Title : Permeability of the blood-tumor barrier is enhanced by combining vascular endothelial growth factor with papaverine.

Pub. Date : 2014 Jun

PMID : 24523141






1 Functional Relationships(s)
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1 This study demonstrates that combination of VEGF and PA can increase the permeability of the BTB by a paracellular pathway (downregulation of occludin and claudin-5) and a transcellular pathway (upregulation of caveolin-1 and caveolin-2) and that the cGMP/PKG/NF-kappaB signal pathway might be involved in the modulation process. btb caveolin 1 Rattus norvegicus