PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offset protein_name organism prot_offset 26634209-4 2015 The increase in BMI found with the carbohydrate-rich and fat-rich diets showed correlation with the levels of leptin and adiponectin. Carbohydrates 35-47 leptin Mus musculus 110-116 25547246-3 2015 METHODS: We performed a dose-time-dependent study with physiological concentrations of leptin: 5, 10 and 50 ng/ml, for 0, 30", 3h, 6h, 12h and 24h, also monitoring time-course changes in non-treated cells. Tritium 127-129 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 25547246-6 2015 In the short-term (30" and/or 3h), leptin significantly induced the expression of PGC1alpha, muscle carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (mCPT1), uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3), OB-Rb, Insulin receptor (InsR) and interleukins 6 and 15 (IL6, IL15). Tritium 30-32 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 25204356-6 2015 Co-administration of AC3174 and the CCK1R-selective agonist to obese diabetic Lep(ob) /Lep(ob) mice elicited a significantly greater reduction in percentage of glycated haemoglobin and food intake relative to the sum effects of monotherapy groups. AC3174 21-27 leptin Mus musculus 78-81 25014179-7 2015 DDT enhanced both adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, which was confirmed by increased mRNA expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), lipoprotein lipase (LpL), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), leptin, osteonectin, core binding factor 1 (CBFA1), and FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog (c-Fos). DDT 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 237-243 25873982-0 2015 alpha-Mangostin Improves Glucose Uptake and Inhibits Adipocytes Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Cells via PPARgamma, GLUT4, and Leptin Expressions. mangostin 0-15 leptin Mus musculus 122-128 25873982-3 2015 In this study, we investigated the activity of alpha-mangostin, a major xanthone component isolated from the stem bark of G. malaccensis, on glucose uptake and adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells focusing on PPARgamma, GLUT4, and leptin expressions. mangostin 47-62 leptin Mus musculus 236-242 25873982-10 2015 Induction of glucose uptake and free fatty acid release by alpha-mangostin were accompanied by increasing mRNA expression of GLUT4 and leptin. Glucose 13-20 leptin Mus musculus 135-141 25873982-10 2015 Induction of glucose uptake and free fatty acid release by alpha-mangostin were accompanied by increasing mRNA expression of GLUT4 and leptin. mangostin 59-74 leptin Mus musculus 135-141 25737949-5 2015 We find that leptin reduces diabetic hyperglycemia, hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression and selectively increases glucose disposal to brown adipose tissue and heart, in STZ-diabetic Crtc1 (WT) mice but not Crtc1 (+/-) mice. Glucose 116-123 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 25737949-5 2015 We find that leptin reduces diabetic hyperglycemia, hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression and selectively increases glucose disposal to brown adipose tissue and heart, in STZ-diabetic Crtc1 (WT) mice but not Crtc1 (+/-) mice. Streptozocin 171-174 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 25737949-6 2015 By contrast, leptin decreases circulating glucagon levels in both STZ-diabetic Crtc1 (WT) and Crtc1 (+/-) mice. Glucagon 42-50 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 25737949-6 2015 By contrast, leptin decreases circulating glucagon levels in both STZ-diabetic Crtc1 (WT) and Crtc1 (+/-) mice. Streptozocin 66-69 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 25737949-8 2015 Accordingly, leptin"s ability to induce Pomc gene expression in the ARC is blunted in STZ-diabetic Crtc1 (+/-) mice. Streptozocin 86-89 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 25159327-0 2014 Leptin restores the insulinotropic effect of exenatide in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes with increased adiposity induced by streptozotocin and high-fat diet. Exenatide 45-54 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25339680-0 2014 Shp2 signaling in POMC neurons is important for leptin"s actions on blood pressure, energy balance, and glucose regulation. Glucose 104-111 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 25339680-8 2014 Leptin infusion also decreased plasma glucose and insulin levels in controls (12 +- 1 to 6 +- 1 muU/ml and 142 +- 12 to 81 +- 8 mg/100 ml) but not in Shp2/Pomc-cre mice. Glucose 38-45 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25159327-7 2014 These results suggested that the leptin treatment restored the insulinotropic effect of exenatide in the mice. Exenatide 88-97 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 25159327-8 2014 In addition, LEP/EX reduced food intake, body weight, and triglyceride levels in the skeletal muscle and liver, and corrected hyperglycemia to a greater extent than either monotherapy. Triglycerides 58-70 leptin Mus musculus 13-16 25159327-10 2014 These results suggest that leptin treatment may restore the insulinotropic effect of exenatide associated with the reduction of pancreatic lipid deposition in type 2 diabetes with increased adiposity. Exenatide 85-94 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 25480301-4 2014 Leptin"s effects on BP are mediated by neuronal circuits in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), as blocking leptin with a specific antibody, antagonist, or inhibition of the activity of LepR-expressing neurons in the DMH caused a rapid reduction of BP in DIO mice, independent of changes in weight. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 90-93 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25480301-4 2014 Leptin"s effects on BP are mediated by neuronal circuits in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), as blocking leptin with a specific antibody, antagonist, or inhibition of the activity of LepR-expressing neurons in the DMH caused a rapid reduction of BP in DIO mice, independent of changes in weight. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 90-93 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 25480301-4 2014 Leptin"s effects on BP are mediated by neuronal circuits in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), as blocking leptin with a specific antibody, antagonist, or inhibition of the activity of LepR-expressing neurons in the DMH caused a rapid reduction of BP in DIO mice, independent of changes in weight. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 217-220 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25463972-0 2014 Leptin receptor deficiency confers resistance to behavioral effects of fluoxetine and desipramine via separable substrates. Fluoxetine 71-81 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25463972-0 2014 Leptin receptor deficiency confers resistance to behavioral effects of fluoxetine and desipramine via separable substrates. Desipramine 86-97 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25463972-5 2014 In this study, we determined the functional role of the leptin receptor (LepRb) in behavioral responses to the selective serotonergic antidepressant fluoxetine and the noradrenergic antidepressant desipramine. Fluoxetine 149-159 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 25463972-5 2014 In this study, we determined the functional role of the leptin receptor (LepRb) in behavioral responses to the selective serotonergic antidepressant fluoxetine and the noradrenergic antidepressant desipramine. Desipramine 197-208 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 25453979-0 2014 Myristic acid conjugation of [D-Leu-4]-OB3, a biologically active leptin-related synthetic peptide amide, significantly improves its pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy. Myristic Acid 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 25453979-0 2014 Myristic acid conjugation of [D-Leu-4]-OB3, a biologically active leptin-related synthetic peptide amide, significantly improves its pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy. Peptides 91-98 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 25453979-0 2014 Myristic acid conjugation of [D-Leu-4]-OB3, a biologically active leptin-related synthetic peptide amide, significantly improves its pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy. Amides 99-104 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 24881856-0 2014 Pluronic modified leptin with increased systemic circulation, brain uptake and efficacy for treatment of obesity. Poloxamer 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 24881856-3 2014 We posit that modification of leptin with poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide), Pluronic P85 (P85) might permit this protein to penetrate the BBB independently of its transporter, thereby overcoming peripheral leptin resistance. poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly 42-93 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 24881856-3 2014 We posit that modification of leptin with poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide), Pluronic P85 (P85) might permit this protein to penetrate the BBB independently of its transporter, thereby overcoming peripheral leptin resistance. poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly 42-93 leptin Mus musculus 241-247 24881856-3 2014 We posit that modification of leptin with poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide), Pluronic P85 (P85) might permit this protein to penetrate the BBB independently of its transporter, thereby overcoming peripheral leptin resistance. Ethylene Oxide 47-61 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 24881856-3 2014 We posit that modification of leptin with poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide), Pluronic P85 (P85) might permit this protein to penetrate the BBB independently of its transporter, thereby overcoming peripheral leptin resistance. Ethylene Oxide 47-61 leptin Mus musculus 241-247 25150941-8 2014 Furthermore, p66(Shc) knockdown in endothelial cells isolated from Lep(Ob/Ob) mice attenuated ROS production, free fatty acids (FFA) oxidation and prevented dysregulation of redox-sensitive pathways such as nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-kB), AGE precursor methylglyoxal and PGI2 synthase. Reactive Oxygen Species 94-97 leptin Mus musculus 67-70 25150941-8 2014 Furthermore, p66(Shc) knockdown in endothelial cells isolated from Lep(Ob/Ob) mice attenuated ROS production, free fatty acids (FFA) oxidation and prevented dysregulation of redox-sensitive pathways such as nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-kB), AGE precursor methylglyoxal and PGI2 synthase. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 110-126 leptin Mus musculus 67-70 24468700-0 2014 Overexpression of gastric leptin precedes adipocyte leptin during high-fat diet and is linked to 5HT-containing enterochromaffin cells. Serotonin 97-100 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 24468700-7 2014 Finally, mice with an intestine-specific deletion of leptin signaling exhibit significant decrease in duodenal mucosa 5HT content. Serotonin 118-121 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 25159327-0 2014 Leptin restores the insulinotropic effect of exenatide in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes with increased adiposity induced by streptozotocin and high-fat diet. Streptozocin 127-141 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25159327-3 2014 In this study, we examined whether leptin could restore the efficacy of exenatide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, in type 2 diabetes with increased adiposity. Exenatide 72-81 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 25159327-6 2014 However, leptin significantly reduced pancreatic triglyceride level, and adding leptin to exenatide (LEP/EX) remarkably enhanced GSIS. Triglycerides 49-61 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 25159327-6 2014 However, leptin significantly reduced pancreatic triglyceride level, and adding leptin to exenatide (LEP/EX) remarkably enhanced GSIS. Exenatide 90-99 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 25159327-6 2014 However, leptin significantly reduced pancreatic triglyceride level, and adding leptin to exenatide (LEP/EX) remarkably enhanced GSIS. Exenatide 90-99 leptin Mus musculus 101-104 25597162-7 2014 Pentoxifylline (PTX) caused significant reductions in granuloma sizes, hepatic hydroxyproline, and serum levels of leptin and transforming growth factor- beta1 t the 9"th& 17kt weeks P.II (GIII. Pentoxifylline 0-14 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 24468700-9 2014 RESULTS from high-fat diet mice showed that overexpression of gastric leptin that is linked to gut "5HT pathway" occurred before the onset of obesity and expansion of fat mass. Serotonin 100-103 leptin Mus musculus 70-76 25144618-7 2014 Lep(ob/ob);Fto(-/-) mice did not develop hyperglycaemia and showed an improved glucose tolerance. Glucose 79-86 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 25177272-6 2014 Adding pharmacological blockers to the recording pipette showed that the leptin-induced LLP-GABAA requires postsynaptic calcium released from internal stores, as well as postsynaptic MAPK/ERK kinases 1 and/or 2 (MEK1/2), phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) and calcium-calmodulin kinase kinase (CaMKK). Calcium 120-127 leptin Mus musculus 73-79 24992023-8 2014 Leptin correlated significantly and negatively with testosterone levels, and high testosterone levels in the moist season could explain why leptin levels were low even though food availability was high. Testosterone 52-64 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 24992023-8 2014 Leptin correlated significantly and negatively with testosterone levels, and high testosterone levels in the moist season could explain why leptin levels were low even though food availability was high. Testosterone 82-94 leptin Mus musculus 140-146 25211467-2 2014 We investigated whether fructose-induced leptin resistance in mice could be used to study the metabolic consequences of fructose consumption in humans, particularly in children and adolescents. Fructose 24-32 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 25211467-6 2014 Additionally, after 14 weeks, both fructose-fed and control mice displayed similar leptin sensitivity. Fructose 35-43 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 25078627-9 2014 Dexamethasone increased adiponectin mRNA expression and protein levels at 4 and 6days and decreased leptin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA expression at all time periods. Dexamethasone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 100-106 25143620-0 2014 Leptin acts via lateral hypothalamic area neurotensin neurons to inhibit orexin neurons by multiple GABA-independent mechanisms. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 100-104 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25143620-10 2014 These findings demonstrate that leptin indirectly inhibits OX neurons by acting on LHA LepRb(Nts) neurons to mediate two distinct GABA-independent mechanisms of inhibition: the presynaptic inhibition of excitatory neurotransmission and the opening of K(ATP) channels. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 130-134 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 25597162-7 2014 Pentoxifylline (PTX) caused significant reductions in granuloma sizes, hepatic hydroxyproline, and serum levels of leptin and transforming growth factor- beta1 t the 9"th& 17kt weeks P.II (GIII. Pentoxifylline 16-19 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 25597162-8 2014 While combined therapy of both MZD & PTX in GIIVcaused more reductions in granuloma sizes, hepatic hydroxyproline, and serum levels of leptin and TGF- beta1 t the 9th & 17th weeks P.IIwhen compared to the other groups. myrrh resin 31-34 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 25597162-8 2014 While combined therapy of both MZD & PTX in GIIVcaused more reductions in granuloma sizes, hepatic hydroxyproline, and serum levels of leptin and TGF- beta1 t the 9th & 17th weeks P.IIwhen compared to the other groups. Adenosine Monophosphate 36-39 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 25597162-8 2014 While combined therapy of both MZD & PTX in GIIVcaused more reductions in granuloma sizes, hepatic hydroxyproline, and serum levels of leptin and TGF- beta1 t the 9th & 17th weeks P.IIwhen compared to the other groups. Pentoxifylline 41-44 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 25031415-7 2014 Furthermore, the morphine rewarding effect was blocked in leptin deficient ob/ob mice or by neutralizing leptin or interleukin-1beta in the NAc without diminishing morphine analgesia. Morphine 17-25 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 24990930-6 2014 In addition, arcuate NPY neurons exhibited abnormal electrophysiological responses to leptin in Tg2576 hypothalamic slices or wild-type slices treated with Abeta. tg2576 96-102 leptin Mus musculus 86-92 24576482-3 2014 In endothelial leptin receptor specific knockout (ELKO) mice, there were lower EAE behavioral scores in the early phase of the disorder, better preserved BSCB function shown by reduced uptake of sodium fluorescein and leukocyte infiltration into the spinal cord. Fluorescein 195-213 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 24781151-11 2014 Pank1/Lep double-deficient mice exhibited reduced whole-body metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids and had a greater reliance on carbohydrate use for energy production. Fatty Acids 75-86 leptin Mus musculus 6-9 24781151-11 2014 Pank1/Lep double-deficient mice exhibited reduced whole-body metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids and had a greater reliance on carbohydrate use for energy production. Carbohydrates 133-145 leptin Mus musculus 6-9 24813992-9 2014 We found that one of the possible mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity effects of flurbiprofen may have been mediated through the attenuation of leptin resistance, because the high circulating levels of leptin in HFD-fed mice were decreased in flurbiprofen-treated mice. Flurbiprofen 84-96 leptin Mus musculus 147-153 24813992-9 2014 We found that one of the possible mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity effects of flurbiprofen may have been mediated through the attenuation of leptin resistance, because the high circulating levels of leptin in HFD-fed mice were decreased in flurbiprofen-treated mice. Flurbiprofen 84-96 leptin Mus musculus 205-211 24813992-9 2014 We found that one of the possible mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity effects of flurbiprofen may have been mediated through the attenuation of leptin resistance, because the high circulating levels of leptin in HFD-fed mice were decreased in flurbiprofen-treated mice. Flurbiprofen 246-258 leptin Mus musculus 205-211 24813992-10 2014 Therefore, flurbiprofen may exhibit therapeutic potential against obesity by reducing leptin resistance. Flurbiprofen 11-23 leptin Mus musculus 86-92 24923522-1 2014 We report evidence of a detailed epigenetic modification of the leptin promoter and the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), which is closely associated with the leptin gene transcription in obesity. Fatty Acids, Omega-3 99-130 leptin Mus musculus 181-187 24813890-5 2014 Furthermore, normalization of blood glucose by leptin is blunted in Lep(ob/ob)/MC4R-null mice, but not in Lep(ob/ob) mice lacking neuropeptide Y (NPY) or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in AgRP neurons. Glucose 36-43 leptin Mus musculus 68-71 24838072-2 2014 In this study, 28 novel (thio)urea and guanidine-based analogues have been synthesized and N-(1-(4-(3-(2-chloroethyl)ureido)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl) benzamide (7i) was found to be a potent regulator of leptin expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. n-(1-(4-(3-(2-chloroethyl)ureido)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl) benzamide 91-176 leptin Mus musculus 220-226 24838072-3 2014 Treatment with 7i at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 35 days reduced the body weight and liver weight of diet-induced obesity mice by 13.5% and 18.4%, respectively, while also improving the serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, leptin, adiponectin, LDL-c, HDL-c. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&amp;E) and Oil Red O staining also confirmed that 7i ameliorated fat deposition in liver tissue and restricted the size of adipocytes in obesity-related fatty liver disease. 7i 15-17 leptin Mus musculus 234-240 24472638-4 2014 C57Bl/6 pups were randomized to daily injections of saline or PEG-leptin antagonist (LX, 12.5 mg/kg) from postnatal day 4 to 14. Polyethylene Glycols 62-65 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 24667351-5 2014 PRLR-/- male mice and control littermates were injected subcutaneously every other day with 12 mg/kg pegylated superactive mouse leptin antagonist (PEG-SMLA) for 3 weeks. peg-smla 148-156 leptin Mus musculus 129-135 23685313-8 2014 In vivo administration of leptin leads to a suppression of lipogenesis, an increase in triglyceride hydrolysis and an increase in fatty acid and glucose oxidation. Triglycerides 87-99 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 24421337-0 2014 Flurbiprofen ameliorated obesity by attenuating leptin resistance induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Flurbiprofen 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 24421337-2 2014 We demonstrated that flurbiprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), exhibited chaperone activity, which reduced protein aggregation and alleviated ER stress-induced leptin resistance, characterized by insensitivity to the actions of the anti-obesity hormone leptin. Flurbiprofen 21-33 leptin Mus musculus 179-185 24421337-2 2014 We demonstrated that flurbiprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), exhibited chaperone activity, which reduced protein aggregation and alleviated ER stress-induced leptin resistance, characterized by insensitivity to the actions of the anti-obesity hormone leptin. Flurbiprofen 21-33 leptin Mus musculus 272-278 24424041-3 2014 Because antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) secreted by Paneth cells represent a major mechanism by which the host influences the gut microbiome, we examined the mRNA expression of gut AMPs, several of which were decreased in leptin receptor (LepR)-deficient db/db mice, suggesting a potential role for AMP modulation of microbiota composition. Peptides 22-30 leptin Mus musculus 220-226 24424041-3 2014 Because antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) secreted by Paneth cells represent a major mechanism by which the host influences the gut microbiome, we examined the mRNA expression of gut AMPs, several of which were decreased in leptin receptor (LepR)-deficient db/db mice, suggesting a potential role for AMP modulation of microbiota composition. Adenylyl sulfate 32-36 leptin Mus musculus 220-226 24424041-3 2014 Because antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) secreted by Paneth cells represent a major mechanism by which the host influences the gut microbiome, we examined the mRNA expression of gut AMPs, several of which were decreased in leptin receptor (LepR)-deficient db/db mice, suggesting a potential role for AMP modulation of microbiota composition. Adenylyl sulfate 179-183 leptin Mus musculus 220-226 24502529-7 2014 RESULTS: Testosterone secretion exhibited a diverse response: a low concentration of leptin induced testosterone secretion, and a high concentration inhibited testosterone secretion both in vivo and in vitro. Testosterone 9-21 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 24502529-7 2014 RESULTS: Testosterone secretion exhibited a diverse response: a low concentration of leptin induced testosterone secretion, and a high concentration inhibited testosterone secretion both in vivo and in vitro. Testosterone 100-112 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 24248461-8 2014 Furthermore, pretreatment with the ERK inhibitor PD98059 and the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 abolished leptin-induced RANKL expression and blocked the promotion of ALP activity of CVSMCs. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 49-56 leptin Mus musculus 99-105 24248461-8 2014 Furthermore, pretreatment with the ERK inhibitor PD98059 and the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 abolished leptin-induced RANKL expression and blocked the promotion of ALP activity of CVSMCs. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 80-88 leptin Mus musculus 99-105 24424049-10 2014 Even though increases in IGFBP2 were blocked, the ability of leptin to decrease body weight, blood glucose, and plasma insulin levels were unaltered. Blood Glucose 93-106 leptin Mus musculus 61-67 24477821-5 2014 Concomitantly, lovastatin downregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Ppargamma), leptin (Lep), fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fabp4), and adiponectin (AdipoQ) as measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR). Lovastatin 15-25 leptin Mus musculus 120-126 24477821-5 2014 Concomitantly, lovastatin downregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Ppargamma), leptin (Lep), fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fabp4), and adiponectin (AdipoQ) as measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR). Lovastatin 15-25 leptin Mus musculus 128-131 24477821-6 2014 The expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (Srebp-1), a transcriptional regulator of Ppargamma and Lep genes, was also suppressed by lovastatin. Lovastatin 152-162 leptin Mus musculus 118-121 24430238-7 2014 Moreover, leptin modulated neurite outgrowth in primary neuronal cultures, and rescued them from Abeta42-induced toxicity. UNII-042A8N37WH 97-104 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 24296036-4 2014 In addition, a significant decrease in the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), leptin, PPARgamma, and C/EBPalpha was noted in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes when induced to differentiate by YCE and Capsaicin. yce 184-187 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 23685313-8 2014 In vivo administration of leptin leads to a suppression of lipogenesis, an increase in triglyceride hydrolysis and an increase in fatty acid and glucose oxidation. Fatty Acids 130-140 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 23685313-8 2014 In vivo administration of leptin leads to a suppression of lipogenesis, an increase in triglyceride hydrolysis and an increase in fatty acid and glucose oxidation. Glucose 145-152 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 24115063-4 2014 Here we analyzed the effects of a pegylated superactive mouse leptin antagonist (PEG-SMLA) in chicken. peg-smla 81-89 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 24248461-5 2014 Our experiments demonstrated that leptin could increase expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), as well as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, runt-related transcription factor 2 expression, calcium deposition, and the formation of mineralized nodules in CVSMCs. Calcium 266-273 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 24382295-2 2014 Leptin is a potent insulin sensitiser and, in leptin-deficient, insulin insensitive, Lep(ob/ob) mice, leptin improves glucose tolerance, indicating that leptin resistance may link obesity to insulin insensitivity. Glucose 118-125 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 24382295-15 2014 Furthermore, when leptin was administered centrally, the glucose tolerance of Lep(ob/ob) mice on HFD was significantly impaired (P = 0.007). Glucose 57-64 leptin Mus musculus 78-81 24382295-18 2014 These findings demonstrate that Lep(ob/ob) mice develop leptin resistance on a HFD independent of hyperleptinaemia and also indicate that the JNK inflammatory pathway plays a key role in the induction of diet-induced glucose intolerance. Glucose 217-224 leptin Mus musculus 32-35 24302741-4 2014 Here, we show that leucine deprivation promotes leptin signaling in mice maintained on an otherwise normal diet and restores leptin responses in mice maintained on a high fat diet, a regimen known to induce leptin resistance. Leucine 19-26 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 24302741-4 2014 Here, we show that leucine deprivation promotes leptin signaling in mice maintained on an otherwise normal diet and restores leptin responses in mice maintained on a high fat diet, a regimen known to induce leptin resistance. Leucine 19-26 leptin Mus musculus 125-131 24302741-4 2014 Here, we show that leucine deprivation promotes leptin signaling in mice maintained on an otherwise normal diet and restores leptin responses in mice maintained on a high fat diet, a regimen known to induce leptin resistance. Leucine 19-26 leptin Mus musculus 125-131 24302741-5 2014 In addition, we found that leucine deprivation stimulated energy expenditure, and fat loss was largely blocked in db/db mice homozygous for a mutation in leptin receptor and a knock-in mouse line Y3F with abrogation of leptin receptor Tyr(1138)-mediated signal transducer and activator transcript 3 signaling. Leucine 27-34 leptin Mus musculus 154-160 24302741-5 2014 In addition, we found that leucine deprivation stimulated energy expenditure, and fat loss was largely blocked in db/db mice homozygous for a mutation in leptin receptor and a knock-in mouse line Y3F with abrogation of leptin receptor Tyr(1138)-mediated signal transducer and activator transcript 3 signaling. Leucine 27-34 leptin Mus musculus 219-225 24169045-2 2014 Superactive mouse leptin antagonist (SMLA) was produced and then pegylated (PEG) to prolong and enhance its in vivo activity. Polyethylene Glycols 76-79 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 24389492-1 2014 Increased spontaneous locomotive activity and oxygen consumption have been reported in transgenic mice overexpressing leptin in the liver. Oxygen 46-52 leptin Mus musculus 118-124 24685581-0 2014 Leptin downregulates LPS-induced lung injury: role of corticosterone and insulin. Corticosterone 54-68 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 24273001-7 2014 We show that leptin is essential for activated T cells to upregulate glucose uptake and metabolism. Glucose 69-76 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 23688008-1 2014 Random mutagenesis of mouse leptin antagonist (L39A/D40A/F41) followed by selection of high-affinity mutants by yeastsurface display indicated that replacing residue D23 with a non-negatively charged amino acid (most specifically with Leu) leads to dramatically enhanced affinity of leptin toward LEPR leading to development of superactive mouse, human, ovine and rat leptin antagonists (D23L/L39A/D40A/F41A). Leucine 235-238 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 23841494-6 2014 To this end, preliminary data from an ongoing study in our laboratory on pegylated leptin antagonist mutant L39A/D40A/F41A (PEG-MLA) treatment shows an inhibition of chronic colitis in IL-10-/- mice. peg-mla 124-131 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 24213635-6 2014 The effects of leptin on increasing the size and weight of the tumor in the nude mice and the proliferation and migration of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were eradicated by pretreatment with LA, the extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD98059. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 256-263 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 23987429-1 2013 The extracellular polysaccharide (LEP) produced by Lachnum YM281 was obtained from the fermentation broth, and LEP-1b with molecular weight of 4.02x10(4) Da was separated and sequentially purified through DEAE-cellulose 52 column chromatography and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. Polysaccharides 18-32 leptin Mus musculus 34-37 24829619-0 2014 Leptin level and oxidative stress contribute to obesity-induced low testosterone in murine testicular tissue. Testosterone 68-80 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 24908087-5 2014 However other factors such as sex, age, body mass index (BMI), sex steroids and pregnancy may also affect leptin levels in plasma. Steroids 67-75 leptin Mus musculus 106-112 24567906-4 2014 We found that the reward value of sucrose was high under a state of leptin deficiency, as well as at a dose of leptin that does not suppress food intake (12.5 ng/h). Sucrose 34-41 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 23855826-0 2013 Leptin attenuates lipopolysaccharide or oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in mice. Oleic Acid 40-50 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 23726523-4 2013 AIM: We investigated the ability of a pegylated leptin antagonist (PG-MLA) to ameliorate the development of chronic experimental colitis. pg-mla 67-73 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 23726523-10 2013 Inhibiting leptin activity through PG-MLA might provide a new and novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of IBD. pg-mla 35-41 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 23892310-3 2013 At BPA doses below the NOAEL that resulted in average unconjugated BPA between 2 and 200pg/ml in fetal serum (AUC0-24h), we observed significant effects in adult male offspring: an age-related change in food intake, an increase in body weight and liver weight, abdominal adipocyte mass, number and volume, and in serum leptin and insulin, but a decrease in serum adiponectin and in glucose tolerance. bisphenol A 3-6 leptin Mus musculus 319-325 24198376-0 2013 Leptin signaling in GABA neurons, but not glutamate neurons, is required for reproductive function. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 20-24 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 24198376-4 2013 Leptin receptors were deleted from GABA and glutamate neurons using Cre-Lox transgenics, and the downstream effects on puberty onset and reproduction were examined. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 35-39 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 24198376-4 2013 Leptin receptors were deleted from GABA and glutamate neurons using Cre-Lox transgenics, and the downstream effects on puberty onset and reproduction were examined. Glutamic Acid 44-53 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 24198376-9 2013 Assessment of the estrogenic hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulation in females showed that leptin action on GABA neurons is not necessary for estradiol-mediated suppression of tonic luteinizing hormone secretion (an indirect measure of GnRH neuron activity) but is required for regulation of a full preovulatory-like luteinizing hormone surge. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 116-120 leptin Mus musculus 99-105 23987429-1 2013 The extracellular polysaccharide (LEP) produced by Lachnum YM281 was obtained from the fermentation broth, and LEP-1b with molecular weight of 4.02x10(4) Da was separated and sequentially purified through DEAE-cellulose 52 column chromatography and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. Polysaccharides 18-32 leptin Mus musculus 111-114 23987429-1 2013 The extracellular polysaccharide (LEP) produced by Lachnum YM281 was obtained from the fermentation broth, and LEP-1b with molecular weight of 4.02x10(4) Da was separated and sequentially purified through DEAE-cellulose 52 column chromatography and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. ym281 59-64 leptin Mus musculus 34-37 23987429-1 2013 The extracellular polysaccharide (LEP) produced by Lachnum YM281 was obtained from the fermentation broth, and LEP-1b with molecular weight of 4.02x10(4) Da was separated and sequentially purified through DEAE-cellulose 52 column chromatography and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. ym281 59-64 leptin Mus musculus 111-114 23987429-1 2013 The extracellular polysaccharide (LEP) produced by Lachnum YM281 was obtained from the fermentation broth, and LEP-1b with molecular weight of 4.02x10(4) Da was separated and sequentially purified through DEAE-cellulose 52 column chromatography and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. DEAE-Cellulose 205-219 leptin Mus musculus 34-37 24058635-0 2013 Triiodothyronine increases mRNA and protein leptin levels in short time in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by PI3K pathway activation. Triiodothyronine 0-16 leptin Mus musculus 44-50 22374508-8 2013 The growth of LM38 cell sublines was inhibited by retinoids, first by inducing arrest in MEP cells, then apoptosis in LEP cells. Retinoids 50-59 leptin Mus musculus 118-121 22374508-11 2013 CONCLUSION: These in-vivo and in-vitro results show that to achieve maximum effects of RA on tumor progression both the LEP and MEP cell compartments have to be present, suggesting that the interaction between the LEP and MEP cells is crucial to full activation of the RARs. Tretinoin 87-89 leptin Mus musculus 120-123 22374508-11 2013 CONCLUSION: These in-vivo and in-vitro results show that to achieve maximum effects of RA on tumor progression both the LEP and MEP cell compartments have to be present, suggesting that the interaction between the LEP and MEP cells is crucial to full activation of the RARs. Tretinoin 87-89 leptin Mus musculus 214-217 24070160-5 2013 Yakuchinone A suppresses intracellular lipid accumulation during adipocyte differentiation in 3 T3-L1 cells and the expressions of leptin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). yakuchinone-A 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 24048859-5 2013 Surprisingly, electrophysiological experiments demonstrated that leptin directly depolarized and increased the firing rate of DMH NPY neurons in DIO mice. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 126-129 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 24048859-10 2013 First, NPY and CART are coexpressed in the same neurons within the DMH, and second, leptin stimulates DMH NPY neurons. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 102-105 leptin Mus musculus 84-90 24058635-1 2013 The present study aimed to examine the effects of thyroid hormone (TH), more precisely triiodothyronine (T3), on the modulation of leptin mRNA expression and the involvement of the phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway in adipocytes, 3T3-L1, cell culture. Triiodothyronine 87-103 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 24058635-1 2013 The present study aimed to examine the effects of thyroid hormone (TH), more precisely triiodothyronine (T3), on the modulation of leptin mRNA expression and the involvement of the phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway in adipocytes, 3T3-L1, cell culture. Triiodothyronine 105-107 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 24058635-9 2013 To examine whether leptin is directly induced by T3, we used the translation inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX). Cycloheximide 87-100 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 24011077-6 2013 Our analyses indicate that enhanced glucose uptake by brown adipose tissue and soleus muscle, as well as improved hepatic metabolism, underlies these effects of leptin. Glucose 36-43 leptin Mus musculus 161-167 24042086-8 2013 The superoxide scavenger TEMPOL was also effective in preventing the effects of leptin on endothelial dysfunction. Superoxides 4-14 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 24042086-8 2013 The superoxide scavenger TEMPOL was also effective in preventing the effects of leptin on endothelial dysfunction. tempol 25-31 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 24042086-10 2013 These effects of leptin are mediated by sympathetic nervous system activation and superoxide and may contribute to vascular stiffness and hypertension in obesity. Superoxides 82-92 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 23986664-7 2013 Interestingly, leptin was also significantly related with high concentrations of fasting glucose (r = 0.5227) and insulin (r = 0.2229), as well as elevated levels of insulin resistance (r = 0.3611) and circulating triglyceride (r = 0.4135). Glucose 89-96 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 23656888-2 2013 The hormone leptin has profound glucose-lowering and insulin-sensitizing action in type 1 diabetic rodent models. Glucose 32-39 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 23656888-6 2013 The dose-response study revealed that leptin reverses STZ-induced diabetes in a dose-dependent manner. Streptozocin 54-57 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 23656888-8 2013 In contrast, 1 microg/day leptin only modestly reduced blood glucose but maintained efficacy throughout the study duration. Glucose 61-68 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 23656888-10 2013 Although these islet doses were insufficient to ameliorate hyperglycemia alone, coadministration of leptin with islet transplantation robustly improved control of glucose and lipid metabolism, without increasing circulating insulin levels. Glucose 163-170 leptin Mus musculus 100-106 23656888-11 2013 This study reveals that low-dose leptin administration can reduce the number of transplanted islets required to achieve metabolic control in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Streptozocin 141-144 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 23640861-2 2013 This study tests the hypothesis that free radical metabolism of low chronic exposure to bromodichloromethane (BDCM), a disinfection byproduct of drinking water, causes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), mediated by cytochrome P450 isoform CYP2E1 and adipokine leptin. free 37-41 leptin Mus musculus 262-268 23640861-2 2013 This study tests the hypothesis that free radical metabolism of low chronic exposure to bromodichloromethane (BDCM), a disinfection byproduct of drinking water, causes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), mediated by cytochrome P450 isoform CYP2E1 and adipokine leptin. bromodichloromethane 88-108 leptin Mus musculus 262-268 23640861-2 2013 This study tests the hypothesis that free radical metabolism of low chronic exposure to bromodichloromethane (BDCM), a disinfection byproduct of drinking water, causes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), mediated by cytochrome P450 isoform CYP2E1 and adipokine leptin. bromodichloromethane 110-114 leptin Mus musculus 262-268 23640861-3 2013 Using diet-induced obese mice (DIO), mice deficient in CYP2E1, and mice with spontaneous knockout of the leptin gene, we show that BDCM caused increased lipid peroxidation and increased tyrosine nitration in DIO mice, events dependent on reductive metabolism by CYP2E1. bromodichloromethane 131-135 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 23640861-4 2013 DIO mice, exposed to BDCM, exhibited increased hepatic leptin levels and higher levels of proinflammatory gene expression and Kupffer cell activation. bromodichloromethane 21-25 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 23640861-7 2013 Mice lacking the leptin gene were significantly protected from both NASH and metabolic alterations following BDCM exposure, suggesting that higher levels of leptin induction by BDCM in the liver contribute to the development of NASH and metabolic alterations in obesity. bromodichloromethane 109-113 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 23530005-3 2013 In contrast, activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), but not the MEK-ERK pathway, in the VMH by leptin enhances the insulin-induced suppression of endogenous glucose production in an MCR-independent manner, with this effect of leptin occurring only in the presence of an increased plasma concentration of insulin. Glucose 192-199 leptin Mus musculus 130-136 23530005-4 2013 Given that leptin requires 6 h to increase muscle glucose uptake, the transient activation of the MEK-ERK pathway in the VMH by leptin may play a role in the induction of synaptic plasticity in the VMH, resulting in the enhancement of MCR signaling in the nucleus and leading to an increase in insulin sensitivity in red-type muscle. Glucose 50-57 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 22830490-11 2013 CONCLUSIONS: Combined treatment with omeprazole with exendin-4 reduces food intake and body weight gain, most likely through changes in plasma ghrelin and leptin levels, and improves pancreatic insulin and glucagon content by improving glucokinase activity. Omeprazole 37-47 leptin Mus musculus 155-161 23271136-5 2013 Leptin is an effector and modulator of steroid hormones and reproduction. Steroids 39-55 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 24025512-7 2013 RESULTS: Leptin time-dependently increased the phosphorylation level of GSK-3beta at ser-9 in C2C12 cell, and the pGSK-3beta level in cells incubated by leptin for 30 min was as 4.08 times as which in control cells (P < 0.01). Serine 85-88 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 24025512-11 2013 CONCLUSION: Leptin promotes muscle glycogen synthesis by inducing phosphorylation of GSK-3beta in C2C12 cell. Glycogen 35-43 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 23680914-9 2013 In vivo treatment of Bscl2 (-/-) mice with pioglitazone for 9 weeks increased residual inguinal and mesenteric fat pads as well as plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations. Pioglitazone 43-55 leptin Mus musculus 138-144 23640861-7 2013 Mice lacking the leptin gene were significantly protected from both NASH and metabolic alterations following BDCM exposure, suggesting that higher levels of leptin induction by BDCM in the liver contribute to the development of NASH and metabolic alterations in obesity. bromodichloromethane 109-113 leptin Mus musculus 157-163 23640861-7 2013 Mice lacking the leptin gene were significantly protected from both NASH and metabolic alterations following BDCM exposure, suggesting that higher levels of leptin induction by BDCM in the liver contribute to the development of NASH and metabolic alterations in obesity. bromodichloromethane 177-181 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 23640861-7 2013 Mice lacking the leptin gene were significantly protected from both NASH and metabolic alterations following BDCM exposure, suggesting that higher levels of leptin induction by BDCM in the liver contribute to the development of NASH and metabolic alterations in obesity. bromodichloromethane 177-181 leptin Mus musculus 157-163 23640861-8 2013 These results provide novel insights into BDCM-induced NASH and hepatic metabolic reprogramming and show the regulation of obesity-linked susceptibility to NASH by environmental factors, CYP2E1, and leptin. bromodichloromethane 42-46 leptin Mus musculus 199-205 23858470-7 2013 AMPK activation was dependent on both leptin and glucose concentrations, so at optimal concentrations of leptin, AMPK was activated sufficiently to induce K(ATP) channel trafficking and hyperpolarization of pancreatic beta-cells in a physiological range of fasting glucose levels. Glucose 49-56 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 23858470-7 2013 AMPK activation was dependent on both leptin and glucose concentrations, so at optimal concentrations of leptin, AMPK was activated sufficiently to induce K(ATP) channel trafficking and hyperpolarization of pancreatic beta-cells in a physiological range of fasting glucose levels. Glucose 265-272 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 23864684-8 2013 These findings identify the leptin-AGRP circuit as a critical modulator of hepatic triglyceride stores in starvation and suggest a vital role for this circuit in sustaining the supply of energy from the liver to extrahepatic tissues during periods of prolonged food deprivation. Triglycerides 83-95 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 23530005-0 2013 Extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the ventromedial hypothalamus mediates leptin-induced glucose uptake in red-type skeletal muscle. Glucose 95-102 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 23530005-2 2013 We now show that signaling by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and its upstream kinase MEK in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) mediates the leptin-induced increase in glucose utilization as well as its insulin sensitivity in the whole body and in red-type skeletal muscle of mice through activation of the melanocortin receptor (MCR) in the VMH. Glucose 181-188 leptin Mus musculus 154-160 23438451-0 2013 Proinflammatory adipokine leptin mediates disinfection byproduct bromodichloromethane-induced early steatohepatitic injury in obesity. bromodichloromethane 65-85 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 23438451-3 2013 Here we demonstrate that in obesity, early steatohepatitic lesions induced by the water disinfection byproduct bromodichloromethane are mediated by increased oxidative stress and leptin which act in synchrony to potentiate disease progression. Water 82-87 leptin Mus musculus 179-185 23438451-3 2013 Here we demonstrate that in obesity, early steatohepatitic lesions induced by the water disinfection byproduct bromodichloromethane are mediated by increased oxidative stress and leptin which act in synchrony to potentiate disease progression. bromodichloromethane 111-131 leptin Mus musculus 179-185 23438451-4 2013 Low acute exposure to bromodichloromethane (BDCM), in diet-induced obesity produced oxidative stress as shown by increased lipid peroxidation, protein free radical and nitrotyrosine formation and elevated leptin levels. bromodichloromethane 22-42 leptin Mus musculus 205-211 23438451-4 2013 Low acute exposure to bromodichloromethane (BDCM), in diet-induced obesity produced oxidative stress as shown by increased lipid peroxidation, protein free radical and nitrotyrosine formation and elevated leptin levels. bromodichloromethane 44-48 leptin Mus musculus 205-211 23438451-8 2013 In obese mice that were BDCM-exposed, livers showed a significant increase in Kupffer cell activation marker CD68 and, increased necrosis as assessed by levels of isocitrate dehydrogenase, events that were decreased in the absence of leptin or its receptor. bromodichloromethane 24-28 leptin Mus musculus 234-240 23438451-9 2013 In conclusion, our results show that exposure to the disinfection byproduct BDCM in diet-induced obesity augments steatohepatitic injury by potentiating the effects of leptin on oxidative stress, Kupffer cell activation and cell death in the liver. bromodichloromethane 76-80 leptin Mus musculus 168-174 23462572-3 2013 After the injection of a high replacement dose (0.04 mg/kg) and two pharmacologic doses (4 and 8 mg/kg) of leptin, brain water contents increased significantly compared with that of control mice (P<0.05), which was confirmed when comparing the results with leptin-deficient ob/ob and wild-type (WT) mice (78.8%+-0.6% versus 79.7%+-0.6%, P<0.05). Water 121-126 leptin Mus musculus 107-113 23685808-8 2013 The effects of REMD on mEPSCs and AMPA/NMDA ratio could be reversed by leptin treatment, whereas on PPR it could not. N-Methylaspartate 39-43 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 23986664-7 2013 Interestingly, leptin was also significantly related with high concentrations of fasting glucose (r = 0.5227) and insulin (r = 0.2229), as well as elevated levels of insulin resistance (r = 0.3611) and circulating triglyceride (r = 0.4135). Triglycerides 214-226 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 23265465-0 2013 Effect of the genistein metabolite on leptin secretion in murine adipocytes in vitro. Genistein 14-23 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 23305991-0 2013 Presynaptic leptin action suppresses excitatory synaptic transmission onto ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons. Dopamine 98-106 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 23305991-3 2013 Although leptin can decrease intrinsic excitability of dopamine neurons in the VTA, it is unknown whether leptin can modulate excitatory synaptic transmission in this brain region. Dopamine 55-63 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 23305991-4 2013 Because plasticity of glutamatergic synapses onto VTA neurons can encode predictive information about reward, we hypothesized that leptin can decrease excitatory synaptic transmission onto dopamine neurons. Dopamine 189-197 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 23305991-6 2013 RESULTS: Leptin depressed both AMPAR and NMDAR EPSCs in VTA dopamine neurons and reduced frequency but not amplitude of mini EPSCs. Dopamine 60-68 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 23305991-9 2013 CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that leptin causes a presynaptic inhibition of the probability of glutamate release onto VTA dopamine neurons. Glutamic Acid 103-112 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 23305991-9 2013 CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that leptin causes a presynaptic inhibition of the probability of glutamate release onto VTA dopamine neurons. vta dopamine 126-138 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 23305991-11 2013 Leptin-induced weakening of synaptic strength onto dopamine cells may underlie its inhibitory effects on appetitive behavior for rewarding stimuli. Dopamine 51-59 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 23265465-7 2013 We also applied the metabolite to mouse adipocytes and found that 2-HPPA was less effective at reducing leptin secretion than the parent compound genistein. 2-hppa 66-72 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 23248313-6 2013 Based on this designer signaling cascade, it was possible to use guanabenz to dose-dependently control expression of GLP-1-Fc(mIgG)-Leptin, a bifunctional therapeutic peptide hormone that combines the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and leptin via an IgG-Fc linker. Guanabenz 65-74 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 23720606-6 2013 CG injection increased the level of leptin in serum and peritoneal fluid with thickening of submesothelial compact zone in wild type mice, but CG-injected ob/ob mice attenuate peritoneal fibrosis, and markedly reduced the number of myofibroblasts, infiltrating macrophages, and blood vessels in the thickened submesothelial area. chlorhexidine gluconate 0-2 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 23720606-7 2013 The 2-week leptin administration induced a more thickened peritoneum in the CG-injected C57BL/6 mice than in the PBS group. Lead 113-116 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 23207144-0 2013 Leptin is key to peroxynitrite-mediated oxidative stress and Kupffer cell activation in experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Peroxynitrous Acid 17-30 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 23207144-8 2013 In ob/ob mice, leptin supplementation restored markers of free radical generation. free 58-62 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 23207144-12 2013 CONCLUSIONS: These results, for the first time, suggest that leptin action in macrophages of the steatotic liver, through induction of iNOS and NADPH oxidase, causes peroxynitrite-mediated oxidative stress thus activating Kupffer cells. Peroxynitrous Acid 166-179 leptin Mus musculus 61-67 23511143-0 2013 Localized leptin release may be an important mechanism of curcumin action after acute ischemic injuries. Curcumin 58-66 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 23511143-2 2013 Here, we investigated whether leptin and its signaling pathway mediate the protective effects of curcumin. Curcumin 97-105 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 23511143-4 2013 In vivo intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice determined the effects of curcumin administration on inflammation, oxygen radical production, and leptin expression. Curcumin 87-95 leptin Mus musculus 159-165 23511143-10 2013 Interestingly, we found that the decreased leptin and its receptor Ob-Rb were restored by curcumin administration. Curcumin 90-98 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 23511143-11 2013 In addition, in vitro studies showed that curcumin increased leptin expression and release after hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cell injuries. Curcumin 42-50 leptin Mus musculus 61-67 23511143-12 2013 Moreover, curcumin treatment restored decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation (p-ERK1/2) and inhibited overactive p38 (p-p38) after injuries, and the effect was reversed by a leptin-specific antibody or Ob-R blocker. Curcumin 10-18 leptin Mus musculus 168-174 23511143-13 2013 CONCLUSION: These data suggest that leptin and Ob-Rb-dependent ERK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways may be involved in curcumin protection against intestinal I/R injury, and leptin may be a potential target of curcumin in intestinal I/R injury and other related acute diseases. Curcumin 118-126 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 23511143-13 2013 CONCLUSION: These data suggest that leptin and Ob-Rb-dependent ERK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways may be involved in curcumin protection against intestinal I/R injury, and leptin may be a potential target of curcumin in intestinal I/R injury and other related acute diseases. Curcumin 209-217 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 23248313-6 2013 Based on this designer signaling cascade, it was possible to use guanabenz to dose-dependently control expression of GLP-1-Fc(mIgG)-Leptin, a bifunctional therapeutic peptide hormone that combines the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and leptin via an IgG-Fc linker. Guanabenz 65-74 leptin Mus musculus 237-243 23531214-5 2013 Antioxidant food additives such as sodium sulphite, sodium benzoate and curcumin were shown to suppress the leptin release in lipopolysaccharide- treated murine adipocytes. sodium sulfite 35-50 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 23160964-6 2013 Moreover, in adipose tissue cultures, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D markedly stimulated mRNA expression and secretion of leptin, but not resistin, in adipose tissues obtained from WT mice, but not from VDR-null mice, and leptin upregulation induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D was more robust in adipose tissues obtained from VDR Tg mice compared with WT mice. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 246-269 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 23160964-7 2013 These data demonstrate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D stimulates adipose leptin production in a VDR-dependent manner, suggesting that vitamin D may affect energy homeostasis through direct regulation of leptin expression. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 28-51 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 23160964-7 2013 These data demonstrate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D stimulates adipose leptin production in a VDR-dependent manner, suggesting that vitamin D may affect energy homeostasis through direct regulation of leptin expression. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 28-51 leptin Mus musculus 201-207 23160964-7 2013 These data demonstrate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D stimulates adipose leptin production in a VDR-dependent manner, suggesting that vitamin D may affect energy homeostasis through direct regulation of leptin expression. Vitamin D 42-51 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 23160964-7 2013 These data demonstrate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D stimulates adipose leptin production in a VDR-dependent manner, suggesting that vitamin D may affect energy homeostasis through direct regulation of leptin expression. Vitamin D 42-51 leptin Mus musculus 201-207 23531214-5 2013 Antioxidant food additives such as sodium sulphite, sodium benzoate and curcumin were shown to suppress the leptin release in lipopolysaccharide- treated murine adipocytes. Sodium Benzoate 52-67 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 23531214-5 2013 Antioxidant food additives such as sodium sulphite, sodium benzoate and curcumin were shown to suppress the leptin release in lipopolysaccharide- treated murine adipocytes. Curcumin 72-80 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 23531214-7 2013 On the other hand, leptin has been shown to favor Th1-type activity, which ultimately decreases tryptophan levels. Tryptophan 96-106 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 23531214-9 2013 In this context, the antioxidant suppression of leptin release and Th1-type activity is beneficial to increase serotonin and melatonin levels. Serotonin 111-120 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 23531214-9 2013 In this context, the antioxidant suppression of leptin release and Th1-type activity is beneficial to increase serotonin and melatonin levels. Melatonin 125-134 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 23256448-4 2013 Betulinic acid (BA) isolated from Saussurea lappa suppressed the hypothalamic protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B in mice and enhanced the antiobesity effect of leptin in obese rats. betulinic acid 0-14 leptin Mus musculus 157-163 23160964-0 2013 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 upregulates leptin expression in mouse adipose tissue. Calcitriol 0-24 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 23160964-2 2013 Vitamin D has been shown to regulate energy metabolism, but the relationship between vitamin D and leptin is unclear. Vitamin D 85-94 leptin Mus musculus 99-105 23160964-4 2013 To address this question, we determined the effect of vitamin D on leptin expression in vivo and ex vivo. Vitamin D 54-63 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 23160964-5 2013 One-week treatment of WT mice with the vitamin D analog RO-27-5646 led to a significant increase in adipose leptin mRNA transcript and serum leptin levels. Vitamin D 39-48 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 23160964-5 2013 One-week treatment of WT mice with the vitamin D analog RO-27-5646 led to a significant increase in adipose leptin mRNA transcript and serum leptin levels. Vitamin D 39-48 leptin Mus musculus 141-147 23160964-6 2013 Moreover, in adipose tissue cultures, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D markedly stimulated mRNA expression and secretion of leptin, but not resistin, in adipose tissues obtained from WT mice, but not from VDR-null mice, and leptin upregulation induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D was more robust in adipose tissues obtained from VDR Tg mice compared with WT mice. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 38-61 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 23160964-6 2013 Moreover, in adipose tissue cultures, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D markedly stimulated mRNA expression and secretion of leptin, but not resistin, in adipose tissues obtained from WT mice, but not from VDR-null mice, and leptin upregulation induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D was more robust in adipose tissues obtained from VDR Tg mice compared with WT mice. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 38-61 leptin Mus musculus 215-221 23256448-4 2013 Betulinic acid (BA) isolated from Saussurea lappa suppressed the hypothalamic protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B in mice and enhanced the antiobesity effect of leptin in obese rats. betulinic acid 16-18 leptin Mus musculus 157-163 23256448-5 2013 Ethanol extract of Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) induced leptin expressions in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes and mice in a dose-dependent manner. Ethanol 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 23047987-5 2012 Rats and mice that consumed a valine-deficient diet (VDD) for 2-3 wk exhibited marked reductions in food intake, body weight, fat and lean body mass, body temperature, and white adipose tissue leptin gene expression, as well as a paradoxical increase in brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein-1 mRNA. Valine 30-36 leptin Mus musculus 193-199 23544120-0 2013 Chito-oligosaccharide inhibits the de-methylation of a "CpG" island within the leptin (LEP) promoter during adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. oligochitosan 0-21 leptin Mus musculus 79-85 23544120-0 2013 Chito-oligosaccharide inhibits the de-methylation of a "CpG" island within the leptin (LEP) promoter during adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. oligochitosan 0-21 leptin Mus musculus 87-90 23544120-4 2013 As COS inhibited LEP expression during adipogenesis, the second aim was to investigate the methylation dynamics of a "CpG" island in the proximal region of the LEP promoter during adipogenesis and to determine the effect of COS on this process. oligochitosan 3-6 leptin Mus musculus 17-20 23544120-11 2013 These data suggest that COS can have an epigenetic effect on differentiating adipocytes, a novel biological function of COS which has potential applications for the manipulation of leptin gene expression, adipogenesis, and conditions within the metabolic syndrome spectrum. oligochitosan 24-27 leptin Mus musculus 181-187 23544120-11 2013 These data suggest that COS can have an epigenetic effect on differentiating adipocytes, a novel biological function of COS which has potential applications for the manipulation of leptin gene expression, adipogenesis, and conditions within the metabolic syndrome spectrum. oligochitosan 120-123 leptin Mus musculus 181-187 22444524-7 2012 Spirulina and pioglitazone were associated with significantly lower leptin and higher levels, respectively, compared to the control group. Pioglitazone 14-26 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 23099119-7 2012 Importantly, leptin therapy substantially reduced plasma cholesterol concentrations by ~41%, especially in LDL fractions, in diabetic Ins2(+/Akita):apoE(-/-) mice. Cholesterol 57-68 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 23099119-9 2012 In addition, leptin restored repressed expression of hepatic sortilin-1, a receptor for LDL clearance, and reversed altered expression of several hepatic genes involved in lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis characteristic of diabetic mice. Cholesterol 188-199 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 22895388-0 2012 Leptin-mediated reactive oxygen species production does not significantly affect primary mouse hepatocyte functions in vitro. Reactive Oxygen Species 16-39 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22895388-2 2012 Leptin mediates its profibrogenic and proinflammatory effects on HSCs in part through the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Reactive Oxygen Species 118-141 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22895388-2 2012 Leptin mediates its profibrogenic and proinflammatory effects on HSCs in part through the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Reactive Oxygen Species 143-146 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22895388-3 2012 In this study, we focus our analysis on leptin-induced ROS production in hepatocytes. Reactive Oxygen Species 55-58 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 22895388-8 2012 RESULTS: Leptin induced ROS production in primary hepatocytes by 150-450%, compared with a 20-30% increase in HSCs and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). Reactive Oxygen Species 24-27 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 22895388-11 2012 Leptin-induced ROS production in db/db hepatocytes did not differ from wild-type mice. Reactive Oxygen Species 15-18 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22895388-13 2012 CONCLUSION: Leptin induced higher ROS levels in primary hepatocytes than in LSECs and HSCs, depending on NADPH oxidase, MEK1 and JAK2 signalling but not on the long leptin receptor isoform. Reactive Oxygen Species 34-37 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 22841822-10 2012 Alcohol-perturbed genes involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation, very low-density lipoprotein secretion, and transcriptional regulation were attenuated by leptin. Alcohols 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 153-159 22841822-10 2012 Alcohol-perturbed genes involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation, very low-density lipoprotein secretion, and transcriptional regulation were attenuated by leptin. Fatty Acids 36-46 leptin Mus musculus 153-159 22841822-11 2012 Leptin also normalized alcohol-reduced phosphorylation levels of signal transducer Stat3 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. Alcohols 23-30 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22742899-0 2012 Carbenoxolone prevents the development of fatty liver in C57BL/6-Lep ob/ob mice via the inhibition of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c activity and apoptosis. Carbenoxolone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 65-68 22742899-3 2012 In the present study, we elucidated the protective effect of carbenoxolone in fatty liver animal models of C57BL/6-Lep(ob/ob) mice through inhibition of hepatic lipogenesis and apoptosis. Carbenoxolone 61-74 leptin Mus musculus 115-118 22742899-5 2012 Carbenoxolone was daily administrated by gavage for 28 days in C57BL/6 and C57BL/6-Lep(ob/ob) mice. Carbenoxolone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 83-86 22742899-6 2012 Carbenoxolone prevented the plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid accumulation associated with the reduction of the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, liver X receptor, fatty acid synthase and acethyl-CoA carboxylase in the livers of C57BL/6-Lep(ob/ob) mice. Carbenoxolone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 269-272 22742899-7 2012 Carbenoxolone also prevented hepatic injury through anti-apoptotic action in the livers of C57BL/6-Lep(ob/ob) mice, accompanied by increased Bcl-2 expression and suppressed Bax and cytochrome c expression. Carbenoxolone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 99-102 22742899-8 2012 As a mechanism, increased inflammatory cytokine expressions were inhibited by carbenoxolone in the fatty livers of C57BL/6-Lep(ob/ob) mice. Carbenoxolone 78-91 leptin Mus musculus 123-126 22742899-10 2012 Carbenoxolone prevents the development of fatty liver by inhibiting sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c expression and activity with an anti-apoptotic mechanism via the inhibition of inflammatory cytokine and reactive oxygen species formation in the livers of C57BL/6-Lep(ob/ob) mice. Carbenoxolone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 277-280 23254634-12 2013 In agreement with the effects of glucose on tau modifications in vitro, there is increased tau cleavage in the brains of ob/ob mice; however, tau cleavage is not observed in type 1 diabetic mouse brains. Glucose 33-40 leptin Mus musculus 121-123 22561945-0 2012 Leptin increases temperature-dependent chorda tympani nerve responses to sucrose in mice. Sucrose 73-80 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22561945-3 2012 We examined the influence of (1) stimulus temperature on chorda tympani (CT) nerve responses to sucrose, saccharin and NH(4)Cl; and (2) leptin administration on CT nerve responses to sucrose, saccharin and other basic taste stimuli at 35 C that maximized sweet-taste sensitivity in C57BL/6 mice. Sucrose 183-190 leptin Mus musculus 136-142 22561945-5 2012 In contrast, the CT nerve responses to NH(4)Cl increased in magnitude as temperature increased from 23 to 44 C. We also showed that leptin selectively increased the CT nerve responses to sucrose at 35 C in both fasted and free-fed mice. Ammonium Chloride 39-46 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 22561945-5 2012 In contrast, the CT nerve responses to NH(4)Cl increased in magnitude as temperature increased from 23 to 44 C. We also showed that leptin selectively increased the CT nerve responses to sucrose at 35 C in both fasted and free-fed mice. Sucrose 187-194 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 22561945-7 2012 Our findings are consistent with the notion that leptin binds with its receptors in fungiform taste buds and alters the message conveyed by sugar-responsive neurons to the brain. Sugars 140-145 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 23064363-0 2012 Leptin regulates glutamate and glucose transporters in hypothalamic astrocytes. Glutamic Acid 17-26 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 23064363-3 2012 Here, we demonstrate that metabolic status and leptin also modify astrocyte-specific glutamate and glucose transporters, indicating that metabolic signals influence synaptic efficacy and glucose uptake and, ultimately, neuronal function. Glucose 99-106 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 22841822-6 2012 Alcohol exposure suppressed leptin gene expression in WAT and reduced the plasma leptin concentration at all times measured. Alcohols 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 22841822-6 2012 Alcohol exposure suppressed leptin gene expression in WAT and reduced the plasma leptin concentration at all times measured. Alcohols 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 22713546-10 2012 In a mouse animal model, a 10 day leptin treatment significantly increased gentamicin-induced apoptotic cells in proximal tubules. Gentamicins 75-85 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 22621961-8 2012 We also examined the birth of leptin-activated cells by coupling the 5-bromo-2"-deoxyuridine staining with cFos immunohistochemistry. Bromodeoxyuridine 69-92 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 24024119-2 2012 Leptin binding to its receptor (LepR-b) promotes the tyrosine phosphorylation of three sites on LepR-b, each of which mediates distinct downstream signals. Tyrosine 53-61 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22585210-5 2012 Fourth ventricle leptin treatment in obese ob/ob mice significantly improved V(E) - CO(2) (from 131 +- 15 to 197 +- 10 ml min(-1)) by increasing tidal volume (from 0.38 +- 0.03 to 0.55 +- 0.02 ml, vehicle and leptin, respectively). (e) - co(2) 78-89 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 22585210-9 2012 Thus, leptin deficiency, rather than obesity, is the main cause of impaired V(E) - CO(2) in ob/ob mice and leptin appears to play an important role in regulating chemorespiratory response by its direct actions on the CNS. (e) - co(2) 77-88 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 24024122-2 2012 Whether dopamine signaling is crucial for the acute effect of leptin on feeding is unknown. Dopamine 8-16 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 24024122-3 2012 Using pharmacological and genetic strategies, we tested the hypothesis that the acute inhibitory effect of leptin on food intake is partially mediated by dopamine. Dopamine 154-162 leptin Mus musculus 107-113 24024122-4 2012 Dopamine D2 but not D1 receptor blockade attenuated the acute hypophagic effect of leptin in fasted mice. dopamine-d2 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 22685316-2 2012 Leptin"s actions are mediated by signaling events initiated by phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the long form of the leptin receptor. Tyrosine 82-90 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22685316-2 2012 Leptin"s actions are mediated by signaling events initiated by phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the long form of the leptin receptor. Tyrosine 82-90 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 22685316-4 2012 In this report, we assessed leptin receptor-mediated ERK activation, a pathway that was ablated in the l/l mouse through a mutation of the tyrosine 985 residue in the leptin receptor, to determine its role in host defense against bacterial pneumonia in vivo and in alveolar macrophage (AM) antibacterial functions in vitro. Tyrosine 139-147 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 22685316-4 2012 In this report, we assessed leptin receptor-mediated ERK activation, a pathway that was ablated in the l/l mouse through a mutation of the tyrosine 985 residue in the leptin receptor, to determine its role in host defense against bacterial pneumonia in vivo and in alveolar macrophage (AM) antibacterial functions in vitro. Tyrosine 139-147 leptin Mus musculus 167-173 22491615-11 2012 The malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were reduced, and superoxide dismutase level was increased after leptin treatment, which also minimized histologic changes and neuronal apoptosis, led to the upregulation of Bcl-2 and downregulation of caspase-3 expression after injury. Malondialdehyde 4-19 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 22580898-5 2012 Leptin also sensitized aortae from eNOS(-/-) mice to acetylcholine, an effect blocked by neuronal NOS (nNOS) inhibition and not observed in eNOS-nNOS double(-/-) mice. Acetylcholine 53-66 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22734574-3 2012 In ob/ob mice, which lack leptin, metabolic heat production (oxygen consumption, Vo(2)) was suppressed in 20 C cold in both the light and dark phases, resulting in hypothermia. Oxygen 61-67 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 22268099-4 2012 Administration of AC3174, an exenatide analog, and GLP-1R agonist to Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) and B6 ameliorated hepatic endpoints in both dietary models. AC3174 18-24 leptin Mus musculus 69-72 22434078-2 2012 Adipocytokines such as leptin and adiponectin play important roles in glucose and lipid metabolism. Glucose 70-77 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 22434078-9 2012 In contrast, methylation of histone 4 at lysine 20 in the leptin promoter was significantly higher in OH compared with OC mice. Lysine 41-47 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 22499548-7 2012 As a consequence of decreased body weight, the SP-leptin treated mouse group showed decreased abdominal fat contents and low triglyceride (TG) concentration. Triglycerides 125-137 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 22499548-7 2012 As a consequence of decreased body weight, the SP-leptin treated mouse group showed decreased abdominal fat contents and low triglyceride (TG) concentration. Triglycerides 139-141 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 22499548-8 2012 Moreover, the SP-leptin treated mouse group had fewer lipid droplets in liver and reduced lipid droplet size when analyzed by Oil red O and H & E staining. oil red O 126-135 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 22253064-5 2012 Leptin (1-100 ng/ml) and adiponectin (1-100 nM) increased ROS accumulation, as was determined by DCFDA fluorescence. Reactive Oxygen Species 58-61 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22253064-5 2012 Leptin (1-100 ng/ml) and adiponectin (1-100 nM) increased ROS accumulation, as was determined by DCFDA fluorescence. diacetyldichlorofluorescein 97-102 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 22253064-13 2012 The results of this study show that leptin and adiponectin, by inducing a physiological increase in ROS levels, may be positive regulators of beta-cell mass. Reactive Oxygen Species 100-103 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 22474124-1 2012 We have previously reported that the absence of leptin signaling in beta-cells enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and improves glucose tolerance in vivo. Glucose 88-95 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 22474124-1 2012 We have previously reported that the absence of leptin signaling in beta-cells enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and improves glucose tolerance in vivo. Glucose 138-145 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 22474124-8 2012 These data support enhanced insulinotropic effects of glucose, GLP-1, and sulfonylureas in the islets lacking leptin signaling with potential therapeutic implications. Sulfonylurea Compounds 74-87 leptin Mus musculus 110-116 22425595-0 2012 Metformin attenuates Alzheimer"s disease-like neuropathology in obese, leptin-resistant mice. Metformin 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 21543097-2 2012 It was previously demonstrated that treating Lep(ob) mice with antibiotics improved glucose tolerance. Glucose 84-91 leptin Mus musculus 45-48 22491615-11 2012 The malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were reduced, and superoxide dismutase level was increased after leptin treatment, which also minimized histologic changes and neuronal apoptosis, led to the upregulation of Bcl-2 and downregulation of caspase-3 expression after injury. Nitric Oxide 24-36 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 22113454-5 2012 Leptin significantly decreased the percentage of resazurin reduction in all studied concentrations while there was only a slight or non significant difference in RM1cell proliferation in the presence of insulin or insulin combined with leptin when compared with control. resazurin 49-58 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 21801469-0 2012 Food additives such as sodium sulphite, sodium benzoate and curcumin inhibit leptin release in lipopolysaccharide-treated murine adipocytes in vitro. sodium sulfite 23-38 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 21801469-0 2012 Food additives such as sodium sulphite, sodium benzoate and curcumin inhibit leptin release in lipopolysaccharide-treated murine adipocytes in vitro. Sodium Benzoate 40-55 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 21801469-0 2012 Food additives such as sodium sulphite, sodium benzoate and curcumin inhibit leptin release in lipopolysaccharide-treated murine adipocytes in vitro. Curcumin 60-68 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 21801469-5 2012 A significant and dose-dependent decrease in leptin was observed after incubating the cells with SB and curcumin for 12 and 24 h, whereas SS decreased leptin concentrations after 24 h of treatment. Sodium Benzoate 97-99 leptin Mus musculus 45-51 21801469-5 2012 A significant and dose-dependent decrease in leptin was observed after incubating the cells with SB and curcumin for 12 and 24 h, whereas SS decreased leptin concentrations after 24 h of treatment. Curcumin 104-112 leptin Mus musculus 45-51 21801469-8 2012 The food additives SS, SB and curcumin affect the leptin release after co-incubation with LPS from cultured adipocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Sodium Benzoate 23-25 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 21801469-8 2012 The food additives SS, SB and curcumin affect the leptin release after co-incubation with LPS from cultured adipocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Curcumin 30-38 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 22848520-8 2012 Our data show that paxilline reversed the effects of leptin, both on normoxic and hypoxic neurons, suggesting that the adipokine counteracts hypoxia through BK channels activation in mouse hippocampal neurons. paxilline 19-28 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 22124147-14 2012 In addition, DIO induced neuroplasticity in the ENS is likely to involve leptin and GDNF. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 13-16 leptin Mus musculus 73-79 21723971-7 2012 Administration of antidiabetic TZD rosiglitazone, which sensitizes cells to insulin and increases adipocyte metabolic functions, significantly increased both, BAT (UCP1, PGC1alpha, Dio2, beta3AR, Prdm16, and FoxC2) and WAT (adiponectin and leptin) gene expression in marrow of normoglycemic C57BL/6 mice, but failed to increase the expression of BAT, but not WAT, gene markers in diabetic mice. tzd 31-34 leptin Mus musculus 240-246 21723971-7 2012 Administration of antidiabetic TZD rosiglitazone, which sensitizes cells to insulin and increases adipocyte metabolic functions, significantly increased both, BAT (UCP1, PGC1alpha, Dio2, beta3AR, Prdm16, and FoxC2) and WAT (adiponectin and leptin) gene expression in marrow of normoglycemic C57BL/6 mice, but failed to increase the expression of BAT, but not WAT, gene markers in diabetic mice. Rosiglitazone 35-48 leptin Mus musculus 240-246 22019852-5 2012 Repeated administration of CoCl(2) significantly increased serum leptin, adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and normalized glucose level and adipose cell size in mice fed HFD. cobaltous chloride 27-34 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 22019852-11 2012 However, inorganic cobalt may have a preventive role in obesity-related diseases through increased leptin, adiponectin and HDL-cholesterol levels, whereas inorganic mercury may accelerate the development of such diseases. inorganic cobalt 9-25 leptin Mus musculus 99-105 21865462-8 2011 We demonstrated that neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) of DIO mice mediate the thermogenic responses to hyperleptinemia in obese mammals because blockade of leptin receptors in the DMH prevented the thermogenic effects of leptin. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 62-65 leptin Mus musculus 121-127 22223365-3 2011 IMCL levels were found to be significantly higher in ob/ob mice relative to ob/+ heterozygous control mice that do not develop disease. imcl 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 53-55 22223365-3 2011 IMCL levels were found to be significantly higher in ob/ob mice relative to ob/+ heterozygous control mice that do not develop disease. imcl 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 56-58 22223365-3 2011 IMCL levels were found to be significantly higher in ob/ob mice relative to ob/+ heterozygous control mice that do not develop disease. imcl 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 56-58 22223365-4 2011 An increase in IMCL levels was observed for ob/ob mice until weeks 16/17; after this time point, IMCL levels decreased again, reaching final levels that were slightly higher than the initial values. imcl 15-19 leptin Mus musculus 31-33 22223365-4 2011 An increase in IMCL levels was observed for ob/ob mice until weeks 16/17; after this time point, IMCL levels decreased again, reaching final levels that were slightly higher than the initial values. imcl 15-19 leptin Mus musculus 44-46 22223365-4 2011 An increase in IMCL levels was observed for ob/ob mice until weeks 16/17; after this time point, IMCL levels decreased again, reaching final levels that were slightly higher than the initial values. imcl 97-101 leptin Mus musculus 31-33 22081158-7 2011 Our data suggest that leptin suppresses the ability of sucrose to drive taste-independent DA neuronal activation and provide new insights into the mechanism of leptin"s effects on food intake. Sucrose 55-62 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 22023616-14 2011 In conclusion, leptin induces neurogenesis and angiogenesis after stroke and leads to increased leptin receptor and pAMPK concentrations. pampk 116-121 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 21632071-5 2011 Absence of IL-6 did not improve systemic glucose or insulin tolerance, but Lep(db) x IL6KO mice displayed a smaller blood glucose increase following a pyruvate challenge. Pyruvic Acid 151-159 leptin Mus musculus 75-78 21857156-2 2011 Here, we show that pharmacological autophagy inducers like rapamycin, spermidine and resveratrol can reduce leptin concentrations in the serum of mice and that genetic inactivation of the leptin/leptin receptor system leads to an increase in autophagy in peripheral tissues including skeletal muscle, heart and liver. Sirolimus 59-68 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 21857156-2 2011 Here, we show that pharmacological autophagy inducers like rapamycin, spermidine and resveratrol can reduce leptin concentrations in the serum of mice and that genetic inactivation of the leptin/leptin receptor system leads to an increase in autophagy in peripheral tissues including skeletal muscle, heart and liver. Spermidine 70-80 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 21857156-2 2011 Here, we show that pharmacological autophagy inducers like rapamycin, spermidine and resveratrol can reduce leptin concentrations in the serum of mice and that genetic inactivation of the leptin/leptin receptor system leads to an increase in autophagy in peripheral tissues including skeletal muscle, heart and liver. Resveratrol 85-96 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 22384432-8 2011 In the organ culture experiment, the ovaries were cultured in transwell permeable supports with Waymouth"s medium treated with various doses of SDF-1alpha (50-200 ng/mL) or leptin (0.01-1 microg/mL) for 7 days. waymouth"s medium 96-113 leptin Mus musculus 173-179 21857261-8 2012 RESULTS: Here, we show that leptin reduced intestinal histologic alterations, malondialdehyde and interleukin-6 levels but increased the endogenous leptin expression and NO production in the intestines. Malondialdehyde 78-93 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 21914774-7 2011 Inhibiting both AMPK with Compound C or phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) with 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-1(4H)-1-benzopyran-4-one hydrochloride prevented the leptin-mediated decrease in NPY secretion, indicating both AMPK- and PI3K-mediated mechanisms. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-1(4h)-1-benzopyran-4-one hydrochloride 82-147 leptin Mus musculus 162-168 21865462-8 2011 We demonstrated that neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) of DIO mice mediate the thermogenic responses to hyperleptinemia in obese mammals because blockade of leptin receptors in the DMH prevented the thermogenic effects of leptin. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 62-65 leptin Mus musculus 169-175 21865462-8 2011 We demonstrated that neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) of DIO mice mediate the thermogenic responses to hyperleptinemia in obese mammals because blockade of leptin receptors in the DMH prevented the thermogenic effects of leptin. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 193-196 leptin Mus musculus 121-127 21865462-8 2011 We demonstrated that neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) of DIO mice mediate the thermogenic responses to hyperleptinemia in obese mammals because blockade of leptin receptors in the DMH prevented the thermogenic effects of leptin. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 193-196 leptin Mus musculus 169-175 21865462-10 2011 Nevertheless, obese mice without a functional melanocortin system (MC4R KO mice) have an increased sympathetic outflow to iBAT compared with their littermates, suggesting that higher leptin levels drive sympathoexcitation to iBAT by a melanocortin-independent pathway. ibat 122-126 leptin Mus musculus 183-189 21865462-10 2011 Nevertheless, obese mice without a functional melanocortin system (MC4R KO mice) have an increased sympathetic outflow to iBAT compared with their littermates, suggesting that higher leptin levels drive sympathoexcitation to iBAT by a melanocortin-independent pathway. ibat 225-229 leptin Mus musculus 183-189 21865462-11 2011 Because the sympathetic nervous system contributes in regulating blood pressure, heart rate, and hepatic glucose production, selective leptin resistance may be a crucial mechanism linking adiposity and metabolic syndrome. Glucose 105-112 leptin Mus musculus 135-141 21690486-8 2011 Although infusion of leptin in HFD mice had no effect on heart rate or blood pressure, it further increased aldosterone levels and further reduced vascular adrenergic tone in the absence of weight loss, indicating persistent leptin-mediated stimulation of the cardiovascular system in obesity. Aldosterone 108-119 leptin Mus musculus 21-27 21690486-9 2011 In conclusion, these data indicate that, despite metabolic leptin resistance, leptin-mediated stimulation of the heart, the vasculature, and aldosterone production persists in obesity. Aldosterone 141-152 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 21538849-8 2011 DON exposure reduced plasma insulin, leptin, insulin-like growth factor 1, and insulin-like growth factor acid labile subunit as well as increased hypothalamic mRNA level of the orexigenic agouti-related protein. deoxynivalenol 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 21670064-5 2011 Moreover, this nutritional stress resulted in the removal of methyls at CpGs located in the promoter of leptin, causing a permanent specific modification in the dynamics of the expression of leptin, which exhibits a stronger induction in the F1-LPD than in F1-CD mice in response to a meal. Cadmium 260-262 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 21670064-5 2011 Moreover, this nutritional stress resulted in the removal of methyls at CpGs located in the promoter of leptin, causing a permanent specific modification in the dynamics of the expression of leptin, which exhibits a stronger induction in the F1-LPD than in F1-CD mice in response to a meal. Cadmium 260-262 leptin Mus musculus 191-197 21521746-7 2011 Diet substitution from high-fat diet to CD in DIO mice ameliorated the depressive behavior and restored leptin-induced antidepressive action. Cadmium 40-42 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 21521746-10 2011 The antidepressant activity of leptin in CD mice was significantly attenuated by treatment with K252a. Cadmium 41-43 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 21521746-10 2011 The antidepressant activity of leptin in CD mice was significantly attenuated by treatment with K252a. staurosporine aglycone 96-101 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 21124310-7 2011 Mutation of tyrosine 985 or 1138 in the intracellular domain of the leptin receptor, which mediates signaling through the SH2-containing tyrosine phosphatase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (SHP2/ERK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways, respectively, demonstrated that both were important for mucosal protection. Tyrosine 12-20 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 21352506-1 2011 AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of leptin treatment in mouse neonates on glucose metabolism in adulthood. Glucose 95-102 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 21352506-4 2011 RESULTS: After the intraperitoneal administration of glucose, the levels of blood glucose, but not insulin, in adult mice that received the neonatal leptin treatment were significantly higher than that of those which received vehicle control. Glucose 53-60 leptin Mus musculus 149-155 21352506-4 2011 RESULTS: After the intraperitoneal administration of glucose, the levels of blood glucose, but not insulin, in adult mice that received the neonatal leptin treatment were significantly higher than that of those which received vehicle control. Glucose 82-89 leptin Mus musculus 149-155 21352506-5 2011 After the intraperitoneal administration of insulin, the levels of blood glucose in adult mice that underwent neonatal leptin treatment were significantly higher than that of those which received vehicle control. Glucose 73-80 leptin Mus musculus 119-125 21521753-2 2011 Leptin also regulates glucose homeostasis by improving whole-body insulin sensitivity, but the mechanism remains undefined. Glucose 22-29 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 21521753-3 2011 Leptin action is mediated by phosphorylation of several tyrosine residues on LepRb. Tyrosine 56-64 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 21609458-0 2011 The Regulation of Leptin, Leptin Receptor and Pro-opiomelanocortin Expression by N-3 PUFAs in Diet-Induced Obese Mice Is Not Related to the Methylation of Their Promoters. Fatty Acids, Omega-3 81-90 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 21609458-1 2011 BACKGROUND: The expression of leptin is increased in obesity and inhibited by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), but the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been firmly established. Fatty Acids, Omega-3 78-109 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 21609458-1 2011 BACKGROUND: The expression of leptin is increased in obesity and inhibited by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), but the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been firmly established. Fatty Acids, Omega-3 111-120 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 21397678-7 2011 RESULTS: Supplementation of CG extract to HFD fed mice significantly prevented HFD induced increment in bodyweight, lee index, plasma lipids and LEP, visceral adiposity and adipocyte hypertrophy. cysteinylglycine 28-30 leptin Mus musculus 145-148 21397678-8 2011 Also, CG extract supplementation resulted in down regulation of PPARgamma-2, SREBP1c, FAS and LEP expression along with up-regulation of CPT-1 in epididymal adipose tissue compared to HFD fed mice. cysteinylglycine 6-8 leptin Mus musculus 94-97 21397678-9 2011 In vitro study recorded significant anti-adipogenic effect of CG extract that resulted in decreased adipogenesis, TG accumulation, LEP release, G3PDH activity along with higher glycerol release without significantly altering viability of 3T3L1 pre-adipocytes. cysteinylglycine 62-64 leptin Mus musculus 131-134 21464443-0 2011 Leptin therapy reverses hyperglycemia in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, independent of hepatic leptin signaling. Streptozocin 51-65 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 21464443-4 2011 Thus we hypothesized that exogenous leptin administered to mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes reverses hyperglycemia through direct action on hepatocytes. Streptozocin 69-83 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 21464443-4 2011 Thus we hypothesized that exogenous leptin administered to mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes reverses hyperglycemia through direct action on hepatocytes. Streptozocin 85-88 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 21464443-9 2011 Leptin therapy also ameliorated STZ-induced hyperglycemia and hyperketonemia in mice with disrupted hepatic leptin signaling to a similar extent as observed in wild-type littermates with STZ-induced diabetes. Streptozocin 32-35 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 21464443-9 2011 Leptin therapy also ameliorated STZ-induced hyperglycemia and hyperketonemia in mice with disrupted hepatic leptin signaling to a similar extent as observed in wild-type littermates with STZ-induced diabetes. Streptozocin 32-35 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 21464443-9 2011 Leptin therapy also ameliorated STZ-induced hyperglycemia and hyperketonemia in mice with disrupted hepatic leptin signaling to a similar extent as observed in wild-type littermates with STZ-induced diabetes. Streptozocin 187-190 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 21464443-10 2011 CONCLUSIONS: These observations reveal that hyperleptinemia reverses the symptoms of STZ-induced diabetes in mice and that this action does not require direct leptin signaling in the liver. Streptozocin 85-88 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 21315688-4 2011 In the C57BL/6-Lep(ob/ob) mice study, the administration of KR-66344 (200mg/kg/d, orally for 5 days) improved the glucose intolerance as determined by the oral glucose tolerance test, in which the area under the curve (AUC) of the plasma glucose concentration was significantly reduced by 27% compared with the vehicle treated group. Krypton 60-62 leptin Mus musculus 15-18 21352814-0 2011 Inhibitory effect of leptin on rosiglitazone-induced differentiation of primary adipocytes prepared from TallyHO/Jng mice. Rosiglitazone 31-44 leptin Mus musculus 21-27 21257708-7 2011 Serum leptin level rose in AL mice with increasing age but was significantly reduced by long-term CCR and ICR. Aluminum 27-29 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 21186986-0 2011 Modulation of leptin levels by oxidized linoleic acid: a connection to atherosclerosis? Linoleic Acid 40-53 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 21186986-1 2011 The objective of the study was to determine the effects of oxidized linoleic acid (Ox-LA) on plasma leptin and to determine the relationship between plasma leptin levels and atherosclerosis in animals treated with Ox-LA. ox-la 83-88 leptin Mus musculus 100-106 21186986-5 2011 From this we conclude that chronic exposure to dietary Ox-LA increases the plasma levels of leptin in LDL r(-/-) mice on a high fat diet. ox-la 55-60 leptin Mus musculus 92-98 21352814-4 2011 The inhibition of adipogenesis by leptin was restored by the treatment of inhibitors for extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) (PD98059) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1) (fludarabine). fludarabine 207-218 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 21352814-2 2011 The treatment of leptin inhibited the rosiglitazone-induced adipocyte differentiation with a decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) a key adipogenic transcription factor, both in mRNA and protein levels. Rosiglitazone 38-51 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 21352814-4 2011 The inhibition of adipogenesis by leptin was restored by the treatment of inhibitors for extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) (PD98059) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1) (fludarabine). 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 134-141 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 21086065-3 2011 Confocal microscopy showed that fluorocitrate pretreatment reduced astrocytic uptake of Alexa568-leptin 30 min after icv while increasing neuronal uptake in the arcuate nucleus and dorsomedial hypothalamus. fluorocitrate 32-45 leptin Mus musculus 97-103 21296052-5 2011 The expression of adiponectin, leptin and insulin receptor was also increased by irbesartan. Irbesartan 81-91 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 21086065-4 2011 Fluorocitrate also induced mild astrogliosis and moderately increased pSTAT3 immunopositive neurons in response to Alexa568-leptin in the dorsomedial hypothalamus. fluorocitrate 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 21086065-6 2011 The results show that fluorocitrate induced a mild pSTAT3 activation but attenuated leptin-induced pSTAT3 activation and decreased GFAP expression independently of leptin treatment. fluorocitrate 22-35 leptin Mus musculus 84-90 21148475-3 2011 In mice, central leptin acutely increases both skeletal muscle AMPK activation and glucose uptake. Glucose 83-90 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 20494377-7 2011 In ob/ob mice, leptin treatment normalized the decrease in postprandial free fatty acid concentration (P = .066). Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 72-87 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 20494377-12 2011 The leptin-induced decreased postprandial TG excursion in ob/ob mice suggests that leptin acts to augment clearance of postprandial TG-rich lipoprotein lipid and that this increase may in part be secondary to the increased activity of SMLPL. Triglycerides 42-44 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 20494377-12 2011 The leptin-induced decreased postprandial TG excursion in ob/ob mice suggests that leptin acts to augment clearance of postprandial TG-rich lipoprotein lipid and that this increase may in part be secondary to the increased activity of SMLPL. Triglycerides 42-44 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 20494377-12 2011 The leptin-induced decreased postprandial TG excursion in ob/ob mice suggests that leptin acts to augment clearance of postprandial TG-rich lipoprotein lipid and that this increase may in part be secondary to the increased activity of SMLPL. Triglycerides 132-134 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 20494377-12 2011 The leptin-induced decreased postprandial TG excursion in ob/ob mice suggests that leptin acts to augment clearance of postprandial TG-rich lipoprotein lipid and that this increase may in part be secondary to the increased activity of SMLPL. Triglycerides 132-134 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 20494377-13 2011 The trend for decreased postprandial free fatty acid may indicate that leptin decreases adipose tissue lipid stores without increasing lipolysis. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 37-52 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 21379576-4 2011 Central leptin significantly reduced food intake, body weight gain and adiposity, as well as serum glucose, insulin, leptin, free fatty acid and triglyceride levels relative to ACSF treated controls. Glucose 99-106 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 21379576-4 2011 Central leptin significantly reduced food intake, body weight gain and adiposity, as well as serum glucose, insulin, leptin, free fatty acid and triglyceride levels relative to ACSF treated controls. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 125-140 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 21379576-4 2011 Central leptin significantly reduced food intake, body weight gain and adiposity, as well as serum glucose, insulin, leptin, free fatty acid and triglyceride levels relative to ACSF treated controls. Triglycerides 145-157 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 21379576-6 2011 Central leptin also improved glucose tolerance and hepatic insulin sensitivity determined using the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps relative to pair fed vehicle treated controls, as well as increasing the rate of glucose disappearance. Glucose 29-36 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 21379576-7 2011 Hepatic vagotomy only partially reversed the ability of central leptin to improve glucose tolerance. Glucose 82-89 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 21379576-9 2011 The findings also suggest that: 1) both hepatic vagal and non-vagal pathways contribute to this improvement, and 2) central leptin alters glucose disposal in skeletal muscle in this model. Glucose 138-145 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 21119198-4 2011 We employed random mutagenesis of leptin, followed by selection of high affinity mutants by yeast surface display and discovered that replacing residue Asp-23 with a non-negatively charged amino acid leads to dramatically enhanced affinity of leptin for its soluble receptor. Aspartic Acid 152-155 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 21119198-4 2011 We employed random mutagenesis of leptin, followed by selection of high affinity mutants by yeast surface display and discovered that replacing residue Asp-23 with a non-negatively charged amino acid leads to dramatically enhanced affinity of leptin for its soluble receptor. Aspartic Acid 152-155 leptin Mus musculus 243-249 21187319-1 2011 Recent evidence indicates that leptin regulates appetite and energy expenditure, at least in part by inhibiting serotonin synthesis and release from brainstem neurons. Serotonin 112-121 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 21148797-0 2011 Disruption of leptin receptor-STAT3 signaling enhances leukotriene production and pulmonary host defense against pneumococcal pneumonia. Leukotrienes 55-66 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 21187319-2 2011 To demonstrate that this pathway works postnatally, we used a conditional, brainstem-specific mouse CreER(T2) driver to show that leptin signals in brainstem neurons after birth to decrease appetite by inhibiting serotonin synthesis. Serotonin 213-222 leptin Mus musculus 130-136 21187319-3 2011 Cell-specific gene deletion experiments and intracerebroventricular leptin infusions reveal that serotonin signals in arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus through the Htr1a receptor to favor food intake and that this serotonin function requires the expression of Creb, which regulates the expression of several genes affecting appetite. Serotonin 97-106 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 21467634-0 2011 Caffeic acid phenethyl ester suppresses the production of adipocytokines, leptin, tumor necrosis factor -alpha and resistin, during differentiation to adipocytes in 3T3-L1 cells. caffeic acid phenethyl ester 0-28 leptin Mus musculus 74-110 21187319-5 2011 Collectively, these results establish that leptin inhibition of serotonin is necessary to inhibit appetite postnatally and provide a proof of principle that selective inhibition of this pathway may be a viable option to treat appetite disorders. Serotonin 64-73 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 20940665-0 2011 Puberty is delayed in male mice with dextran sodium sulfate colitis out of proportion to changes in food intake, body weight, and serum levels of leptin. dextran sodium sulfate 37-59 leptin Mus musculus 146-152 20940665-9 2011 We conclude that DSS colitis causes delayed puberty in sexually immature male mice beyond what is seen among FR mice of similar weight, food intake, and leptin levels. dss 17-20 leptin Mus musculus 153-159 21655283-7 2011 CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our results indicate that GABA(B)R1 subunit is constitutively expressed by adipocytes to primarily regulate leptin expression at the transcriptional level through a mechanism not relevant to the function as a partner of heterodimeric assembly to the functional GABA(B)R. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 52-56 leptin Mus musculus 134-140 20808936-9 2010 Several biological processes such as mitochondrial metabolic pathways, lipid metabolic and catabolic processes, lipid biosynthetic processes, carboxylic acid metabolic processes, iron ion binding and glutathione S-transferases were downregulated after leptin administration. Carboxylic Acids 142-157 leptin Mus musculus 252-258 21717410-0 2011 The role of leptin in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Carbohydrates 40-52 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 21717410-7 2011 Recent data provides convincing evidence that leptin has beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis in mouse models of insulin-deficient type 1 diabetes mellitus. Glucose 79-86 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 20647547-3 2010 At physiological concentrations (1-10 ng/ml), leptin increased LSR protein and mRNA levels in Hepa1-6 cells through an ERK1/2-dependent and alpha-amanitin-sensitive pathway. Alpha-Amanitin 140-154 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 20647547-4 2010 In vivo, leptin treatment of C57BL6/Rj mice (1 mug 2x/d, 8 d) led to a significant increase in hepatic LSR mRNA and protein, decreased liver triglycerides and increased VLDL secretion as compared to controls. Triglycerides 141-154 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 21467634-5 2011 Our data show that treatment with 50 microM CAPE significantly reduced the levels of leptin (p<0.05), resistin (p<0.05) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (p<0.05) which are known to aid adipocytokines production in adipocytes. caffeic acid phenethyl ester 44-48 leptin Mus musculus 85-92 21151569-5 2010 Sequencing on the candidate genes identified a novel T-to-A mutation in the third exon of Leptin gene, which translates to a V145E amino acid exchange in the leptin propeptide. propeptide 165-175 leptin Mus musculus 90-96 21151569-5 2010 Sequencing on the candidate genes identified a novel T-to-A mutation in the third exon of Leptin gene, which translates to a V145E amino acid exchange in the leptin propeptide. propeptide 165-175 leptin Mus musculus 158-164 21151569-11 2010 Molecular modeling predicted that the mutated residue would form hydrogen bond with the adjacent residues, potentially affecting the structure and formation of an active complex with leptin receptor within that region. Hydrogen 65-73 leptin Mus musculus 183-189 21056997-9 2010 Leptin receptor-free tumor cells display reduced STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation on residue Y705 but have increased serine phosphorylation on residue S727, consistent with preserved mitochondrial function in the absence of the leptin receptor. Tyrosine 55-63 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 21056997-9 2010 Leptin receptor-free tumor cells display reduced STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation on residue Y705 but have increased serine phosphorylation on residue S727, consistent with preserved mitochondrial function in the absence of the leptin receptor. Serine 115-121 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 20487585-2 2010 The main objectives of the present study were to determine the time course of DHA incorporation into phospholipids in different mouse tissues and the effects of DHA supplementation on adiponectin and leptin secretion. dehydroacetic acid 161-164 leptin Mus musculus 200-206 20487585-7 2010 Plasma leptin levels were significantly lower after 4 d of feeding with DHA. dehydroacetic acid 72-75 leptin Mus musculus 7-13 20808936-9 2010 Several biological processes such as mitochondrial metabolic pathways, lipid metabolic and catabolic processes, lipid biosynthetic processes, carboxylic acid metabolic processes, iron ion binding and glutathione S-transferases were downregulated after leptin administration. Iron 179-183 leptin Mus musculus 252-258 20200981-0 2010 Leptin stimulates fibroblast growth factor 23 expression in bone and suppresses renal 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 synthesis in leptin-deficient mice. ,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 92-115 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 20214882-3 2010 Lep(70-89)-modified liposomes, prepared with a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) spacer (Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs) exhibited a significantly higher cellular uptake than peptide-unmodified liposomes (PEG-LPs). Polyethylene Glycols 47-65 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 20488786-7 2010 The 4 and 24 wk CS exposure increased leptin expression in bronchial epithelial cells and pneumocytes versus air-exposed WT mice (p<0.05). Cesium 16-18 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 20488786-12 2010 These data reveal an important role of leptin in modulating innate and adaptive immunity after CS inhalation in mice. Cesium 95-97 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 20399779-0 2010 Roles of GPR41 and GPR43 in leptin secretory responses of murine adipocytes to short chain fatty acids. Fatty Acids, Volatile 79-102 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 20399779-1 2010 GPR41 is reportedly expressed in murine adipose tissue and mediates short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-stimulated leptin secretion by activating Galpha(i). Fatty Acids, Volatile 68-90 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 20399779-1 2010 GPR41 is reportedly expressed in murine adipose tissue and mediates short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-stimulated leptin secretion by activating Galpha(i). Fatty Acids, Volatile 92-96 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 20399779-5 2010 Acetate but not butyrate stimulated leptin secretion in wild-type mesenteric adipocytes, consistent with mediation of the response by GPR43 rather than GPR41. Acetates 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 20354157-0 2010 Dietary iron restriction or iron chelation protects from diabetes and loss of beta-cell function in the obese (ob/ob lep-/-) mouse. Iron 8-12 leptin Mus musculus 117-120 20354157-0 2010 Dietary iron restriction or iron chelation protects from diabetes and loss of beta-cell function in the obese (ob/ob lep-/-) mouse. Iron 28-32 leptin Mus musculus 117-120 20175225-1 2010 Peripheral and central leptin administration have been shown to mediate central dopamine (DA) signaling. Dopamine 80-88 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 20175225-1 2010 Peripheral and central leptin administration have been shown to mediate central dopamine (DA) signaling. Dopamine 90-92 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 20214882-3 2010 Lep(70-89)-modified liposomes, prepared with a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) spacer (Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs) exhibited a significantly higher cellular uptake than peptide-unmodified liposomes (PEG-LPs). Polyethylene Glycols 47-65 leptin Mus musculus 80-83 20214882-3 2010 Lep(70-89)-modified liposomes, prepared with a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) spacer (Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs) exhibited a significantly higher cellular uptake than peptide-unmodified liposomes (PEG-LPs). Polyethylene Glycols 67-70 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 20214882-3 2010 Lep(70-89)-modified liposomes, prepared with a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) spacer (Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs) exhibited a significantly higher cellular uptake than peptide-unmodified liposomes (PEG-LPs). Polyethylene Glycols 67-70 leptin Mus musculus 80-83 20214882-3 2010 Lep(70-89)-modified liposomes, prepared with a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) spacer (Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs) exhibited a significantly higher cellular uptake than peptide-unmodified liposomes (PEG-LPs). peg-lps 91-98 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 20214882-3 2010 Lep(70-89)-modified liposomes, prepared with a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) spacer (Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs) exhibited a significantly higher cellular uptake than peptide-unmodified liposomes (PEG-LPs). peg-lps 91-98 leptin Mus musculus 80-83 20214882-3 2010 Lep(70-89)-modified liposomes, prepared with a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) spacer (Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs) exhibited a significantly higher cellular uptake than peptide-unmodified liposomes (PEG-LPs). peg-lps 184-191 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 20214882-3 2010 Lep(70-89)-modified liposomes, prepared with a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) spacer (Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs) exhibited a significantly higher cellular uptake than peptide-unmodified liposomes (PEG-LPs). peg-lps 184-191 leptin Mus musculus 80-83 20214882-4 2010 Furthermore, cellular uptake was inhibited by amiloride, while no significant inhibitory effect was observed by the presence of chlorpromazine and filipin III, suggesting that macropinocytosis largely contributed to the cellular uptake of Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs. Amiloride 46-55 leptin Mus musculus 239-242 20214882-4 2010 Furthermore, cellular uptake was inhibited by amiloride, while no significant inhibitory effect was observed by the presence of chlorpromazine and filipin III, suggesting that macropinocytosis largely contributed to the cellular uptake of Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs. peg-lps 250-257 leptin Mus musculus 239-242 20214882-5 2010 Imaging studies revealed that Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs were not colocalized with endosome/lysosomes, whereas neutral dextran (70 kDa) was predominantly colocalized with these compartments. peg-lps 41-48 leptin Mus musculus 30-33 20214882-6 2010 This indicates that Lep(70-89)-PEG-LPs are taken up via macropinocytosis and are subject to non-classical intracellular trafficking, resulting in the circumvention of lysosomal degradation in endothelial cells. peg-lps 31-38 leptin Mus musculus 20-23 20396382-10 2010 Low levels of leptin reconciled contractile, intracellular Ca2+ and cell signaling defects as well as O2(-) production and p(47phox) upregulation in young but not aging ob/ob mice. Oxygen 102-104 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 20396382-11 2010 High level of leptin (50 nM) compromised contractile and intracellular Ca2+ response as well as O2(-) production and stress signaling in all groups. Superoxides 96-101 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 20068132-2 2010 Leptin binding to LepRb initiates signaling by activating the associated Janus kinase 2 (Jak2) tyrosine kinase, which promotes the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the intracellular tail of LepRb. Tyrosine 95-103 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 20194730-9 2010 In conclusion, CPO mice exhibited early and persistent leptin resistance in the arcuate nucleus and, in response to HFD, rapid development of obesity and insulin resistance. cpo 15-18 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 19798065-7 2010 Dietary capsaicin lowered fasting glucose, insulin, leptin levels, and markedly reduced the impairment of glucose tolerance in obese mice. Capsaicin 8-17 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 20415687-1 2010 AIM: To design, manufacture and test a second generation leptin receptor (ObR) agonist glycopeptide derivative. Glycopeptides 87-99 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 20415687-9 2010 RESULTS: The 12-residue glycosylated leptin-based peptidomimetic E1/6-amino-hexanoic acid (Aca) was designed to target a principal leptin/ObR-binding interface. Estrone 65-67 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 20415687-9 2010 RESULTS: The 12-residue glycosylated leptin-based peptidomimetic E1/6-amino-hexanoic acid (Aca) was designed to target a principal leptin/ObR-binding interface. Estrone 65-67 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 20415687-9 2010 RESULTS: The 12-residue glycosylated leptin-based peptidomimetic E1/6-amino-hexanoic acid (Aca) was designed to target a principal leptin/ObR-binding interface. Aminocaproic Acid 68-89 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 20415687-9 2010 RESULTS: The 12-residue glycosylated leptin-based peptidomimetic E1/6-amino-hexanoic acid (Aca) was designed to target a principal leptin/ObR-binding interface. Aminocaproic Acid 68-89 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 20415687-9 2010 RESULTS: The 12-residue glycosylated leptin-based peptidomimetic E1/6-amino-hexanoic acid (Aca) was designed to target a principal leptin/ObR-binding interface. 4-amylcinnamoylanthranilic acid 91-94 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 20415687-9 2010 RESULTS: The 12-residue glycosylated leptin-based peptidomimetic E1/6-amino-hexanoic acid (Aca) was designed to target a principal leptin/ObR-binding interface. 4-amylcinnamoylanthranilic acid 91-94 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 20049675-0 2010 Estradiol supplementation helps overcome central leptin resistance of ovariectomized mice on a high fat diet. Estradiol 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 20049675-6 2010 Finally, leptin or saline was injected into the third ventricle, and food intake and body weight were measured for 36 h. In ovariectomized mice fed a standard diet, the decrease in food intake and body weight was significant and was pronounced in 17beta-estradiol-3-benzoate-supplemented mice. estradiol 3-benzoate 247-274 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 20049675-8 2010 We showed for the first time that central insensitivity to leptin in ovariectomized diet-induced obese mice was restored with 17beta-estradiol-3-benzoate supplementation, which also attenuated most of the parameters of metabolic syndrome. estradiol 3-benzoate 126-153 leptin Mus musculus 59-65 19914226-7 2010 Interestingly, the most pronounced suppression of development of preneoplastic lesions and their proliferation were observed in the quercetin-fed group, in which the serum leptin level was lowered. Quercetin 132-141 leptin Mus musculus 172-178 19914226-8 2010 Furthermore, quercetin-feeding decreased leptin mRNA expression and secretion in differentiated 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes. Quercetin 13-22 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 20107083-4 2010 The TRPC channel blockers SKF96365 (1-[beta-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy]-4-methoxyphenethyl]-1H-imidazole hydrochloride), flufenamic acid, and 2-APB (2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate) potently inhibited the leptin-induced current. 1-[beta-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy]-4-methoxyphenethyl]-1h-imidazole hydrochloride 36-119 leptin Mus musculus 204-210 20072791-8 2010 CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that DSS colitis causes delay in puberty in sexually immature mice beyond what would be expected from decreases in weight and leptin levels. dss 30-33 leptin Mus musculus 151-157 20360640-5 2010 RESULTS: SH2B1 dramatically enhanced the leptin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and IRS2 in HEK293 cells stably expressing LRb (HEK239(LRb)). Tyrosine 59-67 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 20150611-7 2010 Alcohol consumption increased the circulating estrogen and leptin levels. Alcohols 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 59-65 19931517-2 2010 We previously demonstrated that serum leptin levels are profoundly increased in mice which received azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) as tumor-initiator and -promoter, respectively, in a colon carcinogenesis model. Azoxymethane 100-112 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 19931517-2 2010 We previously demonstrated that serum leptin levels are profoundly increased in mice which received azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) as tumor-initiator and -promoter, respectively, in a colon carcinogenesis model. Azoxymethane 114-117 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 19931517-2 2010 We previously demonstrated that serum leptin levels are profoundly increased in mice which received azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) as tumor-initiator and -promoter, respectively, in a colon carcinogenesis model. Dextran Sulfate 123-145 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 19931517-2 2010 We previously demonstrated that serum leptin levels are profoundly increased in mice which received azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) as tumor-initiator and -promoter, respectively, in a colon carcinogenesis model. Dextran Sulfate 147-150 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 19931517-7 2010 In addition, leptin protein production in epididymal fat pad with AOM/DSS-treated mice was 4.7-fold higher than that of control. Dextran Sulfate 70-73 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 20107083-5 2010 Also, lanthanum (La(3+)) and intracellular Ca(2+) potentiated the effects of leptin. Lanthanum 6-15 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 20107083-5 2010 Also, lanthanum (La(3+)) and intracellular Ca(2+) potentiated the effects of leptin. lanthanum(3+) 17-23 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 20107083-7 2010 Using a Cs(+)-gluconate-based internal solution, the leptin-activated current reversed near -20 mV. Cesium 8-10 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 20107083-7 2010 Using a Cs(+)-gluconate-based internal solution, the leptin-activated current reversed near -20 mV. gluconic acid 10-23 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 20107083-10 2010 The leptin-induced current was blocked by the Jak2 inhibitor AG490, the PI3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin, and the phospholipase C inhibitors, U73122 and ET-18-OCH3. alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide 61-66 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 20107083-10 2010 The leptin-induced current was blocked by the Jak2 inhibitor AG490, the PI3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin, and the phospholipase C inhibitors, U73122 and ET-18-OCH3. Wortmannin 93-103 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 20107083-10 2010 The leptin-induced current was blocked by the Jak2 inhibitor AG490, the PI3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin, and the phospholipase C inhibitors, U73122 and ET-18-OCH3. 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione 141-147 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 20107083-10 2010 The leptin-induced current was blocked by the Jak2 inhibitor AG490, the PI3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin, and the phospholipase C inhibitors, U73122 and ET-18-OCH3. edelfosine 152-162 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 20150611-8 2010 In conclusion, alcohol and estrogen treatment can modify mammary tumor growth, possibly through the regulation of estrogen and leptin, especially in obese mice. Alcohols 15-22 leptin Mus musculus 127-133 20157255-0 2010 Leptin reduces the accumulation of Abeta and phosphorylated tau induced by 27-hydroxycholesterol in rabbit organotypic slices. uridine triacetate 60-63 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 19472101-6 2010 The immunohistochemical staining showed the increases in positive stains for the leptin in the region of hypothalamus of the HFD mice with either Tat-leptin or leptin as compared to saline group, but the staining intensity and frequency in the group with Tat-leptin were stronger and higher than those in the group with leptin. Sodium Chloride 182-188 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 20157255-0 2010 Leptin reduces the accumulation of Abeta and phosphorylated tau induced by 27-hydroxycholesterol in rabbit organotypic slices. 27-hydroxycholesterol 75-96 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 20308782-5 2010 In addition, leptin-treated TgCRND8 mice had significantly lower levels of phosphorylated tau, as detected by AT8 and anti-tau-Ser{396} antibodies. uridine triacetate 90-93 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 20157255-5 2010 However, the involvement of leptin signaling in cholesterol and cholesterol metabolites-induced Abeta accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation are yet to be examined. Cholesterol 48-59 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 20308782-5 2010 In addition, leptin-treated TgCRND8 mice had significantly lower levels of phosphorylated tau, as detected by AT8 and anti-tau-Ser{396} antibodies. uridine triacetate 123-126 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 20308782-5 2010 In addition, leptin-treated TgCRND8 mice had significantly lower levels of phosphorylated tau, as detected by AT8 and anti-tau-Ser{396} antibodies. Serine 127-130 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 20157255-5 2010 However, the involvement of leptin signaling in cholesterol and cholesterol metabolites-induced Abeta accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation are yet to be examined. Cholesterol 64-75 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 20671928-5 2010 Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, markers of oxidative stress, were higher in serum (P < .01) and gastrocnemius (P = .05) of control ob/ob than in wild type mice and were significantly decreased (P < .01) by leptin treatment. Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances 0-39 leptin Mus musculus 221-227 19793594-7 2010 Telmisartan abolished weight and fat gain in vehicle- and pioglitazone-treated mice while decreasing food intake, the hypothalamic expression of the agouti-related protein, and plasma leptin levels. Telmisartan 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 184-190 21403905-4 2010 We demonstrated that serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and leptin were remarkably reduced with apocynin treatment. acetovanillone 140-148 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 19752162-0 2009 Distinct effects of leptin and a melanocortin receptor agonist injected into medial hypothalamic nuclei on glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. Glucose 107-114 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 20865375-2 2010 Recent studies demonstrated that sweet taste responses can be modulated by leptin and endocannabinoids [anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol]. anandamide 104-114 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 20865375-2 2010 Recent studies demonstrated that sweet taste responses can be modulated by leptin and endocannabinoids [anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol]. aea 116-142 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 20865375-2 2010 Recent studies demonstrated that sweet taste responses can be modulated by leptin and endocannabinoids [anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol]. glyceryl 2-arachidonate 148-171 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 20865375-6 2010 In the peripheral taste system, endocannabinoids also oppose the action of leptin and enhance sweet taste sensitivities in wild-type mice but not in mice genetically lacking CB(1) receptors. Endocannabinoids 32-48 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 20009219-5 2009 In addition, leptin-treated TgCRND8 mice had significantly lower levels of phosphorylated tau, as detected by AT8 and anti-tau-Ser{396} antibodies. Serine 127-130 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 20009219-8 2009 Leptin-treated TgCRND8 animals significantly outperformed saline-treated littermates in these behavioral tests. Sodium Chloride 58-64 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 20015831-0 2009 Effects of melatonin administration on plasma leptin concentration and adipose tissue leptin secretion in mice. Melatonin 11-20 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 20015831-0 2009 Effects of melatonin administration on plasma leptin concentration and adipose tissue leptin secretion in mice. Melatonin 11-20 leptin Mus musculus 86-92 20015831-3 2009 In addition, melatonin has been shown to be capable of influencing circulating leptin concentration. Melatonin 13-22 leptin Mus musculus 79-85 20015831-4 2009 However, whether melatonin will increase or decrease leptin production is still uncertain. Melatonin 17-26 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 20015831-5 2009 This study was undertaken to examine the effect of melatonin on leptin production using male C57BL/6 adult mice treated with or without daily melatonin supplements (10 mug/mL) in drinking water for 1 month. Melatonin 51-60 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 20015831-7 2009 The results showed that melatonin-supplemented mice had significantly higher plasma leptin levels than control mice. Melatonin 24-33 leptin Mus musculus 84-90 19752162-1 2009 OBJECTIVE: The medial hypothalamus mediates leptin-induced glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, and brain melanocortin receptors (MCRs) mediate certain central effects of leptin. Glucose 59-66 leptin Mus musculus 44-50 19752162-3 2009 We examined the effects of an injection of leptin and the MCR agonist MT-II into medial hypothalamic nuclei on glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. Glucose 111-118 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 19752162-7 2009 RESULTS: Leptin injection into the VMH increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and heart, whereas that into the ARC increased glucose uptake in BAT, and that into the DMH or PVH had no effect. Glucose 49-56 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 19752162-10 2009 CONCLUSIONS: The VMH mediates leptin- and MT-II-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, BAT, and heart. Glucose 56-63 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 19752162-12 2009 The leptin receptor in the ARC and MCR in the PVH regulate glucose uptake in BAT. Glucose 59-66 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 19752162-13 2009 Medial hypothalamic nuclei thus play distinct roles in leptin- and MT-II-induced glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. Glucose 81-88 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 19619509-3 2009 Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(-/-) developed elevated blood glucose levels and reduced plasma insulin levels compared with Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(+/+) in a fed state, while the deficiency of HSL did not affect glucose homeostasis in Lep(+/+) background. Glucose 45-52 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 19842104-5 2009 Plasma leptin level was significantly lower in the fucoxanthin groups than in the control group, while the adiponectin level was elevated. fucoxanthin 51-62 leptin Mus musculus 7-13 20157577-5 2009 Recent mouse genetic, electrophysiological and neuroanatomical studies provide evidence that leptin inhibits appetite and bone mass accrual through a two-step pathway: it decreases synthesis and the release by brainstem neurons of serotonin that in turn targets hypothalamic neurons to regulate appetite and bone mass accrual. Serotonin 231-240 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 19524014-3 2009 We found that leptin increased Sam68 tyrosine-phosphorylation so decreasing its poly(U)-binding capacity. Tyrosine 37-45 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 19524014-3 2009 We found that leptin increased Sam68 tyrosine-phosphorylation so decreasing its poly(U)-binding capacity. Poly U 80-87 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 19524014-7 2009 We did not observe any changes in Sam68 Ser/Thr phosphorylation but using the specific MEK1 inhibitor PD-98059 showed that leptin-mediated ERK activation is essential for leptin"s effect on OB-Rb mRNA expression. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 102-110 leptin Mus musculus 123-129 19524014-7 2009 We did not observe any changes in Sam68 Ser/Thr phosphorylation but using the specific MEK1 inhibitor PD-98059 showed that leptin-mediated ERK activation is essential for leptin"s effect on OB-Rb mRNA expression. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 102-110 leptin Mus musculus 171-177 19694726-2 2009 Here, we determined the effect of chronic treatment with the renin inhibitor, aliskiren, in a model of diet-induced obesity in mice, on: (i) body weight, adipose tissue weight and plasma leptin; (ii) food intake and caloric efficiency; and (iii) angiotensin II (Ang II) in adipose tissue. aliskiren 78-87 leptin Mus musculus 187-193 18926687-0 2009 Identification of a novel agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma that may contribute to the anti-diabetic activity of guggulipid in Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice. guggulu extract 150-160 leptin Mus musculus 164-167 18926687-0 2009 Identification of a novel agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma that may contribute to the anti-diabetic activity of guggulipid in Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice. guggulu extract 150-160 leptin Mus musculus 172-175 18926687-7 2009 Guggulipid (20 g/kg diet) improved glucose tolerance in female Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice. guggulu extract 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 63-66 18926687-7 2009 Guggulipid (20 g/kg diet) improved glucose tolerance in female Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice. guggulu extract 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 71-74 19543218-6 2009 Furthermore, ICV or intra-hypothalamic administration of TG inhibited the anorexigenic and weight-reducing effects of leptin and insulin. Thapsigargin 57-59 leptin Mus musculus 118-124 19543218-9 2009 Furthermore, treatment of chemical chaperone 4-phenyl butylic acid significantly improved central leptin resistance in DIO mice. 4-phenyl butylic acid 45-66 leptin Mus musculus 98-104 19619509-3 2009 Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(-/-) developed elevated blood glucose levels and reduced plasma insulin levels compared with Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(+/+) in a fed state, while the deficiency of HSL did not affect glucose homeostasis in Lep(+/+) background. Glucose 187-194 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 19619509-4 2009 The deficiency of HSL exacerbated the accumulation of triglycerides in Lep(ob/ob) islets, leading to reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Triglycerides 54-67 leptin Mus musculus 71-74 19619509-4 2009 The deficiency of HSL exacerbated the accumulation of triglycerides in Lep(ob/ob) islets, leading to reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Glucose 109-116 leptin Mus musculus 71-74 19727392-10 2009 Furthermore, in the liver and WAT of wild type animals, intraperitoneal leptin administration was able to directly suppress the expression of these two lipogenic enzymes, accompanied by reduced triglyceride levels both in the liver and serum. Triglycerides 194-206 leptin Mus musculus 72-78 19745015-7 2009 Also, the two TYJWT groups had lower serum levels of leptin compared to the control group, and the ghrelin levels were proportionately increased by the dosage of TYJWT given. tyjwt 14-19 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 19598077-0 2009 In vivo knockdown of p85alpha with an antisense oligonucleotide improves insulin sensitivity in Lep(ob/ob) and diet-induced obese mice. Oligonucleotides 48-63 leptin Mus musculus 96-99 19598077-6 2009 IN VIVO administration of antisense oligonucleotide resulted in 50 and 60% knockdown of liver p85alpha protein and mRNA, respectively, in the lean, diet-induced obese and Lep (ob/ob) mice. Oligonucleotides 36-51 leptin Mus musculus 171-174 19622746-5 2009 In addition to reduced hepatic metabolism, there was reduced long chain fatty acid production and a 2.5-fold increase in hepatic lipid export, both of which explain the reduced steatosis in leptin-treated animals. long chain fatty acid 61-82 leptin Mus musculus 190-196 19380255-8 2009 Leptin replacement in obese mice restored the analgesic effect of PRF neostigmine to the level displayed by B6 mice. Neostigmine 70-81 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 19409880-5 2009 Pretreatment with AG490 (100 microM), a janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitor, significantly suppressed leptin-induced pSTAT3 increases and the up-regulation of CCLs mRNA expression. alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide 18-23 leptin Mus musculus 98-104 19394382-1 2009 The adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin controls feeding behavior, augments fatty acid beta-oxidation in the skeletal muscle, attenuates insulin secretion but enhances whole body insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal, thereby serving as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Fatty Acids 74-84 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 19394382-1 2009 The adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin controls feeding behavior, augments fatty acid beta-oxidation in the skeletal muscle, attenuates insulin secretion but enhances whole body insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal, thereby serving as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Glucose 201-208 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 19254925-0 2009 Simvastatin suppresses leptin expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via activation of the cyclic AMP-PKA pathway induced by inhibition of protein prenylation. Simvastatin 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 19254925-0 2009 Simvastatin suppresses leptin expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via activation of the cyclic AMP-PKA pathway induced by inhibition of protein prenylation. Cyclic AMP 84-94 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 19254925-2 2009 We demonstrated that simvastatin at 1 microM markedly inhibited adipocyte differentiation measured by Oil Red O staining in preadipocyte cells (3T3-L1), while expression of leptin, a marker of adipocyte differentiation, was suppressed by 1 muM simvastatin for up to 12 days of culture. Simvastatin 21-32 leptin Mus musculus 173-179 19254925-3 2009 Next, to elucidate mechanisms underlying the reduction of leptin expression induced by simvastatin, differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with various inhibitors with mevalonate or its metabolite in the presence or absence of simvastatin. Simvastatin 87-98 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 19254925-4 2009 Simvastatin time- and dose-dependently suppressed leptin mRNA expression. Simvastatin 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 19254925-5 2009 Heterogeneous nuclear RNA related to leptin mRNA was inhibited by 10 muM simvastatin, while stability of the mRNA was not changed by treatment with simvastatin in transcription-arrested 3T3-L1 cells. Simvastatin 73-84 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 19254925-6 2009 Simvastatin inhibition of leptin gene transcription was not abrogated by pre-treatment with cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis. Simvastatin 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 19254925-7 2009 Addition of mevalonate or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), a mevalonate metabolite, abolished simvastatin-induced inhibition of leptin expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Mevalonic Acid 12-22 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 19254925-7 2009 Addition of mevalonate or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), a mevalonate metabolite, abolished simvastatin-induced inhibition of leptin expression in 3T3-L1 cells. geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate 26-54 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 19254925-7 2009 Addition of mevalonate or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), a mevalonate metabolite, abolished simvastatin-induced inhibition of leptin expression in 3T3-L1 cells. geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate 56-60 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 19254925-7 2009 Addition of mevalonate or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), a mevalonate metabolite, abolished simvastatin-induced inhibition of leptin expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Simvastatin 98-109 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 19254925-10 2009 Treatment with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin, reduced leptin expression in 3T3-L1 cells. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 64-72 leptin Mus musculus 97-103 19254925-10 2009 Treatment with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin, reduced leptin expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Wortmannin 77-87 leptin Mus musculus 97-103 19254925-13 2009 H89, an inhibitor of PKA, completely abolished simvastatin-induced suppression of leptin expression. Simvastatin 47-58 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 19023096-7 2009 RESULTS: Leptin treatment activated the nuclear translocation of nuclear transcription factors kappaB dimers containing the c-Rel subunit, induced the expression of the antiapoptotic c-Rel target gene Bcl-xL in both control and oxygen-glucose deprivation conditions, and counteracted the oxygen-glucose deprivation-mediated apoptotic death of cultured cortical neurons. oxygen-glucose 228-242 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 19408668-0 2009 [Effect of konjac polysaccharide on levels of leptin and Na+ -K+-ATPase of mice treated with high fat]. konjac polysaccharide 11-32 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 19408668-1 2009 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of konjac polysaccharide on serum leptin and intestinal mucosa Na+ -K+-ATPase activity of mice treated with high fat. konjac polysaccharide 40-61 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 19408668-7 2009 At the 20th day, concentrations of serum leptin and Na+ -K-ATPase activities of high-fat control group were (1078.5 +/- 61.69) pg/ml and (16.2 +/- 1.48) micromol Pi/(mg pro x h), those of high dose konjac polysaccharide combining high fat group were (820.5 +/- 58.52) pg/ml and (11.2 +/- 1.10) micromol Pi/(mg pro x h). konjac polysaccharide 198-219 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 19408668-9 2009 CONCLUSION: Konjac polysaccharide could decrease level of body weight, postprandial blood glucose, serum leptin and intestinal mucosa Na -K+-ATPase activity of mice treated with high fat. konjac polysaccharide 12-33 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 19103304-5 2009 Leptin increased lipid oxidation in myotubes in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with significant induction of lipid oxidation occurring after 6 h. Actinomycin D completely blocked leptin-induced lipid oxidation. Dactinomycin 159-172 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 19103304-5 2009 Leptin increased lipid oxidation in myotubes in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with significant induction of lipid oxidation occurring after 6 h. Actinomycin D completely blocked leptin-induced lipid oxidation. Dactinomycin 159-172 leptin Mus musculus 192-198 19289493-7 2009 Restoring leptin levels was sufficient to restore normal blood glucose and insulin levels in Akt1(+/-) Akt2(-/-) and Akt2(-/-) mice, suggesting that leptin-deficiency is the predominant cause of diabetes in these mice. Glucose 63-70 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 19428774-6 2009 In marked contrast, injection of rAAV-lep to raise hypothalamic leptin levels, rescued the STZ-pretreated mice from early mortality, gradually curbed hyperphagia to normalize intake by week 20, and maintained BW at significantly lower than the control range. Streptozocin 91-94 leptin Mus musculus 38-41 19169663-9 2009 Leptin also decreased liver and skeletal muscle triacylglycerol content accompanied by an increase of alpha2 AMPK activity in skeletal muscle. Triglycerides 48-63 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 19169663-10 2009 Pair-feeding experiments demonstrated that leptin improved glucose and lipid metabolism independently of the food intake reduction. Glucose 59-66 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 19144638-2 2009 We previously reported that acute leptin treatment enhances the absorption of di- and tripeptides via the proton-dependent PepT1 transporter. di- and tripeptides 78-97 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 19023096-8 2009 Leptin-mediated Bcl-xL induction and neuroprotection against oxygen-glucose deprivation were hampered in cortical neurons from c-Rel(-/-) mice. oxygen-glucose 61-75 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 18834922-0 2009 Leptin increases L-type Ca2+ channel expression and GnRH-stimulated LH release in LbetaT2 gonadotropes. Luteinizing Hormone 68-70 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 19117545-5 2009 Moreover, we show that chemical chaperones, 4-phenyl butyric acid (PBA), and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), which have the ability to decrease ER stress, act as leptin-sensitizing agents. 4-phenylbutyric acid 44-65 leptin Mus musculus 165-171 19117545-5 2009 Moreover, we show that chemical chaperones, 4-phenyl butyric acid (PBA), and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), which have the ability to decrease ER stress, act as leptin-sensitizing agents. 4-phenylbutyric acid 67-70 leptin Mus musculus 165-171 19117545-5 2009 Moreover, we show that chemical chaperones, 4-phenyl butyric acid (PBA), and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), which have the ability to decrease ER stress, act as leptin-sensitizing agents. ursodoxicoltaurine 77-102 leptin Mus musculus 165-171 19117545-5 2009 Moreover, we show that chemical chaperones, 4-phenyl butyric acid (PBA), and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), which have the ability to decrease ER stress, act as leptin-sensitizing agents. ursodoxicoltaurine 104-109 leptin Mus musculus 165-171 19015522-0 2008 Tyrosine-dependent and -independent actions of leptin receptor in control of energy balance and glucose homeostasis. Tyrosine 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 19305508-4 2009 Leptin-deficient obese (Lep(Ob)) mice were fed AMP-DNM and its effects on insulin signalling, adipogenesis and inflammation were monitored in fat tissue. N-(5-adamantane-1-yl-methoxy-pentyl)deoxynojirimycin 47-54 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 19305508-5 2009 We show that reduction of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis in adipose tissue of Lep(Ob) mice restores insulin signalling in isolated ex vivo insulin-stimulated adipocytes. Glycosphingolipids 26-43 leptin Mus musculus 78-81 18815209-11 2008 Presence of PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) or MC3/4R antagonist (SHU9119) significantly attenuated the renal SNA response to leptin in DIO and agouti obese mice. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 28-36 leptin Mus musculus 120-126 19015522-1 2008 Leptin regulates energy balance and glucose metabolism by activation of multiple signaling cascades mediated by the long-form leptin receptor Ob-Rb. Glucose 36-43 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 19015522-1 2008 Leptin regulates energy balance and glucose metabolism by activation of multiple signaling cascades mediated by the long-form leptin receptor Ob-Rb. Glucose 36-43 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 19015522-3 2008 Here, we generated 2 knockin lines of mice expressing mutant leptin receptors with phenylalanine substitution for all 3 tyrosines (Y123F) or for Tyr(1138) alone (Y3F). Phenylalanine 83-96 leptin Mus musculus 61-67 19015522-3 2008 Here, we generated 2 knockin lines of mice expressing mutant leptin receptors with phenylalanine substitution for all 3 tyrosines (Y123F) or for Tyr(1138) alone (Y3F). Tyrosine 120-129 leptin Mus musculus 61-67 19020034-8 2008 Pathway analysis identified oxidative phosphorylation, in particular, genes encoding complex 1 proteins that play a role in ubiquinone biosynthesis, to be the predominant gene set that was significantly regulated in a leptin-dependent manner. Ubiquinone 124-134 leptin Mus musculus 218-224 18790715-0 2008 Leptin inhibits rosiglitazone-induced adipogenesis in murine primary adipocytes. Rosiglitazone 16-29 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 18790715-3 2008 In this study, the effects of leptin on rosiglitazone-induced adipocyte differentiation were investigated in the primary preadipocytes prepared from subcutaneous fat tissues of C57BL/6-Lep(ob/ob) mouse. Rosiglitazone 40-53 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 18790715-4 2008 We found that acute and prolonged treatment of leptin on preadipocytes inhibited the rosiglitazone-induced transcription factor expression and adipocyte differentiation, respectively, accompanied with decreased expression of PPARgamma and aP2. Rosiglitazone 85-98 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 18790715-5 2008 Either PD98059, an ERK inhibitor or fludarabine, a STAT1 inhibitor restored leptin-inhibited PPARgamma expression and subsequent lipid accumulation, but inhibitors for PI-3K (LY294002) and for STAT3 (piceatannol) did not. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 7-14 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 18790715-5 2008 Either PD98059, an ERK inhibitor or fludarabine, a STAT1 inhibitor restored leptin-inhibited PPARgamma expression and subsequent lipid accumulation, but inhibitors for PI-3K (LY294002) and for STAT3 (piceatannol) did not. fludarabine 36-47 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 18790715-5 2008 Either PD98059, an ERK inhibitor or fludarabine, a STAT1 inhibitor restored leptin-inhibited PPARgamma expression and subsequent lipid accumulation, but inhibitors for PI-3K (LY294002) and for STAT3 (piceatannol) did not. 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene 200-211 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 18790715-6 2008 Furthermore, leptin decreased PPARgamma expression also in fully differentiated adipocytes, which was reversed by either PD98059 or fludarabine. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 121-128 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 18790715-6 2008 Furthermore, leptin decreased PPARgamma expression also in fully differentiated adipocytes, which was reversed by either PD98059 or fludarabine. fludarabine 132-143 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 18790715-7 2008 Taken together, these data suggest that leptin has a direct inhibitory effect on the rosiglitazone-induced adipocyte differentiation and PPARgamma expression, in which ERK1/2 MAP kinase and JAK/STAT1 signaling pathways are involved. Rosiglitazone 85-98 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 18240295-10 2008 injection with 1 mg/kg recombinant mouse leptin, exhibited significantly reduced p44/42 pMAPK compared to saline-treated controls. Sodium Chloride 106-112 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 18635658-9 2008 Leptin had additional centrally mediated effects to increase the expression of a limited number of genes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. Fatty Acids 120-130 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 19080239-9 2008 Both the mRNA expressions of adiponectin and leptin upregulated (P < 0.05) in the PGZ group, but their expressions in the BVT.2733 group did not alter significantly. Pioglitazone 85-88 leptin Mus musculus 45-51 18455249-1 2008 We have previously shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116 and 122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Glu-Thr). Amides 66-71 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 18455249-1 2008 We have previously shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116 and 122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Glu-Thr). Serine 239-242 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 18455249-1 2008 We have previously shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116 and 122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Glu-Thr). Cysteine 243-246 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 18455249-1 2008 We have previously shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116 and 122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Glu-Thr). Leucine 251-254 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 18455249-1 2008 We have previously shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116 and 122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Glu-Thr). Glutamic Acid 259-262 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 18455249-1 2008 We have previously shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116 and 122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Glu-Thr). Threonine 263-266 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 18689498-5 2008 However, a 12-h exposure of HUVEC to leptin increased eNOS expression and CaI-stimulated NO (625+/-30 vs. 500+/-24 nmol/l control) and dramatically increased cytotoxic O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) levels. onoo 180-184 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 18689498-6 2008 The [NO]-to-[ONOO(-)] ratio ([NO]/[ONOO(-)]) decreased from 2.0+/-0.1 in normal to 1.30+/-0.1 in leptin-induced dysfunctional endothelium. onoo(-) 13-20 leptin Mus musculus 97-103 18689498-6 2008 The [NO]-to-[ONOO(-)] ratio ([NO]/[ONOO(-)]) decreased from 2.0+/-0.1 in normal to 1.30+/-0.1 in leptin-induced dysfunctional endothelium. onoo(-) 35-42 leptin Mus musculus 97-103 18689498-7 2008 In obese mice, a 2.5-fold increase in leptin concentration coincided with 100% increase in eNOS and about 30% decrease in intracellular L-arginine. Arginine 136-146 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 18689498-10 2008 In obesity, leptin increases eNOS expression and decreases intracellular l-arginine, resulting in eNOS an uncoupling and depletion of endothelial NO and an increase of cytotoxic ONOO(-). Arginine 73-83 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 18689498-10 2008 In obesity, leptin increases eNOS expression and decreases intracellular l-arginine, resulting in eNOS an uncoupling and depletion of endothelial NO and an increase of cytotoxic ONOO(-). onoo 178-182 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 18583419-6 2008 Second, we observe that ob/ob mice treated with low-dose leptin peripherally but not centrally exhibit increased thymocyte cellularity in the absence of any weight loss or significant reduction in systemic corticosterone levels. Corticosterone 206-220 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 19186330-12 2008 Thus, BAIBA could limit triglyceride accretion in tissues through a leptin-dependent stimulation of FAO. Triglycerides 24-36 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 18481331-0 2008 Dietary docosahexaenoic acid-rich diacylglycerols ameliorate hepatic steatosis and alter hepatic gene expressions in C57BL/6J-Lep(ob/ob) mice. Docosahexaenoic Acids 8-28 leptin Mus musculus 126-129 18480494-3 2008 In the present study, we found that mice lacking both leptin and HSL (Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(-/-)) showed massive accumulation of CE in the liver compared with Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(+/+) mice, while triacylglycerol (TG) accumulation was modest. Triglycerides 184-199 leptin Mus musculus 70-73 18480494-3 2008 In the present study, we found that mice lacking both leptin and HSL (Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(-/-)) showed massive accumulation of CE in the liver compared with Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(+/+) mice, while triacylglycerol (TG) accumulation was modest. Triglycerides 201-203 leptin Mus musculus 70-73 18481331-0 2008 Dietary docosahexaenoic acid-rich diacylglycerols ameliorate hepatic steatosis and alter hepatic gene expressions in C57BL/6J-Lep(ob/ob) mice. rich diacylglycerols 29-49 leptin Mus musculus 126-129 18654634-2 2008 The interval was refined to 1.8 Mb in a series of B6.DBA congenic/subcongenic lines also segregating for Lep(ob). 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene 53-56 leptin Mus musculus 105-108 18550292-6 2008 Specifically, leptin protects dopaminergic midbrain neurons from the apoptotic stimuli, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Oxidopamine 132-149 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 18550292-6 2008 Specifically, leptin protects dopaminergic midbrain neurons from the apoptotic stimuli, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Oxidopamine 151-157 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 17909097-8 2008 Furthermore, oral administration of metformin increased SHP mRNA levels in B6-Lep(ob/ob) mice. Metformin 36-45 leptin Mus musculus 78-81 18283283-7 2008 CONCLUSION: The stimulatory effects of leptin on oxygen consumption, BAT UCP1 and D2 expression require functional beta-adrenoceptors, but its inhibitory effect on food intake and its stimulatory effect on fat utilization is independent of the beta-adrenoceptor signalling. Oxygen 49-55 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 18414479-4 2008 These cells expressed and released leptin in a mifepristone dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Mifepristone 47-59 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 18414479-6 2008 In ob/ob mice, leptin delivery by this method caused a significant reduction in food intake and profound weight loss, which was controllable by adjusting the dose of mifepristone. Mifepristone 166-178 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 18375960-7 2008 The serum leptin level in AOM/DSS-treated mice was six times higher than that in untreated mice, whereas there were no significant differences in the levels of triglycerides, adiponectin and interleukin-6. Dextran Sulfate 30-33 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 18375960-8 2008 Feeding with NOB abolished colonic malignancy and notably decreased the serum leptin level by 75%. nobiletin 13-16 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 18348717-6 2008 RESULTS: The results indicate that leptin infusion can attenuate hepatic steatosis and hyperinsulinemia through the reduction of hepatic triglyceride synthesis and the improvement of insulin sensitivity in diet-induced lipodystrophy model mice. Triglycerides 137-149 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 18048492-8 2008 We next tested whether both PI3K and STAT3 pathways of leptin signaling were impaired during the early period of DIO. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 113-116 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 18308222-2 2008 Obese, leptin-deficient (Lep(ob)) mice have large gallbladder volumes with decreased contraction in vitro and are predisposed to cholesterol crystal formation. Cholesterol 129-140 leptin Mus musculus 25-28 17643264-6 2007 By contrast, consumption of an LFD (i.e., high carbohydrate) increased hypothalamic AgRP and suppressed adipose leptin, which is consistent with the notion that leptin could regulate AgRP centrally. Carbohydrates 47-59 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 17487223-0 2008 Increased leptin permeation across the blood-brain barrier after chronic alcohol ingestion. Alcohols 73-80 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 17487223-4 2008 BBB permeability to albumin, the increased permeation of which indicates BBB disruption, as well as to leptin was measured after alcohol ingestion. Alcohols 129-136 leptin Mus musculus 103-109 17487223-6 2008 Alcohol ingestion resulted in increased blood-alcohol levels, decreased blood-leptin concentrations, and increased permeation of radioactively labeled leptin across the BBB as shown by in situ perfusion. Alcohols 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 17487223-6 2008 Alcohol ingestion resulted in increased blood-alcohol levels, decreased blood-leptin concentrations, and increased permeation of radioactively labeled leptin across the BBB as shown by in situ perfusion. Alcohols 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 151-157 18039669-6 2008 We demonstrated that leptin-induced macrophage activation was dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activity, since the lipid body formation was inhibited by LY294002 and was absent in the PI3K knock-out mice. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 170-178 leptin Mus musculus 21-27 17993459-5 2008 The neuroprotective effect of leptin is antagonized by the JAK2-STAT3 inhibitor AG-490, STAT3 decoy DNA, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt inhibitors but not by an inhibitor of MAPK. alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide 80-86 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 17906221-0 2008 Conjugated linoleic acid fails to worsen insulin resistance but induces hepatic steatosis in the presence of leptin in ob/ob mice. Linoleic Acid 11-24 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 17906221-1 2008 Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induces insulin resistance preceded by rapid depletion of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin, increased inflammation, and hepatic steatosis in mice. Linoleic Acid 11-24 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 17906221-1 2008 Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induces insulin resistance preceded by rapid depletion of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin, increased inflammation, and hepatic steatosis in mice. Linoleic Acids, Conjugated 26-29 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 17906221-6 2008 In the presence of leptin, CLA depleted adiponectin but did not induce insulin resistance or macrophage infiltration. Linoleic Acids, Conjugated 27-30 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 17906221-9 2008 In the presence of leptin, CLA failed to worsen insulin resistance but induced hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice. Linoleic Acids, Conjugated 27-30 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 18081560-2 2008 Since leptin can affect glucose metabolism, it is conceivable that a lack of leptin signal transduction contributes to insulin resistance. Glucose 24-31 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 18081560-4 2008 In the present study, we aimed: (i) to determine the relative contributions of lack of leptin signal transduction and adiposity to insulin resistance and (ii) to establish the impact of central leptin action on glucose metabolism. Glucose 211-218 leptin Mus musculus 194-200 18081560-15 2008 Diminution of central leptin signalling can critically affect glucose metabolism in these individuals. Glucose 62-69 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 18462615-0 2008 Leptin inhibits basal but not gonadotrophin-stimulated testosterone production in the immature mouse and sheep testis. Testosterone 55-67 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 18462615-1 2008 The mechanisms whereby leptin regulates testosterone secretion are complex and are likely to involve actions at different levels of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis. Testosterone 40-52 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 18462615-3 2008 Testosterone data from testicular slice and Leydig cells of immature and adult mice testes demonstrated that the action of leptin in the regulation of steroidogenesis appears to be dependent on the developmental stage of the testis. Testosterone 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 123-129 18462615-4 2008 Leptin biphasically modulates basal testosterone production in immature testicular slice cultures: at relatively low concentrations (6.25-12.5 ng mL(-1)) leptin exerts a significant inhibitory effect, but has less of an effect at very low (1.25 ng mL(-1)) or high concentrations (25 ng mL(-1)). Testosterone 36-48 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 18462615-4 2008 Leptin biphasically modulates basal testosterone production in immature testicular slice cultures: at relatively low concentrations (6.25-12.5 ng mL(-1)) leptin exerts a significant inhibitory effect, but has less of an effect at very low (1.25 ng mL(-1)) or high concentrations (25 ng mL(-1)). Testosterone 36-48 leptin Mus musculus 154-160 18462615-8 2008 Leptin (1.56-25 ng mL(-1)) significantly inhibited basal testosterone production in the testis from birth to Day 21, but had no effect on Day 27 or older testes. Testosterone 57-69 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 18462615-10 2008 This does not exclude the possibility of a non-competitive mechanism of interaction between leptin and luteinising hormone to regulate testosterone production. Testosterone 135-147 leptin Mus musculus 92-98 18462615-12 2008 The physiological significance and mechanism of leptin regulation of basal testosterone production are not known; further studies are required to elucidate these important issues. Testosterone 75-87 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 17895242-0 2007 Leptin protects against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced dopaminergic cell death via mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Oxidopamine 24-41 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17895242-2 2007 The present study showed that leptin, a centrally acting hormone secreted by adipocytes, rescued dopaminergic neurons, reversed behavioral asymmetry, and restored striatal catecholamine levels in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) mouse model of dopaminergic cell death. Catecholamines 172-185 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 17895242-2 2007 The present study showed that leptin, a centrally acting hormone secreted by adipocytes, rescued dopaminergic neurons, reversed behavioral asymmetry, and restored striatal catecholamine levels in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) mouse model of dopaminergic cell death. Oxidopamine 211-228 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 17895242-2 2007 The present study showed that leptin, a centrally acting hormone secreted by adipocytes, rescued dopaminergic neurons, reversed behavioral asymmetry, and restored striatal catecholamine levels in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) mouse model of dopaminergic cell death. Oxidopamine 230-236 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 17895242-3 2007 In vitro studies using the murine dopaminergic cell line MN9D showed that leptin attenuated 6-OHDA-induced apoptotic markers, including caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, and cytochrome c release. Oxidopamine 92-98 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 17895242-7 2007 Leptin induced a marked MEK-dependent increase in pCREB that was essential for neuroprotection following 6-OHDA toxicity. pcreb 50-55 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17895242-7 2007 Leptin induced a marked MEK-dependent increase in pCREB that was essential for neuroprotection following 6-OHDA toxicity. Oxidopamine 105-111 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17895242-9 2007 Moreover, in the substantia nigra of mice, leptin treatment increased the levels of pERK1/2, pCREB, and the downstream gene product BDNF, which were reversed by the MEK inhibitor PD98059. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 179-186 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 17895242-10 2007 Collectively, these data provide evidence that leptin prevents the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons by 6-OHDA and may prove useful in the treatment of Parkinson disease. Oxidopamine 107-113 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 17935739-5 2007 For this purpose, the amount of stable nitrite, the end product of NO generation by activated chondrocytes, has been evaluated by Griess colorimetric reaction in culture medium of human primary chondrocytes and in the murine ATDC5 cell line stimulated with leptin (400 nM) and interferon-gamma (1 ng/ml), alone or in combination. Nitrites 39-46 leptin Mus musculus 257-263 17935739-9 2007 Pre-treatment with Wortmannin, LY 294002, PD 098,059 and SB 203580 caused a significant decrease in nitrite production, NOS type II protein expression and NOS type II mRNA expression induced by leptin and interferon-gamma co-stimulation. Wortmannin 19-29 leptin Mus musculus 194-200 17935739-9 2007 Pre-treatment with Wortmannin, LY 294002, PD 098,059 and SB 203580 caused a significant decrease in nitrite production, NOS type II protein expression and NOS type II mRNA expression induced by leptin and interferon-gamma co-stimulation. Lysine 31-33 leptin Mus musculus 194-200 17935739-9 2007 Pre-treatment with Wortmannin, LY 294002, PD 098,059 and SB 203580 caused a significant decrease in nitrite production, NOS type II protein expression and NOS type II mRNA expression induced by leptin and interferon-gamma co-stimulation. SB 203580 57-66 leptin Mus musculus 194-200 17935739-9 2007 Pre-treatment with Wortmannin, LY 294002, PD 098,059 and SB 203580 caused a significant decrease in nitrite production, NOS type II protein expression and NOS type II mRNA expression induced by leptin and interferon-gamma co-stimulation. Nitrites 100-107 leptin Mus musculus 194-200 17487223-10 2008 Thus, partial disruption of the BBB and increased permeation of leptin in both CD1 and B6 mice were only induced by chronic alcohol ingestion. Alcohols 124-131 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 18097472-0 2008 Leptin inhibits 4-aminopyridine- and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures and AMPAR-mediated synaptic transmission in rodents. 4-Aminopyridine 16-31 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 18097472-0 2008 Leptin inhibits 4-aminopyridine- and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures and AMPAR-mediated synaptic transmission in rodents. Pentylenetetrazole 37-55 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 18097472-6 2008 In mice, intranasal administration of leptin produced elevated brain and serum leptin levels and delayed the onset of chemical convulsant pentylenetetrazole-induced generalized convulsive seizures. Pentylenetetrazole 138-156 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 18032600-3 2007 To address this issue we investigated the response of putative intermediates in the malonyl-CoA pathway to metabolic and endocrine cues, notably those provoked by glucose and leptin. Malonyl Coenzyme A 84-95 leptin Mus musculus 175-181 18032600-11 2007 Finally, we showed that leptin can increase hypothalamic malonyl-CoA and that the increase is additive with glucose administration. Glucose 108-115 leptin Mus musculus 24-30 17909895-0 2007 The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligand rosiglitazone modulates bronchoalveolar lavage levels of leptin, adiponectin, and inflammatory cytokines in lean and obese mice. Rosiglitazone 72-85 leptin Mus musculus 129-135 17909895-7 2007 Rosiglitazone treatment lowered leptin levels in lean mice, but increased leptin levels in BAL fluid of obese mice (p < 0.01). Rosiglitazone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 17909895-7 2007 Rosiglitazone treatment lowered leptin levels in lean mice, but increased leptin levels in BAL fluid of obese mice (p < 0.01). Rosiglitazone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 17643264-6 2007 By contrast, consumption of an LFD (i.e., high carbohydrate) increased hypothalamic AgRP and suppressed adipose leptin, which is consistent with the notion that leptin could regulate AgRP centrally. Carbohydrates 47-59 leptin Mus musculus 161-167 18220667-3 2007 Besides its well known effects on food intake and energy metabolism, leptin has been shown to regulate cardiovascular function, glucose and lipid metabolism. Glucose 128-135 leptin Mus musculus 69-75 17600230-0 2007 Neuroprotective effects of leptin against ischemic injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and transient cerebral ischemia. oxygen-glucose 69-83 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 17600230-7 2007 In vitro results showed that leptin, 50 to 100 mug/mL, protected primary cortical neurons against death induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation in a concentration-dependent manner. oxygen-glucose 115-129 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 17463181-4 2007 Therefore, we sought to determine whether leptin would alter the expression of genes involved in water and ion transport across the gallbladder epithelium. Water 97-102 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 17463181-6 2007 Leptin administration to Lep(ob) mice decreased gallbladder volume, bile sodium concentration, and pH. bile sodium 68-79 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17463181-6 2007 Leptin administration to Lep(ob) mice decreased gallbladder volume, bile sodium concentration, and pH. bile sodium 68-79 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 17463181-7 2007 Leptin repletion upregulated the expression of aquaporin 1 water channel by 1.3-fold and downregulated aquaporin 4 by 2.3-fold. Water 59-64 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17463181-8 2007 A number of genes involved in sodium transport were also influenced by leptin replacement. Sodium 30-36 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 17463181-12 2007 Thus leptin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine involved with satiety and energy balance, influences gallbladder bile volume, sodium, and pH as well as multiple inflammatory cytokine genes and genes related to water, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate transport. Sodium 121-127 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 17463181-12 2007 Thus leptin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine involved with satiety and energy balance, influences gallbladder bile volume, sodium, and pH as well as multiple inflammatory cytokine genes and genes related to water, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate transport. Water 205-210 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 17463181-12 2007 Thus leptin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine involved with satiety and energy balance, influences gallbladder bile volume, sodium, and pH as well as multiple inflammatory cytokine genes and genes related to water, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate transport. Sodium 212-218 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 17463181-12 2007 Thus leptin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine involved with satiety and energy balance, influences gallbladder bile volume, sodium, and pH as well as multiple inflammatory cytokine genes and genes related to water, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate transport. Chlorides 220-228 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 17463181-12 2007 Thus leptin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine involved with satiety and energy balance, influences gallbladder bile volume, sodium, and pH as well as multiple inflammatory cytokine genes and genes related to water, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate transport. Bicarbonates 234-245 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 17400175-4 2007 Elevated serum concentrations of calcium and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)] in untreated ob/ob mice showed sharp reduction with leptin administration (4 mg/kg, i.p. Calcium 33-40 leptin Mus musculus 143-149 17400175-4 2007 Elevated serum concentrations of calcium and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)] in untreated ob/ob mice showed sharp reduction with leptin administration (4 mg/kg, i.p. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 45-68 leptin Mus musculus 143-149 17484887-7 2007 The reduction in hepatic steatosis by ADRP ASO was associated with improvement in glucose homeostasis in both Lep(ob/ob) and DIO mice. Oligonucleotides, Antisense 43-46 leptin Mus musculus 110-113 17440173-0 2007 CD36-facilitated fatty acid uptake inhibits leptin production and signaling in adipose tissue. Fatty Acids 17-27 leptin Mus musculus 44-50 17440173-2 2007 In this study using in vivo and in vitro approaches, we examined the role of fatty acid uptake in modulating leptin expression and production. Fatty Acids 77-87 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 17440173-3 2007 Leptin levels are doubled in the CD36-null mouse, which has impaired cellular fatty acid uptake despite a 40% decrease in fat mass. Fatty Acids 78-88 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17440173-5 2007 Leptin secretion in the CD36-null mouse is strongly responsive to glucose intake, whereas a blunted response is observed in the wild-type mouse. Glucose 66-73 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17440173-6 2007 This indicates that leptin regulation integrates opposing influences from glucose and fatty acid and loss of fatty acid inhibition allows unsuppressed stimulation by glucose/insulin. Glucose 74-81 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 17440173-6 2007 This indicates that leptin regulation integrates opposing influences from glucose and fatty acid and loss of fatty acid inhibition allows unsuppressed stimulation by glucose/insulin. Fatty Acids 86-96 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 17440173-6 2007 This indicates that leptin regulation integrates opposing influences from glucose and fatty acid and loss of fatty acid inhibition allows unsuppressed stimulation by glucose/insulin. Glucose 166-173 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 17440173-7 2007 Fatty acid inhibition of basal and insulin-stimulated leptin release is linked to CD36-facilitated fatty acid flux, which is important for fatty acid activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and likely contributes to the nutrient sensing function of adipocytes. Fatty Acids 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 17440173-7 2007 Fatty acid inhibition of basal and insulin-stimulated leptin release is linked to CD36-facilitated fatty acid flux, which is important for fatty acid activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and likely contributes to the nutrient sensing function of adipocytes. Fatty Acids 99-109 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 17440173-7 2007 Fatty acid inhibition of basal and insulin-stimulated leptin release is linked to CD36-facilitated fatty acid flux, which is important for fatty acid activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and likely contributes to the nutrient sensing function of adipocytes. Fatty Acids 139-149 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 17440173-8 2007 Fatty acid uptake also may modulate adipocyte leptin signaling. Fatty Acids 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 17596451-5 2007 However, in the presence of forskolin or cocaine, the facilitation of the dopamine IPSC was significantly reduced in Lep(ob/ob) mice. Colforsin 28-37 leptin Mus musculus 117-120 17596451-5 2007 However, in the presence of forskolin or cocaine, the facilitation of the dopamine IPSC was significantly reduced in Lep(ob/ob) mice. Cocaine 41-48 leptin Mus musculus 117-120 17596451-5 2007 However, in the presence of forskolin or cocaine, the facilitation of the dopamine IPSC was significantly reduced in Lep(ob/ob) mice. Dopamine 74-82 leptin Mus musculus 117-120 17596451-6 2007 The application of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) increased the IPSC in Lep(ob/ob) mice significantly more than in wild-type animals and fully restored the responses to both forskolin and cocaine. Levodopa 19-47 leptin Mus musculus 79-82 17596451-6 2007 The application of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) increased the IPSC in Lep(ob/ob) mice significantly more than in wild-type animals and fully restored the responses to both forskolin and cocaine. Levodopa 49-55 leptin Mus musculus 79-82 17596451-6 2007 The application of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) increased the IPSC in Lep(ob/ob) mice significantly more than in wild-type animals and fully restored the responses to both forskolin and cocaine. Cocaine 195-202 leptin Mus musculus 79-82 17596451-7 2007 Treatment of Lep(ob/ob) mice with leptin in vivo fully restored the cocaine-induced increase in the IPSC to wild-type levels. Cocaine 68-75 leptin Mus musculus 13-16 17596451-8 2007 These results suggest that there is a decrease in the content of somatodendritic vesicular dopamine in the Lep(ob/ob) mice. Dopamine 91-99 leptin Mus musculus 107-110 17596451-9 2007 The release of dopamine from terminals may be less affected in the Lep(ob/ob) mice, because the cocaine-induced rise in dopamine in the ventral striatum was not statistically different between wild-type and Lep(ob/ob) mice. Cocaine 96-103 leptin Mus musculus 67-70 17596451-10 2007 In addition, the relative increase in cocaine-induced locomotion was similar for wild-type and Lep(ob/ob) mice. Cocaine 38-45 leptin Mus musculus 95-98 17596451-11 2007 These results indicate that, although basal release is not altered, the amount of dopamine that can be released is reduced in Lep(ob/ob) mice. Dopamine 82-90 leptin Mus musculus 126-129 17521293-0 2007 Effect of leptin on peroxidation and antioxidant defense in ethanol-supplemented Mus musculus heart. Ethanol 60-67 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 17521293-1 2007 The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous mouse leptin on ethanol-induced cardiac toxicity in mice. Ethanol 77-84 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 17521293-6 2007 Leptin administration to ethanol-treated mice significantly elevated the levels of plasma leptin, LDH and cardiac LOOH, TBARS, whereas the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentrations of vitamins C and E were further decreased significantly. Ethanol 25-32 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17521293-6 2007 Leptin administration to ethanol-treated mice significantly elevated the levels of plasma leptin, LDH and cardiac LOOH, TBARS, whereas the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentrations of vitamins C and E were further decreased significantly. Ethanol 25-32 leptin Mus musculus 90-96 17521293-6 2007 Leptin administration to ethanol-treated mice significantly elevated the levels of plasma leptin, LDH and cardiac LOOH, TBARS, whereas the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentrations of vitamins C and E were further decreased significantly. Lipid Peroxides 114-118 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17521293-6 2007 Leptin administration to ethanol-treated mice significantly elevated the levels of plasma leptin, LDH and cardiac LOOH, TBARS, whereas the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentrations of vitamins C and E were further decreased significantly. Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances 120-125 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17521293-7 2007 These findings were consistent with our histological observations, confirming that leptin enhances cardiac toxicity in ethanol-supplemented mice. Ethanol 119-126 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 17386921-0 2007 Leptin-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 secretion is suppressed by trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid. trans-10,cis-12 69-84 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17386921-0 2007 Leptin-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 secretion is suppressed by trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid. Linoleic Acid 96-109 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17386921-3 2007 The present study is designed to evaluate whether trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t-CLA) can suppress leptin-induced MMP-2 secretion in 3T3-L1 cells. trans-10 50-58 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 17386921-3 2007 The present study is designed to evaluate whether trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t-CLA) can suppress leptin-induced MMP-2 secretion in 3T3-L1 cells. cis-12 59-65 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 17386921-3 2007 The present study is designed to evaluate whether trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t-CLA) can suppress leptin-induced MMP-2 secretion in 3T3-L1 cells. Linoleic Acid 77-90 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 17386921-6 2007 However, increasing concentration of t-CLA significantly reduced leptin-induced MMP-2 secretion and triglyceride (TG) content. Triglycerides 100-112 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 17386921-6 2007 However, increasing concentration of t-CLA significantly reduced leptin-induced MMP-2 secretion and triglyceride (TG) content. Triglycerides 114-116 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 17472747-11 2007 Ritonavir further suppressed leptin levels in (p < 0.05). Ritonavir 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 17681405-0 2007 Leptin protects vital organ functions after sepsis through recovering tissue myeloperoxidase activity: an anti-inflammatory role resonating with indomethacin. Indomethacin 145-157 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17307134-0 2007 Leptin restores plasma cholesterol, glucose and weight loss induced by IFNalpha treatment. Cholesterol 23-34 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17307134-0 2007 Leptin restores plasma cholesterol, glucose and weight loss induced by IFNalpha treatment. Glucose 36-43 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17307134-5 2007 Co-administration of IFNalphaA/D + leptin significantly reduced plasma cholesterol (P<0.001), glucose (P<0.007) and pro-apoptotic protein levels (P<0.05). Cholesterol 71-82 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 17307134-5 2007 Co-administration of IFNalphaA/D + leptin significantly reduced plasma cholesterol (P<0.001), glucose (P<0.007) and pro-apoptotic protein levels (P<0.05). Glucose 97-104 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 17307134-7 2007 Thus, leptin co-administration with IFNalphaA/D decreases some of the side effects of IFNalpha administration such as weight loss, cholesterol and glucose levels. Cholesterol 131-142 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 17307134-7 2007 Thus, leptin co-administration with IFNalphaA/D decreases some of the side effects of IFNalpha administration such as weight loss, cholesterol and glucose levels. Glucose 147-154 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 17443027-8 2007 Leptin and ghrelin increased activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and decreased level of MDA. gsh-px 51-57 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17341837-7 2007 We also found that the okara intake caused a marked reduction in the expression of leptin and TNF-alpha genes in EWAT. okara 23-28 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 16891627-4 2007 Further, since epithelial cells are hypothesized to be accessory to the inflammatory response, we assessed the ability of supernants from leptin-exposed colon epithelial cells to activate macrophage chemotaxis and nitric oxide production. Nitric Oxide 214-226 leptin Mus musculus 138-144 16891627-7 2007 Conditioned media from leptin-treated YAMC and IMCE cells induced nitric oxide production by macrophages (P<0.05). Nitric Oxide 66-78 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 17391979-3 2007 Forty eight hours after the exposure to ethanol (500 mM) significantly elevated the secretion of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and TGF-beta1 in the cell-free culture supernatant (HepG2 and mouse HCC cell lines), which were decreased on leptin (31.2 nM) treatment. Ethanol 40-47 leptin Mus musculus 222-228 17391979-0 2007 Leptin downregulates ethanol-induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factor. Ethanol 21-28 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17391979-4 2007 Similarly, leptin administration to ethanol (6.32 g kg(-1) body weight) fed mice for 45 days significantly lowered the concentration of these cytokines in the circulation; however, leptin alone (230 microg kg(-1) body weight i.p. Ethanol 36-43 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 16872559-0 2006 Effect of leptin administration on membrane-bound adenosine triphosphatase activity in ethanol-induced experimental liver toxicity. Ethanol 87-94 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 17354198-0 2007 Leptin promotes the growth of Colon 38 cancer cells and interferes with the cytotoxic effect of fluorouracil in vitro. Fluorouracil 96-108 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 17354198-5 2007 The aim of our study was to examine the direct effect of leptin at various concentrations (from 10(-5) to 10(-12) M) when applied alone or jointly with fluorouracil (the classical cytotoxic drug for colon cancer) at two concentrations (0.25 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml) on the growth of murine Colon 38 cancer cells in vitro. Fluorouracil 152-164 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 17354198-12 2007 CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that leptin is involved in the regulation of colon cancer growth and it may even heighten the cytotoxic effect of fluorouracil. Fluorouracil 147-159 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 16916921-2 2007 The purpose of this study was to determine whether reductions in endogenous levels of leptin can attenuate pulmonary responses to ozone. Ozone 130-135 leptin Mus musculus 86-92 17258301-0 2007 Antidepressant-like effect of leptin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Streptozocin 40-54 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 17258301-3 2007 Since STZ-induced diabetes causes a marked decrease in plasma leptin levels, it is possible that decrease in leptin levels and the depressive-like behavior may somehow be related. Streptozocin 6-9 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 17258301-3 2007 Since STZ-induced diabetes causes a marked decrease in plasma leptin levels, it is possible that decrease in leptin levels and the depressive-like behavior may somehow be related. Streptozocin 6-9 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 17258301-4 2007 Therefore, we examined the effect of leptin on the depressive-like behavior of STZ-induced diabetic mice in the tail suspension test. Streptozocin 79-82 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 16935838-8 2006 Hepatic leptin expression did, however, display an acute and transient postprandial increase that follows the postprandial plasma glucose peak. Glucose 130-137 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 17020752-5 2006 The number of postmitotic BrdU-positive CP cells was larger in leptin-injected than in vehicle-injected ob/ob embryos on E16 and E17 when BrdU labeling and leptin injection were performed on E14. Bromodeoxyuridine 26-30 leptin Mus musculus 63-69 17965621-8 2006 Though the LEP CpG island is generally unmethylated in both human and mouse sperm, depletion of CG sites within the mouse promoter indicates occasional presence of methylated Lep epialleles in the germline. cysteinylglycine 96-98 leptin Mus musculus 175-178 16952706-10 2006 Leptin induced activation of rho guanosine triphosphatase was inhibited not only by the rho kinase inhibitor Y27632, but also by the MEK1 inhibitor PD98059, of which each inhibited leptin induced invasion of Renca cells (p < 0.01). Y 27632 109-115 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16952706-10 2006 Leptin induced activation of rho guanosine triphosphatase was inhibited not only by the rho kinase inhibitor Y27632, but also by the MEK1 inhibitor PD98059, of which each inhibited leptin induced invasion of Renca cells (p < 0.01). Y 27632 109-115 leptin Mus musculus 181-187 16952706-10 2006 Leptin induced activation of rho guanosine triphosphatase was inhibited not only by the rho kinase inhibitor Y27632, but also by the MEK1 inhibitor PD98059, of which each inhibited leptin induced invasion of Renca cells (p < 0.01). 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 148-155 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16952706-10 2006 Leptin induced activation of rho guanosine triphosphatase was inhibited not only by the rho kinase inhibitor Y27632, but also by the MEK1 inhibitor PD98059, of which each inhibited leptin induced invasion of Renca cells (p < 0.01). 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 148-155 leptin Mus musculus 181-187 16790840-7 2006 In leptin-deficient obese mice (Lep(ob/ob)), increased SREBP-1 and MLX nuclear content correlated with the induction of Elovl-5, Elovl-6, and Delta(9)D expression and the massive accumulation of monounsaturated fatty acids (18:1,n-7 and 18:1,n-9) in neutral lipids. Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated 195-222 leptin Mus musculus 32-35 16839843-0 2006 Distinct effects of short- and long-term leptin treatment on glucose and fatty acid uptake and metabolism in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Glucose 61-68 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 16839843-0 2006 Distinct effects of short- and long-term leptin treatment on glucose and fatty acid uptake and metabolism in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Fatty Acids 73-83 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 16839843-5 2006 However, leptin increased basal and insulin-stimulated palmitate uptake at both short and long exposure times and this corresponded with increased cell surface CD36 levels and elevated fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) and CD36 protein content. Palmitates 55-64 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 16839843-5 2006 However, leptin increased basal and insulin-stimulated palmitate uptake at both short and long exposure times and this corresponded with increased cell surface CD36 levels and elevated fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) and CD36 protein content. Fatty Acids 185-195 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 16839843-6 2006 Whereas short-term leptin treatment increased fatty acid oxidation, there was a decrease in oxidation after 24 hours. Fatty Acids 46-56 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 16872559-2 2006 We have explored the effect of leptin on hepatic marker enzyme and membrane-bound adenosine triphosphatases in ethanol-induced liver toxicity in mice. Ethanol 111-118 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 16872559-5 2006 Ethanol feeding to mice significantly (P < 0.05) elevated the plasma leptin, alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and hepatic lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and plasma and hepatic total ATPases, Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and Mg(2+)-ATPase. Ethanol 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 72-78 16872559-7 2006 Leptin injections to ethanol-fed animals further elevated the levels of hepatic LOOH, plasma and hepatic total ATPases, Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and Mg(2+)-ATPase, while the Ca(2)-ATPase and GSH were decreased significantly. Ethanol 21-28 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16872559-7 2006 Leptin injections to ethanol-fed animals further elevated the levels of hepatic LOOH, plasma and hepatic total ATPases, Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and Mg(2+)-ATPase, while the Ca(2)-ATPase and GSH were decreased significantly. Glutathione 185-188 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16872559-8 2006 In addition, leptin administration was found to increase the plasma levels of leptin, ALT, ALP, GGT, Na(+) and inorganic phosphorous, and decrease the levels of K(+) and Ca(2+) in ethanol-fed mice. inorganic phosphorous 111-132 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 16872559-8 2006 In addition, leptin administration was found to increase the plasma levels of leptin, ALT, ALP, GGT, Na(+) and inorganic phosphorous, and decrease the levels of K(+) and Ca(2+) in ethanol-fed mice. Ethanol 180-187 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 16872559-9 2006 These findings were consistent with our histological observations, confirming that leptin enhanced liver ailments in ethanol-supplemented mice. Ethanol 117-124 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 16687413-1 2006 AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of cellular energy balance and of the effects of leptin on food intake and fatty acid oxidation. Fatty Acids 130-140 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 16687413-6 2006 Leptin decreased respiratory exchange ratio in chow-fed mice indicating increased fatty acid oxidation. Fatty Acids 82-92 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16818056-2 2006 Leptin affects intestinal adaptation, carbohydrate, peptide, and lipid handling. Carbohydrates 38-50 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16785512-8 2006 Coadministration of leptin with LPS blunted endotoxin-induced systemic corticosterone response and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Corticosterone 71-85 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 16612592-7 2006 Cardiac glutathione/glutathione disulfide was decreased whereas malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, membrane p47(phox) and membrane gp91(phox) were increased in the Lep/Lep group. Glutathione 8-19 leptin Mus musculus 164-167 16612592-7 2006 Cardiac glutathione/glutathione disulfide was decreased whereas malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, membrane p47(phox) and membrane gp91(phox) were increased in the Lep/Lep group. Malondialdehyde 64-79 leptin Mus musculus 164-167 16282354-2 2006 Compared with the wild type, leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice had fewer cells at embryonic day (E) 16 and E18 and had fewer 5-bromo-2"-deoxyuridine(+) cells at E14 and E16 in the neuroepithelium. Bromodeoxyuridine 121-144 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 16611834-6 2006 In C57Bl/6 mice, Ser-318 phosphorylation levels in muscle tissue were enhanced by leptin and insulin administration in lean animals while in diet-induced obesity Ser-318 phosphorylation levels were already up-regulated in the basal state, and further stimulation was diminished. Serine 17-20 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 16522636-4 2006 Moreover, leptin elicited the phosphorylation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase effector Akt and evoked Ser-9 phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3beta), an event inactivating this kinase. Serine 107-110 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 16522636-5 2006 Leptin-mediated GSK3beta phosphorylation was prevented by the MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, or the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 80-87 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16522636-5 2006 Leptin-mediated GSK3beta phosphorylation was prevented by the MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, or the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 133-141 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16455782-0 2006 Liver adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase-alpha2 catalytic subunit is a key target for the control of hepatic glucose production by adiponectin and leptin but not insulin. Glucose 115-122 leptin Mus musculus 153-159 16455782-9 2006 Leptin and adiponectin regulate hepatic glucose production, so we then infused these adipokines into liveralpha2KO mice. Glucose 40-47 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16508167-0 2006 Involvement of leptin in hypophagia induced by the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in mice. Serotonin 51-60 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 16508167-0 2006 Involvement of leptin in hypophagia induced by the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 71-90 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 16508167-0 2006 Involvement of leptin in hypophagia induced by the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 92-97 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 16508167-1 2006 We previously demonstrated that a serotonin (5-HT) precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) increases serum leptin levels in mice. Serotonin 34-43 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 16508167-1 2006 We previously demonstrated that a serotonin (5-HT) precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) increases serum leptin levels in mice. Serotonin 45-49 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 16508167-1 2006 We previously demonstrated that a serotonin (5-HT) precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) increases serum leptin levels in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 61-80 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 16508167-1 2006 We previously demonstrated that a serotonin (5-HT) precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) increases serum leptin levels in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 82-87 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 16508167-5 2006 Serum leptin levels in fasted mice treated with 5-HTP were similar to those control mice after milk intake. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 48-53 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 16988074-10 2006 Leptin levels correlated with plasma glucose, but multivariate analysis revealed that this correlation was the result of a strong positive correlation between leptin and insulin levels. Glucose 37-44 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16988074-10 2006 Leptin levels correlated with plasma glucose, but multivariate analysis revealed that this correlation was the result of a strong positive correlation between leptin and insulin levels. Glucose 37-44 leptin Mus musculus 159-165 16522636-5 2006 Leptin-mediated GSK3beta phosphorylation was prevented by the MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, or the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X. bisindolylmaleimide I 177-186 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16522636-6 2006 Exposure of cortical neurons to leptin also induced Ser-41 phosphorylation of the neuronal growth-associated protein GAP-43, an effect prevented by LY294002 and GF109203X but not by PD98059. Serine 52-55 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 16522636-6 2006 Exposure of cortical neurons to leptin also induced Ser-41 phosphorylation of the neuronal growth-associated protein GAP-43, an effect prevented by LY294002 and GF109203X but not by PD98059. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 148-156 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 16522636-6 2006 Exposure of cortical neurons to leptin also induced Ser-41 phosphorylation of the neuronal growth-associated protein GAP-43, an effect prevented by LY294002 and GF109203X but not by PD98059. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 182-189 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 16522636-9 2006 The leptin-induced growth cone spreading was hampered in cortical neurons from Lepr(db/db) mice lacking functional leptin receptors; it was associated with localized Ser-9-GSK3beta phosphorylation and mimicked by the GSK3beta inhibitor SB216763. Serine 166-169 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 16522636-9 2006 The leptin-induced growth cone spreading was hampered in cortical neurons from Lepr(db/db) mice lacking functional leptin receptors; it was associated with localized Ser-9-GSK3beta phosphorylation and mimicked by the GSK3beta inhibitor SB216763. SB 216763 236-244 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 16522636-9 2006 The leptin-induced growth cone spreading was hampered in cortical neurons from Lepr(db/db) mice lacking functional leptin receptors; it was associated with localized Ser-9-GSK3beta phosphorylation and mimicked by the GSK3beta inhibitor SB216763. SB 216763 236-244 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 16522636-10 2006 At concentrations preventing GSK3beta phosphorylation, PD98059, LY294002, or GF109203X reversed the leptin-induced growth cone surface enlargement. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 55-62 leptin Mus musculus 100-106 16522636-10 2006 At concentrations preventing GSK3beta phosphorylation, PD98059, LY294002, or GF109203X reversed the leptin-induced growth cone surface enlargement. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 64-72 leptin Mus musculus 100-106 16522636-10 2006 At concentrations preventing GSK3beta phosphorylation, PD98059, LY294002, or GF109203X reversed the leptin-induced growth cone surface enlargement. bisindolylmaleimide I 77-86 leptin Mus musculus 100-106 16455782-12 2006 We also demonstrate that regulation of hepatic glucose production by leptin and adiponectin, but not insulin, requires hepatic AMPKalpha2 activity. Glucose 47-54 leptin Mus musculus 69-75 16785615-9 2006 Leptin was also decreased in the DEX 10 mg/kg group. Dexfenfluramine 33-36 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16785615-13 2006 DEX treatment of diet-switched DIO mice decreased growth hormone, insulin, leptin, fat mass, lean mass, and increased ghrelin, while SIB only decreased body weight. Dexfenfluramine 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 16380530-7 2006 Consistent with the mechanical characteristics, myocytes treated with leptin displayed a reduced electrically stimulated rise in intracellular Ca2+ (change in fura-2 fluorescence intensity) associated with a prolonged intracellular Ca2+ decay rate. Fura-2 159-165 leptin Mus musculus 70-76 16380530-9 2006 Intracellular superoxide generation was enhanced after leptin treatment, which was partially blocked by apocynin, BQ123, or BQ788. Superoxides 14-24 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 16455450-12 2006 Finally, the high-lipid diet decreased gallbladder FFA (P < 0.01), PL (P = 0.08), and TC (P < 0.05) in Lep(ob) mice. Phospholipids 70-72 leptin Mus musculus 109-112 16455450-12 2006 Finally, the high-lipid diet decreased gallbladder FFA (P < 0.01), PL (P = 0.08), and TC (P < 0.05) in Lep(ob) mice. Technetium 89-91 leptin Mus musculus 109-112 16461936-6 2006 Intriguingly, hepatic adenoviral over-expression of PTP1B in ob/ob mice attenuated the ability of exogenous leptin to reduce both plasma glucose levels and food intake. Glucose 137-144 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 16461936-7 2006 These findings suggest that leptin reduces both plasma glucose and food intake in part through actions on the liver, and hepatic leptin resistance resulting from over-expression of PTP1B may contribute to the development of both diabetes and obesity. Glucose 55-62 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 16210671-9 2006 In contrast, the provision of exogenous leptin to fasted animals restored bacterial clearance, bronchoalveolar lavage levels of neutrophils and cytokines, alveolar macrophage bacterial killing, and leukotriene B(4) synthesis. Leukotriene B4 198-211 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 16424124-6 2006 In addition, the energy efficiency and the plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations were lower in the mice and rats that were administered SRCD than in those fed the HF diet alone (P<0.05). srcd 143-147 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 16324913-0 2006 Leptin-mediated inhibition of the insulin-stimulated increase in fatty acid uptake in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Fatty Acids 65-75 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 18333092-13 2006 CONCLUSION: The association among obesity, leptin, and gallstone formation may be primarily related to altered gallbladder motility and cholesterol crystal formation and only secondarily to biliary cholesterol saturation. Cholesterol 136-147 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 18333092-13 2006 CONCLUSION: The association among obesity, leptin, and gallstone formation may be primarily related to altered gallbladder motility and cholesterol crystal formation and only secondarily to biliary cholesterol saturation. Cholesterol 198-209 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 16288988-5 2005 Treatment of leptin inhibited the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from the isolated islets of TallyHo mice, while in vivo administration of anti-leptin antibody lowered plasma glucose concentration with increased insulin level in TallyHo mice. Glucose 34-41 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 16288988-5 2005 Treatment of leptin inhibited the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from the isolated islets of TallyHo mice, while in vivo administration of anti-leptin antibody lowered plasma glucose concentration with increased insulin level in TallyHo mice. Glucose 181-188 leptin Mus musculus 150-156 16288988-7 2005 These results suggest that elevated plasma leptin can, through the inhibition of insulin secretion, induce glucose intolerance in TallyHo mice. Glucose 107-114 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 16364907-2 2005 Prior studies have demonstrated CB1 receptors (CB1Rs) and leptin modulation of cannabinoid synthesis in hypothalamic neurons. Cannabinoids 79-90 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 16521704-7 2005 However, serum leptin and adiponectin were drastically decreased by CLA feeding, suggesting that prolonged administration of CLA would induce further decrease of serum adipocytokine levels, which may be a cause of lipodystrophy in mice. Linoleic Acids, Conjugated 68-71 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 16521704-7 2005 However, serum leptin and adiponectin were drastically decreased by CLA feeding, suggesting that prolonged administration of CLA would induce further decrease of serum adipocytokine levels, which may be a cause of lipodystrophy in mice. Linoleic Acids, Conjugated 125-128 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 16302788-6 2005 On the other hand, serum adipocytokines, leptin and adiponectin, were drastically decreased by CLA feeding, and DHA supplementation did not affect those levels. Linoleic Acids, Conjugated 95-98 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 15994342-10 2005 Leptin suppression of insulin and corticosterone in Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice were not significantly affected by Mc4r genotype. Corticosterone 34-48 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16324913-1 2006 The effects of insulin and leptin on fatty acid uptake in differentiated (adipocytes) and undifferentiated 3T3-L1 cells were investigated. Fatty Acids 37-47 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 16324913-4 2006 Leptin, when coincubated with 10 nmol/L insulin, resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of the insulin-stimulated fatty acid uptake in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Fatty Acids 124-134 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16324913-5 2006 These results indicate that leptin has a direct inhibitory effect on the stimulation of fatty acid uptake by insulin in differentiated murine adipocytes. Fatty Acids 88-98 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 16438946-0 2005 Globular adiponectin decreases leptin-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression by murine macrophages: involvement of cAMP-PKA and MAPK pathways. Cyclic AMP 123-127 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 16438946-4 2005 Intracellular cAMP concentration was increased and protein kinase A (PKA) was activated with the treatment of leptin, subsequently downstream MAPK signal proteins, ERK1/2 and p38, were phosphorylated. Cyclic AMP 14-18 leptin Mus musculus 110-116 16438946-7 2005 In conclusion, leptin promotes inflammation by stimulating TNF-alpha production, which is mediated by cAMP-PKA-ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways. Cyclic AMP 102-106 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 16438946-8 2005 gAd inhibited leptin-induced TNF-alpha production through suppressing phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 pathways. ganoderic acid D 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 15994342-10 2005 Leptin suppression of insulin and corticosterone in Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice were not significantly affected by Mc4r genotype. Corticosterone 34-48 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 15994342-10 2005 Leptin suppression of insulin and corticosterone in Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice were not significantly affected by Mc4r genotype. Corticosterone 34-48 leptin Mus musculus 52-55 15942150-8 2005 Lipid hydroperoxide levels were significantly higher in the brain tissue of leptin-treated mice (3.44 +/- 0.36 nmol/g tissue, mean +/- S.E.M.) Hydrogen Peroxide 6-19 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 15964641-10 2005 Mice responded to sucrose in the drinking water with elevated serum leptin (fasted state) and to all palatable diets with low serum ghrelin. Sucrose 18-25 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 15907798-2 2005 Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we have shown that physiological doses of leptin promptly increase the binding of C2C12 cell nuclear extracts to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) response elements in oligonucleotide probes and that all three PPAR isoforms participate in DNA-binding complexes. Oligonucleotides 229-244 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 15907798-4 2005 Leptin treatment significantly increased cPLA2 activity, evaluated as the release of [3H]arachidonic acid from pre-labelled C2C12 cells, as well as phosphorylation. [3h]arachidonic acid 85-105 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15907798-5 2005 Further, using MEK1 inhibitor PD-98059 we showed that leptin activates cPLA2 through ERK induction. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 30-38 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 15868135-0 2005 Hyperinsulinaemia triggered by dietary conjugated linoleic acid is associated with a decrease in leptin and adiponectin plasma levels and pancreatic beta cell hyperplasia in the mouse. Linoleic Acid 50-63 leptin Mus musculus 97-103 15868135-5 2005 RESULTS: Plasma levels of leptin and adiponectin sharply decreased after 2 days of CLA feeding, although adipose tissue mass only decreased after day 6. Linoleic Acids, Conjugated 83-86 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 15949693-0 2005 Effects of retinoic acid administration and dietary vitamin A supplementation on leptin expression in mice: lack of correlation with changes of adipose tissue mass and food intake. Vitamin A 52-61 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 15949693-1 2005 Retinoic acid (RA) administration and chronic vitamin A supplementation were reported to inhibit adipose tissue leptin expression in rodents, but the impact of this effect on food intake and its relationship with changes of body adiposity was not analyzed. Tretinoin 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 15949693-1 2005 Retinoic acid (RA) administration and chronic vitamin A supplementation were reported to inhibit adipose tissue leptin expression in rodents, but the impact of this effect on food intake and its relationship with changes of body adiposity was not analyzed. Tretinoin 15-17 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 15949693-1 2005 Retinoic acid (RA) administration and chronic vitamin A supplementation were reported to inhibit adipose tissue leptin expression in rodents, but the impact of this effect on food intake and its relationship with changes of body adiposity was not analyzed. Vitamin A 46-55 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 15949693-3 2005 The results show that vitamin A down-regulates leptin expression in white and brown adipose tissue and circulating leptin levels independently of changes of adipose tissue mass and, for the first time to our knowledge, that this effect does not correlate with increased food intake. Vitamin A 22-31 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 15949693-4 2005 They also demonstrate a direct inhibitory effect of RA on leptin expression in both white and brown adipocyte cell cultures, and constitute first proof of the involvement of both RA receptors (RARs) and rexinoid receptors (RXRs) in this effect. Tretinoin 52-54 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 16109802-0 2005 Leptin downregulates ghrelin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Streptozocin 39-53 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16109802-2 2005 This study clarifies the regulation of ghrelin levels by leptin in STZ-DM mice. Streptozocin 67-70 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 16109802-5 2005 Leptin treatment also partially reversed the hyperphagia and hyperglycemia observed in STZ-DM mice, but not the hypoinsulinemia, and there was a decrease in plasma ghrelin concentrations and ghrelin mRNA levels compared with STZ-LEP pair-fed mice. Streptozocin 87-90 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16109802-5 2005 Leptin treatment also partially reversed the hyperphagia and hyperglycemia observed in STZ-DM mice, but not the hypoinsulinemia, and there was a decrease in plasma ghrelin concentrations and ghrelin mRNA levels compared with STZ-LEP pair-fed mice. Streptozocin 225-228 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16109802-6 2005 These results indicate that leptin treatment partially reverses elevated plasma ghrelin levels in STZ-DM mice independent of food intake and insulin, and suggest that hypoleptinemia in STZ-DM mice upregulates ghrelin. Streptozocin 98-101 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 16109802-6 2005 These results indicate that leptin treatment partially reverses elevated plasma ghrelin levels in STZ-DM mice independent of food intake and insulin, and suggest that hypoleptinemia in STZ-DM mice upregulates ghrelin. Streptozocin 185-188 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 16096098-3 2005 Here we tested the hypothesis that LIPx-induced decreases in immunity are mediated by changes in the adipose tissue hormone leptin. lipx 35-39 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 16096098-8 2005 Exogenous leptin, however, attenuated LIPx-induced immune suppression but did not affect humoural immunity in sham animals. lipx 38-42 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 16097051-0 2005 Leptin administration exacerbates thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Thioacetamide 34-47 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 16097051-1 2005 AIM: To investigate the effects of leptin administration on liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA). Thioacetamide 86-99 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 15731403-4 2005 Surprisingly, EPI denervation increased total body fat of PBS-infused mice but leptin decreased the size of both injected and noninjected EPI pads in 6OHDA mice. Oxidopamine 150-155 leptin Mus musculus 79-85 15650121-1 2005 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), one of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been shown to stimulate leptin mRNA expression and secretion in 3T3-L1 cells. Eicosapentaenoic Acid 0-21 leptin Mus musculus 101-107 15650121-1 2005 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), one of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been shown to stimulate leptin mRNA expression and secretion in 3T3-L1 cells. Eicosapentaenoic Acid 23-26 leptin Mus musculus 101-107 15650121-1 2005 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), one of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been shown to stimulate leptin mRNA expression and secretion in 3T3-L1 cells. Fatty Acids, Omega-3 40-71 leptin Mus musculus 101-107 15876742-3 2005 In addition, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript, an anorexigenic neuropeptide whose expression is regulated by leptin, has been shown to inhibit bone resorption. Cocaine 13-20 leptin Mus musculus 122-128 15876742-3 2005 In addition, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript, an anorexigenic neuropeptide whose expression is regulated by leptin, has been shown to inhibit bone resorption. Amphetamine 26-37 leptin Mus musculus 122-128 15942150-10 2005 In contrast, leptin-treated mice had significantly lower glutathione levels in the brain tissue compared to the control (12.97 +/- 1.32 and 17.91 +/- 0.82 nmol/g tissue, respectively, p < 0.05). Glutathione 57-68 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 18333178-3 2005 Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that diabetic leptin-resistant (Lep(db)) obese mice have low biliary cholesterol saturation indices, enlarged gallbladders and diminished gallbladder response to neurotransmitters. Cholesterol 125-136 leptin Mus musculus 88-91 15724149-6 2005 This discrepancy is explained, in part, by the fact that CART ("cocaine amphetamine regulated transcript"), a neuropeptide whose expression is controlled by leptin and nearly abolished in ob/ob mice, inhibits bone resorption by modulating Rankl expression. cocaine amphetamine 64-83 leptin Mus musculus 157-163 15629898-6 2005 These data show that on top of its role as an inducer of GnRH secretion, leptin may elicit an LH-independent ovulation. Luteinizing Hormone 94-96 leptin Mus musculus 73-79 15715271-3 2005 Leptin has been shown to function as a trophic factor in the intestine and enhances carbohydrate absorption after small-bowel resection. Carbohydrates 84-96 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15579593-1 2004 Leptin, the metabolic fat hormone, has been shown to have effects on reproduction in mice and to modulate steroid production by cultured ovarian somatic cells in a number of species. Steroids 106-113 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15581426-7 2004 Using isolated arcuate neurones, leptin and insulin were demonstrated to increase the activity of KATP channels in a PI3K dependent manner, and to increase levels of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate 166-181 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 15581426-10 2004 Leptin stimulated PI3-kinase activity in GT1-7 cells and an increase in PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 could be detected, which was prevented by PI3K inhibitors. phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate 72-87 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15581426-12 2004 The sensitivity of leptin and insulin stimulation of KATP channel opening in arcuate neurones to jasplakinolide indicates that cytoskeletal remodelling may be an important contributor to the cellular signalling mechanisms of these hormones in hypothalamic neurones. jasplakinolide 97-111 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 15306556-8 2004 Leptin stimulation of invasion was prevented by 25 muM GM6001, an inhibitor of MMP activity. N-(2(R)-2-(hydroxamidocarbonylmethyl)-4-methylpentanoyl)-L-tryptophan methylamide 55-61 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15555610-2 2004 Previously, we demonstrated that leptin-resistant (Lep(db)) obese mice fed a low cholesterol diet have enlarged gallbladders, but a decreased cholesterol saturation index, despite elevated serum cholesterol. Cholesterol 81-92 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 15555610-2 2004 Previously, we demonstrated that leptin-resistant (Lep(db)) obese mice fed a low cholesterol diet have enlarged gallbladders, but a decreased cholesterol saturation index, despite elevated serum cholesterol. Cholesterol 81-92 leptin Mus musculus 51-54 15555610-2 2004 Previously, we demonstrated that leptin-resistant (Lep(db)) obese mice fed a low cholesterol diet have enlarged gallbladders, but a decreased cholesterol saturation index, despite elevated serum cholesterol. Cholesterol 142-153 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 15555610-2 2004 Previously, we demonstrated that leptin-resistant (Lep(db)) obese mice fed a low cholesterol diet have enlarged gallbladders, but a decreased cholesterol saturation index, despite elevated serum cholesterol. Cholesterol 142-153 leptin Mus musculus 51-54 15555610-2 2004 Previously, we demonstrated that leptin-resistant (Lep(db)) obese mice fed a low cholesterol diet have enlarged gallbladders, but a decreased cholesterol saturation index, despite elevated serum cholesterol. cholesterol 142-153 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 15555610-2 2004 Previously, we demonstrated that leptin-resistant (Lep(db)) obese mice fed a low cholesterol diet have enlarged gallbladders, but a decreased cholesterol saturation index, despite elevated serum cholesterol. cholesterol 142-153 leptin Mus musculus 51-54 15475485-8 2004 Addition of leptin to leptin-deficient ob/ob mouse primary hepatocytes led to an increase in MT-1 and -2 mRNA levels and a decrease in oxidative stress after incubation with ethanol. Ethanol 174-181 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 15556643-3 2004 This substrate cycling linking glucose and lipid metabolism to thermogenesis provides a novel thermogenic mechanism by which leptin protects skeletal muscle from excessive fat storage and lipotoxicity. Glucose 31-38 leptin Mus musculus 125-131 15547455-0 2004 Blockade of the leptin-sensitive pathway markedly reduces alcohol consumption in mice. Alcohols 58-65 leptin Mus musculus 16-22 15547455-5 2004 The effects of leptin injection on voluntary ethanol intake have been investigated in ob/ob and C57BL/6 mice. Ethanol 45-52 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 15547455-10 2004 CONCLUSIONS: These data show that blockade of the leptin pathway markedly decreases the preference for alcohol intake, but this decrease may be the result of compensatory or developmental changes in other systems rather than a more direct effect of leptin on alcohol consumption. Alcohols 103-110 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 15547455-10 2004 CONCLUSIONS: These data show that blockade of the leptin pathway markedly decreases the preference for alcohol intake, but this decrease may be the result of compensatory or developmental changes in other systems rather than a more direct effect of leptin on alcohol consumption. Alcohols 259-266 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 15547455-10 2004 CONCLUSIONS: These data show that blockade of the leptin pathway markedly decreases the preference for alcohol intake, but this decrease may be the result of compensatory or developmental changes in other systems rather than a more direct effect of leptin on alcohol consumption. Alcohols 259-266 leptin Mus musculus 249-255 15271656-6 2004 Serum leptin was lower in PBS-infused HF- than LF-fed mice. Lead 26-29 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 15215189-4 2004 Leptin was also found to significantly increase stimulated progesterone, estradiol, and testosterone production/secretion by cultured follicles in a dose-dependent manner, with higher concentrations of leptin significantly increasing steroidogenesis. Estradiol 73-82 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15215189-4 2004 Leptin was also found to significantly increase stimulated progesterone, estradiol, and testosterone production/secretion by cultured follicles in a dose-dependent manner, with higher concentrations of leptin significantly increasing steroidogenesis. Testosterone 88-100 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15573759-3 2004 (2) Groups of 2-cell stage embryos randomly selected were placed in drops of leptin free CZB medium and cultured to morula stage. czb medium 89-99 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 15108357-4 2004 Thus, we examined the effect of RA on expression of leptin in adipocytes of murine and human origin. Tretinoin 32-34 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 15367211-2 2004 We have previously demonstrated that livers of mice having a spontaneous mutation in the leptin gene (ob/ob), resulting in global obesity and liver steatosis, are ATP depleted, are endotoxin sensitive, and do not survive (I/R) injury. Adenosine Triphosphate 163-166 leptin Mus musculus 89-95 15145787-3 2004 Previously, we reported defective leukotriene synthesis in macrophages from leptin-deficient mice that could be restored with exogenous leptin. Leukotrienes 34-45 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 15145787-4 2004 In the present study, we utilized macrophages from normal rodents to explore the mechanism by which leptin could enhance cellular leukotriene synthesis. Leukotrienes 130-141 leptin Mus musculus 100-106 15145787-6 2004 Leptin also enhanced calcium ionophore-stimulated release of free arachidonic acid. Calcium 21-28 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15145787-6 2004 Leptin also enhanced calcium ionophore-stimulated release of free arachidonic acid. Arachidonic Acid 66-82 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15145787-7 2004 Calcium-dependent and -independent arachidonoyl-selective phospholipase activities in macrophage lysates were likewise increased following leptin treatment. Calcium 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 15145787-7 2004 Calcium-dependent and -independent arachidonoyl-selective phospholipase activities in macrophage lysates were likewise increased following leptin treatment. arachidonoyl 35-47 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 15666577-5 2004 Leptin (18 microM) had no effect in the presence of low glucose (2.8-5.5 mM), but increased insulin secretion in islets challenged with 11.1 or 16.7 mM glucose. Glucose 152-159 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15666577-6 2004 Leptin at 18 microM increased insulin secretion stimulated by the parasympathetic neurotransmitters acetylcholine (ACh; 10 microM) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP; 10 nM), and by 5 mM theophylline or 2.5 microM forskolin. Acetylcholine 100-113 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15666577-6 2004 Leptin at 18 microM increased insulin secretion stimulated by the parasympathetic neurotransmitters acetylcholine (ACh; 10 microM) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP; 10 nM), and by 5 mM theophylline or 2.5 microM forskolin. Acetylcholine 115-118 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15666577-6 2004 Leptin at 18 microM increased insulin secretion stimulated by the parasympathetic neurotransmitters acetylcholine (ACh; 10 microM) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP; 10 nM), and by 5 mM theophylline or 2.5 microM forskolin. Theophylline 190-202 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15666577-6 2004 Leptin at 18 microM increased insulin secretion stimulated by the parasympathetic neurotransmitters acetylcholine (ACh; 10 microM) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP; 10 nM), and by 5 mM theophylline or 2.5 microM forskolin. Colforsin 217-226 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 15666577-8 2004 Pretreatment of islets with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) did not suggest any involvement of protein kinase C. In summary, a high concentration of leptin stimulates insulin release in the presence of stimulatory concentrations of glucose alone and with parasympathetic neurotransmitters. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 28-59 leptin Mus musculus 155-161 15666577-8 2004 Pretreatment of islets with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) did not suggest any involvement of protein kinase C. In summary, a high concentration of leptin stimulates insulin release in the presence of stimulatory concentrations of glucose alone and with parasympathetic neurotransmitters. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 61-64 leptin Mus musculus 155-161 15666577-8 2004 Pretreatment of islets with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) did not suggest any involvement of protein kinase C. In summary, a high concentration of leptin stimulates insulin release in the presence of stimulatory concentrations of glucose alone and with parasympathetic neurotransmitters. Glucose 238-245 leptin Mus musculus 155-161 15155574-3 2004 rAAV-lep injection increased hypothalamic leptin expression in the complete absence of peripheral leptin in ob/ob mice; suppressed body weight and adiposity; voluntarily decreased dark-phase food intake; suppressed plasma levels of adiponectin, TNFalpha, free fatty acids and insulin, concomitant with normoglycemia; and elevated ghrelin levels for extended period. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 255-271 leptin Mus musculus 5-8 15483213-9 2004 Dihydrotestosterone treatment had no effect on adipokine mRNA expression or resistin and adiponectin levels but increased leptin levels. Dihydrotestosterone 0-19 leptin Mus musculus 122-128 15340107-9 2004 Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the melanocortin portion of the leptin-signaling pathway mediates effects primarily on certain fat depots and on some, but not all, components of cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol 198-209 leptin Mus musculus 84-90 15300211-8 2004 RESULTS: Body weights, gallbladder volumes, and serum glucoses were greater for Lep(ob) and Lepdb mice compared to controls (P < .001). Glucose 54-62 leptin Mus musculus 80-83 14698207-4 2003 Native murine leptin (1-147) enhanced aldosterone and corticosterone secretion from dispersed ZG and ZF/R cells, and similar effects were elicited by murine leptin fragment 116-130, and human leptin fragments 138-167, 150-167 and [Tyr] 26-39. Aldosterone 38-49 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 15113943-7 2004 Furthermore, the expressions of jun-B and leptin were also enhanced in insulin-resistant mice after injection of glucose. Glucose 113-120 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 15113943-9 2004 Multiple regression analysis indicated that the correlation between leptin mRNA and jun-B mRNA was significant even after removing the effect of blood glucose, but the correlation between leptin mRNA and glucose was no longer significant after removing the effect of jun-B mRNA. Glucose 151-158 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 14657008-7 2004 Elevated concentrations of serum calcium, phosphate, and 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) were normalized by leptin treatment. Calcium 33-40 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 14657008-7 2004 Elevated concentrations of serum calcium, phosphate, and 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) were normalized by leptin treatment. Phosphates 42-51 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 14657008-7 2004 Elevated concentrations of serum calcium, phosphate, and 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) were normalized by leptin treatment. 1,25-(oh)( 57-67 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 14657008-7 2004 Elevated concentrations of serum calcium, phosphate, and 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) were normalized by leptin treatment. Deuterium 69-70 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 14657008-8 2004 Thus, leptin suppresses renal gene overexpression for 1 alpha-hydroxylase and 24-hydroxylase and corrects increased serum concentrations of calcium and phosphate in ob/ob mice. Calcium 140-147 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 14657008-8 2004 Thus, leptin suppresses renal gene overexpression for 1 alpha-hydroxylase and 24-hydroxylase and corrects increased serum concentrations of calcium and phosphate in ob/ob mice. Phosphates 152-161 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 14592964-8 2004 Two different behavioral tests, one using sweet-bitter mixtures as taste stimuli and the other a conditioned taste aversion paradigm, demonstrated that responses to sucrose and saccharin were significantly decreased after ip injection of leptin in ob/ob and normal littermates, but not in db/db mice. Sucrose 165-172 leptin Mus musculus 238-244 14755338-9 2004 Intracerebroventricular leptin improves glucose homeostasis by improving insulin signal transduction in liver, but in this case the effect appears to be independent of SCD-1. Glucose 40-47 leptin Mus musculus 24-30 14722361-0 2004 Short-chain fatty acids stimulate leptin production in adipocytes through the G protein-coupled receptor GPR41. Fatty Acids, Volatile 0-23 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 14722361-4 2004 Here we report that C2-C6 short-chain fatty acids, ligands of an orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR41, stimulate leptin expression in both a mouse adipocyte cell line and mouse adipose tissue in primary culture. Fatty Acids, Volatile 26-49 leptin Mus musculus 116-122 14722361-6 2004 The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids required to stimulate leptin production are within physiological ranges, suggesting the relevance of this pathway in vivo. Fatty Acids, Volatile 22-45 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 15081545-0 2004 High leptin level is accompanied with decreased long leptin receptor transcript in histamine deficient transgenic mice. Histamine 83-92 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 15081545-3 2004 To exert its functions, leptin interacts with histamine as well. Histamine 46-55 leptin Mus musculus 24-30 15081545-4 2004 Histamine is a downstream effector of leptin as its release, metabolism is enhanced by leptin and hypothalamic histamine reduces food intake. Histamine 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 15081545-4 2004 Histamine is a downstream effector of leptin as its release, metabolism is enhanced by leptin and hypothalamic histamine reduces food intake. Histamine 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 15081545-4 2004 Histamine is a downstream effector of leptin as its release, metabolism is enhanced by leptin and hypothalamic histamine reduces food intake. Histamine 111-120 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 15081545-5 2004 In a bi-directional regulatory loop histamine also influences leptin concentration by inhibiting its expression. Histamine 36-45 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 15081545-6 2004 In this study we demonstrate that histamine deficiency elevates serum leptin level and decreases full-length leptin receptor isoform with a slight increase of the short one and results in mild late onset obesity. Histamine 34-43 leptin Mus musculus 70-76 14683458-10 2003 Leptin also mediates specific metabolic effects, including the potent depletion of triglyceride from liver and other peripheral tissues. Triglycerides 83-95 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 14683458-11 2003 To explore the molecular basis by which leptin depletes hepatic lipid, we used oligonucleotide arrays to identify genes in liver whose expression was modulated by leptin treatment. Oligonucleotides 79-94 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 14683458-11 2003 To explore the molecular basis by which leptin depletes hepatic lipid, we used oligonucleotide arrays to identify genes in liver whose expression was modulated by leptin treatment. Oligonucleotides 79-94 leptin Mus musculus 163-169 14698207-4 2003 Native murine leptin (1-147) enhanced aldosterone and corticosterone secretion from dispersed ZG and ZF/R cells, and similar effects were elicited by murine leptin fragment 116-130, and human leptin fragments 138-167, 150-167 and [Tyr] 26-39. Corticosterone 54-68 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 14698207-4 2003 Native murine leptin (1-147) enhanced aldosterone and corticosterone secretion from dispersed ZG and ZF/R cells, and similar effects were elicited by murine leptin fragment 116-130, and human leptin fragments 138-167, 150-167 and [Tyr] 26-39. Tyrosine 231-234 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 12878760-4 2003 Microarray mRNA analysis of adipose tissue revealed that leptin was the only upregulated gene affecting glucose uptake. Glucose 104-111 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 12869380-1 2003 Leptin is a regulator of body weight and affects nitric oxide (NO) production. Nitric Oxide 49-61 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12928770-2 2003 METHODS: Insulin-deficient diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in transgenic skinny mice overexpressing leptin. Streptozocin 51-65 leptin Mus musculus 113-119 12928770-2 2003 METHODS: Insulin-deficient diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in transgenic skinny mice overexpressing leptin. Streptozocin 67-70 leptin Mus musculus 113-119 12941435-2 2003 5-HTP elicited apparent increases in serum leptin levels of mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 0-5 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 12941435-8 2003 These results suggest that hyperinsulinemia participates the elevation of serum leptin levels elicited by 5-HTP. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 106-111 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 12902799-6 2003 In contrast, daily administration of leptin significantly reversed the elevated plasma cholesterol level induced by ritonavir. Cholesterol 87-98 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 12902799-6 2003 In contrast, daily administration of leptin significantly reversed the elevated plasma cholesterol level induced by ritonavir. Ritonavir 116-125 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 12902799-7 2003 Leptin replacement therapy also significantly reduced the ritonavir-induced interscapular fat mass and improved liver steatosis. Ritonavir 58-67 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12702488-5 2003 cAMP stimulated secretion of leptin from BeWo cells and also stimulated leptin mRNA expression in the cells. Cyclic AMP 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 12947343-0 2003 Leptin-resistant obese mice have paradoxically low biliary cholesterol saturation. Cholesterol 59-70 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12947343-3 2003 Leptin-resistant Lep(db) obese mice, which are known to have elevated serum leptin, glucose, and lipids, as well as hepatic steatosis, should be an appropriate model for human gallstone formation. Glucose 84-91 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12947343-3 2003 Leptin-resistant Lep(db) obese mice, which are known to have elevated serum leptin, glucose, and lipids, as well as hepatic steatosis, should be an appropriate model for human gallstone formation. Glucose 84-91 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 12947343-4 2003 Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that leptin-resistant mice would have increased gallbladder volume, biliary cholesterol saturation, and cholesterol crystal formation. Cholesterol 112-123 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 12947343-4 2003 Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that leptin-resistant mice would have increased gallbladder volume, biliary cholesterol saturation, and cholesterol crystal formation. Cholesterol 140-151 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 12947343-10 2003 RESULTS: Leptin-resistant obese mice have significantly higher serum cholesterol, glucose, and leptin levels, hepatic fat vacuoles, and gallbladder volume than lean control mice. Cholesterol 69-80 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 12947343-10 2003 RESULTS: Leptin-resistant obese mice have significantly higher serum cholesterol, glucose, and leptin levels, hepatic fat vacuoles, and gallbladder volume than lean control mice. Glucose 82-89 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 12947343-12 2003 CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that leptin-resistant Lep(db) obese mice have (1) increased gallbladder volume, (2) decreased biliary cholesterol saturation despite elevated serum cholesterol and hepatic steatosis, and (3) decreased in vitro cholesterol crystal formation. Cholesterol 134-145 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 12947343-12 2003 CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that leptin-resistant Lep(db) obese mice have (1) increased gallbladder volume, (2) decreased biliary cholesterol saturation despite elevated serum cholesterol and hepatic steatosis, and (3) decreased in vitro cholesterol crystal formation. Cholesterol 134-145 leptin Mus musculus 54-57 12947343-12 2003 CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that leptin-resistant Lep(db) obese mice have (1) increased gallbladder volume, (2) decreased biliary cholesterol saturation despite elevated serum cholesterol and hepatic steatosis, and (3) decreased in vitro cholesterol crystal formation. Cholesterol 180-191 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 12947343-12 2003 CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that leptin-resistant Lep(db) obese mice have (1) increased gallbladder volume, (2) decreased biliary cholesterol saturation despite elevated serum cholesterol and hepatic steatosis, and (3) decreased in vitro cholesterol crystal formation. Cholesterol 180-191 leptin Mus musculus 54-57 12947343-12 2003 CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that leptin-resistant Lep(db) obese mice have (1) increased gallbladder volume, (2) decreased biliary cholesterol saturation despite elevated serum cholesterol and hepatic steatosis, and (3) decreased in vitro cholesterol crystal formation. Cholesterol 180-191 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 12947343-12 2003 CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that leptin-resistant Lep(db) obese mice have (1) increased gallbladder volume, (2) decreased biliary cholesterol saturation despite elevated serum cholesterol and hepatic steatosis, and (3) decreased in vitro cholesterol crystal formation. Cholesterol 180-191 leptin Mus musculus 54-57 14568184-0 2003 The potential beneficial effect of leptin on an experimental model of hyperlipidemia, induced by chronic ethanol treatment. Ethanol 105-112 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 14568184-2 2003 The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of mouse recombinant leptin on food intake, body weight, hepatic and plasma lipids and lipoproteins in alcohol-induced liver injury. Alcohols 160-167 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 14568184-5 2003 Subsequently, ethanol-fed mice were given intraperitoneal injections of exogenous leptin (230 microg x kg(-1) body weight, i.p.) Ethanol 14-21 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 14568184-8 2003 RESULTS: Exogenous leptin injections to alcohol-fed mice significantly (P<0.05) inhibited the rise in hepatic and plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations as compared with those of the unsupplemented ethanol fed mice. Alcohols 40-47 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 14568184-8 2003 RESULTS: Exogenous leptin injections to alcohol-fed mice significantly (P<0.05) inhibited the rise in hepatic and plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations as compared with those of the unsupplemented ethanol fed mice. Ethanol 206-213 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 14568184-10 2003 CONCLUSION: Chronic administration of exogenous mouse recombinant leptin prevents the rise in lipids and lipoprotein concentrations significantly in an animal model of alcohol-induced hyperlipidemia. Alcohols 168-175 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 12917427-9 2003 Our findings indicate that leptin is an important regulator of hepatic SR-BI expression and, thus, HDL cholesterol levels, whereas it does not stimulate Cyp7a1 and bile acid synthesis. Cholesterol 103-114 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 14519961-0 2003 Effects of insulin and adrenalectomy on elevation of serum leptin levels induced by 5-hydroxytryptophan in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 84-103 leptin Mus musculus 59-65 14519961-1 2003 We previously reported that a serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) increases serum leptin levels in mice. Serotonin 30-39 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 14519961-1 2003 We previously reported that a serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) increases serum leptin levels in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 50-69 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 14519961-1 2003 We previously reported that a serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) increases serum leptin levels in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 71-76 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 14706560-1 2003 Leptin, a hormone secreted by the adipocytes and involved in feeding and energy balance control, has been proposed to modulate alcohol craving in mice and humans. Alcohols 127-134 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 14704473-6 2003 Leptin administration significantly reduced the levels of total cholesterol, phospholipids, free fatty acids and triglycerides in the plasma, liver, heart and kidney of both the control and high-fat diet fed mice. Cholesterol 64-75 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 14704473-6 2003 Leptin administration significantly reduced the levels of total cholesterol, phospholipids, free fatty acids and triglycerides in the plasma, liver, heart and kidney of both the control and high-fat diet fed mice. Phospholipids 77-90 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 14704473-6 2003 Leptin administration significantly reduced the levels of total cholesterol, phospholipids, free fatty acids and triglycerides in the plasma, liver, heart and kidney of both the control and high-fat diet fed mice. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 92-108 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 14704473-6 2003 Leptin administration significantly reduced the levels of total cholesterol, phospholipids, free fatty acids and triglycerides in the plasma, liver, heart and kidney of both the control and high-fat diet fed mice. Triglycerides 113-126 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12923776-0 2003 Effect of rosiglitazone on the differential expression of obesity and insulin resistance associated proteins in lep/lep mice. Rosiglitazone 10-23 leptin Mus musculus 112-115 12923776-0 2003 Effect of rosiglitazone on the differential expression of obesity and insulin resistance associated proteins in lep/lep mice. Rosiglitazone 10-23 leptin Mus musculus 116-119 12923776-6 2003 Rosiglitazone normalized the impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia in lep/lep mice but had no significant effect in the lean mice. Rosiglitazone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 76-79 12923776-8 2003 Thirty-four polypeptides were differentially expressed (p < 0.05) between lep/lep and lean mice and eleven were significantly (p < 0.05) modulated by rosiglitazone treatment of the obese mice. Rosiglitazone 156-169 leptin Mus musculus 77-80 12923776-8 2003 Thirty-four polypeptides were differentially expressed (p < 0.05) between lep/lep and lean mice and eleven were significantly (p < 0.05) modulated by rosiglitazone treatment of the obese mice. Rosiglitazone 156-169 leptin Mus musculus 81-84 12787049-0 2003 Activation of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus predicts the anorectic actions of ciliary neurotrophic factor and leptin in intact and gold thioglucose-lesioned mice. Thioglucose 139-150 leptin Mus musculus 113-119 12686468-6 2003 High concentrations of leptin (between 1.5 and 15 microM) significantly (p<0.05) reduced cell growth as measured by MTT test. monooxyethylene trimethylolpropane tristearate 119-122 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 12880106-10 2003 Thus, short-term administration of a diet rich in SAFA suppresses circulating leptin levels without altering the adipose tissue ob gene expression. safa 50-54 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 12723896-0 2003 Effect of leptin administration on plasma and tissue lipids in alcohol induced liver injury. Alcohols 63-70 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 12723896-5 2003 Leptin administration to control and alcohol-treated mice reduced the weight gain and significantly lowered the levels of plasma and tissue lipids as compared with the untreated control and alcohol supplemented mice. Alcohols 37-44 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12723896-5 2003 Leptin administration to control and alcohol-treated mice reduced the weight gain and significantly lowered the levels of plasma and tissue lipids as compared with the untreated control and alcohol supplemented mice. Alcohols 190-197 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12723896-6 2003 It is postulated that the increase in systemic leptin levels lower the plasma and tissue lipids of alcohol-treated mice, which operates independently of changes in food intake, body weight and the size of the fat stores. Alcohols 99-106 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 12665169-11 2003 Subcutaneous implantation of a corticosterone pellet in mice fed the control diet resulted in a significantly elevated serum leptin level compared with placebo-implanted controls. Corticosterone 31-45 leptin Mus musculus 125-131 12591016-0 2003 Role of leptin on alcohol-induced oxidative stress in Swiss mice. Alcohols 18-25 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 12591016-5 2003 Leptin administration to control and alcohol-treated mice significantly reduced the weight gain, significantly elevated the liver and kidney levels of TBARS and CD, and significantly lowered the levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants as compared with the untreated control and alcohol supplemented mice. Alcohols 37-44 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12591016-5 2003 Leptin administration to control and alcohol-treated mice significantly reduced the weight gain, significantly elevated the liver and kidney levels of TBARS and CD, and significantly lowered the levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants as compared with the untreated control and alcohol supplemented mice. Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances 151-156 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12591016-5 2003 Leptin administration to control and alcohol-treated mice significantly reduced the weight gain, significantly elevated the liver and kidney levels of TBARS and CD, and significantly lowered the levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants as compared with the untreated control and alcohol supplemented mice. Cadmium 161-163 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12591016-5 2003 Leptin administration to control and alcohol-treated mice significantly reduced the weight gain, significantly elevated the liver and kidney levels of TBARS and CD, and significantly lowered the levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants as compared with the untreated control and alcohol supplemented mice. Alcohols 285-292 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12704794-2 2003 We, and others, have demonstrated that leptin is critical to the development of liver fibrogenesis both in vitro and in the lean littermates of ob/ob mice exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)). Carbon Tetrachloride 166-186 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 12704794-2 2003 We, and others, have demonstrated that leptin is critical to the development of liver fibrogenesis both in vitro and in the lean littermates of ob/ob mice exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)). Cefaclor 188-191 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 12704794-5 2003 Actinomycin D, but not cyclohexamide, or the pan-neutralizing antibody to transforming growth factor beta one (TGFbeta1), significantly diminished the effect of leptin on total alpha2(I) collagen mRNA levels. Dactinomycin 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 161-167 12704794-6 2003 Further evidence that leptin acts directly on HSCs to alter gene expression in liver wounding is demonstrated by enhanced binding of phosphorylated signal transduction and activator of transcription factor 3 (pStat3) to a cis-inducible element (SIE) oligonucleotide by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Oligonucleotides 250-265 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 21207681-0 2003 [Effect of leptin on plasma cholesterol in mice with hyperlipemia]. Cholesterol 28-39 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 12702556-3 2003 Both effective interventions reduced total body weight, lean mass, and fat mass and increased daily urinary corticosterone output, but only CR reduced serum insulin-like growth factor I and leptin. Chromium 140-142 leptin Mus musculus 190-196 12644303-5 2003 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes differentiated by the insulin/indomethacin (I/I) method produced leptin at levels that were two times higher than those obtained in cells differentiated by the more traditional insulin/dexamethasone/isobutylmethylxanthine (I/D/M) method. Indomethacin 52-64 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 12644303-5 2003 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes differentiated by the insulin/indomethacin (I/I) method produced leptin at levels that were two times higher than those obtained in cells differentiated by the more traditional insulin/dexamethasone/isobutylmethylxanthine (I/D/M) method. Dexamethasone 207-220 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 12644303-9 2003 Incubation of cells with 0.5 mM db-cAMP led to a more prominent inhibition of leptin expression and secretion (up to 80% at 1 and 24 h, respectively). Bucladesine 32-39 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 12563025-3 2003 Administration of leptin for 8 days to young adult Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice normalized their food intake, plasma insulin concentration, and insulin secretion in response to glucose, acetylcholine, and leptin. Glucose 169-176 leptin Mus musculus 59-62 12563024-0 2003 Leptin constrains phospholipase C-protein kinase C-induced insulin secretion via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent pathway. Phosphatidylinositols 83-103 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12563025-3 2003 Administration of leptin for 8 days to young adult Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice normalized their food intake, plasma insulin concentration, and insulin secretion in response to glucose, acetylcholine, and leptin. Acetylcholine 178-191 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 12563024-4 2003 Additionally, the possible role for PI 3-K and PDE in leptin-induced control of acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion was examined. Acetylcholine 80-93 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 12563025-3 2003 Administration of leptin for 8 days to young adult Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice normalized their food intake, plasma insulin concentration, and insulin secretion in response to glucose, acetylcholine, and leptin. Acetylcholine 178-191 leptin Mus musculus 59-62 12563024-7 2003 But, preincubation of islets with wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI 3-K activity, blocked the ability of leptin to constrain acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion from islets of Lep(ob)/Lep(ob)mice. Wortmannin 34-44 leptin Mus musculus 102-108 12559473-6 2003 Serum leptin concentration was positively correlated with body weight and body fat, and negatively correlated with adipose Zn concentration. Zinc 123-125 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 12563024-7 2003 But, preincubation of islets with wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI 3-K activity, blocked the ability of leptin to constrain acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion from islets of Lep(ob)/Lep(ob)mice. Wortmannin 34-44 leptin Mus musculus 177-180 12563024-7 2003 But, preincubation of islets with wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI 3-K activity, blocked the ability of leptin to constrain acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion from islets of Lep(ob)/Lep(ob)mice. Wortmannin 34-44 leptin Mus musculus 185-188 12563024-7 2003 But, preincubation of islets with wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI 3-K activity, blocked the ability of leptin to constrain acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion from islets of Lep(ob)/Lep(ob)mice. Acetylcholine 122-135 leptin Mus musculus 102-108 12563024-7 2003 But, preincubation of islets with wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI 3-K activity, blocked the ability of leptin to constrain acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion from islets of Lep(ob)/Lep(ob)mice. Acetylcholine 122-135 leptin Mus musculus 177-180 12563024-7 2003 But, preincubation of islets with wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI 3-K activity, blocked the ability of leptin to constrain acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion from islets of Lep(ob)/Lep(ob)mice. Acetylcholine 122-135 leptin Mus musculus 185-188 12563025-3 2003 Administration of leptin for 8 days to young adult Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) mice normalized their food intake, plasma insulin concentration, and insulin secretion in response to glucose, acetylcholine, and leptin. Glucose 169-176 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 12524469-3 2003 In contrast, both low and high fat-fed leptin-infused mice were less fat than their phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) controls after 13 days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 84-109 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 12520167-0 2003 Okadaic acid decreases the leptin content in isolated mouse fat pads. Okadaic Acid 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 12520167-1 2003 Okadaic acid (OA) decreased the leptin content in isolated mouse fat pads in a time and dose-dependent manner. Okadaic Acid 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 12520167-1 2003 Okadaic acid (OA) decreased the leptin content in isolated mouse fat pads in a time and dose-dependent manner. Okadaic Acid 14-16 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 12520167-5 2003 The proteasome fraction, which had been separated from the fat pads pretreated with OA, enhanced the proteolytic degradation of exogenous [(125)I]leptin in the presence of an ATP-regenerating system together with an ubiquitination system. Adenosine Triphosphate 175-178 leptin Mus musculus 146-152 12559473-10 2003 In summary, the reduced adipose Zn concentrations in HF-fed mice and the negative correlation between serum leptin and adipose Zn concentrations support an interrelationship among obesity, leptin and Zn metabolism. Zinc 127-129 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 12559473-10 2003 In summary, the reduced adipose Zn concentrations in HF-fed mice and the negative correlation between serum leptin and adipose Zn concentrations support an interrelationship among obesity, leptin and Zn metabolism. Zinc 127-129 leptin Mus musculus 189-195 12559473-10 2003 In summary, the reduced adipose Zn concentrations in HF-fed mice and the negative correlation between serum leptin and adipose Zn concentrations support an interrelationship among obesity, leptin and Zn metabolism. Zinc 127-129 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 12559473-10 2003 In summary, the reduced adipose Zn concentrations in HF-fed mice and the negative correlation between serum leptin and adipose Zn concentrations support an interrelationship among obesity, leptin and Zn metabolism. Zinc 127-129 leptin Mus musculus 189-195 12678663-2 2003 On day 5 of incubation, 0.1 microg or 1 microg of recombinant mice leptin in 50 microl of phosphate buffered saline were injected into the albumen of eggs. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 90-115 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 12413939-7 2002 In addition, leptin treatment increased the basal or synergistically enhanced IL-15- and poly I:C-induced specific lysis of splenocytes in normal littermates but not in db/db mice. Poly I-C 89-97 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 12200416-0 2002 Glucose-dependent regulation of cholesterol ester metabolism in macrophages by insulin and leptin. Glucose 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 12200416-0 2002 Glucose-dependent regulation of cholesterol ester metabolism in macrophages by insulin and leptin. Cholesterol Esters 32-49 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 12200416-4 2002 In the presence of high glucose, both insulin and leptin increased the rate of cholesterol ester synthesis, although they did not further increase uptake of acetylated low density lipoprotein. Glucose 24-31 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 12200416-4 2002 In the presence of high glucose, both insulin and leptin increased the rate of cholesterol ester synthesis, although they did not further increase uptake of acetylated low density lipoprotein. Cholesterol Esters 79-96 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 12200416-6 2002 Because ACAT is the main enzyme responsible for cholesterol ester synthesis and HSL contributes significantly to neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase activity, this suggests that glucose primes the J774.2 cells so that in the presence of high insulin or leptin they will store cholesterol esters. Glucose 178-185 leptin Mus musculus 253-259 12411410-5 2002 After 24 h of incubation, leptin (1-10 micro g ml(-1)) potently synergized with IFN-gamma (100 U ml(-1)) in nitric oxide (NO) release, evaluated as nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in culture medium. Nitric Oxide 108-120 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 12411410-5 2002 After 24 h of incubation, leptin (1-10 micro g ml(-1)) potently synergized with IFN-gamma (100 U ml(-1)) in nitric oxide (NO) release, evaluated as nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in culture medium. Nitrites 148-155 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 12411410-5 2002 After 24 h of incubation, leptin (1-10 micro g ml(-1)) potently synergized with IFN-gamma (100 U ml(-1)) in nitric oxide (NO) release, evaluated as nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in culture medium. Nitrates 160-167 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 12411410-5 2002 After 24 h of incubation, leptin (1-10 micro g ml(-1)) potently synergized with IFN-gamma (100 U ml(-1)) in nitric oxide (NO) release, evaluated as nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in culture medium. Prostaglandins E 181-196 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 12411410-5 2002 After 24 h of incubation, leptin (1-10 micro g ml(-1)) potently synergized with IFN-gamma (100 U ml(-1)) in nitric oxide (NO) release, evaluated as nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in culture medium. Prostaglandins E 201-204 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 12411410-9 2002 When cells were stimulated only with leptin, a weak induction of NO and PGE(2) release and of the expression of related inducible enzymes was observed. Dinoprostone 72-78 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 12421341-12 2002 groups, corticosterone concentrations exhibited a decline across groups: vehicle-sham>leptin-sham>ADX-vehicle>ADX-leptin. Corticosterone 8-22 leptin Mus musculus 123-129 12361713-0 2002 Orthovanadate decreases the leptin content in isolated mouse fat pads via proteasome activation. Vanadates 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 12361713-1 2002 When isolated mouse fat pads were incubated with insulin or sodium orthovanadate (vanadate) for up to 4h, the intracellular leptin content was increased by insulin, while it was decreased by vanadate. Sodium orthovanadate 60-80 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 12361713-1 2002 When isolated mouse fat pads were incubated with insulin or sodium orthovanadate (vanadate) for up to 4h, the intracellular leptin content was increased by insulin, while it was decreased by vanadate. Vanadates 72-80 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 12361713-1 2002 When isolated mouse fat pads were incubated with insulin or sodium orthovanadate (vanadate) for up to 4h, the intracellular leptin content was increased by insulin, while it was decreased by vanadate. 4h 102-104 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 12361713-1 2002 When isolated mouse fat pads were incubated with insulin or sodium orthovanadate (vanadate) for up to 4h, the intracellular leptin content was increased by insulin, while it was decreased by vanadate. Vanadates 82-90 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 12361713-2 2002 Bupranolol, a beta3-adrenergic receptor antagonist, prevented both effects of vanadate, i.e., the decrease in intracellular leptin and increase in cellular cAMP content, while BRL 37344, a beta3-adrenergic receptor antagonist mimicked the action of vanadate. Bupranolol 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 12361713-2 2002 Bupranolol, a beta3-adrenergic receptor antagonist, prevented both effects of vanadate, i.e., the decrease in intracellular leptin and increase in cellular cAMP content, while BRL 37344, a beta3-adrenergic receptor antagonist mimicked the action of vanadate. Vanadates 78-86 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 12361713-3 2002 H-89 prevented the vanadate-induced decrease in intracellular leptin, suggesting the involvement of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 12361713-3 2002 H-89 prevented the vanadate-induced decrease in intracellular leptin, suggesting the involvement of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Vanadates 19-27 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 12361713-3 2002 H-89 prevented the vanadate-induced decrease in intracellular leptin, suggesting the involvement of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Cyclic AMP 102-106 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 12660884-5 2002 A reduction in leptin during fasting evoked a greater response in C57Bl/6J mice by decreasing energy expenditure and thyroxin, increasing corticosterone and stimulating food intake and weight gain during refeeding. Thyroxine 117-125 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 12660884-5 2002 A reduction in leptin during fasting evoked a greater response in C57Bl/6J mice by decreasing energy expenditure and thyroxin, increasing corticosterone and stimulating food intake and weight gain during refeeding. Corticosterone 138-152 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 12421341-0 2002 Effects of leptin on arcuate pro-opiomelanocortin and cocaine-amphetamine-regulated transcript expression are independent of circulating levels of corticosterone. Cocaine 54-61 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 12421341-0 2002 Effects of leptin on arcuate pro-opiomelanocortin and cocaine-amphetamine-regulated transcript expression are independent of circulating levels of corticosterone. Amphetamine 62-73 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 12421341-12 2002 groups, corticosterone concentrations exhibited a decline across groups: vehicle-sham>leptin-sham>ADX-vehicle>ADX-leptin. Corticosterone 8-22 leptin Mus musculus 89-95 12361713-5 2002 Similar concentrations of MG-132, a membrane-permeable proteasome inhibitor, prevented the vanadate-induced decrease in both intracellular leptin content and leptin secretion, suggesting the involvement of the proteasome in the vanadate action. benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde 26-32 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 12361713-5 2002 Similar concentrations of MG-132, a membrane-permeable proteasome inhibitor, prevented the vanadate-induced decrease in both intracellular leptin content and leptin secretion, suggesting the involvement of the proteasome in the vanadate action. benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde 26-32 leptin Mus musculus 158-164 12361713-5 2002 Similar concentrations of MG-132, a membrane-permeable proteasome inhibitor, prevented the vanadate-induced decrease in both intracellular leptin content and leptin secretion, suggesting the involvement of the proteasome in the vanadate action. Vanadates 91-99 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 12361713-5 2002 Similar concentrations of MG-132, a membrane-permeable proteasome inhibitor, prevented the vanadate-induced decrease in both intracellular leptin content and leptin secretion, suggesting the involvement of the proteasome in the vanadate action. Vanadates 91-99 leptin Mus musculus 158-164 12361713-6 2002 The proteasome fraction separated from the vanadate-treated fat pads increased the degradation of exogenous [125I]leptin in the presence of an ATP-regenerating system together with an ubiqutination system. Vanadates 43-51 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 12361713-6 2002 The proteasome fraction separated from the vanadate-treated fat pads increased the degradation of exogenous [125I]leptin in the presence of an ATP-regenerating system together with an ubiqutination system. Adenosine Triphosphate 143-146 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 12361713-9 2002 The 8-Br-cAMP-treated proteasome fraction increased the degradation of the exogenous leptin. 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate 4-13 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 12361713-11 2002 These results indicate that vanadate decreases the intracellular leptin content by increased degradation via a cAMP/PKA-dependent process involving proteasome activation. Vanadates 28-36 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 12361713-11 2002 These results indicate that vanadate decreases the intracellular leptin content by increased degradation via a cAMP/PKA-dependent process involving proteasome activation. Cyclic AMP 111-115 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 12239099-4 2002 Leptin-infused C57BL/6J db/db mice gained more weight ( approximately 20%; P < 0.04) than PBS-infused controls. Lead 93-96 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12379502-6 2002 Interestingly, acute pretreatment of fully differentiated brown adipocytes with leptin (100 nM) significantly diminished insulin-induced glucose uptake by approximately 25%. Glucose 137-144 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 12239279-9 2002 Rosiglitazone increased carboxypeptidase B expression in both lep/lep and normal mice suggesting that this might be an independent effect of rosiglitazone that contributes to improved insulin processing. Rosiglitazone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 62-65 12085344-0 2002 Leptin is required for fibrogenic responses induced by thioacetamide in the murine liver. Thioacetamide 55-68 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 12239279-9 2002 Rosiglitazone increased carboxypeptidase B expression in both lep/lep and normal mice suggesting that this might be an independent effect of rosiglitazone that contributes to improved insulin processing. Rosiglitazone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 66-69 12021050-0 2002 Serotonergic activation rescues reproductive function in fasted mice: does serotonin mediate the metabolic effects of leptin on reproduction? Serotonin 75-84 leptin Mus musculus 118-124 12006366-3 2002 One week of feeding with a highly saturated fat diet resulted in ~50 and 20% reduction in hypothalamic arcuate NPY and AgRP mRNA levels, respectively, compared with a low-fat or an n-3 or n-6 polyunsaturated high-fat (PUFA) diet without change in energy intake, fat mass, plasma leptin levels, and leptin receptor or POMC mRNA. saturated 34-43 leptin Mus musculus 279-285 12006366-3 2002 One week of feeding with a highly saturated fat diet resulted in ~50 and 20% reduction in hypothalamic arcuate NPY and AgRP mRNA levels, respectively, compared with a low-fat or an n-3 or n-6 polyunsaturated high-fat (PUFA) diet without change in energy intake, fat mass, plasma leptin levels, and leptin receptor or POMC mRNA. saturated 34-43 leptin Mus musculus 298-304 12021050-9 2002 Fluoxetine also rescued estrous cycles in fasted mice (4.7 +/- 0.6 days), suggesting that 5HT and leptin have similar positive effects on reproduction. Fluoxetine 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 98-104 12021050-10 2002 Coadministration of the 5HT 1/2/7 receptor-antagonist metergoline blocked rescue of cycle length by fluoxetine and by leptin. Metergoline 54-65 leptin Mus musculus 118-124 12021050-11 2002 Treating leptin-deficient ob/ob and leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice with fluoxetine did not normalize body weight or rescue fertility, perhaps due to altered serotonergic tone in these animals. Fluoxetine 78-88 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 12047717-2 2002 Here, we report on the distribution of neurones that accumulate leptin in the raphe nuclei of male and female rats after intracerebroventricular administration of mouse recombinant leptin labelled with digoxigenin. Digoxigenin 202-213 leptin Mus musculus 181-187 12055606-1 2002 BACKGROUND & AIMS: In addition to acting as a regulator of food intake and energy expenditure, leptin can also modulate immune and inflammatory responses. Adenosine Monophosphate 12-15 leptin Mus musculus 99-105 15379918-4 2002 The other parameters were not significantly influenced by exogenous leptin, but there was a trend towards increased gluconeogenesis and glycogen storage due to leptin treatment. Glycogen 136-144 leptin Mus musculus 160-166 15379918-8 2002 In nature, one function of leptin could be carbohydrate preservation. Carbohydrates 43-55 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 11967222-6 2002 Measurements of cAMP within oocytes cultured with leptin showed that this enhanced ability to resume meiosis does not occur via activation of phosphodiesterase 3B and subsequent cAMP reduction. Cyclic AMP 16-20 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 12022998-13 2002 These data suggest that genetically obese, leptin-deficient mice have decreased responses to acetylcholine, neuropeptide Y, and cholecystokinin. Acetylcholine 93-106 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 11959686-5 2002 Culture with inhibitors of translation (cycloheximide) or transcription (actinomycin-D) abrogated the induction of leptin following TNF-alpha. Cycloheximide 40-53 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 11959686-5 2002 Culture with inhibitors of translation (cycloheximide) or transcription (actinomycin-D) abrogated the induction of leptin following TNF-alpha. Dactinomycin 73-86 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 11959686-9 2002 PGJ treatment markedly blunted the TNF-alpha-induced increase in leptin, TNF-alpha, and interleukin-6 gene expression in epididymal adipose tissue. 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 11937559-10 2002 Leukotriene production was restored by the addition of exogenous leptin (500 ng/ml) to macrophages in vitro. Leukotrienes 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 11882498-7 2002 Plasma corticosterone was significantly higher in leptin-treated CR vs. MA mice. Corticosterone 7-21 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 11943204-1 2002 Using a method involving repeated oxygen uptake (MO(2)) determinations in skeletal muscle ex vivo, the addition of leptin was found to increase MO(2) in soleus muscles from lean mice. Oxygen 34-40 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 11982586-2 2002 In this study we have demonstrated that continuous injection of leptin prevents the reduction in lymphocyte numbers normally observed in fasted and steroid-injected mice. Steroids 148-155 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 11972298-7 2002 The results suggest that leptin can act directly on L6 muscle cellsvia a short leptin receptor isoform to acutely stimulate basal (but not insulin-stimulated) glucose uptake via a PI3K-dependent pathway. Glucose 159-166 leptin Mus musculus 25-31 11972298-0 2002 Acute stimulation of glucose uptake by leptin in l6 muscle cells. Glucose 21-28 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 11972298-2 2002 In this study, we have examined effects of leptin on glucose uptake by cultured L6 muscle cells assessed with the non-metabolised glucose analogue 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Glucose 53-60 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 11972298-4 2002 In the absence of added insulin, incubation of L6 muscle cells with murine leptin (10( -11)-10( -8) M) for 10 min and 1 h increased glucose uptake by 15 % - 23 %. Glucose 132-139 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 11972298-5 2002 This effect of leptin was lost by 4 h. Leptin (10( -10) - 10( -9) M) initially (after 10 min) suppressed insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by 14 - 16 %, but had no effect in the longer term. Glucose 124-131 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 11972298-5 2002 This effect of leptin was lost by 4 h. Leptin (10( -10) - 10( -9) M) initially (after 10 min) suppressed insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by 14 - 16 %, but had no effect in the longer term. Glucose 124-131 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 11972298-6 2002 Leptin-stimulated glucose uptake was inhibited by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor wortmannin, but not by the janus kinase-2 (JAK-2) inhibitor tyrphostin AG490. Glucose 18-25 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11972298-6 2002 Leptin-stimulated glucose uptake was inhibited by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor wortmannin, but not by the janus kinase-2 (JAK-2) inhibitor tyrphostin AG490. Wortmannin 101-111 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11914033-1 2002 We hypothesized that liver fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is compromised in the leptin-deficient obese (Lep(ob)/Lep(ob)) mouse model, and that this would be further challenged when these mice were fed a high-fat diet. Fatty Acids 27-37 leptin Mus musculus 100-103 11964566-0 2002 Chronic ethanol consumption increases plasma leptin levels and alters leptin receptors in the hypothalamus and the perigonadal fat of C57BL/6 mice. Ethanol 8-15 leptin Mus musculus 45-51 11964566-0 2002 Chronic ethanol consumption increases plasma leptin levels and alters leptin receptors in the hypothalamus and the perigonadal fat of C57BL/6 mice. Ethanol 8-15 leptin Mus musculus 70-76 11964566-4 2002 Previous studies demonstrated that chronic ethanol consumption increases body adiposity and circulating leptin levels. Ethanol 43-50 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 11964566-5 2002 This study examined the effect of chronic alcohol intake on the expression of leptin receptors and associated STAT second messengers in the hypothalamus and fat tissue. Alcohols 42-49 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 11964566-10 2002 The overall expression of leptin receptors was increased while the expression of the physiologically active long form of leptin receptor was decreased in the hypothalamus and the perigonadal fat of ethanol-consuming mice. Ethanol 198-205 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 11964566-10 2002 The overall expression of leptin receptors was increased while the expression of the physiologically active long form of leptin receptor was decreased in the hypothalamus and the perigonadal fat of ethanol-consuming mice. Ethanol 198-205 leptin Mus musculus 121-127 11964566-11 2002 Ethanol consumption also decreased hypothalamic expression of STAT3, a protein associated with leptin receptor activation in this region of the brain. Ethanol 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 95-101 11964566-12 2002 In contrast, STAT1, a protein associated with leptin receptor activation in adipose tissue, was significantly elevated in the perigonadal fat of ethanol-consuming mice. Ethanol 145-152 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 11964566-13 2002 CONCLUSIONS: Chronic ethanol consumption increases the circulating level of leptin, and this is accompanied by altered expression of leptin-sensing molecules in the hypothalamus and peripheral adipose tissue. Ethanol 21-28 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 11964566-13 2002 CONCLUSIONS: Chronic ethanol consumption increases the circulating level of leptin, and this is accompanied by altered expression of leptin-sensing molecules in the hypothalamus and peripheral adipose tissue. Ethanol 21-28 leptin Mus musculus 133-139 11964566-14 2002 These results suggest that chronic ethanol intake affects metabolism by altering the leptin system that regulates energy balance. Ethanol 35-42 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 11882595-8 2002 ICV leptin caused in RSNA a significant and dose-dependent increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity that was of the same magnitude in the lean and agouti obese mice. rsna 21-25 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 11972298-7 2002 The results suggest that leptin can act directly on L6 muscle cellsvia a short leptin receptor isoform to acutely stimulate basal (but not insulin-stimulated) glucose uptake via a PI3K-dependent pathway. Glucose 159-166 leptin Mus musculus 79-85 11890964-5 2002 All of the mice lost body weight following a single intracerebroventricular injection of leptin but the effect was greater in female BAPa mice than any other group. Benzoylarginine Nitroanilide 133-137 leptin Mus musculus 89-95 11774095-13 2002 Conversely, in mesangial cells, leptin upregulates synthesis of the TGF-beta type II receptor, but not TGF-beta1, and stimulates glucose transport and type I collagen production through signal transduction pathways involving phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase. Glucose 129-136 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 11908907-6 2002 Serum concentrations of campesterol and the ratio of campesterol to cholesterol in ob/ob mice were significantly higher compared to wild-type mice (2.2 +/- 0.3 mg/dL vs. 1.2 +/- 0.3 mg/dL, P< 0.001; and 36.8 +/- 2.8 microg/mg vs. 28.0 +/- 3.3 microg/mg, P < 0.001). Cholesterol 68-79 leptin Mus musculus 83-85 11908907-7 2002 After treatment of ob/ob mice with leptin, concentrations of campesterol and its ratio to cholesterol were significantly lower (2.2 +/- 0.3 mg/dL vs. 1.0 +/- 0.2 microg/mg, P < 0.001; and 36.8 +/- 2.8 microg/mg vs. 13.2 +/- 2.2 microg/mg, P < 0.001, respectively). campesterol 61-72 leptin Mus musculus 19-21 11908907-7 2002 After treatment of ob/ob mice with leptin, concentrations of campesterol and its ratio to cholesterol were significantly lower (2.2 +/- 0.3 mg/dL vs. 1.0 +/- 0.2 microg/mg, P < 0.001; and 36.8 +/- 2.8 microg/mg vs. 13.2 +/- 2.2 microg/mg, P < 0.001, respectively). campesterol 61-72 leptin Mus musculus 22-24 11908907-7 2002 After treatment of ob/ob mice with leptin, concentrations of campesterol and its ratio to cholesterol were significantly lower (2.2 +/- 0.3 mg/dL vs. 1.0 +/- 0.2 microg/mg, P < 0.001; and 36.8 +/- 2.8 microg/mg vs. 13.2 +/- 2.2 microg/mg, P < 0.001, respectively). Cholesterol 90-101 leptin Mus musculus 19-21 12453501-5 2002 Administration of METH and KA resulted in mortality among ob/ob mice but not among their lean littermates. Methamphetamine 18-22 leptin Mus musculus 58-60 12453501-5 2002 Administration of METH and KA resulted in mortality among ob/ob mice but not among their lean littermates. Methamphetamine 18-22 leptin Mus musculus 61-63 12453501-9 2002 The neurotoxic outcome in ob/ob mice remained exacerbated even when lean and ob/ob mice were dosed with METH or KA based only on a lean body mass. Methamphetamine 104-108 leptin Mus musculus 26-28 12453501-9 2002 The neurotoxic outcome in ob/ob mice remained exacerbated even when lean and ob/ob mice were dosed with METH or KA based only on a lean body mass. Methamphetamine 104-108 leptin Mus musculus 29-31 12453501-9 2002 The neurotoxic outcome in ob/ob mice remained exacerbated even when lean and ob/ob mice were dosed with METH or KA based only on a lean body mass. Methamphetamine 104-108 leptin Mus musculus 29-31 12453501-9 2002 The neurotoxic outcome in ob/ob mice remained exacerbated even when lean and ob/ob mice were dosed with METH or KA based only on a lean body mass. Methamphetamine 104-108 leptin Mus musculus 29-31 12453501-10 2002 Administration of METH or KA resulted in up-regulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 to a greater extent in the ob/ob mice, an effect known to reduce ATP yield and facilitate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Methamphetamine 18-22 leptin Mus musculus 124-126 12453501-10 2002 Administration of METH or KA resulted in up-regulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 to a greater extent in the ob/ob mice, an effect known to reduce ATP yield and facilitate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Methamphetamine 18-22 leptin Mus musculus 127-129 12453501-10 2002 Administration of METH or KA resulted in up-regulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 to a greater extent in the ob/ob mice, an effect known to reduce ATP yield and facilitate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Adenosine Triphosphate 162-165 leptin Mus musculus 124-126 12453501-10 2002 Administration of METH or KA resulted in up-regulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 to a greater extent in the ob/ob mice, an effect known to reduce ATP yield and facilitate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Adenosine Triphosphate 162-165 leptin Mus musculus 127-129 11774095-17 2002 Additional previously described direct and indirect effects of leptin on the kidney include natriuresis, increased sympathetic nervous activity, and stimulation of reactive oxygen species. Reactive Oxygen Species 164-187 leptin Mus musculus 63-69 11795485-2 2001 In this study, the effects of insulin, epinephrine, growth hormone or dexamethasone on the expression of leptin was examined in mouse primary adipocytes. Epinephrine 39-50 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 11795485-2 2001 In this study, the effects of insulin, epinephrine, growth hormone or dexamethasone on the expression of leptin was examined in mouse primary adipocytes. Dexamethasone 70-83 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 11795485-4 2001 Insulin (100 nM) or dexamethasone (100 nM) stimulated leptin mRNA transcription while epinephrine (100 nM) alleviated its transcription in mouse primary adipocytes. Dexamethasone 20-33 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 11795485-5 2001 The level of leptin protein in cultured media of adipocytes treated with insulin or dexamethasone was higher than that of the control group but growth hormone or epinephrine treatment had no effect on them. Dexamethasone 84-97 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 11795485-8 2001 These results indicate that both insulin and dexamethasone stimulate leptin gene expression and secretion of its product, whereas, growth hormone has no effect on the expression of leptin gene in mouse adipocytes. Dexamethasone 45-58 leptin Mus musculus 69-75 11742217-1 2001 The present study explored the efficacy of leptin in protecting against in vivo induction of excitotoxic lesions by the glutamatergic analogue ibotenate injected into the developing mouse brain and against in vitro NMDA-induced cell death in primary neuronal cultures. Ibotenic Acid 143-152 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 11908907-4 2002 In ob/ob mice, cholesterol absorption was significantly higher compared to wild-type mice [83.4 +/- 2.3% (SD) vs. 77.6 +/- 1.5%, P < 0.01]. Cholesterol 15-26 leptin Mus musculus 3-5 11908907-4 2002 In ob/ob mice, cholesterol absorption was significantly higher compared to wild-type mice [83.4 +/- 2.3% (SD) vs. 77.6 +/- 1.5%, P < 0.01]. Cholesterol 15-26 leptin Mus musculus 6-8 11742217-1 2001 The present study explored the efficacy of leptin in protecting against in vivo induction of excitotoxic lesions by the glutamatergic analogue ibotenate injected into the developing mouse brain and against in vitro NMDA-induced cell death in primary neuronal cultures. N-Methylaspartate 215-219 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 11742217-7 2001 in vitro, leptin afforded significant neuroprotection of mouse cortical neurons against NMDA cytotoxicity. N-Methylaspartate 88-92 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 11742217-8 2001 The neuroprotective effect of leptin was antagonized both in vivo and in vitro by the Jak2 inhibitor AG490, indicating that it was mediated via the leptin receptor and Jak2 activation. alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide 101-106 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 11742217-8 2001 The neuroprotective effect of leptin was antagonized both in vivo and in vitro by the Jak2 inhibitor AG490, indicating that it was mediated via the leptin receptor and Jak2 activation. alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide 101-106 leptin Mus musculus 148-154 12005038-0 2001 Leptin effect on galactose absorption in mice jejunum. Galactose 17-26 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11445560-5 2001 While fasting, diet restriction, and low level leptin treatment significantly lowered TG levels, they caused only slight changes in TC levels. Triglycerides 86-88 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 11795261-3 2001 We found that leptin-deficient ob/ob mice had prolonged times to thrombosis after arterial injury with ferric chloride and that exogenously administered leptin corrected their phenotype in a dose-dependent manner. ferric chloride 103-118 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 11597906-3 2001 In oxygen-breathing mice, serum leptin was increased six- to sevenfold and its mRNA was upregulated in white adipose tissue. Oxygen 3-9 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 11597906-4 2001 Leptin elevation could not be attributed to changes in circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha but was completely dependent on endogenous corticosterone elevation because adrenalectomized mice did not exhibit any increase in leptin levels. Corticosterone 138-152 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11673277-5 2001 High doses of leptin (10(-8)-10(-6) M) and/or pNPY (0.1 and 1 nM) had different effects on LH release at various stages of sexual development. Luteinizing Hormone 91-93 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 11673277-6 2001 Porcine NPY alone was weakly effective on basal LH release, but it enhanced LH release induced by leptin (10(-6) M) in late prepuberty but not in early postpuberty. Luteinizing Hormone 76-78 leptin Mus musculus 98-104 11606454-0 2001 Leptin stimulates catecholamine synthesis in a PKC-dependent manner in cultured porcine adrenal medullary chromaffin cells. Catecholamines 18-31 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11606454-0 2001 Leptin stimulates catecholamine synthesis in a PKC-dependent manner in cultured porcine adrenal medullary chromaffin cells. chromaffin 106-116 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11606454-1 2001 We have previously shown that murine recombinant leptin directly stimulates catecholamine synthesis through the long form of the leptin receptor (Ob-Rb) expressed in cultured porcine chromaffin cells. Catecholamines 76-89 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 11606454-2 2001 Additionally, we found that leptin activates IP3 production after PLC activation. Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate 45-48 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 11606454-4 2001 Therefore, we investigated the involvement of PKC in leptin-induced catecholamine synthesis. Catecholamines 68-81 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 11606454-5 2001 Leptin was found to induce significant increases in PKC activity in a dose-dependent manner (1, 10, and 100 nM); chelation of extracellular Ca(2+) by EDTA abolished this PKC stimulatory activity. Edetic Acid 150-154 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11606454-8 2001 TH enzyme activity and TH mRNA levels induced by 100 nM leptin were significantly inhibited by the PKC inhibitor Ro 32-0432 as well as by EDTA. Ro 32-0432 113-123 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 11606454-8 2001 TH enzyme activity and TH mRNA levels induced by 100 nM leptin were significantly inhibited by the PKC inhibitor Ro 32-0432 as well as by EDTA. Edetic Acid 138-142 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 11606454-9 2001 In addition, increases in TH protein and intracellular catecholamine content stimulated by leptin were completely inhibited by Ro 32-0432. Catecholamines 55-68 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 11606454-10 2001 Leptin markedly activated ERKs and, to a lesser extent, JNK; these stimulatory effects on ERKs and JNK were completely inhibited by Ro 32-0432 as well as EDTA. Ro 32-0432 132-142 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11606454-10 2001 Leptin markedly activated ERKs and, to a lesser extent, JNK; these stimulatory effects on ERKs and JNK were completely inhibited by Ro 32-0432 as well as EDTA. Edetic Acid 154-158 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11606454-13 2001 Nicardipine and omega-conotoxin GVIA, each at 1 microM, were effective at inhibiting leptin-induced TH enzyme activity, TH mRNA accumulation, PKC activity, and ERK activity. Nicardipine 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 11606454-14 2001 Leptin increased activating protein-1 DNA-binding activity, and this was diminished by Ro 32-0432 as well as EDTA, similar to the reduction of TH mRNA levels. Ro 32-0432 87-97 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11606454-14 2001 Leptin increased activating protein-1 DNA-binding activity, and this was diminished by Ro 32-0432 as well as EDTA, similar to the reduction of TH mRNA levels. Edetic Acid 109-113 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11606454-16 2001 These results indicate that leptin stimulates Ca(2+)-dependent PKC isoform-dependent catecholamine synthesis in porcine chromaffin cells. Catecholamines 85-98 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 11606454-17 2001 Previously, we had shown that leptin stimulated cAMP. Cyclic AMP 48-52 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 11606454-18 2001 The present study also showed that H89 (a PKA inhibitor) moderately, but significantly, inhibited leptin-induced ERK and TH mRNA. N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide 35-38 leptin Mus musculus 98-104 11606454-19 2001 Consistent with this finding, leptin is shown here to activate novel PKC epsilon, which is assumed to stimulate Raf, upstream of ERKs, via cAMP, supporting the suggestion that Ca(2+)-independent novel PKC may also play some physiological role in regulating catecholamine synthesis. Cyclic AMP 139-143 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 11606454-19 2001 Consistent with this finding, leptin is shown here to activate novel PKC epsilon, which is assumed to stimulate Raf, upstream of ERKs, via cAMP, supporting the suggestion that Ca(2+)-independent novel PKC may also play some physiological role in regulating catecholamine synthesis. Catecholamines 257-270 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 11682696-6 2001 Leptin addition to islets isolated from 4-day, and 2-, and 4-week-old leptin-deficient mice rapidly (i.e., within 30 min) suppressed acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion at each stage of development. Acetylcholine 133-146 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11682696-8 2001 Leptin targets pancreatic islets early in development to specifically constrain the overall capacity for acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion, and to acutely modulate this secretion. Acetylcholine 105-118 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11551957-3 2001 Ob/ob mice showed a profound decrease in mRNAs encoding genes controlling bile acid synthesis and transport as well as a variety of apolipoprotein genes and hepatic lipase with reversal upon leptin administration, suggesting that leptin coordinately regulates high density lipoprotein and bile salt metabolism. Bile Acids and Salts 74-83 leptin Mus musculus 230-236 11551957-3 2001 Ob/ob mice showed a profound decrease in mRNAs encoding genes controlling bile acid synthesis and transport as well as a variety of apolipoprotein genes and hepatic lipase with reversal upon leptin administration, suggesting that leptin coordinately regulates high density lipoprotein and bile salt metabolism. Bile Acids and Salts 289-298 leptin Mus musculus 191-197 11551957-3 2001 Ob/ob mice showed a profound decrease in mRNAs encoding genes controlling bile acid synthesis and transport as well as a variety of apolipoprotein genes and hepatic lipase with reversal upon leptin administration, suggesting that leptin coordinately regulates high density lipoprotein and bile salt metabolism. Bile Acids and Salts 289-298 leptin Mus musculus 230-236 11551957-4 2001 Leptin administration also resulted in decreased expression of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and urea synthesis, and increased expression of genes mediating fatty acid oxidation, ATP synthesis, and oxidant defenses. Fatty Acids 81-91 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11551957-4 2001 Leptin administration also resulted in decreased expression of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and urea synthesis, and increased expression of genes mediating fatty acid oxidation, ATP synthesis, and oxidant defenses. Cholesterol 96-107 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11551957-4 2001 Leptin administration also resulted in decreased expression of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and urea synthesis, and increased expression of genes mediating fatty acid oxidation, ATP synthesis, and oxidant defenses. Urea 152-156 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11551957-4 2001 Leptin administration also resulted in decreased expression of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and urea synthesis, and increased expression of genes mediating fatty acid oxidation, ATP synthesis, and oxidant defenses. Fatty Acids 212-222 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11551957-4 2001 Leptin administration also resulted in decreased expression of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and urea synthesis, and increased expression of genes mediating fatty acid oxidation, ATP synthesis, and oxidant defenses. Adenosine Triphosphate 234-237 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 11551957-8 2001 Thus, the mRNA levels of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis are rapidly (<1 h) repressed by leptin administration, in association with an acute decrease in plasma insulin levels and decreased sterol regulator element-binding protein-1 expression. Fatty Acids 43-53 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 11551957-8 2001 Thus, the mRNA levels of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis are rapidly (<1 h) repressed by leptin administration, in association with an acute decrease in plasma insulin levels and decreased sterol regulator element-binding protein-1 expression. Cholesterol 58-69 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 11568306-0 2001 Effects of selected minerals on leptin secretion in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice. Streptozocin 52-66 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 11568306-2 2001 After the administration of studied minerals in drinking water for 4 weeks, fasting serum leptin concentrations were elevated, accompanied by normoglycemia in STZ-injected mice, regardless which mineral was provided (P < 0.05). Drinking Water 48-62 leptin Mus musculus 90-96 11568306-4 2001 A low zinc treatment (0.1 mM) augmented, whereas both a pharmacological treatment of zinc (1 mM) and zinc depletion (1 mM TPEN) attenuated, leptin secretion (P < 0.05). N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine 122-126 leptin Mus musculus 140-146 11568306-5 2001 The present study shows that STZ-induced hyperglycemic mice have hypoleptinemia and reduced leptin secretion by adipose tissue. Streptozocin 29-32 leptin Mus musculus 69-75 11590224-1 2001 An anti-leptin receptor polyclonal antibody (receptor antibody), as well as leptin, stimulated the release of free fatty acids from isolated mouse fat pads in a time-dependent manner. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 110-126 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 11590224-1 2001 An anti-leptin receptor polyclonal antibody (receptor antibody), as well as leptin, stimulated the release of free fatty acids from isolated mouse fat pads in a time-dependent manner. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 110-126 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 11590224-5 2001 Short-term incubation of the fat pads with the receptor antibody or leptin showed a transient increase in the cellular content of cAMP and myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) in similar concentrations to the free fatty acid release. Cyclic AMP 130-134 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 11590224-5 2001 Short-term incubation of the fat pads with the receptor antibody or leptin showed a transient increase in the cellular content of cAMP and myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) in similar concentrations to the free fatty acid release. Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate 139-171 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 11590224-5 2001 Short-term incubation of the fat pads with the receptor antibody or leptin showed a transient increase in the cellular content of cAMP and myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) in similar concentrations to the free fatty acid release. Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate 173-176 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 11590224-5 2001 Short-term incubation of the fat pads with the receptor antibody or leptin showed a transient increase in the cellular content of cAMP and myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) in similar concentrations to the free fatty acid release. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 211-226 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 11590224-6 2001 Quin 2-AM and W-7 also inhibited the increase in cAMP content, suggesting that a Ca(2)+/calmodulin-dependent process may be involved in a part of the mechanism in which the receptor antibody and leptin exert their effects. Quin2-acetoxymethyl ester 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 195-201 11590224-6 2001 Quin 2-AM and W-7 also inhibited the increase in cAMP content, suggesting that a Ca(2)+/calmodulin-dependent process may be involved in a part of the mechanism in which the receptor antibody and leptin exert their effects. W 7 14-17 leptin Mus musculus 195-201 11590224-6 2001 Quin 2-AM and W-7 also inhibited the increase in cAMP content, suggesting that a Ca(2)+/calmodulin-dependent process may be involved in a part of the mechanism in which the receptor antibody and leptin exert their effects. Cyclic AMP 49-53 leptin Mus musculus 195-201 11590224-8 2001 Both the receptor antibody and leptin may stimulate the lipolysis through mechanisms involving a transient increase in the cellular IP3 content followed by cAMP production, which leads to the activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate 132-135 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 11590224-8 2001 Both the receptor antibody and leptin may stimulate the lipolysis through mechanisms involving a transient increase in the cellular IP3 content followed by cAMP production, which leads to the activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Cyclic AMP 156-160 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 11445560-7 2001 These data provide evidence that the hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia in the doubly mutant mice are caused by distinct mechanisms and point to the possibility that leptin might have some impact on plasma cholesterol metabolism, possibly through an LDLR-independent pathway. Cholesterol 67-78 leptin Mus musculus 177-183 11495687-1 2001 We have recently shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of secreted mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116-122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Gln-Thr, OB3). Serine 236-239 leptin Mus musculus 127-133 11495687-1 2001 We have recently shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of secreted mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116-122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Gln-Thr, OB3). Cysteine 240-243 leptin Mus musculus 127-133 11495687-1 2001 We have recently shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of secreted mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116-122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Gln-Thr, OB3). Serine 244-247 leptin Mus musculus 127-133 11495687-1 2001 We have recently shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of secreted mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116-122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Gln-Thr, OB3). Leucine 248-251 leptin Mus musculus 127-133 11495687-1 2001 We have recently shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of secreted mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116-122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Gln-Thr, OB3). Glutamine 256-259 leptin Mus musculus 127-133 11495687-1 2001 We have recently shown that the activity of a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of secreted mouse leptin is contained in a restricted sequence at the amino terminus of the peptide, between residues 116-122 (Ser-Cys-Ser-Leu-Pro-Gln-Thr, OB3). Threonine 260-263 leptin Mus musculus 127-133 11456279-1 2001 Absence of leptin secretion compromises reproductive function and fertility in the ob/ob mouse which, when given leptin, shows a rise in serum LH levels and becomes fertile. Luteinizing Hormone 143-145 leptin Mus musculus 113-119 11387233-5 2001 In differentiated T37i cells, insulin induced leptin release ( approximately 0.25 ng/10(6) cells/h) in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50=0.1 nM), and this was totally suppressed by beta3-adrenergic ligand, thiazolidinedione, cycloheximide, or actinomycin D. 2,4-thiazolidinedione 211-228 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 11387233-5 2001 In differentiated T37i cells, insulin induced leptin release ( approximately 0.25 ng/10(6) cells/h) in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50=0.1 nM), and this was totally suppressed by beta3-adrenergic ligand, thiazolidinedione, cycloheximide, or actinomycin D. Cycloheximide 230-243 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 11387233-5 2001 In differentiated T37i cells, insulin induced leptin release ( approximately 0.25 ng/10(6) cells/h) in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50=0.1 nM), and this was totally suppressed by beta3-adrenergic ligand, thiazolidinedione, cycloheximide, or actinomycin D. Dactinomycin 248-261 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 11481614-5 2001 A simultaneous injection of leptin enhanced acute CCl(4)-induced necroinflammatory and subsequent fibrotic changes in the hepatic lobules. Cefaclor 50-53 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 11481614-6 2001 The steady-state messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of alpha1(I) procollagen and heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) in the liver were potentiated when leptin was injected together with CCl(4). Cefaclor 173-176 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 11481614-8 2001 Further, leptin increased transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) mRNA in the liver 24 hours after acute CCl(4) about 4-fold higher than CCl(4) alone. Cefaclor 110-113 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 11481614-8 2001 Further, leptin increased transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) mRNA in the liver 24 hours after acute CCl(4) about 4-fold higher than CCl(4) alone. Cefaclor 142-145 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 11416008-5 2001 Maternal glucose levels were markedly lower during glucose and insulin challenge tests in leptin-treated db/+ mice relative to db/+ and pair-fed controls. Glucose 9-16 leptin Mus musculus 90-96 11416008-5 2001 Maternal glucose levels were markedly lower during glucose and insulin challenge tests in leptin-treated db/+ mice relative to db/+ and pair-fed controls. Glucose 51-58 leptin Mus musculus 90-96 11369443-13 2001 Insulin, IGF-1 and dibutyryl cAMP each caused an approximately two-fold stimulation of leptin promoter activity in 3T3-L1 cells under serum-free conditions, but had no significant effect in the presence of 10% FBS. Cyclic AMP 29-33 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 11371729-0 2001 Free-choice alcohol consumption in mice after application of the appetite regulating peptide leptin. Alcohols 12-19 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 11371729-9 2001 RESULTS: Free-choice ethanol consumption after withdrawal was significantly elevated in mice after intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg leptin (alcohol deprivation effect), but not during basal drinking. Ethanol 21-28 leptin Mus musculus 136-142 11371729-9 2001 RESULTS: Free-choice ethanol consumption after withdrawal was significantly elevated in mice after intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg leptin (alcohol deprivation effect), but not during basal drinking. Alcohols 144-151 leptin Mus musculus 136-142 11371729-10 2001 CONCLUSION: We suggest that leptin may enhance motivation for alcohol consumption in habituated mice after alcohol withdrawal. Alcohols 62-69 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 11371729-10 2001 CONCLUSION: We suggest that leptin may enhance motivation for alcohol consumption in habituated mice after alcohol withdrawal. Alcohols 107-114 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 11278270-7 2001 The time required for the inhibitory action of the TZD was markedly greater for 11beta-HSD-1 gene expression than for leptin, suggesting that these genes may be down-regulated by different molecular mechanisms. 2,4-thiazolidinedione 51-54 leptin Mus musculus 118-124 11356010-5 2001 Both endotoxin and turpentine significantly increased serum leptin and s-leptin R levels compared to control mice. Turpentine 19-29 leptin Mus musculus 60-66 11356010-5 2001 Both endotoxin and turpentine significantly increased serum leptin and s-leptin R levels compared to control mice. Turpentine 19-29 leptin Mus musculus 73-79 11289036-0 2001 Cerulenin mimics effects of leptin on metabolic rate, food intake, and body weight independent of the melanocortin system, but unlike leptin, cerulenin fails to block neuroendocrine effects of fasting. Cerulenin 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 11356010-7 2001 In fact, approximately 50% of total leptin was present in the free form in either control, endotoxin- or turpentine-injected mice. Turpentine 105-115 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 11305589-1 2001 When isolated mouse fat pads were incubated with orthovanadate (vanadate) or insulin for up to 4 h, the leptin secretion into the medium was decreased by vanadate and increased by insulin. Vanadates 49-62 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 11305589-1 2001 When isolated mouse fat pads were incubated with orthovanadate (vanadate) or insulin for up to 4 h, the leptin secretion into the medium was decreased by vanadate and increased by insulin. Vanadates 54-62 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 11305589-1 2001 When isolated mouse fat pads were incubated with orthovanadate (vanadate) or insulin for up to 4 h, the leptin secretion into the medium was decreased by vanadate and increased by insulin. Vanadates 64-72 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 11305589-6 2001 The decreasing effect of vanadate on the leptin secretion seems to be independent of the regulation of protein synthesis. Vanadates 25-33 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 11305589-7 2001 These results suggest that vanadate decreases the leptin secretion through mechanisms involving the increase in cellular cAMP content via beta3-adrenergic receptor, probably leading to the activation of PKA. Vanadates 27-35 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 11305589-7 2001 These results suggest that vanadate decreases the leptin secretion through mechanisms involving the increase in cellular cAMP content via beta3-adrenergic receptor, probably leading to the activation of PKA. Cyclic AMP 121-125 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 11289036-1 2001 Cerulenin and a related compound, C75, have recently been reported to reduce food intake and body weight independent of leptin through a mechanism hypothesized, like leptin, to involve hypothalamic nutrition-sensitive neurons. Cerulenin 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 166-172 11340336-8 2001 The opposite effect of leptin and corticosterone on the expression of POMC and AGRP seems consistent with the reported effects that these hormones and peptides have on food intake and thermogenesis, suggesting that the modulation of POMC and AGRP expression can be a mechanism whereby leptin and corticosterone exert their effects in the regulation of energy balance. Corticosterone 34-48 leptin Mus musculus 285-291 11340336-8 2001 The opposite effect of leptin and corticosterone on the expression of POMC and AGRP seems consistent with the reported effects that these hormones and peptides have on food intake and thermogenesis, suggesting that the modulation of POMC and AGRP expression can be a mechanism whereby leptin and corticosterone exert their effects in the regulation of energy balance. Corticosterone 296-310 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 11139772-6 2001 The apparent values of leptin levels increased in parallel with the amount of OB-Re added to the serum. ob-re 78-83 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 11340336-6 2001 In addition, the present results confirmed the downregulating effects of leptin on the expression of AGRP mRNA in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), and demonstrated that this effect was more apparent in ADX mice treated with corticosterone than in ADX mice not supplemented with corticosterone. Corticosterone 231-245 leptin Mus musculus 73-79 11340336-6 2001 In addition, the present results confirmed the downregulating effects of leptin on the expression of AGRP mRNA in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), and demonstrated that this effect was more apparent in ADX mice treated with corticosterone than in ADX mice not supplemented with corticosterone. Corticosterone 285-299 leptin Mus musculus 73-79 11152662-7 2001 In contrast, the ability of isoproterenol to inhibit leptin release was reduced in adipose tissue from R6/2 mice, as was the lipolytic effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol 28-41 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 11090593-6 2000 The direct effect of leptin on EC nitric oxide (NO) production was also tested by using 4, 5-diaminofluorescein-2 diacetate staining and measurement of nitrate and nitrite concentrations. Nitric Oxide 34-46 leptin Mus musculus 21-27 10859269-0 2000 Steroid-dependent up-regulation of adipose leptin secretion in vitro during pregnancy in mice. Steroids 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 10974645-0 2000 Opposite effects of feeding a vitamin A-deficient diet and retinoic acid treatment on brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), UCP2 and leptin expression. Tretinoin 59-72 leptin Mus musculus 145-151 10974645-2 2000 Feeding a vitamin A-deficient diet tended to trigger opposite effects to those of tRA treatment, namely increased body weight, IBAT weight, adiposity and leptin mRNA expression, and reduced IBAT thermogenic potential in terms of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) mRNA and UCP2 mRNA expression. Vitamin A 10-19 leptin Mus musculus 154-160 11024569-2 2000 The potentiating effect induced by the co-injection of ip CCK and leptin to inhibit food consumption in mice is mediated by the CCK-A receptor and capsaicin sensitive afferents. Capsaicin 147-156 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 11078456-9 2000 Our data suggest that only falling leptin levels mediate the starvation-induced alterations in corticosterone levels and expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides, but inhibitors of leptin signaling are induced by both leptin and CNTF. Corticosterone 95-109 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 11089558-0 2000 Increased body fat mass and suppression of circulating leptin levels in response to hypersecretion of epinephrine in phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT)-overexpressing mice. Epinephrine 102-113 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 11089558-3 2000 A 100-fold overexpression of PNMT and subsequent elevation of epinephrine levels resulted in a marked suppression of circulating leptin levels in the transgenic animals (1.14 +/- 0.05 vs. 2.17 +/- 0.35 ng/ml; P < 0.01), which correlated negatively with plasma epinephrine (r = -0.82; P < 0.05), thus providing evidence for an inhibitory action of epinephrine on leptin production in vivo. Epinephrine 62-73 leptin Mus musculus 129-135 11089558-7 2000 In summary, sustained primary overproduction of epinephrine resulted in suppression of plasma leptin levels and increased lipid storage in the PNMT transgenic mice. Epinephrine 48-59 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 11053526-9 2000 The current study demonstrates that leptin rapidly influences the secretion of hypothalamic NPY and CRH and that these actions of leptin within the hypothalamus are restrained by the presence of endogenous corticosterone. Corticosterone 206-220 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 11053526-9 2000 The current study demonstrates that leptin rapidly influences the secretion of hypothalamic NPY and CRH and that these actions of leptin within the hypothalamus are restrained by the presence of endogenous corticosterone. Corticosterone 206-220 leptin Mus musculus 130-136 11011048-0 2000 Serum leptin levels after central and systemic injection of a serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan, in mice. Serotonin 62-71 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 11011048-0 2000 Serum leptin levels after central and systemic injection of a serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan, in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 83-102 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 11011048-1 2000 Effects of peripheral and central injections of a serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), on serum leptin levels were studied in mice. Serotonin 61-80 leptin Mus musculus 137-143 11011048-1 2000 Effects of peripheral and central injections of a serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), on serum leptin levels were studied in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 99-118 leptin Mus musculus 137-143 11011048-4 2000 The elevation of serum leptin levels in mice induced by the peripheral injection of 5-HTP was inhibited by pretreatment with the peripheral aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor, benserazide. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 84-89 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 11011048-4 2000 The elevation of serum leptin levels in mice induced by the peripheral injection of 5-HTP was inhibited by pretreatment with the peripheral aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor, benserazide. Benserazide 185-196 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 10995460-4 2000 An administration of leptin into lean mice suppressed responses of peripheral taste nerves (chorda tympani and glossopharyngeal) to sweet substances (sucrose and saccharin) without affecting responses to sour, salty, and bitter substances. Sucrose 150-157 leptin Mus musculus 21-27 10859269-6 2000 Subcutaneous implants of estradiol or corticosterone into lactating mice for 48 h stimulated adipose leptin secretion rates in vitro to the level of that in pregnant mice. Estradiol 25-34 leptin Mus musculus 101-107 10859269-6 2000 Subcutaneous implants of estradiol or corticosterone into lactating mice for 48 h stimulated adipose leptin secretion rates in vitro to the level of that in pregnant mice. Corticosterone 38-52 leptin Mus musculus 101-107 10859269-7 2000 However, corticosterone, but not estradiol, increased leptin secretion when added to isolated adipose tissue in vitro. Corticosterone 9-23 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 10859269-10 2000 We conclude that hyperleptinemia during late pregnancy in mice primarily results from corticosterone-dependent up-regulation of leptin secretion from adipose tissue, and that the placenta does not contribute to leptin secretion. Corticosterone 86-100 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 10859269-10 2000 We conclude that hyperleptinemia during late pregnancy in mice primarily results from corticosterone-dependent up-regulation of leptin secretion from adipose tissue, and that the placenta does not contribute to leptin secretion. Corticosterone 86-100 leptin Mus musculus 128-134 10830282-9 2000 We conclude that hexosamine flux in fat regulates leptin synthesis and secretion. Hexosamines 17-27 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 10875251-1 2000 We have previously reported that a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin, LEP-(116-130), reduces body weight gain, food intake, and blood glucose levels in ob/ob and db/db mice. Peptides 45-52 leptin Mus musculus 113-119 10875251-1 2000 We have previously reported that a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin, LEP-(116-130), reduces body weight gain, food intake, and blood glucose levels in ob/ob and db/db mice. Peptides 45-52 leptin Mus musculus 121-124 10875251-1 2000 We have previously reported that a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin, LEP-(116-130), reduces body weight gain, food intake, and blood glucose levels in ob/ob and db/db mice. Amides 53-58 leptin Mus musculus 113-119 10875251-1 2000 We have previously reported that a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin, LEP-(116-130), reduces body weight gain, food intake, and blood glucose levels in ob/ob and db/db mice. Amides 53-58 leptin Mus musculus 121-124 10875251-1 2000 We have previously reported that a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin, LEP-(116-130), reduces body weight gain, food intake, and blood glucose levels in ob/ob and db/db mice. Blood Glucose 179-192 leptin Mus musculus 113-119 10875251-1 2000 We have previously reported that a synthetic peptide amide corresponding to amino acid residues 116-130 of mouse leptin, LEP-(116-130), reduces body weight gain, food intake, and blood glucose levels in ob/ob and db/db mice. Blood Glucose 179-192 leptin Mus musculus 121-124 10830282-0 2000 Hexosamines stimulate leptin production in transgenic mice. Hexosamines 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 10830282-3 2000 In order to investigate the effects of chronic, physiologic increases in hexosamine flux on leptin we have examined leptin mRNA and serum leptin in mice overexpressing the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine synthesis, GFA, in muscle and fat. Hexosamines 73-83 leptin Mus musculus 92-98 10786929-2 2000 Zinc can also influence the production of leptin, a satiety factor that reduces appetite and blood sugar level. Blood Glucose 93-104 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 10753628-0 2000 Stimulation by eicosapentaenoic acids of leptin mRNA expression and its secretion in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro. Eicosapentaenoic Acid 15-37 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 10753628-3 2000 EPA caused a time- and dose-dependent increase of leptin mRNA levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Eicosapentaenoic Acid 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 10753628-7 2000 We examined the effect on leptin expression of clofibrate, a ligand for PPARalpha, bezafibrate, for PPARbeta, or troglitazone, for PPARgamma, to clarify whether these ligands for PPARs could mimic EPA-induced stimulation of leptin expression. Clofibrate 47-57 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 10754484-3 2000 Recently, a fragment of mouse leptin protein comprising amino acids 116-130, termed leptin(116-130) amide, was shown to mimic the effects of the native molecule in terms of body weight gain and food intake, and to elicit LH and prolactin (PRL) secretion in vivo. Amides 100-105 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 10754484-3 2000 Recently, a fragment of mouse leptin protein comprising amino acids 116-130, termed leptin(116-130) amide, was shown to mimic the effects of the native molecule in terms of body weight gain and food intake, and to elicit LH and prolactin (PRL) secretion in vivo. Amides 100-105 leptin Mus musculus 84-90 10793089-6 2000 Fasting increased basal serum corticosterone; leptin treatment blunted this increase. Corticosterone 30-44 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 10793089-7 2000 Fasting decreased the ability of LPS to increase corticosterone; leptin restored the corticosterone response to LPS. Corticosterone 85-99 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 10802666-0 2000 Dopamine is required for hyperphagia in Lep(ob/ob) mice. Dopamine 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 40-43 10753628-8 2000 Neither clofibrate nor bezafibrate affected leptin mRNA expression, whereas troglitazone significantly suppressed leptin mRNA expression. Troglitazone 76-88 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 10753628-9 2000 On the other hand, inhibition by 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine of the rate-limiting enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis blunted EPA-induced stimulation of leptin mRNA expression and its secretion. Diazooxonorleucine 33-59 leptin Mus musculus 150-156 10753628-9 2000 On the other hand, inhibition by 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine of the rate-limiting enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis blunted EPA-induced stimulation of leptin mRNA expression and its secretion. Hexosamines 91-101 leptin Mus musculus 150-156 10753628-9 2000 On the other hand, inhibition by 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine of the rate-limiting enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis blunted EPA-induced stimulation of leptin mRNA expression and its secretion. Eicosapentaenoic Acid 123-126 leptin Mus musculus 150-156 10753628-10 2000 These data suggest that EPA up-regulates leptin gene expression and its secretion probably through a hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Eicosapentaenoic Acid 24-27 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 10753628-10 2000 These data suggest that EPA up-regulates leptin gene expression and its secretion probably through a hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Hexosamines 101-111 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 10651062-0 1999 Epitope mapping of secreted mouse leptin utilizing peripherally administered synthetic peptides. Peptides 87-95 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 10726909-1 2000 Free fatty acid (FFA) has been reported to decrease leptin mRNA levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 0-15 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 10726909-1 2000 Free fatty acid (FFA) has been reported to decrease leptin mRNA levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 17-20 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 10707323-6 2000 The serum leptin concentration was 9.3 +/- 1.2 ng/ml in LD-acclimated hamsters and decreased significantly to 4.2 +/- 0.8 ng/ml and 2.1 +/- 0.6 ng/ml in hamsters exposed to SD for 66 days and 116 days, respectively (P < 0.001). SD 0006 173-175 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 10651062-2 1999 administration of synthetic peptide amides corresponding to amino acids 106-140 of mouse leptin significantly reduced food intake and body weight gain in female C57BL/6J ob/ob mice. Amides 36-42 leptin Mus musculus 89-95 10619403-6 1999 PD98059, an ERK2 kinase-1 inhibitor, and wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase blocked the leptin-induced increase in glucose uptake and GLUT4 recruitment to the cell surface. Glucose 138-145 leptin Mus musculus 111-117 10619187-5 1999 The suppressive effect of TNF-alpha on both ob gene expression and leptin secretion was blocked by PKC inhibitors such as bisindolylmaleimide I (BIM) and 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride (H-7). bisindolylmaleimide I 122-143 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 10619187-5 1999 The suppressive effect of TNF-alpha on both ob gene expression and leptin secretion was blocked by PKC inhibitors such as bisindolylmaleimide I (BIM) and 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride (H-7). bisindolylmaleimide I 145-148 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 10619187-5 1999 The suppressive effect of TNF-alpha on both ob gene expression and leptin secretion was blocked by PKC inhibitors such as bisindolylmaleimide I (BIM) and 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride (H-7). H-7 dihydrochloride 154-215 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 10619403-0 1999 Leptin stimulates glucose uptake in C2C12 muscle cells by activation of ERK2. Glucose 18-25 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10619403-2 1999 We have investigated the signaling pathways and effects of leptin on glucose transport in C2C12 muscle cells. Glucose 69-76 leptin Mus musculus 59-65 10619403-8 1999 Our results suggest that leptin may regulate glucose metabolism by acting directly on skeletal muscle and that the signaling pathways involved may be different from that activated by insulin. Glucose 45-52 leptin Mus musculus 25-31 10619403-5 1999 Leptin increased glucose uptake and GLUT4 recruitment to the cell surface after 30 min, whereas no changes in GLUT1 was observed. Glucose 17-24 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10485707-5 1999 Our results support the idea that leptin modulates insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal independently of its effect on food intake, and that leptin deficiency accounts for the insulin resistance found in CGL. Glucose 75-82 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 10619403-6 1999 PD98059, an ERK2 kinase-1 inhibitor, and wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase blocked the leptin-induced increase in glucose uptake and GLUT4 recruitment to the cell surface. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 111-117 10619403-6 1999 PD98059, an ERK2 kinase-1 inhibitor, and wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase blocked the leptin-induced increase in glucose uptake and GLUT4 recruitment to the cell surface. Wortmannin 41-51 leptin Mus musculus 111-117 10535455-5 1999 In homozygous female C57BLKS/J-m db/db mice that do not express OB-Rb, intraperitoneal administration of LEP-(116-130) reduced body weight gain and blood glucose levels but not food intake, which further supports a mechanism of action that does not require peptide interaction with OB-Rb. Blood Glucose 148-161 leptin Mus musculus 105-108 10516131-5 1999 Corticosterone levels comparable to stress-induced production completely reversed leptin-induced reductions in weight gain and body fat, despite significant attenuation by leptin of corticosterone-induced increases in plasma insulin levels. Corticosterone 0-14 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 10516131-5 1999 Corticosterone levels comparable to stress-induced production completely reversed leptin-induced reductions in weight gain and body fat, despite significant attenuation by leptin of corticosterone-induced increases in plasma insulin levels. Corticosterone 182-196 leptin Mus musculus 172-178 10499537-0 1999 Norepinephrine is required for leptin effects on gene expression in brown and white adipose tissue. Norepinephrine 0-14 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 10499537-6 1999 Leptin produced a 4-fold increase in UCP1 mRNA levels in Dbh+/- mice but had no effect on UCP1 expression in Dbh-/-. 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin 57-60 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10499537-8 1999 Similarly, exogenous leptin reduced leptin mRNA in WAT from Dbh+/- but not Dbh-/- mice. 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin 60-63 leptin Mus musculus 21-27 10499537-8 1999 Similarly, exogenous leptin reduced leptin mRNA in WAT from Dbh+/- but not Dbh-/- mice. 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin 60-63 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 10499537-11 1999 These studies establish that norepinephrine is required for leptin to regulate its own expression in WAT and UCP1 expression in BAT and indicate that these effects are likely mediated through the centrally expressed long form of the leptin receptor. Norepinephrine 29-43 leptin Mus musculus 60-66 10596967-2 1999 Under identical dietary fat conditions, type of carbohydrate and cholesterol content contributed to the timing of leptin increases. Carbohydrates 48-60 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 10596967-2 1999 Under identical dietary fat conditions, type of carbohydrate and cholesterol content contributed to the timing of leptin increases. Cholesterol 65-76 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 10596967-3 1999 Mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet showed early (4 weeks) and robust increases in circulating insulin and leptin levels (2-fold and 5-fold, respectively). Sucrose 26-33 leptin Mus musculus 110-116 10596967-4 1999 In contrast, mice fed this diet with added cholesterol or with sucrose substituted by corn starch led to marked delays (8-10 weeks) in the elevations of insulin and leptin, although body weight gains were nearly identical among test diet groups. Cholesterol 43-54 leptin Mus musculus 165-171 10596967-4 1999 In contrast, mice fed this diet with added cholesterol or with sucrose substituted by corn starch led to marked delays (8-10 weeks) in the elevations of insulin and leptin, although body weight gains were nearly identical among test diet groups. Sucrose 63-70 leptin Mus musculus 165-171 10596967-4 1999 In contrast, mice fed this diet with added cholesterol or with sucrose substituted by corn starch led to marked delays (8-10 weeks) in the elevations of insulin and leptin, although body weight gains were nearly identical among test diet groups. Starch 91-97 leptin Mus musculus 165-171 10596967-5 1999 Thus, sucrose in combination with saturated fat played a specific role in initiating early metabolic changes associated with elevated leptin and insulin levels. Sucrose 6-13 leptin Mus musculus 134-140 10510338-0 1999 Leptin increases serotonin turnover by inhibition of brain nitric oxide synthesis. Serotonin 17-26 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10510338-0 1999 Leptin increases serotonin turnover by inhibition of brain nitric oxide synthesis. Nitric Oxide 59-71 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10510338-1 1999 Leptin administration inhibits diencephalic nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and increases brain serotonin (5-HT) metabolism in mice. Serotonin 101-110 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10510338-8 1999 Leptin-induced 5-HT increase was antagonized by the coadministration of L-arginine only when the latter was ICV injected, whereas D-arginine did not influence leptin effects on brain 5-HT content. Arginine 72-82 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10510338-10 1999 Our results indicate that the L-arginine/NO pathway is involved in mediating leptin effects on feeding behavior, and demonstrate that nNOS activity is required for the effects of leptin on brain 5-HT turnover. Arginine 30-40 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 10484352-0 1999 Leptin has acute effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in both lean and gold thioglucose-obese mice. Glucose 28-35 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10484352-0 1999 Leptin has acute effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in both lean and gold thioglucose-obese mice. Thioglucose 79-90 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10484352-2 1999 In this study, the acute effects of a single dose of recombinant mouse leptin on lipid and glucose metabolism in lean and gold thioglucose-injected obese mice were examined. Glucose 91-98 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 10484491-7 1999 Leptin administered intracerebroventricularly also failed to alter milk/food intakes of 17-day-old pups but markedly increased oxygen consumption of these older mice. Oxygen 127-133 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10425201-0 1999 Leptin directly stimulates catecholamine secretion and synthesis in cultured porcine adrenal medullary chromaffin cells. Catecholamines 27-40 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10480614-0 1999 Increased glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in transgenic skinny mice overexpressing leptin. Glucose 10-17 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 10342814-0 1999 Acute intravenous leptin infusion increases glucose turnover but not skeletal muscle glucose uptake in ob/ob mice. Glucose 44-51 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 10342814-2 1999 Leptin has potent metabolic effects on fat and glucose metabolism. Glucose 47-54 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10342814-4 1999 In lean mice, leptin acutely increases glucose metabolism in an insulin-independent manner, which could account, at least in part, for some of the antidiabetic effect of the hormone. Glucose 39-46 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 10342814-6 1999 Leptin increased glucose turnover and stimulated glucose uptake in brown adipose tissue (BAT), brain, and heart with no increase in heart rate. Glucose 17-24 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10342814-10 1999 In addition, leptin stimulated hepatic glucose production, which was associated with increased glucose-6-phosphatase activity. Glucose 39-46 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 10342814-14 1999 These findings suggest that in ob/ob mice, the antidiabetic antiobesity effect of leptin could be the result of a profound alteration of glucose metabolism in liver, BAT, heart, and consequently, glucose turnover. Glucose 137-144 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 10411242-10 1999 CONCLUSION: Leptin increases circulating glucose, insulin and glucagon in 24 h fasted mice by a mechanism requiring intact sympathetic nerves. Glucose 41-48 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 10348799-7 1999 Dealkylation of ethoxyresorufin and omega-hydroxylation of lauric acid activities from ob/ob and lean mice were not statistically different; however, leptin exposure significantly increased ethoxyresorufin activity in lean mice (14%) and decreased the activity in ob/ob mice (36%). lauric acid 59-70 leptin Mus musculus 150-156 10348799-7 1999 Dealkylation of ethoxyresorufin and omega-hydroxylation of lauric acid activities from ob/ob and lean mice were not statistically different; however, leptin exposure significantly increased ethoxyresorufin activity in lean mice (14%) and decreased the activity in ob/ob mice (36%). ethoxyresorufin 190-205 leptin Mus musculus 150-156 10425201-0 1999 Leptin directly stimulates catecholamine secretion and synthesis in cultured porcine adrenal medullary chromaffin cells. chromaffin 103-113 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10425201-4 1999 Therefore, we investigated the effects of leptin on catecholamine secretion and synthesis in cultured porcine adrenal medullary chromaffin cells. Catecholamines 52-65 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 10425201-6 1999 Murine recombinant leptin (>==50 nM) strongly induced the release of both epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) from chromaffin cells. Epinephrine 77-88 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 10425201-6 1999 Murine recombinant leptin (>==50 nM) strongly induced the release of both epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) from chromaffin cells. Norepinephrine 97-111 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 10425201-8 1999 Also, leptin (>==1 nM) enhanced nicotine-induced increases in E- and NE. Nicotine 35-43 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 10425201-9 1999 Leptin (1, 10, 100 nM) significantly increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) (a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of catecholamine) mRNA levels in a concentration-dependent manner. Catecholamines 120-133 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10425201-10 1999 Furthermore, leptin (1, 10, 100 nM) significantly induced increases in cAMP levels, suggesting that the stimulatory effects on TH mRNA are mediated, at least in part, by the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway. Cyclic AMP 71-75 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 10425201-11 1999 These results indicate that leptin directly stimulates catecholamine release and synthesis, which in turn may potentiate the anti-obesity effects of leptin. Catecholamines 55-68 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 10425201-11 1999 These results indicate that leptin directly stimulates catecholamine release and synthesis, which in turn may potentiate the anti-obesity effects of leptin. Catecholamines 55-68 leptin Mus musculus 149-155 10329991-7 1999 Estradiol may have indirectly affected leptin efficacy, because leptin did not produce as large a change in fat mass at lower doses in lean OVX mice as it did in intact counterparts. Estradiol 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 10411242-0 1999 Leptin increases circulating glucose, insulin and glucagon via sympathetic neural activation in fasted mice. Glucose 29-36 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10411242-0 1999 Leptin increases circulating glucose, insulin and glucagon via sympathetic neural activation in fasted mice. Glucagon 50-58 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10411242-1 1999 OBJECTIVE: A number of recent studies suggest that leptin has effects on glucose metabolism and pancreatic hormone secretion. Glucose 73-80 leptin Mus musculus 51-57 10411242-8 1999 Murine leptin exerted similar stimulating effects on circulating glucose (+1.0+/-0.2 mmol/l, P = 0.046), insulin (+58+/-17 pmol/l, P = 0.038) and glucagon (+24+/-9 pg/ml, P = 0.018) as human leptin in fasted mice (n = 12) with no significant effect in fed mice (n = 12). Glucose 65-72 leptin Mus musculus 7-13 10080923-0 1999 Tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 by leptin through leptin receptor in mouse metaphase 2 stage oocyte. Tyrosine 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 10080923-6 1999 Leptin at 15 ng/ml, the concentration observed in follicular fluid, caused tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 in mouse M2 stage oocytes. Tyrosine 75-83 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9892692-5 1999 A fall in levels of preproinsulin mRNA is detected in vivo in islets of ob/ob mice 24 h after a single injection of leptin, in isolated ob/ob islets treated with leptin in vitro and in the beta-cell line INS-1 on leptin exposure when preproinsulin mRNA expression is stimulated by 25 mM glucose or 10 nM glucagon-like peptide 1. Glucose 287-294 leptin Mus musculus 162-168 9857064-3 1998 The mutant-type leptin lacking a C-terminal disulfide bond reduced food intake at doses of more than 15 pmol/mouse, which was as effective as the wild-type leptin. Disulfides 44-53 leptin Mus musculus 16-22 9845674-3 1998 The cDNA sequence of leptin is normal in KK mice, whereas three nucleotide polymorphisms were found in the cDNA of the leptin receptor, one of them resulting in exchange of an aspartate residue for asparagine (Asp600Asn) in a highly conserved part of the second extracellular cytokine-receptor homology module. Aspartic Acid 176-185 leptin Mus musculus 119-125 9845674-3 1998 The cDNA sequence of leptin is normal in KK mice, whereas three nucleotide polymorphisms were found in the cDNA of the leptin receptor, one of them resulting in exchange of an aspartate residue for asparagine (Asp600Asn) in a highly conserved part of the second extracellular cytokine-receptor homology module. Asparagine 198-208 leptin Mus musculus 119-125 9882567-3 1998 Refolded leptin is characterized by in vivo modulation of food intake, reduction in body weight, and lowering of insulin and glucose levels in ob/ob mice. Glucose 125-132 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 10050748-2 1999 We show that sympathetic blockade by reserpine increases leptin mRNA levels in brown but not white adipose tissue, while acute cold-exposure decreases leptin expression 10-fold in brown adipose tissue and 2-fold in white adipose tissue. Reserpine 37-46 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 10050748-3 1999 The cold-induced reduction in leptin mRNA can be prevented by a combination of propranolol and SR 59230A but not by either antagonist alone, indicating that beta3-adrenergic receptors and classical beta1/beta2-adrenergic receptors both mediate responses to sympathetic stimulation. Propranolol 79-90 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 9950797-0 1999 Plasma insulin rise precedes rise in ob mRNA expression and plasma leptin in gold thioglucose-obese mice. Thioglucose 82-93 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 9892692-5 1999 A fall in levels of preproinsulin mRNA is detected in vivo in islets of ob/ob mice 24 h after a single injection of leptin, in isolated ob/ob islets treated with leptin in vitro and in the beta-cell line INS-1 on leptin exposure when preproinsulin mRNA expression is stimulated by 25 mM glucose or 10 nM glucagon-like peptide 1. Glucose 287-294 leptin Mus musculus 162-168 9822947-7 1998 Vehicle-infused obese mice had higher liver triglyceride content and were hypertriglyceridemic compared to lean mice, and triglyceride concentrations in plasma and liver were decreased proportionally after leptin treatment. Triglycerides 79-91 leptin Mus musculus 206-212 9822947-8 1998 Leptin lowered glycemia and insulinemia of obese mice to lean levels and decreased plasma corticosterone. Corticosterone 90-104 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9822947-11 1998 This study shows that decreased LPL activity, plasma triglyceride concentrations and hepatic triglyceride production constitute some of the adaptive peripheral adaptations of lipid metabolism, which accompany the reduction in fat mass accretion brought by leptin treatment of the obese ob/ob mouse. Triglycerides 53-65 leptin Mus musculus 256-262 9822947-11 1998 This study shows that decreased LPL activity, plasma triglyceride concentrations and hepatic triglyceride production constitute some of the adaptive peripheral adaptations of lipid metabolism, which accompany the reduction in fat mass accretion brought by leptin treatment of the obese ob/ob mouse. Triglycerides 93-105 leptin Mus musculus 256-262 9790935-4 1998 TA1 cells, when differentiated by indomethacin/insulin treatment, express leptin at levels greater than those of 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiated by the traditional methylisobutylxanthine/dexamethasone/insulin protocol. Indomethacin 34-46 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 10465511-0 1999 Leptin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) modulate nitric oxide synthase: further evidence for a role of nitric oxide in feeding. Nitric Oxide 41-53 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 10465511-11 1999 These results, taken together, with previously published studies support the concept that nitric oxide may play a role as a mediator of the effects of NPY and leptin on food intake. Nitric Oxide 90-102 leptin Mus musculus 159-165 9794453-1 1998 Conscious female adult lean and obese Zucker rats were injected through the jugular vein with radioactive iodine-labeled murine leptin; in the ensuing 8 min, four blood samples were sequentially extracted from the carotid artery. Iodine 106-112 leptin Mus musculus 128-134 9748302-9 1998 Our results suggest that the epithelium of jejunum is a direct target of leptin action, and this activity is dependent on the presence of OB-Rb. ob-rb 138-143 leptin Mus musculus 73-79 9756522-7 1998 Leptin also prevented the elevations in serum corticosterone and ketones found in pair-fed lean mice. Corticosterone 46-60 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9756522-7 1998 Leptin also prevented the elevations in serum corticosterone and ketones found in pair-fed lean mice. Ketones 65-72 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9790935-5 1998 However, when 3T3-L1"s are differentiated in the presence of indomethacin/insulin their expression levels of leptin increase dramatically. Indomethacin 61-73 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 9434783-1 1997 Leptin at 1-5 nM, the concentrations observed in obese subjects, caused an increase in the active form of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) that was accompanied by increased tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT-1 and STAT-3 in a mouse pancreatic beta cell line, MIN6. Tyrosine 180-188 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9618302-0 1998 Leptin gene transfer into muscle increases lipolysis and oxygen consumption in white fat tissue in ob/ob mice. Oxygen 57-63 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9528930-12 1998 Leptin also was found to affect plasma levels of corticosterone. Corticosterone 49-63 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9492008-9 1998 Similarly, in mouse islets a significant inhibitory effect of leptin (-31 +/- 4%, n = 6, P < 0.05) was observed only on glucose + IBMX-stimulated insulin secretion, with no effect of the hormone on basal nor glucose-stimulated secretion. Glucose 123-130 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 9492008-9 1998 Similarly, in mouse islets a significant inhibitory effect of leptin (-31 +/- 4%, n = 6, P < 0.05) was observed only on glucose + IBMX-stimulated insulin secretion, with no effect of the hormone on basal nor glucose-stimulated secretion. 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 133-137 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 9492008-9 1998 Similarly, in mouse islets a significant inhibitory effect of leptin (-31 +/- 4%, n = 6, P < 0.05) was observed only on glucose + IBMX-stimulated insulin secretion, with no effect of the hormone on basal nor glucose-stimulated secretion. Glucose 211-218 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 9486972-7 1998 The rise in leptin preceded the establishment of adult levels of corticosterone, thyroxine, and estradiol. Corticosterone 65-79 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 9486972-7 1998 The rise in leptin preceded the establishment of adult levels of corticosterone, thyroxine, and estradiol. Thyroxine 81-90 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 9486972-7 1998 The rise in leptin preceded the establishment of adult levels of corticosterone, thyroxine, and estradiol. Estradiol 96-105 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 9486972-10 1998 When ad libitum feeding was restricted to the light cycle, peak corticosterone levels were shifted to the beginning of the light cycle and coincided with the nadir of leptin. Corticosterone 64-78 leptin Mus musculus 167-173 9486972-11 1998 The inverse relationship between leptin and corticosterone was maintained such that a rise in leptin after feeding was associated with a decline in corticosterone. Corticosterone 44-58 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 9486972-11 1998 The inverse relationship between leptin and corticosterone was maintained such that a rise in leptin after feeding was associated with a decline in corticosterone. Corticosterone 44-58 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 9486972-11 1998 The inverse relationship between leptin and corticosterone was maintained such that a rise in leptin after feeding was associated with a decline in corticosterone. Corticosterone 148-162 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 9486972-11 1998 The inverse relationship between leptin and corticosterone was maintained such that a rise in leptin after feeding was associated with a decline in corticosterone. Corticosterone 148-162 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 9486972-15 1998 Therefore, it is likely that factors in addition to leptin are involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm of corticosterone. Corticosterone 117-131 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 9389736-12 1997 These results suggest that the action of leptin may be one mechanism by which excess adipose tissue could acutely impair carbohydrate metabolism. Carbohydrates 121-133 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 9389742-3 1997 TNF-alpha treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes resulted in rapid stimulation of leptin accumulation in the media, with a maximum effect at 6 h. This stimulation was insensitive to cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, but was completely inhibited by the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A, indicating a posttranslational effect. Cycloheximide 174-187 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 9389742-3 1997 TNF-alpha treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes resulted in rapid stimulation of leptin accumulation in the media, with a maximum effect at 6 h. This stimulation was insensitive to cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, but was completely inhibited by the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A, indicating a posttranslational effect. Brefeldin A 276-287 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 9322975-3 1997 A 2 hr, but not a 30 min, incubation with 1 nM recombinant mouse leptin, the concentration observed in obese subjects, stimulated basal (at 5 mM glucose) insulin secretion by approximately 40% in both MIN6 and rat islets. Glucose 145-152 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 9311777-0 1997 Acute stimulation of glucose metabolism in mice by leptin treatment. Glucose 21-28 leptin Mus musculus 51-57 9311777-3 1997 Here we show that leptin also acts acutely to increase glucose metabolism, although studies of leptin"s effect on glucose metabolism have typically been confounded by the weight-reducing actions of leptin treatment, which by itself could affect glucose homoeostasis. Glucose 55-62 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 9311777-3 1997 Here we show that leptin also acts acutely to increase glucose metabolism, although studies of leptin"s effect on glucose metabolism have typically been confounded by the weight-reducing actions of leptin treatment, which by itself could affect glucose homoeostasis. Glucose 114-121 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 9311777-3 1997 Here we show that leptin also acts acutely to increase glucose metabolism, although studies of leptin"s effect on glucose metabolism have typically been confounded by the weight-reducing actions of leptin treatment, which by itself could affect glucose homoeostasis. Glucose 114-121 leptin Mus musculus 95-101 9311777-3 1997 Here we show that leptin also acts acutely to increase glucose metabolism, although studies of leptin"s effect on glucose metabolism have typically been confounded by the weight-reducing actions of leptin treatment, which by itself could affect glucose homoeostasis. Glucose 114-121 leptin Mus musculus 95-101 9311777-4 1997 We have demonstrated acute in vivo effects of intravenous and intracerebroventricular administrations of leptin on glucose metabolism. Glucose 115-122 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 9311777-5 1997 A five-hour intravenous infusion of leptin into wild-type mice increased glucose turnover and glucose uptake, but decreased hepatic glycogen content. Glucose 73-80 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 9311777-5 1997 A five-hour intravenous infusion of leptin into wild-type mice increased glucose turnover and glucose uptake, but decreased hepatic glycogen content. Glycogen 132-140 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 9311777-7 1997 Similar effects were observed after both intravenous and intracerebroventricular infusion of leptin, suggesting that effects of leptin on glucose metabolism are mediated by the central nervous system (CNS). Glucose 138-145 leptin Mus musculus 128-134 9311777-8 1997 These data indicate that leptin induces a complex metabolic response with effects on glucose as well as lipid metabolism. Glucose 85-92 leptin Mus musculus 25-31 9294232-8 1997 Leptin-CCK action was blocked by systemic capsaicin at a dose inducing functional ablation of sensory afferent fibers and by devazepide, a CCK-A receptor antagonist but not by the CCK-B receptor antagonist, L-365,260. Capsaicin 42-51 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9294232-8 1997 Leptin-CCK action was blocked by systemic capsaicin at a dose inducing functional ablation of sensory afferent fibers and by devazepide, a CCK-A receptor antagonist but not by the CCK-B receptor antagonist, L-365,260. Devazepide 125-135 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9294232-10 1997 injection of leptin alone was also blunted by devazepide. Devazepide 46-56 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 9294232-12 1997 These results indicate the existence of a functional synergistic interaction between leptin and CCK leading to early suppression of food intake which involves CCK-A receptors and capsaicin-sensitive afferent fibers. Capsaicin 179-188 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 9449213-0 1997 Effects of recombinant murine leptin on steroid secretion of dispersed rat adrenocortical cells. Steroids 40-47 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 9449213-3 1997 Recombinant murine leptin was found to increase basal aldosterone and corticosterone production by dispersed rat zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata-reticularis cells, respectively. Aldosterone 54-65 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 9449213-3 1997 Recombinant murine leptin was found to increase basal aldosterone and corticosterone production by dispersed rat zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata-reticularis cells, respectively. Corticosterone 70-84 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 9231790-5 1997 However, leptin, in a dose-dependent manner, inhibited (P < 0.05) insulin-induced progesterone and estradiol production by granulosa cells from small and large follicles. Progesterone 85-97 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 9231790-5 1997 However, leptin, in a dose-dependent manner, inhibited (P < 0.05) insulin-induced progesterone and estradiol production by granulosa cells from small and large follicles. Estradiol 102-111 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 9728091-3 1998 At a dose of 5 mg/kg, which also caused body weight loss, leptin potentiated the induction by IL-1 of serum corticosterone and IL-6 but did not show any other activity. Corticosterone 108-122 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 9724056-0 1998 Leptin and corticosterone have opposite effects on food intake and the expression of UCP1 mRNA in brown adipose tissue of lep(ob)/lep(ob) mice. Corticosterone 11-25 leptin Mus musculus 122-125 9724056-0 1998 Leptin and corticosterone have opposite effects on food intake and the expression of UCP1 mRNA in brown adipose tissue of lep(ob)/lep(ob) mice. Corticosterone 11-25 leptin Mus musculus 130-133 9688967-10 1998 Leptin also attenuated the preference for fat that developed quickly in mice simultaneously exposed to the high-starch and high-fat regimen. Starch 112-118 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9571184-0 1998 Acute and chronic effects of leptin on glucose utilization in lean mice. Glucose 39-46 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 9571184-1 1998 Experiments described here show that in vivo glucose uptake is impaired in mice given 30 micrograms leptin by intraperitoneal injection 2 hours before an oral glucose tolerance test (GTT). Glucose 45-52 leptin Mus musculus 100-106 9571184-1 1998 Experiments described here show that in vivo glucose uptake is impaired in mice given 30 micrograms leptin by intraperitoneal injection 2 hours before an oral glucose tolerance test (GTT). Glucose 159-166 leptin Mus musculus 100-106 9571184-4 1998 In contrast, leptin added to 2 hour in vitro incubations had an insulin-like effect on muscle glucose utilization and augmented insulin stimulation of adipocyte lipid synthesis. Glucose 94-101 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 9571184-5 1998 Thus, normal mice treated chronically with leptin develop tissue specific changes in insulin sensitivity and compensate for inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin release. Glucose 138-145 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 9575979-8 1998 Serum leptin level was elevated in UCP-DTA mice at 24 degrees C compared with control mice at 24 degrees C; this elevated level decreased within 1 day at 14 degrees C and was not different from the level in control mice by 14 days. deoxythymidylyl-3'-5'-deoxyadenylate 39-42 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 9345027-4 1997 Leptin also induced GM colony formation from BMC of db/db mutant mice whose leptin receptors were incomplete, but the responsiveness was significantly reduced. gm 20-22 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9345027-4 1997 Leptin also induced GM colony formation from BMC of db/db mutant mice whose leptin receptors were incomplete, but the responsiveness was significantly reduced. gm 20-22 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 9345027-8 1997 When lineage (Lin)-Sca-1(+) cells sorted from BMC of 5-FU-treated mice were incubated in serum-free culture, leptin synergized with SCF in the formation of blast cell colonies, which efficiently produced secondary colonies including a large proportion of multilineage colonies in the replating experiment. Fluorouracil 53-57 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 9311966-7 1997 Leptin increased oxygen consumption in conditions in which diet-induced thermogenesis was low, i.e., in fed ob/ob mice and in food-deprived lean mice, but not in fed adrenalectomized ob/ob mice or in fed lean mice. Oxygen 17-23 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9275075-3 1997 The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) is activated in ob/ob mice, and chronic administration of leptin to ob/ob mice decreases plasma corticosterone levels, suggesting that the adipose hormone is capable of inhibiting the HPAA. Corticosterone 143-157 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 9275075-5 1997 Male C57BL mice were injected ip with 100 microl saline and 2 or 4 microg/g BW mouse leptin in saline vehicle, and 4 h later they were subjected to 2 h of restraint stress by taping the hind limbs together or no stress. Sodium Chloride 95-101 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 9231663-2 1997 Because skeletal muscle expresses the leptin receptor and plays a major role in determining energy metabolism, we studied leptin"s effects on glucose and fatty acid (FA) metabolism in isolated mouse soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. Glucose 142-149 leptin Mus musculus 122-128 9231663-2 1997 Because skeletal muscle expresses the leptin receptor and plays a major role in determining energy metabolism, we studied leptin"s effects on glucose and fatty acid (FA) metabolism in isolated mouse soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. Fatty Acids 154-164 leptin Mus musculus 122-128 9434783-2 1997 Leptin also increased DNA synthesis and cell viability in MIN6 cells based on the results of [3H]-thymidine incorporation and colorimetric MTT assay, respectively. Tritium 94-96 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9434783-2 1997 Leptin also increased DNA synthesis and cell viability in MIN6 cells based on the results of [3H]-thymidine incorporation and colorimetric MTT assay, respectively. Thymidine 98-107 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9434783-2 1997 Leptin also increased DNA synthesis and cell viability in MIN6 cells based on the results of [3H]-thymidine incorporation and colorimetric MTT assay, respectively. monooxyethylene trimethylolpropane tristearate 139-142 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9434783-3 1997 The specific MAPK-inhibitor PD98059 blocked not only the MAPK activation but also the increment in DNA synthesis and cell viability caused by leptin. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 28-35 leptin Mus musculus 142-148 9243102-5 1997 Over the next 6 weeks, leptin treated transgenics showed the same excessive body weight gain as transgenic mice injected with saline. Sodium Chloride 126-132 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 9271234-0 1997 Leptin inhibits glycogen synthesis in the isolated soleus muscle of obese (ob/ob) mice. Glycogen 16-24 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9271234-1 1997 The ob gene product, leptin, causes significant and dose-dependent inhibition of basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in isolated soleus muscle from ob/ob mice, and a smaller, non-significant inhibition in muscle from wild-type mice. Glycogen 110-118 leptin Mus musculus 21-27 9243102-7 1997 In contrast, control mice injected with leptin had significantly lower body weight, food intake and plasma triglycerides than those treated with saline. Triglycerides 107-120 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 9148892-6 1997 The MAPK kinase-1-specific inhibitor PD98059 completely blocked the increases in both MAPK activity and cell proliferation caused by leptin. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 37-44 leptin Mus musculus 133-139 9177686-10 1997 This method of "capturing" eluted protein into matrix crystals is sensitive to 1 pmol of recombinant mouse leptin protein (16 kDa) loaded onto SDS-PAGE gels and can be used for proteins as large as 70 kDa. Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate 143-146 leptin Mus musculus 107-113 9115396-7 1997 FLAG-leptin secretion was increased in the presence of 8-Br-cAMP, which stimulates the secretion of ACTH. 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate 55-64 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 9200662-0 1997 Evidence for a novel peripheral action of leptin as a metabolic signal to the adrenal gland: leptin inhibits cortisol release directly. Hydrocortisone 109-117 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 9200662-0 1997 Evidence for a novel peripheral action of leptin as a metabolic signal to the adrenal gland: leptin inhibits cortisol release directly. Hydrocortisone 109-117 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 9166907-3 1997 Backbone NMR signals for mouse leptin (13C/15N -labeled) have been assigned and its secondary structure reveals it to be a four-helix bundle cytokine. 13c 39-42 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 9165231-0 1997 Leptin stimulates glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in C2C12 myotubes: evidence for a P13-kinase mediated effect. Glucose 18-25 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9165231-0 1997 Leptin stimulates glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in C2C12 myotubes: evidence for a P13-kinase mediated effect. Glycogen 40-48 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9166907-3 1997 Backbone NMR signals for mouse leptin (13C/15N -labeled) have been assigned and its secondary structure reveals it to be a four-helix bundle cytokine. 15n 43-46 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 9166907-4 1997 Helix lengths and disulfide pattern are in agreement with leptin as a member of the short-helix cytokine family. Disulfides 18-27 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 9140021-5 1997 A single intraperitoneal dose of leptin increased oxygen consumption during the light cycle in ob/ob mice, ablating the circadian fluctuation in this parameter. Oxygen 50-56 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 9140021-6 1997 In addition, leptin had a profound effect on fuel selection: the respiratory quotient was markedly reduced, indicating a reduction in carbohydrate oxidation and an increase in fat oxidation. Carbohydrates 134-146 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 9088004-8 1997 Furthermore, immortalized GnRH (GT1-7 and NLT) neurons and ovarian granulosa cells were also demonstrated by RT-PCR analysis to express the leptin receptor, suggesting that GnRH neurons and steroid-producing cells of the ovary could be targets for leptin action. Steroids 190-197 leptin Mus musculus 140-146 9728495-4 1997 We found that chronic administration of oestradiol-benzoate significantly attenuated serum levels of leptin, in the dependence on the duration of its administration, and simultaneously decreased body weight. estradiol 3-benzoate 40-59 leptin Mus musculus 101-107 9000710-5 1997 Leptin (1-100 nmol/l) also produced a dose-dependent inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by isolated islets from ob/ob mice. Glucose 67-74 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9000710-7 1997 These results provide evidence that a functional leptin receptor is present in pancreatic islets and suggest that leptin overproduction, particularly from abdominal adipose tissue, may modify directly both basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Glucose 216-223 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 9239232-6 1997 Leptin-treated animals also have lower circulating insulin and glucose levels than pair fed controls. Glucose 63-70 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9728495-5 1997 We suppose that oestrogens affect leptin levels interacting with the signal transmission system of cAMP, possibly at the genome level. Cyclic AMP 99-103 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 9013737-5 1996 The leptin-induced decrease in RQ suggests a reduction in the fraction of total energy derived from carbohydrate oxidation and a corresponding increase in energy derived from fat oxidation. Carbohydrates 100-112 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 9013741-5 1996 Leptin mRNA correlated with body weight, plasma glucose and plasma insulin. Glucose 48-55 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 9013741-8 1996 When nutrition-deprived and nutrition-stimulated mice were analyzed separately, plasma glucose significantly correlated with leptin mRNA in both groups, but body weight and plasma insulin correlated with leptin mRNA only in nutrition-deprived mice. Glucose 87-94 leptin Mus musculus 125-131 9013741-9 1996 When mice at each age were analyzed separately, glucose correlated with leptin mRNA at every age, and after statistical removal of the effects of glucose, the remaining effects of insulin on leptin mRNA were no longer significant at any age. Glucose 48-55 leptin Mus musculus 72-78 9013741-10 1996 These results support the hypothesis that plasma glucose is important in the regulation of leptin gene expression. Glucose 49-56 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 33941068-10 2021 SOCS3 expression was significantly upregulated in the PBA-treated ob/ob mice compared to the ob/ob controls after leptin treatment; but no significant difference in the SOCS3 expression was found between the PBA-treated ob/ob and lean mice with and without leptin treatment. 4-phenylbutyric acid 54-57 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 8650171-0 1996 Antidiabetic thiazolidinediones inhibit leptin (ob) gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Thiazolidinediones 13-31 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 8650171-4 1996 We studied leptin regulation by antidiabetic thiazolidinedione compounds, which are ligands for the adipocyte-specific nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) that regulates the transcription of other adipocyte-specific genes. 2,4-thiazolidinedione 45-62 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 8650171-5 1996 Remarkably, leptin gene expression was dramatically repressed within a few hours after thiazolidinedione treatment. 2,4-thiazolidinedione 87-104 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 8650171-6 1996 The ED50 for inhibition of leptin expression by the thiazolidinedione BRL49653 was between 5 and 50 nM, similar to its Kd for binding to PPARgamma. 2,4-thiazolidinedione 52-69 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 8650171-8 1996 These results indicate that antidiabetic thiazolidinediones down-regulate leptin gene expression with potencies that correlate with their abilities to bind and activate PPARgamma. Thiazolidinediones 41-59 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 8935220-2 1996 Injected leptin reduces body weight and food intake in mice, and in obese, diabetic mice (with a mutated obese gene), it also reduces plasma insulin and glucose. Glucose 153-160 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 8566229-5 1996 In contrast, free fatty acids exerted a concentration-dependent inhibition of leptin transcription while the corticosteroid dexamethasone and an elevation of intracellular cAMP displayed only marginal inhibitory effects on leptin mRNA levels. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 13-29 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 8566229-5 1996 In contrast, free fatty acids exerted a concentration-dependent inhibition of leptin transcription while the corticosteroid dexamethasone and an elevation of intracellular cAMP displayed only marginal inhibitory effects on leptin mRNA levels. Cyclic AMP 172-176 leptin Mus musculus 223-229 7568067-9 1995 Insulin deficiency provoked by streptozotocin also markedly down-regulated leptin mRNA and this suppression was rapidly reversed by insulin. Streptozocin 31-45 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 8621378-6 1996 Conversely, agents that increase intracellular cAMP, such as beta-adrenergic agonists or Bt2cAMP itself, decreased ob mRNA expression and leptin secretion. Cyclic AMP 47-51 leptin Mus musculus 138-144 7954074-9 1994 Naloxone was distributed extensively throughout the body fluids and trapped or stored in significant amount in extravascular tissues because the naloxone Vd greatly exceeded 100% of body weight in both lean (557 +/- 86 mL/100 g) and obese (413 +/- 58 mL/100 g) sheep. Naloxone 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 219-259 33941068-10 2021 SOCS3 expression was significantly upregulated in the PBA-treated ob/ob mice compared to the ob/ob controls after leptin treatment; but no significant difference in the SOCS3 expression was found between the PBA-treated ob/ob and lean mice with and without leptin treatment. 4-phenylbutyric acid 54-57 leptin Mus musculus 257-263 26496899-4 2015 Our data suggested that, accompanied by the up-regulation of leptin receptor expression, geniposide significantly decreased the phosphorylation of tau in rat primary cultured cortical neurons and in APP/PS1 transgenic mice, and this geniposide-induced decrease of tau phosphorylation could be prevented by leptin antagonist (LA). geniposide 89-99 leptin Mus musculus 61-67 33762334-5 2021 Adipocyte leptin was regulated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and blocked by rapamycin. Sirolimus 60-69 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 33762334-5 2021 Adipocyte leptin was regulated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and blocked by rapamycin. Sirolimus 104-113 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 26496899-6 2015 All these results indicate that geniposide may regulate tau phosphorylation through leptin signaling, and geniposide may be a promising therapeutic compound for the treatment of Alzheimer"s disease in the future. geniposide 32-42 leptin Mus musculus 84-90 10556680-0 1999 The serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan elevates serum leptin levels in mice. Serotonin 4-13 leptin Mus musculus 59-65 10556680-0 1999 The serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan elevates serum leptin levels in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 24-43 leptin Mus musculus 59-65 10556680-1 1999 The effects of a serotonin (5-HT) precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on serum leptin levels were investigated in mice. Serotonin 17-26 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 10556680-1 1999 The effects of a serotonin (5-HT) precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on serum leptin levels were investigated in mice. Serotonin 28-32 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 10556680-1 1999 The effects of a serotonin (5-HT) precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on serum leptin levels were investigated in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 44-63 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 10556680-1 1999 The effects of a serotonin (5-HT) precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on serum leptin levels were investigated in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 65-70 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 10556680-2 1999 5-HTP dose dependently increased serum leptin levels in mice. 5-Hydroxytryptophan 0-5 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 34655754-0 2022 Anti-obesity effect of sulforaphane in broccoli leaf extract on 3T3-L1 adipocytes and ob/ob mice. sulforaphane 23-35 leptin Mus musculus 86-88 34954128-0 2022 Buprenorphine differentially alters breathing among four congenic mouse lines as a function of dose, sex, and leptin status. Buprenorphine 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 110-116 34954128-7 2022 The effects of buprenorphine varied significantly with leptin status and sex. Buprenorphine 15-28 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 34655754-0 2022 Anti-obesity effect of sulforaphane in broccoli leaf extract on 3T3-L1 adipocytes and ob/ob mice. sulforaphane 23-35 leptin Mus musculus 89-91 34655754-6 2022 Treatment with SFN and BLE significantly reduced (P < 0.05) TG content, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), and glucose in the serum of ob/ob mice. sulforaphane 15-18 leptin Mus musculus 167-169 34655754-6 2022 Treatment with SFN and BLE significantly reduced (P < 0.05) TG content, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), and glucose in the serum of ob/ob mice. sulforaphane 15-18 leptin Mus musculus 170-172 34655754-6 2022 Treatment with SFN and BLE significantly reduced (P < 0.05) TG content, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), and glucose in the serum of ob/ob mice. Triglycerides 60-62 leptin Mus musculus 167-169 34763177-6 2022 After heat treatment, mice were divided into two groups, the heat-stressed HS group (n = 5) and the second group as HSL, treated with leptin peptide (116-130 amide) for 14 days. Peptides 141-148 leptin Mus musculus 134-140 34905918-4 2021 Piperine treatment significantly inhibited leptin-induced breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. piperine 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 34763177-6 2022 After heat treatment, mice were divided into two groups, the heat-stressed HS group (n = 5) and the second group as HSL, treated with leptin peptide (116-130 amide) for 14 days. Amides 158-163 leptin Mus musculus 134-140 34763177-12 2022 Treatment with leptin peptide resulted in decrease in the intra-testicular leptin levels with increased phosphorylation of Stat3, suggesting improved leptin resistance, which was positively associated with increased germ cell proliferation, elevated testosterone levels, and improved testicular histoarchitecture. Testosterone 250-262 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 34763177-12 2022 Treatment with leptin peptide resulted in decrease in the intra-testicular leptin levels with increased phosphorylation of Stat3, suggesting improved leptin resistance, which was positively associated with increased germ cell proliferation, elevated testosterone levels, and improved testicular histoarchitecture. Testosterone 250-262 leptin Mus musculus 150-156 34763177-13 2022 Testicular hyperthermia may cause leptin resistance and impaired leptin signalling, decreased testosterone biosynthesis and suppressed spermatogenesis, which could be a manifestation of leptin resistance. Testosterone 94-106 leptin Mus musculus 186-192 34517098-0 2022 Triacylglycerol Rich in Docosahexaenoic Acid Regulated Appetite via the Mediation of Leptin and Intestinal Epithelial Functions in High-Fat, High-Sugar Diet-Fed Mice. Triglycerides 0-15 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 34517098-0 2022 Triacylglycerol Rich in Docosahexaenoic Acid Regulated Appetite via the Mediation of Leptin and Intestinal Epithelial Functions in High-Fat, High-Sugar Diet-Fed Mice. Docosahexaenoic Acids 24-44 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 34517098-1 2022 High-fat, high-sugar diet (HFHS) induced leptin resistance and intestinal epithelial dysfunction is implicated in hyperphagia and metabolic disorders. Sugars 15-20 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 34517098-7 2022 Besides, DHA-TG prevented the damage of intestinal epithelial barrier in nutritive obese mice by improving leptin sensitivity. dha-tg 9-15 leptin Mus musculus 107-113 34517098-10 2022 In conclusion, DHA-TG has a potential to regulate appetite with the action of leptin and intestinal epithelial functions in HFHS diet-fed mice. dha-tg 15-21 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 34971637-0 2022 Impaired leptin responsiveness in the nucleus accumbens of leptin-overexpressing transgenic mice with dysregulated sucrose and lipid preference independent of obesity. Sucrose 115-122 leptin Mus musculus 59-65 34905918-6 2021 Mechanistically, piperine potentiates miR-181c-3p-mediated anticancer potential in leptin-induced breast cancer cells. piperine 17-25 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 34946633-7 2021 The administration of 18:0 Lyso PC not only prevented body weight gain and decreased relative gonadal adipose tissue weight, but also attenuated the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and leptin in the sera of HFD-induced obese mice. Lysophosphatidylcholines 27-34 leptin Mus musculus 234-240 34944770-7 2021 Butyrate corrected hyperinsulinemia, lowered plasma leptin levels, and attenuated adipose tissue inflammation, without affecting gut permeability or microbiota composition. Butyrates 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 34846398-5 2021 ZEA treatment reduced body weight, fat weight, adipocyte hypertrophy, liver weight, and lipid deposition, and improved dyslipidaemia, serum GPT, GOT, leptin, and irisin levels, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. Zeaxanthins 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 150-156 34865099-8 2022 CONCLUSION: The structural improvements seen in BTBR ob/ob mice treated with empagliflozin provide insight into potential long term benefits for humans with DN, for whom there is no comparable biopsy information to identify structural changes effected by SGLT2 inhibition. empagliflozin 77-90 leptin Mus musculus 53-55 34896541-7 2022 Measurements of glucose and lipid oxidation in adipocytes revealed that both leptin and mdivi-1 increase substrates oxidation while in vivo determination of blood glucose concentration showed decreased levels by 50% in ob/ob mice, almost to the wt level. Glucose 16-23 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 34865099-8 2022 CONCLUSION: The structural improvements seen in BTBR ob/ob mice treated with empagliflozin provide insight into potential long term benefits for humans with DN, for whom there is no comparable biopsy information to identify structural changes effected by SGLT2 inhibition. empagliflozin 77-90 leptin Mus musculus 56-58 34192478-7 2021 SB and HFB-treated mice showed lower levels of leptin, IL-6, and TNF-alpha compared with the SC and HF groups (p<0.01). Antimony 0-2 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 34192478-7 2021 SB and HFB-treated mice showed lower levels of leptin, IL-6, and TNF-alpha compared with the SC and HF groups (p<0.01). hexafluorobenzene 7-10 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 34219593-1 2021 CONTEXT: Laurolitsine is an aporphine alkaloid and exhibits potent antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects in ob/ob mice. laurolitsine 9-21 leptin Mus musculus 119-121 34663516-6 2021 Monotherapy with SGLT2 inhibitor or leptin significantly improved glucose metabolism in mice as evaluated by BG and GTT compared with the untreated group, whereas the co-treatment group with SGLT2 inhibitor and leptin further improved glucose metabolism as compared with the monotherapy group. Blood Glucose 109-111 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 34219593-1 2021 CONTEXT: Laurolitsine is an aporphine alkaloid and exhibits potent antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects in ob/ob mice. laurolitsine 9-21 leptin Mus musculus 122-124 34358845-10 2021 Remarkably, leptin treatment during either paradigm completely reversed this effect by normalizing glucagon levels in CR mice, 78.0 pmol/L (SD 47.3) (p = 0.764), and epinephrine levels in 3dRH rats, 2910 pg/mL (SD 1680) (p = 0.522). Epinephrine 166-177 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 34830238-5 2021 Through real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), western blotting (WB), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Masson"s trichrome, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, etc., the results showed that after leptin treated adipocytes, the expression of fibrosis-related genes and ITGA5 was significantly down-regulated in adipocytes. Hematoxylin 66-77 leptin Mus musculus 197-203 34830238-5 2021 Through real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), western blotting (WB), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Masson"s trichrome, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, etc., the results showed that after leptin treated adipocytes, the expression of fibrosis-related genes and ITGA5 was significantly down-regulated in adipocytes. Eosine Yellowish-(YS) 78-83 leptin Mus musculus 197-203 34830238-5 2021 Through real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), western blotting (WB), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Masson"s trichrome, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, etc., the results showed that after leptin treated adipocytes, the expression of fibrosis-related genes and ITGA5 was significantly down-regulated in adipocytes. Helium 85-87 leptin Mus musculus 197-203 34889901-0 2021 Losartan Attenuates Insulin Resistance and Regulates Browning Phenomenon of White Adipose Tissue in ob/ob Mice. Losartan 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 100-102 34889901-0 2021 Losartan Attenuates Insulin Resistance and Regulates Browning Phenomenon of White Adipose Tissue in ob/ob Mice. Losartan 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 103-105 34549728-6 2021 The plant-based inhibitor of PERK, celastrol, increases leptin sensitivity, resulting in decreased food intake and body weight in a murine model of diet-induced obesity (DIO). celastrol 35-44 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 34697380-3 2021 Thus, we investigated whether an enhanced formulation of TRF in combination with palm kernel oil (medium-chain triglycerides) (ETRF) could ameliorate the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) on leptin-deficient male mice. Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone 57-60 leptin Mus musculus 187-193 34681674-0 2021 Female Mice with Selenocysteine tRNA Deletion in Agrp Neurons Maintain Leptin Sensitivity and Resist Weight Gain While on a High-Fat Diet. Selenocysteine 17-31 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 34681674-4 2021 There is also evidence that selenium supports leptin signaling in the hypothalamus by maintaining proper redox balance. Selenium 28-36 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 34303773-4 2021 DEHP-treated obese mice exhibited higher glucose intolerance and insulin resistance than obese mice; the metabolic disorders were accompanied by increased blood levels of leptin, LDL cholesterol, and alanine transaminase. Diethylhexyl Phthalate 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 171-177 34333285-4 2021 However, PC-treated mice showed significantly lower white adipose tissue (WAT) weight, adipocyte size, and plasma leptin level, which were associated with decreased lipogenic enzyme activity and mRNA expression of their genes in the epididymal WAT. p-coumaric acid 9-11 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 34668765-4 2021 HMTN consumption significantly lowered serum glucose levels and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance values in ob/ob mice. hmtn 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 126-128 34668765-4 2021 HMTN consumption significantly lowered serum glucose levels and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance values in ob/ob mice. hmtn 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 129-131 34549728-7 2021 Our data extend these observations by demonstrating that celastrol-induced improvements in leptin sensitivity and energy balance were attenuated in mice with PERK deficiency in POMC neurons. celastrol 57-66 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 34464088-11 2021 In the leptin-deficient db/db diabetic mouse model, we proved that Telmisartan treatment ameliorated the reduction of occludin and albuminuria. Telmisartan 67-78 leptin Mus musculus 7-13 34296715-4 2021 An 8-week administration of GSPE at 200 mg per kg bw in mice significantly reduced their final body weight, antagonized their HFD-induced insulin resistance and elevated their levels of adiponectin and leptin, respectively (p < 0.05). gspe 28-32 leptin Mus musculus 202-208 34489483-0 2021 Leptin sensitizing effect of 1,3-butanediol and its potential mechanism. 1,3-butylene glycol 29-43 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 34351342-2 2021 (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 significantly inhibited the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in the liver of the ob/ob-/- mice fed a non-high-fat diet. Glucosamine 1-5 leptin Mus musculus 160-162 34351342-2 2021 (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 significantly inhibited the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in the liver of the ob/ob-/- mice fed a non-high-fat diet. Glucosamine 1-5 leptin Mus musculus 163-165 34351342-2 2021 (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 significantly inhibited the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in the liver of the ob/ob-/- mice fed a non-high-fat diet. Glucosamine 13-17 leptin Mus musculus 160-162 34351342-2 2021 (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 significantly inhibited the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in the liver of the ob/ob-/- mice fed a non-high-fat diet. Cholesterol 54-65 leptin Mus musculus 160-162 34351342-2 2021 (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 significantly inhibited the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in the liver of the ob/ob-/- mice fed a non-high-fat diet. Triglycerides 72-84 leptin Mus musculus 160-162 34351342-2 2021 (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 significantly inhibited the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in the liver of the ob/ob-/- mice fed a non-high-fat diet. low-density lipid cholesterol 95-124 leptin Mus musculus 160-162 34351342-2 2021 (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 significantly inhibited the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in the liver of the ob/ob-/- mice fed a non-high-fat diet. ldl-c 126-131 leptin Mus musculus 160-162 34659884-13 2021 Furthermore, leptin neutralization rescued the sensitivity of CRC tumors to 5-FU in mice fed on a high-fat diet (HFD). Fluorouracil 76-80 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 34659884-14 2021 These results indicated that leptin mediated 5-FU resistance through YAP-dependent AXL overexpression in CRC. Fluorouracil 45-49 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 34518585-9 2021 Moreover, leptin-induced p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 signaling in the hypothalamus of Stz + TUDCA mice was improved, accompanied by reduced acute food intake after leptin stimulation. Streptozocin 77-80 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 34518585-9 2021 Moreover, leptin-induced p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 signaling in the hypothalamus of Stz + TUDCA mice was improved, accompanied by reduced acute food intake after leptin stimulation. Streptozocin 77-80 leptin Mus musculus 155-161 34506097-5 2021 RESULTS: Atorvastatin could slake the cerebral ischemic/ reperfusion injury in ob/ob diabetic mice, but do nothing on wild-type mice. Atorvastatin 9-21 leptin Mus musculus 79-81 34557167-13 2021 Among the leptin knockout groups, PICRUSt2 function prediction showed that the fatty acid metabolism pathway significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in OHI and OT compared with OH. Fatty Acids 79-89 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 34119170-4 2021 Oat beta-glucan reversed the increase in body weight, liver weight-to-body weight ratio and plasma leptin concentration as well as restored glucose tolerance. beta-Glucans 4-15 leptin Mus musculus 99-105 34079069-7 2021 Totum-63 reduced fasting plasma glucose, insulin and leptin levels, and improved whole-body insulin sensitivity and peripheral glucose uptake. totum-63 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 34256324-12 2021 Resveratrol increased the glucose intake and the expressions of miR-23a-3p, Adiponectin, Leptin, p-PI3K, and p-Akt, decreased NOV expression in the IR adipocytes. Resveratrol 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 89-95 34552272-3 2021 Here we show that MSG induces obesity, hypothalamic inflammation and central leptin resistance in male mice through the induction of AMP deaminase 2 and purine degradation. Sodium Glutamate 18-21 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 34384849-8 2021 In addition, SPX modulates hormonal and metabolic profile by regulating the concentration of adiponectin (concentration increase) and leptin (concentration decrease) in the serum blood of DIO and T2DM mice. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 188-191 leptin Mus musculus 134-140 34578867-3 2021 Administration of B. uniformis CBA7346 reduced body and liver weight gain, serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, liver steatosis, and liver triglyceride levels in mice on an HFD; the strain also decreased homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance values, as well as serum cholesterol, triglyceride, lipopolysaccharide, leptin, and adiponectin levels in mice on an HFD. cba7346 31-38 leptin Mus musculus 361-367 34394712-2 2021 In ob/ob mice, berberine increased in tolerance to glucose, improved abnormal beta-cell and alpha-cell distributions, upregulated ACE2 expression, and decreased autophagosomes and the expression of LC3 and SQSTM1/p62. Berberine 15-24 leptin Mus musculus 3-5 34526895-0 2021 Creation of an Anti-Inflammatory, Leptin-Dependent Anti-Obesity Celastrol Mimic with Better Druggability. celastrol 64-73 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 34526895-8 2021 GA-02 plays a role in obesity treatment by re-activating leptin signaling and reducing systemic and, more importantly, hypothalamic inflammation. ga-02 0-5 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 34574082-4 2021 We found that AGL9 normalized the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/LDL, adiponectin, and leptin in these mice. agl9 14-18 leptin Mus musculus 220-226 34417537-11 2021 While HFD increased serum leptin, DMM reduced systemic leptin significantly. dimethylmyleran 34-37 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 34389732-4 2021 Exogenous leptin abrogates tamoxifen-mediated growth inhibition and potentiates breast tumor growth even in the presence of tamoxifen. Tamoxifen 27-36 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 34389732-5 2021 Mechanistically, leptin induces nuclear translocation of phosphorylated-ER and increases the expression of ER-responsive genes, while reducing tamoxifen-mediated gene repression by abrogating tamoxifen-induced recruitment of corepressors NCoR, SMRT, and Mi2 and potentiating coactivator binding. Tamoxifen 143-152 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 34389732-5 2021 Mechanistically, leptin induces nuclear translocation of phosphorylated-ER and increases the expression of ER-responsive genes, while reducing tamoxifen-mediated gene repression by abrogating tamoxifen-induced recruitment of corepressors NCoR, SMRT, and Mi2 and potentiating coactivator binding. Tamoxifen 192-201 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 34389732-8 2021 It is important to note that Med1 silencing abrogates the negative effects of leptin on tamoxifen efficacy. Tamoxifen 88-97 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 34389732-9 2021 In addition, honokiol or adiponectin treatment effectively inhibits leptin-induced Med1 expression and improves tamoxifen efficacy in hyperleptinemic state. honokiol 13-21 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 34389732-10 2021 These studies uncover the mechanistic insights how obese/hyperleptinemic state may contribute to poor response to tamoxifen implicating leptin-miR205-Med1 and leptin-Her2-EGFR-Med1 axes, and present bioactive compound honokiol and adipocytokine adiponectin as agents that can block leptin"s negative effect on tamoxifen. Tamoxifen 114-123 leptin Mus musculus 136-142 34389732-10 2021 These studies uncover the mechanistic insights how obese/hyperleptinemic state may contribute to poor response to tamoxifen implicating leptin-miR205-Med1 and leptin-Her2-EGFR-Med1 axes, and present bioactive compound honokiol and adipocytokine adiponectin as agents that can block leptin"s negative effect on tamoxifen. Tamoxifen 114-123 leptin Mus musculus 159-165 34389732-10 2021 These studies uncover the mechanistic insights how obese/hyperleptinemic state may contribute to poor response to tamoxifen implicating leptin-miR205-Med1 and leptin-Her2-EGFR-Med1 axes, and present bioactive compound honokiol and adipocytokine adiponectin as agents that can block leptin"s negative effect on tamoxifen. Tamoxifen 114-123 leptin Mus musculus 282-288 34389732-10 2021 These studies uncover the mechanistic insights how obese/hyperleptinemic state may contribute to poor response to tamoxifen implicating leptin-miR205-Med1 and leptin-Her2-EGFR-Med1 axes, and present bioactive compound honokiol and adipocytokine adiponectin as agents that can block leptin"s negative effect on tamoxifen. honokiol 218-226 leptin Mus musculus 282-288 34389732-10 2021 These studies uncover the mechanistic insights how obese/hyperleptinemic state may contribute to poor response to tamoxifen implicating leptin-miR205-Med1 and leptin-Her2-EGFR-Med1 axes, and present bioactive compound honokiol and adipocytokine adiponectin as agents that can block leptin"s negative effect on tamoxifen. Tamoxifen 310-319 leptin Mus musculus 282-288 34231322-7 2021 Within 4 h of oral administration, SH-BC-893 normalized mitochondrial morphology in the livers and brains of HFD-fed mice, improved mitochondrial function in white adipose tissue, and corrected aberrant plasma leptin and adiponectin levels. CHEMBL4440140 35-44 leptin Mus musculus 210-216 34156978-5 2021 Moreover, obese NOD/SCID mice exhibited a higher circulating concentration of leptin, which is associated with GBC growth and attenuated gemcitabine efficacy. gemcitabine 137-148 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 34156978-6 2021 We further revealed that leptin can inhibit gemcitabine-induced GBC cell death through myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) activation. gemcitabine 44-55 leptin Mus musculus 25-31 34394712-2 2021 In ob/ob mice, berberine increased in tolerance to glucose, improved abnormal beta-cell and alpha-cell distributions, upregulated ACE2 expression, and decreased autophagosomes and the expression of LC3 and SQSTM1/p62. Berberine 15-24 leptin Mus musculus 6-8 34264387-4 2021 BTBR ob/ob mice were either supplemented with carnosine or anserine in drinking water (4 mM) for 18 weeks and compared with non-supplemented BTBR ob/ob and wild-type (WT) mice. btbr 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 5-7 34264387-7 2021 The albumin/creatine ratio, glomerular hypertrophy, and mesangial matrix expansion were aggravated in ob/ob vs. WT mice, but not alleviated by supplementation. Creatine 12-20 leptin Mus musculus 102-104 34327871-5 2021 Exposure to CAP significantly increased the urinary excretion of acrolein metabolite (3HPMA) as well as the abundance of protein-acrolein adducts (a marker of oxidative stress) in PVAT and aorta, upregulated PVAT leptin mRNA expression without changing mRNA levels of several proinflammatory genes, and induced PVAT insulin resistance. cap 12-15 leptin Mus musculus 213-219 34360870-4 2021 Half the obese dams were treated orally with 300 mg/kg/d of metformin (Ob-Met) during pregnancy. Metformin 60-69 leptin Mus musculus 71-73 34439499-6 2021 Diabetes-related plasma biomarkers insulin, leptin, resistin, and glucagon were significantly reduced by quercetin supplementation. Quercetin 105-114 leptin Mus musculus 44-50 34360607-4 2021 Here, we show that losartan in a murine model of NAFLD significantly decreased hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) as well as suppressed lipid droplets (LDs), LD-associated proteins, perilipins (PLINs), and cell-death-inducing DNA-fragmentation-factor (DFF45)-like effector (CIDE) family in liver and epididymal white adipose tissues (EWAT) of ob/ob mice. Losartan 19-27 leptin Mus musculus 342-344 34360607-4 2021 Here, we show that losartan in a murine model of NAFLD significantly decreased hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) as well as suppressed lipid droplets (LDs), LD-associated proteins, perilipins (PLINs), and cell-death-inducing DNA-fragmentation-factor (DFF45)-like effector (CIDE) family in liver and epididymal white adipose tissues (EWAT) of ob/ob mice. Losartan 19-27 leptin Mus musculus 345-347 34360607-7 2021 Moreover, HIF-1alpha-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction was reversed in ob/ob mice treated with losartan. Losartan 96-104 leptin Mus musculus 72-74 34360607-7 2021 Moreover, HIF-1alpha-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction was reversed in ob/ob mice treated with losartan. Losartan 96-104 leptin Mus musculus 75-77 34275474-2 2021 Since high-fat diet-induced microglial activation and hypothalamic inflammation impair leptin signaling and increase food intake, we aimed to explore the potential connection between the anorexigenic effect of CTRP4 and the suppression of hypothalamic inflammation in mice with DIO. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 278-281 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 34275474-7 2021 RESULTS: We found that food intake was decreased, while leptin signaling was significantly improved in mice with DIO after CTRP4 overexpression. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 113-116 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 34356649-11 2021 Curcuminoids reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines and leptin in 3T3-L1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with BDMC showing the greatest potency. Diarylheptanoids 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 34356649-11 2021 Curcuminoids reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines and leptin in 3T3-L1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with BDMC showing the greatest potency. bisdemethoxycurcumin 122-126 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 34356649-12 2021 BDMC at 20 muM significantly decreased leptin by 72% compared with differentiated controls. bisdemethoxycurcumin 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 34238228-7 2021 Orally fed TMC3115 protected mice, especially those who had received treatment throughout the whole study, from damage due to a high-fat diet, such as increases in levels of fasting blood glucose and serum levels of insulin, leptin, and IR indices. tmc3115 11-18 leptin Mus musculus 225-231 34298949-6 2021 In conditioned medium made from PRAT (PRAT-CM) of Ipra-treated mice, the concentration of leptin was significantly lower than PRAT-CM of mice without Ipra treatment. ipragliflozin 50-54 leptin Mus musculus 90-96 34298949-10 2021 In vitro experiments suggest that reduced PRAT-derived leptin by Ipra could inhibit GECs proliferation, possibly contributing to the suppression of DN development. ipragliflozin 65-69 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 34232433-3 2021 Dapagliflozin and ticagrelor have been shown to have additive effects on the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with type-2 diabetes. dapagliflozin 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 124-126 34232433-3 2021 Dapagliflozin and ticagrelor have been shown to have additive effects on the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with type-2 diabetes. dapagliflozin 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 127-129 34232433-3 2021 Dapagliflozin and ticagrelor have been shown to have additive effects on the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with type-2 diabetes. Ticagrelor 18-28 leptin Mus musculus 124-126 34232433-3 2021 Dapagliflozin and ticagrelor have been shown to have additive effects on the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with type-2 diabetes. Ticagrelor 18-28 leptin Mus musculus 127-129 34232433-3 2021 Dapagliflozin and ticagrelor have been shown to have additive effects on the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with type-2 diabetes. btbr 119-123 leptin Mus musculus 124-126 34232433-15 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Dapagliflozin and ticagrelor attenuated the progression of diabetic nephropathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with additive effects of the combination. dapagliflozin 13-26 leptin Mus musculus 101-103 34232433-15 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Dapagliflozin and ticagrelor attenuated the progression of diabetic nephropathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with additive effects of the combination. dapagliflozin 13-26 leptin Mus musculus 104-106 34232433-15 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Dapagliflozin and ticagrelor attenuated the progression of diabetic nephropathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with additive effects of the combination. Ticagrelor 31-41 leptin Mus musculus 101-103 34232433-15 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Dapagliflozin and ticagrelor attenuated the progression of diabetic nephropathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with additive effects of the combination. Ticagrelor 31-41 leptin Mus musculus 104-106 34232916-13 2021 The elevated expression levels of Leptin, FABP4, SREBP1C, PPARgamma, and C/EBPalpha induced by the stimulation with DMI incubation were dramatically inhibited by the introduction of TSA, accompanied by the upregulation of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK). Desipramine 116-119 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 34232916-29 2021 The elevated expression levels of Leptin, FABP4, SREBP1C, PPARgamma, and C/EBPalpha induced by the stimulation with DMI incubation were dramatically inhibited by the introduction of TSA, accompanied by the upregulation of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK). Desipramine 116-119 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Alanine 164-171 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Citrulline 173-183 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Ethanolamine 185-197 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Glutamine 199-208 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Glycine 210-217 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Histidine 219-228 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Leucine 242-249 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Methionine 251-261 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Phenylalanine 263-276 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-6 2021 RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were identified as common biomarkers discriminating ob/ob mice and lepb-/- zebrafish larvae from their respective wild type controls: alanine, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, putrescine, serine and threonine. Serine 290-296 leptin Mus musculus 82-84 34233759-8 2021 Deep sequencing showed that many genes involved in proteolysis and arachidonic acid metabolism were dysregulated in ob/ob mice heads and lepb mutant zebrafish larvae compared to their wild type controls, respectively. Arachidonic Acid 67-83 leptin Mus musculus 116-118 34233759-8 2021 Deep sequencing showed that many genes involved in proteolysis and arachidonic acid metabolism were dysregulated in ob/ob mice heads and lepb mutant zebrafish larvae compared to their wild type controls, respectively. Arachidonic Acid 67-83 leptin Mus musculus 119-121 34440221-12 2021 Treatment with metformin, alendronate, and their combination decreased serum concentrations of leptin and resistin in the chronic phase of arthritis. Metformin 15-24 leptin Mus musculus 95-101 34440221-12 2021 Treatment with metformin, alendronate, and their combination decreased serum concentrations of leptin and resistin in the chronic phase of arthritis. Alendronate 26-37 leptin Mus musculus 95-101 34183063-6 2021 However, as expected, the glucose metabolism and the glucose-induced insulin secretion were significantly different between ob/ob and db/db mice. Glucose 53-60 leptin Mus musculus 124-126 34057306-6 2021 HFD-fed mice supplemented with WPI showed reduced body weight gain, adiposity, Ob gene expression level in the epidydimal adipose tissue (eWAT) and plasma leptin relative to HFD-CAS-fed mice, after 5- or 10-weeks intervention both with or without ABX treatment. CHEMBL369125 247-250 leptin Mus musculus 79-81 34203569-0 2021 Effects of Baccharin Isolated from Brazilian Green Propolis on Adipocyte Differentiation and Hyperglycemia in ob/ob Diabetic Mice. baccharin 11-20 leptin Mus musculus 110-112 34203569-7 2021 In diabetic ob/ob mice, intraperitoneal administration of 50 mg/kg baccharin significantly improved blood glucose levels. baccharin 67-76 leptin Mus musculus 15-17 34177455-9 2021 However, leptin-induced depolarization still occurred in the presence of either BAPTA or EGTA suggesting that the calcium entry necessary to self-activate the TRPC1/5 complex is not blocked by the presence of BAPTA in hypothalamic neurons. 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid 80-85 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 34177455-9 2021 However, leptin-induced depolarization still occurred in the presence of either BAPTA or EGTA suggesting that the calcium entry necessary to self-activate the TRPC1/5 complex is not blocked by the presence of BAPTA in hypothalamic neurons. Egtazic Acid 89-93 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 34177455-9 2021 However, leptin-induced depolarization still occurred in the presence of either BAPTA or EGTA suggesting that the calcium entry necessary to self-activate the TRPC1/5 complex is not blocked by the presence of BAPTA in hypothalamic neurons. Calcium 114-121 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 34198579-7 2021 We generated a Tet-OFF-based beta-cell-specific adenoviral expression construct for mouse leptin, which allowed efficient transduction of native beta-cells, optical monitoring of leptin expression by co-expressed fluorescent proteins, and the possibility to switch-off leptin expression by treatment with doxycycline. Doxycycline 305-316 leptin Mus musculus 90-96 34198579-7 2021 We generated a Tet-OFF-based beta-cell-specific adenoviral expression construct for mouse leptin, which allowed efficient transduction of native beta-cells, optical monitoring of leptin expression by co-expressed fluorescent proteins, and the possibility to switch-off leptin expression by treatment with doxycycline. Doxycycline 305-316 leptin Mus musculus 269-275 34198579-8 2021 Intraocular transplantation of islet organoids formed from transduced islet cells, which lack functional leptin receptors, to ob/ob mice allowed optical monitoring of leptin expression and ameliorated their metabolic phenotype by improving bodyweight, glucose tolerance, serum insulin, and C-peptide levels. Glucose 252-259 leptin Mus musculus 126-128 34198579-8 2021 Intraocular transplantation of islet organoids formed from transduced islet cells, which lack functional leptin receptors, to ob/ob mice allowed optical monitoring of leptin expression and ameliorated their metabolic phenotype by improving bodyweight, glucose tolerance, serum insulin, and C-peptide levels. Glucose 252-259 leptin Mus musculus 129-131 34177455-3 2021 Here we show that the right-shift voltage induced by the leptin-induced TRPC channel-mediated depolarization of the resting membrane potential brings T-type channels into the active window current range, resulting in an increase of the steady state T-type calcium current from 40 to 70% resulting in increased intrinsic excitability of POMC neurons. Calcium 256-263 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 34177455-5 2021 The involvement of TRPC channels in the leptin-induced excitability of POMC neurons was corroborated by using the TRPC channel inhibitor 2APB, which precluded the effect of leptin. 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate 137-141 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 34177455-6 2021 We demonstrate T-type currents are indispensable for both processes, as treatment with NNC-55-0396 prevented the membrane depolarization and rheobase changes induced by leptin. NNC 55-0396 87-98 leptin Mus musculus 169-175 33977593-6 2021 In addition, amino acid transport and metabolism genes were upregulated in ob/ob islets, suggesting an important role of glutamate metabolism in beta-cell compensation. Glutamic Acid 121-130 leptin Mus musculus 78-80 34074372-15 2021 Adipocyte factor LEP was positively correlated with the content of FBG, TG, TC and LDL-C, with r values of 0. Thioguanine 72-74 leptin Mus musculus 17-20 34074279-13 2021 IL-33 with leptin, but not IL-33 alone, enhanced Ers rather than Rrs challenged with methacholine in ob/ob mice, whereas it enhanced Rrs alone in wild-type mice. Methacholine Chloride 85-97 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 34074279-13 2021 IL-33 with leptin, but not IL-33 alone, enhanced Ers rather than Rrs challenged with methacholine in ob/ob mice, whereas it enhanced Rrs alone in wild-type mice. Methacholine Chloride 85-97 leptin Mus musculus 101-103 34074279-13 2021 IL-33 with leptin, but not IL-33 alone, enhanced Ers rather than Rrs challenged with methacholine in ob/ob mice, whereas it enhanced Rrs alone in wild-type mice. Methacholine Chloride 85-97 leptin Mus musculus 104-106 33977593-6 2021 In addition, amino acid transport and metabolism genes were upregulated in ob/ob islets, suggesting an important role of glutamate metabolism in beta-cell compensation. Glutamic Acid 121-130 leptin Mus musculus 75-77 34064680-5 2021 In addition to muscular iron accumulation in ob/ob mice, expressions of iron homeostasis-related divalent metal transporter 1, ferritin, and hepcidin proteins were increased in ob/ob mice compared to lean littermates, whereas expressions of transferrin receptor and ferroportin were reduced. Iron 24-28 leptin Mus musculus 45-47 34064680-5 2021 In addition to muscular iron accumulation in ob/ob mice, expressions of iron homeostasis-related divalent metal transporter 1, ferritin, and hepcidin proteins were increased in ob/ob mice compared to lean littermates, whereas expressions of transferrin receptor and ferroportin were reduced. Iron 24-28 leptin Mus musculus 48-50 34064680-5 2021 In addition to muscular iron accumulation in ob/ob mice, expressions of iron homeostasis-related divalent metal transporter 1, ferritin, and hepcidin proteins were increased in ob/ob mice compared to lean littermates, whereas expressions of transferrin receptor and ferroportin were reduced. Iron 24-28 leptin Mus musculus 177-179 34064680-5 2021 In addition to muscular iron accumulation in ob/ob mice, expressions of iron homeostasis-related divalent metal transporter 1, ferritin, and hepcidin proteins were increased in ob/ob mice compared to lean littermates, whereas expressions of transferrin receptor and ferroportin were reduced. Iron 24-28 leptin Mus musculus 180-182 34064680-5 2021 In addition to muscular iron accumulation in ob/ob mice, expressions of iron homeostasis-related divalent metal transporter 1, ferritin, and hepcidin proteins were increased in ob/ob mice compared to lean littermates, whereas expressions of transferrin receptor and ferroportin were reduced. Iron 72-76 leptin Mus musculus 45-47 34064680-5 2021 In addition to muscular iron accumulation in ob/ob mice, expressions of iron homeostasis-related divalent metal transporter 1, ferritin, and hepcidin proteins were increased in ob/ob mice compared to lean littermates, whereas expressions of transferrin receptor and ferroportin were reduced. Iron 72-76 leptin Mus musculus 48-50 34064680-5 2021 In addition to muscular iron accumulation in ob/ob mice, expressions of iron homeostasis-related divalent metal transporter 1, ferritin, and hepcidin proteins were increased in ob/ob mice compared to lean littermates, whereas expressions of transferrin receptor and ferroportin were reduced. Iron 72-76 leptin Mus musculus 177-179 34064680-5 2021 In addition to muscular iron accumulation in ob/ob mice, expressions of iron homeostasis-related divalent metal transporter 1, ferritin, and hepcidin proteins were increased in ob/ob mice compared to lean littermates, whereas expressions of transferrin receptor and ferroportin were reduced. Iron 72-76 leptin Mus musculus 180-182 34074372-15 2021 Adipocyte factor LEP was positively correlated with the content of FBG, TG, TC and LDL-C, with r values of 0. Technetium 76-78 leptin Mus musculus 17-20 34074372-15 2021 Adipocyte factor LEP was positively correlated with the content of FBG, TG, TC and LDL-C, with r values of 0. ldl-c 83-88 leptin Mus musculus 17-20 34515192-6 2021 RESULTS: The concentration of 25OHD3 in the serum of obese mice induced by HFD was significantly reduced, and these mice showed liver hypertrophy accompanied by abnormal liver injury, testicular hypertrophy, low testosterone levels, high leptin levels, and low sperm motility. Calcifediol 30-36 leptin Mus musculus 238-244 35510543-3 2022 Our previous work indicates that leptin infusion induces endothelial dysfunction in nonpregnant female mice via leptin-mediated aldosterone production and endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor (ECMR) activation, which is ablated by ECMR deletion. Aldosterone 128-139 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 34148046-5 2021 Curcumin, an active polyphenol of the golden spice turmeric, inhibits leptin-induced HSC activation and liver fibrogenesis. Curcumin 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 70-76 34148046-9 2021 RESULTS: Curcumin reduced leptin-induced MAT2A expression. Curcumin 9-17 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 34148046-10 2021 JNK signaling contributed to leptin-induced increase in MAT2A level, which could be interrupted by curcumin treatment. Curcumin 99-107 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 34148046-12 2021 The effect of curcumin on leptin-induced MAT2A expression paralleled the reductions in leptin-induced activated HSCs and liver fibrosis. Curcumin 14-22 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 34148046-12 2021 The effect of curcumin on leptin-induced MAT2A expression paralleled the reductions in leptin-induced activated HSCs and liver fibrosis. Curcumin 14-22 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 35510543-3 2022 Our previous work indicates that leptin infusion induces endothelial dysfunction in nonpregnant female mice via leptin-mediated aldosterone production and endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor (ECMR) activation, which is ablated by ECMR deletion. Aldosterone 128-139 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 35510543-8 2022 Leptin infusion reduced endothelial-dependent relaxation responses to acetylcholine (ACh) in both resistance (second-order mesenteric) and conduit (aorta) vessels in WT pregnant mice. Acetylcholine 70-83 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 35510543-8 2022 Leptin infusion reduced endothelial-dependent relaxation responses to acetylcholine (ACh) in both resistance (second-order mesenteric) and conduit (aorta) vessels in WT pregnant mice. Acetylcholine 85-88 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 35510543-10 2022 Adrenal aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor b (AT1Rb) expression increased with leptin infusion in pregnant WT mice. Aldosterone 8-19 leptin Mus musculus 110-116 35390743-8 2022 In addition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid, were significantly increased after LEP administration. Fatty Acids, Volatile 13-36 leptin Mus musculus 139-142 35429748-11 2022 Moreover, RSPC (5 mg/kg for mice; equivalent to 924 microg/d for adults) promoted secretion of adiponectin and suppressed resistin, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. rspc 10-14 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 35201390-1 2022 Our previous studies found that safflower yellow (SY) and its main component hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) could alleviate obesity and improve leptin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese mice. safflower yellow 50-52 leptin Mus musculus 144-150 35201390-1 2022 Our previous studies found that safflower yellow (SY) and its main component hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) could alleviate obesity and improve leptin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese mice. hydroxysafflor yellow A 77-100 leptin Mus musculus 144-150 35529938-7 2022 The leptin signal transduction pathways mainly include the JAK2-STAT3, AMPK-ACC, LepRb-IRS-PI3K-PDE3B-cAMP, and LepRb-SHP2-MAPKs (ERK1/2) pathways. Cyclic AMP 102-106 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 35548560-0 2022 Folate Deficiency Increased Lipid Accumulation and Leptin Production of Adipocytes. Folic Acid 0-6 leptin Mus musculus 51-57 35548560-4 2022 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary folate on lipid accumulation and leptin production using both in vivo and in vitro studies. Folic Acid 64-70 leptin Mus musculus 97-103 35548560-11 2022 Our results suggested that folate deficiency increased lipid accumulation and leptin production of adipocytes, and thus, inadequate folate status might be one of the risk factors for adiposity. Folic Acid 27-33 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 35548560-11 2022 Our results suggested that folate deficiency increased lipid accumulation and leptin production of adipocytes, and thus, inadequate folate status might be one of the risk factors for adiposity. Folic Acid 132-138 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 35563076-7 2022 Acacetin decreased low-density lipoprotein and leptin concentrations, but increased high-density lipoprotein and adiponectin levels in obese mice. acacetin 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 35458705-0 2022 (20R)-Panaxadiol as a Natural Active Component with Anti-Obesity Effects on ob/ob Mice via Modulating the Gut Microbiota. (20r)-panaxadiol 0-16 leptin Mus musculus 76-78 35458705-0 2022 (20R)-Panaxadiol as a Natural Active Component with Anti-Obesity Effects on ob/ob Mice via Modulating the Gut Microbiota. (20r)-panaxadiol 0-16 leptin Mus musculus 79-81 35458705-8 2022 Panaxadiol decreased ob/ob mice"s Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B). panaxadiol 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 21-23 35458705-8 2022 Panaxadiol decreased ob/ob mice"s Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B). panaxadiol 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 24-26 35377454-6 2022 Leptin also boosts the effects of IL-4 in macrophages, leading to increased oxygen consumption, expression of macrophage markers associated with a tissue repair phenotype, and wound healing. Oxygen 76-82 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 35610699-10 2022 RESULTS: Leptin did not affect mouse body weight, but HDM+leptin increased baseline blood glucose. Glucose 90-97 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 35610699-10 2022 RESULTS: Leptin did not affect mouse body weight, but HDM+leptin increased baseline blood glucose. Glucose 90-97 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 35610699-13 2022 Female mice exhibited enhanced airway responsiveness to methacholine with HDM+leptin treatment, while leptin alone decreased total respiratory system resistance in male mice. Methacholine Chloride 56-68 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 35597815-2 2022 We herein demonstrated that YHIEPV, derived from the pepsin-pancreatin digestion of the green leaf protein Rubisco, increased the leptin-induced phosphorylation of STAT3 in ex vivo hypothalamic slice cultures. yhiepv 28-34 leptin Mus musculus 130-136 35597815-3 2022 We also showed that YHIEPV mitigated palmitic acid-induced decreases in leptin responsiveness. yhiepv 20-26 leptin Mus musculus 72-78 35597815-3 2022 We also showed that YHIEPV mitigated palmitic acid-induced decreases in leptin responsiveness. Palmitic Acid 37-50 leptin Mus musculus 72-78 35597815-4 2022 Furthermore, orally administered YHIEPV promoted leptin-induced reductions in body weight and food intake in obese mice. yhiepv 33-39 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 35597815-6 2022 Cellular leptin sensitivity and the levels of proinflammatory-related factors, such as IL1beta and Socs-3, in the hypothalamus of obese mice were also restored by YHIEPV. yhiepv 163-169 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 35597815-7 2022 YHIEPV blocked cellular leptin resistance induced by forskolin, which activates Epac-Rap1 signaling, and reduced the level of the GTP-bound active form of Rap1 in the brains of obese mice. yhiepv 0-6 leptin Mus musculus 24-30 35597815-7 2022 YHIEPV blocked cellular leptin resistance induced by forskolin, which activates Epac-Rap1 signaling, and reduced the level of the GTP-bound active form of Rap1 in the brains of obese mice. Colforsin 53-62 leptin Mus musculus 24-30 35597815-8 2022 Collectively, the present results demonstrated that the orally active peptide YHIEPV derived from a major green leaf protein increased neural leptin responsiveness and reduced body weight gain in mice with dietary obesity. yhiepv 78-84 leptin Mus musculus 142-148 35560370-7 2022 In addition, HFD-fed ob/ob mice were treated with gadolinium trichloride to deplete Kupffer cells. gadolinium chloride 50-72 leptin Mus musculus 21-23 35560370-7 2022 In addition, HFD-fed ob/ob mice were treated with gadolinium trichloride to deplete Kupffer cells. gadolinium chloride 50-72 leptin Mus musculus 24-26 35079130-9 2022 EcN-GM also increased the level of GLP-1 in serum and alleviated leptin and insulin resistance. ecn-gm 0-6 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 35128673-0 2022 Gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids partially mediate the beneficial effects of inulin on metabolic disorders in obese ob/ob mice. Fatty Acids 31-42 leptin Mus musculus 129-131 35390743-8 2022 In addition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid, were significantly increased after LEP administration. Fatty Acids, Volatile 38-43 leptin Mus musculus 139-142 35390743-8 2022 In addition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid, were significantly increased after LEP administration. Acetic Acid 56-67 leptin Mus musculus 139-142 35390743-8 2022 In addition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid, were significantly increased after LEP administration. propionic acid 69-83 leptin Mus musculus 139-142 35390743-8 2022 In addition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid, were significantly increased after LEP administration. Fatty Acids 88-102 leptin Mus musculus 139-142 35353249-7 2022 There were no changes in body weight and fat mass in low-protein fed dams; however, BCAA supplementation significantly increased fat mass and serum leptin levels. Amino Acids, Branched-Chain 84-88 leptin Mus musculus 148-154 35409324-0 2022 Meta-Inflammation and De Novo Lipogenesis Markers Are Involved in Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease Progression in BTBR ob/ob Mice. btbr 122-126 leptin Mus musculus 127-129 35409324-0 2022 Meta-Inflammation and De Novo Lipogenesis Markers Are Involved in Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease Progression in BTBR ob/ob Mice. btbr 122-126 leptin Mus musculus 130-132 35409324-9 2022 BTBR ob/ob mice develop MAFLD profile that resemble pathological features observed in humans, with overactivation of inflammatory response, oxidative stress and DNL signaling pathways. btbr 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 5-7 35409324-10 2022 Therefore, BTBR ob/ob mouse is an excellent model for the study of the steatosis to steatohepatitis transition. btbr 11-15 leptin Mus musculus 16-18 35323110-7 2022 Furthermore, our results suggest the skeletal muscle as the most notable site of action of sulforaphane whose peripheral NRF2 action signals to alleviate leptin resistance. sulforaphane 91-103 leptin Mus musculus 154-160 35204737-7 2022 In vivo blockade of hypothalamic SPX biosynthesis with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS ODN) resulted in a diminished leptin effect on food intake and body weight. Oligodeoxyribonucleotides 68-88 leptin Mus musculus 123-129 35323110-0 2022 Sulforaphane reduces obesity by reversing leptin resistance. sulforaphane 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 35323110-5 2022 Sulforaphane does not reduce the body weight or food intake of lean mice but induces an anorectic response when coadministered with exogenous leptin. sulforaphane 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 142-148 35152284-6 2022 In the adolescent HIP, TB up-regulated gene expression levels of Pparg, leptin and adiponectin receptors, and that of the glutamate (GLU) receptor subunits AMPA-2, NMDA-1, NMDA-2A and NMDA-2B. tributyrin 23-25 leptin Mus musculus 72-78 35147634-0 2022 Dihydromyricetin prevents obesity via regulating bile acid metabolism associated with the farnesoid X receptor in ob/ob mice. dihydromyricetin 0-16 leptin Mus musculus 114-116 35147634-0 2022 Dihydromyricetin prevents obesity via regulating bile acid metabolism associated with the farnesoid X receptor in ob/ob mice. dihydromyricetin 0-16 leptin Mus musculus 117-119 35147634-0 2022 Dihydromyricetin prevents obesity via regulating bile acid metabolism associated with the farnesoid X receptor in ob/ob mice. Bile Acids and Salts 49-58 leptin Mus musculus 114-116 35147634-0 2022 Dihydromyricetin prevents obesity via regulating bile acid metabolism associated with the farnesoid X receptor in ob/ob mice. Bile Acids and Salts 49-58 leptin Mus musculus 117-119 35382379-0 2022 Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates hepatic steatosis by modulating intestinal permeability and gut microbiota in ob/ob mice. Linoleic Acid 11-24 leptin Mus musculus 115-117 35382379-0 2022 Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates hepatic steatosis by modulating intestinal permeability and gut microbiota in ob/ob mice. Linoleic Acid 11-24 leptin Mus musculus 118-120 35125071-6 2022 Circulating leptin levels increased on both fatty acid-enriched diet, but were higher in UOLF mice, as were leptin mRNA levels in visceral adipose tissue. Fatty Acids 44-54 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 34732538-2 2022 The Withaferin A (WA) shows a great potential for prevention of obesity by sensitizing leptin signaling in the hypothalamus. withaferin A 4-16 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 34732538-2 2022 The Withaferin A (WA) shows a great potential for prevention of obesity by sensitizing leptin signaling in the hypothalamus. withaferin A 18-20 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 35545358-17 2022 Compared with the I/R+ob/+ group, the levels of p-mTOR, p-PTEN, p-AMPK, p-AKT were more significantly down-regulated, while the levels of caspase 3, caspase 9, PTEN, and LC3 II were more significantly up-regulated, and the ratio of LC3 II to LC3 I was more significantly increase in the I/R+ob/ob group (all P<0.05). lc3 ii 232-238 leptin Mus musculus 22-24 35163521-2 2022 Disruption of central 5-HT signaling via 5-HT2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) induces leptin-independent hyperphagia in mice, leading to late-onset obesity, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose tolerance. Serotonin 22-26 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 35545358-17 2022 Compared with the I/R+ob/+ group, the levels of p-mTOR, p-PTEN, p-AMPK, p-AKT were more significantly down-regulated, while the levels of caspase 3, caspase 9, PTEN, and LC3 II were more significantly up-regulated, and the ratio of LC3 II to LC3 I was more significantly increase in the I/R+ob/ob group (all P<0.05). lc3 242-245 leptin Mus musculus 22-24 35159237-3 2022 This study reports that epiregulin (EREG) governed glucose uptake in vitro and in vivo in Lepob mice by activating LepR under leptin-deficient conditions. Glucose 51-58 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 35072627-2 2022 Here we show that gut microbe-targeted inhibition of the trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) pathway protects mice against the metabolic disturbances associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO) or leptin deficiency (Lepob/ob). trimethyloxamine 57-79 leptin Mus musculus 215-217 35208189-7 2022 In addition, the circulating concentrations of three hormones that regulate metabolism, resistin, leptin, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, were reduced by TIMEx consumption, which may be involved in its effect to prevent hypertriglyceridemia. timex 172-177 leptin Mus musculus 98-104 35072627-2 2022 Here we show that gut microbe-targeted inhibition of the trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) pathway protects mice against the metabolic disturbances associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO) or leptin deficiency (Lepob/ob). trimethyloxamine 81-85 leptin Mus musculus 215-217 35163941-9 2022 Further, oxypeucedanin downregulated the key adipogenic markers, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors proteins gamma (PPAR-gamma), sterol response element binding proteins-1 (SREBP-1), CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins-alpha (C/EBP-alpha), adipocyte-specific lipid binding proteins (FABP-4), adipocyte fatty acid binding proteins (aP2), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and leptin. oxypeucadanin 9-22 leptin Mus musculus 379-385 35039672-7 2022 Additionally, the anti-obesity effect of tubastatin A is attenuated in animals with a defective central leptin-melanocortin circuitry, including db/db and MC4R knockout mice. tubastatin A 41-53 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 35013417-8 2022 TZDs exacerbated fatty liver in ob/ob and A-ZIP/F-1 mice, improved it in Lepmkyo/Lepmkyo rats and showed no effect in SKO rats. tzds 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 32-34 35013417-8 2022 TZDs exacerbated fatty liver in ob/ob and A-ZIP/F-1 mice, improved it in Lepmkyo/Lepmkyo rats and showed no effect in SKO rats. tzds 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 35-37 33711553-0 2021 919 syrup inhibits ROS-mediated leptin-induced anorexia by activating PPARgamma and improves gut flora abnormalities. ros 19-22 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 2457574-2 1988 LEP/MK2 consists of calcium-free MEM with non-essential amino acids supplemented with 8 factors. Calcium 20-27 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 33895552-8 2021 Treatment of ob/ob mice for 6 weeks with udenafil reduced fat mass and fasting glucose. udenafil 41-49 leptin Mus musculus 13-15 33895552-8 2021 Treatment of ob/ob mice for 6 weeks with udenafil reduced fat mass and fasting glucose. udenafil 41-49 leptin Mus musculus 16-18 33895552-8 2021 Treatment of ob/ob mice for 6 weeks with udenafil reduced fat mass and fasting glucose. Glucose 79-86 leptin Mus musculus 13-15 33895552-8 2021 Treatment of ob/ob mice for 6 weeks with udenafil reduced fat mass and fasting glucose. Glucose 79-86 leptin Mus musculus 16-18 32989260-9 2021 However, degarelix-treated mice gained significantly less weight, had lower serum leptin levels and systolic blood pressure compared to orchiectomy and leuprolide-treated mice. acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ILys-prolyl-alaninamide 9-18 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 33911188-0 2021 Reversal of hypertriglyceridemia in diabetic BTBR ob/ob mice does not prevent nephropathy. btbr 45-49 leptin Mus musculus 50-52 33994232-0 2021 Corrigendum to "Non-invasive Assessment of Liver Fat in ob/ob Mice Using Ultrasound-Induced Thermal Strain Imaging and Its Correlation with Hepatic Triglyceride Content" [Ultrasound Med Biol 47 (2021) 1067-1076]. Triglycerides 148-160 leptin Mus musculus 56-58 33994232-0 2021 Corrigendum to "Non-invasive Assessment of Liver Fat in ob/ob Mice Using Ultrasound-Induced Thermal Strain Imaging and Its Correlation with Hepatic Triglyceride Content" [Ultrasound Med Biol 47 (2021) 1067-1076]. Triglycerides 148-160 leptin Mus musculus 59-61 34041282-0 2021 Activation of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells by alpha-Galactosylceramide Attenuates the Development of Angiotensin II-Mediated Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Obese ob/ob Mice. alpha-galactosylceramide 50-74 leptin Mus musculus 164-166 34041282-0 2021 Activation of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells by alpha-Galactosylceramide Attenuates the Development of Angiotensin II-Mediated Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Obese ob/ob Mice. alpha-galactosylceramide 50-74 leptin Mus musculus 167-169 33607237-13 2021 In conclusion, these results show that AP acupuncture treatment effectively alleviated the depression-like behavior, affected immune responses, and altered hepatic lipid metabolism through the attenuation of leptin insensitivity. ap acupuncture 39-53 leptin Mus musculus 208-214 33852976-10 2021 Additionally, PNO has significantly attenuated the HFD-induced changes in the adipose tissue expression of PPAR-gamma, SREBP-1c, LPL, and leptin. pentanal 14-17 leptin Mus musculus 138-144 34015313-9 2021 In cardiomyocytes, pretreatment with exogenous leptin prior to LPS reduced the expression of both pro-inflammatory genes, enhanced the expression of the antioxidant genes HO-1, SOD2 and HIF-1alpha, and lowered ROS staining. ros 210-213 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 34015313-11 2021 Together, these findings have indicated that under LPS, leptin concomitantly downregulated pro-inflammatory genes, upregulated antioxidant genes, and lowered ROS levels. ros 158-161 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 33911188-0 2021 Reversal of hypertriglyceridemia in diabetic BTBR ob/ob mice does not prevent nephropathy. btbr 45-49 leptin Mus musculus 53-55 33872705-2 2021 STAT3 activation plays a pivotal role in the behavioral responses to the adiposity hormone leptin, including in midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons where it mediates the influence of leptin to diminish physical activity and running reward in male mice. Dopamine 121-129 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 33872705-2 2021 STAT3 activation plays a pivotal role in the behavioral responses to the adiposity hormone leptin, including in midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons where it mediates the influence of leptin to diminish physical activity and running reward in male mice. Dopamine 121-129 leptin Mus musculus 178-184 33872705-2 2021 STAT3 activation plays a pivotal role in the behavioral responses to the adiposity hormone leptin, including in midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons where it mediates the influence of leptin to diminish physical activity and running reward in male mice. Dopamine 131-133 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 33872705-2 2021 STAT3 activation plays a pivotal role in the behavioral responses to the adiposity hormone leptin, including in midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons where it mediates the influence of leptin to diminish physical activity and running reward in male mice. Dopamine 131-133 leptin Mus musculus 178-184 33872705-3 2021 Leptin also has anxiolytic effects which have been tied to the mesolimbic DA system. Dopamine 74-76 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33545570-0 2021 Preparation and characterization of PEGylated liposomal Doxorubicin targeted with leptin-derived peptide and evaluation of their anti-tumor effects, in vitro and in vivo in mice bearing C26 colon carcinoma. Doxorubicin 56-67 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 33876704-6 2021 Perinatal AgNPs exposure affected metabolic parameters (resistin, glucagon-like peptide-1, leptin, insulin) and upregulated JNK/P38/ERK signaling in the pancreas. agnps 10-15 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 33927690-8 2021 Mechanistically, asperuloside significantly reduced hypothalamic mRNA ghrelin, leptin, and pro-opiomelanocortin in mice consuming HFD. asperuloside 17-29 leptin Mus musculus 79-85 33846474-0 2021 Author Correction: Estradiol and high fat diet associate with changes in gut microbiota in female ob/ob mice. Estradiol 19-28 leptin Mus musculus 81-83 33846474-0 2021 Author Correction: Estradiol and high fat diet associate with changes in gut microbiota in female ob/ob mice. Estradiol 19-28 leptin Mus musculus 98-100 33545570-2 2021 In the present study, a leptin-derived peptide (Lp31) was evaluated to optimize the therapeutic efficacy of PEGylated liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD, Caelyx ). Doxorubicin 128-139 leptin Mus musculus 24-30 33545570-5 2021 The anti-tumor activity and therapeutic efficacy of leptin modified Caelyx were evaluated and compared with Caelyx. liposomal doxorubicin 68-74 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 33482185-0 2021 Beinaglutide shows significantly beneficial effects in diabetes/obesity-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in ob/ob mouse model. Beinaglutide 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 64-66 33656663-10 2021 CONCLUSION: PNS exerted hepatoprotection against NAFLD in both ob/ob and HFD-induced obese mice, primarily by mediating the gut-liver axis in a TLR4-dependent manner. 4'-phosphopantetheine 12-15 leptin Mus musculus 63-65 33656663-10 2021 CONCLUSION: PNS exerted hepatoprotection against NAFLD in both ob/ob and HFD-induced obese mice, primarily by mediating the gut-liver axis in a TLR4-dependent manner. 4'-phosphopantetheine 12-15 leptin Mus musculus 66-68 33482185-0 2021 Beinaglutide shows significantly beneficial effects in diabetes/obesity-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in ob/ob mouse model. Beinaglutide 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 112-114 33482185-4 2021 METHODS: The pharmacological efficacy of beinaglutide was evaluated in C57BL/6 and ob/ob mice after single administration. Beinaglutide 41-53 leptin Mus musculus 83-85 33482185-4 2021 METHODS: The pharmacological efficacy of beinaglutide was evaluated in C57BL/6 and ob/ob mice after single administration. Beinaglutide 41-53 leptin Mus musculus 86-88 33482185-8 2021 At higher doses, beinaglutide could inhibit food intake over 4 h, which results in weight loss in ob/ob mice after about two weeks treatment. Beinaglutide 17-29 leptin Mus musculus 98-100 33482185-8 2021 At higher doses, beinaglutide could inhibit food intake over 4 h, which results in weight loss in ob/ob mice after about two weeks treatment. Beinaglutide 17-29 leptin Mus musculus 101-103 33783357-6 2021 Indeed, we show that feeding mice a diet supplemented with sodium selenite results in an MR-like phenotype, marked by protection against diet-induced obesity, as well as altered plasma levels of IGF-1, FGF-21, adiponectin, and leptin. Sodium Selenite 59-74 leptin Mus musculus 227-233 33708630-5 2021 Serum leptin levels increased with HFD feeding and further increased in urethane-administered and HFD-fed mice. Urethane 72-80 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 33693866-9 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the efficacy of indole to reduce hepatic damage and associated inflammatory response and macrophage activation in ob/ob mice. indole 49-55 leptin Mus musculus 147-149 33693866-9 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the efficacy of indole to reduce hepatic damage and associated inflammatory response and macrophage activation in ob/ob mice. indole 49-55 leptin Mus musculus 150-152 33867112-0 2021 Identification of Novel Neurocircuitry Through Which Leptin Targets Multiple Inputs to the Dopamine System to Reduce Food Reward Seeking. Dopamine 91-99 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 33867112-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Leptin reduces the motivation to obtain food by modulating activity of the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system upon presentation of cues that predict a food reward. Dopamine 98-106 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 33867112-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Leptin reduces the motivation to obtain food by modulating activity of the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system upon presentation of cues that predict a food reward. Dopamine 108-110 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 33867112-6 2021 Leptin enhances the activity of these GABA neurons and thereby inhibits nucleus accumbens-projecting DA neurons. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 38-42 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33867112-6 2021 Leptin enhances the activity of these GABA neurons and thereby inhibits nucleus accumbens-projecting DA neurons. Dopamine 101-103 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33613258-5 2021 In fact, by retrograde signaling to cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) at inhibitory inputs to DA neurons, 2-AG inhibited GABA release thus inducing an increase in DA concentration in the VTA and NAc of ob/ob mice. glyceryl 2-arachidonate 107-111 leptin Mus musculus 203-205 33867112-10 2021 CONCLUSIONS: We identify neurocircuitry through which leptin targets multiple inputs to the DA system to reduce food reward seeking. Dopamine 92-94 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 33574568-10 2021 In type 2 diabetic ob/ob mice, single oral dose of SL010110 (100 mg/kg) suppressed gluconeogenesis accompanied by the suppressed hepatic SIRT2 activity, increased p300 activity, enhanced PEPCK1 acetylation and degradation. sl010110 51-59 leptin Mus musculus 19-21 33574568-11 2021 Chronic oral administration of SL010110 (15 or 50 mg/kg) significantly reduced the blood glucose levels in ob/ob and db/db mice. sl010110 31-39 leptin Mus musculus 107-109 33574568-11 2021 Chronic oral administration of SL010110 (15 or 50 mg/kg) significantly reduced the blood glucose levels in ob/ob and db/db mice. sl010110 31-39 leptin Mus musculus 110-112 33574568-11 2021 Chronic oral administration of SL010110 (15 or 50 mg/kg) significantly reduced the blood glucose levels in ob/ob and db/db mice. Glucose 89-96 leptin Mus musculus 107-109 33613258-4 2021 We found an elevation of OX-A trafficking and release to the VTA of ob/ob mice and consequent orexin receptor-1 (OX1R)-mediated over-activation of dopaminergic (DA) neurons via phospholipase C (PLC)/diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL-alpha)-induced biosynthesis of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). glyceryl 2-arachidonate 278-300 leptin Mus musculus 68-70 33613258-4 2021 We found an elevation of OX-A trafficking and release to the VTA of ob/ob mice and consequent orexin receptor-1 (OX1R)-mediated over-activation of dopaminergic (DA) neurons via phospholipase C (PLC)/diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL-alpha)-induced biosynthesis of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). glyceryl 2-arachidonate 302-306 leptin Mus musculus 68-70 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Glucose 282-289 leptin Mus musculus 134-136 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Glucose 282-289 leptin Mus musculus 137-139 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Alanine 290-297 leptin Mus musculus 134-136 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Alanine 290-297 leptin Mus musculus 137-139 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Glucose 299-306 leptin Mus musculus 134-136 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Glucose 299-306 leptin Mus musculus 137-139 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Lactic Acid 307-314 leptin Mus musculus 134-136 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Lactic Acid 307-314 leptin Mus musculus 137-139 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Ketones 320-326 leptin Mus musculus 134-136 33748705-5 2021 By constructing and evaluating the trans-omic network controlling the differences in metabolic reactions between fasted wild-type and ob/ob mice, we provided potential mechanisms of the obesity-associated dysfunctions of metabolic cycles between liver and skeletal muscle involving glucose-alanine, glucose-lactate, and ketone bodies. Ketones 320-326 leptin Mus musculus 137-139 33613258-5 2021 In fact, by retrograde signaling to cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) at inhibitory inputs to DA neurons, 2-AG inhibited GABA release thus inducing an increase in DA concentration in the VTA and NAc of ob/ob mice. glyceryl 2-arachidonate 107-111 leptin Mus musculus 206-208 33613258-10 2021 Enhanced DA signaling to the NAc in ob/ob mice, or in OX-A-injected wt mice, was accompanied by beta-arrestin2-mediated desensitization of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) in a manner prevented by SB-334867 or the D2R antagonist L741 (1.5 mg/Kg, i.p.). Dopamine 9-11 leptin Mus musculus 36-38 33613258-10 2021 Enhanced DA signaling to the NAc in ob/ob mice, or in OX-A-injected wt mice, was accompanied by beta-arrestin2-mediated desensitization of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) in a manner prevented by SB-334867 or the D2R antagonist L741 (1.5 mg/Kg, i.p.). Dopamine 9-11 leptin Mus musculus 39-41 33613258-10 2021 Enhanced DA signaling to the NAc in ob/ob mice, or in OX-A-injected wt mice, was accompanied by beta-arrestin2-mediated desensitization of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) in a manner prevented by SB-334867 or the D2R antagonist L741 (1.5 mg/Kg, i.p.). nac 29-32 leptin Mus musculus 36-38 33613258-10 2021 Enhanced DA signaling to the NAc in ob/ob mice, or in OX-A-injected wt mice, was accompanied by beta-arrestin2-mediated desensitization of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) in a manner prevented by SB-334867 or the D2R antagonist L741 (1.5 mg/Kg, i.p.). nac 29-32 leptin Mus musculus 39-41 33279635-9 2021 Body mass recovery was associated with the wheel running-induced recovery of body composition, paclitaxel-induced alterations to hypothalamic melanocortin signaling and associated peripheral circulating hormones (ghrelin and leptin). Paclitaxel 95-105 leptin Mus musculus 225-231 33613258-10 2021 Enhanced DA signaling to the NAc in ob/ob mice, or in OX-A-injected wt mice, was accompanied by beta-arrestin2-mediated desensitization of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) in a manner prevented by SB-334867 or the D2R antagonist L741 (1.5 mg/Kg, i.p.). 1-(2-methylbenzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5)naphthyridin-4-yl urea 191-200 leptin Mus musculus 36-38 33613258-10 2021 Enhanced DA signaling to the NAc in ob/ob mice, or in OX-A-injected wt mice, was accompanied by beta-arrestin2-mediated desensitization of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) in a manner prevented by SB-334867 or the D2R antagonist L741 (1.5 mg/Kg, i.p.). 4-mercaptobenzoate 223-227 leptin Mus musculus 36-38 33230896-6 2021 In contrast, administration of a predetermined dose of a long-acting leptin antagonist (100 microg/kg/d, PESLAN) chosen to block excessive leptin signaling during diet-induced obesity (DIO) showed the opposite effect and significantly improved glucose tolerance as well as decreased the total number of microglia and astrocytes in the hypothalamus of mice fed HFD. Glucose 244-251 leptin Mus musculus 69-75 33536560-7 2021 Leptin significantly ameliorated AdipoRon-induced suppression of angiogenesis through inhibition of ERK1/2 activation. AdipoRon 33-41 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33327743-5 2021 Using aortic root morphometry and en face lesion assay, we found that TSP-1 deletion abrogated leptin-stimulated lipid-filled lesion burden, plaque area, and collagen accumulation in aortic roots of ApoE-/- mice, shown via Oil red O, hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson trichrome staining, respectively. Hematoxylin 234-245 leptin Mus musculus 95-101 33327743-5 2021 Using aortic root morphometry and en face lesion assay, we found that TSP-1 deletion abrogated leptin-stimulated lipid-filled lesion burden, plaque area, and collagen accumulation in aortic roots of ApoE-/- mice, shown via Oil red O, hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson trichrome staining, respectively. Eosine Yellowish-(YS) 250-255 leptin Mus musculus 95-101 33535619-10 2021 These results suggest that maternal RSV supplementation under HFD intake prevents cognitive decline in senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8) adult offspring, promoting a reduction in triglycerides and leptin plasma levels, changes in the pro-inflammatory profile, and restoring the epigenetic landscape as well as synaptic plasticity. Resveratrol 36-39 leptin Mus musculus 207-213 33068743-9 2021 The leptin to ghrelin ratio was reduced in DBCB mice receiving R. Consumption of R increased IL-3 and IL-10 levels in both DBA/2J and DBCB mice. Resveratrol 63-64 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 32917985-2 2021 Leptin modulates responsiveness of VAN to meal-related gastrointestinal signals. van 35-38 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 32917985-3 2021 Rodents with high-fat diet (HF) feeding develop leptin resistance that impairs responsiveness of VAN. van 97-100 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 32917985-11 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Impairment of leptin signaling in VAN reduces responsiveness to gastrointestinal signals, which reduces intestinal absorption of carbohydrates and de novo lipogenesis resulting in reduced long-term energy storage. Carbohydrates 142-155 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 33128919-1 2021 The adipokine, leptin exerts inhibitory effect on both spontaneous and oxytocin-induced contractions in myometrium. Oxytocin 71-79 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 33226729-5 2021 Furthermore, leptin induced both free fatty acid (FFA) release and intracellular lipid accumulation, indicating a multi-faceted effect of leptin in fatty acid metabolism. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 33-48 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 33226729-5 2021 Furthermore, leptin induced both free fatty acid (FFA) release and intracellular lipid accumulation, indicating a multi-faceted effect of leptin in fatty acid metabolism. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 50-53 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 33226729-5 2021 Furthermore, leptin induced both free fatty acid (FFA) release and intracellular lipid accumulation, indicating a multi-faceted effect of leptin in fatty acid metabolism. Fatty Acids 38-48 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 33226729-8 2021 In addition, SREBP-1 induction driven by autophagy and fatty acid synthase induction, which is mediated by SREBP-1, play crucial roles in leptin-stimulated metabolic reprogramming and are required for growth of breast cancer cell, suggesting a pivotal contribution of fatty acid metabolic reprogramming to tumor growth by leptin. Fatty Acids 55-65 leptin Mus musculus 138-144 33226729-8 2021 In addition, SREBP-1 induction driven by autophagy and fatty acid synthase induction, which is mediated by SREBP-1, play crucial roles in leptin-stimulated metabolic reprogramming and are required for growth of breast cancer cell, suggesting a pivotal contribution of fatty acid metabolic reprogramming to tumor growth by leptin. Fatty Acids 55-65 leptin Mus musculus 322-328 33493087-11 2021 Specifically, miR-326-3p, miR-500-3p and miR-129-5p which are adiponectin and/or leptin signaling related may play important roles in the preventive effects of CR in MT development and in ageing. Chromium 160-162 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 33493087-15 2021 The adiponectin and/or leptin signaling pathways related genes are regulated by certain miRNAs in the protective effects of CR. Chromium 124-126 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 33430288-5 2021 Tunicamycin-administered mice developed hyperinsulinemia, augmented lipolysis and increased circulating leptin and adiponectin. Tunicamycin 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 33226729-0 2021 Autophagy activation and SREBP-1 induction contribute to fatty acid metabolic reprogramming by leptin in breast cancer cells. Fatty Acids 57-67 leptin Mus musculus 95-101 33226729-4 2021 Herein, leptin induced significant increase in fatty-acid-oxidation (FAO)-dependent ATP production in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Fatty Acids 47-57 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 33226729-4 2021 Herein, leptin induced significant increase in fatty-acid-oxidation (FAO)-dependent ATP production in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Adenosine Triphosphate 84-87 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 33021965-7 2021 Thus, REV-ERBs play a crucial role in hypothalamic control of food intake and diurnal leptin sensitivity in diet-induced obesity. rev-erbs 6-14 leptin Mus musculus 86-92 33128919-7 2021 Leptin-induced uterine response was inhibited by leptin receptor antagonist SHLA and JAK-STAT pathway inhibitor, AG-490. alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide 113-119 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33128919-9 2021 Further, leptin enhanced the levels of NO and cGMP in uterine tissues. Cyclic GMP 46-50 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 33128919-10 2021 Also, SHLA, AG-490 and a combination of 1400 W and L-NAME prevented leptin-induced increase in NO. alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide 12-18 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 33128919-10 2021 Also, SHLA, AG-490 and a combination of 1400 W and L-NAME prevented leptin-induced increase in NO. N-((3-(aminomethyl)phenyl)methyl)ethanimidamide 40-46 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 33128919-10 2021 Also, SHLA, AG-490 and a combination of 1400 W and L-NAME prevented leptin-induced increase in NO. NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester 51-57 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 33128919-11 2021 Similar effect was observed on cGMP levels in presence of leptin and SHLA. Cyclic GMP 31-35 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 32943760-6 2021 Six-week administration of HSG4112 to HFD-induced obese mice led to dose-dependent normalization of obesity-related parameters, including body weight, muscle and adipose tissue weight, adipocyte size, and serum leptin/insulin/glucose levels. hsg4112 27-34 leptin Mus musculus 211-217 33338554-0 2021 Chronic Exposure to Methylmercury Enhances the Anorexigenic Effects of Leptin in C57BL/6J Male Mice. methylmercury II 20-33 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 33301880-8 2021 Additionally, leptin led to attenuation of Abeta-induced neurodegeneration and superoxide anion production as revealed by Fluoro-Jade B and dihydroethidium staining. UNII-042A8N37WH 43-48 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 33301880-8 2021 Additionally, leptin led to attenuation of Abeta-induced neurodegeneration and superoxide anion production as revealed by Fluoro-Jade B and dihydroethidium staining. Superoxides 79-95 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 33301880-8 2021 Additionally, leptin led to attenuation of Abeta-induced neurodegeneration and superoxide anion production as revealed by Fluoro-Jade B and dihydroethidium staining. fluoro jade 122-135 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 33301880-8 2021 Additionally, leptin led to attenuation of Abeta-induced neurodegeneration and superoxide anion production as revealed by Fluoro-Jade B and dihydroethidium staining. dihydroethidium 140-155 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 33374256-4 2020 In this paper, we introduce an electrochemical biosensor that adopts o-Phenylenediamine (oPD) on screen-printed gold electrodes (SPGEs) for detecting the leptin from a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (DIO). 1,2-diaminobenzene 69-87 leptin Mus musculus 154-160 33185001-5 2021 RESULTS: The results indicated that old mice treated with ASCs showed antiaging and antiobesity effects such as significant loss of body and organ weight, improved stem cell plasticity, increased antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase and catalase), improved liver and kidney function, improved lipid metabolism, and increased hormone secretion (sex hormone-binding globulin, thyrotropin, and leptin). ascs 58-62 leptin Mus musculus 397-403 33189721-10 2020 Pretreatment with exogenous leptin largely reduced the mRNA levels of TNFalpha and IL-1beta after hypoxia, while enhancing expression of all other genes and reducing ROS levels. ros 166-169 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 33380900-3 2020 But whether leptin participates in the pathogenesis of CCH-induced WMLs remains unknown. 1-acetyl-2-(coumariniminecarboxamide-3-yl)hydrazine 55-58 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 33322729-4 2020 The downstream signaling pathway of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) were activated in Lep KO mice, while the expression of adipogenesis-regulating genes were alternatively reduced in the transverse colon of the same mice; (4) Conclusions: These results provide the first strong evidence that Lep KO mice can represent constipation successfully through dysregulation of the GI motility mediated by myenteric neurons, ICC, and smooth muscle cells in the transverse colon during an abnormal function of the lipid metabolism. Acetylcholine 47-60 leptin Mus musculus 98-101 33319361-9 2021 Leptin-induced PIP3 production was suppressed by LY294002. PIP3 15-19 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33319361-9 2021 Leptin-induced PIP3 production was suppressed by LY294002. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 49-57 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33319361-2 2021 The sweet suppressive effect of leptin is mediated by the leptin receptor Ob-Rb, and the ATP-gated K+ (KATP ) channel expressed in some sweet-sensitive, T1R3-positive taste cells. Adenosine Triphosphate 89-92 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 33319361-5 2021 In in situ taste cell recording, systemically administrated leptin suppressed taste cell responses to sucrose in T1R3-positive taste cells. Sucrose 102-109 leptin Mus musculus 60-66 33319361-6 2021 Such leptin"s suppression of sucrose responses was impaired by co-administration of PI3K inhibitors (wortmannin or LY294002). Sucrose 29-36 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 33319361-6 2021 Such leptin"s suppression of sucrose responses was impaired by co-administration of PI3K inhibitors (wortmannin or LY294002). Wortmannin 101-111 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 33319361-6 2021 Such leptin"s suppression of sucrose responses was impaired by co-administration of PI3K inhibitors (wortmannin or LY294002). 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 115-123 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 33415147-10 2020 In the first experiment, treatment with BBR in the HF diet mice reduced food intake, body weight, fat contents, serum leptin, and glucose level. Berberine 40-43 leptin Mus musculus 118-124 33045434-12 2020 Compared to HSD2OB/OCY mice, leptin-resistant wild-type mice displayed attenuated sympathetic outflow, with reduced tyrosine hydroxylase expression in both the hypothalamus and thermogenic adipose tissues. Tyrosine 116-124 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 33037073-8 2020 We found that leptin increases phosphorylation of Y418 in Src, an indicator of kinase activation. y418 50-54 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 33037073-10 2020 Using mutant GluN2A overexpression, we show that Y1292 and Y1387 but not Y1325 are responsible for the effect of leptin. Lanthanum boride 59-64 leptin Mus musculus 113-119 33271806-4 2020 Carbonylation of histones by 4-HNE increased with age in male flies and visceral fat depots of mice and was potentiated in genetic (ob/ob) and high-fat feeding models of obesity. 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal 29-34 leptin Mus musculus 132-134 33271806-4 2020 Carbonylation of histones by 4-HNE increased with age in male flies and visceral fat depots of mice and was potentiated in genetic (ob/ob) and high-fat feeding models of obesity. 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal 29-34 leptin Mus musculus 135-137 33746736-13 2020 WCAF treatment decreased the mRNA expression of Leptin and VEGF-A, while the protein levels of CD31, LEP-R, VEGFR-1, STAT3, and p-STAT3 were decreased in tumor tissues. wcaf 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 32393087-6 2020 The hepatic AMP and ATP contents were detected using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, and the protein expression was examined by immunoblotting.Results: Berberine significantly reversed the insulin resistance induced by fructose, including lowering fasting insulin levels (from 113.9 to 67.4) and area under the curve (AUC) during OGTT (from 1310 to 1073), decreasing serum leptin (from 0.28 to 0.13) and increasing serum adiponectin levels (from 1.50 to 2.80). Berberine 176-185 leptin Mus musculus 397-403 33262292-5 2020 In ob/ob mice, the majority of rapid regulation by glucose-responsive metabolites was absent. Glucose 51-58 leptin Mus musculus 3-5 33262292-5 2020 In ob/ob mice, the majority of rapid regulation by glucose-responsive metabolites was absent. Glucose 51-58 leptin Mus musculus 6-8 33148888-3 2020 Homozygous leptin-resistant obese db/db mice are characterized by small testes, low testicular testosterone, and a reduced number of Leydig cells. Testosterone 95-107 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 33218042-5 2020 In addition, the scopolin-treated OVX mice showed decreased serum levels of leptin and insulin. scopolin 17-25 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 33176139-4 2020 We show that leptin activates the sodium leak channel (NALCN), thereby depolarizing a subset of glutamatergic (VGluT2) LepRb NTS neurons expressing galanin. Sodium 34-40 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 32738275-0 2020 MA-[D-Leu-4]-OB3, a small molecule synthetic peptide leptin mimetic, improves episodic memory, and reduces serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and neurodegeneration in mouse models of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. ma-[d-leu-4]-ob3 0-16 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 32893672-14 2020 The GW9508 treatment increased leptin levels, without altering UCP-1 downregulation in visceral fat. GW9508 4-10 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 32822805-8 2020 Furthermore, stearic acid corresponded to a higher level of leptin in serum than oleic acid. stearic acid 13-25 leptin Mus musculus 60-66 33003981-7 2020 Remarkably, leptin infusion markedly improved endothelial function and significantly reduced vascular NADPH oxidase 1, interleukin-1beta, GATA3, F4/80, and CCR5 levels in ritonavir-treated animals. Ritonavir 171-180 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 32732529-6 2020 Moreover, serum T and leptin levels were more severe in the combined DIO and DEHP exposure group than in the single exposure groups. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 69-72 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 32732529-6 2020 Moreover, serum T and leptin levels were more severe in the combined DIO and DEHP exposure group than in the single exposure groups. Diethylhexyl Phthalate 77-81 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 32732529-8 2020 CONCLUSION: Obesity- and DEHP-only exposure had adverse effects on testosterone levels in mice, which may be due to high leptin levels and decreased Ob-R, kisspeptin, and GPR54 expression. Diethylhexyl Phthalate 25-29 leptin Mus musculus 121-127 32732529-8 2020 CONCLUSION: Obesity- and DEHP-only exposure had adverse effects on testosterone levels in mice, which may be due to high leptin levels and decreased Ob-R, kisspeptin, and GPR54 expression. Testosterone 67-79 leptin Mus musculus 121-127 32991778-0 2020 Methionine- and Choline-Deficient Diet Enhances Adipose Lipolysis and Leptin Release in aP2-Cre Fatp4-Knockout Mice. Methionine 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 70-76 32991778-0 2020 Methionine- and Choline-Deficient Diet Enhances Adipose Lipolysis and Leptin Release in aP2-Cre Fatp4-Knockout Mice. Choline 16-23 leptin Mus musculus 70-76 32991778-5 2020 Fatp4A-/- mice fed with MCDD for 4 weeks showed an increase in serum glycerol, TG, and leptin levels associated with the activation of hormone-sensitive lipase in subcutaneous fat. mcdd 24-28 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 33003981-4 2020 Methods and Results Long-term (4 weeks) but not short-term (3 days) treatment with ritonavir reduced body weight, fat mass, and leptin levels and induced endothelial dysfunction in mice. Ritonavir 83-92 leptin Mus musculus 128-134 32881000-5 2020 The levels of leptin and TNF-alpha were moderately reduced in fish oil treated high-fat diet-induced obese mice than control obese mice. Fish Oils 62-70 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 32881000-10 2020 Administration of fish oil in the mice exhibited anti-obesity effect in terms of lowering body weight, Body Mass Index, and serum lipid profiles, leptin, and TNF-alpha in mice model. Fish Oils 18-26 leptin Mus musculus 146-152 33003981-9 2020 Conversely, selective increases in endothelial leptin signaling with protein tyrosine phosphatase deletion blunted ritonavir-induced endothelial dysfunction. Ritonavir 115-124 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 33003981-10 2020 Conclusions All together, these data indicate that ritonavir-associated endothelial dysfunction is a direct consequence of a reduction in adiposity and leptin secretion, which decreases endothelial leptin signaling and leads to a NADPH oxidase 1-induced, CCR5-mediated reduction in NO bioavailability. Ritonavir 51-60 leptin Mus musculus 152-158 33003981-10 2020 Conclusions All together, these data indicate that ritonavir-associated endothelial dysfunction is a direct consequence of a reduction in adiposity and leptin secretion, which decreases endothelial leptin signaling and leads to a NADPH oxidase 1-induced, CCR5-mediated reduction in NO bioavailability. Ritonavir 51-60 leptin Mus musculus 198-204 33080865-0 2020 Hypothermic Effect of Acute Citral Treatment during LPS-induced Systemic Inflammation in Obese Mice: Reduction of Serum TNF-alpha and Leptin Levels. citral 28-34 leptin Mus musculus 134-140 33080865-7 2020 Citral reduced peripheral levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in SD and HFD mice and decreased serum leptin concentration in HFD mice 90 min after the LPS challenge. citral 0-6 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 33117286-0 2020 Leptin Elicits In Vivo Eosinophil Migration and Activation: Key Role of Mast Cell-Derived PGD2. Prostaglandin D2 90-94 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33060739-10 2020 The mRNA expression of MMP-3, MMP-13, and leptin increased in the IL-1beta treated chondrocytes treated with IL-1beta, and decreased with simvastatin treatment. Simvastatin 138-149 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 33062046-0 2020 Trilobatin ameliorates insulin resistance through IRS-AKT-GLUT4 signaling pathway in C2C12 myotubes and ob/ob mice. trilobatin 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 104-106 33062046-3 2020 Herein, we determined the effects of trilobatin on insulin resistance in palmitate-treated C2C12 myotubes and ob/ob mice. Palmitates 73-82 leptin Mus musculus 41-43 33062046-6 2020 Furthermore, administration with trilobatin for 4 weeks significantly improved insulin resistance by decreasing fasting blood glucose and insulin in serum, enhancing the phosphorylation of IRS1 and AKT, and recovering the expression and translocation of GLUT4 in ob/ob mice. trilobatin 33-43 leptin Mus musculus 263-265 32294231-5 2020 Additionally, leptin levels also correlate with severity of psoriasis, and knocking out leptin suppresses imiquimod-induced psoriatic inflammation in mice. Imiquimod 106-115 leptin Mus musculus 88-94 32431112-9 2020 Hypothalamic transcriptome analysis showed a significant enrichment of the leptin signaling pathway, and we found that celastrol significantly enhanced energy expenditure, which was mediated by the leptin signaling pathway. celastrol 119-128 leptin Mus musculus 198-204 33007882-4 2020 We found that diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice have significantly greater crown-like structures and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells than ob/ob or control mice. deoxyuridine triphosphate 137-162 leptin Mus musculus 27-29 33007882-4 2020 We found that diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice have significantly greater crown-like structures and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells than ob/ob or control mice. deoxyuridine triphosphate 164-168 leptin Mus musculus 27-29 33014333-12 2020 Furthermore, phloretin regulated serum leptin, adiponectin, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and free fatty acid levels in obese mice. Phloretin 13-22 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 33117286-4 2020 Such leptin-triggered eosinophilic inflammatory response was shown to be dependent on activation of the mTOR signaling pathway, since it was (i) inhibited by rapamycin pre-treatment and (ii) reduced in PI3K-deficient mice. Sirolimus 158-167 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 33117286-6 2020 Thus, mice were pre-treated with a mast cell degranulating agent compound 48/80 which was capable to impair leptin-induced PGD2 release, as well as eosinophil recruitment and activation. Prostaglandin D2 123-127 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 33117286-7 2020 In agreement with an indirect mast cell-driven phenomenon, eosinophil accumulation induced by leptin was abolished in TNFR-1 deficient and also in HQL-79-pretreated mice, but not in mice pretreated with neutralizing antibodies against CCL5, indicating that both typical mast cell-driven signals TNFalpha and PGD2, but not CCL5, contribute to leptin-induced eosinophil influx. Prostaglandin D2 308-312 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 33117286-8 2020 Distinctly, leptin-induced eosinophil lipid body (lipid droplet) assembly and LTC4 synthesis appears to depend on both PGD2 and CCL5, since both HQL-79 and anti-CCL5 treatments were able to inhibit these eosinophil activation markers. Prostaglandin D2 119-123 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 33117286-9 2020 Altogether, our data show that leptin triggers eosinophilic inflammation in vivo via an indirect mechanism dependent on activation of resident mast cell secretory activity and mediation by TNFalpha, CCL5, and specially PGD2. Prostaglandin D2 219-223 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 32380247-7 2020 Yam extract and allantoin significantly decreased high glucose and leptin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase levels and increased insulin and albumin levels in the plasma of mice. Allantoin 16-25 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 33071988-1 2020 Leptin is a potent endocrine hormone produced by adipose tissue and regulates a broad range of whole-body metabolism such as glucose and lipid metabolism, even without insulin. Glucose 125-132 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33071988-5 2020 Ablation of LEPRs in RIP-Cre25Mgn neurons completely blocks glucose-lowering effects of leptin in insulin-deficient mice. Glucose 60-67 leptin Mus musculus 88-94 33071988-7 2020 Leptin administration into the brain combined with acipimox, which lowers blood lipids by suppressing triglyceride lipase activity, can restore normal glycemia in insulin-deficient RIP-CreDeltaLEPR mice, suggesting that excess circulating lipids are a driving-force of hyperglycemia in these mice. Triglycerides 102-114 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 33071988-8 2020 Collectively, our data demonstrate that LEPRs in RIP-Cre25Mgn neurons significantly contribute to glucose-lowering effects of leptin in an insulin-independent manner by improving dyslipidemia. Glucose 98-105 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 32580132-6 2020 Both groups HFru-IF and C-IF, showed alterations in the leptin signaling pathway (Leptin, OBRb, and SOCS3), mainly in the HFru-IF group, suggesting leptin resistance. hfru-if 12-19 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 32569780-7 2020 Our main findings demonstrate that DIO mice exhibit overweight, hypercapnia, high levels of serum and cerebrospinal leptin. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 35-38 leptin Mus musculus 116-122 32561946-11 2020 In accordance with peripheral leptin status, ON-DP mice displayed lower anorexigenic leptin signalling in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus when compared with ON-DR mice without apparent leptin resistance. Dipyridamole 48-50 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 32561946-11 2020 In accordance with peripheral leptin status, ON-DP mice displayed lower anorexigenic leptin signalling in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus when compared with ON-DR mice without apparent leptin resistance. Dipyridamole 48-50 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 32561946-11 2020 In accordance with peripheral leptin status, ON-DP mice displayed lower anorexigenic leptin signalling in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus when compared with ON-DR mice without apparent leptin resistance. Dipyridamole 48-50 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 32561946-12 2020 Explant culture studies revealed that ON-DP mice had lower leptin production capacity in adipose tissue. Dipyridamole 41-43 leptin Mus musculus 59-65 32561946-13 2020 ON-DP mice also displayed higher DNA methylation levels in the leptin gene promoter region of adipocytes when compared with ON-DR mice. Dipyridamole 3-5 leptin Mus musculus 63-69 32561946-14 2020 CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The results suggest that heritable lower leptin production capacity plays a critical role in overfeeding-induced obesity and subsequent deterioration of glucose tolerance in ON-DP mice. Dipyridamole 205-207 leptin Mus musculus 69-75 32622949-0 2020 DHA reduces hypothalamic inflammation and improves central leptin signaling in mice. Docosahexaenoic Acids 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 59-65 32622949-1 2020 AIMS: Anti-obesity effects and improved leptin sensitivity from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been reported in diet-induced obese animals. Fatty Acids, Omega-3 64-95 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 32622949-1 2020 AIMS: Anti-obesity effects and improved leptin sensitivity from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been reported in diet-induced obese animals. Fatty Acids, Omega-3 97-106 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 32622949-7 2020 DHA decreased leptin signaling inhibitor SOCS3 and improved the leptin JAK2-Akt signaling pathways in the hypothalamus. Docosahexaenoic Acids 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 32622949-7 2020 DHA decreased leptin signaling inhibitor SOCS3 and improved the leptin JAK2-Akt signaling pathways in the hypothalamus. Docosahexaenoic Acids 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 32622949-8 2020 Furthermore, icv administration of DHA improved the effects of leptin in the regulation of mRNA expression of enzymes related to lipogenesis, fatty acid beta-oxidation, and cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Docosahexaenoic Acids 35-38 leptin Mus musculus 63-69 32622949-8 2020 Furthermore, icv administration of DHA improved the effects of leptin in the regulation of mRNA expression of enzymes related to lipogenesis, fatty acid beta-oxidation, and cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Fatty Acids 142-152 leptin Mus musculus 63-69 32622949-8 2020 Furthermore, icv administration of DHA improved the effects of leptin in the regulation of mRNA expression of enzymes related to lipogenesis, fatty acid beta-oxidation, and cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Cholesterol 173-184 leptin Mus musculus 63-69 32622949-9 2020 DHA increased leptin-induced activation of TH in the hypothalamus. Docosahexaenoic Acids 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 33042284-0 2020 Panax notoginseng saponins modulate the gut microbiota to promote thermogenesis and beige adipocyte reconstruction via leptin-mediated AMPKalpha/STAT3 signaling in diet-induced obesity. Saponins 18-26 leptin Mus musculus 119-125 33042284-9 2020 Leptin has an essential influence on the anti-obesity effects of PNS. 4'-phosphopantetheine 65-68 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 32817248-8 2020 These effects of leptin were blocked by bath applying a competitive NMDAR antagonist (DCPP-ene) or by an NMDAR channel blocker applied through the recording pipette (MK-801). Dizocilpine Maleate 166-172 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 32887376-7 2020 ALA reduced circulating leptin, without affecting body weight, glycemic dysfunction, or cholesterol. Alanine 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 24-30 32840013-2 2020 The indirect mechanism involves leptin action in pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)- and agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neurones. -opiomelanocortin 52-69 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 32580132-6 2020 Both groups HFru-IF and C-IF, showed alterations in the leptin signaling pathway (Leptin, OBRb, and SOCS3), mainly in the HFru-IF group, suggesting leptin resistance. hfru-if 12-19 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 32580132-6 2020 Both groups HFru-IF and C-IF, showed alterations in the leptin signaling pathway (Leptin, OBRb, and SOCS3), mainly in the HFru-IF group, suggesting leptin resistance. hfru-if 12-19 leptin Mus musculus 148-154 32580132-6 2020 Both groups HFru-IF and C-IF, showed alterations in the leptin signaling pathway (Leptin, OBRb, and SOCS3), mainly in the HFru-IF group, suggesting leptin resistance. c-if 24-28 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 32580132-6 2020 Both groups HFru-IF and C-IF, showed alterations in the leptin signaling pathway (Leptin, OBRb, and SOCS3), mainly in the HFru-IF group, suggesting leptin resistance. c-if 24-28 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 32580132-6 2020 Both groups HFru-IF and C-IF, showed alterations in the leptin signaling pathway (Leptin, OBRb, and SOCS3), mainly in the HFru-IF group, suggesting leptin resistance. c-if 24-28 leptin Mus musculus 148-154 32580132-6 2020 Both groups HFru-IF and C-IF, showed alterations in the leptin signaling pathway (Leptin, OBRb, and SOCS3), mainly in the HFru-IF group, suggesting leptin resistance. hfru-if 122-129 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 32580132-6 2020 Both groups HFru-IF and C-IF, showed alterations in the leptin signaling pathway (Leptin, OBRb, and SOCS3), mainly in the HFru-IF group, suggesting leptin resistance. hfru-if 122-129 leptin Mus musculus 148-154 32884237-0 2020 Beneficial Effect of Genistein on Diabetes-Induced Brain Damage in the ob/ob Mouse Model. Genistein 21-30 leptin Mus musculus 74-76 32884237-9 2020 Results: Treatment with genistein reduced weight gain of ob/ob mice and decreased hyperglycemia compared to ob/ob mice fed the standard diet. Genistein 24-33 leptin Mus musculus 57-59 32884237-9 2020 Results: Treatment with genistein reduced weight gain of ob/ob mice and decreased hyperglycemia compared to ob/ob mice fed the standard diet. Genistein 24-33 leptin Mus musculus 60-62 32884237-9 2020 Results: Treatment with genistein reduced weight gain of ob/ob mice and decreased hyperglycemia compared to ob/ob mice fed the standard diet. Genistein 24-33 leptin Mus musculus 60-62 32884237-9 2020 Results: Treatment with genistein reduced weight gain of ob/ob mice and decreased hyperglycemia compared to ob/ob mice fed the standard diet. Genistein 24-33 leptin Mus musculus 60-62 32733634-7 2020 The genes related to fatty acid oxidation such as PGC-1alpha, NRF-1, TFAM, CPT-1b, AOX1, COX2, and UCP2 were attenuated by SOCS2, but elevated by leptin. Fatty Acids 21-31 leptin Mus musculus 146-152 32444367-5 2020 NAC treatment normalized HFD-induced maternal weight gain and oxidative stress, improved the maternal lipidome and prevented maternal leptin resistance. Acetylcysteine 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 134-140 32719538-5 2020 These results demonstrate that the modulation of Arc GABA+ neuron activity is a fundamental mechanism of body-weight regulation, and that arcuate GABA+ neurons are the major mediator of leptin action, with a profound and redundant role in obesity development. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 146-150 leptin Mus musculus 186-192 32731387-7 2020 Gangliosides thus have the ability to modulate the effects of leptin by regulating functions of such receptors, and by direct interaction with LepR to control signaling. Gangliosides 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 32792584-5 2020 The chronic oral administration of Ga shows the selective leptin sensitization in the liver via upregulation of hepatic Leprb expression, which affects expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and fatty acid beta-oxidation and diminishes hepatocyte hypertrophy with droplets enriched in TG in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Guanabenz 35-37 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 32556108-7 2020 Further, DP had pronounced effects on the adipose tissue, where it induced the development of hypertrophied white adipose tissue (WAT), and increased serum levels of resistin, leptin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. dechlorane plus 9-11 leptin Mus musculus 176-182 32519243-6 2020 We show that the intracerebral administration of endozepines enhances satiety by targeting anorexigenic brain circuitry and induces STAT3 phosphorylation, a hallmark of leptin signaling. Diazepam Binding Inhibitor 49-60 leptin Mus musculus 169-175 32519243-8 2020 Endozepines reversed high fat diet-induced obesity by reducing food intake and restored leptin-induced STAT3 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus. Diazepam Binding Inhibitor 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 88-94 32519243-10 2020 Finally, endozepines, which induce ERK activation necessary for leptin transport into the brain in cultured tanycytes, require tanycytic leptin receptor expression to promote STAT3 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus. Diazepam Binding Inhibitor 9-20 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 32519243-11 2020 Our data identify endozepines as potential anti-obesity compounds in part through the modulation of the LepR-ERK-dependent tanycytic leptin shuttle. Diazepam Binding Inhibitor 18-29 leptin Mus musculus 133-139 32248977-9 2020 Consistent with a previous in vitro study, leptin was found to promote expression of stathmin, a positive regulator of trophoblast invasion, and of serotonin receptors, potential mediators of offspring neurological development. Serotonin 148-157 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 32289482-16 2020 Chronically HFD-fed OBHZ and LepHZ mice remain more sensitive to exogenous leptin injection, as reflected by their reduced food intake upon an acute leptin treatment. obhz 20-24 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 32289482-16 2020 Chronically HFD-fed OBHZ and LepHZ mice remain more sensitive to exogenous leptin injection, as reflected by their reduced food intake upon an acute leptin treatment. obhz 20-24 leptin Mus musculus 149-155 32289482-16 2020 Chronically HFD-fed OBHZ and LepHZ mice remain more sensitive to exogenous leptin injection, as reflected by their reduced food intake upon an acute leptin treatment. lephz 29-34 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 32289482-16 2020 Chronically HFD-fed OBHZ and LepHZ mice remain more sensitive to exogenous leptin injection, as reflected by their reduced food intake upon an acute leptin treatment. lephz 29-34 leptin Mus musculus 149-155 32670063-11 2020 TM5441 treatment alleviated HFD-induced systemic and hypothalamic leptin resistance, before suppression of weight gain was evident. TM5441 0-6 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 32670063-12 2020 Moreover, improved leptin sensitivity in response to TM5441 treatment was accompanied by increased expressions of thermogenesis-related genes such as uncoupling protein 1 in BAT (HFD-WT-Control mice 1.00 +- 0.07 vs HFD-WT-TM5441 mice 1.32 +- 0.05, P = 0.002). TM5441 53-59 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 32684737-18 2020 In non-diabetic C57BL/6J and Kimba mice, serum leptin levels were significantly reduced after dapagliflozin therapy. dapagliflozin 94-107 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 32516785-4 2021 RESULTS: We report that portal glucose infusion decreases food intake and plasma glucose and induces in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) the phosphorylation of STAT3, the classic intracellular messenger of leptin signaling. Glucose 31-38 leptin Mus musculus 212-218 31845444-5 2020 When the EtOAc-soluble fraction was administered for 7 days to ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes mellitus model, the mice fed with this fraction exhibited a significant decrease in body weight and blood glucose concentrations compared with the mice fed without the fraction. ethyl acetate 9-14 leptin Mus musculus 63-65 31845444-5 2020 When the EtOAc-soluble fraction was administered for 7 days to ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes mellitus model, the mice fed with this fraction exhibited a significant decrease in body weight and blood glucose concentrations compared with the mice fed without the fraction. ethyl acetate 9-14 leptin Mus musculus 66-68 32397362-7 2020 Additionally, EAO- and isoquercitrin-administered groups attenuated abnormal adipokines release via a decrease in leptin and an increase in adiponectin levels compared with the control group. eao- and isoquercitrin 14-36 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 32410268-9 2020 Both omaveloxolone and TX63682 decreased leptin and increased adiponectin in serum, which is consistent with the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects observed in the liver. omaveloxolone 5-18 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 32410268-9 2020 Both omaveloxolone and TX63682 decreased leptin and increased adiponectin in serum, which is consistent with the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects observed in the liver. tx63682 23-30 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 32466183-7 2020 In the obese mouse model, GL extract prevented HFD-induced weight gain, fatty hepatocyte deposition, and adipocyte size by decreasing the secretion of leptin and insulin. gl extract 26-36 leptin Mus musculus 151-157 32439965-5 2020 Here, we sought to investigate the renoprotective effects of honokiol in BTBR ob/ob mice with type 2 diabetes. honokiol 61-69 leptin Mus musculus 78-80 32439965-5 2020 Here, we sought to investigate the renoprotective effects of honokiol in BTBR ob/ob mice with type 2 diabetes. honokiol 61-69 leptin Mus musculus 81-83 32431604-6 2020 We observed that E2 treatment was generally associated with significantly improved metabolic outcomes, including reductions in body weight, adiposity, and leptin, across both age groups. Estradiol 17-19 leptin Mus musculus 155-161 32296847-8 2020 Thus, these findings indicate that iron-binding protein LCN2-mediated oxidative stress promotes neurodegeneration in ob/ob mice. Iron 35-39 leptin Mus musculus 117-119 31820560-5 2020 We found that BPB, BPE, BPF, BPS, and 4-CP all affected lipid accumulation and leptin levels to the same extent and potencies as BPA. 4-cumylphenol 38-42 leptin Mus musculus 79-85 32296847-7 2020 In particular, iron overload-related mitochondrial ferritin and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins were increased in the hippocampus of ob/ob. Iron 15-19 leptin Mus musculus 185-187 32296847-7 2020 In particular, iron overload-related mitochondrial ferritin and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins were increased in the hippocampus of ob/ob. Iron 15-19 leptin Mus musculus 188-190 31891805-6 2020 Data shown in this report indicates that in leptin knockdown obese mice, AOM/DSS induced polyps are smaller and lesser in numbers as compared to AOM/DSS induced polyps in diet induced obese mice. Azoxymethane 73-76 leptin Mus musculus 44-50 32296847-8 2020 Thus, these findings indicate that iron-binding protein LCN2-mediated oxidative stress promotes neurodegeneration in ob/ob mice. Iron 35-39 leptin Mus musculus 120-122 32296105-0 2020 Intestinal microbial metabolite stercobilin involvement in the chronic inflammation of ob/ob mice. stercobilin 32-43 leptin Mus musculus 15-17 32346034-7 2020 Using RNA-seq analysis, we identified that an iron uptake-associated gene, transferrin receptor, was upregulated in obese ob/ob mice with LVH. Iron 46-50 leptin Mus musculus 116-118 32249489-0 2020 Effect of metformin on testicular expression and localization of leptin receptor and levels of leptin in the diabetic mice. Metformin 10-19 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 32249489-2 2020 Leptin is one of the endogenous regulators of the male reproductive functions, but the role of leptin and its receptor (LEPR/Ob-R) in the control of testosterone production and testicular proliferation has not been investigated so far, especially in the Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). Testosterone 149-161 leptin Mus musculus 95-101 32249489-4 2020 The aim of this work was to study the possible role of leptin and Ob-R in the regulation of steroidogenesis and proliferation in the testes of mice with streptozotocin-induced DM1 (75 mg/kg/day, 4 days) and to estimate the restoring effect of metformin treatment (500 mg/kg, 2 weeks) on the diabetic testes. Streptozocin 153-167 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 32249489-5 2020 In the diabetic testes, the plasma and intratesticular leptin levels and plasma testosterone levels were reduced and completely restored by metformin treatment. Metformin 140-149 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 32249489-10 2020 Thus, DM1 impairs the testicular steroidogenesis and proliferation by inhibiting the leptin signaling, causing a decrease in leptin levels and Ob-R expression in the testes of diabetic mice, while metformin improves the leptin signaling and restores testosterone production and testicular proliferation. Testosterone 250-262 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 32293174-5 2020 HOMA-IR and serum leptin and adiponectin were improved by threonine supplementation. Threonine 58-67 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 32174013-2 2020 Hypothalamic GABA system plays a significant role in leptin regulation on feeding and metabolism control. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 13-17 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 32351670-7 2020 Strikingly, ATZ prevented the increase in blood pressure and the HFD-induced obesity as observed by lower body weight, WAT index, triglycerides, NEFA, and leptin in plasma. Amitrole 12-15 leptin Mus musculus 155-161 32081663-11 2020 Berberine treatment reduced serum ghrelin and leptin levels as well decrease in hypothalamic mRNA expression of orexigenic neuropeptides, inflammatory markers and ghrelin receptor in olanzapine-treated mice. Berberine 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 32174013-7 2020 The inhibitory effect on food intake induced by leptin in fasted mice can be reversed by pretreatment with baclofen. Baclofen 107-115 leptin Mus musculus 48-54 32174013-8 2020 Baclofen reversed leptin"s inhibition on c-Fos expression of PAMM in fasted mice. Baclofen 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 32174013-9 2020 Therefore, these results indicate that leptin might inhibit fasting-triggered activation of PVN neurons via presynaptic GABA synaptic functions which might be partially blocked by pharmacological activating GABA-B. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 120-124 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 32174013-9 2020 Therefore, these results indicate that leptin might inhibit fasting-triggered activation of PVN neurons via presynaptic GABA synaptic functions which might be partially blocked by pharmacological activating GABA-B. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 207-211 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 32047110-6 2020 Similarly, acute and chronic leptin treatment of chow diet-fed wildtype mice decreased MTP expression in the intestine, increased it in the liver, and lowered plasma triglyceride levels. Triglycerides 166-178 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 32047110-9 2020 In contrast, in the liver, leptin interacted with short-form LEPR (ObRa) to increase MTP expression. Leptin 67-71 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 32257945-10 2020 Both leptin and resistin concentrations were significantly increased in the HFD group treated with doxorubicin. Doxorubicin 99-110 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 32014571-0 2020 A novel FFA1 agonist, CPU025, improves glucose-lipid metabolism and alleviates fatty liver in obese-diabetic (ob/ob) mice. cpu025 22-28 leptin Mus musculus 94-96 31935431-1 2020 Neuroprotective effects of leptin have been shown in mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and primary cortical neuronal culture with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), while the underlying mechanisms are less understood. Oxygen 148-154 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 31935431-1 2020 Neuroprotective effects of leptin have been shown in mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and primary cortical neuronal culture with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), while the underlying mechanisms are less understood. Glucose 155-162 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 31742872-2 2020 In this study, we assessed, for the first time, the effects of intraperitoneal irisin injections on circulating levels of leptin and ghrelin, mRNA expression of the major hypothalamic appetite regulators and brain neurotrophic factors, as well as feeding behaviour in healthy mice. irisin 79-85 leptin Mus musculus 122-128 31874199-0 2020 Triiodothyronine activated extranuclear pathways upregulate adiponectin and leptin in murine adipocytes. Triiodothyronine 0-16 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 31874199-1 2020 Adiponectin and leptin, important for metabolic regulation, are synthesized and secreted by adipose tissue and are influenced by triiodothyronine (T3) that activates the MAPK/ERK and integrin alphaVbeta3 pathways, modulating gene expression. Triiodothyronine 129-145 leptin Mus musculus 16-22 32014571-0 2020 A novel FFA1 agonist, CPU025, improves glucose-lipid metabolism and alleviates fatty liver in obese-diabetic (ob/ob) mice. cpu025 22-28 leptin Mus musculus 110-112 32014571-5 2020 Moreover, CPU025 improved beta-cell function and alleviated fatty liver in ob/ob mice. cpu025 10-16 leptin Mus musculus 75-77 32014571-5 2020 Moreover, CPU025 improved beta-cell function and alleviated fatty liver in ob/ob mice. cpu025 10-16 leptin Mus musculus 78-80 32029227-1 2020 BACKGROUND: Leptin acts via its receptor, LepRb, on specialized neurons in the brain to modulate energy balance and glucose homeostasis. Glucose 116-123 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 31805276-3 2020 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of leptin on testosterone-induced BPH in mice and to explore possible underlying mechanisms. Testosterone 63-75 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 31840160-0 2020 Leptin controls glutamatergic synaptogenesis and NMDA-receptor trafficking via Fyn kinase regulation of NR2B. N-Methylaspartate 49-53 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 31840160-4 2020 Leptin increases glutamatergic synaptogenesis, in part, through enhancement of NMDA receptor function; yet the underlying signaling pathway is not known. N-Methylaspartate 79-83 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 31840160-5 2020 In this study, we examine how leptin regulates surface expression of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in hippocampal neurons. N-Methylaspartate 85-89 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 31934694-2 2020 This study determined the protective effect of Lachnum polysaccharide (LEP) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice and explored the underlying mechanism. sodium sulfate 87-101 leptin Mus musculus 71-74 31673703-4 2020 Liver leptin signaling is known to increase FAOx and decrease liver triglycerides, similar to glucagon action. Triglycerides 68-81 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 31743040-0 2020 UCP1-independent glucose-lowering effect of leptin in type 1 diabetes: only in conditions of hypoleptinemia. Glucose 17-24 leptin Mus musculus 44-50 31743040-4 2020 We examined the glucose-lowering potential of leptin in diabetic models of two types: streptozotocin-treated mice and mice treated with the insulin receptor antagonist S961. Glucose 16-23 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 31743040-6 2020 Leptin fully normalized hyperglycemia in standard chow-fed streptozotocin-treated diabetic mice. Streptozocin 59-73 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 31743040-8 2020 The glucose-lowering effect of leptin was not dependent on the presence of the uncoupling protein-1 and was not associated with alterations in plasma insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1, food intake or corticosterone but fully correlated with decreased plasma glucagon levels and gluconeogenesis. Glucose 4-11 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 31602590-4 2020 To investigate the effect of estradiol-leptin crosstalk on gene expression and associated altered pathways, we established an ovariectomized mouse model, treated with 17-beta estradiol (0.1 microg/mouse subcutaenously., for every 12 h) and/or recombinant mouse leptin (1 mug/g Bwt intraperitoneally., for every 12 h) for 4 h, 20 h, and 40 h. Gene expressions by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, uterine tissue protein phosphorylation status by western blotting and promoter methylation were analyzed in estradiol, progesterone insufficient animals. Estradiol 29-38 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 31602590-4 2020 To investigate the effect of estradiol-leptin crosstalk on gene expression and associated altered pathways, we established an ovariectomized mouse model, treated with 17-beta estradiol (0.1 microg/mouse subcutaenously., for every 12 h) and/or recombinant mouse leptin (1 mug/g Bwt intraperitoneally., for every 12 h) for 4 h, 20 h, and 40 h. Gene expressions by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, uterine tissue protein phosphorylation status by western blotting and promoter methylation were analyzed in estradiol, progesterone insufficient animals. Estradiol 167-184 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 31602590-8 2020 Western blot confirmed the increased expression of PSTAT-3 (Ser-727) and PERK1/2 proteins after estradiol + leptin treatment, confirming the estradiol + leptin cross-talk hypothesis. seryl-seryl-seryl-arginine 60-63 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 31241809-15 2019 In addition, the modulatory effect of leptin on GVA signaling is lost after chronic stress exposure. alpha-keto-delta-guanidinovaleric acid 48-51 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 31602590-8 2020 Western blot confirmed the increased expression of PSTAT-3 (Ser-727) and PERK1/2 proteins after estradiol + leptin treatment, confirming the estradiol + leptin cross-talk hypothesis. Estradiol 96-105 leptin Mus musculus 153-159 31602590-8 2020 Western blot confirmed the increased expression of PSTAT-3 (Ser-727) and PERK1/2 proteins after estradiol + leptin treatment, confirming the estradiol + leptin cross-talk hypothesis. Estradiol 141-150 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 31602590-9 2020 In conclusion, our in vivo studies determined specific gene expression and signaling protein changes, and further unraveled the molecular targets of estradiol + leptin that may perturb endometrial homeostasis and lead to endometrial hyperplasia development in the chronic stimulated state. Estradiol 149-158 leptin Mus musculus 161-167 31894105-4 2020 To dissociate leptin effects from adiposity and diet, we created a transgenic mouse in which leptin expression is regulated by doxycycline exposure. Doxycycline 127-138 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 31656096-7 2019 Remarkably, chronic and acute leptin supplementation restored endothelial function via a PPARgamma-dependent mechanism that decreased Nox1 expression and reactive oxygen species production. oxygen species 163-177 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 31739649-0 2019 Attenuation of Inflammation and Leptin Resistance by Pyrogallol-Phloroglucinol-6,6-Bieckol on in the Brain of Obese Animal Models. Pyrogallol 53-63 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 31739649-0 2019 Attenuation of Inflammation and Leptin Resistance by Pyrogallol-Phloroglucinol-6,6-Bieckol on in the Brain of Obese Animal Models. phloroglucinol-6,6-bieckol 64-90 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 31739649-4 2019 In this study, we evaluated the effects of PPB effect M1 polarization and inflammation and its ability to restore the effects of leptin, such as a decrease in appetite and body weight. PPB 43-46 leptin Mus musculus 129-135 31739649-8 2019 PPB decreased inflammation in the brain, restored leptin sensitivity, and decreased food intake and weight gain in both DIO and ob/ob mice. PPB 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 50-56 31739649-8 2019 PPB decreased inflammation in the brain, restored leptin sensitivity, and decreased food intake and weight gain in both DIO and ob/ob mice. PPB 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 128-130 31739649-8 2019 PPB decreased inflammation in the brain, restored leptin sensitivity, and decreased food intake and weight gain in both DIO and ob/ob mice. PPB 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 131-133 31545149-4 2019 We previously reported that leptin enhanced activity of the carotid sinus nerve, which transmits chemosensory input from the carotid bodies (CBs) to the medullary centers, and this effect was abolished by nonselective blockers of Trp (transient receptor potential) channels. Tryptophan 230-233 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 31499123-6 2019 OB3 inhibits leptin-induced proliferation in ovarian cancer cells. ob3 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 31393787-5 2019 Mechanistically, leptin-primed immortalized Kupffer cells (a mimicked model for an NAFLD condition) treated with apocynin or nitrone spin trap 5,5 dimethyl-1- pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) had significantly decreased CD68 and decreased miR21 and alpha-smooth muscle actin levels, suggesting the role of NOX2-dependent reactive oxygen species in miR21-induced Kupffer cell activation and stellate cell pathology. Oxygen 322-328 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 31670366-2 2019 The combination of CGA and caffeine effectively decreased body weight gain, intraperitoneal adipose tissue weight, serum LDL-c, FFA, TC, TG, leptin, IL-6 concentrations, and hepatic TG and TC levels and increased the serum adiponectin level. Caffeine 27-35 leptin Mus musculus 141-147 31518570-0 2019 Carbonic anhydrase II/sodium-proton exchanger 1 metabolon complex in cardiomyopathy of ob-/- type 2 diabetic mice. Sodium 22-28 leptin Mus musculus 87-89 31659183-4 2019 Biochemical analysis after 7 days of differentiation showed a prominent anti-adipogenic effect of GSNO which was evident as reduced cellular triglycerides and total protein content as well as decreased mRNA and protein expression of late transcription factors (e.g. peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma) and markers of terminal differentiation (e.g. leptin). S-Nitrosoglutathione 98-102 leptin Mus musculus 362-368 31393787-5 2019 Mechanistically, leptin-primed immortalized Kupffer cells (a mimicked model for an NAFLD condition) treated with apocynin or nitrone spin trap 5,5 dimethyl-1- pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) had significantly decreased CD68 and decreased miR21 and alpha-smooth muscle actin levels, suggesting the role of NOX2-dependent reactive oxygen species in miR21-induced Kupffer cell activation and stellate cell pathology. acetovanillone 113-121 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 31393787-5 2019 Mechanistically, leptin-primed immortalized Kupffer cells (a mimicked model for an NAFLD condition) treated with apocynin or nitrone spin trap 5,5 dimethyl-1- pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) had significantly decreased CD68 and decreased miR21 and alpha-smooth muscle actin levels, suggesting the role of NOX2-dependent reactive oxygen species in miR21-induced Kupffer cell activation and stellate cell pathology. nitrones 125-132 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 31393787-5 2019 Mechanistically, leptin-primed immortalized Kupffer cells (a mimicked model for an NAFLD condition) treated with apocynin or nitrone spin trap 5,5 dimethyl-1- pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) had significantly decreased CD68 and decreased miR21 and alpha-smooth muscle actin levels, suggesting the role of NOX2-dependent reactive oxygen species in miR21-induced Kupffer cell activation and stellate cell pathology. dimethyl-1- pyrroline n-oxide 147-176 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 31393787-5 2019 Mechanistically, leptin-primed immortalized Kupffer cells (a mimicked model for an NAFLD condition) treated with apocynin or nitrone spin trap 5,5 dimethyl-1- pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) had significantly decreased CD68 and decreased miR21 and alpha-smooth muscle actin levels, suggesting the role of NOX2-dependent reactive oxygen species in miR21-induced Kupffer cell activation and stellate cell pathology. 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide 178-182 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 30840056-6 2019 Transport of iodine 125-labeled leptin from the peripheral circulation into the brain was completely suppressed during pregnancy, however (days 14 through 16), compared with virgin and lactating (days 7 through 11) mice. Iodine 13-19 leptin Mus musculus 32-38 31295465-2 2019 Histamine further influencing H1 receptors participates in the leptin-dependent inhibition of food intake. Histamine 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 63-69 31144422-6 2019 Repeated treatment with SCO-792 induced reduction in food intake and decrease in body weight in DIO and ob/ob mice. sucunamostat 24-31 leptin Mus musculus 104-106 31144422-6 2019 Repeated treatment with SCO-792 induced reduction in food intake and decrease in body weight in DIO and ob/ob mice. sucunamostat 24-31 leptin Mus musculus 107-109 31144422-8 2019 Hyperglycaemia was markedly improved in SCO-792-treated ob/ob mice. sucunamostat 40-47 leptin Mus musculus 56-58 31144422-8 2019 Hyperglycaemia was markedly improved in SCO-792-treated ob/ob mice. sucunamostat 40-47 leptin Mus musculus 59-61 31144422-9 2019 A hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp study revealed improved muscle insulin sensitivity in SCO-792-treated ob/ob mice. sucunamostat 92-99 leptin Mus musculus 108-110 31144422-9 2019 A hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp study revealed improved muscle insulin sensitivity in SCO-792-treated ob/ob mice. sucunamostat 92-99 leptin Mus musculus 111-113 31546853-6 2019 RESULTS: Excessive white adipose tissue and an increase in plasma insulin and leptin levels were mainly observed in ad libitum HFD + EtOH mice. Ethanol 133-137 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 31489938-8 2019 In the EPI depot, melatonin reversed the increase of leptin, Il-6, Mcp-1 and Tnf-alpha triggered by obesity. Melatonin 18-27 leptin Mus musculus 53-59 33499919-13 2019 Microbial metabolic functions related to energy harvest, including glycan degradation, phosphotransferase systems and ABC transporters, were enriched in the ob/ob mice. Polysaccharides 67-73 leptin Mus musculus 4-6 33499919-13 2019 Microbial metabolic functions related to energy harvest, including glycan degradation, phosphotransferase systems and ABC transporters, were enriched in the ob/ob mice. Polysaccharides 67-73 leptin Mus musculus 157-159 31488870-1 2019 Celastrol is a leptin-sensitizing agent with profound anti-obesity effects in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. celastrol 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 31488870-2 2019 However, the genes and pathways that mediate celastrol-induced leptin sensitization have not been fully understood. celastrol 45-54 leptin Mus musculus 63-69 31327274-7 2019 Collectively, these novel findings suggest that progesterone drives sex-differences in endothelial MR expression and predisposes female mice to leptin-induced endothelial dysfunction, which indicates that MR antagonists may be a promising sex-specific therapy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in obese premenopausal women. Progesterone 48-60 leptin Mus musculus 144-150 31438590-7 2019 Anthocyanin treatment failed to reverse the effects of the high fat diet on body weight and glucose tolerance, but significantly reduced the leptin and IL-6 levels. Anthocyanins 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 141-147 31076350-7 2019 Measurement of leptin responsiveness in hypothalamic nuclei, glucose tolerance, food uptake and energy expenditure in the mutant mice. Glucose 61-68 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 31029425-8 2019 Leptin injection after exercise increased the leptin level in MBH, whereas icv injection of SB334867 suppressed the increase in the leptin level in MBH of mice. 1-(2-methylbenzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5)naphthyridin-4-yl urea 92-100 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 30902749-0 2019 SUMO-specific protease 2 mediates leptin-induced fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle. Fatty Acids 49-59 leptin Mus musculus 34-40 30902749-1 2019 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In addition to the central nervous system-mediated action, leptin also directly induces fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle. Fatty Acids 112-122 leptin Mus musculus 83-89 31265057-6 2019 Corticosterone treatment increased adipose tissue mass in both sexes, which was reflected by elevated serum leptin levels. Corticosterone 0-14 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 31103416-5 2019 Liraglutide and Fenretinide treatments inhibited adiposity gain and decreased circulating serum triglyceride (with Liraglutide) and leptin (with Fenretinide) levels in PLB4 mice. Fenretinide 16-27 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 31103416-5 2019 Liraglutide and Fenretinide treatments inhibited adiposity gain and decreased circulating serum triglyceride (with Liraglutide) and leptin (with Fenretinide) levels in PLB4 mice. Fenretinide 145-156 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 30954605-4 2019 Leptin may be protective against the development of AD as it can inactivate GSK-3beta through the phosphorylation of Ser-9, leading to the reduction of tau phosphorylation. Serine 117-120 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 30905621-9 2019 RESULTS: STRA6 and RALDH1 were highly O-GlcNAc-modified in glomeruli and tubules of db/db and ob/ob mice. o-glcnac 38-46 leptin Mus musculus 94-96 30894367-2 2019 Celastrol, a compound found in the roots of the Tripterygium wilfordii and known to reduce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, has recently emerged as a promising candidate to treat obesity by improving leptin sensitivity. celastrol 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 202-208 30951235-10 2019 Urolithin A, a metabolite of BRBs, suppresses cell proliferation induced by leptin and E2. 3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 30951235-10 2019 Urolithin A, a metabolite of BRBs, suppresses cell proliferation induced by leptin and E2. brbs 29-33 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 30980234-0 2019 Hydrogen Sulfide Inhibits Formaldehyde-Induced Senescence in HT-22 Cells via Upregulation of Leptin Signaling. Hydrogen Sulfide 0-16 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 30980234-0 2019 Hydrogen Sulfide Inhibits Formaldehyde-Induced Senescence in HT-22 Cells via Upregulation of Leptin Signaling. Formaldehyde 26-38 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 30980234-11 2019 Also, H2S upregulated the expressions of leptin and lepRb in FA-exposed HT-22 cells. Hydrogen Sulfide 6-9 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 30980234-12 2019 Furthermore, leptin tA (a specific inhibitor of the leptin) abolished the protective effects of H2S on FA-induced senescence and neurotoxicity (as evidenced by the increase in cell viability and the decrease in cell apoptosis) in HT-22 cells. Hydrogen Sulfide 96-99 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 30980234-12 2019 Furthermore, leptin tA (a specific inhibitor of the leptin) abolished the protective effects of H2S on FA-induced senescence and neurotoxicity (as evidenced by the increase in cell viability and the decrease in cell apoptosis) in HT-22 cells. Hydrogen Sulfide 96-99 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 30980234-13 2019 These results indicated that H2S prevents FA-induced neuronal senescence via upregulation of leptin signaling. Hydrogen Sulfide 29-32 leptin Mus musculus 93-99 30980234-15 2019 FA upregulates the expressions of P16INK4a and P21CIP1 via inhibiting leptin signaling, which in turn induces senescence in HT-22 cells; H2S downregulates the expressions of P16INK4a and P21CIP1 via reversing FA-downregulated leptin signaling, which in turn prevents FA-induced senescence in HT-22 cells. Hydrogen Sulfide 137-140 leptin Mus musculus 226-232 30920846-6 2019 In ob/ob mice, CS in chow (9-69 mg/kg) or FOY-251 (46 mg/kg) reduced food intake and body weight gain to a similar extent as pair-fed mice. camostat 15-17 leptin Mus musculus 3-5 30920846-6 2019 In ob/ob mice, CS in chow (9-69 mg/kg) or FOY-251 (46 mg/kg) reduced food intake and body weight gain to a similar extent as pair-fed mice. camostat 15-17 leptin Mus musculus 6-8 30714432-9 2019 In addition to prolonged fasting, a high-fat diet and a high-carbohydrate (no-protein) diet caused modification of daily expression rhythms of the genes, with characteristic changes in profiles of glucoregulatory hormones such as corticosterone, glucagon, and insulin, as well as their modulators including ghrelin, leptin, resistin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Carbohydrates 61-73 leptin Mus musculus 316-322 30926645-6 2019 Leptin obviously exacerbates the inflammation of monosodium urate-induced acute gouty arthritis in wild-type mice, whereas that in leptin-deficient C57BL6/Job/ob mice is markedly alleviated. Uric Acid 49-65 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 30709903-0 2019 Iron down-regulates leptin by suppressing protein O-GlcNAc modification in adipocytes, resulting in decreased levels of O-glycosylated CREB. Iron 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 30709903-0 2019 Iron down-regulates leptin by suppressing protein O-GlcNAc modification in adipocytes, resulting in decreased levels of O-glycosylated CREB. o-glcnac 50-58 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 30709903-1 2019 We previously reported that iron down-regulates transcription of the leptin gene by increasing occupancy of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) at two sites in the leptin gene promoter. Iron 28-32 leptin Mus musculus 69-75 30709903-1 2019 We previously reported that iron down-regulates transcription of the leptin gene by increasing occupancy of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) at two sites in the leptin gene promoter. Iron 28-32 leptin Mus musculus 189-195 30709903-1 2019 We previously reported that iron down-regulates transcription of the leptin gene by increasing occupancy of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) at two sites in the leptin gene promoter. Cyclic AMP 123-127 leptin Mus musculus 69-75 30709903-1 2019 We previously reported that iron down-regulates transcription of the leptin gene by increasing occupancy of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) at two sites in the leptin gene promoter. Cyclic AMP 123-127 leptin Mus musculus 189-195 30709903-3 2019 We therefore investigated whether O-glycosylation plays a role in iron- and CREB-mediated regulation of leptin. Iron 66-70 leptin Mus musculus 104-110 30709903-4 2019 We found that high iron decreases protein O-GlcNAcylation both in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in mice fed high-iron diets and down-regulates leptin mRNA and protein levels. Iron 19-23 leptin Mus musculus 144-150 30709903-5 2019 Glucosamine treatment, which bypasses the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of substrate for glycosylation, increased both O-GlcNAc and leptin, whereas inhibition of O-glycosyltransferase (OGT) decreased O-GlcNAc and leptin. Glucosamine 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 138-144 30709903-5 2019 Glucosamine treatment, which bypasses the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of substrate for glycosylation, increased both O-GlcNAc and leptin, whereas inhibition of O-glycosyltransferase (OGT) decreased O-GlcNAc and leptin. Glucosamine 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 219-225 30709903-6 2019 The increased leptin levels induced by glucosamine were susceptible to the inhibition by iron, but in the case of OGT inhibition, iron did not further decrease leptin. Glucosamine 39-50 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 30709903-6 2019 The increased leptin levels induced by glucosamine were susceptible to the inhibition by iron, but in the case of OGT inhibition, iron did not further decrease leptin. Iron 89-93 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 30709903-7 2019 Mice with deletion of the O-GlcNAcase gene, either via whole-body heterozygous deletion or through adipocyte-targeted homozygous deletion, exhibited increased O-GlcNAc levels in adipose tissue and increased leptin levels that were inhibited by iron. o-glcnac 26-34 leptin Mus musculus 207-213 30709903-8 2019 Of note, iron increased the occupancy of pCREB and decreased the occupancy of O-GlcNAcylated CREB on the leptin promoter. Iron 9-13 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 30709903-9 2019 These patterns observed in our experimental models suggest that iron exerts its effects on leptin by decreasing O-glycosylation and not by increasing protein deglycosylation and that neither O-GlcNAcase nor OGT mRNA and protein levels are affected by iron. Iron 64-68 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 30709903-10 2019 We conclude that iron down-regulates leptin by decreasing CREB glycosylation, resulting in increased CREB phosphorylation and leptin promoter occupancy by pCREB. Iron 17-21 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 30709903-10 2019 We conclude that iron down-regulates leptin by decreasing CREB glycosylation, resulting in increased CREB phosphorylation and leptin promoter occupancy by pCREB. Iron 17-21 leptin Mus musculus 126-132 30648765-4 2019 In the present study, it was observed that melatonin positively regulated the level of leptin in female mouse and pig. Melatonin 43-52 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 30884843-4 2019 UDCA significantly decreased lipid droplets, reduced free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG), improved mitochondrial function, and enhanced white adipose tissue browning in ob/ob mice. Ursodeoxycholic Acid 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 179-181 30884843-4 2019 UDCA significantly decreased lipid droplets, reduced free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG), improved mitochondrial function, and enhanced white adipose tissue browning in ob/ob mice. Ursodeoxycholic Acid 0-4 leptin Mus musculus 182-184 30309268-4 2019 OBJECTIVES: To assess if intranasal leptin can treat obesity hypoventilation and upper airway obstruction during sleep in mice with DIO. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 132-135 leptin Mus musculus 36-42 30309268-9 2019 MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Acute intranasal, but not intraperitoneal, leptin decreased the number of oxygen desaturation events in REM sleep, and increased ventilation in non-REM and REM sleep, independently of metabolic effects. Oxygen 105-111 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 30309268-13 2019 CONCLUSIONS: In mice with DIO, intranasal leptin bypassed leptin resistance and significantly attenuated sleep-disordered breathing independently of body weight. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 26-29 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 30832310-0 2019 Participation of NADPH Oxidase-Related Reactive Oxygen Species in Leptin-Promoted Pulmonary Inflammation: Regulation of cPLA2alpha and COX-2 Expression. Reactive Oxygen Species 39-62 leptin Mus musculus 66-72 30832310-6 2019 Treatment with an ROS scavenger (N-acetylcysteine, NAC), an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin), or an activating protein (AP)-1 inhibitor (tanshinone IIA) attenuated leptin-mediated cPLA2alpha/COX-2 expression and leukocyte recruitment in the lung. Acetylcysteine 33-49 leptin Mus musculus 166-172 30832310-8 2019 In summation, leptin increased lung cPLA2alpha/COX-2 expression and leukocyte recruitment via the NADPH oxidase/ROS/AP-1 pathway. Reactive Oxygen Species 112-115 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 30698681-0 2019 Glucose-Lowering by Leptin in the Absence of Insulin Does Not Fully Rely on the Central Melanocortin System in Male Mice. Glucose 0-7 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 30698681-6 2019 Central leptin injection also partially rescued glucose levels in total insulin-deficient AgRP LEPR mice. Glucose 48-55 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 30698681-9 2019 This indicates that the central melanocortin system operates with other neuronal systems to fully mediate glucose-lowering effects of leptin in an insulin-independent manner. Glucose 106-113 leptin Mus musculus 134-140 30269370-6 2019 In contrast, mutation of LepRb Tyr 985 , which blocks SHP2/SOCS3 recruitment to LepRb and contributes to leptin hypersensitivity, promoted increased femur bone density only in male mice, while marrow adiposity and bone growth were not affected. Tyrosine 31-34 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 30625317-0 2019 Leptin Signaling in the Arcuate Nucleus Reduces Insulin"s Capacity to Suppress Hepatic Glucose Production in Obese Mice. Glucose 87-94 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 30448488-1 2019 This study was designed to investigate the liver and kidney protective efficacy of a Lachnum polysaccharide (LEP) against Pb-induced toxicity in mice. lachnum polysaccharide 85-107 leptin Mus musculus 109-112 30448488-1 2019 This study was designed to investigate the liver and kidney protective efficacy of a Lachnum polysaccharide (LEP) against Pb-induced toxicity in mice. Lead 122-124 leptin Mus musculus 109-112 30448488-2 2019 The results showed that LEP decreased the Pb-induced bodyweight loss and organ index. Lead 42-44 leptin Mus musculus 24-27 30448488-3 2019 Moreover, biochemical analysis showed that treatment of LEP could improve antioxidant status (CAT, GSH-Px and MDA) and the injury of tissues (liver and kidney). Glutathione 99-102 leptin Mus musculus 56-59 30448488-4 2019 In addition, the histopathological observations indicated that LEP could attenuate liver and kidney cell injury induced by Pb. Lead 123-125 leptin Mus musculus 63-66 30448488-6 2019 The present findings demonstrated that LEP is strongly effective in protecting against the liver and kidney injury induced by Pb. Lead 126-128 leptin Mus musculus 39-42 30660623-0 2019 In utero exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate suppresses blood glucose and leptin levels in the offspring of wild-type mice. Diethylhexyl Phthalate 21-46 leptin Mus musculus 76-82 30307745-5 2019 ob Mice have significantly higher jejunal (1.6-fold) and ileal (1.4-fold) paracellular oxalate absorption ex vivo and significantly higher (5-fold) urine [13C]oxalate following oral gavage with [13C]oxalate, indicating increased intestinal oxalate absorption in vivo. Oxalates 87-94 leptin Mus musculus 0-2 30625317-3 2019 Here, we demonstrate that blocking central leptin signaling in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice restores the liver"s ability to suppress glucose production. Glucose 134-141 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 30307745-5 2019 ob Mice have significantly higher jejunal (1.6-fold) and ileal (1.4-fold) paracellular oxalate absorption ex vivo and significantly higher (5-fold) urine [13C]oxalate following oral gavage with [13C]oxalate, indicating increased intestinal oxalate absorption in vivo. 13c]oxalate 155-166 leptin Mus musculus 0-2 30307745-5 2019 ob Mice have significantly higher jejunal (1.6-fold) and ileal (1.4-fold) paracellular oxalate absorption ex vivo and significantly higher (5-fold) urine [13C]oxalate following oral gavage with [13C]oxalate, indicating increased intestinal oxalate absorption in vivo. Carbon-13 155-158 leptin Mus musculus 0-2 30462197-5 2019 Bromo-treated ob/ob mice exhibited lower serum Prl concentration, improved glucose and insulin tolerance, and increased insulin sensitivity in the liver and skeletal muscle compared with vehicle-treated mice. Bromocriptine 0-5 leptin Mus musculus 14-16 30307745-5 2019 ob Mice have significantly higher jejunal (1.6-fold) and ileal (1.4-fold) paracellular oxalate absorption ex vivo and significantly higher (5-fold) urine [13C]oxalate following oral gavage with [13C]oxalate, indicating increased intestinal oxalate absorption in vivo. Oxalates 159-166 leptin Mus musculus 0-2 30307745-7 2019 Indeed, ob mice have significantly higher fractions of the administered sucrose (1.7-fold), lactulose (4.4-fold), and sucralose (3.1-fold) excreted in the urine, reflecting increased gastric, small intestinal, and colonic paracellular permeability, respectively. Sucrose 72-79 leptin Mus musculus 8-10 30307745-7 2019 Indeed, ob mice have significantly higher fractions of the administered sucrose (1.7-fold), lactulose (4.4-fold), and sucralose (3.1-fold) excreted in the urine, reflecting increased gastric, small intestinal, and colonic paracellular permeability, respectively. Lactulose 92-101 leptin Mus musculus 8-10 30307745-7 2019 Indeed, ob mice have significantly higher fractions of the administered sucrose (1.7-fold), lactulose (4.4-fold), and sucralose (3.1-fold) excreted in the urine, reflecting increased gastric, small intestinal, and colonic paracellular permeability, respectively. trichlorosucrose 118-127 leptin Mus musculus 8-10 30307745-12 2019 A transepithelial oxalate concentration gradient driving gastrointestinal paracellular oxalate absorption exists, and therefore, our novel findings likely contribute to the hyperoxaluria observed in the ob/ob mice and hence to the pathogenesis of obesity-associated hyperoxaluria. Oxalates 18-25 leptin Mus musculus 187-189 30307745-12 2019 A transepithelial oxalate concentration gradient driving gastrointestinal paracellular oxalate absorption exists, and therefore, our novel findings likely contribute to the hyperoxaluria observed in the ob/ob mice and hence to the pathogenesis of obesity-associated hyperoxaluria. Oxalates 18-25 leptin Mus musculus 203-205 30462197-5 2019 Bromo-treated ob/ob mice exhibited lower serum Prl concentration, improved glucose and insulin tolerance, and increased insulin sensitivity in the liver and skeletal muscle compared with vehicle-treated mice. Bromocriptine 0-5 leptin Mus musculus 17-19 31608695-9 2019 Moreover, the serum leptin and adiponectin ratio was elevated only in obese asthmatic mice and decreased with pravastatin administration. Pravastatin 110-121 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 30462197-0 2019 Suppression of Prolactin Secretion Partially Explains the Antidiabetic Effect of Bromocriptine in ob/ob Mice. Bromocriptine 81-94 leptin Mus musculus 98-100 30462197-0 2019 Suppression of Prolactin Secretion Partially Explains the Antidiabetic Effect of Bromocriptine in ob/ob Mice. Bromocriptine 81-94 leptin Mus musculus 101-103 31608695-12 2019 Conclusions: Pravastatin treatment in obese asthmatic mice suppressed allergic airway infiltration and AHR by inhibition of Th2 and Th17-associated signaling pathways, decreasing the leptin expression and downstream p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Pravastatin 13-24 leptin Mus musculus 183-189 30285278-12 2019 We found that leptin enhanced carotid sinus nerve activity at baseline and in response to 10% O2 in vivo. Oxygen 94-96 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 31018712-0 2019 A Fragrant Environment Containing alpha-Pinene Suppresses Tumor Growth in Mice by Modulating the Hypothalamus/Sympathetic Nerve/Leptin Axis and Immune System. alpha-pinene 34-46 leptin Mus musculus 128-134 31018712-8 2019 Moreover, plasma noradrenaline concentrations, which reflected sympathetic nervous activity, tended to increase, and leptin levels were significantly decreased in FE-exposed mice. Iron 163-165 leptin Mus musculus 117-123 31018712-12 2019 These neurohormonal and immunological changes in the FE-exposed mice suggested that the FE may activate the hypothalamus/sympathetic nerve/leptin axis and immune system, thereby retarding tumor growth. Iron 53-55 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 31018712-12 2019 These neurohormonal and immunological changes in the FE-exposed mice suggested that the FE may activate the hypothalamus/sympathetic nerve/leptin axis and immune system, thereby retarding tumor growth. Iron 88-90 leptin Mus musculus 139-145 30525586-2 2018 Celastrol-administered mice at 100 mug/kg decrease food consumption and body weight via a leptin-dependent mechanism, yet its molecular targets in this pathway remain elusive. celastrol 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 90-96 31787558-5 2019 Supplementation with 2-OHOA reduced body and heart weights, blood pressure, triglycerides and leptin, and restored adiponectin and resistin secretion, while n-3 PUFA only reduced triglyceride levels (all P<0.05). 2-hydroxyoleic acid 21-27 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 30678859-6 2019 Our lab recently demonstrated that leptin also induces the adrenal production of aldosterone in a direct fashion and that this pathway leads to the hyperaldosteronemia that is characteristic of obesity. Aldosterone 81-92 leptin Mus musculus 35-41 30525586-6 2018 By using a panel of PTPs implicated in hypothalamic leptin signaling, we show that celastrol additionally inhibited PTEN and SHP2 but had no activity toward other phosphatases of the PTP family. celastrol 83-92 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 29915972-7 2018 Both exogenous leptin replenishment during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the addition of leptin into the everted isolated jejunum loops in vitro restored the glucose transport capacity in VSG-operated mice, and this effect was abolished when the glucose transporter GLUT2 was blocked with phloretin. Glucose 52-59 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 30300012-2 2018 However, various studies have demonstrated that the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin can robustly lower blood glucose levels in rodent models of insulin-deficient diabetes. Glucose 110-117 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 30300012-7 2018 In addition, STZ diabetic mice administered a leptin antagonist through daily injection or plasmid expression respond less robustly to insulin therapy as assessed by both fasting blood glucose levels and blood glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test. Streptozocin 13-16 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 30300012-7 2018 In addition, STZ diabetic mice administered a leptin antagonist through daily injection or plasmid expression respond less robustly to insulin therapy as assessed by both fasting blood glucose levels and blood glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test. Glucose 185-192 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 30300012-7 2018 In addition, STZ diabetic mice administered a leptin antagonist through daily injection or plasmid expression respond less robustly to insulin therapy as assessed by both fasting blood glucose levels and blood glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test. Blood Glucose 179-192 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 30300012-7 2018 In addition, STZ diabetic mice administered a leptin antagonist through daily injection or plasmid expression respond less robustly to insulin therapy as assessed by both fasting blood glucose levels and blood glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test. Glucose 210-217 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 30300012-9 2018 Therefore, we conclude that elevated leptin levels can contribute to the glucose-lowering effect of insulin therapy in insulin-deficient diabetes. Glucose 73-80 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 30469142-6 2018 The neuronal apoptosis and Ca2+ imaging signal induced by ATP were suppressed by leptin, due to elevated caveolin-1 expression. Adenosine Triphosphate 58-61 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 30174195-4 2018 Recently, we have shown that high levels of leptin have inhibitory effects on cAMP-dependent steroidogenic genes expression in MA-10 Leydig cells. Cyclic AMP 78-82 leptin Mus musculus 44-50 29915972-7 2018 Both exogenous leptin replenishment during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the addition of leptin into the everted isolated jejunum loops in vitro restored the glucose transport capacity in VSG-operated mice, and this effect was abolished when the glucose transporter GLUT2 was blocked with phloretin. Glucose 171-178 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 29915972-7 2018 Both exogenous leptin replenishment during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the addition of leptin into the everted isolated jejunum loops in vitro restored the glucose transport capacity in VSG-operated mice, and this effect was abolished when the glucose transporter GLUT2 was blocked with phloretin. Glucose 171-178 leptin Mus musculus 102-108 29915972-7 2018 Both exogenous leptin replenishment during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the addition of leptin into the everted isolated jejunum loops in vitro restored the glucose transport capacity in VSG-operated mice, and this effect was abolished when the glucose transporter GLUT2 was blocked with phloretin. Phloretin 302-311 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 29915972-7 2018 Both exogenous leptin replenishment during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the addition of leptin into the everted isolated jejunum loops in vitro restored the glucose transport capacity in VSG-operated mice, and this effect was abolished when the glucose transporter GLUT2 was blocked with phloretin. Phloretin 302-311 leptin Mus musculus 102-108 29915972-12 2018 CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that the decreased secretion of gastric leptin in VSG results in a decrease in intestinal glucose absorption via modulation of GLUT2 translocation. Glucose 124-131 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 30312306-7 2018 Plasma leptin peaked 7.5 hours postoperatively, especially in IR/LepA-treated mice, subsiding to normal levels by 24 hours. lepa 65-69 leptin Mus musculus 7-13 30292429-1 2018 Leptin and insulin"s hunger-suppressing and activity-promoting actions on hypothalamic neurons are well characterized, yet the mechanisms by which they modulate the midbrain dopamine system to influence energy balance remain less clear. Dopamine 174-182 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 30292429-2 2018 A subset of midbrain dopamine neurons express receptors for leptin (Lepr) and insulin (Insr). Dopamine 21-29 leptin Mus musculus 60-66 30292429-3 2018 Leptin-dopamine signaling reduces running reward and homecage activity. Dopamine 7-15 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 30292429-5 2018 We hypothesized insulin-dopamine signaling might compensate for disrupted leptin-dopamine signaling. Dopamine 81-89 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 29958959-3 2018 AIMS OF THE STUDY: The purpose of the present study is to characterize the polysaccharide from L. europaeum L. leaves (LEP) and to explore its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepato-nephroprotective properties. Polysaccharides 75-89 leptin Mus musculus 119-122 29958959-8 2018 RESULTS: The LEP showed an interesting water-holding capacity and effective foaming and emulsifying properties. Water 39-44 leptin Mus musculus 13-16 29958959-9 2018 XRD analysis suggested that LEP form a semi-crystalline polymer with an amorphous structure. Polymers 56-63 leptin Mus musculus 28-31 29958959-10 2018 FT-IR profile showed the presence of pyranose ring in LEP. Pyranose 37-45 leptin Mus musculus 54-57 29958959-13 2018 In vivo, LEP treatment significantly reduced the effects of CCl4 intoxication on serum liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, LDH, and GGT) and the effect of cisplatin on serum renal biomarkers (urea, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid). Cisplatin 147-156 leptin Mus musculus 9-12 29958959-13 2018 In vivo, LEP treatment significantly reduced the effects of CCl4 intoxication on serum liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, LDH, and GGT) and the effect of cisplatin on serum renal biomarkers (urea, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid). Urea 184-188 leptin Mus musculus 9-12 29958959-13 2018 In vivo, LEP treatment significantly reduced the effects of CCl4 intoxication on serum liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, LDH, and GGT) and the effect of cisplatin on serum renal biomarkers (urea, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid). Urea 196-200 leptin Mus musculus 9-12 29958959-13 2018 In vivo, LEP treatment significantly reduced the effects of CCl4 intoxication on serum liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, LDH, and GGT) and the effect of cisplatin on serum renal biomarkers (urea, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid). Nitrogen 201-209 leptin Mus musculus 9-12 29958959-13 2018 In vivo, LEP treatment significantly reduced the effects of CCl4 intoxication on serum liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, LDH, and GGT) and the effect of cisplatin on serum renal biomarkers (urea, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid). Creatinine 211-221 leptin Mus musculus 9-12 29958959-13 2018 In vivo, LEP treatment significantly reduced the effects of CCl4 intoxication on serum liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, LDH, and GGT) and the effect of cisplatin on serum renal biomarkers (urea, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid). Uric Acid 227-236 leptin Mus musculus 9-12 29958959-14 2018 Meanwhile, LEP diminishes significantly the effect of CCl4 and cisplatin on the level of lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney tissues, respectively. Cisplatin 63-72 leptin Mus musculus 11-14 29958959-16 2018 LEP possessed a significant anti-inflammatory activity on acute inflammation induced by carrageenan in mice. Carrageenan 88-99 leptin Mus musculus 0-3 30287858-2 2018 Morbidly obese leptin-deficient ob/ob mice are resistant to polyethylene particle-induced bone loss, suggesting that leptin, a hormone produced by adipocytes that circulates in concentrations proportional to total body adiposity, increases osteolysis. Polyethylene 60-72 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 30287858-7 2018 Leptin treatment increased particle-induced osteolysis in ob/ob mice, providing evidence that the adpiokine may play a role in inflammation-driven bone loss. adpiokine 98-107 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 30287858-7 2018 Leptin treatment increased particle-induced osteolysis in ob/ob mice, providing evidence that the adpiokine may play a role in inflammation-driven bone loss. adpiokine 98-107 leptin Mus musculus 58-60 30287858-7 2018 Leptin treatment increased particle-induced osteolysis in ob/ob mice, providing evidence that the adpiokine may play a role in inflammation-driven bone loss. adpiokine 98-107 leptin Mus musculus 61-63 30287858-8 2018 Additional research is required to determine whether altering leptin levels within the physiological range results in corresponding changes in polyethylene-particle-induced osteolysis. Polyethylene 143-155 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 29948931-11 2018 Significantly, higher serum leptin levels were found in the DIO and DIO-R groups. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 60-63 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 30021121-5 2018 Mean uterus weight was significantly lower in the saline-treated LD group (18.8 mg) compared to non-LD controls (52.9 mg; p < 0.0001) and increased significantly upon leptin treatment (46.5 mg; p < 0.001). Sodium Chloride 50-56 leptin Mus musculus 170-176 30021121-6 2018 The mean number of corpora lutea per ovary was significantly lower in saline-treated LD animals compared to non-LD controls (p < 0.01) and was restored to non-LD control levels by leptin (p < 0.05). Sodium Chloride 70-76 leptin Mus musculus 183-189 29948931-11 2018 Significantly, higher serum leptin levels were found in the DIO and DIO-R groups. dio-r 68-73 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 29339180-0 2018 Leptin blocks the inhibitory effect of vitamin D on adipogenesis and cell proliferation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Vitamin D 39-48 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 30463649-13 2018 Rosiglitazone significantly promoted the expression of adiponectin and inhibited the expression of leptin in mesenteric adipocytes. Rosiglitazone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 99-105 30063917-0 2018 Sulforaphane improves leptin responsiveness in high-fat high-sucrose diet-fed obese mice. sulforaphane 0-12 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 30063917-0 2018 Sulforaphane improves leptin responsiveness in high-fat high-sucrose diet-fed obese mice. Sucrose 61-68 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 30063917-5 2018 To date, the role of sulforaphane (SFN, an isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables) on leptin responsiveness has not been examined, in spite of its known beneficial effects toward lowering body weight gain in DIO. sulforaphane 21-33 leptin Mus musculus 98-104 30063917-5 2018 To date, the role of sulforaphane (SFN, an isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables) on leptin responsiveness has not been examined, in spite of its known beneficial effects toward lowering body weight gain in DIO. sulforaphane 35-38 leptin Mus musculus 98-104 30063917-7 2018 SFN treatment (0.5 mg/kg/day, s.c.) for 23 days in HFHS-fed mice improved the responsiveness to intraperitoneally-injected leptin by promoting significant decreases in cumulative food intake and body weight gain. sulforaphane 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 123-129 30063917-13 2018 The present findings suggest that intervention with SFN, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate, has the potential to improve leptin responsiveness in DIO. sulforaphane 52-55 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 30063917-13 2018 The present findings suggest that intervention with SFN, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate, has the potential to improve leptin responsiveness in DIO. isothiocyanic acid 79-93 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 30063917-13 2018 The present findings suggest that intervention with SFN, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate, has the potential to improve leptin responsiveness in DIO. 3,3'-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate 149-152 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 30241328-0 2018 Glycaemic Index of Maternal Dietary Carbohydrate Differentially Alters Fto and Lep Expression in Offspring in C57BL/6 Mice. Carbohydrates 36-48 leptin Mus musculus 79-82 30092639-5 2018 Moreover, naringin treatment significantly decreased plasma 8-isoprostane (an indicator of the oxidative stress) level, fat weight, liver weight, hepatic total cholesterol concentration, hepatic triglyceride concentration, plasma leptin level, plasma insulin content, plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and plasma PCSK9 production concomitantly with down-regulated expression of SREBP-2, PCSK9, and SREBP-1, and up-regulated expression of p-AMPKalpha and LDLR. naringin 10-18 leptin Mus musculus 230-236 29604586-4 2018 Sinigrin remarkably inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets and adipogenesis by downregulating the expression of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), leptin and aP2. sinigrin 0-8 leptin Mus musculus 231-237 29967158-5 2018 Mice deficient in leptin exhibited elevated hypothalamic AEA levels and reductions in FAAH activity while leptin administration to WT mice reduced AEA content and increased FAAH activity. anandamide 57-60 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 29967158-5 2018 Mice deficient in leptin exhibited elevated hypothalamic AEA levels and reductions in FAAH activity while leptin administration to WT mice reduced AEA content and increased FAAH activity. anandamide 147-150 leptin Mus musculus 106-112 29967158-6 2018 Following high fat diet exposure, mice developed resistance to the effects of leptin administration on hypothalamic AEA content and FAAH activity. anandamide 116-119 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 29756380-0 2018 Metabolic Inhibitors of O-GlcNAc Transferase That Act In Vivo Implicate Decreased O-GlcNAc Levels in Leptin-Mediated Nutrient Sensing. o-glcnac 24-32 leptin Mus musculus 101-107 29756380-6 2018 Decreased O-GlcNAc correlates, both in vitro within adipocytes and in vivo within mice, with lower levels of the transcription factor Sp1 and the satiety-inducing hormone leptin, thus revealing a link between decreased O-GlcNAc levels and nutrient sensing in peripheral tissues of mammals. o-glcnac 10-18 leptin Mus musculus 171-177 29686012-5 2018 Leptin reduced blood glucose concentrations in both groups. Glucose 21-28 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29520482-0 2018 Leptin alters somatosensory thalamic networks by decreasing gaba release from reticular thalamic nucleus and action potential frequency at ventrobasal neurons. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 60-64 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29520482-6 2018 Leptin reduced GABA release onto VB neurons throughout the activation of a JAK2-dependent pathway, without affecting excitatory glutamate transmission. gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 15-19 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29467755-5 2018 The participation of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in neutrophil recruitment triggered by leptin was investigated using different strategies. Leukotriene B4 21-35 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 28744834-4 2018 Supplementation of corticosterone and cortisol promoted leptin production in murine adipocytes from the 3T3-L1 cell strain and human adipocytes from the Simpson Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) cell strain, respectively. Corticosterone 19-33 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 28744834-4 2018 Supplementation of corticosterone and cortisol promoted leptin production in murine adipocytes from the 3T3-L1 cell strain and human adipocytes from the Simpson Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) cell strain, respectively. Hydrocortisone 38-46 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 28744834-7 2018 When SGBS adipocytes were cultured in these CMs, leptin production was positively associated with cortisol concentrations. Hydrocortisone 98-106 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 29413587-0 2018 Targeting the leptin receptor: To evaluate therapeutic efficacy and anti-tumor effects of Doxil, in vitro and in vivo in mice bearing C26 colon carcinoma tumor. liposomal doxorubicin 90-95 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 29413587-2 2018 In the present study, the function of a leptin-derived peptide (LP16, 91-110 of Leptin) was investigated as a targeting ligand to decorate PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, Doxil ) surface and the anti-tumor activity and therapeutic efficacy of Doxil in C26 (Colon Carcinoma) tumor model were also evaluated. Doxorubicin 159-170 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 29413587-2 2018 In the present study, the function of a leptin-derived peptide (LP16, 91-110 of Leptin) was investigated as a targeting ligand to decorate PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, Doxil ) surface and the anti-tumor activity and therapeutic efficacy of Doxil in C26 (Colon Carcinoma) tumor model were also evaluated. Doxorubicin 159-170 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 29413587-2 2018 In the present study, the function of a leptin-derived peptide (LP16, 91-110 of Leptin) was investigated as a targeting ligand to decorate PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, Doxil ) surface and the anti-tumor activity and therapeutic efficacy of Doxil in C26 (Colon Carcinoma) tumor model were also evaluated. liposomal doxorubicin 177-182 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 29413587-2 2018 In the present study, the function of a leptin-derived peptide (LP16, 91-110 of Leptin) was investigated as a targeting ligand to decorate PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, Doxil ) surface and the anti-tumor activity and therapeutic efficacy of Doxil in C26 (Colon Carcinoma) tumor model were also evaluated. liposomal doxorubicin 177-182 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 29413587-2 2018 In the present study, the function of a leptin-derived peptide (LP16, 91-110 of Leptin) was investigated as a targeting ligand to decorate PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, Doxil ) surface and the anti-tumor activity and therapeutic efficacy of Doxil in C26 (Colon Carcinoma) tumor model were also evaluated. liposomal doxorubicin 249-254 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 29413587-2 2018 In the present study, the function of a leptin-derived peptide (LP16, 91-110 of Leptin) was investigated as a targeting ligand to decorate PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, Doxil ) surface and the anti-tumor activity and therapeutic efficacy of Doxil in C26 (Colon Carcinoma) tumor model were also evaluated. liposomal doxorubicin 249-254 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 29670283-1 2018 Leptin, a hormone produced in white adipose tissue, acts in the brain to communicate fuel status, suppress appetite following a meal, promote energy expenditure and maintain blood glucose stability1,2. Glucose 180-187 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29670283-7 2018 Here we conduct a systematic, unbiased survey of leptin-responsive neurons in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and exploit CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genetic ablation of LEPR in vivo. Streptozocin 78-92 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 29670283-11 2018 We also uncover divergent mechanisms of acute and chronic inhibition of AGRP neurons by leptin (presynaptic potentiation of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) neurotransmission and postsynaptic activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, respectively). gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 124-128 leptin Mus musculus 88-94 29670283-11 2018 We also uncover divergent mechanisms of acute and chronic inhibition of AGRP neurons by leptin (presynaptic potentiation of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) neurotransmission and postsynaptic activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, respectively). gamma-Aminobutyric Acid 130-153 leptin Mus musculus 88-94 29606968-11 2018 The groups treated with BA indicated a significant decrease in leptin, AST, ALT, ALP, TG, cholesterol, LDL-C and an increases in adiponectin and HDL levels, while VLDL did not show significant changes. betulinic acid 24-26 leptin Mus musculus 63-69 29606968-13 2018 BA has an effective role on liver damage induced by diabetes through amelioration of leptin, adiponectin, liver enzyme levels and lipid profile. betulinic acid 0-2 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 29606968-14 2018 Since BA has a positive effect on lipid profile, adiponectin and leptin, it may improve metabolic syndrome. betulinic acid 6-8 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 29568521-0 2018 Elevated circulatory levels of leptin and resistin impair therapeutic efficacy of dacarbazine in melanoma under obese state. Dacarbazine 82-93 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 29568521-7 2018 Both leptin and resistin not only enhance proliferation of melanoma cells but also are involved in impairing the therapeutic efficacy of DTIC. Dacarbazine 137-141 leptin Mus musculus 5-11 29568521-9 2018 Further, it was observed that leptin and resistin impaired the response of melanoma cells to DTIC via upregulation of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) respectively. Dacarbazine 93-97 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 29248461-2 2018 Histamine induces biliary proliferation and fibrosis and regulates leptin signaling. Histamine 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 28593471-6 2018 Furthermore, concomitant administration of HFD and arsenic decreased the lipid profile and levels of T4, albumin, total protein, T3, and GSH and increased the levels of TSH, adiponectin, leptin, ROS, MDA, and T4/T3 ratio compared to those in the control LFD or HFD group. Arsenic 51-58 leptin Mus musculus 187-193 29867731-0 2018 Leptin Maintained Zinc Homeostasis Against Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity by Preventing Mitophagy-Mediated Mitochondrial Activation in HT22 Hippocampal Neuronal Cells. Glutamic Acid 43-52 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29867731-5 2018 The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of glutamate on the parameters of zinc homeostasis, mitochondrial functions, and mitophagy regulating factors, as well as to investigate the protective effects of leptin against cytotoxicity of glutamate in murine HT22 hippocampal neuronal cells. Glutamic Acid 248-257 leptin Mus musculus 217-223 29867731-7 2018 Our results demonstrated that glutamate induced a decrease in superoxide dismutase, GSH (glutathione), and mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in GSSG (oxidized glutathione), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and supplementation of leptin blocked the toxic effect of glutamate on cell survival. Glutamic Acid 30-39 leptin Mus musculus 250-256 29867731-7 2018 Our results demonstrated that glutamate induced a decrease in superoxide dismutase, GSH (glutathione), and mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in GSSG (oxidized glutathione), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and supplementation of leptin blocked the toxic effect of glutamate on cell survival. Glutamic Acid 285-294 leptin Mus musculus 250-256 29867731-10 2018 Leptin corrected these glutamate-caused alterations. Glutamic Acid 23-32 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29472382-6 2018 Quinpirole increased the protein and mRNA expression of leptin and IL-6, but not adiponectin and visfatin (24 h). Quinpirole 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 29472382-8 2018 An acute increase in the protein expression of leptin and TNF-alpha was also found in the cells treated with quinpirole. Quinpirole 109-119 leptin Mus musculus 47-53 29472382-9 2018 The leptin concentration in the culture media was increased by quinpirole-bathing the 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Quinpirole 63-73 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 29472382-10 2018 These quinpirole effects on leptin and IL-6 expression were prevented by the D2R antagonist L741,626. Quinpirole 6-16 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 29472382-12 2018 The D2R-mediated increase in leptin expression was prevented by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002. 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 104-112 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 29472382-13 2018 Acute quinpirole treatment in C57Bl/6J mice increased serum leptin concentration and leptin mRNA in visceral adipocyte tissue but not in subcutaneous adipocytes, confirming the stimulatory effect of D2R on leptin in vivo. Quinpirole 6-16 leptin Mus musculus 60-66 29472382-13 2018 Acute quinpirole treatment in C57Bl/6J mice increased serum leptin concentration and leptin mRNA in visceral adipocyte tissue but not in subcutaneous adipocytes, confirming the stimulatory effect of D2R on leptin in vivo. Quinpirole 6-16 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 29472382-13 2018 Acute quinpirole treatment in C57Bl/6J mice increased serum leptin concentration and leptin mRNA in visceral adipocyte tissue but not in subcutaneous adipocytes, confirming the stimulatory effect of D2R on leptin in vivo. Quinpirole 6-16 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 29611323-6 2018 In 41% of leptin-responsive neurons, leptin attenuated the reduced firing rate produced by quinpirole (100 nmol/L), whereas the remaining 59% of neurons exhibited no effect of leptin. Quinpirole 91-101 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 29611323-6 2018 In 41% of leptin-responsive neurons, leptin attenuated the reduced firing rate produced by quinpirole (100 nmol/L), whereas the remaining 59% of neurons exhibited no effect of leptin. Quinpirole 91-101 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 29611323-6 2018 In 41% of leptin-responsive neurons, leptin attenuated the reduced firing rate produced by quinpirole (100 nmol/L), whereas the remaining 59% of neurons exhibited no effect of leptin. Quinpirole 91-101 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 29611323-8 2018 In leptin-responsive neurons with positive leptin-induced attenuation of quinpirole effects, leptin-induced attenuation persisted for >20 min, whereas no such persistent attenuation was observed in other types of neurons. Quinpirole 73-83 leptin Mus musculus 3-9 29611323-8 2018 In leptin-responsive neurons with positive leptin-induced attenuation of quinpirole effects, leptin-induced attenuation persisted for >20 min, whereas no such persistent attenuation was observed in other types of neurons. Quinpirole 73-83 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 29611323-8 2018 In leptin-responsive neurons with positive leptin-induced attenuation of quinpirole effects, leptin-induced attenuation persisted for >20 min, whereas no such persistent attenuation was observed in other types of neurons. Quinpirole 73-83 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 29467755-6 2018 Leptin-induced neutrophil recruitment occurs both in the absence of 5-lipoxygenase activity in 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)-/- mice and after the administration of either 5-LO inhibitor (Zileuton) or the LTB4 receptor antagonist (U-75302). zileuton 180-188 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29467755-6 2018 Leptin-induced neutrophil recruitment occurs both in the absence of 5-lipoxygenase activity in 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)-/- mice and after the administration of either 5-LO inhibitor (Zileuton) or the LTB4 receptor antagonist (U-75302). U 75302 223-230 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29996716-7 2018 In contrast, we found that trehalose action on thermogenesis was independent of LEP (leptin) and the autophagy pathway, as there was robust thermogenic induction in trehalose-treated ob/ob, Becn1, Atg16l1, and Epg5 mutant mice. Trehalose 27-36 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 29593178-0 2018 Geranylgeranylacetone prevents stress-induced decline of leptin secretion in mice. geranylgeranylacetone 0-21 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 28622065-6 2018 Moreover, the hepatic glycogen of the leptin-gene-treated group was significantly increased in comparison to the control group. Glycogen 22-30 leptin Mus musculus 38-44 28891045-7 2018 Furthermore, leptin treatment for 9 days or more was sufficient to restore AgRP innervation to both the PVHmp and DMHv in Lepob/ob females, but only to the DMHv in Lepob/ob males. pvhmp 104-109 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 28891045-7 2018 Furthermore, leptin treatment for 9 days or more was sufficient to restore AgRP innervation to both the PVHmp and DMHv in Lepob/ob females, but only to the DMHv in Lepob/ob males. bis(N,N-dimethylhydroxamido)hydroxooxovanadate 114-118 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 28891045-7 2018 Furthermore, leptin treatment for 9 days or more was sufficient to restore AgRP innervation to both the PVHmp and DMHv in Lepob/ob females, but only to the DMHv in Lepob/ob males. bis(N,N-dimethylhydroxamido)hydroxooxovanadate 156-160 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 28373962-8 2017 In general, both modes of CR significantly reduced serum IL-6, TNF-alpha, IGF-I and leptin levels compared to AL with IL-6 levels 24 and 3.5 fold and TNF-alpha levels t 11 and 1.5 fold lower in ICR and CCR groups, respectively at study termination. Chromium 26-28 leptin Mus musculus 84-90 28973665-4 2017 Since increased glucose uptake is thought to underlie increased glycogen in LD, and since the adipocyte hormone leptin is known to positively regulate the glucose uptake in neurons, we reasoned that blocking leptin signaling might reduce the neuronal glucose uptake and ameliorate the LD pathology. Glucose 16-23 leptin Mus musculus 208-214 28973665-4 2017 Since increased glucose uptake is thought to underlie increased glycogen in LD, and since the adipocyte hormone leptin is known to positively regulate the glucose uptake in neurons, we reasoned that blocking leptin signaling might reduce the neuronal glucose uptake and ameliorate the LD pathology. Glycogen 64-72 leptin Mus musculus 208-214 28973665-4 2017 Since increased glucose uptake is thought to underlie increased glycogen in LD, and since the adipocyte hormone leptin is known to positively regulate the glucose uptake in neurons, we reasoned that blocking leptin signaling might reduce the neuronal glucose uptake and ameliorate the LD pathology. Glucose 155-162 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 28973665-4 2017 Since increased glucose uptake is thought to underlie increased glycogen in LD, and since the adipocyte hormone leptin is known to positively regulate the glucose uptake in neurons, we reasoned that blocking leptin signaling might reduce the neuronal glucose uptake and ameliorate the LD pathology. Glucose 155-162 leptin Mus musculus 208-214 28973665-4 2017 Since increased glucose uptake is thought to underlie increased glycogen in LD, and since the adipocyte hormone leptin is known to positively regulate the glucose uptake in neurons, we reasoned that blocking leptin signaling might reduce the neuronal glucose uptake and ameliorate the LD pathology. Glucose 155-162 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 28973665-4 2017 Since increased glucose uptake is thought to underlie increased glycogen in LD, and since the adipocyte hormone leptin is known to positively regulate the glucose uptake in neurons, we reasoned that blocking leptin signaling might reduce the neuronal glucose uptake and ameliorate the LD pathology. Glucose 155-162 leptin Mus musculus 208-214 29089444-4 2017 In male mice, using pathway-specific retrograde tracing, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and post hoc cell type identification, we found that leptin reduces excitatory synaptic strength onto both melanin-concentrating hormone- and orexin-expressing neurons projecting from the LHA to the ventral tegmental area (VTA), which may affect dopamine signaling and motivation for feeding. Dopamine 337-345 leptin Mus musculus 144-150 29089444-8 2017 These data revealed that leptin may regulate synaptic transmission in the LHA-to-VTA neurocircuitry in an inverted "U-shape" fashion dependent on plasma glucose levels and related to metabolic states.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) to ventral tegmental area (VTA) projection is an important neural pathway involved in balancing whole-body energy states and reward. Glucose 153-160 leptin Mus musculus 25-31 29123236-0 2017 Induction of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle by central leptin is mediated by muscle beta2-adrenergic receptor but not by AMPK. Glucose 13-20 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 29123236-1 2017 Leptin increases glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in red-type skeletal muscle. Glucose 17-24 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29123236-1 2017 Leptin increases glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in red-type skeletal muscle. Fatty Acids 36-46 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29123236-4 2017 Leptin injection into the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) increased 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) uptake in red-type skeletal muscle in wild-type (WT) mice accompanied with increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR) and Akt as well as of norepinephrine (NE) turnover in the muscle. Deoxyglucose 68-85 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29123236-4 2017 Leptin injection into the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) increased 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) uptake in red-type skeletal muscle in wild-type (WT) mice accompanied with increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR) and Akt as well as of norepinephrine (NE) turnover in the muscle. Deoxyglucose 87-90 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29123236-4 2017 Leptin injection into the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) increased 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) uptake in red-type skeletal muscle in wild-type (WT) mice accompanied with increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR) and Akt as well as of norepinephrine (NE) turnover in the muscle. Norepinephrine 244-258 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29123236-5 2017 Leptin-induced 2DG uptake was not observed in beta-AR-deficient (beta-less) mice despite that AMPK phosphorylation was increased in the muscle. Deoxyglucose 15-18 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29123236-6 2017 Forced expression of beta2-AR in the unilateral hind limb of beta-less mice restored leptin-induced glucose uptake and enhancement of insulin signalling in red-type skeletal muscle. Glucose 100-107 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 29123236-7 2017 Leptin increased 2DG uptake and enhanced insulin signalling in red-type skeletal muscle of mice expressing a dominant negative form of AMPK (DN-AMPK) in skeletal muscle. Deoxyglucose 17-20 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 29123236-8 2017 Thus, leptin increases glucose uptake and enhances insulin signalling in red-type skeletal muscle via activation of sympathetic nerves and beta2-AR in muscle and in a manner independent of muscle AMPK. Glucose 23-30 leptin Mus musculus 6-12 29109369-7 2017 Melatonin-treated groups revealed significant higher adiponectin in L group, and lower leptin/adiponectin ratio and leptin in M and H groups (p < 0.05). Melatonin 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 87-93 29109369-7 2017 Melatonin-treated groups revealed significant higher adiponectin in L group, and lower leptin/adiponectin ratio and leptin in M and H groups (p < 0.05). Melatonin 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 116-122 28477438-3 2017 In the present study, we investigated the temporal and regional onset of leptin resistance in response to a diet enriched with long-chain saturated fatty acids (high-fat diet; HFD) in mice. long-chain saturated fatty acids 127-159 leptin Mus musculus 73-79 29031717-8 2017 CONCLUSIONS: While leptin may be more effective than Gcgr siRNA at normalizing both glucose and lipid metabolism in STZ diabetes, Gcgr siRNA is more effective at reducing blood glucose levels in HFD/STZ diabetes. Glucose 84-91 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 28467789-0 2017 Chronic diabetic states worsen Alzheimer neuropathology and cognitive deficits accompanying disruption of calcium signaling in leptin-deficient APP/PS1 mice. Calcium 106-113 leptin Mus musculus 127-133 28467789-2 2017 The present work was undertaken to investigate whether calcium dyshomeostasis is associated with the exacerbated Alzheimer-like cognitive dysfunction observed in diabetic conditions in APP/PS1-ob/ob mice, which were generated by crossing ob/ob mice with APP/PS1 mice. Calcium 55-62 leptin Mus musculus 150-152 28739528-6 2017 Chronic leptin (50ng/ml) treatment in 3T3-L1 adipocytes decreased insulin-induced phosphorylation of nodal insulin signaling proteins along with reduced glucose uptake. Glucose 153-160 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 28739528-8 2017 Leptin treatment also increased both cellular and mitochondrial superoxide levels concomitant to increased expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2). Superoxides 64-74 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 28811502-0 2017 Sex Steroid Hormones Regulate Leptin Transcript Accumulation and Protein Secretion in 3T3-L1 Cells. Steroids 4-20 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 28811502-3 2017 One potential mechanism leading to this dimorphism is steroid hormone regulated synthesis of transcripts encoding leptin. Steroids 54-69 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 28811502-5 2017 We used well-characterized 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes to demonstrate that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) reduced Leptin (Lep) transcript abundance and cytosolic and secreted leptin protein. Dihydrotestosterone 72-91 leptin Mus musculus 106-112 28811502-5 2017 We used well-characterized 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes to demonstrate that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) reduced Leptin (Lep) transcript abundance and cytosolic and secreted leptin protein. Dihydrotestosterone 72-91 leptin Mus musculus 106-109 28811502-5 2017 We used well-characterized 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes to demonstrate that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) reduced Leptin (Lep) transcript abundance and cytosolic and secreted leptin protein. Dihydrotestosterone 93-96 leptin Mus musculus 106-112 28811502-5 2017 We used well-characterized 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes to demonstrate that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) reduced Leptin (Lep) transcript abundance and cytosolic and secreted leptin protein. Dihydrotestosterone 93-96 leptin Mus musculus 106-109 28811502-6 2017 The magnitude of this effect was greatest on secreted leptin, which was decreased by DHT to 30% of the control. Dihydrotestosterone 85-88 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 28811502-7 2017 In contrast, 17beta-estradiol significantly increased the abundance of transcripts encoding leptin and increased secreted leptin to 230% of the control. Estradiol 13-29 leptin Mus musculus 92-98 28811502-7 2017 In contrast, 17beta-estradiol significantly increased the abundance of transcripts encoding leptin and increased secreted leptin to 230% of the control. Estradiol 13-29 leptin Mus musculus 122-128 28811502-8 2017 Treatment with estrogen and androgen receptor antagonists had opposite effects on Lep transcript abundance to steroid treatments, indicating that these transcriptional effects are mediated through the canonical steroid hormone signaling pathways. Steroids 211-226 leptin Mus musculus 82-85 28811502-9 2017 These results indicate that short-term treatments with steroid hormones are sufficient to alter both Lep transcript accumulation and leptin protein secretion, and may play a role in the sexual dimorphism of this adipokine. Steroids 55-71 leptin Mus musculus 101-104 28811502-9 2017 These results indicate that short-term treatments with steroid hormones are sufficient to alter both Lep transcript accumulation and leptin protein secretion, and may play a role in the sexual dimorphism of this adipokine. Steroids 55-71 leptin Mus musculus 133-139 28374413-5 2017 These beneficial effects of leptin involve restoration of action potential duration via normalization of transient outward potassium current and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content via rescue of control sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase levels and ryanodine receptor function modulation, leading to normalization of Ca2+ handling parameters. Potassium 123-132 leptin Mus musculus 28-34 28645299-10 2017 Pyrosequencing demonstrated that the leptin promoter methylation of adipocytes was significantly increased in CAP-exposed male but not female offspring. cap 110-113 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 28139067-6 2017 S1P, sphingomyelin and L-carnitine were negatively correlated with body mass, leptin, insulin-like growth factor- 1 (IGF-1) and major urinary proteins (MUPs). Sphingomyelins 5-18 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 28139067-6 2017 S1P, sphingomyelin and L-carnitine were negatively correlated with body mass, leptin, insulin-like growth factor- 1 (IGF-1) and major urinary proteins (MUPs). Carnitine 23-34 leptin Mus musculus 78-84 30108811-1 2017 Carboxymethylated and sulfated polysaccharides (CLEP and SLEP) were prepared from an exopolysaccharide previously obtained from Lachnum YM240 (LEP) by chemical modifications. Polysaccharides 31-46 leptin Mus musculus 49-52 28100475-5 2017 Both moderate and high-volume exercise were able to reduce body fat and increase the mRNA and protein expression of LEP-JAK-STAT, but only moderate exercise significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of steroidogenic factor-1, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and P-450 side-chain cleavage enzyme and significantly reversed the serum testosterone-to-estradiol ratio and sperm quality parameters. Testosterone 354-366 leptin Mus musculus 116-119 28100475-5 2017 Both moderate and high-volume exercise were able to reduce body fat and increase the mRNA and protein expression of LEP-JAK-STAT, but only moderate exercise significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of steroidogenic factor-1, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and P-450 side-chain cleavage enzyme and significantly reversed the serum testosterone-to-estradiol ratio and sperm quality parameters. Estradiol 370-379 leptin Mus musculus 116-119 28100475-6 2017 These findings suggest that by impairing the testicular LEP-JAK-STAT pathway, early-stage obesity inhibits the biosynthesis of testosterone and sexual development and reduces male reproductive potential. Testosterone 127-139 leptin Mus musculus 56-59 27488462-12 2017 In conclusion, leptin deficiency attenuated IMQ-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in a mouse model, and leptin stimulation induced a pro-inflammatory phenotype in human keratinocytes, thus, supporting an aggravating role of leptin in psoriasis. Imiquimod 44-47 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 28131832-0 2017 Treatment of obese asthma in a mouse model by simvastatin is associated with improving dyslipidemia and decreasing leptin level. Simvastatin 46-57 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 28131832-9 2017 Correlation analysis shows that there is positive correlation between neutrophil percentage and serum leptin/cholesterol level, which indicates that the therapeutic efficacy of simvastatin on obese asthma might be associated with improving dyslipidemia and decreasing leptin level. Simvastatin 177-188 leptin Mus musculus 102-108 28131832-9 2017 Correlation analysis shows that there is positive correlation between neutrophil percentage and serum leptin/cholesterol level, which indicates that the therapeutic efficacy of simvastatin on obese asthma might be associated with improving dyslipidemia and decreasing leptin level. Simvastatin 177-188 leptin Mus musculus 268-274 30108811-1 2017 Carboxymethylated and sulfated polysaccharides (CLEP and SLEP) were prepared from an exopolysaccharide previously obtained from Lachnum YM240 (LEP) by chemical modifications. exopolysaccharide 85-102 leptin Mus musculus 49-52 30108811-5 2017 Moreover, compared with DC mice, TC concentrations in the high-dose groups of LEP, CLEP and SLEP were significantly decreased by 29.6%, 38.7% (P < 0.05), 33.0% (P < 0.05), and TG concentrations decreased by 18.9%, 43.9% (P < 0.01), 29.0% (P < 0.05), respectively. Technetium 33-35 leptin Mus musculus 78-81 28112679-7 2017 In contrast, the chronic glucose-lowering effect of leptin in a STZ-induced mouse model of poorly controlled T1D was associated with decreased food intake, reduced plasma glucagon and corticosterone concentrations, and decreased ectopic lipid (triacylglycerol/diacylglycerol) content in liver and muscle. Glucose 25-32 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 28112679-7 2017 In contrast, the chronic glucose-lowering effect of leptin in a STZ-induced mouse model of poorly controlled T1D was associated with decreased food intake, reduced plasma glucagon and corticosterone concentrations, and decreased ectopic lipid (triacylglycerol/diacylglycerol) content in liver and muscle. Streptozocin 64-67 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 28112679-7 2017 In contrast, the chronic glucose-lowering effect of leptin in a STZ-induced mouse model of poorly controlled T1D was associated with decreased food intake, reduced plasma glucagon and corticosterone concentrations, and decreased ectopic lipid (triacylglycerol/diacylglycerol) content in liver and muscle. Glucagon 171-179 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 28112679-7 2017 In contrast, the chronic glucose-lowering effect of leptin in a STZ-induced mouse model of poorly controlled T1D was associated with decreased food intake, reduced plasma glucagon and corticosterone concentrations, and decreased ectopic lipid (triacylglycerol/diacylglycerol) content in liver and muscle. Corticosterone 184-198 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 28112679-7 2017 In contrast, the chronic glucose-lowering effect of leptin in a STZ-induced mouse model of poorly controlled T1D was associated with decreased food intake, reduced plasma glucagon and corticosterone concentrations, and decreased ectopic lipid (triacylglycerol/diacylglycerol) content in liver and muscle. Triglycerides 244-259 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 28112679-7 2017 In contrast, the chronic glucose-lowering effect of leptin in a STZ-induced mouse model of poorly controlled T1D was associated with decreased food intake, reduced plasma glucagon and corticosterone concentrations, and decreased ectopic lipid (triacylglycerol/diacylglycerol) content in liver and muscle. Diglycerides 260-274 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 28585209-3 2017 Interestingly, , food preservatives like sodium sulfite and sodium benzoate and also natural colorant and spice compounds such as curcumin were found to decrease the release of leptin in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes, after co-incubation with LPS, which was added to mimic the pro-inflammatory status in obesity. sodium sulfite 41-55 leptin Mus musculus 177-183 28585209-3 2017 Interestingly, , food preservatives like sodium sulfite and sodium benzoate and also natural colorant and spice compounds such as curcumin were found to decrease the release of leptin in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes, after co-incubation with LPS, which was added to mimic the pro-inflammatory status in obesity. Sodium Benzoate 60-75 leptin Mus musculus 177-183 28585209-3 2017 Interestingly, , food preservatives like sodium sulfite and sodium benzoate and also natural colorant and spice compounds such as curcumin were found to decrease the release of leptin in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes, after co-incubation with LPS, which was added to mimic the pro-inflammatory status in obesity. Curcumin 130-138 leptin Mus musculus 177-183 27316329-0 2016 Leptin suppresses adenosine triphosphate-induced impairment of spinal cord astrocytes. Adenosine Triphosphate 18-40 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27717825-7 2017 Tunicamycin (TM) or thapsigargin (Tg) induced ER stress blunted leptin sensitivity and inhibited preadipocyte proliferation. Tunicamycin 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 27717825-7 2017 Tunicamycin (TM) or thapsigargin (Tg) induced ER stress blunted leptin sensitivity and inhibited preadipocyte proliferation. Tunicamycin 13-15 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 27717825-7 2017 Tunicamycin (TM) or thapsigargin (Tg) induced ER stress blunted leptin sensitivity and inhibited preadipocyte proliferation. Thapsigargin 20-32 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 27717825-7 2017 Tunicamycin (TM) or thapsigargin (Tg) induced ER stress blunted leptin sensitivity and inhibited preadipocyte proliferation. Thapsigargin 34-36 leptin Mus musculus 64-70 27782940-18 2016 Obesity and leptin deficiency substantially decreased morphine metabolism and clearance, and replacing leptin attenuated the PK changes associated with leptin deficiency, suggesting leptin has a direct role in morphine metabolism. Morphine 54-62 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 27782940-18 2016 Obesity and leptin deficiency substantially decreased morphine metabolism and clearance, and replacing leptin attenuated the PK changes associated with leptin deficiency, suggesting leptin has a direct role in morphine metabolism. Morphine 210-218 leptin Mus musculus 103-109 27616329-0 2016 Antagonizing effect of CLPABP on the function of HuR as a regulator of ARE-containing leptin mRNA stability and the effect of its depletion on obesity in old male mouse. clpabp 23-29 leptin Mus musculus 86-92 27616329-9 2016 Depletion of CLPABP disturbed the normal subcellular localization of HuR to stress granules, and overexpression of CLPABP induced instability of leptin mRNA by inhibiting HuR function. clpabp 115-121 leptin Mus musculus 145-151 27555288-0 2016 Palmitate-induced Endoplasmic Reticulum stress and subsequent C/EBPalpha Homologous Protein activation attenuates leptin and Insulin-like growth factor 1 expression in the brain. Palmitates 0-9 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 27555288-7 2016 However, the extent to which palmitate induces ER stress in the brain and attenuates leptin and IGF1 expression has not been determined. Palmitates 29-38 leptin Mus musculus 85-91 27555288-10 2016 We demonstrate that palmitate induces ER stress and decreases leptin and IGF1 expression by inducing the expression of CHOP. Palmitates 20-29 leptin Mus musculus 62-68 27555288-11 2016 The molecular chaperone 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an inhibitor of ER stress, precludes the palmitate-evoked down-regulation of leptin and IGF1 expression. 4-phenylbutyric acid 24-44 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 27555288-11 2016 The molecular chaperone 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an inhibitor of ER stress, precludes the palmitate-evoked down-regulation of leptin and IGF1 expression. 4-phenylbutyric acid 46-51 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 27555288-11 2016 The molecular chaperone 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an inhibitor of ER stress, precludes the palmitate-evoked down-regulation of leptin and IGF1 expression. Palmitates 95-104 leptin Mus musculus 131-137 27555288-12 2016 Furthermore, the activation of CHOP in response to ER stress is pivotal in the attenuation of leptin and IGF1 expression as knocking-down CHOP in mice or in SH-SY5Y and Neuro-2a (N2a) cells rescues the palmitate-induced mitigation in leptin and IGF1 expression. Palmitates 202-211 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 27644882-0 2016 Increased a-series gangliosides positively regulate leptin/Ob receptor-mediated signals in hypothalamus of GD3 synthase-deficient mice. Gangliosides 19-31 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 27644882-3 2016 In GD3 synthase-knockout (GD3S KO) mice, deletion of b-series gangliosides resulted in the reduction of serum leptin due to disturbed secretion from adipocytes. Gangliosides 62-74 leptin Mus musculus 110-116 27644882-6 2016 Leptin stimulation of hypothalamus-derived N-41 cells and their transfectants with GD3S cDNA showed that a-series gangliosides positively regulate leptin/ObR-mediated signals. Gangliosides 114-126 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27644882-6 2016 Leptin stimulation of hypothalamus-derived N-41 cells and their transfectants with GD3S cDNA showed that a-series gangliosides positively regulate leptin/ObR-mediated signals. Gangliosides 114-126 leptin Mus musculus 147-153 27644882-7 2016 Co-precipitation analysis revealed that ObR interacts with a-series gangliosides with increased association by leptin stimulation. Gangliosides 68-80 leptin Mus musculus 111-117 27644882-9 2016 These results suggested that leptin/ObRb-mediated signals were enhanced in hypothalamus of GD3S KO mice due to increased a-series gangliosides, leading to the apparently similar features of energy expenditure between the KO and wild type mice. a-series gangliosides 121-142 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 27588409-4 2016 Leptin-induced IL-8 production was sensitive to the ERK inhibitor PD980590 (10 mumol/L), p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 (20 mumol/L), and anti-ObR neutralizing antibody (4 mug/mL). pd980590 66-74 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27588409-4 2016 Leptin-induced IL-8 production was sensitive to the ERK inhibitor PD980590 (10 mumol/L), p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 (20 mumol/L), and anti-ObR neutralizing antibody (4 mug/mL). SB 203580 108-116 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27588409-8 2016 In a nude mice xenograft model of breast cancer (n = 5 per group), injection of leptin (0.1 mug/g) dramatically increased tumor volume and mass, reduced survival, exacerbated pulmonary metastasis, and elevated IL-8 and Ki67 expression in the tumor tissue (All P < 0.05) compared with PBS injection. Lead 287-290 leptin Mus musculus 80-86 27255472-14 2016 Leptin serum levels were lower in the metabolic-like syndrome-myoinositol/D-chiroinositol-treated mice compared with the placebo group (myoinositol/D-chiroinositol: 16985 +- 976.4 pg/dL vs placebo: 24181.9 +- 3128.2 pg/dL, P = .045). Inositol 62-73 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27255472-14 2016 Leptin serum levels were lower in the metabolic-like syndrome-myoinositol/D-chiroinositol-treated mice compared with the placebo group (myoinositol/D-chiroinositol: 16985 +- 976.4 pg/dL vs placebo: 24181.9 +- 3128.2 pg/dL, P = .045). d-chiroinositol 74-89 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27255472-14 2016 Leptin serum levels were lower in the metabolic-like syndrome-myoinositol/D-chiroinositol-treated mice compared with the placebo group (myoinositol/D-chiroinositol: 16985 +- 976.4 pg/dL vs placebo: 24181.9 +- 3128.2 pg/dL, P = .045). Inositol 136-147 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27255472-14 2016 Leptin serum levels were lower in the metabolic-like syndrome-myoinositol/D-chiroinositol-treated mice compared with the placebo group (myoinositol/D-chiroinositol: 16985 +- 976.4 pg/dL vs placebo: 24181.9 +- 3128.2 pg/dL, P = .045). d-chiroinositol 148-163 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27255472-18 2016 CONCLUSION: Combined inositol treatment during pregnancy improves blood pressure, glucose levels at the glucose tolerance test, and leptin levels in pregnant dams with metabolic-like syndrome phenotype but not in obese pregnant dams. Inositol 21-29 leptin Mus musculus 132-138 27793638-3 2017 In this study, we investigated the impact of T2DM on tau phosphorylation in ob/ob mice, a spontaneous genetic model of T2DM. uridine triacetate 53-56 leptin Mus musculus 76-78 27793638-8 2017 Our data indicate that tau hyperphosphorylation is predominately due to hypothermia consequent to impaired thermoregulation in ob/ob mice. uridine triacetate 23-26 leptin Mus musculus 127-129 27793638-8 2017 Our data indicate that tau hyperphosphorylation is predominately due to hypothermia consequent to impaired thermoregulation in ob/ob mice. uridine triacetate 23-26 leptin Mus musculus 130-132 27353597-8 2016 This effect was inhibited by a leptin antagonist (mutant L39A/D40A/F41A) and by ATP gated K(+) (KATP) channel closer glibenclamide, suggesting that leptin affects sweet taste responses of enteroendocrine cells via activation of leptin receptor and KATP channel expressed in these cells. Adenosine Triphosphate 80-83 leptin Mus musculus 148-154 27353597-8 2016 This effect was inhibited by a leptin antagonist (mutant L39A/D40A/F41A) and by ATP gated K(+) (KATP) channel closer glibenclamide, suggesting that leptin affects sweet taste responses of enteroendocrine cells via activation of leptin receptor and KATP channel expressed in these cells. Adenosine Triphosphate 80-83 leptin Mus musculus 148-154 27353597-8 2016 This effect was inhibited by a leptin antagonist (mutant L39A/D40A/F41A) and by ATP gated K(+) (KATP) channel closer glibenclamide, suggesting that leptin affects sweet taste responses of enteroendocrine cells via activation of leptin receptor and KATP channel expressed in these cells. Glyburide 117-130 leptin Mus musculus 148-154 27353597-8 2016 This effect was inhibited by a leptin antagonist (mutant L39A/D40A/F41A) and by ATP gated K(+) (KATP) channel closer glibenclamide, suggesting that leptin affects sweet taste responses of enteroendocrine cells via activation of leptin receptor and KATP channel expressed in these cells. Glyburide 117-130 leptin Mus musculus 148-154 27353597-10 2016 These results suggest that leptin modulates sweet taste responses of enteroendocrine cells to regulate nutrient sensing, hormone release and glucose absorption in the gut. Glucose 141-148 leptin Mus musculus 27-33 27651895-6 2016 RESULTS: A 30 % CR diet, relative to control diet, in nude mice resulted in significant decreases in body fat, blood glucose, and serum insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and leptin levels concurrent with increased adiponectin levels. Chromium 16-18 leptin Mus musculus 179-185 27381457-0 2016 Role of Exchange Protein Directly Activated by Cyclic AMP Isoform 1 in Energy Homeostasis: Regulation of Leptin Expression and Secretion in White Adipose Tissue. Cyclic AMP 47-57 leptin Mus musculus 105-111 27494408-3 2016 Using bisulfite sequencing, we found that CpG islands in the leptin promoter are highly methylated in 3T3-L1cells. hydrogen sulfite 6-15 leptin Mus musculus 61-67 27166928-6 2016 In addition, EPA and DHA enhanced the expression of leptin, adiponectin and apelin genes only in young cells. Eicosapentaenoic Acid 13-16 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 27166928-6 2016 In addition, EPA and DHA enhanced the expression of leptin, adiponectin and apelin genes only in young cells. Docosahexaenoic Acids 21-24 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 27689001-10 2016 Moreover, these data provide evidence for PI3K as a substrate for both leptin and adiponectin to regulate energy balance and glucose metabolism via melanocortin activity. Glucose 125-132 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 27494408-4 2016 5-azacytidine, an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase, markedly increased leptin expression as pre-adipocytes matured into adipocytes. Azacitidine 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 73-79 27494408-5 2016 Remarkably, leptin expression was stimulated by insulin in adipocytes derived from precursor cells exposed to 5-azacytidine, but suppressed by thiazolidinedione and dexamethasone. Azacitidine 110-123 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 27494408-5 2016 Remarkably, leptin expression was stimulated by insulin in adipocytes derived from precursor cells exposed to 5-azacytidine, but suppressed by thiazolidinedione and dexamethasone. 2,4-thiazolidinedione 143-160 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 27494408-5 2016 Remarkably, leptin expression was stimulated by insulin in adipocytes derived from precursor cells exposed to 5-azacytidine, but suppressed by thiazolidinedione and dexamethasone. Dexamethasone 165-178 leptin Mus musculus 12-18 27307576-7 2016 In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, DHA stimulated leptin expression whereas EPA induced adiponectin expression, suggesting that improved leptin/adiponectin balance may contribute to the protective effect of EPA. dehydroacetic acid 22-25 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 27444146-0 2016 Astragaloside IV improves lipid metabolism in obese mice by alleviation of leptin resistance and regulation of thermogenic network. astragaloside A 0-16 leptin Mus musculus 75-81 27330016-7 2016 Treatment of Lep(ob) /Lep(ob) mice with XPA.80.037 markedly reduced hyperphagia and body weight, normalized blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, and corrected dyslipidemia. Glucose 114-121 leptin Mus musculus 13-20 27330016-7 2016 Treatment of Lep(ob) /Lep(ob) mice with XPA.80.037 markedly reduced hyperphagia and body weight, normalized blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, and corrected dyslipidemia. Glucose 114-121 leptin Mus musculus 13-16 27126698-9 2016 CONCLUSIONS: Administration of trans-chalcone improved the consequences of atheroma plaque formation and liver fibrosis via increased expression of adiponectin, generation of higher levels of antioxidant enzymes, as well as modulation of serum leptin and lipid profiles. Chalcone 31-45 leptin Mus musculus 244-250 27183315-0 2016 Disrupted Leptin Signaling in the Lateral Hypothalamus and Ventral Premammillary Nucleus Alters Insulin and Glucagon Secretion and Protects Against Diet-Induced Obesity. Glucagon 108-116 leptin Mus musculus 10-16 27398599-8 2016 Notably, HFD-induced obese mice administered spiramycin showed substantial decreases in body weight gain, serum leptin levels, adipose tissue mass, and hepatic lipid accumulation. Spiramycin 45-55 leptin Mus musculus 112-118 27183315-8 2016 Peripheral leptin administration lowered blood glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Lepr(flox/flox) Syn-cre mice as effectively as in Lepr(flox/flox) littermate controls. Glucose 47-54 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 27183315-8 2016 Peripheral leptin administration lowered blood glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Lepr(flox/flox) Syn-cre mice as effectively as in Lepr(flox/flox) littermate controls. Streptozocin 58-72 leptin Mus musculus 11-17 27656409-6 2016 RESULTS: Leptin ameliorated STZ-induced hyperglycemia in both intact and vagotomised mice. Streptozocin 28-31 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 27656409-9 2016 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that leptin lowers blood glucose in insulin-deficient diabetes through a manner that does not require parasympathetic or sympathetic innervation, and thus imply that leptin lowers blood glucose through an alternative CNS-mediated mechanism or redundant target tissues. Glucose 60-67 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 27656409-9 2016 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that leptin lowers blood glucose in insulin-deficient diabetes through a manner that does not require parasympathetic or sympathetic innervation, and thus imply that leptin lowers blood glucose through an alternative CNS-mediated mechanism or redundant target tissues. Glucose 60-67 leptin Mus musculus 201-207 27656409-9 2016 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that leptin lowers blood glucose in insulin-deficient diabetes through a manner that does not require parasympathetic or sympathetic innervation, and thus imply that leptin lowers blood glucose through an alternative CNS-mediated mechanism or redundant target tissues. Glucose 221-228 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 27656409-9 2016 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that leptin lowers blood glucose in insulin-deficient diabetes through a manner that does not require parasympathetic or sympathetic innervation, and thus imply that leptin lowers blood glucose through an alternative CNS-mediated mechanism or redundant target tissues. Glucose 221-228 leptin Mus musculus 201-207 27656409-10 2016 Furthermore, we conclude that the glucose lowering action of leptin is independent of UCP1-dependent thermogenesis. Glucose 34-41 leptin Mus musculus 61-67 27082857-13 2016 Xenograft tumor-bearing mouse models showed that leptin significantly increased tumor volume, enhanced lung metastases, and increased expression of IL-8 and TAM markers, which were abolished by depletion of macrophages by clophosome-clodronate liposomes (CCL). tam 157-160 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 27082857-13 2016 Xenograft tumor-bearing mouse models showed that leptin significantly increased tumor volume, enhanced lung metastases, and increased expression of IL-8 and TAM markers, which were abolished by depletion of macrophages by clophosome-clodronate liposomes (CCL). clophosome-clodronate 222-243 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 27082857-13 2016 Xenograft tumor-bearing mouse models showed that leptin significantly increased tumor volume, enhanced lung metastases, and increased expression of IL-8 and TAM markers, which were abolished by depletion of macrophages by clophosome-clodronate liposomes (CCL). Cefaclor 255-258 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 27256735-16 2016 CONCLUSION: Leucine inhibits adipogenesis during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation by the regulation of lypolytic enzymes and leptin signaling pathway; however, leucine has no effect on adipogenesis when differentiation completed. Leucine 12-19 leptin Mus musculus 128-134 27188595-10 2016 Leptin increased basal WBCs, decreased basal and AMD3100-mobilized LSK cells, and had no effect on G-CSF. lsk 67-70 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27031872-0 2016 Desensitization of leptin receptors is coincident with the upregulation of dopamine-related genes in the prefrontal cortex of adolescent mice. Dopamine 75-83 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 27656409-0 2016 The role of autonomic efferents and uncoupling protein 1 in the glucose-lowering effect of leptin therapy. Glucose 64-71 leptin Mus musculus 91-97 27656409-4 2016 METHODS: To examine the role of parasympathetic and sympathetic efferents in the glucose-lowering action of leptin, mice with a subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or 6-hydroxydopamine induced chemical sympathectomy were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce hyperglycemia, and subsequently leptin treated. Glucose 81-88 leptin Mus musculus 108-114 27046042-3 2016 The HS diet group, as well as the HF diet one, showed tumor development and growth, increased skin matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and blood plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels, and decreased blood leptin and adiponectin levels after long-term UVB irradiation. hassio 4-6 leptin Mus musculus 210-216 27031872-3 2016 In contrast, leptin induced the upregulation of dopamine-related genes in the PFC, whereas it failed to modify the expression of these genes in the hippocampus. Dopamine 48-56 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 27031872-5 2016 Our data show that leptin receptor desensitization is coincident with the upregulation of dopamine-related genes in the PFC of adolescent mice undergoing hyperleptinaemia triggered by exogenous leptin. Dopamine 90-98 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 27031872-5 2016 Our data show that leptin receptor desensitization is coincident with the upregulation of dopamine-related genes in the PFC of adolescent mice undergoing hyperleptinaemia triggered by exogenous leptin. Dopamine 90-98 leptin Mus musculus 159-165 26953321-12 2016 Chronic leptin receptor antagonism reduced aldosterone levels. Aldosterone 43-54 leptin Mus musculus 8-14 26953321-0 2016 Leptin Induces Hypertension and Endothelial Dysfunction via Aldosterone-Dependent Mechanisms in Obese Female Mice. Aldosterone 60-71 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 27012203-7 2016 The mRNA expression of leptin was reduced in adipocyte by treatment with hyaluronan fragments. Hyaluronic Acid 73-83 leptin Mus musculus 23-29 26953321-10 2016 Hypersensitivity to leptin and obesity reduced BP response to ganglionic blockade in both strains and plasma catecholamine levels in protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b knockout mice. Catecholamines 109-122 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 26953321-11 2016 Hypersensitivity to leptin and obesity significantly increased plasma aldosterone levels and adrenal CYP11B2 expression. Aldosterone 70-81 leptin Mus musculus 20-26 26385227-18 2016 The combination of phenylephrine and leptin increased immobility time during FST and TST, and decreased SP. sp 104-106 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 26893251-4 2016 In vivo, cinnamaldehyde coadministration prevented HFD-induced body weight gain, decreased fasting-induced hyperphagia, as well as circulating leptin and leptin/ghrelin ratio. cinnamaldehyde 9-23 leptin Mus musculus 154-160 27012203-5 2016 Oral administration of hyaluronan fragments (200 mg/kg for 8 weeks) decreased body weight, adipose tissues, serum lipid (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride), and leptin level. Hyaluronic Acid 23-33 leptin Mus musculus 177-183 26945906-4 2016 We found that the graded CR manipulation resulted in upregulation of core circadian rhythm genes, which correlated negatively with circulating levels of leptin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Chromium 25-27 leptin Mus musculus 153-159 26824363-6 2016 In female mice, leptin suppressed plasma triglycerides and cholesterol but had no effect on plasma PCSK9. Triglycerides 41-54 leptin Mus musculus 16-22 26824363-6 2016 In female mice, leptin suppressed plasma triglycerides and cholesterol but had no effect on plasma PCSK9. Cholesterol 59-70 leptin Mus musculus 16-22 26824363-8 2016 In this case, leptin reduced plasma PCSK9 by 26% (298 +- 109 vs 221 +- 102 ng/mL; n = 8; P = .008), and the change in PCSK9 was correlated with a decrease in LDL cholesterol (r(2) = 0.564, P = .03). Cholesterol 162-173 leptin Mus musculus 14-20 26824363-10 2016 On the other hand, in lipodystrophic females, leptin treatment reduced plasma PCSK9 in parallel with LDL cholesterol. Cholesterol 105-116 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 26893251-9 2016 In conclusion, cinnamaldehyde increased adipose tissue lipolysis, decreased fasting-induced hyperphagia, normalized circulating levels of leptin/ghrelin ratio, and reduced inflammation in HFD-fed mice, which augurs well for its antiobesity role. cinnamaldehyde 15-29 leptin Mus musculus 138-144 26852231-12 2016 (18)F-FMCH uptake in plaques correlated with levels of total cholesterol, insulin, C-peptide and leptin. f-fmch 4-10 leptin Mus musculus 83-103 26696124-0 2016 Insulin Knockout Mice Have Extended Survival but Volatile Blood Glucose Levels on Leptin Therapy. Blood Glucose 58-71 leptin Mus musculus 82-88 26696124-4 2016 To directly assess this we maximized blockage of insulin action using an insulin receptor antagonist in combination with streptozotocin-diabetic mice; leptin treatment was still able to reduce blood glucose. Blood Glucose 193-206 leptin Mus musculus 151-157 26696124-7 2016 Leptin treatment reduced plasma corticosterone, glucagon, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, cholesterol, fatty acids and glycerol. Corticosterone 32-46 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26696124-7 2016 Leptin treatment reduced plasma corticosterone, glucagon, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, cholesterol, fatty acids and glycerol. Glucagon 48-56 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26696124-7 2016 Leptin treatment reduced plasma corticosterone, glucagon, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, cholesterol, fatty acids and glycerol. 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid 58-78 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26696124-7 2016 Leptin treatment reduced plasma corticosterone, glucagon, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, cholesterol, fatty acids and glycerol. Triglycerides 80-93 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26696124-7 2016 Leptin treatment reduced plasma corticosterone, glucagon, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, cholesterol, fatty acids and glycerol. Cholesterol 95-106 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26696124-7 2016 Leptin treatment reduced plasma corticosterone, glucagon, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, cholesterol, fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty Acids 108-119 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26696124-7 2016 Leptin treatment reduced plasma corticosterone, glucagon, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, cholesterol, fatty acids and glycerol. Glycerol 124-132 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26859361-0 2016 Hexim1, a Novel Regulator of Leptin Function, Modulates Obesity and Glucose Disposal. Glucose 68-75 leptin Mus musculus 29-35 26859361-1 2016 Leptin triggers signaling events with significant transcriptional responses that are essential to metabolic processes affecting obesity and glucose disposal. Glucose 140-147 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26628674-0 2016 Regulation of Blood Pressure, Appetite, and Glucose by Leptin After Inactivation of Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 Signaling in the Entire Brain or in Proopiomelanocortin Neurons. Glucose 44-51 leptin Mus musculus 55-61 26662513-0 2016 Dexamethasone treatment alters insulin, leptin, and adiponectin levels in male mice as observed in DIO but does not lead to alterations of metabolic phenotypes in the offspring. Dexamethasone 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 26492472-8 2016 In a second experiment, just four injections of PAS(600)-leptin (100 pmol/g) administered in 5- to 6-day intervals rectified the Lep(ob/ob) phenotype. pas(600) 48-56 leptin Mus musculus 129-132 26893251-4 2016 In vivo, cinnamaldehyde coadministration prevented HFD-induced body weight gain, decreased fasting-induced hyperphagia, as well as circulating leptin and leptin/ghrelin ratio. cinnamaldehyde 9-23 leptin Mus musculus 143-149 26521149-9 2016 Leptin-mediated reductions of plasma total and LDL-cholesterol (Chol) remained independent predictors for aortic root plaque area. Cholesterol 51-62 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26333285-5 2015 Furthermore, the consumption of agavins or inulin led to higher SCFA concentrations in the gut and modulated hormones such as GLP-1 and leptin involved in food intake regulation (P < 0.05). agavins 32-39 leptin Mus musculus 136-142 26673217-9 2015 Pretreatment with leptin neutralizing antibodies or with inhibitors of leptin signaling (AG-490 and Wortmannin) abrogated the alphaMUPA benefits. alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide 89-95 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 26673217-9 2015 Pretreatment with leptin neutralizing antibodies or with inhibitors of leptin signaling (AG-490 and Wortmannin) abrogated the alphaMUPA benefits. Wortmannin 100-110 leptin Mus musculus 71-77 26119995-6 2015 RESULTS: Leptin triggered mitochondrial fusion and alleviated high glucose-induced fatty acid accumulation in primary hepatocytes by promoting mitochondrial fusion-associated transcription factor peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor-alpha and co-activator peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor-gamma co-activator (PGC)-1alpha. Glucose 67-74 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 26119995-6 2015 RESULTS: Leptin triggered mitochondrial fusion and alleviated high glucose-induced fatty acid accumulation in primary hepatocytes by promoting mitochondrial fusion-associated transcription factor peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor-alpha and co-activator peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor-gamma co-activator (PGC)-1alpha. Fatty Acids 83-93 leptin Mus musculus 9-15 26470682-4 2015 Our data show that leptin activity in plasma and protein level in the lung were higher in hypoxia- and monocrotaline-induced PAH models compared with control animals. Monocrotaline 103-116 leptin Mus musculus 19-25 25968479-5 2015 Leptin deficient mice depicted permanently increased water diffusion parameters under all feeding conditions as compared to wild type controls, without important changes upon fasting or recovery. Water 53-58 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26116698-8 2015 In contrast, activating the KATP channel with diazoxide mimicked the sweet-suppressing effect of leptin. Diazoxide 46-55 leptin Mus musculus 97-103 26282459-0 2015 Dual action of leptin on rest-firing and stimulated catecholamine release via phosphoinositide 3-kinase-driven BK channel up-regulation in mouse chromaffin cells. Catecholamines 52-65 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 26282459-5 2015 During sustained stimulation, leptin preserves cell excitability by generating well-adapted action potential (AP) trains of lower frequency and broader width and increases catecholamine secretion by increasing the size of the ready-releasable pool and the rate of vesicle release. Catecholamines 172-185 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 26282459-6 2015 In conclusion, leptin dampens AP firing at rest but preserves AP firing and enhances catecholamine release during sustained stimulation, highlighting the importance of the adipo-adrenal axis in the leptin-mediated increase of sympathetic tone and catecholamine release. Catecholamines 85-98 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 26282459-6 2015 In conclusion, leptin dampens AP firing at rest but preserves AP firing and enhances catecholamine release during sustained stimulation, highlighting the importance of the adipo-adrenal axis in the leptin-mediated increase of sympathetic tone and catecholamine release. Catecholamines 85-98 leptin Mus musculus 198-204 26282459-6 2015 In conclusion, leptin dampens AP firing at rest but preserves AP firing and enhances catecholamine release during sustained stimulation, highlighting the importance of the adipo-adrenal axis in the leptin-mediated increase of sympathetic tone and catecholamine release. Catecholamines 247-260 leptin Mus musculus 15-21 26282459-6 2015 In conclusion, leptin dampens AP firing at rest but preserves AP firing and enhances catecholamine release during sustained stimulation, highlighting the importance of the adipo-adrenal axis in the leptin-mediated increase of sympathetic tone and catecholamine release. Catecholamines 247-260 leptin Mus musculus 198-204 26282459-8 2015 Besides being expressed in the hypothalamus and hippocampus, leptin receptors (ObRs) are also present in chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. chromaffin 105-115 leptin Mus musculus 61-67 26282459-9 2015 In the present study, we report the effect of leptin on mouse chromaffin cell (MCC) functionality, focusing on cell excitability and catecholamine secretion. chromaffin 62-72 leptin Mus musculus 46-52 26282459-19 2015 It dampens AP firing at rest but preserves AP firing and increases catecholamine secretion during sustained stimulation, highlighting the importance of the adipo-adrenal axis in the leptin-mediated increase of sympathetic tone and catecholamine release. Catecholamines 231-244 leptin Mus musculus 182-188 26341832-0 2015 Leptin Suppresses the Rewarding Effects of Running via STAT3 Signaling in Dopamine Neurons. Dopamine 74-82 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26341832-7 2015 Findings suggest that leptin influences the motivational effects of running via LepR-STAT3 modulation of dopamine tone. Dopamine 105-113 leptin Mus musculus 22-28 26445509-3 2015 (2015) show that disruption of leptin-regulated STAT3 signaling in midbrain dopamine neurons increases the rewarding effects of running in mice, which could explain the "high" experienced by endurance runners. Dopamine 76-84 leptin Mus musculus 31-37 26438799-2 2015 We have previously shown that systemic administration of leptin produces anxiolytic-like effects and deletion of the leptin receptor, LepRb, in midbrain dopamine neurons leads to an anxiogenic phenotype. Dopamine 153-161 leptin Mus musculus 117-123 26438799-9 2015 Blockade of JAK2/STAT3 signaling in the ventral tegmental area by AG490 attenuated the anxiolytic effect produced by systemic administration of leptin. alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide 66-71 leptin Mus musculus 144-150 26119043-0 2015 Leptin augments protective immune responses in murine macrophages and enhances potential of miltefosine against experimental visceral leishmaniasis. miltefosine 92-103 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26119043-3 2015 In the present study, we explored the in vitro immunomodulatory potential of an immunomodulator, leptin with lower concentration of standard drug, miltefosine. miltefosine 147-158 leptin Mus musculus 97-103 26119043-5 2015 Leptin at a concentration of 15mug/mL showed heightened level of Th1 cytokines and nitric oxide generation from murine macrophages (J-774A.1 cells). Nitric Oxide 83-95 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26119043-8 2015 Leptin plus miltefosine also induces the phagocytic ability (**p<0.01) of macrophages in comparison to leptin alone and miltefosine alone treated groups. miltefosine 123-134 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 26119043-9 2015 These finding illustrate that leptin activates host macrophages to generate protective immune response for the successful elimination of Leishmania parasite at lower concentration of miltefosine and has potential for further exploration in experimental animal model of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). miltefosine 183-194 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 26181103-10 2015 Pretreatment with 17beta-estradiol restored sensitivity to the effects of leptin on behavior and hippocampal Akt phosphorylation in ovariectomized female mice. Estradiol 18-34 leptin Mus musculus 74-80 26302162-0 2015 Ontogenic expression profiles and oxaliplatin regulation of leptin expression in mice dorsal root ganglion. Oxaliplatin 34-45 leptin Mus musculus 60-66 26302162-14 2015 In the current study, we found that the expression of leptin was increased in the lumbar 4-6 DRG of OXA-treated mice. Oxaliplatin 100-103 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 26301810-0 2015 Adipocyte iron regulates leptin and food intake. Iron 10-14 leptin Mus musculus 25-31 26381017-7 2015 Interestingly, the reflex increases in renal and lumbar SNA caused by sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hypotension was higher in the conscious phase versus the anesthetized state, whereas the increase in both renal and lumbar SNA evoked by leptin did not differ between anesthetized or conscious mice. Nitroprusside 70-90 leptin Mus musculus 242-248 26301810-2 2015 Here, we investigated the effect of iron on the hormone leptin, which regulates food intake and energy homeostasis. Iron 36-40 leptin Mus musculus 56-62 26301810-6 2015 Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with iron decreased leptin mRNA in a dose-dependent manner. Iron 36-40 leptin Mus musculus 51-57 26301810-7 2015 We found that iron negatively regulates leptin transcription via cAMP-responsive element binding protein activation (CREB activation) and identified 2 potential CREB-binding sites in the mouse leptin promoter region. Iron 14-18 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 26301810-7 2015 We found that iron negatively regulates leptin transcription via cAMP-responsive element binding protein activation (CREB activation) and identified 2 potential CREB-binding sites in the mouse leptin promoter region. Iron 14-18 leptin Mus musculus 193-199 26301810-7 2015 We found that iron negatively regulates leptin transcription via cAMP-responsive element binding protein activation (CREB activation) and identified 2 potential CREB-binding sites in the mouse leptin promoter region. Cyclic AMP 65-69 leptin Mus musculus 40-46 26301810-11 2015 These findings indicate that levels of dietary iron play an important role in regulation of appetite and metabolism through CREB-dependent modulation of leptin expression. Iron 47-51 leptin Mus musculus 153-159 26188166-12 2015 Ondansetron in obese mice inhibited glucose sensitivity in OGTT, improved plasma leptin and insulin sensitivity, reversed hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity by reducing the corticosterone concentration, restored brain pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant balance by inhibiting MDA and elevating GSH concentrations and facilitated serotonergic neurotransmission. Ondansetron 0-11 leptin Mus musculus 81-87 26310911-0 2015 FABP4 reversed the regulation of leptin on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in mice adipocytes. Fatty Acids 57-67 leptin Mus musculus 33-39 26310911-2 2015 However, the regulation mechanism between FABP4 and leptin on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation remains unclear. Fatty Acids 76-86 leptin Mus musculus 52-58 26310911-9 2015 Taken together, FABP4 could reverse the activation of the leptin-induced mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, and the inhibition of Akt/mTOR signal pathway played a key role in this process. Fatty Acids 87-97 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 26108327-1 2015 OBJECTIVE: To determine the changes in the expression of leptin and its receptor in the lungs of mice with varying degrees of asthma before and after budesonide treatment. Budesonide 150-160 leptin Mus musculus 57-63 26286956-7 2015 The average Tb over the last 20 days was significantly related to the levels of body fat, structural tissue, leptin and insulin-like growth factor-1. Terbium 12-14 leptin Mus musculus 109-115 25813215-11 2015 Additionally, OXA caused a delayed increase in plasma leptin levels, resulting in lower plasma insulin levels when blood glucose levels fell to baseline. Glucose 121-128 leptin Mus musculus 54-60 25813215-12 2015 CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: These results suggest that OXA might be a critical regulator of insulin, glucagon and leptin secretion in response to glucose. Glucose 146-153 leptin Mus musculus 114-120 26022682-6 2015 Mesenteric adipose tissue weight and serum leptin levels were significantly lowered by quercetin, hesperetin and anthocyanins. Quercetin 87-96 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 26022682-6 2015 Mesenteric adipose tissue weight and serum leptin levels were significantly lowered by quercetin, hesperetin and anthocyanins. hesperetin 98-108 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 26022682-6 2015 Mesenteric adipose tissue weight and serum leptin levels were significantly lowered by quercetin, hesperetin and anthocyanins. Anthocyanins 113-125 leptin Mus musculus 43-49 26012374-0 2015 Beneficial Effects of Supplementation of the Rare Sugar "D-allulose" Against Hepatic Steatosis and Severe Obesity in Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) Mice. Sugars 50-55 leptin Mus musculus 117-120 26012374-0 2015 Beneficial Effects of Supplementation of the Rare Sugar "D-allulose" Against Hepatic Steatosis and Severe Obesity in Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) Mice. psicose 57-67 leptin Mus musculus 117-120 26012374-0 2015 Beneficial Effects of Supplementation of the Rare Sugar "D-allulose" Against Hepatic Steatosis and Severe Obesity in Lep(ob)/Lep(ob) Mice. psicose 57-67 leptin Mus musculus 125-128 26035479-9 2015 The present study reveals a chronomodulatory role of leptin, and highlights that rhythmic leptin can be a determinant of daily variations of blood glucose and food intake, though not for lipids. Blood Glucose 141-154 leptin Mus musculus 90-96 26108327-13 2015 Budesonide can increase the expression of leptin receptor, but has no significant impact on the expression of leptin. Budesonide 0-10 leptin Mus musculus 42-48 25715699-0 2015 Leptin induces fasting hypoglycaemia in a mouse model of diabetes through the depletion of glycerol. Glycerol 91-99 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25715699-1 2015 AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Leptin has profound glucose-lowering effects in rodent models of type 1 diabetes, and is currently being tested clinically to treat this disease. Glucose 37-44 leptin Mus musculus 17-23 25715699-3 2015 Thus, we performed metabolic analyses to delineate the downstream metabolic pathway mediating leptin-induced glucose lowering in diabetic mice. Glucose 109-116 leptin Mus musculus 94-100 25715699-6 2015 RESULTS: STZ-leptin-treated mice developed severe hypoketotic hypoglycaemia during prolonged fasting, indicative of suppressed endogenous ketone and glucose production. Streptozocin 9-12 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 25715699-6 2015 RESULTS: STZ-leptin-treated mice developed severe hypoketotic hypoglycaemia during prolonged fasting, indicative of suppressed endogenous ketone and glucose production. Ketones 138-144 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 25715699-6 2015 RESULTS: STZ-leptin-treated mice developed severe hypoketotic hypoglycaemia during prolonged fasting, indicative of suppressed endogenous ketone and glucose production. Glucose 149-156 leptin Mus musculus 13-19 25537017-0 2015 Leptin"s effect on taste bud calcium responses and transmitter secretion. Calcium 29-36 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25537017-4 2015 Our results indicate that leptin moderately decreased sweet-evoked calcium mobilization in isolated mouse taste buds. Calcium 67-74 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 25537017-6 2015 Leptin reduced ATP and increased serotonin release in response to sweet stimulation. Adenosine Triphosphate 15-18 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25537017-6 2015 Leptin reduced ATP and increased serotonin release in response to sweet stimulation. Serotonin 33-42 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25715699-7 2015 STZ-leptin mice displayed normal gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic capacity, but had depleted circulating glycerol and NEFA. Streptozocin 0-3 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 25715699-7 2015 STZ-leptin mice displayed normal gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic capacity, but had depleted circulating glycerol and NEFA. Glycerol 105-113 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 25715699-7 2015 STZ-leptin mice displayed normal gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic capacity, but had depleted circulating glycerol and NEFA. Fatty Acids, Nonesterified 118-122 leptin Mus musculus 4-10 25715699-8 2015 The depletion of glycerol and NEFA correlated tightly with the kinetics of glucose lowering in response to chronic leptin administration, and was not mimicked by single leptin injection. Glycerol 17-25 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 25715699-8 2015 The depletion of glycerol and NEFA correlated tightly with the kinetics of glucose lowering in response to chronic leptin administration, and was not mimicked by single leptin injection. Glucose 75-82 leptin Mus musculus 115-121 25715699-9 2015 Administration of glycerol acutely reversed fasting-induced hypoglycaemia in leptin-treated mice. Glycerol 18-26 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 25715699-10 2015 CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The findings of this study suggest that the diminution of circulating glycerol reduces endogenous glucose production, contributing to severe fasting-induced hypoglycaemia in leptin-treated rodent models of type 1 diabetes, and support that depletion of glycerol contributes to the glucose-lowering action of leptin. Glycerol 98-106 leptin Mus musculus 202-208 25715699-10 2015 CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The findings of this study suggest that the diminution of circulating glycerol reduces endogenous glucose production, contributing to severe fasting-induced hypoglycaemia in leptin-treated rodent models of type 1 diabetes, and support that depletion of glycerol contributes to the glucose-lowering action of leptin. Glycerol 98-106 leptin Mus musculus 336-342 25715699-10 2015 CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The findings of this study suggest that the diminution of circulating glycerol reduces endogenous glucose production, contributing to severe fasting-induced hypoglycaemia in leptin-treated rodent models of type 1 diabetes, and support that depletion of glycerol contributes to the glucose-lowering action of leptin. Glucose 126-133 leptin Mus musculus 202-208 25715699-10 2015 CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The findings of this study suggest that the diminution of circulating glycerol reduces endogenous glucose production, contributing to severe fasting-induced hypoglycaemia in leptin-treated rodent models of type 1 diabetes, and support that depletion of glycerol contributes to the glucose-lowering action of leptin. Glycerol 281-289 leptin Mus musculus 202-208 25715699-10 2015 CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The findings of this study suggest that the diminution of circulating glycerol reduces endogenous glucose production, contributing to severe fasting-induced hypoglycaemia in leptin-treated rodent models of type 1 diabetes, and support that depletion of glycerol contributes to the glucose-lowering action of leptin. Glucose 309-316 leptin Mus musculus 202-208 25791744-0 2015 Chronic stress aggravates glucose intolerance in leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice. Glucose 26-33 leptin Mus musculus 49-55 25791744-8 2015 Altogether our results suggest that chronic stress can aggravate glucose intolerance but not obesity in genetically predisposed subjects on the basis of a disrupted leptin circuitry. Glucose 65-72 leptin Mus musculus 165-171 25724108-5 2015 We found that the icv administration of PA led to central leptin resistance, evidenced by the inhibition of central leptin"s suppression of food intake. Palmitic Acid 40-42 leptin Mus musculus 58-64 25724108-5 2015 We found that the icv administration of PA led to central leptin resistance, evidenced by the inhibition of central leptin"s suppression of food intake. Palmitic Acid 40-42 leptin Mus musculus 116-122 25724108-7 2015 Furthermore, the pre-administration of icv PA blunted the effect of leptin-induced decreases in mRNA expression related to gluconeogenesis (G6Pase and PEPCK), glucose transportation (GLUT2) and lipogenesis (FAS and SCD1) in the liver of mice. Glucose 159-166 leptin Mus musculus 68-74 25724108-8 2015 Therefore, elevated central PA concentrations can induce pro-inflammatory responses and leptin resistance, which are associated with disorders of energy homeostasis in the liver as a result of diet-induced obesity. Palmitic Acid 28-30 leptin Mus musculus 88-94 25645056-2 2015 The importance of leptin for respiratory control is evident by the fact that leptin deficient mice exhibit impaired ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide (CO2), which can be corrected by intracerebroventricular leptin replacement therapy. Carbon Dioxide 141-155 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 25724108-0 2015 Palmitic acid induces central leptin resistance and impairs hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in male mice. Palmitic Acid 0-13 leptin Mus musculus 30-36 25724108-2 2015 A diet high in saturated fats can induce inflammation and impair leptin signaling in the hypothalamus. saturated fats 15-29 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 25677621-0 2015 b-Series gangliosides crucially regulate leptin secretion in adipose tissues. Gangliosides 9-21 leptin Mus musculus 41-47 25677621-3 2015 Genetic deletion of b-series gangliosides resulted in the marked reduction of serum leptin. Gangliosides 29-41 leptin Mus musculus 84-90 25677621-6 2015 Interestingly, addition of b-series gangliosides to the culture medium of differentiated SVF resulted in the restoration of leptin secretion. b-series gangliosides 27-48 leptin Mus musculus 124-130 25677621-7 2015 Results of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin treatment of differentiated 3T3-L1 cells as well as immunocytostaining of leptin and caveolin-1 suggested that b-series gangliosides regulate the leptin secretion from adipose tissues in lipid rafts. Gangliosides 156-168 leptin Mus musculus 110-116 25677621-7 2015 Results of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin treatment of differentiated 3T3-L1 cells as well as immunocytostaining of leptin and caveolin-1 suggested that b-series gangliosides regulate the leptin secretion from adipose tissues in lipid rafts. Gangliosides 156-168 leptin Mus musculus 182-188 25645056-2 2015 The importance of leptin for respiratory control is evident by the fact that leptin deficient mice exhibit impaired ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide (CO2), which can be corrected by intracerebroventricular leptin replacement therapy. Carbon Dioxide 141-155 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 25645056-2 2015 The importance of leptin for respiratory control is evident by the fact that leptin deficient mice exhibit impaired ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide (CO2), which can be corrected by intracerebroventricular leptin replacement therapy. Carbon Dioxide 141-155 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 25645056-2 2015 The importance of leptin for respiratory control is evident by the fact that leptin deficient mice exhibit impaired ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide (CO2), which can be corrected by intracerebroventricular leptin replacement therapy. Carbon Dioxide 157-160 leptin Mus musculus 18-24 25645056-2 2015 The importance of leptin for respiratory control is evident by the fact that leptin deficient mice exhibit impaired ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide (CO2), which can be corrected by intracerebroventricular leptin replacement therapy. Carbon Dioxide 157-160 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 25645056-2 2015 The importance of leptin for respiratory control is evident by the fact that leptin deficient mice exhibit impaired ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide (CO2), which can be corrected by intracerebroventricular leptin replacement therapy. Carbon Dioxide 157-160 leptin Mus musculus 77-83 25199621-0 2015 Leptin administration activates irisin-induced myogenesis via nitric oxide-dependent mechanisms, but reduces its effect on subcutaneous fat browning in mice. Nitric Oxide 62-74 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25577467-10 2015 RESULTS: We found that cholesterol significantly increased serum leptin, interleukin-6, liver weight and liver weight/body weight ratio, fibrosis and liver alpha-SMA. Cholesterol 23-34 leptin Mus musculus 65-71 25199621-5 2015 Leptin upregulated Fndc5 expression through nitric oxide (NO)-dependent mechanisms in murine C2C12 myocytes and stimulated both basal and irisin-stimulated myogenesis, as evidenced by increased myocyte cell proliferation, higher myogenin and myonectin transcript levels together with lower mRNA expression of myostatin and dystrophin and the muscle atrophy-related factors MuRF1 and MAFbx. Nitric Oxide 44-56 leptin Mus musculus 0-6 25745505-11 2015 Plasma leptin and leptin mRNA in adipose depots were also decreased in mice fed a naringenin diet. naringenin 82-92 leptin Mus musculus 7-13 25745505-11 2015 Plasma leptin and leptin mRNA in adipose depots were also decreased in mice fed a naringenin diet. naringenin 82-92 leptin Mus musculus 18-24