Title : Zinc-activated C-peptide resistance to the type 2 diabetic erythrocyte is associated with hyperglycemia-induced phosphatidylserine externalization and reversed by metformin.

Pub. Date : 2009 Oct

PMID : 19756305






12 Functional Relationships(s)
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1 Zinc-activated C-peptide resistance to the type 2 diabetic erythrocyte is associated with hyperglycemia-induced phosphatidylserine externalization and reversed by metformin. Metformin insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
2 Here, we report that erythrocytes (ERYs) obtained from type 2 diabetic rats display an apparent resistance to Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide. Zinc insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
3 Thus, the aims of this study were to demonstrate that Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide exerts potentially beneficial effects on healthy ERYs and that these same effects on type 2 diabetic ERYs are enhanced in the presence of metformin. Zinc insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
4 Thus, the aims of this study were to demonstrate that Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide exerts potentially beneficial effects on healthy ERYs and that these same effects on type 2 diabetic ERYs are enhanced in the presence of metformin. Metformin insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
5 Incubation of ERYs (obtained from type 2 diabetic BBZDR/Wor-rats) with Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide followed by chemiluminescence measurements of ATP resulted in a 31.2 +/- 4.0% increase in ATP release from these ERYs compared to a 78.4 +/- 4.9% increase from control ERYs. Zinc insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
6 Incubation of ERYs (obtained from type 2 diabetic BBZDR/Wor-rats) with Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide followed by chemiluminescence measurements of ATP resulted in a 31.2 +/- 4.0% increase in ATP release from these ERYs compared to a 78.4 +/- 4.9% increase from control ERYs. Adenosine Triphosphate insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
7 Glucose accumulation in diabetic ERYs, measured by scintillation counting of (14)C-labeled glucose, increased by 35.8 +/- 1.3% in the presence of the Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide, a value significantly lower than results obtained from control ERYs (64.3 +/- 5.1%). Glucose insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
8 Phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization and metformin sensitization of Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide were examined spectrofluorometrically by measuring the binding of FITC-labeled annexin to PS. Metformin insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
9 Phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization and metformin sensitization of Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide were examined spectrofluorometrically by measuring the binding of FITC-labeled annexin to PS. Zinc insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
10 The incubation of diabetic ERYs with metformin prior to the addition of Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide resulted in values that were statistically equivalent to those of controls. Zinc insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
11 Summarily, data obtained here demonstrate an apparent resistance to Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide by the ERY that is corrected by metformin. Zinc insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus
12 Summarily, data obtained here demonstrate an apparent resistance to Zn(2+)-activated C-peptide by the ERY that is corrected by metformin. Metformin insulin 2 Rattus norvegicus