PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	comp_official_name	comp_offset	protein_name	organism	prot_offset
2508560-8	1989	This mutation is theoretically equivalent to reversion of the Gly to Val transforming mutation of the cellular form of the ras gene product p21, a protein proposed to be structurally similar to EF-Tu in the GDP binding domain.	Glycine	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
2483936-3	1989	The mRNA expression of the transgenes was detected in two tumors obtained after introduction of the DNA fragment containing the activated human c-Ha-ras gene for p21 with valine at the 12th codon or with leucine at the 61st codon.	Valine	171-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
2692710-2	1989	We have previously assigned all five glycine resonances located in loops directly involved in binding of guanosine diphosphate in the wild-type p21 protein [Campbell-Burk, S., Papastavros, M. Z., McCormick, F., & Redfield, A. G. (1989) Proc.	Glycine	37-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
2692710-2	1989	We have previously assigned all five glycine resonances located in loops directly involved in binding of guanosine diphosphate in the wild-type p21 protein [Campbell-Burk, S., Papastavros, M. Z., McCormick, F., & Redfield, A. G. (1989) Proc.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
2692710-7	1989	In this report, the corresponding glycine resonances in the p21 mutant have been assigned, and spectral differences between normal and mutant p21-guanosine diphosphate (p21.GDP) complexes have been investigated.	Glycine	34-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
2692710-7	1989	In this report, the corresponding glycine resonances in the p21 mutant have been assigned, and spectral differences between normal and mutant p21-guanosine diphosphate (p21.GDP) complexes have been investigated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
2692710-7	1989	In this report, the corresponding glycine resonances in the p21 mutant have been assigned, and spectral differences between normal and mutant p21-guanosine diphosphate (p21.GDP) complexes have been investigated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-176
2692710-10	1989	Two of the five active-site glycines in wild-type p21.GDP have very slow amide proton exchange rates with water (kappa less than 2.8 x 10(-5) s-1).	Glycine	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
2692710-10	1989	Two of the five active-site glycines in wild-type p21.GDP have very slow amide proton exchange rates with water (kappa less than 2.8 x 10(-5) s-1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
2692710-10	1989	Two of the five active-site glycines in wild-type p21.GDP have very slow amide proton exchange rates with water (kappa less than 2.8 x 10(-5) s-1).	Amides	73-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
2692710-10	1989	Two of the five active-site glycines in wild-type p21.GDP have very slow amide proton exchange rates with water (kappa less than 2.8 x 10(-5) s-1).	Water	106-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
2692710-11	1989	The active-site glycines are located in solvent-exposed loops, so their apparent solvent inaccessibility may result from strong hydrogen bond formation between glycine amide protons and bound guanine diphosphate and/or other nearby groups in p21.	Glycine	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
2692710-11	1989	The active-site glycines are located in solvent-exposed loops, so their apparent solvent inaccessibility may result from strong hydrogen bond formation between glycine amide protons and bound guanine diphosphate and/or other nearby groups in p21.	Hydrogen	128-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
2692710-11	1989	The active-site glycines are located in solvent-exposed loops, so their apparent solvent inaccessibility may result from strong hydrogen bond formation between glycine amide protons and bound guanine diphosphate and/or other nearby groups in p21.	glycine amide	160-173	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
2692710-11	1989	The active-site glycines are located in solvent-exposed loops, so their apparent solvent inaccessibility may result from strong hydrogen bond formation between glycine amide protons and bound guanine diphosphate and/or other nearby groups in p21.	guanine diphosphate	192-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
2691018-5	1989	A point mutation at this location corresponds to a substitution of histidine for glutamine in the N-ras gene product, p21.	Histidine	67-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
2691018-5	1989	A point mutation at this location corresponds to a substitution of histidine for glutamine in the N-ras gene product, p21.	Glutamine	81-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
2561364-1	1989	Purified membrane-bound Na,K-ATPase incubated with cobalt-tetrammine-ATP [Co(NH3)4ATP], which is a stable MgATP complex analog, shows two new types of membrane crystals, a new p21 form and a p4 form.	cobalt-tetrammine-atp	51-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
2561364-1	1989	Purified membrane-bound Na,K-ATPase incubated with cobalt-tetrammine-ATP [Co(NH3)4ATP], which is a stable MgATP complex analog, shows two new types of membrane crystals, a new p21 form and a p4 form.	tetraamminecobalt(III)ATP	74-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
2561364-1	1989	Purified membrane-bound Na,K-ATPase incubated with cobalt-tetrammine-ATP [Co(NH3)4ATP], which is a stable MgATP complex analog, shows two new types of membrane crystals, a new p21 form and a p4 form.	Adenosine Triphosphate	106-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
2692710-1	1989	[15N]Glycine was biosynthetically incorporated into normal cellular N-ras p21 and a position 12 transforming mutant, in order to produce p21 proteins containing several site-specific NMR probes at or near activating positions in the guanine nucleotide binding domain.	[15n]glycine	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
2692710-1	1989	[15N]Glycine was biosynthetically incorporated into normal cellular N-ras p21 and a position 12 transforming mutant, in order to produce p21 proteins containing several site-specific NMR probes at or near activating positions in the guanine nucleotide binding domain.	[15n]glycine	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
2508560-8	1989	This mutation is theoretically equivalent to reversion of the Gly to Val transforming mutation of the cellular form of the ras gene product p21, a protein proposed to be structurally similar to EF-Tu in the GDP binding domain.	Valine	69-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
2508560-8	1989	This mutation is theoretically equivalent to reversion of the Gly to Val transforming mutation of the cellular form of the ras gene product p21, a protein proposed to be structurally similar to EF-Tu in the GDP binding domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
2508560-10	1989	We conclude that the tertiary structure model is correct in its assignment of the pyrophosphate binding site to residues 23-27; however, there are likely to be some significant differences between the configurations of the GTPases of EF-Tu and p21.	diphosphoric acid	82-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	244-247
2668035-0	1989	Conformational changes occurring in N-ras p21 in response to binding of guanine nucleotide and metal ions probed by proteolysis performed under controlled conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
2681210-7	1989	Furthermore, this band is sensitive to hydroxylamine treatment and shows specific incorporation of [3H]palmitate, strongly suggesting that it is the palmitoylated form of p21, which is the biologically active form of the protein.	Hydroxylamine	39-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
2681210-7	1989	Furthermore, this band is sensitive to hydroxylamine treatment and shows specific incorporation of [3H]palmitate, strongly suggesting that it is the palmitoylated form of p21, which is the biologically active form of the protein.	[3h]palmitate	99-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
2682005-7	1989	Glycine----arginine mutation and glycine----valine mutation of codon 12 in ras p21 was observed in 40 and 31% of colon cancers, respectively.	Glycine	33-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
2682005-7	1989	Glycine----arginine mutation and glycine----valine mutation of codon 12 in ras p21 was observed in 40 and 31% of colon cancers, respectively.	Valine	44-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
2684162-2	1989	The inhibitory activity of full-length p21s was much weaker than that of truncated p21s, however, the inhibitory activity was potentiated after denaturation with 8 M urea and 2 M NaCl followed by renaturation.	Urea	166-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
2684162-2	1989	The inhibitory activity of full-length p21s was much weaker than that of truncated p21s, however, the inhibitory activity was potentiated after denaturation with 8 M urea and 2 M NaCl followed by renaturation.	Sodium Chloride	179-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
2476675-0	1989	Structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21 in the triphosphate conformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
2476675-0	1989	Structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21 in the triphosphate conformation.	triphosphoric acid	93-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
2476675-1	1989	The crystal structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of p21 (amino acids 1-166) complexed to the guanosine triphosphate analogue guanosine-5"-(beta, gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNp) has been determined at a resolution of 2.6 A.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
2476675-1	1989	The crystal structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of p21 (amino acids 1-166) complexed to the guanosine triphosphate analogue guanosine-5"-(beta, gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNp) has been determined at a resolution of 2.6 A.	Guanosine Triphosphate	107-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
2476675-1	1989	The crystal structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of p21 (amino acids 1-166) complexed to the guanosine triphosphate analogue guanosine-5"-(beta, gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNp) has been determined at a resolution of 2.6 A.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	139-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
2476675-1	1989	The crystal structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of p21 (amino acids 1-166) complexed to the guanosine triphosphate analogue guanosine-5"-(beta, gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNp) has been determined at a resolution of 2.6 A.	LHRH (1-6)	185-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
2502546-2	1989	The resulting G-binding domain, p21 (1-166) = p21C", can be crystallized as a complex with the slowly hydrolyzing GTP analogues guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate, guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-methylene]triphosphate, and guanosin-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate).	Guanosine Triphosphate	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
2502546-2	1989	The resulting G-binding domain, p21 (1-166) = p21C", can be crystallized as a complex with the slowly hydrolyzing GTP analogues guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate, guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-methylene]triphosphate, and guanosin-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate).	guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate	128-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
2502546-2	1989	The resulting G-binding domain, p21 (1-166) = p21C", can be crystallized as a complex with the slowly hydrolyzing GTP analogues guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate, guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-methylene]triphosphate, and guanosin-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate).	guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-methylene]triphosphate	172-218	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
2502546-2	1989	The resulting G-binding domain, p21 (1-166) = p21C", can be crystallized as a complex with the slowly hydrolyzing GTP analogues guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate, guanosin-5"-[beta,gamma-methylene]triphosphate, and guanosin-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate).	guanosin-5"-o-(3-thiotriphosphate	224-257	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
2668035-0	1989	Conformational changes occurring in N-ras p21 in response to binding of guanine nucleotide and metal ions probed by proteolysis performed under controlled conditions.	Metals	95-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
2668035-4	1989	Some capacity to bind guanine nucleotide is also retained by p21 treated with 7 M urea, as evidenced by increased resistance to proteolytic degradation, but the ability to bind divalent cations is irreversibly lost following denaturation.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
2668035-4	1989	Some capacity to bind guanine nucleotide is also retained by p21 treated with 7 M urea, as evidenced by increased resistance to proteolytic degradation, but the ability to bind divalent cations is irreversibly lost following denaturation.	Urea	82-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
2509438-1	1989	In the cocrystal formed by 7-methylguanosine-5"-phosphate.phenylalanine.6H2O, the interactions between guanine and phenylalanine are similar to those observed in the complex of ribonuclease T1 with 2"-guanylic acids, and those of the two G-proteins, Elongation Factor-Tu and ras oncogene p21, with GDP.	Phenylalanine	58-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	288-291
2509438-1	1989	In the cocrystal formed by 7-methylguanosine-5"-phosphate.phenylalanine.6H2O, the interactions between guanine and phenylalanine are similar to those observed in the complex of ribonuclease T1 with 2"-guanylic acids, and those of the two G-proteins, Elongation Factor-Tu and ras oncogene p21, with GDP.	6h2o	72-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	288-291
2509438-1	1989	In the cocrystal formed by 7-methylguanosine-5"-phosphate.phenylalanine.6H2O, the interactions between guanine and phenylalanine are similar to those observed in the complex of ribonuclease T1 with 2"-guanylic acids, and those of the two G-proteins, Elongation Factor-Tu and ras oncogene p21, with GDP.	7-methylguanosine-5'-monophosphate	27-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	288-291
2509438-1	1989	In the cocrystal formed by 7-methylguanosine-5"-phosphate.phenylalanine.6H2O, the interactions between guanine and phenylalanine are similar to those observed in the complex of ribonuclease T1 with 2"-guanylic acids, and those of the two G-proteins, Elongation Factor-Tu and ras oncogene p21, with GDP.	Guanine	103-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	288-291
2509438-1	1989	In the cocrystal formed by 7-methylguanosine-5"-phosphate.phenylalanine.6H2O, the interactions between guanine and phenylalanine are similar to those observed in the complex of ribonuclease T1 with 2"-guanylic acids, and those of the two G-proteins, Elongation Factor-Tu and ras oncogene p21, with GDP.	Phenylalanine	115-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	288-291
2509438-1	1989	In the cocrystal formed by 7-methylguanosine-5"-phosphate.phenylalanine.6H2O, the interactions between guanine and phenylalanine are similar to those observed in the complex of ribonuclease T1 with 2"-guanylic acids, and those of the two G-proteins, Elongation Factor-Tu and ras oncogene p21, with GDP.	2'-guanylic acid	198-215	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	288-291
2474786-7	1989	When R256 was used to test for expression of arginine-12 p21 in tissues of transgenic mice containing an MMTV/v-Harvey-ras transgene, the monoclonal antibody was able to determine that the arginine-12 p21 transgene product was present in breast tumors but not in normal tissues.	arginine-12	189-200	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
2474786-8	1989	The ability of R256 to react specifically with arginine-12 p21 may prove to be valuable in the study of ras oncogenesis in model systems and in determining the presence of arginine-12 p21 in human tumors.	arginine-12	47-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
2474786-5	1989	R256 binds the activated Kirsten p21 in human lung tumor cell line A2182, which contains an activated arginine-12 p21.	arginine-12	102-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
2474786-8	1989	The ability of R256 to react specifically with arginine-12 p21 may prove to be valuable in the study of ras oncogenesis in model systems and in determining the presence of arginine-12 p21 in human tumors.	arginine-12	172-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
2474786-5	1989	R256 binds the activated Kirsten p21 in human lung tumor cell line A2182, which contains an activated arginine-12 p21.	arginine-12	102-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
2467732-3	1989	An immunohistochemical study of ras p21 expression was carried out on paraffin sections of 54 human breast carcinomas using monoclonal antibodies to p21.	Paraffin	70-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
2663468-2	1989	The primary translation product pro-p21 is cytosolic and is rapidly converted to a cytosolic form (c-p21) of higher mobility on SDS-PAGE.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	128-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
2785386-0	1989	Comparison of the conformation and GTP hydrolysing ability of N-terminal ras p21 protein segments.	Guanosine Triphosphate	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
2785386-4	1989	Results suggest that restriction of conformational adaptation may contribute to the transforming capacity of the Val-12 p21 protein.	Valine	113-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
2663468-2	1989	The primary translation product pro-p21 is cytosolic and is rapidly converted to a cytosolic form (c-p21) of higher mobility on SDS-PAGE.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	128-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
2686707-0	1989	Comparison of the computed structures for the phosphate-binding loop of the p21 protein containing the oncogenic site Gly 12 with the X-ray crystallographic structures for this region in the p21 protein and EFtu.	Phosphates	46-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
2686707-0	1989	Comparison of the computed structures for the phosphate-binding loop of the p21 protein containing the oncogenic site Gly 12 with the X-ray crystallographic structures for this region in the p21 protein and EFtu.	Glycine	118-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
2686707-2	1989	The GTP-binding p21 protein encoded by the ras-oncogene can be activated to cause malignant transformation of cells by substitution of a single amino acid at critical positions along the polypeptide chain.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
2686707-7	1989	We show that many computed structures for the Gly 12-containing phosphate binding loop, segment 9-15, are superimposable on the corresponding segment of the recently determined X-ray crystallographic structure for residues 1-171 of the p21 protein.	Glycine	46-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
2686707-7	1989	We show that many computed structures for the Gly 12-containing phosphate binding loop, segment 9-15, are superimposable on the corresponding segment of the recently determined X-ray crystallographic structure for residues 1-171 of the p21 protein.	Phosphates	64-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
2686707-9	1989	Other computed conformations for the 9-15 segment were superimposable on the structure of the corresponding 18-23 segment of EFtu, the bacterial chain elongation factor having structural similarities to the p21 protein in the phosphate-binding regions.	Phosphates	226-235	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
2686707-10	1989	This segment contains a Val residue where a Gly occurs in the p21 protein.	Valine	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
2686707-10	1989	This segment contains a Val residue where a Gly occurs in the p21 protein.	Glycine	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
2686707-12	1989	If these structures that are superimposable on EFtu are introduced into the p21 protein structure, bad contacts occur between the sidechain of the residue (here Val) at position 12 and another phosphate binding loop region around position 61.	Valine	161-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
2686707-12	1989	If these structures that are superimposable on EFtu are introduced into the p21 protein structure, bad contacts occur between the sidechain of the residue (here Val) at position 12 and another phosphate binding loop region around position 61.	Phosphates	193-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
2686707-15	1989	In addition, such phenomena as autophosphorylation of the p21 protein by GTP can be explained with this new model structure for the activated protein which cannot be explained by the structure for the non-activated protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
2644645-1	1989	A sample of Escherichia coli-expressed human N-RAS-encoded p21, a 21-kDa protein, was selectively labeled with 15N at each of the 14 glycine amide positions.	15n	111-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
2471068-1	1989	We have generated deletion mutants of the H-ras p21 protein which lack residues 58 to 63 or 64 to 68 and contain either the normal glycine or an activating mutation, arginine, at position 12.	Glycine	131-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
2471068-1	1989	We have generated deletion mutants of the H-ras p21 protein which lack residues 58 to 63 or 64 to 68 and contain either the normal glycine or an activating mutation, arginine, at position 12.	Arginine	166-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
2495001-0	1989	ras p21 and other Gn proteins are detected in mammalian cell lines by [gamma-35S]GTP gamma S binding.	[gamma-35s]gtp	70-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
2669815-1	1989	Substitutions of amino acids for Gly 12 or Gly 13 in the ras oncogene-encoded P21 proteins have been demonstrated to produce unique structural changes in these proteins that correlate with their ability to produce cell transformation.	Glycine	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
2669815-1	1989	Substitutions of amino acids for Gly 12 or Gly 13 in the ras oncogene-encoded P21 proteins have been demonstrated to produce unique structural changes in these proteins that correlate with their ability to produce cell transformation.	Glycine	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
2669815-2	1989	For example, the P21 proteins with Arg 12 or Val 13 are both known to be actively transforming.	Arginine	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
2669815-2	1989	For example, the P21 proteins with Arg 12 or Val 13 are both known to be actively transforming.	Valine	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
2669815-4	1989	In this study, we examine the structural effects of these substitutions on the amino terminal hydrophobic decapeptide (Leu 6-Gly 15) of P21 using conformational energy analysis.	leu 6-gly	119-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
2644645-1	1989	A sample of Escherichia coli-expressed human N-RAS-encoded p21, a 21-kDa protein, was selectively labeled with 15N at each of the 14 glycine amide positions.	glycine amide	133-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
2535967-5	1989	GAP interacts with p21 proteins (normal and mutant) in a GTP-dependent fashion.	Guanosine Triphosphate	57-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
2535967-7	1989	It remains possible that GAP simply regulates p21-GTP levels, and binds to the same site as the true effector without transmitting a downstream signal.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
2535967-10	1989	Perhaps GAP is an enzyme (or is bound to an enzyme) that acts on membrane components in a p21-GTP-dependent manner and in doing so transmits signals to other downstream effectors.	Guanosine Triphosphate	94-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
2671311-1	1989	Antisense methylphosphonate-modified oligomers (ONMP) complementary to 8 nucleotides spanning the twelfth amino acid codon of human c-Ha-ras have been synthesized to explore their inhibitory effect on ras p21 translation.	methylphosphonic acid	10-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
2642607-2	1989	To understand the structural reasons behind cell transformation arising from this single amino acid substitution, we have determined the crystal structure of the GDP-bound form of the mutant protein, p21(Val-12), encoded by this oncogene.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
2642607-2	1989	To understand the structural reasons behind cell transformation arising from this single amino acid substitution, we have determined the crystal structure of the GDP-bound form of the mutant protein, p21(Val-12), encoded by this oncogene.	Valine	204-207	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
2642607-3	1989	We report here the overall structure of p21(Val-12) at 2.2 A resolution and compare it with the structure of the normal c-Ha-ras protein.	Valine	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
2462857-2	1989	Therefore, we evaluated the expression of p21 in formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded prostatic tissue using a commercially available polyclonal antiserum prepared in sheep.	Formaldehyde	49-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
2462857-2	1989	Therefore, we evaluated the expression of p21 in formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded prostatic tissue using a commercially available polyclonal antiserum prepared in sheep.	Paraffin	69-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
2550600-2	1989	To investigate the role of ras p21 product expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we have localized ras p21 in formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded normal and abnormal livers utilizing the avidin-biotin peroxidase method and a monoclonal antibody to ras-gene product p21.	Formaldehyde	124-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
2550600-2	1989	To investigate the role of ras p21 product expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we have localized ras p21 in formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded normal and abnormal livers utilizing the avidin-biotin peroxidase method and a monoclonal antibody to ras-gene product p21.	Formaldehyde	124-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
2649686-0	1989	Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the human c-H-ras-oncogene product p21 complexed with GTP analogues.	Guanosine Triphosphate	104-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
2649686-1	1989	The catalytic domain (amino acid residues 1 to 166) of the human ras-oncogene product p21 complexed with the GTP analogues beta,gamma-imido-GTP (GMPPNP), beta,gamma-methylene-GTP (GMPPCP), and guanosine-5"-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) have been been crystallized.	Guanosine Triphosphate	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
2649686-1	1989	The catalytic domain (amino acid residues 1 to 166) of the human ras-oncogene product p21 complexed with the GTP analogues beta,gamma-imido-GTP (GMPPNP), beta,gamma-methylene-GTP (GMPPCP), and guanosine-5"-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) have been been crystallized.	beta,gamma-imido-gtp	123-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
2649686-1	1989	The catalytic domain (amino acid residues 1 to 166) of the human ras-oncogene product p21 complexed with the GTP analogues beta,gamma-imido-GTP (GMPPNP), beta,gamma-methylene-GTP (GMPPCP), and guanosine-5"-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) have been been crystallized.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	145-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
2649686-1	1989	The catalytic domain (amino acid residues 1 to 166) of the human ras-oncogene product p21 complexed with the GTP analogues beta,gamma-imido-GTP (GMPPNP), beta,gamma-methylene-GTP (GMPPCP), and guanosine-5"-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) have been been crystallized.	guanosine 5'-(beta,gamma-methylene)triphosphate	154-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
2649686-1	1989	The catalytic domain (amino acid residues 1 to 166) of the human ras-oncogene product p21 complexed with the GTP analogues beta,gamma-imido-GTP (GMPPNP), beta,gamma-methylene-GTP (GMPPCP), and guanosine-5"-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) have been been crystallized.	5'-guanylylmethylenebisphosphonate	180-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
2649686-1	1989	The catalytic domain (amino acid residues 1 to 166) of the human ras-oncogene product p21 complexed with the GTP analogues beta,gamma-imido-GTP (GMPPNP), beta,gamma-methylene-GTP (GMPPCP), and guanosine-5"-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) have been been crystallized.	Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)	193-230	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
2649686-1	1989	The catalytic domain (amino acid residues 1 to 166) of the human ras-oncogene product p21 complexed with the GTP analogues beta,gamma-imido-GTP (GMPPNP), beta,gamma-methylene-GTP (GMPPCP), and guanosine-5"-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) have been been crystallized.	Guanosine Triphosphate	140-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
2689384-2	1989	The issue of whether ras is directly involved in maintaining the metastatic phenotype through the expression and action of its gene product has been examined by analyzing the relationship to ras expression and to the production of the p21 ras-GTP complex, which is thought to mediate ras-transforming activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	243-246	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	235-238
2671311-1	1989	Antisense methylphosphonate-modified oligomers (ONMP) complementary to 8 nucleotides spanning the twelfth amino acid codon of human c-Ha-ras have been synthesized to explore their inhibitory effect on ras p21 translation.	onmp	48-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
3143720-5	1988	Homology search indicates that smg p21 is a novel protein with the consensus amino acid sequences for GTP/GDP-binding and GTPase domains but shares about 55% amino acid sequence homology with the human c-Ha-ras protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	102-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
2565631-4	1989	The monoclonal antibody DWP, which is specific for a mutated form of ras p21 having a valine/cysteine at amino acid position 12, was also used.	(6aS,7S,9R,10aS)-7,10a-dimethyl-8-oxo-2-(phenylamino)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,10a-octahydrobenzo[h]quinazoline-9-carbonitrile	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
2565631-4	1989	The monoclonal antibody DWP, which is specific for a mutated form of ras p21 having a valine/cysteine at amino acid position 12, was also used.	valine/cysteine	86-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
2567085-1	1989	In this study we examined 214 cases of primary human pulmonary neoplasms for the expression of a mutated form of the ras oncogene p21 product, recognized by the monoclonal antibody (MCA) DWP.	(6aS,7S,9R,10aS)-7,10a-dimethyl-8-oxo-2-(phenylamino)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,10a-octahydrobenzo[h]quinazoline-9-carbonitrile	187-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
2567085-6	1989	Since one would anticipate that the valine/cysteine substitution at position 12 of the ras p21 would occur at only low frequencies in human tumors, our results with DWP are consistent with this hypothesis.	Valine	36-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
2567085-6	1989	Since one would anticipate that the valine/cysteine substitution at position 12 of the ras p21 would occur at only low frequencies in human tumors, our results with DWP are consistent with this hypothesis.	Cysteine	43-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
2567085-6	1989	Since one would anticipate that the valine/cysteine substitution at position 12 of the ras p21 would occur at only low frequencies in human tumors, our results with DWP are consistent with this hypothesis.	(6aS,7S,9R,10aS)-7,10a-dimethyl-8-oxo-2-(phenylamino)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,10a-octahydrobenzo[h]quinazoline-9-carbonitrile	165-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
3143720-5	1988	Homology search indicates that smg p21 is a novel protein with the consensus amino acid sequences for GTP/GDP-binding and GTPase domains but shares about 55% amino acid sequence homology with the human c-Ha-ras protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
3136779-3	1988	Crystals of the triazene have monoclinic symmetry with a = 8.540(1), b = 6.346(4), c = 22.460(5)A, beta = 98.75(2) degrees, and space group P21/c.	Triazenes	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-145
3181143-0	1988	Structure-function relationships in the GTP binding domain of EF-Tu: mutation of Val20, the residue homologous to position 12 in p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
3181143-7	1988	As in p21, this position in EF-Tu is critical, influencing specifically the GDP/GTP interaction as well as other functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
3181143-7	1988	As in p21, this position in EF-Tu is critical, influencing specifically the GDP/GTP interaction as well as other functions.	Guanosine Triphosphate	80-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
3181143-9	1988	The differences observed with two homologous residues, Gly20 and Gly12 in EF-Tu and p21 respectively, show the importance of a variable residue in a consensus element in defining specific functions of GTP binding proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	201-204	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
3146693-2	1988	p21v-ras protein possessing only the first five amino acids of p60src was not myristylated, while substitution of residue 6 (serine) produced a protein p21(GSSKS) which incorporated [3H]myristic acid that was stable to hydroxylamine, sensitive to inhibitors of protein synthesis, and found in both the normally nonacylated precursor and mature forms of p21(GSSKS).	Serine	125-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
3146693-2	1988	p21v-ras protein possessing only the first five amino acids of p60src was not myristylated, while substitution of residue 6 (serine) produced a protein p21(GSSKS) which incorporated [3H]myristic acid that was stable to hydroxylamine, sensitive to inhibitors of protein synthesis, and found in both the normally nonacylated precursor and mature forms of p21(GSSKS).	gssks	156-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
3146693-2	1988	p21v-ras protein possessing only the first five amino acids of p60src was not myristylated, while substitution of residue 6 (serine) produced a protein p21(GSSKS) which incorporated [3H]myristic acid that was stable to hydroxylamine, sensitive to inhibitors of protein synthesis, and found in both the normally nonacylated precursor and mature forms of p21(GSSKS).	Tritium	183-185	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
3146693-2	1988	p21v-ras protein possessing only the first five amino acids of p60src was not myristylated, while substitution of residue 6 (serine) produced a protein p21(GSSKS) which incorporated [3H]myristic acid that was stable to hydroxylamine, sensitive to inhibitors of protein synthesis, and found in both the normally nonacylated precursor and mature forms of p21(GSSKS).	Myristic Acid	186-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
3142873-9	1988	Proof that p21 is tyrosine phosphorylated zeta was afforded by a number of approaches.	Tyrosine	18-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	11-14
3170578-5	1988	The sequence of the GTP-binding site is consistent with predictions from other GTP-binding proteins such as elongation factor Tu or ras p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
3170578-5	1988	The sequence of the GTP-binding site is consistent with predictions from other GTP-binding proteins such as elongation factor Tu or ras p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
2842690-1	1988	The plasma membrane-bound mammalian ras proteins of relative molecular mass 21,000 (ras p21) share biochemical and structural properties with other guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins).	Guanine	148-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
3179273-1	1988	The crystal structure of a disordered 1:1 complex between the tetradeoxyoligomer d(5BrC-G-5BrC-G) and proflavin has been determined and refined to an R factor of 26.9% for 474 reflections initially in space group P6(5) and to an R factor of 22.2% for 475 reflections in space group P2(1), both at 2-A resolution with Fobsd greater than or equal to 4.0.	Proflavine	102-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	282-287
2455265-4	1988	We have been able to regenerate both localization to the plasma membrane as well as transforming activity of such mutant ras p21 proteins by fusion of the amino-terminal 15 residues of the v-p60src protein, responsible for the covalent binding of myristic acid and its membrane association.	Myristic Acid	247-260	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
2834050-0	1988	Cellular proliferation and ras oncogene of p21 21,000 expression in relation to the intracellular cyclic adenosine 3":5"-monophosphate levels of a human salivary gland adenocarcinoma cell line in culture.	Cyclic AMP	98-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
2834050-2	1988	In the current study, the relationship between intracellular cAMP levels and anchorage-dependent and -independent growth or ras oncogene of p21 levels was analyzed in the differentiation process toward myoepithelial cells of HSG cells cultured in the presence of dB-cAMP.	Cyclic AMP	61-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
2834050-6	1988	When HSG cells were cultured in the presence of dB-cAMP and were committed to differentiate into myoepithelial cells, it was shown by double-antibody labeling technique and/or immunoblotting that the committed cells expressed myosin with a concomitant decrease of ras p21 protein.	Bucladesine	48-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	268-271
2834050-7	1988	Moreover, intracellular cAMP levels were found to be inversely associated with ras p21 content of the cells.	Cyclic AMP	24-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
2834050-8	1988	These findings indicate that the intracellular cAMP levels regulate significantly cell proliferation and ras p21 expression in HSG cells.	Cyclic AMP	47-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
2833702-3	1988	It is assumed that an external signal is detected by a membrane molecule (or detector) that stimulates the conversion of p21.GDP to p21.GTP which then interacts with a target molecule (or effector) to generate an internal signal.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
2833702-3	1988	It is assumed that an external signal is detected by a membrane molecule (or detector) that stimulates the conversion of p21.GDP to p21.GTP which then interacts with a target molecule (or effector) to generate an internal signal.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
2833702-3	1988	It is assumed that an external signal is detected by a membrane molecule (or detector) that stimulates the conversion of p21.GDP to p21.GTP which then interacts with a target molecule (or effector) to generate an internal signal.	Guanosine Triphosphate	136-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
2833702-3	1988	It is assumed that an external signal is detected by a membrane molecule (or detector) that stimulates the conversion of p21.GDP to p21.GTP which then interacts with a target molecule (or effector) to generate an internal signal.	Guanosine Triphosphate	136-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
3191559-1	1988	The X-ray crystal structure of 3 beta-(p-bromobenzoyloxy)-5 beta-cholesta-8,14-diene (space group P21, a = 10.698 A, b = 9.487 A, c = 15.024 A, beta = 96.05 degrees, Z = 2) was determined by the heavy atom method and refined to R = 0.075.	3 beta-(p-bromobenzoyloxy)-5 beta-cholesta-8,14-diene	31-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
3076451-1	1988	The effect of the substitution of Arg for Gly 13 on the structure of the transforming region decapeptide (Leu 6-Gly 15) of the ras oncogene encoded P21 protein has been investigated using conformational energy analysis.	leu 6-gly	106-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
3045276-0	1988	Optimal preservation of p21 ras immunoreactivity and morphology in paraffin-embedded tissue.	Paraffin	67-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
2844230-0	1988	Normal cellular Ha ras p21 protein causes local disruption of bilayer phospholipid.	Phospholipids	70-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
2844230-1	1988	We have investigated the interactions of the p21 protein of c-Ha ras with its phospholipid environment.	Phospholipids	78-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
2844230-3	1988	Addition of 8 M urea to p21 preparations increased the solubility of the molecule in detergent solutions upon the removal of this denaturant.	Urea	16-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
2844230-4	1988	The progressive addition of the detergent cholate appeared to increase the efficiency of p21 preparations to bind GTP.	Cholates	42-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
2844230-4	1988	The progressive addition of the detergent cholate appeared to increase the efficiency of p21 preparations to bind GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
2844230-5	1988	This affinity for GTP was not removed even at high detergent concentrations, when delipification of the p21 was presumably effected.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
3323889-3	1987	Our present studies demonstrate that the mitogenic activity of the H-ras oncogene in H-ras p21-microinjected quiescent cells is markedly reduced under conditions in which PKC is downregulated by chronic phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
3277185-4	1988	However, substitution of variant amino acids from the 80 C-terminal residues (amino acids 138-218) of R-ras p23 for the corresponding p21 amino acids (residues 112-189) inactivated the transforming activity of position-12 valine-substituted p21.	Valine	222-228	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
3277185-4	1988	However, substitution of variant amino acids from the 80 C-terminal residues (amino acids 138-218) of R-ras p23 for the corresponding p21 amino acids (residues 112-189) inactivated the transforming activity of position-12 valine-substituted p21.	Valine	222-228	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	241-244
3276311-0	1988	Proton NMR studies of the GDP.Mg2+ complex of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
3276311-0	1988	Proton NMR studies of the GDP.Mg2+ complex of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21.	magnesium ion	30-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
3276311-3	1988	From sequence homology with the bacterial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and the known X-ray structure of the EF-Tu.GDP.Mg2+ complex it may be inferred that the Phe residue in question is either Phe78 or Phe82 in the p21 sequence.	magnesium ion	118-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	215-218
3068879-1	1988	To detect mutationally activated ras oncogenes, we analyzed electrophoretic mobilities of ras p21 proteins utilizing the fact that many ras oncogenes produce abnormal p21 proteins that migrate at SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a fast-moving or slow-moving species in comparison to a normal p21 depending on the kind of mutation.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	196-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
3068879-1	1988	To detect mutationally activated ras oncogenes, we analyzed electrophoretic mobilities of ras p21 proteins utilizing the fact that many ras oncogenes produce abnormal p21 proteins that migrate at SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a fast-moving or slow-moving species in comparison to a normal p21 depending on the kind of mutation.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	196-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
3068879-1	1988	To detect mutationally activated ras oncogenes, we analyzed electrophoretic mobilities of ras p21 proteins utilizing the fact that many ras oncogenes produce abnormal p21 proteins that migrate at SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a fast-moving or slow-moving species in comparison to a normal p21 depending on the kind of mutation.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	196-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
3068879-1	1988	To detect mutationally activated ras oncogenes, we analyzed electrophoretic mobilities of ras p21 proteins utilizing the fact that many ras oncogenes produce abnormal p21 proteins that migrate at SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a fast-moving or slow-moving species in comparison to a normal p21 depending on the kind of mutation.	polyacrylamide	200-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
3313065-7	1987	We demonstrate a reproducible increase in 1,2-diacylglycerol, in the absence of a detectable increase in inositol phosphates, in transformed cells containing Ha-ras oncogenes and with different membrane targeting signals for the ras p21 protein.	1,2-diacylglycerol	42-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	233-236
3427588-1	1987	1,3-Dimethyl-8-beta-D-ribofuranosylxanthine monohydrate, C12H16N4O6.H2O, is monoclinic, P21, with two molecules in a unit cell having a = 8.186(1), b = 19.222(3), c = 4.7655(8) A, beta = 103.79(1) degrees, V = 728.2 A, and Dx = 1.506 g.cm-3.	1,3-dimethyl-8-beta-d-ribofuranosylxanthine monohydrate	0-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
3427588-1	1987	1,3-Dimethyl-8-beta-D-ribofuranosylxanthine monohydrate, C12H16N4O6.H2O, is monoclinic, P21, with two molecules in a unit cell having a = 8.186(1), b = 19.222(3), c = 4.7655(8) A, beta = 103.79(1) degrees, V = 728.2 A, and Dx = 1.506 g.cm-3.	(S)-6-AMINO-2-(2,4-DINITRO-PHENYLAMINO)-HEXANOIC ACID	57-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
3427588-1	1987	1,3-Dimethyl-8-beta-D-ribofuranosylxanthine monohydrate, C12H16N4O6.H2O, is monoclinic, P21, with two molecules in a unit cell having a = 8.186(1), b = 19.222(3), c = 4.7655(8) A, beta = 103.79(1) degrees, V = 728.2 A, and Dx = 1.506 g.cm-3.	Water	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
3276311-3	1988	From sequence homology with the bacterial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and the known X-ray structure of the EF-Tu.GDP.Mg2+ complex it may be inferred that the Phe residue in question is either Phe78 or Phe82 in the p21 sequence.	Phenylalanine	159-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	215-218
3276554-4	1988	When ras p21 was laid over vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet by transfer from the gel of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ras p21 bound to bands 4.2 and 6. ras p21 binding to these proteins was reduced by prior incubation of ras p21 with the purified band 4.2 or 6 protein.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
3276554-4	1988	When ras p21 was laid over vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet by transfer from the gel of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ras p21 bound to bands 4.2 and 6. ras p21 binding to these proteins was reduced by prior incubation of ras p21 with the purified band 4.2 or 6 protein.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
3276554-4	1988	When ras p21 was laid over vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet by transfer from the gel of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ras p21 bound to bands 4.2 and 6. ras p21 binding to these proteins was reduced by prior incubation of ras p21 with the purified band 4.2 or 6 protein.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
3276554-4	1988	When ras p21 was laid over vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet by transfer from the gel of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ras p21 bound to bands 4.2 and 6. ras p21 binding to these proteins was reduced by prior incubation of ras p21 with the purified band 4.2 or 6 protein.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
3276554-4	1988	When ras p21 was laid over vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet by transfer from the gel of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ras p21 bound to bands 4.2 and 6. ras p21 binding to these proteins was reduced by prior incubation of ras p21 with the purified band 4.2 or 6 protein.	polyacrylamide	114-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
3276554-4	1988	When ras p21 was laid over vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet by transfer from the gel of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ras p21 bound to bands 4.2 and 6. ras p21 binding to these proteins was reduced by prior incubation of ras p21 with the purified band 4.2 or 6 protein.	polyacrylamide	114-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
3276554-4	1988	When ras p21 was laid over vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet by transfer from the gel of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ras p21 bound to bands 4.2 and 6. ras p21 binding to these proteins was reduced by prior incubation of ras p21 with the purified band 4.2 or 6 protein.	polyacrylamide	114-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
3276554-4	1988	When ras p21 was laid over vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet by transfer from the gel of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ras p21 bound to bands 4.2 and 6. ras p21 binding to these proteins was reduced by prior incubation of ras p21 with the purified band 4.2 or 6 protein.	polyacrylamide	114-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
3140742-1	1988	The ras oncogene product ras p21 is structurally homologous to guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and plays an important role in transducing signals elicited by membrane receptors into intracellular metabolism.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
3140742-7	1988	The functions of ras p21 have not been clearly identified in mammalian cells; however recent reports reveal that cyclic AMP production is inhibited by the transfection of activated ras gene into normal cells.	Cyclic AMP	113-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
3318757-2	1987	To gain a better understanding of the role these oncogenes may play in malignant transformation, we evaluated the levels of a ras gene protein product (p21) in formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of normal human colonic mucosa, hyperplastic polyps, tubular adenomas, villous adenomas, and epithelium from a patient with ulcerative colitis.	Formaldehyde	160-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
3318757-2	1987	To gain a better understanding of the role these oncogenes may play in malignant transformation, we evaluated the levels of a ras gene protein product (p21) in formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of normal human colonic mucosa, hyperplastic polyps, tubular adenomas, villous adenomas, and epithelium from a patient with ulcerative colitis.	Paraffin	180-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
3123435-3	1987	In cells carrying a point-mutationally activated ras, p21 with abnormal mobility upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was clearly detected.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	86-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
3123435-3	1987	In cells carrying a point-mutationally activated ras, p21 with abnormal mobility upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was clearly detected.	polyacrylamide	109-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
3328019-3	1987	Furthermore, it has been shown that residues 16, 116 and 119 in p21 played critical roles in the guanine nucleotide binding and, consequently, the ability of the protein to induce changes characteristic of cellular transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
2821624-4	1987	In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
2821624-4	1987	In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
2823806-1	1987	An in vitro study of phosphate-transfer, from the high-energy phosphates on the phosphoenzyme (enzyme-bound high-energy phosphate intermediate) of NDP-kinase to GDP on various guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G1, elongation factor alpha 1, recombinant v-rasH p21 protein, transducin, Gi and Go), revealed that the GDP acts as a phosphate-acceptor, in the presence of divalent cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+).	Phosphates	21-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	263-266
2823806-1	1987	An in vitro study of phosphate-transfer, from the high-energy phosphates on the phosphoenzyme (enzyme-bound high-energy phosphate intermediate) of NDP-kinase to GDP on various guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G1, elongation factor alpha 1, recombinant v-rasH p21 protein, transducin, Gi and Go), revealed that the GDP acts as a phosphate-acceptor, in the presence of divalent cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	263-266
3328019-8	1987	The probability for the normal p21 containing glycine as residue 12 is greatest, and the cancer-associated variants show less probabilities.	Glycine	46-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
3315926-1	1987	Expression of ras p21 in human gastric cancers, benign lesions (i.e. dysplasia, intestinal metaplasia and hyperplastic polyps) and normal tissues was immunohistochemically evaluated by the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) immunoperoxidase method with anti-ras p21 monoclonal antibody(rp-28).	avidin-biotin	189-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
3313005-10	1987	R-ras p21-like proteins, made by eliminating the first 26 R-ras codons, displayed evident mobility differences between the pro form and mature form, along with a valine 12 substitution-dependent change in electrophoretic mobility.	Valine	162-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
2821624-4	1987	In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
2821624-4	1987	In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
2821624-6	1987	This protein stimulated GTP hydrolysis by purified Gly12 p21 more than 200-fold in vitro, but had no effect on Asp12 or Val12 mutants.	Guanosine Triphosphate	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
2821624-9	1987	Furthermore, it appears that the major effect of position 12 mutations is to prevent this protein from stimulating p21 GTPase activity, thereby allowing these mutants to remain in the active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Triphosphate	119-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Triphosphate	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
3035212-7	1987	At position 12 in the p21 coding region, arginine is substituted for the naturally occurring glycine present in c-ras.	Arginine	41-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
3035212-7	1987	At position 12 in the p21 coding region, arginine is substituted for the naturally occurring glycine present in c-ras.	Glycine	93-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
3298232-1	1987	p21 isolated under nondenaturing conditions is obtained as a complex with guanosine nucleotides and magnesium ions.	guanosine nucleotides	74-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Triphosphate	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-1	1987	p21 isolated under nondenaturing conditions is obtained as a complex with guanosine nucleotides and magnesium ions.	Magnesium	100-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Triphosphate	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-4	1987	The protein thus prepared is thermally much less stable than the complexed p21, but can be used for studying its interaction with nucleotides and metal ions at low temperatures.	Metals	146-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	magnesium ion	272-276	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Triphosphate	78-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Triphosphate	78-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Triphosphate	78-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	magnesium ion	272-276	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	magnesium ion	272-276	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3673025-3	1987	Treatment of the cells with cycloheximide and hypertonic NaCl solution, virtually depressing the radioactive label incorporation into PEK cell proteins, also inhibits the synthesis of virus-specific proteins p69, p21, p15, and p12.	Cycloheximide	28-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	213-216
3109943-1	1987	Autophosphorylation of the purified human insulin receptor tyrosyl kinase was found to be inhibited by the ras oncogene product p21 in a concentration- and GDP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
3105868-4	1987	Cells grown with prednisolone (1.4-2.1 microM) expressed higher Ha-p21 levels than controls.	Prednisolone	17-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
3105868-6	1987	The steroid had no detectable effect on cells in S and G2 + M. By contrast, sodium butyrate and hyperosmolality caused a marked decrease in Ha-p21 content.	Butyric Acid	76-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
2439901-0	1987	Neutralizing monoclonal antibody against ras oncogene product p21 which impairs guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
3554231-2	1987	The G domain, whose primary structure shares homology with the eukaryotic protein p21, is capable of supporting the basic activities of the intact molecule (guanine nucleotide binding in 1:1 molar ratio and GTPase activity).	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
3554231-5	1987	Its GTPase shows the characteristics of a slow turnover reaction (0.1 mmol X sec-1 X mol-1 of G domain), whose rate closely corresponds to the initial hydrolysis rate of EF-Tu X GTP in the absence of effectors and lies in the typical range of GTPase of the p21 protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	257-260
3673025-3	1987	Treatment of the cells with cycloheximide and hypertonic NaCl solution, virtually depressing the radioactive label incorporation into PEK cell proteins, also inhibits the synthesis of virus-specific proteins p69, p21, p15, and p12.	nacl solution	57-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	213-216
3115313-11	1987	These domains of homologies are also similar to those of other GTP binding proteins, such as the product of the ras gene (p21) and the initiation or elongation factors.	Guanosine Triphosphate	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
3546289-1	1987	We have carried out photoaffinity labeling of the ras p21 protein, a ras oncogene product, with [alpha-32P]GTP.	[alpha-32p]gtp	96-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
3546289-3	1987	The specificity of this protocol is shown by (a) sensitivity of affinity labeling of ras p21 to known inhibitors of GTP binding and (b) immunoprecipitation of affinity labeled protein with anti-ras p21 serum.	Guanosine Triphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
3330790-3	1987	A transversion in codon 13 (GGT----TGT) resulting in replacement of glycine13 by cysteine13 in ras p21 protein was found.	glycine13	68-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
3549386-0	1987	The role of N-ras p21 in the coupling of growth factor receptors to inositol phospholipid turnover.	Phosphatidylinositols	68-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
3028791-0	1987	Characterisation of the metal-ion-GDP complex at the active sites of transforming and nontransforming p21 proteins by observation of the 17O-Mn superhyperfine coupling and by kinetic methods.	Metals	24-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
3028791-0	1987	Characterisation of the metal-ion-GDP complex at the active sites of transforming and nontransforming p21 proteins by observation of the 17O-Mn superhyperfine coupling and by kinetic methods.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
3028791-1	1987	Kinetic studies on the interaction of three Ha-ras-encoded p21 proteins with GDP and MgGDP have yielded values for the association (10(6)-10(7) M-1 s-1) and dissociation (10(-3)-10(-5) s-1) rate constants at 0 degrees C. Dramatic differences in the rate constants were not observed for the three proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
3028791-6	1987	The association constant of Mn(II) to p21 proteins in the absence of nucleotides was estimated to be greater than 10(5) M-1.	Manganese(2+)	28-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
3028791-8	1987	These results have been used to construct a model for the interactions of Mg X GDP with the active site of p21 proteins.	Magnesium	74-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
3028791-8	1987	These results have been used to construct a model for the interactions of Mg X GDP with the active site of p21 proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
3567985-1	1987	The crystal structure of L-chiro-inositol is monoclinic, P21, with a = 6.867(3), b = 9.133(4), c = 6.217(3) A, beta = 106.59(4) degrees, Z = 2.	Inositol	25-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
3330790-3	1987	A transversion in codon 13 (GGT----TGT) resulting in replacement of glycine13 by cysteine13 in ras p21 protein was found.	cysteine13	81-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
3330790-6	1987	These data identify the first base of codon 13 as a novel mutation site in ras genes and indicate that cysteine at position 13 of the ras p21 is a transforming substitution.	Cysteine	103-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
3021182-0	1986	31P-NMR studies on ATP X Mg2+, p21 X nucleotide, and adenylate kinase X nucleotide complexes.	ET bromodomain inhibitor	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
3490906-3	1986	Normal p21 contains glycine at position 12; the other amino acid substitutions are those which would result from a single base change in codon 12 and may therefore be the activating mutations most likely to occur in human tumors.	Glycine	20-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	7-10
3540608-0	1986	Activation of ras p21 transforming properties associated with an increase in the release rate of bound guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
3540608-6	1986	Mutants with the Thr-59 substitution exhibited a three- to ninefold-higher rate of GDP and GTP release than normal p21 or mutants with other activating lesions.	Threonine	17-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
3540608-9	1986	Consistent with knowledge of known G-regulatory proteins, these findings support a model in which the p21-GTP complex is the biologically active form of the p21 protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
3540608-9	1986	Consistent with knowledge of known G-regulatory proteins, these findings support a model in which the p21-GTP complex is the biologically active form of the p21 protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
3533923-0	1986	Reactivity of a sulfhydryl group of the ras oncogene product p21 modulated by GTP binding.	Guanosine Triphosphate	78-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
3533923-1	1986	We have studied the sensitivity of sulfhydryl groups of a highly purified p21 protein of the v-rasH oncogene to a thiol-specific reagent, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM).	Sulfhydryl Compounds	114-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
3533923-1	1986	We have studied the sensitivity of sulfhydryl groups of a highly purified p21 protein of the v-rasH oncogene to a thiol-specific reagent, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM).	Ethylmaleimide	138-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
3533923-1	1986	We have studied the sensitivity of sulfhydryl groups of a highly purified p21 protein of the v-rasH oncogene to a thiol-specific reagent, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM).	Ethylmaleimide	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
3533923-2	1986	Approximately 70% of GTP binding and autokinase activities of p21 were inactivated by NEM, and excessive amounts of GTP or GDP protected p21 activities.	Guanosine Triphosphate	21-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
3533923-2	1986	Approximately 70% of GTP binding and autokinase activities of p21 were inactivated by NEM, and excessive amounts of GTP or GDP protected p21 activities.	Guanosine Triphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
3533923-2	1986	Approximately 70% of GTP binding and autokinase activities of p21 were inactivated by NEM, and excessive amounts of GTP or GDP protected p21 activities.	Guanosine Triphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
3533923-2	1986	Approximately 70% of GTP binding and autokinase activities of p21 were inactivated by NEM, and excessive amounts of GTP or GDP protected p21 activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
3533923-2	1986	Approximately 70% of GTP binding and autokinase activities of p21 were inactivated by NEM, and excessive amounts of GTP or GDP protected p21 activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
3533923-6	1986	This is based on the comparative tryptic peptide mapping of [14C]NEM-modified p21 in the presence and absence of GTP.	Peptides	41-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
3533923-6	1986	This is based on the comparative tryptic peptide mapping of [14C]NEM-modified p21 in the presence and absence of GTP.	Carbon-14	61-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
3533923-6	1986	This is based on the comparative tryptic peptide mapping of [14C]NEM-modified p21 in the presence and absence of GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	113-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
3533923-8	1986	Amino acid analysis of the purified [14C]NEM-modified peptide from tryptic digests of p21 also confirmed its identity.	Carbon-14	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
3533923-9	1986	This region of p21 shares an extensive sequence homology with various G-proteins and appears to be in the vicinity of the GTP-binding domain of these proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
3022300-6	1986	The retrovirus-treated FS-2 cells (called FSK) appeared heavily granulated and expressed viral p21 but senesced during passage in culture and were not tumorigenic.	fsk	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
3023062-1	1986	We synthesized a set of 20-mer oligonucleotides corresponding to a sequence of seven amino acids strictly conserved in all the different ras proteins, from yeast to man, as well as in rho and YPT, two proteins distantly related to p21 ras (approximately 30% amino acid homology).	Oligonucleotides	31-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	231-234
3023062-6	1986	The GTP binding regions of p21 ras and a C-terminal cysteine involved in membrane anchoring are also present in ral; this strongly suggests that ral is a GTP binding protein with membrane localization.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
3023062-6	1986	The GTP binding regions of p21 ras and a C-terminal cysteine involved in membrane anchoring are also present in ral; this strongly suggests that ral is a GTP binding protein with membrane localization.	Guanosine Triphosphate	154-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
3537694-2	1986	The ability of the encoded p21"s to autophosphorylate, bind guanine nucleotides, and hydrolyze GTP was assessed.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
2431273-1	1986	The p21 products of ras proto-oncogenes are GTP-binding proteins with associated GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
3485974-0	1986	31P-NMR spectra of the Ha-ras p21.nucleotide complexes.	ET bromodomain inhibitor	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
3485974-1	1986	Phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21 and its nucleotide complexes have been obtained.	Phosphorus	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
3485974-3	1986	In particular, the chemical shift values of the beta-phosphorus resonance of enzyme-bound NTP and NDP (N = A, G) of hydrolases exhibit a downfield shift virtually identical for myosin, elongation factor Tu, and the Ha-ras oncogene product p21.	beta-phosphorus	48-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	239-242
3012529-1	1986	Recent studies have shown that the 21-kilodalton protein (p21) Ha-ras gene product shares sequence homology with and may exhibit biochemical properties similar to the mammalian guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	177-195	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
3012529-8	1986	These data support the hypothesis that both the normal and mutated Ha-ras p21s are related to guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
3537694-2	1986	The ability of the encoded p21"s to autophosphorylate, bind guanine nucleotides, and hydrolyze GTP was assessed.	Guanosine Triphosphate	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
3537694-3	1986	All versions of p21 bound GTP equivalently; the kinase activity, while dependent upon residue 12, did not correlate with the transforming potential of the polypeptide.	Guanosine Triphosphate	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
2869483-0	1986	ATP-binding site of adenylate kinase: mechanistic implications of its homology with ras-encoded p21, F1-ATPase, and other nucleotide-binding proteins.	Adenosine Triphosphate	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
3537694-4	1986	All transforming versions exhibited an impaired GTPase activity, while a novel nontransforming derivative [p21(pro-12)] possessed an enhanced GTPase activity.	pro-12	111-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
2869483-1	1986	The MgATP binding site of adenylate kinase, located by a combination of NMR and x-ray diffraction, is near three protein segments, five to seven amino acids in length, that are homologous in sequence to segments found in other nucleotide-binding phosphotransferases, such as myosin and F1-ATPase, ras p21 and transducin GTPases, and cAMP-dependent and src protein kinases, suggesting equivalent mechanistic roles of these segments in all of these proteins.	Adenosine Triphosphate	4-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	301-304
3915772-4	1985	This antibody was also shown to strikingly and specifically inhibit the guanine nucleotide-binding function of the p21 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
3082814-1	1986	A 576 base-pair DNA encoding human c-Ha-ras protein (p21) with a valine codon at position 12 has been synthesized by ligation of chemically synthesized oligodeoxyribonucleotides.	Valine	65-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
3082814-1	1986	A 576 base-pair DNA encoding human c-Ha-ras protein (p21) with a valine codon at position 12 has been synthesized by ligation of chemically synthesized oligodeoxyribonucleotides.	Oligodeoxyribonucleotides	152-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
3321304-4	1986	Its binding to p21 is completely blocked by guanine nucleotides, even though the region of p21 to which it binds does not seem to be part of the guanine nucleotide-binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
3321304-4	1986	Its binding to p21 is completely blocked by guanine nucleotides, even though the region of p21 to which it binds does not seem to be part of the guanine nucleotide-binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
3321304-4	1986	Its binding to p21 is completely blocked by guanine nucleotides, even though the region of p21 to which it binds does not seem to be part of the guanine nucleotide-binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
3321304-4	1986	Its binding to p21 is completely blocked by guanine nucleotides, even though the region of p21 to which it binds does not seem to be part of the guanine nucleotide-binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
3321304-6	1986	Another interesting region of p21 includes amino acids 116 and 119, which seem to confer, in part, the specificity of p21 for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
3321304-6	1986	Another interesting region of p21 includes amino acids 116 and 119, which seem to confer, in part, the specificity of p21 for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
3321304-8	1986	We were able to refine our model for guanine nucleotide interaction with p21 and to create mutant proteins with altered specificity for purine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
3321304-8	1986	We were able to refine our model for guanine nucleotide interaction with p21 and to create mutant proteins with altered specificity for purine nucleotides.	Purine Nucleotides	136-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
3018922-5	1986	Using 35S-methionine incorporation, immunoprecipitation with anti-p21 monoclonal antibodies, SDS-PAGE and autoradiography, it was demonstrated that p21 synthesis was remarkably enhanced in 7402 cells as well as in transformed cells derived from both 7402 and PHC DNA.	Sulfur-35	6-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
3018922-5	1986	Using 35S-methionine incorporation, immunoprecipitation with anti-p21 monoclonal antibodies, SDS-PAGE and autoradiography, it was demonstrated that p21 synthesis was remarkably enhanced in 7402 cells as well as in transformed cells derived from both 7402 and PHC DNA.	Methionine	10-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
3018922-5	1986	Using 35S-methionine incorporation, immunoprecipitation with anti-p21 monoclonal antibodies, SDS-PAGE and autoradiography, it was demonstrated that p21 synthesis was remarkably enhanced in 7402 cells as well as in transformed cells derived from both 7402 and PHC DNA.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
3004443-2	1986	Only in the presence of dexamethasone (a synthetic glucocorticoid), 433.3 cells exhibit an induced level of p21 transforming protein and phenotypic transformation.	Dexamethasone	24-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
3004443-4	1986	DBcAMP (5 X 10(-4)M) added 18 hr prior to the addition of dexamethasone (10(-7)M) almost completely blocked the hormone effect: cells contained levels of p21 20% of that in the cells treated with dexamethasone alone, and formed flat, contact inhibited monolayers.	Bucladesine	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
3333361-3	1986	The ras gene family encodes a group of closely related 21,000 dalton (p21) proteins with special affinity for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
3333361-7	1986	p21 appears to have a small membrane binding domain at the C-terminus, which contains a palmitylation site at cysteine-186, four amino acid residues from the end.	Cysteine	110-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
3333361-11	1986	Studies using site-directed mutagenesis and immnochemical probes, indicate that the basic structure of the GDP binding site is conserved between p21 and EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
3333361-12	1986	Furthermore, these studies also conclude that GTP binding is crucial for p21 ras cellular function.	Guanosine Triphosphate	46-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
3332015-4	1986	One of the two tumors thus obtained was formed after the injection of 6.3 kb DNA fragment containing the gene for p21 with valine at the twelfth position.	Valine	123-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
4092204-1	1985	Isobutyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-1-thio-beta-D-xylopyranoside is monoclinic, P21, with a = 10.134(4), b = 7.748(3), c = 11.726(4) A, beta = 96.63(3) degrees, V = 914.55 A3, Z = 2, Dm = 1.262, Dx = 1.264 g .	isobutyl 2,3,4-tri-o-acetyl-1-thio-beta-d-xylopyranoside	0-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
3915772-5	1985	The inability of p21 protein to bind guanine nucleotides was associated with a lack of autophosphorylation or GTPase activities.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
3915772-6	1985	These studies suggest that a region toward its carboxy terminus is directly or indirectly involved in the guanine nucleotide-binding function of the p21 molecule.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
3898366-7	1985	The model makes it possible to visualize how oncogenic mutations of p21 affect interaction with guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
3929144-7	1985	Like the guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins, Ns and Ni, which mediate stimulation and inhibition, respectively, of adenylate cyclase, p21 is a membrane-associated GTP binding protein, which exhibits GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	167-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
3927300-3	1985	Anti-p21ser was found to immunoprecipitate v-Ki-ras p21 and to strongly inhibit its ability to autophosphorylate and to bind GTP in an immunoabsorption assay.	Guanosine Triphosphate	125-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
3927300-4	1985	Furthermore, binding of the antibody to p21 was specifically inhibited by GTP or GDP, suggesting that amino acids around position 12 are part of the GTP/GDP binding site.	Guanosine Triphosphate	74-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
3927300-4	1985	Furthermore, binding of the antibody to p21 was specifically inhibited by GTP or GDP, suggesting that amino acids around position 12 are part of the GTP/GDP binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
4004262-9	1985	Crystals of 6AzTH are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with unit cell parameters a = 8.861 (1), b = 13.177 (3), c = 20.662 (2) A, beta = 93.35 (1) degrees, and Z = 16.	6azth	12-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
3927300-4	1985	Furthermore, binding of the antibody to p21 was specifically inhibited by GTP or GDP, suggesting that amino acids around position 12 are part of the GTP/GDP binding site.	Guanosine Triphosphate	149-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
3927300-4	1985	Furthermore, binding of the antibody to p21 was specifically inhibited by GTP or GDP, suggesting that amino acids around position 12 are part of the GTP/GDP binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
4008102-3	1985	One substitution of a thymidine for an adenosine was found at position 1069 of the 2898 nucleotide sequence in a restriction endonuclease (SacI) fragment, which corresponds to the second base of the 61st codon of the gene encoding P21 protein.	Thymidine	22-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	231-234
4008102-3	1985	One substitution of a thymidine for an adenosine was found at position 1069 of the 2898 nucleotide sequence in a restriction endonuclease (SacI) fragment, which corresponds to the second base of the 61st codon of the gene encoding P21 protein.	Adenosine	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	231-234
3923480-1	1985	The conformational effects of different amino acid substitutions (lysine, serine, proline, and D-valine) for glycine at position 12 in the p21 oncogene-encoded proteins have been investigated by using conformational energy calculations.	D-Valine	95-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
3923480-1	1985	The conformational effects of different amino acid substitutions (lysine, serine, proline, and D-valine) for glycine at position 12 in the p21 oncogene-encoded proteins have been investigated by using conformational energy calculations.	Glycine	109-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
3923480-2	1985	The normal cellular gene codes for a glycine at position 12 in the amino acid sequence, in the middle of a hydrophobic p21-(6-15)-decapepetide from Leu-6 to Gly-15.	Glycine	37-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
3923480-6	1985	However, we find that proline, unlike these residues but like glycine, at position 12 causes helix termination at positions 11 and 12, a result that suggests that the p21 protein product with proline at position 12 may exhibit lowered transforming potential, in agreement with the results of recent genetic recombination experiments.	Proline	22-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
3923480-6	1985	However, we find that proline, unlike these residues but like glycine, at position 12 causes helix termination at positions 11 and 12, a result that suggests that the p21 protein product with proline at position 12 may exhibit lowered transforming potential, in agreement with the results of recent genetic recombination experiments.	Proline	192-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
3884015-6	1985	Moreover, the high p21 levels in the mammary carcinomas correlated directly with high GTPase activity, as revealed by the photo-incorporation of 8-N3-[gamma-32P]GTP into the tumor lysates.	8-n3-[gamma-32p]gtp	145-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
6096811-2	1984	The oncogene of PR371 was found to present a mutation at codon 12 of the first coding exon which substitutes cysteine for glycine in the encoded p21 protein.	Cysteine	109-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
3919305-1	1985	Mammalian ras oncogenes encode polypeptides of relative molecular mass (Mr) 21,000 (p21) which bind GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
3001111-3	1985	Using a known protein (3H-labeled translation initiation factor [eIF-4D]) as a standard internal marker for isoelectric point (pI), we show that p21 proteins from various cells differ only slightly in molecular weight (21-24 kDa) but express a wide variety in charge (pI 4.8 to 7) that could only be detected by the use of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.	Tritium	23-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
3918304-4	1985	These findings imply that intramolecular disulfide bonds affect native p21 conformation.	Disulfides	41-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
2983103-4	1985	The presence of a lysine residue in position 12 of BALB/c murine sarcoma virus p21 likely accounts for its oncogenic properties.	Lysine	18-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
3919305-1	1985	Mammalian ras oncogenes encode polypeptides of relative molecular mass (Mr) 21,000 (p21) which bind GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
3919305-3	1985	Recently, we and others have observed that normal p21, encoded by the Ha-ras gene, has a GTP hydrolytic activity that is reduced by the oncogenic substitutions Val 12 or Thr 59.	Guanosine Triphosphate	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
3919305-3	1985	Recently, we and others have observed that normal p21, encoded by the Ha-ras gene, has a GTP hydrolytic activity that is reduced by the oncogenic substitutions Val 12 or Thr 59.	Valine	160-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
3919305-3	1985	Recently, we and others have observed that normal p21, encoded by the Ha-ras gene, has a GTP hydrolytic activity that is reduced by the oncogenic substitutions Val 12 or Thr 59.	Threonine	170-173	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
6096811-2	1984	The oncogene of PR371 was found to present a mutation at codon 12 of the first coding exon which substitutes cysteine for glycine in the encoded p21 protein.	Glycine	122-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
6148751-2	1984	The purified protein molecules possess intrinsic GTPase activity on the basis of the following criteria: (i) elution of the GTPase activity with p21 GDP-binding activity in two different chromatography systems, (ii) parallel thermal inactivation of GTPase activity and p21 GTP-binding activity, and (iii) immunoprecipitation of the GTPase activity with monoclonal antibodies to p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
6392849-11	1984	Finally, we used anti-p21 monoclonal antibodies to detect a guanine nucleotide binding activity in yeast lysates.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
6148703-2	1984	In vitro, ras proteins bind GTP, and p21 mutants with treonine at position 59 autophosphorylate at that residue.	treonine	54-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
6148703-5	1984	However, mutations at position 12 in recombinant (Thr 59) p21 molecules were observed to affect autophosphorylation.	Threonine	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
6148751-2	1984	The purified protein molecules possess intrinsic GTPase activity on the basis of the following criteria: (i) elution of the GTPase activity with p21 GDP-binding activity in two different chromatography systems, (ii) parallel thermal inactivation of GTPase activity and p21 GTP-binding activity, and (iii) immunoprecipitation of the GTPase activity with monoclonal antibodies to p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	269-272
6089200-3	1984	This results in substitution of aspartic acid for glycine at this position of the p21 coding sequence.	Aspartic Acid	32-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
6089200-3	1984	This results in substitution of aspartic acid for glycine at this position of the p21 coding sequence.	Glycine	50-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
6148751-2	1984	The purified protein molecules possess intrinsic GTPase activity on the basis of the following criteria: (i) elution of the GTPase activity with p21 GDP-binding activity in two different chromatography systems, (ii) parallel thermal inactivation of GTPase activity and p21 GTP-binding activity, and (iii) immunoprecipitation of the GTPase activity with monoclonal antibodies to p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	269-272
6148751-3	1984	At 37 degrees C, the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the purified normal p21 assayed in solution was 5.3-6.6 mmol/min per mol of p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
6148751-3	1984	At 37 degrees C, the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the purified normal p21 assayed in solution was 5.3-6.6 mmol/min per mol of p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
6148751-2	1984	The purified protein molecules possess intrinsic GTPase activity on the basis of the following criteria: (i) elution of the GTPase activity with p21 GDP-binding activity in two different chromatography systems, (ii) parallel thermal inactivation of GTPase activity and p21 GTP-binding activity, and (iii) immunoprecipitation of the GTPase activity with monoclonal antibodies to p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
6148751-4	1984	The rate of GTP hydrolysis by a form of p21 [Val12] encoded by a human oncogene was significantly lower (1.4-1.9 mmol/min per mol of p21).	Guanosine Triphosphate	12-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
6148751-4	1984	The rate of GTP hydrolysis by a form of p21 [Val12] encoded by a human oncogene was significantly lower (1.4-1.9 mmol/min per mol of p21).	Guanosine Triphosphate	12-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
6148751-5	1984	The presence of a threonine phosphate acceptor site at residue 59 also decreased p21 GTPase activity.	Phosphothreonine	18-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
6147754-2	1984	In addition to the guanine nucleotide binding activity, normal p21 displays a GTPase activity which is selectively impaired by a mutation which activates its oncogenic potential.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
6148751-7	1984	The observation that oncogenic forms of p21 lose GTPase activity suggests that GTP hydrolysis may be a biochemical event that inactivates the growth-promoting effects of a p21 X GTP complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
6148751-7	1984	The observation that oncogenic forms of p21 lose GTPase activity suggests that GTP hydrolysis may be a biochemical event that inactivates the growth-promoting effects of a p21 X GTP complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
6148751-7	1984	The observation that oncogenic forms of p21 lose GTPase activity suggests that GTP hydrolysis may be a biochemical event that inactivates the growth-promoting effects of a p21 X GTP complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
6148751-7	1984	The observation that oncogenic forms of p21 lose GTPase activity suggests that GTP hydrolysis may be a biochemical event that inactivates the growth-promoting effects of a p21 X GTP complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
7401119-2	1980	Crystals of nafoxidine hydrochloride-ethanol are monoclinic with cell dimensions a = 17.040, b = 7.967, c = 25.260 A, beta = 123.7 degrees, and space group P21/c with four formula units per cell.	Nafoxidine	12-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
6610834-7	1984	We report here the evidence that epidermal growth factor enhances the guanine nucleotide binding activity of activated c-Ha-ras or v-Ha-ras p21, and phosphorylation of v-Ha-ras p21, suggesting that some mitogenic growth factors may regulate those activities.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
6609071-0	1984	Homologies in the primary structure of GTP-binding proteins: the nucleotide-binding site of EF-Tu and p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
6422257-8	1984	The p21 of v-Ha-ras and the 30K proteins from S. cerevisiae share methionine-labeled peptides as detected by two-dimensional tryptic peptide maps.	Methionine	66-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
6422257-8	1984	The p21 of v-Ha-ras and the 30K proteins from S. cerevisiae share methionine-labeled peptides as detected by two-dimensional tryptic peptide maps.	Peptides	85-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
6311615-1	1983	The transforming proteins (p21) of Harvey and Kirsten sarcoma viruses threonine kinase activity, which phosphorylates threonine 59 of the p21 proteins themselves.	Threonine	70-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
6311615-1	1983	The transforming proteins (p21) of Harvey and Kirsten sarcoma viruses threonine kinase activity, which phosphorylates threonine 59 of the p21 proteins themselves.	Threonine	70-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
6311615-2	1983	A tridecapeptide: Arg-Arg-Leu56-Asp-Thr-Thr59-Gly-Gln-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ala66 containing residues 56-66 of p21 is phosphorylated solely on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine kinase of A431 cell membranes.	Arginine	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
6311615-2	1983	A tridecapeptide: Arg-Arg-Leu56-Asp-Thr-Thr59-Gly-Gln-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ala66 containing residues 56-66 of p21 is phosphorylated solely on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine kinase of A431 cell membranes.	Arginine	22-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
6311615-2	1983	A tridecapeptide: Arg-Arg-Leu56-Asp-Thr-Thr59-Gly-Gln-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ala66 containing residues 56-66 of p21 is phosphorylated solely on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine kinase of A431 cell membranes.	Threonine	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
6311615-2	1983	A tridecapeptide: Arg-Arg-Leu56-Asp-Thr-Thr59-Gly-Gln-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ala66 containing residues 56-66 of p21 is phosphorylated solely on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine kinase of A431 cell membranes.	Glycine	46-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
6311615-2	1983	A tridecapeptide: Arg-Arg-Leu56-Asp-Thr-Thr59-Gly-Gln-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ala66 containing residues 56-66 of p21 is phosphorylated solely on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine kinase of A431 cell membranes.	Glutamine	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
6311615-2	1983	A tridecapeptide: Arg-Arg-Leu56-Asp-Thr-Thr59-Gly-Gln-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ala66 containing residues 56-66 of p21 is phosphorylated solely on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine kinase of A431 cell membranes.	Glutamic Acid	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
6311615-2	1983	A tridecapeptide: Arg-Arg-Leu56-Asp-Thr-Thr59-Gly-Gln-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ala66 containing residues 56-66 of p21 is phosphorylated solely on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine kinase of A431 cell membranes.	Tyrosine	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
6311615-2	1983	A tridecapeptide: Arg-Arg-Leu56-Asp-Thr-Thr59-Gly-Gln-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ala66 containing residues 56-66 of p21 is phosphorylated solely on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine kinase of A431 cell membranes.	Serine	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
6311615-2	1983	A tridecapeptide: Arg-Arg-Leu56-Asp-Thr-Thr59-Gly-Gln-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ala66 containing residues 56-66 of p21 is phosphorylated solely on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine kinase of A431 cell membranes.	Tyrosine	133-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
7216622-4	1980	Threo-beta-hydroxy-N-acetyl-L-tryptophanamide (C13H15N3O3) crystallizes in space group P21 with cell parameters a = 13.572(4) A, b = 6.296(1) A, c = 13.796(4) A and beta = 148.10(2) degrees.	threo-beta-hydroxy-n-acetyl-l-tryptophanamide	0-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
7216622-4	1980	Threo-beta-hydroxy-N-acetyl-L-tryptophanamide (C13H15N3O3) crystallizes in space group P21 with cell parameters a = 13.572(4) A, b = 6.296(1) A, c = 13.796(4) A and beta = 148.10(2) degrees.	c13h15n3o3	47-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
7216622-5	1980	Erythro-beta-hydroxy-N-acetyl-DL-tryptophanamide (C13H15N3O3.1/2C6H6) crystallizes in space group P21/c with cell parameters a = 23.178(15) A, b = 7.202(3) A, c = 9.218(4) A and beta = 91.13(5) degrees.	erythro-beta-hydroxy-n-acetyl-dl-tryptophanamide	0-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
7216622-5	1980	Erythro-beta-hydroxy-N-acetyl-DL-tryptophanamide (C13H15N3O3.1/2C6H6) crystallizes in space group P21/c with cell parameters a = 23.178(15) A, b = 7.202(3) A, c = 9.218(4) A and beta = 91.13(5) degrees.	c13h15n3o3.1	50-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
6092927-5	1984	The intracellular half-life of p21 proteins was determined by pulse-labeling and chasing in the presence of excess unlabeled methionine.	Methionine	125-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
6100635-4	1984	Antibodies to synthetic peptides inferred from the nucleotide sequence of the env gene of HTLV-IATK were also raised and used to identify and purify env precursor gPr62-68, surface glycoprotein gp46-51 and transmembrane protein p21.	Peptides	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
6308640-3	1983	These findings predicted that the resulting oncogene would code for a structurally altered p21 protein containing valine instead of glycine as its 12th amino acid residue.	Valine	114-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
6308640-3	1983	These findings predicted that the resulting oncogene would code for a structurally altered p21 protein containing valine instead of glycine as its 12th amino acid residue.	Glycine	132-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
6308640-7	1983	These results predict that the p21 protein coded for by the spontaneously activated c-has/bas gene will incorporate aspartic acid as its 12th amino acid residue.	Aspartic Acid	116-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
6308640-8	1983	Computer analysis of the secondary structure of c-has/bas encoded p21 proteins indicates that substitution of the glycine residue located at position 12, not only by aspartic acid or valine but also by any other amino acid, would result in the same structural alteration.	Glycine	114-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
6308640-8	1983	Computer analysis of the secondary structure of c-has/bas encoded p21 proteins indicates that substitution of the glycine residue located at position 12, not only by aspartic acid or valine but also by any other amino acid, would result in the same structural alteration.	Aspartic Acid	166-179	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
6308640-8	1983	Computer analysis of the secondary structure of c-has/bas encoded p21 proteins indicates that substitution of the glycine residue located at position 12, not only by aspartic acid or valine but also by any other amino acid, would result in the same structural alteration.	Valine	183-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
6843652-2	1983	The point mutation consists of the conversion of guanine into thymine, which results in the replacement of a glycine by a valine at position 12 of the p21 protein encoded by the EJ and T24 genes.	Guanine	49-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
6843652-2	1983	The point mutation consists of the conversion of guanine into thymine, which results in the replacement of a glycine by a valine at position 12 of the p21 protein encoded by the EJ and T24 genes.	Thymine	62-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
6843652-3	1983	Sequence data of retroviral analogues of the p21 protein also indicate the importance for a glycine residue at position 12 in normal p21.	Glycine	92-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
6843652-3	1983	Sequence data of retroviral analogues of the p21 protein also indicate the importance for a glycine residue at position 12 in normal p21.	Glycine	92-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
6843652-4	1983	Comparison of the sequence of the 37 N-terminal residues of the normal human p21 protein with the sequence of the dinucleotide-binding beta alpha beta unit in a group of structurally related enzymes, suggests that these residues of p21 fold into a very similar unit which is also involved in binding a nucleotide.	Dinucleoside Phosphates	114-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
6843652-4	1983	Comparison of the sequence of the 37 N-terminal residues of the normal human p21 protein with the sequence of the dinucleotide-binding beta alpha beta unit in a group of structurally related enzymes, suggests that these residues of p21 fold into a very similar unit which is also involved in binding a nucleotide.	Dinucleoside Phosphates	114-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	232-235
6843652-5	1983	We present here a three-dimensional model of the p21 beta alpha beta unit which explains directly why glycine at position 12 cannot be replaced by another residue without altering the nucleotide-binding properties of p21.	Glycine	102-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
6296696-3	1983	The oncogene is activated by a single point mutation (guanine to thymine) resulting in the change glycine to valine at position 12 of p21 (refs 3, 4).	Guanine	54-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
6296696-3	1983	The oncogene is activated by a single point mutation (guanine to thymine) resulting in the change glycine to valine at position 12 of p21 (refs 3, 4).	Thymine	65-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
6296696-5	1983	Thus, p21 may form part of an enzyme that uses purine nucleotides in catalysis.	Purine Nucleotides	47-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
7133135-2	1982	This substitution results in the incorporation of valine instead of glycine as the twelfth amino acid residue of the T24 oncogene-encoded p21 protein.	Valine	50-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
7133135-2	1982	This substitution results in the incorporation of valine instead of glycine as the twelfth amino acid residue of the T24 oncogene-encoded p21 protein.	Glycine	68-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
6277498-3	1981	The levels of p21 RNA and protein in these transformants are regulated by physiological concentrations of dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone.	Dexamethasone	106-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
7401119-2	1980	Crystals of nafoxidine hydrochloride-ethanol are monoclinic with cell dimensions a = 17.040, b = 7.967, c = 25.260 A, beta = 123.7 degrees, and space group P21/c with four formula units per cell.	Ethanol	37-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
420851-1	1979	8-Methyladenosine 3"-monophosphate dihydrate was synthesized and crystallized in the monoclinic space group P21 with the unit cell dimensions: a = 9.095(2) A, b = 16.750(3) A, c = 5.405(2) A and beta = 97.61(3) degrees.	8-methyladenosine 3"-monophosphate dihydrate	0-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
33964346-10	2021	Moreover, overexpression of miR-130a in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced SH-SY5Y cell senescence model attenuated D-gal-induced impaired autophagy and cell senescence, demonstrated by decreased levels of LC3, Ac-p53, p21 and increased p62, suggesting that voluntary wheel running can alleviate brain aging in natural aging rats by up-regulating miR-130a-mediated autophagy.	Galactose	40-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	212-215
1166722-1	1975	Acetylcholine beta-resorcylate, C14H21NO6, crystallizes in space group P21/c with a unit cell having dimensions a=14.562(6), b=14.109(4), c=15.096(6) A, and beta=106.90(3) degrees.	acetylcholine beta-resorcylate	0-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
1166722-1	1975	Acetylcholine beta-resorcylate, C14H21NO6, crystallizes in space group P21/c with a unit cell having dimensions a=14.562(6), b=14.109(4), c=15.096(6) A, and beta=106.90(3) degrees.	c14h21no6	32-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
11945362-1	1970	The nucleoside was crystallized from aqueous methanol as its iodide monohydrate in space group P2(1).	Nucleosides	4-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-100
11945362-1	1970	The nucleoside was crystallized from aqueous methanol as its iodide monohydrate in space group P2(1).	Methanol	45-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-100
11945362-1	1970	The nucleoside was crystallized from aqueous methanol as its iodide monohydrate in space group P2(1).	iodide monohydrate	61-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-100
660592-2	1978	MeCCNU crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/c, with  cell dimensions  a =  12.387, b  =  10.810, and  c  =  10 .198  A , beta  =  102.62  degrees , and  Z  =  four  molecules  per  unit  cell.	Semustine	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-51
626748-2	1978	Crystals of 8-(alpha-hydroxyisopropyl)-adenosine dihydrate, C13H19N5O5.2H2O, belong to the monoclinic space group P21.	8-(alpha-hydroxyisopropyl)-adenosine dihydrate	12-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
626748-2	1978	Crystals of 8-(alpha-hydroxyisopropyl)-adenosine dihydrate, C13H19N5O5.2H2O, belong to the monoclinic space group P21.	c13h19n5o5.2h2o	60-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
32196298-4	1976	The low temperature form of K2O   2Sb2O5 was found to be monoclinic P21/c with a = 7.178, b = 13.378, c = 11.985 A, beta = 124 10".	k2o   2sb2o5	28-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
1137835-2	1975	Crystals of the salt are monoclinic, space group P21, having a = 6.410 (1), b = 10.784 (2), c = 8.879 (1) A, betta = 92.07 (1)degrees, and Z = 2.	Salts	16-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
31927823-1	1965	Tetracalcium phosphate, Ca4O(PO4)2, has a monoclinic modification with the parameters a= 11.99, b = 9.48, and c = 6.97 A, alpha = 90.8 , z = 4, and space group P21 or P21/m.	tetracalcium phosphate	0-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
31927823-1	1965	Tetracalcium phosphate, Ca4O(PO4)2, has a monoclinic modification with the parameters a= 11.99, b = 9.48, and c = 6.97 A, alpha = 90.8 , z = 4, and space group P21 or P21/m.	tetracalcium phosphate	0-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-172
31927823-1	1965	Tetracalcium phosphate, Ca4O(PO4)2, has a monoclinic modification with the parameters a= 11.99, b = 9.48, and c = 6.97 A, alpha = 90.8 , z = 4, and space group P21 or P21/m.	beta-tricalcium phosphate	24-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
33964346-10	2021	Moreover, overexpression of miR-130a in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced SH-SY5Y cell senescence model attenuated D-gal-induced impaired autophagy and cell senescence, demonstrated by decreased levels of LC3, Ac-p53, p21 and increased p62, suggesting that voluntary wheel running can alleviate brain aging in natural aging rats by up-regulating miR-130a-mediated autophagy.	Galactose	40-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	212-215
34057209-11	2021	Long-term exposure of HGFs to nicotine or CSC significantly suppressed their cellular proliferation and migration and upregulated type I collagen, type III collagen, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, p16, p21, and p53 mRNA expression, and IL-6 and IL-8 protein expression.	Nicotine	30-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
32008465-7	2021	In cancer cells, Vit C, in a pharmacological dose, decreased cell proliferation through an inhibitory effect on cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) (4.4-fold; p < 0.01), mainly due to the stimulatory effect on the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, such as p21 and p53 (3.2- and 2.8-fold, respectively; p < 0.001), but not caspase pathway.	Ascorbic Acid	17-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	278-281
33839250-1	2021	The solvatochromic amino-acids 4-DMNA or 4-DAPA, were separately introduced at position 147, 150 or 151 of a short p21 peptide (141-155) known to bind sliding clamp protein PCNA.	4-dmna	31-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
33839250-1	2021	The solvatochromic amino-acids 4-DMNA or 4-DAPA, were separately introduced at position 147, 150 or 151 of a short p21 peptide (141-155) known to bind sliding clamp protein PCNA.	4-N,N-Dimethylaminophthalimido-alanine	41-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
34028092-0	2021	The p53/p21/p16 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways are involved in the ameliorative effects of maltol on D-galactose-induced liver and kidney aging and injury.	maltol	92-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
34031191-9	2021	The index SNP of 1p21 is an eQTL (Plowest=1.74x10-58) for RWDD3 involved in SUMOlation and is associated with platelet distribution width (1.15x10-9) and 18-carbon fatty acid metabolism (P=7.36x10-12).	18-carbon fatty acid	154-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
34028092-0	2021	The p53/p21/p16 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways are involved in the ameliorative effects of maltol on D-galactose-induced liver and kidney aging and injury.	Galactose	102-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
34028092-3	2021	Interestingly, 4-weeks maltol treatment at 50 and 100 mg/kg activated aging-associated proteins including p53, p21, and p16 followed by inhibiting malondialdehyde (MDA)"s over-production and increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes.	maltol	23-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
34002651-8	2021	Our results showed that MG132 downregulated the expression of antiapoptotic proteins, including CDK2, CDK4, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-2, whereas it upregulated the expression of proapoptotic proteins, including p21, p27, p53, p-p53 (ser15, ser20, and ser46), cleaved forms of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, and PARP, and FOXO3 in U2OS cells.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	24-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
33992720-0	2021	Aspartame induces cancer stem cell enrichment through p21, NICD and GLI1 in human PANC-1 pancreas adenocarcinoma cells.	Aspartame	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
33987937-0	2021	Lovastatin reduces PEL cell survival by phosphorylating ERK1/2 that blocks the autophagic flux and engages a cross-talk with p53 to activate p21.	Lovastatin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
33987937-4	2021	At molecular level, Lovastatin by dephosphorylating STAT3, induced ERK1/2 activation that inhibited autophagy and phosphorylated p53ser15 that in turn maintained ERK1/2 activated and up-regulated p21.	Lovastatin	20-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
33992720-8	2021	In the aspartame group, T1R1 silencing further increased the CSC population but decreased cell viability and suppressed the p21, NICD and GLI activation.	Aspartame	7-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
33992720-10	2021	In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that long-term aspartame exposure increases CSC population and tumor cell aggressiveness through p21, NICD, GLI1.	Aspartame	61-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
33987937-5	2021	However, p21 played a pro-survival role in this setting, as its inhibition by UC2288 further reduced cell survival in PEL cells undergoing Lovastatin treatment.	UC2288	78-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
33755722-4	2021	At the molecular level, DEK recruits the corepressor NCoR1 to repress acetylation of histone 3 at lysine 27 (H3K27ac) and restricts the chromatin accessibility of HSCs, governing the expression of quiescence-associated genes (e.g., Akt1/2, Ccnb2, and p21).	Lysine	98-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	251-254
33987937-5	2021	However, p21 played a pro-survival role in this setting, as its inhibition by UC2288 further reduced cell survival in PEL cells undergoing Lovastatin treatment.	Lovastatin	139-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
33987937-6	2021	In conclusion, this study suggests that Lovastatin may represent a valid therapeutic alternative against PEL cells, especially if used in combination with p21 inhibitors.	Lovastatin	40-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
33982403-6	2021	Supportive evidence indicated that MTX administration induced senescence and apoptosis of human GCs in vitro, and the effects were consistent with the high levels of p21, p53, and oxidative stress (OS).	Methotrexate	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
33666815-0	2021	Urolithin A induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting Bcl-2, increasing p53-p21 proteins and reactive oxygen species production in colorectal cancer cells.	3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
33995088-6	2021	TB treatment caused the downregulating of c-myc, cyclin D, CDK2, and CDK4 and upregulating of p21 and p27 in the HOG cell, while TB increased P53, p21, and p27 levels and decreased the levels of cell cycle regulator proteins such as CDK and cyclin A/B in the U251 cells.	theabrownin	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
33995088-6	2021	TB treatment caused the downregulating of c-myc, cyclin D, CDK2, and CDK4 and upregulating of p21 and p27 in the HOG cell, while TB increased P53, p21, and p27 levels and decreased the levels of cell cycle regulator proteins such as CDK and cyclin A/B in the U251 cells.	theabrownin	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
33995088-6	2021	TB treatment caused the downregulating of c-myc, cyclin D, CDK2, and CDK4 and upregulating of p21 and p27 in the HOG cell, while TB increased P53, p21, and p27 levels and decreased the levels of cell cycle regulator proteins such as CDK and cyclin A/B in the U251 cells.	theabrownin	129-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
33923162-5	2021	In addition, we showed that pentamidine treatment of ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells resulted in reduced proliferation and increased p53 and p21 protein levels, indicating that pentamidine is an effective antagonist that interferes with the S100P-p53 interaction, leading to re-activation of the p53-21 pathway and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.	Pentamidine	28-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
33913241-0	2021	Vanadium oxides modify the expression levels of the p21, p53, and Cdc25C proteins in human lymphocytes treated in vitro.	vanadium oxides	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
33925873-4	2021	Flow cytometric and Western blot analysis showed that ilimaquinone induced S-phase arrest by modulating the expression of p-CDC-2 and p21.	ilimaquinone	54-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
33923162-5	2021	In addition, we showed that pentamidine treatment of ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells resulted in reduced proliferation and increased p53 and p21 protein levels, indicating that pentamidine is an effective antagonist that interferes with the S100P-p53 interaction, leading to re-activation of the p53-21 pathway and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.	Pentamidine	173-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
33894272-8	2021	KEY FINDINGS: Upon treatment with oleuropein, the expression of P21, P53, and TNFRSF10B increased while that of Bcl-2 and Mcl1 decreased.	oleuropein	34-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
33953834-10	2021	Western blotting analysis showed that acetylshikonin treatment induced increase of cleaved PARP, gammaH2AX, FOXO3, Bax, Bim, Bad, p21, p27, and active forms of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, caspase-6, and caspase-8 protein levels, while those of inactive forms were decreased.	acetylshikonin	38-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
33876818-11	2021	Moreover, butyric acid alleviated CIH-induced cell proliferation, lipid formation and inflammatory status and promoted cell apoptosis through regulating related genes including p21, PPARgamma, C/EBPa, IL-1beta, IL-6, TLR4, caspase-8 and caspase-3.	Butyric Acid	10-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
33953676-6	2021	The results showed that astragalin significantly inhibited the proliferation and diffusion of HCT116 cells by induced apoptosis (by modulation of Bax, Bcl-2, P53, caspase-3, caspase 6, caspase 7, caspase 8, caspase 9 protein express) and cell cycle arrest (by modulation of Cyclin D1, Cyclin E, P21, P27, CDK2, CDK4 protein express).	astragalin	24-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	295-298
33868388-12	2021	Thus, a p53/p21-dependent change in partitioning of the glutamate conversion to 2-oxoglutarate through GOT2 or GDH, linked to NAD(P)-dependent metabolism of 2-oxoglutarate in affiliated pathways, adapts A549 cells to thiamine deficiency or cisplatin treatment.	Ketoglutaric Acids	80-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
33850004-8	2021	Idasanutlin treatment induced BAX-mediated apoptosis in venetoclax-resistant neuroblastoma cells in the presence of venetoclax, while it caused p21-mediated growth arrest in control cells.	RG7388	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
33537802-8	2021	Treatment of U251 cells with PSH induced the upregulation of p21 and p27, and the downregulation cyclin D1 and S-phase kinase associated protein 2 protein expression levels, which induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase.	paris saponin H	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
33883905-8	2021	Calycosin downregulated the cell cycle proteins cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1, and cyclin E; upregulated p21 and p27; and arrested cells in the G0/G1 phase.	7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
33710861-8	2021	At the molecular level, Olmesartan inhibits the elevated expression of senescence biomarkers (p16 and p21).	olmesartan	24-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
33710861-11	2021	In conclusion, Olmesartan prevents oligomerized Abeta-induced cellular senescence in neuronal cells by downregulating p16 and p21 through a SIRT1 dependent deacetylation of p53; our finding indicates that Olmesartan has a protective effect in Abeta-induced neurotoxicity.	olmesartan	15-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
33868388-0	2021	Interplay Between Thiamine and p53/p21 Axes Affects Antiproliferative Action of Cisplatin in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Changing Metabolism of 2-Oxoglutarate/Glutamate.	Cisplatin	80-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
33868388-0	2021	Interplay Between Thiamine and p53/p21 Axes Affects Antiproliferative Action of Cisplatin in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Changing Metabolism of 2-Oxoglutarate/Glutamate.	Ketoglutaric Acids	145-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
33868388-0	2021	Interplay Between Thiamine and p53/p21 Axes Affects Antiproliferative Action of Cisplatin in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Changing Metabolism of 2-Oxoglutarate/Glutamate.	Glutamic Acid	160-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
33868388-12	2021	Thus, a p53/p21-dependent change in partitioning of the glutamate conversion to 2-oxoglutarate through GOT2 or GDH, linked to NAD(P)-dependent metabolism of 2-oxoglutarate in affiliated pathways, adapts A549 cells to thiamine deficiency or cisplatin treatment.	NADP	126-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
33868388-5	2021	Our work focuses on dependence of the action of the DNA damaging anticancer drug cisplatin on metabolic regulation through p53/p21 axes and cellular thiamine status in human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549.	Cisplatin	81-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
33868388-7	2021	Compared to wild type (A549WT), a stable line with a 60% knockdown of p21 (A549p21-) is less sensitive to antiproliferative action of cisplatin.	Cisplatin	134-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
33868388-12	2021	Thus, a p53/p21-dependent change in partitioning of the glutamate conversion to 2-oxoglutarate through GOT2 or GDH, linked to NAD(P)-dependent metabolism of 2-oxoglutarate in affiliated pathways, adapts A549 cells to thiamine deficiency or cisplatin treatment.	Ketoglutaric Acids	157-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
33868388-9	2021	Analysis of the associated metabolic changes in the cells indicates that (i) p21 knockdown restricts the production of 2-oxoglutarate via glutamate oxidation, stimulating that within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; (ii) cellular cisplatin sensitivity is associated with a 4-fold upregulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) by cisplatin; (iii) cellular cisplatin resistance is associated with a 2-fold upregulation of p53 by cisplatin.	Ketoglutaric Acids	119-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
33868388-12	2021	Thus, a p53/p21-dependent change in partitioning of the glutamate conversion to 2-oxoglutarate through GOT2 or GDH, linked to NAD(P)-dependent metabolism of 2-oxoglutarate in affiliated pathways, adapts A549 cells to thiamine deficiency or cisplatin treatment.	Thiamine	217-225	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
33868388-9	2021	Analysis of the associated metabolic changes in the cells indicates that (i) p21 knockdown restricts the production of 2-oxoglutarate via glutamate oxidation, stimulating that within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; (ii) cellular cisplatin sensitivity is associated with a 4-fold upregulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) by cisplatin; (iii) cellular cisplatin resistance is associated with a 2-fold upregulation of p53 by cisplatin.	Glutamic Acid	138-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
33868388-12	2021	Thus, a p53/p21-dependent change in partitioning of the glutamate conversion to 2-oxoglutarate through GOT2 or GDH, linked to NAD(P)-dependent metabolism of 2-oxoglutarate in affiliated pathways, adapts A549 cells to thiamine deficiency or cisplatin treatment.	Cisplatin	240-249	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
33868388-13	2021	Cellular thiamine deficiency may interfere with antiproliferative action of cisplatin due to their common modulation of the p53/p21-dependent metabolic switch between the glutamate oxidation and transamination.	Thiamine	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
33868388-13	2021	Cellular thiamine deficiency may interfere with antiproliferative action of cisplatin due to their common modulation of the p53/p21-dependent metabolic switch between the glutamate oxidation and transamination.	Cisplatin	76-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
33868388-9	2021	Analysis of the associated metabolic changes in the cells indicates that (i) p21 knockdown restricts the production of 2-oxoglutarate via glutamate oxidation, stimulating that within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; (ii) cellular cisplatin sensitivity is associated with a 4-fold upregulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) by cisplatin; (iii) cellular cisplatin resistance is associated with a 2-fold upregulation of p53 by cisplatin.	Tricarboxylic Acids	187-205	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
33868388-13	2021	Cellular thiamine deficiency may interfere with antiproliferative action of cisplatin due to their common modulation of the p53/p21-dependent metabolic switch between the glutamate oxidation and transamination.	Glutamic Acid	171-180	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
33868388-9	2021	Analysis of the associated metabolic changes in the cells indicates that (i) p21 knockdown restricts the production of 2-oxoglutarate via glutamate oxidation, stimulating that within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; (ii) cellular cisplatin sensitivity is associated with a 4-fold upregulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) by cisplatin; (iii) cellular cisplatin resistance is associated with a 2-fold upregulation of p53 by cisplatin.	Tricarboxylic Acids	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
33868388-9	2021	Analysis of the associated metabolic changes in the cells indicates that (i) p21 knockdown restricts the production of 2-oxoglutarate via glutamate oxidation, stimulating that within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; (ii) cellular cisplatin sensitivity is associated with a 4-fold upregulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) by cisplatin; (iii) cellular cisplatin resistance is associated with a 2-fold upregulation of p53 by cisplatin.	Cisplatin	233-242	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
33868388-9	2021	Analysis of the associated metabolic changes in the cells indicates that (i) p21 knockdown restricts the production of 2-oxoglutarate via glutamate oxidation, stimulating that within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; (ii) cellular cisplatin sensitivity is associated with a 4-fold upregulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) by cisplatin; (iii) cellular cisplatin resistance is associated with a 2-fold upregulation of p53 by cisplatin.	Cisplatin	343-352	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
33868388-9	2021	Analysis of the associated metabolic changes in the cells indicates that (i) p21 knockdown restricts the production of 2-oxoglutarate via glutamate oxidation, stimulating that within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; (ii) cellular cisplatin sensitivity is associated with a 4-fold upregulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) by cisplatin; (iii) cellular cisplatin resistance is associated with a 2-fold upregulation of p53 by cisplatin.	Cisplatin	343-352	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
33868388-9	2021	Analysis of the associated metabolic changes in the cells indicates that (i) p21 knockdown restricts the production of 2-oxoglutarate via glutamate oxidation, stimulating that within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; (ii) cellular cisplatin sensitivity is associated with a 4-fold upregulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) by cisplatin; (iii) cellular cisplatin resistance is associated with a 2-fold upregulation of p53 by cisplatin.	Cisplatin	343-352	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
33482188-7	2021	MG-132 dose-dependently inhibited the growth of HPFs, induced G2/M phase arrest of cell cycle at a certain dose, and also caused cell apoptosis, with the levels of cleaved caspase3, cleaved PARP, Bax and p21 increased.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
33868388-10	2021	Correlation analysis of the p53 expression and enzymatic activities upon variations in cellular thiamine/ThDP levels indicates that p21 knockdown substitutes positive correlation of the p53 expression with the activity of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHC) for that with the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH).	Thiamine	96-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
33868388-10	2021	Correlation analysis of the p53 expression and enzymatic activities upon variations in cellular thiamine/ThDP levels indicates that p21 knockdown substitutes positive correlation of the p53 expression with the activity of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHC) for that with the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH).	Thiamine Pyrophosphate	105-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
33868388-12	2021	Thus, a p53/p21-dependent change in partitioning of the glutamate conversion to 2-oxoglutarate through GOT2 or GDH, linked to NAD(P)-dependent metabolism of 2-oxoglutarate in affiliated pathways, adapts A549 cells to thiamine deficiency or cisplatin treatment.	Glutamic Acid	56-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
33649826-7	2021	It was also demonstrated that curcumin regulated the cell cycle- and apoptosis-related proteins (cyclin D1, p21, Bcl2, cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP), leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in both ML-2 and OCI-AML5 cells.	Curcumin	30-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
33484789-4	2021	Exposure to E2 and Fen induced the cell growth and survival ability of MCF-7 cells by increasing the S-phase cells and regulating the cell cycle-related proteins (Cyclin D1 and E1, p21 and p27).	Estradiol	12-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
33732382-10	2021	Western blotting results also revealed the upregulation of p53 acetylation and p21, as well as the downregulation of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 in cells treated with cambinol.	cambinol	159-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
33710818-11	2021	PD166866 and RG7112, an MDM2/p53 inhibitor, cooperatively inhibited the colony formation and distal seeding of LSCC cells (P < 0.01), and upregulated the expression of p53 and p21.	PD 166866	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
33710818-11	2021	PD166866 and RG7112, an MDM2/p53 inhibitor, cooperatively inhibited the colony formation and distal seeding of LSCC cells (P < 0.01), and upregulated the expression of p53 and p21.	RG7112	13-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
33594879-6	2021	Cellular senescence-specific genes, such as p53 and p21, were downregulated on the PDA-coated substrate, while the stemness-related gene, OCT4, was upregulated.	polydopamine	83-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
33682127-6	2021	The gels containing 15/20 mM Lys/Arg exhibited a significant increase in the proportion of immobilized water (P21 ).	Lysine	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
33682127-6	2021	The gels containing 15/20 mM Lys/Arg exhibited a significant increase in the proportion of immobilized water (P21 ).	Arginine	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
33682127-6	2021	The gels containing 15/20 mM Lys/Arg exhibited a significant increase in the proportion of immobilized water (P21 ).	Water	103-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
33682127-7	2021	CONCLUSION: The enhancement of WHC, gel strength, and P21 was closely associated with the increased solubility and the dense microstructure induced by Lys and Arg with high concentrations of 15 mM and 20 mM.	Lysine	151-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
33682127-7	2021	CONCLUSION: The enhancement of WHC, gel strength, and P21 was closely associated with the increased solubility and the dense microstructure induced by Lys and Arg with high concentrations of 15 mM and 20 mM.	Arginine	159-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
33314719-15	2021	The expression of P21 and P53 significantly decreased in SNPC-exo-treated NPC after siRNA transfection (P < 0.05), followed by a higher growth rate (2 times higher on the 5th day and 1.5 times higher on the 7th day) and lower percentage of SA-beta-gal-positive NPC (22.5%).	2-chloro-10-(4'(N-beta-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl-1')acetylphenothiazine	240-242	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
33314719-15	2021	The expression of P21 and P53 significantly decreased in SNPC-exo-treated NPC after siRNA transfection (P < 0.05), followed by a higher growth rate (2 times higher on the 5th day and 1.5 times higher on the 7th day) and lower percentage of SA-beta-gal-positive NPC (22.5%).	cyclohexenoesculetin-beta-galactoside	247-251	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
33131875-0	2021	Epigenetic alterations induced by aflatoxin B1: An in vitro and in vivo approach with emphasis on enhancer of zeste homologue-2/p21 axis.	Aflatoxin B1	34-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
33131875-5	2021	We demonstrated a significant reduction in the expression of p21 with a remarkable increase in the expression of cyclin D1 that correlated with increased methylation of CpG dinucleotides in p21 proximal promoter, while cyclin D1 promoter remained unmethylated.	cytidylyl-3'-5'-guanosine	169-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
33131875-5	2021	We demonstrated a significant reduction in the expression of p21 with a remarkable increase in the expression of cyclin D1 that correlated with increased methylation of CpG dinucleotides in p21 proximal promoter, while cyclin D1 promoter remained unmethylated.	cytidylyl-3'-5'-guanosine	169-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
33663585-10	2021	RPPA and IHC demonstrated an increase in p21 expression in both combinatorial and single agent ALRN-6924 in vivo treatment groups.	alrn-6924	95-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
33484789-4	2021	Exposure to E2 and Fen induced the cell growth and survival ability of MCF-7 cells by increasing the S-phase cells and regulating the cell cycle-related proteins (Cyclin D1 and E1, p21 and p27).	N-(2,3-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylcyclohexanecarboxamide	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
33482334-9	2021	Ubiquinol was also more efficient compared to ubiquinone in reverting the expression of the senescent phenotype, quantified in terms of beta-galactosidase positivity, p21, collagen type 1, and elastin at the gene and protein expression levels.	ubiquinol	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
33461161-8	2021	RESULTS: As a result of oxidative stress, MiR-494-3p was increased via the p38MAPK-c-myc signaling pathway in the lung tissues and cells of patients with COPD, and the increase in miR-494-3p was accompanied by increases in senescence markers (p27, p21 and p16) and SASP proteins (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, MMP2 and MMP9).	mir-494-3p	42-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	248-251
33271245-0	2021	Methoxyeugenol regulates the p53/p21 pathway and suppresses human endometrial cancer cell proliferation.	4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
33073684-3	2021	Our results showed that GMSC-EVs robustly abrogated oxidative stress-induced upregulation in the expression of cellular senescence-related genes, such as beta-galactosidase, p21, p53, and gammaH2AX, and mTOR/pS6 signaling pathway, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and skin fibroblasts.	gmsc-evs	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
33271245-9	2021	Probably triggered by the higher ROS levels and mitochondrial dysfunction, the gene expression of p53 and p21 increased and the gene expression of CDK4/6 decreased in response to the methoxyeugenol treatment.	4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol	183-197	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
33118830-9	2021	Furthermore, Bim and p21 were upregulated in OS cells following apcin treatment.	apcin	64-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
33580595-4	2021	Resveratrol supplementation significantly increased mRNA expression levels of p53 and p21 genes, compared with the placebo group (fold change of p53 = 1.29, p = .04; fold change of p21 = 1.46, p = .006).	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
33427831-5	2021	The Bax/Bcl2 expression ratio was increased up to 11-fold in cells pre-treated with 60 muM limonoids for 48 h. Apart from this, the limonoids also induced the expression of p21, and exhibited anti-inflammatory activity through decreasing the expression of cox-2, NF-kappaB and IL-6.	Limonins	91-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
33981481-9	2021	Also, miR-199a-5p inhibited SIRT1, promoted p21 acetylation, and upregulated p21 expression, thus accelerating nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and IVDD.	-199a-5p	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
33981481-9	2021	Also, miR-199a-5p inhibited SIRT1, promoted p21 acetylation, and upregulated p21 expression, thus accelerating nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and IVDD.	-199a-5p	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
33427831-5	2021	The Bax/Bcl2 expression ratio was increased up to 11-fold in cells pre-treated with 60 muM limonoids for 48 h. Apart from this, the limonoids also induced the expression of p21, and exhibited anti-inflammatory activity through decreasing the expression of cox-2, NF-kappaB and IL-6.	Limonins	132-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
33580595-4	2021	Resveratrol supplementation significantly increased mRNA expression levels of p53 and p21 genes, compared with the placebo group (fold change of p53 = 1.29, p = .04; fold change of p21 = 1.46, p = .006).	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
33580595-7	2021	Resveratrol supplementation resulted in significant changes in p53 and p21 genes expression, while serum levels of sCD163/sTWEAK ratio also improved in the resveratrol group, without any significant change in adjusted sCD163 levels.	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
33529089-5	2021	Among the 10 resveratrol analogues, Pts and Pts nicotinate attenuated the expression of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, downregulated p21 and p53, and increased the production of NO in both angiotensin II and H2O2-induced endothelial senescence models.	Niacin	48-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
33579350-8	2021	Western blots showed an increase in apoptotic and senescence (p21) markers in all 5-AZA-dC-treated cells.	Azacitidine	82-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
33578781-4	2021	We found that FK866 markedly inhibited the senescent characteristics of hDPCs after exposure to H2O2, as revealed by an increase in the number of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal)-positive hDPCs and the upregulation of the p21 and p53 proteins, which acts as molecular indicators of cellular senescence.	N-(4-(1-benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)butyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylamide	14-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	244-247
32938226-6	2021	Liquiritigenin also upregulated two downstream genes of BRCA1 (p21 and DNA-damage-inducible 45 alpha), decreased cellular DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity, and reduced BRCA1 promoter methylation.	liquiritigenin	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
33455051-4	2021	Here, we demonstrate that the salt of lycorine, lycorine hydrochloride, significantly suppressed stress-induced premature cellular senescence (SIPS) by ~2-fold, as determined by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) staining and the expression of p16 and p21.	lycorine	38-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	272-275
33455051-4	2021	Here, we demonstrate that the salt of lycorine, lycorine hydrochloride, significantly suppressed stress-induced premature cellular senescence (SIPS) by ~2-fold, as determined by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) staining and the expression of p16 and p21.	Lycorine hydrochloride	48-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	272-275
33517274-5	2021	Flow cytometry, western blotting, and caspase-3/7 assays revealed that CCL299 induced G1-phase cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis that was associated with up-regulation of p-p53 (Ser15) and p21 expression and the down-regulation of p-CDK2 (Thr160) expression.	ccl299	71-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
33359023-3	2021	Besides, dioscin could inhibit the proliferation of Ishikawa cells by blocking the G0/G1 cell cycle through up-regulation of p16, p21, and p27 and down-regulation of cycle-cellular protein (Cyclin A/D/E) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK2/4/6).	dioscin	9-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
33486250-6	2021	Here we investigated how curcumin affects the p53-p21 pathway in fluoride toxicity.	Curcumin	25-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
32786121-7	2021	We further show that SENP1 depletion synergizes with DNA damage-inducing agent etoposide to induce p53 activation and the expression of p21, leading to synergistic growth inhibition of cancer cells.	Etoposide	79-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
33010383-6	2021	The MEK inhibitor trametinib (GSK) and PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor dactolisib (BEZ) were shown to abrogate Nurr1-augmented tumorigenesis by upregulating p21 and p27 expression and by suppressing MMP9 and KLF4 expression.	dactolisib	64-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
33010383-6	2021	The MEK inhibitor trametinib (GSK) and PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor dactolisib (BEZ) were shown to abrogate Nurr1-augmented tumorigenesis by upregulating p21 and p27 expression and by suppressing MMP9 and KLF4 expression.	bez	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
33535351-1	2021	The human epigenetic gene of SET domain containing 2 (SETD2) is located at the cytogenetic band p21.31 of chromosome 3, which encodes the histone3 lysine36 trimethyltransferase SETD2, the major enzyme that catalyzes the trimethylation of lysine 36 on histone 3 (H3K36me3) of human.	lysine36	147-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
33535351-1	2021	The human epigenetic gene of SET domain containing 2 (SETD2) is located at the cytogenetic band p21.31 of chromosome 3, which encodes the histone3 lysine36 trimethyltransferase SETD2, the major enzyme that catalyzes the trimethylation of lysine 36 on histone 3 (H3K36me3) of human.	Lysine	147-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
33438556-11	2021	P21 mRNAs expression altered in all mentioned samples except those treated with 50 (mug/ml) of resveratrol.	Resveratrol	95-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
33432584-7	2021	We found that melatonin treatment attenuated d-gal-induced cell senescence and decreased the expression of p21, p16 and pp65 proteins.	Melatonin	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
33010383-6	2021	The MEK inhibitor trametinib (GSK) and PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor dactolisib (BEZ) were shown to abrogate Nurr1-augmented tumorigenesis by upregulating p21 and p27 expression and by suppressing MMP9 and KLF4 expression.	trametinib	18-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
33494463-1	2021	The crystal structures of two azobenzene derivative Schiff base metal complexes (new C44H40CuN6O2 of P-1 and known C44H38MnN6O7 of P21/c abbreviated as Cu and Mn, respectively) were (re-)determined experimentally using conventional X-ray analysis to obtain electron density using a PLATON program.	azobenzene	30-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-136
33494463-1	2021	The crystal structures of two azobenzene derivative Schiff base metal complexes (new C44H40CuN6O2 of P-1 and known C44H38MnN6O7 of P21/c abbreviated as Cu and Mn, respectively) were (re-)determined experimentally using conventional X-ray analysis to obtain electron density using a PLATON program.	Schiff Bases	52-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-136
33494463-1	2021	The crystal structures of two azobenzene derivative Schiff base metal complexes (new C44H40CuN6O2 of P-1 and known C44H38MnN6O7 of P21/c abbreviated as Cu and Mn, respectively) were (re-)determined experimentally using conventional X-ray analysis to obtain electron density using a PLATON program.	Metals	64-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-136
33039867-10	2021	Phosphor-p53, a downstream molecule of ATM signaling, and p21, a direct target of p53, were upregulated in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 cells.	sodium arsenite	107-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
33039867-11	2021	Unexpectedly, p21 was also elevated in NaAsO2-exposed p53-null PC-3 cells.	sodium arsenite	39-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
33520087-4	2021	Additionally, berbamine induced cell cycle arrest at S phase by a synergistic mechanism involving stimulation of P21 and P27 protein expression as well as downregulation of CyclinD, CyclinA2, and CDK2 protein expression.	berbamine	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
33486250-6	2021	Here we investigated how curcumin affects the p53-p21 pathway in fluoride toxicity.	Fluorides	65-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
33486250-13	2021	However, curcumin itself significantly increased Ac-p53 and upregulated p21 protein levels to suppress cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.	Curcumin	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
33486250-14	2021	Curcumin suppressed fluoride-induced phosphorylation of p21 and increased p21 levels within the nuclear fraction.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
33486250-14	2021	Curcumin suppressed fluoride-induced phosphorylation of p21 and increased p21 levels within the nuclear fraction.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
33486250-14	2021	Curcumin suppressed fluoride-induced phosphorylation of p21 and increased p21 levels within the nuclear fraction.	Fluorides	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
33486250-14	2021	Curcumin suppressed fluoride-induced phosphorylation of p21 and increased p21 levels within the nuclear fraction.	Fluorides	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
33486250-16	2021	These results suggest that curcumin-induced Ac-p53 and p21 led to cell cycle arrest, while curcumin attenuated fluoride-mediated apoptosis via activation of Akt and suppressed fluoride-mediated DNA damage.	Curcumin	27-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
32451414-7	2021	RNA-sequencing analyses revealed that avasimibe suppressed the expression of CDK2, cyclin E1, CDK4, cyclin D, CDK1, cyclin B1, Aurora A, and PLK1, while induced the expression of p53, p21, p27, and GADD45A, which was validated by Western blot analysis.	avasimibe	38-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
33428109-9	2021	The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin mitigated TGF-beta-induced expression of p21, p16, and DNA damage foci and improved replicative potential of preadipocytes, supporting the cell-specific response to this cytokine.	Sirolimus	19-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
32451414-8	2021	These results demonstrated that avasimibe induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in glioblastoma cells, which was associated with arresting the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and G2/M phase by regulating the p53/p21 pathway, p53/GADD45A and Aurora A/PLK1 signaling pathways.	avasimibe	32-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
32807067-9	2021	Moreover, we found that not only pioglitazone reduced the survival rate of NB4 through the induction of p21-mediated G1 arrest, also elevated the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which was coupled with upregulated FOXO3a.	Pioglitazone	33-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
33129231-8	2021	RESULTS: PR-619 could inhibit ESCC cell growth and induce G2/M cell cycle arrest by downregulating cyclin B1 and upregulating p21.	2,6-diaminopyridine-3,5-bis(thiocyanate)	9-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
33035554-5	2021	At the same time, EPZ015666 regulated cell cycle related protein (P53, P21, P27, CDK2) expression.	GSK3235025	18-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
33297115-0	2021	A prolonged exposure of human lung carcinoma epithelial cells to benzo[a]pyrene induces p21-dependent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenotype.	Benzo(a)pyrene	65-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
33297115-7	2021	Since BaP decreased cell proliferative rate via induction of p21 expression, we generated the A549 cell model with reduced p21 expression and exposed it to BaP for two weeks.	Benzo(a)pyrene	6-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
33035554-6	2021	In brief, our study showed that PRMT5 promoted retinoblastoma growth, the PRMT5 inhibitor EPZ015666 inhibited retinoblastoma in vitro by regulating P53-P21/P27-CDK2 signaling pathways and slowed retinoblastoma growth in a xenograft model.	GSK3235025	90-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
33131904-8	2021	The mechanism of mebendazole was associated with p53-independent induction of p21 and tubule depolymerization.	Mebendazole	17-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
33437209-7	2021	Furthermore, p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate gradually increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase positive cells while upregulated the expression of p21 which participate in senescent process.	4-cresol	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
33437209-7	2021	Furthermore, p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate gradually increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase positive cells while upregulated the expression of p21 which participate in senescent process.	Indican	26-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
33442400-4	2021	In this study, we demonstrate that BIX-01294 triggered the inhibition of human DLBCL cell proliferation, lead to G1 phase arrest via increasing P21 level and reducing cyclin E level.	BIX 01294	35-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
33394232-10	2021	The up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of Cyclin-A1, Cyclin-B1, and Cdk-1 revealed the G2/M phase arrest mechanism of acacetin and apigenin.	acacetin	124-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
32924682-8	2021	Finally, we observed that p21 protein expression was up regulated upon the use of ALRN-6924 (Aileron) while no significant changes were seen in p53, MDM2 and MDM4 expression.	alrn-6924	82-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
33394232-10	2021	The up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of Cyclin-A1, Cyclin-B1, and Cdk-1 revealed the G2/M phase arrest mechanism of acacetin and apigenin.	Apigenin	137-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
33296752-6	2021	We found that ABA is produced by human marrow cells, and exogenous ABA inhibits PCa cell proliferation while increasing the expression of p27, p21, and p16 and decreasing the expression of the proliferation marker, Ki67.	Abscisic Acid	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
33409152-9	2020	Treatment with DSF/Cu induced oxidative stress and DNA damage response by elevating the reactive oxygen species levels; increasing the expression of P53, P21, and gamma-H2AX proteins; and inhibiting Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in vitro and in vivo.	Disulfiram	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
33409258-9	2020	Imatinib and GNF-5 induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest by downregulating Skp2 and upregulating p27 and p21.	Imatinib Mesylate	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
33240430-9	2021	5-FU induced apoptosis through p53-p21 activity, while chrysin arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase.	Fluorouracil	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
33425912-9	2020	Western blot in SW780 cells also confirmed that the combined use of EGCG and DOX caused significant increase in p53, p21, and cleaved-PARP expression, and induced significant inhibition in phosphorylated NF-kappaB and MDM2.	epigallocatechin gallate	68-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
33425912-9	2020	Western blot in SW780 cells also confirmed that the combined use of EGCG and DOX caused significant increase in p53, p21, and cleaved-PARP expression, and induced significant inhibition in phosphorylated NF-kappaB and MDM2.	Doxorubicin	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
33409152-9	2020	Treatment with DSF/Cu induced oxidative stress and DNA damage response by elevating the reactive oxygen species levels; increasing the expression of P53, P21, and gamma-H2AX proteins; and inhibiting Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in vitro and in vivo.	Copper	19-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
33298132-0	2020	Chidamide increases the sensitivity of refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia cells to anthracyclines via regulation of the HDAC3 -AKT-P21-CDK2 signaling pathway.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
33012506-3	2020	CYZ2017 treatment led to increase of p53 levels and induced the transactivation of its target genes p21.	cyz2017	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
33322048-5	2020	LCTP also induced the cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, confirmed by decrease of CDK2 protein and increase of p53 and p21.	intybin	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
33316776-0	2020	Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins-induced premature senescence of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the SIRT1/p53/Ac-p53/p21 axis through oxidative mechanism.	Triglycerides	13-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
33298132-0	2020	Chidamide increases the sensitivity of refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia cells to anthracyclines via regulation of the HDAC3 -AKT-P21-CDK2 signaling pathway.	Anthracyclines	94-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
33298132-6	2020	We found that the HDAC3-AKT-P21-CDK2 signaling pathway was significantly upregulated in anthracycline-resistant AML cells compared to non-resistant cells.	Anthracyclines	88-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
33298132-9	2020	Chidamide increases the sensitivity of anthracycline-resistant cells to anthracycline drugs, and these effects are associated with the inhibition of the HDAC3-AKT-P21-CDK2 signaling pathway.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
33241756-6	2021	In addition, we found that HOTAIR promoted ATRA-induced differentiation via the regulation of the cell cycle regulator p21 via miR-17-5p.	Tretinoin	43-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
33298132-9	2020	Chidamide increases the sensitivity of anthracycline-resistant cells to anthracycline drugs, and these effects are associated with the inhibition of the HDAC3-AKT-P21-CDK2 signaling pathway.	Anthracyclines	39-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
33298132-10	2020	CONCLUSION: Chidamide can increase anthracycline drug sensitivity by inhibiting HDAC3-AKT-P21-CDK2 signaling pathway, thus demonstrating the potential for application.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	12-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
33298132-10	2020	CONCLUSION: Chidamide can increase anthracycline drug sensitivity by inhibiting HDAC3-AKT-P21-CDK2 signaling pathway, thus demonstrating the potential for application.	Anthracyclines	35-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
33291321-6	2020	We have used nanocomplexes composed of siRNA and a beta-cyclodextrin derivative, AMC6, with a very high transfection efficiency to selectively knockdown clathrin heavy chain, caveolin 1, and p21 Activated Kinase 1 to specifically block clathrin-mediated, caveolin-mediated and macropinocytosis endocytic pathways.	betadex	51-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
33291321-6	2020	We have used nanocomplexes composed of siRNA and a beta-cyclodextrin derivative, AMC6, with a very high transfection efficiency to selectively knockdown clathrin heavy chain, caveolin 1, and p21 Activated Kinase 1 to specifically block clathrin-mediated, caveolin-mediated and macropinocytosis endocytic pathways.	amc6	81-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
33276759-14	2020	Additionally, radotinib and Ara-C co-treatment induced G0/G1 arrest via the induction of CDKIs such as p21 and p27 and the inhibition of CDK2 and cyclin E. Thus, radotinib/Ara-C induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest via the regulation of the CDKI-CDK-cyclin cascade in AML cells.	4-methyl-N-(3-(4-methylimidazol-1-yl)-5-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-(4-pyrazin-2-ylpyrimidin-2-ylamino)benzamide	162-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
33276759-14	2020	Additionally, radotinib and Ara-C co-treatment induced G0/G1 arrest via the induction of CDKIs such as p21 and p27 and the inhibition of CDK2 and cyclin E. Thus, radotinib/Ara-C induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest via the regulation of the CDKI-CDK-cyclin cascade in AML cells.	Cytarabine	172-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
33276759-14	2020	Additionally, radotinib and Ara-C co-treatment induced G0/G1 arrest via the induction of CDKIs such as p21 and p27 and the inhibition of CDK2 and cyclin E. Thus, radotinib/Ara-C induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest via the regulation of the CDKI-CDK-cyclin cascade in AML cells.	4-methyl-N-(3-(4-methylimidazol-1-yl)-5-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-(4-pyrazin-2-ylpyrimidin-2-ylamino)benzamide	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
33969806-4	2022	Moreover, we found the altered expression of p21, p27, c-Myc, and CDK4 upon co-treatment of the cells with panobinostat and BKM120, which was associated with a substantial blockage of cell cycle progression at G2/M phase.	Panobinostat	107-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
33276759-14	2020	Additionally, radotinib and Ara-C co-treatment induced G0/G1 arrest via the induction of CDKIs such as p21 and p27 and the inhibition of CDK2 and cyclin E. Thus, radotinib/Ara-C induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest via the regulation of the CDKI-CDK-cyclin cascade in AML cells.	Cytarabine	28-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
33287214-6	2020	In RWPE-1 cells, arecoline increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-1, p21, and cyclins B1 and D3, decreased the expression of CDK2, and had no effects on CDK4 and cyclin D1 expression.	Arecoline	17-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
33287214-8	2020	In LNCaP cells, arecoline decreased CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 expression; increased p21, p27, and cyclin D3 expression; had no effects on CDK1 and cyclin B1 expression.	Arecoline	16-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
32986180-5	2020	Microarray assay, real-time PCR and western blot results revealed that AOS was able to effectively suppress H2O2-induced apoptosis via regulated integrin-alpha/FAK/PI3K pathway by influencing the expression of integrin-alpha, FAK, PI3K, PTEN, P21, and CDK2.	Hydrogen Peroxide	108-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	243-246
32985761-10	2020	Treatment with both TCDD and PUFAs collaboratively enhanced the levels of AHR, CYP1A1, p53, p21, Rb and regucalcin.	Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins	20-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
32985761-10	2020	Treatment with both TCDD and PUFAs collaboratively enhanced the levels of AHR, CYP1A1, p53, p21, Rb and regucalcin.	Fatty Acids, Unsaturated	29-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
33302580-7	2020	We demonstrated that the temporal treatment of HCT116 and MCF-7 cancer cells (both p53 wild-type) with DPI caused induction of senescence, that was correlated with decreased level of ROS and upregulation of p53/p21 proteins.	diphenyleneiodonium	103-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
33274583-4	2020	In vitro, cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C-3-R) and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C-3-G) inhibited the d-galactose (d-gal)-induced senescence in human endothelial cells, as indicated by reduced senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase activity, p21, and p16INK4a .	cyanidin 3-rutinoside	10-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
33274583-4	2020	In vitro, cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C-3-R) and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C-3-G) inhibited the d-galactose (d-gal)-induced senescence in human endothelial cells, as indicated by reduced senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase activity, p21, and p16INK4a .	cyanidin-3-o-glucoside	44-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
33274583-4	2020	In vitro, cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C-3-R) and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C-3-G) inhibited the d-galactose (d-gal)-induced senescence in human endothelial cells, as indicated by reduced senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase activity, p21, and p16INK4a .	cyanidin-3-o-glucoside	66-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
33274583-4	2020	In vitro, cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C-3-R) and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C-3-G) inhibited the d-galactose (d-gal)-induced senescence in human endothelial cells, as indicated by reduced senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase activity, p21, and p16INK4a .	Galactose	87-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
33274583-4	2020	In vitro, cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C-3-R) and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C-3-G) inhibited the d-galactose (d-gal)-induced senescence in human endothelial cells, as indicated by reduced senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase activity, p21, and p16INK4a .	Galactose	87-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
32985761-6	2020	Mechanistically, TCDD treatment increased the protein levels of cell growth suppressors, including p53, Rb, p21 and regucalcin, and caspase-3 implicated in apoptotic cell death, and decreased the levels of Stat3, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/Erk1/2) and phospho-MAPK/Erk1/2.	Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins	17-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
33969806-4	2022	Moreover, we found the altered expression of p21, p27, c-Myc, and CDK4 upon co-treatment of the cells with panobinostat and BKM120, which was associated with a substantial blockage of cell cycle progression at G2/M phase.	NVP-BKM120	124-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
33002483-4	2020	T-17 showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity in SGC-7901 and AGS cell lines, it induced caspase-mediated apoptosis as well as G0/G1 phase arrest and modulation of cyclinE2 and p21 expression.	t-17	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
33303057-10	2020	Flow cytometry analysis and western blot showed that CG induced G2/M arrest with p21 protein upregulation and cyclinB1 protein downregulation.	cg	53-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
33303057-13	2020	In conclusion, this study indicated that CG obviously inhibited A549 cell proliferation, and its mechanism may induce autophagy of A549 cells through EGFR/MEK/ERK/LC3 pathway to upregulate the expression of P21, thus lead to G2/M phase arrest to exert an anti-tumor role.	cg	41-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
31875458-6	2020	Additionally, ML suppressed the expression of cyclin-A/B and promoted that of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27.	lucidone	14-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
32957040-6	2020	Co-treatment with p21 inhibitor UC2288 showed an additive effect on QGP-1 and NCI-H727 cell lines indicating p21 upregulation in these two cell lines might confer resistance towards ART treatment.	UC2288	32-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
32957040-6	2020	Co-treatment with p21 inhibitor UC2288 showed an additive effect on QGP-1 and NCI-H727 cell lines indicating p21 upregulation in these two cell lines might confer resistance towards ART treatment.	UC2288	32-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
33260632-5	2020	The results showed that GSPs inhibited the viability of HepG2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, induced apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, and regulated cell cycle-related proteins, cyclin B1, cyclin-dependent kinase 1, and p21.	Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins	24-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	243-246
33496141-10	2020	FPS and VE could both ameliorate the changes of SA-beta-gal staining characteristics and klotho, P53 and P21 protein expression levels in the HK-2 cells exposed to D-gal.	Galactose	164-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
32950500-5	2020	NA20 bound to DNA and p53 identified by a combination of drug tracking, DNA relaxation assay and coimmunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (CoIP-MS) detection, which led to the p21 activation and the suppression of EGFR signal cascading, thereby evoking cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis, finally leading to cancer cell inhibition both in vitro and in vivo.	na20	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
33312341-7	2020	Western blot analysis showed that 6,8-diprenylorobol treatment increased the expression of cleaved PARP1, cleaved caspase-3, FOXO3, Bax, Bim, p21, and p27 but decreased the expression of Bcl2 and BclXL.	6,8-Diprenylorobol	34-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
33140956-6	2020	Furthermore, effective cellular activity is achieved by the stapled 1:1 alpha/Sulfono-gamma-AA peptides, evidenced by significantly enhanced p53 transcriptional activity and much more induced level of MDM2 and p21.	alpha/sulfono-gamma-aa	72-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
33173023-10	2020	Treatment of U251 and C6 cells with PP-4-one markedly enhanced p21 expression relative to the control.	pp-4-one	36-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
33171937-4	2020	Knockdown of LINC0973 decreases p21 levels, activates cellular proliferation of cancer cells, and suppresses apoptosis of drug-treated cells.	linc0973	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
33050470-6	2020	Treatment of NCCIT-R with both drugs increased acetylation, induced cell cycle arrest, reduced proliferation, decreased Ki67 index, and increased p21, while increasing cell death by apoptosis, with upregulation of cleaved caspase 3.	nccit-r	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
33368049-9	2020	The PI3K/Akt/ERK phosphorylation was inhibited, while p21 and p53, death receptor, expression was promoted by DPMPP treatment.	dpmpp	110-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
32934683-6	2020	Combined rAd-p53 and curcumin treatment resulted in higher p53 (P<0.01) and p21 (P<0.01) expression compared with rAd-p53 or curcumin were added alone, suggesting an additive effect on TP53 expression.	Curcumin	21-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
33017771-7	2020	Consistent with the greater anti-proliferative effect, butyrate exhibits >3-fold stronger potential for inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase with a drop in S-phase fraction (including c-Myc/p21 signaling) and apoptosis when compared with acetate and propionate.	Butyrates	55-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
33101585-8	2020	Phillyrin treatment upregulated the expressions of cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and cyclin A and downregulated the expressions of p21 and p-p53, thereby reversing the G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in H2O2-treated RPE cells.	phillyrin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
32901866-7	2020	Moreover, OTS514 further decreased the SIRT1 transcriptional activity decreased by H2O2, but promoted the H2O2-induced p53 or p21 transcriptional activity.	Hydrogen Peroxide	106-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
33149614-8	2020	Additionally, zeaxanthin caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase by increasing the levels of p21 and p27 and reduced the levels of AKT, Cyclin A, Cyclin B1, and Cyclin-dependent kinase 1/2 (CDK1/2).	Zeaxanthins	14-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
33008277-0	2021	Kojic acid enhances the proliferation of human corneal epithelial cells via p38 and p21 signaling pathways.	kojic acid	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
33008277-6	2021	RESULTS: Kojic acid could enhance HCEp proliferation, characterized by promoting cell proliferation rate, decreasing the expression levels of p21, galectin 8 and ki67, and increasing that of p-p38.	kojic acid	9-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
33008277-6	2021	RESULTS: Kojic acid could enhance HCEp proliferation, characterized by promoting cell proliferation rate, decreasing the expression levels of p21, galectin 8 and ki67, and increasing that of p-p38.	hcep	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
33008277-8	2021	Furthermore, knockdown of p21 had similar enhancive proliferation effect to kojic acid.	kojic acid	76-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
33008277-9	2021	CONCLUSION: Kojic acid might enhance HCEp proliferation through p38 and p21 signaling pathways, potentially via reduced expression levels of galectin 8 and ki67.	kojic acid	12-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
33008277-9	2021	CONCLUSION: Kojic acid might enhance HCEp proliferation through p38 and p21 signaling pathways, potentially via reduced expression levels of galectin 8 and ki67.	hcep	37-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
32533982-6	2020	In contrast, deactivating MAPK pathway by ZXF1 silencing enhanced cisplatin-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by activating p53/p21 axis.	Cisplatin	66-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
32988875-7	2020	In addition, AZT treatment induced up-regulation of p21 and p16 in the TOV21G and CaOV3 cell line, respectively.	Zidovudine	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
32988887-7	2020	Treatment with UC2288, a p21 inhibitor, attenuated proliferation of both cell lines, more prominently in JHOC-9, resulting in reduced viability and subsequent apoptosis.	UC2288	15-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
32768576-10	2020	Cisplatin-apigenin combination was shown to produce significantly more S phase prolongation and G2/M cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis compared with cisplatin or apigenin alone, by inducing p21 and PUMA, respectively.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
32768576-10	2020	Cisplatin-apigenin combination was shown to produce significantly more S phase prolongation and G2/M cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis compared with cisplatin or apigenin alone, by inducing p21 and PUMA, respectively.	Apigenin	10-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
32847975-4	2020	The novel histone deacetylase inhibitor OBP-801 induces p21 and has shown efficacy against various cancers.	YM753 compound	40-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
32977573-6	2020	Pre-treatment with sauchinone induced down-regulation of cyclins/CDKs and up-regulation of CDK inhibitor, p21, and p27kip1 expression.	sauchinone	19-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
31956937-4	2020	The cell cycle analysis and western blot analysis revealed that LIQ induced G2/M phase arrest through increased expression of p21 and decreased levels of p27, cyclin B, and CDK1/2.	liquiritin	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
32659428-12	2020	MCC2344 induced cell death in CEM/ADR5000 cells by activation of PARP, caspase-3, and p21 in addition to the downregulation of p62.	mcc2344	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
33040777-6	2020	MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with cisatracurium of different concentrations for 48 h. CCK-8method detected cell proliferation, Transwell detected cell migration and invasion, Western Blot method detected the expression levels of CyclinD1, p21, MMP-2andMMP-9protein in cells, RT-qPCR) detected the expression level of miR-3174in cells.	cisatracurium	35-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
33040777-8	2020	After different concentrations of Cisatracurium acted on MDA-MB-231 cells, the cell inhibition rate and p21 protein expression were significantly increased (p<0.05), the number of cell migration and invasion and the expression levels of CyclinD1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly reduced (p<0.05), and the expression of miR-3174 in cells was significantly reduced (p<0.05).	cisatracurium	34-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
33046993-8	2020	Our results showed that curcumin induced ROS accumulation, apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, and cellular senescence accompanied by upregulation of p53 and p21 proteins in SiHa cells.	Curcumin	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
32419149-9	2020	14,15beta-dihydroxyklaineanone induced S cell cycle arrest by downregulating the expression levels of cyclin A, p-CDK2, cyclin B1, p21, E2F-1 and PCNA.	14,15beta-dihydroxyklaineanone	0-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
32577785-7	2020	It is also noticeable that AZD9291 + ABT263 specifically caused a significantly reduced expression of p21 compared with AZD9291 or ABT263 treatment alone while AZD9291 + ABT199 specifically caused significantly reduced expressions of SQSTM1 and survivin, but increased expression of autophagosome marker LC3-II compared with AZD9291 or ABT199 treatment alone.	osimertinib	27-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
32577785-7	2020	It is also noticeable that AZD9291 + ABT263 specifically caused a significantly reduced expression of p21 compared with AZD9291 or ABT263 treatment alone while AZD9291 + ABT199 specifically caused significantly reduced expressions of SQSTM1 and survivin, but increased expression of autophagosome marker LC3-II compared with AZD9291 or ABT199 treatment alone.	navitoclax	37-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
32577785-7	2020	It is also noticeable that AZD9291 + ABT263 specifically caused a significantly reduced expression of p21 compared with AZD9291 or ABT263 treatment alone while AZD9291 + ABT199 specifically caused significantly reduced expressions of SQSTM1 and survivin, but increased expression of autophagosome marker LC3-II compared with AZD9291 or ABT199 treatment alone.	osimertinib	120-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
32577785-7	2020	It is also noticeable that AZD9291 + ABT263 specifically caused a significantly reduced expression of p21 compared with AZD9291 or ABT263 treatment alone while AZD9291 + ABT199 specifically caused significantly reduced expressions of SQSTM1 and survivin, but increased expression of autophagosome marker LC3-II compared with AZD9291 or ABT199 treatment alone.	navitoclax	131-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
32577785-7	2020	It is also noticeable that AZD9291 + ABT263 specifically caused a significantly reduced expression of p21 compared with AZD9291 or ABT263 treatment alone while AZD9291 + ABT199 specifically caused significantly reduced expressions of SQSTM1 and survivin, but increased expression of autophagosome marker LC3-II compared with AZD9291 or ABT199 treatment alone.	osimertinib	120-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
32577785-7	2020	It is also noticeable that AZD9291 + ABT263 specifically caused a significantly reduced expression of p21 compared with AZD9291 or ABT263 treatment alone while AZD9291 + ABT199 specifically caused significantly reduced expressions of SQSTM1 and survivin, but increased expression of autophagosome marker LC3-II compared with AZD9291 or ABT199 treatment alone.	venetoclax	170-176	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
32450006-10	2020	We also found that Entinostat caused increased acetylation histones H3 or H4, and changes in the expression of cell cycle-associated proteins such as p21.	entinostat	19-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
32982289-8	2020	The molecular data showed that TB up-regulated the gene expressions of NOXA, PUMA, P21, Bax, and Bim and up-regulated the protein expressions of ASK-1, Bax, phosphorylated JNK, and phosphorylated c-Jun with down-regulation of Bcl-2.	theabrownin	31-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
32679123-5	2020	The treatment of nifedipine dose-dependently suppressed H2O2-induced senescence by reducing Ca2+ entry, autophagy impairment and mTOR signaling, and this suppression was found to be related to senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) activity and the expressions of senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30), p53, and p21.	Nifedipine	17-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	327-330
32679123-5	2020	The treatment of nifedipine dose-dependently suppressed H2O2-induced senescence by reducing Ca2+ entry, autophagy impairment and mTOR signaling, and this suppression was found to be related to senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) activity and the expressions of senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30), p53, and p21.	Hydrogen Peroxide	56-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	327-330
30638055-3	2020	Valtrate induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M stage and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, with reduced expression of p-Akt (Ser 473), cyclin B1 and caspase 8, and increased expression of p21, p-cdc2, cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 7 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).	valtrate	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
32872665-5	2020	In addition, CD treatment led to cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and inhibited expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinases 2 and 4 and led to increased levels of p21, p27Kip1 and p53.	Cadmium	13-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
32917321-9	2020	Western blot analysis further demonstrated that hinokitiol treatment increased the levels of p53 and p21, and concomitantly reduced the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, including cyclin D and cyclin E. SA-beta-gal assay showed that hinokitiol treatment significantly induced beta-galactosidase activity.	beta-thujaplicin	48-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
33164374-8	2020	Flavonoids of Sophorae Fructus significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of Huh7 cells(P<0.05), promoted the expression of p21 protein(P<0.05), and inhibited the expressions of cyclinD1, MMP-2 and MMP-9(P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner, and could reduce the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9(P<0.05).	Flavonoids	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
32705219-8	2020	Moreover, by using western blot analysis, we determined that EA increased the protein expression of the p53 target proteins p21, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) [also known as Bcl-2-binding component 3 (BBC3)] and Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (NOXA).	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	228-259	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
32478947-3	2020	The results revealed that doxorubicin (Adriamycin [ADR]) concentrations 10 to 40 times less than commonly used in previous studies induced the DNA damage-dependent G2-checkpoint and completed apoptosis within the same time frame, regardless of the presence or absence of p53, p21, and PUMA.	Doxorubicin	26-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	276-279
32478947-3	2020	The results revealed that doxorubicin (Adriamycin [ADR]) concentrations 10 to 40 times less than commonly used in previous studies induced the DNA damage-dependent G2-checkpoint and completed apoptosis within the same time frame, regardless of the presence or absence of p53, p21, and PUMA.	Doxorubicin	39-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	276-279
32497684-5	2020	Passive dosing was applied in a novel format to expose the MCL-5 human lymphoblastoid cell line to the pro-carcinogen, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and was compared to solvent (dimethyl sulphoxide) spiked B[a]P exposures over 48 h. Passive dosing induced greater changes, at lower concentrations, to micronucleus frequency, p21 mRNA expression, cell cycle abnormalities, and cell and nuclear morphology.	Phosphorus	0-1	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	318-321
32843583-2	2020	Here we show that prolonged treatment of HDFs with Y-27632 decreased their growth by inducing senescence, which was associated with induction of the senescence markers p16 and p21, and downmodulation of the ERK pathways.	Y 27632	51-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
32160736-3	2020	Moreover, we suggested that the ability of BKM120 to induce its anti-proliferative properties was mediated through the induction of p21-mediated G2/M cell cycle arrest.	NVP-BKM120	43-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
32859062-4	2020	The study aim was to evaluate how the RSV or CRM associated to CisPt treatment modulated some cellular processes such as proliferation, P21 gene expression, apoptotic process, and cell cycle development in HNSCC tumor cell line (PE/CA-PJ49) compared to a normal cell line (HUVEC).	Resveratrol	38-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
32859062-4	2020	The study aim was to evaluate how the RSV or CRM associated to CisPt treatment modulated some cellular processes such as proliferation, P21 gene expression, apoptotic process, and cell cycle development in HNSCC tumor cell line (PE/CA-PJ49) compared to a normal cell line (HUVEC).	cispt	63-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
32859062-6	2020	These natural compounds act against proliferation and sustain the effects of cisplatin by cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and amplification of P21 expression in tumor cells.	Cisplatin	77-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
32445704-9	2020	PRI-1203, but not PRI-1204, increased the percentage of A375 and RPMI7951 melanoma cells in the G0/G1 phase of cell cycle, possibly in a p21 and p27 independent manner.	pri-1203	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
32807213-8	2020	Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction and Western blot analysis showed increased p21 and decreased cyclin D. Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction and western blot analysis showed that levobupivacaine significantly increased Bax expression, accompanied by a significant decreased Bcl-2 expression and inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.	Levobupivacaine	187-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
32449315-0	2020	Long intergenic noncoding RNA 00021 promotes glioblastoma temozolomide resistance by epigenetically silencing p21 through Notch pathway.	Temozolomide	58-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
32913496-4	2020	MiR-1236-3p inhibited PCa cells growth and metastasis by activating p21.	mir-1236-3p	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
32913496-7	2020	We demonstrated that miR-1236-3p significantly suppressed the AKT pathway by inhibiting TLR2 expression while activating p21 expression in PCa cells; this influence was independent of p21 activation.	mir-1236-3p	21-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
32470748-6	2020	Remarkably, P53, P21, BAX, and SMAD4 were significantly upregulated after PL treatment whereas; BCL2 and SURVIVIN were down-regulated.	piperlonguminine	74-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
32626938-7	2020	Furthermore, ISO induced G2/M cell cycle arrest by decreasing the expression levels of cyclin B1 and CDK1/2, and increasing the expression levels of p21 and p27 in A549 cells.	homoorientin	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
32736525-11	2020	RESULTS: In vitro, FK506 downregulated telomerase reverse transcriptase expression, resulting in decreased telomerase activity and subsequent induction of p21 expression and cell senescence.	Tacrolimus	19-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
32627020-11	2020	Subsequently, TBMS1 inhibited DNA synthesis and induced G2/M phase arrest by targeting the PI3K/Akt/p21 and the cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin B1 signaling cascades.	tubeimoside I	14-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
32705888-8	2021	Genistein increased the expression levels of p53 and p21 with decreased phosphorylated p21, but did not affect the levels of major cyclin-CDK complexes.	Genistein	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
32744980-11	2021	o-OHVPA acted as HDACI in HeLa cells without affecting the HDAC8 expression, arresting the cell cycle of HeLa cells in the G0/G1 phase due to the increase in p21 expression with inhibition of caspase-3 activity without exhibiting toxicity toward normal cells.	o-ohvpa	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
32774686-6	2020	Furthermore, GA-D markedly inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of p21 and p16 proteins, relieved the cell cycle arrest, and enhanced telomerase activity in senescent hAMSCs.	ganoderic acid D	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
32705888-0	2021	Genistein Suppresses v-Src-Driven Proliferative Activity by Arresting the Cell-Cycle at G2/M through Increasing p21 Level in Src-Activated Human Gallbladder Carcinoma cells.	Genistein	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
32705888-8	2021	Genistein increased the expression levels of p53 and p21 with decreased phosphorylated p21, but did not affect the levels of major cyclin-CDK complexes.	Genistein	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
32705888-9	2021	Taken together, genistein would be considered as the only isoflavone component that may potentially suppress Src-driven proliferative activity by arresting at G2/M induction through increasing the p21 levels, thus providing the mechanistic rationale for the potential use of genistein for the prevention of human cancers with activated Src.	Genistein	16-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
32722075-8	2020	In addition, LY and TAM combination induced the apoptotic genes Caspase-3, Caspase-7, and p53, as well as p21 as cell cycle promotor, and significantly downregulated the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2 and survivin.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	13-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
32722075-8	2020	In addition, LY and TAM combination induced the apoptotic genes Caspase-3, Caspase-7, and p53, as well as p21 as cell cycle promotor, and significantly downregulated the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2 and survivin.	Tamoxifen	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
32475643-4	2020	Berberine increased the level of p53 protein and of its target p21 both time- and dose-dependently in MCF7 cells.	Berberine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
32475643-9	2020	Moreover, downregulation of RPL5 inhibited berberine-driven induction of p53 and p21 and cell death in MCF7 cells.	Berberine	43-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
32567210-4	2020	Cisplatin-treated hNP cells exhibited rapid phosphorylation of ATM and subsequent increased NF-kappaB activation, aggrecanolysis, decreased total proteoglycan production and increased expression of markers of senescence, including p21, gammaH2 AX and SA-ss-gal.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	231-234
32874469-12	2020	The exposure to hyperbaric oxygen at the pressure of 2.4 ATAand 98% oxygen wasable to produce ROS and RNS molecules, which play a role in cellular adaptive responses through increasing the expression of nfkb, p21 and mRNA of interferon alpha2 plays a role in inhibition mechanism of HIV-1 replication in cells.	Oxygen	27-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
32874469-12	2020	The exposure to hyperbaric oxygen at the pressure of 2.4 ATAand 98% oxygen wasable to produce ROS and RNS molecules, which play a role in cellular adaptive responses through increasing the expression of nfkb, p21 and mRNA of interferon alpha2 plays a role in inhibition mechanism of HIV-1 replication in cells.	Oxygen	68-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
32874469-12	2020	The exposure to hyperbaric oxygen at the pressure of 2.4 ATAand 98% oxygen wasable to produce ROS and RNS molecules, which play a role in cellular adaptive responses through increasing the expression of nfkb, p21 and mRNA of interferon alpha2 plays a role in inhibition mechanism of HIV-1 replication in cells.	ros	94-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
32874469-12	2020	The exposure to hyperbaric oxygen at the pressure of 2.4 ATAand 98% oxygen wasable to produce ROS and RNS molecules, which play a role in cellular adaptive responses through increasing the expression of nfkb, p21 and mRNA of interferon alpha2 plays a role in inhibition mechanism of HIV-1 replication in cells.	Radon	102-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
33040724-6	2020	Expression of p53 and its known target, p21, has been evaluated in cisplatin-treated and control human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells that possess functional p53 pathway.	Cisplatin	67-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
32648126-8	2022	After treated with KAI for 48 h, the proportion of G1 phase was increased, expression level of cyclin D1 and phosphorylation-RB were down-regulated, whereas the expression of p21 was up-regulated (all P<0.01).	Kainic Acid	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
32044796-9	2020	The combination of C61-LNP and CDDP changed in alterations of the cell cycle regulatory proteins p53, p21, p27, cyclin D1 and cyclin E levels.	AT 61	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
32044796-9	2020	The combination of C61-LNP and CDDP changed in alterations of the cell cycle regulatory proteins p53, p21, p27, cyclin D1 and cyclin E levels.	Cisplatin	31-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
32647677-14	2020	Besides, Tan-I treatment can notably increase Paclitaxel-inducing cell senescence by promoting DNA damage and senescence-associated proteins such as p21 and p16.	tanshinone	9-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
32394497-5	2020	Neferine was shown to downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 and CDK4, and upregulate caspase 3, clePARP, p21, p27, and p53.	neferine	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
32555166-10	2020	We demonstrated that NaB increased the expression levels of p21 under high cholesterol, contributing to p21/NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) colocalization, which leads to NRF2 stabilization.	nab	21-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
32555166-10	2020	We demonstrated that NaB increased the expression levels of p21 under high cholesterol, contributing to p21/NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) colocalization, which leads to NRF2 stabilization.	nab	21-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
32555166-10	2020	We demonstrated that NaB increased the expression levels of p21 under high cholesterol, contributing to p21/NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) colocalization, which leads to NRF2 stabilization.	Cholesterol	75-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
32606957-12	2020	Moreover, gemcitabine-pitavastatin-mediated S phase arrest downregulated cyclin A2/CDK2 and upregulated p21/p27 in MIA PaCa-2 cells.	gemcitabine	10-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
32606957-12	2020	Moreover, gemcitabine-pitavastatin-mediated S phase arrest downregulated cyclin A2/CDK2 and upregulated p21/p27 in MIA PaCa-2 cells.	pitavastatin	22-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
32551032-11	2020	The western blot analysis revealed that nitroxoline or bortezomib treatment markedly diminished the levels of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1, and increased the levels of p21, Bax, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3.	nitroxoline	40-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
32551032-11	2020	The western blot analysis revealed that nitroxoline or bortezomib treatment markedly diminished the levels of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1, and increased the levels of p21, Bax, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3.	Bortezomib	55-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
32294550-11	2020	ROS might contribute to ER stress and further induce apoptosis via the JNK/p53/p21 pathway.	Reactive Oxygen Species	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
32208876-5	2020	Polyphyllin I dose-dependent increased the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and levels of Fas, p53, p21, and Bax/ Bcl-2 ratios, as well as the activation of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, and subsequent cleavage of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).	polyphyllin I	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
32555166-10	2020	We demonstrated that NaB increased the expression levels of p21 under high cholesterol, contributing to p21/NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) colocalization, which leads to NRF2 stabilization.	Cholesterol	75-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
32555166-13	2020	In conclusion, we demonstrated that NaB prevents excessive ROS through NOX2 suppression and SOD1 upregulation by p21/NRF2 pathway, which is critical for inhibiting BACE1-dependent amyloidogenesis in neuronal cells exposed to high cholesterol environment.	nab	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
32647677-14	2020	Besides, Tan-I treatment can notably increase Paclitaxel-inducing cell senescence by promoting DNA damage and senescence-associated proteins such as p21 and p16.	Paclitaxel	46-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
32124141-2	2020	The results show that all-trans retinoic acid enhances the effect of Fra-1 on inhibiting cervical cancer proliferation and the glucose consumption, its effect on the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, on the decreasing of lactic acid as well as ATP, and also influences the expression of MDM2/P53/P21 and LDHA.	Tretinoin	32-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	304-307
32124141-7	2020	CONCLUSION: The overall results of the study strongly suggest that all-trans retinoic acid enhances the effect of Fra-1 on inhibiting cervical cancer proliferation and metabolism in vitro, and also influences the expression of MDM2/P53/P21 and LDHA.	Tretinoin	77-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
31792920-7	2020	Moreover, high glucose increased the protein levels of p53, acetyl-p53 and p21.	Glucose	15-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
32468080-8	2020	This correlated with differential upregulation of p53/p21 pathway, with S and G2/M arrests by cisplatin and satraplatin in contrast to G1 arrest by oxaliplatin and DAP.	Cisplatin	94-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
32468080-8	2020	This correlated with differential upregulation of p53/p21 pathway, with S and G2/M arrests by cisplatin and satraplatin in contrast to G1 arrest by oxaliplatin and DAP.	satraplatin	108-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
32468080-8	2020	This correlated with differential upregulation of p53/p21 pathway, with S and G2/M arrests by cisplatin and satraplatin in contrast to G1 arrest by oxaliplatin and DAP.	Oxaliplatin	148-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
32468080-11	2020	CONCLUSIONS: Oxaliplatin and DAP robustly activate p53 and p21, which downregulate HR proteins to enhance drug activity.	Oxaliplatin	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
32130660-11	2020	After treatment with si-LINC01234 or miR-193a-5p mimic, EC cells (Eca-109 and EC9706) exhibited cyclinD1 and Bcl-2 downregulation, and caspase-3, p21, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 upregulation.	Silicon	21-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
32072678-9	2020	Specifically, the combination of ART and CBP at a lower concentration suppressed cell clone numbers, promoted cell cycle arrest at the G2 /M phase, and induced the expression of the cell cycle and apoptosis related proteins BAX, p21, p53, and Caspae-3, while decreasing Bcl-2 and CyclinB1 expression.	artesunate	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
32072678-9	2020	Specifically, the combination of ART and CBP at a lower concentration suppressed cell clone numbers, promoted cell cycle arrest at the G2 /M phase, and induced the expression of the cell cycle and apoptosis related proteins BAX, p21, p53, and Caspae-3, while decreasing Bcl-2 and CyclinB1 expression.	Carboplatin	41-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
32064963-8	2020	In addition, neferine treatment contributed to cell proliferation loss by upregulating p21 and p27 expression leading to cycle arrest at the G1 phase.	neferine	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
32633363-10	2020	Meanwhile, simvastatin treatment caused cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, remarkably downregulated expression of cyclin D1, and upregulated expressions of p21 and Bim.	Simvastatin	11-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
32186736-3	2020	Neddylated-cullins, especially neddylated-cullin1 were downregulated and their substrate, p21, was accumulated in RSA samples.	rabbit sperm membrane autoantigen	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
31971313-5	2020	alpha-Conidendrin remarkably inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells through induction of cell cycle arrest by upregulating p53 and p21 and downregulating cyclin D1 and CDK4.	conidendrin	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
32455928-6	2020	H2O2 treatment significantly increased senescence in endothelial cells and mural cells, human neonatal dermal fibroblasts (hNDFs), as measured by increased p21 levels and reduced NOS3 expression.	Hydrogen Peroxide	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
32319208-7	2020	Mechanistically, DHL is capable of inhibiting Hep-2 and TU212 cell viability via promoting p53 and P21 function, meanwhile DHL dose-dependently induces Hep-2 and TU212 cells apoptosis via activating mitochondrial apoptosis by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway and stimulating endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis pathway.	dehydrocostus lactone	17-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
32186773-9	2020	The treatment of NSCLC cells with SCH 529074 resulted in a dose-dependent induction of apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, which was associated with the activation of caspases (3 and 7), p53-independent upregulation of p21 and PUMA as well as increased LC3II, a biomarker of autophagy.	SCH 529074	34-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	222-225
32466567-0	2020	Activation of Mitochondrial 2-Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase by Cocarboxylase in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells A549 Is p53/p21-Dependent and Impairs Cellular Redox State, Mimicking the Cisplatin Action.	Cisplatin	183-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
32466567-5	2020	Molecular mechanisms of ThDP action on cellular viability and their interplay with the cisplatin and p53-p21 pathways are characterized.	Thiamine Pyrophosphate	24-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
32466567-10	2020	Cellular levels of the catalytically competent ThDP OGDHC holoenzyme are dysregulated by p21 knockdown and correlate negatively with the A549 viability.	Thiamine Pyrophosphate	47-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
32466567-12	2020	The similarity, non-additivity, and p21 dependence of the dual actions of ThDP and cisplatin on A549 cells manifest a common OGDHC-mediated mechanism of the viability decrease.	Thiamine Pyrophosphate	74-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
32466567-12	2020	The similarity, non-additivity, and p21 dependence of the dual actions of ThDP and cisplatin on A549 cells manifest a common OGDHC-mediated mechanism of the viability decrease.	Cisplatin	83-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
32466567-13	2020	High ThDP saturation of OGDHC compromises the redox state of A549 cells under the control of p53-p21 axes.	Thiamine Pyrophosphate	5-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
32547191-11	2020	Western blot results showed that DIOS significantly suppressed the expression levels of Bcl-2, cdc2, cyclinB1, and promoted the expression levels of Bax, cleaved-caspase3, cleaved-caspase8, cleaved-PARP, Bak, P53, and P21.	diosmetin	33-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	218-221
32509176-5	2020	In MCA-SVHUC-AR cells, CpdA significantly reduced the expression levels of oncogenes (c-Fos/c-Jun/c-Myc) and induced those of tumor suppressors (UGT1A/p21/p27/p53/PTEN).	CPDA	23-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
32291269-13	2020	p21 responses to high-dose SnPP and HO-1 responses to low-dose SnPP were significantly suppressed in participants with CKD versus healthy volunteers.	S-Nitroso-N-propionyl-D,L-penicillamine	27-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
32291269-13	2020	p21 responses to high-dose SnPP and HO-1 responses to low-dose SnPP were significantly suppressed in participants with CKD versus healthy volunteers.	S-Nitroso-N-propionyl-D,L-penicillamine	63-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
32435154-9	2020	Results from western blotting showed that paclitaxel inhibited cell proliferation by decreasing the expression of PCNA and increasing the expression of p21.	Paclitaxel	42-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
32106366-6	2020	In addition, up-regulated expression of p27 and p21, as well as down-regulated expression of Cyclin-A and Cyclin-B1 was detected in Mag-treated GC cells, contributing to the S/G2 cell cycle arrest.	magnoflorine	132-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
32366419-8	2020	p53 and Bax proteins were overexpressed, while p21 and bcl2 gene expression was decreased after treatment with the ciprofloxacin derivative.	Ciprofloxacin	115-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
32369692-8	2020	RESULTS: The enhanced pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative properties of Tacrolimus versus mTOR inhibitors were associated with increased protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)-related ER stress, Ser15P-p53/p53 ratio and p21 protein expression that may counterbalance the risk of proliferative upregulation caused by enhanced Thr172P-Cdk4/Cdk4 activation in liver cancer cells.	Tacrolimus	73-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
32369692-13	2020	CONCLUSION: The more potent pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative properties of Tacrolimus versus mTOR inhibitors were associated with an increased activation of PERK and p53 signaling, and p21 protein expression.	Tacrolimus	79-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
31943524-8	2020	The mechanism of the regenerative and protective effects of CS may be related to the decreased reactive oxygen species generation, improved senescent state (SA-beta-gal expression decreased), upregulated expression of Smad2 and phosphorylated Smad2, and downregulated expression of p16, p21 and p53.	calcium silicate	60-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	287-290
32504383-2	2020	It was found that the action of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) complexes induced accumulation of p53 protein with a maximum in 12 h, which was confirmed by an increase in the expression of the P21 gene, the target gene of the p53 protein.	Platinum	32-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	192-195
32504383-2	2020	It was found that the action of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) complexes induced accumulation of p53 protein with a maximum in 12 h, which was confirmed by an increase in the expression of the P21 gene, the target gene of the p53 protein.	Platinum	49-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	192-195
32504383-4	2020	Suppression of p53 protein functions with specific inhibitor alpha-piphitrin under the action of platinum complexes reduced the expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 genes and the target gene P21, which attested to the p53-dependent regulation of these genes.	Platinum	97-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
32421130-6	2020	The effect of SWZ-4-H was further confirmed by analyzing the expression of p53, p21, p16, and Rb (p-RB); SWZ-4-H significantly increased the expression of p53, p21, and p16 and decreased phosphorylated Rb (p-RB) in a dose-dependent manner.	swz-4-h	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
32323769-5	2020	The miR-296-3p antagonist altered the expression of a number of key genes that are involved in cell cycle control, including cyclin D1 and p21.	mir-296-3p	4-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
32323826-10	2020	Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR revealed that p53 activation and the expression of p21 were increased in glioma cells treated with lenalidomide.	Lenalidomide	133-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
32421130-6	2020	The effect of SWZ-4-H was further confirmed by analyzing the expression of p53, p21, p16, and Rb (p-RB); SWZ-4-H significantly increased the expression of p53, p21, and p16 and decreased phosphorylated Rb (p-RB) in a dose-dependent manner.	swz-4-h	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
32421130-6	2020	The effect of SWZ-4-H was further confirmed by analyzing the expression of p53, p21, p16, and Rb (p-RB); SWZ-4-H significantly increased the expression of p53, p21, and p16 and decreased phosphorylated Rb (p-RB) in a dose-dependent manner.	swz-4-h	105-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
32421130-6	2020	The effect of SWZ-4-H was further confirmed by analyzing the expression of p53, p21, p16, and Rb (p-RB); SWZ-4-H significantly increased the expression of p53, p21, and p16 and decreased phosphorylated Rb (p-RB) in a dose-dependent manner.	swz-4-h	105-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
32421130-8	2020	To sum up, our data indicated that SWZ-4-H could induce lung cancer senescence by regulating p53, p21, p16, and p-Rb, thus providing a novel perspective on anti-cancer mechanisms of SWZ-4-H in human lung cancer A549 cells.	swz-4-h	35-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
32691575-9	2020	Meanwhile, Baicalein treatment downregulated CyclinD1 and CDK4, while upregulating P53 and P21.	baicalein	11-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
32009586-5	2020	LCC induced G1 arrest accompanied by decreased cyclin D1 expression and an increase in the levels of p21 and p27.	licochalcone A	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
32005903-1	2020	p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are protein serine/threonine kinases stimulated by Rho-family p21 GTPases such as CDC42 and RAC.	cholecystokinin C-terminal flanking peptide	41-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
32005903-1	2020	p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are protein serine/threonine kinases stimulated by Rho-family p21 GTPases such as CDC42 and RAC.	cholecystokinin C-terminal flanking peptide	41-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
32005903-1	2020	p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are protein serine/threonine kinases stimulated by Rho-family p21 GTPases such as CDC42 and RAC.	glycyl-threonine	48-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
32005903-1	2020	p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are protein serine/threonine kinases stimulated by Rho-family p21 GTPases such as CDC42 and RAC.	glycyl-threonine	48-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
32343512-8	2020	Additionally, the naringin abrogates the beta-catenin pathway by decreasing the protein expression as well as phosphorylation of beta-catenin (Ser576) and GSK-3beta (Ser9) and simultaneously triggers cell cycle arrest at a G0/G1 phase by increasing the expression of cell cycle checkpoint proteins p21/cip and p27/kip.	naringin	18-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	298-301
32431514-9	2020	Moreover, combination of TET and PTX obviously induced cell cycle arrest in SKOV3/PTX cells via increasing the level of p21 and decreasing the levels of c-Myc and Cyclin D1.	tetrandrine	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
32431514-9	2020	Moreover, combination of TET and PTX obviously induced cell cycle arrest in SKOV3/PTX cells via increasing the level of p21 and decreasing the levels of c-Myc and Cyclin D1.	Paclitaxel	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
31954769-5	2020	Moreover, MVC inhibited the cell cycle by down regulating the proteins of the complexes of cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 - Cyclin D and CDK2 - Cyclin E, as well as by increasing the protein levels of CDK inhibitors p18, p21 and p27.	maraviroc	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	224-227
32355541-12	2020	Protein levels of the cell cycle regulators and senescence markers p21 and p53 showed opposite expression patterns in cisplatin-resistant compared with cisplatin sensitive cells.	Cisplatin	118-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
32355541-12	2020	Protein levels of the cell cycle regulators and senescence markers p21 and p53 showed opposite expression patterns in cisplatin-resistant compared with cisplatin sensitive cells.	Cisplatin	152-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
32273511-4	2020	Moreover, the removal of asparagine from culture medium or the inhibition of ASNS impairs cell proliferation and induces p53/p21-dependent senescence and cell cycle arrest.	Asparagine	25-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
32340377-7	2020	Taken together, these results show that ATG enhances the cytotoxic activity of DOX in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by inducing prolonged p21 expression and p38-mediated AIF-dependent cell death.	Doxorubicin	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
32277808-11	2020	Western blotting of HKULC2 cells showed that betulinic acid nanoparticles promoted the expression of p21 and p53 and downregulated CD133, ALDH, BCL2, MCL1, and c-Myc expression.	betulinic acid	45-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
32215662-4	2020	The guanine deaminase gene, which is involved in purine metabolism, was upregulated with uric acid levels and p21 in SK.	purine	49-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
31996318-7	2020	ART caused cell cycle arrest at G1 and/or G2/M phases, which was associated with decreased expression of cyclin dependent kinase 1/2/4/6, cyclin B1/D2/E and c-Myc, and increased expression of p21.	artesunate	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	192-195
31931353-2	2020	The structural transformation between the C2/c and the P21/c monoclinic phases has a complicated nature and is mainly driven by re-orientational motions of the FA+ cations but it is also accompanied by a significant distortion of the MnO6 octahedral units as well as steric-forced changes of the PH2 groups determining the off-center shifts of FA+ cations in the cages.	Manganese	234-238	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-78
32041778-9	2020	STUB1 expression attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced cell senescence, indicated by a reduced signal in senescence-associated beta-galactosidase staining and decreased protein levels of two cell senescence markers, p53 and p21.	Hydrogen Peroxide	28-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
32821748-7	2020	Results: In the control group and ALL patients, p21 Ser/Arg, and MDM2 TG and GG genotypes were associated with significant 1.81-fold (95% confidence interval CI= 1.008-3.267; P < 0.05), 11.07-fold (95% CI= 5.10-24.05; P < 0.0001), and 19.41-fold (95% CI= 8.56-43.99; P < 0.0001) increased risks for ALL, respectively.	Serine	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
31994822-3	2020	Luteolin inhibited cell survival and induced G2/M cell-cycle arrest, p21 upregulation and downregulation of phospho(p)-S6, which is downstream of mTOR signaling.	Luteolin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
31703157-1	2020	WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: The 3.8-kb-long antisense non-coding RNA at the INK4 locus (ANRIL) is transcribed from the short arm of human chromosome 9 on P21 and is associated with malfunction of the vascular endothelium, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation/migration/senescence/apoptosis, mononuclear cell adhesion and proliferation, glycolipid metabolism disorder and DNA damage.	known	8-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
31978617-9	2020	In addition, RSV reduced the levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), gene markers associated with senescence (P53, P16, and P21), intracellular ROS levels and increased gene expression of enzymes protecting cells from oxidative damage (HMOX1 and SOD3).	resveratrol	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
33224241-8	2020	The essential oil inhibited the growth of HeLa cells and increased the expression of p21 and p53.	Oils, Volatile	4-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
32821748-7	2020	Results: In the control group and ALL patients, p21 Ser/Arg, and MDM2 TG and GG genotypes were associated with significant 1.81-fold (95% confidence interval CI= 1.008-3.267; P < 0.05), 11.07-fold (95% CI= 5.10-24.05; P < 0.0001), and 19.41-fold (95% CI= 8.56-43.99; P < 0.0001) increased risks for ALL, respectively.	Arginine	56-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
32235535-6	2020	Norhierridin B (10) interfered with several p53 transcriptional targets, increasing p21, Bax, and MDM2, while decreasing Bcl-2 protein levels, which suggested the potential activation of a p53 pathway.	norhierridin b	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
32031808-5	2020	It also counteracted the cell cycle blockade induced by a low concentration of H2O2 decreasing the expression of p21 and CDKN2A (p16INK4A).	Water	79-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
31729509-3	2020	NaSr5(BO3)(SiO4)2 crystallizes in a monoclinic space group of P21/c with a 3D structure consisting of a splendid strontium 3D framework strengthened by isolated BO3 and SiO4 groups.	Sodium	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
31729509-3	2020	NaSr5(BO3)(SiO4)2 crystallizes in a monoclinic space group of P21/c with a 3D structure consisting of a splendid strontium 3D framework strengthened by isolated BO3 and SiO4 groups.	Silicon	11-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
32219038-11	2020	Further mechanical explorations showed that H19 knockdown resulted in alternative expressions levels of cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6, p21 and p53 under ICA treatment.	icariin	145-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
32219038-9	2020	At molecular levels, cell cycle regulators cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6, p21 and p53 were modulated in response to treatment with ICA.	icariin	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
32256113-8	2020	Oxymatrine induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase by increasing the protein expression of P21 and decreasing levels of cyclin B1 and CDC2.	oxymatrine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
32266102-5	2020	MLN4924 inhibits proliferation and interferes with the cell cycle checkpoint regulators, p21, p27, and phospho-histone H3.	pevonedistat	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
32114764-4	2020	Ba2M2(PO3F)F6 (M = Mn, Co, and Cu) are isostructural, crystallizing in the monoclinic space group P21/c, while Ba2Ni2(PO3F)F6 adopted an unpredetermined structure, crystallizing in the monoclinic space group P21/n.	ba2m2	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-103
32114764-4	2020	Ba2M2(PO3F)F6 (M = Mn, Co, and Cu) are isostructural, crystallizing in the monoclinic space group P21/c, while Ba2Ni2(PO3F)F6 adopted an unpredetermined structure, crystallizing in the monoclinic space group P21/n.	ba2m2	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
31990147-9	2020	We further found that the effect of Lobetyolin on HCT-116 was related to the expressions of p21 and bax, and transportation of p53 to nucleus.	lobetyolin	36-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
31751608-7	2020	Glyphosate decreased expression of P16 and TP53 as well as an increase in the expression of BCl2, CCND1 and P21.	glyphosate	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
31967931-7	2020	Contrastingly, for P21 neurons the main effect of (S)-Bay K8644 was to enhance burst-firing.	3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester	58-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
31967931-8	2020	(S)-Bay K8644 increased spontaneous inhibitory synaptic currents at both P7 and P21 but did not affect evoked synaptic currents at either stage.	3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester	8-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
31631444-10	2020	Furthermore, the expressions of senescence markers, such as p21 and p53, were upregulated upon bleomycin treatment, thereby intensifying the fibrotic condition.	Bleomycin	95-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
32045477-1	2020	The selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compounds selinexor (KPT-330) and eltanexor (KPT-8602) are from a novel class of small molecules that target exportin-1 (XPO1 [CRM1]), an essential nucleo-cytoplasmic transport protein responsible for the nuclear export of major tumor suppressor proteins and growth regulators such as p53, p21, and p27.	selinexor	94-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	339-342
32149078-5	2020	In addition, this bendamustine-derived drug showed both a HDACi effect as demonstrated by histone hyperacetylation and p21 transcription and a DNA-damaging effect as shown by an increase in gamma-H2AX.	Bendamustine Hydrochloride	18-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
31995555-8	2020	Notably, the triple treatment-induced cytotoxic effects and the elevated expression of p53 and p21 proteins as well as the increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, all could be alleviated by the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC).	Reactive Oxygen Species	181-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
31894334-6	2020	The induction of p21 and G1 arrest of the cell cycle also was revealed in niclosamide-treated CE81T cells by qPCR and flow cytometric assays, respectively.	Niclosamide	74-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
32016852-6	2020	The cells were incubated with olivacine derivatives for 18 h and then assays were carried out: measurement of the amount of p53 and p21 proteins, detection of apoptosis, cell cycle analysis, and rhodamine 123 accumulation assay (evaluation of P-glycoprotein inhibition).	olivacine	30-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
31840737-8	2020	Mechanistic analysis revealed that ISL inhibited cyclin D1 and up-regulated the proteins P21, P27 that negatively regulate the cell cycle.	isoliquiritigenin	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
31995555-8	2020	Notably, the triple treatment-induced cytotoxic effects and the elevated expression of p53 and p21 proteins as well as the increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, all could be alleviated by the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC).	Acetylcysteine	196-213	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
31995555-8	2020	Notably, the triple treatment-induced cytotoxic effects and the elevated expression of p53 and p21 proteins as well as the increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, all could be alleviated by the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC).	Acetylcysteine	215-218	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
32071742-1	2020	Deuterated potassium orthophosphate hepta-hydrate, K3PO4 7D2O, crystallizes in the Sohnke space group P21, and its absolute structure was determined from 2017 Friedel pairs [Flack parameter 0.004 (16)].	Phosphates	11-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
31979361-0	2020	The Antiproliferative Activity of Oxypeucedanin via Induction of G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Arrest and p53-Dependent MDM2/p21 Expression in Human Hepatoma Cells.	oxypeucadanin	34-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
31941051-4	2020	The crystal of TCAD tetrahydrate is monoclinic, with space group P21/c with crystal parameters of a = 10.2935(2) A, b = 7.36760(10) A, c = 20.1447(4) A, V = 1500.27(5) A3, Z = 4, and F(000) = 688.	thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide	15-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
31922313-12	2020	Western blotting results revealed that the levels of p21, p27, cleaved caspase-3, Bax, TIMP-3, and E-cadherin were up-regulated while, the levels of CDK4, CDK6, pro-caspase-3, Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, N-cadherin, and Vimentin were down-regulated by euxanthone.	euxanthone	245-255	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
32071742-1	2020	Deuterated potassium orthophosphate hepta-hydrate, K3PO4 7D2O, crystallizes in the Sohnke space group P21, and its absolute structure was determined from 2017 Friedel pairs [Flack parameter 0.004 (16)].	potassium phosphate	51-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
31796664-6	2020	The following clusters were found in the dendrogram: Nrf2 and p21 with ATP5B and GADPH in all the tissues and with NRF1 in all except the tumor tissues with metastasis; Bach1 with ATP5B and GAPDH in the tumor tissues; Keap1 with p62 in all the tissues, with LC3 in the tumor tissues and with NRF1 and HO1 in the tumor tissues with metastasis.	gadph	81-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
31605433-4	2020	Spalax fibroblasts undergo replicative senescence (RS) and etoposide-induced senescence (EIS), evidenced by an increased activity of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-Gal), growth arrest, and overexpression of p21, p16, and p53 mRNAs.	Etoposide	59-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
31919338-9	2020	The expression of cyclin D1 and p21 proteins was significantly increased by 3,6-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]heptane in LNCaP and PC3 cells.	triethylenediamine	76-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
31919338-12	2020	The suppression of prostate cancer cell viability by 3,6-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]heptane involves apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest and upregulation of p21 expression.	triethylenediamine	53-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
31948013-8	2020	Treatment with iPSC-CENVs significantly reduced the activity of senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-Gal) in senescent HDFs, as well as suppressing the elevated expression of p53 and p21, key factors involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and cellular senescence signaling pathways.	ipsc-cenvs	15-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
31919305-3	2020	1-[(2,6-Dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]piperidin-4-ol, C15H23NO2, 1, and 1-[(2,3-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]piperidin-4-ol, C15H23NO2, 2, crystallize in the orthorhombic system (space groups P212121 and Pbca, respectively), with one molecule in the asymmetric unit, whereas the N-oxide 1-[(2,3-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]piperidin-4-ol N-oxide monohydrate, C15H23NO3 H2O, 3, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with one N-oxide molecule and one water molecule in the asymmetric unit.	Mexiletine	0-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	399-404
31919305-3	2020	1-[(2,6-Dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]piperidin-4-ol, C15H23NO2, 1, and 1-[(2,3-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]piperidin-4-ol, C15H23NO2, 2, crystallize in the orthorhombic system (space groups P212121 and Pbca, respectively), with one molecule in the asymmetric unit, whereas the N-oxide 1-[(2,3-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]piperidin-4-ol N-oxide monohydrate, C15H23NO3 H2O, 3, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with one N-oxide molecule and one water molecule in the asymmetric unit.	Mexiletine	64-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	399-404
32907364-6	2020	Accompanied with cell cycle disruption, cucurbitacin B altered the expression of proteins involved in the G2/M phase transition including downregulation of cyclin A, cyclin D1, and cdc25A, and upregulation of p21.	cucurbitacin B	40-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
31551201-1	2020	Peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length in omethoate-exposed workers is related to environmental exposure and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes including p21, GSTM1, miR-145, etc.	dimethoxon	46-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
32907379-6	2020	ADAR1 and cyclin D1 protein levels were dramatically decreased, while p53 and p21 levels were increased after 8-Cl-Ado exposure.	8-chloroadenosine	110-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
32907379-9	2020	Together, 8-Cl-Ado inhibits the cell proliferation, induces G1 phase arrest and apoptosis at least by targeting ADAR1/p53/p21 signaling pathway.	8-chloroadenosine	10-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
31969092-12	2020	Lupeol also modulates the molecules involved in cell cycle regulation such as Cyclins, CDKs, P53, P21, and PCNA in different cancer types.	lupeol	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
31767563-7	2020	Ex vivo Nutlin-3 (MDM2 inhibitor) treatment of blood and BM increased p53 and p21 expression in CTCs and DTCs compared with DMSO controls.	nutlin 3	8-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
31520547-0	2020	Pyrroloquinoline quinone delays inflammaging induced by TNF-alpha through the p16/p21 and Jagged1 signalling pathways.	PQQ Cofactor	0-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
31957859-10	2020	In comparison with those in the IR group, ratios of p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR, and the level of PCNA were remarkably raised, while the level of P21 was remarkably reduced in IR+Gln group (p&lt;0.05).	arginyl-glutamine	174-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
30913094-11	2020	The 9p21 locus mutation frequency was higher in the alcohol-smoking and leukoplakia groups.	Alcohols	52-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
31957859-17	2020	Gln can increase the PCNA level and reduce the P21 level, so as to enhance the proliferation ability of cardiomyocytes.	arginyl-glutamine	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
31908576-5	2020	In cultured VSMCs, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dose-dependently induced senescence, which was associated with increased numbers of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase-positive cells, decreased expression of SMP30, and activation of p53-p21 and p16 pathways.	Hydrogen Peroxide	19-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-241
31746354-6	2020	The present study demonstrated that Hnk was able to prevent Dox-induced senescence of H9c2 cardiomyocytes, indicated by decreased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) staining, as well as decreased expression of p16INK4A and p21.	honokiol	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	243-246
31746354-6	2020	The present study demonstrated that Hnk was able to prevent Dox-induced senescence of H9c2 cardiomyocytes, indicated by decreased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) staining, as well as decreased expression of p16INK4A and p21.	Doxorubicin	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	243-246
33302699-8	2020	The CcME-treated TNBC cells underwent apoptosis, associated with a concomitant increase of apoptosis-related protein expression, including cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, and the anti-oxidant enzyme catalase, compared with the untreated cells.	ccme	4-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-209
33302699-9	2020	The CcME also enhanced the mitochondrial transition pore opening activity and induced G0/G1 cell growth arrest, which confirmed the cytochrome c release and the increase of the p21 expression detected in the CcME-treated TNBC cells.	ccme	4-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
33302699-9	2020	The CcME also enhanced the mitochondrial transition pore opening activity and induced G0/G1 cell growth arrest, which confirmed the cytochrome c release and the increase of the p21 expression detected in the CcME-treated TNBC cells.	ccme	208-212	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
32126555-14	2020	Resveratrol, an activator of sirtuin-1, postponed the IL-1beta-induced senescence through blocking the NF-kappaB/p53/p21 pathway and attenuated the osteoblastic transition and calcification in VSMCs.	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
31956358-0	2020	Dihydroartemisinin suppresses bladder cancer cell invasion and migration by regulating KDM3A and p21.	artenimol	0-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
31956358-5	2020	Further mechanism study showed that DHA performed its function via down-regulating the expression of histone demethylase KDM3A and inducing p21 expression.	artenimol	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
31908576-5	2020	In cultured VSMCs, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dose-dependently induced senescence, which was associated with increased numbers of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase-positive cells, decreased expression of SMP30, and activation of p53-p21 and p16 pathways.	Water	38-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-241
31934307-6	2019	Combined use of low-dose DAC and chidamide arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase by upregulating p21 expression, and the combination also suppressed PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	33-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
31905841-7	2019	siTNS3 treatment upregulated p16 and p21 levels and downregulated SOX2 expression and focal adhesion kinase, protein kinase B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation.	Nitrogen	3-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
31842349-11	2019	Loss of p21 also leads to more palmitic acid-induced cell apoptosis in the HCT116 cell line compared with HCT116 p53+/+ and HCT116 p53-/-.	Palmitic Acid	31-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
30873870-4	2019	Shikonin caused G2/M phase arrest through upregulation of p21 and downregulation of cyclin B1.	shikonin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
31885790-7	2019	Moreover, blocking AKT with the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 or knocking down AKT via RNA interference significantly decreased PBX1 expression, while increasing p16 and p21 expression and the number of SA-beta-gal-positive cells.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	51-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
31890943-7	2019	Structurally, ethyl diclofenac reveals a P21/c monoclinic and the cocrystal between this ester with its parent drug is a P-1 triclinic system.	Diclofenac	14-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-46
31818017-6	2019	Coronarin D potently suppressed cell viability in glioblastoma U-251 cell line, and also induced G1 arrest by reducing p21 protein and histone H2AX phosphorylation, leading to DNA damage and apoptosis.	coronarin D	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
30880481-7	2019	We found that, salidroside remarkably reduced cell viability, colony formation and Cyclin D1 expression, but increased p21 expression and apoptosis in A549 cells.	rhodioloside	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
31220953-4	2019	NRF2 was examined as a mediating mechanism of salicin"s impact on cellular senescence and was found to account for salicin"s impact on SA-beta-Gal, p21, PAI-1 and p53.	salicin	115-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
31116036-5	2019	Specifically, this study confirmed that Ala induced G2/M phase arrest by upregulating p21, downregulating cyclin A1 and cyclin B1, and promoting cellular apoptosis by increasing the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and PARP.	alantolactone	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
31237151-6	2019	Mechanistically, we show that TC-G 1008 mitigates IL-1beta-induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase by suppressing the expression of p53, p21, PAI-1, and K382 acetylation of p53.	GPR39-C3	30-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
31432697-7	2019	Salidroside inhibited GC cells proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis, which coupled with the down-regulation of p21, Bcl-2, MMP2, RhoA, p-ROCK1, Vimentin and the up-regulations of CyclinD1, Bax, cleaved caspases.	rhodioloside	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
31404677-8	2019	RESULTS: mRNAs of PAI-1, HO-1, and p21 were upregulated after photoirradiation of HEK293, which was suppressed by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger.	Reactive Oxygen Species	137-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
31432559-8	2019	Moreover, quinalizarin triggered G2/M phase cell arrest by modulating the protein expression levels of CDK 1/2, cyclin A, cyclin B, p21 and p27, and induced apoptosis by down-regulating the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and upregulating the proapoptotic protein BAD, leading to the activation of caspase-3 and PARP in the caspase cascade in A375 cells.	1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxy anthraquinone	10-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
31706015-8	2019	Anatomical studies show that the expression of Ki-67 was greater and ratio of p21-positive cells to the ratio of Ki-67-expressing cells was lower in animals in which the ethanol exposure included gastrulation.	Ethanol	170-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
31568920-0	2019	Regulation of p21 expression for anti-apoptotic activity of DDX3 against sanguinarine-induced cell death on intrinsic pathway.	sanguinarine	73-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
31404677-0	2019	Photoirradiation after aminolevulinic acid treatment suppresses cancer cell proliferation through the HO-1/p21 pathway.	Aminolevulinic Acid	23-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
31404677-8	2019	RESULTS: mRNAs of PAI-1, HO-1, and p21 were upregulated after photoirradiation of HEK293, which was suppressed by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger.	Acetylcysteine	114-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
31404677-8	2019	RESULTS: mRNAs of PAI-1, HO-1, and p21 were upregulated after photoirradiation of HEK293, which was suppressed by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger.	Reactive Oxygen Species	162-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
31404677-11	2019	CONCLUSION: ALA-PDD or ALA-PDT can result in rapid ROS-induced cell death and may decrease long-term recurrence rates through several pathways including the HO-1/p21 pathway.	5-amino levulinic acid	12-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
31568920-11	2019	The results implied that p21 might be involved in the toxicity of sanguinarine to HeLa cells.	sanguinarine	66-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
31568920-12	2019	Overexpression and knockdown of DDX3 under sanguinarine-treated conditions showed that DDX3 inhibited p21 expression in sanguinarine-treated HeLa cells.	sanguinarine	43-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
31568920-12	2019	Overexpression and knockdown of DDX3 under sanguinarine-treated conditions showed that DDX3 inhibited p21 expression in sanguinarine-treated HeLa cells.	sanguinarine	120-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
31568920-14	2019	CONCLUSION: Taken together, the results suggest that the S90E residue is important for the regulation of p21 expression responsible for the anti-apoptotic activity of DDX3 in HeLa cells treated with sanguinarine.	sanguinarine	199-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
31404677-11	2019	CONCLUSION: ALA-PDD or ALA-PDT can result in rapid ROS-induced cell death and may decrease long-term recurrence rates through several pathways including the HO-1/p21 pathway.	5-amino levulinic acid	23-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
31404677-11	2019	CONCLUSION: ALA-PDD or ALA-PDT can result in rapid ROS-induced cell death and may decrease long-term recurrence rates through several pathways including the HO-1/p21 pathway.	Reactive Oxygen Species	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
31438780-4	2019	Results: Cell senescence, characterized by senescence beta-galactosidase staining and senescence-related genes (p16, p21, and p53) expression, was attenuated by resveratrol.	Resveratrol	161-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
31885624-0	2019	Palmitic Acid Methyl Ester Induces G2/M Arrest in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells via the p53/p21 Pathway.	methyl palmitate	0-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
31885624-7	2019	Moreover, the level of Mdm2 protein decreased, while the levels of p21 and p53 protein increased in the PAME-treated hBM-MSCs.	methyl palmitate	104-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
31885624-13	2019	Taken together, these results suggest that PAME induced p53 stabilization, which in turn increased the levels of p53/p21 proteins and decreased the levels of Cdk1/cyclin B1 proteins, thereby preventing the activation of Cdk1, and eventually caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.	methyl palmitate	43-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
31738805-0	2019	Phosphorylation-dependent activity-based conformational changes in P21-activated kinase family members and screening of novel ATP competitive inhibitors.	Adenosine Triphosphate	126-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
31779710-7	2019	RESULTS: In vitro treatment of bone marrow-derived macrophages with APG-115 resulted in activation of p53 and p21, and a decrease in immunosuppressive M2 macrophage population through downregulation of c-Myc and c-Maf.	AA-115	68-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
31752013-11	2019	Simvastatin disrupted this senescence mechanism via the miR-155/SIRT1/FoxO-1/p21 pathway signaling.	Simvastatin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
31752145-4	2019	In cancer cells, CN induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase through a p53-mediated mechanism, where p53 was activated, p21 and pro-apoptotic proteins Bid and Bak were upregulated, and PARP was cleaved.	Curcumin	17-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
31738805-1	2019	P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are serine/threonine protein kinases that are subdivided into two groups on the basis of their domain architecture: group-I (PAK1-3) and group-II (PAK4-6).	cholecystokinin C-terminal flanking peptide	33-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
31752145-5	2019	In non-transformed human mammary epithelial cells MCF10A, CN at 50 microM had no cytotoxicity and p53 was not activated, but curcumin at 12.5 microM activated p53 and p21 and inhibited MCF10A cell growth.	Curcumin	125-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
31738805-1	2019	P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are serine/threonine protein kinases that are subdivided into two groups on the basis of their domain architecture: group-I (PAK1-3) and group-II (PAK4-6).	glycyl-threonine	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
31613301-5	2019	Ca3(CH3COO)4(HCOO)2 4H2O crystallises in a primitive tetragonal unit cell with space group P41212 and lattice parameters of a = 6.8655(1) A and c = 45.5454(6) A, while Ca(CH3COO)(HCOO) H2O crystallises in a primitive monoclinic unit cell with space group P21/c and lattice parameters of a = 9.2729(1) A, b = 6.8002(1) A, c = 11.2219(2) A and beta = 121.232(1) .	lead acetate	0-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	255-260
31739520-9	2019	Furthermore, PL significantly increased p21 mRNA levels.	piperlonguminine	13-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
31686655-2	2019	It crystallizes from metacetamol-saturated 1:1 (v/v) water-ethanol solutions in a monoclinic structure (space group P21/n) and contains eight metacetamol and four water molecules per unit cell.	3-hydroxyacetanilide	21-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-121
30521787-1	2019	Cabazitaxel as microtubule inhibitor and thymoquinone as HDAC inhibitor affects the important genes like p53, STAT3, Bax, BCL-2, p21 and down regulation of NF-kappaB are reported for potential activity against breast tumors.	cabazitaxel	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
30521787-1	2019	Cabazitaxel as microtubule inhibitor and thymoquinone as HDAC inhibitor affects the important genes like p53, STAT3, Bax, BCL-2, p21 and down regulation of NF-kappaB are reported for potential activity against breast tumors.	thymoquinone	41-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
31553341-5	2019	The Pt(ii) complexes could bind to and cleave DNA, while also inducing arrest of the cell cycle in S phase, leading to down-regulation of the levels of cyclin-dependent kinases and cyclin and up-regulation of the expression of p21.	Platinum	4-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	227-230
31446323-0	2019	Loading of some quinoxaline derivatives in poly (l-lactic) acid/Pluronic  F-127 nanofibers enhances their anticancer efficiency and induces a p53 and p21 apoptotic-signaling pathway.	Quinoxalines	16-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
31446323-0	2019	Loading of some quinoxaline derivatives in poly (l-lactic) acid/Pluronic  F-127 nanofibers enhances their anticancer efficiency and induces a p53 and p21 apoptotic-signaling pathway.	poly(lactide)	43-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
31446323-0	2019	Loading of some quinoxaline derivatives in poly (l-lactic) acid/Pluronic  F-127 nanofibers enhances their anticancer efficiency and induces a p53 and p21 apoptotic-signaling pathway.	Poloxamer	64-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
31545472-10	2019	It was found that CdM downregulated H2O2-stimulated 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and gamma-H2AX levels and decreased the expression of the senescence-associated proteins p21 and p16.	Water	36-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
31001861-11	2019	The percentage of the S phase cells was evidently reduced by Nimotuzuma through regulating P21, Cyclin E1, and Cyclin D1.	nimotuzuma	61-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
31750234-7	2019	The present study highlighted the crucial role of RNase L in triggering apoptosis mechanism through the Caspase-3/ROCK-1/PARP/H2A.X+H2B/p21 axis during Act D treatment.	Dactinomycin	152-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
31339188-0	2019	CDK4/6 inhibitor protects chemerin-induced human granulosa-lutein cells from apoptosis by inhibiting the p53/p21 waf pathway.	chemerin	26-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
31339188-5	2019	Furthermore, we found that palbociclib suppressed chemerin-induced apoptotic protein expression, reversing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and inhibiting the p53/p21 waf pathway.	palbociclib	27-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
31689825-0	2019	Polyphyllin I induces cell cycle arrest in prostate cancer cells via the upregulation of IL6 and P21 expression.	polyphyllin I	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
31689825-8	2019	Polyphyllin I induced cell cycle arrest by upregulating the expression of P21.	polyphyllin I	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
31689825-9	2019	Further studies showed that the upregulation of p21 expression induced by Polyphyllin I via the upregulation of IL6 expression.	polyphyllin I	74-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
31689825-10	2019	CONCLUSION: Polyphyllin I could induce cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase in prostate cancer cells by upregulating the expression of P21 and IL6.	polyphyllin I	12-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
31357283-4	2019	Herein, a functional nanosystem for in situ and real-time monitoring levels of p53 and p21 mRNA was constructed using reduced graphene oxide nanosheet assisted fluorescence probes.	graphene oxide	126-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
31671572-7	2019	These results indicate that ethanol-induced dysregulation of NRF2 coordinately regulates PCNA/CYCLIN-D1/p21 involving growth network, at least partially to set a stage for placental perturbations.	Ethanol	28-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
31565922-2	2019	In this paper, three conjugated quasilinear segments of 9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene, 9,9-dimethyl-2,7-diphenyl-9H-fluorene, and 2,6-diphenyldithieno[3,2-b:2",3"-d]thiophene are end-capped with two bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino groups for structurally simple molecular semiconductors Z1, Z2, and Z3, which crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n, triclinic P1, and monoclinic C2/c space groups, respectively.	Thiophenes	125-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	328-347
31652983-7	2019	Finally, as oxidative stress-related signaling pathways can modulate the cell cycle through p53, we analyzed the expression of the p53 target gene p21 in BM cells, finding that it was significantly upregulated in patients with MDS and was significantly downregulated after DFX treatment.	deferasirox	273-276	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
31553596-2	2019	Here, a simple strategy of partial congener substitution is introduced to induce transformation of the known centrosymmetric K3Ga3Ge7Se20 (P21/c) to the new isostructural NCS species K3Ga3(Ge6.17Sn0.83)Se20 (1) and K3Ga3(Ge4.95Si2.05)Se20 (2) (Pc).	gallium selenide	125-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-144
31652494-4	2019	Copper sulfate also increased the levels of apoptosis, senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, ROS, and the expression of several stress proteins, including ATF3, c-Fos, DEC1 (differentiated embryonic chondrocyte gene 1), p21, p53, and HIF-1alpha (hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha).	Copper Sulfate	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	232-235
31637187-8	2019	Also, PTL increased Cyclin inhibition protein 1 (P21), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinas-3 (Caspase-3) and Caspase-9 expression.	parthenolide	6-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
31559975-4	2019	(2,5-dmpz)0.5PbBr3 2((CH3)2SO) contained half a cation, which was completed by inversion symmetry, along with two dimethyl sulfoxide solvent molecules that crystallized in the monoclinic space group P21/c.	methanesulfonamide	12-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-204
31509399-4	2019	Zr(NaPO4)2 H2O crystallizes in the space group P21/c with cell parameters a = 8.7584(1) A, b = 5.3543(1) A, c = 18.1684(3) A, beta = 109.053 (1) , and Z = 4.	Water	11-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
31553596-2	2019	Here, a simple strategy of partial congener substitution is introduced to induce transformation of the known centrosymmetric K3Ga3Ge7Se20 (P21/c) to the new isostructural NCS species K3Ga3(Ge6.17Sn0.83)Se20 (1) and K3Ga3(Ge4.95Si2.05)Se20 (2) (Pc).	Potassium	125-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-144
31553596-2	2019	Here, a simple strategy of partial congener substitution is introduced to induce transformation of the known centrosymmetric K3Ga3Ge7Se20 (P21/c) to the new isostructural NCS species K3Ga3(Ge6.17Sn0.83)Se20 (1) and K3Ga3(Ge4.95Si2.05)Se20 (2) (Pc).	Germanium	130-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-144
31608167-11	2019	In addition, gene expression analysis revealed that MnIII complex exerts its antiproliferative effect via up-and down-regulation of p21 and cyclin D1, respectively, along with increased expression of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, TNF-alpha, initiator caspase-8 and -10 and effector caspase-3 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells.	Manganese	52-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
31553596-2	2019	Here, a simple strategy of partial congener substitution is introduced to induce transformation of the known centrosymmetric K3Ga3Ge7Se20 (P21/c) to the new isostructural NCS species K3Ga3(Ge6.17Sn0.83)Se20 (1) and K3Ga3(Ge4.95Si2.05)Se20 (2) (Pc).	Tin	195-197	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-144
31553596-2	2019	Here, a simple strategy of partial congener substitution is introduced to induce transformation of the known centrosymmetric K3Ga3Ge7Se20 (P21/c) to the new isostructural NCS species K3Ga3(Ge6.17Sn0.83)Se20 (1) and K3Ga3(Ge4.95Si2.05)Se20 (2) (Pc).	Potassium	183-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-144
31553596-2	2019	Here, a simple strategy of partial congener substitution is introduced to induce transformation of the known centrosymmetric K3Ga3Ge7Se20 (P21/c) to the new isostructural NCS species K3Ga3(Ge6.17Sn0.83)Se20 (1) and K3Ga3(Ge4.95Si2.05)Se20 (2) (Pc).	Germanium	189-191	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-144
31553596-2	2019	Here, a simple strategy of partial congener substitution is introduced to induce transformation of the known centrosymmetric K3Ga3Ge7Se20 (P21/c) to the new isostructural NCS species K3Ga3(Ge6.17Sn0.83)Se20 (1) and K3Ga3(Ge4.95Si2.05)Se20 (2) (Pc).	Silicon	227-229	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-144
31250942-4	2019	Doxorubicin (DXR) treatment induced senescence in 2 human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and BT-549, with the induction of gammaH2AX expression and increased expression of p21 or p16.	Doxorubicin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
31284735-10	2019	Indeed, although WT MEF entered senescence accompanied by p21 increase, HMGB1 KO underwent apoptosis with p21 decrease by Dox treatment.	Doxorubicin	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
31607295-6	2019	Also, the treatment with 5 and 10 mumol/L of dehydrocostus lactone induced K562 cell apoptosis, the apoptotic rate of K562 cells was significantly higher than that the control group (P<0.05), and up-regulated the expression level of BAX and p21.	dehydrocostus lactone	45-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	241-244
31607295-8	2019	The study results also revealed that dehydrocostus lactone significantly inhibited the expression of BCR/ABL STAT3, STAT5, CyclinB1, CDK1 and BCL-2, and up-regulated the expression level of BAX and p21.	dehydrocostus lactone	37-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
31204039-5	2019	We also show the competence of the PCNA-Agarose column to purify non-PCNA binding proteins by fusing the PCNA-binding motif of human p21 as an affinity tag.	Sepharose	40-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
31478037-2	2019	The six newly discovered Si phases are in the space groups of Im3[combining macron]m, C2/c, I4/mcm, I4/mmm, P21/m, and P4/mbm, respectively.	Silicon	25-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
31288004-7	2019	beta-Cryptoxanthin treatment induced G0/G1 arrest, and reduced the expression of Cyclin E, Cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) of CDK4 and CDK6, and increased the expression of p53 and p21 in the two GC cells.	Beta-Cryptoxanthin	0-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
31460901-16	2019	Compared with matrine or acitretin group, the expression of p21 (P < 0.05, P < 0.05) and LC3II/I (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) in matrine plus acitretin group increased significantly and the expression of cyclin D1 (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and p62 (P < 0.05, P < 0.05) was reduced significantly.	matrine	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
31460901-16	2019	Compared with matrine or acitretin group, the expression of p21 (P < 0.05, P < 0.05) and LC3II/I (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) in matrine plus acitretin group increased significantly and the expression of cyclin D1 (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and p62 (P < 0.05, P < 0.05) was reduced significantly.	Acitretin	25-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
31460901-16	2019	Compared with matrine or acitretin group, the expression of p21 (P < 0.05, P < 0.05) and LC3II/I (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) in matrine plus acitretin group increased significantly and the expression of cyclin D1 (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and p62 (P < 0.05, P < 0.05) was reduced significantly.	matrine	121-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
31460901-16	2019	Compared with matrine or acitretin group, the expression of p21 (P < 0.05, P < 0.05) and LC3II/I (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) in matrine plus acitretin group increased significantly and the expression of cyclin D1 (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and p62 (P < 0.05, P < 0.05) was reduced significantly.	Acitretin	134-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
31325448-0	2019	The mTOR inhibitor everolimus overcomes CXCR4-mediated resistance to histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat through inhibition of p21 and mitotic regulators.	Everolimus	19-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
31325448-0	2019	The mTOR inhibitor everolimus overcomes CXCR4-mediated resistance to histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat through inhibition of p21 and mitotic regulators.	Panobinostat	99-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
31325448-9	2019	Whereas panobinostat increased the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21, co-treatment with everolimus abrogated the increase in p21 and synergistically downregulated the expression of DNA repair genes and mitotic checkpoint regulators.	Everolimus	97-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
31284735-7	2019	In senescent B16-F10, SK-MEL-24, and LS174T cells treated with Dox, p21 levels were increased by persistent HMGB1 expression.	Doxorubicin	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
31555380-7	2019	Compared with the NC group, the expression levels of PI3K, AKT, phosphorylated-AKT, P21 and MMP-2 and -9 were significantly altered in a dose dependent manner following treatment with GA (all P&lt;0.05).	gambogic acid	184-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
31555380-8	2019	The results of the current study indicated that GA suppressed proliferation and dispersion of human colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, possibly through a PI3K/AKT/P21/MMP-2/9-dependent pathway.	gambogic acid	48-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-184
31432844-4	2019	These are [Mn(IMHIm)2(MeOH)2]ClO4 H2O (1) and [Mn(IMHIm)2(MeOH)2]PF6 (2), which crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n and triclinic P1[combining macron] space groups, respectively.	[mn(imhim)2(meoh)2]clo4 h2o	10-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
31402371-2	2019	Our results show that these compounds crystallize in a three-dimensional perovskite-like monoclinic structure, space group P21/n, with two inequivalent TriBuMe+, one well-ordered and the second one showing distinct disorder.	perovskite	73-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
32123852-7	2019	Moreover, aspirin reduced p53 and p21 accumulation in DOX-treated human and mouse fibroblasts.	Aspirin	10-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
32123852-7	2019	Moreover, aspirin reduced p53 and p21 accumulation in DOX-treated human and mouse fibroblasts.	Doxorubicin	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
31250942-4	2019	Doxorubicin (DXR) treatment induced senescence in 2 human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and BT-549, with the induction of gammaH2AX expression and increased expression of p21 or p16.	Doxorubicin	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
31220525-10	2019	High glucose could induce VSMCs calcification/aging by increasing the expression of osteocalcin (OC) and p21 as well as the formation of mineralised nodules and SA-beta-gal positive cells.	Glucose	5-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
31495718-0	2019	Augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of adenosine against pancreatic cancer by switching the Akt/p21-dependent senescence to apoptosis.	Adenosine	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
31495718-5	2019	The Akt-p21 signalling axis was blocked by p21 silencing or by the Akt inhibitor GSK690693.	GSK690693	81-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
31495718-8	2019	Adenosine treatment in combination with the Akt inhibitor, GSK690693, or the silencing of p21 to interfere with the Akt-p21 axis can switch the senescence-to-apoptosis signal and alleviate drug resistance.	Adenosine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
31495718-8	2019	Adenosine treatment in combination with the Akt inhibitor, GSK690693, or the silencing of p21 to interfere with the Akt-p21 axis can switch the senescence-to-apoptosis signal and alleviate drug resistance.	Adenosine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
31322237-4	2019	Treatment with DP induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest through upregulation of p21 and p27, and downregulation of cyclin B1 and Cdc2.	dracorhodin	15-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
31404297-8	2019	Further mechanistic studies, including western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays, revealed that combined MLN4924 and cisplatin treatment induced higher levels of DNA damage by increasing the accumulation of well-defined cullin-ring ligase substrates, such as chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1, origin recognition complex subunit 1, p21, p27 and phosphorylated IkappaBalpha.	Cisplatin	124-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	354-357
31470548-9	2019	Moreover, the BPA interaction with DOX on c-fos and p21 expression emphasize its cellular specificity and divergent effects.	bisphenol A	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
31894049-6	2019	S phase arrest induced by hispolon was associated with downregulation of cyclin B1, cyclin D1 and CDK4 while up-regulation of p21.	hispolon	26-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
31750822-13	2019	Conversely, the expression of P21 and P16 proteins in the TSA group were lower than those in the model group, and SIRT1 and p-eNOS/eNOS were higher in the TSA group than those in the model group.	tanshinone	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
31750822-13	2019	Conversely, the expression of P21 and P16 proteins in the TSA group were lower than those in the model group, and SIRT1 and p-eNOS/eNOS were higher in the TSA group than those in the model group.	tanshinone	155-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
31470629-8	2019	The effects of FUS were more potent than those of AFU, with FUS up-regulating p21 expression in a p53-dependent manner, as detected by Western blot analyses, likely the consequence of decreased ERK phosphorylation and increased p38 expression (both of which increase p21 stability).	fusarubin	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
31462222-9	2019	ARE induced cell death in G361 cells through the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent regulation of p53 and p21 in G361 cells.	Reactive Oxygen Species	49-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
31462222-9	2019	ARE induced cell death in G361 cells through the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent regulation of p53 and p21 in G361 cells.	Reactive Oxygen Species	74-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
31470548-9	2019	Moreover, the BPA interaction with DOX on c-fos and p21 expression emphasize its cellular specificity and divergent effects.	Doxorubicin	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
31470629-8	2019	The effects of FUS were more potent than those of AFU, with FUS up-regulating p21 expression in a p53-dependent manner, as detected by Western blot analyses, likely the consequence of decreased ERK phosphorylation and increased p38 expression (both of which increase p21 stability).	fusarubin	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	267-270
31304946-3	2019	The rubidium derivative crystallizes in an orthorhombic unit cell of the Pbcm space group in the structure which can be derived from ht-CrVO4, while CsSc(BH4)4 adopts a monoclinic (P21/c) unit cell which has monazite (CePO4) as a structural aristotype.	Rubidium	4-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-186
31470629-8	2019	The effects of FUS were more potent than those of AFU, with FUS up-regulating p21 expression in a p53-dependent manner, as detected by Western blot analyses, likely the consequence of decreased ERK phosphorylation and increased p38 expression (both of which increase p21 stability).	anhydrofusarubin	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
31470629-8	2019	The effects of FUS were more potent than those of AFU, with FUS up-regulating p21 expression in a p53-dependent manner, as detected by Western blot analyses, likely the consequence of decreased ERK phosphorylation and increased p38 expression (both of which increase p21 stability).	fusarubin	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
31470629-8	2019	The effects of FUS were more potent than those of AFU, with FUS up-regulating p21 expression in a p53-dependent manner, as detected by Western blot analyses, likely the consequence of decreased ERK phosphorylation and increased p38 expression (both of which increase p21 stability).	fusarubin	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	267-270
31299263-9	2019	Interestingly, anti-tumoral effects of CCL660 also in P53 mutant PDXs but with a functional p21 pathway were observed.	ccl660	39-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
31482012-6	2019	Interestingly, we also found that doxorubicin-induced p21 expression is activated by p53 in transcription-dependent manner, while camptothecin-induced p21 expression is p53-independent.	Doxorubicin	34-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
31482012-6	2019	Interestingly, we also found that doxorubicin-induced p21 expression is activated by p53 in transcription-dependent manner, while camptothecin-induced p21 expression is p53-independent.	Camptothecin	130-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
31393045-7	2019	We showed that CD enhanced the expression and nuclear translocation of Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) via upstream c-Jun N-terminal kinase, inducing the expression of FOXO3a and its target genes, including p21, p27, and Bim.	cardamonin	15-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
31355637-3	2019	A2Mg2TeB2O10 (A = Pb, Ba) can be regarded as the cosubstitution of Na2RE2TeB2O10 (RE = Y, Dy-Lu), which crystallize in a different space group, P21/c.	na2re2teb2o10	67-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-149
31365247-3	2019	In2(SO4)(TeO3)(OH)2(H2O) crystallized in centrosymmetric (CS) space group P21/n, while In3(SO4)(TeO3)2F3(H2O) formed a non-centrosymmetric (NCS) and chiral space group P212121.	in2(so4)(teo3)(oh)2	0-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
31365247-3	2019	In2(SO4)(TeO3)(OH)2(H2O) crystallized in centrosymmetric (CS) space group P21/n, while In3(SO4)(TeO3)2F3(H2O) formed a non-centrosymmetric (NCS) and chiral space group P212121.	Water	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
31406162-7	2019	Danazol also upregulated the cell cycle inhibitor p21 in MDR cancer cells.	Danazol	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
31380801-3	2019	However, DCV[3] and DCV[4] crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P21/c which excludes their application as nonlinear optical materials in the crystalline state.	daclatasvir	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
31075264-0	2019	Aflatoxin B1 induces S phase arrest by upregulating the expression of p21 via MYC, PLK1 and PLD1.	Aflatoxin B1	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
31075264-10	2019	In summary, AFB1 markedly induces kidney damage and strongly induces S phase arrest by upregulating the expression of p21 via PLK1, PLD1 and MYC, which represents a noval mechanism of the renal toxicity of AFB1.	Aflatoxin B1	12-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
31075264-10	2019	In summary, AFB1 markedly induces kidney damage and strongly induces S phase arrest by upregulating the expression of p21 via PLK1, PLD1 and MYC, which represents a noval mechanism of the renal toxicity of AFB1.	Aflatoxin B1	206-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
31075264-6	2019	Upstream of p21, three negative regulators, PLK1, MYC, and PLD1, were significantly downregulated under AFB1 treatment.	Aflatoxin B1	104-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
31257531-5	2019	As determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, Survivin and p21 expression levels were significantly affected by SP treatment, suggesting that SP treatment suppressed cell proliferation in these lung cancer cell lines.	sodium propionate	144-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
31383247-6	2019	Regarding the underlying mechanisms, results showed that DHA induced cellular senescence by up-regulating expression levels of proteins such as p-ATM, p-ATR, gamma-H2AX, P53, and P21 involved in DNA damage response.	artenimol	57-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
30155717-10	2019	Importantly, the hexane partition derived from the crude extract presented cytotoxic effect both in vitro and in vivo, and initiates cell responses, such as DNA damage (H2AX activity), apoptosis via intrinsic pathway (cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and mitochondrial membrane depolarization) and decreased p21 expression by ubiquitin proteasome pathway.	Hexanes	17-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	345-348
31257485-8	2019	Compared with the control group, the expression levels of p21 and p27 decreased under HG conditions, but were reversed by betaine.	Betaine	122-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
30940656-0	2019	Auranofin Protects Intestine against Radiation Injury by Modulating p53/p21 Pathway and Radiosensitizes Human Colon Tumor.	Auranofin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
30940656-9	2019	RESULTS: Both in the mouse model of intestinal injury and in the human nonmalignant colon organoid culture, auranofin pretreatment prevented radiation toxicity and improved survival with the activation of p53/p21-mediated reversible cell-cycle arrest.	Auranofin	108-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
31257531-5	2019	As determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, Survivin and p21 expression levels were significantly affected by SP treatment, suggesting that SP treatment suppressed cell proliferation in these lung cancer cell lines.	sodium propionate	174-176	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
31257531-6	2019	Thus, it was proposed that the SP-mediated regulation of Survivin and p21 in lung cancer may be applicable to lung cancer therapy.	sodium propionate	31-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
31257544-11	2019	Cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase was induced by siGCF2, which was accompanied by changes in the levels of cyclin E, CDK2 and p21.	sigcf2	52-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
31366086-10	2019	Intriguingly, the combination of LA and anticancer drugs (doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil) attenuated p53-mediated stabilization of p21 and resulted in synergistic killing in CRC cells in a p53-dependant manner.	Doxorubicin	58-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
31423185-8	2019	Consistent with the observed growth inhibitory effects, BPs also inhibited the cell cycle by promoting G1 phase arrest and the downregulation of cyclin D1 and upregulation of p21.	Diphosphonates	56-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
31423230-4	2019	The results of the present study indicate that pterostilbene significantly reduced cell viability and induced S phase arrest, and that treatment with pterostilbene was associated with the downregulation of cyclin A and cyclin E, as with the upregulation of p21 and p27 expression in H520 cells.	pterostilbene	150-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	257-260
31366086-10	2019	Intriguingly, the combination of LA and anticancer drugs (doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil) attenuated p53-mediated stabilization of p21 and resulted in synergistic killing in CRC cells in a p53-dependant manner.	Fluorouracil	71-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
31358785-5	2019	Ormeloxifene efficiently attenuated tumorigenic and metastatic properties of cervical cancer cells via arresting cell cycle at G1-S transition, inducing apoptosis, decreasing PI3K and Akt phosphorylation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and modulating G1-S transition related proteins (p21, cyclin E and Cdk2).	ormeloxifene	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	288-291
31336757-7	2019	Further investigation revealed that ailanthone promoted the expression of p21 and suppressed the expression of cyclin E in B16 cells or cyclin B in A375 cells through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.	ailanthone	36-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
31336690-11	2019	Flavopereirine also significantly repressed CRC cell xenograft growth in vivo by upregulating P53 and P21 and inducing apoptosis.	flavopereirine	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
31336690-12	2019	In conclusion, flavopereirine-mediated growth suppression in CRC cells depended on the P53-P21, but not the JAKs-STATs-c-Myc signaling pathway.	flavopereirine	15-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
31331008-2	2019	The current work investigated the influence of melatonin on the oncostatic activity of EGCG in two cancer cell lines, wherein melatonin induced an opposite response of p21.	epigallocatechin gallate	87-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
31331008-3	2019	In human tongue cancer TCA8113 cells, melatonin-induced p21 and EGCG-mediated formation of quinoproteins were positively associated with the oncostatic effects of melatonin and EGCG.	Melatonin	38-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
31331008-3	2019	In human tongue cancer TCA8113 cells, melatonin-induced p21 and EGCG-mediated formation of quinoproteins were positively associated with the oncostatic effects of melatonin and EGCG.	Melatonin	163-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
31331008-3	2019	In human tongue cancer TCA8113 cells, melatonin-induced p21 and EGCG-mediated formation of quinoproteins were positively associated with the oncostatic effects of melatonin and EGCG.	epigallocatechin gallate	177-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
31331008-4	2019	Melatonin-stimulated an increase in p21 which was correlated with a pronounced nuclear translocation of thioredoxin 1 and thioredoxin reductase 1, both of which are known to induce p21 via promoting p53 trans-activation.	Melatonin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
31331008-4	2019	Melatonin-stimulated an increase in p21 which was correlated with a pronounced nuclear translocation of thioredoxin 1 and thioredoxin reductase 1, both of which are known to induce p21 via promoting p53 trans-activation.	Melatonin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
31331008-8	2019	In human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, melatonin suppressed p21 along with the induction of pro-survival proteins, PI3K and COX-2.	Melatonin	47-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
31331008-9	2019	However, EGCG prevented against melatonin-induced PI3K and COX-2, and melatonin probably sensitized HepG2 cells to EGCG cytotoxicity via down-regulating p21, Moreover, COX-2 and HO-1 were significantly reduced only by the co-treatment, and melatonin aided EGCG to achieve an increased inhibition on Bcl2 and NFkappaB.	Melatonin	70-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
31331008-9	2019	However, EGCG prevented against melatonin-induced PI3K and COX-2, and melatonin probably sensitized HepG2 cells to EGCG cytotoxicity via down-regulating p21, Moreover, COX-2 and HO-1 were significantly reduced only by the co-treatment, and melatonin aided EGCG to achieve an increased inhibition on Bcl2 and NFkappaB.	Melatonin	70-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
31331008-12	2019	Overall, the results gathered from these two cancer cell lines with a divergent p21 response to melatonin show that the various oncostatic activities of melatonin and EGCG together are more robust than each agent alone, suggesting that they may be useful partners in fighting cancer.	Melatonin	96-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
31331008-12	2019	Overall, the results gathered from these two cancer cell lines with a divergent p21 response to melatonin show that the various oncostatic activities of melatonin and EGCG together are more robust than each agent alone, suggesting that they may be useful partners in fighting cancer.	Melatonin	153-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
31331008-12	2019	Overall, the results gathered from these two cancer cell lines with a divergent p21 response to melatonin show that the various oncostatic activities of melatonin and EGCG together are more robust than each agent alone, suggesting that they may be useful partners in fighting cancer.	epigallocatechin gallate	167-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
31109646-7	2019	Furthermore, H2O2 triggers p53 activation and promotes p21 expression, indicating a role for the p53/p21 signaling pathway in oxidative stress-induced senescence in BCSCs.	Hydrogen Peroxide	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
31417778-1	2019	The title compound, 2-(methyl-amino)-cyclo-hepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one, C8H9NO, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with three independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit.	2-(methyl-amino)-cyclo-hepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one	20-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-124
31417778-1	2019	The title compound, 2-(methyl-amino)-cyclo-hepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one, C8H9NO, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with three independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit.	2-methyl-3-phenyloxaziridine	68-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-124
31292765-0	2019	A Tangeretin Derivative Inhibits the Growth of Human Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cells by Epigenetically Restoring p21 Gene Expression and Inhibiting Cancer Stem-like Cell Proliferation.	tangeretin	2-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
31109646-7	2019	Furthermore, H2O2 triggers p53 activation and promotes p21 expression, indicating a role for the p53/p21 signaling pathway in oxidative stress-induced senescence in BCSCs.	Hydrogen Peroxide	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
31308755-9	2019	Further, UC2288, an inhibitor of p21, was used to decrease the level of p21, and flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle.	UC2288	9-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
31219114-1	2019	A new promising nonlinear optical crystal C25H25NO4S2 (HDB-T, P21 space group) exhibits significant macroscopic second-order optical nonlinearity about 1.5 times larger than that of the benchmark OH1 crystal benefiting from optimized orientated polar HDB cations.	C25H25NO4S2	42-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
31308755-9	2019	Further, UC2288, an inhibitor of p21, was used to decrease the level of p21, and flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle.	UC2288	9-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
30508396-5	2019	Fetal ASM exposed to 40% O2 for 7 days exhibited elevated concentrations of senescence-associated markers, including beta-galactosidase; cell cycle checkpoint proteins p16, p21, and p-p53; and the DNA damage marker p-gammaH2A.X (phosphorylated gamma-histone family member X).	Oxygen	25-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
30508396-6	2019	The combination of dasatinib and quercetin, compounds known to eliminate senescent cells (senolytics), reduced the number of hyperoxia-exposed beta-galactosidase-, p21-, p16-, and p-gammaH2A.X-positive ASM cells.	Dasatinib	19-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
30508396-6	2019	The combination of dasatinib and quercetin, compounds known to eliminate senescent cells (senolytics), reduced the number of hyperoxia-exposed beta-galactosidase-, p21-, p16-, and p-gammaH2A.X-positive ASM cells.	Quercetin	33-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
30608861-6	2019	Exposing human lung fibroblasts to 150 muM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) resulted in increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase content and expression of p21 and IL-6, all of which are features of senescence.	Hydrogen Peroxide	43-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
30608861-6	2019	Exposing human lung fibroblasts to 150 muM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) resulted in increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase content and expression of p21 and IL-6, all of which are features of senescence.	Hydrogen Peroxide	62-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
30608861-9	2019	Targeting STAT3 activity using the small-molecule inhibitor STA-21 attenuated IL-6 production, reduced p21 levels, decreased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase accumulation, and restored normal mitochondrial function.	STA-21	60-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
31022596-6	2019	RESULTS: Sal-B (10 muM) treatment significantly ameliorated LPS injury to MH7 A cells, as cell viability was increased, expression of p53 and p21 was repressed, apoptosis was inhibited, and the release of MCP-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha was reduced.	salvianolic acid B	9-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
30928633-5	2019	Mechanistically, 8-AHN induced p53 expression and enhanced transcriptional activity, subsequently elevating the expression of p53 target genes, including p21, FAS, and BAX, and then increased the level of activated caspase-3 and decreased the level of cyclin B and cyclin A.	8-acetonyldihydronitidine	17-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
31078367-12	2019	TYL also decreased levels of p21 and p27 proteins, although at later time points than observed for cyclin D1.	tylophorine	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
30514066-8	2019	AZD6738 significantly increased apoptosis, G2/M arrest and p21, and decreased CDC2.	ceralasertib	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
31140859-0	2019	EZH2 Confers Sensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells to Taxol by Attenuating p21 Expression Epigenetically.	Paclitaxel	51-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
31140859-6	2019	Meanwhile, p21, the inhibitor of cell cycle entry, interference upregulated, while overexpression downregulated apoptosis induced by taxol.	Paclitaxel	133-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	11-14
31140859-8	2019	Collectively, EZH2 attenuates chemoresistance of breast cancer cells to taxol by dampening p21 epigenetically.	Paclitaxel	72-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
30478995-3	2019	Although the expression of p21 and growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha (GADD45a), which are important targets of p53, was downregulated in CtIP-deficient HCT116 cells, p53 deletion did not affect G2/M arrest after Eto treatment.	Etoposide	223-226	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
31004593-0	2019	Long non-coding RNA-p21 regulates MPP+-induced neuronal injury by targeting miR-625 and derepressing TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
31004593-4	2019	Here, the results showed that lnc-p21 was highly expressed in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
31004593-6	2019	Furthermore, knockdown of lnc-p21 mitigated MPP+-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, as evidenced by the decrease in ROS generation, increase in SOD activity and decline in TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
31004593-6	2019	Furthermore, knockdown of lnc-p21 mitigated MPP+-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, as evidenced by the decrease in ROS generation, increase in SOD activity and decline in TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 levels.	ros	129-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
31004593-9	2019	lnc-p21 overturned the inhibitory effect of miR-625 on MPP+-induced neuronal injury in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
31004593-10	2019	Additionally, lnc-p21 positively regulated TRPM2 expression by targeting miR-625, and knockdown of TRPM2 inhibited MPP+-induced neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
31004593-11	2019	Overall, our study identified a new lnc-p21-miR-625-TRPM2 regulatory network that lnc-p21 regulated MPP + -induced neuronal injury by sponging miR-625 and upregulating TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells, which provide a better understanding for the pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
31004593-11	2019	Overall, our study identified a new lnc-p21-miR-625-TRPM2 regulatory network that lnc-p21 regulated MPP + -induced neuronal injury by sponging miR-625 and upregulating TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells, which provide a better understanding for the pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
31379409-8	2019	In addition, sublethal treatment with PAM induced phosphorylation of ATM kinase, accumulation of p53 protein, and expression of p21 and GADD45A, which are known p53 target genes, in a Zn2+-dependent manner.	Zinc	184-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
31680075-12	2019	Methadone hydrochloride induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells involved upregulation of Bid and caspase-8 expression and downregulation of Bcl-2, p21 and survivin expression.	Methadone	0-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
31078367-14	2019	Comparable time-dependent downregulation of cyclin D1, p21 and p27 in TYL- or CHX-treated cells, together with decreased protein synthesis observed in the Click-iT assay, suggests that TYL is a protein synthesis inhibitor.	tylophorine	70-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
31078367-14	2019	Comparable time-dependent downregulation of cyclin D1, p21 and p27 in TYL- or CHX-treated cells, together with decreased protein synthesis observed in the Click-iT assay, suggests that TYL is a protein synthesis inhibitor.	tylophorine	185-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
31181622-5	2019	The protein levels of p53 and p21 increased upon the treatment with albendazole and fenbendazole, indicating activation of the p53-p21 pathway, while the levels of Mdm2 and MdmX decreased in melanoma and breast cancer cells overexpressing these proteins.	Albendazole	68-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
31189930-0	2019	LncRNA-p21 alters the antiandrogen enzalutamide-induced prostate cancer neuroendocrine differentiation via modulating the EZH2/STAT3 signaling.	enzalutamide	35-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	7-10
31117426-3	2019	The composition and structure of the oxide has been determined by powder X-ray diffraction, powder neutron diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy to be monoclinic with the space group P21/ n and with cationic ordering between the ions in the B and B" sites.	Oxides	37-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
31181622-5	2019	The protein levels of p53 and p21 increased upon the treatment with albendazole and fenbendazole, indicating activation of the p53-p21 pathway, while the levels of Mdm2 and MdmX decreased in melanoma and breast cancer cells overexpressing these proteins.	Albendazole	68-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
31181622-5	2019	The protein levels of p53 and p21 increased upon the treatment with albendazole and fenbendazole, indicating activation of the p53-p21 pathway, while the levels of Mdm2 and MdmX decreased in melanoma and breast cancer cells overexpressing these proteins.	Fenbendazole	84-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
31181622-5	2019	The protein levels of p53 and p21 increased upon the treatment with albendazole and fenbendazole, indicating activation of the p53-p21 pathway, while the levels of Mdm2 and MdmX decreased in melanoma and breast cancer cells overexpressing these proteins.	Fenbendazole	84-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
31120902-8	2019	Exposure to G418 and mefloquine increased p53 phosphorylation at Ser15 and P21 transcript levels following DNA damage, indicating p53 produced via readthrough was functional.	antibiotic G 418	12-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
30927408-0	2019	Dexamethasone induces primary amnion epithelial cell senescence through telomere-P21 associated pathway .	Dexamethasone	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
30927408-7	2019	However, Dex caused dependent telomere length reduction and p38MAPK-independent but p21-dependent (confirmed by treatment with p21 inhibitor UC2288).	Dexamethasone	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
30927408-7	2019	However, Dex caused dependent telomere length reduction and p38MAPK-independent but p21-dependent (confirmed by treatment with p21 inhibitor UC2288).	UC2288	141-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
31089945-0	2019	Role of tea polyphenols in delaying hyperglycemia-induced senescence in human glomerular mesangial cells via miR-126/Akt-p53-p21 pathways.	Polyphenols	12-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
31004883-8	2019	Flow cytometry analysis revealed that PAB caused an obvious cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and induced apoptosis with the induction of p21, Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-PARP in human HepG2 and SK-Hep-1 cells.	pseudolaric acid B	38-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
31391983-1	2019	The title binuclear CoIII complex, [Co2(C9H8BrNOS)2(C18H16Br2N2O2S2)] C3H7NO, with a Schiff base ligand formed in situ from cyste-amine (2-amino-ethane-thiol) and 5-bromo-salicyl-aldehyde crystallizes in the space group P21.	co2(c9h8brnos)2(c18h16br2n2o2s2)] c3h7no	36-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
31391983-1	2019	The title binuclear CoIII complex, [Co2(C9H8BrNOS)2(C18H16Br2N2O2S2)] C3H7NO, with a Schiff base ligand formed in situ from cyste-amine (2-amino-ethane-thiol) and 5-bromo-salicyl-aldehyde crystallizes in the space group P21.	Schiff Bases	85-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
31223423-7	2019	We found that MHY2233 increased the expression of SIRT1, and its deacetylase activity thereby decreased expression of the cellular senescence biomarkers, p53, p16, and p21.	mhy2233	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
31089945-4	2019	RESULTS: High glucose led to premature senescence of HGMCs, as evident from the increase in the percentage of SA-beta-gal-positive cells, decrease in telomere length, cell cycle arrest at G1 phase,decrease in the expression of miR-126 and p-Akt and increase in the expression of p53, p21 and Rb proteins in the HG group.	Glucose	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	284-287
31089945-6	2019	CONCLUSIONS: High glucose induces the senescence of HGMCs in vitro via the miR-126 and Akt-p53-p21 signaling pathways.	Glucose	18-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
31002342-9	2019	Mechanistically, MLN4924 enhanced the antitumor activity of sorafenib in HCC cells via upregulation of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL)/Skp1-Cullin1-F box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase substrates p21, p27, Deptor and IkappaBalpha.	Sorafenib	60-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
31120902-8	2019	Exposure to G418 and mefloquine increased p53 phosphorylation at Ser15 and P21 transcript levels following DNA damage, indicating p53 produced via readthrough was functional.	Mefloquine	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
31360396-11	2019	Octaphyrin 15 crystallizes in the P21/c space group and exclusively isomer A was formed in the reaction.	octaphyrin 15	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-39
30991803-9	2019	For this reason, in the last set of calculations carried out for p21 N-ras Gln 61 mutants, only the active site structural conformations obtained through hybrid MD are considered.	Glutamine	75-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
31011729-2	2019	A symmetric di-Ni rotaxane crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c space group with one rotaxane cation and four PF6- counterions in the asymmetric part of the unit cell.	di-ni rotaxane	12-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-63
31011729-2	2019	A symmetric di-Ni rotaxane crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c space group with one rotaxane cation and four PF6- counterions in the asymmetric part of the unit cell.	Rotaxanes	18-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-63
31489252-9	2019	Of note, we found that metformin treatment of HeLa cells increased the levels of p21 and p27 (which are AMPK-dependent cell cycle inhibitors), leading to increased cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HeLa cells compared to untreated cells.	Metformin	23-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
30724592-11	2019	Further, RG7112 restores p53 and p21 protein levels in IMR5 and LAN-5 in a dose-dependent manner.	lan-5	64-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
31062707-2	2019	The pseudo-hexagonal phase NaZnAl(PO4)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c.	naznal(po4)2	27-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-88
31062711-6	2019	While the tetrahydrate form of IVA-HCl crystallized in the orthorhombic space group P212121, the new form (hemihydrate) was solved in the monoclinic space group P21.	iva-hcl	31-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
30831390-6	2019	These results revealed that L-Ru exerted a strong inhibitory effect on the cells proliferation,G0/G1-arrest, accompanied with upregulation of p53, p21, p15, cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein and downregulation of cell cycle markers.	l-ru	28-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
31035650-5	2019	The citrate-induced increased levels of cyclin B1 and G2/M phase arrest were suppressed by the caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CMK and caspase-3 cleavage of mutant p21 (D112N).	Citric Acid	4-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
30742942-3	2019	In this study, we found that norcantharidin (NCTD) effectively induced cell senescence and cell cycle arrest in TNBC in vitro, which was accompanied by a decline in phosphorylated Akt and ERK1/2 and a rise in p21 and p16.	norcantharidin	29-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
31018506-11	2019	Activation of the key regulators p53 and p21 inhibited the cyclin-dependent kinases Cdk2 and Cdk4, suggesting that p53 and p21 activation in GO-PtNP-treated cells caused genotoxic stress and apoptosis.	(4-toluoyl-3-nitro)piperazine	144-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
31022952-2	2019	Here, the roles of RPL5 and RPL11 were investigated in association with p53/p21 signaling in the antitumor effect of puromycin mainly in HCT116 and H1299 cancer cells.	Puromycin	117-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
31018506-11	2019	Activation of the key regulators p53 and p21 inhibited the cyclin-dependent kinases Cdk2 and Cdk4, suggesting that p53 and p21 activation in GO-PtNP-treated cells caused genotoxic stress and apoptosis.	(4-toluoyl-3-nitro)piperazine	144-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
31097925-0	2019	Coelomic Fluid of Lumbricus rubellus Synergistically Enhances Cytotoxic Effect of 5-Fluorouracil through Modulation of Focal Adhesion Kinase and p21 in HT-29 Cancer Cell Line.	Fluorouracil	82-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
31003485-0	2019	Flexicaulin A, An ent-Kaurane Diterpenoid, Activates p21 and Inhibits the Proliferation of Colorectal Carcinoma Cells through a Non-Apoptotic Mechanism.	Flexicaulin A	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
31097925-3	2019	This study aims to investigate whether the combination of CFL and 5-fluorouracil could reduce FAK protein level and iCa2+ and enhance p21 level.	Fluorouracil	66-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
31097925-9	2019	Combination of CFL and 5-fluorouracil significantly decreased FAK expression (p&lt;0.05), iCa2+ (p&lt;0.05), and increased p21 expression (p&lt;0.05) in HT-29 cells.	Fluorouracil	23-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
30939155-0	2019	Regulatory mechanisms of fluvastatin and lovastatin for the p21 induction in human cervical cancer HeLa cells.	Fluvastatin	25-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
30892319-3	2019	The compound [Pt(3-Me-5-(3,5-tBu2C6H3)-1,2-C3HTe(NO))4](BF4)2 crystallizes in the P21/C space group featuring a square planar complex in the lattice.	pt(3-me-5-(3,5-tbu2c6h3)-1,2-c3hte	14-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-87
30892319-3	2019	The compound [Pt(3-Me-5-(3,5-tBu2C6H3)-1,2-C3HTe(NO))4](BF4)2 crystallizes in the P21/C space group featuring a square planar complex in the lattice.	no))4](bf4)2	49-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-87
30890645-9	2019	In addition, dosing of TPPU to pregnant mothers from E5 to P21 could prevent cognitive deficits, and social interaction deficits and PV immunoreactivity in the medial prefrontal cortex of juvenile offspring after MIA.	TPPU	23-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
31183037-4	2019	The structure, which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/m, consists of positively charged {Zn2Co(CN)6}+ DMC layers linked through acetate groups and presents a new layered structure to the family of double metal cyanides.	zn2co(cn)6}	103-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
31183037-4	2019	The structure, which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/m, consists of positively charged {Zn2Co(CN)6}+ DMC layers linked through acetate groups and presents a new layered structure to the family of double metal cyanides.	dmc	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
30939155-0	2019	Regulatory mechanisms of fluvastatin and lovastatin for the p21 induction in human cervical cancer HeLa cells.	Lovastatin	41-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
30939155-5	2019	Our data showed that the statins-fluvastatin and lovastatin-induced p21 expression as general histone deacetylase inhibitors in a p53-independent manner, which is mediated through various pathways, such as apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle progression, and DNA damage, to be involved in the function of p21 in HeLa cells.	Fluvastatin	33-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	302-305
30939155-5	2019	Our data showed that the statins-fluvastatin and lovastatin-induced p21 expression as general histone deacetylase inhibitors in a p53-independent manner, which is mediated through various pathways, such as apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle progression, and DNA damage, to be involved in the function of p21 in HeLa cells.	Lovastatin	49-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
30939155-5	2019	Our data showed that the statins-fluvastatin and lovastatin-induced p21 expression as general histone deacetylase inhibitors in a p53-independent manner, which is mediated through various pathways, such as apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle progression, and DNA damage, to be involved in the function of p21 in HeLa cells.	Lovastatin	49-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	302-305
30939155-6	2019	The curative effect repositioning of digoxin, a cardiovascular medication, was combined with fluvastatin and lovastatin, and the results further implied that p21 induction is involved in a p53-dependent and p53-independent manner.	Digoxin	37-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
30939155-6	2019	The curative effect repositioning of digoxin, a cardiovascular medication, was combined with fluvastatin and lovastatin, and the results further implied that p21 induction is involved in a p53-dependent and p53-independent manner.	Fluvastatin	93-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
30939155-6	2019	The curative effect repositioning of digoxin, a cardiovascular medication, was combined with fluvastatin and lovastatin, and the results further implied that p21 induction is involved in a p53-dependent and p53-independent manner.	Lovastatin	109-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
30939155-7	2019	Digoxin modified the effects of statins on ATF3, p21, p53, and cyclin D1 expression, while fluvastatin boosted its DNA damage effect and lovastatin impeded its DNA damage effect.	Digoxin	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
30793438-5	2019	Melatonin supplementation suppressed apoptosis (100 nM, p &lt; 0.05) and enhanced G2/M phase (1 nM, 100 nM, p &lt; 0.05) of cell cycle progression which was further corroborated by decrease in protein expression of caspase-3, p21, and p27 and increase in bcl2.	Melatonin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
30943845-0	2019	p21 limits S phase DNA damage caused by the Wee1 inhibitor MK1775.	adavosertib	59-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
30987009-5	2019	Intriguingly, 25 muM luteolin reduced cell viability through apoptotic induction, which was intensified in p53-expressing cells while 1 muM oxaliplatin caused cell cycle arrest at G0/G1-phase via the p53/p21-dependent mechanism.	Oxaliplatin	140-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
30683654-3	2019	Here, we show TGFbeta induces p38-mediated FH phosphorylation at Thr 90, which leads to a FH/CSL (also known as RBP-Jkappa)/p53 complex formation and FH accumulation at p21 promoter under concomitant activation of Notch signaling; in turn, FH inhibits histone H3 Lys 36 demethylation and thereby promotes p21 transcription and cell growth arrest.	Threonine	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
30683654-3	2019	Here, we show TGFbeta induces p38-mediated FH phosphorylation at Thr 90, which leads to a FH/CSL (also known as RBP-Jkappa)/p53 complex formation and FH accumulation at p21 promoter under concomitant activation of Notch signaling; in turn, FH inhibits histone H3 Lys 36 demethylation and thereby promotes p21 transcription and cell growth arrest.	Threonine	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	305-308
30943845-2	2019	Here, we show that the p53 target and CDK inhibitor p21 protects against MK1775-induced DNA damage during S-phase.	adavosertib	73-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
30943845-4	2019	Furthermore, upon MK1775 treatment the levels of phospho-DNA PKcs S2056 and phospho-RPA S4/S8 were higher in the p21 deficient cells, consistent with increased DNA breakage.	adavosertib	18-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
30943845-7	2019	Moreover, p21 deficiency sensitized to combined treatment of MK1775 and the CHK1-inhibitor AZD6772, and to the combination of MK1775 with ionizing radiation.	adavosertib	61-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
30943845-7	2019	Moreover, p21 deficiency sensitized to combined treatment of MK1775 and the CHK1-inhibitor AZD6772, and to the combination of MK1775 with ionizing radiation.	azd6772	91-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
30943845-7	2019	Moreover, p21 deficiency sensitized to combined treatment of MK1775 and the CHK1-inhibitor AZD6772, and to the combination of MK1775 with ionizing radiation.	adavosertib	126-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
30720065-10	2019	Notably, TCDD treatment increased the levels of p53, retinoblastoma, p21 and regucalcin, which are depressors of carcinogenesis.	Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins	9-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
30822424-9	2019	Meanwhile, down-regulation of Cyclin D1, MMP-2 and Vimentin, up-regulations of p53 and p21, as well as cleavage of caspase-3 and -9 were observed in Salidroside-treated cell.	rhodioloside	149-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
30649504-0	2019	Bromate-induced Changes in p21 DNA Methylation and Histone Acetylation in Renal Cells.	Bromates	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
30649504-2	2019	We recently showed that inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase 5-aza-2"-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) and histone deacetylase trichostatin A (TSA) increased BrO3- nephrotoxicity whereas altering the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.	Decitabine	84-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
30649504-2	2019	We recently showed that inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase 5-aza-2"-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) and histone deacetylase trichostatin A (TSA) increased BrO3- nephrotoxicity whereas altering the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.	trichostatin A	115-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
30649504-2	2019	We recently showed that inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase 5-aza-2"-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) and histone deacetylase trichostatin A (TSA) increased BrO3- nephrotoxicity whereas altering the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.	trichostatin A	131-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
30649504-2	2019	We recently showed that inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase 5-aza-2"-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) and histone deacetylase trichostatin A (TSA) increased BrO3- nephrotoxicity whereas altering the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.	bro3	146-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
30649504-7	2019	5-Aza also decreased methylation at the rat p21 promoter about 250 bp upstream of the p21 TSS.	Decitabine	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
30649504-9	2019	BrO3- exposure altered histone acetylation in NRK cells at the p21 TSS, but not in HEK293 cells.	bro3	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
30879017-7	2019	RESULTS Murrayanine treatment resulted in significant dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of A549 cells (p&lt;0.05), with an IC50 of 9 microM, and arrested the cells at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, reduced the expression of cyclin D and E, CDK2, 4, and 6, and increased the expression of p21 and p27.	murrayanine	8-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	297-300
30830756-1	2019	A new borosilicate, NaCa5BO3(SiO4)2, has been synthesized by a high-temperature solution method, which crystallizes in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P21/ c (No.	borosilicate	6-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-168
30830756-1	2019	A new borosilicate, NaCa5BO3(SiO4)2, has been synthesized by a high-temperature solution method, which crystallizes in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P21/ c (No.	naca5bo3(sio4)2	20-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-168
30803229-6	2019	WS-383 inhibits Cul3/1 neddylation selectively over other cullins and also induces accumulation of p21, p27, and NRF2.	WS 383 hydrochloride	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
30815646-1	2019	Mn2CoReO6, the fourth known magnetic transition-metal-only double perovskite oxide (space group P21/n) was synthesized at high pressure and temperature (8 GPa, 1350  C).	mn2coreo6	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-101
30915268-4	2019	At 300 K, barium guanidinate crystallizes in P21/c with a=6.26439(2) A, b=16.58527(5) A, c=6.25960(2) A, and a monoclinic angle of beta=90.000(1) .	barium guanidinate	10-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
30717973-7	2019	Moreover, we found that curcumin could regulate XIST/miR-106b-5p/P21 axis in RCC cells.	Curcumin	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
30678803-1	2019	The crystal structure of tetrazepam, a benzodiazepine derivative formerly used for its muscle relaxant properties, has been solved and found to be monoclinic, space group P21/c, with lattice parameters a=12.7386(7)A, b=11.3774(7)A, c=10.3084(7)A, beta=103.175(5) and Vunit-cell=1454.69(16) A3 at room temperature (293K) with Z=4 molecules in the unit-cell.	tetrazepam	25-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-176
30597146-0	2019	Kojic acid inhibits senescence of human corneal endothelial cells via NF-kappaB and p21 signaling pathways.	kojic acid	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
30476532-4	2019	Non-cytotoxic doses of carbon nanoparticles but not of bigger carbon particles led to an irreversible reduction of the proliferative capacity accompanied by the accumulation of the cell cycle blocking proteins p21 and p16 as well as a loss of both redox sensitive histone deacetylase SIRT1 and connexin-43.	Carbon	23-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
30248372-0	2019	Targeting the androgen receptor (AR) with AR degradation enhancer ASC-J9  led to increase docetaxel sensitivity via suppressing the p21 expression.	Docetaxel	90-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
30248372-6	2019	Preclinical studies with in vitro cells lines also demonstrated that targeting AR with ASC-J9  led to suppressing the AR-increased p21 expression to improve the docetaxel sensitivity in the CRPC cells that already developed docetaxel resistance.	Docetaxel	161-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
30597146-7	2019	The results showed that kojic acid could inhibit HCEC senescence, characterized by enhancing migration, decreasing the levels of SA-beta-Gal staining, galectin 8, laminin alpha1, laminin alpha2, laminin gamma1 and p21, and increasing that of p-NF-kappaB of senescent HCEC.	kojic acid	24-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	214-217
30597146-8	2019	The p-NF-kappaB inhibitor could reverse the anti-senescent effect of kojic acid, and p21 siRNA showed similar anti-senescence effect with kojic acid.	kojic acid	138-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
30597146-11	2019	These results indicated that kojic acid might inhibit HCEC senescence and following resulted angiogenesis via NF-kappaB and p21 signaling pathways, possibly through downregulation of galectin 8 and laminins.	kojic acid	29-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
30628640-10	2019	The EC cells treated with CP-31398 or siRNA against MDM2 exhibited an increased apoptosis and a suppressed migration and invasion, corresponding to an increased expression of p53, p21, Bad, Bax, Cyt-c and caspase-3, as well as to a decreased expression of Bcl-2, Cox-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9.	CP 31398	26-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
30783419-0	2019	miR-181b-5p promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts through regulating the MEK/ERK/p21 pathway.	mir-181b-5p	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
30783419-11	2019	Taken together, increased expression of miR-181b-5p may serve important roles in the pathogenesis of HS through regulating the MEK/ERK/p21 pathway, suggesting that miR-181b-5p may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of HS.	mir-181b-5p	40-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
30783419-11	2019	Taken together, increased expression of miR-181b-5p may serve important roles in the pathogenesis of HS through regulating the MEK/ERK/p21 pathway, suggesting that miR-181b-5p may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of HS.	mir-181b-5p	164-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
29572098-0	2019	Ironing out the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 in cancer: Novel iron chelating agents to target p21 expression and activity.	ironing	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
29572098-0	2019	Ironing out the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 in cancer: Novel iron chelating agents to target p21 expression and activity.	ironing	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
29572098-0	2019	Ironing out the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 in cancer: Novel iron chelating agents to target p21 expression and activity.	Iron	84-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
29572098-0	2019	Ironing out the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 in cancer: Novel iron chelating agents to target p21 expression and activity.	Iron	84-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
30628639-0	2019	Long non-coding RNA UCA1 confers tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer endocrinotherapy through regulation of the EZH2/p21 axis and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.	Tamoxifen	33-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
30229997-5	2019	Further mechanism studies revealed that oridonin led cell cycle arrest in esophageal cancer cells via downregulating cell cycle-related proteins, such as cyclin B1 and CDK2, while upregulating p53 and p21.	oridonin	40-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
30664221-8	2019	It was also observed that quercetin increased the level of the p21 transcript and the pro-apoptotic Bax protein, which are two p53-downstream effectors.	Quercetin	26-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
30854080-6	2019	In addition, cell cycle distribution analysis revealed that G0/G1 phase arrest was induced following pristimerin treatment in CAL-27 and SCC-25 cells, which was strongly associated with upregulation of p21 and p27, coupled with downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin E. Meanwhile, pristimerin induced significant apoptosis of CAL-27 and SCC-25 cells, alongside decreased levels of caspase-3 and specific cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase.	pristimerin	101-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
30633861-5	2019	We further revealed that the antiproliferative properties of miliusanes in carcinoma cells were highly associated with the p21-dependent induction of cellular senescence.	miliusanes	61-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
30729962-11	2019	The crystal structure of CuBMB is monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a = 11.9790(3) A, b = 14.0236(5) A, c = 12.1193(3) A, beta = 104.952(2)  and Z = 4, and the copper ions are equatorially bonded to the benzoylthiourea and bipyridine ligands in a heavily distorted square pyramidal structure.	cubmb	25-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
30721035-3	2019	Various peculiar nitrogen polymerization forms composed of single/double nitrogen-nitrogen bonds were found at the nitrogen-rich condition, such as N -chains in P21/ m-SeN3, oligomeric N8-chains in P1-SeN4, and distorted N63- anion rings in P1-SeN5.	Nitrogen	17-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
30721035-3	2019	Various peculiar nitrogen polymerization forms composed of single/double nitrogen-nitrogen bonds were found at the nitrogen-rich condition, such as N -chains in P21/ m-SeN3, oligomeric N8-chains in P1-SeN4, and distorted N63- anion rings in P1-SeN5.	Nitrogen	73-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
30721035-3	2019	Various peculiar nitrogen polymerization forms composed of single/double nitrogen-nitrogen bonds were found at the nitrogen-rich condition, such as N -chains in P21/ m-SeN3, oligomeric N8-chains in P1-SeN4, and distorted N63- anion rings in P1-SeN5.	Nitrogen	73-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
30721035-3	2019	Various peculiar nitrogen polymerization forms composed of single/double nitrogen-nitrogen bonds were found at the nitrogen-rich condition, such as N -chains in P21/ m-SeN3, oligomeric N8-chains in P1-SeN4, and distorted N63- anion rings in P1-SeN5.	Nitrogen	73-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
29688163-0	2019	Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) expressing p21 and cyclin D1 genes retain excellent viability after freezing with (dimethyl sulfoxide) DMSO.	Dimethyl Sulfoxide	144-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
29688163-0	2019	Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) expressing p21 and cyclin D1 genes retain excellent viability after freezing with (dimethyl sulfoxide) DMSO.	Dimethyl Sulfoxide	124-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
30741995-5	2019	p21 and PAI-1, which are two p53 downstream targets critical for senescence, were significantly induced in SK-N-SH cells subjected to either PRMT1-KD or inhibitor treatment.	sk-n	107-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
30774659-0	2019	Metformin Counteracts HCC Progression and Metastasis Enhancing KLF6/p21 Expression and Downregulating the IGF Axis.	Metformin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
30666499-8	2019	The reduction of CUL4A levels upon the knocking down of CREB or by U0126 treatment increases the protein levels of CUL4A substrates such as p21 and p27.	U 0126	67-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
30774764-12	2019	miR-194-5p induced p21 upregulation and G1 phase arrest in resistant cells by downregulating MDM2.	mir-194-5p	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
31933864-12	2019	CONCLUSION: Our study clarified that OGF inhibits cell migration and proliferation of HCC in animal experiments and that exogenous OGF enhances the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin on HCC by upregulating p21 and p53.	Cisplatin	171-180	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
30272249-7	2019	It suggested that reduction in stabilization of P53 induced by nicotine may be negative regulator for P53/P21 signaling pathway that acts to prevent the growth of cells.	Nicotine	63-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
30651718-0	2019	Rosiglitazone metformin adduct inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation via activation of AMPK/p21 pathway.	rosiglitazone-metformin combination	0-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
30634697-6	2019	Furthermore, molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity of [4-NH2-2-Me(Q)H][VO(bcma)(H2O)]2H2O (T1) were dependent on antiproliterative activity, increased ROS generation, cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase with simultaneous triggering of the p53/p21 pathway, binucleation, and induction of autophagy.	[4-nh2-2-me	53-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-241
30655700-13	2019	HCEE promoted cell cycle arrest at G1 phase in HeLa cells by upregulating the levels of p53 and p21 and downregulating the levels of cyclin D1, CDK-4, and CDK-6.	hcee	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
30634697-6	2019	Furthermore, molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity of [4-NH2-2-Me(Q)H][VO(bcma)(H2O)]2H2O (T1) were dependent on antiproliterative activity, increased ROS generation, cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase with simultaneous triggering of the p53/p21 pathway, binucleation, and induction of autophagy.	(q)h][vo(	64-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-241
30634697-6	2019	Furthermore, molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity of [4-NH2-2-Me(Q)H][VO(bcma)(H2O)]2H2O (T1) were dependent on antiproliterative activity, increased ROS generation, cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase with simultaneous triggering of the p53/p21 pathway, binucleation, and induction of autophagy.	bcma)(h2o)]2h2o	73-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-241
30634697-6	2019	Furthermore, molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity of [4-NH2-2-Me(Q)H][VO(bcma)(H2O)]2H2O (T1) were dependent on antiproliterative activity, increased ROS generation, cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase with simultaneous triggering of the p53/p21 pathway, binucleation, and induction of autophagy.	titanium silicide	90-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-241
30687637-5	2018	Furthermore, PDCD4 knockdown induced cellular senescence characterized by beta-galactosidase staining, and p21 knockdown rescued the senescence and cell death as well as the inhibition of Rb phosphorylation induced by PDCD4 knockdown.	Rubidium	188-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
30525531-2	2019	Specifically, we replaced one O2- in Ba3P3O10Cl by two Cl-, leading to the formation of a new compound of BaPO3Cl ( P21/ c).	Oxygen	30-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
30525531-2	2019	Specifically, we replaced one O2- in Ba3P3O10Cl by two Cl-, leading to the formation of a new compound of BaPO3Cl ( P21/ c).	ba3p3o10cl	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
30525531-2	2019	Specifically, we replaced one O2- in Ba3P3O10Cl by two Cl-, leading to the formation of a new compound of BaPO3Cl ( P21/ c).	bapo3cl	106-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
30713724-1	2019	A new polymorphic form of the title compound, C8H8O3, is described in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P21/c with Z" = 1 as compared to the first polymorph, which crystallizes with two conformers (Z" = 2) in the asymmetric unit in the same space group.	4-hydroxyphenylacetate	46-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
30947677-9	2019	Compound TCH-5c inhibited proliferation, resulted in cell death, increased p21 protein expression to induce G0/G1 arrest and changed endothelial cell cytoskeleton organization and migration in EA.hy926 endothelial cells.	tch-5c	9-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
30398122-7	2019	Furthermore, western blot analysis showed that DMQ arrested cells at G2/M checkpoint by down-regulation of cyclin B1, cdc2 and cdc25c and up-regulation of p21, and induced cell apoptosis via affecting the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, causing loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and enhancing the expression of cleaved caspase-9 (C-caspase-9) and cleaved caspase-3 (C-caspase-3).	3,3'-di-O-methylquercetin	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
30755813-6	2019	CP-31398 influenced expression of p53 and the downstream molecules in a cell-dependent manner, but constantly increased p21 expression at the transcriptional level with decreased YY1 expression.	CP 31398	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
30755813-8	2019	We also showed that CP-31398-induced cell cycle changes including increase of G2/M populations was attributable to the up-regulated p21.	CP 31398	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
30755813-9	2019	These data collectively indicated that CP-31398 augmented endogenous p21 levels and induced cell cycle changes through regulation of YY1, and that YY1 was a novel target of CP-31398 in p53 dysfunctional cells.	CP 31398	39-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
30482390-6	2019	Thus, the P/CAF-MDM2-p53-p21 axis enables the escape from mitotic cell death and confers resistance to nocodazole in HCT116(p53+/+) cells with SIRT2 suppression.	Nocodazole	103-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
30361254-5	2019	Temozolomide-induced senescence required functional p53 and was dependent on sustained p21 induction.	Temozolomide	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
30551478-10	2019	Finally, the co-treatment of p21 inhibitor increased the sensitivity of TALL-1 and HPB-ALL cells to prednisolone.	Prednisolone	100-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
31405322-8	2019	The prolongation of telomere length in omethoate-exposed workers was associated with genotypes (CA + AA) of p21 rs1801270, and interactions of (CA + AA) genotypes and smoking factor.	dimethoxon	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
30361254-0	2019	Temozolomide Induces Senescence and Repression of DNA Repair Pathways in Glioblastoma Cells via Activation of ATR-CHK1, p21, and NF-kappaB.	Temozolomide	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
30318011-0	2019	Combination Treatment of p53-Null HL-60 cells with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Chlorambucil Augments Apoptosis and Increases BCL6 and p21 Gene Expression.	Chlorambucil	86-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
30318011-10	2019	CONCLUSION: The combination treatment of p53-null HL-60 cells with DNA-damaging agent CLB and HDACIs NaBu and TSA triggered additive to synergistic effects on apoptosis and upregulated BCL6 and p21 expression.	sethoxydim	101-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-197
30318011-10	2019	CONCLUSION: The combination treatment of p53-null HL-60 cells with DNA-damaging agent CLB and HDACIs NaBu and TSA triggered additive to synergistic effects on apoptosis and upregulated BCL6 and p21 expression.	trichostatin A	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-197
30339883-3	2019	We reported that ARPE-19 exposed to 25 mM glucose for 48 h did not induce apoptosis, but senescence validated by SA-beta-Gal staining, p21 expression and cell cycle distribution.	Glucose	42-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
30537571-6	2019	Moreover, cadmium suppressed astrocytic proliferation by inducing S and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and promoting p53, p21, and p27 expression.	Cadmium	10-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
30242876-6	2019	Curcumin L6H4 can significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of BGC-823 cells, thus enhancing the expression levels of p53, p21, Bax, and Bcl-2 noticeably in vivo and in vitro.	curcumin l6h4	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
30583560-12	2018	SAHA appears to induce cell necroptosis in a p21-dependent manner, and RG7388 seems to induce apoptosis in a p21-independent manner, outlining differential mechanisms of cell death induction.	Vorinostat	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
30145226-1	2019	We previously demonstrated that progesterone (P4) up-regulated p53 expression, which in turn increased p21 and p27 expression, and finally resulted in proliferation inhibition in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).	Progesterone	32-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
30613017-7	2018	Danu caused cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase in HepG2 cells and led to polyploidy accumulation via up-regulating the expressions of p53 and p21 and down-regulating the expressions of cyclin B1 and DC2.	danusertib	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
30583560-7	2018	Induction of cell cycle arrest by SAHA in cancer cells was evidenced by elevated p21 protein levels.	Vorinostat	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
31378763-7	2019	Furthermore, treatment of HCT116 cells with STA resulted in G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest accompanied by decreased mRNA levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), p21 and c-myc.	stephanthraniline A	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
30783055-5	2019	Thus, we investigated crocetin"s effects on the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and p53/p21 pathways in esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line KYSE-150 cells.	crocetin	22-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
30783055-11	2019	Furthermore, we have found that crocetin not only inhibited the activation of PI3K/AKT, extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2), and p38 but also upregulated the p53/p21 level.	crocetin	32-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
30286430-0	2018	EGR1 is essential for deoxynivalenol-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells via the ATF3DeltaZip2a/2b-EGR1-p21 pathway.	deoxynivalenol	22-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
30557404-3	2018	In the vitamin D plus calcium group relative to control, in the crypt differentiation zone (upper 40% of crypts), mib-1 expression decreased 24% (P = 0.28); p21 expression alone and relative to mib-1 expression increased 29% (P = 0.06) and 73% (P = 0.06), respectively; and bax expression relative to mib-1 expression increased 58% (P = 0.21).	Vitamin D	7-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
30557404-3	2018	In the vitamin D plus calcium group relative to control, in the crypt differentiation zone (upper 40% of crypts), mib-1 expression decreased 24% (P = 0.28); p21 expression alone and relative to mib-1 expression increased 29% (P = 0.06) and 73% (P = 0.06), respectively; and bax expression relative to mib-1 expression increased 58% (P = 0.21).	Calcium	22-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
30557404-6	2018	These pilot study results support further investigation of whether 1) vitamin D and calcium promote colorectal epithelial cell differentiation, reduce proliferation, and promote apoptosis in the normal-appearing human colorectal mucosa, 2) vitamin D and calcium act as chemopreventive agents against colorectal neoplasms, and 3) mib-1, p21, and bax are potential "treatable", pre-neoplastic, biomarkers of risk for colorectal neoplasms.	Vitamin D	240-249	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	336-339
30557404-6	2018	These pilot study results support further investigation of whether 1) vitamin D and calcium promote colorectal epithelial cell differentiation, reduce proliferation, and promote apoptosis in the normal-appearing human colorectal mucosa, 2) vitamin D and calcium act as chemopreventive agents against colorectal neoplasms, and 3) mib-1, p21, and bax are potential "treatable", pre-neoplastic, biomarkers of risk for colorectal neoplasms.	Calcium	254-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	336-339
30512924-2	2018	Another phase, P21/ c-ThH7, is found to be a superconductor with TC of 62 K. Analysis of the superconducting state was performed within Eliashberg formalism, and HC( T), Delta( T), and TC( P) functions with a jump in the specific heat at critical temperature were calculated.	Technetium	65-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
30286430-4	2018	In this study, we showed that DON induced strong G2/M cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells, and the cell cycle-inhibitory protein p21 was highly upregulated by DON.	deoxynivalenol	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
30286430-11	2018	In summary, we found that DON induced G2/M cell cycle arrest by sequentially inducing the expression of ATF3DeltaZip2a/2b, EGR1 and p21, and EGR1 played an essential role in this process, which is a novel molecular mechanism of cell cycle arrest by DON and is important for understanding its toxicology.	deoxynivalenol	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
30524726-6	2018	R248W, but not R175H, can engage p21 and MDM2, which both function to limit oxidative stress and facilitate the switch to de novo serine synthesis.	Serine	130-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
29991711-7	2018	Knockdown of Rictor or treatment with the Akt inhibitor MK-2206 attenuated senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) staining and expression of p53 and p21 proteins in the senescent endothelial cells, suggesting that mTORC2/Akt facilitates endothelial senescence.	MK 2206	56-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
28374118-1	2018	In the proposed work, we have explicated the mechanism of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP) and benzo[a]pyrene (BP) modulated cell proliferation by assessing the plausible binding with CASPASES, BAX, Bcl-2, MDM2, p53, p21, p16, CylinD1-CDK4 complex, CylinE1-CDK2 complex, H-Ras, K-Ras, BRCA1, and BRCA2 through exploiting the inherent potential of AutoDock Tools 4.0.	Benzo(a)pyrene	87-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
30339800-4	2018	The crystal structure of N-lauroyl tris (NLT), solved in monoclinic system in the P21/c space group, showed that owing to the bulky head group, NLT molecules pack in an interdigitated bilayer fashion.	n-lauroyl tris	25-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-87
28374118-1	2018	In the proposed work, we have explicated the mechanism of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP) and benzo[a]pyrene (BP) modulated cell proliferation by assessing the plausible binding with CASPASES, BAX, Bcl-2, MDM2, p53, p21, p16, CylinD1-CDK4 complex, CylinE1-CDK2 complex, H-Ras, K-Ras, BRCA1, and BRCA2 through exploiting the inherent potential of AutoDock Tools 4.0.	Benzo(a)pyrene	79-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
28374118-1	2018	In the proposed work, we have explicated the mechanism of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP) and benzo[a]pyrene (BP) modulated cell proliferation by assessing the plausible binding with CASPASES, BAX, Bcl-2, MDM2, p53, p21, p16, CylinD1-CDK4 complex, CylinE1-CDK2 complex, H-Ras, K-Ras, BRCA1, and BRCA2 through exploiting the inherent potential of AutoDock Tools 4.0.	dibenzo(a,l)pyrene	58-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
30118731-5	2018	The triethylammonium and the 1-methylpiperazinium salts solved in Pbca and P21/c, respectively.	triethylammonium	4-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-80
30671399-5	2018	Using immunoblot analysis, we assessed change of the activation of caspases, PARP, Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and Skp2/p27/p21 pathway by imatinib and GNF5 in SK-HEP1 cells.	Imatinib Mesylate	151-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
30671399-8	2018	Treatment of imatinib and GNF5 decreased Skp2 expression and Akt phosphorylation, and increased the expression of p27, p21, and active-caspases in SK-HEP1 cells.	Imatinib Mesylate	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
30118731-5	2018	The triethylammonium and the 1-methylpiperazinium salts solved in Pbca and P21/c, respectively.	1-methylpiperazinium salts	29-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-80
30717558-14	2018	L-TP could delay HGMCs senescence through regulating STAT3/miR-126 expressions and inhibiting the telomere-p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway activation.	l-tp	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
30274043-7	2018	Furthermore, doxorubicin released from biomaterials with cyclodextrin moderately induced the expression of tumor suppressor protein p53 whereas p21 expression was similar to control cells.	Doxorubicin	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
30272288-12	2018	MiR-451 inhibitor effectively inhibited the upregulatory effect of si-p21 on miR-451.	Silicon	67-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
30273694-2	2018	The trihydrate, isolated from a solution of 3 in moist methanol, recrystallizes in the orthorhombic space group, P212121, while that of the dihydrate, isolated from a 1:1 aqueous methanol solution, recrystallizes in the monoclinic space group, P21.	trihydrate	4-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
30400903-0	2018	Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus inhibits MARC-145 proliferation via inducing apoptosis and G2/M arrest by activation of Chk/Cdc25C and p53/p21 pathway.	marc-145	61-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
30555320-3	2018	Para-toluenesulfonamide (PTS) is a small molecule that inhibited cell proliferation of PC-3 and DU-145, two CRPC cell lines, through p21- and p27-independent G1 arrest of cell cycle in which cyclin D1 was down-regulated and Rb phosphorylation was inhibited.	4-toluenesulfonamide	0-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
30555320-3	2018	Para-toluenesulfonamide (PTS) is a small molecule that inhibited cell proliferation of PC-3 and DU-145, two CRPC cell lines, through p21- and p27-independent G1 arrest of cell cycle in which cyclin D1 was down-regulated and Rb phosphorylation was inhibited.	4-toluenesulfonamide	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
30358785-5	2018	Both [3]rotaxanes containing two DB24C8 macrocycles per molecule crystallise in P1[combining macron] and P21/n space groups.	Rotaxanes	8-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
30581715-4	2018	This high capacitive behavior in the P21/c crystal phase of fluorinated cHBC (F-cHBC) is caused mainly by the fluorine atoms at the end of each peripheral aromatic ring.	Fluorine	110-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
30396956-8	2018	In transforming growth factor-beta-treated cells, evodiamine attenuated variations in morphology, growth and migration, and increased p21 and p53 protein levels, and decreased beta-catenin, N-cadherin, vimentin, phospho-AKT, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein levels.	evodiamine	50-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
30398206-1	2018	Tolnaftate, a classic antifungal compound, has been found to crystallize from 1:1 (v/v) acetone-water as large flat colorless needles in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P21/c.	Tolnaftate	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-185
30144329-7	2018	Isotretinoin enhanced FoxO1, p53 and p21 but inhibited p-FoxO1 and involucrin expression in HPKs.	Isotretinoin	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
30396923-5	2018	The mechanism of cytotoxic action indicated that 7h caused significant (p&lt;0.05) MDA-MB-231 cells arrest in the S phase as well as moderate cells arrest in the G2/M phase; confirmed by up-regulation of cyclins A/B1, p21 and CDKs 4/6, and down-regulation of cyclin E2 and CDK2 regulatory proteins.	7,8-diacetoxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)coumarin	49-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	218-221
28884602-13	2018	Expression analysis by real-time PCR showed the significant up-regulation of two tumour suppressor genes, P53 and P21 in response to combination of silibinin and paclitaxel.	Silybin	148-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
28884602-13	2018	Expression analysis by real-time PCR showed the significant up-regulation of two tumour suppressor genes, P53 and P21 in response to combination of silibinin and paclitaxel.	Paclitaxel	162-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
30011042-5	2018	BPDE up-regulated the level of miR-194-3p, which further inhibited the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/ cell division cycle 42/ p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1 signaling pathway and depressed the filophdia formation of Swan71 cells.	7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
30236600-3	2018	Treating Ishikawa cells with CS components resulted in increased cell growth and altered expression of cell cycle-related genes: the protein expression of cyclin D &amp; E increased, while the levels of p21 &amp; p27 were reduced following treatment of these five CS components.	Cesium	29-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	203-206
30405800-0	2018	Low dose dinaciclib enhances doxorubicin-induced senescence in myeloma RPMI8226 cells by transformation of the p21 and p16 pathways.	dinaciclib	9-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
30405800-0	2018	Low dose dinaciclib enhances doxorubicin-induced senescence in myeloma RPMI8226 cells by transformation of the p21 and p16 pathways.	Doxorubicin	29-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
30405800-7	2018	Furthermore, DOX resulted in increased alterations in DNA damage-related proteins such as p-ATM, p-Chk2, p-p53, p21 and gammaH2AX, but not p16.	Doxorubicin	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
30405800-8	2018	Notably, the combination of dinaciclib and DOX inhibited cell growth and promoted senescence by transforming the suppressive effects of the ATM/Chk2/p53/p21 signaling pathway and enhancing the p16 signaling pathway.	dinaciclib	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
30405800-8	2018	Notably, the combination of dinaciclib and DOX inhibited cell growth and promoted senescence by transforming the suppressive effects of the ATM/Chk2/p53/p21 signaling pathway and enhancing the p16 signaling pathway.	Doxorubicin	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
30405800-9	2018	Thus, low-dose dinaciclib enhanced anti-MM effects mediated by DOX via transformation of p21-p16 signaling pathways, leading to accelerated senescence, but not apoptosis.	dinaciclib	15-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
30266241-7	2018	Metformin could enhance the cytotoxicity of DOX by increasing DOX cellular uptake and cell cycle arrest at G1/S checkpoint which is associated with the enhancement of p21 protein expression.	Metformin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
30266241-7	2018	Metformin could enhance the cytotoxicity of DOX by increasing DOX cellular uptake and cell cycle arrest at G1/S checkpoint which is associated with the enhancement of p21 protein expression.	Doxorubicin	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
30333875-5	2018	Damnacanthal treatment increased caspase-3/8 and 9 activity, and promoted B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein, tumor protein p53 (p53) and p21 protein expression levels in melanoma cells.	damnacanthal	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
30011042-5	2018	BPDE up-regulated the level of miR-194-3p, which further inhibited the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/ cell division cycle 42/ p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1 signaling pathway and depressed the filophdia formation of Swan71 cells.	mir-194-3p	31-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
30410558-4	2018	We found that the combined use of A549/DDP cells with SFI and cisplatin enhanced cell cycle arrested in the G2/M phase, which was accompanied by upregulation of p53 and p21 protein expression and induced mitochondrial apoptosis in conjunction with the upregulation of Bax and the downregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression.	Cisplatin	62-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
30352966-7	2018	Idasanutlin strongly activates p53, as evidenced by the induction of p21 expression and potent cell cycle arrest in all the three cell lines tested, i.e., MCF-7, U-2 OS, and SJSA-1.	RG7388	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
30443188-3	2018	In our study, we evaluated effect of quisinostat alone and in combination with sorafenib in HCC cells via inducing G0/G1 phase arrest through PI3K/AKT/p21 pathway and apoptosis by JNK/c-Jun/caspase3 pathway in vitro and in vivo.	quisinostat	37-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
30443188-3	2018	In our study, we evaluated effect of quisinostat alone and in combination with sorafenib in HCC cells via inducing G0/G1 phase arrest through PI3K/AKT/p21 pathway and apoptosis by JNK/c-Jun/caspase3 pathway in vitro and in vivo.	Sorafenib	79-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
30443188-10	2018	Correspondingly quisinostat facilitated G0/G1 cycle arrest and apoptosis in HCC cells through PI3K/AKT/p21 pathways and JNK/c- jun/caspase3 pathways.	quisinostat	16-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
30443388-1	2018	The title compound, C13H16N2O4, crystallizes in the monoclinic centrosymmetric space group, P21/c, with four mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit, thus there is no crystallographically imposed symmetry and it is a racemic mixture.	c13h16n2o4	20-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-97
30533262-10	2018	However, RA treatment decreased the levels of p-ATM, p-p53, GADD45alpha, p21, MMP-3, -9, and -13 and increased the level of COL1A1 in a concentration-dependent manner.	Radium	9-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
30304835-0	2018	Cytoplasmic p21 Mediates 5-Fluorouracil Resistance by Inhibiting Pro-Apoptotic Chk2.	Fluorouracil	25-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
30304835-3	2018	Here, we show for the first time that cytoplasmic p21 mediates 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) resistance by shuttling p-Chk2 out of the nucleus to protect the tumor cells from its pro-apoptotic functions.	Fluorouracil	63-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
30304835-3	2018	Here, we show for the first time that cytoplasmic p21 mediates 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) resistance by shuttling p-Chk2 out of the nucleus to protect the tumor cells from its pro-apoptotic functions.	Fluorouracil	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
30125794-4	2018	In this report we found that three typical phthalates, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), up-regulated cyclinD1 and PCNA, down-regulated P21, inducing proliferation of prostate cancer cells.	phthalic acid	43-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
29923895-11	2018	Furthermore, western blot analysis showed that p27 and p21 were accumulated in the clones with Cif, compared with the colon cancer cell lines with GFP or with Cif.	cif	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
30341510-15	2018	High glucose led to high expression of p53, p21, Rb, p-stat1 and p-stat3 and premature senescence of HGMCs by activating the telomere-p53-p21-Rb and JAK/STAT signaling pathways.	Glucose	5-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
30341510-15	2018	High glucose led to high expression of p53, p21, Rb, p-stat1 and p-stat3 and premature senescence of HGMCs by activating the telomere-p53-p21-Rb and JAK/STAT signaling pathways.	Glucose	5-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
30047791-4	2018	METHODS: In the present study, we hypothesized that pioglitazone would decrease proliferation of human leukoplakia cells (MSK Leuk1) and transformed bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) through regulatory changes of G1 checkpoint protein regulators, p21 and cyclin-D1.	Pioglitazone	52-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	250-253
30047791-7	2018	We also observed p21 protein induction after treatment with pioglitazone, which was preceded by measurable increases in p21 mRNA induction.	Pioglitazone	60-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
30047791-7	2018	We also observed p21 protein induction after treatment with pioglitazone, which was preceded by measurable increases in p21 mRNA induction.	Pioglitazone	60-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
30047791-8	2018	CONCLUSIONS: We conclude the PPARgamma activator, pioglitazone, can activate p21, which is associated with decreased proliferation in 2 aerodigestive preneoplastic cell lines.	Pioglitazone	50-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
30047791-9	2018	In addition, the p21 gene may be a potential hypothesis-driven biomarker in translational studies of pioglitazone as a chemoprevention agent for aerodigestive cancer.	Pioglitazone	101-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
29933074-5	2018	Furthermore, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species, p-p53, and p21 (but not p38) levels were detected in MSCs from PGF patients.	Prostaglandins F	125-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
30125794-4	2018	In this report we found that three typical phthalates, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), up-regulated cyclinD1 and PCNA, down-regulated P21, inducing proliferation of prostate cancer cells.	Diethylhexyl Phthalate	55-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
30125794-4	2018	In this report we found that three typical phthalates, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), up-regulated cyclinD1 and PCNA, down-regulated P21, inducing proliferation of prostate cancer cells.	Diethylhexyl Phthalate	79-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
30125794-4	2018	In this report we found that three typical phthalates, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), up-regulated cyclinD1 and PCNA, down-regulated P21, inducing proliferation of prostate cancer cells.	butylbenzyl phthalate	86-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
29932882-10	2018	The expression of p21 was increased after Nutlin treatments in pterygium cells (2.49 folds in 20 muM Nutlin treated cells compared to control treated cells, p = 0.012).	nutlin	42-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
30125794-4	2018	In this report we found that three typical phthalates, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), up-regulated cyclinD1 and PCNA, down-regulated P21, inducing proliferation of prostate cancer cells.	butylbenzyl phthalate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
30125794-4	2018	In this report we found that three typical phthalates, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), up-regulated cyclinD1 and PCNA, down-regulated P21, inducing proliferation of prostate cancer cells.	Dibutyl Phthalate	119-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
30125794-4	2018	In this report we found that three typical phthalates, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), up-regulated cyclinD1 and PCNA, down-regulated P21, inducing proliferation of prostate cancer cells.	Dibutyl Phthalate	138-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
30145367-6	2018	The stimulatory effect of NK1R inhibition on ATO cytotoxicity is probably mediated through up-regulation of p73, which can subsequently engage p21 and NF-kappaB pathway via transcriptional suppression of c-Myc.	ato	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
30233720-8	2018	In addition, propofol treatment significantly increased the levels of forkhead box (FOX)O1, FOXO3, Bim, pro-caspase-3, active caspase-3, p53 and p21.	Propofol	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
30026090-7	2018	Expressions of proapoptotic genes, such as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, p21 and CDKN2, were induced by resveratrol in myoma cells.	Resveratrol	98-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
30066853-7	2018	Cerdulatinib induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, which was associated with a decreased cyclin-dependent kinase 1 and cyclin B1, and an increased p21 and p27 expression.	4-(cyclopropylamino)-2-((4-(4-(ethylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)amino)pyrimidine-5-carboxamide	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
30015921-8	2018	Expression of p21 and p27 was upregulated, while cyclin E and CDK2 were downregulated in UPA-treated primary-cultured leiomyoma cells.	ulipristal acetate	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
30066859-8	2018	The results of western blot analysis revealed that TCDD increased the protein levels of p53, Rb, p21, and regucalcin, which are suppressors of the growth of tumor cells.	Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins	51-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
30197676-6	2018	Consistent with previous studies, the present study demonstrated that cisplatin treatment and RBEL1A overexpression blocked the oligomerization of p53 in MCF-7 cells and led to a decrease of the transcriptional activity of p53 and its downstream target gene p21.	Cisplatin	70-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	258-261
29744857-4	2018	Accordingly, 10 microM NaHS significantly increased the percentage of cells undergoing DNA replication, elevated the mRNA and/or protein expression of Cyclin A2, Cyclin D1/3, Cyclin E2 and PCNA, and decreased p21 mRNA expression.	sodium bisulfide	23-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
30513211-14	2018	Further studies revealed that EGCG induced cell cycle arrest at G1 by downregulation of cyclin E and cyclin D1 and upregulation of p21.	epigallocatechin gallate	30-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
30214601-8	2018	Western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses suggested that chaetominine treatment facilitated the expression of p53, p21, checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) and phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (p-ATM) and caused a reduction in the mRNA levels of cyclin E and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 2 and 4.	chaetominine	102-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
30214601-9	2018	These results suggest that chaetominine may be involved in the regulation of p53/p21 and ATM and Rad3-related (ATM)/Chk2 signaling in SW1116 cells.	chaetominine	27-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
29964052-11	2018	Silencing DLC1 markedly attenuated SA-beta-gal activity and p38MAPK, p27 and p21 protein levels, and increased Rb expression, indicating that resveratrol promoted senescence via targeting DLC1.	Resveratrol	142-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
29864457-5	2018	In this study, we showed that BBP induced proliferation of both ER(+) MCF-7 and ER(-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, proved by increased cell viability, transition of cell cycle from G1 to S phase, upregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Cyclin D1, and downregulation of p21.	butylbenzyl phthalate	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
29864457-6	2018	Meanwhile, the expression of oncogenic miR-19a/b and PTEN/AKT/p21 axis was also modulated by BBP.	butylbenzyl phthalate	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
30250579-7	2018	The apoptosis rate of SAOS2 and MG63 cells induced by cisplatin were increased in BAMBI-treated osteosarcoma SAOS2 and MG63 cells via downregulation of the anti-apoptosis genes P16, P21 and B-cell lymphoma 2.	saos2	22-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
30250579-7	2018	The apoptosis rate of SAOS2 and MG63 cells induced by cisplatin were increased in BAMBI-treated osteosarcoma SAOS2 and MG63 cells via downregulation of the anti-apoptosis genes P16, P21 and B-cell lymphoma 2.	Cisplatin	54-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
30211553-4	2018	Also, Kaempferol increased the PARP cleavages and activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3, phospho-p38 MAPK, p53, and p21 in HCT116 and HCT15 cells.	kaempferol	6-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
30141807-10	2018	Our data indicate that lipin1 overexpression may cause reduction of intracellular iron content, which could activate the p53-p21-p27 signaling pathways, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in the hepatic carcinoma cells.	Iron	82-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
29964052-6	2018	Our results showed that resveratrol inhibited proliferation of cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and H1299) and induced senescence along with increase of SA-beta-gal activity and regulation of senescence-associated molecular markers p38MAPK, p-p38MAPK, p27, p21, Rb and p-Rb protein.	Resveratrol	24-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	261-264
30125085-7	2018	3D frameworks of NaK6Cl(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2 (space group Pnnm) and Na2Cs6Cl2(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2 ( P21/ c) can be constructed from the same SBUs [UGe4] pentamers.	na2cs6cl2(uo2	61-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-93
30124901-0	2018	Zinc oxide nanoparticles affect the expression of p53, Ras p21 and JNKs: an ex vivo/in vitro exposure study in respiratory disease patients.	Zinc Oxide	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
30141919-2	2018	ABa2MS4Cl (A = Rb, Cs; M = Ge, Sn) undergoes an interesting structural transition from P21/ c (alpha phase) to I4/ mcm (beta phase), which also leads to obvious disparities on the birefringence from 0.041 (alpha phase) to 0.094 (beta phase).	aba2ms4cl	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-130
30141919-2	2018	ABa2MS4Cl (A = Rb, Cs; M = Ge, Sn) undergoes an interesting structural transition from P21/ c (alpha phase) to I4/ mcm (beta phase), which also leads to obvious disparities on the birefringence from 0.041 (alpha phase) to 0.094 (beta phase).	Cesium	19-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-130
29901848-4	2018	[(COH)4 ][AsF6 ] crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 /n with two formula units per unit cell.	[(coh)4 ][asf6	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
29752478-4	2018	Western blot and real-time qPCR analysis revealed that bafilomycin C1 caused partial G0/G1 phase cell-cycle arrest, downregulated the expression of cyclin D3, cyclin E1, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 and upregulated the expression of p21.	bafilomycin C1	55-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	225-228
30221528-12	2018	Moreover, after 24 hours of exposure to hypericin with MDA- MB-231 IC50 concentration, the expression of P53 and P21 genes upregulated in MDA-MB-175-VII much more than MDA-MB-231 when both cell lines were treated with 24 hours IC50 dose of MDA-MB-231.	hypericin	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
30221528-13	2018	The ICC analysis on P21 confirmed that by treating both cell lines with MDA-MB-231 IC50 dose of hypericin for 24 hours, this protein is overexpressed much more in MDA-MB-175-VII cells.	hypericin	96-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
30091530-5	2018	SAHA and MG132 treatment increased the expression levels of ING5, PTEN, p53, Caspase-3, Bax, p21, and p27 but decreased the expression levels of 14-3-3, MMP-2, MMP-9, ADFP, Nanog, c-myc, CyclinD1, CyclinB1, and Cdc25c concentration dependently, similar to ING5.	Vorinostat	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
30091530-5	2018	SAHA and MG132 treatment increased the expression levels of ING5, PTEN, p53, Caspase-3, Bax, p21, and p27 but decreased the expression levels of 14-3-3, MMP-2, MMP-9, ADFP, Nanog, c-myc, CyclinD1, CyclinB1, and Cdc25c concentration dependently, similar to ING5.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	9-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
30210693-8	2018	The cells were blocked in G0/G1 phase by chidamide, but when chidamide was combined with decitabine, the cell cycle was mainly blocked in G2/M phase, accompanied by the induction of p21 expression.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	61-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
30302047-6	2018	Ammonia-induced senescence in astrocytes involves glutamine synthesis-dependent formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), p53 activation and upregulation of cell cycle inhibitory factors p21 and GADD45alpha.	Ammonia	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
30225112-2	2018	Treatment of 1 with ZnCl2 results in the com-pound bis-[bis-(3,5-diiso-propyl-pyrazol-1-yl)acetato]-zinc(II), [Zn(C20H31N4O2)2] (2), whose structure has monoclinic (P21/c) symmetry.	zinc chloride	20-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-170
30225112-2	2018	Treatment of 1 with ZnCl2 results in the com-pound bis-[bis-(3,5-diiso-propyl-pyrazol-1-yl)acetato]-zinc(II), [Zn(C20H31N4O2)2] (2), whose structure has monoclinic (P21/c) symmetry.	bis-[bis-(3,5-diiso-propyl-pyrazol-1-yl)acetato]-zinc	51-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-170
30225112-2	2018	Treatment of 1 with ZnCl2 results in the com-pound bis-[bis-(3,5-diiso-propyl-pyrazol-1-yl)acetato]-zinc(II), [Zn(C20H31N4O2)2] (2), whose structure has monoclinic (P21/c) symmetry.	[zn(c20h31n4o2)2	110-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-170
29993185-6	2018	Taken together the in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo validation studies, it was proven that Gonearrestide could inhibit the growth of primary colon cancer cells and solid tumours by triggering cell cycle arrest in G1 phase through inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4) and up-regulate the expression of cell cycle regulators/inhibitors-cyclin D3, p27, and p21.	gonearrestide	88-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	362-365
30210693-8	2018	The cells were blocked in G0/G1 phase by chidamide, but when chidamide was combined with decitabine, the cell cycle was mainly blocked in G2/M phase, accompanied by the induction of p21 expression.	Decitabine	89-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
29468525-11	2018	The implication of H19 EZH2 p21/PTEN pathway by VPA treatment suggests that we could repurpose an old drug, valproic acid, as an effective drug for treatment of ovarian cancer in the future.	Valproic Acid	108-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
30004684-1	2018	K2ZnGe3S8 belonging to the noncentrosymmetric space group P21 of the monoclinic system was discovered via a solid-state method.	k2znge3s8	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
30009594-4	2018	Remarkably, o-TolLi crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric space group P212121 with two independent monomers, whereas the crystal structure of p-TolLi is described in spacegroup P21/ a.	o-tolli	12-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
29729264-9	2018	Similar to the effects of rapamycin, pretreatment with Dex also decreased the number of senescent tubular cells and weakened the protein expression of senescence-associated markers such as p53, p21, and p16.	Dexmedetomidine	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-197
30116377-7	2018	In conclusion, curcumin inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells and induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which may be associated with the decrease of CDC25 and CDC2 and increase of P21 protein levels, as well as inhibition of the phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR and induction of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.	Curcumin	15-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
29381896-3	2018	RESULTS: Regardless of administration time, spermine supplementation significantly up-regulated cyclin A2 gene expression but down-regulated p21 and cyclin D3 mRNA levels in the thymus and spleen and reduced cyclin E2 gene expression in the thymus of piglets (p&amp;lt; 0.05).	Spermine	44-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
29726704-9	2018	In contrast, zafirlukast showed a greater antiproliferative effect than montelukast and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by upregulating p53 and p21 expression.	zafirlukast	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
28797827-0	2018	Interaction between mTOR pathway inhibition and autophagy induction attenuates adriamycin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell senescence through decreased expressions of p53/p21/p16.	Doxorubicin	79-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
28797827-7	2018	Results of further experiments showed that mTOR pathway inhibition regulates adriamycin-induced expression of senescence markers (p53/p21/p16), which plays an important role in different aspects of cellular aging.	Doxorubicin	77-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
30116377-5	2018	In-depth study of its mechanism of action revealed that curcumin induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and decreased the expression of the CDC25 and CDC2 proteins, while increasing the expression of P21.	Curcumin	56-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
29709426-7	2018	While knock-outing STIM1 by CRISPR-CAS9 in 16HBE or inhibiting STIM1 mediated SOCE activation ameliorated cell death caused by acute PQ treatment, which also leaded to alleviating the cell accumulation in S phase through the modulation the expression of cyclinD1, p21, cyclinA2 and CDK2.	Paraquat	133-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	264-267
29504068-0	2018	Histone deacetylase inhibitor chidamide induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in NK/T lymphoma cells through ATM-Chk2-p53-p21 signalling pathway.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	30-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
29504068-6	2018	In addition, we found that chidamide suppressed the phosphorylation levels of proteins in the AKT/mTOR and MAPK signalling pathways and activated the DDR cell cycle checkpoint pathway, that is, the ATM-Chk2-p53-p21 pathway.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
29504068-9	2018	Our results provide evidence that chidamide shows antitumour effects by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR and MAPK signalling pathways and activating the ATM-Chk2-p53-p21 signalling pathway in vitro.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	34-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
29901174-9	2018	Furthermore, Bim and p21 were upregulated in OS cells following apcin treatment.	apcin	64-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
28679068-2	2018	In present study, berberine hydrochloride (BER) triggered proliferative inhibition and G2/M arrest in AGS cells, down-regulated protein expression of cyclin B1, Bcl-2, up-regulated expression of p21, p53 and cleaved caspase 3, but showed no effect on protein expression of CHOP, Bip, and caspase 4.	berberine chloride	18-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
28679068-2	2018	In present study, berberine hydrochloride (BER) triggered proliferative inhibition and G2/M arrest in AGS cells, down-regulated protein expression of cyclin B1, Bcl-2, up-regulated expression of p21, p53 and cleaved caspase 3, but showed no effect on protein expression of CHOP, Bip, and caspase 4.	Berberine	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
30008912-6	2018	Treatment of beta-elemene-paclitaxel arrested the cell cycle and decreased cyclin-dependent kinase, cyclin-B1, P21 and P27 expression levels and decreased resistant genes alterations of ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1, LDL receptor related protein and TS in U-2OS cells.	beta-elemene	13-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
30008912-6	2018	Treatment of beta-elemene-paclitaxel arrested the cell cycle and decreased cyclin-dependent kinase, cyclin-B1, P21 and P27 expression levels and decreased resistant genes alterations of ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1, LDL receptor related protein and TS in U-2OS cells.	Paclitaxel	26-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
30060617-6	2018	We verified that manzamine A induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase via inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases by p53/p21/p27 and triggered a caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death through mitochondrial membrane potential depletion.	manzamine A	17-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
29778287-5	2018	One of the underlying mechanisms of the anti-cancer effect exerted by PGG, was owing to the induction p53 expression, a well-known tumor suppressor, and increased in P21, the representative target gene of p53.	beta-penta-O-galloyl-glucose	70-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
29998254-2	2018	The crystal structure of [Cr(C6H6)2][TDTD] belongs to the monoclinic P21/c space group, and involves a CdSO4-type network (or quartz dual net), which is formed by CHN hydrogen bonds between [Cr(C6H6)2]+ (S = 1/2) and [TDTD]- (S = 1/2).	cr(c6h6)2	26-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-74
29998254-2	2018	The crystal structure of [Cr(C6H6)2][TDTD] belongs to the monoclinic P21/c space group, and involves a CdSO4-type network (or quartz dual net), which is formed by CHN hydrogen bonds between [Cr(C6H6)2]+ (S = 1/2) and [TDTD]- (S = 1/2).	[cr(c6h6)2	25-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-74
29893564-5	2018	In contrast, alpha- and beta-Ba2[VO2F2(IO3)2]IO3 contain the cis-[VO2F2(IO3)2]3- Lambda-shaped polyanion and crystallize in the polar space groups Pna21 and P21, respectively.	alpha- and beta-ba2[vo2f2(io3)2]io3	13-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
29923573-5	2018	Mechanistically, PEITC induced ROS accumulation, nuclear translocation of p53 and p21 and G1/S cell cycle arrest in vitro; increased p53 and 8-oxo-dG levels; and decreased Ki-67 intense/mild staining ratios without TUNEL changes in vivo.	phenethyl isothiocyanate	17-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
29677534-6	2018	Senescence induced by punicalagin treatment was further confirmed by cell cycle arrest and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.	punicalagin	22-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
30093863-7	2018	Moreover, triptolide dose-dependently increased the protein expression levels of Fas, Bax, p53, p21, cyclin E, cleaved caspase-3, 8, and 9; and subsequent cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).	triptolide	10-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
29973425-4	2018	Salt 1s crystallizes in the space group P21/n with one cation and half an anion in the asymmetric unit across an inversion centre, while (2s) crystallizes in the space group P21 with four cations and two anions in the asymmetric unit.	salt 1s	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
29635125-6	2018	In the present study, NOB selectively suppressed the growth and proliferation of human SKOV3/TAX cells, inducing G0/G1 phase arrest and reducing G2/M phase, along with the increase of p53 and p21.	nobiletin	22-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	192-195
29988358-8	2018	Treatment of compound-1H could arrest cell cycle in S phase through up-regulating P21 and P53, and down-regulating cyclin A and E in a dose-dependent manner.	Hydrogen	22-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
29705383-8	2018	Flow cytometric analysis showed that endosulfan at 50 and 75 muM induced cell cycle G1 arrest, a response attributed to down-regulation of CDK6 and up-regulation of p21.	Endosulfan	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
29727601-3	2018	In these cell lines, trametinib treatment induced p21 expression and dephosphorylated RB1, leading to sustained suppression of survivin.	trametinib	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
30050935-5	2018	As anticipated, TMZ caused DNA damage mediated by the ATM/p53/p21 signaling pathway and induced significant G2 delay.	Temozolomide	16-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
30050935-7	2018	Mechanistic study showed that coadministration of caffeine and TMZ suppressed the phosphorylation of ATM and p53 and downregulated p21 expression, thus releasing DNA-damaged cells from G2 arrest into premature mitosis.	Caffeine	50-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
30050935-7	2018	Mechanistic study showed that coadministration of caffeine and TMZ suppressed the phosphorylation of ATM and p53 and downregulated p21 expression, thus releasing DNA-damaged cells from G2 arrest into premature mitosis.	Temozolomide	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
30050935-10	2018	In conclusion, our study demonstrated that caffeine enhanced the efficacy of TMZ through mitotic cell death by impeding ATM/p53/p21-mediated G2 arrest.	Caffeine	43-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
30050935-10	2018	In conclusion, our study demonstrated that caffeine enhanced the efficacy of TMZ through mitotic cell death by impeding ATM/p53/p21-mediated G2 arrest.	Temozolomide	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
29872820-6	2018	Furthermore, the reduction of the cellular iron content induced alterations of p53-p27-p21 signaling to arrest the cell cycle at S phase in SMMC7721 cells treated by chemerin.	Iron	43-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
29702091-5	2018	Significantly, MALAT1 deletion sensitized HepG2 cells to 5-FU-induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, as evidenced by the significant reduction in Cyclin D1 and CDK4 and increase in p53, p21 and p27 protein levels.	Fluorouracil	57-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
29997096-10	2018	PCa cells co-cultured with HMC-1 cells showed increased resistance to docetaxel, and silencing p21 partially reversed docetaxel resistance in PCa cells.	Docetaxel	118-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
29997096-11	2018	CONCLUSION: Infiltrating mast cells up-regulates p21 to promote NED and increase docetaxel resistance in PCa cells in vitro.	Docetaxel	81-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
29727601-4	2018	Knockdown of p21 or RB1 restored survivin expression in trametinib-treated cells, at least partially, which supports the contribution of these molecules to trametinib-mediated survivin suppression.	trametinib	56-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
29727601-4	2018	Knockdown of p21 or RB1 restored survivin expression in trametinib-treated cells, at least partially, which supports the contribution of these molecules to trametinib-mediated survivin suppression.	trametinib	156-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
29895782-2	2018	EtOH increased senescence activity, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of cell cycle regulators (p53, p21 and p16) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) genes (interleukin [IL]-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) in HPDLCs and cementoblasts.	Ethanol	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
29695509-3	2018	In addition to the well-described tandem phosphorylation of Thr-52 and Ser-62 in the Myc transactivation domain linked to its degradation, P21 (RAC1)-activated kinase 2 (PAK2)-mediated phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues in the C-terminal basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) region regulates Myc transcriptional activity.	Threonine	215-224	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
29695509-3	2018	In addition to the well-described tandem phosphorylation of Thr-52 and Ser-62 in the Myc transactivation domain linked to its degradation, P21 (RAC1)-activated kinase 2 (PAK2)-mediated phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues in the C-terminal basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) region regulates Myc transcriptional activity.	Threonine	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
29695509-3	2018	In addition to the well-described tandem phosphorylation of Thr-52 and Ser-62 in the Myc transactivation domain linked to its degradation, P21 (RAC1)-activated kinase 2 (PAK2)-mediated phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues in the C-terminal basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) region regulates Myc transcriptional activity.	Serine	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
29695509-3	2018	In addition to the well-described tandem phosphorylation of Thr-52 and Ser-62 in the Myc transactivation domain linked to its degradation, P21 (RAC1)-activated kinase 2 (PAK2)-mediated phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues in the C-terminal basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) region regulates Myc transcriptional activity.	Serine	204-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
29927390-2	2018	Rietveld refinement of X-ray data for hydrothermal K2X2+Si5O12 (X = Fe2+, Co, Zn) samples shows that they crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c and have tetrahedral cations (Si and X) ordered onto distinct framework sites [cf.	si5o12	56-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-153
29770696-4	2018	In accordance with observed number of bands and group theoretical predictions, the most likely symmetry of all compounds in the Ba2Ln2/3TeO6 system was found to be monoclinic with P21 /n space group.	ba2ln2	128-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
29318697-8	2018	We found that oroxylin A inhibited ethanol-induced hepatocyte senescence by decreasing the number of SA-beta-gal-positive LO2 cells and reducing the expression of senescence markers p16, p21 and Hmga1 in vitro.	5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one	14-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
29318697-8	2018	We found that oroxylin A inhibited ethanol-induced hepatocyte senescence by decreasing the number of SA-beta-gal-positive LO2 cells and reducing the expression of senescence markers p16, p21 and Hmga1 in vitro.	Ethanol	35-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
28926094-10	2018	Additionally, curcumin activated the P53 signaling pathway by up-regulating P53 and P21, which also inhibited PI3K pathway through down-regulating PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR.	Curcumin	14-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
29512682-10	2018	Moreover, the p53-p21-retinoblastoma protein (Rb) pathway was activated by CMT to mediate the CMT-induced premature senescence of NP cells.	cmt	75-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
29658603-10	2018	Finally, we demonstrated that the marked changes in the A549/DDP cell response to NaHS may be triggered by the activation of p53, and overexpression of p21, caspase-3, Bax and MMP-2, as well as the downregulation of Bcl-xL.	sodium bisulfide	82-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
29741716-11	2018	Validation experiments also found that riboflavin depletion decreased p21 and p27 protein levels by ~20%, and increased cell cycle-related and expression-elevated protein in tumor (CREPT) protein expression &gt;2-fold, resulting in cyclin D1 and CDK4 levels being increased ~1.5-fold, and cell cycle acceleration.	Riboflavin	39-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
28714320-6	2018	We also provide evidence that excessive ROS triggered by polyphyllin Iota could induce G2/M phase arrest via regulating cycle proteins expression of cell cycle regulators, such as p21 and cyclinB1.	ros	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
28714320-6	2018	We also provide evidence that excessive ROS triggered by polyphyllin Iota could induce G2/M phase arrest via regulating cycle proteins expression of cell cycle regulators, such as p21 and cyclinB1.	polyphyllin iota	57-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
29587241-5	2018	Results demonstrate that milimolar concentrations of butyrate has an anti-proliferative effect in all three colon cancer cell lines under study, leading to a decrease on cell viability, expression of P21, P53 and beta-catenin, being able to modulate P-glycoprotein activity and to induce apoptosis by modulation of BAX/BCL-2 ratio.	Butyrates	53-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
29458130-8	2018	Our previous studies demonstrated the importance of p21 in the antiviral activity of the HCMV kinase inhibitor, maribavir.	maribavir	112-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
29808802-9	2018	Further, cisplatin could induce apoptosis through increasing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, p21 and cleaved-caspase-3 expression.	Cisplatin	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
29734760-5	2018	In the present study, we demonstrated that kaempferol induced G2/M cell cycle arrest via the Chk2/Cdc25C/Cdc2 pathway and Chk2/p21/Cdc2 pathway in human ovarian cancer A2780/CP70 cells.	kaempferol	43-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
29726462-4	2018	The second polymorph crystallized as a zwitterionic dihydrate in the space group P21 at 90 K, with Z" = 2.	zwitterionic dihydrate	39-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
29427610-2	2018	Here, we found that DTBP induces senescence in human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells as evidenced by upregulation of p21 and Rb and increased beta-galactosidase activity.	2,4-di-tert-butylphenol	20-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
29743815-14	2018	Moreover, genistein, daidzein and ERB-041 treatment reduced p-FAK, p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-GSK3beta, p21 or cyclin D1 expression in ovarian cancer cells.	Genistein	10-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
29743815-14	2018	Moreover, genistein, daidzein and ERB-041 treatment reduced p-FAK, p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-GSK3beta, p21 or cyclin D1 expression in ovarian cancer cells.	daidzein	21-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
29743815-15	2018	Conclusion: Genistein, daidzein and ERB-041 decreased ovarian cancer cell migration, invasion, proliferation and sphere formation, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis with altered FAK and PI3K/AKT/GSK signaling and p21/cyclin D1 expression, suggesting their roles on ovarian cancer cell metastasis, tumorigenesis and stem-like properties and their potential as alternative therapies for ovarian cancer patients.	Genistein	12-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
29928364-9	2018	Decreased chemosensitivity to cisplatin may be associated with increased expression of phosphorylated-protein kinase B and cyclin dependent kinase 2 and with decreased expression of p21 and the B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 associated X/Bcl-2 ratio.	Cisplatin	30-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
29843366-4	2018	The major causes of excessive DSBs in H1299 cells are as follows: First, defect of p53-p21 signal and phosphorylation of SMC1 increase S phase cells, where replication of DNA containing single-strand DNA break (SSB) produces more DSBs in H1299 cells.	dsbs	30-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
29762502-4	2018	Flow cytometric assay displayed that polyphyllin VI promoted the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and induced S phase cell cycle arrest by decreasing the expression of cyclin A2 and CDK2, while significantly increasing the expression of p21 protein.	Polyphyllin VI	37-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	305-308
29751524-8	2018	Additionally, beta-asarone modulated the cell cycle-related proteins p21, p27, Cdc25A, cyclin D, cyclin E, and CDK2.	asarone	14-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
29143360-0	2018	Identification of a pyridine derivative inducing senescence in ovarian cancer cell lines via P21 activation.	pyridine	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
29143360-11	2018	Furthermore, we found that p21 was up-regulated and DNA damage was accumulated in FPTHQ-treated ovarian cancer cells.	fpthq	82-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
29111607-5	2018	The perchlorate salt [FeL2 ][ClO4 ]2  Me2 CO also adopts phase 1 at room temperature but undergoes a different phase transition near 135 K to phase 3 (P21 /c, Z=8) without a change in spin state.	perchlorate salt [fel2 ][clo4 ]2  me2 co	4-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
29143360-12	2018	So far, our data suggest that FPTHQ can induce senescence in multiple ovarian cancer cell lines through activation of p21 signalling pathway by causing excessive DNA damage.	fpthq	30-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
29682649-4	2018	Its analogue 2 also crystallizes in P21/c at 293 K by changing the halogen atoms of both cations and anions of 1.	Halogens	67-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
29710846-8	2018	Certainly, our data illuminated that HPOB-mediated cell death occurs via transcriptional activation of p21, which was associated with an elevated level of global histone 3 acetylation (H3Ac) modification.	h3ac	185-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
29510199-8	2018	KEY FINDINGS: Linalool (0-2.5 mM) dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation by inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, through Cdk4 and cyclin A downregulation, p21 and p27 upregulation, and apoptosis, characterized by MMP loss, caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage and DNA fragmentation.	linalool	14-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
29620022-2	2018	The 1:1 adduct of pyridine and urea, C5H5N CH4N2O, crystallizes in the P21/c space group with Z = 4.	pyridine	18-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-76
29620022-2	2018	The 1:1 adduct of pyridine and urea, C5H5N CH4N2O, crystallizes in the P21/c space group with Z = 4.	Urea	31-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-76
29620022-2	2018	The 1:1 adduct of pyridine and urea, C5H5N CH4N2O, crystallizes in the P21/c space group with Z = 4.	c5h5n ch4n2o	37-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-76
29620022-4	2018	The 1:1 adduct of pyridine and thiourea, C5H5N CH4N2S, crystallizes in the P21/n space group, with Z = 32 (Z" = 8).	pyridine	18-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
29620022-4	2018	The 1:1 adduct of pyridine and thiourea, C5H5N CH4N2S, crystallizes in the P21/n space group, with Z = 32 (Z" = 8).	Thiourea	31-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
29620022-4	2018	The 1:1 adduct of pyridine and thiourea, C5H5N CH4N2S, crystallizes in the P21/n space group, with Z = 32 (Z" = 8).	c5h5n ch4n2s	41-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
29290529-8	2018	RESULTS: Treatment with SAHA inhibited the proliferation of SK-Mel-5 cells, enhanced the phosphorylation of R-Smad, and up-regulated p21 protein.	Vorinostat	24-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
29432993-6	2018	Oridonin also induced G2/M phase arrest in OSCC cells via down-regulating the G2/M transition-related proteins such as cyclin B1 or up-regulating cyclin D1, cyclin D3, P21, p-CDK1 and cyclin A2.	oridonin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
29332828-9	2018	Using the UPLC-MS/MS data, peaks P14, P19, P21, and P30 were respectively identified as chlorogenic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin, and then the results were confirmed through comparison with the standards and other references.	Quercetin	106-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
29543494-8	2018	In addition, piperlongumine was reported to interfere with the expression of p21, p27, cleaved caspases-3, Bax, Bcl-2, and p-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are typical regulators associated with cell proliferation, intrinsic apoptosis, and JNKs pathway.	piperlonguminine	13-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
29436653-6	2018	Mechanistically, 4-AP upregulated the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and modulated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway and its downstream cell cycle factors, including cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and p21, as well as apoptosis-associated proteins B-cell lymphoma 2, pro-caspase 9, pro-caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved caspase 3.	4-Aminopyridine	17-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	245-248
29332828-9	2018	Using the UPLC-MS/MS data, peaks P14, P19, P21, and P30 were respectively identified as chlorogenic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin, and then the results were confirmed through comparison with the standards and other references.	Chlorogenic Acid	88-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
29332828-9	2018	Using the UPLC-MS/MS data, peaks P14, P19, P21, and P30 were respectively identified as chlorogenic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin, and then the results were confirmed through comparison with the standards and other references.	kaempferol	117-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
29332828-9	2018	Using the UPLC-MS/MS data, peaks P14, P19, P21, and P30 were respectively identified as chlorogenic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin, and then the results were confirmed through comparison with the standards and other references.	3-methylquercetin	133-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
30023857-3	2018	The Rietveld-refined X-ray diffraction patterns shows all compounds to exist in the layered monoclinic LiV3O8 phase belonging to the space group of P21/m.	liv3o8	103-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
29544306-6	2018	We further uncover new tetragonal and monoclinic structures of PbS with space group P21/c and I41/amd, respectively.	Lead	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-97
29309885-6	2018	Upregulation of p53 and p21 upon etoposide treatment is attenuated in HBXIP knock-down cells.	Etoposide	33-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
29568320-3	2018	The enzymes responsible for arginine methylation, protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), have been shown to methylate or associate with important regulatory proteins of the cell cycle and DNA damage repair pathways, such as cyclin D1, p53, p21 and the retinoblastoma protein.	Arginine	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	246-249
29504556-9	2018	Bis(3,4-dimethylpyridine-3,4-dimethylpyridinium) diiodidoaurate(I) iodide, [(3,4-lut)2H+]2 [AuI2]- I-, (2), crystallizes as two polymorphs, each forming pseudosymmetric inversion twins, in the space groups P21 and Pc (but resembling P21/m and P2/c), respectively.	bis(3,4-dimethylpyridine-3,4-dimethylpyridinium) diiodidoaurate	0-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-216
29523159-10	2018	Two miRNA clusters, miR-17-92 and miR-106b-25, were significantly suppressed by triptolide, which resulted in the upregulation of their common target genes, including BIM, PTEN, and p21.	triptolide	80-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
29513749-10	2018	Also, CQ increased the p21 level but reduced that of cyclin B1.	Chloroquine	6-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
31458563-5	2018	The complex 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic symmetry with the P21/c space group in which the N-O unit of the radical coordinates with the Co ion through hydrogen bonding of a water molecule.	Water	176-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-68
29331588-9	2018	Notably, montelukast reduced expression of the senescence markers p53, p21 and PAI-1.	montelukast	9-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
29779106-0	2018	Modular Nanotransporter with P21 Fragment Inhibits DNA Repair after Bleomycin Treatment.	Bleomycin	68-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
29779106-2	2018	This p21 fragment in MNT can significantly inhibit DNA repair in A431 human carcinoma cells after bleomycin treatment.	Bleomycin	98-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
29444596-5	2018	Importantly, our results display interleukin-1betatreatment significantly increased the expressions of senescence genes (caveolin-1, PAI-1 and p21), which were prevented by agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide treatment.	arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide	181-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
29223572-8	2018	Our results confirmed the induction of p53/p21 axis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in anticancer activities of both drugs, an effect more pronounced for the CFZ-curcumin tested combinations.	carfilzomib	154-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
29363886-3	2018	Treatment of two OSCC cell lines with honokiol resulted in reducing the cell proliferation and arresting the cell cycle at G1 stage which was correlated with the down-regulation of Cdk2 and Cdk4 and the up-regulation of cell cycle suppressors, p21 and p27.	honokiol	38-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	244-247
31938221-8	2018	We found that 125I significantly induced cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway, triggered S phase arrest via regulating cyclinA2, p21 and CDK6 expressions.	2-iodotyrosine	14-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
29235378-13	2018	In conclusion, these data suggest that the BM"s hexane fraction inhibited proliferation of cell lines mainly by a p21-dependent, p53-independent mechanism and promoted apoptosis through activation of caspase-3, but not caspase-8 or -9.	Hexanes	48-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
29629344-10	2018	The induced expression of cytochrome c, p53, p21 and p27, and down-regulated CDK2 and CDK4 may be the underlying molecular mechanisms of esculetin effect.	esculetin	137-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
29346597-5	2018	Exenatide treatment also suppressed Keap-1 protein (P &lt; 0.05) and increased messenger RNA expression of NQO-1, glutathione S-transferase PI, heme oxygenase-1, and p21 and increased NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 protein (P &lt; 0.05) in mononuclear cells.	Exenatide	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
29467390-10	2018	Etoposide induced p21 expression as expected, but p21 protein levels were even increased in the presence of FGF1.	Etoposide	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
29411966-1	2018	In the search for superconductivity in a BaAu2Sb2-type monoclinic structure, we have successfully synthesized the new compound BaPt2Bi2, which crystallizes in the space group P21/m (No.	bapt2bi2	127-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-180
29765714-1	2018	The title compound, C16H16BrNO3, which shows enol-imine tautomerism, crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c space group.	c16h16brno3	20-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-105
29511449-4	2018	Valproic acid (VPA) as a HDAC inhibitor was found to suppress SCLC cell growth and cell cycle arrest at phase G1, and observed to decrease HDAC4 and increase acetylation of histone H4 (AcH4) while activating Notch signalling with an increase of Notch1, Notch target gene HES1 and p21.	Valproic Acid	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	280-283
29511449-4	2018	Valproic acid (VPA) as a HDAC inhibitor was found to suppress SCLC cell growth and cell cycle arrest at phase G1, and observed to decrease HDAC4 and increase acetylation of histone H4 (AcH4) while activating Notch signalling with an increase of Notch1, Notch target gene HES1 and p21.	Valproic Acid	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	280-283
29643975-4	2018	In this study, we found that physiological hypoxia (10% O2) enhanced the stemness properties and promoted the proliferation ability of iHepSCs by accelerating G1/S transition via p53-p21 signaling pathway.	Oxygen	56-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
29456503-8	2017	Moreover, GDC-0449 partially reduced cell proliferation, which was associated with upregulation of p21 and downregulation of CycD1.	HhAntag691	10-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
29410485-0	2018	Quinacrine upregulates p21/p27 independent of p53 through autophagy-mediated downregulation of p62-Skp2 axis in ovarian cancer.	Quinacrine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
29400323-1	2018	Pentachloropyridine N-oxide, C5Cl5NO, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c.	pentachloropyridine n-oxide	0-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-86
29472861-8	2018	We further demonstrated that PGG decreased MYC expression in protein and mRNA levels and reversed the mRNA expression of MYC target genes such as p21, p27, and cyclin D2.	pgg	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
29400323-1	2018	Pentachloropyridine N-oxide, C5Cl5NO, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c.	c5cl5no	29-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-86
28947337-5	2018	The anhydrous form of tasimelteon, C15H19NO2, crystallizes in the monoclinic P21 space group, with a = 11.130(4), b = 4.907(2), c = 12.230(6) A, beta = 91.03(3) , V = 667.8(5) A3; Z = 2.	c15h19no2	35-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
29063134-8	2018	In addition, PFOS exposure increased CDK4 and decreased p27, p21, and p53 levels in the cells.	perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
29285650-10	2018	Furthermore, gemigliptin augments the inhibitory effect of metformin on proliferation and migration through involvement of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, p53, p21, VCAM-1, and ERK in thyroid carcinoma cells.	LC15-0444	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
29285650-10	2018	Furthermore, gemigliptin augments the inhibitory effect of metformin on proliferation and migration through involvement of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, p53, p21, VCAM-1, and ERK in thyroid carcinoma cells.	Metformin	59-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
29105282-8	2018	The experimental results revealed that escitalopram oxalate significantly inhibits the proliferation and invasive ability of U-87MG cells and significantly reduced the expressions of cell cycle inhibitors such as Skp2, P57, P21 and P27.	Citalopram	39-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	224-227
28915362-7	2018	Real-time RT-PCR studies revealed significant (p &lt; 0.01) up-regulation of P21 in the cells pretreated with auraptene after heat shock, whereas no significant change was observed in HSP27 expression.	aurapten	110-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
29434929-2	2018	The present study demonstrated that vernodalol, an active compound isolated from Centratherum anthelminticum, suppresses APL cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase through the upregulation of p21 and cell division cycle 25.	vernodalol	36-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
29207090-0	2018	Long intergenic non-coding RNA-p21 mediates cardiac senescence via the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.	Doxorubicin	109-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
29434841-8	2018	In addition, A172 cells treated with SB exhibited positivity for senescence-associated (SA) beta-galactosidase (gal) staining and elevated protein expression of p53 and p21 in a time- and dose-dependent manner, whereas the expression of p21 mRNA decreased.	Butyric Acid	37-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
29378575-6	2018	DHA, Omegaven  and oxaliplatin were associated with significant downregulation of VEGF and p53 protein, and upregulation of p21 protein.	dehydroacetic acid	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
29434841-8	2018	In addition, A172 cells treated with SB exhibited positivity for senescence-associated (SA) beta-galactosidase (gal) staining and elevated protein expression of p53 and p21 in a time- and dose-dependent manner, whereas the expression of p21 mRNA decreased.	Butyric Acid	37-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	237-240
29303911-5	2018	RESULTS: Treatment of PANC-1 cells over 4 days with 0.5 muM TSA restored cellular differentiation, inhibited proliferation, and enhanced p21 protein expression.	trichostatin A	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
29600625-9	2018	Moreover, notoginsenoside R1 decreased the mRNA expressions of miRNA-34a and p53 and the protein expression of p53, p21 and p16.At the same time, notoginsenoside R1 increased the protein and mRNA expressions of SIRT1.	notoginsenoside	10-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
29600625-9	2018	Moreover, notoginsenoside R1 decreased the mRNA expressions of miRNA-34a and p53 and the protein expression of p53, p21 and p16.At the same time, notoginsenoside R1 increased the protein and mRNA expressions of SIRT1.	notoginsenoside	146-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
29323682-1	2018	A mononuclear complex [Co(neo)(PhCOO)2,], neo = neocuproine, PhCOO- = the benzoate anion, was prepared in two polymorph forms crystallizing in the C2/c, (1) and P21/c, (2) space groups.	co(neo)(phcoo)2	23-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-166
29378575-6	2018	DHA, Omegaven  and oxaliplatin were associated with significant downregulation of VEGF and p53 protein, and upregulation of p21 protein.	fish oil triglycerides	5-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
29378575-6	2018	DHA, Omegaven  and oxaliplatin were associated with significant downregulation of VEGF and p53 protein, and upregulation of p21 protein.	Oxaliplatin	19-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
28684297-13	2018	RT-qPCR and Western blot data showed that curcumol enhanced the expression of GSK3beta, P27, p21 and P16, and decreased the levels of PI3K, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), cyclin D1, CDK4, cyclin E and CDK2.	curcumol	42-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
29348392-4	2018	The senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, the protein expression of P16 and P21, and inflammatory-related marker gene levels IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha were increased in bleomycin-treated AFSCs in a dose-dependent manner.	Bleomycin	186-195	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
29348392-5	2018	Rapamycin treatment decreased the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-13, IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and protein levels of P16 and P21 in bleomycin-treated AFSCs.	Sirolimus	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
29348392-5	2018	Rapamycin treatment decreased the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-13, IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and protein levels of P16 and P21 in bleomycin-treated AFSCs.	Bleomycin	132-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
29850051-1	2018	The title compound, C6H4BrNS, crystallizes in the space group P21/n with one complete mol-ecule in the asymmetric unit.	c6h4brns	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
29232132-4	2018	The [PPN]4[1] 2MeCN salt was also structurally characterized, crystallizing in the monoclinic P21/c space group.	[ppn]4[1] 2mecn salt	4-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-111
29850034-2	2018	It crystallizes in the alpha-Na2CuP2O7 structure type in space group P21/n.	alpha-na2cup2o7	23-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
29303497-3	2018	Three stereoisomers of the diamine cocrystallize in the centrosymmetric space group P21/c with Z" = 1.5.	Diamines	27-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
29053388-7	2018	The cells treated with 5-FU or IRINO exhibited several hallmarks of SIPS: growth arrest, increased size and granularity, polyploidization, augmented activity of the SA-beta-galactosidase, accumulation of P21 and CYCLIN D1 proteins, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype.	Fluorouracil	23-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
29399562-5	2018	In addition, mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic genes, p21 and Bax, was decreased and of anti-apoptotic genes, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, was increased with metformin treatment compared to QUIN-induced cells.	Metformin	146-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
28901264-0	2018	Inhibition of Proliferation and Induction of Apoptosis by Thymoquinone via Modulation of TGF Family, p53, p21 and Bcl-2alpha in Leukemic Cells.	thymoquinone	58-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
28901264-14	2018	TQ mediated its anti-proliferative effect and apoptosis induction by an up-regulation of TGFbeta1, p53 and p21 and a down-regulation of TGF-alpha and Bcl-2alpha.	N-(6-methoxy-8-quinolyl)-4-toluenesulfonamide	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
29793319-6	2018	The results indicated that oroxyloside significantly suppressed the proliferation of human glioma cells through inducing cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase through reducing Cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) while enhancing p53 and p21 expressions.	oroxylin A-7-O-glucuronide	27-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
29793319-9	2018	In vivo, oroxyloside administration significantly inhibited the glioma cell xenograft tumorigenesis through various signaling pathways, including suppression of Cyclin D1/CDK2 and ECM pathways, as well as potentiation of p53/p21 and Caspases pathways.	oroxylin A-7-O-glucuronide	9-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	225-228
28745237-9	2018	Further, anethole induced G2/M phase arrest, downregulation of cyclins D1, CDK-4 and c-Myc proteins and upregulation of p21 and p27.	anethole	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
28676953-3	2018	Gallotannin suppressed viability and colony formation, increased subG1 portion and also induced senescence via upregulation of p21, G0/G1 arrest and higher SA-beta-gal activity in HepG2 and SK-Hep1 cells.	Hydrolyzable Tannins	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
29203243-8	2018	Notably, we found that rottlerin upregulated DDX3 expression and subsequently downregulated Cyclin D1 expression and increased p21 level.	rottlerin	23-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
27871087-0	2018	The HDM2 (MDM2) Inhibitor NVP-CGM097 Inhibits Tumor Cell Proliferation and Shows Additive Effects with 5-Fluorouracil on the p53-p21-Rb-E2F1 Cascade in the p53wild type Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Line GOT1.	NVP-CGM097	30-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
27871087-0	2018	The HDM2 (MDM2) Inhibitor NVP-CGM097 Inhibits Tumor Cell Proliferation and Shows Additive Effects with 5-Fluorouracil on the p53-p21-Rb-E2F1 Cascade in the p53wild type Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Line GOT1.	Fluorouracil	103-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
29312515-5	2017	The combination increased the acetylation levels of histone H3 and decreased HDAC activity in MDS cells.A low concentration (25 and 50 nM) of chidamide combined with low-dose cytarabine (50 nM) inhibited cell proliferation and arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phasevia down-regulating CDK2 and up-regulating p21.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	142-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	312-315
27871087-10	2018	NVP-CGM097 and 5-fluorouracil increased p53 and p21 expression in an additive manner.	Fluorouracil	15-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
29953997-7	2018	The suppression of STAT3 activation by CDDO-me in W4P-LHB-NIH3T3 cells was further confirmed by decreased cyclin D1 protein levels and increased p21 and p53 mRNA synthesis.	bardoxolone methyl	39-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
30465624-3	2018	Our results show that N6-isopentenyladenosine induced a significant reduction of cell viability, upregulated p21 and promoted caspase-3 cleavage in a dose dependent manner leading to apoptotic cell death as detected by FACS analysis.	Isopentenyladenosine	22-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
29317830-5	2018	The combination of irradiation and quercetin treatment aggravated DNA damages and caused typical apoptotic cell death; as well the expression of Bax and p21 elevated and the expression of Bcl-2 decreased.	Quercetin	35-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
29383186-3	2017	Our data showed that BPA induces the down regulation of cyclin D1 expression and the upregulation of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27, leading to cell cycle arrest.	bisphenol A	21-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
29312515-5	2017	The combination increased the acetylation levels of histone H3 and decreased HDAC activity in MDS cells.A low concentration (25 and 50 nM) of chidamide combined with low-dose cytarabine (50 nM) inhibited cell proliferation and arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phasevia down-regulating CDK2 and up-regulating p21.	Cytarabine	175-185	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	312-315
28838761-5	2017	A 3-fold higher induction of apoptosis and stronger activation of Bax and p21 was also measured in the P53WT MES-SA cells, compared to the P53mut SK-LMS-1 cells.	mes-sa	109-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
29416744-7	2018	Western blotting showed that PDOX caused much higher expressions of P53, P21, Aparf-1, pro- and cleaved-caspase 3, compared with DOX.	Doxorubicin	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-113
29416632-6	2018	Mechanically, PAC-320 induced cell cycle arrest is associated with an increase of p21 and decrease of cyclin A and cyclin B1, while PAC-320 induced apoptosis is mediated through mitochondria apoptotic pathway and is closely associated with increase of BH3-only proteins Noxa and Hrk.	pac-320	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
29187454-0	2017	P-gp Inhibition by XL019, a JAK2 Inhibitor, Increases Apoptosis of Vincristine-treated Resistant KBV20C Cells with Increased p21 and pH2AX Expression.	Vincristine	67-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
29187454-8	2017	Moreover, G2 phase arrest and apoptosis of cells co-treated with vincristine and XL019 resulted from the up-regulation of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRb), p21, and the DNA-damage protein, phosphorylated H2A histone family, member X (pH2AX).	Vincristine	65-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
29143344-4	2017	5-Aza-dC inhibited E6 and E7 expression and up-regulated p53, p21, and Rb expression.	Decitabine	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
29187454-0	2017	P-gp Inhibition by XL019, a JAK2 Inhibitor, Increases Apoptosis of Vincristine-treated Resistant KBV20C Cells with Increased p21 and pH2AX Expression.	XL019	19-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
29143344-5	2017	Cells transfected with siRNAs targeting p16 and MGMT as well as cells stimulated with 5-Aza-dC were arrested in S phase, and the expression of p53, p21, and Rb was up-regulated more significantly.	Azacitidine	86-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
28540540-10	2017	The qRT-PCR and western blot analysis indicated that the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax and P21 were significantly up-regulated whereas that of Bc1-2 was down-regulated after treatment with BBE for 24 h. Our results revealed a correlation between gene regulation and BBE-induced apoptosis, which might indicate the potential of BBE in cancer therapy.	CHEMBL145735	195-198	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
28540540-10	2017	The qRT-PCR and western blot analysis indicated that the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax and P21 were significantly up-regulated whereas that of Bc1-2 was down-regulated after treatment with BBE for 24 h. Our results revealed a correlation between gene regulation and BBE-induced apoptosis, which might indicate the potential of BBE in cancer therapy.	CHEMBL145735	272-275	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
28540540-10	2017	The qRT-PCR and western blot analysis indicated that the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax and P21 were significantly up-regulated whereas that of Bc1-2 was down-regulated after treatment with BBE for 24 h. Our results revealed a correlation between gene regulation and BBE-induced apoptosis, which might indicate the potential of BBE in cancer therapy.	CHEMBL145735	272-275	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
28804952-6	2017	In GBM 8401 cells, propofol induced G2/M phase cell arrest, which affected the CDK1, cyclin B1, p53, and p21 protein expression levels.	Propofol	19-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
28485543-6	2017	In the present study, we showed that Andro-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest of chondrosarcoma by fine-tuning the expressions of several cell cycle regulators such as p21, p27, and Cyclins, and that prolonged treatment of cells with Andro caused pronounced cell apoptosis.	andrographolide	37-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
29157814-13	2017	The levels of several cell cycle regulator, p21 and apoptosis related protein, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis, was found to be induced and reduced by VAE treatment, respectively.	3-{[(E)-1-Carboxy-2-Phenylethenyl]oxy}-2-Hydroxybenzoic Acid	151-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
29218097-0	2017	Histone deacetylase inhibitor NaBut suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting p21 in multiple myeloma.	nabut	30-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
29024179-1	2017	The reaction of Ca(CO3 ) with H3 BO3 in oleum (20 % SO3 ) yielded colorless single-crystals of CaB2 S4 O16 (monoclinic, P21 /c, a=5.5188(2), b=15.1288(6), c=13.2660(6) A, beta=92.88(1) , V=1106.22(8) A3 ).	Calcium Carbonate	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
29024179-1	2017	The reaction of Ca(CO3 ) with H3 BO3 in oleum (20 % SO3 ) yielded colorless single-crystals of CaB2 S4 O16 (monoclinic, P21 /c, a=5.5188(2), b=15.1288(6), c=13.2660(6) A, beta=92.88(1) , V=1106.22(8) A3 ).	boric acid	30-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
28982980-5	2017	We found that carbofuran increases TGF-beta signaling (i.e. increased phosphorylated SMAD-2/3 and reduced SMAD-7 expression) in the hippocampus, which reduced NSC proliferation because of increased p21 levels and reduced cyclin D1 levels.	Carbofuran	14-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
29169370-12	2017	Activation of PI3K/AKT signalling drives SP"s into an undifferentiated, anti-apoptotic stage through upregulating P21, P27,cFLIP expression.	sp	41-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
29250410-1	2017	The title compound, C10H13NOS, is a second monoclinic polymorph (space group P21/c, Z" = 2) of the previously reported C2/c (Z = 1) polymorph [Tadbuppa &amp; Tiekink (2005  ).	c10h13nos	20-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-82
29177004-14	2017	Conclusions: The active fraction HS7 from n-hexane extract of T. camphoratus exerts multi-targeting activity on the suppression of AKT-mTOR, ERK and STAT3 pathways and induction of p15, p21 and p27 in EGFR wild-type NSCLC cells.	n-hexane	42-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
29200826-6	2017	Results: At 3, 6, 12, and 24 microg/mL exposure, DEN and DEN-HPbetaCD complex significantly affected apoptosis in HT-29 cells through the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and cyclin A in turn, and up-regulation of Bax, p53, p21, cytochrome c at both protein and mRNA levels.	dentatin	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	216-219
29200826-6	2017	Results: At 3, 6, 12, and 24 microg/mL exposure, DEN and DEN-HPbetaCD complex significantly affected apoptosis in HT-29 cells through the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and cyclin A in turn, and up-regulation of Bax, p53, p21, cytochrome c at both protein and mRNA levels.	den-hpbetacd	57-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	216-219
29218097-8	2017	Moreover, NaBut induced MM cell apoptosis via transcriptional activation of p21.	nabut	10-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
29200992-10	2017	On the other hand, O-TFDG induced HCT116 cells apoptosis mainly by increasing the expression of p53, p21, and cleaved caspase-3.	o-tfdg	19-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
28970011-10	2017	Crocetin induced G1 arrest, reduced PCNA protein expression and increased the p21 and p53 accumulation in ARPE-19 cells.	crocetin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
29043340-2	2017	The copper-containing MOF crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system within the space group P21/n (no.	Copper	4-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-100
28911263-9	2017	In the presence of RA, we observed a decrease of OCT4 expression, associated with a loss of clonogenic and proliferation capacities, cell cycle arrest, and upregulation of p21, in HL60, NB4, KASUMI, and Me-1 cell lines.	Tretinoin	19-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
29061795-7	2017	RESULTS: Compared to berberine or evodiamine treatments alone, the combination treatment of berberine (25 muM) and evodiamine (15 muM) synergistically inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a time-dependent manner and resulted in the G0/G1 phase accumulation of cells that exhibited increased expression levels of the CDK inhibitors p21 and p27 with a concomitant reduction in the expression levels of cell-cycle checkpoint proteins cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK4, and CDK6.	Berberine	92-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	340-343
28913568-8	2017	Increased p21 via the p53-independent pathway in PL-treated CCA cells led to G2/M phase arrest and cell apoptosis.	piperlonguminine	49-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
28938245-0	2017	Gallic acid induces G1 phase arrest and apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/p21/p27 axis.	Gallic Acid	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
29061795-7	2017	RESULTS: Compared to berberine or evodiamine treatments alone, the combination treatment of berberine (25 muM) and evodiamine (15 muM) synergistically inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a time-dependent manner and resulted in the G0/G1 phase accumulation of cells that exhibited increased expression levels of the CDK inhibitors p21 and p27 with a concomitant reduction in the expression levels of cell-cycle checkpoint proteins cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK4, and CDK6.	evodiamine	115-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	340-343
28960945-9	2017	These results suggest that afuresertib-induced p21 expression promotes G1 phase arrest by inducing FOXO activity.	afuresertib	27-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
28946186-4	2017	Mechanistic study revealed that Cryptotanshinone suppressed the expression of p-STAT3, Bcl-2, CDK2, Snail and MMP2, and induced the expression of E-cadherin, P53, P21 and beta-catenin.	cryptotanshinone	32-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
28801242-8	2017	H2O2 contributed to T/B-mediated ERK1/2 activation that mediated p53 phosphorylation at serine 15 (Ser15) and increased p21 expression.	Hydrogen Peroxide	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
28938245-8	2017	Collectively, our findings indicate that GA inhibits the cell viability of TNBC cells, which may attribute to the G1 phase arrest and cellular apoptosis via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/p21/p27 axis.	Gallic Acid	41-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-197
28994324-4	2017	Hyaluronic acid (HA) was introduced to shield the PEI/dsRNA-p21 binary complexes (BC-dsRNA-p21) for reducing the cytotoxicity of PEI and for increasing the tumor-targeted intracellular uptake by cancer cells through HA-CD44 mediated endocytosis.	Hyaluronic Acid	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
28994324-4	2017	Hyaluronic acid (HA) was introduced to shield the PEI/dsRNA-p21 binary complexes (BC-dsRNA-p21) for reducing the cytotoxicity of PEI and for increasing the tumor-targeted intracellular uptake by cancer cells through HA-CD44 mediated endocytosis.	Hyaluronic Acid	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
28994324-4	2017	Hyaluronic acid (HA) was introduced to shield the PEI/dsRNA-p21 binary complexes (BC-dsRNA-p21) for reducing the cytotoxicity of PEI and for increasing the tumor-targeted intracellular uptake by cancer cells through HA-CD44 mediated endocytosis.	Hyaluronic Acid	17-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
28994324-4	2017	Hyaluronic acid (HA) was introduced to shield the PEI/dsRNA-p21 binary complexes (BC-dsRNA-p21) for reducing the cytotoxicity of PEI and for increasing the tumor-targeted intracellular uptake by cancer cells through HA-CD44 mediated endocytosis.	Hyaluronic Acid	17-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
28901484-6	2017	These DOX-resistant cells also showed increases in p21, Bcl-2 and MDR-1 expression.	Doxorubicin	6-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
28982057-5	2017	BIX-01294 upregulates cell cycle inhibitor P21 expression and induces cell cycle arrest in the phase G0/G1.	BIX 01294	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
28892096-8	2017	Cholangioids exposed to hydrogen peroxide exhibited cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP; increased IL-6, p21, SA-beta-Gal, yH2A.x and p16 expression).	Hydrogen Peroxide	24-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
29113274-10	2017	Additionally, simvastatin in combination with doxorubicin significantly induced expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, increased cytochrome c and caspase 3 expression and reduced cyclin D1 expression.	Simvastatin	14-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
29113274-10	2017	Additionally, simvastatin in combination with doxorubicin significantly induced expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, increased cytochrome c and caspase 3 expression and reduced cyclin D1 expression.	Doxorubicin	46-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
29416718-8	2018	A specific p300 HAT inhibitor C646 impaired ING5-increased acetylation of H3K18 and p53K382, and subsequent expression of p21 and Bax.	C646	30-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
29094813-9	2017	P21 was up-regulated and cyclin D1 was down-regulated at both mRNA and protein levels under sodium valproate (2.0 mmol/L, 48h)(P&lt;0.05), although cyclin E and cyclin A remained changed.	Valproic Acid	92-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
29093644-0	2017	Synergistic anticancer effect of combined crocetin and cisplatin on KYSE-150 cells via p53/p21 pathway.	crocetin	42-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
29093644-0	2017	Synergistic anticancer effect of combined crocetin and cisplatin on KYSE-150 cells via p53/p21 pathway.	Cisplatin	55-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
29093644-14	2017	The wild-type p53 inhibitor, PFT-alpha suppressed the overexpression of p53/p21 and the synergistic effect induced by the combination of crocetin and cisplatin.	crocetin	137-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
29093644-15	2017	Conclusions: We concluded that crocetin combined with cisplatin exerts a synergistic anticancer effect by up-regulating the p53/p21 pathway.	crocetin	31-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
29093644-15	2017	Conclusions: We concluded that crocetin combined with cisplatin exerts a synergistic anticancer effect by up-regulating the p53/p21 pathway.	Cisplatin	54-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
29051574-7	2017	Furthermore, FLO also induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via increase of p21 levels through activating ROS/p53/p21 pathway.	florfenicol	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
29051574-7	2017	Furthermore, FLO also induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via increase of p21 levels through activating ROS/p53/p21 pathway.	florfenicol	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
29051574-7	2017	Furthermore, FLO also induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via increase of p21 levels through activating ROS/p53/p21 pathway.	Reactive Oxygen Species	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
29051574-7	2017	Furthermore, FLO also induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via increase of p21 levels through activating ROS/p53/p21 pathway.	Reactive Oxygen Species	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
28649131-10	2017	In p53 wild-type A549 cells, PAB (20 mumol/L) caused senescence, and time-dependently increased glucose utilization; knockdown of p53 or p21 significantly decreased the uptake and metabolism of glucose but elevated PAB-induced apoptosis.	pseudolaric acid B	215-218	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
28991260-7	2017	We demonstrate that TIS Cal51 cells treated with 75 nM PTX for 7 days became senescent (senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-Gal) positive, Ki67-negative, increased p21 and p16, G2/M cell cycle arrest) and released significantly more EVs (P=0.0002) and exosomes (P=0.0007) than non-senescent control cells.	Paclitaxel	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
28670762-8	2017	TRIB2 was involved in the induction of a cisplatin-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by influencing p21 and survivin expression.	Cisplatin	41-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
28766629-1	2017	The isomeric compounds, 4-bromo-2-chloro benzoic acid (4Br) and 2-bromo-4-chlorobenzoic acid (2Br), crystallize in entirely different space groups, P21/n and P1[combining macron] respectively.	4-Bromo-2-chlorobenzoic acid	24-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
28766629-1	2017	The isomeric compounds, 4-bromo-2-chloro benzoic acid (4Br) and 2-bromo-4-chlorobenzoic acid (2Br), crystallize in entirely different space groups, P21/n and P1[combining macron] respectively.	4BR	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
28766629-1	2017	The isomeric compounds, 4-bromo-2-chloro benzoic acid (4Br) and 2-bromo-4-chlorobenzoic acid (2Br), crystallize in entirely different space groups, P21/n and P1[combining macron] respectively.	2-Bromo-4-chlorobenzoic acid	64-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
28766629-1	2017	The isomeric compounds, 4-bromo-2-chloro benzoic acid (4Br) and 2-bromo-4-chlorobenzoic acid (2Br), crystallize in entirely different space groups, P21/n and P1[combining macron] respectively.	2-bromophenol	94-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
28649131-2	2017	Our previous study showed that PAB mainly induced senescence via p53-p21 activation rather than apoptosis in suppression of the growth of human lung cancer A549 cells (p53 wild-type).	pseudolaric acid B	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
28649131-10	2017	In p53 wild-type A549 cells, PAB (20 mumol/L) caused senescence, and time-dependently increased glucose utilization; knockdown of p53 or p21 significantly decreased the uptake and metabolism of glucose but elevated PAB-induced apoptosis.	Glucose	194-201	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
28981000-1	2017	Crystals of cis-Re[(PNPCH2-iPr)(CO)2Cl] (1) are made up of two geometrically non-equivalent polytypes with respective symmetries of P21/c and I2/a.	cis-re[(pnpch2-ipr)	12-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-144
28691365-8	2017	Additionally, p21 and Akt separately controlled cell cycle arrest and ROS levels, respectively, during H-Ras-induced senescence in human normal fibroblasts.	Reactive Oxygen Species	70-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
27887857-10	2017	In vitro studies demonstrated that the inhibition of DPP-4 promoted PMA-induced monocytic cells differentiation, with increased CD68 and p21 expression, regulated by extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 activation.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
28300289-3	2017	Dehydrocostus lactone suppresses the expression of cyclin B1, cyclin A, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and increases p21 expression, resulting in S-G2/M phase arrest in K562 cells.	Lactones	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
28757460-0	2017	Critical role of p21 on olaquindox-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and S-phase arrest involves activation of PI3K/AKT and inhibition of Nrf2/HO-1pathway.	olaquindox	24-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
28757460-3	2017	The present study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of p21 on olaquindox-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and S-phase arrest in human hepatoma G2 cells (HepG2).	olaquindox	68-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
28757460-4	2017	As a result, olaquindox promoted production of ROS, suppressed the protein expression p21 in p53-independent way and phosphorylated p21.	olaquindox	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
28757460-4	2017	As a result, olaquindox promoted production of ROS, suppressed the protein expression p21 in p53-independent way and phosphorylated p21.	olaquindox	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
28757460-7	2017	Furthermore, knockdown of p21 decreased cell viability, enhanced oxidative stress, aggravated olaquindox-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and S-phase arrest involvement of activating PI3K/AKT and inhibiting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.	olaquindox	94-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
28757460-9	2017	In conclusion, knockdown of p21 increased olaquindox-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and S-phase arrest through further activating PI3K/AKT and inhibiting Nrf2/HO-1pathway.	olaquindox	42-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
28741869-0	2017	Increased baseline RUNX2, caspase 3 and p21 gene expressions in the peripheral blood of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug-naive rheumatoid arthritis patients are associated with improved clinical response to methotrexate therapy.	Methotrexate	212-224	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
28741869-11	2017	Increased baseline gene expressions of RUNX2, p21 and caspase 3 in the peripheral blood might predict better responses to MTX therapy.	Methotrexate	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
29441880-9	2017	We concluded that, in the absence of a guest, solvent channels are lost during transformation to the monoclinic crystal system and space group P21/c (Form I) so that water cannot enter after desolvation.	Water	166-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-148
28888100-5	2017	In contrast to their wt counterparts, the p53- or p21-deficient cells treated with SCH900776 and cisplatin or LA-12 enter mitosis and become polyploid, and the senescence phenotype is strongly suppressed.	MK-8776	83-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
28888100-5	2017	In contrast to their wt counterparts, the p53- or p21-deficient cells treated with SCH900776 and cisplatin or LA-12 enter mitosis and become polyploid, and the senescence phenotype is strongly suppressed.	Cisplatin	97-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
28888100-5	2017	In contrast to their wt counterparts, the p53- or p21-deficient cells treated with SCH900776 and cisplatin or LA-12 enter mitosis and become polyploid, and the senescence phenotype is strongly suppressed.	UNII-37WM0V5E17	110-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
28849226-7	2017	Cell cycle was arrested at G1 phase and expression of cyclin D1, c-myc, PCNA was reduced while p21 was upregulated during daidzein treatment.	daidzein	122-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
28928376-5	2017	Subsequent administration of Oligo-Fucoidan to etoposide-treated cells promotes p53 accumulation, p21 expression and significant decreases in ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and gamma-H2AX phosphorylation in p53+/+ cells compared with p53-/- cells.	oligo-fucoidan	29-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
28627468-0	2017	A novel chalcone derivative, LQFM064, induces breast cancer cells death via p53, p21, KIT and PDGFRA.	Chalcone	8-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
28906520-3	2017	Both compounds 1 and 2 crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c as two-dimensional coordination polymers (2D-CPs).	Polymers	103-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-70
28993733-0	2017	LncRNA-uc002mbe.2 Interacting with hnRNPA2B1 Mediates AKT Deactivation and p21 Up-Regulation Induced by Trichostatin in Liver Cancer Cells.	trichostatin A	104-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
28993733-5	2017	Knockdown of uc002mbe.2 prohibited TSA-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, p21 induction, and apoptosis of Huh7 cells and reversed the TSA-mediated decrease in p-AKT.	trichostatin A	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
28993733-9	2017	In addition, the ability of TSA to reduce hnRNPA2B1 and p-AKT levels and induce p21 in the xenograft tumors was prevented by uc002mbe.2 knockdown.	trichostatin A	28-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
28993733-10	2017	Therefore, the interaction of uc002mbe.2 and hnRNPA2B1 in mediating AKT deactivation and p21 induction is involved in the cytostatic effect of trichostatin in liver cancer cells.	trichostatin A	143-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
28928376-5	2017	Subsequent administration of Oligo-Fucoidan to etoposide-treated cells promotes p53 accumulation, p21 expression and significant decreases in ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and gamma-H2AX phosphorylation in p53+/+ cells compared with p53-/- cells.	Etoposide	47-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
28894133-8	2017	Rapamycin abrogated 5-MTP-mediated suppression of p16, p21, SA-beta-Gal and IL-6 and rise of BrdU incorporation.	Sirolimus	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
28777576-3	2017	Two molecules in the unit cell of the monoclinic P21 crystal form a net of NH   OS and C*H   OS hydrogen bonds.	Hydrogen	96-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
29250352-1	2017	The title compounds, C16H14O2S2 and C16H14O3S, which are monomeric models (models D and E) for a polythio-noester and a poly(ester-co-thio-noester), respectively, crystallize in the space group P21/c and are isostructural with each other.	Phenylacetyl disulfide	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-199
29250352-1	2017	The title compounds, C16H14O2S2 and C16H14O3S, which are monomeric models (models D and E) for a polythio-noester and a poly(ester-co-thio-noester), respectively, crystallize in the space group P21/c and are isostructural with each other.	SMR000011762	36-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-199
27458249-6	2017	The results of this study suggest that FKB induced cell death through p21-mediated cell cycle arrest and activation of p38.	flavokawain B	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
28872062-1	2017	After reporting the structure of a new polymorph of 1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene (denoted BzF3I3), C6F3I3, (I), which crystallized in the space group P21/c, we perform a comparative analysis with the already reported P21/n polymorph, (II) [Reddy et al.	1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene	52-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-163
28872062-1	2017	After reporting the structure of a new polymorph of 1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene (denoted BzF3I3), C6F3I3, (I), which crystallized in the space group P21/c, we perform a comparative analysis with the already reported P21/n polymorph, (II) [Reddy et al.	1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene	52-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	225-246
28639950-7	2017	We found that AZD1152-HQPA treatment induced defective cell survival, polyploidy, micronuclei formation, cell enlargement, and cell death by significant overexpression of p73, p21 and downregulation of cell cycle-regulatory genes in a drug concentration-dependent manner.	AZD 1152-HQPA	14-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
29024968-9	2017	Quantitative analysis of immunohistochemical staining revealed that human ovarian tissue sections with positive Prussian blue staining had lower levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression, but higher levels of p21, p53, and CDC25C expression than those with negative Prussian blue staining.	prussian	112-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
28700975-6	2017	Detailed study shows that astilbin leads to S phase arrest of the cell cycle by induction of p53 and p21 and activated-AMPK.	astilbin	26-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
28872062-1	2017	After reporting the structure of a new polymorph of 1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene (denoted BzF3I3), C6F3I3, (I), which crystallized in the space group P21/c, we perform a comparative analysis with the already reported P21/n polymorph, (II) [Reddy et al.	bzf3i3	98-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-163
28872062-1	2017	After reporting the structure of a new polymorph of 1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene (denoted BzF3I3), C6F3I3, (I), which crystallized in the space group P21/c, we perform a comparative analysis with the already reported P21/n polymorph, (II) [Reddy et al.	bzf3i3	98-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	225-246
28816773-5	2017	In our study, combined 3-BP and 5-FU treatment upregulated p53 and p21, whereas cyclin-dependent kinase CDK4 and CDK2 were downregulated, which led to G0/G1 phase arrest.	bromopyruvate	23-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
28816773-5	2017	In our study, combined 3-BP and 5-FU treatment upregulated p53 and p21, whereas cyclin-dependent kinase CDK4 and CDK2 were downregulated, which led to G0/G1 phase arrest.	Fluorouracil	32-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
28780382-9	2017	Mechanistically GO and MGO induce senescence by increasing the ROS production, the expression of p21, the accumulation of AGEs and the arrest of HVECs in the G2 cell cycle phase.	Pyruvaldehyde	23-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
28927780-9	2017	The combination of specific inhibitors of ERK1/2, JNK or PI3K/Akt pathway and metformin further promoted cell apoptosis and the up-regulation of p21, Bax, Bad, cleaved caspase-3 and -9 as well as the down-regulation of Bcl-2 mediated by metformin alone, but inhibition of p38 pathway exhibited the opposite results.	Metformin	78-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
28818808-6	2017	Levels of cell cycle-DNA repair regulator p21, CHK1 and FANCD2 levels were markedly affected by givinostat treatment.	givinostat	96-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
28797070-4	2017	We find that methyl pyruvate protects irinotecan-treated normal lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5) probably by turning off the p53/p21 axis of the apoptotic pathways.	methyl pyruvate	13-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
27644130-8	2017	The transcriptional activation of p21 was shown to be dependent on p53, as it can be blocked by PFT-alpha, and correlated with the increased phosphorylation of p53 at Serine 15.	Serine	167-173	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
27644130-9	2017	Our results suggest that in FAD lymphocytes, the p53-mediated increase in p21 transcription, together with a shift in the nucleocytoplasmic localization of p21, confers a survival advantage against 2dRib-induced apoptosis.	2drib	198-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
27644130-9	2017	Our results suggest that in FAD lymphocytes, the p53-mediated increase in p21 transcription, together with a shift in the nucleocytoplasmic localization of p21, confers a survival advantage against 2dRib-induced apoptosis.	2drib	198-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
28675489-8	2017	Moreover, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated significant (p &lt; 0.01) overexpression of p21, but not GATA6, in auraptene pretreated cells after radiotherapy, and also significant (p &lt; 0.01) down regulation of CD44 and ALDH1 by auraptene.	aurapten	154-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
28675489-8	2017	Moreover, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated significant (p &lt; 0.01) overexpression of p21, but not GATA6, in auraptene pretreated cells after radiotherapy, and also significant (p &lt; 0.01) down regulation of CD44 and ALDH1 by auraptene.	aurapten	273-282	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
28711224-7	2017	RESULTS: In vitro pTyr pre-treatment showed no radioprotection on Y79 cells, but led to p53 stabilisation in unirradiated Y79 cells and to a facilitation of radiation-induced p21 up-regulation, confirming a modulation of p53 activity by pTyr.	Phosphotyrosine	18-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
28851980-7	2017	Surprisingly, these effects did not involve changes in p21 expression, indicating that other hypoxia-activated factors may induce p21 in CPCs.	cpcs	137-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
28837147-12	2017	In keeping, p21 mRNA, that is induced by p53 and inhibited by ZEB1, is induced by DOXO treatment and is decreased by SDF1 administration.	Doxorubicin	82-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
28777561-2	2017	Increasing the calcium concentration to form YSr0.5Ca1.5Mn2O7 leads to a change in the cooperative tilting on the MnO6 units to a novel a-b-c-/b-a-c- arrangement described in space group P21/n11.	Calcium	15-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
28777561-2	2017	Increasing the calcium concentration to form YSr0.5Ca1.5Mn2O7 leads to a change in the cooperative tilting on the MnO6 units to a novel a-b-c-/b-a-c- arrangement described in space group P21/n11.	mno6	114-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
28819136-9	2017	In addition, BPA caused DNA damage through the p53-p21 signaling pathway.	bisphenol A	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
28471807-10	2017	Deguelin induced differentiation by downregulating the Mt-NPM1 protein levels, which was accompanied by a decrease in SIRT1, p21, and HDAC1 and an increase in CEBPbeta and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor protein expression levels.	deguelin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
28737380-2	2017	The structure of TcO2 between 25 and 1000  C has been determined in situ using X-ray powder diffraction methods and is found to remain monoclinic in space group P21/c.	dioxotechnetium	17-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-166
28583901-8	2017	In addition, encapsulating BA-TPQ in the hydrogels amplifies the potency of the drug via down-regulation of MDM2 oncogenic protein and upregulation of p53 (a tumor suppressor) and p21 (cell proliferation suppressor) expression in HepG2 liver cancer cells.	7-(benzylamino)-1,3,4,8-tetrahydropyrrolo(4,3,2-de)quinolin-8(1H)-one	27-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
28823263-5	2017	RESULTS: Phenelzine inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of Jeko-1 cells in a dose-dependent way by increasing the expression of apoptosis related protein BAX, Caspase-3 and p21, while decreasing anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2.	Phenelzine	9-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
28341289-5	2017	Furthermore, high dose LPS (&gt;=10mug/ml) induced cell death involving mitochondrial pathways, death receptors as well as p21-dependent DNA damage response activation mediated by ROS generation and TNF-alpha release.	ros	180-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
28705212-13	2017	Finally, MAC was found to trigger apoptotic death pathway (based on expression levels of cleaved-caspase 3, Bax/Bcl-2 balance, p53 and p21).	mac	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
28702644-3	2017	The noteworthy order-disorder transition of the phosphonium cation and the motions of anions contribute to the phase transition, leading to the space group P21/c at a low temperature phase to C2/c at a high temperature phase.	Phosphoranes	48-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-161
28728544-14	2017	The figure shows that Cladosporol A induced apoptosis through ROS mediated mitochondrial pathway and increased p21 protein expression in MCF-7 cells in vitro.	cladosporol A	22-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
28702525-1	2017	Hafnium oxide (HfO2) can exist in different crystalline structures such as monoclinic at room temperature, tetragonal at 1700  C and cubic at 2600  C. In the present study, nanocrystalline powders of HfO2 synthesized by a Pechini type sol-gel technique show a monoclinic phase, P21/c, at room temperature.	hafnium oxide	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	278-283
28702525-1	2017	Hafnium oxide (HfO2) can exist in different crystalline structures such as monoclinic at room temperature, tetragonal at 1700  C and cubic at 2600  C. In the present study, nanocrystalline powders of HfO2 synthesized by a Pechini type sol-gel technique show a monoclinic phase, P21/c, at room temperature.	hafnium oxide	15-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	278-283
28702525-2	2017	By incorporating Dy into the HfO2 lattice, the intensity of all diffraction peaks corresponding to P21/c decreases and at a concentration of 11 at% of Dy, the monoclinic phase transforms completely to the cubic phase, Fm3[combining macron]m, showing a mixed phase of monoclinic and cubic at intermediate concentrations (5-9 at%) of Dy.	hafnium oxide	29-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-104
28696369-4	2017	It was discovered that DHAP downregulated the expression of oncogenic gene products like Bcl-xl, Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Survivin, Cyclin D1, IAP-1, Cyclin E, COX-2, and MMP-9, and upregulated the expression of Bax and p21 proteins, consistent with the induction of G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in U266 cells.	Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate	23-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
28243656-5	2017	The second charge consisted of the imido carbonate (tBu3SiO)(Me3SiO)C[double bond, length as m-dash]N-SitBu3 (monoclinic, space group P21/n).	tbu3sio	52-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
28243656-5	2017	The second charge consisted of the imido carbonate (tBu3SiO)(Me3SiO)C[double bond, length as m-dash]N-SitBu3 (monoclinic, space group P21/n).	me3sio	61-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
28190316-4	2017	When HaCaT cells were pretreated with 4-O-methylhonokiol, TGF-beta1-induced G1/G0 phase arrest and TGF-beta1-induced p21 expression were decreased.	4-O-methylhonokiol	38-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
28245170-10	2017	CFEZO treatments induced upregulation of p53 and p21 expression and downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase-4 expression, which were accompanied by G2/M phase arrest.	cfezo	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
28598608-5	2017	Furthermore, a high-pressure phase of SrO2 with P21/c symmetries containing two layers of peroxide ions with different orientations is uncovered at pressures higher than 36 GPa.	sro2	38-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
28718371-11	2017	These results demonstrated that the messenger RNA expression levels of p53 and p21 may have a relationship with the changes in telomere length induced by omethoate and provided strong evidence for the mechanism of canceration induced by poison.	dimethoxon	154-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
28251795-4	2017	Quercetin-induced G0 /G1 -phase arrest occurred when expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2/4 were inhibited and the CDK inhibitors, p16 and p21, were induced.	Quercetin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
28672399-10	2017	HCECs cultured without SB203580 showed high positive SA-beta-gal staining, a low nuclear/cytoplasm ratio, and expression of p16 and p21.	SB 203580	23-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
28808400-0	2017	Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest by Flavokawain C on HT-29 Human Colon Adenocarcinoma via Enhancement of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation, Upregulation of p21, p27, and GADD153, and Inactivation of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins.	flavokawain C	48-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
28463795-8	2017	Western blot analysis indicated remarkable concentration dependent alterations in the expression of proliferation and survival proteins CD1, E2F, CE1, p53, p21, BAX, BCL-2, cytochrome C and cleaved PARP in cisatracurium-treated groups as compared with the untreated group.	cisatracurium	206-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
28318508-7	2017	Unlike TBMEHP, TBPH caused early apoptosis after G2/M phase arrest only at 10mug/mL via up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of CDK2 and CDK4.	bis(2-ethylhexyl) 2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate	15-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
28757172-0	2017	Polyphyllin VII increases sensitivity to gefitinib by modulating the elevation of P21 in acquired gefitinib resistant non-small cell lung cancer.	polyphyllin VII	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
28757172-0	2017	Polyphyllin VII increases sensitivity to gefitinib by modulating the elevation of P21 in acquired gefitinib resistant non-small cell lung cancer.	Gefitinib	41-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
28757172-0	2017	Polyphyllin VII increases sensitivity to gefitinib by modulating the elevation of P21 in acquired gefitinib resistant non-small cell lung cancer.	Gefitinib	98-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
28757172-5	2017	In the present study, we aim to examined the sensitizing effect of Polyphyllin VII to gefitinib by modulating P21 signaling pathway in gefitinib acquired resistant NSCLC in vitro and in vivo.	polyphyllin VII	67-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
28757172-5	2017	In the present study, we aim to examined the sensitizing effect of Polyphyllin VII to gefitinib by modulating P21 signaling pathway in gefitinib acquired resistant NSCLC in vitro and in vivo.	Gefitinib	86-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
28757172-5	2017	In the present study, we aim to examined the sensitizing effect of Polyphyllin VII to gefitinib by modulating P21 signaling pathway in gefitinib acquired resistant NSCLC in vitro and in vivo.	Gefitinib	135-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
28757172-8	2017	Polyphyllin VII enhanced the anti-proliferative effects of gefitinib and gefitinib-induced G1 phase arrest by modulation of P21 signaling pathway in acquired gefitinib resistant cells in vitro and in vivo.	polyphyllin VII	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
28757172-8	2017	Polyphyllin VII enhanced the anti-proliferative effects of gefitinib and gefitinib-induced G1 phase arrest by modulation of P21 signaling pathway in acquired gefitinib resistant cells in vitro and in vivo.	Gefitinib	59-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
28757172-8	2017	Polyphyllin VII enhanced the anti-proliferative effects of gefitinib and gefitinib-induced G1 phase arrest by modulation of P21 signaling pathway in acquired gefitinib resistant cells in vitro and in vivo.	Gefitinib	73-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
28757172-8	2017	Polyphyllin VII enhanced the anti-proliferative effects of gefitinib and gefitinib-induced G1 phase arrest by modulation of P21 signaling pathway in acquired gefitinib resistant cells in vitro and in vivo.	Gefitinib	73-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
28757172-9	2017	Polyphyllin VII elevated sensitization of gefitinib acquired resistant NSCLC cells to gefitinib through G1 phase arrest and modulation of P21 signaling pathway.	polyphyllin VII	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
28757172-9	2017	Polyphyllin VII elevated sensitization of gefitinib acquired resistant NSCLC cells to gefitinib through G1 phase arrest and modulation of P21 signaling pathway.	Gefitinib	42-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
28757172-9	2017	Polyphyllin VII elevated sensitization of gefitinib acquired resistant NSCLC cells to gefitinib through G1 phase arrest and modulation of P21 signaling pathway.	Gefitinib	86-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
28808400-12	2017	FKC induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 and G2/M phases via upregulation of p21 and p27 in a p53-independent manner.	flavokawain C	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
28465245-0	2017	1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses gastric cancer cell growth through VDR- and mutant p53-mediated induction of p21.	Calcitriol	0-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
28881801-0	2017	A screen for inducers of bHLH activity identifies pitavastatin as a regulator of p21, Rb phosphorylation and E2F target gene expression in pancreatic cancer.	pitavastatin	50-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
28881801-8	2017	At the molecular level, pitavastatin induced expression of the cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21 in a cholesterol independent manner, blocked repressive phosphorylation of the Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein at CDK targeted sites, and reduced expression of E2F target genes required for progression through the G1/S boundary.	pitavastatin	24-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
28881801-8	2017	At the molecular level, pitavastatin induced expression of the cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21 in a cholesterol independent manner, blocked repressive phosphorylation of the Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein at CDK targeted sites, and reduced expression of E2F target genes required for progression through the G1/S boundary.	Cholesterol	112-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
28661480-5	2017	The reason for this may be an increase in the level of cellular ROS after knockdown of Prdx2, which may subsequently lead to an increase in the expression of phosphorylated p53 (p-p53) and p38-MAPK/p21.	Reactive Oxygen Species	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
28465245-7	2017	Furthermore, 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulated p21 expression and suppressed cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) expression in TMK1 in a VDR-dependent manner.	Calcitriol	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
28465245-9	2017	Besides, mutp53 but not wild type p53 was essential for 1,25(OH)2D3-stimulated upregulation of p21 in gastric cancer cells.	(oh)2d3	60-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
28465245-11	2017	SIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits gastric cancer cell growth through VDR and mutp53 interaction followed by the modulation of p21/CDK2.	Calcitriol	39-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
28594934-10	2017	GW6471 treatment was associated with a marked decrease of CDK4, cyclin D3 and cyclin B1 protein expression, along with an increased expression of p21 in HNPGL cells.	GW 6471	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
28620223-2	2017	The produced crystalline AlCl3.6H2O and Al(NO3)3.9H2O in the first stage of the preparation method were characterized by single-crystal XRD, giving two crystal structures, a trigonal (R-3c) and monoclinic (P21/c) structure, respectively.	Aluminum Chloride	25-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-211
28620223-2	2017	The produced crystalline AlCl3.6H2O and Al(NO3)3.9H2O in the first stage of the preparation method were characterized by single-crystal XRD, giving two crystal structures, a trigonal (R-3c) and monoclinic (P21/c) structure, respectively.	al(no3)3.9h2o	40-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-211
28492321-1	2017	Crystals of a Vanthoffite mineral, Na6Mn(SO4)4, grown from an aqueous solution, belong to a monoclinic system, P21/c, Z = 2, at ambient temperature.	vanthoffite	14-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-123
28492321-1	2017	Crystals of a Vanthoffite mineral, Na6Mn(SO4)4, grown from an aqueous solution, belong to a monoclinic system, P21/c, Z = 2, at ambient temperature.	na6mn	35-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-123
27859531-7	2017	Rolipram (10 muM) and DC-TA-46 (0.5 muM) produced a decrease of cyclin expression, in particular of cyclin A, as well as an increase in p21, p27 and p53, as evaluated by Western blot analysis.	Rolipram	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
28572552-4	2017	Whereas pure CaCuGe2O6 exhibits P21/c symmetry with a strong distortion of the M1 octahedra and two different Ge sites, one of them with an unusual fivefold coordination, the replacement of Cu2+ by Zn2+ induces a chemically driven phase change to the C2/c symmetry.	cacuge2o6	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-37
28213701-5	2017	Triterpenotids (5-10 microM) caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, an increase in p21 levels and SA-beta-galactosidase staining that was accompanied by oxidative stress and DNA damage.	triterpenotids	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
27530507-11	2017	Teneligliptin improves proliferation rates in human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to high glucose, regulating the expression of cell-cycle inhibitors markers (P53, P21 and P27), and reducing proapoptotic genes (BAX and CASP3), while promotes BCL2 expression.	3-(4-(4-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyrrolidin-2-ylcarbonyl)thiazolidine	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
28588670-11	2017	beta-elemene with hyperthermia treatment significantly promoted P21 and Bax mRNA expression (P&lt;0.01) and significantly decreased caspase-9, Bcl-2 and survivin mRNA expression (P&lt;0.01) in A549 cells.	beta-elemene	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
27859531-7	2017	Rolipram (10 muM) and DC-TA-46 (0.5 muM) produced a decrease of cyclin expression, in particular of cyclin A, as well as an increase in p21, p27 and p53, as evaluated by Western blot analysis.	7-benzylamino-6-chloro-2-piperazino-4-pyrrolidinopteridine	22-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
28558682-9	2017	Meanwhile, the expression of several regulators that contribute to G1/S phased transition, such as Cyclin D1, CDK4 and CDK6, were significantly down-regulated with the up-regulation of cell cycle inhibitors, p21 and p53, after treatment with glucosamine.	Glucosamine	242-253	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	208-211
28572741-2	2017	TLBZT effectively induces cell senescence in colorectal carcinoma, accompanied by p21 upregulation.	tlbzt	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
28530706-6	2017	Interestingly, the p21 deceleration was rescued by incubating the cells with 3-AWA in the presence of an ER stress inhibitor, Salubrinal.	3-awa	77-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
28530706-6	2017	Interestingly, the p21 deceleration was rescued by incubating the cells with 3-AWA in the presence of an ER stress inhibitor, Salubrinal.	salubrinal	126-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
28719347-0	2017	Regulatory effects of the novel synthesized Indole-3-carbaldehyde on expression of cell cycle genes: A study on Cyclin D and P21 expression by acute promylocytic leukemia cell line (NB4) This article has been withdrawn.	indole-3-carbaldehyde	44-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
28572741-4	2017	Specific knockdown of p21 expression by small interfering RNA significantly attenuated TLBZT-induced cell senescence in human colorectal carcinoma LS174T cells.	tlbzt	87-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
28572741-8	2017	These data suggested that TLBZT induces cell senescence in LS174T cells through a mechanism involving p21 upregulation via histone H3 and H4 acetylation.	tlbzt	26-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
28572741-3	2017	In this study, we further explored the role of p21 in TLBZT-induced cell senescence, as well as the mechanism by which TLBZT upregulates p21.	tlbzt	119-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
28735518-9	2017	The short OS group exhibits a decrease in Smad 7 expression and also low levels of p21 immunostaining, which represents a common target of the two pathways.	Osmium	10-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
28496336-0	2017	Curcumin exerts its antitumor activity through regulation of miR-7/Skp2/p21 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
28560001-5	2017	Mechanistically, ICA II induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and this cytotoxic effect was dependent on the reduction of Forkhead box O3a(FOXO3a) phosphorylation mediated by Akt and the enrichment of nuclear FOXO3a, which initiated the transcription of p21/p27.	isocyanic acid	17-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	257-260
28522974-11	2017	Up-regulation of p53 and p21 in colorectal carcinoma cells treated with low-dose PTX also contributed to inhibition of tumor cell growth.	Paclitaxel	81-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
28494020-9	2017	5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-ribonucleoside (AICAR), an activator of AMPK, reduced mDP cell proliferation and induced p21 expression.	acadesine	0-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
28494020-9	2017	5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-ribonucleoside (AICAR), an activator of AMPK, reduced mDP cell proliferation and induced p21 expression.	acadesine	47-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
28494020-11	2017	Taken together, our results suggest that Panx3 modulates intracellular ATP levels, resulting in the inhibition of odontoblast proliferation through the AMPK/p21 signaling pathway and promotion of cell differentiation by the BMP/Smad signaling pathway.	Adenosine Triphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
28375611-2	2017	We report that this [(CH3)2NH2]PbI3 compound with 2H-perovskite structure experiences a first-order transition at  250 K from hexagonal symmetry P63/mmc (HT phase) to monoclinic symmetry P21/c (LT phase), which involves two cooperative processes: an off-center shift of the Pb2+ cations and an order-disorder process of the N atoms of the DMA cations.	[(ch3)2nh2]pbi3	20-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-192
28915591-7	2017	Furthermore eugenol for external (1 mg) markedly decreased the protein expressions of HER2 (62.9%), AKT (58.6%), PDK1 (56.4%), p85 (54.3%), Bcl2 (59.3%), NF-kappaB (65.7%), Bad (64.0%), Cyclin D1 (43.0%), while p21, p27 and Bax protein expressions were respectively increased 1.83-, 2.52- and 2.51-fold.	Eugenol	12-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
27633574-8	2017	Carbon ions caused larger increase in the quantity of p53 and p21 compared to therapeutic protons.	Carbon	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
28375611-2	2017	We report that this [(CH3)2NH2]PbI3 compound with 2H-perovskite structure experiences a first-order transition at  250 K from hexagonal symmetry P63/mmc (HT phase) to monoclinic symmetry P21/c (LT phase), which involves two cooperative processes: an off-center shift of the Pb2+ cations and an order-disorder process of the N atoms of the DMA cations.	2h-perovskite	50-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-192
28459194-6	2017	Therapy-induced senescence by 3-deazaneplanocin A was mediated through p53-p21 pathway and triggered by enhanced ataxia-telangiectasia mutated activation related to chromatin changes.	3-deazaneplanocin	30-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
28447756-8	2017	The mRNA expression levels of p53 and p21 in the group treated with 240 mg/l matrine were significantly higher compared with the control group.	matrine	77-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
28447756-10	2017	The protein expression levels of p53 and p21 were significantly higher in the 240 mg/l matrine group compared with the control group.	matrine	87-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
28521485-6	2017	Celecoxib treatment led to G1 arrest via the upregulation of p21 and p27 expression in GBC-SD and NOZ cells, whereas PD184161 did not affect cell cycle distribution.	Celecoxib	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
28140474-13	2017	PL significantly reduced the p53 (-80%), p21 (-84%), and Ki-67 (-48%) positive cells.	pl	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
28004224-10	2017	Moreover, TBBE and TBWE treated MCF-7, HeLa and U87 cells showed upregulation of p53 and p21 proteins.	tbbe	10-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
27982581-6	2017	Etoposide caused rapid accumulation of 53bp1-GFP in DNA damage foci, which was later followed by the concentration dependent nuclear accumulation of p53-GFP and subsequent induction of p21-GFP.	Etoposide	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
28428754-6	2017	In particular, the JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125 restored the induction of P-JNK, P-p53 (Ser15), p21, CyclinD1 and CyclinE by Pu-erh tea extract.	pyrazolanthrone	42-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
28428754-6	2017	In particular, the JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125 restored the induction of P-JNK, P-p53 (Ser15), p21, CyclinD1 and CyclinE by Pu-erh tea extract.	pu-erh	128-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
28216618-5	2017	The signaling pathways involved in DAG-caused cell cycle arrest was further analyzed in LN229 cells, which revealed that DAG dose-dependently activated two parallel signaling cascades, ie, the p53-p21 cascade and the CDC25C-CDK1 cascade.	Dianhydrogalactitol	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
28216618-5	2017	The signaling pathways involved in DAG-caused cell cycle arrest was further analyzed in LN229 cells, which revealed that DAG dose-dependently activated two parallel signaling cascades, ie, the p53-p21 cascade and the CDC25C-CDK1 cascade.	Dianhydrogalactitol	121-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
28427193-3	2017	Importantly, with the lower IC50 and stronger anti-tumor effect than selective inhibitors, SNS-314, the pan-inhibitor of Aurora kinases, which induced YAP (Yes-associated protein) reduction and resulted in P21 accumulation, significantly promoted the polyploidy (&gt; 4N) formation and apoptosis in HCC.	SNS 314	91-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-209
28427193-5	2017	Moreover, silencing YAP also induced P21 accumulation, and knockdown P21, which enhanced YAP accumulation and weakened the SNS-314-induced YAP reduction, impaired SNS-314-induced apoptosis.	SNS 314	123-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
28427193-5	2017	Moreover, silencing YAP also induced P21 accumulation, and knockdown P21, which enhanced YAP accumulation and weakened the SNS-314-induced YAP reduction, impaired SNS-314-induced apoptosis.	SNS 314	163-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
28427193-6	2017	Therefore, P21 enhanced the apoptotic effect of SNS-314 in HCC.	SNS 314	48-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	11-14
28465635-10	2017	In KYSE-70 cells treated with 50 mumol/L berberine for 48 h, the number of cells in G2/M phase (25.94% +- 5.01%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (9.77% +- 1.28%, P &lt; 0.01), and berberine treatment resulted in p21 up-regulation in KYSE-70 cells.	Berberine	41-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
28369097-10	2017	Moderate to high concentrations of alcohol (0.1-0.8% v/v) induced p53 activation, as indicated by increased p53 phosphorylation, reporter gene activity, and p21/Bax gene expression, which led to G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.	Alcohols	35-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
28369097-11	2017	Importantly, compared to MCF-7/Con cells, alcohol-induced DNA damage was significantly enhanced, while alcohol-induced p21/Bax expression and cell cycle arrest were attenuated in MCF-7/sip53 cells.	Alcohols	103-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
28161489-9	2017	Consistent with FOXO1 dephosphorylation/activation, p21 mRNA expression is increased by Bortezomib in a MKP-3-dependent way.	Bortezomib	88-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
28161489-11	2017	It is concluded that in vGPCR cells, Bortezomib decreases ERK1/2 and FOXO1 phosphorylation through MKP-3 accumulation, leading ERK1/2 deactivation and FOXO1 activation respectively and, consequently, to cell proliferation inhibition, p21 induction and VEGF repression.	Bortezomib	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	234-237
28004224-10	2017	Moreover, TBBE and TBWE treated MCF-7, HeLa and U87 cells showed upregulation of p53 and p21 proteins.	tbwe	19-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
27539251-7	2017	Moreover, the protein level of p21 and E-cadherin decreased in response to treatment with fludioxonil, but remained at the control level when co-treated with ICI 182,780.	fludioxonil	90-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
27463516-7	2017	Western blot analysis indicated that PCB77 increased the expression of cyclin E, CDK2, p21, and caspase-9, while PCB40 decreased the expression of these proteins (except CDK2 and p21).	3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl	37-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
28454475-5	2017	Detailed signaling pathway analysis by western blotting demonstrated that the expression levels of p53 and p21 were upregulated, whereas the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 was downregulated following oridonin treatment, which led to cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase.	oridonin	209-217	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
28126652-2	2017	The protein encoded by this gene forms an activated complex with GTP-bound RAS-like (P21), CDC2 and RAC1 proteins which then mediates a variety of cellular processes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
28254430-5	2017	Intriguingly, we found that Idelalisib-induced apoptosis in NB4, as the most sensitive cell line with the lowest expression level of the aforementioned genes, is executed probably via alteration in the transcriptional level of apoptosis-related genes coupled with p21-mediated caspase-3 activation.	idelalisib	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	264-267
27995497-6	2017	Mechanically, salinomycin-induced cell growth inhibition against human glioma was mainly achieved by induction of G1-phase arrest via triggering reactive oxide species (ROS)-mediated DNA damage, as convinced by the activation of histone, p53, p21 and p27.	salinomycin	14-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	243-246
28454438-5	2017	In addition, western blot analyses revealed that valproic acid induced tumor suppressor protein (p)53 and p21 expression, and activated checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) in MCF7 cells and primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts.	Valproic Acid	49-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
28120534-6	2017	Sulforaphane induced G2/M cell-cycle arrest with the induction of p21 in KF112 cells.	sulforaphane	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
28454438-6	2017	Notably, treatment with valproic acid also induced increases in the level of p21 protein levels and CHK2 activity in p53-null colon cancer HCT116 cells.	Valproic Acid	24-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
28341848-8	2017	In addition, we found that Nrf2 knockdown prevented gAcrp-induced p62 expression, and p21 knockdown prevented Nrf2 induction, suggesting the role of p21/Nrf2 axis in gAcrp-induced p62 expression.	gacrp	166-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
28341848-8	2017	In addition, we found that Nrf2 knockdown prevented gAcrp-induced p62 expression, and p21 knockdown prevented Nrf2 induction, suggesting the role of p21/Nrf2 axis in gAcrp-induced p62 expression.	gacrp	166-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
28356713-7	2017	Gene and protein expression studies revealed significant upregulation of cytochrome c, Bax, caspases 7 and 9, and p21 in Artonin E-treated MCF-7 cells, while MAPK and cyclin D were downregulated.	artonin E	121-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
28386336-8	2017	A combination of celecoxib and irradiation treatment induced much more gamma-H2AX foci formation, higher levels of radiation injury-related proteins phosphorylation, G2/M arrest, apoptosis, and p53 and p21 expression, and lower levels of Cyclin B1 in HCT116 cells than those in cells treated with irradiation alone.	Celecoxib	17-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
28386336-11	2017	Celecoxib affects the functions of p53 and inhibits the recovery from the irradiation-induced injury by up-regulating the expression of BCCIP, and subsequently regulates the expressions of genes such as p21 and Cyclin B1 to enhance the radiosensitivity of HCT116 cells in a COX-2 independent manner.	Celecoxib	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	203-206
28098861-8	2017	Triptolide treatment of HepG2 cells caused a significant increase in the expression of p21, Bax and DR5 genes in HepG2 cells.	triptolide	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
28092770-8	2017	RESULTS: Magnolin inhibited the proliferation and viability of the tumor cells by triggering cell cycle arrest via P53/P21 activation and inducing apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.	magnolin	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
28081982-4	2017	RESULTS: The results showed that prolonged HG induced senescence in fibroblasts through activation of p21 and p16 in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner, further delayed the viability and migration in fibroblasts and also depressed fibroblast differentiation through the TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway.	Reactive Oxygen Species	119-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
28081982-4	2017	RESULTS: The results showed that prolonged HG induced senescence in fibroblasts through activation of p21 and p16 in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner, further delayed the viability and migration in fibroblasts and also depressed fibroblast differentiation through the TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway.	Reactive Oxygen Species	144-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
28107195-5	2017	Furthermore, CA-PZ markedly increased the protein expression levels of acetyl-H3, acetyl-H4 and p21 in HT-29 cells and MIA PaCa-2 cells.	cinnamoylphenazine	13-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
28382091-11	2017	RESULTS: FK866 treatment was able to increase p53 levels and acetylation, upregulate BAX and p21 expression, and induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.	N-(4-(1-benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)butyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylamide	9-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
28280414-5	2017	Moreover, quercetin increased FasL mRNA expression and p51, p21 and GADD45 signaling activities.	Quercetin	10-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
28280414-9	2017	Knockdown of Foxo3a and inhibition of JNK activity reduced the signaling activities of p53, p21 and GADD45, triggered by quercetin.	Quercetin	121-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
28184921-8	2017	Moreover, the expression levels of Ki-67, PCAN, MMP-2, MMP-9 and FOXM1 were decreased, and P21 was increased in the TSN-treated SGC-7901 cells (p&lt;0.01).	tanshinone	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
29027433-6	2017	Combined use of JNK inhibitor SP600125 and p38 inhibitor SB203580 could decrease p21 and increase beta-Catenin protein expressions.	pyrazolanthrone	30-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
29027433-6	2017	Combined use of JNK inhibitor SP600125 and p38 inhibitor SB203580 could decrease p21 and increase beta-Catenin protein expressions.	SB 203580	57-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
27677740-4	2017	Reverse-phase protein array, mass-cytometry and Western analyses revealed that BETi treatment attenuated the protein expressions of c-MYC, p-STAT5, Bcl-xL, CDK4/6, PIM1 and IL-7R, whereas it concomitantly induced the levels of HEXIM1, p21 and BIM in the sAML cells.	beti	79-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	235-238
28351316-9	2017	In addition, cyclopentaquinoline derivatives induced expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 inhibitor, p21; however, tetrahydroacridine derivatives had no significant effect on p21.	Cyclopentaquinoline	13-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
28382142-7	2017	Results: Ectopic expression of PRC1 significantly increased the chemoresistance, promoted the tumor growth and abrogated 5-FU-induced G2/M phase arrest via p21/p27-pRBs pathway.	Fluorouracil	121-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
28055975-7	2017	BTZ stabilized p21, CDC2, and cyclin B in RRCL and in primary tumor cells.	Bortezomib	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
28230855-0	2017	Simvastatin-induced cell cycle arrest through inhibition of STAT3/SKP2 axis and activation of AMPK to promote p27 and p21 accumulation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.	Simvastatin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
28230855-5	2017	In this study, we demonstrated simvastatin-induced G0/G1 arrest by inducing p21 and p27 accumulation in HepG2 and Hep3B cells.	Simvastatin	31-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
28230855-6	2017	Simvastatin also promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, which induced p21 upregulation by increasing its transcription.	Simvastatin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
28230855-10	2017	Mevalonate decreased simvastatin-induced AMPK activation and rescued phospho-STAT3 and Skp2 expression in HCC cells, which resulted in the prevention of G0/G1 arrest through inhibition of p21 and p27 accumulation.	Mevalonic Acid	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	188-191
28230855-10	2017	Mevalonate decreased simvastatin-induced AMPK activation and rescued phospho-STAT3 and Skp2 expression in HCC cells, which resulted in the prevention of G0/G1 arrest through inhibition of p21 and p27 accumulation.	Simvastatin	21-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	188-191
28230855-12	2017	Consistently, we found that simvastatin also increased p21 and p27 expression in tumor sections by reducing Skp2 expression and inducing AMPK activation and STAT3 suppression in the same tumor tissues.	Simvastatin	28-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
28230855-13	2017	Taken together, these findings are demonstrative of the existence of a novel pathway in which simvastatin induces G0/G1 arrest by upregulating p21 and p27 by activating AMPK and inhibiting the STAT3-Skp2 axis, respectively.	Simvastatin	94-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
28367100-6	2017	The recruitment of PADI4 and histone H3 arginine modifications to p21 promoter was measured by chromatin immunoprecipitation.	Arginine	40-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
28367100-12	2017	PADI4 suppresses p21 transcription through altering histone H3 arginine modifications on p21 promoter region.	Arginine	63-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
28367100-12	2017	PADI4 suppresses p21 transcription through altering histone H3 arginine modifications on p21 promoter region.	Arginine	63-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
28055975-8	2017	Transient p21 knockdown alleviates BTZ-induced senescence inhibition, G2-M cell cycle blockade, and mitotic catastrophe.	Bortezomib	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
28055975-9	2017	Our data suggest that BTZ can induce apoptosis or mitotic catastrophe and that p21 has a pivotal role in BTZ activity against RRCL.	Bortezomib	105-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
27908660-6	2017	Mechanistic studies showed that triptonide induced senescence followed by apoptosis mainly by suppressing transcription of TERT and oncogenic c-Myc, while concomitantly promoting transcription of senescence-promoting genes p16 and p21 and the pro-apoptotic gene encoding DNA damage-inducible transcript 3.	triptonide	32-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	231-234
28067494-3	2017	These new thiophosphates crystallize in four different structure types, with the space groups Fdd2, P1, P21, and P21/c, respectively.	thiophosphoric acid	10-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
28112302-2	2017	It appears that the structure of beta-CdTeO3 (Pnma, Z = 16, a = 7.45850(3) A, b = 14.52185(6) A, c = 11.04584(5) A) is closely related to that of alpha-CdTeO3 (P21/c, Z = 8, a = 7.790(1) A, b = 11.253(2) A, c = 7.418(1) A, beta = 113.5(1) ) previously reported.	beta-cdteo3	33-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-172
28124696-8	2017	Clonidine crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c as a twinned crystal.	Clonidine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-58
27894814-10	2017	Finally, the apoptotic molecules such as Bax/Bcl2, cleavage caspase 3 and the cell cycle regulation factors including p21, cyclin D1, and CDK6 were changed by Tanshinone IIA.	tanshinone	159-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
28067494-3	2017	These new thiophosphates crystallize in four different structure types, with the space groups Fdd2, P1, P21, and P21/c, respectively.	thiophosphoric acid	10-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-118
28143426-13	2017	Induction of apoptosis by frondoside A was associated with the regulation of several pro-apoptotic factors, like caspase-3, -8, and -9, PARP, Bax, p21, DNA fragmentation, and externalization of phosphatidylserine.	frondoside A	26-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
27307158-0	2017	Hydroquinone-induced FOXP3-ADAM17-Lyn-Akt-p21 signaling axis promotes malignant progression of human leukemia U937 cells.	hydroquinone	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
28157129-3	2017	3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, C19H13FO, (I), crystallizes with Z" = 2 in the space group P-1 and the four molecules in the unit cell adopt an arrangement which resembles that in the space group P21/a.	3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one	0-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	219-222
28157129-3	2017	3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, C19H13FO, (I), crystallizes with Z" = 2 in the space group P-1 and the four molecules in the unit cell adopt an arrangement which resembles that in the space group P21/a.	c19h13fo	55-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	219-222
27939630-3	2017	We also found that endosulfan can damage microfilaments, microtubules, and nuclei; arrest mitosis; remarkably increase the expressions of Dll4, Notch1, Cleaved-Notch1, Jagged1, Notch4, Hes1, and p21; and significantly induce ROS and malondialdehyde production in HUVECs.	Endosulfan	19-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
27939630-4	2017	The presence of DAPT antagonized the above changes of cycle arrest, proliferation inhibition, and expressions of Dll4, Notch1, Cleaved-Notch1, Hes1, and p21 caused by endosulfan; however, NAC could attenuate LDH release; ROS and malondialdehyde production; apoptosis; and the expression levels of Dll4, Notch1, Cleaved-Notch1, Notch4, and Hes1 induced by endosulfan.	dapt	16-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
28101580-12	2017	MeOH fraction arrested HepG2 cells at the G0/G1 phase in a concentration-dependent manner, and resulted in decreased expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2, CDK4, CDK6, p21, and p27.	Methanol	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
28272690-0	2017	Licorice and its active compound glycyrrhizic acid ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through inactivation of p53 by scavenging ROS and overexpression of p21 in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.	Glycyrrhizic Acid	33-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
28272690-0	2017	Licorice and its active compound glycyrrhizic acid ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through inactivation of p53 by scavenging ROS and overexpression of p21 in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.	Cisplatin	63-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
28272690-13	2017	Meanwhile, LE and GA enhanced cisplatin-induced p21 expression, which then led to S-phase arrest in cell cycle and limited cell growth.	Cisplatin	30-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
28272690-14	2017	Presumably, increased p21 expression may contribute to cellular prevention from cisplatin-induced apoptosis, because p21 is the key molecule to cytoprotection during cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.	Cisplatin	80-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
28272690-14	2017	Presumably, increased p21 expression may contribute to cellular prevention from cisplatin-induced apoptosis, because p21 is the key molecule to cytoprotection during cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.	Cisplatin	80-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
28272690-14	2017	Presumably, increased p21 expression may contribute to cellular prevention from cisplatin-induced apoptosis, because p21 is the key molecule to cytoprotection during cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.	Cisplatin	166-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
28272690-14	2017	Presumably, increased p21 expression may contribute to cellular prevention from cisplatin-induced apoptosis, because p21 is the key molecule to cytoprotection during cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.	Cisplatin	166-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
28035361-6	2017	An increase in the total apoptotic cells and G2/M cell cycle arrest with decreased protein expression of CDC25C, CDK1, cyclin B1 and p21 were observed in Hep3B cells treated with flavonoids of C. platymamma.	Flavonoids	179-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
27793694-8	2017	In addition, BI 6727 treatment caused a marked induction of p53 and p21 in vitro as well as in vivo.	BI 6727	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
26755751-4	2017	In the present study, norcantharidin suppressed the proliferation and cloning ability of SK-N-SH cells in a dose-dependent manner, apparently by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential and arresting SK-N-SH cells at the G2/M stage, accompanied by elevated expressions of p21 and decreased expressions of cyclin B1 and cell division control 2.	norcantharidin	22-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	277-280
27592355-3	2017	RESULTS: Cellular viability revealed that high doses of hydroxytyrosol reduced cancer cells viability concomitantly with a reduction of cyclin D1 expression and an up-regulation of cell cycle key modulator p21 levels.	3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol	56-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-209
27842004-2	2017	The compound is synthesized by nitrate route and is found to crystallize in monoclinic P21/n space group.	Nitrates	31-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
28103869-6	2017	In addition, our results suggested that sinularin triggered DNA damage and subsequently induced cell cycle G2/M arrest associated with up-regulation of p-ATM (Ser(1981)), p-Chk2 (Tyr(68)), p-cdc2 (Tyr(15)), and p53 coupled with increased expression of downstream proteins p21 and down-regulation of p-cdc25 (Ser(216)).	sinularin	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	272-275
27238838-7	2017	Furthermore, the elevated ROS levels that accompanied Foxp3 overexpression were paralleled by an increase in p21 expression.	Reactive Oxygen Species	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
28011195-3	2017	In this study, using direct co-culture model with LPS-activated and Dox-induced senescent THP-1 monocytes, we reported for the first time ROS-induced DNA damage, reduced metabolic activity, proliferation inhibition and cell cycle arrest followed by p16-, p21- and p27-mediated DNA damage response pathways activation, premature senescence and apoptosis induction in HeLa cells.	Doxorubicin	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	255-258
28011195-3	2017	In this study, using direct co-culture model with LPS-activated and Dox-induced senescent THP-1 monocytes, we reported for the first time ROS-induced DNA damage, reduced metabolic activity, proliferation inhibition and cell cycle arrest followed by p16-, p21- and p27-mediated DNA damage response pathways activation, premature senescence and apoptosis induction in HeLa cells.	ros	138-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	255-258
27238838-8	2017	Knockdown of p21 in Foxp3-expressing MEFs abrogated the Foxp3-dependent increase in ROS levels, indicating that Foxp3 acts through the induction of p21 and the subsequent ROS elevation to trigger senescence.	Reactive Oxygen Species	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
27238838-8	2017	Knockdown of p21 in Foxp3-expressing MEFs abrogated the Foxp3-dependent increase in ROS levels, indicating that Foxp3 acts through the induction of p21 and the subsequent ROS elevation to trigger senescence.	Reactive Oxygen Species	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
27238838-8	2017	Knockdown of p21 in Foxp3-expressing MEFs abrogated the Foxp3-dependent increase in ROS levels, indicating that Foxp3 acts through the induction of p21 and the subsequent ROS elevation to trigger senescence.	Reactive Oxygen Species	171-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
27911270-3	2017	The treatment with SAHA increased the expression of acetyl-histones 3 and 4, which were recruited to the promoters of p21, p27, Cyclin D1, c-myc and Nanog to down-regulate their transcriptional levels.	Vorinostat	19-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
28068431-0	2017	CIL-102-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells via Upregulation of p21 and GADD45.	1-(4-(furo(2,3-b)quinolin-4-ylamino)phenyl)ethanone	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
27901471-6	2017	Furthermore, the levels of p27 and p21, two key regulators of the cell cycle, were up-regulated by the esculetin-mediated down-regulation of Sp1; the level of a third cell-cycle regulator, survivin, was decreased, resulting in caspase-dependent apoptosis.	esculetin	103-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
27890807-4	2017	Diosmin caused G2/M cell cycle arrest, elevation in p53, p21 and p27 levels and stress-induced premature senescence when used at lower concentrations (5 and 10muM).	Diosmin	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
28068431-8	2017	Collectively, our results demonstrated that CIL-102 induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of colon cancer cells by upregulating p21 and GADD45 expression and by activating JNK1/2, NFkappaB p50 and p300 to provide a new mechanism for CIL-102 treatment.	1-(4-(furo(2,3-b)quinolin-4-ylamino)phenyl)ethanone	44-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
27816443-4	2017	Correspondingly, lucidone promoted the cell-cycle by increasing PCNA/CDK4 and decreasing p21/p27 expressions.	lucidone	17-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
29050481-6	2017	CONCLUSION: MiR-497 can activate P21 expression by inhibiting the expression of MAPK/Erk signaling pathway, thus promoting the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells (Fig.	mir-497	12-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
27913286-6	2017	Coumestrol treatment induced ROS generation coupled to DNA fragmentation, up-regulation of p53/p21, cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and caspases 9/3 activation.	Coumestrol	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
27913286-6	2017	Coumestrol treatment induced ROS generation coupled to DNA fragmentation, up-regulation of p53/p21, cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and caspases 9/3 activation.	ros	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
27853777-4	2016	K3La(BH4)6 crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with unit cell parameters a = 7.938(2), b = 8.352(2), c = 11.571(3) A, beta = 90.19(6)  and space group P21/n with a double-perovskite type structure.	k3la	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
28043143-9	2017	Annexin V-FITC/PI staining showed a significant dose-dependent induction of apoptosis by ALA-PDT in H8 cells, associated with accumulation of the tumor suppressor protein p53 and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.	Alanine	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
28004113-3	2017	Interesting, suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid (SBHA) administration could induce Notch1 intracellular domain levels in a dose-dependent manner, coupled with the increase of p53 and p21.	suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid	13-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
28004113-3	2017	Interesting, suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid (SBHA) administration could induce Notch1 intracellular domain levels in a dose-dependent manner, coupled with the increase of p53 and p21.	suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid	43-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
28045428-7	2017	Although butyrate increased H3 histone deacetylation and p21 tumor suppressor expression in both cell types, p21 protein level was greater with intense expression around the nuclei in HCT116 cells when compared with that in NCM460 cells.	Butyrates	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
28203649-3	2016	We observed increased expression of heme and iron-regulated genes, previously shown to inhibit HIV-1, including ferroportin, IKBalpha, HO-1, p21, and SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1).	Heme	36-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
28203649-3	2016	We observed increased expression of heme and iron-regulated genes, previously shown to inhibit HIV-1, including ferroportin, IKBalpha, HO-1, p21, and SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1).	Iron	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
27853777-4	2016	K3La(BH4)6 crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with unit cell parameters a = 7.938(2), b = 8.352(2), c = 11.571(3) A, beta = 90.19(6)  and space group P21/n with a double-perovskite type structure.	sapropterin	5-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
28003970-0	2016	Effects of resveratrol on ARPE-19 cell proliferation and migration via regulating the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, P21, P27 and p38MAPK/MMP-9.	Resveratrol	11-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
27958228-14	2016	The mRNA and protein expression levels of the p21 and p27 in the K562/A02 cells were also significantly higher in the Wog-MNPs-Fe3O4group compared with those of the wogonin group (all P&lt; 0.001).	fe3o4group	127-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
27912880-11	2016	Combination treatment of BA and HCPT induced BGC823 cells apoptosis mainly via intrinsic rather than extrinsic pathways, and preferentially arresting cell cycle in G1 and G2 phases with the aid of p21.	baicalein	25-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
27912880-11	2016	Combination treatment of BA and HCPT induced BGC823 cells apoptosis mainly via intrinsic rather than extrinsic pathways, and preferentially arresting cell cycle in G1 and G2 phases with the aid of p21.	10-hydroxycamptothecin	32-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
27941214-6	2016	Particularly, loading with BAPTA attenuated phosphorylation of the main DNA damage response members, including ATM, 53BP1 and H2A.X and reduced activation of the p53/p21/Rb pathway in H2O2-stimulated cells.	1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid	27-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
27676608-5	2016	Specifically, (-)-bassianolide induced G0/G1 arrest associated with a decrease of cyclin A, D1 and an increase of p53, MDM2, and p21 expression in MDA-MB 231 cells.	bassianolide	14-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
27771218-5	2016	The crystal structures of N-lauroyl-beta-alanine (NLBA) and N-myristoyl-beta-alanine (NMBA) were solved in monoclinic system in the P21/c space group.	N-lauroyl-beta-alanine	26-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-137
27981533-3	2016	We wished to ascertain if TA induces toxicity by causing oxidative stress and alters expression of P21, growth differentiation factor (GDF)15, and cFos.	Triamcinolone Acetonide	26-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
27354472-9	2016	Ganetespib with radiation also dose-dependently upregulated p21 and downregulated pRb levels that were not apparent with either drug or radiation alone.	STA 9090	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
27824003-12	2016	Moreover, IKKbeta inhibitor SC-514 totally reversed the upregulation of IKKbeta and downregulation of p53 and p21 by LPS in SiHa cells.	SC 514	28-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
28053903-10	2016	Also, immunoblotting analysis indicated that p53 and p21 were detected only in YD-8 and YD-9 cell lines after cisplatin treatment.	Cisplatin	110-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
27818231-20	2016	In addition, 5muM PEITC significantly enhanced p21, caspase-3, 7 and Bax levels and reduced Cyclin B1 expression compared with the control group.	phenethyl isothiocyanate	18-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
27882937-0	2016	EZH2 mediates lidamycin-induced cellular senescence through regulating p21 expression in human colon cancer cells.	C 1027	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
27534652-9	2016	Our data also demonstrated that miR-181a inhibitor arrested cell cycle progression of HeLa and CaSKi cells by up-regulation of p21 and p27 expressions.	mir-181a	32-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
27588384-9	2016	Exposure to p-coumaric acid increased p53 and p21 expression but decreased CDK4 levels in both cell types, which could result in the observed G0/G1 arrest.	p-coumaric acid	12-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
27432063-8	2016	These results indicated that over expression of miR-200c might enhance the sensitivity of A549 cells to methotrexate through the P53/P21 pathway.	Methotrexate	104-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
27934318-2	2016	Cd3(MoO4)(TeO3)2 is a monoclinic crystal system, and it exhibits the polar space group P21 (No.	cd3(moo4)(teo3)2	0-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
27736799-7	2016	TM5441 exerts its inhibitory effect on Doxorubicin-induced cellular senescence by decreasing reactive oxygen species generation, induction of antioxidants like catalase and suppression of stress-induced senescence cadre p53, p21, p16, PAI-1 and IGFBP3.	TM5441	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	225-228
27904675-4	2016	Real-time quantitative PCR showed that HOTAIR, p21 and p53 mRNA expressions in doxorubicin (DOX)-treated or gamma-ray-irradiated Tca8113 cells were up-regulated.	Doxorubicin	79-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
27904675-4	2016	Real-time quantitative PCR showed that HOTAIR, p21 and p53 mRNA expressions in doxorubicin (DOX)-treated or gamma-ray-irradiated Tca8113 cells were up-regulated.	Doxorubicin	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
27980829-1	2016	The structure of the title compound, {(NH4)2[Cu(C2O4)2]} n , at 100 K has monoclinic (P21/c) symmetry with the CuII atom on an inversion center.	{(nh4)2[cu(c2o4)2]} n	37-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-91
27736799-7	2016	TM5441 exerts its inhibitory effect on Doxorubicin-induced cellular senescence by decreasing reactive oxygen species generation, induction of antioxidants like catalase and suppression of stress-induced senescence cadre p53, p21, p16, PAI-1 and IGFBP3.	Doxorubicin	39-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	225-228
27608273-2	2016	Conjugate addition of phenethylamine to an achiral aroyl acrylamide under homogeneous conditions gave the alpha-amino amides in quantitative yields, which crystallized as a conglomerate of a P21 crystal system.	phenethylamine	22-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
27608273-2	2016	Conjugate addition of phenethylamine to an achiral aroyl acrylamide under homogeneous conditions gave the alpha-amino amides in quantitative yields, which crystallized as a conglomerate of a P21 crystal system.	aroyl acrylamide	51-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
27608273-2	2016	Conjugate addition of phenethylamine to an achiral aroyl acrylamide under homogeneous conditions gave the alpha-amino amides in quantitative yields, which crystallized as a conglomerate of a P21 crystal system.	alpha-amino amides	106-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
27726305-6	2016	Solanine regulates the protein levels of cell cycle proteins, including Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and P21 in vivo and in vitro.	Solanine	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
27824155-5	2016	Cucurbitacin D treatment of cervical cancer cells arrested the cell cycle in G1/S phase, inhibited constitutive expression of E6, Cyclin D1, CDK4, pRb, and Rb and induced the protein levels of p21 and p27.	cucurbitacin D	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
27593857-9	2016	The results of flow cytometric assays suggested that knockdown of PKM2 or docetaxel treatment, whether used singly or in combination, blocked the cells in the G2/M phase, which is in consistent with the effect of the two on the expression of p21.	Docetaxel	74-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
27687545-4	2016	Compared with PC3, PC3-PR exhibited some unique phenotypes that might be associated with PTX resistance, including decreased expression of acetylated alpha-tubulin and the cell cycle regulator p21, and increased expression of betaIII tubulin, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2.	Paclitaxel	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
27687545-8	2016	The pan-HDAC inhibitors trichostatin A and suberanilohydroxamic acid and the HDAC6-specific inhibitor tubacin inhibited PC3-PR proliferation and increased expression of p21 and acetylated alpha-tubulin in a manner similar to CTX.	trichostatin A	24-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
27687545-8	2016	The pan-HDAC inhibitors trichostatin A and suberanilohydroxamic acid and the HDAC6-specific inhibitor tubacin inhibited PC3-PR proliferation and increased expression of p21 and acetylated alpha-tubulin in a manner similar to CTX.	tubacin	102-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
27826196-5	2016	An immunofluorescence assay and a Western blotting assay showed that AC-MFB delayed the abrogation of gamma-H2AX, upregulated p21 expression, and attenuated the radiation-induced phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated kinase and checkpoint kinase 2.	ac-mfb	69-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
30108691-6	2017	At the molecular level, the pharmacological effect of DLC-carboranes is exerted through activation of the p53/p21 axis.	carboranes	58-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
27732642-4	2016	The reduced production of H2S falls within the same time-frame that the hallmarks of replicative senescence appear including accumulation of SA-beta-Gal, enhanced expression of p16, p21, and RRM2B while the expression of RRM2, hTERT, SIRT1, NAMPT, and NAD/NADH ratio all fall.	Hydrogen Sulfide	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
27840723-5	2016	The title salt is a second monoclinic polymorph of the l-dopa HCl structure reported earlier in the monoclinic space group P21 [Jandacek &amp; Earle (1971  ).	Salts	10-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
27840723-5	2016	The title salt is a second monoclinic polymorph of the l-dopa HCl structure reported earlier in the monoclinic space group P21 [Jandacek &amp; Earle (1971  ).	l-dopa hcl	55-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
29871161-9	2016	After interference by 5-azacytidine, p21 gene is activated.	Azacitidine	22-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
29871161-12	2016	After 5-azacytidine intervention, the degree of methylation was obviously decreased and even showed unmethylation.Conclusion:There was p21 gene promoter CpG island hypermethylation in laryngeal cancer and laryngeal cancer cell line Hep-2, which was a molecular event distinguished laryngeal cancer from normal laryngeal tissue.	Azacitidine	6-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
29871161-14	2016	Demethylation of drug 5-azacytidine can induce p21 gene promoter CpG island demethylation modification, change the regulation of tumor cell cycle genes in cells and promote tumor cell apoptosis.	Azacitidine	22-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
27280688-5	2016	At the molecular and cellular level, curcumin can blunt epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and affect many targets that are involved in melanoma initiation and progression (e.g., BCl2, MAPKS, p21 and some microRNAs).	Curcumin	37-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-197
27568863-4	2016	In order to better understand the multiple interconnected pathways of gentamicin-induced apoptosis and ensuing renal cell toxicity, we investigated the effect of gentamicin on p53 and p21 levels.	Gentamicins	162-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
27543423-9	2016	The effect of 5-Aza and TSA on DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase activity, respectively, was confirmed by assessing the methylation and acetylation of the CDK inhibitor p21.	Decitabine	14-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
27543423-9	2016	The effect of 5-Aza and TSA on DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase activity, respectively, was confirmed by assessing the methylation and acetylation of the CDK inhibitor p21.	trichostatin A	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
27712032-3	2016	Electrochemical performance depends on impurities such as MnO as well as crystallite size, surface area, and non-stoichiometric phases, which lead to the formation of additional polymorphs such as Pmnb and P21 /n of Li2 MnSiO4 at low calcination temperatures.	li2 mnsio4	216-226	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-209
27777210-8	2016	Both RITA and TMZ, especially the latter, significantly increased the expressions of p53, p21, puma, and other apoptosis-associated genes to accelerate apoptosis and inhibit the growth and colony formation of U87 cells, and the effect was more obvious with a combined treatment.	RITA	5-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
27777210-8	2016	Both RITA and TMZ, especially the latter, significantly increased the expressions of p53, p21, puma, and other apoptosis-associated genes to accelerate apoptosis and inhibit the growth and colony formation of U87 cells, and the effect was more obvious with a combined treatment.	Temozolomide	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
27477352-9	2016	In addition, radotinib induced G0/G1 phase arrest by inducing CDKIs p21 and p27 and by inhibiting CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6.	4-methyl-N-(3-(4-methylimidazol-1-yl)-5-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-(4-pyrazin-2-ylpyrimidin-2-ylamino)benzamide	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
27477352-11	2016	Moreover, these results indicate that radotinib inhibits AML cell proliferation by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and CDKIs p21 and p27.	4-methyl-N-(3-(4-methylimidazol-1-yl)-5-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-(4-pyrazin-2-ylpyrimidin-2-ylamino)benzamide	38-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
27556514-8	2016	The anti-apoptotic activity of Y-27632 correlated with a reduction in p53 serine 15 phosphorylation and the consequent reduction in the expression of downstream target genes p21 and DAPK1, two genes involved in the induction of cell death.	Y 27632	31-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
27529569-0	2016	Hypertonic Saline Primes Activation of the p53-p21 Signaling Axis in Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells That Prevents Inflammation Induced by Pro-inflammatory Cytokines.	Sodium Chloride	11-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
27760664-10	2016	The expression of p53, Bax, Mdm2 and p21 was up-regulated by doxorubicin and further increased in response to combination.	Doxorubicin	61-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
27427852-7	2016	Moreover, induced p21, subsequent G1 cell cycle arrest and transcriptional suppression of survivin-mediated c-Myc and hTERT expression may contribute in the enhanced growth suppressive effect of ATO-plus-melatonin.	Melatonin	204-213	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
27716272-0	2016	The histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin a decreases lymphangiogenesis by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via p21-dependent pathways.	trichostatin A	34-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
27498709-6	2016	The H2O2-exposed hMSCs showed cellular senescence with significantly increased protein levels of acetyl-p53 and p21 in comparison with the untreated hMSCs, and these effects were prevented by pre-treatment with EGCG.	Hydrogen Peroxide	4-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
27498709-6	2016	The H2O2-exposed hMSCs showed cellular senescence with significantly increased protein levels of acetyl-p53 and p21 in comparison with the untreated hMSCs, and these effects were prevented by pre-treatment with EGCG.	epigallocatechin gallate	211-215	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
27498709-7	2016	By contrast, in Nrf2-knockdown hMSCs, EGCG lost its antioxidant effect, exhibiting high levels of acetyl-p53 and p21 following EGCG pre-treatment and H2O2 exposure.	epigallocatechin gallate	38-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
27498709-8	2016	This indicates that Nrf2 and p53/p21 may be involved in the anti-senescent effect of EGCG in hMSCs.	epigallocatechin gallate	85-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
26885564-4	2016	Butyrate induced apoptosis of lymphoma tumor cells and significantly up-regulated histone 3 acetylation (H3ac) level and target genes such as Fas, P21, P27.	Butyrates	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
27509880-0	2016	Combination of the histone deacetylase inhibitor depsipeptide and 5-fluorouracil upregulates major histocompatibility complex class II and p21 genes and activates caspase-3/7 in human colon cancer HCT-116 cells.	Depsipeptides	49-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
27165055-8	2016	Keratinocytes treated with erlotinib in vitro showed a significant down-modulation of hyaluronan synthases (HAS2 and HAS3), whereas senescence-associated genes (p21, p53, IL-6, maspin) were upregulated, along with a G1 cell cycle arrest and stronger SA beta-Gal activity.	Erlotinib Hydrochloride	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
27468725-0	2016	Dimethylfumarate inhibits melanoma cell proliferation via p21 and p53 induction and bcl-2 and cyclin B1 downregulation.	Dimethyl Fumarate	0-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
27468725-11	2016	Interestingly, DMF induced p53 and p21 yet inhibited cyclin B1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner.	Dimethyl Fumarate	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
27427852-7	2016	Moreover, induced p21, subsequent G1 cell cycle arrest and transcriptional suppression of survivin-mediated c-Myc and hTERT expression may contribute in the enhanced growth suppressive effect of ATO-plus-melatonin.	ato-plus	195-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
27541047-3	2016	In vitro, at low concentration (&lt;250nM) of Chidamide inhibited cell proliferation and delayed G0/G1 cell cycle progression by down-regulating CDK2 and regulating p-P53 and P21 protein expression.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	46-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
27673450-8	2016	When ASPL-TFE3 was expressed in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a tetracycline-inducible manner, we observed the up-regulation of p21 expression and the induction of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity.	Tetracycline	86-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
27509880-0	2016	Combination of the histone deacetylase inhibitor depsipeptide and 5-fluorouracil upregulates major histocompatibility complex class II and p21 genes and activates caspase-3/7 in human colon cancer HCT-116 cells.	Fluorouracil	66-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
27716272-12	2016	Furthermore, siRNA assays were performed to analyse the role of p21 and p53 on TSA-mediated anti-lymphangiogenic effects.	trichostatin A	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
27716272-15	2016	Additionally, we observed that p21 protein accumulated in cellular nuclei after treatment with TSA.	trichostatin A	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
27716272-20	2016	Interestingly, siRNA-mediated p21 depletion almost completely reversed the anti-proliferative effects of TSA in LEC.	trichostatin A	105-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
27564099-9	2016	Moreover, pretreatment with U0126 suppressed curcumin and cisplatin-induced upregulation of p53, p21, and p-STAT3 and downregulation of survival proteins in both cells.	U 0126	28-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
27564099-9	2016	Moreover, pretreatment with U0126 suppressed curcumin and cisplatin-induced upregulation of p53, p21, and p-STAT3 and downregulation of survival proteins in both cells.	Curcumin	45-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
27564099-7	2016	In addition, when 253J-Bv cells were co-treated with curcumin and cisplatin, p53 and p21 expression levels were markedly increased when compared to controls.	Curcumin	53-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
27564099-7	2016	In addition, when 253J-Bv cells were co-treated with curcumin and cisplatin, p53 and p21 expression levels were markedly increased when compared to controls.	Cisplatin	66-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
27564099-9	2016	Moreover, pretreatment with U0126 suppressed curcumin and cisplatin-induced upregulation of p53, p21, and p-STAT3 and downregulation of survival proteins in both cells.	Cisplatin	58-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
27357535-6	2016	Specific inhibitors of p38 (SB203580), ERK (PD98059), and JNK (SP600125) inhibited MK1-EPS-induced HUVEC proliferation, tube formation, and cell migration, and partially attenuated MKI-EPS-induced expression of p21 and ICAM1, and STAT3 phosphorylation.	eps	87-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
27725901-7	2016	The molecular basis of curcumin-mediated cell growth inhibition we identified is that curcumin significantly suppressed Skp2 expression and subsequently induced p21 expression.	Curcumin	23-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
27725901-7	2016	The molecular basis of curcumin-mediated cell growth inhibition we identified is that curcumin significantly suppressed Skp2 expression and subsequently induced p21 expression.	Curcumin	86-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
27093475-7	2016	Moreover, CS extract induced cellular senescence in cultured human airway epithelial cells, represented by induced senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, inhibited cell proliferation, increased p21 expression, and increased release of high-mobility group box 1 and IL-6.	Cesium	10-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-209
27673332-12	2016	CDDP increased the expression of p53 and p21 indicating cell cycle arrest.	Cisplatin	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
27500422-1	2016	A mononuclear cobalt(II) complex [Co(3,5-dnb)2(py)2(H2O)2] {3,5-Hdnb = 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid; py = pyridine} was isolated in two polymorphs, in space groups C2/c (1) and P21/c (2).	Cobalt(2+)	14-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-177
27500422-1	2016	A mononuclear cobalt(II) complex [Co(3,5-dnb)2(py)2(H2O)2] {3,5-Hdnb = 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid; py = pyridine} was isolated in two polymorphs, in space groups C2/c (1) and P21/c (2).	co(3,5-dnb)2(py)2(h2o)2]	34-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-177
27432642-6	2016	The present study also demonstrated that combinational treatment is more effective in inducing G1 phase arrest and activating apoptosis compared tamoxifen alone, which may be due to upregulation of P21 expression and downregulation of the B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2 associated X protein ratio.	Tamoxifen	145-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
27403577-8	2016	Results revealed that doxorubicin induced senescence and increased p21 expression in MCF-7 cells.	Doxorubicin	22-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
27403577-10	2016	Moreover, p21 expression was decreased in combination studies compared to doxorubicin group.	Doxorubicin	74-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
27747012-8	2016	CONCLUSIONS: The main finding of this study is that cytoplasmic p21 expression negatively influences the outcome of malignant TETs and correlates with metastatic activity.	tetramethylenedisulfotetramine	126-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
27403577-12	2016	Our findings demonstrate that low-dose doxorubicin induced senescence via the activation of ATM, -chk2, and -p21 pathways, while inhibition of ATM and chk2 cannot consider as a new target for sensitization of MCF-7 cells to doxorubicin.	Doxorubicin	39-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
27432244-5	2016	Curcumin induced G1 phase arrest through downregulating the expression of cyclin D3 and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2/6 and upregulating the expression of CDK inhibitor proteins p21 and p27.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
27078502-5	2016	Costunolide induced apoptosis of Eca-109 cells as well as cell cycle arrest in G1/S phase by upregulation of P53 and P21.	costunolide	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
27640744-5	2016	In ZR-75-1 cells, cytochalasin B triggered G2/M phase arrest through the modulation of CDK1, cyclin B1, p53, p27 and p21 expressions.	Cytochalasin B	18-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
27474499-6	2016	We also detected the expression and activities of cell-cycle positive regulators (cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6) and negative regulators (p21 and p27) in human PASMCs by western blots and co-immuoprecipitation (IP).	pasmcs	171-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
27470351-0	2016	Histone deacetylase inhibitor, Romidepsin (FK228) inhibits endometrial cancer cell growth through augmentation of p53-p21 pathway.	romidepsin	43-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
27447743-3	2016	SAHA induced the overexpression of acetyl histone 3 and 4, which were recruited to p21, p27, Cyclin D1, c-myc and nanog promoters to transcriptionally up-regulate the former two and down-regulate the latter three.	acetyl histone	35-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
27470351-9	2016	Moreover, FK228 treatment significantly increased the mRNA and protein expressions of p53, p21, cleaved caspases such as 3, 7 and 8 and PARP.	romidepsin	10-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
27470351-11	2016	CONCLUSION: In conclusion, FK228 inhibits EC tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by activation caspase/PARP via the induction of p53/p21 signaling cascades, suggesting that FK228 is a potential therapeutic agent for EC.	romidepsin	27-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
27470351-11	2016	CONCLUSION: In conclusion, FK228 inhibits EC tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by activation caspase/PARP via the induction of p53/p21 signaling cascades, suggesting that FK228 is a potential therapeutic agent for EC.	romidepsin	184-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
27333051-10	2016	These findings demonstrate that the CRL4-CDT2-SET8/p21 degradation axis is the primary target of inhibition by pevonedistat in melanoma and suggest that a broad patient population may benefit from pevonedistat therapy.	pevonedistat	197-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
27094504-9	2016	Also, treatment with honokiol and rosiglitazone induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase; increased p21; and decreased cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and Rb expression in SK-Hep1 hepatoma cells.	honokiol	21-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
27333051-10	2016	These findings demonstrate that the CRL4-CDT2-SET8/p21 degradation axis is the primary target of inhibition by pevonedistat in melanoma and suggest that a broad patient population may benefit from pevonedistat therapy.	pevonedistat	111-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
27233942-5	2016	Stronger intracellular TrxR inhibition and higher accumulation of ROS (O2( -) and H2O2) are responsible for more effective S-phase arrest and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic induction of A549 cells by PL-CL than PLvia p53-p21-cyclinA/CDK2 and ASK1-JNK/p38 signaling cascade pathways, respectively.	Reactive Oxygen Species	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	222-225
27233942-5	2016	Stronger intracellular TrxR inhibition and higher accumulation of ROS (O2( -) and H2O2) are responsible for more effective S-phase arrest and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic induction of A549 cells by PL-CL than PLvia p53-p21-cyclinA/CDK2 and ASK1-JNK/p38 signaling cascade pathways, respectively.	pl-cl	201-206	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	222-225
27062045-5	2016	Here, we found that the melatonin treatment markedly inhibited the senescent characteristics of CPCs after exposed to sublethal concentration of H2 O2 , including the increase in senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal)-positive CPCs, senescence-associated heterochromatin loci (SAHF), secretory IL-6 level, and the upregulation of p53 and p21 proteins.	Melatonin	24-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	354-357
27295412-3	2016	The structure of 5-nitro-(2-phenyl amino) benzoic acid (4) was confirmed by X-ray crystallography and was found to crystallize in P21/c space group.	5-nitro-(2-phenyl amino) benzoic acid	17-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-135
27094504-9	2016	Also, treatment with honokiol and rosiglitazone induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase; increased p21; and decreased cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and Rb expression in SK-Hep1 hepatoma cells.	Rosiglitazone	34-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
27094504-10	2016	CONCLUSION: Honokiol combined with rosiglitazone showed more effective growth inhibition in hepatoma cells mediated through the regulation of G0/G1 phase-related proteins p21, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and Rb and cell cycle progression.	honokiol	12-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
27094504-10	2016	CONCLUSION: Honokiol combined with rosiglitazone showed more effective growth inhibition in hepatoma cells mediated through the regulation of G0/G1 phase-related proteins p21, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and Rb and cell cycle progression.	Rosiglitazone	35-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
26886286-9	2016	Our findings suggest a possible association between p21 Ser31tabArg polymorphism and susceptibility to the development of cervical lesions in women from Pernambuco.	ser31tabarg	56-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
27329589-6	2016	Western blot showed that quercetin downregulated c-myc expression and upregulated p21 expression.	Quercetin	25-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
27231022-0	2016	Vitamin C promotes the proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells via p53-p21 pathway.	Ascorbic Acid	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
27421652-8	2016	The inhibitory effect of everolimus was due to G1 arrest as a result of downregulation of cyclin D1 and p21.	Everolimus	25-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
27411103-4	2016	Molecularly, Glc exposure increased oxidative stress and activated Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a), promoting increased expression and activity of the ROS-removal enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase and the cell-cycle inhibitors p21(cip1) and p27(kip1).	Glucose	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
27411103-5	2016	Diabetic Glc also promoted beta-catenin nuclear localization and the formation of a complex with FOXO3a that localized to the promoters of Sod2, p21(cip1), and potentially p27(kip1).	Glucose	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
27231022-9	2016	Western blot analysis indicated that vitamin C treatment up-regulated the expression levels of cyclin E1 and CDK2, but down-regulated p53 and p21 proteins expression, which contributed to cell proliferation and cell cycle progression.	Ascorbic Acid	37-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
27231022-11	2016	These findings suggest that vitamin C can promote the proliferation and cell cycle progression in the ADSCs possibly through regulation of p53-p21 signal pathway.	Ascorbic Acid	28-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
27109893-10	2016	Pre-mature senescence induced due to limited glucose availability was found to be regulated by nuclear translocated p53 which, in turn, induced p21, pAkt and pERK.	Glucose	45-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
27482284-7	2016	All of the studies indicated that curcumin decreased glioblastoma cell viability through various pathways (i.e. decrease in prosurvival proteins such as nuclear factor kappaB, activator protein 1, and phosphoinositide 3 kinase, and upregulation of apoptotic pathways like p21, p53, and executor caspase 3).	Curcumin	34-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	272-275
27131434-14	2016	The cell cycle arrest in DCM-DS-treated MDA-MB-231 cells is possibly via p53-independent but p21-dependent pathway.	Methylene Chloride	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
27131434-14	2016	The cell cycle arrest in DCM-DS-treated MDA-MB-231 cells is possibly via p53-independent but p21-dependent pathway.	Deuterium	29-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
27364904-4	2016	The sensitivity of ARID1A-deficient cells to dasatinib was associated with G1-S cell-cycle arrest and was dependent upon both p21 and Rb.	Dasatinib	45-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
27347927-7	2016	Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride decreased mutant p21 expression, and increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and the activation of caspase-3 to induce apoptosis.	asterin	0-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
27351203-0	2016	miR-24-3p Suppresses Malignant Behavior of Lacrimal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma by Targeting PRKCH to Regulate p53/p21 Pathway.	mir-24-3p	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
27351203-8	2016	These results suggest that miR-24-3p promotes the p53/p21 pathway by down-regulating PRKCH expression in lacrimal adenoid cystic carcinoma cells.	mir-24-3p	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
26763252-9	2016	Cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines have reduced MSX1 expression, and MSX1 overexpression leads to cisplatin sensitization, increased apoptosis, and increased cisplatin-induced p21 expression.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
26763252-9	2016	Cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines have reduced MSX1 expression, and MSX1 overexpression leads to cisplatin sensitization, increased apoptosis, and increased cisplatin-induced p21 expression.	Cisplatin	169-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
27255182-10	2016	Breast cancer cell lines MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 grown in methionine-restricted cysteine-depleted media for 24 h also up-regulated P21 and P27 gene expression, and MDA-MB-231 cells had decreased proliferation.	Methionine	56-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
27235710-14	2016	Furthermore, the results of qRT-PCR showed that lupeol pre-treatment significantly (p&lt;0.05) decreased mancozeb-induced expression of DNA damage (p53, MDM2, COX-2, GADD45alpha and p21) and increased expression of DNA repair responsive genes (hOGG1 and XRCC1) in CHLs.	mancozeb	105-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
27255182-10	2016	Breast cancer cell lines MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 grown in methionine-restricted cysteine-depleted media for 24 h also up-regulated P21 and P27 gene expression, and MDA-MB-231 cells had decreased proliferation.	Cysteine	78-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
27091351-8	2016	AZD1152 treatment induced activation of G2/M checkpoint which in turn led to transient G2/M arrest in a p21-independent manner.	2-((3-((4-((5-(2-((3-fluorophenyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)quinazolin-7-yl)oxy)propyl)(ethyl)amino)ethyl dihydrogen phosphate	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
27253379-2	2016	Based on our recent finding that the host factor p21 regulates HIV transcription during antiretroviral therapy (ART), and published data demonstrating that the human carbohydrate-binding immunomodulatory protein galectin-9 regulates p21, we hypothesized that galectin-9 modulates HIV transcription.	Carbohydrates	166-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
27253379-2	2016	Based on our recent finding that the host factor p21 regulates HIV transcription during antiretroviral therapy (ART), and published data demonstrating that the human carbohydrate-binding immunomodulatory protein galectin-9 regulates p21, we hypothesized that galectin-9 modulates HIV transcription.	Carbohydrates	166-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	233-236
27035641-0	2016	The effect of sulforaphane on the cell cycle, apoptosis and expression of cyclin D1 and p21 in the A549 non-small cell lung cancer cell line.	sulforaphane	14-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
27221738-0	2016	miR-30c and miR-181a synergistically modulate p53-p21 pathway in diabetes induced cardiac hypertrophy.	mir-181a	12-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
26905466-3	2016	Here, we report the first structure (at a 2.34A resolution) of a complex of human HINT1 with a non-hydrolyzable analog of an Ap4A dinucleotide, containing bis-phosphorothioated glycerol mimicking a polyphosphate chain, obtained from a primitive monoclinic space group P21 crystal.	Glycerol	177-185	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	268-271
26905466-3	2016	Here, we report the first structure (at a 2.34A resolution) of a complex of human HINT1 with a non-hydrolyzable analog of an Ap4A dinucleotide, containing bis-phosphorothioated glycerol mimicking a polyphosphate chain, obtained from a primitive monoclinic space group P21 crystal.	ap4a dinucleotide	125-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	268-271
26905466-3	2016	Here, we report the first structure (at a 2.34A resolution) of a complex of human HINT1 with a non-hydrolyzable analog of an Ap4A dinucleotide, containing bis-phosphorothioated glycerol mimicking a polyphosphate chain, obtained from a primitive monoclinic space group P21 crystal.	bis-phosphorothioated	155-176	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	268-271
27221738-2	2016	We investigated role of microRNAs in regulating p53-p21 pathway in high glucose (HG)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis.	Glucose	72-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
26876863-2	2016	The beta-CD-CA complex crystallizes in the monoclinic P21 space group, whereas the beta-CD-EC complex crystallizes in both the monoclinic P21 and triclinic P1 space groups.	beta-cd-ec	83-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
26687645-5	2016	Co-treatment with OMT and 5-Fu caused G0/G1 phase arrest by upregulating P21 and P27 and downregulating cyclin D, and induced apoptosis through increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreasing the levels of p-ERK.	oxymatrine	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
26687645-5	2016	Co-treatment with OMT and 5-Fu caused G0/G1 phase arrest by upregulating P21 and P27 and downregulating cyclin D, and induced apoptosis through increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreasing the levels of p-ERK.	Fluorouracil	26-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
27219337-5	2016	Interestingly, UA at low concentrations (10-15 muM) enhanced the antitumoral effects of DXR by up to 2-fold, while in parallel inhibiting DXR-induced AKT activation and p21 expression, two proteins implicated in antitumoral drug resistance and cell survival.	ursolic acid	15-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
27098189-11	2016	Simvastatin enhanced the release of cytochrome c, caspase 3, and increased p21 levels, especially for the KKU-100 cells.	Simvastatin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
27104737-4	2016	Based on density function theory with the ultrasoft pseudopotential scheme in the frame of the local density approximation and the generalized gradient approximation, we have systematically studied the structural stability, absorption spectra, electronic, optical and mechanical properties and minimum thermal conductivity of two novel silicon phases, Cm-32 silicon and P21/m silicon.	Silicon	336-343	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	370-373
27104737-6	2016	The absorption spectra of Cm-32 silicon and P21/m silicon exhibit significant overlap with the solar spectrum and thus, excellent photovoltaic efficiency with great improvements over Fd3[combining macron]m Si.	Silicon	206-208	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
27168162-11	2016	The cisplatin-induced expression of pAkt was not affected by LCN2; however, the expression of p53 and p21 was increased by LCN2-silencing.	Cisplatin	4-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
26596838-6	2016	In both cell lines, aspirin induced p21(CIP1).	Aspirin	20-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
27128904-6	2016	Moreover, AdoMet increased p53 and p21 expression, while Tyrosol reduced p21 expression and enhanced the expression of uncleaved caspase 3 and 9, suggesting that its protective effect may be related to the inhibition of the apoptotic machinery.	4-hydroxyphenylethanol	57-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
26678889-5	2016	Our results showed that the level of either Hes1 or p21 was lower in LSCs or LPs than in HSCs whereas the level of miR-9 was highest in LPs and lowest in HSCs.	lps	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
27491234-10	2016	ICT and DOX could cause either early or late stage apoptosis, down-regulate Bcl-2 gene expression, and up-regulate gene expressions of Caspase-3 and p21 respectively (P &lt; 0.05).	Doxorubicin	8-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
27491234-12	2016	CONCLUSION: CT combined DOX had additive or synergistic inhibition effect for the proliferation of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells, which might be related with regulating gene expressions of bcl-2, caspase-3, and p21.	Doxorubicin	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-209
27219337-4	2016	UA treatment (6-9 h) strongly blocked the survival AKT/GSK3beta/beta-catenin signalling pathway, which led to a concomitant reduction of the anti-apoptotic proteins c-Myc and p21, altogether resulting in the activation of intrinsic apoptosis.	ursolic acid	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
27064011-9	2016	Treatment of U87 MG cells with honokiol increased p53 phosphorylation and p21 levels.	honokiol	31-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
27064011-11	2016	Pretreatment of U87 MG cells with PFN-alpha significantly reversed honokiol-induced p53 phosphorylation and p21 augmentation.	honokiol	67-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
27064011-14	2016	In our in vivo model, administration of honokiol prolonged the survival rate of nude mice implanted with U87 MG cells and induced caspase-3 activation and chronological changes in p53, p21, CDK6, CDK4, cyclin D1, p-RB, and E2F1.	honokiol	40-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
27041463-11	2016	Furthermore, co-treatment with lidocaine and hyaluronan significantly decreased the levels of p53 and its transcription targets Bax and p21 in SW1353 cells, although treatment with lidocaine alone did not significantly change these proteins.	Lidocaine	31-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
27041463-11	2016	Furthermore, co-treatment with lidocaine and hyaluronan significantly decreased the levels of p53 and its transcription targets Bax and p21 in SW1353 cells, although treatment with lidocaine alone did not significantly change these proteins.	Hyaluronic Acid	45-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
26210997-6	2016	RG108-treated ALS-MSCs exhibit increased expression of the anti-senescence genes TERT, VEGF, and ANG, and decreased expression of the senescence-related genes ATM and p21.	RG108	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
27006469-4	2016	Iso-3 induced growth arrest of cancer cells in G0/G1 concomitant with increased p21 and p27 expression and reduced cyclin E1, PCNA and c-myc levels.	isofistularin-3	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
26847145-5	2016	Lico B caused cell cycle arrest at G1 phase along with downregulation of cyclin D1 and upregulation of p21 and p27 proteins.	licochalcone B	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
27048725-2	2016	Diethylaminoalane crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 7.4020 (2), b = 12.9663 (3), c = 7.2878 (2) A and beta = 90.660 (2)  at 293 K. The crystal structure was confirmed by DFT calculations and Raman spectroscopy.	diethylaminoalane	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
26776764-5	2016	In our study, we found that benzidine increased the proliferation of human bladder cancer T24 cells, triggered transition of the cells from G1 to S phase, elevated the expression of cyclin D1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and decreased p21 expression.	benzidine	28-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	252-255
27143925-4	2016	Our results demonstrated that the molecular mechanisms of the effect of carvacrol in Tca-8113 induces G1/S cell cycle arrest through downregulation of CDK regulator CCND1 and CDK4, and upregulation of CDK inhibitor P21.	carvacrol	72-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	215-218
27143925-4	2016	Our results demonstrated that the molecular mechanisms of the effect of carvacrol in Tca-8113 induces G1/S cell cycle arrest through downregulation of CDK regulator CCND1 and CDK4, and upregulation of CDK inhibitor P21.	tca-8113	85-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	215-218
26979598-3	2016	At 293 K, PEA-ZnCl4 crystallizes in a monoclinic unit-cell in the P21/c space group a = 7.449(2) A, b = 24.670(3) A, c = 11.187(2) A and beta = 91.762(5) , V = 2054.8(2) A(3) and Z = 4.	zncl4	14-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-71
27011117-2	2016	The homobimetallic Ru(II) and Os(II) complexes were found to crystallize in monoclinic form with space group P21/n.	ru(ii)	19-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
27011117-2	2016	The homobimetallic Ru(II) and Os(II) complexes were found to crystallize in monoclinic form with space group P21/n.	os(ii)	30-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
26846469-7	2016	The results indicated that Dp treatment significantly inhibited cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and blocked cell cycle progression at the G1/S phase in the U87MG and T98G cells via the upregulation of p53 and p21 protein expression, and simultaneous downregulation of Cdc25A, Cdc2 and P-Cdc2 protein expression.	dracorhodin	27-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	234-237
26785286-10	2016	CONCLUSION: These data reveal that 5-FU-induced cellular apoptosis in corneal epithelial cells may be mediated through caspase-8, caspase-9, and mitochondria-regulated pathways, as well as by upregulation of p21 and downregulation of Bcl-2-dependent signal transduction pathways.	Fluorouracil	35-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	208-211
26898539-0	2016	Retinoid N-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxamide induces p21-dependent senescence in breast cancer cells.	Retinoids	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
26898539-0	2016	Retinoid N-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxamide induces p21-dependent senescence in breast cancer cells.	n-(1h-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxamide	9-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
26898539-5	2016	The breast cancer selective growth inhibitory action by retinoid 17 was defined as p21-dependent cell death, reminiscent of senescence, which is an indicator of targeted receptor mediated bioactivity.	Retinoids	56-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
26508031-10	2016	Moreover, esculetin increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase and regulated the expressions of p53, p21, CDK1, and cyclin B1.	esculetin	10-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
26959833-3	2016	ICC adopts monoclinic space groups C2/c and P21/c in phase (I) and (III), respectively.	inecalcitol	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-49
26934645-5	2016	Furthermore, SKi or ABC294640 or fenretinide increase the expression of the senescence markers, p53 and p21 in LNCaP-AI prostate cancer cells.	Fenretinide	33-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
26934320-6	2016	Mechanistically, treatment with carfilzomib and CUDC-101 increased p21 expression and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein cleavage.	carfilzomib	32-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
26934645-7	2016	Moreover, N-acetylcysteine (reactive oxygen species scavenger) blocked the SK inhibitor-induced increase in p21 and p53 expression but had no effect on the proteasomal degradation of SK1a.	Acetylcysteine	10-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
26934320-6	2016	Mechanistically, treatment with carfilzomib and CUDC-101 increased p21 expression and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein cleavage.	7-(4-(3-ethynylphenylamino)-7-methoxyquinazolin-6-yloxy)-N-hydroxyheptanamide	48-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
26934645-7	2016	Moreover, N-acetylcysteine (reactive oxygen species scavenger) blocked the SK inhibitor-induced increase in p21 and p53 expression but had no effect on the proteasomal degradation of SK1a.	Reactive Oxygen Species	28-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
26883108-6	2016	Over time cells treated with GSK2830371 accumulated in G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle in a p21-dependent manner and were prone to induction of senescence by a low dose of MDM2 antagonist nutlin-3.	GSK2830371	29-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
27036461-2	2016	A high pressure monoclinic phase is predicted to exist above 1.3 GPa accompanied with a coordination change of aluminium resulting from a transformation from the ambient pressure 4-coordinated primitive monoclinic phase with space group P21/c to the monoclinic 6-coordinated structure with space group C2/m.	Aluminum	111-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	237-242
26982218-7	2016	We experimentally verify that prolonged exposure to low doses of BPA results in a delayed response to UV-C-induced DNA damage, due to impairment of p21-Tp53 axis, with the BPA-treated cells more prone to cell death and DNA damage accumulation.	bisphenol A	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
26982218-7	2016	We experimentally verify that prolonged exposure to low doses of BPA results in a delayed response to UV-C-induced DNA damage, due to impairment of p21-Tp53 axis, with the BPA-treated cells more prone to cell death and DNA damage accumulation.	bisphenol A	172-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
26898117-5	2016	A critical temperature of Tc  125 K for the magnetostructural phase transition between the two stable structures I4/m and P21/c is predicted.	Technetium	26-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-127
26940882-9	2016	Treatment of PLC/PRF/5 cells with siRNA-ERRgamma or GSK5182 inhibited proliferation through G1 arrest, increased expression of p21 and p27 and decreased expression of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein.	GSK5182	52-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
26924930-0	2016	Agmatine Ameliorates High Glucose-Induced Neuronal Cell Senescence by Regulating the p21 and p53 Signaling.	Agmatine	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
26621097-12	2016	In contrast, the G2-to-M inhibitor p21 was increased in JA-treated cells.	jasmonic acid	56-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
26807478-0	2016	Prevention of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia by CREB-mediated p21 induction: An insight from a plant polyphenol.	Polyphenols	154-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
26807478-5	2016	The SAA-induced upregulation of p21 involves the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway; a cAMP analog mimicked the effects of SAA and a specific cAMP/PKA inhibitor opposed these effects.	Cyclic AMP	49-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
26807478-5	2016	The SAA-induced upregulation of p21 involves the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway; a cAMP analog mimicked the effects of SAA and a specific cAMP/PKA inhibitor opposed these effects.	Cyclic AMP	79-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
26807478-5	2016	The SAA-induced upregulation of p21 involves the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway; a cAMP analog mimicked the effects of SAA and a specific cAMP/PKA inhibitor opposed these effects.	Cyclic AMP	79-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
26807478-10	2016	Our results indicate that SAA promotes p21 expression in SMCs through the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling cascade in vitro and prevents injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia.	Cyclic AMP	74-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
25727911-10	2016	Furthermore, simvastatin effectively reduced the expression of p53 and p21.	Simvastatin	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
26718100-0	2016	[Corrigendum] Brassinin induces G1 phase arrest through increase of p21 and p27 by inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway in human colon cancer cells.	brassinin	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
26758421-2	2016	Here, we show that Bufalin can inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation, block cell cycle in G2/M phase, induce cellular apoptosis and reduce cell metastasis through stimulation of p21(waf/cip1), p27(cip/kip), Bax and E-cadherin, and suppression of cyclin A, cyclin B1, CDK2, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, MMP9 and SNAIL1.	bufalin	19-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
26848703-11	2016	Both drugs induced apoptosis through a p53-independent mechanism, whereas the expression of p21 was only seen in thymoquinone treatment.	thymoquinone	113-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
26985469-0	2016	Retraction notice to "Curcumin induces the degradation of cyclin E expression through ubiquitin-dependent pathway and up-regulates cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 in multiple human tumor cell lines" [Biochem.	Curcumin	22-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
26924930-6	2016	Increased p21 and reduced p53 in high glucose conditioned cells were changed by agmatine.	Glucose	38-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
26924930-6	2016	Increased p21 and reduced p53 in high glucose conditioned cells were changed by agmatine.	Agmatine	80-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
26924930-7	2016	Ultimately, agmatine inhibits the neuronal cell senescence through the activation of p53 and the inhibition of p21.	Agmatine	12-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
26314218-13	2016	In addition, in vitro exposure of RRCL to vorinostat resulted in an increase in p21 and acetylation of histone H3 leading to G1 cell cycle arrest.	rrcl	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
26648284-0	2016	MiR-512-5p induces apoptosis and inhibits glycolysis by targeting p21 in non-small cell lung cancer cells.	mir-512-5p	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
26648284-7	2016	Overexpression of miR-512-5p led to the decrease of p21 protein and mRNA level.	mir-512-5p	18-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
26314218-13	2016	In addition, in vitro exposure of RRCL to vorinostat resulted in an increase in p21 and acetylation of histone H3 leading to G1 cell cycle arrest.	Vorinostat	42-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
27014985-8	2016	(4) Phenelzine could upregulate the expression of Bax, caspase-3, p21, and downregulate Bcl-2 expression.	Phenelzine	4-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
26398108-8	2016	Selinexor induced p53, p21, and cleaved PARP in several solid tumor models.	selinexor	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
26408176-5	2016	We also observed that fangchinoline inhibits tumor cell proliferation and invasiveness and induces apoptosis through suppressing the Akt-mediated signaling cascades, including Akt/p21, Akt/Bad, and Akt/matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).	fangchinoline	22-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
27014985-11	2016	CONCLUSIONS: Phenelzine increased the methylation of histone H3K4me1, H3K4me2, acetylation of histone H3 and p21, and decreased the expression of DNMT1 and p15, and ultimately inhibited the proliferation and apoptosis of Molt-4 cells.	Phenelzine	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
26958402-1	2016	The title compounds, C19H16ClNO5, (I), and C19H15Cl2NO5, (II), both crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/n.	c19h15cl2no5	43-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
27268647-7	2016	Silibinin upregulated PTEN in MCF-7 and caused slightly increased P21 mRNA expression in T47D cells and slightly increased PTEN and P21 expression in MCF-10A cells.	Silybin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
26713361-0	2016	Evodiamine selectively targets cancer stem-like cells through the p53-p21-Rb pathway.	evodiamine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
26713361-7	2016	Surprisingly, evodiamine selectively activated p53 and p21 and decreased inactive Rb, the master molecules in G1/S checkpoint.	evodiamine	14-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
26794658-5	2016	Furthermore, we observed that overexpression of HDAC1 was associated with the downregulation of p21, a known HDAC target, in advanced NSCLC patients with paclitaxel treatment, and predicted chemotherapy resistance and bad outcome.	Paclitaxel	154-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
27109154-7	2016	The induced G2/M phase arrest indicated by the Western blotting assay showed that casticin promoted the expression of p53, p21 and CHK-1 proteins and inhibited the protein levels of Cdc25c, CDK-1, Cyclin A and B.	casticin	82-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
26623721-8	2016	Moreover, dasatinib-induced senescence was dependent on Chk1 and p21, proteins known to mediate DNA damage-induced senescence.	Dasatinib	10-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
27039820-7	2016	The fact that bromodeoxyuridine had the strongest effects on growth inhibition and senescence induction implies that senescence in cholangiocarcinoma cells is likely controlled by DNA damage response pathways relating to the p53/p21 signaling.	Bromodeoxyuridine	14-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
27268647-7	2016	Silibinin upregulated PTEN in MCF-7 and caused slightly increased P21 mRNA expression in T47D cells and slightly increased PTEN and P21 expression in MCF-10A cells.	Silybin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
27997894-12	2016	CONCLUSION: Zedoarondiol inhibits PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs proliferation via AMPK-mediated down-regulation of the mTOR/p70S6K pathway and up-regulation of the p53/p21 pathway.	zedoarondiol	12-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
27725445-8	2016	The compounds vaticanol B, hemsleyanol D, and resveratrol significantly increased the expression of p21, suggesting that they are able to block cell cycle progression.	Vaticanol B	14-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
27725445-8	2016	The compounds vaticanol B, hemsleyanol D, and resveratrol significantly increased the expression of p21, suggesting that they are able to block cell cycle progression.	hemsleyanol	27-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
27725445-8	2016	The compounds vaticanol B, hemsleyanol D, and resveratrol significantly increased the expression of p21, suggesting that they are able to block cell cycle progression.	Resveratrol	46-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
26636375-5	2016	ATM inhibition allowed H(2)O(2)-stimulated hMESCs to escape the permanent cell cycle arrest due to loss of the functional ATM/p53/p21/Rb pathway, and induced bypass of mitosis and re-entry into S phase, resulting in tetraploid cells.	Hydrogen Peroxide	23-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
26918580-6	2016	Our results showed that EDH exerted anti-proliferative effects in SCC-9 cells by stabilizing the cell cycle at G1 phase in association with reduced intracellular levels of cyclins D and E and increased level of p21.	EDH	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
27997894-11	2016	In addition, zedoarondiol activated AMPK and ACC, inhibited the phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6K, increased the expression of p53 and p21, and decreased the expression of CDK2 and cyclin E. Compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) abrogated, whereas 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-beta-ribofuranoside (AICAR, an AMPK activator) enhanced zedoarondiol-mediated inhibition of VSMCs proliferation and DNA synthesis.	zedoarondiol	13-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
26590797-9	2016	Moreover, IAZP augmented the doxorubicin-induced degradation of p21, activation of p53, CDK2, caspase 3/7 and phosphorylation of Rb protein.	Doxorubicin	29-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
26938985-11	2016	Moreover, DHT-dependent activation of AR involves regulation in the cell cycle related genes, including p73, p21 and Cyclin D1.	Dihydrotestosterone	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
26625870-8	2016	Moreover, PLK2 inhibition combined with cisplatin treatment in osteosarcoma Saos2 cells up-regulated p21 and puma mRNA expression to a greater extent than cisplatin treatment alone.	Cisplatin	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
26091707-7	2016	Additionally, after treatment of cell lines with DHT, protein levels of TGF-beta1 receptors (TGFBR1-TGFBR2) showed a decrease (p &lt; 0.05) that might cause a potential disorder in TGF-beta1 response, represented by the significant decrease in p21 protein levels in the presence of DHT (p &lt; 0.001).	Dihydrotestosterone	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	244-247
26575528-14	2016	Single agents or combination did not affect p53 expression, however, combination of cisplatin and HDACIs increased the expression of p21 in KKU-M214 cells.	Cisplatin	84-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
26276860-0	2016	Control of Trx1 redox state modulates protection against methyl methanesulfonate-induced DNA damage via stabilization of p21.	Methyl Methanesulfonate	57-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
26276860-6	2016	Trx1 overexpression and small interfering RNA knockdown in cells revealed that reduced Trx1 after exposure to lower doses of MMS attenuated DNA damage, assessed by comet assay, and level of the DNA-damage marker histone gamma-H2AX, possibly through scavenging intracellular ROS and an increase in p21 protein level via enhancing its stability.	Methyl Methanesulfonate	125-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	297-300
27232977-4	2016	TBZA and its Co(II) complex crystallize in the triclinic P-1 space group, while the Cu(II) complex crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c space group.	cu(ii)	84-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-147
26585176-8	2016	DHMA significantly increased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein such as p53, p21, Bax, and caspase-3 but downregulated the expression of NF-kappaB in NCI-H460 cell line.	dhma	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
26531053-0	2016	Curcumin improves the efficacy of cisplatin by targeting cancer stem-like cells through p21 and cyclin D1-mediated tumour cell inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
26774139-8	2016	In addition, chidamide alone or in combination with 5-Fu increased the p53, phosphorylated-p53 (p-p53), p21 and gammaH2AX levels, but suppressed cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) expression in tumor cells.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
26774139-8	2016	In addition, chidamide alone or in combination with 5-Fu increased the p53, phosphorylated-p53 (p-p53), p21 and gammaH2AX levels, but suppressed cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) expression in tumor cells.	Fluorouracil	52-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
26531053-0	2016	Curcumin improves the efficacy of cisplatin by targeting cancer stem-like cells through p21 and cyclin D1-mediated tumour cell inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.	Cisplatin	34-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
26828437-3	2016	We studied the kinetics of intrinsic GTP hydrolysis reaction in the absence and presence of a biologically active peptide derivative of a p21-activated kinase effector (PBD46) for wt Cdc42 and compared it to the Switch 1 variant Cdc42(T35A).	Guanosine Triphosphate	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
27131314-9	2016	Further studies suggested that the cell cycle inhibitor p21 was aberrantly downregulated in CRC cells, whereas this inhibition was reversed by miR-92a inhibitor.	mir-92a	143-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
26549417-0	2016	Harmine Hydrochloride Triggers G2 Phase Arrest and Apoptosis in MGC-803 Cells and SMMC-7721 Cells by Upregulating p21, Activating Caspase-8/Bid, and Downregulating ERK/Bad Pathway.	Harmine Hydrochloride	0-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
26549524-8	2016	A549 cells exposed to the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin (10 muM, 24 h) reveal signs of apoptosis, i.e. 25% reduction in cell viability as well as 1.3-, 1.5- and 3.3-fold increase in the expression of LRRC8A, Bax (regulator of apoptosis) and p21 (regulator of cell cycle progression), respectively.	Cisplatin	48-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	243-246
26432358-5	2015	The involvement of estrogen induced ROS in the p38 MAPK mediated p21 expression and cell growth arrest was established by observing that scavenging of ROS by NAC abrogated p38 MAPK activation and p21 expression during hypoxia.	ros	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
26694420-8	2015	Experiments using the specific MEK inhibitor U0126 showed that MytiLec-induced phosphorylation of the MEK-ERK pathway up-regulated expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, leading to cell cycle arrest and TNF-alpha production.	U 0126	45-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
26677335-5	2015	Consequently, Echinacoside treatment induced an immediate and dramatic increase in DNA damage markers and upregulation of the G1/S-CDK inhibitor p21, which were followed by marked apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest in cancer but not in noncancer cells.	echinacoside	14-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
26600068-4	2015	Yellow Na2TeS3 crystallizes in the space group P21/c.	na2tes3	7-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-52
26432358-5	2015	The involvement of estrogen induced ROS in the p38 MAPK mediated p21 expression and cell growth arrest was established by observing that scavenging of ROS by NAC abrogated p38 MAPK activation and p21 expression during hypoxia.	ros	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
26432358-5	2015	The involvement of estrogen induced ROS in the p38 MAPK mediated p21 expression and cell growth arrest was established by observing that scavenging of ROS by NAC abrogated p38 MAPK activation and p21 expression during hypoxia.	ros	151-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
26432358-5	2015	The involvement of estrogen induced ROS in the p38 MAPK mediated p21 expression and cell growth arrest was established by observing that scavenging of ROS by NAC abrogated p38 MAPK activation and p21 expression during hypoxia.	ros	151-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
26629991-0	2015	Metformin and Resveratrol Inhibited High Glucose-Induced Metabolic Memory of Endothelial Senescence through SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 Pathway.	Metformin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
26629991-0	2015	Metformin and Resveratrol Inhibited High Glucose-Induced Metabolic Memory of Endothelial Senescence through SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 Pathway.	Resveratrol	14-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
26629991-9	2015	Furthermore, we found that RSV or MET treatment prevented senescent "memory" by modulating SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 pathway.	Resveratrol	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
26629991-11	2015	In conclusion, short-term high glucose stimulation could induce sustained endothelial senescence via SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 pathway.	Glucose	31-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
26788188-4	2015	Additional investigations revealed that NVP-BEZ235 attenuated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and upregulated the levels of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27.	dactolisib	44-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
26884857-6	2015	And we found that halofuginone inhibits tumor cell cycle possibly by up-regulating p15 and p21 of expression.	halofuginone	18-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
27093815-5	2015	RESULT: The results showed that PTX could increase the apoptosis and the expression of Caspase3, PARP, CytC, AIF and Bax and reduce the proliferation, membrane potential and the expression of PI3K, p-AKT, p53, p21, Cleavage-PARP, Cleavage-Caspase3 and Bcl-2 in CNE2 cell in a concentration-dependent manner.	ptx	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
26404525-6	2015	Interestingly, inhibition of p53 or knockdown of p21, abolished LMP-induced caspase-3 activity and cell death.	(2~{s},3~{r},4~{s})-2-[(2~{s},3~{r})-1,3-Bis(Oxidanyl)-1-Oxidanylidene-Butan-2-Yl]-4-[(3~{s},5~{s})-5-(Dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-Yl]sulfanyl-3-Methyl-3,4-Dihydro-2~{h}-Pyrrole-5-Carboxylic Acid	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
26404525-7	2015	Blocking oxidized phospholipid-rich LMPs with a specific antibody significantly prevented LMP-induced Rb apoptosis and reversed the expression patterns of SYK, p53, p21.	Phospholipids	18-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
26520903-8	2015	Corroborating the involvement of alpha1beta1 integrin, the pretreatment of VSMC with obtustatin impaired Ang II-induced FAK phosphorylation, AKT activation, p21 degradation and the increase of ILK expression.	vsmc	75-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
26520903-8	2015	Corroborating the involvement of alpha1beta1 integrin, the pretreatment of VSMC with obtustatin impaired Ang II-induced FAK phosphorylation, AKT activation, p21 degradation and the increase of ILK expression.	obtustatin	85-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
26041389-5	2015	The expressions of p53 and p21 were decreased in H2O2-treated RTEF-1 o/e human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	Hydrogen Peroxide	49-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
26498137-9	2015	In addition, curcumin was found to cause the induction of p21, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, and reduction of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), an anti-apoptotic molecule, in parental H460 cells as well as chemoresistant cells, H460/CisR and H460/TR.	Curcumin	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
26375402-3	2015	p21-activated kinases are serine-threonine kinases that serve as targets for the small GTP binding proteins Cdc42 and Rac1 and have been implicated in different morphogenetic processes through remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton such as synapse formation and neuritogenesis.	Serine	26-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
26375402-3	2015	p21-activated kinases are serine-threonine kinases that serve as targets for the small GTP binding proteins Cdc42 and Rac1 and have been implicated in different morphogenetic processes through remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton such as synapse formation and neuritogenesis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	87-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
26467393-4	2015	Human aortic smooth muscle cells treated with beta-Glycerophosphate (BGP, 10mM) suffered cellular senescence by increasing p53, p21 and p16 expression and the senescence associated beta-galactosidase activity.	beta-glycerophosphoric acid	46-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
26486083-7	2015	Cisplatin also activated p53 and phosphorylated activator protein (AP-1) component, c-Jun at serine (63, 73) residue simultaneously leading to cell cycle arrest through stimulation of p21 and down regulation of cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases in APL cell lines.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
26320837-6	2015	Transcriptional analysis of several cancer-associated genes (c-fos, AURKA, p21, bcl-xl and CLU) shows that BPA exposure induces slight up-regulation exclusively of bcl-xl without affecting cell viability.	bisphenol A	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
26320837-8	2015	Conversely, DOX at a therapeutic concentration (4 muM) results in distinct and very severe transcriptional alterations of c-fos, AURKA, p21 and CLU that are counteracted by co-exposure with BPA resulting in transcript levels similar to those of control.	Doxorubicin	12-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
26343756-5	2015	Moreover, Bis-GMA induced a depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential, an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, an activation of caspase-3 and altered expressions of cell cycle-related proteins (p21, PCNA, cyclinD1).	Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate	10-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-197
26320837-8	2015	Conversely, DOX at a therapeutic concentration (4 muM) results in distinct and very severe transcriptional alterations of c-fos, AURKA, p21 and CLU that are counteracted by co-exposure with BPA resulting in transcript levels similar to those of control.	bisphenol A	190-193	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
26474283-2	2015	However, no evidence are presently available on a direct cytotoxic anti-tumor activity of axitinib in RCC.Herein we reported by western blot analysis that axitinib treatment induces a DNA damage response (DDR) initially characterized by gamma-H2AX phosphorylation and Chk1 kinase activation and at later time points by p21 overexpression in A-498 and Caki-2 RCC cells although with a different potency.	Axitinib	155-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	319-322
26708876-7	2015	The mRNA expression of P21 and P27 was significantly increased after indomethacin treatment in U266 and K562 cell lines except for the P27 mRNA expression of U937.	Indomethacin	69-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
26501364-2	2015	X-ray diffraction measurements determined the crystal structure of CdDLHis at 100 and 298 K. CdDLHis crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with two cadmium complexes per asymmetric unit.	cddlhis	93-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
26415552-2	2015	Treating prostate cancer cells with physapubescin B resulted in the accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase, which was associated with reduced Cdc25C levels and increased levels of CyclinB1, P21 as well as p-Cdk1 (Tyr15).	physapubescin B	36-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
26559563-8	2015	These results indicate that butyrate is able to modify colon cancer-relevant miRNAs like miR-106b and miR-135a which are involved in the regulation of cell cycle-relevant genes like p21 and might influence inhibition of adenoma cell proliferation.	Butyrates	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
26525771-4	2015	Mechanistic studies showed that ailanthone induced G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest, as indicated by decreased expression of cyclins and CDKs and increased expression of p21 and p27.	ailanthone	32-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
26276715-8	2015	Experimental evidence postulates multiple potential mechanisms by which calcitriol analogues may exert their anti-cancer effect, the most common being by action on cyclin-dependent kinases p21 and p27.	Calcitriol	72-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
26559563-0	2015	Influence of miRNA-106b and miRNA-135a on butyrate-regulated expression of p21 and Cyclin D2 in human colon adenoma cells.	Butyrates	42-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
26559563-3	2015	The impact of distinct miRNAs (miR-106b, miR-135a) on butyrate-mediated regulation of p21 and Cyclin D2 gene and protein expression as well as the effect on LT97 cell proliferation (non-transfected, miR-106b and miR-135a mimic transfected) was analyzed.	Butyrates	54-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
26559563-5	2015	Levels of p21 mRNA and protein were significantly increased by butyrate and TSA (~threefold and 4.5-fold, respectively, 24 h) in non-transfected but not in miR-106b transfected LT97 cells.	Butyrates	63-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
26722252-0	2015	Cantharidin modulates the E2F1/MCM7-miR-106b-93/p21-PTEN signaling axis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.	Cantharidin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
26559563-5	2015	Levels of p21 mRNA and protein were significantly increased by butyrate and TSA (~threefold and 4.5-fold, respectively, 24 h) in non-transfected but not in miR-106b transfected LT97 cells.	trichostatin A	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
26492346-6	2015	PNAP-6h led to cell arrest at the S phase, most likely due to increasing levels of p21 and p27 and decreasing levels of cyclin D1, CDK4, cyclin E, and CDK2.	6H	5-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
26491966-6	2015	In addition, quercetin effectively suppressed the expression of CyclinD1, p21, Twist and phospho p38MAPK, which was not observed in MDA-MB-231 cells.	Quercetin	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
26352101-12	2015	Treatment with doxorubicin alone significantly induced the cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitor protein p21, whereas ferritin reduced p21 expression.	Doxorubicin	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
26345349-2	2015	A novel structure, with SiC2O6 stoichiometry and the P21/c space group is calculated to be stable against decomposition within a wide pressure window from 7.2 to 41 GPa, and metastable under ambient conditions.	sic2o6	24-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-58
26491966-8	2015	Quercetin effectively regulated the expression of Twist, in turn p16 and p21 which induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.	Quercetin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
26594373-1	2015	A new monoclinic polymorph, form II (P21/c, Z = 4), has been isolated for 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (DMCA).	3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid	74-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-49
26594373-1	2015	A new monoclinic polymorph, form II (P21/c, Z = 4), has been isolated for 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (DMCA).	3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid	102-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-49
26187313-0	2015	Distinct roles of transforming growth factor-beta signaling and transforming growth factor-beta receptor inhibitor SB431542 in the regulation of p21 expression.	4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	115-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
26465338-3	2015	Fibroblasts cultured on commercial tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) entered senescence after 55-60 population doublings (PDs), and were accompanied by larger cell shape, higher senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA beta-gal) activity, lower proliferation capacity, and upregulation of senescence-associated molecular markers p21, p53, retinoblastoma (pRB), and p16.	tcps	63-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	333-336
26187313-10	2015	On the other hand, treatment with SB431542 up-regulated p21 expression while inhibiting cell growth.	4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	34-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
26187313-13	2015	These findings suggest that downregulation of Sp1 expression is responsible for SB43154-induced p21 expression.	2-(4-Methylpiperidin-1-yl)-5-nitroaniline	80-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
25716429-4	2015	Among them, compound 4 (quercetagetin 3,4"-dimethyl ether) showed inhibitory activity against cellular senescence, which was confirmed by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) activity, p53 and p21 protein levels, and intracellular ROS levels.	quercetagetin 3,4'-dimethyl ether	24-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
25965512-2	2015	This complex is structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing a three-dimensional structure crystallized in the monoclinic space-group P21/n, where thorium cation is nine coordinated by four SO4(2-) oxygen atoms, four bridging F(-), and one H2O molecule.	Thorium	176-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
25965512-2	2015	This complex is structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing a three-dimensional structure crystallized in the monoclinic space-group P21/n, where thorium cation is nine coordinated by four SO4(2-) oxygen atoms, four bridging F(-), and one H2O molecule.	sulfuric acid	219-222	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
26181229-0	2015	Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by aspidin PB through the p53/p21 and mitochondria-dependent pathways in human osteosarcoma cells.	aspidin PB	43-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
26181229-2	2015	We reported that aspidin PB induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through the p53/p21 and mitochondria-dependent pathways in human osteosarcoma cells.	aspidin PB	17-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
26181229-4	2015	Aspidin PB induced changes in the cell cycle regulators (cyclin A, pRb, CDK2, p53, and p21), which caused cell cycle arrest in the S phase.	aspidin PB	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
26181229-6	2015	Moreover, after treatment with aspidin PB, the p21-silenced cells decreased significantly at the S phase.	aspidin PB	31-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
26422222-1	2015	The crystal structure of 5-iodouracil, C4H3IN2O2, has been determined in the noncentrosymmetric space group P21 on a nonmerohedrally twinned crystal.	5-iodouracil	25-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
26422222-1	2015	The crystal structure of 5-iodouracil, C4H3IN2O2, has been determined in the noncentrosymmetric space group P21 on a nonmerohedrally twinned crystal.	c4h3in2o2	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
26410576-6	2015	Furthermore, vorinostat-NPs have similar effectiveness in the suppression or expression of histone deacetylase, mutant type p53, p21, and PARP/cleaved caspase-3.	Vorinostat	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
26217035-6	2015	Because c-Abl promotes expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 upon stimulation with the DNA-damaging agent Adriamycin (doxorubicin), we analysed the involvement of JunB in Adriamycin-induced p21 expression.	Doxorubicin	189-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	208-211
26217035-9	2015	Recruitment of JunB to the p21 promoter was promoted by Adriamycin stimulation and was further enhanced by co-treatment with the c-Abl inhibitor imatinib.	Doxorubicin	56-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
26217035-9	2015	Recruitment of JunB to the p21 promoter was promoted by Adriamycin stimulation and was further enhanced by co-treatment with the c-Abl inhibitor imatinib.	Imatinib Mesylate	145-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
26217035-11	2015	Taken together, these results suggest that, although JunB represses p21 promoter activity, c-Abl phosphorylates JunB and conversely inhibits its suppressive role on p21 promoter activity upon Adriamycin stimulation.	Doxorubicin	192-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
26217035-12	2015	Therefore JunB is likely to be a key target of c-Abl in expression of p21 in Adriamycin-induced DDR.	Doxorubicin	77-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
26314270-4	2015	First, PA dose-dependently induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, as shown by accumulation of the mitosis-related proteins, p21, survivin and Aurora B.	podophyllotoxin acetate	7-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
26206334-8	2015	Furthermore, GTPase inhibition by R-ketorolac reduces downstream p21-activated kinases (PAK1/PAK2) effector activation by &gt;80%.	(R)-Ketorolac	34-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
26217035-0	2015	c-Abl-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of JunB is required for Adriamycin-induced expression of p21.	Tyrosine	15-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
26217035-0	2015	c-Abl-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of JunB is required for Adriamycin-induced expression of p21.	Doxorubicin	64-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
26217035-6	2015	Because c-Abl promotes expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 upon stimulation with the DNA-damaging agent Adriamycin (doxorubicin), we analysed the involvement of JunB in Adriamycin-induced p21 expression.	Doxorubicin	124-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
26217035-6	2015	Because c-Abl promotes expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 upon stimulation with the DNA-damaging agent Adriamycin (doxorubicin), we analysed the involvement of JunB in Adriamycin-induced p21 expression.	Doxorubicin	136-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
25808410-3	2015	According to our observation, treatment with TDF and ABC affects the ability of the cells to produce calcium deposits with a reduced expression of type I collagen gene and p21 mRNA, also increasing the activity of Wnt3a related pathway.	Calcium	101-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
26166196-8	2015	The findings revealed that curcumin significantly decreased cell proliferation, which was associated with increased expression of the p21/CIP1 and p27/KIP1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and inhibited expression of cyclin D1.	Curcumin	27-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
24645745-7	2015	Despite the limitations, the results of the present meta-analysis suggested that, in the p21 Ser31Arg polymorphism, Ser-allele and Ser/Ser genotype might be risk factors for gastrointestinal tract tumor in Asian populations.	Serine	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
26420673-3	2015	Here we show that arginine methylation of KLF4 by PRMT5 inhibits KLF4 ubiquitylation by VHL and thereby reduces KLF4 turnover, resulting in the elevation of KLF4 protein levels concomitant with increased transcription of KLF4-dependent p21 and reduced expression of KLF4-repressed Bax.	Arginine	18-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
26317649-10	2015	Thus, we observed for the first time a differential effect of cancer versus non-cancer cells after treatment with SAHA and SBE13, which might be due to the dual role of p21.	SBE13	123-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
26378933-7	2015	Corroborating the clinical outcome of the patients, our data provides a potential explanation regarding the poor response of MM patients with del(8)(p21) to bortezomib treatment.	Bortezomib	157-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
26378933-2	2015	In this study, we aimed to identify the immunological and molecular consequences of del(8)(p21) with regards to treatment response and bortezomib resistance.	Bortezomib	135-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
26378933-8	2015	Furthermore, our clinical analysis suggests that including immunomodulatory agents such as Lenalidomide in the treatment regimen may help to overcome this negative effect, providing an alternative consideration in treatment planning of MM patients with del(8)(p21).	Lenalidomide	91-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	260-263
26378933-3	2015	In patients receiving bortezomib as a single first line agent without any high-dose therapy, we have observed that patients with del(8)(p21) responded poorly to bortezomib with 50% showing no response while patients without the deletion had a response rate of 90%.	Bortezomib	22-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
26378933-3	2015	In patients receiving bortezomib as a single first line agent without any high-dose therapy, we have observed that patients with del(8)(p21) responded poorly to bortezomib with 50% showing no response while patients without the deletion had a response rate of 90%.	Bortezomib	161-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
26299825-0	2015	Synthesis of 1,2-benzisoxazole tethered 1,2,3-triazoles that exhibit anticancer activity in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines by inhibiting histone deacetylases, and inducing p21 and tubulin acetylation.	1,2-benzisoxazole	13-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
26378933-4	2015	In vitro analysis revealed a higher resistance to bortezomib possibly due to an altered gene expression profile caused by del(8)(p21) including genes such as TRAIL-R4, CCDC25, RHOBTB2, PTK2B, SCARA3, MYC, BCL2 and TP53.	Bortezomib	50-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
26299825-0	2015	Synthesis of 1,2-benzisoxazole tethered 1,2,3-triazoles that exhibit anticancer activity in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines by inhibiting histone deacetylases, and inducing p21 and tubulin acetylation.	1,2,3-triazoles	40-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
26225749-5	2015	Treatment of MCF-7 cells with metformin or phenformin induced increase in p53 protein levels and the transcription of its downstream target genes, Bax and p21, in a dose-dependent manner.	Metformin	30-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
26091798-6	2015	The present study has examined activity and expression of 53 and its downstream target protein p21 upon acute or chronic exposure of BEAS-2B cells to arsenic and Cr(VI).	Arsenic	150-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
26091798-6	2015	The present study has examined activity and expression of 53 and its downstream target protein p21 upon acute or chronic exposure of BEAS-2B cells to arsenic and Cr(VI).	Chromium	162-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
26091798-7	2015	The results show that short-term exposure of BEAS-2B cells to arsenic or Cr(VI) was able to activate both p53 and p21.	Arsenic	62-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
26091798-7	2015	The results show that short-term exposure of BEAS-2B cells to arsenic or Cr(VI) was able to activate both p53 and p21.	chromium hexavalent ion	73-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
26225749-5	2015	Treatment of MCF-7 cells with metformin or phenformin induced increase in p53 protein levels and the transcription of its downstream target genes, Bax and p21, in a dose-dependent manner.	Phenformin	43-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
26405550-6	2015	Conversely, the interaction between the p53 and p21 polymorphisms significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.86; P&lt;0.05] for subjects carrying the p53 codon 72 arginine (Arg)/proline (Pro)+Pro/Pro and p21 C98A CA genotypes compared to the combined reference genotypes p53 codon 72 Arg/Arg and p21 C98A CC.	Arginine	247-255	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
26405550-6	2015	Conversely, the interaction between the p53 and p21 polymorphisms significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.86; P&lt;0.05] for subjects carrying the p53 codon 72 arginine (Arg)/proline (Pro)+Pro/Pro and p21 C98A CA genotypes compared to the combined reference genotypes p53 codon 72 Arg/Arg and p21 C98A CC.	Arginine	257-260	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
26405550-6	2015	Conversely, the interaction between the p53 and p21 polymorphisms significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.86; P&lt;0.05] for subjects carrying the p53 codon 72 arginine (Arg)/proline (Pro)+Pro/Pro and p21 C98A CA genotypes compared to the combined reference genotypes p53 codon 72 Arg/Arg and p21 C98A CC.	Proline	271-274	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
26405550-6	2015	Conversely, the interaction between the p53 and p21 polymorphisms significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.86; P&lt;0.05] for subjects carrying the p53 codon 72 arginine (Arg)/proline (Pro)+Pro/Pro and p21 C98A CA genotypes compared to the combined reference genotypes p53 codon 72 Arg/Arg and p21 C98A CC.	Proline	262-269	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
26405550-6	2015	Conversely, the interaction between the p53 and p21 polymorphisms significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.86; P&lt;0.05] for subjects carrying the p53 codon 72 arginine (Arg)/proline (Pro)+Pro/Pro and p21 C98A CA genotypes compared to the combined reference genotypes p53 codon 72 Arg/Arg and p21 C98A CC.	Proline	276-279	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
24665044-9	2015	A significantly higher number of senescent cells, over-expression of p53 and p21 were observed in the As-exposed individuals when compared to unexposed.	Arsenic	102-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
26405550-6	2015	Conversely, the interaction between the p53 and p21 polymorphisms significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.86; P&lt;0.05] for subjects carrying the p53 codon 72 arginine (Arg)/proline (Pro)+Pro/Pro and p21 C98A CA genotypes compared to the combined reference genotypes p53 codon 72 Arg/Arg and p21 C98A CC.	Proline	276-279	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
26405550-6	2015	Conversely, the interaction between the p53 and p21 polymorphisms significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.86; P&lt;0.05] for subjects carrying the p53 codon 72 arginine (Arg)/proline (Pro)+Pro/Pro and p21 C98A CA genotypes compared to the combined reference genotypes p53 codon 72 Arg/Arg and p21 C98A CC.	Arginine	368-371	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
26405550-6	2015	Conversely, the interaction between the p53 and p21 polymorphisms significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.86; P&lt;0.05] for subjects carrying the p53 codon 72 arginine (Arg)/proline (Pro)+Pro/Pro and p21 C98A CA genotypes compared to the combined reference genotypes p53 codon 72 Arg/Arg and p21 C98A CC.	Arginine	368-371	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
26194899-4	2015	In further experiments, p53 protein expression was increased, and H2AX phosphorylation and p21 protein expression were induced after treatment with 3EZ, 20Ac-ingenol.	3EZ	148-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
26194899-4	2015	In further experiments, p53 protein expression was increased, and H2AX phosphorylation and p21 protein expression were induced after treatment with 3EZ, 20Ac-ingenol.	20ac-ingenol	153-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
26713523-4	2015	The expression of cleaved poly-ADP-ribose polymerase(cleaved-PARP) and p21 protein was analyzed by Western-blotting when A549 cells were challenged with 2.5mumol/L SAHA and 5mumol/L lovastatin.	Vorinostat	164-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
26287184-4	2015	Methyl sartortuoate treatment led to reduced expression of cdc2 and up-regulated p21 and p53, suggesting that Methyl sartortuoate induced G2-M arrest through modulation of p53/p21/cdc2 pathways.	methyl sartortuoate	0-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
26713523-7	2015	Treatment with 2.5mumol/L SAHA significantly up-regulated the expression of p21 protein in 48 h, while the protein expression was reduced in combined treatment with 5mumol/L lovastatin.	Vorinostat	26-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
26713523-7	2015	Treatment with 2.5mumol/L SAHA significantly up-regulated the expression of p21 protein in 48 h, while the protein expression was reduced in combined treatment with 5mumol/L lovastatin.	Lovastatin	174-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
26713523-8	2015	CONCLUSION: Statins can synergize the anti-tumor effect of SAHA in human NSCLC cells through a p21-dependent way.	Vorinostat	59-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
26224795-10	2015	JQ1 treatment in PAH-PASMCs increased p21 expression, thus triggering cell cycle arrest.	pasmcs	21-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
26287184-4	2015	Methyl sartortuoate treatment led to reduced expression of cdc2 and up-regulated p21 and p53, suggesting that Methyl sartortuoate induced G2-M arrest through modulation of p53/p21/cdc2 pathways.	methyl sartortuoate	0-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
26287184-4	2015	Methyl sartortuoate treatment led to reduced expression of cdc2 and up-regulated p21 and p53, suggesting that Methyl sartortuoate induced G2-M arrest through modulation of p53/p21/cdc2 pathways.	methyl sartortuoate	110-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
26287184-4	2015	Methyl sartortuoate treatment led to reduced expression of cdc2 and up-regulated p21 and p53, suggesting that Methyl sartortuoate induced G2-M arrest through modulation of p53/p21/cdc2 pathways.	methyl sartortuoate	110-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
26148683-2	2015	The progressive substitution of the paramagnetic Co(2+) high spin ion by the diamagnetic Mg(2+), of about the same size, induces changes in the room temperature crystal structure, from a distorted P2(1)/n phase for the undoped Sr(2)CoTeO(6) oxide to the I4/m of the end member (Sr(2)MgTeO(6)).	Cobalt(2+)	49-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-202
26148683-2	2015	The progressive substitution of the paramagnetic Co(2+) high spin ion by the diamagnetic Mg(2+), of about the same size, induces changes in the room temperature crystal structure, from a distorted P2(1)/n phase for the undoped Sr(2)CoTeO(6) oxide to the I4/m of the end member (Sr(2)MgTeO(6)).	magnesium ion	89-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-202
26162681-7	2015	Downstream events, measured by time-series reverse-phase protein microarrays, high-content imaging, and flow cytometry, showed a dramatic increase in mitochondrially produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent DNA damage with up-regulation of ATM, p53, and p21 proteins.	Reactive Oxygen Species	175-198	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	267-270
25441423-5	2015	The protein expressions of p21 were significantly increased by the co-treatment of EGCG and curcumin, whereas it was not changed by the treatment with each individual compound.	epigallocatechin gallate	83-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
25441423-5	2015	The protein expressions of p21 were significantly increased by the co-treatment of EGCG and curcumin, whereas it was not changed by the treatment with each individual compound.	Curcumin	92-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
25441423-7	2015	These results suggest that the enhanced inhibitory effect of EGCG on PC3 cell proliferation by curcumin was mediated by the synergic up-regulation of p21-induced growth arrest and followed cell growth arrest.	epigallocatechin gallate	61-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
25441423-7	2015	These results suggest that the enhanced inhibitory effect of EGCG on PC3 cell proliferation by curcumin was mediated by the synergic up-regulation of p21-induced growth arrest and followed cell growth arrest.	Curcumin	95-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
26043725-15	2015	Butyrate increased levels of cyclin D1, p21 and PARP p86, but decreased Bcl-XL and survivin levels.	Butyrates	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
26043725-18	2015	ALCAR independently induced a 20% decrease in p21.	Acetylcarnitine	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
25979648-6	2015	The anticancer effect of delta-T3 was achieved by its up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p21 and p27), the activation of caspases and the suppression of phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) at Thr(308) and Ser(473).	delta-t3	25-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
26154989-3	2015	The structure of Ba2V(VO4)2(OH) is monoclinic in space group P21/m, a = 7.8783(2) A, b = 6.1369(1) A, c = 9.1836(2) A, beta = 113.07(3) , V = 408.51(2) A(3).	ba2v	17-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
26162681-7	2015	Downstream events, measured by time-series reverse-phase protein microarrays, high-content imaging, and flow cytometry, showed a dramatic increase in mitochondrially produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent DNA damage with up-regulation of ATM, p53, and p21 proteins.	Reactive Oxygen Species	200-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	267-270
26062558-8	2015	Moreover, inhibition of miR-92a could significantly suppress HCC growth in vitro and in vivo by upregulating p21.	mir-92a	24-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
25813178-1	2015	beta-Alaninium tetrafluoroborate crystallizes in the monoclinic system (space group P21/n, Z=4).	beta-alaninium tetrafluoroborate	0-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
25232917-9	2015	P53/p21 combination had a better median OS and disease-free survival (DFS) of 12.1 and 13.7 months for wild type cases (GG + Ser/ser) and 20.3 and 20.7 months for patients with either variant genes (GC + Ser/arg) compared with 1.1 and 1.9 months for patients with both variant genes (CC + arg/arg), (P = 0.037 and 0.004).	Serine	125-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
25860284-2	2015	We have previously reported that the combination of the EGFR-TKI erlotinib and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exhibited synergistic chemopreventive effects in head and neck cancers by inducing the expression of Bim, p21, p27, and by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT and expression of Bcl-2.	epigallocatechin gallate	107-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	219-222
25860284-2	2015	We have previously reported that the combination of the EGFR-TKI erlotinib and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exhibited synergistic chemopreventive effects in head and neck cancers by inducing the expression of Bim, p21, p27, and by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT and expression of Bcl-2.	Erlotinib Hydrochloride	65-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	219-222
25860284-2	2015	We have previously reported that the combination of the EGFR-TKI erlotinib and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exhibited synergistic chemopreventive effects in head and neck cancers by inducing the expression of Bim, p21, p27, and by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT and expression of Bcl-2.	epigallocatechin gallate	79-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	219-222
25232917-9	2015	P53/p21 combination had a better median OS and disease-free survival (DFS) of 12.1 and 13.7 months for wild type cases (GG + Ser/ser) and 20.3 and 20.7 months for patients with either variant genes (GC + Ser/arg) compared with 1.1 and 1.9 months for patients with both variant genes (CC + arg/arg), (P = 0.037 and 0.004).	Serine	129-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
26003431-2	2015	SUMMARY ANSWER: Neddylation inhibition by a selective NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, MLN4924, significantly impairs human endometrial stromal cell (HESC) proliferation and decidualization and facilitates cell senescence, via p21 accumulation.	pevonedistat	89-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
25232917-9	2015	P53/p21 combination had a better median OS and disease-free survival (DFS) of 12.1 and 13.7 months for wild type cases (GG + Ser/ser) and 20.3 and 20.7 months for patients with either variant genes (GC + Ser/arg) compared with 1.1 and 1.9 months for patients with both variant genes (CC + arg/arg), (P = 0.037 and 0.004).	Serine	204-207	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
25232917-9	2015	P53/p21 combination had a better median OS and disease-free survival (DFS) of 12.1 and 13.7 months for wild type cases (GG + Ser/ser) and 20.3 and 20.7 months for patients with either variant genes (GC + Ser/arg) compared with 1.1 and 1.9 months for patients with both variant genes (CC + arg/arg), (P = 0.037 and 0.004).	Arginine	208-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
25232917-9	2015	P53/p21 combination had a better median OS and disease-free survival (DFS) of 12.1 and 13.7 months for wild type cases (GG + Ser/ser) and 20.3 and 20.7 months for patients with either variant genes (GC + Ser/arg) compared with 1.1 and 1.9 months for patients with both variant genes (CC + arg/arg), (P = 0.037 and 0.004).	Arginine	289-292	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
25232917-9	2015	P53/p21 combination had a better median OS and disease-free survival (DFS) of 12.1 and 13.7 months for wild type cases (GG + Ser/ser) and 20.3 and 20.7 months for patients with either variant genes (GC + Ser/arg) compared with 1.1 and 1.9 months for patients with both variant genes (CC + arg/arg), (P = 0.037 and 0.004).	Arginine	289-292	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
25382668-5	2015	In addition, TCDD altered the expression of senescence marker proteins, such as p16, p21 and GFAP, which together have been reported to be upregulated in aging astrocytes, in both dose- and time-dependent manners.	Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
26100134-9	2015	Furthermore, EGCG reduced the mRNA levels of various cell cycle-related genes, while increasing the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 and the apoptosis-related death receptor 5 (p &lt; 0.05).	epigallocatechin gallate	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
26132569-4	2015	Treatment of the human SW480 cancer cells with Echinacoside resulted in marked apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, together with a significant increase in active caspase 3 and cleaved PARP, and upregulation of the G1/S-CDK blocker CDKN1B (p21).	echinacoside	47-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
25623228-1	2015	The perovskite polymorph of Mn(2)CrSbO(6) compound has been synthesized at 8 GPa and 1473 K. It crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/n space group with cell parameters a = 5.2180 (2) A, b = 5.3710(2) A, c = 7.5874(1) A and beta = 90.36(1) .	mn(2)crsbo	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
26096298-3	2015	The superconducting critical temperature Tc values of I4/mmm, Cmma, and P21/m are 47-193 mK, 5.99-8.16 K and 10.62-12.8 K at 1 atm, 180 and 260 GPa, respectively.	Technetium	41-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
25623228-1	2015	The perovskite polymorph of Mn(2)CrSbO(6) compound has been synthesized at 8 GPa and 1473 K. It crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/n space group with cell parameters a = 5.2180 (2) A, b = 5.3710(2) A, c = 7.5874(1) A and beta = 90.36(1) .	perovskite	4-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
25714087-5	2015	Results show that chabamide inhibited the growth of K562/ADR cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, and significantly inhibited cell proliferation by cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, which was associated with an obvious increase in p21 and decrease in cyclin D1 and CDK2/4/6 protein expression.	chabamide	18-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	251-254
25972089-5	2015	As p21 is one of the few PIP-box sequences to contain a tyrosine rather than a phenylalanine in the eighth conserved position, we probed the significance of the hydroxyl group at this position using a mutational approach.	Tyrosine	56-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	3-6
25972089-5	2015	As p21 is one of the few PIP-box sequences to contain a tyrosine rather than a phenylalanine in the eighth conserved position, we probed the significance of the hydroxyl group at this position using a mutational approach.	Phenylalanine	79-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	3-6
26047480-9	2015	EADs is postulated to induce cell cycle arrest that is p53- and p21-dependent based on the upregulated expression of p53 and p21 (P&lt;0.05).	eads	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
26047480-9	2015	EADs is postulated to induce cell cycle arrest that is p53- and p21-dependent based on the upregulated expression of p53 and p21 (P&lt;0.05).	eads	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
26279892-1	2015	A new polymorph of the title compound 2-(eta-C5H5)-2,1,7-closo-CoC2B9H11, [Co(C5H5)(C2H11B9)], in the space group P21/n has been characterized, including the unambiguous location of both cage C atoms.	2-(eta-c5h5)-	38-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
26279892-1	2015	A new polymorph of the title compound 2-(eta-C5H5)-2,1,7-closo-CoC2B9H11, [Co(C5H5)(C2H11B9)], in the space group P21/n has been characterized, including the unambiguous location of both cage C atoms.	2,1,7-closo-coc2b9h11	51-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
26011150-3	2015	The reaction of Na2PdCl6 with neat SO3 afforded yellow crystals of Na2Pd(S4O13)2 (monoclinic, P21/c, a = 6.9953(4) A, b = 15.9420(9) A, c = 9.2299(5) A, beta = 100.235(2) , V = 1012.45(1) A3).	na2pdcl6	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-99
26011150-3	2015	The reaction of Na2PdCl6 with neat SO3 afforded yellow crystals of Na2Pd(S4O13)2 (monoclinic, P21/c, a = 6.9953(4) A, b = 15.9420(9) A, c = 9.2299(5) A, beta = 100.235(2) , V = 1012.45(1) A3).	sulfur trioxide	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-99
26011150-3	2015	The reaction of Na2PdCl6 with neat SO3 afforded yellow crystals of Na2Pd(S4O13)2 (monoclinic, P21/c, a = 6.9953(4) A, b = 15.9420(9) A, c = 9.2299(5) A, beta = 100.235(2) , V = 1012.45(1) A3).	na2pd(s4o13)2	67-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-99
26166660-0	2015	Apigenin inhibits indoxyl sulfate-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and anti-proliferative pathways, CHOP and IL-6/p21, in human renal proximal tubular cells.	Indican	18-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
26166660-11	2015	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that apigenin may inhibit IS-induced ER stress and expression of IL-6 and p21 proteins in HK-2 cells.	Apigenin	40-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
26166660-11	2015	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that apigenin may inhibit IS-induced ER stress and expression of IL-6 and p21 proteins in HK-2 cells.	Indican	61-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
26166660-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: Indoxyl sulfate (IS) has been reported to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in tubular cells and to inhibit the cell proliferation via ER stress and ERK/IL-6/p21 pathways.	Indican	11-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
26166660-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: Indoxyl sulfate (IS) has been reported to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in tubular cells and to inhibit the cell proliferation via ER stress and ERK/IL-6/p21 pathways.	Indican	28-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
26059034-9	2015	Our main finding was that compared to CONTROL, arousal latency to hypoxia is increased in ETOH pups at P15 and P21, and the concentration of brainstem GABA is elevated at P21.	gamma-Aminobutyric Acid	151-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
26151043-6	2015	Notably, esculetin modulated Sp1 downstream target genes including p27, p21 and cyclin D1, resulted in activation of apoptosis signaling molecules such as caspase-3 and PARP in G361 HMM cells.	esculetin	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
26117010-8	2015	Also, the expression of BCL-2 and survivin significantly decreased, while the expression of BAX, P21 and P27 was significantly upregulated in HL-60 cells after being treated with 5.0 micromol/L As2O3.	Arsenic Trioxide	194-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
25917058-3	2015	Synthesized silver sulfide nanopowders have a monoclinic (space group P21/c) acanthite-type structure but the occupancy of the metal sublattice sites by Ag atoms is smaller than 1.	silver sulfide	12-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-75
26025442-7	2015	RESULTS: We report that Bz-surviving MM cells in vitro and in vivo enter quiescence characterized by p21(CIP1) upregulation.	Bortezomib	24-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
26025442-14	2015	CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that Bz-surviving MM cells display a GRP78(HIGH)/p21(HIGH)/CDK6(LOW)/P-Rb(LOW) profile, and these markers may identify quiescent MM cells capable of fueling recurrences.	Bortezomib	30-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
26038719-12	2015	SAHA alone showed increased expression of p21, while ATO alone and in combination with SAHA showed no significant change.	Vorinostat	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
25797115-0	2015	Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by betulinic acid-rich fraction from Dillenia suffruticosa root in MCF-7 cells involved p53/p21 and mitochondrial signalling pathway.	betulinic acid	48-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
26090138-4	2015	CsCrAs2O7 is isotypic with the monoclinic A (I) M (III) X 2O7 (A (I) = alkali metal; M (III) = Al, Cr, Fe; X = As, P) type I family of compounds crystallizing in the space group P21/c.	Chromium	2-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-183
26090138-4	2015	CsCrAs2O7 is isotypic with the monoclinic A (I) M (III) X 2O7 (A (I) = alkali metal; M (III) = Al, Cr, Fe; X = As, P) type I family of compounds crystallizing in the space group P21/c.	Arsenic	4-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-183
26221255-10	2015	Moreover, p53, p21 and Bax/Bcl-2 were significantly upregulated by honokiol treatment.	honokiol	67-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
28962410-0	2015	Occupational health hazards of trichloroethylene among workers in relation to altered mRNA expression of cell cycle regulating genes (p53, p21, bax and bcl-2) and PPARA.	Trichloroethylene	31-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
25521075-0	2015	Synergistic anti-tumour effects of tetrandrine and chloroquine combination therapy in human cancer: a potential antagonistic role for p21.	tetrandrine	35-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
25710892-2	2015	l-Methioninium picrate crystallizes in the monoclinic system (space group P21, Z=2).	l-methioninium picrate	0-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
25748550-4	2015	Treatment with TVX caused cell cycle arrest, enhanced expression of p21 and impaired proliferation, but cell death only occurred after cotreatment with TVX and TNF.	trovafloxacin	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
25521075-10	2015	Lack of p21 protein (p21(-/-) HCT116 cells) increased sensitivity to the apoptotic effects of the combination of tetrandrine and chloroquine.	tetrandrine	113-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
25521075-10	2015	Lack of p21 protein (p21(-/-) HCT116 cells) increased sensitivity to the apoptotic effects of the combination of tetrandrine and chloroquine.	tetrandrine	113-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
25521075-10	2015	Lack of p21 protein (p21(-/-) HCT116 cells) increased sensitivity to the apoptotic effects of the combination of tetrandrine and chloroquine.	Chloroquine	129-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
25521075-10	2015	Lack of p21 protein (p21(-/-) HCT116 cells) increased sensitivity to the apoptotic effects of the combination of tetrandrine and chloroquine.	Chloroquine	129-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
25906041-5	2015	EA caused a slight, but significant cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, and urolithins caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and upregulated p21 expression.	urolithins	75-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
25683911-2	2015	Treatment of p53 wild-type melanoma cells with the genotoxic agent doxorubicin induces G2-M arrest, inhibitory phosphorylation of cell cycle kinase Cdc2 (CDK1) and enhanced expression of p53/p21.	Doxorubicin	67-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
25683911-10	2015	Moreover, knockdown of p21 dramatically reduces stress-induced G0-G1 arrest under doxorubicin and Chk1 inhibitor treatment accompanied by massive DNA damage and apoptosis induction.	Doxorubicin	82-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
25652782-2	2015	The structure analysis reveals that the copper(II) complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 /c, and the copper(II) ion has a distorted square pyramidal coordination geometry.	cupric ion	40-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
25583641-7	2015	Further, the expression of two important cell cycle inhibitory proteins, p21 and p53, in the curcumin- and culture medium-treated cells without curcumin was evaluated by intracellular flow cytometry.	Curcumin	93-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
25583641-10	2015	Flow cytometry analysis showed a twofold increase in the expression of both p21 and p53 in curcumin-treated cells as compared to the medium-treated cells, suggesting that curcumin inhibits EPC growth by mainly inhibiting the G1 to S phase transition in the cell cycle.	Curcumin	91-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
25583641-10	2015	Flow cytometry analysis showed a twofold increase in the expression of both p21 and p53 in curcumin-treated cells as compared to the medium-treated cells, suggesting that curcumin inhibits EPC growth by mainly inhibiting the G1 to S phase transition in the cell cycle.	Curcumin	171-179	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
25776829-7	2015	In addition, quercetin aglycone and PAC DP-9 deactivated MAPK-ERK pathway, induced downregulation of cyclin D1, DNA-PK, phospho-histone H3 and upregulation of p21, and arrested cell cycle progression.	quercetin aglycone	13-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
25652782-2	2015	The structure analysis reveals that the copper(II) complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 /c, and the copper(II) ion has a distorted square pyramidal coordination geometry.	cupric ion	118-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
26109778-0	2015	Anti-lung cancer potential of pure esteric-glycoside condurangogenin A against nonsmall-cell lung cancer cells in vitro via p21/p53 mediated cell cycle modulation and DNA damage-induced apoptosis.	esteric-glycoside	35-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
26113875-6	2015	Moreover, a novel pathway, p21/HIF-1alpha/VEGF, was found to be involved in the inhibitory effect of myricetin on angiogenesis in OVCAR-3 cells.	myricetin	101-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
26131123-9	2015	P53 and p21 were significantly upregulated by honokiol treatment.	honokiol	46-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
25720435-3	2015	In the present study, our results showed that shikonin significantly inhibited the growth of A431 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and caused cell cycle arrest by upregulation of p21 and p27, and downregulation of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases.	shikonin	46-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
25940539-8	2015	The anticancer effect of CUDC-101 was associated with increased expression of p21 and E-cadherin, and reduced expression of survivin, XIAP, beta-catenin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin.	7-(4-(3-ethynylphenylamino)-7-methoxyquinazolin-6-yloxy)-N-hydroxyheptanamide	25-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
26015807-11	2015	It also revealed overexpression of the ATM/p53/p21 pathway, which is activated in response to DNA damage and induces cell cycle arrest in thiopurine resistant LCLs.	2-mercaptopyrazine	138-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
25879533-6	2015	Interestingly, in intermittent high glucose, this effect was more pronounced as well as increase of p21 and p16INK4a , senescence related proteins with DNA damage.	Glucose	36-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
25925725-8	2015	p21 overexpression significantly downregulated glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase antioxidant activity (p&lt;0.05) while significantly upregulating hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde content (p&lt;0.05), suggesting a role in decreasing antioxidant defense capabilities in UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.	Hydrogen Peroxide	161-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
25925725-8	2015	p21 overexpression significantly downregulated glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase antioxidant activity (p&lt;0.05) while significantly upregulating hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde content (p&lt;0.05), suggesting a role in decreasing antioxidant defense capabilities in UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.	Malondialdehyde	183-198	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
25914461-8	2015	Alternol activated caspase 3, upregulated p53 and p21 expression, and downregulated Bcl-2 expression in a dose-dependent manner.	Alternol	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
25960215-5	2015	Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-194 could reduce the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/FoxO3a signaling pathway by suppressing acylglycerol kinase (AGK) directly, resulting in decreasing cyclin D1 expression and increasing expression of p21 in OSCC.	mir-194	34-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	246-249
25995861-1	2015	The title compound, C11H13NO6, shows two polymorphs, orange and yellow forms, both of which crystallize in the space group P21/c.	c11h13no6	20-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-128
25897210-12	2015	Treatment of CQ and NQ repressed expression of cyclin D1 but enhanced expression of p21.	Clioquinol	13-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
25897210-12	2015	Treatment of CQ and NQ repressed expression of cyclin D1 but enhanced expression of p21.	nq	20-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
25751281-5	2015	In temozolomide-resistant GBM cells, decitabine can potentiate the cytotoxic DNA alkylation by counteracting cytosine methylation and reactivating tumor suppressor genes, such as p53 and p21.	Decitabine	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
25597952-5	2015	Statistically significant proportional tissue increases in the vitamin D group relative to the placebo group were found in bax (51%), p21 (141%), APC (48%), E-cadherin (78%), MSH2 (179%), the CaSR (39%), and CYP27B1 (159%).	Vitamin D	63-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
25501628-5	2015	SBHA-treated MCF-7 cells showed G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest, coupled with elevated expression levels of p21 and p27 proteins.	suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
25501628-9	2015	In conclusion, these results indicate that SBHA exerts cytotoxic effects against human breast cancer cells, which involves the modulation of p21, p27 and Bcl-2 family proteins, consequently leading to cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis.	suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid	43-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
25776512-9	2015	Moreover, Western blotting analysis showed that apoptosis induced by RSV-GNPs is associated with the increased Bax, p53, p21, caspase-3 protein levels, and decreased Bcl-2 and NF-kappaB proteins expression, which indicates the involvement of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in the anticancer efficacy of RSV-GNPs in NCI-H460 cells.	Resveratrol	69-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
25786122-7	2015	Expression of downstream effectors of TGF-beta signaling pathway, cyclinD1, p21 and Pin1, was inhibited along with the down regulation of key mesenchymal markers (Snail and Slug) upon curcumin and emodin treatment.	Curcumin	184-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
25886177-11	2015	The cyproheptadine-induced G1 arrest in HepG2 cells was associated with an increased expression of HBP1 and p16, whereas the G1/S arrest in Huh-7 cells was associated with an increase in p21 and p27 expression and a dramatic decrease in the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein.	Cyproheptadine	4-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
26101699-9	2015	Furthermore, mogrol enhanced p21 expression, resulting in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.	MOGROL	13-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
26101701-6	2015	SAHA and GDC-0449 cooperatively enhanced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest which was associated with up-regulation of p21(waf).	Vorinostat	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
26101701-6	2015	SAHA and GDC-0449 cooperatively enhanced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest which was associated with up-regulation of p21(waf).	HhAntag691	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
25776512-11	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, the results of our study clearly suggested that the cell death induced by the combination of RSV-GNPs would involve alteration in expression of p53, p21, caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2 and NF-kappaB, indicating oxidative mechanism in NCI-H460 cells.	Resveratrol	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
25948203-4	2015	Chidamide induced cell cycle arrest of RPMI 8226 cells in G0/G1 phase by upregulating the expression of P21.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
25948203-4	2015	Chidamide induced cell cycle arrest of RPMI 8226 cells in G0/G1 phase by upregulating the expression of P21.	rpmi	39-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
25785443-9	2015	Sucrose gradient fractionation revealed that co-expression of p21.5 resulted in a spread distribution pattern of core proteins ranging from low to high sucrose densities.	Sucrose	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
25785443-9	2015	Sucrose gradient fractionation revealed that co-expression of p21.5 resulted in a spread distribution pattern of core proteins ranging from low to high sucrose densities.	Sucrose	152-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
25747583-7	2015	Mechanistically, SD-208-induced G2/M arrest was accompanied by an increase in levels of p21 in DU145 and PC3 cells as well as elevated phosphorylation of Cdc2 and Cdc25C in DU145 cells.	SD-208	17-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
25595558-7	2015	Consistent with this observation in SK-MEL28 cells, Sp1 was necessary for the tamoxifen-regulated  Raf-1:ER to induce p21(CIP1) transcription in U251 cells, in which TP53 is mutated.	Tamoxifen	78-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
25573651-5	2015	Western blot analysis indicated that GA mediated G1-phase cell cycle arrest by upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) (p18, p16, p27 and p21) and inhibition of cyclins (cyclin-D1, -D3 and -E) and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) (CDK4, 6 and 2).	Glycyrrhetinic Acid	37-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
25682003-9	2015	The expressions of genes related with G1/S transition of cell cycle and metastasis were increased by DHT, TCS, and BP-1, while the expression of p21 protein responsible for cell cycle arrest was reduced by DHT, TCS, and BP-1.	Dihydrotestosterone	206-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
25682003-9	2015	The expressions of genes related with G1/S transition of cell cycle and metastasis were increased by DHT, TCS, and BP-1, while the expression of p21 protein responsible for cell cycle arrest was reduced by DHT, TCS, and BP-1.	Triclosan	211-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
26045752-9	2015	Our results also showed that miR-196a mimic accelerated cell cycle progression of MG63 and U2OS cells by down regulation of p21 and p27, and upregulation of cyclin D1.	mir-196a	29-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
25345581-0	2015	Hesperetin inhibit adipocyte differentiation and enhance Bax- and p21-mediated adipolysis in human mesenchymal stem cell adipogenesis.	hesperetin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
25345581-4	2015	The treatment with hesperetin decreased the expression of resistin, adiponectin, aP2, LPL, PPAR-gamma, and TNF-alpha in Groups 1 and 2, whereas a significant increase was observed in Bcl, Bax, and p21 expression in Group 2 compared to untreated preadipocytes.	hesperetin	19-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
25639717-3	2015	In addition, activation of p53 via phosphorylation at Ser15 and subsequent up-regulation of p21(CIP1) showed that CR389 also induces p53-dependent-p21(CIP1)-mediated cell cycle arrest.	cr389	114-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
25639717-3	2015	In addition, activation of p53 via phosphorylation at Ser15 and subsequent up-regulation of p21(CIP1) showed that CR389 also induces p53-dependent-p21(CIP1)-mediated cell cycle arrest.	cr389	114-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
25381309-0	2015	Zinc oxide nanoparticles affect the expression of p53, Ras p21 and JNKs: an ex vivo/in vitro exposure study in respiratory disease patients.	Zinc Oxide	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
25738367-7	2015	Subsequently, miR-15/16 activities are reduced and many of their direct targets are de-repressed, including ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 that destabilizes Cyclin E. Conversely, GBM cells expressing low p21 level, or after p21 knock-down, exhibit weaker or no E2F1 response to miR-10b inhibition.	mir-15	14-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
25530218-0	2015	Nitidine chloride induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through a pathway involving p53, p21, Bax and Bcl-2.	nitidine	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
25407160-10	2015	In addition, TUDCA decreased cellular senescence by reducing levels of p53, p21, and reactive oxygen species and increased nitric oxide.	ursodoxicoltaurine	13-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
25490952-10	2015	Furthermore, Cd-induced superoxide and lipid peroxidation mediated activation of proapoptotic markers p21 and p53 in the developing embryo.	Cadmium	13-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
25490952-10	2015	Furthermore, Cd-induced superoxide and lipid peroxidation mediated activation of proapoptotic markers p21 and p53 in the developing embryo.	Superoxides	24-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
25371069-6	2015	Simultaneously, p21 and ATF3 expression levels were upregulated and downregulated upon TSA stimulation, respectively.	trichostatin A	87-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
25371069-10	2015	Collectively, these data demonstrate that ATF3 acts as an essential negative regulator of TSA-induced cell growth inhibition through interfering with TSA-induced p21 activation.	trichostatin A	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
25371069-10	2015	Collectively, these data demonstrate that ATF3 acts as an essential negative regulator of TSA-induced cell growth inhibition through interfering with TSA-induced p21 activation.	trichostatin A	150-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
25544776-0	2015	The anti-leukemic activity of sodium dichloroacetate in p53mutated/null cells is mediated by a p53-independent ILF3/p21 pathway.	Dichloroacetic Acid	30-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
25723170-7	2015	Rather, TGF-beta transcriptionally activates p21, which stabilizes NRF2, thereby markedly enhancing glutathione metabolism and diminishing effectiveness of anti-cancer therapeutics.	Glutathione	100-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
25567764-1	2015	We report in this work that the Abeta peptide directly interacts with tubulin close to the vinblastine and GTP/GDP binding site, inhibits the tubulin polymerization rate, induces tubulin aggregation, causes cell shrinking, enhances Mad2, BubR1, p53, and p21 activation in MCF7 cells and induces the apoptotic death of A549, HeLa and MCF7 cells.	Vinblastine	91-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
25567764-1	2015	We report in this work that the Abeta peptide directly interacts with tubulin close to the vinblastine and GTP/GDP binding site, inhibits the tubulin polymerization rate, induces tubulin aggregation, causes cell shrinking, enhances Mad2, BubR1, p53, and p21 activation in MCF7 cells and induces the apoptotic death of A549, HeLa and MCF7 cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
25567764-1	2015	We report in this work that the Abeta peptide directly interacts with tubulin close to the vinblastine and GTP/GDP binding site, inhibits the tubulin polymerization rate, induces tubulin aggregation, causes cell shrinking, enhances Mad2, BubR1, p53, and p21 activation in MCF7 cells and induces the apoptotic death of A549, HeLa and MCF7 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
25719742-9	2015	Moreover, boldine induced apoptosis concomitantly with increasing the expression of bax/bcl2 (p &lt; 0.02) and p21 (p &lt; 0.01) genes.	boldine	10-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
25544776-5	2015	By using a proteomic approach, we demonstrated that DCA up-regulated the ILF3 transcription factor, which is a known regulator of p21 expression.	Dichloroacetic Acid	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
25544776-6	2015	The role of the ILF3/p21 axis in mediating the DCA anti-leukemic activity was underscored by knocking-down experiments.	Dichloroacetic Acid	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
25544776-7	2015	Indeed, transfection with ILF3 and p21 siRNAs significantly decreased both the DCA-induced p21 expression and the DCA-mediated cytotoxicity.	Dichloroacetic Acid	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
25544776-7	2015	Indeed, transfection with ILF3 and p21 siRNAs significantly decreased both the DCA-induced p21 expression and the DCA-mediated cytotoxicity.	Dichloroacetic Acid	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
25544776-7	2015	Indeed, transfection with ILF3 and p21 siRNAs significantly decreased both the DCA-induced p21 expression and the DCA-mediated cytotoxicity.	Dichloroacetic Acid	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
25445786-6	2015	SIRT7 overexpressing cells when treated with low dose of doxorubicin (0.25 microM) showed delayed onset of senescence, lesser accumulation of DNA damage marker gammaH2AX and lowered levels of growth arrest markers viz., p53 and p21 when compared to doxorubicin treated control GFP expressing cells.	Doxorubicin	57-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
25242579-8	2015	Deguelin induced differentiation of OCI-AML3 cells at a nontoxic concentration which was associated with a decrease in expression of activated caspase-8, p53, p21, and the 30-kD form of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha), whereas no effects were found in OCIM2 cells expressing NPM-wt.	deguelin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
25523931-4	2015	Ba6Ga2SnSe11 crystallizes in a new structure type in the monoclinic centrosymmetric space group P21/c.	ba6ga2snse11	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-101
25434486-8	2015	Diosgenin inhibited Akt phosphorylation and upregulated p21 and p27 expression, but did not alter the expression of p53, suggesting diosgenin-induced upregulation of p21 and p57 is p53-independent in HCC cells.	Diosgenin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
25434486-8	2015	Diosgenin inhibited Akt phosphorylation and upregulated p21 and p27 expression, but did not alter the expression of p53, suggesting diosgenin-induced upregulation of p21 and p57 is p53-independent in HCC cells.	Diosgenin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
25434486-8	2015	Diosgenin inhibited Akt phosphorylation and upregulated p21 and p27 expression, but did not alter the expression of p53, suggesting diosgenin-induced upregulation of p21 and p57 is p53-independent in HCC cells.	Diosgenin	132-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
25434486-8	2015	Diosgenin inhibited Akt phosphorylation and upregulated p21 and p27 expression, but did not alter the expression of p53, suggesting diosgenin-induced upregulation of p21 and p57 is p53-independent in HCC cells.	Diosgenin	132-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
25615717-7	2015	Moreover, low oxygen tension significantly up-regulated VEGF and bFGF mRNA expression and protein secretion while reducing the expression level of tumour suppressor genes p16, p21, p53, and pRb.	Oxygen	14-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
25305450-6	2015	Western blot showed that metformin activated caspase 3, caspase 9, PARP-1, Bak, and p21 and inactivated Mcl-1, HIAP-1, cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6.	Metformin	25-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
25092068-8	2015	Delivered cisplatin cooperated with piroxicam in modulating cell cycle regulators as caspase-3, p53 and p21.	Cisplatin	10-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
25092068-8	2015	Delivered cisplatin cooperated with piroxicam in modulating cell cycle regulators as caspase-3, p53 and p21.	Piroxicam	36-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
25625511-9	2015	Treatment with EGCG was found to elevate the expression of p53 and p21, and eventually led to apoptosis of NPC cells via caspase 3 activation.	epigallocatechin gallate	15-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
26477797-0	2015	Chloroform Extract of Solanum lyratum Induced G0/G1 Arrest via p21/p16 and Induced Apoptosis via Reactive Oxygen Species, Caspases and Mitochondrial Pathways in Human Oral Cancer Cell Lines.	Chloroform	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
25431333-1	2015	The oxidation of elemental palladium at 100  C in a mixture of fuming nitric acid and a pyridine-SO3 complex leads to the anhydrous nitrate Pd(NO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=469.12(3) pm, b=593.89(3) pm, c=805.72(4) pm, beta=105.989(3) , V=215.79(2) A(3)).	Palladium	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-167
25431333-1	2015	The oxidation of elemental palladium at 100  C in a mixture of fuming nitric acid and a pyridine-SO3 complex leads to the anhydrous nitrate Pd(NO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=469.12(3) pm, b=593.89(3) pm, c=805.72(4) pm, beta=105.989(3) , V=215.79(2) A(3)).	Nitric Acid	70-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-167
25431333-1	2015	The oxidation of elemental palladium at 100  C in a mixture of fuming nitric acid and a pyridine-SO3 complex leads to the anhydrous nitrate Pd(NO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=469.12(3) pm, b=593.89(3) pm, c=805.72(4) pm, beta=105.989(3) , V=215.79(2) A(3)).	pyridine-so3	88-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-167
25431333-1	2015	The oxidation of elemental palladium at 100  C in a mixture of fuming nitric acid and a pyridine-SO3 complex leads to the anhydrous nitrate Pd(NO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=469.12(3) pm, b=593.89(3) pm, c=805.72(4) pm, beta=105.989(3) , V=215.79(2) A(3)).	Nitrates	132-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-167
25431333-1	2015	The oxidation of elemental palladium at 100  C in a mixture of fuming nitric acid and a pyridine-SO3 complex leads to the anhydrous nitrate Pd(NO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=469.12(3) pm, b=593.89(3) pm, c=805.72(4) pm, beta=105.989(3) , V=215.79(2) A(3)).	pd(no3)2	140-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-167
25431333-3	2015	The reaction of elemental palladium with a mixture of fuming nitric acid and methanesulfonic acid at 120  C leads to single crystals of Pd(CH3SO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=480.44(1) pm, b=1085.53(3) pm, c=739.78(2) pm, beta=102.785(1) , V=376.254(17) A(3)).	Palladium	26-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-166
25431333-3	2015	The reaction of elemental palladium with a mixture of fuming nitric acid and methanesulfonic acid at 120  C leads to single crystals of Pd(CH3SO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=480.44(1) pm, b=1085.53(3) pm, c=739.78(2) pm, beta=102.785(1) , V=376.254(17) A(3)).	Nitric Acid	61-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-166
25431333-3	2015	The reaction of elemental palladium with a mixture of fuming nitric acid and methanesulfonic acid at 120  C leads to single crystals of Pd(CH3SO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=480.44(1) pm, b=1085.53(3) pm, c=739.78(2) pm, beta=102.785(1) , V=376.254(17) A(3)).	methanesulfonic acid	77-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-166
25431333-3	2015	The reaction of elemental palladium with a mixture of fuming nitric acid and methanesulfonic acid at 120  C leads to single crystals of Pd(CH3SO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=480.44(1) pm, b=1085.53(3) pm, c=739.78(2) pm, beta=102.785(1) , V=376.254(17) A(3)).	pd(ch3so3)2	136-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-166
25625122-10	2015	The drop in PR expression together with altered distribution of p21 and p27 can explain different effects of cyclin E isoforms expression on progesterone responsivity.	Progesterone	141-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
26085404-1	2015	Three new crystal forms of a mononuclear cobalt(II) chloride with 3-pyridinemethanol (3PM), CoCl2(3PM)4, have been prepared: triclinic (P1) and monoclinic (P21/c) polymorphs and its dihydrate which crystallises in the triclinic P1 space group.	cobaltous chloride	41-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-161
24993871-4	2015	(-)-Loliolide diminished senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity (SA-beta-gal), the level of p21 protein, and the level of reactive oxygen species in senescent cells induced by adriamycin treatment.	loliolide	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
24993871-4	2015	(-)-Loliolide diminished senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity (SA-beta-gal), the level of p21 protein, and the level of reactive oxygen species in senescent cells induced by adriamycin treatment.	Doxorubicin	187-197	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
26379747-10	2015	In conclusion, we for the first time demonstrated that hinokitiol upregulates p21 expression and attenuates IFN-gamma secretion in ConA-stimulated T lymphocytes, thereby arresting cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase.	beta-thujaplicin	55-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
25359865-4	2015	APPROACH AND RESULTS: When compared with primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells grown under standard conditions, ECs with chronic homocysteine treatment showed accelerated upregulation of p16, p21, and p53, markers of cellular senescence, during 6 to 10 passages.	Homocysteine	138-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
25701261-6	2015	Interestingly, molecular analysis revealed that estradiol treatment markedly increases expression of cyclin A and B, and decreases p21 and p27 in the insulin-primed cells.	Estradiol	48-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
25411358-6	2015	Early DNA damage checkpoint response, mediated through p53/p21, led to G1 arrest in TPA-exposed cells.	terephthalic acid	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
25659606-6	2015	RESULTS: Clozapine inhibited A549 and H1299 proliferation and increased p21 and p27 expression levels, leading to cell cycle arrest.	Clozapine	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
25142552-3	2015	The single-modification peptides (P-1-1, P-2-1 and P-3-1) and double-modification peptides (P-1-2, P-2-2 and P-3-2) showed significantly lower immunoglobulin (Ig)E binding with patients" sera compared to osmotin (P &lt; 0 01).	osmotin	204-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-57
26050346-13	2015	CONCLUSION: SAHA promotes SiHa apoptosis in chemotherapy through up-regulation of mRNA and protein of p21 and Bax which leads to cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase.	Vorinostat	12-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
25773855-0	2015	Silibilin-induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells by modulating p53, p21, Bak and Bcl-XL pathways.	silibilin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
25773855-7	2015	Taken together, the results suggest that silibinin inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of MCF-7 cells by down-regulating Bak, P53, P21, BRCA1, BCL-Xl and thus may be considered as an effective adjuvant drug to produce a better chemopreventive response for the cancer therapy.	Silybin	41-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
26235577-6	2015	Results showed that pretreatment with curcumin significantly attenuated the H2O2-induced HUVECs" premature senescence, which was evidenced by a decreased percentage of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase positive cells, improved cell division and decreased expression of senescence-associated protein p21 (all p&lt;0.05).	Curcumin	38-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	306-309
26235577-6	2015	Results showed that pretreatment with curcumin significantly attenuated the H2O2-induced HUVECs" premature senescence, which was evidenced by a decreased percentage of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase positive cells, improved cell division and decreased expression of senescence-associated protein p21 (all p&lt;0.05).	Hydrogen Peroxide	76-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	306-309
25590413-9	2015	Western blot analysis demonstrated that Wnt-targeting genes, including c-Myc and cyclin D1, were upregulated and were relevant in inhibiting the expression of p21 in MES-SA/Dx5 cells.	2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid	166-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
25590413-10	2015	On the other hand, MES-SA cells expressed high levels of p21 and downregulated cyclin D1 and caused cell cycle arrest.	mes-sa	19-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
26333122-6	2015	The p53 protein was activated and phosphorylated at serines 15 and 392 and accumulated in the nucleus after 24 and 48 h. The Mdm2 protein was present in the cytoplasm with its maximal level after 8 and 16 h. The p21 protein was detected in the nucleus after 24 and 48 h. Increased levels of phosphorylated Chk2 at threonine 68 were observed in the cytoplasmic fraction after 24 and 48 h of mitoxantrone treatment.	Threonine	314-323	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	212-215
26333122-6	2015	The p53 protein was activated and phosphorylated at serines 15 and 392 and accumulated in the nucleus after 24 and 48 h. The Mdm2 protein was present in the cytoplasm with its maximal level after 8 and 16 h. The p21 protein was detected in the nucleus after 24 and 48 h. Increased levels of phosphorylated Chk2 at threonine 68 were observed in the cytoplasmic fraction after 24 and 48 h of mitoxantrone treatment.	Mitoxantrone	390-402	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	212-215
25355277-2	2015	MSCs were treated with high glucose (HG) in order to induce senescence, which was markedly attenuated by pre-treatment with isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), a commonly used nitrate, as indicated by senescence-associated galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) activity, p21 expression, as well as by the mRNA levels of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and differentiated embryo chondrocyte expressed gene 1 (DEC1), which are senescence-related biomarkers.	Isosorbide Dinitrate	124-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
25092802-5	2015	Inhibition of astrocyte proliferation by ammonia was mediated by a l-methionine sulfoximine-, oxidative stress-, and p38(MAPK) -dependent activation of p53 associated with enhanced transcription of cell cycle inhibitory genes GADD45alpha and p21.	Ammonia	41-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
25355277-2	2015	MSCs were treated with high glucose (HG) in order to induce senescence, which was markedly attenuated by pre-treatment with isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), a commonly used nitrate, as indicated by senescence-associated galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) activity, p21 expression, as well as by the mRNA levels of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and differentiated embryo chondrocyte expressed gene 1 (DEC1), which are senescence-related biomarkers.	Isosorbide Dinitrate	146-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
25751508-7	2015	In this article, we have shown for the first time that 2DG induced a transient expression of p21 and a continuous expression of p53 in colorectal cancer cells (SW620).	Deoxyglucose	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
24578216-6	2015	Compared with the control group, manganese deficiency significantly decreased the proliferative zone width and Bcl-2 mRNA expression level, while significantly increased the apoptotic rates and the expression level of p21 gene in chondrocytes.	Manganese	33-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	218-221
26372775-2	2015	In the present study, we investigated the effects of sulforaphane (SFN), a phytochemical from cruciferous vegetables, on the methylation and expression of PTEN and RARbeta2 tumour suppressor genes as well as on the expression of regulators of DNA methylation reaction, DNMT1 , p53 , and p21 , in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells with different invasive potential.	sulforaphane	53-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	287-290
26372775-2	2015	In the present study, we investigated the effects of sulforaphane (SFN), a phytochemical from cruciferous vegetables, on the methylation and expression of PTEN and RARbeta2 tumour suppressor genes as well as on the expression of regulators of DNA methylation reaction, DNMT1 , p53 , and p21 , in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells with different invasive potential.	sulforaphane	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	287-290
26016511-6	2015	PA augmented the expression of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL) and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, and enhanced the phosphorylation of p65, a component of NF-kappaB.	Palmitic Acid	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
26016511-8	2015	In addition, p21 knockdown suppressed the PA-induced increase in the expression of MCP-1 and ICAM-1.	Palmitic Acid	42-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
26016511-9	2015	EPA suppressed the PA-induced increase in the expression of ACSL and p21, the enhancement of p65 phosphorylation, as well as the associated increase in the expression of ICAM-1, MCP-1, interleukin-6, and PTX3.	Palmitic Acid	1-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
26016511-10	2015	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the ACSL, p21, and NF-kappaB-dependent pathway may possibly be involved in PA-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction, and that EPA ameliorates this at least in part through the regulation of ACSL3 expression.	Palmitic Acid	115-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
25304329-10	2015	The time-course of decreasing ROS coincides with an increase in cell number and decreasing p21 protein levels, indicating a release from radiation-induced growth arrest.	Reactive Oxygen Species	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
25705818-3	2015	We proved that the colon cancer cell line HCT116 responded to Liofenol  treatment by reducing their proliferation, in association with an increase of p53 and p21 cell cycle gate keepers.	liofenol	62-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
25868784-5	2015	Silibinin with 0.5 or 5 microM arsenic induced G1 or G2/M phase arrest, respectively, and decreased the protein levels of CDK2, -4, and -6 and cyclin D1, D3, and E and increased CDK inhibitors p21 and p27.	Silybin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
25751508-9	2015	The effects of 2DG on p21 and p53 protein levels were totally independent of its inhibitory effect on either hexokinase or ATP levels.	Deoxyglucose	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
25922640-10	2015	Our study first shows that LMB produces ROS and is possibly metabolized by CYP3A4, GPX1, and SOD in A549 cells, and combination treatment of LMB and EGCG augments LMB-induced cytotoxicity through enhanced ROS production and the modulation of drug metabolism and p21/survivin pathways.	leptomycin B	141-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	262-265
25922640-8	2015	Additionally, these increases of CYP3A4, SOD, and GPX1 were significantly reduced, while p21 was significantly increased in LMB+EGCG-treated cells compared to LMB-treated cells.	leptomycin B	124-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
25922640-10	2015	Our study first shows that LMB produces ROS and is possibly metabolized by CYP3A4, GPX1, and SOD in A549 cells, and combination treatment of LMB and EGCG augments LMB-induced cytotoxicity through enhanced ROS production and the modulation of drug metabolism and p21/survivin pathways.	epigallocatechin gallate	149-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	262-265
25922640-8	2015	Additionally, these increases of CYP3A4, SOD, and GPX1 were significantly reduced, while p21 was significantly increased in LMB+EGCG-treated cells compared to LMB-treated cells.	epigallocatechin gallate	128-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
25922640-10	2015	Our study first shows that LMB produces ROS and is possibly metabolized by CYP3A4, GPX1, and SOD in A549 cells, and combination treatment of LMB and EGCG augments LMB-induced cytotoxicity through enhanced ROS production and the modulation of drug metabolism and p21/survivin pathways.	leptomycin B	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	262-265
25922640-10	2015	Our study first shows that LMB produces ROS and is possibly metabolized by CYP3A4, GPX1, and SOD in A549 cells, and combination treatment of LMB and EGCG augments LMB-induced cytotoxicity through enhanced ROS production and the modulation of drug metabolism and p21/survivin pathways.	leptomycin B	141-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	262-265
25118313-7	2015	Inhibitors of BH4 activity or synthesis also inhibited NF-kappaB activation and, similar to MTX, increased JNK, p53, p21 and JUN activity.	sapropterin	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
25527123-11	2014	The activation of p53-p21 pathway by SC-III3 was also reversed by Ku55933 treatment.	2-morpholin-4-yl-6-thianthren-1-yl-pyran-4-one	66-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
27012093-1	2015	Human endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMESC) under the sublethal oxidative stress induced by H2O2 activate both p53/p21/Rb and p38MAPK/MAPKAPK-2 pathways that are responsible for the induction of hMESC premature senescence (Borodkina et al., 2014).	Hydrogen Peroxide	105-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
25587030-11	2014	In HT-p21 cells, cell cycle arrest was caused by IPTG-inducible p21 and was spontaneously followed by mTOR-dependent geroconversion.	Isopropyl Thiogalactoside	49-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
25587030-11	2014	In HT-p21 cells, cell cycle arrest was caused by IPTG-inducible p21 and was spontaneously followed by mTOR-dependent geroconversion.	Isopropyl Thiogalactoside	49-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
25446094-3	2014	Moreover, HMA upregulated p21 and p27, while it downregulated p53 and Akt.	herbimycin	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
25318830-2	2014	of Li[N(SiHMe2)2] in n-hexane) which crystallizes isotypically to its analogues of the rare-earth metal series (space group P21/c).	li[n(sihme2)2]	3-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-129
25318830-2	2014	of Li[N(SiHMe2)2] in n-hexane) which crystallizes isotypically to its analogues of the rare-earth metal series (space group P21/c).	Metals	98-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-129
25446094-7	2014	Therefore, we propose that HMA suppresses cell growth, and reverses EMT in conjunction with the activation of E-cadherin, p21 and p27 and the inactivation of p53 and PI3K/Akt signaling in ATC cells.	herbimycin	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
25293876-6	2014	Quercetin treatment resulted in an increased cell arrest in G1 phase of the cell cycle, with pronounced decrease in CDK2, CDK6, cyclin D, cyclin E, and cyclin A proteins, decreased Rb phosphorylation and increased p21 and p27 expression.	Quercetin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	214-217
25482151-1	2014	BACKGROUND: PA28gamma (also known as Ki, REG gamma, PMSE3), a member of the ubiquitin-and ATP-independent proteasome activator family 11S, has been proved to show proteasome-dependent and -independent effects on several proteins including tumor suppressor p53, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and steroid receptor co-activator 3 (SCR-3).	Adenosine Triphosphate	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	295-298
25315710-10	2014	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that spermidine and DHPS are key contributing factors in NB tumor proliferation through regulation of the p21/Rb signaling axis.	Spermidine	40-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
25445757-5	2014	Mechanistic studies showed that glycyrol induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest as indicated by increase in p21.	glycyrol	32-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
25260383-6	2014	Our results demonstrated that deoxyelephantopin-induced G2/M phase arrest was associated with a marked increase in the levels of p53 and p21 and a decrease in phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3-Tyr705), cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (cdc2), and cyclin B1.	deoxyelephantopin	30-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
25260383-9	2014	Our findings provided the first evidence that STAT3/p53/p21 signaling, MAPK pathway, PI3k/Akt/mTOR pathway, caspase cascades, and ROS play critical roles in deoxyelephantopin-induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of SiHa cells.	deoxyelephantopin	157-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
25236744-0	2014	Human OXR1 maintains mitochondrial DNA integrity and counteracts hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant pathways involving p21.	Hydrogen Peroxide	65-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
25236744-5	2014	In sum, these data reveal that human OXR1 upregulates the expression of antioxidant genes via the p21 signaling pathway to suppress hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and maintain mtDNA integrity.	Hydrogen Peroxide	132-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
25674209-5	2014	On the molecular level, we observed that exposure to formononetin altered the expression levels of cell cycle arrest-associated proteins p21, cyclin A and cyclin D1.	formononetin	53-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
25195135-2	2014	Here we found a significantly higher ratio of phosphorylated beta-catenin (phos-beta-cat) to beta-catenin (beta-cat) as an indicator of an activated Wnt signaling, with significantly higher levels of c-myc and transcription factor activating protein-4 (AP-4) and a significantly lower level of p21 in the resected HCC, compared to the paired adjacent healthy hepatic tissue from the patients.	phosphorylethanolamine	46-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
25469035-10	2014	Our results showed that treatment with 17beta-estradiol and/or ER agonists in human LoVo colorectal cancer cells activated p53 and then up-regulated p21 and p27 protein levels, subsequently inhibiting the downstream target gene, cyclin D1, which regulates cell proliferation.	Estradiol	39-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
25530715-8	2014	RESULTS: We demonstrated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited differential responses to curcumin by WST-1 and clonogenic assay (MDA-MB-231 cells was sensitive, and MCF-7 cells was resistant), which were found to be related to the differential curcumin-mediated regulation of SKP2-Cip/Kips (p21 and p27 but not p57) signaling.	Curcumin	88-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	290-293
25409512-5	2014	DM-MCM treatment induced HASMC proliferation, decreased p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) expressions, and increased microRNA (miR)-17-5p and miR-221 expressions.	dm-mcm	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
25622680-12	2014	Cisplatin up-regulated p53, Mdm2 and p21 in both cell lines.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
23554011-7	2014	Western blotting assay showed that ellagic acid promoted p21, p53 and decreased CDC2 and WEE1 for leading to G0/G1 phase arrest and promoting BAD expression, AIF and Endo G, cytochrome c, caspase-9 and -3 for leading to apoptosis in TSGH8301 cells.	Ellagic Acid	35-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
25409512-7	2014	Inhibition of miR-17-5p abolished DM-MCM-induced p21(Cip1) down-regulation; and inhibition of miR-221 attenuated the DM-MCM-induced p27(Kip1) down-regulation.	dm-mcm	34-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
25242120-6	2014	The results indicated that silymarin effectively suppressed cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and arrested cell cycle progression at G1/S phase in A2780s and PA-1 cells via up-regulation of p53, p21, and p27 protein expression, and down-regulation of CDK2 protein expression.	Silymarin	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
25281925-3	2014	In addition, histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA)-mediated upregulation of p21 expression was repressed by knockdown of FOXA1/2 in H1299 cells.	trichostatin A	43-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
25281925-3	2014	In addition, histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA)-mediated upregulation of p21 expression was repressed by knockdown of FOXA1/2 in H1299 cells.	trichostatin A	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
26753100-4	2014	The tetramethylguanidine salt (P21/c) exhibits layers of anions hydrogen-bonded to the cations.	tetramethylguanidine salt	4-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-36
26753100-4	2014	The tetramethylguanidine salt (P21/c) exhibits layers of anions hydrogen-bonded to the cations.	Hydrogen	64-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-36
25405759-7	2014	The mitotic index and the expression of p21, BubR1 and Securin were all reduced following Nocodazole treatment.	Nocodazole	90-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
25109285-8	2014	Sirt1-Foxp3 signaling-mediated regulation of Bax and p21 mRNA expression was a signature molecular event in TPC1 cells, which showed remarkable resistance to etoposide-induced genotoxic stress.	Etoposide	158-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
25296971-4	2014	Treatment with ganetespib (50 nM) for 24 hours inhibited cyclin D1 and pRb at the transcriptional and translational levels and induced p21, leading to G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in both CRC cell lines (HCT-116 and HT-29).	STA 9090	15-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
25129649-8	2014	Moreover, OA and ALA up-regulated tumor suppressor genes (p53, p21, and p27) and these effects are abolished by AMPK siRNA administration.	alpha-Linolenic Acid	17-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
26027111-13	2014	The results of Western blot assay showed that this ratio of drugs could significantly increase the protein expression of Bax,P53 and P21 and decreased the expression of BCL-2, Casepase-3, p-Erk, p-Ras and p-c-Raf in SMMC-7721 cells.	smmc	216-220	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
25285637-4	2014	Although delta-T3 induced G1 arrest by up-regulating p21 in PANC-1 cells, more cells accumulated in G1 phase with the combination of delta-T3 and FA.	Triiodothyronine	15-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
25285637-4	2014	Although delta-T3 induced G1 arrest by up-regulating p21 in PANC-1 cells, more cells accumulated in G1 phase with the combination of delta-T3 and FA.	delta-t3	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
23994263-11	2014	Taken together the results demonstrate that BaP sensitizes MCF7 cells to E5M antiproliferative activity via enhanced induction of p21, JNK and p-JNK that in turn results by cytochrome P450 CYP1-mediated conversion to the metabolite E5M1.	Benzo(a)pyrene	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
25169428-0	2014	Sulforaphane inhibition of TPA-mediated PDCD4 downregulation contributes to suppression of c-Jun and induction of p21-dependent Nrf2 expression.	sulforaphane	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
25358785-0	2014	Activation of p38, p21, and NRF-2 mediates decreased proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells cultured under 21% O2.	Oxygen	118-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
25358785-5	2014	Under 21% O2, increased p38 phosphorylation led to activation of p21.	Oxygen	10-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
25358785-8	2014	Activation of p38/p21/NRF-2 in hDPSCs cultured under ambient oxygen tension inhibits stem cell proliferation and upregulates NRF-2 antioxidant defenses.	Oxygen	61-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
25238284-2	2014	Tetrahydroisoquinoline 12 was identified as a potent HDAC6 and HDAC8 dual inhibitor from a focused library through cellular tubulin acetylation and p21 induction screening assays.	1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline	0-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
24499675-0	2014	Arsenite induces premature senescence via p53/p21 pathway as a result of DNA damage in human malignant glioblastoma cells.	arsenite	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
25274525-3	2014	These layers host a well resolved R12 dodecameric discrete ring of water clusters built by six independent molecules located around the 2c centrosymmetric Wyckoff positions of the P21/n space group in which the compound crystallizes.	Water	67-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
25244664-3	2014	A P21/c monoclinic structure describes precisely the [(CH3)4N]2MnCl4 crystal in the 0.1-6 GPa range, prior to crystal decomposition and amorphization, while [(CH3)4N]2MnBr4 can be described by a Pmcn orthorhombic structure in its stability pressure range of 0-3 GPa.	[(ch3)4n]2mncl4	53-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	2-5
25244664-3	2014	A P21/c monoclinic structure describes precisely the [(CH3)4N]2MnCl4 crystal in the 0.1-6 GPa range, prior to crystal decomposition and amorphization, while [(CH3)4N]2MnBr4 can be described by a Pmcn orthorhombic structure in its stability pressure range of 0-3 GPa.	pmcn	195-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	2-5
24930072-6	2014	Up-regulation of p38 MAPK activity in responding the ROS stabilize p53 and activate p21 transcription, the critical regulatory in G1/S checkpoint.	Reactive Oxygen Species	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
24499675-4	2014	Dimethyl- and trimethyl-lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3DMK9 and H3TMK9) foci formation was accompanied by p21 accumulation only in U87MG-neo but not in U87MG-E6 cells.	dimethyl- and trimethyl-lysine	0-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
24499675-5	2014	This suggests that arsenite induces premature senescence as a result of DNA damage with heterochromatin forming through a p53/p21 dependent pathway.	arsenite	19-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
24499675-6	2014	p21 and p53 siRNA consistently decreased H3TMK9 foci formation in U87M G-neo but not in U87MG-E6 cells after arsenite treatment.	g-neo	71-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
24499675-7	2014	Taken together, arsenite reduces cell growth independently of p53 and induces premature senescence via p53/p21-dependent pathway following DNA damage.	arsenite	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
24535918-1	2014	We previously identified that activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) exerts antiproliferative and antimigratory effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through the upregulation of p21/p27 transcription and RhoA activation.	Methylcholanthrene	83-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
25107568-16	2014	Elevated levels of P21 and GADD45, in concert with cyclin D1, also mediated the antiproliferative response of HL-60 in the presence of 1,25-(OH)2D3 and PS121912.	Calcitriol	135-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
25382556-10	2014	To investigate hMED15 localization, we treated human MCF-7 cells with the MDM2 inhibitor Nutlin-3, thus inducing p21 transcription.	nutlin 3	89-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
24535918-1	2014	We previously identified that activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) exerts antiproliferative and antimigratory effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through the upregulation of p21/p27 transcription and RhoA activation.	Methylcholanthrene	105-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
24535918-3	2014	Our results indicated that 3MC reduced the phosphorylation of p21/p27 through AhR/RhoA/PTEN-mediated PI3K/Akt inactivation, which reduced cytosolic p21/p27 retention, causing RhoA activation through positive feedback.	Methylcholanthrene	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
24535918-3	2014	Our results indicated that 3MC reduced the phosphorylation of p21/p27 through AhR/RhoA/PTEN-mediated PI3K/Akt inactivation, which reduced cytosolic p21/p27 retention, causing RhoA activation through positive feedback.	Methylcholanthrene	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
24535918-4	2014	Downregulation of p21/p27 by siRNA, and cytosolic p21/p27 by the nuclear export blocker leptomycin B, further reduced cell migration in the 3MC-treated cells.	leptomycin B	88-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
24535918-4	2014	Downregulation of p21/p27 by siRNA, and cytosolic p21/p27 by the nuclear export blocker leptomycin B, further reduced cell migration in the 3MC-treated cells.	Methylcholanthrene	140-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
24535918-4	2014	Downregulation of p21/p27 by siRNA, and cytosolic p21/p27 by the nuclear export blocker leptomycin B, further reduced cell migration in the 3MC-treated cells.	Methylcholanthrene	140-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
24535918-9	2014	Our results provide a molecular basis for the therapeutic application of simvastatin to reduce RhoA/PTEN activation, restore cytosolic levels of phosphorylated p21/p27, and induce angiogenic processes.	Simvastatin	73-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
25232279-8	2014	The regulatory targets of miR-106b~25 cluster namely p21 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) and BIM (pro-apoptotic gene) were elevated, and apoptotic cell death was observed, in RB tumor cells treated with the specific antagomirs of the miR-106b~25 cluster.	mir-106b	26-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
25175641-0	2014	Diallyl disulfide induces G2/M arrest and promotes apoptosis through the p53/p21 and MEK-ERK pathways in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.	diallyl disulfide	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
25123426-6	2014	Escin induced G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest and thus led to a significant decrease in the expression of cyclinB1 and its activating partner cyclin-dependent kinase 1, with the concomitant induction of p21.	Escin	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
25509266-11	2014	Western blot showed the expression of p53 and p21 protein could be increased by DHA combined irradiation, and the expression of Bcl-2 protein down-regulated (P &lt;0.01, P &lt;0.	artenimol	80-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
25144919-1	2014	The crystal structure of 3-quinolinecarboxaldehyde (3QC) has been solved, and the compound has been shown to crystallize in the space group P21/c (monoclinic) with a = 6.306(4), b = 18.551(11), c = 6.999(4) A, beta = 106.111(13) , and Z = 4.	3-quinolinecarboxaldehyde	25-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-145
25170649-2	2014	Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the six complexes are all isomorphous with the monoclinic P21/c space group and with lattice parameters that decrease with the lanthanide contraction.	Lanthanoid Series Elements	173-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-109
24726874-10	2014	It indicated that aspirin induced adipocyte differentiation through p53-p21 pathway.	Aspirin	18-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
25232279-8	2014	The regulatory targets of miR-106b~25 cluster namely p21 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) and BIM (pro-apoptotic gene) were elevated, and apoptotic cell death was observed, in RB tumor cells treated with the specific antagomirs of the miR-106b~25 cluster.	mir-106b	238-246	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
25047426-9	2014	In addition, hesperidin enhanced p53-p21 axis with concomitant decrease in cell cycle regulator.	Hesperidin	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
24747221-6	2014	RESULTS: We found that acrolein induced cellular senescence by increasing both p53 and p21.	Acrolein	23-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
24942805-9	2014	Furthermore, berberine-induced miR-23a expression may mediate the transcription activation of p53-related tumor suppressive genes p21 and GADD45alpha.	Berberine	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
24894198-5	2014	We found that dihydromyricetin induced increased p21 expression and G2-M cell-cycle arrest, caused DNA damage, activated ATM-CHK2-H2AX signaling pathways, and induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells as well as decreasing the sphere formation capability by downregulating Sox2 expression.	dihydromyricetin	14-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
24894198-7	2014	Moreover, GSK3beta deletion or GSK3beta inhibition by LiCl treatment resulted in increased p21 expression and reduced Sox2 expression in osteosarcoma cells.	Lithium Chloride	54-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
23239598-9	2014	CECF increased protein levels of caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, cytochrome c, GRP78, AIF, ATF-6alpha, Fas, TRAIL, p21, p27, and p16 which were associated with cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis.	cecf	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
24568186-13	2014	In conclusion, upregulation of p53 and p21 via HO-1 induction and subsequent release of iron with accumulation of H-ferritin may confer resistance to oxidative damage in cancer cells frequently challenged by redox-cycling anticancer drugs.	Iron	88-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
25564054-4	2014	RESULTS: Western blot showed that the overexpression of RIG-G protein significantly upregulated p21 protein level in the NB4 cells, and the level of p21 protein largely increased along with the induction of endogenous RIG-G protein during the differentiation of NB4 cells treated by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).	Tretinoin	293-306	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
24597985-4	2014	Compared with the use of DEX or low-dose anisomycin alone, co-treatment with them resulted in a significant increase of growth inhibition, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in CEM-C1 cells through induction of activated caspase-3 and up-regulation of Bim, p21and p27, and down-regulation of Mcl-1, Bcl-2, c-myc, cyclin A and cyclin D1.	Anisomycin	41-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
24996978-10	2014	Exposure of cultured human proximal tubular cells to 25mmol/L, but not 8mmol/L, glucose medium increased the expression of senescence markers, which was suppressed by knock-down of p21 or sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2.	Glucose	80-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
24597985-4	2014	Compared with the use of DEX or low-dose anisomycin alone, co-treatment with them resulted in a significant increase of growth inhibition, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in CEM-C1 cells through induction of activated caspase-3 and up-regulation of Bim, p21and p27, and down-regulation of Mcl-1, Bcl-2, c-myc, cyclin A and cyclin D1.	Dexamethasone	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
25564054-4	2014	RESULTS: Western blot showed that the overexpression of RIG-G protein significantly upregulated p21 protein level in the NB4 cells, and the level of p21 protein largely increased along with the induction of endogenous RIG-G protein during the differentiation of NB4 cells treated by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).	Tretinoin	308-312	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
24939757-0	2014	Xylarianaphthol-1, a novel dinaphthofuran derivative, activates p21 promoter in a p53-independent manner.	xylarianaphthol-1	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
25100434-5	2014	By RT-PCR and western blot assays, Kuding tea polyphenol significantly induced apoptosis in BcaCD885 cancer cells (p &lt; 0.05) by upregulating caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Fas/FasL, Bax, p53, p21, E2F1, p73 and downregulating Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, HIAP-1, and HIAP-2 mRNA and protein expressions.	Polyphenols	46-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
24858802-3	2014	In the present study, we found that, in human colorectal cancer cells, low-dose camptothecin (CPT) simultaneously induced autophagy and premature senescence through AMPK-TSC2-mTOR pathway and ATM-Chk2-p53-p21 pathway respectively.	Camptothecin	80-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
24858802-3	2014	In the present study, we found that, in human colorectal cancer cells, low-dose camptothecin (CPT) simultaneously induced autophagy and premature senescence through AMPK-TSC2-mTOR pathway and ATM-Chk2-p53-p21 pathway respectively.	Camptothecin	94-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
24679790-5	2014	Azufrado Higuera modified the expression of cell cycle regulation proteins p21 and cyclin B1.	azufrado	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
24797896-11	2014	Interestingly, hydralazine restored androgen receptor expression, with upregulation of its target p21 in DU145 cell line.	Hydralazine	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
24997578-4	2014	The bicyclic tetrapeptides disulfide showed potent HDAC1 and HDAC4 inhibition and p21 promoting activity.	Disulfides	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
24939757-0	2014	Xylarianaphthol-1, a novel dinaphthofuran derivative, activates p21 promoter in a p53-independent manner.	dinaphthofuran	27-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
24939757-4	2014	Expression of p21 protein in the wild-type MG63 cells was also increased by xylarianaphthol-1 treatment.	xylarianaphthol-1	76-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
25003799-0	2014	Vitamin C protects against UV irradiation-induced apoptosis through reactivating silenced tumor suppressor genes p21 and p16 in a Tet-dependent DNA demethylation manner in human skin cancer cells.	Ascorbic Acid	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
24632182-12	2014	Inhibition of "over-active" Cathepsin D by the specific, cell-permeable inhibitor pepstatin A abolishes the increase in nuclear p21 protein, ROS formation and degradation of Trx-1 protein, thus leading to blockade of stress-induced premature senescence by stabilizing the cellular redox homeostasis.	pepstatin	82-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
25003799-0	2014	Vitamin C protects against UV irradiation-induced apoptosis through reactivating silenced tumor suppressor genes p21 and p16 in a Tet-dependent DNA demethylation manner in human skin cancer cells.	tetramethylenedisulfotetramine	130-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
25003799-7	2014	To examine the DNA demethylation activity of vitamin C, DNA immunoprecipitation (DIP)-qPCR was performed to determine the relative levels of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) or 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in p16 and p21 promoter regions containing cytosine-phosphorothiolated guanine (CpG) islands.	Ascorbic Acid	45-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
25003799-10	2014	Vitamin C also reactivated the expression of p16 and p21 at mRNA and protein levels.	Ascorbic Acid	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
25003799-11	2014	Mechanistically, about 27% 5hmC-positive cells were observed in vitamin C-treated A431 cells, and the 5hmC enrichment at p16 and p21 promoter regions was also largely increased by vitamin C.	5-hydroxymethylcytosine	102-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
24799378-0	2014	Oligosaccharide G19 inhibits U-87 MG human glioma cells growth in vitro and in vivo by targeting epidermal growth factor (EGF) and activating p53/p21 signaling.	oligosaccharide g19	0-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
25003799-11	2014	Mechanistically, about 27% 5hmC-positive cells were observed in vitamin C-treated A431 cells, and the 5hmC enrichment at p16 and p21 promoter regions was also largely increased by vitamin C.	Ascorbic Acid	180-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
25003799-12	2014	Moreover, the expression of p16 and p21 was decreased in Tet1/2 double-knockdown cells, in which the inhibitory effect of vitamin C on UV-induced apoptosis was dismissed.	Ascorbic Acid	122-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
25003799-13	2014	Furthermore, the inhibition of UV-induced apoptosis on vitamin C treatment nearly disappeared in p16- or p21-knockout primary cultured fibroblasts.	Ascorbic Acid	55-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
25135721-6	2014	Both PDOX and DOX caused an up-regulation of the P53/P21-related signal pathway, and PDOX significantly increased expression of P53 and caspase 3, and arrested the cell cycle at the G1/G2 phase.	acetyl-phenylalanyl-lysyl-para-aminobenzyloxycarbonyl-adriamycin	5-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
24858230-7	2014	DBP, a type of phthalate, was shown to promote LNCaP cell proliferation by upregulating the gene expression of c-myc and cyclin D1 and by downregulating the expression of p21.	phthalic acid	15-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
25135721-6	2014	Both PDOX and DOX caused an up-regulation of the P53/P21-related signal pathway, and PDOX significantly increased expression of P53 and caspase 3, and arrested the cell cycle at the G1/G2 phase.	Doxorubicin	6-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
24526307-6	2014	In vitro temozolomide at the EC50 (10 microM) induced accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase that was unexpectedly accompanied by downregulation of p27 and p21 without modulation of full-length p53 (FLp53).	Temozolomide	9-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
24920214-13	2014	Thus, a 15-fold increase in p21 levels was observed in melatonin-treated cancer cells.	Melatonin	55-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
23727633-7	2014	Increased levels of acetylated p53 as well as increased RNA levels of its pro-senescence effector p21 were evident in dexamethasone-treated tenocytes.	Dexamethasone	118-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
24867323-5	2014	Cell response to homocysteine-induced DNA damage involved the up-regulation of Bax and, at a greater extent, Bcl-2, but not caspase-3, in association with a p53-independent increase of p21 levels; concomitantly, also p16 levels were increased.	Homocysteine	17-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
24867323-7	2014	However, in line with the observed increase of p21 and p16 levels, a five days incubation with homocysteine induced cyclin down-regulation accompanied by a strong reduction of phosphorylated pRB amounts.	Homocysteine	95-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
25254004-10	2014	We found that DAPT treatment results in downregulation of Hes1 and p21 and upregulation of Wnt10b.	24-diamino-5-phenylthiazole	14-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
25254004-12	2014	The DAPT may modulate human hair follicle stem cell proliferation and differentiation through regulation of p21 and Wnt-10b.	24-diamino-5-phenylthiazole	4-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
24845028-8	2014	Collectively, our results show that SM inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells through p38 MAPK-mediated suppression of phosphorylation and protein expression of Stat3, followed by inducing Stat3 downstream effector p21.	beta-solamarine	36-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
24919507-9	2014	In in vitro studies, we observed increased expression of p21 and p-ERK1/2 diminution via use of both analogs as compared to use of 5-FU alone.	Fluorouracil	131-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
24919507-12	2014	Our results suggest that the mechanism of potentiation of 5-FU antitumor action by both analogs is realized via increased p21 expression and decreased p-ERK1/2 level which may lead to diminution of thymidylate synthase expression.	Fluorouracil	58-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
24913829-7	2014	RESULTS: In the presence of continuous PGF signaling, PrEC hyperplasia is prevented by androgen binding to AR suppressing c-MYC transcription, resulting in G0 arrest/terminal differentiation independent of Rb, p21, p27, FoxP3, or down regulation of growth factors receptors and instead involves androgen-induced formation of AR/beta-catenin/TCF-4 complexes, which suppress c-MYC transcription.	Prostaglandins F	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
25036040-10	2014	Trichostatin A and MS-275 (both HDAC inhibitors) inhibited the downstream pathway of HDAC1 and caused cell growth arrest via activation of p53 and p21; the effects of digoxigenin were totally opposite.	trichostatin A	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
25036040-10	2014	Trichostatin A and MS-275 (both HDAC inhibitors) inhibited the downstream pathway of HDAC1 and caused cell growth arrest via activation of p53 and p21; the effects of digoxigenin were totally opposite.	entinostat	19-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
25036040-11	2014	Staurosporine blocked the cell cycle via p53 and p21, but also promoted cell growth via activated HDAC1 and its downstream pathway.	Staurosporine	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
24989033-5	2014	Here, we show that the treatment of the novel small molecule, CG500354, into CD133-expressing human primary GBM cells induces growth arrest by cell cycle regulators, p53, p21, p27 and phase-specific cyclins, and neural differentiation, as confirmed by neural progenitor/precursor markers, nestin, GFAP and Tuj1.	CG500354	62-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
24840054-8	2014	In addition, it hindered doxorubicin-induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of c-Myc and p21.	Doxorubicin	25-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
24888707-9	2014	Nimbolide also increased the protein expression of p21 and decreased the cyclins in both the cell lines.	nimbolide	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
24962518-5	2014	Indeed, transfection of leukemic cells with p21 siRNAs significantly decreased the DCA+Nutlin-3-induced cytotoxicity.	Dichloroacetic Acid	83-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
24962518-5	2014	Indeed, transfection of leukemic cells with p21 siRNAs significantly decreased the DCA+Nutlin-3-induced cytotoxicity.	nutlin 3	87-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
24892596-8	2014	The third isomer, 1,4-dibromobenzene, is a solid at room temperature and crystallizes as monoclinic, space group P21/a.	1,4-dibromobenzene	18-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
25009787-4	2014	Initially, DMF increased p21 protein stability through an enhancement in Nrf2 activity without an increase in p21 mRNA.	Dimethyl Fumarate	11-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
25009787-5	2014	Later on, DMF stimulated p21 mRNA expression through a process dependent on p53 activity.	Dimethyl Fumarate	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
25009787-10	2014	In conclusion, DMF prevented abnormal proliferation in VSMCs by G1 cell cycle arrest via p21 upregulation driven by Nrf2 and p53 activity, and had a beneficial effect on TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis and dysfunction in endothelial cells through Nrf2-NQO1 activity suggesting that DMF might be a therapeutic drug for patients with vascular disease.	Dimethyl Fumarate	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
24794748-0	2014	The pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 inhibits tumor cell proliferation by downregulation of c-Myc and cyclins D1 and B1 mRNA and upregulation of p21 cell cycle inhibitor expression.	Pterocarpanquinone	4-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
24794748-0	2014	The pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 inhibits tumor cell proliferation by downregulation of c-Myc and cyclins D1 and B1 mRNA and upregulation of p21 cell cycle inhibitor expression.	LQB 118	23-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
24789439-6	2014	DHM increased the production of p53 and p21 proteins and downregulated the production of Cdc25A, Cdc2 and P-Cdc2 proteins, which induced cell cycle arrest.	dihydromyricetin	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
24646031-3	2014	In many cases, downregulation of CDK activity by ATRA and vitamin D3 is a result of elevated p21- and p27-bound CDKs.	Tretinoin	49-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
24646031-3	2014	In many cases, downregulation of CDK activity by ATRA and vitamin D3 is a result of elevated p21- and p27-bound CDKs.	Cholecalciferol	58-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
24728469-6	2014	This may indicate that the alteration of p21 and CHK1 following zebularine administration was not due to inhibition of methylation of their promoter.	pyrimidin-2-one beta-ribofuranoside	64-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
24710632-8	2014	DNA damage induced p53 stabilization and p21 induction by cisplatin treatment confirmed that wt-AGR2 expression suppressed the p53 pathway.	Cisplatin	58-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
24932256-11	2014	Fractionated IR resulted in a significant increase in p21 expression, which was further enhanced when combined with cisplatin.	Cisplatin	116-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
24682388-5	2014	In addition, ALO induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase with a concomitant increase in p21 and p53 and a decrease in cyclin D1 and B1.	aloperine	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
24756776-6	2014	Knockdown of GRP78 rescued the senescence sensitivity of cisplatin-resistant C13K cells to cisplatin through P21 and CDC2.	Cisplatin	57-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
24756776-6	2014	Knockdown of GRP78 rescued the senescence sensitivity of cisplatin-resistant C13K cells to cisplatin through P21 and CDC2.	Cisplatin	91-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
24878898-6	2014	At the early stage of KIOM-C treatment (12 h), cells were arrested in G1 phase, which was accompanied by up-regulation of p21 and p27, down-regulation of cyclin D1, and subsequent increases in apoptotic and autophagic cells.	kiom-c	22-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
24932256-14	2014	As for the apoptosis signaling genes, the combination of cisplatin and fractionated IR therapy resulted in a significant decrease in Bcl-2 expression and a marked upregulation of p21 expression.	Cisplatin	57-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
24684733-3	2014	Altered expressions of cyclin D1 and p21 were observed in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells treated with TCS and OP, which is linked to the G1/S transition of cell cycle, leading to cell proliferation.	Triclosan	103-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
24704462-5	2014	High glucose condition led to significant increase in the expression of PCNA, cyclin D1 and decrease in the expression of PTPN 12, p21 and PTEN.	Glucose	5-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
24847310-1	2014	Physiological concentrations of the green tea extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) caused growth inhibition in estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive MCF7 cells that was associated with down-regulation of the ERalpha and reduced insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 abundance and increased protein abundance of the tumor suppressor genes p53/p21.	epigallocatechin gallate	54-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	359-362
24798549-11	2014	Reovirus and irinotecan combination therapy is synergistic, p21 mediated, and represents a novel potential treatment for patients with CRC.	Irinotecan	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
24847310-1	2014	Physiological concentrations of the green tea extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) caused growth inhibition in estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive MCF7 cells that was associated with down-regulation of the ERalpha and reduced insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 abundance and increased protein abundance of the tumor suppressor genes p53/p21.	epigallocatechin gallate	82-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	359-362
24835555-5	2014	As results, MXC and TCS induced BG-1 cell growth via regulating cyclin D1, p21 and Bax genes related with cell cycle and apoptosis.	Triclosan	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
24804719-4	2014	The G1 arrest by piperine correlated with the down-regulation of cyclin D1 and induction of p21.	piperine	17-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
24604009-6	2014	It was demonstrated that isolinderalactone may induce p21 expression and then cause the cell cycle arrest of A549 cells.	linderalactone	25-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
24642253-8	2014	In addition, over-expression of ChDFFA inhibited the transcriptional activities of p53/p21-Luc reporter genes in HEK293T cells.	chdffa	32-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
24593988-8	2014	Moreover, co-treatment of MCF-7 cells with THC and p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, effectively reversed the dissipation in mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim), and blocked THC-mediated Bax up-regulation, Bcl-2 down-regulation, caspase-3 activation as well as p21 up-regulation, suggesting p38 MAPK might mediate THC-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest.	tetrahydrocurcumin	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	266-269
24593988-8	2014	Moreover, co-treatment of MCF-7 cells with THC and p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, effectively reversed the dissipation in mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim), and blocked THC-mediated Bax up-regulation, Bcl-2 down-regulation, caspase-3 activation as well as p21 up-regulation, suggesting p38 MAPK might mediate THC-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest.	SB 203580	71-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	266-269
24593988-8	2014	Moreover, co-treatment of MCF-7 cells with THC and p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, effectively reversed the dissipation in mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim), and blocked THC-mediated Bax up-regulation, Bcl-2 down-regulation, caspase-3 activation as well as p21 up-regulation, suggesting p38 MAPK might mediate THC-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest.	tetrahydrocurcumin	179-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	266-269
24593988-8	2014	Moreover, co-treatment of MCF-7 cells with THC and p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, effectively reversed the dissipation in mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim), and blocked THC-mediated Bax up-regulation, Bcl-2 down-regulation, caspase-3 activation as well as p21 up-regulation, suggesting p38 MAPK might mediate THC-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest.	tetrahydrocurcumin	179-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	266-269
24325805-4	2014	Our results demonstrate that polyphyllin D exerts a growth inhibitory effect by arresting cells at G2/M phase and by the induction of apoptosis in K562/A02 human leukaemia drug-resistant cells, G2/M phase arrest was found to be associated with up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent protein kinase 1.	polyphyllin D	29-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	261-264
24573222-14	2014	The results of this study suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 potentiates cisplatin-mediated cell growth inhibition and cell apoptosis, which involves the upregulation of Bax, a decrease in ERK and AKT phosphorylation levels, and increased p21 and p27 levels.	Calcitriol	39-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
24573222-14	2014	The results of this study suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 potentiates cisplatin-mediated cell growth inhibition and cell apoptosis, which involves the upregulation of Bax, a decrease in ERK and AKT phosphorylation levels, and increased p21 and p27 levels.	Cisplatin	63-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
24615755-6	2014	In addition, DHR upregulated the cell cycle repressors p21 and p53.	1',2'-dihydrorotenone	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
24615755-7	2014	DHR also increased the phosphorylation level of p53, suggesting the upregulated transactivation function of p53, which was confirmed by the induction of p21, a substrate of activated p53.	1',2'-dihydrorotenone	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
24604009-8	2014	These novel findings demonstrated that isolinderalactone may cause the cell cycle arrest of A549 cells by induction of p21, and induce apoptosis of A549 human non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells through the Fas/sFasL apoptotic system.	linderalactone	39-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
24676336-12	2014	For the TSA+DAC group, higher levels of p53, p21, cyclin B1 and Chk1 were detected, concomitant with lower levels of CDK1, when compared to the control group.	trichostatin A	8-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
24626782-3	2014	The present preliminary study using DNA microarray and real-time PCR indicates p21 mRNA is upregulated in human colon carcinoma (HT29) cells exposed to pyridoxal (PL, 500 microM).	Pyridoxal	152-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
24626782-3	2014	The present preliminary study using DNA microarray and real-time PCR indicates p21 mRNA is upregulated in human colon carcinoma (HT29) cells exposed to pyridoxal (PL, 500 microM).	Pyridoxal	163-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
24676336-12	2014	For the TSA+DAC group, higher levels of p53, p21, cyclin B1 and Chk1 were detected, concomitant with lower levels of CDK1, when compared to the control group.	Decitabine	12-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
24788149-0	2014	Lipotoxic effect of p21 on free fatty acid-induced steatosis in L02 cells.	Fatty Acids, Nonesterified	27-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
24765160-7	2014	Furthermore, damnacanthal-mediated apoptosis involves the sustained activation of p21, leading to the transcription of p53 and the Bax gene.	damnacanthal	13-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
24765160-8	2014	Overall, the present study provided significant evidence demonstrating that p53-mediated damnacanthal induced apoptosis through the activation of p21 and caspase-7.	damnacanthal	89-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
24788149-4	2014	We therefore analyzed the L02 cells with MG132 and siRNA treatment for different expression of p21 related to lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	41-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
24788149-6	2014	Treatment with 1 mM FFA for 48 hr induced magnificent intracellular lipid accumulation and increased oxidative stress in p21 overload L02 cells compared to that in p21 knockdown L02 cells.	Fatty Acids, Nonesterified	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
24765160-0	2014	Damnacanthal is a potent inducer of apoptosis with anticancer activity by stimulating p53 and p21 genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.	damnacanthal	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
24788149-3	2014	This study aimed to investigate the effects of p21 on free fatty acid (FFA)-induced steatosis in L02 cells.	Fatty Acids, Nonesterified	54-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
24788149-6	2014	Treatment with 1 mM FFA for 48 hr induced magnificent intracellular lipid accumulation and increased oxidative stress in p21 overload L02 cells compared to that in p21 knockdown L02 cells.	Fatty Acids, Nonesterified	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
24788149-3	2014	This study aimed to investigate the effects of p21 on free fatty acid (FFA)-induced steatosis in L02 cells.	Fatty Acids, Nonesterified	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
24834497-1	2014	: p21 is a master regulator of HIV replication in macrophages through dNTP synthesis block.	Parathion	70-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	2-5
24762088-9	2014	A stable overexpression of miR-125b in human melanoma cell line Mel-Juso resulted in a G0/G1 cell cycle block and emergence of large cells expressing senescence markers: senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, p21, p27 and p53.	mir-125b	27-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	212-215
24692690-6	2014	At higher concentrations, AsA induced apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells, possibly with the involvement of p21.	Ascorbic Acid	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
24398465-2	2014	L-Lys HF (C6H15FN2O2), crystallizes in a monoclinic system with space group P21, a=5.464(1)A, b=7.4717(15)A, c=10.252(2)A, alpha=gamma=90 , beta=99.17(3) , Z=2, rhoc=1.336Mg/m(3), rhom=1.335(2)Mg/m(3).	c6h15fn2o2	10-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
24708484-0	2014	P21 and CD166 as predictive markers of poor response and outcome after fluorouracil-based chemoradiotherapy for the patients with rectal cancer.	Fluorouracil	71-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
24708484-9	2014	CONCLUSION: These show high p21 and CD166 expression at the pretreatment biopsy were associated with tumor regression and poor prognosis in patients treated with 5-FU based CRT.	Fluorouracil	162-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
24485799-4	2014	In this study, we investigate whether combined treatment with romidepsin and bortezomib would induce apoptosis in A549 NSCLC cells by activating cell cycle arrest, enhanced generation of p21 and p53, down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2,9 also altering the acetylation status of histone proteins.	Bortezomib	77-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
24380881-4	2014	BTZ-treated HTLA-230 cells down-regulated p53 and up-regulated p21, favoring cell survival.	Bortezomib	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
24380881-5	2014	The inhibition of HO-1 activity obtained by Zinc (II) protoprophyrin IX (ZnPPIX) was able to significantly increase the pro-apoptotic effect of BTZ in a p53- and p21-independent way.	zinc (ii) protoprophyrin ix	44-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
24380881-5	2014	The inhibition of HO-1 activity obtained by Zinc (II) protoprophyrin IX (ZnPPIX) was able to significantly increase the pro-apoptotic effect of BTZ in a p53- and p21-independent way.	zinc protoporphyrin	73-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
24380881-5	2014	The inhibition of HO-1 activity obtained by Zinc (II) protoprophyrin IX (ZnPPIX) was able to significantly increase the pro-apoptotic effect of BTZ in a p53- and p21-independent way.	Bortezomib	144-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
24384472-8	2014	Through this study, we have provided the first evidence on the pivotal role of arginine 213 that determines the p53 mediated functions of p21 in human cancer cells.	Arginine	79-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
24692711-4	2014	Nobiletin induced cell-cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase by suppressing ERK1/2 activity, with concomitant cyclin-D1 suppression and p21 up-regulation.	nobiletin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
24485799-5	2014	Our data show that combination of romidepsin and bortezomib caused cell cycle arrest at Sub G0-G1 transition, up-regulation of cell cycle protein p21 and tumour suppressor protein p53.	Bortezomib	49-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
24635079-8	2014	ATRA also induced G1 cell-cycle arrest, inhibited the expression of cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4 and cyclinE/CDK2, and increased the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27.	Tretinoin	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
24535104-5	2014	Therefore, our studies showed that RC-6 can increase p16 and p21 protein levels and induce cellular senescence in NT2 cells.	rc-6	35-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
24476133-7	2014	We observed that administration of MK-2206, an allosteric AKT inhibitor, increased levels of reactive oxygen species, up-regulated the microRNA miR-182 and several senescence-associated genes (including p16, p53, p21, and beta-galactosidase), and drove leiomyoma cells into stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS).	MK 2206	35-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	213-216
24573532-8	2014	In addition, PFT-alpha (a p53 inhibitor) reduced the apoptotic rates and the expression of p53, p21, caspase-3 and caspase-9 induced by tangeretin, indicating that tangeretin-induced apoptosis was p53-dependent.	tangeretin	136-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
24931021-9	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Metformin may inhibit the proliferation of Fadu cells by inducing the cell cycle arrest in G1 phase mediated in part by AMPK and P21.	Metformin	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
24931021-6	2014	RESULTS: Metformin inhibited the proliferation of Fadu cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner.Flow cytometry showed that cell cycle arrest in G1 phase was induced by metformin in Fadu cells.Immunocytochemistry showed the expressions of both AMPK and P21 in cells treated with metformin were higher than those in cells untreated with metformin.	Metformin	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	253-256
24931021-6	2014	RESULTS: Metformin inhibited the proliferation of Fadu cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner.Flow cytometry showed that cell cycle arrest in G1 phase was induced by metformin in Fadu cells.Immunocytochemistry showed the expressions of both AMPK and P21 in cells treated with metformin were higher than those in cells untreated with metformin.	Metformin	169-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	253-256
24323562-0	2014	p21 overexpression sensitizes osteosarcoma U2OS cells to cisplatin via evoking caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 cascade.	Cisplatin	57-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
24323562-7	2014	However, U2O3-p21 cells underwent more obvious apoptotic morphological changes than U2OS and U2OS-vec cells after being treated with cisplatin (5 mug) for 72 h. Besides, increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was observed in cisplatin-treated U2O3-p21 cells.	Cisplatin	133-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
24323562-7	2014	However, U2O3-p21 cells underwent more obvious apoptotic morphological changes than U2OS and U2OS-vec cells after being treated with cisplatin (5 mug) for 72 h. Besides, increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was observed in cisplatin-treated U2O3-p21 cells.	Cisplatin	133-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	271-274
24323562-7	2014	However, U2O3-p21 cells underwent more obvious apoptotic morphological changes than U2OS and U2OS-vec cells after being treated with cisplatin (5 mug) for 72 h. Besides, increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was observed in cisplatin-treated U2O3-p21 cells.	Cisplatin	248-257	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
24323562-8	2014	These data clearly indicated that exogenous p21 gene transfection could enhance the cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity against human osteosarcoma U2OS cells, at least in part, by activating caspase-3 cascade and increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.	Cisplatin	84-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
24607898-0	2014	DNA binding of the p21 repressor ZBTB2 is inhibited by cytosine hydroxymethylation.	Cytosine	55-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
24556504-6	2014	Lovastatin supplementation arrested cells in the G0/G1 phase and enhanced expression levels of p21, whereas the conjugate did not demonstrate cell cycle arrest nor increased p21 expression.	Lovastatin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
24559053-4	2014	X-ray crystallography of [Re(CO)3(dppzBr2)Cl] and [Re(CO)3(dppzBr)(py)]PF6 showed these crystallize in space groups triclinic P1 and monoclinic P2(1/n), respectively.	[re(co)3(dppzbr2)cl	25-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-150
24658119-1	2014	We previously showed that treating vascular endothelial cells with 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) caused cell-cycle arrest in the Go/G1 phase; this resulted from the induction of p21 and p27 and a decreased level and activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase, Cdk2.	Methylcholanthrene	67-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
24658119-1	2014	We previously showed that treating vascular endothelial cells with 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) caused cell-cycle arrest in the Go/G1 phase; this resulted from the induction of p21 and p27 and a decreased level and activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase, Cdk2.	Methylcholanthrene	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
24451377-0	2014	The Chinese herb isolate yuanhuacine (YHL-14) induces G2/M arrest in human cancer cells by up-regulating p21 protein expression through an p53 protein-independent cascade.	Yuanhuacin	25-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
24467951-2	2014	Resveratrol (Res) is a promising natural chemotherapeutic agent that regulates many cellular targets including p21, a cip/kip family of cyclin kinase inhibitors involved in DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest and blocking of DNA replication and repair.	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
24467951-2	2014	Resveratrol (Res) is a promising natural chemotherapeutic agent that regulates many cellular targets including p21, a cip/kip family of cyclin kinase inhibitors involved in DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest and blocking of DNA replication and repair.	Resveratrol	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
24618722-6	2014	Thiacremonone (0-50 mug/ml) inhibited lung cancer cell growth in a concentration dependent manner through induction of apoptotic cell death accompanied by induction of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax, p21 and p53, but decrease of xIAP, cIAP and Bcl2 expression.	thiacremonone	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
24618722-9	2014	In an allograft in vivo model, thiacremonone (30 mg/kg) also inhibited tumor growth accompanied with the reduction of PRDX6 expression and glutathione peroxidase activity, but increased expression of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax, p21 and p53.	thiacremonone	31-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	232-235
24451377-0	2014	The Chinese herb isolate yuanhuacine (YHL-14) induces G2/M arrest in human cancer cells by up-regulating p21 protein expression through an p53 protein-independent cascade.	Yuanhuacin	38-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
24598942-5	2014	Further studies demonstrated that zardaverine induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest of sensitive HCC cells through dysregulating cell cycle-associated proteins, including Cdk4, Cdk6, Cdk2, Cyclin A, Cyclin E, p21 and Rb.	zardaverine	34-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
24552166-1	2014	5d and 3d hybrid solid-state oxide Ca2FeOsO6 crystallizes into an ordered double-perovskite structure with a space group of P21/n with high-pressures and temperatures.	Oxides	29-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
24492005-3	2014	We demonstrate that G9a upregulates p21 via interaction with PCAF, and provide evidence that the activating complex is recruited to the p21 promoter upon DNA damage-inducing agent etoposide treatment.	Etoposide	180-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
24552166-1	2014	5d and 3d hybrid solid-state oxide Ca2FeOsO6 crystallizes into an ordered double-perovskite structure with a space group of P21/n with high-pressures and temperatures.	ca2feoso6	35-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
24596384-6	2014	Additionally, quinuclidinone 2 induced G1 phase arrest presumably sensitizing breast cancer cells to apoptosis by increasing expression of p21.	1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-one	14-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
24595168-4	2014	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have shown here that caffeine up-regulates the tumor suppressor proteins p16, p21, p53 and Cav-1, and reduces the expression/secretion of various cytokines (IL-6, TGF-beta, SDF-1 and MMP-2), and down-regulates alpha-SMA.	Caffeine	56-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
24286391-9	2014	OFLX significantly upregulated the expression of p21 and bax genes.	Ofloxacin	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
23934182-1	2014	Our recent study showing association of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypomethioninemia in breast cancer and other studies indicating association of hyperhomocysteinemia with metastasis and development of drug resistance in breast cancer cells treated with homocysteine lead us to hypothesize that homocysteine might modulate the expression of certain tumor suppressors, i.e., RASSF1, RARbeta1, CNND1, BRCA1, and p21, and might influence prognostic markers such as BNIP3 by inducing epigenetic alteration.	Homocysteine	149-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	408-411
23884787-4	2014	We found that EGCG treatment results in increased expression of KLF4 and alters expression of the KLF4 target genes p21, CDK4, and cyclin D1.	epigallocatechin gallate	14-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
24637250-8	2014	The results indicated that CIT inhibited HUVECs proliferation and the cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase, which is associated with decreased levels of cyclinD1 and increased expression of p53 and p21.	citreoviridin	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
24397737-6	2014	Lycopene induced strong and sustained activation of the ERK1/2, with concomitant cyclin D1 suppression and p21 upregulation in these three cell lines.	Lycopene	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
24286391-10	2014	In conclusion, the study revealed that photosensitized OFLX induced apoptosis via ROS-mediated DNA damage, destabilization of lysosomal and mitochondrial membrane, and upregulation of p21, bax, and caspase-3 genes.	Ofloxacin	55-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
23934681-7	2014	We also found that GW9662 attenuated OA-induced upregulation of C/EBPbeta, an important regulator of leukemic differentiation, and p21, which is a potent inhibitor of CDKs that can inhibit phosphorylation of Rb by cyclin D1-CDK4 complexes.	2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide	19-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
24218335-12	2014	The influence on the level of cylinB1, CDK1, and p21 was also observed after bufalin treatment, and the relationship between Hsp27 and the cell cycle-related proteins mentioned above deserves much more research.	bufalin	77-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
24365999-5	2014	However, p53-null and p21-null cells were more resistant to the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of MHY336 than p53-wt cells.	MHY336	107-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
24365999-6	2014	The same result was achieved by knocking down p53 and p21 with siRNA in p53-wt cells, indicating that p53 and p21 play a crucial role in MHY336-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.	MHY336	137-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
24365999-6	2014	The same result was achieved by knocking down p53 and p21 with siRNA in p53-wt cells, indicating that p53 and p21 play a crucial role in MHY336-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.	MHY336	137-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
24399193-5	2014	Moreover, the results clearly showed that kaempferol causes a strong inhibition of the activation of the EGFR/p38 signaling pathways, upregulation of p21 expression and downregulation of cyclin B1 expression in human RCC cells, together with activation of PARP cleavages, induction of apoptotic death and inhibition of cell growth.	kaempferol	42-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
24365999-0	2014	A novel oxiranylchromenone derivative, MHY336, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via a p53- and p21-dependent pathway in HCT116 human colon cancer cells.	oxiranylchromenone	8-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
24365999-0	2014	A novel oxiranylchromenone derivative, MHY336, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via a p53- and p21-dependent pathway in HCT116 human colon cancer cells.	MHY336	39-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
24365999-1	2014	In this study, we compared cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis on MHY336 treatment in three human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells: p53+/+ (p53-wt), p53-/- (p53-null), and p21-/- (p21-null), as well as investigated the roles of p53 and p21 in cell death.	MHY336	83-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
24365999-1	2014	In this study, we compared cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis on MHY336 treatment in three human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells: p53+/+ (p53-wt), p53-/- (p53-null), and p21-/- (p21-null), as well as investigated the roles of p53 and p21 in cell death.	MHY336	83-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
24365999-1	2014	In this study, we compared cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis on MHY336 treatment in three human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells: p53+/+ (p53-wt), p53-/- (p53-null), and p21-/- (p21-null), as well as investigated the roles of p53 and p21 in cell death.	MHY336	83-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
25337571-9	2014	Ethanol also increased the phosphorylation of p53 and p53 activation was followed by an increase in the p21 tumor suppressor protein accompanied by a gradual decrease in phospho-Rb protein.	Ethanol	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
24343584-3	2014	Both oxyhydroxides crystallize in a P2(1)/c monoclinic unit cell and have a structure resembling that of the related salts.	oxyhydroxides	5-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-41
24211300-5	2014	BIM-23244 (SS2R/SS5R) led to p21 increment only in PC-3 cells, and to pERK1/2 reduction in both cell lines.	bim	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
24643130-3	2014	Here, we reported that capsaicin had a profound anti-proliferative effect on human colon cancer cells via inducing cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis, which was associated with an increase of p21, Bax and cleaved PARP.	Capsaicin	23-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
24587053-6	2014	In addition, TCDD exposure altered the expression of senescence marker proteins, such as p16, p21 and p-Rb, in both dose- and time-dependent manners.	Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
24327721-11	2014	Naproxen caused an accumulation of cells at the G1 phase mediated through cyclin-dependent kinase 4, cyclin D1, and p21.	Naproxen	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
24516636-9	2014	(-)-Epicatechin enhanced Chk2 phosphorylation and p21 induction when combined with radiation in cancer, but not normal, cells.	Catechin	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
24437929-2	2014	(NH4)2PaF7, K2PaF7, Rb2PaF7, and Cs2PaF7 were found to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c for the ammonium compound and C2/c for the K(+)-, Rb(+)-, and Cs(+)-containing compounds, with nine-coordinate Pa forming infinite chains through fluorine bridges.	nh4)	1-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-102
24437929-2	2014	(NH4)2PaF7, K2PaF7, Rb2PaF7, and Cs2PaF7 were found to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c for the ammonium compound and C2/c for the K(+)-, Rb(+)-, and Cs(+)-containing compounds, with nine-coordinate Pa forming infinite chains through fluorine bridges.	Protactinium	6-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-102
24384380-0	2014	Shikonin induces cell cycle arrest in human gastric cancer (AGS) by early growth response 1 (Egr1)-mediated p21 gene expression.	shikonin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
24241211-6	2014	In addition, BI-D1870 also induced G2/M arrest by modulating the expression of p21 and other cell cycle regulators.	BI D1870	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
24189165-4	2014	It was also identified that the transcriptional activation of p53 and the activation of p21 promoter by spermine are related to the induction of autophagy in reporter gene assay.	Spermine	104-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
24342076-9	2014	These findings identify p21 as a key determinant of DOX resistance downstream of FAK in cardiomyocytes and indicate that cardiac-restricted enhancement of the FAK/p21 signaling axis might be an effective strategy to preserve myocardial function in patients receiving anthracycline chemotherapy.	Doxorubicin	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
24430184-5	2014	Using cultured lung cancer cells, we showed that SAG knockdown suppressed growth and survival, inactivated both NF-kappaB and mTOR pathways, and resulted in accumulation of tumor suppressor substrates, including p21, p27, NOXA, and BIM.	sagopilone	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	212-215
24342076-9	2014	These findings identify p21 as a key determinant of DOX resistance downstream of FAK in cardiomyocytes and indicate that cardiac-restricted enhancement of the FAK/p21 signaling axis might be an effective strategy to preserve myocardial function in patients receiving anthracycline chemotherapy.	Anthracyclines	267-280	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
24297112-8	2014	Furthermore, the activation of the p38 kinase promoted the activation of p53 and its downstream target p21, and further caused caspase-9 and -3 activation, as demonstrated by evidence showing that the p38 inhibitor SB203580 not only blocked the phosphorylation of p38 but also reduced the activation of p53, p21 and caspase-9 and -3.	SB 203580	215-223	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
24293651-5	2014	Multiple nanometer distances in the p21-RE and BAX-RE, measured using a nucleotide-independent nitroxide probe and double-electron-electron-resonance spectroscopy, were used to derive molecular models of unbound REs from pools of all-atom structures generated by Monte-Carlo simulations, thus enabling analyses to reveal sequence-dependent DNA shape features of unbound REs in solution.	Hydroxylamine	95-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
24297112-5	2014	Moreover, oridonin increased the expression of p-p53 with a concomitant increase in p21 in the SW1990 cells.	oridonin	10-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
24297112-8	2014	Furthermore, the activation of the p38 kinase promoted the activation of p53 and its downstream target p21, and further caused caspase-9 and -3 activation, as demonstrated by evidence showing that the p38 inhibitor SB203580 not only blocked the phosphorylation of p38 but also reduced the activation of p53, p21 and caspase-9 and -3.	SB 203580	215-223	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	308-311
25551711-3	2014	The product 3,3"-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)methyl]bis-(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one)   ethanol crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/n.	3,3"-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]bis-(4-hydroxy-2h-chromen-2-one)   ethanol	12-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-141
24640606-5	2014	Further studies indicated that kirenol treatment triggered the arrest of cell cycle S period which might resulted from the up-regulation of phosphorylation of p53 (Ser 6 and Ser 37) and expression of p21 protein.	kirenol	31-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
24339045-1	2014	The reaction of (NO2 )(CF3 SO3 ) and elemental palladium in oleum (65 % SO3 ) leads to violet single crystals of Pd(HS2 O7 )2 (monoclinic, P21 /c, Z=2, a=927.80(9), b=682.58(7), c=920.84(9) pm, beta=117.756(2) , wR2 =0.0439).	Nitrogen Dioxide	17-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
24339045-1	2014	The reaction of (NO2 )(CF3 SO3 ) and elemental palladium in oleum (65 % SO3 ) leads to violet single crystals of Pd(HS2 O7 )2 (monoclinic, P21 /c, Z=2, a=927.80(9), b=682.58(7), c=920.84(9) pm, beta=117.756(2) , wR2 =0.0439).	Palladium	47-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
24339045-1	2014	The reaction of (NO2 )(CF3 SO3 ) and elemental palladium in oleum (65 % SO3 ) leads to violet single crystals of Pd(HS2 O7 )2 (monoclinic, P21 /c, Z=2, a=927.80(9), b=682.58(7), c=920.84(9) pm, beta=117.756(2) , wR2 =0.0439).	Palladium	113-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
24289924-3	2014	We further show that cellular ATP level might act as a molecular switch for Thr55 phosphorylation on the p21 promoter, indicating that TAF1 is a cellular ATP sensor.	Adenosine Triphosphate	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
24289924-3	2014	We further show that cellular ATP level might act as a molecular switch for Thr55 phosphorylation on the p21 promoter, indicating that TAF1 is a cellular ATP sensor.	Adenosine Triphosphate	154-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
24289924-4	2014	Upon DNA damage, cells undergo PARP-1-dependent ATP depletion, which is correlated with reduced TAF1 kinase activity and Thr55 phosphorylation, resulting in p21 activation.	Adenosine Triphosphate	48-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
24415827-1	2014	The crystal structure of the anticancer drug oxaliplatin, [Pt(R,R-DACH)(oxalate)] (DACH = diaminocyclohexane), was first reported in the non-centrosymmetric space group P21, confirming the sole presence of the R,R enantiomer of the DACH ligand [M. A. Bruck et al., Inorg.	Oxaliplatin	45-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
24415827-1	2014	The crystal structure of the anticancer drug oxaliplatin, [Pt(R,R-DACH)(oxalate)] (DACH = diaminocyclohexane), was first reported in the non-centrosymmetric space group P21, confirming the sole presence of the R,R enantiomer of the DACH ligand [M. A. Bruck et al., Inorg.	pt(r,r-dach)(oxalate)	59-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
24415827-1	2014	The crystal structure of the anticancer drug oxaliplatin, [Pt(R,R-DACH)(oxalate)] (DACH = diaminocyclohexane), was first reported in the non-centrosymmetric space group P21, confirming the sole presence of the R,R enantiomer of the DACH ligand [M. A. Bruck et al., Inorg.	1,2-cyclohexanediamine	83-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
24337632-7	2014	LY294002 induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 in SNU-449 and Mahlavu cells by decreasing expression of CDK2, CDK4, CycD1, CycD3, CycE, CycA and increasing expression of p21 and p27 as well; it also caused a decrease in the E2F1 transcriptional activity through declining phosphorylated Rb.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
24401087-12	2014	Moreover, Stat6 overexpression and knockdown, respectively, increased or prevented the induction of p21 and p27 gene expression by progesterone.	Progesterone	131-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
24467547-3	2014	FUR concentration-dependently inhibited cell proliferation and blocked the cell cycle progressions in G1 phase by down-regulating the protein levels of cyclin D1 and CDK6, and up-regulating those of p21 and p27 in 95-D cells.	furanodiene	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
24036327-9	2014	CONCLUSIONS: PPARgamma signaling pathway, via stimulating p21 and inhibiting cyclin D1, may play an important role in the anti-proliferative effects of carotenoid and rosiglitazone combination on K562 cells.	Carotenoids	152-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
23983146-8	2014	In addition, neferine could induce p53 and its effector protein p21 and downregulation of cell cycle regulatory protein cyclin D1 thereby inducing G1 cell cycle arrest.	neferine	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
24036327-9	2014	CONCLUSIONS: PPARgamma signaling pathway, via stimulating p21 and inhibiting cyclin D1, may play an important role in the anti-proliferative effects of carotenoid and rosiglitazone combination on K562 cells.	Rosiglitazone	167-180	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
24036327-8	2014	Moreover, GW9662 and PPARgamma siRNA also significantly attenuated the up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of cyclin D1 caused by carotenoids and rosiglitazone.	Carotenoids	135-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
24877132-5	2014	3beta-Adiol (10 nM) is the sole ligand decreasing cell proliferation and increasing p21 levels.	3beta-adiol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
24036327-8	2014	Moreover, GW9662 and PPARgamma siRNA also significantly attenuated the up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of cyclin D1 caused by carotenoids and rosiglitazone.	Rosiglitazone	151-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
25162034-7	2014	Additionally, H2O2 treatment reduced eNOS expression, enhanced p21 expression, and dephosphorylated (activated) retinoblastoma (Rb) protein.	Hydrogen Peroxide	14-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
24345738-6	2014	Conversely, nutlin-3 induced a p21-dependent growth arrest, rather than apoptosis, and was slightly toxic on HMC-hTERT.	nutlin 3	12-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
25482947-7	2014	Synthetic inhibitors of mTOR (temsirolimus, LY294.002 and PP242) also impaired actinomycin D triggered p53 stabilization and induction of p21.	ly294	44-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
25482947-7	2014	Synthetic inhibitors of mTOR (temsirolimus, LY294.002 and PP242) also impaired actinomycin D triggered p53 stabilization and induction of p21.	PP242	58-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
25482947-7	2014	Synthetic inhibitors of mTOR (temsirolimus, LY294.002 and PP242) also impaired actinomycin D triggered p53 stabilization and induction of p21.	Dactinomycin	79-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
25486476-4	2014	We have previously shown that PD0332991 inhibits not only CDK4/6 activity but also the activation by phosphorylation of the bulk of cyclin D-CDK4 complexes stabilized by p21 binding.	palbociclib	30-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
25486476-6	2014	Indeed, whereas PD0332991 inhibits the phosphorylation and activity of p21-bound CDK4/6, it specifically stabilized activated cyclin D3-CDK4/6 complexes devoid of p21 and p27.	palbociclib	16-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
25700359-5	2014	TEA treatment also caused significant increases in mRNA and protein levels of tumor-suppressor proteins p53 and p21, and the upregulation was attenuated by pretreatment of NAC.	Tetraethylammonium	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
26166893-2	2014	Orange-yellow tetrakis(4-methylpyridinium) bis(4-methylpyridine)-gamma-octamolybdate 1 crystallizes in space group P21/c with a = 11.586(2) A, b = 15.526(2) A, c = 16.247(2) A, beta = 118.753(1)o, Z = 2.	orange-yellow tetrakis(4-methylpyridinium) bis(4-methylpyridine)-gamma-octamolybdate	0-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
26629942-11	2014	In addition, calcitriol increased p21 expression and promoter activity.	Calcitriol	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
26629942-13	2014	Thus, our results suggested that calcitriol inhibited HeLa S3 cell proliferation by decreasing HCCR-1 expression and increasing p21 expression.	Calcitriol	33-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
25116350-0	2014	Up-regulation of P21 inhibits TRAIL-mediated extrinsic apoptosis, contributing resistance to SAHA in acute myeloid leukemia cells.	Vorinostat	93-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
25116350-2	2014	In this study we examined the effect of altered p21 expression on the sensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia cells in response to HDAC inhibitor SAHA treatment and investigated the underlying mechanism.	Vorinostat	144-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
25116350-8	2014	Enforced expression of p21 in HL60 cells reduced sensitivity to SAHA and blocked TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.	Vorinostat	64-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
25116350-9	2014	Conversely, p21 silencing in NB4 cells enhanced SAHA-mediated apoptosis and lethality.	Vorinostat	48-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
25116350-10	2014	Finally, we found that combined treatment with SAHA and rapamycin down-regulated p21 and enhanced apoptosis in AML cells.	Vorinostat	47-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
25116350-10	2014	Finally, we found that combined treatment with SAHA and rapamycin down-regulated p21 and enhanced apoptosis in AML cells.	Sirolimus	56-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
25116350-11	2014	CONCLUSION: We conclude that up-regulated p21 expression mediates resistance to SAHA via inhibition of TRAIL apoptotic pathway.	Vorinostat	80-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
25116350-12	2014	P21 may serve as a candidate biomarker to predict responsiveness or resistance to SAHA-based therapy in AML patients.	Vorinostat	82-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
25116350-13	2014	In addition, rapamycin may be an effective agent to override p21-mediated resistance to SAHA in AML patients.	Sirolimus	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
25116350-13	2014	In addition, rapamycin may be an effective agent to override p21-mediated resistance to SAHA in AML patients.	Vorinostat	88-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
24169561-9	2014	Furthermore, CRT knock-down suppressed the ovarian steroid-stimulated PRL and IGFBP1 expression and morphological differentiation, and silencing of EPAC2 or CRT significantly increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity with enhanced p21 expression and decreased p53 expression.	Steroids	51-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	249-252
26168133-7	2014	Berberine induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase by upregulation of p53 and p21 expression and suppressed cyclin B1, cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (cdc2), cdc25c, and phosphorylated retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor protein (pRb) expression.	Berberine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
26168133-9	2014	Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt with LY294002 (LY) and p38 kinase with SB203580 (SB), respectively, decreased berberine-induced p53 and p21 expression and restored cell proliferation and expression of cyclin B1, cdc2, cdc25c, and pRb cell cycle progression proteins.	Berberine	133-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
24177866-2	2014	The Cl1 Single crystals were successfully grown by the slow evaporation method at a constant temperature 35 C. Single crystal XRD confirms the Cl1 molecule belongs to monoclinic crystal system and space group P21/C with a=10.114, b=11.127, c=14.929 and V=1668.9 and Z=4.	cl1	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
24177866-2	2014	The Cl1 Single crystals were successfully grown by the slow evaporation method at a constant temperature 35 C. Single crystal XRD confirms the Cl1 molecule belongs to monoclinic crystal system and space group P21/C with a=10.114, b=11.127, c=14.929 and V=1668.9 and Z=4.	cl1	143-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
24262031-3	2013	[Mn2LAc](ClO4) (DMF)0.5, [Mn2LAc](ClO4) (ACN)0.5, and [Zn2LAc](PF6) crystallized in the space group P2(1)/c, with nearly identical unit-cell dimensions and geometric structures.	[Mn2LAc](ClO4)	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-107
24311505-1	2013	4-Oxo-N-phenyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide, C16H11NO3, crystallizes in the space group P2(1)/n and its derivative 7-methoxy-4-oxo-N-p-tolyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide, C18H15NO4, forms two polymorphs which crystallize in the space groups P2(1)/c and P1.	4-Oxo-N-phenyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide	0-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-90
24311505-1	2013	4-Oxo-N-phenyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide, C16H11NO3, crystallizes in the space group P2(1)/n and its derivative 7-methoxy-4-oxo-N-p-tolyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide, C18H15NO4, forms two polymorphs which crystallize in the space groups P2(1)/c and P1.	4-Oxo-N-phenyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide	0-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	235-240
24311505-1	2013	4-Oxo-N-phenyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide, C16H11NO3, crystallizes in the space group P2(1)/n and its derivative 7-methoxy-4-oxo-N-p-tolyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide, C18H15NO4, forms two polymorphs which crystallize in the space groups P2(1)/c and P1.	Anhydrolycorinone	42-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-90
24311505-1	2013	4-Oxo-N-phenyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide, C16H11NO3, crystallizes in the space group P2(1)/n and its derivative 7-methoxy-4-oxo-N-p-tolyl-4H-chromene-2-carboxamide, C18H15NO4, forms two polymorphs which crystallize in the space groups P2(1)/c and P1.	Anhydrolycorinone	42-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	235-240
25552063-3	2014	In experimental studies it was showed that synthetic antineoplastons (A10-3-phenyl-acetyl-amino-2,6-piperidinedione and AS2-1--a mixture of phenylacetic acid and phenylacetylglutamine) were able to prevent the introduction of glutamine into the cell, to block the action of Bcl-2, to activate p53 and p21, to inhibit histone deacetylase, to induce apoptosis.	a10-3-phenyl-acetyl-amino-2,6-piperidinedione	70-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	301-304
25552063-3	2014	In experimental studies it was showed that synthetic antineoplastons (A10-3-phenyl-acetyl-amino-2,6-piperidinedione and AS2-1--a mixture of phenylacetic acid and phenylacetylglutamine) were able to prevent the introduction of glutamine into the cell, to block the action of Bcl-2, to activate p53 and p21, to inhibit histone deacetylase, to induce apoptosis.	as2-1--a	120-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	301-304
24161784-6	2013	Cell viability assays and cytometric analysis of p53 and p21 null cells indicated that BBR3610-DACH-induced cell cycle arrest was p21-dependent and partially p53-dependent.	BBR3610	87-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
24161784-6	2013	Cell viability assays and cytometric analysis of p53 and p21 null cells indicated that BBR3610-DACH-induced cell cycle arrest was p21-dependent and partially p53-dependent.	BBR3610	87-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
24161784-6	2013	Cell viability assays and cytometric analysis of p53 and p21 null cells indicated that BBR3610-DACH-induced cell cycle arrest was p21-dependent and partially p53-dependent.	1,2-cyclohexanediamine	95-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
24161784-6	2013	Cell viability assays and cytometric analysis of p53 and p21 null cells indicated that BBR3610-DACH-induced cell cycle arrest was p21-dependent and partially p53-dependent.	1,2-cyclohexanediamine	95-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
23948751-8	2013	Further studies revealed that LY and PD significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of BA145 on cell cycle regulatory proteins by upregulating hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma, pRB (S795) and downregulating p21 and cyclin E. More importantly, all these events were reversed by caspase inhibition by Z-VAD-fmk, suggesting that both LY and PD act at the level of caspases to diminish the apoptosis induced by BA145.	ba145	88-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
24203813-4	2013	The structure of Cs[B(S2O7)(SO4)] (P2(1)/c; a=10.4525(6), b=11.3191(14), c=8.2760(8) A; beta=103.206(1); Z=4) combines, for the first time, sulfate and disulfate units into a chain structure.	Cesium	17-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-42
24203813-4	2013	The structure of Cs[B(S2O7)(SO4)] (P2(1)/c; a=10.4525(6), b=11.3191(14), c=8.2760(8) A; beta=103.206(1); Z=4) combines, for the first time, sulfate and disulfate units into a chain structure.	b(s2o7)(so4)	20-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-42
24309939-0	2013	Wentilactone A as a novel potential antitumor agent induces apoptosis and G2/M arrest of human lung carcinoma cells, and is mediated by HRas-GTP accumulation to excessively activate the Ras/Raf/ERK/p53-p21 pathway.	wentilactone	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
24309939-10	2013	Molecular docking analysis suggested that WA could bind to HRas-GTP, causing accumulation of Ras-GTP and excessive activation of Raf/ERK/p53-p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
24309939-10	2013	Molecular docking analysis suggested that WA could bind to HRas-GTP, causing accumulation of Ras-GTP and excessive activation of Raf/ERK/p53-p21.	ras-gtp	60-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
24161692-5	2013	Simultaneously, quinocetone induced HepG2 cell cycle arrest, which was supported by overexpression of p21.	quinocetone	16-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
24304587-6	2013	Low dose SVP treatment also increased acetylation of histone H3 and H4 on p21 promoter, accompanied by up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of RB phosphorylation.	Valproic Acid	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
24304587-6	2013	Low dose SVP treatment also increased acetylation of histone H3 and H4 on p21 promoter, accompanied by up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of RB phosphorylation.	Valproic Acid	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
24304587-7	2013	These observations suggested that a low dose of SVP could induce cell senescence in hepatocarcinoma cells, which might correlate with hyperacetylation of histone H3 and H4, up-regulation of p21, and inhibition of RB phosphorylation.	Valproic Acid	48-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
23787902-8	2013	Ectopic expression of DACH1 enhanced chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by inducing p21 expression in HCC cells.	Fluorouracil	57-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
23787902-8	2013	Ectopic expression of DACH1 enhanced chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by inducing p21 expression in HCC cells.	Fluorouracil	73-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
23625774-9	2013	Furthermore, miR-302a-enhanced cisplatin sensitivity was partially mediated through the down-regulation of p21 in NT2 cells.	Cisplatin	31-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
24085108-7	2013	EA treatment resulted in the increased expression of the tumor suppressor protein p21 and increased the percentage of apoptotic cells.	Ellagic Acid	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
25337562-8	2013	The expression of p21 was increased but the phosphorylation of Akt was inhibited in BS-IV-treated YD-10B cells.	yd-10b	98-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
23418094-4	2013	H2 O2 induced apoptosis in the cells through activation of pro-apoptotic p21, Bax, and caspase-3.	Hydrogen Peroxide	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
24263099-6	2013	Importantly, Bortezomib inhibits G2/M transition by inhibiting proteasomal degradation of cell cycle regulatory proteins such as p21, thereby preventing cells to enter mitosis, the cell cycle phase in which they are most vulnerable to antitubulin chemotherapeutics.	Bortezomib	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
24114842-8	2013	By inhibiting HDAC activity, CQ induced expression of p21, p27, and p53, cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, and cell apoptosis.	Clioquinol	29-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
23907579-4	2013	The result showed that the proliferation rate and colony-forming abilities of gastric cancer cells were significantly suppressed by DHA together with significant suppression of the expressions of proliferation markers (PCNA, cyclin E, and cyclin D1), and upregulation of p21 and p27.	artenimol	132-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	271-274
24076166-10	2013	Carbocysteine in CSE stimulated bronchial epithelial cells, reduced: (1) TLR4, LPS binding and p21; (2) IL-8 mRNA and IL-8 release due to IL-1 stimulation; (3) neutrophil chemotactic migration.	Carbocysteine	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
23999988-3	2013	Single crystals of LiCN3H4 were obtained using a solvothermal route in liquid ammonia, and the crystal structure was determined at 100 K using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (monoclinic, P2(1)/c, Z = 4, a = 7.251(2) A, b = 4.532(2) A, c = 9.051(2) A, beta = 103.315(3) ).	licn3h4	19-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-196
23995341-2	2013	The symmetry ambiguity between P2(1) and P2(1)/m of the high temperature polymorph of BiPO4 has been resolved by a neutron diffraction study.	bipo4	86-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-36
23995341-2	2013	The symmetry ambiguity between P2(1) and P2(1)/m of the high temperature polymorph of BiPO4 has been resolved by a neutron diffraction study.	bipo4	86-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-46
23933099-0	2013	Simvastatin rises reactive oxygen species levels and induces senescence in human melanoma cells by activation of p53/p21 pathway.	Simvastatin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
23933099-4	2013	Also, the main pathways leading to cell senescence were examined in simvastatin-treated human melanoma cells, and the expression levels of phospho-p53 and p21 were upregulated by simvastatin, suggesting that cell cycle regulators and DNA damage pathways are involved in the onset of senescence.	Simvastatin	68-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
23933099-4	2013	Also, the main pathways leading to cell senescence were examined in simvastatin-treated human melanoma cells, and the expression levels of phospho-p53 and p21 were upregulated by simvastatin, suggesting that cell cycle regulators and DNA damage pathways are involved in the onset of senescence.	Simvastatin	179-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
23933099-7	2013	Collectively, our results demonstrated that simvastatin can induce senescence in human melanoma cells by activation of p53/p21 pathway, and that oxidative stress may be related to this process.	Simvastatin	44-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
23954467-4	2013	Teroxirone caused transient elevation of p53 that activates downstream p21 and procaspase-3 cleavage.	teroxirone	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
23831333-3	2013	MDA-MB-231 cells cultured in the presence of DIOA exhibited an increase in cell volume, a decrease in intracellular Cl(-) concentration, and reduction in cell proliferation with the G0/G1 phase arrest, which was accompanied with down-regulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin E2, and up-regulation of p21.	((dihydroindenyl)oxy)alkanoic acid	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
24236158-6	2013	In contrast, SAHA increased expression of Caspase-3, p21 and p53 mRNA, and upregulated acetyl-Histones H3 and H4, Caspase-8, and p53 proteins.	Vorinostat	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
24223226-0	2013	Branched-chain amino acids enhance premature senescence through mammalian target of rapamycin complex I-mediated upregulation of p21 protein.	Amino Acids, Branched-Chain	0-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
24223226-10	2013	Interestingly, the protein levels of p21, a p53 target and well-known gene essential for the execution of cellular senescence, were upregulated in the presence of BCAAs.	Amino Acids, Branched-Chain	163-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
24192163-4	2013	Crystals of (+-)-threo-ritalinic acid belong to the P21/n space group and form intermolecular hydrogen bonds.	(+-)-threo-ritalinic acid	12-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
24269881-6	2013	Ceramide treatment also upregulated (p&lt;0.05) p53 and p21 protein expression, that was reversed by either pifithrin-alpha or shRNA for p53.	Ceramides	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
23911866-5	2013	The resulting accumulation of p53 proteins from phosphorylation at Ser-15 and Ser-392 correlated with an increase in p21 and caspase activation.	Serine	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
23911866-5	2013	The resulting accumulation of p53 proteins from phosphorylation at Ser-15 and Ser-392 correlated with an increase in p21 and caspase activation.	Serine	78-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
24082141-0	2013	p21-mediated RNR2 repression restricts HIV-1 replication in macrophages by inhibiting dNTP biosynthesis pathway.	Parathion	86-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
24042364-3	2013	Two stable crystalline structures of tris(tertrazolyl)amine were located belonging to P1 and P21 space groups.	tris(tertrazolyl)amine	37-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
24144209-12	2013	Furthermore, phosphorylation of p21-activated kinase PAK downstream of Rac-1 was reduced by DMOG in a HIF-1alpha-dependent manner.	oxalylglycine	92-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
24204428-2	2013	6,7,8,9-Tetrafluoro-4-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c space group and 6,7,8,9-tetrafluoro-1,4-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one in the triclinic P-1 space group.	6,7,8,9-tetrafluoro-4-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2h-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one	0-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-104
24082141-3	2013	In the attempt to understand the p21-mediated restriction mechanisms, we found that p21 impairs HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)mac reverse transcription in macrophages by reducing the intracellular deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) pool to levels below those required for viral cDNA synthesis by a SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1)-independent pathway.	Deoxyribonucleotides	212-231	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
24082141-3	2013	In the attempt to understand the p21-mediated restriction mechanisms, we found that p21 impairs HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)mac reverse transcription in macrophages by reducing the intracellular deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) pool to levels below those required for viral cDNA synthesis by a SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1)-independent pathway.	Deoxyribonucleotides	212-231	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
24082141-3	2013	In the attempt to understand the p21-mediated restriction mechanisms, we found that p21 impairs HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)mac reverse transcription in macrophages by reducing the intracellular deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) pool to levels below those required for viral cDNA synthesis by a SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1)-independent pathway.	Parathion	233-237	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
24082141-3	2013	In the attempt to understand the p21-mediated restriction mechanisms, we found that p21 impairs HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)mac reverse transcription in macrophages by reducing the intracellular deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) pool to levels below those required for viral cDNA synthesis by a SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1)-independent pathway.	Parathion	233-237	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
24082141-4	2013	We found that p21 blocks dNTP biosynthesis by down-regulating the expression of the RNR2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme essential for the reduction of ribonucleotides to dNTP.	Parathion	25-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
24082141-4	2013	We found that p21 blocks dNTP biosynthesis by down-regulating the expression of the RNR2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme essential for the reduction of ribonucleotides to dNTP.	Parathion	186-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
23904037-2	2013	[Th(H2O)4(edta)] (Th1) crystallized in monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with unit cell parameters of a = 8.5275(5) A, b = 12.0635(7) A, c = 15.8825(9) A, and beta = 105.340(2) .	[th(h2o)4	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-67
24051088-2	2013	However, in this study we found that adenosine treatment results in cellular senescence in A549 lung cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo; adenosine induces cell cycle arrest and senescence in a p53/p21 dependent manner; adenosine elevates the level of phosphor-gammaH2AX, pCHK2 and pBRCA1, the markers for prolonged DNA damage response which are likely responsible for initiating the cellular senescence.	Adenosine	37-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
24051088-2	2013	However, in this study we found that adenosine treatment results in cellular senescence in A549 lung cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo; adenosine induces cell cycle arrest and senescence in a p53/p21 dependent manner; adenosine elevates the level of phosphor-gammaH2AX, pCHK2 and pBRCA1, the markers for prolonged DNA damage response which are likely responsible for initiating the cellular senescence.	Adenosine	141-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
24051088-2	2013	However, in this study we found that adenosine treatment results in cellular senescence in A549 lung cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo; adenosine induces cell cycle arrest and senescence in a p53/p21 dependent manner; adenosine elevates the level of phosphor-gammaH2AX, pCHK2 and pBRCA1, the markers for prolonged DNA damage response which are likely responsible for initiating the cellular senescence.	Adenosine	141-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
24113589-5	2013	Pretreatment with nitric oxide (NO) scavengers suppressed the apoptotic biochemical changes induced by 20 muM emodin, and attenuated emodin-induced p53 and p21 expression involved in apoptotic signaling.	Nitric Oxide	18-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
24028450-2	2013	Their crystal structures have been studied by X-ray and neutron powder diffraction at room temperature (RT) and 2 K. At RT, these oxides crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n with unit-cell parameters a    2a0, b    2a0, and c   2a0, and beta   90 .	Oxides	130-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-184
23904037-2	2013	[Th(H2O)4(edta)] (Th1) crystallized in monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with unit cell parameters of a = 8.5275(5) A, b = 12.0635(7) A, c = 15.8825(9) A, and beta = 105.340(2) .	Edetic Acid	10-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-67
23729655-4	2013	In vitro, DAPM suppressed cell proliferation and induced the expression of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and p21 in human colon cancer cells.	dapm	10-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
23729655-5	2013	Interestingly, p21-null HCT 116 cells were largely resistant to the suppressive effects of DAPM on cell proliferation compared with the parental cells.	dapm	91-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
23729655-11	2013	Our results suggest that inhibition of Notch signaling by DAPM provides a potential chemopreventive strategy for patients with tubular adenomas, in part via activation of the KLF4-p21 axis.	dapm	58-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
23716467-0	2013	Bortezomib induces apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells through microRNA-17-5p by targeting p21.	Bortezomib	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
23716467-7	2013	The transfection of miR-17-5p mimics or siRNA-p21 reversed the effect of bortezomib on HTB-111 and Ishikawa cells, indicating that miR-17-5p may mediate the function of bortezomib by targeting p21 in endometrial cancer cells.	Bortezomib	73-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
23939040-5	2013	Notably, the level of p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) was increased dose-dependently by piperine treatment in both LNCaP and DU145 but not in PC-3 cells, in line with more robust cell cycle arrest in the former two cell lines than the latter one.	piperine	80-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
23716467-7	2013	The transfection of miR-17-5p mimics or siRNA-p21 reversed the effect of bortezomib on HTB-111 and Ishikawa cells, indicating that miR-17-5p may mediate the function of bortezomib by targeting p21 in endometrial cancer cells.	Bortezomib	73-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
23716467-7	2013	The transfection of miR-17-5p mimics or siRNA-p21 reversed the effect of bortezomib on HTB-111 and Ishikawa cells, indicating that miR-17-5p may mediate the function of bortezomib by targeting p21 in endometrial cancer cells.	Bortezomib	169-179	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
23716467-7	2013	The transfection of miR-17-5p mimics or siRNA-p21 reversed the effect of bortezomib on HTB-111 and Ishikawa cells, indicating that miR-17-5p may mediate the function of bortezomib by targeting p21 in endometrial cancer cells.	Bortezomib	169-179	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
24270384-3	2013	Further examination showed that Celergen enhanced expression of the p21(CIPl1WAF1), GADD153 genes and downregulated the c-myc gene.	celergen	32-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
24026251-12	2013	The present study also showed that treatment with ethanol resulted in significant increases in the expression of p21, but not the levels of p53 and p53 target genes such as Bax, Puma, and Bcl-2.	Ethanol	50-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
24026251-13	2013	Furthermore, the inhibition of p75NTR expression or Sp1 activity suppressed ethanol-induced p21 expression, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis.	Ethanol	76-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
23873413-4	2013	In the course of this study, the single-crystal X-ray structure of lisinopril dihydrate, [a = 14.550(2), b = 5.8917(8), c = 14.238(2) A, beta = 112.832(3)  at T = 173(2) K, space group P21 , Z = 2], was determined for the first time, revealing its double zwitterionic character in the solid state.	Lisinopril	67-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
23900299-6	2013	Triptolide treatment resulted in a significant decrease in mRNA expression levels in genes encoding Bcl-2, cyclin D1, p27 and survivin and an increase in those encoding Bax and p21 in THP-1 cells.	triptolide	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
23797319-6	2013	The results of present study showed that MK-2206-induced G1-phase arrest was associated with a marked decrease in the protein expression of cyclin D1 with concomitant induction of p21 and p27.	MK 2206	41-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
24109558-6	2013	Our data indicate that harmine exhibits a pronounced cytotoxicity and induces an anti-proliferation state in MCF-7 cells which is accompanied by a significant inhibition of telomerase activity and an induction of an accelerated senescence phenotype by over-expressing elements of the p53/p21 pathway.	Harmine	23-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	288-291
24137434-7	2013	However, pre-treatment of the cells with tanshinone IIA inhibited p65/NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and p53/p21 pathway activation.	tanshinone	41-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
24113128-0	2013	Notch3 inhibition enhances sorafenib cytotoxic efficacy by promoting GSK3b phosphorylation and p21 down-regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma.	Sorafenib	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
24113128-3	2013	Here we found that p21 and pGSK3betaSer9 are major players in the resistance to sorafenib.	Sorafenib	80-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
24113128-5	2013	In this study we first found that Notch3 inhibition significantly increased the apoptosis inducing effect of sorafenib in HCC cells via specific down-regulation of p21 and up-regulation of pGSK3betaSer9.	Sorafenib	109-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
24113128-7	2013	Interestingly, we showed that, upon exposure to sorafenib treatment, Notch3 depleted xenografts maintain lower levels of p21 and higher levels of pGSK3betaSer9 than control xenografts.	Sorafenib	48-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
23994334-7	2013	Our results showed that GCCs can induce HPMC apoptosis by unregulated apoptosis associated with cleaved caspase3, cleaved caspase9, and p21 proteins.	gccs	24-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
23953587-6	2013	The results demonstrate that choline substitution leads to: (i) an improved preservation of oocytes and follicular cells; (ii) the recovery of a higher percentage of grade-1 follicles negative for p53, p21 and Apaf-1 apoptotic markers; (iii) a reduced mitochondrial damage as observed at an ultrastructural level; and (iv) a better preservation of ovarian tissue stroma.	Choline	29-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
24086266-0	2013	Hepatocyte expression of the senescence marker p21 is linked to fibrosis and an adverse liver-related outcome in alcohol-related liver disease.	Alcohols	113-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
24198727-4	2013	Both H2O2 treatment and AdRas12V infection induced senescence in VECs, as assessed by senescence-associated beta-Gal activity and the expression of proteins such as p53 and p21(CIP1).	Hydrogen Peroxide	5-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
24086266-3	2013	In previous studies increased hepatocyte nuclear area and hepatocyte expression of p21, both markers of senescence, were associated with increased fibrosis stage and a poor outcome in non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease, while increased hepatocyte nuclear area was related to liver dysfunction in ALD cirrhosis.	Alcohols	188-195	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
23828041-1	2013	Phosphorylation of histone H4 serine 47 (H4S47ph) is catalyzed by Pak2, a member of the p21-activated serine/threonine protein kinase (Pak) family and regulates the deposition of histone variant H3.3.	Serine	30-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
23645216-0	2013	Azidothymidine hinders arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by induction of p21 and attenuation of G2/M arrest.	Zidovudine	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
23645216-0	2013	Azidothymidine hinders arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by induction of p21 and attenuation of G2/M arrest.	Arsenic Trioxide	23-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
23645216-6	2013	QRT-PCR assay revealed that induction of p21expression by the combined AZT/ATO compared to ATO alone could be a reason for the relative decline of cells accumulation in G2/M and the increase of cells in G1 and S phases.	Zidovudine	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
23645216-6	2013	QRT-PCR assay revealed that induction of p21expression by the combined AZT/ATO compared to ATO alone could be a reason for the relative decline of cells accumulation in G2/M and the increase of cells in G1 and S phases.	Arsenic Trioxide	75-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
23645216-6	2013	QRT-PCR assay revealed that induction of p21expression by the combined AZT/ATO compared to ATO alone could be a reason for the relative decline of cells accumulation in G2/M and the increase of cells in G1 and S phases.	Arsenic Trioxide	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
23903894-1	2013	INTRODUCTION: Vorinostat is a small molecule inhibitor of class I and II histone deacetylase enzymes which alters the expression of target genes including the cell cycle gene p21, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.	Vorinostat	14-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
23903894-8	2013	p21, a downstream target of Nur77, was significantly decreased on day 9, 2 and 6 h after administration of vorinostat and bortezomib, 0.67 (0.41-1.03) (p &lt; 0.01); 0.44 (0.25-1.3) (p &lt; 0.01), respectively.	Vorinostat	107-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
23903894-8	2013	p21, a downstream target of Nur77, was significantly decreased on day 9, 2 and 6 h after administration of vorinostat and bortezomib, 0.67 (0.41-1.03) (p &lt; 0.01); 0.44 (0.25-1.3) (p &lt; 0.01), respectively.	Bortezomib	122-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
23903894-9	2013	The ChIP assay demonstrated a protein-DNA interaction, in this case interaction of Nur77, HSP70 and p21 with acetylated histone H3, at baseline and at day 9 after treatment with vorinostat in tissue biopsies in most patients.	Vorinostat	178-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
23903894-10	2013	CONCLUSION: Vorinostat inhibits Nur77 expression, which in turn may decrease p21 and AKT expression in PBMCs.	Vorinostat	12-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
23723074-4	2013	Cell-cycle analysis revealed that miR-133a induced a G0/G1-phase arrest, concomitant with the upregulation of the key G1-phase regulator p21(Cip1).	mir-133a	34-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
23723074-5	2013	We further revealed that miR-133a markedly increased p53 protein and induced p21(Cip1) transcription.	mir-133a	25-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
24005866-4	2013	Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed in the progression of cell cycle arrest, which was associated with the increased expression of cell cycle regulating factors, p53 and p21.	Reactive Oxygen Species	16-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
24005866-4	2013	Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed in the progression of cell cycle arrest, which was associated with the increased expression of cell cycle regulating factors, p53 and p21.	Reactive Oxygen Species	41-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
23752064-3	2013	Subsequent treatment with 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4-OHT) induced ER-beta nuclear translocation, upregulated pS2 and p21 levels and reduced cell viability.	4'-hydroxytamoxifen	26-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
23752064-3	2013	Subsequent treatment with 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4-OHT) induced ER-beta nuclear translocation, upregulated pS2 and p21 levels and reduced cell viability.	4,17 beta-dihydroxy-4-androstene-3-one	47-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
23810214-6	2013	By contrast, 5-fluorouracil induced G2 cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis that may be associated with p53 activation and p21 up-regulation.	Fluorouracil	13-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
24067199-0	2013	Cisplatin induces cell cycle arrest and senescence via upregulating P53 and P21 expression in HepG2 cells.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
24067199-9	2013	Western blotting confirmed P53 and P21 expression changes similar to their mRNA expressions during cisplatin-induced cellular senescence in HepG2 cells.	Cisplatin	99-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
23828041-1	2013	Phosphorylation of histone H4 serine 47 (H4S47ph) is catalyzed by Pak2, a member of the p21-activated serine/threonine protein kinase (Pak) family and regulates the deposition of histone variant H3.3.	h4s47ph	41-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
24618550-9	2013	It was found that let-7d could inhibit the proliferation of PASMCs through upregulation of p21.	pasmcs	60-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
23881456-4	2013	Treatment with cudraflavone B triggered the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway (indicated by induction of the proapoptotic protein p53 and the p21 and p27 effector proteins), downregulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins (e.g., p-Rb, changing Bax/Bcl-2 ratios, cytochrome-c release), and caspase-3 activation.	cudraflavone B	15-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
23881456-6	2013	SIRT1 activator, resveratrol, dose-dependently attenuated the growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effect of cudraflavone B and blocked cudraflavone B-induced regulatory protein expressions in the mitochondrial pathway such as p53, p21, p27, Bax, caspase-3, and cytochrome-c. Conversely, treatment with SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol caused opposite effects.	Resveratrol	17-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
23881456-6	2013	SIRT1 activator, resveratrol, dose-dependently attenuated the growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effect of cudraflavone B and blocked cudraflavone B-induced regulatory protein expressions in the mitochondrial pathway such as p53, p21, p27, Bax, caspase-3, and cytochrome-c. Conversely, treatment with SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol caused opposite effects.	cudraflavone B	113-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
23907891-1	2013	The title compound, C17H13NO4, crystallizes in two polymorphic forms, each with two molecules in the asymmetric unit and in the monoclinic space group P21/c.	c17h13no4	20-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-156
23901880-6	2013	At low temperature, RbMnPO4 exhibits a canted antiferromagnetic structure characterized by the propagation vector k1 = 0, resulting in the magnetic symmetry P2(1)".	rbmnpo4	20-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-162
23906417-3	2013	We report the structure of a new monoclinic P2(1)/n perovskite phase of ScMnO3 synthesized from the hexagonal phase under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions.	perovskite	52-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-49
23906417-3	2013	We report the structure of a new monoclinic P2(1)/n perovskite phase of ScMnO3 synthesized from the hexagonal phase under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions.	scmno3	72-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-49
23899521-5	2013	SL-01 modulated the expressions of p-ATM, p53 and p21 and decrease of cyclin D1 in MCF-7 cells.	dodecyl-3-((1-(3,3-difluoro-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-4-yl)carbamoyl)pyrazine-2-carboxylate	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
23977108-7	2013	Treatment of SK-N-DZ with PCI-24781 also induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and activated apoptosis signaling pathways via the up-regulation of DR4, p21, p53 and caspase 3.	sk-n-dz	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
23977108-7	2013	Treatment of SK-N-DZ with PCI-24781 also induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and activated apoptosis signaling pathways via the up-regulation of DR4, p21, p53 and caspase 3.	abexinostat	26-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
23754252-6	2013	In combination with cerulenin and oxaliplatin, activation of the p53-p21 pathway and p38 occurred in a smaller concentration and finally induced caspase-3 cleavage in a smaller concentration of cerulenin and oxaliplatin.	Oxaliplatin	208-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
23695011-5	2013	Mechanistic studies showed that JH-induced C8161 cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 transition, which was accompanied by overexpression of the cell cycle-suppressive genes p21 and p27 at higher doses.	jh	32-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
23607751-10	2013	On the contrary, doxorubicin abolished p21 activation and elicited p53 induction both in SSc- and HC-MSCs.	Doxorubicin	17-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
23936432-0	2013	Inhibition of proliferation and induction of autophagy by atorvastatin in PC3 prostate cancer cells correlate with downregulation of Bcl2 and upregulation of miR-182 and p21.	Atorvastatin	58-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
23754252-5	2013	Oxaliplatin induced activation of the p53-p21 pathway and p38.	Oxaliplatin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
23754252-6	2013	In combination with cerulenin and oxaliplatin, activation of the p53-p21 pathway and p38 occurred in a smaller concentration and finally induced caspase-3 cleavage in a smaller concentration of cerulenin and oxaliplatin.	Cerulenin	20-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
23754252-6	2013	In combination with cerulenin and oxaliplatin, activation of the p53-p21 pathway and p38 occurred in a smaller concentration and finally induced caspase-3 cleavage in a smaller concentration of cerulenin and oxaliplatin.	Oxaliplatin	34-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
23754252-6	2013	In combination with cerulenin and oxaliplatin, activation of the p53-p21 pathway and p38 occurred in a smaller concentration and finally induced caspase-3 cleavage in a smaller concentration of cerulenin and oxaliplatin.	Cerulenin	194-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
23299388-6	2013	Induction of acetyl-H3, acetyl-H4 and p21 by vorinostat were transient and rapidly reversed within 12 h of drug removal.	Vorinostat	45-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
23299388-7	2013	In contrast, panobinostat-induced acetyl-H3, acetyl-H4, and p21 persisted for 48 h after an initial 3 h exposure.	Panobinostat	13-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
23514434-4	2013	AgNP exposure increased apoptosis, as demonstrated by an increase in 4 ,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained apoptotic nuclei, BAX/BCL-XL ratio, cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, p53, p21 and caspases 3, 8 and 9, and by a decrease in the levels of AKT and NF-kappaB.	agnp	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-212
23936432-10	2013	Bcl2 was downregulated and p21 was upregulated in PC3 cells exposed to ATO.	Atorvastatin	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
23998584-2	2013	Apoptosis of HL-60 cells was detected by flow cytometry, the expression of P21, P27 and P53 proteins in HL-60 cells treated with MG132 was assayed by Western blot.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	129-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
23998584-7	2013	The expression of P21 and P27 protein increased after treatment of HL-60 cells with MG132.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	84-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
23998584-10	2013	The P21 and P27 protein may be involved in MG132 induced HL-60 cell apoptosis.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	43-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
23692869-7	2013	BPDE-induced cdc2 down-regulation corresponded with accumulation of the cell cycle inhibitor protein p21 (transactivation product of p53).	7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
25206494-7	2013	Ethanol also increased p53 phosphorylation, followed by an increase in p21 tumor suppressor protein and a decrease in phospho-Rb (retinoblastoma) protein, leading to alterations in the expressions and activity of cyclin dependent protein kinases.	Ethanol	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
23869224-9	2013	The anti-fibrotic action of rupatadine might relate to its attenuation of BLM- or PAF-induced premature senescence because rupatadine treatment protected against the in vivo and in vitro activation of the p53/p21-dependent senescence pathway.	rupatadine	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
23869224-9	2013	The anti-fibrotic action of rupatadine might relate to its attenuation of BLM- or PAF-induced premature senescence because rupatadine treatment protected against the in vivo and in vitro activation of the p53/p21-dependent senescence pathway.	rupatadine	123-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
23887718-8	2013	Treatment of A549 cells with PA resulted in a strong inhibition of NF-kappaB activation, which was consistent with a decrease in nuclear levels of NF-kappaB/p65 and NF-kappaB/p50 and the elevation of p53 and p21.	panduratin A	29-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	208-211
23475945-8	2013	Additionally, BMJ decreased survivin and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein but increased p21, CHOP and phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38) levels.	(12R)-12-methyltetradecanoic acid	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
23832026-1	2013	Bis(4-picoline-kappaN)gold(I) dibromidoaurate(I), [Au(C6H7N)2][AuBr2], (I), crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n, with two half cations and one general anion in the asymmetric unit.	bis(4-picoline-kappan)gold	0-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
23832026-1	2013	Bis(4-picoline-kappaN)gold(I) dibromidoaurate(I), [Au(C6H7N)2][AuBr2], (I), crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n, with two half cations and one general anion in the asymmetric unit.	dibromidoaurate	30-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
23546866-0	2013	Reactive oxygen species-mediated activation of the Akt/ASK1/p38 signaling cascade and p21(Cip1) downregulation are required for shikonin-induced apoptosis.	Reactive Oxygen Species	0-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
23546866-3	2013	Here, we demonstrated that shikonin-induced apoptosis is caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated activation of Akt/ASK1/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and downregulation of p21(Cip1).	shikonin	27-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
23546866-3	2013	Here, we demonstrated that shikonin-induced apoptosis is caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated activation of Akt/ASK1/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and downregulation of p21(Cip1).	Reactive Oxygen Species	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
23546866-10	2013	Depletion of p21(Cip1) facilitated shikonin-induced apoptosis, implying that p21(Cip1) delayed shikonin-induced apoptosis via G1 arrest.	shikonin	35-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
23546866-13	2013	These findings suggest that shikonin-induced ROS activated ASK1 by decreasing Ser83 phosphorylation and by dissociation of the negative regulator p21(Cip1), leading to p38 MAPK activation, and finally, promoting apoptosis.	shikonin	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
23546866-13	2013	These findings suggest that shikonin-induced ROS activated ASK1 by decreasing Ser83 phosphorylation and by dissociation of the negative regulator p21(Cip1), leading to p38 MAPK activation, and finally, promoting apoptosis.	Reactive Oxygen Species	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
23692084-7	2013	In addition, p21 and p27 protein levels were higher when Notch signalling was activated by EDTA treatment.	Edetic Acid	91-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
23585524-5	2013	ATM dysfunction leads to impaired p21 induction after doxorubicin exposure.	Doxorubicin	54-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
23579097-6	2013	The combined treatment with BLU and gemcitabine further activated p53 and p21 expression, whereas the productions of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and nuclear factor-kappa B proteins were decreased, with BLU possibly being more effective in the treatment of ovarian cancer when given in combination with gemcitabine, rather than as a single agent.	gemcitabine	36-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
24022933-6	2013	L-OHP induced S cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cell; down-regulated the levels of CDK4, cyclinD1 and up-regulated the levels of p21, p53.	Oxaliplatin	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
23744352-8	2013	Consequently, cells responded to NS1643 by developing a senescence-like phenotype associated with increased protein levels of the tumor suppressors p21 and p16(INK4a) and by a positive beta-galactosidase assay.	1,3-bis(2-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethylphenyl)urea	33-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
23874066-5	2013	Notably, tolfenamic acid increased apoptosis-related proteins, such as p53 and p21, within 48 h. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that tolfenamic acid treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume over 5 weeks.	tolfenamic acid	9-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
23874066-5	2013	Notably, tolfenamic acid increased apoptosis-related proteins, such as p53 and p21, within 48 h. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that tolfenamic acid treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume over 5 weeks.	tolfenamic acid	142-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
23098692-5	2013	1,25(OH)2D3 augmented the effect of cisplatin in an embryonal carcinoma-derived cell line (NTera2), possibly through downregulation of pluripotency genes and simultaneous upregulation of the cell cycle regulators p21, p27, p53, p73 and FOXO1, while no significant effects were found in TCam-2 and 2102Ep cell lines (derived from seminoma and embryonal carcinoma, respectively).	Cisplatin	36-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	213-216
23098692-7	2013	In xenograft tumors, co-treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 and cisplatin resulted in downregulation of OCT4 and simultaneous upregulation of p21 and p73, but did not reduce tumor growth significantly more than cisplatin alone.	Calcitriol	39-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
23098692-7	2013	In xenograft tumors, co-treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 and cisplatin resulted in downregulation of OCT4 and simultaneous upregulation of p21 and p73, but did not reduce tumor growth significantly more than cisplatin alone.	Cisplatin	55-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
23559092-6	2013	The mechanism is due partially to DHA, and Rac1 siRNA deactivates NFkappaB activity, so as to decrease tremendously the expression of its target gene products, such as PCNA, cyclin D1, and CDK4; and increase the expression of p21, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-PARP.	artenimol	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
23651583-6	2013	p53 activation is an important factor in Nanog suppression and treatment with resveratrol was also found to activate the p53/p21 pathway.	Resveratrol	78-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
23676219-7	2013	By phosphorylating p53 on its serine-15, HIPK1 favored its transactivation potential, which led to a rise in p21 protein level and a decline in cell proliferation.	Serine	30-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
23744385-2	2013	The crystal structure shows a completely planar geometry of the TTN core, crystallizing in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c.	Tartronic acid	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-125
23602914-7	2013	Exposure of PA to HCT116 and SW480 cells activated p21 expression and suppressed the expressions of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) in a dose-dependent manner.	patchouli alcohol	12-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
23386415-0	2013	Inhibition of p21 and Akt potentiates SU6656-induced caspase-independent cell death in FRO anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells.	SU 6656	38-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
23386415-2	2013	The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of SU6656 on cell survival and to assess the role of p21 and PI3K/Akt signaling in cell survival resulting from SU6656 treatment in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cells.	SU 6656	174-180	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
23386415-7	2013	Regarding FRO ATC cells, the decrement of cell viability, the increment of cleaved PARP-1 protein levels, and the decrement of phospho-Src protein levels were shown in p21 siRNA- or LY294002-pretreated cells compared to SU6656-treated control cells.	SU 6656	220-226	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
23386415-9	2013	In conclusion, these results suggest that SU6656 induces caspase-independent death of FRO ATC cells by overcoming the resistance mechanism involving p21 and Akt.	SU 6656	42-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
23386415-10	2013	Suppression of p21 and Akt enhances the cytotoxic effect of SU6656 in FRO ATC cells.	SU 6656	60-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
23298900-6	2013	The mRNA expression levels of VDR, CYP24A1, and p21 were increased significantly following 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment.	Calcitriol	91-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
23628417-5	2013	As expected, the Bax and p21 activities were enhanced by BLU or paclitaxel, while a combination of BLU and paclitaxel were additively promoted, whereas Bcl-xL and NF-kappaB including Bcl-2 activity were inactivated.	Paclitaxel	64-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
23547259-7	2013	Disrupting formation of SG by inactivation of mTOR with its specific inhibitor pp242 or by depletion of eIF4E or eIF4GI blocks the SG-associated antiapoptotic p21 pathway.	PP242	79-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
23178160-4	2013	We found that the synthetic progestin medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) upregulates p21(CIP1) protein expression via c-Src, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and ErbB-2 phosphorylation.	Medroxyprogesterone Acetate	38-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
23501710-2	2013	The Centro-symmetric single crystal of S-benzyl isothiouronium nitrate (SBTN), which crystallizes in monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/C, exhibits second order non-linear optical (NLO) susceptibility, due to intermolecular charge transfer.	s-benzyl isothiouronium nitrate	39-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-149
23646986-4	2013	The Co(II)-Ln(III) and Ni(II)-Ln(III) complexes are crystallized in an isomorphous monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, where the Co(II) or Ni(II) ion at the high-spin state has an octahedral coordination environment with N2O2 donor atoms of 3-MeOsaltn at the equatorial sites, and one oxygen atom of the bridged acetato and a methanol oxygen atom at the two axial sites.	Nickel(2+)	23-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-113
23615119-1	2013	The perovskite form of the Mn2FeSbO6 oxide has been obtained at 5.5 GPa and 1523 K. X-ray and neutron diffraction data reveal that this compound crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/n space group with a = 0.5234 nm, b = 0.5389 nm, c = 0.7642 nm and beta = 90.372  lattice parameters.	perovskite	4-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
23615119-1	2013	The perovskite form of the Mn2FeSbO6 oxide has been obtained at 5.5 GPa and 1523 K. X-ray and neutron diffraction data reveal that this compound crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/n space group with a = 0.5234 nm, b = 0.5389 nm, c = 0.7642 nm and beta = 90.372  lattice parameters.	mn2fesbo6 oxide	27-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
23501710-2	2013	The Centro-symmetric single crystal of S-benzyl isothiouronium nitrate (SBTN), which crystallizes in monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/C, exhibits second order non-linear optical (NLO) susceptibility, due to intermolecular charge transfer.	sbtn	72-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-149
23637829-9	2013	Additionally, DMF regulates cell cycle-related proteins, such as p21, pRb, and cyclin D. DMF treatment markedly inhibited differentiation medium-induced STAT3 phosphorylation and inhibited STAT3 transcriptional activation of a reporter construct composed of four synthetic STAT3-response elements.	Dimethyl Fumarate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
23590630-1	2013	Single crystals of Ca4SiN4 were found in the product prepared by heating Ba, Ca, Si, NaN3, and Na at 900  C. Ca4SiN4 [space group P2(1)/c (No.	ca4sin4	19-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-137
23468063-5	2013	Following pretreatment with subcytotoxic concentrations of copper sulfate, U87-MG tumor cells showed typical aging characteristics, including reduced cell proliferation, cell enlargement, increased level of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA beta-gal) activity, and overexpression of several senescence-associated genes, p16, p21, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), insulin growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and apolipoprotein J (ApoJ).	Copper Sulfate	59-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	336-339
23262037-3	2013	Our data indicated that due to the repression by p53, FoxM1 played a critical role in oxaliplatin-induced senescence via regulating cycle-related proteins p21, p27, cyclins B1 and D1.	Oxaliplatin	86-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
23597199-6	2013	The detailed in vitro and in vivo study on the molecular mechanisms of this compound demonstrated that IVHD-valtrate exposure modulated the expression of numerous molecules involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis regardless of p53 status, leading to increase the level of p53, Rb, p21, p27 and decrease Mdm2, E2F1, Cyclin B1, Cdc25C and Cdc2.	valtrate	108-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	290-293
22290509-6	2013	The decreased cell viability observed in SkBr3 cells when curcumin was combined with TSA led to a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and increased p21 and p27, and decreased Cyclin D1 protein expression.	Curcumin	58-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
22290509-6	2013	The decreased cell viability observed in SkBr3 cells when curcumin was combined with TSA led to a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and increased p21 and p27, and decreased Cyclin D1 protein expression.	trichostatin A	85-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
23541946-4	2013	Treatments of BxPC-3 or PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell lines with chidamide resulted in dose- and time-dependent growth arrest, accompanied by induction of p21 expression.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	65-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
23637829-9	2013	Additionally, DMF regulates cell cycle-related proteins, such as p21, pRb, and cyclin D. DMF treatment markedly inhibited differentiation medium-induced STAT3 phosphorylation and inhibited STAT3 transcriptional activation of a reporter construct composed of four synthetic STAT3-response elements.	Dimethyl Fumarate	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
23462712-8	2013	Similarly to cisplatin this compound interacts with nuclear DNA and induces both p53 and p21(waf), and thus it represents an interesting starting point for future optimisation of new Pt(II) complexes forming DNA adducts.	Cisplatin	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
23079474-11	2013	Over-expression was associated with cell G1 arrest and p21 induction irrespective of p53 proficiency, while IRF-1 silencing reduced the induction of p21 by CDDP.	Cisplatin	156-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
23521517-5	2013	Structural analysis of 1, i.e., the complex of L(1) 4PF6 containing methyl as a wingtip substituent, and Ag2O shows the formation of a bimetallic silver NHC (NHC-Ag) complex, [(L(1)-4H) 2Ag] 2PF6, which is rotationally disordered over an inversion of symmetry of the space group P2(1)/c.	silver nhc	146-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	279-286
23459358-1	2013	Both 10-(2-hydroxyethyl)acridin-9(10H)-one, C15H13NO2, and 10-(2-chloroethyl)acridin-9(10H)-one, C15H12ClNO, have monoclinic (P21/c) symmetry and supramolecular three-dimensional networks.	10-(2-hydroxyethyl)acridin-9(10H)-one	5-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-131
23459358-1	2013	Both 10-(2-hydroxyethyl)acridin-9(10H)-one, C15H13NO2, and 10-(2-chloroethyl)acridin-9(10H)-one, C15H12ClNO, have monoclinic (P21/c) symmetry and supramolecular three-dimensional networks.	10-(2-chloroethyl)acridin-9(10H)-one	59-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-131
23459358-1	2013	Both 10-(2-hydroxyethyl)acridin-9(10H)-one, C15H13NO2, and 10-(2-chloroethyl)acridin-9(10H)-one, C15H12ClNO, have monoclinic (P21/c) symmetry and supramolecular three-dimensional networks.	c15h12clno	97-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-131
23476627-1	2013	A new polymorph of the title compound, C8H8BrNO, has been determined at 173 K in the space group P21/c.	c8h8brno	39-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-102
23376478-4	2013	Our data showed that LH effectively inhibited mitotic proliferation of Hey1B cells (half maximal inhibitory concentration=1.2muM) with very low toxicity, resulting in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition through enhanced expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 and marked down-regulation of cyclin D3 expression.	lycorine	21-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	264-267
23352703-0	2013	Salinomycin induces apoptosis and senescence in breast cancer: upregulation of p21, downregulation of survivin and histone H3 and H4 hyperacetylation.	salinomycin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
23352703-10	2013	Interestingly, treatment with low concentrations of Salinomycin induced a transient G1 arrest at earlier time point and G2 arrest at later point and senescence associated with enlarged cellmorphology, upregulation of p21 protein, increase in histone H3 and H4 hyperacetylation and expression of SA-beta-Gal activity.	salinomycin	52-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
23430755-6	2013	By double labeling of senescent cells, first by SA-beta-Gal and then by antibodies against genes related to cellular senescence, we found that p21, p16, and RARbeta, but not p53, were upregulated by bexarotene in mammary tumors and in breast cancer cell lines, suggesting involvement of multiple signaling pathways in mediating the senescence program of rexinoids.	2-(2-quinolinyl)-1H-indene--1,3(2H)-dione-6'-sulfonic acid	48-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
23430755-6	2013	By double labeling of senescent cells, first by SA-beta-Gal and then by antibodies against genes related to cellular senescence, we found that p21, p16, and RARbeta, but not p53, were upregulated by bexarotene in mammary tumors and in breast cancer cell lines, suggesting involvement of multiple signaling pathways in mediating the senescence program of rexinoids.	Bexarotene	199-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
23430755-6	2013	By double labeling of senescent cells, first by SA-beta-Gal and then by antibodies against genes related to cellular senescence, we found that p21, p16, and RARbeta, but not p53, were upregulated by bexarotene in mammary tumors and in breast cancer cell lines, suggesting involvement of multiple signaling pathways in mediating the senescence program of rexinoids.	rexinoids	354-363	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
23515411-11	2013	Ex vivo exposure of leukemia cells to plasma obtained from patients after alvocidib treatment blocked vorinostat-mediated p21(CIP1) induction and downregulated Mcl-1 and p-RNA Pol II for some specimens, although parallel in vivo bone marrow responses were infrequent.	alvocidib	74-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
23515411-11	2013	Ex vivo exposure of leukemia cells to plasma obtained from patients after alvocidib treatment blocked vorinostat-mediated p21(CIP1) induction and downregulated Mcl-1 and p-RNA Pol II for some specimens, although parallel in vivo bone marrow responses were infrequent.	Vorinostat	102-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
22773548-9	2013	Cell line studies showed that metformin inhibits hepatocyte proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase via AMP-activated protein kinase and its upstream kinase LKB1 to upregulate p21/Cip1 and p27/Kip1 and downregulate cyclin D1 in a dose-dependent manner, but independent of p53.	Metformin	30-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
23128353-6	2013	Glucosamine at 50 mM was demonstrated to elevate both the mRNA and protein expression of p53 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), but also caused a reduction in p21 protein expression.	Glucosamine	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
23128353-7	2013	In addition, glucosamine attenuated p21 protein stability via the proteasomal proteolytic pathway, as well as inducing p21 nuclear accumulation.	Glucosamine	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
23128353-7	2013	In addition, glucosamine attenuated p21 protein stability via the proteasomal proteolytic pathway, as well as inducing p21 nuclear accumulation.	Glucosamine	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
23128353-8	2013	Altogether, our results suggest that a high dose of glucosamine may inhibit cell proliferation through apoptosis and disturb cell cycle progression with a halt at G(0)/G(1) phase, and that this occurs, at least in part, by a reduction in Rb phosphorylation together with modulation of p21, p53 and HO-1 expression, and nuclear p21 accumulation.	Glucosamine	52-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	285-288
23128353-8	2013	Altogether, our results suggest that a high dose of glucosamine may inhibit cell proliferation through apoptosis and disturb cell cycle progression with a halt at G(0)/G(1) phase, and that this occurs, at least in part, by a reduction in Rb phosphorylation together with modulation of p21, p53 and HO-1 expression, and nuclear p21 accumulation.	Glucosamine	52-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	327-330
23448150-1	2013	Previously, we demonstrated that magnolol, a hydroxylated biphenyl compound isolated from the bark of Magnolia officinalis, at low concentrations (3-10 muM) exerted an antiproliferation effect in colon cancer, hepatoma, and glioblastoma (U373) cell lines through upregulation of the p21/Cip1 protein.	magnolol	33-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	283-286
23268707-9	2013	Celecoxib treatment activated Cdc25C and inhibited p21 expression in both unirradiated and irradiated cells, regardless of COX-2 expression.	Celecoxib	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
23268707-11	2013	These results imply that celecoxib deactivates the G2 checkpoint via both Cdc25C- and p21-dependent pathways in irradiated cells, which subsequently die by secondary apoptosis.	Celecoxib	25-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
23184057-4	2013	Furthermore, hSSB1 also associates with the acetyltransferase p300 and is required for efficient transcriptional activation of the p53 target gene p21 by affecting the acetylation of p53 at lysine382.	lysine382	190-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
23434523-7	2013	DNA damage induced by AAI led to an arrest of cells in the S-phase which was associated with the increased expression of p53 and p21 proteins.	aristolochic acid I	22-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
23219618-7	2013	Therefore, these data suggest that CD34(+) cells from patients with lower-risk MDS present p21 dependent premature senescence, increased accumulation of ROS and DNA damage in CD34(+)CD38(-) cells could contribute to this process; however, CD34(+) cells from patients with higher-risk MDS could develop some mechanisms to uncouple ROS and DNA damage induced senescence.	Reactive Oxygen Species	330-333	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
23275086-11	2013	Moreover, overexpression of PTEN could induce ASMCs arrested in the G0/G1 phase through the downregulation of Cyclin D1 and upregulation of p21 expressions.	asmcs	46-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
22619007-6	2013	In addition, Silibinin caused an increase in p53 and p21 protein level as well as mRNA levels.	Silybin	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
22986577-10	2013	Furthermore, ethanol in combination with TRAIL increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and decreased the levels of Bcl-2 and phosphorylated-AKT.	Ethanol	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
23146690-6	2013	The inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase using Ly294002 augmented a decrease in the p21 level induced by their combination, but it showed no significant effects on expression of Sp1 and cyclin D1.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	50-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
23449448-3	2013	In this study, we show that bortezomib induced apoptosis, which was demonstrated by the downregulation of antiapoptotic molecules (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, p-Bad, and p-AKT) and the upregulation of proapoptotic proteins (p21, p27, and cleaved-Bid) in ovarian cancer cell lines.	Bortezomib	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
23361053-2	2013	The p21-regulated serine/threonine kinase PAK1, implicated in tamoxifen resistance, phosphorylates EBP1 in vitro and in vivo at T261.	Tamoxifen	62-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
22815158-6	2013	Activation of p53 by FK866 involved increased acetylation of p53 at lysine 382 with subsequent increase in the expression of p21 and BAX.	N-(4-(1-benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)butyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylamide	21-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
22815158-6	2013	Activation of p53 by FK866 involved increased acetylation of p53 at lysine 382 with subsequent increase in the expression of p21 and BAX.	Lysine	68-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
22815158-7	2013	Further, knockdown of p53 attenuated the effects of FK866 on apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, which was partly associated with decreased expression of p21 and BAX.	N-(4-(1-benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)butyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylamide	52-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
23395165-2	2013	A new study shows that, upon serine starvation, the tumor suppressor p53 activates p21 to shift metabolic flux from purine biosynthesis to glutathione production, which enhances cellular proliferation and viability by combating ROS (Maddocks et al., 2013).	Serine	29-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
23395165-2	2013	A new study shows that, upon serine starvation, the tumor suppressor p53 activates p21 to shift metabolic flux from purine biosynthesis to glutathione production, which enhances cellular proliferation and viability by combating ROS (Maddocks et al., 2013).	purine	116-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
23395165-2	2013	A new study shows that, upon serine starvation, the tumor suppressor p53 activates p21 to shift metabolic flux from purine biosynthesis to glutathione production, which enhances cellular proliferation and viability by combating ROS (Maddocks et al., 2013).	Glutathione	139-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
23395165-2	2013	A new study shows that, upon serine starvation, the tumor suppressor p53 activates p21 to shift metabolic flux from purine biosynthesis to glutathione production, which enhances cellular proliferation and viability by combating ROS (Maddocks et al., 2013).	ros	228-231	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
23065571-4	2013	Combination of 2DG and FA also increased the levels of p21 and GADD45A in NCI-H460 cells.	Deoxyglucose	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
23124852-5	2013	After scavenging ROS with N-acetylcysteine, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling-induced MSC aging was significantly attenuated and the DNA damage and the expression of p16(INK4A), p53, and p21 were reduced in MSCs.	Reactive Oxygen Species	17-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
23124852-5	2013	After scavenging ROS with N-acetylcysteine, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling-induced MSC aging was significantly attenuated and the DNA damage and the expression of p16(INK4A), p53, and p21 were reduced in MSCs.	Acetylcysteine	26-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
23065571-8	2013	Taken together, the results of our study clearly suggested that the cell death induced by the combination of 2DG and FA along with irradiation would involve alteration in expression of p53, p21, NF-kappaB, Bax, and caspase-3, indicating oxidative mechanism in NCI-H460 cells.	Deoxyglucose	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
23878945-5	2013	One of the adduct bis(O-butyldithiocarbonato)bis(3,5-dimethylpyridine)nickel(II) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with unit cell parameters.	bis(o-butyldithiocarbonato)bis(3,5-dimethylpyridine)nickel	18-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
24088253-4	2013	Furthermore, sesamin suppressed the constitutive and interleukin (IL)-6-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling pathway in HepG2 cells, leading to regulate the downstream genes, including p53, p21, cyclin proteins and the Bcl-2 protein family.	sesamin	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	231-234
23278893-8	2013	Further evidences of AzA anti-senescence effect were repression of p53 and p21, increase in type I pro-collagen and abrogation of the enhanced expression of growth factors, such as HGF and SCF.	azelaic acid	21-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
24141202-4	2013	The resulting accumulation of p53 proteins from phosphorylation at serine-15 and serine-392 was correlated with an increase in p21 and caspase activation.	Serine	67-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
24141202-4	2013	The resulting accumulation of p53 proteins from phosphorylation at serine-15 and serine-392 was correlated with an increase in p21 and caspase activation.	Serine	81-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
22918703-0	2013	CCAAT/Enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein sensitizes to SU5416 by modulating p21 and PI3K/Akt signal pathway in FRO anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells.	Semaxinib	64-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
22918703-12	2013	In conclusion, these results suggest that CHOP may sensitize FRO ATC cells to SU5416 thereby inhibiting cell survival by modulating p21 and PI3K/Akt signal pathway.	Semaxinib	78-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
22918703-8	2013	In SU5416-treated situation, cell viability was not different before and after administration of either p21 siRNA or LY294002 whereas it was lessened after co-administration of p21 siRNA and LY294002.	Semaxinib	3-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
23154268-5	2013	Most of the PCV patients showed no overexpression of p53 and high expression of p21, cyclin A, and Ki67.	penciclovir	12-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
22674530-8	2013	Remarkably, Pi/doxorubicin combination-induced cytotoxicity was accompanied by an increase of p53 protein levels and of p53 target genes mdm2, p21 and Bax, and was significantly reduced by the p53 inhibitor pifithrine-alpha.	Doxorubicin	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
22674530-8	2013	Remarkably, Pi/doxorubicin combination-induced cytotoxicity was accompanied by an increase of p53 protein levels and of p53 target genes mdm2, p21 and Bax, and was significantly reduced by the p53 inhibitor pifithrine-alpha.	pifithrine	207-217	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
23067223-6	2013	Anisomycin also induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in CEM-C1 cells through increasing expressions of p21 and p27, and attenuating the expression of cyclinA.	Anisomycin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
23476648-0	2013	Enhancement of Cisplatin-Mediated Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer Cells through Potentiating G2/M Arrest and p21 Upregulation by Combinatorial Epigallocatechin Gallate and Sulforaphane.	Cisplatin	15-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
23476648-0	2013	Enhancement of Cisplatin-Mediated Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer Cells through Potentiating G2/M Arrest and p21 Upregulation by Combinatorial Epigallocatechin Gallate and Sulforaphane.	combinatorial	125-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
23476648-0	2013	Enhancement of Cisplatin-Mediated Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer Cells through Potentiating G2/M Arrest and p21 Upregulation by Combinatorial Epigallocatechin Gallate and Sulforaphane.	epigallocatechin gallate	139-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
23476648-0	2013	Enhancement of Cisplatin-Mediated Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer Cells through Potentiating G2/M Arrest and p21 Upregulation by Combinatorial Epigallocatechin Gallate and Sulforaphane.	sulforaphane	168-180	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
23476648-8	2013	EGCG and SFN combinational treatment upregulated p21 expression induced by cisplatin in cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancer cells, while p27 expression was not regulated by these treatments.	epigallocatechin gallate	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
23476648-8	2013	EGCG and SFN combinational treatment upregulated p21 expression induced by cisplatin in cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancer cells, while p27 expression was not regulated by these treatments.	sulforaphane	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
23476648-8	2013	EGCG and SFN combinational treatment upregulated p21 expression induced by cisplatin in cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancer cells, while p27 expression was not regulated by these treatments.	Cisplatin	75-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
23476648-8	2013	EGCG and SFN combinational treatment upregulated p21 expression induced by cisplatin in cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancer cells, while p27 expression was not regulated by these treatments.	Cisplatin	88-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
23360998-7	2013	In human osteosarcoma cells, stictic acid exhibits dose-dependent reactivation of p21 expression for mutant R175H more strongly than does PRIMA-1.	stictic acid	29-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
23530650-6	2013	Western blotting showed that 75 muM of DAS-induced G0/G1 phase arrest was mediated through the increased expression of p21, p27, and p53 with a simultaneous decrease in CDK2, CDK6, and CHK2 expression.	allyl sulfide	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
23950593-8	2013	In addition, BDMC activated the pro-apoptotic protein p53 and its downstream effector p21 as well as the cell cycle regulatory proteins p16 and its downstream effector retinoblastoma protein (Rb).	bisdemethoxycurcumin	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
23064281-7	2013	In addition, sequential or concomitant treatment of bortezomib and cisplatin             stimulated the expression of p53, hScrib and p21 and the stimulation was markedly             influenced by the order of drugs in HeLa cells.	Bortezomib	52-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
23064281-7	2013	In addition, sequential or concomitant treatment of bortezomib and cisplatin             stimulated the expression of p53, hScrib and p21 and the stimulation was markedly             influenced by the order of drugs in HeLa cells.	Cisplatin	67-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
23950593-10	2013	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that BDMC-induced ROS accumulation may contribute to its inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cell viability through regulation of p53/p21 and p16/Rb pathways.	bisdemethoxycurcumin	42-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
23950593-10	2013	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that BDMC-induced ROS accumulation may contribute to its inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cell viability through regulation of p53/p21 and p16/Rb pathways.	ros	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
23085518-6	2012	Mechanistically, enhancement of ROS production by T63 induced FOXO3a expression and nuclear translocation through activation of p38MAPK and inhibition of AKT, subsequently elevating the expression of FOXO3a target genes, including p21, p27, and Bim, and then increased the levels of activated caspase-3 and decreased the levels of cyclin D1.	Reactive Oxygen Species	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	231-234
23349840-13	2013	Along with an additive stimulatory effect of cAMP and TGFbeta on p21 expression an additive inhibitory effect of these agents on proliferation was observed.	Cyclic AMP	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
23349842-4	2013	Our results demonstrated that homocysteine inhibited hepatocyte proliferation by up-regulating protein levels of p53 as well as mRNA and protein levels of p21(Cip1) in primary cultured hepatocytes.	Homocysteine	30-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
23349842-6	2013	A p53 inhibitor pifithrin-alpha inhibited the expression of p21(Cip1) and attenuated homocysteine-induced cell growth arrest.	pifithrin	16-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
23349842-10	2013	These results demonstrate that both TRB3 and p21(Cip1) are critical molecules in the homocysteine signaling cascade and provide a mechanistic explanation for impairment of liver regeneration in hyperhomocysteinemia.	Homocysteine	85-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
23859040-3	2013	ECG induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1-S phase border associated with the stimulation of p21, p-p53, and p53 and the suppression of cyclins D1 and B1.	epicatechin gallate	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
23451128-6	2013	An up-regulated expression of CDK inhibitor p21 along with suppressed expression of mutated p53 was observed in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with alpha-santalol.	a-santalol	142-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
23256041-3	2012	Doxorubicin stimulates proteolytic cleavage of CREB3L1 by Site-1 Protease and Site-2 Protease, allowing the NH(2)-terminal domain of CREB3L1 to enter the nucleus where it activates transcription of genes encoding inhibitors of the cell cycle, including p21.	Doxorubicin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	253-256
23160189-1	2012	A La(2)NiMnO(6) polycrystalline sample prepared by the sol-gel method showed monoclinic crystal structure with the P2(1)/n space group and a saturation magnetization of 4.63 mu(B)/f.u.	la(2)nimno	2-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-120
23160189-1	2012	A La(2)NiMnO(6) polycrystalline sample prepared by the sol-gel method showed monoclinic crystal structure with the P2(1)/n space group and a saturation magnetization of 4.63 mu(B)/f.u.	polycrystalline	16-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-120
22843228-7	2012	The FA-inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation was completely blocked when the expressions of p21 and p27 were knocked-down together.	Tritium	18-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
23192018-2	2012	The availability of Mn2+ during the crystallization process appears to play an important role in inducing different crystal packings that lead to crystals belonging to the two space groups P2(1) and P6(5).	Manganese(2+)	20-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-194
22843228-7	2012	The FA-inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation was completely blocked when the expressions of p21 and p27 were knocked-down together.	Thymidine	21-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
22634494-4	2012	RITA promoted apoptosis in association with upregulation of p21, BAX, and cleaved caspase-3; notably, the apoptotic response was blocked by pifithrin-alpha, demonstrating its p53 dependence.	RITA	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
22644070-7	2012	p21 was associated with a lower response to sunitinib (35.9 vs. 65.4; p = 0.025).	Sunitinib	44-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
22957647-5	2012	In human prostate cancer DU145 cells with mutated RB, flavone increased cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p27, and reduced cdk4 and cdk6, resulting in decrement of phosphorylated RB family proteins p130 and p107.	flavone	54-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
22644070-12	2012	PTEN and p21 may be important in predicting response to sunitinib.	Sunitinib	56-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
22814742-0	2012	Cyclin D1 degradation and p21 induction contribute to growth inhibition of colorectal cancer cells induced by epigallocatechin-3-gallate.	epigallocatechin gallate	110-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
22814742-8	2012	RESULTS: We identified cyclin D1 and p21 as molecular targets of EGCG in human colorectal cancer cells.	epigallocatechin gallate	65-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
22814742-9	2012	We observed that cyclin D1 was down-regulated, while p21 expression was up-regulated by EGCG in dose- and time-dependent manners.	epigallocatechin gallate	88-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
22814742-11	2012	Meanwhile, EGCG increased p21 promoter activity, resulting in up-regulation of p21 mRNA and protein, which was likely dependent on extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (IKK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3 K).	epigallocatechin gallate	11-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
22814742-11	2012	Meanwhile, EGCG increased p21 promoter activity, resulting in up-regulation of p21 mRNA and protein, which was likely dependent on extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (IKK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3 K).	epigallocatechin gallate	11-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
22814742-13	2012	Namely, EGCG-induced cyclin D1 degradation and p21 transcriptional activation partially contribute to growth suppression in these cells.	epigallocatechin gallate	8-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
22932665-8	2012	Furthermore, as compared with treatment with each agent alone, cotreatment with DZNep and PS caused greater depletion of EZH2, SUZ12, 3MeK27H3, and Cyclin D1 levels, whereas it induced greater expression of FBXO32, p16, p21, and p27.	3-deazaneplanocin	80-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
23257465-5	2012	The roles of p53-p21 and p16-Rb pathways can induce hematopoietic dysfunction and lead to ROS-induced HSC senescence.	Reactive Oxygen Species	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
22956150-3	2012	Aim of investigation was to study the effects of cholinergic precursors (choline, CDP-choline, Acetylcholine and alpha-Glyceril-Phosphorylcholine) on HO-1 and p21 expression during astroglial cell proliferation and differentiation in primary cultures at 14 and 35 days in vitro (DIV) treated for 24 h with choline metabolites.	Choline	49-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
22956150-3	2012	Aim of investigation was to study the effects of cholinergic precursors (choline, CDP-choline, Acetylcholine and alpha-Glyceril-Phosphorylcholine) on HO-1 and p21 expression during astroglial cell proliferation and differentiation in primary cultures at 14 and 35 days in vitro (DIV) treated for 24 h with choline metabolites.	Acetylcholine	95-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
22956150-3	2012	Aim of investigation was to study the effects of cholinergic precursors (choline, CDP-choline, Acetylcholine and alpha-Glyceril-Phosphorylcholine) on HO-1 and p21 expression during astroglial cell proliferation and differentiation in primary cultures at 14 and 35 days in vitro (DIV) treated for 24 h with choline metabolites.	alpha-glyceril-phosphorylcholine	113-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
22956150-3	2012	Aim of investigation was to study the effects of cholinergic precursors (choline, CDP-choline, Acetylcholine and alpha-Glyceril-Phosphorylcholine) on HO-1 and p21 expression during astroglial cell proliferation and differentiation in primary cultures at 14 and 35 days in vitro (DIV) treated for 24 h with choline metabolites.	Choline	73-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
22956150-10	2012	Instead, ACh treatment induced a marked increment of p21 expression at 35 DIV.	Acetylcholine	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
22962266-5	2012	Unexpectedly, when CAFs were analyzed, p53 accumulation and induction of p21 was observed only in tumors with constitutively low p53 protein and accumulation upon cisplatin treatment.	Cisplatin	163-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
22932665-8	2012	Furthermore, as compared with treatment with each agent alone, cotreatment with DZNep and PS caused greater depletion of EZH2, SUZ12, 3MeK27H3, and Cyclin D1 levels, whereas it induced greater expression of FBXO32, p16, p21, and p27.	Panobinostat	90-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
23037503-0	2012	Inhibition of tumor promotion by parthenolide: epigenetic modulation of p21.	parthenolide	33-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
22828135-7	2012	In addition, a reduction in the number of cells in S-phase, characterized by a concomitant increase in the levels of p21 and p53 proteins, together with a strong inhibition of pRb protein phosphorylation, was observed in DHS-treated cells.	4,4'-dihydroxystilbene	221-224	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
23037503-2	2012	We investigated whether the NF-kB inhibitor, parthenolide, currently in cancer clinical trials, attenuates tumor promotion by modulating the epigenetically regulated NF-kB target genes, p21 and cyclin D1.	parthenolide	45-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
23038051-2	2012	The results showed that this semiconducting polymer crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with nontilted pi-stacks at a distance of 3.9 A (see picture).	Polymers	44-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-100
23037503-5	2012	Furthermore, parthenolide decreased tumor promoter-induced NF-kB activity, increased p21, and decreased cyclin D1 expression.	parthenolide	13-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
23037503-6	2012	In parthenolide-treated cells, p21 transcription correlated with relaxed chromatin and p65/NF-kB binding at the p21 promoter.	parthenolide	3-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
23037503-6	2012	In parthenolide-treated cells, p21 transcription correlated with relaxed chromatin and p65/NF-kB binding at the p21 promoter.	parthenolide	3-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
23037503-9	2012	Because p21 expression by parthenolide was sustained, we used p21-siRNA and p21 -/- cancer cells and showed that the loss of p21 is cytoprotective against parthenolide.	parthenolide	26-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
23037503-12	2012	These results show that low doses of parthenolide inhibit tumor promotion and epigenetically modulate p21 expression, highlighting the potential role of this drug as a chemopreventive agent and in epigenetic cancer therapy.	parthenolide	37-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
23146670-5	2012	Whereas doxorubicin treatment in early-passaged cells results in nucleosome density changes near the p53 binding sites of the p21 promoter, our studies show that senescent cells with a high p21 transcription activity had a comparable nucleosome distribution as unstressed young cells.	Doxorubicin	8-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
23110523-11	2012	Lastly, we performed cell cycle array analysis of Cl-amidine treated and control MCF10DCIS cells, and found that the PADI inhibitor strongly affects the expression of several cell cycle genes implicated in tumor progression, including p21, GADD45alpha, and Ki67.	N-alpha-benzoyl-N5-(2-chloro-1-iminoethyl)-L-ornithine amide	50-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	235-238
22841670-5	2012	Further mechanistic studies revealed that bufotalin treatment induced cell cycle arrest at G(2)/M phase through down-regulation of Aurora A, CDC25, CDK1, cyclin A and cyclin B1, as well as up-regulation of p53 and p21.	bufotalin	42-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	214-217
22872685-6	2012	Treatment with low doses of Peg IFN-alpha 2a combined with Nutlin-3 increased phospho-p53 and p21 protein levels in PV CD34(+) cells and increased the degree of apoptosis.	Polyethylene Glycols	28-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
22707243-8	2012	Furthermore, Rosiglitazone affects the expression of Smad3/Smad4 associated regulators of gene expression, including p21 and c-Myc.	Rosiglitazone	13-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
22903553-10	2012	The p53 and p21 promoter luciferase activities were promoted by either sMEK1 or gemcitabine, and sMEK1 and gemcitabine combined additively activated the promoter further.	gemcitabine	80-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
22903553-10	2012	The p53 and p21 promoter luciferase activities were promoted by either sMEK1 or gemcitabine, and sMEK1 and gemcitabine combined additively activated the promoter further.	gemcitabine	107-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
23013131-0	2012	Aldosterone induces p21-regulated apoptosis via increased synthesis and secretion of tumour necrosis factor-alpha in human proximal tubular cells.	Aldosterone	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
23013131-4	2012	The aim of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that aldosterone increases proximal tubular apoptosis by increasing the secretion of apoptosis-inducing factors through a p21-dependent mechanism.	Aldosterone	68-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
23182046-5	2012	Flow cytometric analysis showed  that quinuclidinone derivative 6 reduced the percentage of MCF-7 cells in G(2)/M which is confirmed by increased expression levels of cyclin B, while it arrests MCF12a in G1 phase judging from increased p21.	1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-one	38-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
22711363-8	2012	Dracorhodin perchlorate induced up-regulation of p53, thereby resulting in the activation of its downstream targets p21 and Bax following the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase-3 and its substrate, PARP.	dracorhodin	0-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
23013131-9	2012	Exposure of cells to aldosterone for 3 or 5 days increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase staining, p21 and TNF-alpha mRNA expression and secretion of TNF-alpha into the culture medium.	Aldosterone	21-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
23013131-15	2012	These findings indicate that aldosterone increases TNF-alpha synthesis and secretion in proximal tubular cells via p21/senescence-dependent cell phenotypic changes and that the TNF-alpha secreted plays an important role as a paracrine factor in mediating cell apoptosis, indicating a possible involvement in aldosterone-induced renal damage.	Aldosterone	29-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
22859066-5	2012	Furthermore, the low concentration of DHT induced lower mRNA levels in the p53 and p21 genes in HNTEP cells.	Dihydrotestosterone	38-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
22859066-6	2012	In turn, high DHT concentrations induced a significant increase in the expression of the p53 and p21 genes.	Dihydrotestosterone	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
22787116-9	2012	Low concentrations of MG262 provoked growth arrest, inhibited DNA replication and retinoblastoma phosphorylation, and increased expression of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27.	MG 262	22-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
22799769-2	2012	We proposed PTHLH-activated network that upstream included the regulation of apoptosis, signal transduction resulting in induction of apoptosis, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator, negative regulation of centriole replication, negative regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis, negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway, anaphase-promoting complex-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism, apoptosis, induction of apoptosis, and negative regulation of phosphorylation.	Fatty Acids	306-316	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
22627294-5	2012	The global analysis and quantitative PCR demonstrated that mRNA levels of p21(Cip1), an inhibitor of cyclins D and E, and of GADD45alpha, a growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein, were significantly increased by clioquinol treatment in SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells.	Clioquinol	220-230	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
22723548-4	2012	Furthermore, Treg-mediated molecular control of senescence in responder T cells was associated with selective modulation of p38 and ERK1/2 signaling and cell-cycle-regulatory molecules p16, p21, and p53.	treg	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
23017148-5	2012	Moreover, AQP3 siRNA significantly blocked other effects of nucleoside analogs, including G1/S cell cycle arrest, p21 and FAS up-regulation, and cell growth inhibition.	Nucleosides	60-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
25585933-5	2012	A limitation for this biosensor system was that it might give false positive results in response to sodium butyrate and any other agents, which can trans-activate the p21 gene in a p53-independent manner.	Butyric Acid	100-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
22993307-6	2012	administration of CHO27 suppressed the growth of established PCa 22Rv1 xenograft tumors accompanied with p53 and p21(Cip1) induction.	cho27	18-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
22460505-4	2012	Cell cycle analysis indicated thioridazine induced the down-regulation of cyclin D1, cyclin A and CDK4, and the induction of p21 and p27, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.	Thioridazine	30-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
22705644-11	2012	CIL-102-treatment induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells in association with increased nuclear accumulation of p53 and p21 suggesting that apoptosis is triggered through a p53-p21 dependent pathway.	1-(4-(furo(2,3-b)quinolin-4-ylamino)phenyl)ethanone	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
22705644-11	2012	CIL-102-treatment induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells in association with increased nuclear accumulation of p53 and p21 suggesting that apoptosis is triggered through a p53-p21 dependent pathway.	1-(4-(furo(2,3-b)quinolin-4-ylamino)phenyl)ethanone	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
22591064-2	2012	We previously reported that Asp-hemolysin-related synthetic peptide (P21) composed of 21 amino acid residues markedly inhibits the bioactivities of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lysophosphatidylcholine, by directly binding to oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lysophosphatidylcholine.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	185-208	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
22814677-9	2012	DHCF treatment resulted in upregulation of p21(Cip1) and downregulation of cyclin A in all three PCa cell lines.	23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin F	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
22591064-2	2012	We previously reported that Asp-hemolysin-related synthetic peptide (P21) composed of 21 amino acid residues markedly inhibits the bioactivities of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lysophosphatidylcholine, by directly binding to oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lysophosphatidylcholine.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	270-293	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
22591064-3	2012	Here, to clarify whether P21 specifically binds to lysophosphatidylcholine and what forms of lysophosphatidylcholine with which P21 interact, we investigated the interaction between P21 containing two tryptophan residues and lysophosphatidylcholine by using fluorescence spectroscopy, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and surface plasmon resonance.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	51-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
22591064-4	2012	From tryptophan fluorescence measurements, N-terminally biotinylated P21 specifically interacted with lysophosphatidylcholine, at concentrations exceeding the critical micelle concentration.	Tryptophan	5-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
22591064-4	2012	From tryptophan fluorescence measurements, N-terminally biotinylated P21 specifically interacted with lysophosphatidylcholine, at concentrations exceeding the critical micelle concentration.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	102-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
22591064-5	2012	From tryptophan fluorescence quenching, the tryptophan residues in biotinylated P21 in the presence of lysophosphatidylcholine were mostly exposed on the outer side of the peptide.	Tryptophan	5-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
22591064-5	2012	From tryptophan fluorescence quenching, the tryptophan residues in biotinylated P21 in the presence of lysophosphatidylcholine were mostly exposed on the outer side of the peptide.	Tryptophan	44-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
22591064-5	2012	From tryptophan fluorescence quenching, the tryptophan residues in biotinylated P21 in the presence of lysophosphatidylcholine were mostly exposed on the outer side of the peptide.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	103-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
22591064-7	2012	These results indicate that biotinylated P21 specifically recognizes lysophosphatidylcholine micelles.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	69-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
22591064-8	2012	Further study of the interaction between biotinylated P21 and lysophosphatidylcholine micelles may provide important information for the prevention and treatment for many inflammatory diseases caused by lysophosphatidylcholine micelles.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	62-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
22591064-8	2012	Further study of the interaction between biotinylated P21 and lysophosphatidylcholine micelles may provide important information for the prevention and treatment for many inflammatory diseases caused by lysophosphatidylcholine micelles.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	203-226	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
23018309-9	2012	Vitamin K2 also attenuated the downregulation of p21 expression induced by sorafenib, which may represent the mechanism by which vitamin K2 promotes the inhibitory effects of sorafenib on cell proliferation.	Vitamin K 2	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
23018309-9	2012	Vitamin K2 also attenuated the downregulation of p21 expression induced by sorafenib, which may represent the mechanism by which vitamin K2 promotes the inhibitory effects of sorafenib on cell proliferation.	Sorafenib	75-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
23018309-9	2012	Vitamin K2 also attenuated the downregulation of p21 expression induced by sorafenib, which may represent the mechanism by which vitamin K2 promotes the inhibitory effects of sorafenib on cell proliferation.	Vitamin K 2	129-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
23018309-9	2012	Vitamin K2 also attenuated the downregulation of p21 expression induced by sorafenib, which may represent the mechanism by which vitamin K2 promotes the inhibitory effects of sorafenib on cell proliferation.	Sorafenib	175-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
22018604-7	2012	In addition, GCTI increased the expression of cell cycle inhibitory proteins (p21, p27 and p53) and the Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio to induce apoptosis.	gcti	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
22752086-6	2012	This revealed that the methanol extract increased the levels of p21 and this may have caused cell cycle attenuation.	Methanol	23-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
22770909-4	2012	The enzyme 15-lipoxygenase type 1 (15-LOX-1), which is involved in arachidonic and linoleic acid metabolism, has the potential to down-regulate the expression of p21.	arachidonic	67-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
22770909-4	2012	The enzyme 15-lipoxygenase type 1 (15-LOX-1), which is involved in arachidonic and linoleic acid metabolism, has the potential to down-regulate the expression of p21.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
22970038-9	2012	Furthermore, downregulation of CDK4 and upregulation of p21 and Bak by AEA were observed.	anandamide	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
21769450-3	2012	MTT and cell cycle analysis results indicated that perifosine inhibited the growth of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner, arrested cell cycle progression at the G(2) phase with regulation the expression of p21 and cyclinB1.	perifosine	51-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
22766505-6	2012	The protein levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 and p27(Kip), which inhibit cell proliferation by blocking cell cycle progression at G1/S phase, increased after RA treatment.	Tretinoin	175-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
22750490-6	2012	NAG-1 and p21 expression was not blocked by PPARgamma-specific antagonist GW9662, suggesting that MCC-555-induced NAG-1 and p21 expression is independent of PPARgamma activation.	netoglitazone	98-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
22750490-6	2012	NAG-1 and p21 expression was not blocked by PPARgamma-specific antagonist GW9662, suggesting that MCC-555-induced NAG-1 and p21 expression is independent of PPARgamma activation.	netoglitazone	98-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
22617025-4	2012	Berberine arrested SW480 cell cycle at G2/M phase, which was supported by induction of p21 expression.	Berberine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
22862878-8	2012	Antp-p21 killed cancer cells selectively that were malignant as a result of mutations or nuclear exclusion of the p53 and p21 genes and over-expression of MDM2.	antp	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
22561451-7	2012	In addition, resveratrol suppressed Ang II-induced induction of p53 and its downstream target gene p21, both of which play an important role in the induction of senescence.	Resveratrol	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
22561451-8	2012	Resveratrol suppressed senescence of VSMC possibly through inhibition of AT1R-dependent induction of p53/p21.	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
22561451-8	2012	Resveratrol suppressed senescence of VSMC possibly through inhibition of AT1R-dependent induction of p53/p21.	vsmc	37-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
22789129-2	2012	The crystal structure of Cl(3)SiSiCl(3) TMEDA displays one tetrahedrally and one octahedrally bonded Si atom (monoclinic, P2(1)/n).	Silicon	30-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-127
22862878-8	2012	Antp-p21 killed cancer cells selectively that were malignant as a result of mutations or nuclear exclusion of the p53 and p21 genes and over-expression of MDM2.	antp	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
22904824-0	2012	Diosgenone: a second P2(1) polymorph.	diosgenone	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-26
22862878-9	2012	Non-specific toxicity was excluded by showing that Antp-p21 penetrated but did not kill p53- or p21- wild-type cells.	antp	51-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
22862878-10	2012	Antp-p21 was not immunogenic in normal New Zealand White rabbits.	antp	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
22711276-7	2012	Exposure to valproic acid and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid was associated with increased levels of p21 and FOXO3 and reduced expression of survivin.	Valproic Acid	12-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
21695420-6	2012	WI-38 fibroblasts exposed to a subcytotoxic concentration of copper sulfate presented inhibition of cell proliferation, cell enlargement, increased SA beta-gal activity, and mRNA overexpression of several senescence-associated genes such as p21, apolipoprotein J (ApoJ), fibronectin, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta1), insulin growth factor binding protein 3, and heme oxygenase 1.	Copper Sulfate	61-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	241-244
21695420-7	2012	Western blotting results confirmed enhanced intracellular p21, ApoJ, and TGF beta1 in copper-treated cells.	Copper	86-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
21573958-4	2012	Sal treatment also reduced p21 levels in radiation-treated cells.	salinomycin	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
21573958-5	2012	Considering that Sal sensitizes doxorubicin (DOX)- or etoposide (ETO)-treated cancer cells by causing DNA damage and reducing p21 expression, the results from our study suggest that the mechanism underlying Sal sensitization is conserved in both chemo- and radiation-treated cells.	salinomycin	17-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
21573958-5	2012	Considering that Sal sensitizes doxorubicin (DOX)- or etoposide (ETO)-treated cancer cells by causing DNA damage and reducing p21 expression, the results from our study suggest that the mechanism underlying Sal sensitization is conserved in both chemo- and radiation-treated cells.	Doxorubicin	32-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
21573958-5	2012	Considering that Sal sensitizes doxorubicin (DOX)- or etoposide (ETO)-treated cancer cells by causing DNA damage and reducing p21 expression, the results from our study suggest that the mechanism underlying Sal sensitization is conserved in both chemo- and radiation-treated cells.	Doxorubicin	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
21573958-5	2012	Considering that Sal sensitizes doxorubicin (DOX)- or etoposide (ETO)-treated cancer cells by causing DNA damage and reducing p21 expression, the results from our study suggest that the mechanism underlying Sal sensitization is conserved in both chemo- and radiation-treated cells.	Etoposide	54-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
21573958-5	2012	Considering that Sal sensitizes doxorubicin (DOX)- or etoposide (ETO)-treated cancer cells by causing DNA damage and reducing p21 expression, the results from our study suggest that the mechanism underlying Sal sensitization is conserved in both chemo- and radiation-treated cells.	Etoposide	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
21573958-5	2012	Considering that Sal sensitizes doxorubicin (DOX)- or etoposide (ETO)-treated cancer cells by causing DNA damage and reducing p21 expression, the results from our study suggest that the mechanism underlying Sal sensitization is conserved in both chemo- and radiation-treated cells.	salinomycin	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
22349439-8	2012	The acetylation levels of histone H3 at lysine 9 and p21 mRNA expression were decreased in human GCs treated with dihydrotestosterone in vitro (P &lt; 0.05).	Dihydrotestosterone	114-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
22711276-7	2012	Exposure to valproic acid and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid was associated with increased levels of p21 and FOXO3 and reduced expression of survivin.	Vorinostat	30-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
22348919-7	2012	Notably, 5-epi-sinuleptolide up-regulated p53 and p21 expression and inhibited G2/M phase regulators of cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent kinease 1 (CDK1) in SCC25 cells.	5-episinuleptolide	9-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
22534328-9	2012	The protein levels of p21(Cip1)and 14-3-3sigma were increased with both AZA and MPA mix treatments without any change in the DNA methylation profiles of the genes.	Decitabine	72-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
22932460-7	2012	On the protein level, LiCl downregulates expression of cdc 6, cyclins A and cyclins E, and cdc 25C, and upregulates expression of the CDK inhibitor p21(CIP1).	Lithium Chloride	22-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
22484732-0	2012	Vorinostat enhances protein stability of p27 and p21 through negative             regulation of Skp2 and Cks1 in human breast cancer cells.	Vorinostat	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
22702647-3	2012	Several in vitro assays were used to characterize the prototype aminothiol, PrC-210, for efficacy: protection against reactive oxygen species-induced plasmid DNA nicking, mass spectrometry to detect aminothiol-reactive oxygen species by-products,  S. typhimurium  mutagenesis, human cell growth inhibition, Western blot for p21 expression, and FACS analysis.	Aminothiol	64-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	324-327
22547681-6	2012	The other subset of miR-519 target mRNAs encoded proteins that control intracellular calcium levels (notably, ATP2C1 and ORAI1); their downregulation by miR-519 aberrantly elevated levels of cytosolic [Ca(2+)] storage in HeLa cells, similarly increasing p21 levels in a manner dependent on the Ca(2+)-activated kinases CaMKII and GSK3beta.	Calcium	85-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
22547681-8	2012	As a consequence, ATP levels increased, and the level of activity of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) declined, further contributing to the elevation in the abundance of p21.	Adenosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
22484732-3	2012	Vorinostat significantly             reduced BrdU incorporation in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, which was associated             with increased p27 and p21 protein levels without concomitant induction of p27             mRNA.	Vorinostat	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
22484732-3	2012	Vorinostat significantly             reduced BrdU incorporation in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, which was associated             with increased p27 and p21 protein levels without concomitant induction of p27             mRNA.	Bromodeoxyuridine	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
22484732-4	2012	Vorinostat-induced accumulation of p27 and p21 proteins was inversely correlated             with the mRNA and protein levels of Skp2 and Cks1.	Vorinostat	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
22484732-5	2012	Cycloheximide chase analysis             revealed that vorinostat increased the half-life of p27 and p21 proteins.	Vorinostat	55-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
22484732-6	2012	The             accumulation of p27 and p21 proteins was attenuated by forced expression of Skp2             and Cks1, which conferred resistance to the vorinostat-induced S-phase reduction.	Vorinostat	153-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
22484732-7	2012	These results suggest that vorinostat-induced growth arrest may be in part due             to the enhanced protein stability of p27 and p21 through the downregulation of             Skp2 and Cks1.	Vorinostat	27-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
22670709-8	2012	In p53 positive LNCaP cells, pterostilbene blocked the progression of cell cycle at G1 phase by inducing p53 expression and further up-regulating p21 expression.	pterostilbene	29-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
22446789-2	2012	The structure of the title compound which crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P2(1) consists of a molecule of L-asparagine and a molecule of free l-tartaric acid both of which are interlinked by three varieties of H-bonding interactions namely O-H   O, N-H   O and C-H   O.	Asparagine	137-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-110
22428663-0	2012	Cell cycle regulation by carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes through p53-independent induction of p21 under the control of the BMP signaling pathway.	Carbon	50-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
22428663-1	2012	This report describes how carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) induce p53-independent p21 expression and cell cycle arrest.	Carbon	51-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
22542654-4	2012	In in vitro experiments, P21, one of the peptides, bound to both PAF and lyso-PAF in a dose-dependent manner and markedly inhibited PAF-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	Platelet Activating Factor	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
22542654-4	2012	In in vitro experiments, P21, one of the peptides, bound to both PAF and lyso-PAF in a dose-dependent manner and markedly inhibited PAF-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	O-deacetyl platelet activating factor	73-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
22542654-4	2012	In in vitro experiments, P21, one of the peptides, bound to both PAF and lyso-PAF in a dose-dependent manner and markedly inhibited PAF-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	Platelet Activating Factor	78-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
22547059-0	2012	RNA processing and modification protein, carbon catabolite repression 4 (Ccr4), arrests the cell cycle through p21-dependent and p53-independent pathway.	carbon catabolite	41-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
22464014-0	2012	Triptolide inhibits colon-rectal cancer cells proliferation by induction of G1 phase arrest through upregulation of p21.	triptolide	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
22464014-8	2012	Further detection for the expression of cell cycle-related proteins suggesting that triptolide stimulate expression of p21 and repress cyclin A1.	triptolide	84-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
22231280-5	2012	Here we show that single-agent bortezomib treatment of MCL cell lines leads to G2/M arrest and induction of apoptosis accompanied by downregulation of EIF4E and CCND1 mRNA but upregulation of p15(INK4B) and p21 mRNA.	Bortezomib	31-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
22417066-6	2012	The antiproliferative effect of XRT/RSV treatment correlated with increased expression of p15, p21, and mutant p53 and decreased expression of cyclin B, cyclin D, and cdk2.	Resveratrol	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
22324515-7	2012	Bad, p53, p21 and p27 were downregulated by neuropeptides in PC-3, and these effects were reversed with the addition of bortezomib.	Bortezomib	120-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
22041988-7	2012	When bladder cancer cell lines were treated with SB plus CDDP, Western blotting showed increased expression of p21 but not p27 in T24 cells, whereas both p21 and p27 increased in 253J and UMUC3 cells.	Butyric Acid	49-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
22041988-7	2012	When bladder cancer cell lines were treated with SB plus CDDP, Western blotting showed increased expression of p21 but not p27 in T24 cells, whereas both p21 and p27 increased in 253J and UMUC3 cells.	Cisplatin	57-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
22041988-7	2012	When bladder cancer cell lines were treated with SB plus CDDP, Western blotting showed increased expression of p21 but not p27 in T24 cells, whereas both p21 and p27 increased in 253J and UMUC3 cells.	Butyric Acid	49-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
22041988-7	2012	When bladder cancer cell lines were treated with SB plus CDDP, Western blotting showed increased expression of p21 but not p27 in T24 cells, whereas both p21 and p27 increased in 253J and UMUC3 cells.	Cisplatin	57-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
22654424-5	2012	We also observed the effect of DAC on the methylation status of hTERT promoter and the expression of regulatory genes, such as c-myc, p15, p16, p21, E2F1, and WT1.	Decitabine	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
22484326-7	2012	In addition, Chidamide induced apoptosis and up-regulated p21 mRNA expression.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
22484326-8	2012	These results suggest that Chidamide may arrest the cell cycle and inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through up-regulation of p21.	N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
22802695-4	2012	Western blotting on the expression of cell cycle inhibitors showed that p21 and p27 was up-regulated as ethanol concentration increases from 0 to 1.5% whilst the cell cycle regulators, cdk1, cdk2, and cdk4 as well as Cyclin A, Cyclin B1 and Cyclin E1, were gradually down-regulated.	Ethanol	104-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
22559167-7	2012	The effects of rapamycin and/or bortezomib on the mRNA expression levels of p53, p27, p21 and Bcl-2 family in HCCLM3 cells were evaluated by RT-PCR.	Sirolimus	15-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
22427654-0	2012	Sulforaphane induction of p21(Cip1) cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor expression requires p53 and Sp1 transcription factors and is p53-dependent.	sulforaphane	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
22542944-7	2012	The expression levels of p53 and p21 were also induced by SKLB70326 treatment.	3-amino-6-(3-methoxyphenyl)thieno(2.3-b)pyridine-2-carboxamide	58-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
22559167-7	2012	The effects of rapamycin and/or bortezomib on the mRNA expression levels of p53, p27, p21 and Bcl-2 family in HCCLM3 cells were evaluated by RT-PCR.	Bortezomib	32-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
22648623-0	2012	2"-Hydroxyflavanone induces apoptosis through Egr-1 involving expression of Bax, p21, and NAG-1 in colon cancer cells.	2'-hydroxyflavanone	0-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
22342732-4	2012	The induction of p21 and the inhibition of cyclin B and CDC25C contributed to DHA-induced G2/M arrest.	artenimol	78-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
22241506-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of total flavonoids of Hedysarum polybotry on the proliferation, cell cycle, and expressions of p21(Ras) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene in erythroleukemia cell line K562.	Flavonoids	46-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
22241506-5	2012	The immunocytochemistry method was applied to quantitatively analyze the effects of flavonoids of Hedysarum polybotry on changes p21(Ras) and PCNA gene expressions.	Flavonoids	84-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
22241506-8	2012	Compared with the control group, p21(Ras) and PCNA gene expressions were decreased significantly in K562 cells treated with total flavonoids of Hedysarum polybotry (40 and 80 mug/mL, respectively) for 48 h. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect on proliferation of K562 cells was observed in the groups treated with flavonoids of Hedysarum polybotry, which might be related to cells arresting.	Flavonoids	130-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
22241506-8	2012	Compared with the control group, p21(Ras) and PCNA gene expressions were decreased significantly in K562 cells treated with total flavonoids of Hedysarum polybotry (40 and 80 mug/mL, respectively) for 48 h. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect on proliferation of K562 cells was observed in the groups treated with flavonoids of Hedysarum polybotry, which might be related to cells arresting.	Flavonoids	312-322	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
22142405-11	2012	The exposure of DPSCs and HDFs to cisplatin provoked an increase in p53 and p21 expression and p53 phosphorylation of serine 15.	Cisplatin	34-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
22307313-0	2012	Treatment with bisphenol A and methoxychlor results in the growth of             human breast cancer cells and alteration of the expression of cell cycle-related             genes, cyclin D1 and p21, via an estrogen receptor-dependent signaling pathway.	bisphenol A	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
22307313-0	2012	Treatment with bisphenol A and methoxychlor results in the growth of             human breast cancer cells and alteration of the expression of cell cycle-related             genes, cyclin D1 and p21, via an estrogen receptor-dependent signaling pathway.	Methoxychlor	31-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
22328720-7	2012	At the molecular level, cisplatin treatment resulted in elevated p53 levels, enhanced caspase-3 activation, and reduced p21 levels in E6-suppressed cells.	Cisplatin	24-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
22589186-6	2012	Furthermore, we show that Tam- and siE6AP-mediated inhibition of E6AP leads to enhanced G0-G1 growth arrest and apoptosis, which is also evident from significant upregulation of cytochrome-c, Bax, p21, and PARP cleavage.	Tamoxifen	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
22369716-3	2012	Melatonin"s SERM actions include modulation of estrogen-regulated cell proliferation, invasiveness and expression of proteins, growth factors and proto-oncogenes (hTERT, p53, p21, TGFbeta, E-cadherin, etc.).	Melatonin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
22294050-9	2012	Everolimus +- 5 Gy suppressed             endothelin 1 and lactate dehydrogenase expression and increased VEGFA, p21, hypoxia-inducible             factor-1alpha and SLC2A1 (facilitated glucose transporter 1).	Everolimus	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
22589186-6	2012	Furthermore, we show that Tam- and siE6AP-mediated inhibition of E6AP leads to enhanced G0-G1 growth arrest and apoptosis, which is also evident from significant upregulation of cytochrome-c, Bax, p21, and PARP cleavage.	sie6ap	35-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
22421144-8	2012	Mechanistically, metformin caused G 1 arrest, which coincided with a decrease in the protein levels of CDKs (2, 4 and 6), cyclins (D1 and E) and CDK inhibitors (p15, p16, p18 and p27), but no change in p19 and p21.	Metformin	17-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
22385209-1	2012	Mutations of human oncoprotein p21(Ras) (hereafter Ras) at glutamine 61 are known to slow the rate of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) hydrolysis and transform healthy cells into malignant cells.	Glutamine	59-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
22385209-1	2012	Mutations of human oncoprotein p21(Ras) (hereafter Ras) at glutamine 61 are known to slow the rate of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) hydrolysis and transform healthy cells into malignant cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	102-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
22385209-1	2012	Mutations of human oncoprotein p21(Ras) (hereafter Ras) at glutamine 61 are known to slow the rate of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) hydrolysis and transform healthy cells into malignant cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	126-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
20946258-4	2012	Our previous study has demonstrated that simvastatin inhibits VSMC proliferation in high glucose status without dyslipidemia, inducing a G0/G1 phase cell cycle growth arrest by acting on multiple steps upstream of pRb, including inhibition of CDK2/4 expression and upregulation of p53, p21, p16, and p27.	Simvastatin	41-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	286-289
22147199-6	2012	Effect of DI on up-regulation of p21 expression and down-regulation of cyclin B1, p34(cdc2) expression in irradiated HeLa cell was concomitant with cell cycle arrest in G(2) phase.	di	10-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
22134899-3	2012	Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that JMJD2A was recruited together with p53 to the promoter of the p21 cell cycle inhibitor upon stimulation with the DNA damaging agent, adriamycin.	Doxorubicin	188-198	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
22307336-5	2012	Knockdown of p21 or p27 by each siRNA significantly repressed G1 phase arrest             induced by brassinin.	brassinin	101-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
22315229-2	2012	Earlier studies suggest that upon DNA damage, a specific B subunit, B56gamma, bridges the PP2A AC core to p53, leading to dephosphorylation of p53 at Thr-55, induction of the p53 transcriptional target p21, and the inhibition of cell proliferation and transformation.	Threonine	150-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
22470341-6	2012	Bilirubin-mediated inhibition of neointimal thickening was associated with a significant decrease in ERK activity and cyclin D1 and A protein expression, and an increase in p21 and p53 protein expression in injured blood vessels.	Bilirubin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
21801466-4	2012	It was associated with PTEN induction as well as DNA methyltransferase down-regulation and p21 up-regulation after treatments with vitamin D3 and resveratrol, suggesting a complex regulation of the DNA methylation machinery.	Cholecalciferol	131-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
21801466-4	2012	It was associated with PTEN induction as well as DNA methyltransferase down-regulation and p21 up-regulation after treatments with vitamin D3 and resveratrol, suggesting a complex regulation of the DNA methylation machinery.	Resveratrol	146-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
22307336-0	2012	Brassinin induces G1 phase arrest through increase of p21 and p27 by             inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway in human colon             cancer cells.	brassinin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
22307336-4	2012	Brassinin increased the expression             of p21 and p27, resulting in hypophosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene (RB).	brassinin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
22160773-8	2012	Downregulation of p21 expression and increased expression of Akt, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and some of its downstream effectors were significantly reversed by 2-OHE.	2-ohe	176-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
22404134-1	2012	INTRODUCTION: The p21-activated kinase (PAK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases is activated by binding to the small (p21) GTP-binding proteins Cdc42 and Rac.	Guanosine Triphosphate	131-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
22404134-1	2012	INTRODUCTION: The p21-activated kinase (PAK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases is activated by binding to the small (p21) GTP-binding proteins Cdc42 and Rac.	Guanosine Triphosphate	131-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
22134754-7	2012	Belinostat induced the expression of p21 and             p27, acetylation of p53 and G2/M arrest associated with Bcl2 and Bcl-Xl downmodulation             and significant reduction of survivin, IAPs and Akt/pAkt and increased caspase-8             and -9 expression/activity.	belinostat	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
22135025-13	2012	However, incorporating p21 into a multivariable Cox model did contribute to improved model quality for predicting CSS.	thiocysteine	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
22307336-8	2012	These             results suggest the possibility that brassinin inhibits the PI3K signaling pathway             and upregulates the expression of p21 and p27, thereby inducing G1 phase arrest.	brassinin	55-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
22545405-5	2012	The structure of dimerized griseofulvin, C34H32C12O12 x C2H6O x H2O, at 100 K has monoclinic (P2(1)) symmetry.	Griseofulvin	27-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-99
22238365-7	2012	In addition, (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment delayed open chromatin structure and expression of p21 until 72 hours, suggesting a correlation between induction of p21 protein and modification in chromatin structure of p21 in response to (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment.	Lead-212	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
22238365-7	2012	In addition, (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment delayed open chromatin structure and expression of p21 until 72 hours, suggesting a correlation between induction of p21 protein and modification in chromatin structure of p21 in response to (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment.	Lead-212	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
22238365-7	2012	In addition, (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment delayed open chromatin structure and expression of p21 until 72 hours, suggesting a correlation between induction of p21 protein and modification in chromatin structure of p21 in response to (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment.	Lead-212	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
22238365-7	2012	In addition, (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment delayed open chromatin structure and expression of p21 until 72 hours, suggesting a correlation between induction of p21 protein and modification in chromatin structure of p21 in response to (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment.	tcmc	21-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
22238365-7	2012	In addition, (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment delayed open chromatin structure and expression of p21 until 72 hours, suggesting a correlation between induction of p21 protein and modification in chromatin structure of p21 in response to (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment.	tcmc	21-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
22545405-5	2012	The structure of dimerized griseofulvin, C34H32C12O12 x C2H6O x H2O, at 100 K has monoclinic (P2(1)) symmetry.	c34h32c12o12	41-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-99
22238365-7	2012	In addition, (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment delayed open chromatin structure and expression of p21 until 72 hours, suggesting a correlation between induction of p21 protein and modification in chromatin structure of p21 in response to (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment.	tcmc	21-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
22238365-7	2012	In addition, (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment delayed open chromatin structure and expression of p21 until 72 hours, suggesting a correlation between induction of p21 protein and modification in chromatin structure of p21 in response to (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment.	tcmc	247-251	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
22238365-7	2012	In addition, (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment delayed open chromatin structure and expression of p21 until 72 hours, suggesting a correlation between induction of p21 protein and modification in chromatin structure of p21 in response to (212)Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment.	tcmc	247-251	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
22545405-5	2012	The structure of dimerized griseofulvin, C34H32C12O12 x C2H6O x H2O, at 100 K has monoclinic (P2(1)) symmetry.	Ethanol	56-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-99
22545405-5	2012	The structure of dimerized griseofulvin, C34H32C12O12 x C2H6O x H2O, at 100 K has monoclinic (P2(1)) symmetry.	Water	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-99
22244892-7	2012	In addition, Sal treatment increased pH2AX levels and reduced p21 levels in antimitotic drugs-treated cells.	sal	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
22159450-6	2012	In contrast, CG-1521             significantly induces the expression of several p53 target genes associated with             apoptosis including Bnip3/Bnip3L, p21/p21B and Gdf15.	cysteinylglycine	13-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
22294184-6	2012	A marked rise in the cell-cycle inhibitor p21, together with reduction of aurora kinases A and B, cyclins B1 and D1 proteins was induced by lovastatin alone or in combination with docetaxel.	Lovastatin	140-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
22294184-6	2012	A marked rise in the cell-cycle inhibitor p21, together with reduction of aurora kinases A and B, cyclins B1 and D1 proteins was induced by lovastatin alone or in combination with docetaxel.	Docetaxel	180-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
22002102-6	2012	Wild type p53 function inhibits the efficacy of a combined IR and ABT-737 treatment via a p21-dependent G1 cell cycle arrest.	2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
22305266-0	2012	Cytoplasmic p21 induced by p65 prevents doxorubicin-induced cell death in pancreatic carcinoma cell line.	Doxorubicin	40-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
22305266-2	2012	Our previous study indicates that DOX-induced p65 is able to bind the p21 promoter to activate its transactivation in the cells.	Doxorubicin	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
22305266-7	2012	RESULTS: Here we showed that over-expression of p65 decreased the cytotoxic effect of DOX on PANC1 cells, correlating with increased induction of cytoplasmic p21.	Doxorubicin	86-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
22305266-11	2012	More, we present evidence that over-expression of p53 or p53/p65 in the PANC1 cells were more sensitive to DOX treatment, correlated with activation of caspase-3 and clear elevation of nuclear p21 level.	Doxorubicin	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
22305266-12	2012	Our previous data suggested that expression of p21 increases Gefitinib-induced cell death by blocking the cell cycle at the G1 and G2 phases.	Gefitinib	61-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
22305266-13	2012	The present findings here reinforced this idea by showing p21"s ability of potentiality of DOX-induced cell death correlated with its inhibition of cell cycle progression after over-expression of p53 or p53/p65.	Doxorubicin	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
22020984-9	2012	Moreover, 4-PB led to a dose-dependent overexpression of the cell cycle regulator             p21 in tumour cells.	4-phenylbutyric acid	10-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
21983885-12	2012	Furthermore, induced levels of total p53 and its transcriptional target p21 declined at higher BPDE concentrations correlating with reduced rates of apoptosis.	7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide	95-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
22112863-7	2012	Furthermore, we also demonstrated that phosphorylation of p53 at Thr18 is required for p53 acetylation at lysine 373/382 and for p21 expression in response to depsipeptide treatment.	UNII-PYZ33YLR8A	65-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
22112863-8	2012	Our results demonstrate that depsipeptide plays an anti-neoplastic role by generating ROS to elicit p53/p21 pathway activation.	Depsipeptides	29-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
22112863-8	2012	Our results demonstrate that depsipeptide plays an anti-neoplastic role by generating ROS to elicit p53/p21 pathway activation.	Reactive Oxygen Species	86-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
22012578-6	2012	Immunoblotting analysis of key cell cycle regulators demonstrated that andrographolide treatment caused a dose-dependent increase in the expression of cell-cycle inhibitors p21 and p27 and a concomitant reduction of cyclin-dependent kinase 4.	andrographolide	71-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
22020547-7	2012	Our results showed that the TPA-induced up-regulation             of p21 and down-regulation of p53 was reversed by UO126 (a MEK1/2 inhibitor),             but not by SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) or SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor), although             TPA increased the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK in MCF-7 cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	246-249	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
22075951-6	2012	Suppression of p21 induction by p21 siRNA reversed the suppressive effect of vorinostat on the replication of CRAd, but still failed to reverse the antagonistic interaction.	Vorinostat	77-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
22075951-6	2012	Suppression of p21 induction by p21 siRNA reversed the suppressive effect of vorinostat on the replication of CRAd, but still failed to reverse the antagonistic interaction.	Vorinostat	77-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
21993902-9	2012	The data presented an increase of G0/G1 phase cells and decrease of S phase cells             after rapamycin treatment, and the decreased expression of cyclinD1, higher expression             of p21 at mRNA level was also detected in K562 with rapamycin.	Sirolimus	245-254	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
22020547-0	2012	TPA-induced p21 expression augments G2/M arrest through a p53-independent             mechanism in human breast cancer cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
22020547-4	2012	Our results showed that TPA increased the level of p21 expression             in MCF-7 cells with wild-type p53 and MDA-MB-231 cells with mutant p53 in a dose-dependent             manner.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
22020547-6	2012	We next examined the regulatory mechanism of TPA             on p21 and p53 expression.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
22020547-7	2012	Our results showed that the TPA-induced up-regulation             of p21 and down-regulation of p53 was reversed by UO126 (a MEK1/2 inhibitor),             but not by SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) or SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor), although             TPA increased the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK in MCF-7 cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	28-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
22020547-11	2012	Taken together, we             suggest that TPA reciprocally regulates the level of p21 and p53 expression via             a MEK/ERK-dependent pathway.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
22020547-7	2012	Our results showed that the TPA-induced up-regulation             of p21 and down-regulation of p53 was reversed by UO126 (a MEK1/2 inhibitor),             but not by SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) or SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor), although             TPA increased the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK in MCF-7 cells.	U 0126	116-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
22020547-12	2012	The up-regulation of p21 in response to TPA is mediated             through a p53-independent mechanism in breast cancer cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
22273506-6	2012	The histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitor curcumin was able to abrogate microgravity-induced p21 mRNA expression, whereas expression was enhanced by a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor.	Curcumin	46-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
22679561-9	2012	The comparison to HeLa and SiHa cells revealed a higher sensitivity of the novel cell lines to cisplatin treatment, which caused p53 accumulation and transcriptional induction of p21.	Cisplatin	95-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
21351099-8	2012	In vitro, low-dose DOC, which did not induce G2/M arrest, increased p53 and p21 and resulted in down-regulation of TS in C4-2 cells, and down-regulation of TS is considered to be responsible for the synergistic effect of S-1 in vivo.	Docetaxel	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
22076474-0	2012	Role of p21 as a determinant of 1,6-Bis[4-(4-amino-3-hydroxyphenoxy)phenyl]             diamantane response in human HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells.	1,6-Bis(4-(4-amino-3-hydroxyphenoxy)phenyl)diamantane	32-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
21927533-0	2012	Kaempferol inhibits VEGF expression and in vitro angiogenesis through a novel ERK-NFkappaB-cMyc-p21 pathway.	kaempferol	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
21927533-6	2012	Kaempferol down-regulated ERK phosphorelation as well as NFkappaB and cMyc expression, but promoted p21 expression.	kaempferol	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
21927533-7	2012	Examination of relationship between these genes suggested a novel ERK-NFkappaB-cMyc-p21-VEGF pathway, which accounts for kaempferol"s angioprevention effects in ovarian cancer cells.	kaempferol	121-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
22213289-7	2012	Treatment of p53-wild-type cells with 50 muM quercetin reduced drug-induced up-regulation of p53, p21 and BAX.	Quercetin	45-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
23167335-0	2012	MDM2 T309G has a synergistic effect with P21 ser31arg single nucleotide polymorphisms on the risk of acute myeloid leukemia.	ser31arg	45-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
23464429-16	2012	CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside Rg1 can induce a state of senescence in human leukemia K562 cells, which is associated with p21-Rb and p16-Rb pathways.	Ginsenosides	12-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
23167335-9	2012	RESULTS: We found that the P21 ser31arg heterozygous polymorphism increases the risk of AML (P value=0.017, OR=2.946, 95% CI=1.216-7.134).	ser31arg	31-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
23167335-10	2012	Although the MDM2 309G allele was itself without affect, it showed a synergistic effect with P21 ser/arg polymorphism (P value=0.003, OR= 6.807, 95% CI= 1.909-24.629).	Serine	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
23167335-10	2012	Although the MDM2 309G allele was itself without affect, it showed a synergistic effect with P21 ser/arg polymorphism (P value=0.003, OR= 6.807, 95% CI= 1.909-24.629).	Arginine	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
23167335-13	2012	CONCLUSION: We suggest that SNPs in the P53 pathway, especially the P21 ser31arg polymorphism and combined polymorphisms especially the P21/ MDM2 might be genetic susceptibility factors in the pathogenesis of AML.	ser31arg	72-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
23075671-7	2012	EIPA-induced lowered [Cl(-)](c) up-regulated expression of p21associated with phosphorylation of MAPKs, suppressing proliferation associated with G(0)/G(1) arrest.	ethylisopropylamiloride	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
22223345-5	2012	PA inhibited cell proliferation and induced sub-G(1) arrest, elevating the mRNA levels of the apoptotic genes p53 and p21.	pomolic acid	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
22236190-0	2012	Direct short-term cytotoxic effects of BIBR 1532 on acute promyelocytic leukemia cells through induction of p21 coupled with downregulation of c-Myc and hTERT transcription.	bibr	39-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
22236190-4	2012	Our results also suggest that induction of p21 and subsequent disturbance of Bax/Bcl-2 balanced ratio as well as decreased telomerase activity may be rational mechanisms for the potent/direct short-term cytotoxicity of high doses of BIBR1532 against NB4 cells.	BIBR 1532	233-241	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
22272214-0	2012	Cucurbitacin E Induces G(2)/M Phase Arrest through STAT3/p53/p21 Signaling and Provokes Apoptosis via Fas/CD95 and Mitochondria-Dependent Pathways in Human Bladder Cancer T24 Cells.	cucurbitacin E	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
22119126-2	2012	The benzimidazole (L) crystallizes in the space group P2(1)/c with a = 8.6660(3) A, b = 16.6739(7) A, c = 9.8611(4) A and beta = 113.505(3)   and forms an infinite chain structure with a trans-zigzag type along the crystallographic axis "a", through the intermolecular H-bond.	benzimidazole	4-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-59
22745580-0	2012	Oridonin up-regulates expression of P21 and induces autophagy and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells.	oridonin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
22272214-7	2012	Our findings provided the first evidence that STAT3/p53/p21 signaling, Fas/CD95 and mitochondria-dependent pathways play critical roles in cucurbitacin E-induced G(2)/M phase arrest and apoptosis of T24 cells.	cucurbitacin E	139-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
22454691-6	2012	The expression of p53 protein was markedly upregulated, and the p21 level was also obviously elevated in zerumbone-treated PANC-1 cells.	zerumbone	105-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
22919418-7	2012	PEITC induced G(0)/G(1) phase arrest through the effects of associated protein such as p53, p21, p17, CDK2 and cyclin E, and it triggered apoptosis through promotion of Bax and Bid expression and reduction of Bcl-2, leading to decrease the levels of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)), and followed the releases of cytochrome c, AIF and Endo G then for causing apoptosis in HSC-3 cells.	phenethyl isothiocyanate	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
22583615-5	2012	Ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein kinase (ATM) was activated by GL331 through its autophosphorylation at Ser1981, which led to the activation of DNA damage signaling pathways including p53/p21 and Chk2/Cdc25A cascades.	GL 331	68-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
23049256-6	2012	Under the same conditions, LMWP-SOD1 abolished activation of the cell cycle regulator proteins, p53 and p21(Cip1), induced by hydrogen peroxide.	Hydrogen Peroxide	126-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
22642109-8	2012	Likewise, p21 protein reached its maximal expression in 4 h after the irradiation of VA-treated cells.	Valproic Acid	85-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
21993662-6	2012	PL up-regulated the expression of p53 in U2OS cells and p21 in the two osteosarcoma cell lines causing cell cycle arrest by decreasing the expression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2)/cyclin B1 and cyclin D1.	plumbagin	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
21842375-9	2012	Zebularine induced regional chromatin remodeling by local histone H4 acetylation and histone H3-K4 methylation in promoter sites of methylated E-cadherin and also in the promoter of unmethylated p21 as evidenced by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay.	pyrimidin-2-one beta-ribofuranoside	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
22642109-11	2012	The 24-hour treatment of MOLT-4 leukemia cells with 2 mM VA results in radiosensitizing, increases apoptosis induction, H2AX phosphorylation, and also p53 and p21 activation.	Valproic Acid	57-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
21922150-9	2012	Treatment of PA-1 cells with 10 microM tamoxifen resulted in an increase             in the levels of p21, p27, p16 and phospho-pRb, indicating typical G1 arrest.	Tamoxifen	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
22862161-5	2012	Roscovitine decreased production of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 and induced apoptosis.	Roscovitine	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
21947091-12	2012	In conclusion,             SB induces G1 and G2 arrest by increasing p21 expression resulting in CDK2, CDK4             and CDK6 down-regulation.	Butyric Acid	27-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
23251689-8	2012	Treatments with MGCD0103 (a class I-selective HDACI) resulted in dose-dependent growth arrest, cell death/apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, accompanied by induction of p21 and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs).	mocetinostat	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
23193914-0	2012	Quinacrine-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in colon cancer cells is through a p53- and p21-dependent mechanism.	Quinacrine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
23193914-1	2012	We previously showed that quinacrine (QC), a small molecule antimalarial agent, also presented anticancer activity in breast cancer cells through activation of p53, p21, and inhibition of topoisomerase activity.	Quinacrine	26-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
23251689-11	2012	Although MC1568 or Tubastatin A alone had no obvious effects on DNA DSBs and p21 expression, their combination with MGCD0103 resulted in cooperative induction of p21 in the cells.	MC1568	9-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
23251689-11	2012	Although MC1568 or Tubastatin A alone had no obvious effects on DNA DSBs and p21 expression, their combination with MGCD0103 resulted in cooperative induction of p21 in the cells.	tubastatin A	19-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
23251689-11	2012	Although MC1568 or Tubastatin A alone had no obvious effects on DNA DSBs and p21 expression, their combination with MGCD0103 resulted in cooperative induction of p21 in the cells.	mocetinostat	116-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
23272171-6	2012	DEX co-treatment cells exhibited the decrease of DNA damage signaling pathway proteins, the lower expression of p53 and p21(CIP1), the lower cellular secretory program and down-regulation of NF-kappaB and its signaling cascade.	Dexamethasone	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
23133524-0	2012	Gatifloxacin induces S and G2-phase cell cycle arrest in pancreatic cancer cells via p21/p27/p53.	Gatifloxacin	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
23152782-11	2012	Western blot analysis suggested that pretreatment with Ki-67-7 sensitized bladder cancer cells to curcumin-mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by p53- and p21-independent mechanisms.	Curcumin	98-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
23133524-6	2012	Our study is of interest because fluoroquinolones have the ability to penetrate pancreatic tissue which can be very effective in combating pancreatic cancers that are usually associated with loss or downregulation of CDK inhibitors p21/p27 as well as mutational inactivation of p53.	Fluoroquinolones	33-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	232-235
23049949-6	2012	15d-PGJ2 induced the tumor suppressor gene p21, a G(2)/M arrest and inhibited tumor cell migration.	15-deoxyprostaglandin J2	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
23071787-7	2012	The median mRNA levels of p21 and BAX in the tumors of Pro-allele carriers were significantly reduced to 55.7% and 76.9% compared to Arg/Arg patients, whereas p53, MDM2 and PERP expression were hardly altered.	Arginine	133-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
23071787-7	2012	The median mRNA levels of p21 and BAX in the tumors of Pro-allele carriers were significantly reduced to 55.7% and 76.9% compared to Arg/Arg patients, whereas p53, MDM2 and PERP expression were hardly altered.	Arginine	137-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
23056370-4	2012	Here, we demonstrate that replicating mutants deleted in small E1A-domains, binding pRb (dl1108), p300/CBP (dl1104) and p400/TRRAP or p21 (dl1102) sensitize human prostate cancer cells (PC-3, DU145, 22Rv1) to mitoxantrone and docetaxel.	Mitoxantrone	209-221	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
23056207-9	2012	Also, decreased androgen receptor, prostate specific antigen, p53 and p21 protein levels were demonstrated in response to treatment with NU9056.	1,2-bis(isothiazol-5-yl)disulfane	137-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
23056370-4	2012	Here, we demonstrate that replicating mutants deleted in small E1A-domains, binding pRb (dl1108), p300/CBP (dl1104) and p400/TRRAP or p21 (dl1102) sensitize human prostate cancer cells (PC-3, DU145, 22Rv1) to mitoxantrone and docetaxel.	Docetaxel	226-235	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
22808086-0	2012	Lin28 mediates paclitaxel resistance by modulating p21, Rb and Let-7a miRNA in breast cancer cells.	Paclitaxel	15-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
23028803-7	2012	p21 and BIM, which were identified as target genes of miR-106b-93-25 cluster, increased in TSA treated tumor cells and were responsible for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.	trichostatin A	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
23028803-8	2012	We further identified MYC as a regulator of miR-106b-93-25 cluster and demonstrated its down-regulation in the presence of TSA resulted in the reduction of miR-106b-93-25 cluster and up-regulation of p21 and BIM.	trichostatin A	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
22860097-4	2012	Our results show that activation of the p14ARF-p53-p21-Rb pathway in the estrogen sensitive MCF-7 breast cancer cells induces many hallmarks of senescence including a large flat cell morphology, multinucleation, senescence-associated-beta-gal staining, and rapid G1 and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest.	beta-D-galactose	234-242	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
22574207-9	2012	It is possible that the elevated cAMP levels inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in Hela cells through induction of p21 and cleaved caspase-3/PARP-1 expression, and causing down-regulation of PCNA and cell cycle arrest with accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 and G2/M fractions.	Cyclic AMP	33-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
22679478-5	2012	The anti-mitogenic effect of H(2)S was accompanied by G(1)-phase cell cycle arrest and the induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Cip).	Hydrogen Sulfide	29-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
22514710-9	2012	In conclusion, the results indicate that H(2)O(2) at low concentrations causes premature senescence in human keratinocytes by activating p53-p21(CIP1) signaling and that these effects can be prevented by acute AMPK activation and enhanced by AMPK downregulation.	Hydrogen Peroxide	41-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
22514698-10	2012	Combination of ZnPP and Gem enhanced the release of cytochrome c and increased p21 levels.	zinc protoporphyrin	15-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
22514698-10	2012	Combination of ZnPP and Gem enhanced the release of cytochrome c and increased p21 levels.	gemcitabine	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
22514710-3	2012	The increase in SA-gal staining was preceded by increases in both p53 phosphorylation (S15) (1 h) and transactivation (6 h) and the abundance of the cyclin inhibitor p21(CIP1) (16 h).	sa-gal	16-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
22514710-4	2012	Incubation with AICAR or resveratrol, both of which activated AMPK, prevented the H(2)O(2)-induced increases in both SA-Gal staining and p21 abundance.	Resveratrol	25-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
22558087-0	2012	JKA97, a novel benzylidene analog of harmine, exerts anti-cancer effects by inducing G1 arrest, apoptosis, and p53-independent up-regulation of p21.	Harmine	37-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
22514710-4	2012	Incubation with AICAR or resveratrol, both of which activated AMPK, prevented the H(2)O(2)-induced increases in both SA-Gal staining and p21 abundance.	h(2)	82-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
22448262-7	2012	The cell lines exhibited different sensitivity to cadmium, and 24-hour exposure to different CdCl(2) concentrations induced dose- and cell type-dependent apoptotic response and inhibition of cell proliferation that correlated with accumulation of functional p53 and overexpression of p21 in wild type p53-expressing cell lines.	Cadmium Chloride	93-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	284-287
22575193-5	2012	Meanwhile, Rb expression was significantly downregulated, E2F-1 and p21 expression upregulated by Zta.	zta	98-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
22412944-7	2012	In comparison with control groups, the levels of p53, phospho-p53 (ser15), and p21 proteins were significantly increased while phospho-p53 (Thr55) and survivin were significantly decreased after treatments of pre-DOX and LMB (P&lt;0.05).	Doxorubicin	213-216	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
22032700-10	2012	The positive rate of SA-beta-gal staining was increased; the telomere length was shortened; and the expressions of p16 and p21 were increased.	2-chloro-10-(4'(N-beta-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl-1')acetylphenothiazine	21-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
22032700-12	2012	Tanshinone IIA may delay the process of senescence of HPMC induced by high glucose by increasing cell generations and growth rate, decreasing the rate of G1 phase and the positive rate of SA-beta-gal staining, lengthening the telomere, and decreasing the expression of p16 and p21.	hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-lactose matrix	54-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	277-280
22072715-4	2011	A marked increase in the levels of p53 and p21 induced by Ang II was blunted by the treatment with GW501516.	GW 501516	99-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
22347457-0	2012	Caffeic acid phenethyl ester causes p21 induction, Akt signaling reduction, and growth inhibition in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells.	caffeic acid phenethyl ester	0-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
22575193-6	2012	CONCLUSION: Zta could promote G(0)/G(1) phase to S phase transition in Daudi cells, which might be associated with the reduced expression of Rb and increased expression of E2F-1 and p21 protein.	zta	12-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
21952585-9	2011	BCAA also inhibited phosphorylation of GSK-3beta, increased cellular levels of p21(CIP1), caused cell-cycle arrest in G(0)/G(1) phase, and induced apoptosis in HCC cells in the presence of visfatin.	Amino Acids, Branched-Chain	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
21903181-7	2011	In addition, the cytoplasm sequestration of Cdc25C, Cip1/p21 induction and tubulin dyspolymerization also contributed to the TBMS1-mediated cell cycle arrest on the G2/M phase.	tubeimoside I	125-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
21969371-0	2011	Inhibition or ablation of p21-activated kinase (PAK1) disrupts glucose homeostatic mechanisms in vivo.	Glucose	63-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
22074820-4	2011	The proteasome inhibitors MG132, lactacystin, and proteasome inhibitor I dramatically inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of PEL cells through the accumulation of p21 and p27.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	26-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
22074820-4	2011	The proteasome inhibitors MG132, lactacystin, and proteasome inhibitor I dramatically inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of PEL cells through the accumulation of p21 and p27.	lactacystin	33-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
21431842-6	2011	RESULTS: Surgical specimens from COX-2 positive endometrial cancer patients treated with etodolac had significantly reduced expression levels of COX-2, Ki-67, p53, p21, p27, and cyclin D1 as determined by immunohistochemistry, while AI was not affected.	Etodolac	89-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
21907187-4	2011	Western blot analysis revealed that lovastatin caused an increase of the protein level of p27 and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4 and a decrease of the protein level of cyclin A2, cyclin D3, and phosphorylated Rb (pRb), but did not significantly change the protein levels of p21, cyclins D1 and E, and CDK2, in ARO cells.	Lovastatin	36-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	274-295
21225623-7	2011	Moreover, the different stilbenes also elicited diverse cellular and signaling responses in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, as evidenced by analysis of colony formation, cell proliferation, cell cycle phase transition, the extent of phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 and p53-inducible proteins, p21 and p53R2, respectively.	Stilbenes	24-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	289-292
22101335-0	2011	Curcumin induces Apaf-1-dependent, p21-mediated caspase activation and apoptosis.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
22101335-10	2011	Importantly, p21-deficiency resulted in reduced expression of Apaf-1 during curcumin treatment, indicating a requirement of p21 in Apaf-1 dependent caspase activation and apoptosis.	Curcumin	76-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
22101335-11	2011	Together, our findings demonstrate that Apaf-1, Bax, and p21 as novel potential targets for curcumin or curcumin-based anticancer agents.	Curcumin	92-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
22101335-11	2011	Together, our findings demonstrate that Apaf-1, Bax, and p21 as novel potential targets for curcumin or curcumin-based anticancer agents.	Curcumin	104-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
21914449-4	2011	Here, we found that grifolin induced dephosphorylation of DAPK1 (Ser308) to activate DAPK1 and subsequent phosphorylation of its potential downstream effector p21 (Thr145) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell CNE1.	grifolin	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
22409043-0	2011	Toxicity of carbon nanotubes to p21 and hus1 gene deficient mammalian cells.	Carbon	12-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
22409043-3	2011	The aim of this study is to investigate the role of the p21 and hus1 genes in the toxicity of carbon nanotubes.	Carbon	94-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
22409043-5	2011	Our results show that the yield of the micronucleus ratio in p21 gene knock-out MEF cells is lower than that in the wild type counterpart, indicating that p21 may play as anti-apoptosis factor during the signal transduction of DNA damage caused by carbon nanotubes in mammalian cells.	Carbon	248-254	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
22409043-5	2011	Our results show that the yield of the micronucleus ratio in p21 gene knock-out MEF cells is lower than that in the wild type counterpart, indicating that p21 may play as anti-apoptosis factor during the signal transduction of DNA damage caused by carbon nanotubes in mammalian cells.	Carbon	248-254	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
22009179-4	2011	Importantly, radiation enhancement by BEZ235 coincides with a prominent p53-dependent accelerated senescence phenotype characterized by positive beta-galactosidase staining, G(2)-M cell-cycle arrest, enlarged and flattened cellular morphology, and increased p21 expression and senescence-associated cytokine secretion.	dactolisib	38-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	258-261
22169296-4	2011	The results showed that compared with cells treated with 2-ME2 or Bor alone, the proliferative potential of cells in combination group was significantly inhibited (p &lt; 0.05), and apoptosis rate markedly increased (p &lt; 0.05), cell cycle was arrested at G(1)-S phase, the mRNA expressive level of P21 and BAX increased, while the expression of BCL-2 decreased.	2-Methoxyestradiol	57-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	301-304
22169296-4	2011	The results showed that compared with cells treated with 2-ME2 or Bor alone, the proliferative potential of cells in combination group was significantly inhibited (p &lt; 0.05), and apoptosis rate markedly increased (p &lt; 0.05), cell cycle was arrested at G(1)-S phase, the mRNA expressive level of P21 and BAX increased, while the expression of BCL-2 decreased.	Bortezomib	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	301-304
20458559-0	2011	Essential role of cell cycle regulatory genes p21 and p27 expression in inhibition of breast cancer cells by arsenic trioxide.	Arsenic Trioxide	109-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
20458559-6	2011	Notably, As2O3 treatment increased the mRNA and protein levels of the cell cycle inhibitory proteins, p21 and p27.	Arsenic Trioxide	9-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
20458559-7	2011	Interestingly, knocking down p21 or p27 individually did not alter As2O3-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest; however, the simultaneous down-regulation of both p21 and p27 resulted in attenuating of G1, G2/M arrest and reduction in apoptosis, thus indicating that p21 and p27 as the primary molecular targets of As2O3 against breast cancer.	Arsenic Trioxide	316-321	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
20458559-7	2011	Interestingly, knocking down p21 or p27 individually did not alter As2O3-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest; however, the simultaneous down-regulation of both p21 and p27 resulted in attenuating of G1, G2/M arrest and reduction in apoptosis, thus indicating that p21 and p27 as the primary molecular targets of As2O3 against breast cancer.	Arsenic Trioxide	316-321	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
21775055-6	2011	When KIM-1 cells, which are very low in NDRG1/Cap43 expression, were treated with mimosine, a G0/G1 cell cycle blocker, expression of NDRG1/Cap43 was induced in a dose dependent manner, together with p21 induction and CDK4 reduction.	Mimosine	82-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
22127059-3	2011	Here we show the pressure-induced formation of a partially ionic phase (monoclinic P2(1) structure) consisting of coupled alternate layers of (OH)(delta-) and (H(3)O)(delta+) (delta=0.62) in water ice predicted by particle-swarm optimization structural search at zero temperature and pressures of &gt;14 Mbar.	Water	191-196	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-88
21889949-7	2011	At the doses used, ATO did not interfere with cell cycle progression, but SAHA induced p21 expression and led to G1 arrest.	Vorinostat	74-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
21552291-8	2011	Although p53 and its classical targets such as p21 and Mdm2 are activated by both H(2)O(2) and CDDP, we found that the expression of haeme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-an antioxidant and antiapoptotic protein-was directly induced only upon H(2)O(2) treatment in a p53-dependent manner.	Hydrogen Peroxide	82-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
21552291-8	2011	Although p53 and its classical targets such as p21 and Mdm2 are activated by both H(2)O(2) and CDDP, we found that the expression of haeme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-an antioxidant and antiapoptotic protein-was directly induced only upon H(2)O(2) treatment in a p53-dependent manner.	Cisplatin	95-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
21553143-3	2011	METHODS: We treated human glioblastoma cells with BP and found a dose-dependent decrease in human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA expression and a concomitant increase in p16 and p21 expression.	butylidenephthalide	50-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
21878748-0	2011	Sorafenib attenuates p21 in kidney cancer cells and augments cell death in combination with DNA-damaging chemotherapy.	Sorafenib	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
21878748-6	2011	We now show that sorafenib markedly decreases p21 levels in several RCC and hepatocellular carcinoma cells.	Sorafenib	17-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
21878748-8	2011	In cells treated with doxorubicin to augment p21, sorafenib markedly decreases this protein, and the combinations of paclitaxel or doxorubicin with sorafenib show additive cytotoxicity as a function of the VHL status of the cells, suggesting that lower doses of each agent could be used in the clinical setting.	Doxorubicin	22-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
21878748-8	2011	In cells treated with doxorubicin to augment p21, sorafenib markedly decreases this protein, and the combinations of paclitaxel or doxorubicin with sorafenib show additive cytotoxicity as a function of the VHL status of the cells, suggesting that lower doses of each agent could be used in the clinical setting.	Sorafenib	50-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
21878748-9	2011	In summary, we show a novel signaling pathway by which sorafenib exerts its salutary effects in RCC; future work will focus on the use of these drug combinations in the context of conventional therapeutics, and novel compounds and protocols targeting p21 in conjunction with sorafenib should be pursued.	Sorafenib	55-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	251-254
22037398-8	2011	In hMSCs isolated from a chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patient, p53 and p21 were induced by cisplatin and gamma-irradiation, while RPA2 was phosphorylated on serine4/8 in particular following cisplatin.	Cisplatin	197-206	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
21908486-7	2011	Honokiol down-regulated the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin D2, Cdk2, Cdk4 and Cdk6 proteins and up-regulated the expression of Cdk"s inhibitor proteins p21 and p27.	honokiol	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
21803488-0	2011	All-trans retinoic acid induces cellular senescence via upregulation of p16, p21, and p27.	Tretinoin	10-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
21803488-3	2011	ATRA also upregulated levels of p16, p21, and p27 which lead to activation of Rb and subsequent inactivation of E2F1.	Tretinoin	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
21956589-5	2011	VO(CH(3)SO(3))(2) (P2(1)/c, a=1136.5(1), b=869.87(7), c=915.5(1) pm, beta=113.66(1) , V=0.8290(2) nm(3), Z=4) contains [VO] units connected by methanesulfonate anions to form corrugated layers parallel to (100).	Vanadium(II) oxide	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-26
22037398-4	2011	Cisplatin and gamma-irradiation activated the DNA damage response in hMSCs, including induction of p53 and p21, and activation of PI3 kinase-related protein kinase (PIKK)-dependent phosphorylation of histone H2AX on serine 139, and replication protein A2 on serine4/serine8.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
22037398-8	2011	In hMSCs isolated from a chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patient, p53 and p21 were induced by cisplatin and gamma-irradiation, while RPA2 was phosphorylated on serine4/8 in particular following cisplatin.	Cisplatin	97-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
21816217-0	2011	Autophagy regulates ROS-induced cellular senescence via p21 in a p38 MAPKalpha dependent manner.	Reactive Oxygen Species	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
21816217-5	2011	Further studies showed that Atg5 regulates H2O2-induced senescence primarily by up-regulating the expression of p21 at the level of post-transcription.	Hydrogen Peroxide	43-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
21878644-11	2011	Further studies provided evidence for the stabilization of Nrf2 due to reduced 26 S proteasome activity and increased p21 association as the driving signaling event that contributes to the transition from a high ROS quiescent state to a low ROS proliferating stage in drug-induced tumor stem cell enrichment.	Reactive Oxygen Species	212-215	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
22065906-0	2011	Apoptotic effects of genistein, biochanin-A and apigenin on LNCaP and PC-3 cells by p21 through transcriptional inhibition of polo-like kinase-1.	Genistein	21-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
22065906-8	2011	In conclusion, flavonoids treatment induces up-regulation of p21 expression, and p21 inhibits transcription of PLK-1, which promotes apoptosis of cancer cells.	Flavonoids	15-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
21811764-9	2011	These results suggest that KLF4 as an important cellular target of ABL mediates the growth inhibition of HT-29 cells induced by ABL via upregulation of p21 expression.	lauric acid	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
21811764-9	2011	These results suggest that KLF4 as an important cellular target of ABL mediates the growth inhibition of HT-29 cells induced by ABL via upregulation of p21 expression.	lauric acid	128-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
21878644-11	2011	Further studies provided evidence for the stabilization of Nrf2 due to reduced 26 S proteasome activity and increased p21 association as the driving signaling event that contributes to the transition from a high ROS quiescent state to a low ROS proliferating stage in drug-induced tumor stem cell enrichment.	Reactive Oxygen Species	241-244	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
21617849-0	2011	Aspirin reduces the apoptotic effect of etoposide via Akt activation and up-regulation of p21(cip).	Aspirin	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
22029423-10	2011	RSV enhanced IR-induced expression of DNA damage (gammaH2Ax) and apoptosis (cleaved-caspase 3) markers as well as of the cell cycle regulators p53, p21(cip1) and p27(kip1).	Resveratrol	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
22029423-12	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that RSV arrests cell cycle, promotes apoptosis and sensitizes PrCa cells to IR likely through a desirable dual action to activate the ATM-AMPK-p53-p21(cip1)/p27(kip1) and inhibit the Akt signalling pathways.	Resveratrol	38-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
21840268-6	2011	p53 was activated and phosphorylated at Serine15 followed by p21 gene activation through both p53-dependent and -independent pathways.	serine15	40-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
21786165-5	2011	Growth inhibitory effects of celastrol correlated with a decrease in the levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin E, but concomitant increase in the levels of p21 and p27.	celastrol	29-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
21311948-0	2011	Role of p21 in SP600125-induced cell cycle arrest, endoreduplication, and apoptosis.	pyrazolanthrone	15-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
21311948-2	2011	However the role of p21 in SP600125-mediated G(2)/M distribution is not fully understood.	pyrazolanthrone	27-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
21311948-3	2011	Our results showed that the transcriptional activation of p21 by SP600125 is mediated through the proximal regions of multiple Sp1 sites in the p21 promoter following ERK-dependent phosphorylation of Sp1.	pyrazolanthrone	65-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
21311948-3	2011	Our results showed that the transcriptional activation of p21 by SP600125 is mediated through the proximal regions of multiple Sp1 sites in the p21 promoter following ERK-dependent phosphorylation of Sp1.	pyrazolanthrone	65-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
21311948-5	2011	Furthermore, SP600125 induces the phosphorylation of p21 at Thr 145 through the PI3K/Akt pathway.	pyrazolanthrone	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
21311948-5	2011	Furthermore, SP600125 induces the phosphorylation of p21 at Thr 145 through the PI3K/Akt pathway.	Threonine	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
21617849-0	2011	Aspirin reduces the apoptotic effect of etoposide via Akt activation and up-regulation of p21(cip).	Etoposide	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
21617849-7	2011	Our data showed that the protein expression and ser146 phosphorylation levels of p21(cip) were significantly increased after treatment with aspirin, whereas p53 or p27 showed no change.	Aspirin	140-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
21617849-8	2011	The increase of p21(cip) protein levels was also scavenged by wortmannin but not by U0126.	Wortmannin	62-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
21617849-9	2011	Moreover, reduction of caspase-3 activity induced by aspirin was attenuated by silencing p21(cip) expression.	Aspirin	53-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
21617849-10	2011	These results indicated that the anti-apoptotic effect of aspirin was dependent on activation of Akt which inhibited cell apoptosis by up-regulating p21(cip) and blocking caspase-3 activation.	Aspirin	58-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
21872575-11	2011	Furthermore, p53 siRNA and p21 siRNA transfection attenuated adriamycin-induced SA-beta-gal staining.	Doxorubicin	61-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
21933400-12	2011	However, p21 was significantly increased by SAHA and combination treatment as compared to HIT only in the two sarcoma cell lines--again in contrast to the osteoblast cell line.	Vorinostat	44-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
21933400-13	2011	Changes in the repair kinetics of DSB p53-independent apoptosis with p21 involvement may be part of the underlying mechanisms for radio-sensitization by SAHA.	Vorinostat	153-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
21815631-5	2011	We further characterized the DNA damage, generation of highly reactive oxygen species (hROS), and expression of proteins p21 and p53 in cells after exposure to iAs(III), DMA(III), and DMMTA(V).	N-myristoyl-alaninol	170-173	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
21815631-5	2011	We further characterized the DNA damage, generation of highly reactive oxygen species (hROS), and expression of proteins p21 and p53 in cells after exposure to iAs(III), DMA(III), and DMMTA(V).	dmmta	184-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
21815631-6	2011	Cellular exposure to DMMTA(V) resulted in reduced protein expression of p53 and p21, increased DNA damage, and increased intracellular hROS (hydroxyl radical).	dmmta	21-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
21872575-11	2011	Furthermore, p53 siRNA and p21 siRNA transfection attenuated adriamycin-induced SA-beta-gal staining.	2-(2-quinolinyl)-1H-indene--1,3(2H)-dione-6'-sulfonic acid	80-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
21843507-0	2011	All-trans retinoic acid induces cellular senescence by up-regulating levels of p16 and p21 via promoter hypomethylation.	Tretinoin	10-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
21742020-5	2011	Upregulation of hHR23 expression by low-dose cisplatin was accompanied by an increase in p53, p21, and XPC protein levels.	Cisplatin	45-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
21843507-1	2011	All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces cellular senescence via up-regulation of p16 and p21; however, the action mechanism of ATRA is unknown.	Tretinoin	0-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
21843507-1	2011	All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces cellular senescence via up-regulation of p16 and p21; however, the action mechanism of ATRA is unknown.	Tretinoin	25-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
21843507-2	2011	Here, we show that ATRA induces promoter hypomethylation of p16 and p21 via down-regulation of DNA methyltransferases 1, 3a, and 3b to facilitate binding of Ets1/2 to the p16 promoter and p53 to the p21 promoter, resulting in up-regulation of their expression and subsequent induction of cellular senescence in HepG2 cells.	Tretinoin	19-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
21843507-2	2011	Here, we show that ATRA induces promoter hypomethylation of p16 and p21 via down-regulation of DNA methyltransferases 1, 3a, and 3b to facilitate binding of Ets1/2 to the p16 promoter and p53 to the p21 promoter, resulting in up-regulation of their expression and subsequent induction of cellular senescence in HepG2 cells.	Tretinoin	19-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
21719763-7	2011	In cultured SMCs, inorganic phosphate (Pi) stimulation dose-dependently increased SAbeta-gal-positive cells, and Pi-induced senescence was associated with downregulation of SIRT1 expression, leading to p21 activation.	Phosphates	18-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
21868512-10	2011	The p53 pathway was involved in the synergism of RAD001 and carboplatin on breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, since the synergistic effect was demonstrated in all tested breast cancer cell lines with wild-type p53 and the use of p53 inhibitor partially antagonized the effect of RAD001 and carboplatin on p53 and p21 expression, as well as their inhibitory effect on cell proliferation.	Carboplatin	60-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	326-329
21709443-10	2011	These data also suggest the novel finding that the enhanced antitumor activity of topotecan following low-dose exposure correlates to alterations in cell cycle and increased p21 expression.	Topotecan	82-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
21570766-4	2011	This synergistic effect was associated with abrogation of CDDP-induced G2/M arrest by down-regulations of phospho-Cdc2 and p21, and inhibitions of phospho-AKT, phospho-ERK and NF-kappaB.	Cisplatin	58-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
21940317-8	2011	When pathological factors were also introduced in the analysis, the positive prognostic role on CSS was obtained for p21 and lymphatic invasion; CFS was positively influenced by the presence of p21 protein and lymphatic invasion.	thiocysteine	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
21869603-6	2011	In drug sensitive MCF-7 cells which have wild-type p53; ERK, p53 and downstream p21 (Cip-1 ) were induced upon exposure to doxorubicin.	Doxorubicin	123-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
21869603-7	2011	In contrast, in the drug resistant cells which expressed activated Akt-1, much lower levels of p53 and p21 (Cip1) were induced upon exposure to doxorubicin.	Doxorubicin	144-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
21940317-9	2011	For patients with pN0, p21 protein was an independent predictive marker for CSS and CFS.	thiocysteine	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
21067279-5	2011	Both types of TiO2 nanoparticles transiently upregulated mRNA expression of p53 and its downstream regulated DNA damage responsive genes (mdm2, gadd45alpha, p21), providing additional evidence that TiO2 nanoparticles are genotoxic.	titanium dioxide	14-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
21229291-10	2011	Inhibiting DNMTs by 5-azacytidine (DNMT inhibitor) treatment led to significant inhibition of expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3B and enhanced expression of TSGs such as PTEN and p21 analyzed in this study.	Azacitidine	20-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
21737444-5	2011	Induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 by MS-275 was attenuated by IGFBP-3 down-regulation, providing an explanation for IGFBP-3-dependent effects of MS-275 on cell cycle activity.	entinostat	58-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
21737444-5	2011	Induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 by MS-275 was attenuated by IGFBP-3 down-regulation, providing an explanation for IGFBP-3-dependent effects of MS-275 on cell cycle activity.	entinostat	166-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
21620794-7	2011	These carotenoids up-regulated the expression of PPARgamma and p21 and down-regulated the expression of cyclin D1 in a dose-dependent manner.	Carotenoids	6-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
21864408-8	2011	We used the inhibitors LY294002, Akti-1/2, and rapamycin, to show that p21 induction is dependent upon PI3-kinase and AKT activity, and partially dependent on mTOR.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	23-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
21864408-9	2011	We treated the cells with proteasome inhibitor MG-132 and found that p21 may be degraded in the proteasome to regulate protein levels.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	47-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
21864408-11	2011	Treatment of cells with the GSK-3beta inhibitor SB-216763 increased p21 levels, while exogenous expression of GSK-3beta caused a decrease in p21, indicating that GSK-3beta actively reduces p21 levels.	SB 216763	48-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
21669554-6	2011	We demonstrate that oxLDL activates ATM and downstream p21 expression in normal fibroblasts and endothelial cells.	oxldl	20-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
21739974-0	2011	4-acetylantroquinonol B isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea arrests proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell by affecting p53, p21 and p27 levels.	4-acetylantroquinonol B	0-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
21739974-4	2011	The protein levels of p53 and p21 proteins were also increased when the cells were treated with low dosage (0.1 mug/mL) of 4-acetylantroquinonol B.	4-acetylantroquinonol	123-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
21739974-10	2011	Our finding suggested that the 4-acetylantroquinonol B inhibits proliferation of HepG2 cells via affecting p53, p21 and p27 proteins, and can be considered as a potential cancer drug.	4-acetylantroquinonol B	31-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
21656826-0	2011	Resistance to docetaxel-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by p38/p53/p21 signaling.	Docetaxel	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
21656826-9	2011	Docetaxel stabilizes p53 protein level and upregulates p21 in a p53-dependent manner in LNCaP cells.	Docetaxel	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
21656826-11	2011	Treatment with p38-specific inhibitor SB203580 or knocking down p38 by siRNA significantly impaired the upregulation of p53 and p21 by docetaxel.	SB 203580	38-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
21656826-11	2011	Treatment with p38-specific inhibitor SB203580 or knocking down p38 by siRNA significantly impaired the upregulation of p53 and p21 by docetaxel.	Docetaxel	135-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
21656826-12	2011	Knocking down p38 or p21 sensitizes LNCaP cells to docetaxel treatment and the antiapoptotic effect of p21 can be reversed by p38 siRNA in LNCaP cells.	Docetaxel	51-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
21656826-13	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Stimulation of the p38/p53/p21 signaling axis could be important for regulating the susceptibility towards docetaxel in prostate cancer.	Docetaxel	120-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
21906442-5	2011	The expression levels of caspase-3, -8, -9, c-FLIP, Bcl-2, p53, and p21 in the FLS changed after epirubicin treatment.	Epirubicin	97-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
21628527-6	2011	UBCH8, a member of the UBE2E family of UBCs, ubiquitylates and promotes the degradation of p21, both during the normal cell cycle and in UV-irradiated cells.	ubcs	39-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
21906442-6	2011	CONCLUSION: Epirubicin may coordinate with AD5-10 in inducing FLS apoptosis through affecting the levels of p53, p21, c-FLIP, and Bcl-2.	Epirubicin	12-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
21565979-4	2011	Induction of p21 was inhibited by miR-22 after exposure to the genotoxic agent Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Bedford Laboratories), sensitizing cells to p53-dependent apoptosis.	Doxorubicin	79-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
21634433-6	2011	On the other hand, MAP2c and, to a lesser degree, p21(Cip1), which carry out their functions by partner binding and accompanying partially induced folding, show signs of local structuring and also some global compaction upon crowded conditions, in particular in the presence of TMAO.	trimethyloxamine	278-282	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
21565979-4	2011	Induction of p21 was inhibited by miR-22 after exposure to the genotoxic agent Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Bedford Laboratories), sensitizing cells to p53-dependent apoptosis.	Doxorubicin	91-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
21565980-6	2011	Nicotinamide modulates the p53-dependent genes p21, NOXA, BAX, and Mcl-1, indicating an activation of the p53 pathway and of caspase-3.	Niacinamide	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
21515331-0	2011	Induction of ROS, p53, p21 in DEHP- and MEHP-exposed LNCaP cells-protection by selenium compounds.	Selenium	79-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
21515331-1	2011	This study was designed to investigate the hypothesis that the toxic effects of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), the most abundantly used plasticizer and ubiquitous environmental contaminant that cause alterations in endocrine and spermatogenic functions in animals is mediated through the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of nuclear p53 and p21 proteins in LNCaP human prostate adenocarcinoma cell line.	Diethylhexyl Phthalate	80-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	368-371
21515332-10	2011	In conclusion, both limonoids induced apoptosis by activation of intrinsic apoptosis pathway and activation of p21 leading to arresting cells at G2/M phase of the cell cycle.	Limonins	20-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
21515331-1	2011	This study was designed to investigate the hypothesis that the toxic effects of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), the most abundantly used plasticizer and ubiquitous environmental contaminant that cause alterations in endocrine and spermatogenic functions in animals is mediated through the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of nuclear p53 and p21 proteins in LNCaP human prostate adenocarcinoma cell line.	Diethylhexyl Phthalate	107-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	368-371
21726064-9	2011	The protein levels of both total Smad3 and phosphorylated Smad3 were both up-regulated after berbamine treatment, together with decreased c-Myc and cyclin D1 and increased p21.	berbamine	93-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
22207897-5	2011	Knockdown of miR-203 following cisplatin treatment enhances p53, p21, and Bax protein expression.	Cisplatin	31-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
21479363-4	2011	Moreover, resveratrol enhanced apoptosis of MCF-7/ASPP1 cells, accompanied by higher expression of bax and p21.	Resveratrol	10-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
21374800-6	2011	SFN treatment also selectively decreased HDAC activity, and Class I and II HDAC proteins, increased acetylated histone H3 at the promoter for P21, induced p21 expression and increased tubulin acetylation in prostate cancer cells.	sulforaphane	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
21374800-6	2011	SFN treatment also selectively decreased HDAC activity, and Class I and II HDAC proteins, increased acetylated histone H3 at the promoter for P21, induced p21 expression and increased tubulin acetylation in prostate cancer cells.	sulforaphane	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
21396949-7	2011	Moreover, our results demonstrated that attenuation of GTP by almost 60% augmented the intracellular ROS and nuclear localization of p21 and subsequently led to cell death.	Guanosine Triphosphate	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
21396949-7	2011	Moreover, our results demonstrated that attenuation of GTP by almost 60% augmented the intracellular ROS and nuclear localization of p21 and subsequently led to cell death.	ros	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
21663649-11	2011	However, after repeated NA exposure, BrdU induced epithelial cell (Clara cell) senescence, as demonstrated by a DNA damage response, p21 overexpression, increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, and growth arrest, which resulted in impaired epithelial regeneration.	Bromodeoxyuridine	37-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
21325480-0	2011	Hepatitis B virus X protein overcomes all-trans retinoic acid-induced cellular senescence by downregulating levels of p16 and p21 via DNA methylation.	2-octenal	42-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
21325480-0	2011	Hepatitis B virus X protein overcomes all-trans retinoic acid-induced cellular senescence by downregulating levels of p16 and p21 via DNA methylation.	Tretinoin	48-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
21325480-4	2011	In addition, HBx suppressed ATRA-mediated induction of p16 and p21 in HepG2 cells via promoter hypermethylation, resulting in inactivation of retinoblastoma protein.	Tretinoin	28-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
21325480-5	2011	Furthermore, the ability of HBx to overcome ATRA-induced cellular senescence almost completely disappeared when the levels of p16 and p21 in the HBx-expressing cells became similar to those in the control cells by complementation in the former by exogenous expression, knockdown of their expression in the latter using specific small interfering RNA or treatment with a DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-Aza-2"-deoxycytidine.	Tretinoin	44-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
21677879-0	2011	Induction of p21-dependent senescence by an NAE inhibitor, MLN4924, as a mechanism of growth suppression.	N-lauroylethanolamine	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
21677879-0	2011	Induction of p21-dependent senescence by an NAE inhibitor, MLN4924, as a mechanism of growth suppression.	pevonedistat	59-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
21466819-10	2011	Nickel was able to activate p21, and its activation was offset by the over-expression of DeltaNp63.	Nickel	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
21466819-12	2011	The present study demonstrated that nickel decreased interferon regulatory proteins IRF3 and IRF7, and activated NF-kappaB, resulting in DeltaNp63 suppression and then p21 up-regulation.	Nickel	36-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
21740780-9	2011	In resveratrol sensitive cells, capan-2 and colo357, the activation of caspase-3 was detected and showed significant caspase-3 activation upon resveratrol treatment; p53 and p21 were also detected up-regulated upon resveratrol treatment.	Resveratrol	3-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
21740780-9	2011	In resveratrol sensitive cells, capan-2 and colo357, the activation of caspase-3 was detected and showed significant caspase-3 activation upon resveratrol treatment; p53 and p21 were also detected up-regulated upon resveratrol treatment.	Resveratrol	143-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
21740780-9	2011	In resveratrol sensitive cells, capan-2 and colo357, the activation of caspase-3 was detected and showed significant caspase-3 activation upon resveratrol treatment; p53 and p21 were also detected up-regulated upon resveratrol treatment.	Resveratrol	143-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
21372224-7	2011	Exposure of cells to the ADC demonstrated signaling pathways leading to PARP cleavage, but differences versus free SN-38 in p53 and p21 upregulation were noted.	Irinotecan	115-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
21454683-5	2011	Furthermore, enhanced p21 expression in p53-72R-expressing cells, which is dependent on phosphorylation at Ser-6, was demonstrated.	Serine	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
21417953-7	2011	Importantly, blocking the induction of p21 in CaSki-Tam67-expressing cells accelerated their proliferation rate to that of CaSki, implicating p21 as a key player in the growth arrest induced by Tam67.	tam67	52-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
21454715-7	2011	A citrulline-mimicking Arg-NLS-Gln ING4 mutant, which has all Arg residues in the NLS mutated to Gln, loses its affinity for p53, can no longer promote p53 acetylation, and results in repression of downstream p21 expression.	Citrulline	2-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
21454715-7	2011	A citrulline-mimicking Arg-NLS-Gln ING4 mutant, which has all Arg residues in the NLS mutated to Gln, loses its affinity for p53, can no longer promote p53 acetylation, and results in repression of downstream p21 expression.	Arginine	23-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
21454715-7	2011	A citrulline-mimicking Arg-NLS-Gln ING4 mutant, which has all Arg residues in the NLS mutated to Gln, loses its affinity for p53, can no longer promote p53 acetylation, and results in repression of downstream p21 expression.	Glutamine	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
21417953-7	2011	Importantly, blocking the induction of p21 in CaSki-Tam67-expressing cells accelerated their proliferation rate to that of CaSki, implicating p21 as a key player in the growth arrest induced by Tam67.	tam67	52-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
21310484-6	2011	Altogether our results showed that 7-b mediated its growth inhibitory effects on Raji cells via the activation of a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway and cell cycle checkpoint signaling pathway which subsequently targeted p21.	7-b	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
21321187-7	2011	MG treatment of VSMCs led to increased DNA synthesis (EC(50)=5.8 muM), cell proliferation, phosphorylation of p21 and glycogen synthase kinase-3alpha/beta (GSK-3alpha/beta), and increased cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) activity.	vsmcs	16-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
20614134-6	2011	RESULTS: The treatment with LiCl increased the percent of cells at S phase and G phase and the expression of c-MYC and Skp2 and decreased the expression of p21.	Lithium Chloride	28-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
20614134-8	2011	Notch3-siRNA weakened the effect of LiCl on the cell cycle and resulted in attenuation of the LiCl-induced increment of c-MYC and Skp2 and the LiCl-induced decrement of p21.	Lithium Chloride	36-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
21310484-6	2011	Altogether our results showed that 7-b mediated its growth inhibitory effects on Raji cells via the activation of a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway and cell cycle checkpoint signaling pathway which subsequently targeted p21.	Reactive Oxygen Species	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
21346197-3	2011	Upon serum addition or activation of Rac1, VIF are rapidly phosphorylated at Ser-38, a p21-activated kinase phosphorylation site.	Serine	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
24052824-3	2011	The compound (IIb), C28H25NO, crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/a, with a = 11.376(5) A, b = 14.139(3) A, c = 13.237(4) A, beta = 97.41(3) ( ) , and Z = 4.	c28h25no	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
21504622-9	2011	RESULTS: Isochaihulactone caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in LNCaP cells, which was correlated with an increase of p53 and p21 levels and downregulation of the checkpoint proteins cdc25c, cyclin B1, and cdc2.	isochaihulactone	9-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
20891011-6	2011	The unreported zolpidem tartrate monohydrate instead crystallizes in monoclinic P21 , which, for comparison purposes, we treated in the nonstandard setting P1121 with a = 20.7582(9) A, b = 15.2331(5) A, c = 7.2420(2) A, gamma = 90.826(2) , and V = 2289.73(14) A(3) .	zolpidem tartrate monohydrate	15-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
21308745-1	2011	Using short hairpin RNA against p53, transient ectopic expression of wild-type p53 or mutant p53 (R248W or R175H), and a p53- and p21-dependent luciferase reporter assay, we demonstrated that growth arrest and apoptosis of FaDu (human pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma), Hep3B (hepatoma), and MG-63 (osteosarcoma) cells induced by aloe-emodin (AE) are p53-independent.	fadu	223-227	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
21205092-7	2011	Furthermore, vorinostat-induced RUNX3 significantly enhanced p21 expression and growth inhibition of Mz-ChA-2 cells through restoration of TGF-beta signaling.	Vorinostat	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
21209038-0	2011	(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reactivates silenced tumor suppressor genes, Cip1/p21 and p16INK4a, by reducing DNA methylation and increasing histones acetylation in human skin cancer cells.	epigallocatechin gallate	0-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
21209038-8	2011	Additionally, EGCG treatment resulted in re-expression of the mRNA and proteins of silenced tumor suppressor genes, p16INK4a and Cip1/p21.	epigallocatechin gallate	14-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
21462329-0	2011	The p53-, Bax- and p21-dependent inhibition of colon cancer cell growth by 5-hydroxy polymethoxyflavones.	5-hydroxy polymethoxyflavones	75-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
21220410-6	2011	Thus, we examined the effects of amitriptyline on histone 3 (H3) acetylation and demonstrated that amitriptyline increased acetylation of H3 and expression of p27 and p21.	Amitriptyline	99-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
21462329-5	2011	All three 5OH-PMFs increased G0/G1 cell population of HCT116 (p53(+/+) ) cells, and these effects were abolished in HCT116 (p53(-/-) ) and HCT116 (p21(-/-) ) cells.	5oh	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
21462329-7	2011	CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that 5OH-PMFs, especially 5HHMF and 5HTMF, induce apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest by p53-, Bax- and p21-dependent mechanism.	5oh-pmfs	42-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
21462329-7	2011	CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that 5OH-PMFs, especially 5HHMF and 5HTMF, induce apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest by p53-, Bax- and p21-dependent mechanism.	5-hydroxy-3,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone	63-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
21462329-7	2011	CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that 5OH-PMFs, especially 5HHMF and 5HTMF, induce apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest by p53-, Bax- and p21-dependent mechanism.	5-hydroxy-6,7,8,4'-tetramethoxyflavone	73-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
21426504-6	2011	Indoxyl sulfate effects were associated with a dose-dependent induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species and up-regulation of p21 and p27 protein expression.	Indican	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
21490707-0	2011	Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies regions on 7p21 (AHR) and 15q24 (CYP1A2) as determinants of habitual caffeine consumption.	Caffeine	106-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
21360677-6	2011	Ormeloxifen also inhibits proliferation of K562 cells by blocking them in G0-G1 phase by inhibiting c-myc promoter via ormeloxifen-induced MBP-1 (c-myc promoter-binding protein) and upregulation of p21 expression.	Centchroman	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
21360677-6	2011	Ormeloxifen also inhibits proliferation of K562 cells by blocking them in G0-G1 phase by inhibiting c-myc promoter via ormeloxifen-induced MBP-1 (c-myc promoter-binding protein) and upregulation of p21 expression.	Centchroman	119-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
21360677-8	2011	Thus, ormeloxifen induces apoptosis in K562 cells via phosphorylation of ERK and arrests them in G0-G1 phase by reciprocal regulation of p21 and c-myc.	Centchroman	6-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
21408143-3	2011	Icaritin-inhibited cell growth was associated with increased levels of p21 and p27 expression and reduced cyclinD1 and cdk 4 expression.	icaritin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
21087144-5	2011	The current study demonstrates that DC cells signal a DNA damage response through p53 and its downstream mediator, p21(WAF/CIP), which is accompanied by an elevation in steady-state levels of superoxide and percent glutathione disulfide, both indicators of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	192-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
21087144-5	2011	The current study demonstrates that DC cells signal a DNA damage response through p53 and its downstream mediator, p21(WAF/CIP), which is accompanied by an elevation in steady-state levels of superoxide and percent glutathione disulfide, both indicators of oxidative stress.	Glutathione Disulfide	215-236	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
21087144-7	2011	Further, restoring telomerase activity or inhibiting p53 or p21(WAF/CIP) significantly mitigated growth inhibition as well as caused a significant decrease in steady-state levels of superoxide.	Superoxides	182-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
21087144-8	2011	Our results support a model in which telomerase insufficiency in DC leads to p21(WAF/CIP) signaling, via p53, to cause increased steady-state levels of superoxide, metabolic oxidative stress, and senescence.	Superoxides	152-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
21300767-2	2011	Of all the extracts tested, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of M piperita showed significant dose- and time-dependent anticarcinogenic activity leading to G1 cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, perturbation of oxidative balance, upregulation of Bax gene, elevated expression of p53 and p21 in the treated cells, acquisition of senescence phenotype, while inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines response.	Chloroform	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	312-315
20839231-5	2011	Cd-induced cell-cycle arrest was associated with a decrease in CDK2 protein and with increase in p21 expression and p53 phosphorylation.	Cadmium	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
20839231-6	2011	Cd treatment caused a distinct increase in the formation of p21-cyclin E-CDK2 complex, as revealed by immunoprecipitation.	Cadmium	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
21257625-5	2011	In this study, we found that 1 muM ATO promoted MSC senescence mainly through p21, although it had no effect on apoptosis at this dose.	Arsenic Trioxide	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
21300767-2	2011	Of all the extracts tested, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of M piperita showed significant dose- and time-dependent anticarcinogenic activity leading to G1 cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, perturbation of oxidative balance, upregulation of Bax gene, elevated expression of p53 and p21 in the treated cells, acquisition of senescence phenotype, while inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines response.	ethyl acetate	43-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	312-315
21244075-7	2011	Enhanced p21 expression was also induced by largazole and its C2 epimer.	largazole	44-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
21169275-6	2011	The results show that promoter methylation of p14, p15, p16, p21, p27, p57 and p73 was far more common in ESCC samples with CIMP+ than those with CIMP-.	cimp+	124-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
20940449-8	2011	Treatment of HUVECs with aspirin suppressed TGFbeta1 and enhanced TGFbeta-R1 mRNA expression during HR (both P &lt; .05 vs HR alone) without a change in p53 and p21 (P-NS).	Aspirin	25-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
21468560-10	2011	The AngII + losartan group displayed longer telomere lengths, further reduced beta-galactosidase staining and decreased P53 and P21 expression compared to the AngII group.	Losartan	12-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
20979106-9	2011	Restored GPR43 expression, coupled with propionate treatment, induced an upregulation of p21 and a decrease in the levels of cyclin D3 and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 1 and 2, while the CDK4 and CDK6 levels remained unchanged.	Propionates	40-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
21541041-3	2011	In the current study, pretreatment with nitric oxide (NO) scavengers inhibited PDT-induced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) changes, activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, p21-activated protein kinase 2 (PAK2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and gene expression of p53 and p21 involved in apoptotic signaling.	Nitric Oxide	40-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
21106726-5	2011	At the molecular level, Dasatinib significantly counteracted the Nutlin-3-mediated induction of the p53 transcriptional targets MDM2 and p21 observed in p53(wild-type) leukemic cells.	Dasatinib	24-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
21114963-0	2011	Methotrexate induces apoptosis through p53/p21-dependent pathway and increases E-cadherin expression through downregulation of HDAC/EZH2.	Methotrexate	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
21114963-6	2011	The apoptosis and inhibition of cell viability induced by MTX were dependent on p53 and, partially, on p21.	Methotrexate	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
21288367-8	2011	Furthermore, the ECRG4 and ECRG1 co-expression remarkably upregulatd p21 protein level by Western blot (P &lt; 0.001), induced cell cycle G1 phase block by flow cytometric analysis (P &lt; 0.001) and suppressed cell proliferation by MTT and BrdU assay (both P &lt; 0.01) in ESCC cells.	monooxyethylene trimethylolpropane tristearate	233-236	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
20948431-9	2011	Low concentrations of boningmycin led to a senescent phenotype with an increase in senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity and the time-dependent increase of p21, p27, and p53 expressions from 48 to120 h. Taken together, the results showed that boningmycin exhibits potent antitumor actions through the induction of apoptosis and cellular senescence.	boningmycin	22-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
21138753-0	2011	The antiprogestin Lonaprisan inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation by inducing p21 expression.	lonaprisan	18-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
21138753-6	2011	Reduction of p21 levels blunted the antiproliferative effects of Lonaprisan.	lonaprisan	65-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
21145737-3	2011	A subset of the designed compounds selectively induced p21 over klf2 relative to the clinical reference compound SNDX-275.	entinostat	113-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
21216934-6	2011	Furthermore, the MAP/ERK kinase inhibitor PD98059 partially abolished modulation of p21 and cyclin D1 expression by p53R2.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	42-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
20875401-7	2011	Furthermore, TPT-dependent induction of p53, p21 and apoptosis were found 24-72h after treatment and were increased by PJ34 both in PARP-1 proficient and silenced cells.	Topotecan	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
21378327-5	2011	The effect of zeranol-serum on mRNA expression of cell cycle regulating gene (cyclin D1) and tumor suppressor genes (p53, and p21) was evaluated using real-time RT-PCR.	Zeranol	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
21378327-7	2011	Zeranol-serum up-regulated cyclin D1 and down-regulated p53 and p21 expression in PCHBECs compared with control serum.	Zeranol	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
20973777-0	2011	Salinomycin sensitizes cancer cells to the effects of doxorubicin and etoposide treatment by increasing DNA damage and reducing p21 protein.	salinomycin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
20973777-0	2011	Salinomycin sensitizes cancer cells to the effects of doxorubicin and etoposide treatment by increasing DNA damage and reducing p21 protein.	Doxorubicin	54-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
20973777-0	2011	Salinomycin sensitizes cancer cells to the effects of doxorubicin and etoposide treatment by increasing DNA damage and reducing p21 protein.	Etoposide	70-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
20973777-9	2011	The level of anti-apoptotic p21 protein was increased by DOX or ETO but decreased by Sal, which increased proteasome activity.	Doxorubicin	57-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
20973777-9	2011	The level of anti-apoptotic p21 protein was increased by DOX or ETO but decreased by Sal, which increased proteasome activity.	Etoposide	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
20973777-9	2011	The level of anti-apoptotic p21 protein was increased by DOX or ETO but decreased by Sal, which increased proteasome activity.	salinomycin	85-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
20973777-11	2011	Overall, we demonstrated that the ability of Sal to sensitize cancer cells to the effects of DOX or ETO is associated with an increase in DNA damage and a decrease in anti-apoptotic protein p21 levels.	salinomycin	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
20973777-11	2011	Overall, we demonstrated that the ability of Sal to sensitize cancer cells to the effects of DOX or ETO is associated with an increase in DNA damage and a decrease in anti-apoptotic protein p21 levels.	Doxorubicin	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
20973777-11	2011	Overall, we demonstrated that the ability of Sal to sensitize cancer cells to the effects of DOX or ETO is associated with an increase in DNA damage and a decrease in anti-apoptotic protein p21 levels.	Etoposide	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
21241187-0	2011	The RNA activator ds-p21 potentiates the cytotoxicity induced by fludarabine in Dohh2 cells.	fludarabine	65-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
21241187-9	2011	In contrast, the exposure of Dohh2 cells transfected with ds-p21 to fludarabine potentiates the cytotoxicity of the drug, suggesting the RNA activator p21 complements the fludarabine-dependent cell death pathways.	fludarabine	68-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
21241187-9	2011	In contrast, the exposure of Dohh2 cells transfected with ds-p21 to fludarabine potentiates the cytotoxicity of the drug, suggesting the RNA activator p21 complements the fludarabine-dependent cell death pathways.	fludarabine	68-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
21241187-9	2011	In contrast, the exposure of Dohh2 cells transfected with ds-p21 to fludarabine potentiates the cytotoxicity of the drug, suggesting the RNA activator p21 complements the fludarabine-dependent cell death pathways.	fludarabine	171-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
21241187-9	2011	In contrast, the exposure of Dohh2 cells transfected with ds-p21 to fludarabine potentiates the cytotoxicity of the drug, suggesting the RNA activator p21 complements the fludarabine-dependent cell death pathways.	fludarabine	171-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
21283757-0	2011	The microbe-derived short chain fatty acid butyrate targets miRNA-dependent p21 gene expression in human colon cancer.	short chain fatty acid butyrate	20-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
21283757-2	2011	The chemopreventative effects of the SCFA butyrate are, in part, mediated through induction of p21 gene expression.	scfa butyrate	37-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
21283757-3	2011	In this study, we assessed the role of microRNA(miRNA) in butyrate"s induction of p21 expression.	Butyrates	58-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
21283757-8	2011	Butyrate-induced p21 protein expression was dampened by treatment with a miR-106b mimic.	Butyrates	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
20309941-3	2011	Our results showed that YSV significantly inhibited the proliferation of human lung carcinoma A549, NCIH460, NCIH292 and NCIH1299 cells, induced G(0) /G(1) cell cycle arrest and increased protein and mRNA levels of p21 and p27.	CHEMBL1214620	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	215-218
20309941-4	2011	Moreover, YSV treatment significantly inhibited histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and resulted in the accumulation of acetylated histones H3 and H4 in total cellular chromatin and p21 gene-associated chromatin regions.	CHEMBL1214620	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
20309941-5	2011	Together these data suggest that the antitumor effects of YSV might be mediated by its inhibition of HDAC activity, selectively upregulating the expression of p21 by increasing the acetylation of histones associated with p21 gene regions, resulting in an induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibition of the proliferation of tumor cells.	CHEMBL1214620	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
20309941-5	2011	Together these data suggest that the antitumor effects of YSV might be mediated by its inhibition of HDAC activity, selectively upregulating the expression of p21 by increasing the acetylation of histones associated with p21 gene regions, resulting in an induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibition of the proliferation of tumor cells.	CHEMBL1214620	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	221-224
21790217-4	2011	p21 expression was significantly higher in HHUA cells transfected with the proline variant gene than in those transfected with the arginine variant gene.	Proline	75-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
21790217-4	2011	p21 expression was significantly higher in HHUA cells transfected with the proline variant gene than in those transfected with the arginine variant gene.	Arginine	131-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
21790217-5	2011	We consider that the presence of an upstream ERE promotes the transcriptional effects of the exogenous p53 gene with the proline variant, which strengthens the expression of p21, and results in lower transfection rates through cell cycle inhibition.	Proline	121-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
21045015-8	2011	Exposure to resveratrol or triacetyl-resveratrol activated p53, increased p21 and p53R2 and decreased PSA expression in LNCaP cells.	Resveratrol	12-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
21045015-8	2011	Exposure to resveratrol or triacetyl-resveratrol activated p53, increased p21 and p53R2 and decreased PSA expression in LNCaP cells.	triacetylresveratrol	27-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
21045015-12	2011	CWR22Rv1 cells exposed to resveratrol and triacetyl-resveratrol showed a G1S block, concomitant with increased p53 and p21 expression; however, identically treated PC-3 cells showed attenuated progression through the SG2M phases.	triacetylresveratrol	42-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
21045015-12	2011	CWR22Rv1 cells exposed to resveratrol and triacetyl-resveratrol showed a G1S block, concomitant with increased p53 and p21 expression; however, identically treated PC-3 cells showed attenuated progression through the SG2M phases.	Resveratrol	26-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
21035837-9	2011	Exposure to thioridazine induced G(0)/G(1) arrest and down-regulated the cell cycle regulator, Cyclin D1 and CDK4, and up-regulated p21, p16, and p-CDC25A.	Thioridazine	12-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
21931487-7	2011	Moreover, the copolymer of 2ME with MNPs- Fe(3)O(4) blocked a nearly two-fold increase in SKM-1 cells located in G(2)/M phase than in 2ME alone, which may be associated with an accompanying increase of p21 as well as a decrease in cyclin B1 and cdc2 expression, but there was no obvious difference between the MNPs-Fe(3)O(4) and control group.	copolymer	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
22174603-4	2011	Western blot analysis indicated that aaptamine induced p21 expression in K562 cells.	aaptamine	37-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
22174603-5	2011	Moreover, p21 promoter was activated by aaptamine treatment in p21 transfected K562 cells.	aaptamine	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
22174603-5	2011	Moreover, p21 promoter was activated by aaptamine treatment in p21 transfected K562 cells.	aaptamine	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
22174603-6	2011	Since K562 is p53 negative, aaptamine was demonstrated to be a p53-independent p21 inducer in CML cells.	aaptamine	28-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
21931487-7	2011	Moreover, the copolymer of 2ME with MNPs- Fe(3)O(4) blocked a nearly two-fold increase in SKM-1 cells located in G(2)/M phase than in 2ME alone, which may be associated with an accompanying increase of p21 as well as a decrease in cyclin B1 and cdc2 expression, but there was no obvious difference between the MNPs-Fe(3)O(4) and control group.	fe(3)o	42-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
22870140-0	2011	Nordihydroguaiaretic acid inhibits growth of cervical cancer SiHa cells by up-regulating p21.	Masoprocol	0-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
21886803-5	2011	By using DNA template depletion steps that include DNA template immobilization, Trizol extraction and DNase I treatment, we have successfully enriched p21 promoter-driven transcripts over DNA templates.	trizol	80-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
21776823-5	2011	Metformin induced apoptosis by arresting cells in G1 phase and reducing cyclin D level and increasing the expression of p21 and cyclin E. Molecular and cellular studies indicated that metformin significantly elevated p53 and Bax levels and reduced STAT3 and Bcl-2.	Metformin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
21776823-5	2011	Metformin induced apoptosis by arresting cells in G1 phase and reducing cyclin D level and increasing the expression of p21 and cyclin E. Molecular and cellular studies indicated that metformin significantly elevated p53 and Bax levels and reduced STAT3 and Bcl-2.	Metformin	184-193	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
22022534-5	2011	METHODOLOGY: During induction of senescence by low levels of endogenous p53 and ectopic p21, cells were co-treated with nocodazole, which eliminated proliferating cells.	Nocodazole	120-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
21858171-0	2011	Apoptosis induced by piroxicam plus cisplatin combined treatment is triggered by p21 in mesothelioma.	Piroxicam	21-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
21858171-0	2011	Apoptosis induced by piroxicam plus cisplatin combined treatment is triggered by p21 in mesothelioma.	Cisplatin	36-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
21858171-6	2011	Here we show that apoptotic increase following combined treatment is mediated by p21, since apoptotic increase in piroxicam/cisplatin combined treatment is abolished upon p21 silencing.	Piroxicam	114-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
21858171-6	2011	Here we show that apoptotic increase following combined treatment is mediated by p21, since apoptotic increase in piroxicam/cisplatin combined treatment is abolished upon p21 silencing.	Piroxicam	114-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
21858171-6	2011	Here we show that apoptotic increase following combined treatment is mediated by p21, since apoptotic increase in piroxicam/cisplatin combined treatment is abolished upon p21 silencing.	Cisplatin	124-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
22087283-9	2011	The combination of bortezomib and ATRA triggered increased differentiation through the activation of proteins, including RARalpha, RARbeta, RARgamma, p-JNK and p21, compared with ATRA treatment alone.	Bortezomib	19-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
22087283-9	2011	The combination of bortezomib and ATRA triggered increased differentiation through the activation of proteins, including RARalpha, RARbeta, RARgamma, p-JNK and p21, compared with ATRA treatment alone.	Tretinoin	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
21980390-9	2011	Resveratrol induced cell cycle arrest by up-regulating the expression of p21/CIP1, p27/KIP1 and inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1.	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
21858218-5	2011	p21, an important regulator of cell senescence, was induced ~3 fold in HCT116 PTTG1(-/-) cells upon doxorubicin or Trichostatin A treatment.	Doxorubicin	100-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
21858218-5	2011	p21, an important regulator of cell senescence, was induced ~3 fold in HCT116 PTTG1(-/-) cells upon doxorubicin or Trichostatin A treatment.	trichostatin A	115-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
21858218-8	2011	PTTG1 also regulated SW620 colon cancer cells response to doxorubicin and TSA mediated by p21.	trichostatin A	74-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
21858171-6	2011	Here we show that apoptotic increase following combined treatment is mediated by p21, since apoptotic increase in piroxicam/cisplatin combined treatment is abolished upon p21 silencing.	Cisplatin	124-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
21858171-7	2011	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Piroxicam/cisplatin combined treatment determines an apoptosis increase in MM cells, which is dependent on the p21 expression.	Piroxicam	26-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
21858171-7	2011	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Piroxicam/cisplatin combined treatment determines an apoptosis increase in MM cells, which is dependent on the p21 expression.	Cisplatin	36-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
21858171-8	2011	The results provided suggest that piroxicam/cisplatin combination might be tested in clinical settings in tumor specimens that express p21.	Piroxicam	34-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
21858171-8	2011	The results provided suggest that piroxicam/cisplatin combination might be tested in clinical settings in tumor specimens that express p21.	Cisplatin	44-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
20970453-4	2011	More than 10 sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids selectively mediate expressions of approximately 50 genes including c-myc, p21, c-fos, telomerase reverse transcriptase, caspase-9, Bcl-x, cyclooxygenase-2, matrix metalloproteinases, integrins, Oct-4, glucosylceramide synthase and multidrug-resistant gene 1.	Sphingolipids	13-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
20970453-4	2011	More than 10 sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids selectively mediate expressions of approximately 50 genes including c-myc, p21, c-fos, telomerase reverse transcriptase, caspase-9, Bcl-x, cyclooxygenase-2, matrix metalloproteinases, integrins, Oct-4, glucosylceramide synthase and multidrug-resistant gene 1.	Glycosphingolipids	31-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
21628989-12	2011	Panaxydol dose-dependently decreased the expression of regulatory factors Id1 and increased the protein levels of p21 and p-ERK1/2 correspondingly.	panaxydol	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
21150324-0	2010	Lessons learned from testicular cancer: identification of cytoplasmic p21 as an Achilles" heel of cisplatin resistance.	Cisplatin	98-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
21429402-9	2011	BTZ alone significantly increased the proportion of cells in G(2)/M phase (P &lt; 0.01) in a dose-dependent manner and up-regulated the expression level of P21.	Bortezomib	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
20880848-9	2010	In further studies, we found that activation of AMPK is involved in TMZ-induced p53 activation and subsequent p21, Noxa, and Bax up-regulation.	Temozolomide	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
20952396-3	2010	We show here that induction of p21 by trichostatin A involves MAP kinase signaling.	trichostatin A	38-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
20952396-4	2010	Activation of the MAP kinase signaling pathway by growth factors or stress signals results in histone H3 serine 10 phosphorylation at the p21 promoter and is crucial for acetylation of the neighboring lysine 14 and recruitment of activated RNA polymerase II in response to trichostatin A treatment.	Serine	105-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
20952396-7	2010	The dual modification mark H3S10phK14ac at the activated p21 promoter is recognized by the phospho-binding protein 14-3-3zeta, which protects the phosphoacetylation mark from being processed by PP2A.	h3s10phk14ac	27-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
21311676-8	2010	With the co-treatment of PD98059 and melatonin, the expression of p-p53, p21, and MDM2 did not decrease.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	25-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
20633010-6	2010	5-FU induced p53 and p21 accumulation together with a decrease in cyclin B1 and Bcl-2 levels in treated keloid fibroblasts.	Fluorouracil	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
19777160-0	2010	Synergistic efficacy of sorafenib and genistein in growth inhibition by down regulating angiogenic and survival factors and increasing apoptosis through upregulation of p53 and p21 in malignant neuroblastoma cells having N-Myc amplification or non-amplification.	Sorafenib	24-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
19777160-0	2010	Synergistic efficacy of sorafenib and genistein in growth inhibition by down regulating angiogenic and survival factors and increasing apoptosis through upregulation of p53 and p21 in malignant neuroblastoma cells having N-Myc amplification or non-amplification.	Genistein	38-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
21181363-8	2010	Chrysoeriol could significantly reduce the expression of p-AKT (s473) and p-4eBP1 (t37/46) protein, meanwhile enhanced Cyclin B1 and p21 protein expression.	chrysoeriol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
21311676-6	2010	Melatonin increased the expressions of p53, p21, and p27.	Melatonin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
21311676-7	2010	Treatment with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, PD98059 (ERK inhibitor), SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) and SB202190 (p38 inhibitor), confirmed that the melatonin-induced apoptosis was p21-dependent, but ERK-independent.	Melatonin	166-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
21204767-3	2010	This study reports on the characterization in vitro of a fully phosphorothioated 20-mer oligonucleotide, complementary to p21 mRNA, radiolabeled with fluorine-18 using a thiol reactive prosthetic group.	mer oligonucleotide	84-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
21204767-3	2010	This study reports on the characterization in vitro of a fully phosphorothioated 20-mer oligonucleotide, complementary to p21 mRNA, radiolabeled with fluorine-18 using a thiol reactive prosthetic group.	Fluorine-18	150-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
21204767-3	2010	This study reports on the characterization in vitro of a fully phosphorothioated 20-mer oligonucleotide, complementary to p21 mRNA, radiolabeled with fluorine-18 using a thiol reactive prosthetic group.	Sulfhydryl Compounds	170-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
20924037-5	2010	RESULTS: Significantly higher LI was seen in IF compared with TC for p21, p53 and COX2.	Technetium	62-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
21221951-6	2010	An exopolysaccharide purified from the acidophilic strain was added to cultured U937 cells, resulting in significantly increased transcription levels of p53 and p21 genes.	exopolysaccharide	3-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
21311680-7	2010	Moreover, decreased (cyclin A) and increased (p21 and p27) expression of these E2F4 downstream genes by curcumin was restored by pretreatment of cells with NAC and E2F4 overexpression which is induced by doxycycline.	nac	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
21311676-8	2010	With the co-treatment of PD98059 and melatonin, the expression of p-p53, p21, and MDM2 did not decrease.	Melatonin	37-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
21311680-7	2010	Moreover, decreased (cyclin A) and increased (p21 and p27) expression of these E2F4 downstream genes by curcumin was restored by pretreatment of cells with NAC and E2F4 overexpression which is induced by doxycycline.	Doxycycline	204-215	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
21311676-9	2010	These effects were opposite to the expression of p-p53, p21, and MDM2 observed with SP600125 and SB202190 treatments.	pyrazolanthrone	84-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
20013077-4	2010	These effects were blocked by the MAP kinase blocker PD98059 (25 muM), indicating that MAPK plays a role in VDR and p21 upregulation.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	53-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
21311680-6	2010	Expression of several genes, cyclin A, p21, and p27, which has been shown to be regulated in E2F4-dependent manner and involved in the cell cycle progression was also affected by curcumin.	Curcumin	179-187	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
20013077-6	2010	One (p21 VDRE Luc) has the vitamin D response element (VDRE) in the p21 promoter region; the other (p21 NO-VDRE Luc) does not.	Vitamin D	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
20013077-6	2010	One (p21 VDRE Luc) has the vitamin D response element (VDRE) in the p21 promoter region; the other (p21 NO-VDRE Luc) does not.	Vitamin D	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
20013077-6	2010	One (p21 VDRE Luc) has the vitamin D response element (VDRE) in the p21 promoter region; the other (p21 NO-VDRE Luc) does not.	Vitamin D	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
21311680-7	2010	Moreover, decreased (cyclin A) and increased (p21 and p27) expression of these E2F4 downstream genes by curcumin was restored by pretreatment of cells with NAC and E2F4 overexpression which is induced by doxycycline.	Curcumin	104-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
20665144-8	2010	SAHA treatment added to ad-p63/p73 gene delivery caused an increase in p21 expression and cleaved poly-ADP ribose polymerase.	Vorinostat	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
20554189-0	2010	12-O-Tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced growth arrest is increased by silibinin by the down-regulation of cyclin B1 and cdc2 and the up-regulation of p21 expression in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	0-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
20554189-0	2010	12-O-Tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced growth arrest is increased by silibinin by the down-regulation of cyclin B1 and cdc2 and the up-regulation of p21 expression in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
20554189-0	2010	12-O-Tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced growth arrest is increased by silibinin by the down-regulation of cyclin B1 and cdc2 and the up-regulation of p21 expression in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells.	Silybin	82-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
20554189-7	2010	In contrast, TPA-induced p21 expression was further increased by silibinin.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
20554189-7	2010	In contrast, TPA-induced p21 expression was further increased by silibinin.	Silybin	65-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
20554189-10	2010	In addition, TPA-induced down-regulation of cyclin B1 was inhibited by LY294002; however, the basal level of p21 was increased by TPA and TPA-induced p21 expression was further increased by LY294002.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
20554189-10	2010	In addition, TPA-induced down-regulation of cyclin B1 was inhibited by LY294002; however, the basal level of p21 was increased by TPA and TPA-induced p21 expression was further increased by LY294002.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
20554189-10	2010	In addition, TPA-induced down-regulation of cyclin B1 was inhibited by LY294002; however, the basal level of p21 was increased by TPA and TPA-induced p21 expression was further increased by LY294002.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	130-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
20554189-10	2010	In addition, TPA-induced down-regulation of cyclin B1 was inhibited by LY294002; however, the basal level of p21 was increased by TPA and TPA-induced p21 expression was further increased by LY294002.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	130-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
20554189-10	2010	In addition, TPA-induced down-regulation of cyclin B1 was inhibited by LY294002; however, the basal level of p21 was increased by TPA and TPA-induced p21 expression was further increased by LY294002.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	190-198	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
20554189-10	2010	In addition, TPA-induced down-regulation of cyclin B1 was inhibited by LY294002; however, the basal level of p21 was increased by TPA and TPA-induced p21 expression was further increased by LY294002.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	190-198	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
20564478-5	2010	GA-treated cells resulted in significant growth inhibition in a dose-dependent manner accompanied by a decrease in cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk1), Cyclin B1, and Cdc25C, but significant increases in p-cdc2 (Tyr-15) and Cip1/p21 by western blotting.	Gallic Acid	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	225-228
21139994-5	2010	RESULTS: To reveal primary effects, we examined digitoxin"s effect 6 h post-treatment with the highest dose, 1mug/ml, and found upregulation of the stress response genes EGR-1 and NAB2, lipid biosynthetic genes and the tumor suppressor gene p21, and downregulation of the mitotic cell cycle gene CDC16 and the replication gene PolR3B.	Digitoxin	48-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	241-244
21083937-8	2010	Both rapamycin and Dex can induce up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors of p21 and p27 and co-treatment of rapamycin with Dex resulted in a synergistic induction of their expressions.	Sirolimus	5-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
21083937-8	2010	Both rapamycin and Dex can induce up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors of p21 and p27 and co-treatment of rapamycin with Dex resulted in a synergistic induction of their expressions.	Dexamethasone	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
20878062-9	2010	P53 staining was decreased, while PCNA and TGFbeta3 staining were increased by indomethacin in tumor areas with high presence of COX-2, which correlated to staining of BAX, TUNEL, Bcl-2, c-jun, p21, p27, p53 and NM23.	Indomethacin	79-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-197
21083937-8	2010	Both rapamycin and Dex can induce up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors of p21 and p27 and co-treatment of rapamycin with Dex resulted in a synergistic induction of their expressions.	Dexamethasone	142-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
20964307-8	2010	The magnetic ordering temperature decreases monotonously with increasing oxygen deficiency, while pronounced extrema are observed for the paramagnetic moment and the Curie-Weiss temperature at an oxygen deficiency delta   0.10, which corresponds to the P2(1)/n   I2/m phase transformation.	Oxygen	196-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	253-258
21078189-0	2010	Cell death by the quinoxaline dioxide DCQ in human colon cancer cells is enhanced under hypoxia and is independent of p53 and p21.	Quinoxalines	18-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
21078189-0	2010	Cell death by the quinoxaline dioxide DCQ in human colon cancer cells is enhanced under hypoxia and is independent of p53 and p21.	Decylubiquinol	38-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
22993626-7	2010	The mechanisms involved in the MCF-7 cell proliferation stimulated by zeranol-containing sera may include up-regulation of cyclin D1 and down-regulation of p53 and p21 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in the cells.	Zeranol	70-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
20878071-7	2010	Cantharidin-induced G0/G1 arrest was associated with a marked decrease in the protein expressions of cyclin E and Cdc25c but promoted the levels of p21 and p-p53.	Cantharidin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
20943401-7	2010	Mechanistic studies have shown that this quinoxalinyl-piperazine compound is a G2/M-specific cell cycle inhibitor and inhibits anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein with p21 induction.	quinoxalinyl-piperazine	41-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
21078189-13	2010	CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our findings indicate that DCQ reduces the colony survival of HCT116 and induces apoptosis even in cells that are null for p53 or p21, which makes it a molecule of clinical significance, since many resistant colon tumors harbor mutations in p53.	Decylubiquinol	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
20878062-10	2010	Net tumor growth was predicted by EGF-R, p21 and p27 proteins in tumor tissue during indomethacin treatment (multivariate analysis).	Indomethacin	85-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
20583132-1	2010	BACKGROUND: 1-Alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)) inhibits proliferation of multiple cancer cell types including prostate cells and upregulates p21 and/or p27, while loss of Pten and PI3K/AKT activation stimulates survival and downregulates p21 and p27.	Calcitriol	12-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
21035481-3	2010	We found that salidroside considerably reversed senescence-like phenotypes in the oxidant challenged model, including alterations of morphology, cell cycle, SA-beta-gal staining, DNA damage, as well as related molecules expression such as p53, p21 and p16.	rhodioloside	14-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	244-247
20583132-1	2010	BACKGROUND: 1-Alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)) inhibits proliferation of multiple cancer cell types including prostate cells and upregulates p21 and/or p27, while loss of Pten and PI3K/AKT activation stimulates survival and downregulates p21 and p27.	Calcitriol	12-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	255-258
20659543-10	2010	Caspase-8, caspase-3, Bax, P53 and P21 mRNAs as well as proteins were increased while Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were decreased significantly by 24 h of PE treatment.	pe	149-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
20444544-0	2010	p53-Dependent p21-mediated growth arrest pre-empts and protects HCT116 cells from PUMA-mediated apoptosis induced by EGCG.	epigallocatechin gallate	117-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
20444544-3	2010	Cells expressing p53 and p21 accumulate in G1 upon treatment with EGCG.	epigallocatechin gallate	66-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
20444544-5	2010	Treatment with EGCG leads to induction of p53, p21 and PUMA in p21 wild-type, and p53 and PUMA in p21(-/-) cells.	epigallocatechin gallate	15-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
20444544-5	2010	Treatment with EGCG leads to induction of p53, p21 and PUMA in p21 wild-type, and p53 and PUMA in p21(-/-) cells.	epigallocatechin gallate	15-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
20444544-5	2010	Treatment with EGCG leads to induction of p53, p21 and PUMA in p21 wild-type, and p53 and PUMA in p21(-/-) cells.	epigallocatechin gallate	15-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
20444544-6	2010	Ablation of p53 by RNAi protects p21(-/-) cells, thus indicating a p53-dependent apoptosis by EGCG.	epigallocatechin gallate	94-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
20444544-7	2010	Furthermore, analysis of cells lacking PUMA or Bax with or without p21 but with p53 reveals that all the cells expressing p53 and p21 survived after EGCG treatment.	epigallocatechin gallate	149-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
20444544-7	2010	Furthermore, analysis of cells lacking PUMA or Bax with or without p21 but with p53 reveals that all the cells expressing p53 and p21 survived after EGCG treatment.	epigallocatechin gallate	149-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
21184665-7	2010	Our results demonstrate that glycerol guaiacolate inhibits MUC1 protein and mRNA expression levels and significantly increased p21 expression in human breast cancer cells as well as induced PARP cleavage.	Guaifenesin	29-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
20807809-3	2010	The aim of this study was to examine the expression of NER gene transcripts, p53, and p21 in melanoma cell lines treated with cisplatin compared with melanocytes.	Cisplatin	126-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
21184665-8	2010	Similarly, glycerol guaiacolate inhibited breast tumor growth in vivo as well as enhanced p21 expression and decreased breast tumor cell proliferation (ki-67 expression).	Guaifenesin	11-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
21036715-4	2010	RESULTS: Curcumin significantly caused radiation induced expression of p21 and Bax, and reduced BclXl, Mcl1 with only marginal Bcl2 modulation.	Curcumin	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
21184665-9	2010	Collectively, our results demonstrate that glycerol guaiacolate decreased MUC1 expression and enhanced cell growth inhibition by inducing p21 expression in breast cancer cells.	Guaifenesin	43-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
21059291-1	2010	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of simvastatin on the proliferation, cell cycle and expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells in vitro.	Simvastatin	41-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
20876807-7	2010	Atorvastatin-induced AMPK activation could induce p21 expression, which was also positively correlated with beclin-1 expression in CRC patients.	Atorvastatin	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
20876807-10	2010	In summary, activation of AMPK by atorvastatin enhances p21 expression and ER stress response, leading to autophagy, which promotes survival of cancer cells.	Atorvastatin	34-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
20503249-3	2010	A short-term treatment of cells with 10 mM SAA for 2 h revealed a destabilization of the lysosomes and subsequent induction of cell death, whereas 10 mM SBA triggered a remarkable production of reactive oxidative species, phosphorylation of survival kinase AKT, expression of cyclin kinase-dependent inhibitor p21, and induction of transient growth arrest.	Ascorbic Acid	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	310-313
20503249-3	2010	A short-term treatment of cells with 10 mM SAA for 2 h revealed a destabilization of the lysosomes and subsequent induction of cell death, whereas 10 mM SBA triggered a remarkable production of reactive oxidative species, phosphorylation of survival kinase AKT, expression of cyclin kinase-dependent inhibitor p21, and induction of transient growth arrest.	sba	153-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	310-313
21059291-7	2010	Simvastatin could also increase cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein expression (F = 512.133, P value less than 0.001).	Simvastatin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
21059291-8	2010	CONCLUSION: Simvastatin can inhibit the growth of HepG2 cells in vitro, which may be explained by its effects of enhancing cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein expression and arresting HepG2 cells at G0/G1 phase of cell cycle.	Simvastatin	12-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
20732856-4	2010	We observed an increased risk of cervical cancer associated with the p53 Arg/Arg (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.11-4.54) or p21 Ser/Ser (OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.04-4.19) genotype, compared with the p53 Pro/Pro or p21 Arg/Arg genotype, respectively.	Serine	118-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
20799737-2	2010	The [Pt{(+/-)-Me(2)dab}(9-EtG)(2)](NO(3))(2) (Me(2)dab = N,N"-dimethyl-2,3-diaminobutane, 9-EtG = 9-ethyl-guanine) complex crystallizes in the P2(1)/n space group, and the crystal contains a racemic mixture of complex molecules.	Platinum	5-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-148
20562916-5	2010	Inhibiting DUSP26 expression in the IMR-32 neuroblastoma cell line enhanced doxorubicin-induced p53 phosphorylation at Ser20 and Ser37, p21, Puma, Bax expression as well as apoptosis.	Doxorubicin	76-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
20562916-6	2010	In contrast, DUSP26 overexpression in the SK-N-SH cell line inhibited doxorubicin-induced p53 phosphorylation at Ser20 and Ser37, p21, Puma, Bax expression and apoptosis.	Doxorubicin	70-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
20732856-5	2010	In additional, interaction between these p53 and p21 polymorphisms increased the risk of cervical cancer in a multiplicative manner, with the OR being 3.96 (95% CI, 1.51-10.41) for subjects carrying both p53 Arg/Arg and p21 Ser/Ser genotypes.	Arginine	208-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
20732856-5	2010	In additional, interaction between these p53 and p21 polymorphisms increased the risk of cervical cancer in a multiplicative manner, with the OR being 3.96 (95% CI, 1.51-10.41) for subjects carrying both p53 Arg/Arg and p21 Ser/Ser genotypes.	Arginine	208-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
20732856-5	2010	In additional, interaction between these p53 and p21 polymorphisms increased the risk of cervical cancer in a multiplicative manner, with the OR being 3.96 (95% CI, 1.51-10.41) for subjects carrying both p53 Arg/Arg and p21 Ser/Ser genotypes.	Arginine	212-215	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
20732856-5	2010	In additional, interaction between these p53 and p21 polymorphisms increased the risk of cervical cancer in a multiplicative manner, with the OR being 3.96 (95% CI, 1.51-10.41) for subjects carrying both p53 Arg/Arg and p21 Ser/Ser genotypes.	Arginine	212-215	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
20732856-5	2010	In additional, interaction between these p53 and p21 polymorphisms increased the risk of cervical cancer in a multiplicative manner, with the OR being 3.96 (95% CI, 1.51-10.41) for subjects carrying both p53 Arg/Arg and p21 Ser/Ser genotypes.	Serine	224-227	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
20732856-5	2010	In additional, interaction between these p53 and p21 polymorphisms increased the risk of cervical cancer in a multiplicative manner, with the OR being 3.96 (95% CI, 1.51-10.41) for subjects carrying both p53 Arg/Arg and p21 Ser/Ser genotypes.	Serine	224-227	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
20732856-5	2010	In additional, interaction between these p53 and p21 polymorphisms increased the risk of cervical cancer in a multiplicative manner, with the OR being 3.96 (95% CI, 1.51-10.41) for subjects carrying both p53 Arg/Arg and p21 Ser/Ser genotypes.	Serine	228-231	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
20732856-5	2010	In additional, interaction between these p53 and p21 polymorphisms increased the risk of cervical cancer in a multiplicative manner, with the OR being 3.96 (95% CI, 1.51-10.41) for subjects carrying both p53 Arg/Arg and p21 Ser/Ser genotypes.	Serine	228-231	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
20682400-0	2010	Chronic myeloid leukemia with a novel four-way t(6;13;9;22)(p21;q32;q34;q11.2) successfully treated with imatinib mesylate.	Imatinib Mesylate	105-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
20206442-3	2010	Lunasin caused cytotoxicity to HT-29 cells and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest with simultaneous increased in p21 expression.	LUNASINE	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
20558185-7	2010	While the benzofurylquinazolines increased the expression level of the pro-inflammatory gene IL1-alpha as well as p21 and p53 in the PC3 cell line, a phenylpyrrolocarbazole had the converse effect on p53 expression.	benzofurylquinazolines	10-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
20681654-4	2010	Notably, quercetin increased cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and up-regulated apoptosis-related proteins, such as AMPK, p53, and p21, within 48 h. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that quercetin treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume over 6 weeks, and apoptosis-related protein induction by quercetin was significantly higher in the 100 mg/kg treated group compared to the control group.	Quercetin	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
20681654-4	2010	Notably, quercetin increased cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and up-regulated apoptosis-related proteins, such as AMPK, p53, and p21, within 48 h. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that quercetin treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume over 6 weeks, and apoptosis-related protein induction by quercetin was significantly higher in the 100 mg/kg treated group compared to the control group.	Quercetin	194-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
20681654-4	2010	Notably, quercetin increased cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and up-regulated apoptosis-related proteins, such as AMPK, p53, and p21, within 48 h. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that quercetin treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume over 6 weeks, and apoptosis-related protein induction by quercetin was significantly higher in the 100 mg/kg treated group compared to the control group.	Quercetin	194-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
20534756-5	2010	Resveratrol also abrogated the inhibitory effects of estradiol on positive growth regulators (cyclin A, cyclin D, MAPK phosphorylation) and the stimulatory effects of estradiol on negative growth regulators (p21, p27).	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	208-211
20664969-7	2010	Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that oridonin treatment increased expression levels of p-JNK, p-p38, p-p53 and p21, elevated the level of cyclin B1/p-Cdc2 (Tyr15) complex, and inhibited the expression of p-ERK.	oridonin	38-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
19450997-7	2010	p21 Expression decreased basal caspase-3 expression compared with the untreated group, and reversed camptothecin-induced caspase-3 activity compared with camptothecin alone group.	Camptothecin	100-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
19450997-7	2010	p21 Expression decreased basal caspase-3 expression compared with the untreated group, and reversed camptothecin-induced caspase-3 activity compared with camptothecin alone group.	Camptothecin	154-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
20682800-7	2010	CP-31398 inhibited proliferation in a manner associated with co-induction of SOX9 and p21.	CP 31398	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
20596601-10	2010	In the core signaling pathways of glioblastoma, curcumin either significantly influences the p53 pathway by enhancing p53 and p21 and suppressing cdc2 or significantly inhibits the RB pathway by enhancing CDKN2A/p16 and suppressing phosphorylated RB.	Curcumin	48-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
20682078-0	2010	Up-regulation of p21 and TNF-alpha is mediated in lycorine-induced death of HL-60 cells.	lycorine	50-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
20682078-8	2010	RESULTS: When HL-60 cells were treated with different concentration of lycorine, the expression of p21 and TNF-alpha was up-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner as shown by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.	lycorine	71-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
20682078-9	2010	Lycorine also down-regulated p21-related gene expression, including Cdc2, Cyclin B, Cdk2 and Cyclin E, promoted Bid truncation, decreased IkappaB phosphorylation and blocked NF-kappaB nuclear import.	lycorine	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
20682078-11	2010	CONCLUSIONS: The TNF-alpha signal transduction pathway and p21-mediated cell-cycle inhibition were involved in the apoptosis of HL-60 cells induced by lycorine.	lycorine	151-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
20493187-8	2010	Treatment with GA and 17-AAG led to growth arrests in G1 and S phases, increased sub-G1 hypodipoid cell population, induced apoptotic cell death, and upregulated P53 and P21 expression, although the drug-induced Bcl-2 upregulation cannot prevent cell death.	geldanamycin	15-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
20493187-8	2010	Treatment with GA and 17-AAG led to growth arrests in G1 and S phases, increased sub-G1 hypodipoid cell population, induced apoptotic cell death, and upregulated P53 and P21 expression, although the drug-induced Bcl-2 upregulation cannot prevent cell death.	tanespimycin	22-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
20647331-8	2010	The importance of the p53 pathway to PIM1-driven cellular senescence was further shown by the observation that expression of dominant-negative p53 or shRNA targeting p21 blocked the PIM1-induced changes in the DNA damage response and increases in SA-beta-Gal activity.	2-(2-quinolinyl)-1H-indene--1,3(2H)-dione-6'-sulfonic acid	247-258	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
20559153-14	2010	CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that downregulation of TS and DHFR genes and upregulation of p21, p27, Lcn-2, and nm23-H1 genes may serve as new biomarkers for predicting responsiveness to pemetrexed.	Pemetrexed	192-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
19436953-4	2010	TMPP treatment effected a reduction in both cell cycle progression signals (FoxM1, KIS, Cdc25B, Cyclin D1, Cyclin A, and Aurora-B) and tumor cell survival (p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1)), as well as induced the activation of caspase-3 and -9.	2,3,4-tribromo-3-methyl-1-phenylphospholane 1-oxide	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
20623640-4	2010	Lower protein expression levels of p16, p21/Cip1, and p27/Kip1 were detected in the ethanol-treated E40 cells.	Ethanol	84-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
20673181-5	2010	Fractions P11 and P21 were found to be polyxyloses with molecular weight-averages of 469,171 and 157,665 Da, respectively.	polyxyloses	39-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
20642839-7	2010	SFN induced the expression of p21/CIP1 and p27/KIP1, and inhibited the expression of cyclin D1.	sulforaphane	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
20371239-7	2010	Western blot analysis indicated that BTZQ may up-regulate expression of cyclin B, p21, p53 and cytochrome c, but down-regulate cdk1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, leading to apoptosis of BC-M1 cells.	btzq	37-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
20657652-4	2010	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this study, we show that DCB-3503 suppresses the expression of pro-oncogenic or pro-survival proteins with short half-lives, including cyclin D1, survivin, beta-catenin, p53, and p21, without decreasing their mRNA levels.	DCB 3503	60-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	214-217
20403647-2	2010	Complex [Ni(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2).2DMF (DMF: N,N-dimethylformamide) crystallizes in the monoclinic P2(1)/c space group while [Cu(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2) adopt monoclinic P21/c space group as X-ray single crystal data indicate.	[ni(dmbg)(2)](clo(4))	8-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-103
20453878-5	2010	We provide evidence that the antitumor effect on combination treatment is achieved by VPA-induced reactivation of p21, which is downregulated in aRMS cells by destabilization of the transcriptional regulator EGR1 by PAX3/FKHR.	Valproic Acid	86-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
20521794-5	2010	The trigonal prismatic cluster compound W(6)CCl(15) (P2(1)/c, Z = 4; a = 9.8830(4) A, b = 11.8945(4) A, c = 17.8670(7) A, beta = 107.883(2) degrees) is related to the already known compound W(6)CCl(16).	Cefaclor	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-60
20661724-5	2010	The cisplatin treatment significantly down-regulated the p53 and p21 expression level, while up-regulated the p27 expression in the YCC-3/R cells compared to the parental cells.	Cisplatin	4-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
20403647-2	2010	Complex [Ni(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2).2DMF (DMF: N,N-dimethylformamide) crystallizes in the monoclinic P2(1)/c space group while [Cu(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2) adopt monoclinic P21/c space group as X-ray single crystal data indicate.	[ni(dmbg)(2)](clo(4))	8-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-171
20403647-2	2010	Complex [Ni(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2).2DMF (DMF: N,N-dimethylformamide) crystallizes in the monoclinic P2(1)/c space group while [Cu(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2) adopt monoclinic P21/c space group as X-ray single crystal data indicate.	2dmf	33-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-103
20403647-2	2010	Complex [Ni(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2).2DMF (DMF: N,N-dimethylformamide) crystallizes in the monoclinic P2(1)/c space group while [Cu(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2) adopt monoclinic P21/c space group as X-ray single crystal data indicate.	2dmf	33-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-171
20403647-2	2010	Complex [Ni(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2).2DMF (DMF: N,N-dimethylformamide) crystallizes in the monoclinic P2(1)/c space group while [Cu(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2) adopt monoclinic P21/c space group as X-ray single crystal data indicate.	Dimethylformamide	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-103
20403647-2	2010	Complex [Ni(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2).2DMF (DMF: N,N-dimethylformamide) crystallizes in the monoclinic P2(1)/c space group while [Cu(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2) adopt monoclinic P21/c space group as X-ray single crystal data indicate.	Dimethylformamide	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-171
20403647-2	2010	Complex [Ni(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2).2DMF (DMF: N,N-dimethylformamide) crystallizes in the monoclinic P2(1)/c space group while [Cu(DMBG)(2)](ClO(4))(2) adopt monoclinic P21/c space group as X-ray single crystal data indicate.	Dimethylformamide	44-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-103
20514393-3	2010	Ceramide induced a selective arrest of MCF-7 cells in the G1-phase, which was associated with a decreased expression of cyclins D and E and increased expression of p53 and p21.	Ceramides	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
20397022-9	2010	Cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27 are induced in the three cell lines by bortezomib and the combination treatment.	Bortezomib	73-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
20514393-6	2010	The increased sensitivity to ceramide, in the context of p53 inhibition, may be due to decreased expression of p21, as siRNA targeted to p21 also sensitized MCF-7 cells to ceramide-induced death.	Ceramides	29-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
20514393-6	2010	The increased sensitivity to ceramide, in the context of p53 inhibition, may be due to decreased expression of p21, as siRNA targeted to p21 also sensitized MCF-7 cells to ceramide-induced death.	Ceramides	29-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
20493172-5	2010	delta-T3-induced cell cycle arrest and proapoptotic gene/protein expression (e.g., p21, p27, and caspases) were abrogated by alpha-Toc.	delta-t3	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
20304059-4	2010	In TDEC, calcitriol induces G(0)/G(1) arrest, modulates p27 and p21, and induces apoptotic cell death and decreases P-Erk and P-Akt.	Calcitriol	9-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
20375080-5	2010	In arsenite-exposed cells, the levels of phospho-p53, p21, and mdm2 increase at early times after exposure.	arsenite	3-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
20501850-8	2010	In a phase I clinical trial of CDDO (RTA-401) in leukemia, CDDO induced an increase in PPARgamma mRNA expression in six of nine patient samples; of those, induction of differentiation was documented in four patients and that of p21 in three patients, all expressing DRIP205 protein.	2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid	31-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
21188109-2	2010	Temsirolimus (also known as CCI-779), a dihydroester of rapamycin, in MCL cell lines inhibited mTOR, downregulated p21 and v-Raf, and induced autophagy.	temsirolimus	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
21188109-2	2010	Temsirolimus (also known as CCI-779), a dihydroester of rapamycin, in MCL cell lines inhibited mTOR, downregulated p21 and v-Raf, and induced autophagy.	CCI	28-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
20501850-8	2010	In a phase I clinical trial of CDDO (RTA-401) in leukemia, CDDO induced an increase in PPARgamma mRNA expression in six of nine patient samples; of those, induction of differentiation was documented in four patients and that of p21 in three patients, all expressing DRIP205 protein.	2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid	59-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
21346872-3	2010	In the present insilico study, the inhibitory effect of different flavonoid compounds on mutant H Ras protein p21 has been assessed.	Flavonoids	66-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
20587334-6	2010	Transient transfection assays indicated that overexpression of LBH or alphaB-crystallin reduced the transcriptional activities of p53 and p21, respectively, Overexpression of both alphaB-crystallin and LBH together resulted in a stronger repression of the transcriptional activities of p21 and p53.	alphab-crystallin	180-197	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
21346872-7	2010	Our study demonstrates that flavonoids (particularly Naringenin, Daidzein, and Hesperetin) are the effective drugs to inhibit function of mutant H-Ras P21 protein, which in turn arrests the process of cell growth and proliferation of the cancer cell.	Flavonoids	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
21346872-7	2010	Our study demonstrates that flavonoids (particularly Naringenin, Daidzein, and Hesperetin) are the effective drugs to inhibit function of mutant H-Ras P21 protein, which in turn arrests the process of cell growth and proliferation of the cancer cell.	naringenin	53-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
21346872-7	2010	Our study demonstrates that flavonoids (particularly Naringenin, Daidzein, and Hesperetin) are the effective drugs to inhibit function of mutant H-Ras P21 protein, which in turn arrests the process of cell growth and proliferation of the cancer cell.	daidzein	65-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
21346872-7	2010	Our study demonstrates that flavonoids (particularly Naringenin, Daidzein, and Hesperetin) are the effective drugs to inhibit function of mutant H-Ras P21 protein, which in turn arrests the process of cell growth and proliferation of the cancer cell.	hesperetin	79-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
19609669-7	2010	The additive effect of elesclomol on chemotherapy drug-induced apoptosis was associated with increases in cleaved caspase-3, p21(Cip1), and p27(Kip1) and decreases in the Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein levels and NF-kappaB activity.	elesclomol	23-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
20171194-5	2010	Inhibition of p38 using SB202190 or SB203580 inhibited BEL-induced increases in P-p53 (ser15), p53 and p21, and altered the number of cells in G1 in LNCaP cells, and S-phase in PC-3 cells.	SB 203580	36-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
20587334-0	2010	Synergistic efficacy of LBH and alphaB-crystallin through inhibiting transcriptional activities of p53 and p21.	alphab-crystallin	32-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
20587334-6	2010	Transient transfection assays indicated that overexpression of LBH or alphaB-crystallin reduced the transcriptional activities of p53 and p21, respectively, Overexpression of both alphaB-crystallin and LBH together resulted in a stronger repression of the transcriptional activities of p21 and p53.	alphab-crystallin	70-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
20587334-6	2010	Transient transfection assays indicated that overexpression of LBH or alphaB-crystallin reduced the transcriptional activities of p53 and p21, respectively, Overexpression of both alphaB-crystallin and LBH together resulted in a stronger repression of the transcriptional activities of p21 and p53.	alphab-crystallin	70-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	286-289
20042273-0	2010	p21(Cip1) confers resistance to imatinib in human chronic myeloid leukemia cells.	Imatinib Mesylate	32-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
20042273-3	2010	We describe that imatinib down-regulates p21(Cip1) expression in CML cells.	Imatinib Mesylate	17-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
20587334-6	2010	Transient transfection assays indicated that overexpression of LBH or alphaB-crystallin reduced the transcriptional activities of p53 and p21, respectively, Overexpression of both alphaB-crystallin and LBH together resulted in a stronger repression of the transcriptional activities of p21 and p53.	alphab-crystallin	180-197	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	286-289
20042273-4	2010	Using K562 cells with inducible p21 expression and transient transfections we found that p21 confers partial resistance to imatinib-induced apoptosis.	Imatinib Mesylate	123-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
20042273-4	2010	Using K562 cells with inducible p21 expression and transient transfections we found that p21 confers partial resistance to imatinib-induced apoptosis.	Imatinib Mesylate	123-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
20587334-7	2010	These results showed that the interaction of LBH and alphaB-crystallin may inhibit synergistically the transcriptional regulation of p53 and p21.	alphab-crystallin	53-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
20042273-6	2010	The results suggest an involvement of p21(Cip1) in the response to imatinib in CML.	Imatinib Mesylate	67-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
20404564-0	2010	The effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin (FK228) are enhanced by aspirin (ASA) in COX-1 positive ovarian cancer cells through augmentation of p21.	romidepsin	61-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
20235278-6	2010	Treatment Ki67p-GFP expressing HT1080 cells with mitomycin C, an antineoplastic agent, induces P21 and P27 expression, G(1)/S/G(2)M block and attenuates Ki67p activity.	Mitomycin	49-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
20404564-0	2010	The effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin (FK228) are enhanced by aspirin (ASA) in COX-1 positive ovarian cancer cells through augmentation of p21.	Aspirin	84-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
20404564-0	2010	The effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin (FK228) are enhanced by aspirin (ASA) in COX-1 positive ovarian cancer cells through augmentation of p21.	Aspirin	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
20404564-10	2010	Upregulation of the cell cycle control protein p21 was induced robustly by FK228 in both cell lines.	romidepsin	75-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
20404564-11	2010	In the COX-1 positive cells, p21 expression was augmented by the addition of ASA to FK228 treatment.	Aspirin	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
20456495-9	2010	Both curcuminoids induced G2/M block and inhibited keratinocyte growth, and THC increased cellular levels of p21, a known p53 transcriptional target.	tetrahydrocurcumin	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
20404564-11	2010	In the COX-1 positive cells, p21 expression was augmented by the addition of ASA to FK228 treatment.	romidepsin	84-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
20404564-12	2010	Furthermore, COX-1 siRNA attenuated the effects of combined ASA and FK228 on the levels of p21 expression and the amount of growth inhibition.	Aspirin	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
20404564-12	2010	Furthermore, COX-1 siRNA attenuated the effects of combined ASA and FK228 on the levels of p21 expression and the amount of growth inhibition.	romidepsin	68-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
20456495-10	2010	These data demonstrate that curcuminoids can differentially regulate MAP kinases to inhibit keratinocyte growth while inducing p21.	curcuminoids	28-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
20404564-13	2010	The additional increase in p21 by ASA in FK228-treated cells was not observed at the promoter or transcriptional levels.	Aspirin	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
20404564-13	2010	The additional increase in p21 by ASA in FK228-treated cells was not observed at the promoter or transcriptional levels.	romidepsin	41-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
20404564-14	2010	However, a significant delay in p21 protein degradation in the presence of ASA and FK228 in COX-1 positive cells was associated with inhibition of proteasome activity.	Aspirin	75-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
20404564-14	2010	However, a significant delay in p21 protein degradation in the presence of ASA and FK228 in COX-1 positive cells was associated with inhibition of proteasome activity.	romidepsin	83-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
20351180-6	2010	Our results thus suggest that p400 represses basal p21 gene expression through dual mechanisms that include the direct inhibition of TIP60 enzymatic activity described here and the previously described ATP-dependent positioning of H2A.Z at the promoter.	Adenosine Triphosphate	202-205	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
20429769-3	2010	Both azadirachtin and nimbolide significantly suppressed the viability of HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner by inducing cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase accompanied by p53-dependent p21 accumulation and down-regulation of the cell cycle regulatory proteins cyclin B, cyclin D1 and PCNA.	azadirachtin	5-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
20429769-3	2010	Both azadirachtin and nimbolide significantly suppressed the viability of HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner by inducing cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase accompanied by p53-dependent p21 accumulation and down-regulation of the cell cycle regulatory proteins cyclin B, cyclin D1 and PCNA.	nimbolide	22-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
20336762-7	2010	The results showed that DBDCT-mediated cell-cycle arrest might occur through the induction of p21 in a p53-dependent manner and that DBDCT induction of the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway is perhaps mediated by increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratios, which result in the loss of DeltaPsi(m), release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, activation of caspase-3 and -9, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.	dbdct	24-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
20392637-2	2010	Multiple compounds bearing an N1-piperidine demonstrate EC(50)s of 20-100 nM in human A549, HL60, and PC3 cells, in vitro and in vivo hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4, and induction of p21(waf).	n1-piperidine	30-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
20417621-8	2010	Furthermore, miR-1285 inhibits the transcription of p21, a master gene downstream of p53.	mir-1285	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
20346999-7	2010	Additionally, bolus (3h) doxorubicin incubation led to phosphorylation of p53 at serine 392, induction of p21, G2 arrest and increase of proapoptotic protein Bax.	Tritium	21-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
20346999-7	2010	Additionally, bolus (3h) doxorubicin incubation led to phosphorylation of p53 at serine 392, induction of p21, G2 arrest and increase of proapoptotic protein Bax.	Doxorubicin	25-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
20346999-9	2010	Continuous (24h) treatment with 5 microM doxorubicin resulted in cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase that was neither accompanied by phosphorylation and activation of p53 nor enhanced expression of p21.	Doxorubicin	41-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
20439741-0	2010	Small-molecule p21-activated kinase inhibitor PF-3758309 is a potent inhibitor of oncogenic signaling and tumor growth.	PF 3758309	46-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
20138958-0	2010	Iodine induces apoptosis via regulating MAPKs-related p53, p21, and Bcl-xL in thyroid cancer cells.	Iodine	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
20138958-6	2010	Iodine treatment decreased the level of mutant p53 including the R273H mutant that possesses anti-apoptotic features, but increased the p21 level.	Iodine	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
20138958-8	2010	Moreover, iodine transiently activated the subfamily members of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) (ERK1/2, p38 and JNK1/2) which contribute to modulate p53, p21 and Bcl-xL expression.	Iodine	10-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
20138958-10	2010	Collectively, iodine-induced apoptotic pathway is involved in the activation of MAPKs-related p21, Bcl-xL and mutant p53 regulation.	Iodine	14-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
20646592-5	2010	And the expressions of cell cycle protein P53, P21, CDK2 were detected by Western blot after the treatment of capsaicin.	Capsaicin	110-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
20646592-11	2010	After a 48-hour treatment with capsaicin, the expressions of P53 and P21 were up-regulated in contrary to the expression of CDK2.	Capsaicin	31-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
20646592-12	2010	CONCLUSION: Capsaicin induces the cell cycle arrest of bladder cancer RT4 cells G(0)/G(1) phase and growth inhibition via TRPV1 receptor by modulating the expression of P53, P21 and CDK2.	Capsaicin	12-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
20062073-0	2010	HSP72 depletion suppresses gammaH2AX activation by genotoxic stresses via p53/p21 signaling.	gammah2ax	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
20094798-6	2010	Imatinib did not significantly affect the nutlin-3-induced expression of p53 but abrogated that of p21.	Imatinib Mesylate	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
20094798-7	2010	Furthermore, activation of Bax as well as caspase-3 induced by combined treatment with imatinib and nutlin-3 was observed preferentially in cells expressing p21 at reduced levels.	Imatinib Mesylate	87-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
20094798-8	2010	The present study indicates that combined treatment with nutlin-3 and imatinib activates p53 without inducing p21 and synergistically activates Bax-mediated intrinsic mitochondrial pathway to induce apoptosis in BCR/ABL-expressing cells.	Imatinib Mesylate	70-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
19913353-13	2010	The p21 and p27 gene expressions increased markedly while cyclin B1 and D1 gene expression decreased markedly by treatment with marchantin A.	marchantin A	128-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
20423286-4	2010	MI-63 induced G1 phase arrest and increased p21 expression.	2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
20377184-1	2010	The standard molar enthalpies of formation and sublimation of crystalline (monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c) nicotinic acid (NA), at 298.15 K, were determined as Delta(f)H(m)(o)(NA, cr) = -344.7 +/- 1.2 kJ x mol(-1) and Delta(sub)H(m)(o)(NA) = 112.1 +/- 0.5 kJ x mol(-1) by using combustion calorimetry, drop-sublimation Calvet microcalorimetry, and the Knudsen effusion method.	Chromium	62-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-104
20371965-6	2010	Moreover, it was shown that cotreatment with MDA-LDL and BaP markedly induced the expression of human cytochrome P4501A1 (hCYP1A1) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and significantly induced the expressions of p53 and p21 mRNAs.	mda-ldl	45-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	218-221
20371965-6	2010	Moreover, it was shown that cotreatment with MDA-LDL and BaP markedly induced the expression of human cytochrome P4501A1 (hCYP1A1) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and significantly induced the expressions of p53 and p21 mRNAs.	Benzo(a)pyrene	57-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	218-221
20424123-10	2010	In contrast, doxorubicin or nutlin-3 treatment-both leading to p53-p21 activation-or CDK2 inhibition had no effect on SKP2 regulation in MYCN-amplified cells.	nutlin	28-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
20082627-9	2010	In addition, HL-60 cells were arrested in the G(0)/G(1) phase via the induction of p53/p21 by pipoxolan.	pipoxolan	94-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
20931760-9	2010	The molecular senescence marker P21 increased significantly after boningmycin treatment at a dosage of 0.1 micromol x L(-1), whereas a higher concentration of it induced apoptosis.	boningmycin	66-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
20160501-7	2010	This inhibitory effect was not dependent on the status of p53 and p21 although GDP366 potently increased p53 and p21 levels.	GDP 366	79-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
20110807-2	2010	Cucurbitacin E at low concentrations (3-50 nmol/l) inhibited the growth of HL-60 cells, which was associated with G2/M cell-cycle arrest, decrease in the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase1, and increase in the levels of p21.	cucurbitacin E	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
19882681-6	2010	Expression of BRCA-1, p53, p21(WAF), and c-myc was increased by estradiol stimulation and subsequently decreased by melatonin treatment in both cell lines, except for p53 expression in the transfected cell line, thereby proving the antiestrogenic effect of melatonin at molecular level.	Estradiol	64-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
20100536-8	2010	Moreover, immunoblot analysis indicated that the co-activation of pro-apoptotic factors Bax and p21 were observed in the p73 alpha infected cells after cisplatin treatment.	Cisplatin	152-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
20450546-6	2010	The expression of p21 protein was significantly up-regulated and the expression of phosphorylation ERK was significantly down-regulated after A549 cells were treated with TSA.	trichostatin A	171-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
20088798-5	2010	Mechanistically, lenalidomide plus dexamethasone synergistically induced expression of the tumor suppressor genes Egr1, Egr2, Egr3, p15, p21, and p27 in MM cell lines and MM patient cells.	Lenalidomide	17-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
20022955-4	2010	In a promoter-specific context, inhibition of H3R17 methylation represses expression of p21, a p53-responsive gene, thus implicating a possible role for H3 Arg-17 methylation in tumor suppressor function.	Arginine	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
20450732-10	2010	Cells pretreated with higher concentrations of vitexicarpin expressed less c-Myc and Bcl-2 in Hs578T cells.In contrast, p21 decreased when cells were treated with the same conditions.	casticin	47-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
20450732-11	2010	When c-Myc transient transfection was performed in vitexicarpin-treated cells, the effect of p21 and Bcl-2 disappeared.	casticin	51-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
20088798-5	2010	Mechanistically, lenalidomide plus dexamethasone synergistically induced expression of the tumor suppressor genes Egr1, Egr2, Egr3, p15, p21, and p27 in MM cell lines and MM patient cells.	Dexamethasone	35-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
20122271-8	2010	Down-regulation of COX-2, EGFR, p-EGFR and up-regulation of p21 and p27 were found in Ist-Mes-2, after treatment with single agents and in combination.	2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
21787594-7	2010	Taken together, these data suggested that cell injuries were triggered by the generation of oxidative stress; p53 and p21 mediated G1 phase arrest is a potential mechanistic pathway of silica nanoparticles induced damage in H9c2(2-1) cells.	Silicon Dioxide	185-191	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
20086099-8	2010	It has been known that p21 is required for a proper tamoxifen response in breast cancer.	Tamoxifen	52-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
20086099-9	2010	We show that the overexpression of 14-3-3tau inhibits tamoxifen-induced p21 induction and growth arrest in MCF7 cells.	Tamoxifen	54-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
20383943-7	2010	Besides, the NFkappaB pathway was not involved in bortezomib treatment in neuroblastoma CHP126 cells, bortezomib-driven apoptotic events were associated with promoting p21 and Bax expression and down-regulating Bcl-2 expression.	Bortezomib	102-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
19908243-4	2010	In mechanistic studies, silibinin (50-75 microM) modulated the protein levels of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) (4, 6, and 2), cyclins (D1, D3, and E), CDKIs (p18/INK4C, p21/Cip1, and p27/Kip1) in a differential manner in these three cell lines.	Silybin	24-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
20067818-6	2010	Treatment of cells with the p38 inhibitor SB202190, but not the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059, partially reversed BrO(3)(-)-induced G2/M arrest and decreased BrO(3)(-)-induced p-p53, p21 and cyclin B1 expression.	4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole	42-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
20067818-8	2010	The antioxidant ascorbic acid inhibited BrO(3)(-)-induced p38 activation, G2/M arrest, p-p53, p21 and cyclin B1 expression; however, ascorbic acid had no effect on BrO(3)(-)-induced formation of 8-OHdG, a marker of DNA oxidative damage, whose increases preceded cell death by 24h.	Ascorbic Acid	16-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
20067818-8	2010	The antioxidant ascorbic acid inhibited BrO(3)(-)-induced p38 activation, G2/M arrest, p-p53, p21 and cyclin B1 expression; however, ascorbic acid had no effect on BrO(3)(-)-induced formation of 8-OHdG, a marker of DNA oxidative damage, whose increases preceded cell death by 24h.	bro(3)(-)	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
19895793-6	2010	Cell cycle regulatory gene analysis showed increased protein levels of cyclin A, cyclin B, Chk2, Cdk2, and P27 in hepatoma cells after time courses of emodin treatment, and Western blot analysis showed decreased protein levels of Cdc25c and P21.	Emodin	151-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	241-244
19788889-8	2010	Finally, p21 deletion also sensitized HCT116 cells to the Nutlin-3-induced DNA damage response, suggesting that cell cycle checkpoint abnormalities may promote this response.	nutlin 3	58-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
20028382-5	2010	Treatment with resveratrol led to G(1) phase cell cycle arrest in T24 cells by activation of p21 and downregulation of cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4, and phosphorylated Rb.	Resveratrol	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
19621385-12	2010	The combination of Ki23057 and 5-FU decreased DPD expression and increased apoptosis rates and p21 expression level of SGC cells.	Ki23057	19-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
19621385-12	2010	The combination of Ki23057 and 5-FU decreased DPD expression and increased apoptosis rates and p21 expression level of SGC cells.	Fluorouracil	31-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
19583730-5	2010	Finally, the effect of p21 knockdown in the susceptibility to doxorubicin was examined with RT112 stable transfectants with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of p21.	Doxorubicin	62-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
19583730-8	2010	The combined treatment with dicoumarol suppressed p53/p21 induction by doxorubicin and resulted in sequential p38 MAPK activation, myeloid cell leukaemia 1 suppression and caspase cleavage.	Dicumarol	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
19583730-8	2010	The combined treatment with dicoumarol suppressed p53/p21 induction by doxorubicin and resulted in sequential p38 MAPK activation, myeloid cell leukaemia 1 suppression and caspase cleavage.	Doxorubicin	71-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
19583730-9	2010	The synergistic effect of doxorubicin/dicoumarol was suppressed by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 and, furthermore, p21 knockdown with shRNA transfection made RT112 cells six times more susceptible to doxorubicin with p38 MAPK activation.	Doxorubicin	26-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
19583730-9	2010	The synergistic effect of doxorubicin/dicoumarol was suppressed by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 and, furthermore, p21 knockdown with shRNA transfection made RT112 cells six times more susceptible to doxorubicin with p38 MAPK activation.	Doxorubicin	202-213	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
19583730-10	2010	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that concomitant use of dicoumarol could enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in urothelial cancer cells with wt-p53 through the p53/p21/p38 MAPK pathways.	Dicumarol	58-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
19583730-10	2010	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that concomitant use of dicoumarol could enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in urothelial cancer cells with wt-p53 through the p53/p21/p38 MAPK pathways.	Doxorubicin	103-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
19922491-10	2010	In addition, 2HBZ caused a marked increase in p21, p53 and Bax protein expressions and these effects were associated with an increase in G1 and G2 arrest of the cell cycle and a reduction in S-phase.	2hbz	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
21579708-1	2010	The crystal structure of the title compound, C(16)H(13)ClO(2) (II), (space group P2(1)/c,) is a polymorph of the structure, (I), reported by Harrison, Yathirajan, Sarojini, Narayana &amp; Indira [Acta Cryst.	c(16)h(13)clo(2)	45-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-86
19828754-3	2010	In addition, HBx abolished the potential of retinoic acid (RA) to downregulate levels of G(1)-checkpoint regulators including p16, p21 and p27, resulting in activation of E2F1 in the presence of RA.	Tretinoin	44-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
19828754-3	2010	In addition, HBx abolished the potential of retinoic acid (RA) to downregulate levels of G(1)-checkpoint regulators including p16, p21 and p27, resulting in activation of E2F1 in the presence of RA.	Tretinoin	59-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
20103602-8	2010	Radiosensitization of PTEN-deficient U87MG cells by caffeine was significantly correlated with the activation of the G(1) DNA damage checkpoint that occurred independently of de novo synthesis of p53 and p21.	Caffeine	52-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
19588502-8	2010	Using Western blotting, we show that Bac-ELP1-p21 caused a decrease in Rb phosphorylation levels in cells treated at 42 degrees C. The polypeptide also induced caspase activation, PARP cleavage, and cell cycle arrest in S-phase and G2/M-phase.	Rubidium	71-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
19346318-8	2010	NNK promoted the nuclear p21, whereas troglitazone increased cytosolic p21.	Troglitazone	38-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
20574922-4	2010	Cell cycle check point proteins such as p21 and stratifin (14-3-3 sigma) increased at mRNA and protein level, whereas cell cycle progression proteins such as cell division cycle 25 homolog and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 decreased after DHA treatment.	Docosahexaenoic Acids	235-238	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-71
19329556-0	2010	Diesel particle-induced transcriptional expression of p21 involves activation of EGFR, Src, and Stat3.	diesel	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
19475409-0	2010	Treatment of K562 cells with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induces distinct alterations in the expression of apoptosis-related genes BCL2, BAX, BCLXL, and p21.	Calcitriol	29-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
20332618-3	2010	Culturing cells in the 8 mM-Cl(-)-containing culture medium upregulated the protein expression level of p21 (a CDK inhibitor) inhibiting transition of G(1) to S phase, and diminished the incorporation of 5-ethynyl-2"-deoxyuridine (EdU; a thymidine analogue) into DNA.	5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine	204-229	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
20332618-3	2010	Culturing cells in the 8 mM-Cl(-)-containing culture medium upregulated the protein expression level of p21 (a CDK inhibitor) inhibiting transition of G(1) to S phase, and diminished the incorporation of 5-ethynyl-2"-deoxyuridine (EdU; a thymidine analogue) into DNA.	5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine	231-234	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
20332618-3	2010	Culturing cells in the 8 mM-Cl(-)-containing culture medium upregulated the protein expression level of p21 (a CDK inhibitor) inhibiting transition of G(1) to S phase, and diminished the incorporation of 5-ethynyl-2"-deoxyuridine (EdU; a thymidine analogue) into DNA.	Thymidine	238-247	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
19797611-2	2010	Treatment with 1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis(methylthio)butadiene (U0126) (an extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor) suppressed the HGF-induced expression of UGT1A1 and CYP2B6, as well as p16, p21, and p27 in HepG2 cells.	u0124	15-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
19797611-2	2010	Treatment with 1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis(methylthio)butadiene (U0126) (an extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor) suppressed the HGF-induced expression of UGT1A1 and CYP2B6, as well as p16, p21, and p27 in HepG2 cells.	U 0126	69-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
19889638-3	2010	Application of OSS (0.5 +/- 4 dynes/cm(2)) to MG63 cells induced sustained activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K (p70S6 kinase) signaling cascades and hence cell proliferation, which was accompanied by increased expression of cyclins A and D1, cyclin-dependent protein kinases-2, -4, and -6, and bone formation-related genes (c-fos, Egr-1, and Cox-2) and decreased expression of p21(CIP1) and p27(KIP1).	OSS	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	408-411
19608275-7	2010	The enhanced cytotoxicity of ATO+bortezomib was associated with augmented STAT3 inhibition and JNK activation, up-regulation of Bim, p21, p27, p53 as well as down-regulation of Bcl-2.	ato	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
19608275-7	2010	The enhanced cytotoxicity of ATO+bortezomib was associated with augmented STAT3 inhibition and JNK activation, up-regulation of Bim, p21, p27, p53 as well as down-regulation of Bcl-2.	Bortezomib	33-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
19157829-6	2010	Lycopene prevented the arrest in G0/G1 phase of cell cycle induced by the oxysterol and counteracted the increased expression of p53 and p21.	Lycopene	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
20041160-5	2009	MiR-24 over expression in cells with wt-p53 upregulated TP53 and p21 protein; however, in p53-null cells miR-24 still induced cell cycle arrest without the involvement of p21.	mir-24	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
20524403-6	2010	Also, homozygous carriers of the p21 Ser allele showed a substantially increased risk of developing cervical adenocarcinoma (OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.13-3.79) compared to genotypes containing the Arg allele.	Serine	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
20524403-6	2010	Also, homozygous carriers of the p21 Ser allele showed a substantially increased risk of developing cervical adenocarcinoma (OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.13-3.79) compared to genotypes containing the Arg allele.	Arginine	189-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
20524403-7	2010	In addition, the combination of the Pro allele containing genotypes of p53 and the Ser homozygous genotype of p21 posed a remarkably increased risk (OR 5.22; 95% CI 2.24-12.16), although the interaction of the two genes could not be found.	Serine	83-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
20349730-8	2010	Western blot showed cryptotanshinone decreased expressions of HPV E6 and increased expressions of p53 and p21 proteins.	cryptotanshinone	20-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
20211058-8	2010	The results of flow cytometry showed that: after SW480 cells were treated with 0, 20, 40, 80 microg/ml genistein for 48 h, the FI values of PCNA were 1.49 +/- 0.02, 1.28 +/- 0.04, 1.14 +/- 0.03, and 0.93 +/- 0.08; the FI values of VEGF were 1.75 +/- 0.02, 1.34 +/- 0.06, 1.32 +/- 0.04, and 1.23 +/- 0.04; the fluorescence index (FI) values of p21 were 1.26 +/- 0.05, 1.36 +/- 0.06, 1.61 +/- 0.03, and 1.73 +/- 0.03, respectively.	Genistein	103-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	343-346
20095972-5	2009	Specific PAHAs (polyaminohydroxamic acids) and PABAs (polyaminobenzamides) polyamine analogues have demonstrated potent inhibition of the HDACs, re-expression of p21 and significant inhibition of tumour growth.	pahas	9-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
19947935-5	2009	Furthermore, adenosine was found to modulate the expression of some important proteins in the cell cycle, such as cyclin B and p21, and to inhibit the transition of metaphase to anaphase in mitosis.	Adenosine	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
19812222-6	2009	Based on the similarity of SFN metabolites and other phytochemicals to known HDAC inhibitors, we previously demonstrated that sulforaphane acted as an HDAC inhibitor in the prostate, causing enhanced histone acetylation, derepression of P21 and Bax, and induction of cell cycle arrest/apoptosis, leading to cancer prevention.	sulforaphane	126-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	237-240
19602434-8	2009	Moreover, upon sodium selenite treatment, there was a tendency for cells to accumulate at G2 phase which was accompanied by the increasing expression of cyclin B1, Cdc2 p34, p21 and the sub G1 fraction of the cell cycle.	Sodium Selenite	15-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
20095972-5	2009	Specific PAHAs (polyaminohydroxamic acids) and PABAs (polyaminobenzamides) polyamine analogues have demonstrated potent inhibition of the HDACs, re-expression of p21 and significant inhibition of tumour growth.	Polyamines	75-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
19735649-7	2009	Release of G2/M arrest by caffeine was accompanied by a decrease in the levels of p53/p21; however, gamma-H2AX levels were unchanged.	Caffeine	26-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
19862782-6	2009	The high-temperature solid phases of even carboxylic acids are all P2(1)/c with Z=4, the molecules are united into dimers via strong hydrogen bonds.	Carboxylic Acids	42-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-72
19544329-3	2009	It caused oxidative stress by early generation of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species that robustly up regulated time-dependent expression of p53/p21/PUMA while conversely abrogating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathways in parallel.	Nitric Oxide	50-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
19544329-3	2009	It caused oxidative stress by early generation of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species that robustly up regulated time-dependent expression of p53/p21/PUMA while conversely abrogating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathways in parallel.	Reactive Oxygen Species	67-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
20095972-5	2009	Specific PAHAs (polyaminohydroxamic acids) and PABAs (polyaminobenzamides) polyamine analogues have demonstrated potent inhibition of the HDACs, re-expression of p21 and significant inhibition of tumour growth.	polyaminohydroxamic acids	16-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
20095972-5	2009	Specific PAHAs (polyaminohydroxamic acids) and PABAs (polyaminobenzamides) polyamine analogues have demonstrated potent inhibition of the HDACs, re-expression of p21 and significant inhibition of tumour growth.	pabas	47-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
20095972-5	2009	Specific PAHAs (polyaminohydroxamic acids) and PABAs (polyaminobenzamides) polyamine analogues have demonstrated potent inhibition of the HDACs, re-expression of p21 and significant inhibition of tumour growth.	polyaminobenzamides	54-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
19693773-0	2009	Involvement of the JNK activation in terbinafine-induced p21 up-regulation and DNA synthesis inhibition in human vascular endothelial cells.	Terbinafine	37-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
19752719-5	2009	Simultaneous exposure to lapatinib and caelyx in SkBr3 cell line produced an additive cytotoxic effect with dephosphorylation of HER2 and EGFR, an upregulation of p21, and an induction of apoptosis through dephosphorylation of BAD and caspase cleavage.	Lapatinib	25-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
19752719-5	2009	Simultaneous exposure to lapatinib and caelyx in SkBr3 cell line produced an additive cytotoxic effect with dephosphorylation of HER2 and EGFR, an upregulation of p21, and an induction of apoptosis through dephosphorylation of BAD and caspase cleavage.	liposomal doxorubicin	39-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
19693773-7	2009	Taken together, our results suggest that JNK activation is involved in the TB-induced inhibition of ERK phosphorylation, p53 and p21 up-regulation and DNA synthesis inhibition in HUVEC.	Terbinafine	75-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
19693773-1	2009	Previously, we demonstrated that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-mediated pathway contributes to the terbinafine (TB)-induced increases of p21 and p53 protein level as well as decrease of DNA synthesis in human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVEC).	Terbinafine	117-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
19693773-1	2009	Previously, we demonstrated that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-mediated pathway contributes to the terbinafine (TB)-induced increases of p21 and p53 protein level as well as decrease of DNA synthesis in human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVEC).	Terbinafine	130-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
19693773-2	2009	The aim of this study is to examine the involvement of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) in the TB-induced increase of p21 protein level and DNA synthesis inhibition.	Terbinafine	94-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
19693773-4	2009	Transfection of HUVEC with JNK1 dominant negative (DN-JNK1) prevented the TB-induced increases of p21 and p53 protein level and decrease of DNA synthesis, suggesting that JNK1/2 activation is involved in the TB-induced cell cycle arrest in HUVEC.	Terbinafine	74-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
19620837-6	2009	We show that gefitinib reduces p-Akt levels, concomitant with elevation of p21 levels and suppression of cdk2/4 and cyclinE/D1 activities, which result in impaired cell cycle progression through G1 arrest only in parental PC-9 cells, in which it inhibits growth.	Gefitinib	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
21160963-4	2009	In both the BilIN and IPNB series, the expression of p21, p53, and cyclin D1 was upregulated with histological progression.	Bile Pigments	12-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
21160963-4	2009	In both the BilIN and IPNB series, the expression of p21, p53, and cyclin D1 was upregulated with histological progression.	ipnb	22-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
19233506-0	2009	Decitabine, differently from DNMT1 silencing, exerts its antiproliferative activity through p21 upregulation in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cells.	Decitabine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
19233506-7	2009	Interestingly, both strategies substantially decrease cell survival of MPM cells but the antitumor activity of Decitabine, differently from DNMT1 silencing, is mediated, at least in part, by a p53-independent p21 upregulation, and is characterized by the arrest of MPM cells at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle.	Decitabine	111-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
19806015-0	2009	Nrf2 and p21 regulate the fine balance between life and death by controlling ROS levels.	ros	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
19669889-4	2009	Our results showed that EGCG treatment caused cell proliferation inhibition during I/R injury, and this effect was associated with increased p27 and p21 levels and reduced cyclin D1 level.	epigallocatechin gallate	24-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
19620837-7	2009	Our present data suggested that after long-term exposure to gefitinib, the survival of PC-9-ZD cells with heightened levels of p-Akt and reduced levels of p21 resisted further gefitinib-induced inhibition of cell growth.	Gefitinib	60-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
19620837-7	2009	Our present data suggested that after long-term exposure to gefitinib, the survival of PC-9-ZD cells with heightened levels of p-Akt and reduced levels of p21 resisted further gefitinib-induced inhibition of cell growth.	Gefitinib	176-185	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
19620837-9	2009	TNF-alpha treatment induced an elevated activated NFkappaB/p65, concomitant with induced p21 levels, which resulted in increased sensitivity to gefitinib in PC-9-ZD cells.	Gefitinib	144-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
19620837-10	2009	Consistent with our earlier observation that p21 is induced in an NFkappaB/p65-dependent manner, we conclude that p21 plays an important role in mediating cell growth inhibition by gefitinib.	Gefitinib	181-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
19846942-5	2009	Doxycycline consistently activated transcription of p53, p21 and Fas/FasL-cascade-related genes, while reducing the expression of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1.	Doxycycline	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
19620837-10	2009	Consistent with our earlier observation that p21 is induced in an NFkappaB/p65-dependent manner, we conclude that p21 plays an important role in mediating cell growth inhibition by gefitinib.	Gefitinib	181-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
19724892-6	2009	In HL-60 cells 50% proliferation inhibition was achieved by 1.7 microg dichloromethane extract/ml medium and correlated with the activation of Chk2, down-regulation of Cdc25A, suppression of cyclin D1 level, and transient induction of p21.	Methylene Chloride	71-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	235-238
19478553-4	2009	Treatment of synchronized leukemia cells with varying concentrations of SP600125 results in significant G2/M cell cycle arrest with elevated p21 levels, phosphorylation of histone H3 within 24 h, and endoreduplication with elevated Cdk2 protein levels after 48 h. SP600125 also induces significant abnormal microtubule dynamics in vivo.	pyrazolanthrone	72-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
19840446-0	2009	[Effect of tetrandrine combined with daunorubicin on expressions of P21 and P-gp in K562/A02 cells].	tetrandrine	11-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
19840446-0	2009	[Effect of tetrandrine combined with daunorubicin on expressions of P21 and P-gp in K562/A02 cells].	Daunorubicin	37-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
19840446-1	2009	This study was aimed to investigate the reversal effect of Tetrandrine (TET) combined with daunorubicin (DNR) on multidrug resistance (MDR) of K562/A02 cells and its relation to P21, P-gp and their genes so as to provide the new theoretic evidence for clinical use of TET.	tetrandrine	59-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
19840446-1	2009	This study was aimed to investigate the reversal effect of Tetrandrine (TET) combined with daunorubicin (DNR) on multidrug resistance (MDR) of K562/A02 cells and its relation to P21, P-gp and their genes so as to provide the new theoretic evidence for clinical use of TET.	tet	72-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
19840446-4	2009	The results showed that the expression of P21 was enhanced along with increasing of TET concentration, the expression of P-gp was reduced along with increasing of TET concentration and expression of mdr-1 gene was almost not observed in K562 cells, but the high expression of mdr-1 gene was seen in K562/A02 cells, furthermore, the expression of mdr-1 gene in K562/A02 cells increasingly was reduced along with increasing of TET concentration.	tet	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
19840446-4	2009	The results showed that the expression of P21 was enhanced along with increasing of TET concentration, the expression of P-gp was reduced along with increasing of TET concentration and expression of mdr-1 gene was almost not observed in K562 cells, but the high expression of mdr-1 gene was seen in K562/A02 cells, furthermore, the expression of mdr-1 gene in K562/A02 cells increasingly was reduced along with increasing of TET concentration.	tet	163-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
19840446-4	2009	The results showed that the expression of P21 was enhanced along with increasing of TET concentration, the expression of P-gp was reduced along with increasing of TET concentration and expression of mdr-1 gene was almost not observed in K562 cells, but the high expression of mdr-1 gene was seen in K562/A02 cells, furthermore, the expression of mdr-1 gene in K562/A02 cells increasingly was reduced along with increasing of TET concentration.	tet	163-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
19840446-5	2009	It is concluded that the TET possesses the reversal effect on multiple drug resistance of K562/A02 cells with concentration dependence, the reversal effect of TET may be related to up-regulation of P21 expression and down-regulation of P-gp and mdr-1 gene expressions in K562/A02 cells.	tet	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
19840446-5	2009	It is concluded that the TET possesses the reversal effect on multiple drug resistance of K562/A02 cells with concentration dependence, the reversal effect of TET may be related to up-regulation of P21 expression and down-regulation of P-gp and mdr-1 gene expressions in K562/A02 cells.	tet	159-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
20055131-0	2009	[Effect of p21-targeted shRNA on curcumin-induced apoptosis of human hepatoma Huh7 cells].	Curcumin	33-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	11-14
20055131-1	2009	In the present study, shRNA plasmid of pSi-p21 targeting p21 mRNA was constructed and the effect of p21 shRNA on curcumin-induced apoptosis of human hepatoma Huh7 cells was investigated.	Curcumin	113-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
20055131-1	2009	In the present study, shRNA plasmid of pSi-p21 targeting p21 mRNA was constructed and the effect of p21 shRNA on curcumin-induced apoptosis of human hepatoma Huh7 cells was investigated.	Curcumin	113-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
20055131-2	2009	The effect of curcumin on the expression of p21 mRNA and protein and the silence efficiency of pSi-p21 were detected with RT-PCR and Western blotting.	Curcumin	14-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
20055131-3	2009	The effect of pSi-p21 on curcumin-induced apoptosis of Huh7 cells was evaluated with DAPI staining.	Curcumin	25-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
20055131-4	2009	The results showed that curcumin significantly upregulated p21 mRNA and protein expression, which was knocked down by pSi-p21 of Huh7 cells.	Curcumin	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
20055131-4	2009	The results showed that curcumin significantly upregulated p21 mRNA and protein expression, which was knocked down by pSi-p21 of Huh7 cells.	Curcumin	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
20055131-5	2009	DAPI staining results showed that pSi-p21 significantly decreased curcumin-induced apoptosis of Huh7 cells.	DAPI	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
20055131-5	2009	DAPI staining results showed that pSi-p21 significantly decreased curcumin-induced apoptosis of Huh7 cells.	Curcumin	66-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
20055131-6	2009	The data suggested that curcumin induced apoptosis of Huh7 cells via upregulation of p21 expression.	Curcumin	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
19777612-10	2009	CIE arrested the cell cycle in the S phase by increasing P21 and decreasing CDK4 protein expression.	chlorimuron ethyl	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
19638619-4	2009	DZNep treatment induced p16, p21, p27, and FBXO32 while depleting cyclin E and HOXA9 levels.	3-deazaneplanocin	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
19477940-0	2009	Fibroblast growth factor 2 reactivates G1 checkpoint in SK-N-MC cells via regulation of p21, inhibitor of differentiation genes (Id1-3), and epithelium-mesenchyme transition-like events.	sk-n-mc	56-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
19450571-7	2009	We further investigated the effects of panaxydol on the expression of Id-1, Id-2, p21 and pRb by RT-PCR or immunoblotting analysis.	panaxydol	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
19450571-12	2009	Furthermore, panaxydol increased the mRNA content of p21 while reducing that of Id-1 and Id-2.	panaxydol	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
19450571-13	2009	Panaxydol also increased the protein levels of p21, pRb and the hypophosphorylated pRb in a dose-dependent manner.	panaxydol	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
19639184-3	2009	This MLH1-deficient subline selected for TSA resistance by stepwise exposures to increasing TSA concentrations exhibited failure in the accumulation of acetylated histones, in p21 induction, and in apoptosis activation.	trichostatin A	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
19553104-4	2009	At a low concentration SAHA decreases Ki-67 and cyclin A positive cells and increases p21 positive cells in the outer layer while it induces a ROS-dependent apoptosis in the central zone of the spheroid.	Vorinostat	23-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
19553104-5	2009	Coimmunostaining of p21 and apoptotic cells confirms that SAHA effects are different depending on the position of the cells within the spheroid.	Vorinostat	58-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
19706164-10	2009	Celecoxib induced G1-phase cell cycle arrest, accompanied with p21 activation in U87MG cells.	Celecoxib	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
19830854-6	2009	RESULT: The growth of RPMI 8226 cells was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with BBM(P&lt;0.05), and its IC(50) value was 3.83 microg/ml at 48 h. Both DNA ladder and FCM results showed that BBM induced apoptosis of RPMI 8226 cells with concomitant increase of activated p53, p21 and GADD45gamma mRNA.	berbamine	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	295-298
19662644-10	2009	In p53 positive Hep G2 cells, EGCG blocked the progression of cell cycle at G1 phase by inducing p53 expression and further up-regulating p21 expression.	epigallocatechin gallate	30-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
19157955-5	2009	Western blot analyses demonstrated that the expression of p21 protein was remarkably augmented and hyperacetylation of p53 was induced after SAHA treatment.	Vorinostat	141-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
19654295-10	2009	Both bax and p21, however, were required for zerumbone to stimulate TRAIL-induced apoptosis.	zerumbone	45-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
19667188-4	2009	We analyzed plasma plant sterol (PPS) levels, a surrogate measure of cholesterol absorption from the intestine, where previous studies have implicated 2p21 mutations in the ATP binding cassette subfamily G members 5 or 8 (ABCG5 or ABCG8) genes.	Sterols	25-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
19667188-4	2009	We analyzed plasma plant sterol (PPS) levels, a surrogate measure of cholesterol absorption from the intestine, where previous studies have implicated 2p21 mutations in the ATP binding cassette subfamily G members 5 or 8 (ABCG5 or ABCG8) genes.	pps	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
19661301-6	2009	Cytotoxicity in cell lines that differed in intrinsic sensitivity to bortezomib correlated with sustained inhibition of proteasome activity, survivin expression and induction of p21 expression.	Bortezomib	69-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
19672316-4	2009	Here, we report that Siomycin A and thiostrepton stabilize the expression of a variety of proteins, such as p21, Mcl-1, p53 and hdm-2 and also act as proteasome inhibitors in vitro.	siomycin A	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
19672316-4	2009	Here, we report that Siomycin A and thiostrepton stabilize the expression of a variety of proteins, such as p21, Mcl-1, p53 and hdm-2 and also act as proteasome inhibitors in vitro.	Thiostrepton	36-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
19491661-11	2009	In conclusion, YSL significantly inhibited the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 cells and its anti-tumor effects may result from the upregulation of cyclin P21 and P27, and downregulation of cyclin PCNA.	H-Tyr-Ser-Leu-OH	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
19723072-5	2009	Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis has revealed phenyl butyrate and its combinations with RA and vitamin B3 cause histone H4 acetylation in the p21 promoter regions corresponding to p53 and/or Sp1 sites.	Phenylbutyrates	52-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
19723072-5	2009	Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis has revealed phenyl butyrate and its combinations with RA and vitamin B3 cause histone H4 acetylation in the p21 promoter regions corresponding to p53 and/or Sp1 sites.	Tretinoin	94-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
19723072-5	2009	Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis has revealed phenyl butyrate and its combinations with RA and vitamin B3 cause histone H4 acetylation in the p21 promoter regions corresponding to p53 and/or Sp1 sites.	Niacinamide	101-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
19515559-4	2009	The MTT correlates with clonogenic assays and most importantly compound 10 down regulates hypoxia induces genes (HIF-1alpha, P21 and VEGF) appropriately.	monooxyethylene trimethylolpropane tristearate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
19586014-7	2009	In the second example, the room-temperature structure is determined to be K(4)Cd(3)(SO(4))(5) x 3 H(2)O, crystallizing in a monoclinic space group, P2(1)/n.	k(4)cd(3)	74-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-153
19193378-10	2009	Furthermore, mRNA expression of p21 was downregulated in a dose dependent manner, suggesting that growth inductive effects of telmisartan might be regulated by the PI3K/Akt and p21 signaling pathway.	Telmisartan	126-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
19193378-10	2009	Furthermore, mRNA expression of p21 was downregulated in a dose dependent manner, suggesting that growth inductive effects of telmisartan might be regulated by the PI3K/Akt and p21 signaling pathway.	Telmisartan	126-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
19402126-4	2009	As with other human cancer cell lines, LBH589 causes up-regulation of p21, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and cell death of human HNSCC cell lines, as measured using flow cytometry and cDNA microarrays.	Panobinostat	39-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
19220580-5	2009	Sorafenib-induced growth suppression and apoptosis were associated with inhibition of angiogenesis, down-regulation of phospho-platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta Tyr1021, phospho-eIF4E Ser209, phospho-c-Raf Ser259, c-Raf, Mcl-1, Bcl-2, Bcl-x and positive cell cycle regulators, up-regulation of apoptosis signalling kinase-1, p27 and p21.	Sorafenib	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	344-347
18657224-8	2009	In vivo, VPA significantly inhibited the growth of Caki-1 in subcutaneous xenografts, accompanied by a strong accumulation of p21 and bax in tissue specimens of VPA-treated animals.	Valproic Acid	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
19559722-6	2009	Differential expression of BRCA1, cyclin B1, pRb and p21 in U-2 OS and A549 cells indicates that resveratrol can engage various molecular mechanisms to arrest cell cycle progression.	Resveratrol	97-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
19507186-8	2009	Radiosensitization was achieved with a substantial elevation of cleaved PARP-1 in DETANONOate-HT-29-treated versus control cells, which was accompanied by elevation of p21, p27, and BAX, and a concomitant decrease in Bcl-2.	2,2'-(hydroxynitrosohydrazono)bis-ethanamine	82-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
19581590-7	2009	Here, we show that shorter-tailed Ubs, such as UBB(+1), bind to the proteasome but because they cannot be efficiently degraded, they inhibit the degradation of other Ub system"s substrates such as Myc, p21, Mdm2, and MyoD.	N-[(S)-({[(Benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}methyl)(Hydroxy)phosphoryl]-L-Leucyl-L-Valine	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
19125423-2	2009	CDODA-Me also induced p21 and p27 protein expression and downregulates cyclin D1; however, these responses were receptor-independent.	methyl 2-cyano-3,11-dioxo-18beta-olean-1,12-dien-30-oate	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
19638451-6	2009	Molecular analyses for cell cycle regulators showed that silibinin decreases the level of cyclins (D1, D3, A and B1) and cyclin-dependent kinases (1, 2, 4, and 6) and increases the level of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p21 and p27).	Silybin	57-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
19610135-10	2009	Recently, a pre-clinical study demonstrated that a less calcemic analog of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3), 19-nor-1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(2) (Paricalcitol), is effective in inhibiting tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, via upregulation of p21 and p27 tumor suppressor genes.	paricalcitol	126-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
21828487-1	2009	Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of calcium carbonate at high pressure was performed to understand the phase transition between calcite [Formula: see text] and CaCO(3)-II (P 2(1)/c).	Calcium Carbonate	38-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-180
21828487-7	2009	It can be suggested that the existence of the P 2(1)/c structure and the switching of its orientation just below the transition pressure are responsible for the change of the slope of the dP/dT curve at the boundary from negative to positive on an increase of temperature, because the switching increases entropy and results in an expansion of the stability field of calcite.	Thymidine	191-193	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-52
19497413-8	2009	Although both compounds are weakly but equally effective inhibitors of iNOS protein expression and activity, only Se-PBIT significantly enhanced the levels of p53, p38, p27 and p21 protein expression, reduced levels of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) but had no effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein levels; such molecular targets are involved in cell growth inhibition, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle regulation.	se-pbit	114-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
21828487-7	2009	It can be suggested that the existence of the P 2(1)/c structure and the switching of its orientation just below the transition pressure are responsible for the change of the slope of the dP/dT curve at the boundary from negative to positive on an increase of temperature, because the switching increases entropy and results in an expansion of the stability field of calcite.	dp	188-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-52
19440035-7	2009	Treatment of MCL cells with vorinostat or 17-DMAG was associated with the inductionof p21 and p27, as well as with depletion of c-Myc, c-RAF, AKT and CDK4.	Vorinostat	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
19440035-7	2009	Treatment of MCL cells with vorinostat or 17-DMAG was associated with the inductionof p21 and p27, as well as with depletion of c-Myc, c-RAF, AKT and CDK4.	17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin	42-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
19557639-0	2009	Function of retinoid acid receptor alpha and p21 in all-trans-retinoic acid-induced acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia apoptosis.	2-octenal	56-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
19513541-6	2009	Furthermore, p53, the tumor suppressor which transcriptionally regulates p21, was also upregulated with PI-103 treatment.	PI103	104-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
19233470-5	2009	It is shown that depsipeptide is effective at submicromolar concentrations and acts mainly by apoptosis induction, upregulation of p21 and cell cycle inhibition in G2/M.	Depsipeptides	17-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
19557639-0	2009	Function of retinoid acid receptor alpha and p21 in all-trans-retinoic acid-induced acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia apoptosis.	Tretinoin	62-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
19557639-7	2009	Consequently, it has been shown that, in RA-treated Molt3 cells, upregulation of p21 due to RA accompanies caspase 3/PARP activation which precedes the occurrence of apoptosis.	Tretinoin	41-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
19557639-7	2009	Consequently, it has been shown that, in RA-treated Molt3 cells, upregulation of p21 due to RA accompanies caspase 3/PARP activation which precedes the occurrence of apoptosis.	Tretinoin	92-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
19471117-3	2009	In human and rodent cell lines, rapamycin (an inhibitor of mTOR) dramatically decelerated loss of proliferative potential caused by ectopic p21, p16 and sodium butyrate-induced p21.	Butyric Acid	153-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
19584258-5	2009	Interactions of Nur77 with the p21 promoter in Panc1 cells treated with DIM-C-pPhOCH3 were also confirmed in chromatin immunoprecipitation assays.	DIM-C-pPhOCH3	72-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
19528459-4	2009	Moreover, activation of p53, p53-dependent expression of p21 and p21-dependent senescence were observed in sigma-KO, but not parental cells after a treatment with a low cisplatin dose.	Cisplatin	169-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
19509159-10	2009	Mixed tocopherols increased the expression of p21, p27, caspase-3, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma, and inhibited AKT and estrogen signaling in mammary tumors.	Tocopherols	6-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
19528459-4	2009	Moreover, activation of p53, p53-dependent expression of p21 and p21-dependent senescence were observed in sigma-KO, but not parental cells after a treatment with a low cisplatin dose.	Cisplatin	169-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
19528459-5	2009	CONCLUSION: A 14-3-3sigma-dependent mechanism inhibits p53 activation in parental cells treated with a low cisplatin dose, thereby blocking p21 expression that is essential for senescence and consequently conferring to the parental cells a significant degree of resistance to cisplatin.	Cisplatin	107-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
19528459-5	2009	CONCLUSION: A 14-3-3sigma-dependent mechanism inhibits p53 activation in parental cells treated with a low cisplatin dose, thereby blocking p21 expression that is essential for senescence and consequently conferring to the parental cells a significant degree of resistance to cisplatin.	Cisplatin	276-285	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
19383849-3	2009	DHE suppresses the expression of cyclin D, cyclin A, cyclin-dependent kinase 2, and cdc25A and increases the amount of p53 and p21, resulting in G(0)/G(1)-S phase arrest in MCF-7 cells.	dehydrocostus lactone	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
19505915-0	2009	Association of genetic polymorphisms, mRNA expression of p53 and p21 with chronic benzene poisoning in a chinese occupational population.	Benzene	82-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
19627195-6	2009	Exposure of young HDFs to H(2)O(2) induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, positive senescence-associated (SA) beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) staining, and elevated p53, p21, and p16 protein levels.	Hydrogen Peroxide	26-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
19627195-7	2009	However, cotreatment with dropwort or Sedum ethanol extract significantly lowered p53, p21, and p16 levels and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and attenuated the cell cycle arrest compared with H(2)O(2)-alone treatment.	Ethanol	44-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
19627195-10	2009	In conclusion, dropwort showed a potential anti-senescence activity in H(2)O(2)-treated HDFs, which might be mediated by reducing p16, p21, and p53 levels and oxidative stress.	Hydrogen Peroxide	71-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
19332559-6	2009	Phosphorylation at Thr18 enhances p53-dependent activation of not only p21 but also Lats2, two mediators of the postmitotic checkpoint.	UNII-PYZ33YLR8A	19-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
19624872-12	2009	Cleaved PARP appeared, along with an increased protein level of P21 and a decrease of survivin and CDK4 levels in U266 cells treated with MS-275.	entinostat	138-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
19289106-5	2009	Suppression of macroautophagy by bafilomycin A(1) induced G(0)/G(1) cell cycle arrest and apoptosis which were accompanied by the down-regulation of cyclin D(1) and cyclin E, the up-regulation of p21(Cip1) as well as cleavages of caspases-3, -7, -8, and -9 and PARP.	bafilomycin A	33-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	196-199
19127598-9	2009	In PCa patients ingesting isoflavones, we observed significant decreases in prostate COX-2 mRNA and increases in p21 mRNA.	Isoflavones	26-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
19127598-10	2009	There were significant correlations between COX-2 mRNA suppression, p21 mRNA stimulation and serum isoflavone levels.	Isoflavones	99-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
19177142-4	2009	Induction of cell-cycle arrest by ciglitazone is associated with changes in expression of key cell-cycle regulators such as p21, cyclin D1, and pRB hypophosphorylation.	ciglitazone	34-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
19505915-3	2009	To investigate whether benzene exposure may influence mRNA expression of p53 and p21 in benzene-exposed workers, we also chose 39 CBP workers, 38 occupationally benzene-exposure workers, and 37 nonexposure workers in the same region of China.	Benzene	88-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
19505915-3	2009	To investigate whether benzene exposure may influence mRNA expression of p53 and p21 in benzene-exposed workers, we also chose 39 CBP workers, 38 occupationally benzene-exposure workers, and 37 nonexposure workers in the same region of China.	Benzene	88-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
19550397-6	2009	Both doxorubicin- and cisplatin-resistant cells are characterized by the changes in the expression of several cell cycle regulators -- Ki-67, cyclin D1, pRb and p21).	Doxorubicin	5-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
19550397-6	2009	Both doxorubicin- and cisplatin-resistant cells are characterized by the changes in the expression of several cell cycle regulators -- Ki-67, cyclin D1, pRb and p21).	Cisplatin	22-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
19726333-10	2009	PTEN overexpression can efficiently inhibit the proliferation of HASMCs possibly through the PI3K/PKB/AKt and P21 pathways.	hasmcs	65-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
19428697-2	2009	This study demonstrates that retinoic acid (RA) improves SKPs exit from self-proliferation to neural differentiation through up-regulating of NeuroD and cell-cycle regulatory protein p21, meanwhile RA also induces p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) up-regulation and apoptosis of SKPs.	Tretinoin	29-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
19428697-2	2009	This study demonstrates that retinoic acid (RA) improves SKPs exit from self-proliferation to neural differentiation through up-regulating of NeuroD and cell-cycle regulatory protein p21, meanwhile RA also induces p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) up-regulation and apoptosis of SKPs.	Tretinoin	44-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
19951532-13	2009	The expression level of P21 was up-regulated after the NB4 cells treated with As2O3.	Arsenic Trioxide	78-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
19951532-16	2009	P21 is up-regulated after arsenic trioxide activated the JAK1 to inhibit the proliferation of NB4 cells.	Arsenic Trioxide	26-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
19323979-5	2009	Treatment of HUVEC with ATN-224 caused increased superoxide levels, phospho-ERK signalling, nuclear NRF1 expression, HO-1 expression and induction of the anti-apoptotic proteins P21, BCL2 and BCLXL.	tetrathiomolybdate	24-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
19383849-4	2009	In contrast, DHE caused S-G(2)/M arrest by increasing p21 expression and chk1 activation and inhibiting cyclin A, cyclin B, cdc25A, and cdc25C expression in MDA-MB-231 cells.	dehydrocostus lactone	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
19336515-10	2009	Further, Twist1 reduction in Adriamycin-treated cells promoted p53-dependent p21 induction and disrupted the association of p53 with Mdm2.	Doxorubicin	29-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
19475715-6	2009	In contrast, treatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) can prevent cell cycle arrest and p21 up-regulation at early hours.	Acetylcysteine	28-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
19475715-6	2009	In contrast, treatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) can prevent cell cycle arrest and p21 up-regulation at early hours.	Acetylcysteine	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
19288022-9	2009	Our results show that one molecular mechanism of curcumin inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells either through up-regulating p21 expression and then inducing apoptosis, or through up-regulating the Bax to Bcl-2 ratio and then inducing apoptosis.	Curcumin	49-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
19281788-3	2009	Treatment of AGS cells with eupatilin induced cell cycle arrest at the G(1) phase with the concomitant induction of p21(cip1), a cell cycle inhibitor.	eupatilin	28-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
19281788-9	2009	Blockade of ERK signaling by PD098059 or the dominant-negative ERK2 significantly reduced eupatilin-induced TFF1 and p21 expression as well as ZO-1 redistribution, indicating that ERK cascades may mediate eupatilin-induced AGS cell differentiation.	eupatilin	90-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
19505399-10	2009	Signaling through alpha7 and alpha3 nAChRs also significantly (p&lt;0.05) altered expression of the cell state regulators p21 and Bcl-2, respectively, suggesting that downregulation of inflammation via nAChRs includes effects on the T cell cycle progression and apoptosis.	nachrs	36-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
19288022-8	2009	Curcumin increased the protein expressions of p21 and Bax, but decreased the protein expression of p53 and Bcl-2 in MDA-MB-231 cells.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
19139269-4	2009	Exposure to capsaicin or DHC caused induction of p53, p21, and G(0)/G(1) arrest.	Capsaicin	12-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
19139269-4	2009	Exposure to capsaicin or DHC caused induction of p53, p21, and G(0)/G(1) arrest.	dihydrocapsaicin	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
19344784-5	2009	Pretreatment of host cells with P21-His(6) inhibited cell invasion by extracellular amastigotes from G and CL strains.	Histidine	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
19468318-6	2009	Pretreatment with nitric oxide (NO) scavengers inhibited apoptotic biochemical changes induced by 5 microM MG/15 mM glucose, and increased the gene expression levels of p53 and p21 involved in apoptotic signaling.	Nitric Oxide	18-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
19468318-6	2009	Pretreatment with nitric oxide (NO) scavengers inhibited apoptotic biochemical changes induced by 5 microM MG/15 mM glucose, and increased the gene expression levels of p53 and p21 involved in apoptotic signaling.	Glucose	116-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
19124833-0	2009	p21-activated kinase regulates mast cell degranulation via effects on calcium mobilization and cytoskeletal dynamics.	Calcium	70-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
19161984-0	2009	p21 functions in a post-mitotic block checkpoint in the apoptotic response to vinblastine.	Vinblastine	78-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
19276356-1	2009	p21 loss has been implicated in conferring oncogenic activity to known tumor suppressor gene KLF4 and cancer drug tamoxifen.	Tamoxifen	114-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
19161984-1	2009	We have shown previously that in KB-3 (HeLa) cells vinblastine causes downregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21 through a c-Jun regulated pathway.	Vinblastine	51-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
19161984-4	2009	Moreover, p21 null HCT116 cells were more prone to vinblastine-induced apoptosis relative to wild-type cells.	Vinblastine	51-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
19266600-8	2009	Furthermore, DHA down- regulated mRNA of bcl-2 and up-regulated p21.	Docosahexaenoic Acids	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
19161984-5	2009	The results provide support for a model whereby p21 downregulation promotes vinblastine-induced apoptosis by alleviating its protective function following mitotic arrest.	Vinblastine	76-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
19067706-13	2009	We further found that bexarotene activates p53 by phosphorylation at Ser15, which influences the binding of p53 to promoters for cell cycle arrest, induces p73 upregulation, and, in concordance, also modulates some p53/p73 downstream target genes, such as p21, Bax, survivin and cdc2.	Bexarotene	22-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	256-259
19245907-9	2009	Importantly, TTY inhibited carcinoid cellular growth and induced the cell-cycle inhibitors p21 and p27.	tautomycin	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
18949013-8	2009	After treatment with TSA, expression of the cell cycle kinase inhibitor p21 was upregulated and the cell cycle was arrested at G1.	trichostatin A	21-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
18575867-4	2009	The H69 cells and resistant cell lines have a p53 mutation and consequently decrease expression of p21 in response to platinum drug treatment, promoting progression of the cell cycle instead of increasing p21 to maintain the arrest.	Platinum	118-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
19038232-5	2009	Genistein stimulates p21(waf1/cip1) and cyclin B1 expression, phosphorylation/activation of ATM and Chk2 kinases, and Tyr15-phosphorylation/inactivation of Cdc2 (Cdk1) kinase, and these effects are attenuated by MEK/ERK inhibitors, while LY294002 also attenuates ERK and ATM phosphorylation.	Genistein	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
19221487-1	2009	Human myeloid leukemia cells exposed to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D), a major cancer chemopreventive agent, acquire features of normal monocytes and arrest in the G(1) phase of the cell cycle, due to the upregulation of p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1), but the mechanism is not clear.	Calcitriol	40-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
19196987-6	2009	Substitutions at Ser-362 and 366 of p53 by alanines (p53 AA) result in reduced phosphorylation of p53 by IKK2, decreased association with beta-TrCP1, and thus increased stability of p53 and expression of p53 target genes such as p21, altering the G1 phase of the cell cycle.	Serine	17-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
19196987-6	2009	Substitutions at Ser-362 and 366 of p53 by alanines (p53 AA) result in reduced phosphorylation of p53 by IKK2, decreased association with beta-TrCP1, and thus increased stability of p53 and expression of p53 target genes such as p21, altering the G1 phase of the cell cycle.	Alanine	43-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
19059205-3	2009	In this work, DU-145 cells were used to demonstrate that SPBE and its sterol components, beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol, inhibit prostate cancer growth by increasing p53 protein expression and also inhibit carcinoma development by decreasing p21 and p27 protein expression.	gamma-sitosterol	89-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	244-247
19059205-3	2009	In this work, DU-145 cells were used to demonstrate that SPBE and its sterol components, beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol, inhibit prostate cancer growth by increasing p53 protein expression and also inhibit carcinoma development by decreasing p21 and p27 protein expression.	Stigmasterol	109-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	244-247
18929442-6	2009	Western Blot showed that SN-38 down-regulated protein expression of p-Akt and increased protein expression of p53 and p21, but it had no effects on protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and Akt.	Irinotecan	25-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
19127998-4	2009	The complexes, C32H54Ir2O4 and C32H54O4Rh2, are isostructural: monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z = 4.	c32h54ir2o4	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-80
19127998-4	2009	The complexes, C32H54Ir2O4 and C32H54O4Rh2, are isostructural: monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z = 4.	c32h54o4rh2	31-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-80
19308266-6	2009	In addition, Western blot analysis revealed that 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) and menthol cooperatively modulate the expression of bcl-2 and p21 which provides the insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the enhanced 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3)-mediated growth inhibition by menthol.	Menthol	74-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
19308266-6	2009	In addition, Western blot analysis revealed that 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) and menthol cooperatively modulate the expression of bcl-2 and p21 which provides the insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the enhanced 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3)-mediated growth inhibition by menthol.	Menthol	269-276	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
19259937-6	2009	S-phase arrest and expression of p21 could be inhibited by 7-hydroxystaurosporine, suggesting that the ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad-3-related-checkpoint kinase 1 (ATR-CHK1), and p21 pathways might play a role in the IR-mediated S-phase checkpoint in EC cells.	7-hydroxystaurosporine	59-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
19259937-6	2009	S-phase arrest and expression of p21 could be inhibited by 7-hydroxystaurosporine, suggesting that the ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad-3-related-checkpoint kinase 1 (ATR-CHK1), and p21 pathways might play a role in the IR-mediated S-phase checkpoint in EC cells.	7-hydroxystaurosporine	59-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
19105734-4	2009	The ion-separated tetraphosphenediide [Na(18-crown-6)(thf)2]2[t-Bu3SiPPPPSi-t-Bu3] was analyzed using X-ray crystallography (monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n).	tetraphosphenediide	18-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-154
19105734-4	2009	The ion-separated tetraphosphenediide [Na(18-crown-6)(thf)2]2[t-Bu3SiPPPPSi-t-Bu3] was analyzed using X-ray crystallography (monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n).	na(18-crown-6)(thf)2]2[t-bu3sippppsi-t-bu3	39-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-154
18398612-4	2009	RESULTS: Treatment of all cell types with VA resulted in a dose-dependent increase in histone H3 acetylation and p21 expression, as well as dose-dependent cytostasis.	Valproic Acid	42-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
18450412-8	2009	Indirubin-3-oxime-induced growth inhibition was associated with induction of Cdk inhibitor p21, inhibition of cyclin D1 and activation of caspase-3.	indirubin-3'-monoxime	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
19091346-18	2009	CONCLUSIONS: Finasteride administered 30 days before surgery appears to decrease the apoptotic factors caspase-7 and IGFBP-3 in cancer cells, while having little to no effect on caspase-3, insulin growth factor-1, bcl-2, p53 and p21.	Finasteride	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
19378559-3	2009	The compound {[FeO(HCOO)5(HCOO)3]2-.H2O.2(alpha-CH3NC5H5)}, (1) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/m with charge assisted hydrogen bonds linking the alpha-picolinium cations to the trinuclear groups.	feo(hcoo)5(hcoo)3]2	15-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-112
19140230-5	2009	On day 7, Western blotting was used to determine the effects of troglitazone and ciglitazone on the expression of p21 and phosphorylated-ERK (pERK) genes.	Troglitazone	64-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
19140230-5	2009	On day 7, Western blotting was used to determine the effects of troglitazone and ciglitazone on the expression of p21 and phosphorylated-ERK (pERK) genes.	ciglitazone	81-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
19140230-11	2009	When troglitazone and ciglitazone were administered to stomach cancer cells, levels of p21 expression were increased, but ERK phosphorylation levels were reduced.	Troglitazone	5-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
19140230-11	2009	When troglitazone and ciglitazone were administered to stomach cancer cells, levels of p21 expression were increased, but ERK phosphorylation levels were reduced.	ciglitazone	22-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
19003963-6	2009	The levels of p21 and p27 increased after treatment with doxorubicin or seliciclib alone or in combination, compared to untreated controls.	Doxorubicin	57-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
19738389-7	2009	Treatment with cyclopamine inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of ONB cells, induced ONB cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and down-regulated the expression of Pacthed1, Gli1 and cyclin D1, but up-regulated p21 expression in vitro.	cyclopamine	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	219-222
19000652-5	2009	Analysis of the expression of breast cancer related genes indicated that EGFR, HER2, bcl-2, and COX-2 were significantly downregulated, while IFN-beta and p21 were remarkably upregulated by berberine.	Berberine	190-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
19072620-2	2009	Secnidazole crystallizes as a hemihydrate, which belongs to a monoclinic system having space group P2(1)/c, with a = 12.424 A, b = 12.187 A, c = 6.662 A, and beta = 100.9 degrees.	secnidazole	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-104
19821999-10	2009	Incubation of MDA-MB-231 cells with BU-32 results in the accumulation of cell cycle inhibitor proteins p21 and p27 and stabilization of the tumor suppressor protein p53.	Busulfan	36-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
19593673-6	2009	The molecular changes in both cell lines due to DOX treatment could be classified into: (1) the basal level of p53, p21, BRCA1, GST and TOPOIIalpha mRNA was higher in MCF7/DOX than MCF7/WT.	Doxorubicin	48-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
19009557-5	2009	Quercetin induced p21 CDK inhibitor with a concomitant decrease of phosphorylation of pRb, which inhibits the G(1)/S cell cycle progression by trapping E2F1.	Quercetin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
19009557-6	2009	A low dose of quercetin induced mild DNA damage and Chk2 activation, which is the main regulator of p21 expression by quercetin.	Quercetin	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
19009557-6	2009	A low dose of quercetin induced mild DNA damage and Chk2 activation, which is the main regulator of p21 expression by quercetin.	Quercetin	118-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
19275612-3	2009	Immunoblot assay showed that chalcones significantly decreased the expression of cyclin Bl, cyclin A and Cdc2 protein, as well as increased the expression of p21 and p27 in a p53-independent manner, contributing to cell cycle arrest.	Chalcones	29-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
18649995-4	2008	Western blot analysis revealed that the protein level of p21 in HUVEC increased after DPTH-N10 treatment.	5,5-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin-N10	86-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
19020764-3	2008	Concomitant with G0/G1 arrest, HCT-116 cells treated with DPI resulted in strong and sustained upregulation of p53 and p21.	diphenyleneiodonium	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
19020764-4	2008	p53- or p21-deficient HCT-116 cells using a small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly increased the progression into S phase by stimulation of DPI, compared with DPI alone.	diphenyleneiodonium	145-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
19020764-4	2008	p53- or p21-deficient HCT-116 cells using a small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly increased the progression into S phase by stimulation of DPI, compared with DPI alone.	diphenyleneiodonium	164-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
19020764-5	2008	However, the silencing of p53 resulted in more efficient transition into S phase than the silencing of p21 siRNA and significantly inhibited p21 upregulation by DPI stimulation.	diphenyleneiodonium	161-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
19020764-5	2008	However, the silencing of p53 resulted in more efficient transition into S phase than the silencing of p21 siRNA and significantly inhibited p21 upregulation by DPI stimulation.	diphenyleneiodonium	161-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
19020764-6	2008	Interestingly, brief exposure to DPI did not change p53 expression, but showed transient upregulation of p21 and G0/G1 arrest.	diphenyleneiodonium	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
19020764-7	2008	These results suggest that p53 upregulation sustains G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and p21 upregulation by DPI stimulation in HCT-116 cells.	diphenyleneiodonium	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
19020764-8	2008	In HL-60 cells, DPI also induced p21 upregulation in a p53-independent manner and the increase of p21 expression seems to be regulated by DPI-mediated ERK activation.	diphenyleneiodonium	16-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
19020764-8	2008	In HL-60 cells, DPI also induced p21 upregulation in a p53-independent manner and the increase of p21 expression seems to be regulated by DPI-mediated ERK activation.	diphenyleneiodonium	138-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
19141979-7	2008	CONCLUSION: Celecoxib inhibited cell proliferation and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823, which may be related to blocking the cell cycle progress by increasing the expression of p21 and inducing the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by increasing the expression of Fas.	Celecoxib	12-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
18823952-4	2008	Up regulation of bax and the increased nuclear accumulation of p21 upon benomyl treatment confirmed the activation of p53.	Benomyl	72-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
19007111-3	2008	The metabolically released formaldehyde from the prodrugs was the dominant factor affecting cell viability by a ROS-dependent mechanism and was responsible for rapid phosphorylation of H2AX, suppression of the cell survival protein c-myc, and transient elevation in the expression of p21.	Formaldehyde	27-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	284-287
19007111-3	2008	The metabolically released formaldehyde from the prodrugs was the dominant factor affecting cell viability by a ROS-dependent mechanism and was responsible for rapid phosphorylation of H2AX, suppression of the cell survival protein c-myc, and transient elevation in the expression of p21.	ros	112-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	284-287
18835080-6	2008	The Trp fluorescence intensities of mutated p21(141-164) peptides (F150W, Y151W and F159W) increased upon binding to Ca(2+)-saturated calmodulin and fluorescence maxima were blue shifted from 350 nm to 330 nm.	Tryptophan	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
18649995-9	2008	Taken together, these data suggest that DPTH-N10 inhibits HUVEC proliferation by increasing the level of p21 protein, which in turn inhibits CDK2 kinase activity, and finally interrupts the cell cycle.	5,5-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin-N10	40-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
18649995-6	2008	Immunoprecipitation showed that the formation of the CDK2-p21 complex, but not the CDK2-p27, CDK4-p21, and CDK4-p27 complex, was increased in the DPTH-N10-treated HUVEC.	5,5-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin-N10	146-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
18649995-8	2008	Pretreatment of HUVEC with a p21, but not p27, antisense oligonucleotide reversed the DPTH-N10-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into HUVEC.	5,5-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin-N10	86-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
18649995-8	2008	Pretreatment of HUVEC with a p21, but not p27, antisense oligonucleotide reversed the DPTH-N10-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into HUVEC.	Tritium	118-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
18064564-6	2008	Induction of the stress related kinases JNK and p38 and the up-regulation of p21 and p27 were also observed after co-treatment of cells with HDACi and MG-132.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	151-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
21581414-1	2008	The titile compound, C(18)H(20)Cl(2)N(2)O(2), crystallizes as a monoclinic form in the space group P2(1)/n, with Z" = 1/2.	c(18)h(20)cl(2)n(	21-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-104
19010882-8	2008	We found that miR-128 expression caused a decrease in histone methylation (H3K27me(3)) and Akt phosphorylation, and up-regulation of p21(CIP1) levels, consistent with Bmi-1 down-regulation.	mir-128	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
19138995-8	2008	We found that the inhibitory effect of Gemini 0097 was associated with an increased level of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 in both ER-positive and ER-negative mammary tumors.	Gemini0097	39-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
18850315-4	2008	The formation of CDK2-p21 and CDK2-p27 were increased and the CDK2 activity was decreased in the progesterone-treated HUVEC.	Progesterone	97-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
18850315-5	2008	The progesterone-inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation was completely blocked when the expressions of p21 and p27 were knocked-down together.	Tritium	28-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
18850315-6	2008	Transfection of HUVEC with dominant negative p53 cDNA prevented the progesterone-induced increases in p21 and p27 promoter activity and protein level, decreases in thymidine incorporation, and capillary-like tube formation.	Progesterone	68-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
18822454-8	2008	Nevirapine treated cells strongly accumulated SA-b-Gal activity and also expressed increased levels of p53 and p21 when analyzed via RT-PCR.	Nevirapine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
18671724-11	2008	These results demonstrate that G(0)/G(1) phase arrest is due to increased expression of p21 in cells treated with norsolorinic acid (10 and 20 micromol/L) for 24 h. Moreover, enhanced Fas and membrane-bound Fas ligand (mFasL) may be responsible for the apoptotic effect of norsolorinic acid.	norsolorinic acid	114-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
18671724-11	2008	These results demonstrate that G(0)/G(1) phase arrest is due to increased expression of p21 in cells treated with norsolorinic acid (10 and 20 micromol/L) for 24 h. Moreover, enhanced Fas and membrane-bound Fas ligand (mFasL) may be responsible for the apoptotic effect of norsolorinic acid.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	184-187	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
18671724-11	2008	These results demonstrate that G(0)/G(1) phase arrest is due to increased expression of p21 in cells treated with norsolorinic acid (10 and 20 micromol/L) for 24 h. Moreover, enhanced Fas and membrane-bound Fas ligand (mFasL) may be responsible for the apoptotic effect of norsolorinic acid.	norsolorinic acid	273-290	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
18671724-12	2008	Thus, the present study reports, for the first time, that induction of p21 and the Fas/mFas ligand apoptotic system may participate in the antiproliferative action of norsolorinic acid in T24 human bladder cancer cells.	norsolorinic acid	167-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
19031317-2	2008	Previous treatment of H4 cells with DHEA for 18 h reduced the gamma-ray-induced phosphorylation of Akt, activated p21(waf1) synthesis and up-regulated phosphorylation of Rb independent of p53.	Dehydroepiandrosterone	36-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
18981469-3	2008	3024-3036), published in this issue of Genes &amp; Development, now elucidates the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs), p21 and p57, in mammalian endocycle regulation.	Adenosine Monophosphate	46-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
18949380-9	2008	Overall, the TsA-activated ERK pathway plays an important role in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through the ERK-dependent induction of p21 in Ras-related human cancer cells.	trichostatin A	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
18949381-6	2008	The expression of p53, p21, bax and caspase-3 increased in Tan-I-treated cells.	tanshinone	59-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
18949381-8	2008	These findings suggest that Tan-I induces apoptosis in Colo 205 cells through both mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic cell-death pathways and p21-mediated G0/G1cell cycle arrest.	tanshinone	28-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
18729080-0	2008	Helenalin-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of p21(Cip1) inhibits 3T3-L1 preadipocyte proliferation.	helenalin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
18799615-3	2008	Only in Ret/PTC1-positive TPC-1 cells did cAMP markedly inhibit the Raf/ERK cascade, leading to mTOR pathway inhibition, repression of cyclin D1 and p21 and p27 accumulation.	Cyclic AMP	42-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
18539384-3	2008	In addition, LMP1 abolished the potentials of retinoic acid (RA) to down-regulate Cdk2 and Cdk4 and to up-regulate p16, p21, and p27, resulting in activation of E2F1 in the presence of RA.	Tretinoin	46-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
18539384-3	2008	In addition, LMP1 abolished the potentials of retinoic acid (RA) to down-regulate Cdk2 and Cdk4 and to up-regulate p16, p21, and p27, resulting in activation of E2F1 in the presence of RA.	Tretinoin	61-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
18615564-5	2008	Doc induced a transient increase in G2/M phase followed by the appearance of G0/1 hypo- and hyperdiploid cells and increased p21 expression.	Docetaxel	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
18615564-7	2008	In conclusion, Doc would seem to trigger apoptosis in hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells via mitotic catastrophe through two forms of mitotic exit, in concomitance with increased p21 expression and caspase-2 activation.	Docetaxel	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
18729080-5	2008	Our results demonstrate that helenalin markedly increased p21 protein accumulation in both density-arrested and proliferating preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner.	helenalin	29-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
18729080-7	2008	This notion was further supported by the modest accumulation of polyubiquitylated p21 following treatment with helenalin suggesting that suppression of targeted p21 proteolysis by the 26S proteasome contributed to helenalin-mediated p21 accumulation.	helenalin	111-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
18729080-7	2008	This notion was further supported by the modest accumulation of polyubiquitylated p21 following treatment with helenalin suggesting that suppression of targeted p21 proteolysis by the 26S proteasome contributed to helenalin-mediated p21 accumulation.	helenalin	111-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
18729080-7	2008	This notion was further supported by the modest accumulation of polyubiquitylated p21 following treatment with helenalin suggesting that suppression of targeted p21 proteolysis by the 26S proteasome contributed to helenalin-mediated p21 accumulation.	helenalin	111-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
18729080-7	2008	This notion was further supported by the modest accumulation of polyubiquitylated p21 following treatment with helenalin suggesting that suppression of targeted p21 proteolysis by the 26S proteasome contributed to helenalin-mediated p21 accumulation.	helenalin	214-223	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
18640142-1	2008	INTRODUCTION: Polymorphisms in p53, p21 and CCND1 could regulate the progression of the cell cycle and might increase the susceptibility to inorganic arsenic-related cancer risk.	Arsenic	150-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
18729080-7	2008	This notion was further supported by the modest accumulation of polyubiquitylated p21 following treatment with helenalin suggesting that suppression of targeted p21 proteolysis by the 26S proteasome contributed to helenalin-mediated p21 accumulation.	helenalin	214-223	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
18640142-7	2008	RESULTS: Subjects carrying the p21 Arg/Arg genotype had an increased UC risk (age and gender adjusted OR=1.53; 95% CI, 1.02-2.29).	Arginine	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
18729080-7	2008	This notion was further supported by the modest accumulation of polyubiquitylated p21 following treatment with helenalin suggesting that suppression of targeted p21 proteolysis by the 26S proteasome contributed to helenalin-mediated p21 accumulation.	helenalin	214-223	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
18640142-7	2008	RESULTS: Subjects carrying the p21 Arg/Arg genotype had an increased UC risk (age and gender adjusted OR=1.53; 95% CI, 1.02-2.29).	Arginine	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
18640142-12	2008	CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the variant genotype of p21 might be a predictor of inorganic arsenic-related UC risk.	Arsenic	99-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
18729080-9	2008	Finally, helenalin increased protein-protein interactions between p21 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) which may account in part for the anti-proliferative effect in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.	helenalin	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
18294363-4	2008	The results were as follows: (1) At P21, GL increased significantly the spleen weight by 163.6% and spleen index by 118.8% compared with RL (P &lt; 0.05).	Methyl Green	41-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
18294363-7	2008	(3) At P21, GL enhanced spleen lymphocytes proliferation in response to concanavalin A compared with RL by 50.0% (P &lt; 0.05).	Methyl Green	12-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	7-10
18834353-8	2008	When cells were treated with 20 microM 5-fluorouracil and 200 microg/ml Bupleuri Radix simultaneously, Bax protein increased in HepG2 cells at 24 hr; however, p21 and p53 proteins were up-regulated in normal human lymphocytes.	Fluorouracil	39-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
18766003-8	2008	Celecoxib reduced p-Rb and DP1/E2F1 complex predominantly via upregulated p21/CDK4 complex in HuH7 xenograft, but p27/CDK4 complex in C2D-HuH7 xenografts.	Celecoxib	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
18509599-9	2008	In addition, lower (but not higher) doses of DDAP arrested 90% of S-phase 2008.C13 cells, which might be associated with up-regulation of p21 and maintenance of low cyclin A expression.	diammine dicarboxylic acid platinum	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
18842998-1	2008	This study explores the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of p53, p21, and CCND1, and the susceptibility of chromosomal damage induced by vinyl chloride monomer (CH(2)=CHCl, VCM).	Vinyl Chloride	147-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
18384530-7	2008	In this work, we also show that melatonin elevates p21 protein levels and increases antioxidant capacity of prostate cancer cells.	Melatonin	32-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
18632985-6	2008	p21 was likely a direct target of HDAC4, because HDAC4 down-regulation increased p21 mRNA when protein synthesis was inhibited by cycloheximide.	Cycloheximide	130-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
18632985-6	2008	p21 was likely a direct target of HDAC4, because HDAC4 down-regulation increased p21 mRNA when protein synthesis was inhibited by cycloheximide.	Cycloheximide	130-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
18653452-7	2008	(iv) The mutation of all four glutamates to alanine does debilitate Nef MHC-I downregulation, but this quadruple mutation also impairs the ability of Nef to regulate p21-activated protein kinase and enhance viral particle infectivity.	Glutamates	30-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
18653452-7	2008	(iv) The mutation of all four glutamates to alanine does debilitate Nef MHC-I downregulation, but this quadruple mutation also impairs the ability of Nef to regulate p21-activated protein kinase and enhance viral particle infectivity.	Alanine	44-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
18813348-6	2008	Suppression of Hsf1 in A1-5 cells with quercetin or an Hsf1 siRNA reduced p53 nuclear importation and inhibited p53-mediated activation of a p21 reporter.	Quercetin	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
18515856-6	2008	Our results show that with acute treatment, VPA can increase the expression of net histone H3 acetylation and up-regulate p21 expression with no effect on p53 expression.	Valproic Acid	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
18583539-3	2008	Also, selenium-treated ATSCs significantly downregulated p53 and p21 tumor suppressor gene products.	Selenium	6-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
21201166-6	2008	The triply substituted benzene ring and the phenyl ring form dihedral angles of 12.2 (2) and 53.7 (2) , respectively, with the pyrazolone ring; the corresponding values in the P2(1)/c polymorph are 7.5 (2) and 42.6 (2) .	Benzene	23-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-181
21201166-6	2008	The triply substituted benzene ring and the phenyl ring form dihedral angles of 12.2 (2) and 53.7 (2) , respectively, with the pyrazolone ring; the corresponding values in the P2(1)/c polymorph are 7.5 (2) and 42.6 (2) .	pyrazolone	127-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-181
18504430-0	2008	Geldanamycin promotes premature mitotic entry and micronucleation in irradiated p53/p21 deficient colon carcinoma cells.	geldanamycin	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
18504430-8	2008	Clonogenic survival studies demonstrated higher sensitivity to GA alone or combination IR plus GA treatment in p53 and p21-null cells.	geldanamycin	63-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
18806879-10	2008	CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that mitomycin-induced cellular apoptosis in corneal endothelial cells may be mediated through caspase-8, caspase-9, and the mitochondrial regulated pathways as well as through upregulation of p53-dependent and p21-dependent signal transduction pathways.	Mitomycin	41-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	247-250
19035307-5	2008	RESULTS: Putrescine and spermidine at 0.5 mg/l significantly stimulated cell growth, whereas mepacrine treatment confirmed the enhanced p21 expression previously reported by a recent study and growth inhibition.	Quinacrine	93-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
18710213-4	2008	Compound 4 (C12H17[NCO]C10H7)3Y(C4H8O) crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with a = 13.7820(11) A, b = 33.598(3) A, c = 16.0575(12) A, alpha = 90 degrees, beta = 98.762(3) degrees, gamma = 90 degrees, Z = 4.	methional	32-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-87
18490008-3	2008	The two beta-CD monomers of form III are isostructural to that of form I in the monoclinic space group P2(1) [Steiner, T.; Mason, S. A.; Saenger, W. J.	betadex	8-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-108
18384098-4	2008	Curcumin can also activate apoptosis, down-regulate cell survival gene products, and up-regulate p53, p21, and p27.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
18385759-7	2008	Furthermore p21, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor downstream of S100/A11, was required for calcium-mediated induction of HBD-3 and FLG.	Calcium	94-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
18622903-6	2008	The expression of p53 and p21 and mitochondrial cytochrome c release were increased in tanshinone IIA-treated cells.	tanshinone	87-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
18790751-4	2008	Xanthohumol inhibition of K562 cell viability was associated with induction of apoptosis, increased p21 and p53 expression, and decreased survivin levels.	xanthohumol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
18446786-6	2008	Resveratrol also caused p53 binding to the p21 promoter and increased abundance of COX-2 protein in UMSCC-22B cell nuclei.	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
18548481-11	2008	CONCLUSIONS: The pADxsi-PSES-AdoMetDC-ODC-PolyA AV specifically inhibited the expression of ODC and AdoMetDC and the synthesis of polyamine, while it induced p21 expression, resulting in cell growth arrest in the G1 phase in prostate cancer cells but not in other cells.	Polyamines	130-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
18662759-6	2008	Thus, these results indicated that TOCP might induce potential neurodevelopmental toxicity, and a possible mechanism of this toxicity might be the disturbance of cell proliferation by disrupting cell cycle regulatory proteins cyclin D1 and p21 expression.	tri-o-cresyl phosphate	35-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
18474441-6	2008	Moreover, troglitazone treatment, applied in a dose-dependent manner, caused a marked decrease in pRb, cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin D3, Cdk2, Cdk4 and Cdk6 expression as well as a significant increase in p21 and p27 expression.	Troglitazone	10-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
18541724-3	2008	In this study, we report that the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat induced p21 expression and decreased Bcl-xL levels causing cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis.	Vorinostat	49-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
18391982-4	2008	As the mechanism, triptolide suppressed CDDP-induced p53 transcriptional activity, leading to p21 attenuation, which promoted apoptosis via the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and Bax.	triptolide	18-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
18384113-6	2008	The cell cycle arrest coincided with an increase in expression of the cell cycle markers p21, p27 and p53 proteins in 2-ME-treated osteosarcoma cells.	2-Methoxyestradiol	118-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
18950011-4	2008	Antisense oligonucleotide which directed blocked up the translation site resulted in growth inhibition, downregulation of Stat3, p-Stat3, Cyclins and CDKs, and upregulation of p21 and p27.	Oligonucleotides	10-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
19102934-3	2008	Eukaryotic vector pEGFP-C2-p21 was transfected into HepG cells by lipofectamine and positive clones were screened out by G418.	Lipofectamine	66-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
19102934-6	2008	RESULTS: After treatment with DOX, the expression of p53 and p21 was increased, whereas that of survivin was reduced during 24 hours of the treatment.	Doxorubicin	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
18391982-4	2008	As the mechanism, triptolide suppressed CDDP-induced p53 transcriptional activity, leading to p21 attenuation, which promoted apoptosis via the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and Bax.	Cisplatin	40-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
18391985-9	2008	Furthermore, Fbw7 expression regulates the p53-dependent induction of genes such as Lats2 and p21 in response to vinblastine.	Vinblastine	113-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
18486125-11	2008	These findings suggest that MC-4 and MR-4 may share a common mechanism whereby the perinucear mitochondrial clustering, rather than p53, p21, or microtubule depolymerization, is critical for their pro-apoptotic action.	MC-4	28-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
18561895-8	2008	Cucurbitacins induced the expression of p53 and p21 predominantly in HCT116 cells that harbor mutant Ras.	Cucurbitacins	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
18561895-9	2008	Using HCT116 cells with targeted deletion of p53 or p21 we confirmed that p53 and p21 protect cells from apoptosis induced by cucurbitacins.	Cucurbitacins	126-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
18561895-9	2008	Using HCT116 cells with targeted deletion of p53 or p21 we confirmed that p53 and p21 protect cells from apoptosis induced by cucurbitacins.	Cucurbitacins	126-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
18561895-10	2008	These results demonstrated that sensitivity of human colon cancer cell lines to cucurbitacins depends on the kRas and p53/p21 status, and established that cucurbitacins can exert antitumorigenic activity in the absence of activated STAT3.	Cucurbitacins	80-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
18935826-3	2008	Though the pyroxene retains its P21/c symmetry, changes in the Raman spectra are observed between 6.8 and 7.7 GPa, possibly due to the formation of an additional bond between Li and O3 or some other transition that retains the mineral"s P21/c space group.	pyroxene	11-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-37
18935826-5	2008	Comparison is made with the Raman spectra of LiAlSi2O6 and LiFeSi2O6 in the P21/c phase and the visible spectra of NaCrSi2O6 at high pressures.	lifesi2o6	59-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-81
18780655-1	2008	AIM: To examine by means of immunohistochemistry the expression of the tumor suppressing gene p53 and gene p21 in cells of malignant melanoma of the uvea from formalin-paraffin material from patients, who were during the period 2000 - 2006 surgically treated due to malignant melanoma of the uvea at the Department of Ophthalmology in the University Hospital in Brno (Brunn), Czech Republic, E.U., and to correlate the results of the immunohistochemical detection with clinical signs of the tumor of each patient.	Formaldehyde	159-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
21783897-0	2008	Suppression of zinc-induced p53 phosphorylation and p21 expression by wortmannin in A549 human pulmonary epithelial cells.	Wortmannin	70-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
21783897-3	2008	Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, one of the genes regulated by p53, was up-regulated following exposure to ZnSO(4), and suppressed by preincubation with wortmannin.	znso	127-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
21783897-3	2008	Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, one of the genes regulated by p53, was up-regulated following exposure to ZnSO(4), and suppressed by preincubation with wortmannin.	Wortmannin	173-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
18332866-4	2008	Conditional overexpression of p21 in p53-deficient cells revealed that hyperoxia also stimulates wortmannin-sensitive degradation of p21.	Wortmannin	97-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
18332866-4	2008	Conditional overexpression of p21 in p53-deficient cells revealed that hyperoxia also stimulates wortmannin-sensitive degradation of p21.	Wortmannin	97-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
18594007-14	2008	Moreover, moscatilin induces DNA damage, phosphorylation of H2AX and p53, and up-regulation of p21.	dendrophenol	10-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
18645003-1	2008	Previous studies comparing the effects of two histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, trichostatin A (TSA) and CG-1521, have shown that these compounds selectively inhibit HDAC and induce differentially acetylated p53 isoforms and assembly of mutually exclusive transcriptional complexes on the p21 promoter.	trichostatin A	85-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
18645003-1	2008	Previous studies comparing the effects of two histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, trichostatin A (TSA) and CG-1521, have shown that these compounds selectively inhibit HDAC and induce differentially acetylated p53 isoforms and assembly of mutually exclusive transcriptional complexes on the p21 promoter.	trichostatin A	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
18645003-1	2008	Previous studies comparing the effects of two histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, trichostatin A (TSA) and CG-1521, have shown that these compounds selectively inhibit HDAC and induce differentially acetylated p53 isoforms and assembly of mutually exclusive transcriptional complexes on the p21 promoter.	cysteinylglycine	110-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
18645003-2	2008	To determine whether the differential transcriptional regulation seen in p21 gene is unique or whether it is representative of the genome-wide effects of these two HDAC inhibitors, we have used microarray and Ingenuity pathway analysis to compare the effects of TSA and CG-1521 on gene expression on LNCaP cells.	trichostatin A	262-265	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
18645003-5	2008	These data show that the selective effects of CG-1521 and TSA on the assembly of transcription complexes are not unique to the p21 gene and suggest that selective inhibition of HDAC can lead to significant changes in gene expression through the acetylation of transcription factors including but not limited to p53.	cysteinylglycine	46-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
18468651-7	2008	Western blot analysis revealed that pouterin caused increased expression of p21, thus indicating cell cycle arrest.	pouterin	36-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
18353898-3	2008	Nuclear p21 protein and mRNA levels as well as promoter activity in ZS cells, but not in ZD cells, were markedly elevated to almost twofold compared with ZN control cells.	Zinc	154-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
18523653-5	2008	Palmitic acid, as well as stearic acid and myristic acid, compromised the induction of p21 and Bax expression in response to double stranded breaks and ssDNA, while inhibition or knockdown of FASN enhanced these cellular events.	Myristic Acid	43-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
18523653-5	2008	Palmitic acid, as well as stearic acid and myristic acid, compromised the induction of p21 and Bax expression in response to double stranded breaks and ssDNA, while inhibition or knockdown of FASN enhanced these cellular events.	Palmitic Acid	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
18523653-5	2008	Palmitic acid, as well as stearic acid and myristic acid, compromised the induction of p21 and Bax expression in response to double stranded breaks and ssDNA, while inhibition or knockdown of FASN enhanced these cellular events.	stearic acid	26-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
18353898-6	2008	Abolishment of the increase in p53 protein in ZS cells with transfection of p53 siRNA normalized the elevated p21 protein to a similar level as in ZN control cells, which demonstrated that the p21 induction is p53 dependent.	Zinc	147-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
18353898-6	2008	Abolishment of the increase in p53 protein in ZS cells with transfection of p53 siRNA normalized the elevated p21 protein to a similar level as in ZN control cells, which demonstrated that the p21 induction is p53 dependent.	Zinc	147-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
18483381-5	2008	HDIs up-regulate p21, which is blocked by concomitant administration of 2-deoxy-d-glucose.	Deoxyglucose	72-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
18445700-5	2008	LBH589 or bortezomib alone increased expression of the cell cycle regulators p21 and p27.	Panobinostat	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
18445700-5	2008	LBH589 or bortezomib alone increased expression of the cell cycle regulators p21 and p27.	Bortezomib	10-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
18371935-9	2008	Fluoxetine showed the potential to disrupt skp2-CKS1 assembly required for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of p27 and p21.	Fluoxetine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
18371935-11	2008	We found that fluoxetine treatment could accumulate p27 and p21, an immediate outcome characteristic of functional inhibition of CKS1.	Fluoxetine	14-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
18423603-0	2008	Curcumin induces apoptosis in HCT-116 human colon cancer cells in a p21-independent manner.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
18423603-3	2008	Several studies report that curcumin inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in cancer cells through p21-mediated cell cycle arrest.	Curcumin	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
18423603-5	2008	In this study, we determined whether curcumin-induced cytotoxicity in cultures of HCT-116 human colon cancer cells was dependent on p21 status.	Curcumin	37-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
18423603-7	2008	Moreover, an equivalent cytotoxic effect by curcumin was observed in both p21(+/+) and p21(-/-)HCT-116 cells, indicating that curcumin-induced cytotoxicity was p21-independent.	Curcumin	44-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
18423603-7	2008	Moreover, an equivalent cytotoxic effect by curcumin was observed in both p21(+/+) and p21(-/-)HCT-116 cells, indicating that curcumin-induced cytotoxicity was p21-independent.	Curcumin	44-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
18423603-7	2008	Moreover, an equivalent cytotoxic effect by curcumin was observed in both p21(+/+) and p21(-/-)HCT-116 cells, indicating that curcumin-induced cytotoxicity was p21-independent.	Curcumin	44-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
18423603-9	2008	Western blot analysis showed that cell death in curcumin-treated cultures of p21(+/+) and p21(-/-) HCT-116 cells was associated with a reduction in pro-caspase-3 and PARP-1 cleavage, which are indicative of apoptosis.	Curcumin	48-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
18423603-9	2008	Western blot analysis showed that cell death in curcumin-treated cultures of p21(+/+) and p21(-/-) HCT-116 cells was associated with a reduction in pro-caspase-3 and PARP-1 cleavage, which are indicative of apoptosis.	Curcumin	48-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
18324646-7	2008	Further, in both PC3 and LNCaP cell lines, 25-OH-PPD increased expression of p21, p27, and Bax, induced PARP cleavage and activated caspases.	25-hydroxyprotopanaxadiol	43-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
18493594-0	2008	Antagomir-17-5p abolishes the growth of therapy-resistant neuroblastoma through p21 and BIM.	antagomir-17-5p	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
18272192-0	2008	Inhibition of the ERK phosphorylation plays a role in terbinafine-induced p21 up-regulation and DNA synthesis inhibition in human vascular endothelial cells.	Terbinafine	54-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
18272192-1	2008	Previously, we showed that terbinafine (TB) induces cell-cycle arrest in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) through an up-regulation of the p21 protein.	Terbinafine	27-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
18272192-4	2008	The p21 promoter activity was also increased by TB treatment.	Terbinafine	48-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
18272192-1	2008	Previously, we showed that terbinafine (TB) induces cell-cycle arrest in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) through an up-regulation of the p21 protein.	Terbinafine	40-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
18272192-5	2008	Transfection of HUVEC with p53 dominant negative (DN) abolished the TB-induced increases of p21 promoter activity and protein level, suggesting that the TB-induced increase of p21 is p53-dependent.	Terbinafine	68-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
18272192-2	2008	The aim of this study is to delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying TB-induced increase of p21 protein.	Terbinafine	74-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
18272192-5	2008	Transfection of HUVEC with p53 dominant negative (DN) abolished the TB-induced increases of p21 promoter activity and protein level, suggesting that the TB-induced increase of p21 is p53-dependent.	Terbinafine	68-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
18272192-5	2008	Transfection of HUVEC with p53 dominant negative (DN) abolished the TB-induced increases of p21 promoter activity and protein level, suggesting that the TB-induced increase of p21 is p53-dependent.	Terbinafine	153-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
18272192-3	2008	RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the mRNA levels of p21 and p53 were increased in the TB-treated HUVEC.	Terbinafine	87-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
18272192-5	2008	Transfection of HUVEC with p53 dominant negative (DN) abolished the TB-induced increases of p21 promoter activity and protein level, suggesting that the TB-induced increase of p21 is p53-dependent.	Terbinafine	153-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
18373075-5	2008	However, at a low dose of etoposide (repairable damage), Bid activated the S phase checkpoint through the up-regulation of p21 and p27, which are both p53-independent.	Etoposide	26-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
18272192-7	2008	Over-expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)-1, the immediate upstream activator kinase of ERK, abolished the TB-induced increases of p21 and p53 protein and decrease of thymidine incorporation.	Terbinafine	123-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
18272192-9	2008	Taken together, these data suggest that the decrease of ERK activity plays a role in the TB-induced up-regulation of p21 in HUVEC.	Terbinafine	89-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
18272192-11	2008	Taken together, our results suggest that TB might cause a decrease of MEK, which in turn up-regulates p53 through the inhibition of ERK phosphorylation, and finally causes an increase of p21 expression and cell-cycle arrest.	Terbinafine	41-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
18223318-5	2008	Bortezomib-induced apoptosis was associated with activation of caspase 3, cleavage of PARP and induction of p27 and p21 expression.	Bortezomib	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
18355800-3	2008	We demonstrated that p27/Kip1, p21/Cip1 and the keratinocyte differentiation marker, human involucrin (hINV), were induced (&gt;25 microM) in TB-induced differentiated A431 cells.	Terbium	142-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
18418051-4	2008	Using reporter assays and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays (EMSA), our findings suggest that TAp73-mediated activation of the p21(cip/waf), 14-3-3sigma and Bax gene promoters is abrogated by expressed PLK1 for which post-translational modification of TAp73 Thr-27 appears to be a key step in MCF7 cells.	Threonine	262-265	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
18269916-0	2008	Induction of p21 by p65 in p53 null cells treated with Doxorubicin.	Doxorubicin	55-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
18269916-2	2008	Here we show that knockdown of p65 by IkappaBSR or p65 siRNA decreased the cytotoxic effect of DOX on HCT116 (p53+/+) cells, correlating with increased induction of p21.	Doxorubicin	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
18269916-5	2008	In HCT116 (p53-/-) cells, downregulation of p65 expression enhanced the cytotoxic effect of DOX, due to decreased p21 expression levels.	Doxorubicin	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
18269916-6	2008	We present evidence that in p53-null tumor cells treated with DOX, p65 was involved in induction of p21 expression by directly binding to the p21 promoter.	Doxorubicin	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
18269916-6	2008	We present evidence that in p53-null tumor cells treated with DOX, p65 was involved in induction of p21 expression by directly binding to the p21 promoter.	Doxorubicin	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
18538108-10	2008	Immunoblotting showed that mucronulatol induced an up-regulation of p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) while down-regulating cyclin E and CDK4 in a drug concentration-dependent manner.	mucronulatol	27-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
18380477-4	2008	An aggregation of Fas-procaspase 8-procaspase 3 and p21-procaspase 3 proteins by coimmunoprecipitation, immunoblotting analysis, and MALDI-mass spectrometry indicated the involvement of Fas and p21 in 1-mediated cytotoxicity, and pretreatment of cells with antisense FasL oligonucleotides partially abolished apoptosis.	Oligonucleotides	272-288	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
17982489-7	2008	GA also produced a p53/ATM-independent increase in the levels of p21-a potent inducer of cell-cycle arrest.	geldanamycin	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
18358095-7	2008	RESULTS: Rapamycin inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat, induced G1 phase arrest, unregulated the protein level of p21 as well as p27, and downregulated cyclinD3, phospho-p70s6k, and phospho-s6, but had no effect on apoptosis.	Sirolimus	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
18480997-9	2008	Western blotting showed that cisplatin decreased protein expression of E6 and increased protein expression of p53, p21 and Bax.	Cisplatin	29-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
17376583-0	2008	Histone deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and valproic acid induce cell cycle arrest and p21 expression in immortalized human endometrial stromal cells.	trichostatin A	31-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
17376583-0	2008	Histone deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and valproic acid induce cell cycle arrest and p21 expression in immortalized human endometrial stromal cells.	Valproic Acid	50-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
17376583-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: Following our observation that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA) can suppress proliferation of endometrial stromal cells, we sought to determine whether TSA and VPA do so by inducing cell cycle arrest and p21 expression.	trichostatin A	98-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	267-270
17376583-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: Following our observation that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA) can suppress proliferation of endometrial stromal cells, we sought to determine whether TSA and VPA do so by inducing cell cycle arrest and p21 expression.	Valproic Acid	107-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	267-270
17376583-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: Following our observation that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA) can suppress proliferation of endometrial stromal cells, we sought to determine whether TSA and VPA do so by inducing cell cycle arrest and p21 expression.	Valproic Acid	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	267-270
17376583-4	2008	Treatment with ATRA alone also induced cell cycle arrest and moderate increase in p21 expression but joint treatment of ATRA and TSA/VPA did not further enhance cell cycle arrest as compared with TSA/VPA treatment alone.	Tretinoin	15-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
18414054-7	2008	P21 expression, for example, is under normal conditions not affected by p53/47 but is induced 18-fold after treatment of cells with the DNA damaging drug doxorubicin.	Doxorubicin	154-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
18343280-0	2008	Temsirolimus downregulates p21 without altering cyclin D1 expression and induces autophagy and synergizes with vorinostat in mantle cell lymphoma.	temsirolimus	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
18343280-7	2008	Mechanistically, temsirolimus inhibited mTOR, as evidenced by inhibition of ribosomal S6 phosphorylation, and induced cell-cycle arrest in the G(0)/G(1) phase and a decrease in p21 expression without altering p27 or cyclin D1 levels.	temsirolimus	17-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
18022818-0	2008	Molecular mechanisms of p21 and p27 induction by 3-methylcholanthrene, an aryl-hydrocarbon receptor agonist, involved in antiproliferation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells.	Methylcholanthrene	49-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
18022818-2	2008	Herein, pretreatment of HUVECs with p21 or p27 small interfering (si)RNA reduced 3MC-induced elimination of [(3)H]thymidine incorporation, demonstrating their essential roles in the antiproliferation of HUVECs.	Methylcholanthrene	81-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
18022818-3	2008	The molecular mechanisms of p21 and p27 involved in the antiproliferative effects of 3MC were elucidated in this study.	Methylcholanthrene	85-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
18022818-5	2008	Interestingly, 3MC-mediated p21 and p27 inductions were eliminated by resveratrol, an AhR antagonist, suggesting their AhR dependency, further confirmed by AhR siRNA.	Methylcholanthrene	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
18022818-5	2008	Interestingly, 3MC-mediated p21 and p27 inductions were eliminated by resveratrol, an AhR antagonist, suggesting their AhR dependency, further confirmed by AhR siRNA.	Resveratrol	70-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
18022818-6	2008	Among the relevant pathways, p38MAPK activation sustained the levels of p21 and p27 induced by 3MC, which was eliminated by AhR antagonists and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant.	Methylcholanthrene	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
18022818-6	2008	Among the relevant pathways, p38MAPK activation sustained the levels of p21 and p27 induced by 3MC, which was eliminated by AhR antagonists and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant.	Acetylcysteine	144-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
18022818-6	2008	Among the relevant pathways, p38MAPK activation sustained the levels of p21 and p27 induced by 3MC, which was eliminated by AhR antagonists and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant.	Acetylcysteine	162-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
18022818-7	2008	3MC concentration-dependently enhanced not only the consensus dioxin-responsive element (DRE)-driven luciferase activity, but also the binding activity of the AhR to the putative DRE derived from the p21 and p27 promoters.	Methylcholanthrene	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
18022818-8	2008	A deletion of the DRE (-285/-270) in p21 (-2,300/+8) only partially alleviated the 3MC-induced luciferase activity unless NAC was added, suggesting that there may be a DRE-independent mechanism associated with oxidative stress.	Methylcholanthrene	83-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
18022818-8	2008	A deletion of the DRE (-285/-270) in p21 (-2,300/+8) only partially alleviated the 3MC-induced luciferase activity unless NAC was added, suggesting that there may be a DRE-independent mechanism associated with oxidative stress.	Acetylcysteine	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
18022818-10	2008	Our study demonstrated that both the functional DRE and the phosphorylation of p38MAPK are essential for the induction of p21 and p27, resulting in the antiproliferative action of 3MC in HUVECs.	Methylcholanthrene	180-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
18027850-10	2008	Belinostat also increased the expression of p21 and decreased the expression of potentially oncogenic proteins (mutant p53 and ERG).	belinostat	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
18201741-9	2008	Furthermore, arsenite and hyperthermia treatments activated a p53/p21 pathway associated with apoptosis induction, whereas vincristine did not activate this pathway.	arsenite	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
18337644-11	2008	Consistent with the cell cycle arrest, simvastatin caused an increase in the mRNA levels of p21 and p27 on G361 and MMAc cells.	Simvastatin	39-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
18276780-6	2008	Transcriptosome profiling demonstrated that redoxal and stavudine acted synergistically to induce CDKN2A and p21, indicating cell cycle arrest in G1, as well as genes involved in intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis.	Stavudine	56-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
18077097-3	2008	In turn, LacCer activates an "oxygen-sensitive" signaling pathway involving superoxides, nitric oxide, p21 Ras GTP loading, kinase cascade, PI3kinase/Akt activation, nuclear factor up-regulation ultimately contributing to phenotypic changes such as cell proliferation, adhesion, migration and angiogenesis.	Oxygen	30-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
18181020-6	2008	In addition, ellipticine increased the nuclear localization of endogenous p53 in HCT116 colon cancer cells with a resultant increase in the transactivation of the p21 promoter.	ellipticine	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
17721990-8	2008	Pretreatment with nitric oxide (NO) scavengers could inhibit 5 microM MG/20 mM glucose-induced cytochrome c release, decrease activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and increase the gene expression and protein levels of p53 and p21, which are known to be involved in apoptotic signaling.	Nitric Oxide	18-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
18323654-6	2008	Consequently, quercetin stimulated p21 expression and suppressed cyclin D1 expression in favor of cell cycle arrest.	Quercetin	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
17721990-8	2008	Pretreatment with nitric oxide (NO) scavengers could inhibit 5 microM MG/20 mM glucose-induced cytochrome c release, decrease activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and increase the gene expression and protein levels of p53 and p21, which are known to be involved in apoptotic signaling.	Glucose	79-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
17721990-9	2008	Inhibition of p53 protein expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) blocked the activation of p21 and the cell apoptosis induced by 5 microM MG/20 mM glucose.	Glucose	155-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
17996025-3	2008	Many gamma-secretase substrates are coupled to intracellular signaling events such as cAMP-response element binding protein and Rac1/p21-activated kinase pathways, which are associated with synaptic function.	Cyclic AMP	86-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
17724473-2	2008	P-TEFb (positive transcription elongation factor b) inhibitors such as flavopiridol or 4-amino-6-hydrazino-7-b-d-ribofuranosyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide (ARC) upregulate p53 protein levels, but inhibit the expression of its targets p21 and hdm2.	4-amino-6-hydrazino-7-b-d-ribofuranosyl-7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide	87-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	249-252
18375874-5	2008	Second, t-BHP treatment alone resulted in an increase in the protein levels of P16 and P21, and a decline in intracellular adenosine 5"-triphosphate (ATP) level and mitochondrial complex IV activity.	tert-Butylhydroperoxide	8-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
18067855-0	2008	Chloride ions control the G1/S cell-cycle checkpoint by regulating the expression of p21 through a p53-independent pathway in human gastric cancer cells.	Chlorides	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
18023527-8	2008	Treatment with D2O in combination with dFdC significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased the induction of apoptosis in PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells and led to an overexpression of p21 tumor suppressor gene compared to incubation with dFdC alone.	Deuterium Oxide	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
18023527-8	2008	Treatment with D2O in combination with dFdC significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased the induction of apoptosis in PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells and led to an overexpression of p21 tumor suppressor gene compared to incubation with dFdC alone.	gemcitabine	39-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
18023527-8	2008	Treatment with D2O in combination with dFdC significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased the induction of apoptosis in PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells and led to an overexpression of p21 tumor suppressor gene compared to incubation with dFdC alone.	gemcitabine	220-224	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
18067855-5	2008	These observations indicate that chloride ions play important roles in cell-cycle progression by regulating the expression of p21 through a p53-independent pathway in human gastric cancer cells, leading to a novel, unique therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer treatment via control of [Cl(-)](i).	Chlorides	33-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
17653574-0	2008	Bendamustine induces G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in myeloma cells: the role of ATM-Chk2-Cdc25A and ATM-p53-p21-pathways.	Bendamustine Hydrochloride	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
17644301-0	2008	Romidepsin (depsipeptide) induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and histone hyperacetylation in lung carcinoma cells (A549) are associated with increase in p21 and hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma proteins expression.	romidepsin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
17644301-0	2008	Romidepsin (depsipeptide) induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and histone hyperacetylation in lung carcinoma cells (A549) are associated with increase in p21 and hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma proteins expression.	Depsipeptides	12-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
18163657-7	2008	The O/W nanodroplets cause the formation of needlelike dihydrate crystals with monoclinic unit cell and P21/c space group.	dihydrate	55-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-109
17849419-4	2008	RNAi-induced reduction of HDAC3 in SW480 cells increased their constitutive, butyrate-, TSA-, and TNF-alpha-induced expression of p21, but did not cause all the gene expression changes induced upon general histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition.	Butyrates	77-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
18230104-6	2008	RESULTS: The mRNA expression of p21 was significantly higher in the cyclosporine A group than in the control group.	Cyclosporine	68-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
18230104-7	2008	A greater number of positive anti-p21-stained cells were observed in the gingival epithelium of the cyclosporine A group than in the control group.	Cyclosporine	100-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
18230104-8	2008	Significantly higher levels of p21 protein and activity were observed in OECM1 cells after cyclosporine A treatment than in cells without treatment.	Cyclosporine	91-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
18230104-10	2008	CONCLUSION: In the present study, higher p21 mRNA and protein expressions were observed after cyclosporine A treatment.	Cyclosporine	94-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
18230104-11	2008	Thus, an up-regulation of p21 expression, via a p53-independent pathway, by cyclosporine A in gingival and oral epithelial cells was suggested.	Cyclosporine	76-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
17849419-4	2008	RNAi-induced reduction of HDAC3 in SW480 cells increased their constitutive, butyrate-, TSA-, and TNF-alpha-induced expression of p21, but did not cause all the gene expression changes induced upon general histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition.	trichostatin A	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
18382329-8	2008	2-Aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid treatment not only suppressed deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in association with the up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 but also enhanced apoptosis with caspase activation, thereby exerting both cytostatic and cytocidal effects in glioma cells with high LAT1 expression levels.	2-aminobicyclo(2,2,1)heptane-2-carboxylic acid	0-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
17989348-3	2008	beta-CDODA-Me induced p21 and p27, down-regulated cyclin D1 protein expression, and induced two other proapoptotic proteins, namely nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene-1 and activating transcription factor-3.	beta-cdoda-me	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
17918159-6	2008	Expressions of p27(kip1) and p21(cip1) were significantly increased in LNCaP cells treated with naftopidil.	naftopidil	96-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
18155142-8	2008	The expression of p53, p21 and Mdm2 in both cytotrophoblast and stromal cells was increased following culture in 1% O(2).	Oxygen	116-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
18154926-9	2008	In order to define the components through which NMDA or H(2)O(2) induce the final elements of these pathways, p21 and c-jun, we have performed a detailed functional analysis of c-jun and p21 promoters following plasmid transfection.	N-Methylaspartate	48-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
18154926-9	2008	In order to define the components through which NMDA or H(2)O(2) induce the final elements of these pathways, p21 and c-jun, we have performed a detailed functional analysis of c-jun and p21 promoters following plasmid transfection.	N-Methylaspartate	48-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
18154926-9	2008	In order to define the components through which NMDA or H(2)O(2) induce the final elements of these pathways, p21 and c-jun, we have performed a detailed functional analysis of c-jun and p21 promoters following plasmid transfection.	Hydrogen Peroxide	56-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
18154926-9	2008	In order to define the components through which NMDA or H(2)O(2) induce the final elements of these pathways, p21 and c-jun, we have performed a detailed functional analysis of c-jun and p21 promoters following plasmid transfection.	Hydrogen Peroxide	56-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
18154926-10	2008	Both p21 and c-jun were activated after NMDA treatment, but this activation was abolished after H(2)O(2) treatment.	N-Methylaspartate	40-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
18154926-11	2008	We conclude that NMDA induces an early effect that involves activation of p53, ERK, PAK1, p21 and c-jun.	N-Methylaspartate	17-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
17918159-7	2008	In PC-3 cells, naftopidil induced p21(cip1) but not p27(kip1).	naftopidil	15-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
18172270-14	2008	DP enhanced acetylation of histone H4, increased p21 expression in lung cancer cells, and seemed to shift global gene expression profiles in these cells toward those detected in normal bronchial epithelia.	dp	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
18223228-7	2008	Immunoblot and immunohistochemical analysis was used to assess the effect of flavopiridol on cyclin D1 and p21 expression in vitro and in vivo, respectively.	alvocidib	77-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
18223228-10	2008	Flavopiridol (at 7.5 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the growth of xenografted rhabdoid tumors, and its effect was correlated with the induction of p21 and down-modulation of cyclin D1.	alvocidib	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
18196959-0	2008	Effects of estradiol and medroxyprogesterone acetate on expression of the cell cycle proteins cyclin D1, p21 and p27 in cultured human breast tissues.	Estradiol	11-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
18196959-0	2008	Effects of estradiol and medroxyprogesterone acetate on expression of the cell cycle proteins cyclin D1, p21 and p27 in cultured human breast tissues.	Medroxyprogesterone Acetate	25-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
18196959-11	2008	The level of p21 was lower (p &lt; 0.001) in pre-HBT than in postm-HBT, whereas p27 levels were higher (p &lt; 0.05) in pre-HBT than in postm- and peritum-HBT.	hbt	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
18196959-11	2008	The level of p21 was lower (p &lt; 0.001) in pre-HBT than in postm-HBT, whereas p27 levels were higher (p &lt; 0.05) in pre-HBT than in postm- and peritum-HBT.	hbt	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
18196959-11	2008	The level of p21 was lower (p &lt; 0.001) in pre-HBT than in postm-HBT, whereas p27 levels were higher (p &lt; 0.05) in pre-HBT than in postm- and peritum-HBT.	hbt	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
18196959-11	2008	The level of p21 was lower (p &lt; 0.001) in pre-HBT than in postm-HBT, whereas p27 levels were higher (p &lt; 0.05) in pre-HBT than in postm- and peritum-HBT.	hbt	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
19005580-4	2008	The smenospongine treatment increased expression of p21 and inhibited phosphorylation of Rb in K562 cells, suggesting the p21-Rb pathway play an important role in G1 arrest in K562 cells.	smenospongine	4-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
17943175-3	2008	Here, we provide further evidence that ABT-869 treatment significantly downregulates cyclins D and E but increases the expression of p21 and p27.	2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
19005580-4	2008	The smenospongine treatment increased expression of p21 and inhibited phosphorylation of Rb in K562 cells, suggesting the p21-Rb pathway play an important role in G1 arrest in K562 cells.	smenospongine	4-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
19005580-6	2008	Smenospongine might induce p21 expression via another mechanism than transactivation of p21 promoter.	smenospongine	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
19005580-6	2008	Smenospongine might induce p21 expression via another mechanism than transactivation of p21 promoter.	smenospongine	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
18725985-6	2008	15d-PGJ(2) induced the expression of CDK inhibitor p21 protein in human chondrosarcoma cells, which appears to be involved in the mechanism of inhibition of cell proliferation.	15d-pgj	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
19112505-8	2008	The induction of p21 was mediated by increased level of phosphorylated p53 at ser-15.	Serine	78-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
18094076-7	2008	Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed preferential association of c-Jun with the p21 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) gene promoter after vinblastine treatment.	Vinblastine	142-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
18094076-8	2008	In KB-3 cells, which have compromised p53 function, and in p53-null cells but not in p53 wild-type cells, vinblastine caused down-regulation of p21 expression concomitant with increased c-Jun expression, suggesting a role for c-Jun in negative regulation of the p21 promoter independent of p53.	Vinblastine	106-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
18094076-8	2008	In KB-3 cells, which have compromised p53 function, and in p53-null cells but not in p53 wild-type cells, vinblastine caused down-regulation of p21 expression concomitant with increased c-Jun expression, suggesting a role for c-Jun in negative regulation of the p21 promoter independent of p53.	Vinblastine	106-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	262-265
18094076-9	2008	These results provide strong evidence that c-Jun induction in response to vinblastine plays a proapoptotic role in part via down-regulation of p21, promoting cycling and subsequent cell death of mitotically impaired cells.	Vinblastine	74-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
18999881-9	2008	Radiosensitizing effect of VA is not caused by abrogation of G2/M cell cycle arrest, but VA induces p21 and leads to differentiation of HL-60 cells.	Valproic Acid	27-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
18999881-9	2008	Radiosensitizing effect of VA is not caused by abrogation of G2/M cell cycle arrest, but VA induces p21 and leads to differentiation of HL-60 cells.	Valproic Acid	89-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
18089808-3	2007	The protection was associated with suppression of the doxorubicin-induced senescence, where Hsp27 inhibited p53-mediated induction of p21, the major regulator of the senescence program.	Doxorubicin	54-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
18089834-6	2007	Using a human nontumorigenic mammary gland epithelial cell line, MCF10A, we confirm that in the absence of detectable DNA damage, chloroquine activates the tumor-suppressor p53 and the p53 downstream target gene p21, resulting in G(1) cell cycle arrest.	Chloroquine	130-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	212-215
18056187-14	2007	Baseline p21(waf) expression was associated with response to erlotinib and so might be useful as a tool to select patients for erlotinib therapy in this setting.	Erlotinib Hydrochloride	61-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
17916909-8	2007	Silibinin strongly increased phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors) levels but moderately decreased Bcl-2 and survivin levels.	Silybin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
17916909-11	2007	At molecular level, silibinin increased IGFBP-3, Cip1/p21, Kip1/p27 levels and ERK1/2 activation and decreased Bcl-2, survivin and VEGF levels in tumors.	Silybin	20-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
18031612-10	2007	The expressions of p21 and p53 was upregulated with PAB treatment, and cyclin B1 was upregulated and transported from the cytoplasm to nuclei, and sustained stable levels.	pseudolaric acid B	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
17904874-5	2007	Prolonged SP600125 treatment downregulated p21, Bax and Mdm2 expression, but increased the level of the cellular p53-Mdm2 complex.	pyrazolanthrone	10-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
17904874-6	2007	Taken together, we show that SP600125 could induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and endoreduplication in a p21 independent manner, and that SP600125 could also post-translationally modify p53 to modify its function.	pyrazolanthrone	29-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
18056187-14	2007	Baseline p21(waf) expression was associated with response to erlotinib and so might be useful as a tool to select patients for erlotinib therapy in this setting.	Erlotinib Hydrochloride	127-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
18006776-4	2007	RESULTS: PPARgamma is overexpressed in ACHN cells and barely detectable in 786-0 cells, and treatment with DIM-C-pPhtBu induces proteasome-dependent degradation of cyclin D1 and variable effects on p21 and p27 expression in both cell lines.	1,1-bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(4-t-butylphenyl)methane	107-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
17945324-9	2007	In our present study, reduced p21 and Gadd45a expressions and increased centrosomal abnormality (atopic and multiple centrosomes) were observed in both arsenite-treated H1355 and p53-inhibited BEAS-2B cells as compared with similarly treated BEAS-2B cells.	arsenite	152-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
18088464-6	2007	The p21, survivin, cdc2 and Wee1Hu genes may be related to the differentiation and/or apoptosis of NB4 cells induced by As2O3.	Arsenic Trioxide	120-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
18088464-7	2007	It is concluded that p21, survivin, cdc2 and Wee1Hu may play an important role in the mechanism underling arsenic trioxide-mediated NB4 cell apoptosis.	Arsenic Trioxide	106-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
17888568-3	2007	Both POH and PA elicited dose-dependent cytotoxicity, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis with increasing expression of bax, p21 and caspase-3 activity in both the cell lines.	perillyl alcohol	5-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
17888568-3	2007	Both POH and PA elicited dose-dependent cytotoxicity, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis with increasing expression of bax, p21 and caspase-3 activity in both the cell lines.	perillic acid	13-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
18006756-7	2007	Although doxorubicin failed to induce TP53 expression or functional activity, quinacrine induced TP53 mRNA and protein expression, increased TP53 reporter activity and p21 protein expression, and induced growth inhibition in these wild-type TP53 cell lines.	Quinacrine	78-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
17884124-6	2007	CdCl(2) and the low-dose combined treatment inhibited mesenchymal proliferation at 12 h, which was associated with induction of p21(cip1) and inhibition of phospho-c-Jun.	cdcl	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
17893511-8	2007	p27 levels were slightly decreased, whereas p53 and p21 levels were significantly upregulated in doxorubicin-treated MCF-7 cells.	Doxorubicin	97-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
17996705-3	2007	Here we show that the acetylation of two lysine residues in p53 promotes recruitment of the TFIID subunit TAF1 to the p21 promoter through its bromodomains.	Lysine	41-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
17996705-4	2007	UV irradiation of cells diacetylates p53 at lysines 373 and 382, which in turn recruits TAF1 to a distal p53-binding site on the p21 promoter prior to looping to the core promoter.	Lysine	44-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
17959036-7	2007	IFNalpha markedly upregulated p53, Bax, Mdm2, and p21, downregulated Bcl-2, and activated caspase-3 and PARP cleavage in response to doxorubicin in U2OS cells.	Doxorubicin	133-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
18056950-4	2007	Maintenance of WI38 and IMR90 cells in 1.5% or 3% O(2) concentration significantly delayed the appearance of replicative senescence compared to cells grown in 20% O(2), induced the hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, and resulted in reduced expression levels of the key cell cycle modulators, namely p21 and p16.	Oxygen	50-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	297-300
17724373-6	2007	The results clearly demonstrated that both CN-BA and CN-BA-Me activated PPARgamma-dependent responses in colon (caveolin-1) and pancreatic (p21) cancer cells, whereas induction of KLF4 by these compounds in colon cancer cells was PPARgamma independent and also dependent on cell context.	cn	43-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
17516137-6	2007	Through interfering with the cell cycle of tumor cells, PS may induce apoptosis by downregulating the expression level of cyclin D1 and upregulating the level of p21 protein.	Polysaccharides	56-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
18226366-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphism of P53, P21, CCND1 and susceptibility of chromosomal damage induced by vinyl chloride monomer (VCM).	Vinyl Chloride	139-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
17822515-6	2007	This article discusses three cellular regulators (p53, p21 and TRAIL) induced in synovial tissue that are important for iron metabolism.	Iron	120-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
17957141-6	2007	The CDK-inhibitor p21 was classified as a Class I gene, being significantly activated under cell cycle arrest conditions (i.e. doxorubicin and Nutlin-3) but not during UVC-induced apoptosis.	Doxorubicin	127-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
17957141-6	2007	The CDK-inhibitor p21 was classified as a Class I gene, being significantly activated under cell cycle arrest conditions (i.e. doxorubicin and Nutlin-3) but not during UVC-induced apoptosis.	nutlin 3	143-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
17914575-8	2007	To demonstrate the degree of loss of function, functional assays in yeast and bacteria with oligonucleotides for competitive electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) were done proving that this mutation decreases TP53 ability to bind DNA of the TP53 response element from the human p21 gene.	Oligonucleotides	92-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	287-290
17595331-4	2007	Many attributes of primitive HSCs in the low-oxygenic osteoblastic niche, such as quiescence, and calcium receptor, N-cadherin, Notch1, and p21 are higher in the ROS(low) population.	Reactive Oxygen Species	162-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
17879397-5	2007	Silibinin-reduced HuH7 cell growth was associated with significantly up-regulated p21/CDK4 and p27/CDK4 complexes, down-regulated Rb-phosphorylation and E2F1/DP1 complex.	Silybin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
17624594-8	2007	Western blot analyses showed that while pretreatment of TEA and Tet produced an increase in expressions of p53, p21, and Bax, pretreatment of these two agents led to a decrease in expressions of heat shock protein (hsp)90alpha, hsp90beta, and hsp70.	Tetraethylammonium	56-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
17624594-8	2007	Western blot analyses showed that while pretreatment of TEA and Tet produced an increase in expressions of p53, p21, and Bax, pretreatment of these two agents led to a decrease in expressions of heat shock protein (hsp)90alpha, hsp90beta, and hsp70.	tetrandrine	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
17845507-4	2007	Western blot assay showed that chalcone significantly increases the expression of p21 and p27 proteins, and decreases the levels of cyclin B1, cyclin A and Cdc2, thereby contributing to cell cycle arrest.	Chalcone	31-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
17803520-7	2007	Moreover, incubation with melatonin induces a decrease in p21 expression in these cells that is partially blocked by co-incubation with TPA.	Melatonin	26-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
17803520-7	2007	Moreover, incubation with melatonin induces a decrease in p21 expression in these cells that is partially blocked by co-incubation with TPA.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	136-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
17696482-10	2007	Pterostilbene increased the p53, p21, p27, and p16 proteins and decreased levels of cyclin A, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2), Cdk4, and Cdk6, but the expression of cyclin D1 was not affected.	pterostilbene	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
17397922-2	2007	Treatment of K562 cells with IQDMA resulted in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, presumably involving the concomitant up-regulation of p21 and apoptosis through up-regulation of FasL and sequential activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3.	N'-(11H-indolo(3,2-c)quinolin-6-yl)-N,N-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine	29-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
17397922-5	2007	Further investigation showed that SP600125 reduced the activation of FasL, caspase-3, caspase-8, and led to a marked decline of p21.	pyrazolanthrone	34-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
17951408-5	2007	The p53-small interfering RNA transfection into the hOGG1-deficient GM00637 markedly inhibited the H(2)O(2)-induced activation of p53-downstream target proteins such as p21, Noxa, and caspase-3/7, which eventually resulted in the increased cell viability.	gm00637	68-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
17951408-5	2007	The p53-small interfering RNA transfection into the hOGG1-deficient GM00637 markedly inhibited the H(2)O(2)-induced activation of p53-downstream target proteins such as p21, Noxa, and caspase-3/7, which eventually resulted in the increased cell viability.	Hydrogen Peroxide	99-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
17938262-5	2007	Exposure of PC-3 and LNCaP cells to honokiol resulted in the induction of p21 (PC-3 and LNCaP) and p53 protein expression (LNCaP).	honokiol	36-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
17938263-0	2007	p21 and p27 induction by silibinin is essential for its cell cycle arrest effect in prostate carcinoma cells.	Silybin	25-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
17938263-1	2007	Recent studies have shown that silibinin induces p21/Cip1 and p27/Kip1 and G1 arrest in different prostate cancer cells irrespective of p53 status; however, biological significance and mechanism of such induction have not been studied.	Silybin	31-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
17938263-5	2007	Next, studies were done to examine mechanisms of their induction where cycloheximide-chase experiments showed that silibinin increases p21 and p27 protein half-life.	Silybin	115-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
17938263-8	2007	Further, silibinin caused a marked increase in p21 and p27 mRNA levels together with an increase in their promoter activity, also indicating a transcriptional mechanism.	Silybin	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
17938263-9	2007	Together, our results for the first time identify a central role of p21 and p27 induction and their regulatory mechanism in silibinin-mediated cell cycle arrest.	Silybin	124-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
17626009-7	2007	Molecular mediators on the way from increased ROS levels to the observed growth arrest include p38 MAPK, p53, and p21.	Reactive Oxygen Species	46-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
17875686-6	2007	We showed that the induction of p21 by HDACi was significantly impaired in HKe-3 cells with silenced STAT1 expression and showed that the ability of butyrate to activate p21 transcription was diminished in STAT1-deficient HKe-3 cells.	Butyrates	149-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
17875686-7	2007	Finally, we used cells with targeted deletion of p21 to confirm that p21 protects cells from butyrate-induced apoptosis, strongly suggesting that in these cells STAT1 deficiency promotes butyrate-induced apoptosis through impaired induction of p21.	Butyrates	93-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
17875686-7	2007	Finally, we used cells with targeted deletion of p21 to confirm that p21 protects cells from butyrate-induced apoptosis, strongly suggesting that in these cells STAT1 deficiency promotes butyrate-induced apoptosis through impaired induction of p21.	Butyrates	93-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
17875686-6	2007	We showed that the induction of p21 by HDACi was significantly impaired in HKe-3 cells with silenced STAT1 expression and showed that the ability of butyrate to activate p21 transcription was diminished in STAT1-deficient HKe-3 cells.	Butyrates	149-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
17458894-6	2007	The efficacy of docetaxel and Iressa differed in the three cell lines and an important synergistic interaction was observed with the sequence 1-h docetaxel --&gt; 72-h Iressa during which Iressa doubled the fraction of docetaxel-induced apoptotic cells, amplifying a caspase-dependent apoptosis and inhibiting docetaxel-induced p21 hyperexpression.	Docetaxel	16-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	328-331
17404572-8	2007	The inability of overexpressed p18 Bax to locate to the nucleus, and the As(2)O(3)-induced reduction of p21 Bax in the cytosol, suggest an As(2)O(3)-induced mechanism where p18 Bax gets cleaved and "trapped" in the nucleus.	(2)o(3)	75-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
17404572-8	2007	The inability of overexpressed p18 Bax to locate to the nucleus, and the As(2)O(3)-induced reduction of p21 Bax in the cytosol, suggest an As(2)O(3)-induced mechanism where p18 Bax gets cleaved and "trapped" in the nucleus.	Arsenic Trioxide	73-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
17700259-10	2007	The carbon ions had a stronger effect on p53 and p21 expression than the gamma-ray irradiation.	Carbon	4-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
17458894-6	2007	The efficacy of docetaxel and Iressa differed in the three cell lines and an important synergistic interaction was observed with the sequence 1-h docetaxel --&gt; 72-h Iressa during which Iressa doubled the fraction of docetaxel-induced apoptotic cells, amplifying a caspase-dependent apoptosis and inhibiting docetaxel-induced p21 hyperexpression.	Docetaxel	146-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	328-331
17458894-6	2007	The efficacy of docetaxel and Iressa differed in the three cell lines and an important synergistic interaction was observed with the sequence 1-h docetaxel --&gt; 72-h Iressa during which Iressa doubled the fraction of docetaxel-induced apoptotic cells, amplifying a caspase-dependent apoptosis and inhibiting docetaxel-induced p21 hyperexpression.	Docetaxel	146-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	328-331
17458894-6	2007	The efficacy of docetaxel and Iressa differed in the three cell lines and an important synergistic interaction was observed with the sequence 1-h docetaxel --&gt; 72-h Iressa during which Iressa doubled the fraction of docetaxel-induced apoptotic cells, amplifying a caspase-dependent apoptosis and inhibiting docetaxel-induced p21 hyperexpression.	Docetaxel	146-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	328-331
17390104-5	2007	We found that rapamysin inhibited ACNU-induced p21 induction, and knocking down of p21 protein by siRNA enhanced ACNU-induced apoptosis in U251MG cells.	Nimustine	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
17390104-5	2007	We found that rapamysin inhibited ACNU-induced p21 induction, and knocking down of p21 protein by siRNA enhanced ACNU-induced apoptosis in U251MG cells.	Nimustine	113-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
17655223-2	2007	K(UO2)(SO4)(OH)(H2O) (KUS1) crystallizes in space group P21/c, a = 8.0521(4) A, b = 7.9354(4) A, c = 11.3177(6) A, beta = 107.6780(10) degrees , V = 689.01(6) A3, and Z = 4.	uo2	2-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-61
17632540-8	2007	Furthermore, the inhibition of CaMKII decreased membrane-bound Tiam1 and GTP-bound Rac1, which are known to be involved in p21 expression and tumor growth in a variety of solid malignant neoplasms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
17609657-6	2007	We speculate that the higher rate of differentiation exhibited by the CD cells is due to the up-regulation of follistatin, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha), p21, and the myogenic genes, and the down-regulation of TGF-beta1 and myostatin.	Cadmium	70-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-209
17655223-2	2007	K(UO2)(SO4)(OH)(H2O) (KUS1) crystallizes in space group P21/c, a = 8.0521(4) A, b = 7.9354(4) A, c = 11.3177(6) A, beta = 107.6780(10) degrees , V = 689.01(6) A3, and Z = 4.	Water	16-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-61
17507429-6	2007	Testosterone reduced protein levels of cyclins D(1) and E and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein while elevating levels of p21(cip1) and p27(kip1).	Testosterone	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
17699787-5	2007	Relative to indole-3-carbinol, OSU-A9 displays a striking qualitative similarity in its effects on the phosphorylation or expression of multiple signaling targets, including Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinases, Bcl-2 family members, survivin, nuclear factor-kappaB, cyclin D1, p21, and p27.	osu-a9	31-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	280-283
17606321-10	2007	Treatment of the cells with either SPC or wortmannin increased the levels of p21, but decreased that of cyclin B1 and Cdc2.	Wortmannin	42-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
17766653-4	2007	Western blot analysis revealed degradation of cyclin D1 and an increase in cyclin-dependent kinases p21 and p27 with VPA treatment.	Valproic Acid	117-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
17559811-7	2007	The major role of the p53-p21 pathway in oxaliplatin sensitivity was confirmed in the p53 wild-type HCT116 cell line, using siRNA duplex, and knockdown of the TAp73 protein also enhanced resistance to oxaliplatin in this cell line.	Oxaliplatin	41-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
17256134-8	2007	PB + CRA induced p21 expression and cell-cycle arrest in G1 phase, while TX and DOXO induced G2/M arrest.	Phenylbutyrates	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
17611411-4	2007	This sensitization of cisplatin-induced apoptosis was associated with upregulation of p53, Bax and p21 in U2OS cells.	Cisplatin	22-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
17695552-3	2007	Western blot analysis was used to study celecoxib effects on the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), p53, p21, 14-3-4sigma, Bcl-2 and Bax.	Celecoxib	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
17762396-5	2007	Bortezomib produced significant growth inhibition in these cells (mean IC50 values: 1.26, 9.44 and 8.63 micromol/l, respectively) and was also observed to decrease the activity of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Akt signal pathways, increasing the accumulation of p21.	Bortezomib	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	282-285
17389612-4	2007	In the studies examining changes in cell cycle and apoptosis regulators, isosilybin B and isosilybin A resulted in a decrease in the levels of both cyclins (D1, D3, E and A) and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk2, Cdk4 and cell division cycle 25A), but caused an increase in p21, p27 and p53 levels, except in 22Rv1 cells where isosilybin B caused a decrease in p21 protein level.	isosilybin A	73-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	271-274
17389612-4	2007	In the studies examining changes in cell cycle and apoptosis regulators, isosilybin B and isosilybin A resulted in a decrease in the levels of both cyclins (D1, D3, E and A) and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk2, Cdk4 and cell division cycle 25A), but caused an increase in p21, p27 and p53 levels, except in 22Rv1 cells where isosilybin B caused a decrease in p21 protein level.	isosilybin A	73-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	358-361
17389612-4	2007	In the studies examining changes in cell cycle and apoptosis regulators, isosilybin B and isosilybin A resulted in a decrease in the levels of both cyclins (D1, D3, E and A) and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk2, Cdk4 and cell division cycle 25A), but caused an increase in p21, p27 and p53 levels, except in 22Rv1 cells where isosilybin B caused a decrease in p21 protein level.	isosilybin A	90-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	271-274
17389612-4	2007	In the studies examining changes in cell cycle and apoptosis regulators, isosilybin B and isosilybin A resulted in a decrease in the levels of both cyclins (D1, D3, E and A) and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk2, Cdk4 and cell division cycle 25A), but caused an increase in p21, p27 and p53 levels, except in 22Rv1 cells where isosilybin B caused a decrease in p21 protein level.	isosilybin A	90-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	358-361
20535395-7	2007	Further western blot analysis showed that ascorbic acid treatment decreased levels of p53, phospho-p53 at ser 15, and p21, indicating that ascorbic acid relieved senescence-related G1 arrest.	Ascorbic Acid	139-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
17185354-6	2007	Expression of p21 was determined by real-time PCR in Barrett"s oesophagus cell lines with or without LCA.	Lithocholic Acid	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
17185354-11	2007	LCA and ATRA caused a synergistic increase in RA signalling as shown by increased p21 (p&lt;0.01).	Lithocholic Acid	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
17185354-11	2007	LCA and ATRA caused a synergistic increase in RA signalling as shown by increased p21 (p&lt;0.01).	Tretinoin	8-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
17185354-11	2007	LCA and ATRA caused a synergistic increase in RA signalling as shown by increased p21 (p&lt;0.01).	Tretinoin	10-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
20535395-7	2007	Further western blot analysis showed that ascorbic acid treatment decreased levels of p53, phospho-p53 at ser 15, and p21, indicating that ascorbic acid relieved senescence-related G1 arrest.	Ascorbic Acid	42-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
17475222-5	2007	Guggulsterone suppressed the proliferation of cells through inhibition of DNA synthesis, producing cell cycle arrest in S-phase, and this arrest correlated with a decrease in the levels of cyclin D1 and cdc2 and a concomitant increase in the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and p27.	pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	286-289
17672346-3	2007	RESULT: ASMq flavonoids significantly inhibited growth of HepG2 cells in vitro, arrested HepG2 in the sub-G, phase, induced cell apoptosis and significantly down-regulated expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA, and up-regulated expression of p53, p21, Bax gene mRNA expressions.	asmq flavonoids	8-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
17477906-0	2007	Cytoplasmic localization and ubiquitination of p21(Cip1) by reactive oxygen species.	Reactive Oxygen Species	60-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
17477906-1	2007	Reactive oxygen species were previously shown to trigger p21(Cip1) protein degradation through a proteasome-dependent pathway, however the detailed mechanism of degradation remains to be elucidated.	Reactive Oxygen Species	0-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
17477906-2	2007	In this report, we showed that p21(Cip1) was degraded at an early phase after low dose H(2)O(2) treatment of a variety of cell types and that preincubation of cells with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, prolonged p21(Cip1) half-life.	Hydrogen Peroxide	87-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
17477906-2	2007	In this report, we showed that p21(Cip1) was degraded at an early phase after low dose H(2)O(2) treatment of a variety of cell types and that preincubation of cells with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, prolonged p21(Cip1) half-life.	Acetylcysteine	187-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
17477906-3	2007	A mutant p21(Cip1) in which all six lysines were changed to arginines was protected against H(2)O(2) treatment.	Lysine	36-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
17477906-3	2007	A mutant p21(Cip1) in which all six lysines were changed to arginines was protected against H(2)O(2) treatment.	Arginine	60-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
17477906-5	2007	Disruption of the two nuclear export signal (NES) sequences in p21(Cip1), or treatment with leptomycin B blocked H(2)O(2)-induced p21(Cip1) degradation.	leptomycin B	92-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
17477906-6	2007	Altogether, these results demonstrate that reactive oxygen species induce p21(Cip1) degradation through an NES-, Skp2-, and ubiquitin-dependent pathway.	Reactive Oxygen Species	43-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
17148504-4	2007	Our findings have shown that Astragalus saponins (AST) inhibit cell proliferation through accumulation in S phase and G2/M arrest, with concomitant suppression of p21 expression and inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase activity.	Saponins	40-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
17314138-6	2007	Conversely, its interaction with a key cysteine residue on p21(ras), led to its activation, an obligatory activity for AS101-induced neuronal differentiation.	Cysteine	39-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
17314138-6	2007	Conversely, its interaction with a key cysteine residue on p21(ras), led to its activation, an obligatory activity for AS101-induced neuronal differentiation.	ammonium trichloro(dioxoethylene-O,O'-)tellurate	119-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
17371838-3	2007	Treatment of cells with doxorubicin causes phosphorylation and acetylation of p53, transcriptional upregulation of p21 and other target genes, and growth arrest.	Doxorubicin	24-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
17224908-6	2007	Proteasome inhibition by MG132 increases the occupancy of p53 protein at p53-responsive p21(waf1) promoter.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	25-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
17428261-6	2007	The inhibitory effect of simvastatin on cell proliferation seemed to be associated with cell cycle arrest and increased expression of p21, p27, and activated caspase-3.	Simvastatin	25-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
17441809-0	2007	Vitamin K2 inhibits the proliferation of HepG2 cells by up-regulating the transcription of p21 gene.	Vitamin K 2	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
17464423-8	2007	The present results demonstrate that TIMP-1 may be one of the mediators that regulate the inhibitory effect of IL-6 on BEL-7402 proliferation in which STAT3 signal transduction and p21 up-regulation also play important roles.	bel-7402	119-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
17485089-5	2007	In addition, our immunoblot data revealed that DHMC treatment led to down-regulation of Bcl-xl, Bax, p21, Cox-2, p53 and upregulation of c-Myc.	7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin	47-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
17504227-6	2007	Moreover, while nutlin-3 up-regulated the expression of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p21, a p53-target gene mediating cell cycle block and showing anti-apoptotic activity, the simultaneous addition of TRAIL plus nutlin-3 induced the caspase-dependent cleavage of p21.	nutlin 3	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
17504227-6	2007	Moreover, while nutlin-3 up-regulated the expression of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p21, a p53-target gene mediating cell cycle block and showing anti-apoptotic activity, the simultaneous addition of TRAIL plus nutlin-3 induced the caspase-dependent cleavage of p21.	nutlin 3	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	268-271
17437483-3	2007	GSP-induced inhibition of cell proliferation was associated with an increase in G1-phase arrest at 24 h, which was mediated through the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) Cdk2, Cdk4, Cdk6 and cyclins D1, D2 and E and simultaneous increase in protein expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (Cdki), Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27, and enhanced binding of Cdki-Cdk.	Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	322-325
17441809-6	2007	Whether vitamin K2 regulates the gene expression through action on the p21 promoter region was investigated by luciferase assay.	Vitamin K 2	8-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
17441809-10	2007	The expression of cell cycle regulatory protein p21 was induced by vitamin K2 treatment, but p27 was not.	Vitamin K 2	67-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
17441809-11	2007	By the luciferase assay, vitamin K2 significantly activated the promoter of p21.	Vitamin K 2	25-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
17441809-12	2007	Knock-down of p21 by siRNA reversed the growth inhibition of HepG2 cells by vitamin K2.	Vitamin K 2	76-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
17441809-13	2007	CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that vitamin K2 suppresses the proliferation of HCC cells by blocking the cell cycle G1/S progression through the transcriptional induction of p21.	Vitamin K 2	39-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
17513606-4	2007	We found that Tubocapsanolide A treatment led to up-regulation of cyclin E, p21, and p27, whereas other cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases were not affected in A549 cells.	tubocapsanolide	14-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
17390014-8	2007	However, the apoptosis-related proteins such as p21 and Bax were overexpressed by As4O6.	Arsenic Trioxide	82-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
17388562-7	2007	25 GPa, there is a phase transition of ammonium cyanate (from tetragonal P4/nmm to monoclinic P21/m) involving a rearrangement of the ammonium cyanate molecules.	ammonium cyanate	39-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-99
17388562-7	2007	25 GPa, there is a phase transition of ammonium cyanate (from tetragonal P4/nmm to monoclinic P21/m) involving a rearrangement of the ammonium cyanate molecules.	ammonium cyanate	134-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-99
17388562-9	2007	The crystalline phase of urea obtained above 535 GPa also has P21/m symmetry (Z = 2).	Urea	25-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-67
17440101-0	2007	p53 and p21 determine the sensitivity of noscapine-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells.	Noscapine	41-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
17440101-3	2007	In this study, we compared chemosensitivity, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis on noscapine treatment in four cell lines derived from the colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells: p53(+/+) (p53-wt), p53(-/-) (p53-null), p21(-/-) (p21-null), and BAX(-/-) (BAX-null).	Noscapine	87-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	218-221
17335275-6	2007	Crystals of trans-bis(2,2"-dioxybiphenyl)tetrachloro-cyclotetraphosphazene were obtained in two different space groups: Pnna (orthorhombic) and P21/n (monoclinic).	trans-bis(2,2"-dioxybiphenyl)tetrachloro-cyclotetraphosphazene	12-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
17440101-3	2007	In this study, we compared chemosensitivity, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis on noscapine treatment in four cell lines derived from the colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells: p53(+/+) (p53-wt), p53(-/-) (p53-null), p21(-/-) (p21-null), and BAX(-/-) (BAX-null).	Noscapine	87-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
17440101-4	2007	Using these isogenic variants, we investigated the roles of p53, BAX, and p21 in the cellular response to treatment with noscapine.	Noscapine	121-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
17440101-7	2007	Conversely, loss of p53 and p21 alleles had a counter effect on both BAX and Bcl-2 expression and the p53-null and p21-null cells were significantly resistant to the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of noscapine.	Noscapine	209-218	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
17440101-7	2007	Conversely, loss of p53 and p21 alleles had a counter effect on both BAX and Bcl-2 expression and the p53-null and p21-null cells were significantly resistant to the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of noscapine.	Noscapine	209-218	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
17440101-9	2007	Interestingly, despite increased levels of p53, p21-null cells were resistant to apoptosis, suggesting a proapoptotic role of p21 and implying that p53 is a necessary but not sufficient condition for noscapine-mediated apoptosis.	Noscapine	200-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
17230511-9	2007	p21 induction is closely associated with FK228 or TSA but not 5-Aza, which is mediated via p53-independent pathway.	romidepsin	41-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
17230511-9	2007	p21 induction is closely associated with FK228 or TSA but not 5-Aza, which is mediated via p53-independent pathway.	trichostatin A	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
17230511-12	2007	The elevated p21 level mediated via p53 independent pathway is a hallmark of FK228 mechanism of action.	romidepsin	77-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
17055654-7	2007	Increased levels of p21 can result in growth inhibition, reduced repair from the p21-PCNA interaction, and increased generation of reactive oxygen.	Oxygen	140-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
17326628-3	2007	In meso-2, the right/left-handed chirality of the originally formed chain is transferred oppositely to adjacent chains through the interchain hydrogen-bonding interactions of hexameric water clusters, leading to the formation of meso-2 with a central symmetrical space group, P21/n, in which the 1D helical chains are packed in an alternating right- and left-handed chirality.	Water	185-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	276-279
17409429-7	2007	PD98059 prevented p53-mediated induction of p21 at the transcriptional level.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
17409429-8	2007	The repressed expression of antiapototic p21 also seemed to contribute to synergism between PD98059 and Nutlin-3a because (a) the synergistic apoptogenic effect was preserved in G(1) cells, (b) p53-mediated induction of p21 was preferentially seen in G(1) cells, (c) PD98059 strongly antagonized p21 induction by Nutlin-3a, and (d) cells with high p21 levels were resistant to apoptosis.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	92-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
17409429-8	2007	The repressed expression of antiapototic p21 also seemed to contribute to synergism between PD98059 and Nutlin-3a because (a) the synergistic apoptogenic effect was preserved in G(1) cells, (b) p53-mediated induction of p21 was preferentially seen in G(1) cells, (c) PD98059 strongly antagonized p21 induction by Nutlin-3a, and (d) cells with high p21 levels were resistant to apoptosis.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	92-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
17409429-8	2007	The repressed expression of antiapototic p21 also seemed to contribute to synergism between PD98059 and Nutlin-3a because (a) the synergistic apoptogenic effect was preserved in G(1) cells, (b) p53-mediated induction of p21 was preferentially seen in G(1) cells, (c) PD98059 strongly antagonized p21 induction by Nutlin-3a, and (d) cells with high p21 levels were resistant to apoptosis.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	92-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
17409429-8	2007	The repressed expression of antiapototic p21 also seemed to contribute to synergism between PD98059 and Nutlin-3a because (a) the synergistic apoptogenic effect was preserved in G(1) cells, (b) p53-mediated induction of p21 was preferentially seen in G(1) cells, (c) PD98059 strongly antagonized p21 induction by Nutlin-3a, and (d) cells with high p21 levels were resistant to apoptosis.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	92-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
17409429-8	2007	The repressed expression of antiapototic p21 also seemed to contribute to synergism between PD98059 and Nutlin-3a because (a) the synergistic apoptogenic effect was preserved in G(1) cells, (b) p53-mediated induction of p21 was preferentially seen in G(1) cells, (c) PD98059 strongly antagonized p21 induction by Nutlin-3a, and (d) cells with high p21 levels were resistant to apoptosis.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	267-274	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
17449938-8	2007	Our results suggest that minoxidil plus ATRA would additively enhance hair growth by mediating dual functions: 1) the prolongation of cell survival by activating the Erk and Akt signaling pathways, and 2) the prevention of apoptosis of DPCs and epithelial cells by increasing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and downregulating the expressions of P53 and P21.	Tretinoin	40-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	345-348
17179232-7	2007	Treatment with MS-275 induced increase in protein and histone H3/H4 acetylation, p21 expression, and caspase-3 activation in bone marrow mononuclear cells.	entinostat	15-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
17332940-8	2007	Following silencing of p53 or p21 we observed extensive apoptosis concomitant with extensive depolarization of mitochondrial membrane and depletion of reduced glutathione.	Glutathione	159-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
17449938-7	2007	In addition, minoxidil plus ATRA elevated phosphorylated Erk, phosphorylated Akt and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, but decreased the expressions of P53 and P21 more effectively than by minoxidil alone.	Minoxidil	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
17520098-0	2007	Quercetin induces cell cycle G1 arrest through elevating Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27 in human hepatoma cell line (HepG2).	Quercetin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
17449938-7	2007	In addition, minoxidil plus ATRA elevated phosphorylated Erk, phosphorylated Akt and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, but decreased the expressions of P53 and P21 more effectively than by minoxidil alone.	Tretinoin	28-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
17449938-8	2007	Our results suggest that minoxidil plus ATRA would additively enhance hair growth by mediating dual functions: 1) the prolongation of cell survival by activating the Erk and Akt signaling pathways, and 2) the prevention of apoptosis of DPCs and epithelial cells by increasing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and downregulating the expressions of P53 and P21.	Minoxidil	25-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	345-348
17315026-7	2007	Mechanistic studies indicated that Pemetrexed provoked this action by a combined effect that included cell cycle blockade, probably by p21 upregulation, and induction of apoptosis through caspase-dependent and -independent mechanisms.	Pemetrexed	35-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
17520098-6	2007	Furthermore, the results indicate that quercetin increased the content of Cdk inhibitor p21 protein, which was correlated with the elevation in p53 levels during 12 h of incubation.	Quercetin	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
17520098-8	2007	From our results it can be concluded that quercetin blocks cell cycle progression at G(1) phase and exerts its growth-inhibitory effect through the increase of Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27 and tumor suppressor p53 in HepG2.	Quercetin	42-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
17320764-1	2007	p21ras GTPase is the protein product of the most commonly mutated human oncogene and has been identified as a target for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.	reactive oxygen and nitrogen species	121-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
17409683-7	2007	SAL activated the suppression system of cell proliferation, such as down-regulation of c-myc and cdk4, and up-regulation of p21 and p27, inducing G1 arrest of the cell cycle, and consequently inhibited cell proliferation of Raji cells.	sal	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
17275298-1	2007	A novel series of antiproliferative agents containing pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl phenyl amides, selective for p21-deficient cells, were identified by high-throughput screening.	pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl phenyl amides	54-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
16740359-5	2007	We concluded that PML and all-trans-retinoic acid cause cell death by different pathways: PML activates ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and p21; arrests the cell cycle; and later causes cell death; and all-trans-retinoic acid activates proteasome function, caspase cleavage, and apoptosis.	Tretinoin	26-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
17320764-5	2007	The results of LC-MS/MS analysis of tryptic peptides of p21ras treated with ONOO(-) showed that ICAT labeling of Cys(118) was decreased by 47%, whereas Cys(80) was not significantly affected and was thereby shown to be less reactive.	Peptides	44-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
17320764-5	2007	The results of LC-MS/MS analysis of tryptic peptides of p21ras treated with ONOO(-) showed that ICAT labeling of Cys(118) was decreased by 47%, whereas Cys(80) was not significantly affected and was thereby shown to be less reactive.	onoo	76-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
17320764-5	2007	The results of LC-MS/MS analysis of tryptic peptides of p21ras treated with ONOO(-) showed that ICAT labeling of Cys(118) was decreased by 47%, whereas Cys(80) was not significantly affected and was thereby shown to be less reactive.	Cysteine	113-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
17320764-5	2007	The results of LC-MS/MS analysis of tryptic peptides of p21ras treated with ONOO(-) showed that ICAT labeling of Cys(118) was decreased by 47%, whereas Cys(80) was not significantly affected and was thereby shown to be less reactive.	Cysteine	152-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
17103031-0	2007	Lithium increases expression of p21(WAF/Cip1) and survivin in human glioblastoma cells.	Lithium	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
19690636-0	2007	BRCA1 Expression is an Important Biomarker for Chemosensitivity: Suppression of BRCA1 Increases the Apoptosis via Up-regulation of p53 and p21 During Cisplatin Treatment in Ovarian Cancer Cells.	Cisplatin	150-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
19690636-9	2007	However, cisplatin treatment under suppression of BRCA1 showed a significantly increased apoptosis along with up-regulation of p53 and p21 in A2780 cells.	Cisplatin	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
17103031-7	2007	The treatment with lithium did not alter the levels of Bcl-2 or procaspase-3 and did not cleave PARP, but increased the levels of p21(WAF/Cip1) and survivin.	Lithium	19-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
17103031-8	2007	Thus, increased expression of p21(WAF/Cip1) (a protein with antiapoptotic function), and survivin (a protein that supports the growth of cells by suppression of apoptosis and promotion of cell proliferation) may be the early events in the long-term cell response to lithium that are involved in the beneficial effects of this drug.	Lithium	266-273	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
17050787-10	2007	However, modulator proteins p53, p21, and p27 were increased by resveratrol only in LNCaP cells.	Resveratrol	64-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
17192405-2	2007	A detailed investigation of the Sp1-dependent agonistic activity of RU486 and R5020 on the folate receptor (FR) type alpha, p27, thymidine kinase 1 and p21 genes reveals a different mechanism.	Mifepristone	68-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
17229571-3	2007	Calcitriol increases the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), which plays a critical role in the inhibition of PCa cell growth by increasing the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21.	Calcitriol	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
17121856-6	2007	Furthermore, the co-activator complexes initiate the recruitment of the components of the basal transcription apparatus to the basal promoter with markedly different outcomes because only Ac-Lys-373 p53 promotes the assembly of the basal transcriptional apparatus on the p21 promoter.	Lysine	191-194	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	271-274
17172471-8	2007	Iron increases interactions of TAK1 and PI3K with p21ras as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization of these proteins with caveolin-1 as shown by immunofluorescent microscopy.	Iron	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
17464209-5	2007	Suppression of p38 activation by SB203580 reduced the extent of apoptosis of the HeLa cells and also prevented induction of p21, release of cytochrome c, and cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP.	SB 203580	33-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
17190831-8	2007	Furthermore, expression of p21, which correlates with taxane sensitivity, is regulated by CAV1 phosphorylation in a p53-dependent manner.	taxane	54-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
17373752-8	2007	CONCLUSION: Our results support the hypothesis that cell cycle arrest induced by C2-ceramide may be mediated via accumulation of p21 and reduction of cyclinD1 and CDK7, at least partly, through PPARgamma activation.	N-acetylsphingosine	81-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
17121856-4	2007	Real-time PCR demonstrates that CG-1521 induces p21 transcription whereas trichostatin A does not alter the steady state level of p21 mRNA.	cysteinylglycine	32-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
16752155-3	2007	RA treatment resulted in an increase of p21, p27 and p53 protein levels and G1 arrest in UM cells, which correlated with significant down-modulation of surface Her2/neu proto-oncogene expression.	Tretinoin	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
17268597-5	2007	Mn(dca)(2)(pym)(H(2)O), , which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, has a unique interdigitated 2D network that consists of double-bridged [Mn(2)(dca)(2)(pym)(2)(H(2)O)(2)](2+)"dimers" that are connected via single-bridging dca ligands.	Dichloroacetic Acid	3-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-82
17268597-5	2007	Mn(dca)(2)(pym)(H(2)O), , which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, has a unique interdigitated 2D network that consists of double-bridged [Mn(2)(dca)(2)(pym)(2)(H(2)O)(2)](2+)"dimers" that are connected via single-bridging dca ligands.	pyrimidine	11-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-82
17169477-8	2007	At the same time, the expression level of p21 also was increased by 4-NQO exposure, leading to the cell cycle arrested in G(1) phase.	4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide	68-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
17235192-3	2007	Ab initio modeling with VASP in space groups P6(3)/m, P2(1)/m and Pm showed that both these angular parameters exhibited a linear dependence with the vanadium content.	Vanadium	150-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-59
17300726-5	2007	We then used this PTEN knockdown cell line to show that PTEN attenuation increases resistance to cisplatin-induced apoptosis, a finding associated with increased levels of the cyclin kinase inhibitor p21.	Cisplatin	97-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
17349212-8	2007	It was concluded that ATRA and HMBA played a role in the differentiation induction of HL-60 cells, which was mediated by the down-regulation of CD44, accompanied by down-regulation of cyclin E, and up-regulation of p27 and p21 mRNA.	hexamethylene bisacetamide	31-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
17174366-6	2007	We first established that resveratrol (10 microM), a pro-apoptotic agent in other cancer cells, induced p53-dependent apoptosis and c-fos, c-jun and p21 gene expression in both papillary and follicular thyroid cancer cells.	Resveratrol	26-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
17094109-0	2007	Mechanisms of guanosine triphosphate hydrolysis by Ras and Ras-GAP proteins as rationalized by ab initio QM/MM simulations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	14-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
17094109-0	2007	Mechanisms of guanosine triphosphate hydrolysis by Ras and Ras-GAP proteins as rationalized by ab initio QM/MM simulations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	14-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
17094109-1	2007	The hydrolysis reaction of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by p21(ras) (Ras) has been modeled by using the ab initio type quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical simulations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	27-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-67
17094109-1	2007	The hydrolysis reaction of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by p21(ras) (Ras) has been modeled by using the ab initio type quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical simulations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	27-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
17094109-1	2007	The hydrolysis reaction of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by p21(ras) (Ras) has been modeled by using the ab initio type quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical simulations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-67
17094109-1	2007	The hydrolysis reaction of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by p21(ras) (Ras) has been modeled by using the ab initio type quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical simulations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
17094109-2	2007	Initial geometry configurations have been prompted by atomic coordinates of the crystal structure (PDBID: 1QRA) corresponding to the prehydrolysis state of Ras in complex with GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	176-179	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
17094109-5	2007	At the first stage, a unified action of the nearest residues of Ras and the nearest water molecules results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP).	Phosphates	157-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
17094109-5	2007	At the first stage, a unified action of the nearest residues of Ras and the nearest water molecules results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP).	Guanosine Triphosphate	176-179	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
17094109-5	2007	At the first stage, a unified action of the nearest residues of Ras and the nearest water molecules results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
17188682-5	2007	FGF-10 prevented H2O2-induced upregulation of CDK inhibitor, p21.	Hydrogen Peroxide	17-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
17094109-7	2007	At the second stage, the inorganic phosphate is formed in consequence of proton transfers mediated by two water molecules and assisted by the Gln61 residue from Ras.	inorganic	25-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
17094109-7	2007	At the second stage, the inorganic phosphate is formed in consequence of proton transfers mediated by two water molecules and assisted by the Gln61 residue from Ras.	Phosphates	35-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
17094109-9	2007	The results of simulations are compared to the previous findings for the GTP hydrolysis in the Ras-GAP (p21(ras)-p120(GAP)) protein complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
17094109-9	2007	The results of simulations are compared to the previous findings for the GTP hydrolysis in the Ras-GAP (p21(ras)-p120(GAP)) protein complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
17094109-9	2007	The results of simulations are compared to the previous findings for the GTP hydrolysis in the Ras-GAP (p21(ras)-p120(GAP)) protein complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
17404061-10	2007	Moreover, jaceosidin elevated the expression of p53 and p21, while the compound inhibited the activation of ERK1/2 that is an important component of cell survival signaling.	jaceosidin	10-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
17079232-4	2007	We then present evidence that Dox-mediated induction of cell cycle regulator p21 expression is differentially regulated by KAP1 sumoylation status.	Doxorubicin	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
17079232-8	2007	Hence, sumoylation of KAP1 represses p21 transcription via a chromatin-silencing process without affecting interaction between KAP1.ZBRK1 and DNA, thus providing a novel mechanistic basis for the understanding of Dox-induced de-repression of p21 transcription.	Doxorubicin	213-216	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	242-245
17079232-9	2007	Taken together, our results suggest that Dox-induced decrease in KAP1 sumoylation is essential for Dox to induce p21 expression and subsequent cell growth inhibition in MCF-7 cells.	Doxorubicin	41-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
17079232-9	2007	Taken together, our results suggest that Dox-induced decrease in KAP1 sumoylation is essential for Dox to induce p21 expression and subsequent cell growth inhibition in MCF-7 cells.	Doxorubicin	99-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
17311112-5	2007	The level of p21 transcript, encoding p21 protein involved in the cell cycle, was increased several-fold by I3C comparing to its level in cells incubated with estradiol or DDT.	Estradiol	159-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
17311112-5	2007	The level of p21 transcript, encoding p21 protein involved in the cell cycle, was increased several-fold by I3C comparing to its level in cells incubated with estradiol or DDT.	Estradiol	159-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
17311112-5	2007	The level of p21 transcript, encoding p21 protein involved in the cell cycle, was increased several-fold by I3C comparing to its level in cells incubated with estradiol or DDT.	DDT	172-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
17311112-5	2007	The level of p21 transcript, encoding p21 protein involved in the cell cycle, was increased several-fold by I3C comparing to its level in cells incubated with estradiol or DDT.	DDT	172-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
17662641-3	2007	We show that bleomycin-treated A549 cells exhibit: senescence-like cell morphology; a senescence-associated increase in SA-beta-galactosidase activity; cell cycle arrest; and upregulation of p53 and p21.	Bleomycin	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
17352246-6	2007	RESULTS: Ascorbic acid was found to reduce the proliferation of cells and induce apoptosis by the modulation of p53, p21, Bcl-2 and Bax.	Ascorbic Acid	9-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
17171453-6	2007	Rebamipide treatment inhibited AGS cell proliferation and increased p21, Smad2/3 phosphorylation, and Smad2/3-Smad4 complex formation.	rebamipide	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
17116745-6	2007	NaHS treatment also resulted in stabilization of p53 coupled with induction of downstream proteins such as p21, Bax, and cytochrome c, as well as translocation of Bax from the cytosol to the mitochondria and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria.	sodium bisulfide	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
17200334-6	2007	This arrest was dependent, in part, on induction of p21 by SAHA, as p21 was not induced in PANC-1 cells, and knockdown of p21 using small interfering RNA oligonucleotides nearly completely suppressed the effects of SAHA on cell cycle arrest in COLO-357 and partly attenuated the effects of SAHA in BxPC-3.	Vorinostat	59-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
17200334-6	2007	This arrest was dependent, in part, on induction of p21 by SAHA, as p21 was not induced in PANC-1 cells, and knockdown of p21 using small interfering RNA oligonucleotides nearly completely suppressed the effects of SAHA on cell cycle arrest in COLO-357 and partly attenuated the effects of SAHA in BxPC-3.	Vorinostat	59-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
17200334-6	2007	This arrest was dependent, in part, on induction of p21 by SAHA, as p21 was not induced in PANC-1 cells, and knockdown of p21 using small interfering RNA oligonucleotides nearly completely suppressed the effects of SAHA on cell cycle arrest in COLO-357 and partly attenuated the effects of SAHA in BxPC-3.	Vorinostat	59-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
17200334-6	2007	This arrest was dependent, in part, on induction of p21 by SAHA, as p21 was not induced in PANC-1 cells, and knockdown of p21 using small interfering RNA oligonucleotides nearly completely suppressed the effects of SAHA on cell cycle arrest in COLO-357 and partly attenuated the effects of SAHA in BxPC-3.	Vorinostat	215-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
17200334-6	2007	This arrest was dependent, in part, on induction of p21 by SAHA, as p21 was not induced in PANC-1 cells, and knockdown of p21 using small interfering RNA oligonucleotides nearly completely suppressed the effects of SAHA on cell cycle arrest in COLO-357 and partly attenuated the effects of SAHA in BxPC-3.	Vorinostat	215-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
17200334-10	2007	Moreover, analysis of p21 distribution in COLO-357 cells revealed that SAHA induced the cytoplasmic localization of both p21 and phospho-p21.	Vorinostat	71-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
17200334-10	2007	Moreover, analysis of p21 distribution in COLO-357 cells revealed that SAHA induced the cytoplasmic localization of both p21 and phospho-p21.	Vorinostat	71-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
17200334-10	2007	Moreover, analysis of p21 distribution in COLO-357 cells revealed that SAHA induced the cytoplasmic localization of both p21 and phospho-p21.	Vorinostat	71-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
17200334-11	2007	CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that SAHA exerts proapoptotic effects in pancreatic cancer cells, in part, by up-regulating p21 and sequestering it in the cytoplasm, raising the possibility that SAHA may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.	Vorinostat	38-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
17171453-8	2007	Inactivation of ERK2 by PD98059 partly attenuated rebamipide-induced p21 expression.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	24-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
17171453-8	2007	Inactivation of ERK2 by PD98059 partly attenuated rebamipide-induced p21 expression.	rebamipide	50-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
17171453-10	2007	Inactivation of ERK2 partly inhibited rebamipide-induced p21 expression, indicating a crosstalk between ERK and Smad signaling pathways.	rebamipide	38-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
17604209-6	2007	Flavone induces apoptosis which is accompanied by caspase activation and p16, p21 and TRAIL over-expression in human myeloid leukemia cells.	flavone	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
17662641-6	2007	Our results support the hypothesis that downregulation of caveolin-1 expression affects bleomycin-induced cell cycle arrest and subsequent cellular senescence that is driven by p53 and p21.	Bleomycin	88-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
16956884-8	2006	Additionally, we found that adaphostin treatment induced a decrease in the phosphorylation of nucleophosmin, a major nuclear phosphoprotein, and that this decreased phosphorylation was a result of the p21- and p27-mediated inactivation of cyclin E-cyclin-dependent kinase 2 complex kinase activity.	NSC 680410	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
17237267-9	2007	The biological effect of LAQ824 was associated with p21 induction in both cell lines but G(2) cell cycle arrest in A2058 and apoptosis in HMV-I cell line.	LAQ824	25-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
17088910-0	2006	Upregulation of p27 and its inhibition of CDK2/cyclin E activity following DNA damage by a novel platinum agent are dependent on the expression of p21.	Platinum	97-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
17056014-4	2006	KAP1 reduction markedly enhanced the induction of p21, a product of the p53 target gene, after treatment with actinomycin D or gamma-irradiation, but not with camptothecin.	Dactinomycin	110-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
17122440-6	2006	Transfection of dnTCF-4 in the ISS10 human VSMC line significantly lowered TCF and cyclin D1 reporter activity but significantly elevated p21 reporter activity, indicating regulation of these genes by beta-catenin/TCF signaling.	dntcf	16-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
17088910-6	2006	Moreover, DAP-induced p21 promoted the selective increase of p27 in the CDK2 complex, but not in CDK4 complex, and this selective increase contributed to inhibition of the CDK2 kinase activity.	(diaminocyclohexane)(diacetato)(dichloro)platinum	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
17049505-6	2006	l-Lysine up-regulated p53, p21, and Bax protein levels and a down-regulation of Bcl-2alpha in all the cell lines tested.	Lysine	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
17341630-7	2006	After 8 and 24 h after the beginning of cultivation with 2 mM VA we detect p21, which is not observed after exposure to 4 mM VA.	Valproic Acid	62-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
17341630-7	2006	After 8 and 24 h after the beginning of cultivation with 2 mM VA we detect p21, which is not observed after exposure to 4 mM VA.	Valproic Acid	125-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
17172433-3	2006	Gallic acid treatment of DU145 cells resulted in a strong cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and apoptotic death in a dose- and time-dependent manner, together with a decrease in cyclin-dependent kinases and cyclins but strong induction in Cip1/p21.	Gallic Acid	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	253-256
17119452-11	2006	The increased expressions of p53 and p21, and the decreased expressions of cyclin A, cyclin E, CDK2 and CDK4, indicated the cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase after the cells had been treated with sodium ascorbate.	Ascorbic Acid	194-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
17119452-12	2006	Induction of apoptosis involved an increase in the levels of p53, p21 and cellular Ca, and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase 3 before culminating in apoptosis in sodium ascorbate-treated A375.S2 cells.	Ascorbic Acid	201-217	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
16841329-4	2006	beta-Cryptoxanthin suppressed the protein levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin E, up-regulated the cell cycle inhibitor p21, increased the number of lung cancer cells in the G1/G0 phase and decreased those in the S phase of the cell cycle.	Beta-Cryptoxanthin	0-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
17045763-5	2006	The phospho-p53 (Ser-15), total p53, and p21 proteins were elevated by oxaliplatin in RKO cells; conversely, oxaliplatin decreased the securin protein expression.	Oxaliplatin	71-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
17045927-6	2006	Scavengers of singlet oxygen or NO could attenuate PDT-induced cell viability loss, nucleus morphology changes, cytochrome c release, mitochondria swelling, and apo-apoptosis gene p53 and p21 mRNA levels.	Singlet Oxygen	14-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	188-191
16940187-0	2006	Bafilomycin induces the p21-mediated growth inhibition of cancer cells under hypoxic conditions by expressing hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha.	bafilomycin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
16940187-6	2006	Furthermore, the HIF-1alpha induction by bafilomycin was augmented by hypoxia, which caused a robust induction of p21 and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells.	bafilomycin	41-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
17201158-6	2006	Curcumin also promoted the expression of Bax, cytochrome C, p53 and p21 but inhibited the expression of Bcl-2.	Curcumin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
17003493-3	2006	However, we discovered that genes associated with differentiation (GDF15 and ATF3) and suppression of proliferation (CDKNa1/p21) were up-regulated in highly invasive uveal melanoma cells forming vasculogenic mimicry patterns, and genes associated with promotion of invasive and metastatic behavior such as CD44, CCNE2 (cyclin E2), THBS1 (thrombospondin 1), and CSPG2 (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan; versican) were down-regulated.	Chondroitin Sulfates	368-387	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
16633716-5	2006	MDDD treatment also triggers induction of p53 and p21 at the protein levels, suggesting the activation of DNA damage response.	4-methyl-2,7-diamino-5,10-diphenyl-4,9-diaz-apyrenium chloride	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
16899068-8	2006	Conversely, in C6 glioma cells, characterized by a low level of intercellular communication, an increase in gap junctional communication reduces glucose uptake by releasing type I and type II hexokinases from the mitochondria and decreases the exacerbated rate of proliferation due to the up-regulation of the Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27.	Glucose	145-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	325-328
16942782-6	2006	Capsaicin induced G0-G1 phase arrest underwent the promotion of p53 and p21, which is an inhibitor of Cdk2 and cyclin E complex before leading to the inhibitions of both compounds.	Capsaicin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
17029827-5	2006	Following DNA damage, the activation of p53 acts as a transcriptional regulator of several target genes, including, p21 protein; a gene that encodes the Cdk inhibitor and is induced by exposure to benzo[a]pyrene.	Benzo(a)pyrene	197-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
17029827-7	2006	The overall results suggest that benzo[a]pyrene leads to serious DNA damage, which leads to the transcription of the p53 gene; that the subsequent p53 protein accumulation up-regulates the cellular p21 protein.	Benzo(a)pyrene	33-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
17003443-15	2006	The antiproliferative effect of MG132 was significantly reversed in samples transfected with p21 and p27 siRNA, which reduced p21 and p27 protein expression to very low levels that remained below basal control levels, even after treatment with MG132.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	244-249	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
16624386-13	2006	CIZAR increased the expression of p21(waf1) which is a part of p53-independent pathway and induced reduction of telomerase activity.	cizar	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
17003443-14	2006	MG132 caused a significant increase in p21 and p27 protein and decrease in CDK2, but no change in p53, p57, CDK4, or CDK6 protein.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
16621886-4	2006	Our western blot analysis showed that berberine-induced G(1) cell cycle arrest was mediated through the increased expression of Cdki proteins (Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27), a simultaneous decrease in Cdk2, Cdk4, Cdk6 and cyclins D1, D2 and E and enhanced binding of Cdki-Cdk.	Berberine	38-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
17109072-8	2006	Moreover, Tau-Cl inhibited PDGF-triggered cell proliferation (IC(50) value approximately 250-300 microM), accompanied by characteristic modulation of p53 transcriptional targets: down-regulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and survivin, and concomitant up-regulation of p21 mitotic inhibitor.	N-chlorotaurine	10-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	287-290
17003443-15	2006	The antiproliferative effect of MG132 was significantly reversed in samples transfected with p21 and p27 siRNA, which reduced p21 and p27 protein expression to very low levels that remained below basal control levels, even after treatment with MG132.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	32-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
16857700-3	2006	TSA caused a dose-dependent increase of G1-arrested cells at 24 h that correlated with increasing levels of p21 and apoptosis.	trichostatin A	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
17003443-15	2006	The antiproliferative effect of MG132 was significantly reversed in samples transfected with p21 and p27 siRNA, which reduced p21 and p27 protein expression to very low levels that remained below basal control levels, even after treatment with MG132.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	32-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
16766008-7	2006	Finally, it was demonstrated that CAPE promoted the ATRA-mediated nuclear transcription activation of RARalpha assessed by EMSA assay and enhanced the expression of target genes including RARalpha, C/EBPepsilon, and p21 protein resulting in the differentiation development of leukemia.	caffeic acid phenethyl ester	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	216-219
16849420-8	2006	Bortezomib inhibited NF-kappaB activity; increased p53, p21, and jun expression; and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis.	Bortezomib	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
16636661-7	2006	Binding of a peptide derived from the C-terminus of p21(CIP1) to the C-terminal domain of E7 was characterized by monitoring chemical shift perturbations of the amide groups of E7.	Amides	161-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
17441071-4	2006	Furthermore, the reaction of 1 a with hexamolybdate in acetonitrile gives the helical coordination polymer {[(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O))(MoO4)-(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O)2)] x 2 CH3CN x H2O}infinity 2 (L: H2C=CHCOO), which crystallizes in the space group P2(1).	hexamolybdate	38-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-243
17441071-4	2006	Furthermore, the reaction of 1 a with hexamolybdate in acetonitrile gives the helical coordination polymer {[(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O))(MoO4)-(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O)2)] x 2 CH3CN x H2O}infinity 2 (L: H2C=CHCOO), which crystallizes in the space group P2(1).	acetonitrile	55-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-243
17441071-4	2006	Furthermore, the reaction of 1 a with hexamolybdate in acetonitrile gives the helical coordination polymer {[(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O))(MoO4)-(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O)2)] x 2 CH3CN x H2O}infinity 2 (L: H2C=CHCOO), which crystallizes in the space group P2(1).	Polymers	99-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-243
17441071-4	2006	Furthermore, the reaction of 1 a with hexamolybdate in acetonitrile gives the helical coordination polymer {[(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O))(MoO4)-(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O)2)] x 2 CH3CN x H2O}infinity 2 (L: H2C=CHCOO), which crystallizes in the space group P2(1).	[(fe3(mu3-o)l6(h2o	108-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-243
17441071-4	2006	Furthermore, the reaction of 1 a with hexamolybdate in acetonitrile gives the helical coordination polymer {[(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O))(MoO4)-(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O)2)] x 2 CH3CN x H2O}infinity 2 (L: H2C=CHCOO), which crystallizes in the space group P2(1).	moo4	129-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-243
17441071-4	2006	Furthermore, the reaction of 1 a with hexamolybdate in acetonitrile gives the helical coordination polymer {[(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O))(MoO4)-(Fe3(mu3-O)L6(H2O)2)] x 2 CH3CN x H2O}infinity 2 (L: H2C=CHCOO), which crystallizes in the space group P2(1).	fe3(mu3-o)l6(h2o)2)	136-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	238-243
16849332-6	2006	The results obtained from the Western blot experiment showed that NER defects resulted in enhanced CHK1 phosphorylation and p21 induction after cisplatin treatment.	Cisplatin	144-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
17094491-9	2006	Furthermore, (-)-gossypol treatment down-regulated cyclin-D1, Rb, CDK4 and CDK6, and up-regulated p21 and TGF-beta1 at the mRNA and/or protein levels.	Gossypol	13-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
16954624-1	2006	Sodium trichloromethanesulfonate monohydrate, Na+.CCl3SO3-.H2O, crystallizes in P2(1)/a with all the atoms located in general positions.	sodium trichloromethanesulfonate monohydrate	0-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-85
16954624-1	2006	Sodium trichloromethanesulfonate monohydrate, Na+.CCl3SO3-.H2O, crystallizes in P2(1)/a with all the atoms located in general positions.	ccl3so3	50-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-85
16954624-1	2006	Sodium trichloromethanesulfonate monohydrate, Na+.CCl3SO3-.H2O, crystallizes in P2(1)/a with all the atoms located in general positions.	Water	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-85
16951169-8	2006	In TDEC, calcitriol resulted in induction of G(0)/G(1) arrest (10.75%) and reduction of S-phase cells (6.8%) with induction of p27 and down-regulation of p21 protein expression.	Calcitriol	9-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
16777971-6	2006	Rosiglitazone-induced growth inhibition was associated with cell cycle arrest and changes in cell cycle regulators, such as an increase of cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors p21(cip1) and p27(kip1), a decrease of cyclin D1, and inactivation of Rb protein.	Rosiglitazone	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
16985065-9	2006	All three statins (lovastatin, fluvastatin, and simvastatin) inhibited cyclin E/cdk2 kinase leading to hypophosphorylation of Rb, but this inhibition was correlated with a loss of the activating phosphorylation on Thr160 of cyclin E-associated cdk2 and not dependent on the cdk inhibitors p21 and p27.	Lovastatin	19-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	289-292
16985065-9	2006	All three statins (lovastatin, fluvastatin, and simvastatin) inhibited cyclin E/cdk2 kinase leading to hypophosphorylation of Rb, but this inhibition was correlated with a loss of the activating phosphorylation on Thr160 of cyclin E-associated cdk2 and not dependent on the cdk inhibitors p21 and p27.	Fluvastatin	31-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	289-292
16985065-9	2006	All three statins (lovastatin, fluvastatin, and simvastatin) inhibited cyclin E/cdk2 kinase leading to hypophosphorylation of Rb, but this inhibition was correlated with a loss of the activating phosphorylation on Thr160 of cyclin E-associated cdk2 and not dependent on the cdk inhibitors p21 and p27.	Simvastatin	48-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	289-292
16815847-2	2006	This response is due to activation of Cdc42, resulting in p21-activated kinase-dependent phosphorylation and activation of MEK1 Ser(298) and activation of ERK1/2.	Serine	128-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
16797759-3	2006	By Western blot, the expression of 14-3-3sigma, p53 and p21 was coordinately upregulated in astrocytes following exposure to hydrogen peroxide, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) or etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor.	Hydrogen Peroxide	125-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
16797759-3	2006	By Western blot, the expression of 14-3-3sigma, p53 and p21 was coordinately upregulated in astrocytes following exposure to hydrogen peroxide, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) or etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor.	4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	144-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
16797759-3	2006	By Western blot, the expression of 14-3-3sigma, p53 and p21 was coordinately upregulated in astrocytes following exposure to hydrogen peroxide, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) or etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor.	4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	165-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
16797759-3	2006	By Western blot, the expression of 14-3-3sigma, p53 and p21 was coordinately upregulated in astrocytes following exposure to hydrogen peroxide, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) or etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor.	Etoposide	175-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
16867250-8	2006	The expression of G-protein coupled receptor kinase, protein kinase C (PKC)-zeta, N-ras protein were decreased, while cycle related protein p21 was increased by ginsenoside Rg1 in TNF-alpha treated VSMC.	Ginsenosides	161-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
16867250-9	2006	CONCLUSION: PKC-zeta and p21 pathway might be the mechanism for inhibitory effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on proliferation of VSMC.	Ginsenosides	86-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
16867250-9	2006	CONCLUSION: PKC-zeta and p21 pathway might be the mechanism for inhibitory effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on proliferation of VSMC.	vsmc	122-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
16872361-4	2006	The results here demonstrate evidence for approximately 25% apoptosis after treatment with calcium salicylate, which up-regulatd the expression of p53, p21 and Bax, and down-regulated Bcl-2 in HT-1080 cells.	calcium salicylate	91-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
16698776-6	2006	As a biological model system, we have used H-Ras p21 with an artificially introduced photo-labile GTP precursor (caged GTP) and a covalently attached fluorophore (IANBD amide).	Guanosine Triphosphate	98-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
16855382-8	2006	Furthermore, treatment with the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 reduced p38 MAPK activity and cell cycle arrest, and also partially restored cyclin A, cyclin B1, cyclin D1 and p21 protein levels.	SB 203580	51-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
16849572-5	2006	Our results show that acute treatment (3 days) VPA can increase net histone H3 acetylation and up-regulate p21, AR, and cytosolic PSA expression.	Valproic Acid	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
16718685-8	2006	In conclusion, tolbutamide and dbcAMP inhibit C6-glioma cell proliferation by increasing Cx43, which correlates with a reduction in pRb phosphorylation due to the up-regulation of the Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27.	Tolbutamide	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
16718685-8	2006	In conclusion, tolbutamide and dbcAMP inhibit C6-glioma cell proliferation by increasing Cx43, which correlates with a reduction in pRb phosphorylation due to the up-regulation of the Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27.	Bucladesine	31-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
16483558-8	2006	The oxygen-sensitive signaling pathways involved have been characterized and point towards a central role of p21, TGFbeta and p38MAPK.	Oxygen	4-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
16841939-6	2006	Additionally, "top-down" analysis was conducted on p21ras S-glutathiolated by oxidized glutathione and identified C118 as the major site of glutathiolation among the four surface cysteines.	Glutathione	87-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
16718685-0	2006	Tolbutamide reduces glioma cell proliferation by increasing connexin43, which promotes the up-regulation of p21 and p27 and subsequent changes in retinoblastoma phosphorylation.	Tolbutamide	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
16718685-6	2006	However, the Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27 were up-regulated after treatment with tolbutamide and dbcAMP, suggesting that they would be involved in the decrease in pRb phosphorylation.	Tolbutamide	79-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
16718685-6	2006	However, the Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27 were up-regulated after treatment with tolbutamide and dbcAMP, suggesting that they would be involved in the decrease in pRb phosphorylation.	Bucladesine	95-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
16880957-4	2006	Moreover, myriaporone 3/4 displays a very rapid, reversible and p21-independent activity to block S phase progression in mammalian cells.	myriaporone	10-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
16813416-6	2006	[(R)-C7H16N2]2[Mo8O26] and [(S)-C7H16N2]2[Mo8O26] both crystallize in the noncentrosymmetric space group P2(1) (No.	(r)-c7h16n2]2	1-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-110
16857792-12	2006	We showed that PPARgamma agonist 15d-PGJ2 inhibited cell proliferation and induced p21 mRNA of endometrial carcinoma cell lines.	15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2	33-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
16886662-2	2006	Calcitriol induces G0/G1 arrest, modulates p27 and p21, the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitors implicated in G1 arrest, and induces cleavage of caspase 3, PARP and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) in a caspase-dependent manner.	Calcitriol	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
16729877-7	2006	Gene classification and biological pathway analyses of the genes differentially expressed between the two main subtypes revealed different molecular mechanisms descriptive of the two expression-based subtypes: Signature genes of the luminal A subtype were over-represented by genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and steroid hormone-mediated signaling pathways, in particular estrogen receptor signaling, while signature genes of the basal-like subtype were over-represented by genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, p21-mediated pathway, and G1-S checkpoint of cell cycle-signaling pathways.	Fatty Acids	294-304	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	539-542
16805953-6	2006	Sal A at 10 microM induced cell apoptosis in PDGF-BB-incubated HSCs, together with a reduction of Bcl-2 protein expression, induction of cell cycle inhibitory proteins p21 and p27, and down-regulation of cyclins D1 and E, suppression of Akt phosphorylation, reduction in PDGF receptor phosphorylation, and an increase in caspase-3 activity.	salvianolic acid A	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
16737765-7	2006	An elevation in p21 mRNA and protein level was noted in SAS cells by sodium butyrate.	Butyric Acid	69-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
16331344-10	2006	Furthermore, in TP53 72Pro carriers with p21 Ser/Ser genotype, the occurrence of acute toxicity was reduced in normal weight but not overweight patients.	Serine	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
16331344-10	2006	Furthermore, in TP53 72Pro carriers with p21 Ser/Ser genotype, the occurrence of acute toxicity was reduced in normal weight but not overweight patients.	Serine	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
16368780-11	2006	TGF-beta dependent induction of p21 and downregulation of minichromosome maintenance protein 2 was lost in &gt;80% of BE and AC.	Beryllium	118-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
16800929-5	2006	NaB or combination of the MEK inhibitor PD98059 with NaB could increase the differentiation of the SKM-1 cells and up-regulated the levels of the P21 and HDAC protein, but the effect of combination of NaB with PD98059 was higher than that of NaB alone.	nab	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
16800929-5	2006	NaB or combination of the MEK inhibitor PD98059 with NaB could increase the differentiation of the SKM-1 cells and up-regulated the levels of the P21 and HDAC protein, but the effect of combination of NaB with PD98059 was higher than that of NaB alone.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	40-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
16800929-5	2006	NaB or combination of the MEK inhibitor PD98059 with NaB could increase the differentiation of the SKM-1 cells and up-regulated the levels of the P21 and HDAC protein, but the effect of combination of NaB with PD98059 was higher than that of NaB alone.	nab	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
16800929-5	2006	NaB or combination of the MEK inhibitor PD98059 with NaB could increase the differentiation of the SKM-1 cells and up-regulated the levels of the P21 and HDAC protein, but the effect of combination of NaB with PD98059 was higher than that of NaB alone.	nab	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
16800929-5	2006	NaB or combination of the MEK inhibitor PD98059 with NaB could increase the differentiation of the SKM-1 cells and up-regulated the levels of the P21 and HDAC protein, but the effect of combination of NaB with PD98059 was higher than that of NaB alone.	nab	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
16713693-7	2006	Premature senescence is also induced upon chronic exposure to oligomycin, irrespective of ROS production, and oligomycin treatment induced the up-regulation of the cdk inhibitors p16, p21 and p27, which are also up-regulated in replicative senescence.	Oligomycins	110-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
16824077-9	2006	The most sensitive cell line to 2-ME, SK-Hep1, showed an up-regulation of the p53 and p21 proteins.	2-Methoxyestradiol	32-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
16765349-0	2006	Increased p21 expression and complex formation with cyclin E/CDK2 in retinoid-induced pre-B lymphoma cell apoptosis.	Retinoids	69-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
16765349-1	2006	Cip/Kip family protein p21, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, is directly transactivated by retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) upon retinoic acid (RA):RARalpha binding.	Tretinoin	101-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
16765349-1	2006	Cip/Kip family protein p21, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, is directly transactivated by retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) upon retinoic acid (RA):RARalpha binding.	Tretinoin	131-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
16765349-2	2006	Yet the role of p21 upregulation by RA in lymphoma cells remains unknown.	Tretinoin	36-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
16765349-4	2006	Upregulated p21 by RA accompanies caspase-3 activation and precedes the occurrence of apoptosis.	Tretinoin	19-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
16765349-7	2006	Data presented here suggest a novel RA-signaling, by which RA-induced p21 induction and complex formation with cyclin E/CDK2 diverts CDK2 function from normally driving proliferation to alternatively promoting apoptosis.	Tretinoin	36-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
16697980-7	2006	In real-time PCR, the expressions of p21(cip1), p27(kip1) and p57(kip2) mRNAs remained unaltered for 8 h after treatment with deferoxamine but were significantly elevated after 1 day.	Deferoxamine	126-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
16705314-2	2006	We have previously demonstrated that either Calphostin C (CC) (a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor) or Parthenolide (an NF-kappaB inhibitor) abrogates HDACI-induced transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB and p21, which is associated with profound potentiation of HDACI-mediated induction of apoptosis.	parthenolide	102-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	208-211
16638572-2	2006	In both cell types, MMG induced partial arrest in G2M and increased p14-3-3, HSP70, HSP60 and p21 expression.	4-(5-phenyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)benzoic acid	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
16533812-8	2006	Concurrent with its effect on cell growth, overexpression of HDAC3 and other Class I HDACs inhibited basal and butyrate-induced p21 transcription in a Sp1/Sp3-dependent manner, whereas silencing of HDAC3 stimulated p21 promoter activity and expression.	Butyrates	111-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
16533812-8	2006	Concurrent with its effect on cell growth, overexpression of HDAC3 and other Class I HDACs inhibited basal and butyrate-induced p21 transcription in a Sp1/Sp3-dependent manner, whereas silencing of HDAC3 stimulated p21 promoter activity and expression.	Butyrates	111-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	215-218
16651717-0	2006	Synthetic peptide (P-21) derived from Asp-hemolysin inhibits the induction of apoptosis on HUVECs by lysophosphatidylcholine.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	101-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-23
16651717-3	2006	In this study, to clarify the interaction between P-21 and LPC as a typical lipid moiety of OxLDL, we examined the influence of P-21 on LPC-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).	Lysophosphatidylcholines	136-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-132
16651717-4	2006	Based on flow cytometric analysis, using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide as probes to assess apoptosis, LPC induced the apoptosis of HUVECs, and P-21 significantly inhibited this activity by 82.4%.	annexin v-fluorescein isothiocyanate	41-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-175
16651717-4	2006	Based on flow cytometric analysis, using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide as probes to assess apoptosis, LPC induced the apoptosis of HUVECs, and P-21 significantly inhibited this activity by 82.4%.	Propidium	82-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-175
16651717-5	2006	Furthermore, dissociation-enhanced lanthanide fluorometric immunoassay indicated that LPC inhibited the binding of P-21 to OxLDL in a dose-dependent manner.	Lanthanoid Series Elements	35-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-119
16679590-1	2006	The title compound (with the systematic name 2-{[(1S)-1-(methoxycarbonyl)-3-methylbutyl]aminocarbonyl}benzoic acid), C15H19NO5, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1), with two independent molecules per asymmetric unit.	N-(o-Carboxybenzoyl)-L-leucine methyl ester	45-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-176
16675591-9	2006	These effects did not depend on the level of expression of EGFR but they were associated with the down-regulation of MAPK and Akt activity; in 1207 cells, gefitinib activity was associated with p27 up-regulation and p21 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 down-regulation.	Gefitinib	155-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	216-219
16697770-9	2006	Higher ORs for COPD were seen for persons with p53 Pro/Pro or Pro/Arg genotypes against Arg/Arg genotype [OR = 2.35, 95% CI 1.27-4.39, P = 0.008], or p21 Arg/Arg and Arg/Ser genotypes against Ser/Ser genotype [OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.06-4.05, P = 0.033].	Arginine	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
16697770-9	2006	Higher ORs for COPD were seen for persons with p53 Pro/Pro or Pro/Arg genotypes against Arg/Arg genotype [OR = 2.35, 95% CI 1.27-4.39, P = 0.008], or p21 Arg/Arg and Arg/Ser genotypes against Ser/Ser genotype [OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.06-4.05, P = 0.033].	Arginine	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
16697770-9	2006	Higher ORs for COPD were seen for persons with p53 Pro/Pro or Pro/Arg genotypes against Arg/Arg genotype [OR = 2.35, 95% CI 1.27-4.39, P = 0.008], or p21 Arg/Arg and Arg/Ser genotypes against Ser/Ser genotype [OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.06-4.05, P = 0.033].	Arginine	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
16697770-9	2006	Higher ORs for COPD were seen for persons with p53 Pro/Pro or Pro/Arg genotypes against Arg/Arg genotype [OR = 2.35, 95% CI 1.27-4.39, P = 0.008], or p21 Arg/Arg and Arg/Ser genotypes against Ser/Ser genotype [OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.06-4.05, P = 0.033].	Arginine	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
16697770-9	2006	Higher ORs for COPD were seen for persons with p53 Pro/Pro or Pro/Arg genotypes against Arg/Arg genotype [OR = 2.35, 95% CI 1.27-4.39, P = 0.008], or p21 Arg/Arg and Arg/Ser genotypes against Ser/Ser genotype [OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.06-4.05, P = 0.033].	Arginine	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
21144291-9	2006	(4)The expression levels of P53, P21, Fas, FasL and Bax were remarkably up-regulated after treatment with MSA.	methylselenic acid	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
16518417-5	2006	In RT112 and LNCap, CDDP induced p53 and p21 expression, while pretreatment of dicoumarol suppressed induction of p53/p21 and resulted in sequential activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in a time-dependent manner.	Cisplatin	20-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
16518417-5	2006	In RT112 and LNCap, CDDP induced p53 and p21 expression, while pretreatment of dicoumarol suppressed induction of p53/p21 and resulted in sequential activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in a time-dependent manner.	Dicumarol	79-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
16518417-7	2006	These results suggested that dicoumarol could enhance cytotoxicity of CDDP in urogenital cancer cells with wild-type p53 through the p53/p21/JNK pathways.	Dicumarol	29-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
16518417-7	2006	These results suggested that dicoumarol could enhance cytotoxicity of CDDP in urogenital cancer cells with wild-type p53 through the p53/p21/JNK pathways.	Cisplatin	70-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
16770740-4	2006	The levels of CDK2, CDC2, Cyclin A and Cyclin B proteins decreased, while the levels of CDK inhibitors viz., p21 and p27 were found to increase on staurosporine treatment.	Staurosporine	147-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
16525652-11	2006	Interestingly, DPA-induced elevation of p21/Cip1 was independent of the induction of p53 in Colo 205 cells.	dpa	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
16616141-0	2006	Evidence that low doses of Taxol enhance the functional transactivatory properties of p53 on p21 waf promoter in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.	Paclitaxel	27-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
16616141-1	2006	In the present study, we evidence how in breast cancer cells low doses of Taxol for 18 h determined the upregulation of p53 and p21 waf expression concomitantly with a decrease of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2.	Paclitaxel	74-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
16616141-3	2006	Indeed, the most important finding of this study consists with the evidence that Taxol at lower concentrations is able to produce the activation of p21 promoter via p53.	Paclitaxel	81-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
16616141-4	2006	Prolonged exposure of MCF-7 cells to Taxol (48 h) resulted in an increased co-association between p21 and PCNA compared to control and this well fits with the simultaneous block of cell cycle into the G2/M phase.	Paclitaxel	37-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
16288207-10	2006	Moreover, ODQ-induced upregulation of p21 and Bax and ODQ-induced apoptosis were significantly reduced in a p53 mutant cell line relative to the wild-type parental cell line.	1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
16562962-7	2006	Crystal data for C21H19BrN5O3Re (1): monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 13.1851(5) A, b = 16.1292(7) A, c = 10.2689(4) A, beta = 99.353(1) degrees , V = 2154.8(2) A3, Z = 4.	c21h19brn5o3re	17-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-56
16562962-10	2006	Crystal data for C26H21BrN3O5Re (4): monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 16.6504(6) A, b = 10.1564(4) A, c = 14.6954(5) A, beta = 96.739(1) degrees , V = 2467.9(2) A3, Z = 4.	c26h21brn3o5re	17-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-56
16562962-11	2006	Crystal data for C27H24BrN4O5Re (6): monoclinic, P2(1), a = 8.7791(9) A, b = 16.312(2) A, c = 8.9231(9) A, beta = 90.030(1) degrees , V = 1277.8(2) A3, Z = 2.	c27h24brn4o5re	17-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-54
16310807-6	2006	These results suggest that squamocin inhibits the proliferation of K562 cells via G2/M arrest in association with the induction of p21, p27 and the reduction of Cdk1 and Cdc25C kinase activities.	squamocin	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
16525652-10	2006	Further studies showed the induction of p21/Cip1, p27/Kip1, E-cadherin and dephosphorylated p120ctn expression was involved in DPA-induced anticancer effects.	dpa	127-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
16525652-12	2006	in vivo results demonstrated that DPA enhanced the in vivo anticancer activity of the chemotherapeutic agent, CPT-11, by elevation of p53-independent p21/Cip1 and p27/Kip1 expression.	dpa	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
16525652-12	2006	in vivo results demonstrated that DPA enhanced the in vivo anticancer activity of the chemotherapeutic agent, CPT-11, by elevation of p53-independent p21/Cip1 and p27/Kip1 expression.	Irinotecan	110-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
16480688-0	2006	Aaptamine, a spongean alkaloid, activates p21 promoter in a p53-independent manner.	aaptamine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
16480688-6	2006	The activation of p21 promoter by aaptamine was led through acting Sp1 sites between -82 and -50bp in a p53-independent manner.	aaptamine	34-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
16480688-0	2006	Aaptamine, a spongean alkaloid, activates p21 promoter in a p53-independent manner.	spongean alkaloid	13-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
16480688-2	2006	Aaptamine activated p21 promoter stably transfected in MG63 cells dose-dependently at the concentrations of 20-50microM.	aaptamine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
16480688-3	2006	Expression of p21 and its mRNA in the wild-type MG63 cells also increased by aaptamine-treatment.	aaptamine	77-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
16480688-5	2006	To analyze a responsive element of p21 promoter in the up-regulation of p21 by aaptamine, MG63 cells were transiently transfected with a series of the deleted or mutated promoter segments, and induction of luciferase with aaptamine treatment was examined by using these corresponding transfected cells.	aaptamine	79-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
16480688-5	2006	To analyze a responsive element of p21 promoter in the up-regulation of p21 by aaptamine, MG63 cells were transiently transfected with a series of the deleted or mutated promoter segments, and induction of luciferase with aaptamine treatment was examined by using these corresponding transfected cells.	aaptamine	79-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
16508959-11	2006	Caveolin 1 induction and stresses with both IL-1beta and H2O2 up-regulated p53 and p21 and down-regulated phosphorylated retinoblastoma (Rb), suggesting that the p53/p21/Rb phosphorylation pathway, as well as prolonged p38 MAPK activation, may mediate the features of chondrocyte senescence induced by stress.	Hydrogen Peroxide	57-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
16413651-6	2006	Western blot analysis revealed that arecoline induced cyclin Bl, Wee 1, and phosphorylated cdc2 protein levels whereas it declined p21 protein expression in KB cancer cells.	Arecoline	36-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
16413651-7	2006	Nevertheless, arecoline induced p21, but decreased cdc2 and cyclin B1 protein levels in GK.	Arecoline	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
16518044-1	2006	At 120 K, 2,4-difluorobenzaldehyde benzoylhydrazone, C14H10F2N2O, (I), and 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde benzoylhydrazone, C14H10Cl2N2O, (II), are isomorphous and isostructural in P2(1)/n with Z" = 2.	c14h10cl2n2o	118-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-180
16282343-4	2006	Rapamycin induced an inhibition in the G1/S transition and a decrease in the mean MK ploidy via a diminution of p21 and cyclin D3 occurring at a transcriptional level.	Sirolimus	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
16508959-11	2006	Caveolin 1 induction and stresses with both IL-1beta and H2O2 up-regulated p53 and p21 and down-regulated phosphorylated retinoblastoma (Rb), suggesting that the p53/p21/Rb phosphorylation pathway, as well as prolonged p38 MAPK activation, may mediate the features of chondrocyte senescence induced by stress.	Hydrogen Peroxide	57-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
16549753-8	2006	RESULTS: There was increased expression of p16, p21, p53, BCLxL, and BCLxS genes with cisplatin treatment in the CCL23 and CCL23AS cells.	Cisplatin	86-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
16549753-14	2006	However, CAL27 cells still exhibited increased expression of p21 after treatment with cisplatin.	Cisplatin	86-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
16344270-9	2006	Violacein causes cell cycle block at G(1), upregulates p53, p27 and p21 levels and decreases the expression of cyclin D1.	violacein	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
16549753-15	2006	CONCLUSIONS: These results, in combination with increased expression of the p53 downstream effecter p21, indicate that the cisplatin-induced cell cycle arrest operates through the p16/p53-dependent pathway, and a caspase-independent pathway may be involved.	Cisplatin	123-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
16601291-9	2006	15d-PGJ(2) significantly inhibited estrogen-mediated proliferation of MCF-7 cells, and caused accumulation of p21 and p27 protein.	15d-pgj	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
16382479-2	2006	Hexahalogenated benzenes (C6Cl(6-n)Br(n), C6Cl(6-n)I(n), C6Br(6-n)I(n)) crystallise in two main packing modes, which take the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n and the triclinic space group P1.	Benzene	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-154
16229013-8	2006	Gefitinib promoted the cleavage of full-length p21 Bax into p18 Bax in mitochondrial-enriched fraction, a characteristic feature of Bax activation toward apoptosis.	Gefitinib	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
16415107-3	2006	The activation is not dependent on upstream elements but rather is due to direct targeting of p21ras by reversible S-glutathiolation of cysteine thiols as demonstrated by biotin-labeling techniques.	cysteine thiols	136-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
16415107-3	2006	The activation is not dependent on upstream elements but rather is due to direct targeting of p21ras by reversible S-glutathiolation of cysteine thiols as demonstrated by biotin-labeling techniques.	Biotin	171-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
16415107-4	2006	The time course of p21ras S-glutathiolation following peroxynitrite corresponds to the increase in its Raf-1 binding activity and translocation to the membrane.	Peroxynitrous Acid	54-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
16415107-5	2006	Moreover, p21ras S-glutathiolation and activation can be reversed by dithiothreitol, confirming the importance of a disulfide bond.	Dithiothreitol	69-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
16415107-5	2006	Moreover, p21ras S-glutathiolation and activation can be reversed by dithiothreitol, confirming the importance of a disulfide bond.	Disulfides	116-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
16415107-8	2006	These results indicate that peroxynitrite arising from NO donors or pathological stimuli such as oxLDL triggers direct S-glutathiolation of p21ras Cys-118, which increases p21ras activity and mediates downstream signaling.	Peroxynitrous Acid	28-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
16415107-8	2006	These results indicate that peroxynitrite arising from NO donors or pathological stimuli such as oxLDL triggers direct S-glutathiolation of p21ras Cys-118, which increases p21ras activity and mediates downstream signaling.	Cysteine	147-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
16229013-4	2006	Following 2-h treatment, gefitinib significantly inhibited EGFR autophosphorylation and subsequent downstream signaling pathway through Erk and Akt, and induced accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle at 24-h, accompanied by a concomitant increase in p21 transcript and increased expression of p27.	Gefitinib	25-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	270-273
16546993-8	2006	In contrast, low-dose CDDP killed cells in S phase, thereby causing an accumulation of G0-G1 cells (and increased p21 expression).	Cisplatin	22-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
16061352-5	2006	Flow cytometry analysis showed that diazene JK-279 induces G(2)/M phase arrest, mediated by the increase in p21 expression, and accompanied by an alteration in the expression of survivin.	diazene	36-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
16364249-0	2006	TP53 and P21 polymorphisms: response to cisplatinum/paclitaxel-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer.	Cisplatin	40-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
16152627-9	2006	The p53-MDM2 interaction and absence of p21 production were restored in cells treated with I3C and the ATM inhibitor wortmannin.	Wortmannin	117-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
16364249-0	2006	TP53 and P21 polymorphisms: response to cisplatinum/paclitaxel-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer.	Paclitaxel	52-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
16480579-19	2006	CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous WTA gene could inhibit the proliferation and colony forming ability of leukemia cells through up-regulating the expression of p21 and Cyclin A1 and arresting cell cycle at S phase.	5'-O-[(S)-ethoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]adenosine	23-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
16267097-2	2006	Competitive HDAC inhibitors disrupt the cell cycle and/or induce apoptosis via de-repression of genes such as P21 and BAX, and cancer cells appear to be more sensitive than non-transformed cells to trichostatin A and related HDAC inhibitory compounds.	trichostatin A	198-212	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
16467108-10	2006	Lovastatin affected various IR-induced stress responses in HUVEC: It attenuated the increase in p53/p21 protein level and impaired the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB, Chk-1, and Akt kinase but did not inhibit extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation.	Lovastatin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
16479163-8	2006	It was also shown that the association of p21 with p50 and other components of the pol delta complex increased in MCF7 cells treated with adriamycin.	Doxorubicin	138-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
16479163-9	2006	Our results suggested that p50 might target or anchor p21 to pol delta complex upon certain DNA damage such as adriamycin treatment.	Doxorubicin	111-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
17080554-7	2006	These results suggest that EGCG may have an inhibitory effect on UVB-induced photo-damage and apoptosis by blocking the cytokine secretion and the mRNA expressions of p53, p21 and c-fos genes.	epigallocatechin gallate	27-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
16513842-6	2006	In addition, we found that doxorubicin inhibited AR expression, and p21 protein completely disappeared after simultaneous treatment with trichostatin A and doxorubicin.	trichostatin A	137-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
16513842-6	2006	In addition, we found that doxorubicin inhibited AR expression, and p21 protein completely disappeared after simultaneous treatment with trichostatin A and doxorubicin.	Doxorubicin	156-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
16513842-9	2006	The protease/proteasome inhibitor MG132 protected AR and p21 from the effects of trichostatin A and doxorubicin and inhibited trichostatin A-induced cell death in AR-positive prostate cells.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	34-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
16513842-11	2006	The synergistic effect of simultaneous treatment with trichostatin A and doxorubicin is mediated via inhibition of AR expression, induction of protease activity, increased expression of p53, and proteolysis of p21.	trichostatin A	54-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
16513842-11	2006	The synergistic effect of simultaneous treatment with trichostatin A and doxorubicin is mediated via inhibition of AR expression, induction of protease activity, increased expression of p53, and proteolysis of p21.	Doxorubicin	73-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
16413407-4	2006	As for the positive controls adozelesin and cisplatin, arrest was accompanied by phosphorylation of ATM kinase; dephosphorylation of pRB; decreases in RF-C, cyclin D1, Cdc25A, and Cdc6; and increases in p21.	Cisplatin	44-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	203-206
16112786-0	2006	Molecular mechanism of cell cycle blockage of hepatoma SK-Hep-1 cells by Epimedin C through suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and increased expression of CDK inhibitors p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1).	epimedin C	73-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-197
16112786-6	2006	These data suggested that Epimedin C arrested the proliferation of these cells at G0/G1 phase through inhibition of CDK2 and CDK4 activities via an increased induction of p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1).	epimedin C	26-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
16505103-4	2006	The berberine-induced inhibition of proliferation of DU145, PC-3, and LNCaP cells was associated with G1-phase arrest, which in DU145 cells was associated with inhibition of expression of cyclins D1, D2, and E and cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 2, Cdk4, and Cdk6 proteins, increased expression of the Cdk inhibitory proteins (Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27), and enhanced binding of Cdk inhibitors to Cdk.	Berberine	4-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	330-333
16052517-0	2006	Oh8dG induces G1 arrest in a human acute leukemia cell line by upregulating P21 and blocking the RAS to ERK signaling pathway.	8-ohdg	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
16052517-3	2006	Simultaneously, oh8dG-treated KG-1 showed an increase in the oh8Gua content of DNA, upregulation of p21 (an inhibitor of cdk), and Ras inactivation.	8-ohdg	16-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
16052517-9	2006	We report that oh8dG induces the arrest of KG-1 growth at the G1 phase mainly by upregulating p21 and inactivating Ras.	8-ohdg	15-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
16550965-0	2006	Medroxyprogesterone acetate stimulates cdk inhibitors, p21 and p27, in endometrial carcinoma cells transfected with progesterone receptor-B cDNA.	Medroxyprogesterone Acetate	0-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
31394639-2	2006	Phosphorylation at Thr-145 and/or Ser-146 was reported to target p21 to the cytoplasm.	Threonine	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
31394639-2	2006	Phosphorylation at Thr-145 and/or Ser-146 was reported to target p21 to the cytoplasm.	Serine	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
31394639-7	2006	Further, lactacystin treatment enhanced T145A and S146A, but not T145D and S146D, which is consistent with the degradation of p21 by proteasome in the nucleus.	lactacystin	9-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
16343270-9	2006	SAHA lead to an upregulation of p21 in all cell lines and an upregulation of p27 in JeKo-1 and Granta-519 cells, while expression of p27 in Hbl-2 was not altered.	Vorinostat	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
16343270-11	2006	Treatment with NaB increased the expression of p21 in JeKo-1 and Hbl-2 cells, while in Granta 519 cells no effect was noted.	nab	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
16426974-2	2006	Here, we report small molecules that block lysine 382-acetylated p53 association with the bromodomain of the coactivator CBP, an interaction essential for p53-induced transcription of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 in response to DNA damage.	Lysine	43-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
16550965-7	2006	CONCLUSION: p21 and p27 may be related to progesterone-induced growth suppression in human endometrial adenocarcinoma.	Progesterone	42-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
16327987-5	2006	Cisplatin induced the accumulation of p53 and p21 proteins in A172 cells, but not in T98G cells.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
16280359-7	2006	p21 is normally induced only late after thymidine treatment.	Thymidine	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
16330856-1	2005	The title compound, C15H19NO5, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with four molecules in the asymmetric unit, which differ from each other in the orientation of their methoxy groups.	c15h19no5	20-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-79
16838851-3	2006	In addition to the GCV-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis via caspase-7/8, cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and accumulation of p53 and p21 were induced by GCV treatment.	Ganciclovir	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
16838851-3	2006	In addition to the GCV-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis via caspase-7/8, cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and accumulation of p53 and p21 were induced by GCV treatment.	Ganciclovir	161-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
16298082-3	2006	Neurofibrinomin, the protein product of the NF1 gene (neurofibromin gene (human)), is a guanosine triphosphate activating protein for p21(ras).	Guanosine Triphosphate	88-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
16328040-8	2006	Following dFdC + RT in OMS (% of cases), apoptosis and p21 expression increased (50%), p53 expression increased (75%) and cell proliferation decreased (75%).	dfdc + rt	10-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
16275167-4	2005	Cilostazol decreases the activity of phosphodiesterase type 3, leading to the accumulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, which initiates a cascade of events including upregulation of anti-oncogenes p53 and p21 and upregulation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF).	Cilostazol	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
16275167-4	2005	Cilostazol decreases the activity of phosphodiesterase type 3, leading to the accumulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, which initiates a cascade of events including upregulation of anti-oncogenes p53 and p21 and upregulation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF).	Cyclic AMP	94-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
16306677-1	2005	Crystals of m-carboxyphenylammonium monohydrogenphosphite, C7H8NO2+.H2PO3- (m-CPAMP), space group P2(1)/c, grown from aqueous solution undergo a reversible first-order single-crystal phase transition at Tc = 246 (2) K with a hysteresis of 3.6 K. The thermal behaviour of the sample was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments.	m-carboxyphenylammonium monohydrogenphosphite	12-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-105
16178003-3	2005	Proteasome inhibition with bortezomib has specifically promoted apoptosis of tumor cells through the stabilization of p53, p21, p27, Bax, and IkappaBalpha, resulting in nuclear factor kappaB inhibition.	Bortezomib	27-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
16193303-6	2005	Decitabine induced expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21, arresting AML cell lines in G1 of the cell cycle.	Decitabine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
16143523-0	2005	Parallel synthesis and biological evaluation of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one cytotoxic agents selective for p21-deficient cells.	5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro[1]benzothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one	48-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
16143523-3	2005	The 2-(1,4-dibenzodioxane)-substituted derivative 14 was identified as a highly selective and potent agent displaying an IC50 of 91 nM in the p21-deficient cell line.	2-(1,4-dibenzodioxane	4-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
16149052-0	2005	Genistein-induced neuronal differentiation is associated with activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and upregulation of p21 and N-cadherin.	Genistein	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
16149052-5	2005	Meanwhile, genistein also upregulated N-cadherin and p21 (a Cdk inhibitor), but downregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein (PCNA).	Genistein	11-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
16007142-6	2005	Furthermore, the kinase activities of Cdc2 and Cdk2 were significantly decreased following sodium butyrate treatment, accompanying downregulation of cyclin A and cyclin B, as well as upregulation of p21.	Butyric Acid	91-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
16049707-0	2005	Quercetin-induced growth inhibition and cell death in prostatic carcinoma cells (PC-3) are associated with increase in p21 and hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma proteins expression.	Quercetin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
16049707-6	2005	Addition of quercetin led to substantial decrease in the expression of Cdc2/Cdk-1, cyclin B1 and phosphorylated pRb and increase in p21.	Quercetin	12-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
16390854-8	2005	The down-regulation of the cyclin A, Bcl-2, and Bcl-X(L) expression with the simultaneous up-regulation of the p21 and Bax expression, and caspase-9 activation was observed in ECSC after bufalin treatment.	bufalin	187-194	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
16096850-7	2005	In OMS, apoptosis increased, cell proliferation decreased, and p53/p21 expression increased more pronounced following CDDP+RT.	Cisplatin	118-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
16049137-5	2005	Interestingly, EC overexpressing a mutant form of dynamin deficient in GTP binding (K44A) caused a selective inhibition in KDR protein level and endosomal vesicle formation and induced cell cycle arrest by inducing p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	215-218
16054204-6	2005	Significant independent association was evident between the p21 arginine allele (rare allele with frequency of 0.1) at codon 31 and CaCx, compared to HPV-negative cytologically normal controls (OR(age-adjusted) = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.00-4.06; P = 0.05).	Arginine	64-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
16054204-8	2005	The p21 arginine allele was significantly associated with CaCx in the p53 proline non-homozygous group of subjects (OR(age-adjusted) = 2.68; 95% CI: 1.21-5.91; P = 0.01), and specifically in the p53 heterozygous group (OR(age-adjusted) = 2.91; 95% CI = 1.12-7.56; P = 0.03).	Arginine	8-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
16054204-8	2005	The p21 arginine allele was significantly associated with CaCx in the p53 proline non-homozygous group of subjects (OR(age-adjusted) = 2.68; 95% CI: 1.21-5.91; P = 0.01), and specifically in the p53 heterozygous group (OR(age-adjusted) = 2.91; 95% CI = 1.12-7.56; P = 0.03).	cacx	58-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
16054204-8	2005	The p21 arginine allele was significantly associated with CaCx in the p53 proline non-homozygous group of subjects (OR(age-adjusted) = 2.68; 95% CI: 1.21-5.91; P = 0.01), and specifically in the p53 heterozygous group (OR(age-adjusted) = 2.91; 95% CI = 1.12-7.56; P = 0.03).	Proline	74-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
16054204-10	2005	However, the two risk factors, p53 proline homozygosity and p21 arginine allele, although part of a common causal pathway, appear to act in a mutually exclusive manner.	Arginine	64-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
16142311-7	2005	APC protein and p21 were also expressed at a higher frequency in HP (100%, 100%), and SA (67%, 83%), than in TA (29%, p&lt;0.03; 46%, p&lt;0.05).	sa	86-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
16142311-8	2005	MC (68%, 100%) showed a higher frequency of expression of APC protein and p21 than NMC (19%, p&lt;0.001; 45%, p&lt;0.01).	Methylcholanthrene	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
16027227-3	2005	Minerval is a derivative of oleic acid (OA) with an enhanced antiproliferative activity in human cancer cells and animal models of cancer, which is associated with PKCalpha activation and p21(CIP) overexpression.	Oleic Acid	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	188-191
15976015-2	2005	Inhibition of proliferation by TPA in PANC-1 cells was associated with an increase in the level of p21, but this was not observed in MIA PaCa-2 or BxPC-3 cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
16096427-4	2005	In MCF7 cells treated with usnic acid, although there was an accumulation of p53 and p21 proteins, the transcriptional activity of p53 remained unaffected.	usnic acid	27-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
15976015-3	2005	The TPA-induced increase of p21 in PANC-1 cells was blocked by bisindolylmaleimide or rottlerin (inhibitors of protein kinase C).	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
15976015-3	2005	The TPA-induced increase of p21 in PANC-1 cells was blocked by bisindolylmaleimide or rottlerin (inhibitors of protein kinase C).	bisindolylmaleimide	63-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
15976015-3	2005	The TPA-induced increase of p21 in PANC-1 cells was blocked by bisindolylmaleimide or rottlerin (inhibitors of protein kinase C).	rottlerin	86-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
32397049-1	2005	The SIESTA approach based on pseudopotentials and a localized basis set is used to calculate the electronic, elastic and equilibrium properties of P 21/c, Pbca, Pnma, Fm3m, P42nmc and Pa3 phases of HfO2.	hafnium oxide	198-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-153
16052566-7	2005	Our data also indicated that ERK activation and the potentiation of ATP calcium responses were sensitive to the src-like kinase inhibitor herbimycin A, p21(ras) farnesyltransferase inhibitor peptide, and some PKC inhibitors.	atp calcium	68-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
16171389-8	2005	We also show that p21 Max has an apparent KD (37 degrees C) of 7 x 10(-6), a value 10-100 times smaller than the b-HLH-LZ itself.	b-hlh-lz	113-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
16143778-1	2005	The racemic title compound, C20H20N4O4, crystallizes with Z"=2 in the space group P2(1)/c.	c20h20n4o4	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-87
16054119-3	2005	We showed that Cav3.1 activation resulted in the level of p21(ras)-GTP in the cells being rapidly decreased during the first 2 min, and then recovering between 2 min and 15 min.	Guanosine Triphosphate	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
16084079-8	2005	Further, silibinin modulates mitogenic and survival signalling, p53, Cip1/p21 and other cell cycle regulatory molecules to prevent UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis.	Silybin	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
16005212-1	2005	On the basis of a screening lead from an assay using a pair of p21 isogenic cell lines (p21-proficient cells and p21-deficient cells) to identify chemoselective agents, a series of novel thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(1H)-one-based analogs was prepared.	thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-one	187-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
16005212-1	2005	On the basis of a screening lead from an assay using a pair of p21 isogenic cell lines (p21-proficient cells and p21-deficient cells) to identify chemoselective agents, a series of novel thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(1H)-one-based analogs was prepared.	thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-one	187-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
16323045-1	2005	We have previously computed the structures of three loops, residues 591-596, 654-675 and 742-751, in the ras-p21 protein-binding domain (residues 568-1044) of the guanine nucleotide-exchange-promoting SOS protein that were crystallographically undefined when one molecule of ras-p21 (unbound to nucleotide) binds to SOS.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	279-282
15880691-6	2005	Furthermore, inhibition of ERK through addition of PD98059 stimulated p53 activation in MCF7 cells and also led to upregulation of p53 downstream targets, p21 and Bax, which is a proapototic member of Bcl-2 family triggering mitochondrial pore opening.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	51-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
15906320-1	2005	The mechanism of the hydrolysis reaction of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by the protein complex Ras-GAP (p21(ras) - p120(GAP)) has been modeled by the quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical (QM/MM) and ab initio quantum calculations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	44-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-113
15906320-1	2005	The mechanism of the hydrolysis reaction of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by the protein complex Ras-GAP (p21(ras) - p120(GAP)) has been modeled by the quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical (QM/MM) and ab initio quantum calculations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-113
15906320-4	2005	At the first stage, a unified motion of Arg789 of GAP, Gln61, Thr35 of Ras, and the lytic water molecule results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP).	Phosphates	162-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
15906320-4	2005	At the first stage, a unified motion of Arg789 of GAP, Gln61, Thr35 of Ras, and the lytic water molecule results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP).	Guanosine Triphosphate	181-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
15906320-4	2005	At the first stage, a unified motion of Arg789 of GAP, Gln61, Thr35 of Ras, and the lytic water molecule results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
16041086-0	2005	Structure of the clinopyroxene-type compound CaCuGe2O6 between 15 and 800 K. CaCuGe2O6 shows a strongly distorted clinopyroxene-type structure with P2(1)/c symmetry at 298 K. The Cu2+ ion at the M1 site is coordinated by six O atoms forming an octahedron, which deviates significantly from ideal geometry.	clinopyroxene	17-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-153
16041086-0	2005	Structure of the clinopyroxene-type compound CaCuGe2O6 between 15 and 800 K. CaCuGe2O6 shows a strongly distorted clinopyroxene-type structure with P2(1)/c symmetry at 298 K. The Cu2+ ion at the M1 site is coordinated by six O atoms forming an octahedron, which deviates significantly from ideal geometry.	cacuge2o6	77-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-153
16098148-5	2005	Doxycycline-induced expression of SEI proteins results in activation of the p21 gene and inhibition of cell growth, but the growth arrest was not suppressed by the siRNA-mediated knockdown of the endogenous p53 protein.	Doxycycline	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
16093429-4	2005	Transient transfection of H460 lung cancer cells and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) with antisense oligonucleotides (ASODN) against MDM2 resulted in a reduced level of MDM2 and increased levels of p21 and p53.	Oligonucleotides	119-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
16093429-4	2005	Transient transfection of H460 lung cancer cells and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) with antisense oligonucleotides (ASODN) against MDM2 resulted in a reduced level of MDM2 and increased levels of p21 and p53.	asodn	137-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
16323045-1	2005	We have previously computed the structures of three loops, residues 591-596, 654-675 and 742-751, in the ras-p21 protein-binding domain (residues 568-1044) of the guanine nucleotide-exchange-promoting SOS protein that were crystallographically undefined when one molecule of ras-p21 (unbound to nucleotide) binds to SOS.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
16323045-3	2005	More recently, a new crystal structure of SOS has been determined in which this protein binds to two molecules of ras-p21, one unbound to GTP and one bound to GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	159-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
15997071-0	2005	L-alanylglycyl-L-alanine monohydrate at 20 K. The X-ray crystal structure of the title compound, C8H15N3O4.H2O, at 20 K (space group P2(1)) reveals that the molecular conformation of the tripeptide is remarkably different from the water-free form (space group P2(1)2(1)2(1)) reported previously [Padiyar &amp; Seshadri (1996), Acta Cryst.	alanylglutamine	97-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-138
15855057-5	2005	Because several *NO-stimulated genes are transcription factors, we analyzed the mRNA expression profile in U937 cells exposed to DPTA-NO for 14 h. We found that long-term *NO treatment influenced transcription rates of a rather limited set of genes, including CIDE-B, BNIP3, p21/Cip1, molybdopterin synthase, and TRAF4-associated factor 1.	dpta-no	129-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	275-278
16080505-8	2005	RESULTS: D-allose had a significant inhibitory effect on ovarian cancer cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and caused a moderate G2/M arrest in the cell cycle, up-regulation of Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27 levels, and the induction of apoptosis in OVCAR-3 cells.	allose	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
15755852-6	2005	Using cultured rhesus OSE cells in vitro, we show that these levels of estradiol (1 mug/ml; approximately 3 mum) block the actions of serum growth factors, activate the G(1) phase retinoblastoma checkpoint, and induce p21, an inhibitor of kinases that normally inactivate the retinoblastoma checkpoint.	Estradiol	71-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	218-221
15755852-7	2005	We also show that estradiol increases p53 levels, which may contribute to p21 induction.	Estradiol	18-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
15956248-7	2005	Furthermore, treatment with ZM336372 led to a marked suppression of cellular proliferation and induction of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p18.	N-(5-(3-dimethylaminobenzamido)-2-methylphenyl)-4-hydroxybenzamide	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
15897584-1	2005	PURPOSE: Flavopiridol potently enhances the effect of irinotecan with cures in colorectal cancer xenografts, and is associated with modulation of several molecular targets, including p21, Differentiation-related gene 1 (Drg1), and p53.	alvocidib	9-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
15896711-7	2005	These appear to be followed by the specific activation of AMPK and the up-regulation of p53, p21, and Bax by genistein.	Genistein	109-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
15958577-8	2005	Although cisplatin treatment results in significant elevation in the expression of Fas ligand and intracellular p21 levels, expression of Siva-1 has no additional benefit.	Cisplatin	9-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
15750619-6	2005	However, lack of functional p21 resulted in the accumulation of cells in G2/M phase of the cell cycle and markedly enhanced p14 ARF-induced apoptosis that was, nevertheless, efficiently inhibited by the cell permeable broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk (valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-(O)-methyl)-fluoromethylketone).	benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone	251-259	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
15750619-6	2005	However, lack of functional p21 resulted in the accumulation of cells in G2/M phase of the cell cycle and markedly enhanced p14 ARF-induced apoptosis that was, nevertheless, efficiently inhibited by the cell permeable broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk (valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-(O)-methyl)-fluoromethylketone).	valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-(o)-methyl)-fluoromethylketone	261-313	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
15914890-2	2005	A new investigation establishes that Sr(2)YTaO(6) and the isostructural Sr(2)YNbO(6), distrontium yttrium niobium hexaoxide, in fact both adopt the commonly occurring monoclinic structure, with the space-group symmetry P2(1)/n.	sr(2)ytao	37-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	219-224
15914890-2	2005	A new investigation establishes that Sr(2)YTaO(6) and the isostructural Sr(2)YNbO(6), distrontium yttrium niobium hexaoxide, in fact both adopt the commonly occurring monoclinic structure, with the space-group symmetry P2(1)/n.	sr(2)ynbo	72-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	219-224
15914890-2	2005	A new investigation establishes that Sr(2)YTaO(6) and the isostructural Sr(2)YNbO(6), distrontium yttrium niobium hexaoxide, in fact both adopt the commonly occurring monoclinic structure, with the space-group symmetry P2(1)/n.	distrontium yttrium niobium hexaoxide	86-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	219-224
15605368-3	2005	Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) treatment down-regulates cyclins and CDKs and up-regulates the expression of the CDK inhibitor p21, but up-regulation of p27 or p53 was not detected.	benzyl isothiocyanate	0-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
15605368-3	2005	Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) treatment down-regulates cyclins and CDKs and up-regulates the expression of the CDK inhibitor p21, but up-regulation of p27 or p53 was not detected.	benzyl isothiocyanate	23-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
15897598-4	2005	In these models, both SAHA and m-carboxycinnamic acid bis-hydroxamide induced growth arrest and caspase-mediated apoptosis and increased p21 protein levels, retinoblastoma hypophosphorylation, BH3-interacting domain death agonist cleavage, Bax up-regulation, down-regulation of Bcl-2, A1, and Bcl-x(L) expression, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase-8, -9, -3, -7, and -2.	Vorinostat	22-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
15897598-4	2005	In these models, both SAHA and m-carboxycinnamic acid bis-hydroxamide induced growth arrest and caspase-mediated apoptosis and increased p21 protein levels, retinoblastoma hypophosphorylation, BH3-interacting domain death agonist cleavage, Bax up-regulation, down-regulation of Bcl-2, A1, and Bcl-x(L) expression, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase-8, -9, -3, -7, and -2.	carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide	31-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
15735718-5	2005	Here we demonstrate that DAP treatment of human cancer cells activates the p53-p21 pathway without activating other known mechanisms that inhibit Cdk4 and Cdk2 activities.	dap	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
15753078-5	2005	Accordingly, SP600125, the inhibitor of JNK, and wortmannin, the inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, which is the upstream activator of PKB, inhibited the increase in the cellular content of p21.	pyrazolanthrone	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
15753078-5	2005	Accordingly, SP600125, the inhibitor of JNK, and wortmannin, the inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, which is the upstream activator of PKB, inhibited the increase in the cellular content of p21.	Wortmannin	49-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
15753078-7	2005	When p21 expression was inhibited by cycloheximide, galectin-8 directed the cells toward apoptosis, which involves induction of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage.	Cycloheximide	37-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
15897421-11	2005	Supradose levels of docetaxel produced distinct protein expression patterns for regulators of the cell cycle (cyclins A and B, p21, and p27), apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP), and signal transduction (EGFR, pEGFR, pc-Jun, and pERK) in HNSCC, which supports a distinctive mechanism of action for supradose docetaxel levels.	Docetaxel	20-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
15846088-5	2005	The cell line that showed greatest reduction (85-90%) of p53 expression showed decreased p21 promoter activation after DNA damage with camptothecin, etoposide and MMS.	Camptothecin	135-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
15846088-5	2005	The cell line that showed greatest reduction (85-90%) of p53 expression showed decreased p21 promoter activation after DNA damage with camptothecin, etoposide and MMS.	Etoposide	149-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
15846088-5	2005	The cell line that showed greatest reduction (85-90%) of p53 expression showed decreased p21 promoter activation after DNA damage with camptothecin, etoposide and MMS.	Methyl Methanesulfonate	163-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
15735718-7	2005	Conversely, inhibition of p21 induction by cycloheximide or by p21 gene deletion prevents DAP-induced inhibition of Cdk4 and Cdk2 activities.	dap	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
15735718-8	2005	Attenuated p53 expression and p21 induction also eliminates DAP-induced G(1)-phase arrest and inhibition of Cdk4 and Cdk2 activities.	dap	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
15746940-2	2005	While p53 is constitutively acetylated at Lys320 in LNCaP cells, treatment with CG-1521, stabilizes the acetylation of p53 at Lys373, elevating p21 (and inducing cell cycle arrest).	cysteinylglycine	80-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
15746940-4	2005	TSA stabilizes the acetylation of p53 at Lys382, elevating p21 levels and inducing cell cycle arrest, but does not induce Bax translocation or apoptosis.	trichostatin A	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
15688362-10	2005	Increased nuclear localization of both p53 and p21(cip1) was observed in BDO2-treated cells, suggesting that the cell cycle arrest was p21(cip1)-mediated.	bdo2	73-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
15688362-10	2005	Increased nuclear localization of both p53 and p21(cip1) was observed in BDO2-treated cells, suggesting that the cell cycle arrest was p21(cip1)-mediated.	bdo2	73-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
15764647-0	2005	Ablation of either p21 or Bax prevents p53-dependent apoptosis induced by green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate.	polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate	84-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
15764647-13	2005	In summary, using isogenic cell lines and siRNA, we have clearly demonstrated that EGCG activates growth arrest and apoptosis primarily via p53-dependent pathway that involves the function of both p21 and Bax such that down-regulation of either molecule confers a growth advantage to the cells.	epigallocatechin gallate	83-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
16283548-1	2005	In previous studies, involving molecular modeling of wild-type and oncogenic forms of the ras-p21 protein bound to GTPase activating protein GAP and the ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange-promoting protein, SOS, we identified specific domains of GAP and SOS proteins that differ in conformation when the computed average structures of the corresponding wild-type and oncogenic complexes are superimposed.	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
16283548-2	2005	Additionally, in these previous studies, we have synthesized peptides corresponding to these domains and found that all of them inhibit either or both oncogenic (Val 12-containing) p21- and insulin-activated wild-type p21-induced oocyte maturation.	val 12	162-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
16283548-2	2005	Additionally, in these previous studies, we have synthesized peptides corresponding to these domains and found that all of them inhibit either or both oncogenic (Val 12-containing) p21- and insulin-activated wild-type p21-induced oocyte maturation.	val 12	162-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	218-221
15735718-9	2005	Together, these findings establish that activation of the p53-p21 pathway is responsible for the DAP-induced G(1)-phase checkpoint response and provide the first solid evidence that p21 induction by p53 during a DNA damage-induced G(1)-phase checkpoint response inhibits both Cdk4 and Cdk2 activities.	dap	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
15735718-9	2005	Together, these findings establish that activation of the p53-p21 pathway is responsible for the DAP-induced G(1)-phase checkpoint response and provide the first solid evidence that p21 induction by p53 during a DNA damage-induced G(1)-phase checkpoint response inhibits both Cdk4 and Cdk2 activities.	dap	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
15735718-7	2005	Conversely, inhibition of p21 induction by cycloheximide or by p21 gene deletion prevents DAP-induced inhibition of Cdk4 and Cdk2 activities.	Cycloheximide	43-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
15735718-7	2005	Conversely, inhibition of p21 induction by cycloheximide or by p21 gene deletion prevents DAP-induced inhibition of Cdk4 and Cdk2 activities.	dap	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
15792451-4	2005	[Co(dca)2(H2O)2].2(2,3,5,6-tmpdo) (3) is in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with a = 9.4739(3), b = 11.3876(3), c = 12.1778(3) A, beta = 98.967(1) degrees , V = 1297.74(6) A(3), Z = 4, and R1 = 0.0481.	,3,5,6-tmpdo	20-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-76
15819548-2	2005	All three oxides crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n (Glazer tilt system #10, a(-)a(-)b(+)), forming a 1:1 ordered rock salt lattice of the Na(+) and Os(5+) cations.	Oxides	10-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-64
15708847-5	2005	Additionally, compared with the full-length cyclin E-CDK2 complexes, the LMW cyclin E-CDK2 complexes are significantly more resistant to inhibition by p21 and p27, despite equal binding of the CKIs to the LMW complexes.	2-(4-Amino-N-ethylanilino)ethanol	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
15807891-9	2005	Patients and controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism (C/A transversion) in the third base of codon 31 of p21, which leads to a serine (Ser)/arginine (Arg) substitution.	Serine	148-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
15725471-2	2005	We have previously reported that patients with T-LGL leukemia were seroreactive against BA21, a 34 amino acid peptide derived from HTLV-I envelope protein p21.	D-Glucurono-6,3-lactonide	88-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
15807891-9	2005	Patients and controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism (C/A transversion) in the third base of codon 31 of p21, which leads to a serine (Ser)/arginine (Arg) substitution.	Serine	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
15807891-9	2005	Patients and controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism (C/A transversion) in the third base of codon 31 of p21, which leads to a serine (Ser)/arginine (Arg) substitution.	Arginine	161-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
15807891-9	2005	Patients and controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism (C/A transversion) in the third base of codon 31 of p21, which leads to a serine (Ser)/arginine (Arg) substitution.	Arginine	171-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
15805626-3	2005	In 2-chloro-N-(4-nitrophenyl)nicotinamide, C12H8ClN3O3, which crystallizes with Z" = 2 in space group P2(1)/n, the molecules are linked by two N-H...N hydrogen bonds into simple C(2)(2) (12) chains.	2-chloro-N-(4-nitrophenyl)pyridine-3-carboxamide	3-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-107
15805626-3	2005	In 2-chloro-N-(4-nitrophenyl)nicotinamide, C12H8ClN3O3, which crystallizes with Z" = 2 in space group P2(1)/n, the molecules are linked by two N-H...N hydrogen bonds into simple C(2)(2) (12) chains.	c12h8cln3o3	43-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-107
15763342-7	2005	Both albumin synthesis rate and ammonia removal rate improved for HepG2/tk incubated with FR228 and pioglitazone for 3 days, which induced nuclear transport of p21.	Ammonia	32-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
15763342-7	2005	Both albumin synthesis rate and ammonia removal rate improved for HepG2/tk incubated with FR228 and pioglitazone for 3 days, which induced nuclear transport of p21.	fr228	90-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
15763342-7	2005	Both albumin synthesis rate and ammonia removal rate improved for HepG2/tk incubated with FR228 and pioglitazone for 3 days, which induced nuclear transport of p21.	Pioglitazone	100-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
15821341-2	2005	After treatment with evodiamine for the indicated time periods, anti-apoptotic protein SIRT1 expression was decreased; p53 expression and its phosphorylation were both enhanced, whereas transient induction of downstream p21 was not enough to promote cell cycle arrest.	evodiamine	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	220-223
15797377-4	2005	We further show that RAD001 sensitizes cells to cisplatin by inhibiting p53-induced p21 expression.	Cisplatin	48-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
15745803-1	2005	A novel series of p21 chemoselective agents containing a pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl phenyl amides were identified by high throughput screening.	pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl phenyl amides	57-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
15745803-3	2005	The isopropyl carbamate derivative 34 was identified as a highly chemoselective agent displaying a potency of 51 nM in the p21 deficient cell line.	ISOPROPYL CARBAMATE	4-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
15752352-0	2005	Dehydroepiandrosterone inhibits the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by enhancing the expression of p53 and p21, restricting the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein, and is androgen- and estrogen-receptor independent.	Dehydroepiandrosterone	0-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
15694358-0	2005	Suppression of chondrosarcoma cells by 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 is associated with altered expression of Bax/Bcl-xL and p21.	15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2	39-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
15694358-5	2005	Among cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 was induced and up-regulated by 15d-PGJ(2), but p16 and p27 were not changed, suggesting that the involvement of p21 in inhibition of cell proliferation.	15d-pgj	78-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
15755327-8	2005	We further demonstrated that p53 and p21 protein expression were induced following the E/P and retinoid treatments.	Retinoids	95-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
15732961-5	2005	[(Pt(pip2NCN))2(mu-bpe)](CF3SO3)2 x 2CH2Cl2: monoclinic, P21/c, a = 10.1288(6) A, b = 16.3346(9) A, c = 17.4764(10) A, beta = 90.882(2) degrees , V = 2891.1(3) A3, Z = 2.	[(pt(pip2ncn))2(mu-bpe)](cf3so3)2 x 2ch2cl2	0-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-62
15868936-0	2005	Ellagic acid induced p53/p21 expression, G1 arrest and apoptosis in human bladder cancer T24 cells.	Ellagic Acid	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
15868936-6	2005	Ellagic acid also increased p53 and p21 and decreased CDK2 gene expression, that may lead to the G0/G1 arrest of T24 cells.	Ellagic Acid	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
15752352-5	2005	DHEA diminished the levels of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein and increased the expression of p53 and p21 mRNAs.	Dehydroepiandrosterone	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
15784690-12	2005	In addition, AZT induced an upregulation of cyclin D1 accompanied by a downregulation of the cyclin D1-associated inhibitors P18 and P57, and the G(1)-S check point gene P21, the net effect of which would be to foster a cell progression into S phase.	Zidovudine	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
15670932-3	2005	The crystal structure of a 3",5"-di-O-acetyl-protected derivative (monoclinic, P21, a/b/c= 6.666(1)/12.225(1)/24.676(2) A, beta=90.24(1) degrees , Z=4) shows exclusively C2"-endo deoxyribose puckering.	3",5"-di-o-acetyl	27-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
15514006-1	2005	Present studies show that LBH589, a novel cinnamic hydroxamic acid analog histone deacetylase inhibitor, induces acetylation of histone H3 and H4 and of heat shock protein 90 (hsp90), increases p21 levels, as well as induces cell-cycle G(1) phase accumulation and apoptosis of the human chronic myeloid leukemia blast crisis (CML-BC) K562 cells and acute leukemia MV4-11 cells with the activating length mutation of FLT-3.	Panobinostat	26-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	194-197
15715472-10	2005	The butyric acid and formaldehyde induced cell differentiation and increased p53 and p21 levels, suggesting that both affect cancer cells, the acid by inhibiting HDAC and the aldehyde by an as yet unknown mechanism.	Butyric Acid	4-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
15715472-10	2005	The butyric acid and formaldehyde induced cell differentiation and increased p53 and p21 levels, suggesting that both affect cancer cells, the acid by inhibiting HDAC and the aldehyde by an as yet unknown mechanism.	Formaldehyde	21-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
15715472-10	2005	The butyric acid and formaldehyde induced cell differentiation and increased p53 and p21 levels, suggesting that both affect cancer cells, the acid by inhibiting HDAC and the aldehyde by an as yet unknown mechanism.	Aldehydes	25-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
15859265-11	2005	Cu(3-apy)4NbOF5: monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n (No.	cu(3-apy)4nbof5	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-46
15711927-2	2005	Exposure of copper (10 and 25 microM) and zinc (10 and 25 microM) caused activation of p53 in ER+/p53+ human epithelial breast cancer MCF7 cells and resulted in up-regulation of p21.	Copper	12-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
15496615-6	2005	Expression of tumor suppressor p53 and the cell cycle regulatory protein p21 was stimulated within 5 to 10 min by cisplatin in p53-positive LX-1 small cell lung carcinoma cells, and this effect was blocked by NAC.	Cisplatin	114-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
15496615-6	2005	Expression of tumor suppressor p53 and the cell cycle regulatory protein p21 was stimulated within 5 to 10 min by cisplatin in p53-positive LX-1 small cell lung carcinoma cells, and this effect was blocked by NAC.	Acetylcysteine	209-212	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
15620706-3	2005	However, the induction of Chk2 (Thr68) phosphorylation and p21 expression by RPA1 siRNA transfection can be completely blocked by the ATM inhibitor caffeine.	Caffeine	148-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
15661398-8	2005	SAHA downregulated cyclin D1 and D2, and upregulated p53, p21, and p27.	Vorinostat	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
15662128-5	2005	Apoptosis induced by Bortezomib was associated with inhibition of the classical and alternative NF-kappaB pathways, upregulation of p53, p21 and p27 and activation of caspase cascade.	Bortezomib	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
15642166-12	2005	The p21 protein increased from 0.5 microM AZ-1, with the highest at 2 microM AZ-1.	2-aziridin-1-yl-3-((2-((2-(3-aziridin-1-yl-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)thio)ethoxy)ethyl)thio)naphthoquinone	42-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
15642166-12	2005	The p21 protein increased from 0.5 microM AZ-1, with the highest at 2 microM AZ-1.	2-aziridin-1-yl-3-((2-((2-(3-aziridin-1-yl-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)thio)ethoxy)ethyl)thio)naphthoquinone	77-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
15661398-9	2005	Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed a remarkable increase in the level of acetylated histones associated with the p21 promoter after SAHA treatment.	Vorinostat	145-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
15548565-5	2005	Using the ras activation assay, farnesylthiosalicylic acid inhibits p21(ras) binding to its substrate at comparable concentrations to those seen for superoxide inhibition.	farnesylthiosalicylic acid	32-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
15632825-3	2005	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of calphostin C (a protein kinase C inhibitor) on trichostatin A (a histone deacetylase inhibitor)-mediated upregulation of nuclear factor kappaB and p21 promotor transcriptional activity, as well as induction of apoptosis in lung and esophageal cancer cells.	calphostin C	43-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
15536518-2	2005	Therefore we are interested to improve the proliferation of primary myoblasts of DMD patients by a reduction in p21 using either antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) or short interfering RNAs (siRNA).	Oligonucleotides	139-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
15536518-2	2005	Therefore we are interested to improve the proliferation of primary myoblasts of DMD patients by a reduction in p21 using either antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) or short interfering RNAs (siRNA).	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	157-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
15632825-3	2005	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of calphostin C (a protein kinase C inhibitor) on trichostatin A (a histone deacetylase inhibitor)-mediated upregulation of nuclear factor kappaB and p21 promotor transcriptional activity, as well as induction of apoptosis in lung and esophageal cancer cells.	trichostatin A	90-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
15632825-9	2005	RESULTS: Exposure of lung or esophageal cancer cells to trichostatin A resulted in a dose- and cell-dependent 2-fold to greater than 20-fold increase of nuclear factor kappaB and p21 transcriptional activity.	trichostatin A	56-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
15632825-10	2005	Treatment with trichostatin A and calphostin C led to a 50% to 90% decrease of trichostatin A- mediated upregulation of nuclear factor kappaB and p21 activation.	trichostatin A	15-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
15632825-10	2005	Treatment with trichostatin A and calphostin C led to a 50% to 90% decrease of trichostatin A- mediated upregulation of nuclear factor kappaB and p21 activation.	calphostin C	34-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
15632825-10	2005	Treatment with trichostatin A and calphostin C led to a 50% to 90% decrease of trichostatin A- mediated upregulation of nuclear factor kappaB and p21 activation.	trichostatin A	79-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
15632825-11	2005	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB activity resulted in significant reduction (30% to &gt;99%) of trichostatin A- mediated activation of not only nuclear factor kappaB transcription but also p21 promotor activity.	trichostatin A	99-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	192-195
15632825-13	2005	CONCLUSION: Inhibition of protein kinase C abrogates trichostatin A-mediated upregulation of nuclear factor kappaB transcriptional activity and p21 expression that is associated with profound induction of apoptosis in lung or esophageal cancer cells.	trichostatin A	53-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
16391388-7	2005	Copper treatment resulted in the upregulation of p21, reprimo, stathmin, and Tp53INP1, all known to participate in cell cycle arrest.	Copper	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
15533642-19	2005	Phenylacetate activates p53 and p21 through inhibition of methyltransferase and farnesylation of the RAS protein.	phenylacetate	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
15456784-9	2004	Subsequently, quercetin increased the levels of total p53 (DO-1), phospho-p53 (serine 15), and p21 proteins, which were translocated to the nuclei in A549 cells.	Quercetin	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
15483186-8	2005	The indole-mediated cell-cycle arrest may be related to the increased levels of the CDK-inhibitors p21 and p27 (only induced by NI3C).	indole	4-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
15483186-8	2005	The indole-mediated cell-cycle arrest may be related to the increased levels of the CDK-inhibitors p21 and p27 (only induced by NI3C).	N-methoxyindole-3-carbinol	128-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
15456784-11	2004	Furthermore, transfection of a small interfering RNA of p21 enhanced the quercetin-induced cell death in A549 cells.	Quercetin	73-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
15456784-12	2004	Together, our results suggest that survivin can reduce the cell growth inhibition and apoptosis, and p53 elevates the p21 level, which may attenuate the cell death in the quercetin-treated human lung carcinoma cells.	Quercetin	171-180	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
15536623-8	2004	Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed a notable increase in levels of acetylated histones associated with the p21 promoter after treatment with suberoylanilide bishydroxamine.	suberoylanilide bishydroxamine	154-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
15530866-0	2004	MIBG, an inhibitor of arginine-dependent mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation, prevents differentiation of L6 skeletal myoblasts by inhibiting expression of myogenin and p21(cip1).	3-Iodobenzylguanidine	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
15601469-11	2004	RESULTS: Our results indicate that, in the colon carcinoma cell lines tested, sensitivity to DOX is associated with p21 upregulation upon drug exposure, and DOX cytotoxicity is potentiated by pre-treatment with TPL, but only in those cell lines in which p21 can be upregulated.	tempol	211-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
15601469-12	2004	CONCLUSIONS: p21 induction may significantly contribute to the response of colon adenocarcinomas cells to DOX treatment; and small molecules that can exploit p53-independent pathways for p21 induction, such as TPL, may find a place in chemotherapeutic protocols for the clinical management of colorectal cancer, where p53 function is often lost, due to genetic or epigenetic defects or to post-transcriptional inactivating mechanisms.	Doxorubicin	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
15601469-12	2004	CONCLUSIONS: p21 induction may significantly contribute to the response of colon adenocarcinomas cells to DOX treatment; and small molecules that can exploit p53-independent pathways for p21 induction, such as TPL, may find a place in chemotherapeutic protocols for the clinical management of colorectal cancer, where p53 function is often lost, due to genetic or epigenetic defects or to post-transcriptional inactivating mechanisms.	Doxorubicin	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
15601469-0	2004	Role of the p53/p21 system in the response of human colon carcinoma cells to Doxorubicin.	Doxorubicin	77-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
15601469-4	2004	The present study investigates the role of the p53/p21 system in the response of human colon carcinoma cells to treatment with the cytotoxic agent doxorubicin (DOX) and the possibility to modify the therapeutic index of DOX by modulation of p53 and/or p21 protein levels.	Doxorubicin	147-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
15601469-4	2004	The present study investigates the role of the p53/p21 system in the response of human colon carcinoma cells to treatment with the cytotoxic agent doxorubicin (DOX) and the possibility to modify the therapeutic index of DOX by modulation of p53 and/or p21 protein levels.	Doxorubicin	147-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	252-255
15601469-4	2004	The present study investigates the role of the p53/p21 system in the response of human colon carcinoma cells to treatment with the cytotoxic agent doxorubicin (DOX) and the possibility to modify the therapeutic index of DOX by modulation of p53 and/or p21 protein levels.	Doxorubicin	160-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
15601469-4	2004	The present study investigates the role of the p53/p21 system in the response of human colon carcinoma cells to treatment with the cytotoxic agent doxorubicin (DOX) and the possibility to modify the therapeutic index of DOX by modulation of p53 and/or p21 protein levels.	Doxorubicin	220-223	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
15601469-4	2004	The present study investigates the role of the p53/p21 system in the response of human colon carcinoma cells to treatment with the cytotoxic agent doxorubicin (DOX) and the possibility to modify the therapeutic index of DOX by modulation of p53 and/or p21 protein levels.	Doxorubicin	220-223	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	252-255
15601469-5	2004	METHODS: The relationship between p53 and p21 protein levels and the cytotoxic effect of DOX was investigated, by MTT assay and western blot analysis, in HCT116 (p53-positive) and HT29 (p53-negative) colon cancer cells.	Doxorubicin	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
15601469-7	2004	Finally, we evaluated the effect of pre-treatment with the piperidine nitroxide Tempol (TPL), an agent that was reported to induce p21 expression irrespective of p53 status, on the cytotoxicity of DOX in the four cell lines.	piperidine nitroxide tempol	59-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
15601469-7	2004	Finally, we evaluated the effect of pre-treatment with the piperidine nitroxide Tempol (TPL), an agent that was reported to induce p21 expression irrespective of p53 status, on the cytotoxicity of DOX in the four cell lines.	tempol	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
15601469-11	2004	RESULTS: Our results indicate that, in the colon carcinoma cell lines tested, sensitivity to DOX is associated with p21 upregulation upon drug exposure, and DOX cytotoxicity is potentiated by pre-treatment with TPL, but only in those cell lines in which p21 can be upregulated.	Doxorubicin	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
15530866-0	2004	MIBG, an inhibitor of arginine-dependent mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation, prevents differentiation of L6 skeletal myoblasts by inhibiting expression of myogenin and p21(cip1).	Arginine	22-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
15659824-9	2004	In the presence of estrogen, p21 and p53 protein expression were upregulated by high concentrations of genistein.	Genistein	103-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
15598783-6	2004	However, for p21 polymorphism, the frequencies of p21 Ser/Ser, Ser/Arg and Arg/Arg were 52 (26.0%), 85 (42.5%), 63 (31.5%) in case patients, 48 (26.5%), 82 (45.3%), 51 (28.2%) in BPH patients, and 76 (30.8%), 119 (48.2%), 52 (21.1%) in controls, respectively.	Serine	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
15548818-5	2004	The effects of trypan blue on the expression of apoptosis related and cell cycle arrest gene expressions including c-fos, c-jun, p53, and p21 were performed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining.	Trypan Blue	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
15598783-6	2004	However, for p21 polymorphism, the frequencies of p21 Ser/Ser, Ser/Arg and Arg/Arg were 52 (26.0%), 85 (42.5%), 63 (31.5%) in case patients, 48 (26.5%), 82 (45.3%), 51 (28.2%) in BPH patients, and 76 (30.8%), 119 (48.2%), 52 (21.1%) in controls, respectively.	Arginine	75-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
15598783-6	2004	However, for p21 polymorphism, the frequencies of p21 Ser/Ser, Ser/Arg and Arg/Arg were 52 (26.0%), 85 (42.5%), 63 (31.5%) in case patients, 48 (26.5%), 82 (45.3%), 51 (28.2%) in BPH patients, and 76 (30.8%), 119 (48.2%), 52 (21.1%) in controls, respectively.	Arginine	75-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
15554637-9	2004	The neutral complex is isomorphous with the Ni(II) complex and crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with cell dimensions a=13.8465(4) A, b=7.6453(2) A, c=15.0165(6) A, angles alpha=gamma=90 degrees , beta=103.2140(11) degrees , and Z=4.	Nickel(2+)	44-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-111
15589127-5	2004	A comparison of the amino acid sequences of these clones revealed greater production of p21 core protein among clones which contained alanine, rather than valine, at amino acid residue 189.	Alanine	134-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
15589127-6	2004	An exploration of Hepatitis Virus Database revealed that efficient p21 production related alanine at amino acid position 189 was observed in most clones of genotype 1 and in rare clones of genotype 2.	Alanine	90-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
15579018-8	2004	Furthermore apoptosis mechanisms in mesothelioma cells are under the control of the cholinergic system (nicotine antiapoptotic via induction of NF-kappaB complexes and phosphorilation of Bad at Serine(112), curare proapoptotic via G(0)-G(1) arrest p21(waf-1)-dependent, but p53-independent).	Nicotine	104-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	248-251
15520195-12	2004	The morphologic change and p21 up-regulation still were observed after Pg treatment.	Progesterone	71-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
15514285-4	2004	Both benzyl and phenethyl isothiocyanate increased DNA strand breakage, increased phosphorylation of the G(2)/M checkpoint enforcer Chk2, and induced p21 expression.	benzyl and phenethyl isothiocyanate	5-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
15514285-5	2004	These results suggest that the antiproliferative effects of benzyl and phenethyl isothiocyanates toward Caco-2 cells are due at least in part to the activation of the G(2)/M DNA damage checkpoint, and that sustained G(2)/M phase cell cycle arrest in response to benzyl and phenethyl isothiocyanates may be maintained through upregulation of p21.	benzyl and phenethyl isothiocyanates	60-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	341-344
15467202-6	2004	The protein and mRNA expression levels of p21 were up-regulated during saucernetin-8-dependent HL-60 cell differentiation, whereas the level of c-myc was down-regulated.	saucernetin-8	71-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
15492278-6	2004	In addition, some of the changes observed in SWB77 were opposite to those seen in methionine-dependent tumors, including expression of p21, TRAIL-R2, and TIEG.	Methionine	82-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
15492278-8	2004	Western blot analysis confirmed that methionine stress caused the following: (a) a marked increase of GADD45alpha and gamma in the wt-p53 cell lines SWB61 and 40; (b) an increase in GADD34 and p21 protein in all of the methionine-dependent lines; and (c) the induction of MDA7 and phospho-p38 in DAOY and SWB39, consistent with marked transcriptional activation of the former under methionine stress.	Methionine	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
15464472-13	2004	Combined gemcitabine and bortezomib enhanced p21 and p53 expression and induced S-phase and G2/M cell-cycle arrests, respectively.	gemcitabine	9-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
15464472-13	2004	Combined gemcitabine and bortezomib enhanced p21 and p53 expression and induced S-phase and G2/M cell-cycle arrests, respectively.	Bortezomib	25-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
15477762-6	2004	Whereas inhibition of HDACs by valproic acid or trichostatin A increases p21 expression, selective interference with HDAC2 by siRNA transfection or reconstitution of wildtype APC does not affect p21 expression.	trichostatin A	48-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
15475462-8	2004	OSI-461 enhanced the G0-G1 arrest caused by acyclic retinoid, and the combination of these agents caused a synergistic decrease in the levels of expression of cyclin D1 protein and mRNA, inhibited cyclin D1 promoter activity, decreased the level of hyperphosphorylated forms of the Rb protein, induced increased cellular levels of the p21(CIP1) protein and mRNA, and stimulated p21(CIP1) promoter activity.	(5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(4-pyridyl)methylene-3-(N-benzyl)-indene)-acetamide hydrochloride	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	335-338
20368822-8	2004	EGCG differentially regulated the expression of genes and proteins (Bax, p21, Retinoblastoma, cyclin D1, CDK4 and Bcl-X(L)) more than 2 fold, showing a possible gene regulatory role for EGCG.	epigallocatechin gallate	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
20368823-9	2004	Reduced phosphorylation of the pRb and the increased expression of p21(Cip1) were observed subsequent to treatment with phenylacetate.	phenylacetic acid	120-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
15475462-8	2004	OSI-461 enhanced the G0-G1 arrest caused by acyclic retinoid, and the combination of these agents caused a synergistic decrease in the levels of expression of cyclin D1 protein and mRNA, inhibited cyclin D1 promoter activity, decreased the level of hyperphosphorylated forms of the Rb protein, induced increased cellular levels of the p21(CIP1) protein and mRNA, and stimulated p21(CIP1) promoter activity.	(5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(4-pyridyl)methylene-3-(N-benzyl)-indene)-acetamide hydrochloride	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	378-381
15498118-4	2004	It is concluded that the NaB effect on cell proliferation/differentiation may be linked to its ability to induce expression of p21 mRNA and inhibit the cyclin D-CDK complexes.	nab	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
15354323-0	2004	Induction of apoptosis in a non-small cell human lung cancer cell line by isothiocyanates is associated with P53 and P21.	Isothiocyanates	74-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
15380677-8	2004	When p21 was knocked out, cell cycle of VSMC was not arrested by radiation, leading to increased proliferation.	vsmc	40-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
15258255-10	2004	In marked contrast, disruption of p53 and p21 was associated with increased sensitivity to C-1305.	C 1305	91-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
15326376-4	2004	We here show that inhibition of Chk1 but not of Chk2 in p21(-/-) and p53(-/-) cells caused a greater abrogation of G(2) block induced by ionizing radiation and cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum treatments and a greater sensitization to the same treatments than in the parental cell line with p53 and p21 wild type proteins.	cis-diamine	160-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
15360241-3	2004	Complex 1 x 6MeCN crystallizes in the triclinic space group P, and complex 2 x 2CH2Cl2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/m.	2ch2cl2	79-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-135
15326376-4	2004	We here show that inhibition of Chk1 but not of Chk2 in p21(-/-) and p53(-/-) cells caused a greater abrogation of G(2) block induced by ionizing radiation and cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum treatments and a greater sensitization to the same treatments than in the parental cell line with p53 and p21 wild type proteins.	Platinum(II) chloride	172-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
15289867-7	2004	Elevation of p21 but no p53 protein was observed in flavone-treated cells.	flavone	52-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
15231731-3	2004	Based on cDNA microarrays and protein analysis, we found that FUS at the intermediate peak pressure of 1.5 MPa induced a complex signaling cascade with upregulation of proapoptotic genes [e.g., p53, p21, Thy1 (CD 90)].	fusarubin	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
15289856-3	2004	Our results demonstrated that diosgenin induced G2/M arrest of cell cycle progression through p21 up-regulation in a p53-independent pathway and strong induction of apoptosis in HEL cells.	Diosgenin	30-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
15289867-10	2004	Additionally, flavone induced apoptosis in primary colon carcinoma cells COLO205-X with appearance of DNA ladders, caspase 3 protein procession, PARP protein cleavage, and an increase in p21 (not p53) protein.	flavone	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
15289867-11	2004	These data provide evidence to suggest that flavone is an effective agent to induce apoptosis in colorectal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo; activation of caspase 3, ROS production, and increasing p21 protein are involved.	flavone	44-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
15242777-4	2004	Here, we have found that treatment of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a zinc ionophore, resulted in the accumulation of several proteasome substrates including p53 and p21 in HeLa cells.	pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid	38-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
15548374-6	2004	In mechanistic studies, IP6 resulted in an increase in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27 levels, together with a decrease in cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and cyclin D1 protein levels.	Phytic Acid	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
15185342-7	2004	The TB-induced cell-cycle arrest in HUVEC occurred when the cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) activity was inhibited just as the protein level of p21 was increased and cyclin A was decreased.	Terbinafine	4-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
15185342-8	2004	Pretreatment of HUVEC with a p21 specific antisense oligonucleotide reversed the TB-induced inhibition of [(3)H]thymidine incorporation.	Oligonucleotides	52-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
15185342-8	2004	Pretreatment of HUVEC with a p21 specific antisense oligonucleotide reversed the TB-induced inhibition of [(3)H]thymidine incorporation.	Terbinafine	81-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
15185342-9	2004	Taken together, these results suggest an involvement of the p21-associated signaling pathway in the TB-induced antiproliferation in HUVEC.	Terbinafine	100-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
15016620-3	2004	Both S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine and diethylenetriaminelNONOate dose-dependently suppressed [3H]-thymidine incorporation in cultured HPASMC, and induced the expression of p53 and p21 protein.	S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine	5-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
15016620-3	2004	Both S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine and diethylenetriaminelNONOate dose-dependently suppressed [3H]-thymidine incorporation in cultured HPASMC, and induced the expression of p53 and p21 protein.	diethylenetriaminelnonoate	42-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
15242777-4	2004	Here, we have found that treatment of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a zinc ionophore, resulted in the accumulation of several proteasome substrates including p53 and p21 in HeLa cells.	pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid	67-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
15276867-9	2004	DCQ treatment also induced an upregulation of p53 and p21 protein levels, key mediators of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.	2-benzoyl-3-phenyl-6,7-dichloroquinoxaline-1,4-dioxide	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
15254726-5	2004	Expression of p53, p21 and bax was increased, and bcl-2 was decreased in melanoma cells after exposure to atRA at different concentrations for various periods of time.	Tretinoin	106-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
15254726-8	2004	These data indicate that p53, p21, bax and bcl-2 proteins were involved in atRA-induced apoptosis in melanoma cells.	Tretinoin	75-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
15159397-7	2004	Phosphorylation of p53(Ser-15) is necessary for an IR-induced G(1)/S arrest via transcriptional induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.	Serine	23-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
15159397-8	2004	Consistent with these data, repressing p53(Ser-15) phosphorylation by BRCA1-BARD1 depletion compromises p21 induction and the G(1)/S checkpoint arrest in response to IR but not UV radia-tion.	Serine	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
15254743-4	2004	Here, we show that SU5416 inhibited the expression of G1 cell cycle checkpoint regulators, p53, p21, p27 and MDM2 in ovarian carcinoma cells.	Semaxinib	19-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
15276867-11	2004	These findings indicate that DCQ inhibits the growth of ATL cell lines, at least in part, by inducing apoptosis mediated by the modulation of TGF expression, the upregulation in p53 and p21 proteins and downregulation in Bcl-2alpha expression.	2-benzoyl-3-phenyl-6,7-dichloroquinoxaline-1,4-dioxide	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
15207728-7	2004	Molecular analysis indicates that induction of p53 and p21, and suppression of pRB are associated with apoptosis induced by 5-FUdR and may partly explain the hypersensitivity of E6E7/OSE cells to low-dose 5-FUdR.	Floxuridine	124-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
15188005-7	2004	Electrophoretic mobility studies of p53 binding to DNA and of p21 expression indicated that E(2) inhibited resveratrol-induced, p53-directed transcriptional activity.	Resveratrol	107-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
15236515-2	2004	At room temperature, (SPh(3))Mn(dca)(3) (1) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, with a = 11.7079(5) A, b = 12.8554(5) A, c = 16.8605(6) A, beta = 100.666(2) degrees, and V = 2493.8(3) A(3).	Dichloroacetic Acid	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-92
15226418-6	2004	We found that large N-terminal tags also stabilize the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 but not that of substrates ubiquitinated on internal lysine residues.	Nitrogen	20-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
15330179-3	2004	The expression of p21 was detected after 24-h treatment with crambescidin 800, and an increase of the expression was observed after 48-h treatment, but there was no remarkable change in the expression level of p27.	crambescidin 800	61-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
15122344-0	2004	Induction of S-phase arrest and p21 overexpression by a small molecule 2[[3-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)propyl] amino]ethanol in correlation with activation of ERK.	[[3-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)propyl] amino]ethanol	72-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
15226418-7	2004	Consistent with this observation, lysineless p21 is ubiquitinated and degraded in a ubiquitin-dependent manner in intact cells.	lysineless	34-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
15226429-3	2004	CDK2 inhibition triggers a p53-p21 response via ATM- and ATR-dependent p53 phosphorylation at serine 15.	Serine	94-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
15122344-3	2004	Subsequently, we found that 2,3-DCPE could induce S-phase arrest and upregulate p21 but not p27 at a time- and dose-dependent but p53-dispensable manner in DLD-1 human colon cancer cells.	2-((3-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)propyl)amino)ethanol	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
15122344-5	2004	Moreover, p21 induction was dramatically attenuated by ERK inhibitors PD98059 and U0126.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	70-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
15122344-5	2004	Moreover, p21 induction was dramatically attenuated by ERK inhibitors PD98059 and U0126.	U 0126	82-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
15122344-6	2004	Induction of p21 and S-phase arrest and corresponding activation of ERK were also observed in ATM-defective cells, suggesting that 2,3-DCPE-induced these events were ATM-dispensable.	2-((3-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)propyl)amino)ethanol	131-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
15122333-3	2004	Inhibition of the proteasome complex with MG-132 increased p21 protein levels in TGCT cells but much more in A2780 cells, whereas cisplatin had no additional effect on p21 protein levels.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	42-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
15122333-5	2004	A similar induction of p53 irradiation, in contrast to cisplatin, substantially increased both p21 mRNA and protein expression in Tera cells.	Cisplatin	55-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
15122333-6	2004	Cisplatin-treated Tera cells expressing low p21 protein levels were Fas-sensitive, while irradiation-induced p21, which was mainly localized in the cytosol, rendered irradiated Tera cells resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
15122333-6	2004	Cisplatin-treated Tera cells expressing low p21 protein levels were Fas-sensitive, while irradiation-induced p21, which was mainly localized in the cytosol, rendered irradiated Tera cells resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
15122333-6	2004	Cisplatin-treated Tera cells expressing low p21 protein levels were Fas-sensitive, while irradiation-induced p21, which was mainly localized in the cytosol, rendered irradiated Tera cells resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	201-204	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
15122333-7	2004	Sensitivity of irradiated Tera cells to Fas-induced apoptosis was restored by short interfering RNA-specific suppression of p21 expression.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
15122333-8	2004	These results strongly indicate that the low p21 protein levels are caused by reduced p21 gene transcription and sensitize cisplatin-treated TGCT cells to the Fas death pathway.	Cisplatin	123-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
14996704-4	2004	Treatment with depsipeptide, as well as other histone deacetylase inhibitors, caused induction of histone acetylation, induction of p21 expression, and substantial apoptosis without significant cell cycle arrest.	Depsipeptides	15-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
15147952-4	2004	Using the proteasome-specific inhibitors, MG132 and lactacystin, we show that the p53, the cdk inhibitors p21 and p27, and cyclin A are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in human osteosarcoma cells.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	42-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
15147952-4	2004	Using the proteasome-specific inhibitors, MG132 and lactacystin, we show that the p53, the cdk inhibitors p21 and p27, and cyclin A are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in human osteosarcoma cells.	lactacystin	52-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
15174878-2	2004	The crystal structure prediction study, using a specifically developed anisotropic atom-atom potential for chlorothalonil, gave as the global minimum in the lattice energy a structure that was readily refined against powder diffraction data to the known form 1 (P2(1)/a).	tetrachloroisophthalonitrile	107-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	262-267
15059972-4	2004	Interestingly, the small GTP binding proteins of the p21Rho family and one of their effectors, p160 Rho-associated kinase, but not PKA, play a key role in redistribution of melanosomes at the extremities of the dendrites.	Guanosine Triphosphate	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
15135394-2	2004	During apoptosis, the N-terminal truncated version of Bax (p18 Bax) is often formed via cleavage of the p21 Bax by the calcium-dependent enzyme, calpain.	Calcium	119-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
15144874-4	2004	Pifithrin alpha reduced the number of apoptotic cells in the ischemic brain by inhibiting the binding of p53 to its DNA sites as it reduced the expression of the p53-related gene p21(WAF) without changing the amount of p53 protein itself.	pifithrin	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
15130767-0	2004	Anti-proliferation effect of 3-amino-2-imino-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one (BJ-601) on human vascular endothelial cells: G0/G1 p21-associated cell cycle arrest.	3-amino-2-imino-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one	29-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
15130758-9	2004	Cantharidin alone induced the apoptosis by phosphorylation of p53, up-regulation of downstream target genes, MDM2 and p21 and also cleaved caspase-3, whereas SB202190 and SP600125 caused the down-regulation of p53, MDM-2, p21 and cleaved caspase-3 after a co-treatment with cantharidin.	Cantharidin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
15130758-9	2004	Cantharidin alone induced the apoptosis by phosphorylation of p53, up-regulation of downstream target genes, MDM2 and p21 and also cleaved caspase-3, whereas SB202190 and SP600125 caused the down-regulation of p53, MDM-2, p21 and cleaved caspase-3 after a co-treatment with cantharidin.	Cantharidin	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	222-225
15323418-5	2004	Each cysteine mutant can increase endogenous p21 level, and also increased mortality rate of 293 cells when exposed to H2O2.	Cysteine	5-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
15064747-2	2004	In human U2OS cells, treatment with adriamycin causes p53 to be phosphorylated on all six serine residues tested, leading to the dissociation of p53 from MDM2 and transcription of the p21 and mdm2 genes.	Doxorubicin	36-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
15064747-5	2004	However, the increase of p21 and mdm2 mRNAs was indistinguishable following treatment with adriamycin or induction of p14ARF.	Doxorubicin	91-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
15130767-8	2004	Pretreatment of HDMVECs with a p21 antisense oligonucleotide, which blocked the expression of p21 protein, reversed the BJ-601-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into HDMVECs.	Oligonucleotides	45-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
15130767-8	2004	Pretreatment of HDMVECs with a p21 antisense oligonucleotide, which blocked the expression of p21 protein, reversed the BJ-601-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into HDMVECs.	Oligonucleotides	45-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
15130767-8	2004	Pretreatment of HDMVECs with a p21 antisense oligonucleotide, which blocked the expression of p21 protein, reversed the BJ-601-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into HDMVECs.	Tritium	150-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
15130767-8	2004	Pretreatment of HDMVECs with a p21 antisense oligonucleotide, which blocked the expression of p21 protein, reversed the BJ-601-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into HDMVECs.	Tritium	150-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
15130767-11	2004	In conclusion, these data suggest that BJ-601 inhibits HDMVECs proliferation by increasing the level of p21 protein, which in turn inhibits CDK2 kinase activity, and finally causes retardation of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase.	3-amino-2-imino-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one	39-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
15132777-0	2004	The expressions of p21 and pRB may be good indicators for the sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell cancers to CPT-11: Cell proliferation activity correlates with the effect of CPT-11.	Irinotecan	113-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
15150125-0	2004	Flavopiridol induces p53 via initial inhibition of Mdm2 and p21 and, independently of p53, sensitizes apoptosis-reluctant cells to tumor necrosis factor.	alvocidib	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
15059930-0	2004	Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 and p21-activated protein kinase mediate reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation of platelet-derived growth factor-induced smooth muscle cell migration.	Reactive Oxygen Species	77-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
15106975-2	2004	The single-crystal structure of the complex, [(PPh3)2Cu(mu-ppbCl2)Cu(PPh3)2](BF4)2 in the monoclinic space group P21/c, 18.2590(1), 21.1833(3), 23.2960(3) A with Z = 4 is reported.	[(pph3)2cu	45-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
15106975-2	2004	The single-crystal structure of the complex, [(PPh3)2Cu(mu-ppbCl2)Cu(PPh3)2](BF4)2 in the monoclinic space group P21/c, 18.2590(1), 21.1833(3), 23.2960(3) A with Z = 4 is reported.	(mu-ppbcl2)cu(pph3)2](bf4)2	55-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
15274354-8	2004	Within 24 hours of treatment, HMJ-38 influenced the CDK/cyclin B activity by increasing Chk1, Wee1 and p21 and decreasing Cdc25C protein levels.	2-(3'-methoxyphenyl)-6-pyrrolidinyl-4-quinazolinone	30-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
15132777-0	2004	The expressions of p21 and pRB may be good indicators for the sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell cancers to CPT-11: Cell proliferation activity correlates with the effect of CPT-11.	Irinotecan	179-185	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
15132777-4	2004	Among these proteins, the expression levels of p21 and pRB showed significant differences that were associated with the IC50 values for CPT-11 (P = 0.0339 and P = 0.0109, respectively).	Irinotecan	136-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
15132777-5	2004	Namely, the expression of p21 or pRB independently could be a good indicator of CPT-11 efficacy in ESCC.	Irinotecan	80-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
15067336-9	2004	We also demonstrated that cerivastatin exerts growth inhibitory effect through induction of p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and inhibition of cell cycle progression.	cerivastatin	26-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
15099969-3	2004	An association between endometrial cancer and the polymorphism at codon 31 (AGC/serine to AGA/arginine [Ser(31)Arg]) of the p21 gene, which is known to be a downstream mediator of p53, has also been reported.	agc	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
15099969-3	2004	An association between endometrial cancer and the polymorphism at codon 31 (AGC/serine to AGA/arginine [Ser(31)Arg]) of the p21 gene, which is known to be a downstream mediator of p53, has also been reported.	Serine	80-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
15099969-3	2004	An association between endometrial cancer and the polymorphism at codon 31 (AGC/serine to AGA/arginine [Ser(31)Arg]) of the p21 gene, which is known to be a downstream mediator of p53, has also been reported.	polyethylene glycol-glutaminase-asparaginase	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
15099969-3	2004	An association between endometrial cancer and the polymorphism at codon 31 (AGC/serine to AGA/arginine [Ser(31)Arg]) of the p21 gene, which is known to be a downstream mediator of p53, has also been reported.	Arginine	94-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
15099969-8	2004	Also, homozygous carriers of the p21 Ser allele showed a substantially increased risk of developing endometrial cancer (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.59-4.51) as compared to homozygous and heterozygous carriers of the Arg allele.	Serine	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
15099969-8	2004	Also, homozygous carriers of the p21 Ser allele showed a substantially increased risk of developing endometrial cancer (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.59-4.51) as compared to homozygous and heterozygous carriers of the Arg allele.	Arginine	206-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
15099969-9	2004	In addition, the combination of the pro allele containing genotypes of p53 and the Ser homozygous genotype of p21 posed a remarkably increased risk (OR 9.55, 95% CI 4.30-21.24) of endometrial cancer development.	Serine	83-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
15131062-9	2004	PS-341 not only inhibited nuclear localization of NF-kappaB but also activated the caspase cascade, increased p21 and Bax levels, and decreased Bcl-2 levels.	Bortezomib	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
15052205-11	2004	The proteins p21 and p53 were stabilized after treatment with bortezomib, correlating with a G(2)/M cell-cycle arrest.	Bortezomib	62-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
14976336-8	2004	In addition, the p21 mRNA level was elevated in 1,4-BQ-treated cells, suggesting that human CD34(+) cells utilize the p53 pathway in response to 1,4-BQ-induced DNA damage.	quinone	48-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
14976336-8	2004	In addition, the p21 mRNA level was elevated in 1,4-BQ-treated cells, suggesting that human CD34(+) cells utilize the p53 pathway in response to 1,4-BQ-induced DNA damage.	quinone	145-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
15252663-2	2004	The crystal structure has been determined for the triflate salt Ru(tpap)(CF3SO3)2.2H2O, which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n.	triflate salt ru(tpap)(cf3so3)2.2h2o	50-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-142
14715082-3	2004	The present study describes the increased expression of both mRNA and protein for the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 in response to deprivation of HepG2 cells for a single essential amino acid, histidine.	Histidine	210-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
14715082-5	2004	For p21, increase in mRNA by histidine depletion appeared to be independent of p53 transactivation, and the absolute level of p53 protein was unaffected by this treatment.	Histidine	29-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
14715082-6	2004	Histidine limitation caused an increase in the phosphorylation of ERK1/ERK2 (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase), and inhibition of the ERK signal transduction pathway resulted in a reduction in the starvation-dependent increase in p21 mRNA.	Histidine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	235-238
15074972-3	2004	[Pt(bpp)Cl]Cl.2H(2)O: monoclinic, P2(1)/n, a = 11.3218(5) A, b = 6.7716(3) A, c = 20.6501(6) A, beta = 105.883(2) degrees, V = 1522.73(11) A(3), Z = 4.	[pt(bpp)cl]cl.2h	0-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-39
14715082-3	2004	The present study describes the increased expression of both mRNA and protein for the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 in response to deprivation of HepG2 cells for a single essential amino acid, histidine.	Amino Acids, Essential	188-208	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
14977888-8	2004	Furthermore, this increase in intracellular ROS appeared to be responsible for the up-regulation of proapoptotic factor, p21, after treatment with 7-ketocholesterol but not in cells challenged with the oxysterol mixture.	Reactive Oxygen Species	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
14977888-8	2004	Furthermore, this increase in intracellular ROS appeared to be responsible for the up-regulation of proapoptotic factor, p21, after treatment with 7-ketocholesterol but not in cells challenged with the oxysterol mixture.	7-ketocholesterol	147-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
14987952-7	2004	Taken together, emodin displays effective inhibitory effects on the growth of various human hepatoma cell lines and stimulates the expression of p53 and p21 that resulted in the cell cycle arrest of HepG2/C3A cells at G(2)/M phase.	Emodin	16-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
15200053-1	2004	ras-p21 protein binds to the son-of-sevenless (SOS) guanine nucleotide-exchange promoter that allows it to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
15200053-1	2004	ras-p21 protein binds to the son-of-sevenless (SOS) guanine nucleotide-exchange promoter that allows it to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
15200053-1	2004	ras-p21 protein binds to the son-of-sevenless (SOS) guanine nucleotide-exchange promoter that allows it to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	124-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
15200053-8	2004	Overall, our current results suggest that SOS interactions with oncogenic ras-p21 may enhance ras-p21 mitogenic signaling through prolonging its activation by maintaining its binding to GTP and by allowing its effector domains to interact with intracellular targets.	Guanosine Triphosphate	186-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
15200053-8	2004	Overall, our current results suggest that SOS interactions with oncogenic ras-p21 may enhance ras-p21 mitogenic signaling through prolonging its activation by maintaining its binding to GTP and by allowing its effector domains to interact with intracellular targets.	Guanosine Triphosphate	186-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
15200054-1	2004	In the accompanying paper, we found, using molecular dynamics calculations, four domains of the ras-specific SOS guanine nucleotide exchange protein (residues 589-601, 654-675, 746-761, and 980-989) that differ markedly in conformation when SOS is complexed with either oncogenic (Val 12-) ras-p21 or wild-type ras-p21.	sulfur monoxide	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
15200054-1	2004	In the accompanying paper, we found, using molecular dynamics calculations, four domains of the ras-specific SOS guanine nucleotide exchange protein (residues 589-601, 654-675, 746-761, and 980-989) that differ markedly in conformation when SOS is complexed with either oncogenic (Val 12-) ras-p21 or wild-type ras-p21.	sulfur monoxide	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	315-318
15200054-1	2004	In the accompanying paper, we found, using molecular dynamics calculations, four domains of the ras-specific SOS guanine nucleotide exchange protein (residues 589-601, 654-675, 746-761, and 980-989) that differ markedly in conformation when SOS is complexed with either oncogenic (Val 12-) ras-p21 or wild-type ras-p21.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
15200054-1	2004	In the accompanying paper, we found, using molecular dynamics calculations, four domains of the ras-specific SOS guanine nucleotide exchange protein (residues 589-601, 654-675, 746-761, and 980-989) that differ markedly in conformation when SOS is complexed with either oncogenic (Val 12-) ras-p21 or wild-type ras-p21.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	315-318
15200054-3	2004	We have now synthesized peptides corresponding to these four domains and find that all of them block Val 12-ras-p21-induced oocyte maturation.	Valine	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
15200054-3	2004	We have now synthesized peptides corresponding to these four domains and find that all of them block Val 12-ras-p21-induced oocyte maturation.	Radium	107-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
15041706-9	2004	Treatment of lung carcinoma cells with the PPARgamma ligands PGJ2, ciglitazone, troglizaone, and GW1929 elevated p21 mRNA and protein levels and reduced cyclin D1 mRNA levels.	ciglitazone	67-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
14980826-2	2004	Two polymer chains and four iodide ions (I(-)) crystallized in a monoclinic unit cell with dimensions a = 9.46(2), b = 9.79(2)], c (fiber axis)=10.33(2)A, beta = 105.2(2) degrees and a space group P2(1).	Polymers	4-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-202
15001399-7	2004	In MCF-7 cells, the metal treatment increased the phosphorylation of p53 at serine 15, up-regulated p21 expression, and resulted in cell-cycle arrest in G1 phase with apoptosis.	Metals	20-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
15041706-9	2004	Treatment of lung carcinoma cells with the PPARgamma ligands PGJ2, ciglitazone, troglizaone, and GW1929 elevated p21 mRNA and protein levels and reduced cyclin D1 mRNA levels.	troglizaone	80-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
15041706-11	2004	In addition, p21 antisense oligonucleotides inhibited PPARgamma ligand-induced p21 protein expression and significantly blocked lung carcinoma cell growth inhibition induced by PPARgamma ligands.	Oligonucleotides	27-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
15041706-11	2004	In addition, p21 antisense oligonucleotides inhibited PPARgamma ligand-induced p21 protein expression and significantly blocked lung carcinoma cell growth inhibition induced by PPARgamma ligands.	Oligonucleotides	27-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
14592809-8	2004	Rapamycin also induced expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21(cip) and p27(kip), consistent with cell cycle withdrawal.	Sirolimus	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
14975768-3	2004	The growth inhibitory effect induced by paclitaxel correlated with levels of intracellular p21 and resulted in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.	Paclitaxel	40-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
14979728-0	2004	Mechanism of p21Ras S-nitrosylation and kinetics of nitric oxide-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange.	Nitric Oxide	52-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
15025498-3	2004	Our studies of the effects of noncytotoxic concentrations of Cd2+ on the levels of p53 and p21 in (+/-)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE)-treated human fibroblasts showed that Cd2+ decreased BPDE-induced p21 levels in a dose-dependent manner whereas p53 accumulation is attenuated only at higher noncytotoxic concentrations of cadmium.	pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide	117-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
15025498-8	2004	Our findings indicate that cadmium not only inhibits NER pathway-dependent repair of BPDE-damaged DNA but also impairs p53 and p21 responses and overrides BPDE-induced G1-S cell cycle arrest.	Cadmium	27-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
14757188-5	2004	Furthermore, the nuclear export inhibitor leptomycin B showed a similar synergy with IR as did DRB regarding ser15 phosphorylation of p53 and p21 induction.	leptomycin B	42-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
14712481-5	2004	These effects, associated with an up-regulation of p53, p21 and bax, a shuttling of p53 protein into the nucleus and a down-regulation of bcl-2, survivin and p27 protein, were reversed by the simultaneous addition of guanine or guanosine and were more evident using nondialysed serum containing hypoxanthine.	Guanine	217-224	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
14757188-5	2004	Furthermore, the nuclear export inhibitor leptomycin B showed a similar synergy with IR as did DRB regarding ser15 phosphorylation of p53 and p21 induction.	Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
15075671-2	2004	MEN15658 induces p53 accumulation, and activation of gadd-45, p21, c-fos and bcl-2 family genes in human ovarian carcinoma A2780 cell line.	2-((1,10)phenanthrolin-2-ylhydrazono)-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphthalen-1-one	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
14729643-3	2004	Here, we discovered a novel function of the chemopreventive agent resveratrol: resveratrol is a potent sensitizer of tumor cells for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis through p53-independent induction of p21 and p21-mediated cell cycle arrest associated with survivin depletion.	Resveratrol	66-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	252-255
14871987-6	2004	Deguelin treatment did not affect Bcl-2 protein levels but increased expression levels of the proapoptotic protein p53 and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 in the squamous HBE cells.	deguelin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
15051324-7	2004	With the aim to investigate the mechanisms underlying the quenching of 7K-dependent apoptosis by the oxysterol mixture, we found that the combined oxysterol mixture counteracted the ability of 7K given alone to strongly increase the steady-state level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages as well as the up-regulation of the pro-apoptotic factor p21 and the triggering of the mitochondria-dependent pathway of apoptosis.	Oxysterols	147-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	357-360
14719078-0	2004	Protein levels of p21, p27, cyclin E and Bax predict sensitivity to cisplatin and paclitaxel in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.	Cisplatin	68-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
14719078-0	2004	Protein levels of p21, p27, cyclin E and Bax predict sensitivity to cisplatin and paclitaxel in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.	Paclitaxel	82-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
14719078-7	2004	Cells with strong expression of p21, p27, or Bax showed significantly higher sensitivity to cisplatin, and cells with strong expression of Bax or weak expression of cyclin E showed significantly higher sensitivity to paclitaxel.	Cisplatin	92-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
14719078-8	2004	Cisplatin most effectively killed cells expressing both p21 and p27 or either at G1 phase.	Cisplatin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
14977084-0	2004	Molecular analysis of p21 promoter activity isolated from squamous carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck under the influence of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 and its analogs.	Calcitriol	132-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
14977084-2	2004	For squamous carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck (SCCHN) we could show that this antiproliferative activity of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 is due to induced expression of the cell-cycle inhibitory proteins p21 and p27, causing an arrest in the G0/G1 cell-cycle phase.	Calcitriol	117-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
14977084-8	2004	CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the cell-cycle inhibitor protein p21 is a direct target gene of biologically active 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3, inducing G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest.	Calcitriol	127-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
14729643-3	2004	Here, we discovered a novel function of the chemopreventive agent resveratrol: resveratrol is a potent sensitizer of tumor cells for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis through p53-independent induction of p21 and p21-mediated cell cycle arrest associated with survivin depletion.	Resveratrol	79-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	252-255
14729643-3	2004	Here, we discovered a novel function of the chemopreventive agent resveratrol: resveratrol is a potent sensitizer of tumor cells for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis through p53-independent induction of p21 and p21-mediated cell cycle arrest associated with survivin depletion.	Resveratrol	79-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	260-263
14729643-6	2004	Likewise, resveratrol-mediated cell cycle arrest followed by survivin depletion and sensitization for TRAIL was impaired in p21- deficient cells.	Resveratrol	10-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
15093128-4	2004	This type of calcium signal promotes activation of the transcription factor CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) leading to cell cycle arrest in G1 phase via transactivation of p53/p21 signaling pathways.	Calcium	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
14734613-9	2004	We postulate that the immune stimulatory effect of allicin is mediated by redox-sensitive signaling such as activation of p21(ras).	allicin	51-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
14744786-1	2004	We have synthesized a histone deacetylase inhibitor, NVP-LAQ824, a cinnamic hydroxamic acid, that inhibited in vitro enzymatic activities and transcriptionally activated the p21 promoter in reporter gene assays.	LAQ824	53-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
14744786-1	2004	We have synthesized a histone deacetylase inhibitor, NVP-LAQ824, a cinnamic hydroxamic acid, that inhibited in vitro enzymatic activities and transcriptionally activated the p21 promoter in reporter gene assays.	cinnamic hydroxamic acid	67-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
14667929-5	2004	Western blot analysis revealed that the protein level of p21 increased after DPTH treated.	diphenylthiohydantoin	77-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
14667929-7	2004	Immunoprecipitation showed that the formations of the CDK2-p21 and CDK4-p21 complex, but not the CDK2-p27 and CDK4-p27 complex, were increased in the DPTH-treated HUVEC.	diphenylthiohydantoin	150-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
14667929-7	2004	Immunoprecipitation showed that the formations of the CDK2-p21 and CDK4-p21 complex, but not the CDK2-p27 and CDK4-p27 complex, were increased in the DPTH-treated HUVEC.	diphenylthiohydantoin	150-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
14667929-9	2004	Pretreatment of HUVEC with a p21 antisense oligonucleotide reversed the DPTH-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into HUVEC.	Oligonucleotides	43-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
14667929-9	2004	Pretreatment of HUVEC with a p21 antisense oligonucleotide reversed the DPTH-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into HUVEC.	diphenylthiohydantoin	72-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
14667929-9	2004	Pretreatment of HUVEC with a p21 antisense oligonucleotide reversed the DPTH-induced inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into HUVEC.	Tritium	100-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
14667929-10	2004	In conclusion, these data suggest that DPTH inhibits HUVEC proliferation by increasing the level of p21 protein, which in turn inhibits CDK2 and CDK4 kinase activities, and finally interrupts the cell cycle.	diphenylthiohydantoin	39-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
14729643-3	2004	Here, we discovered a novel function of the chemopreventive agent resveratrol: resveratrol is a potent sensitizer of tumor cells for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis through p53-independent induction of p21 and p21-mediated cell cycle arrest associated with survivin depletion.	Resveratrol	66-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	260-263
14751837-6	2003	The antisense oligonucleotides also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	Oligonucleotides	14-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
15566959-8	2004	After 1 microM cisplatin treatment, Xrel3 had an anti-apoptotic effect, based on significantly lower levels of apoptotic proteins, including caspase-8, caspase-3 and p21.	Cisplatin	15-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
15566959-10	2004	After 5 microM cisplatin treatment, expression of HeLa Xrel3 had an apoptotic effect, based on significantly increased expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 and apoptotic proteins, including cleaved PARP, caspase-8, and caspase-3.	Cisplatin	15-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
15587392-10	2004	Both ATRA and/or sodium butyrate stimulated p21 expression at the mRNA levels.	Tretinoin	5-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
15587392-10	2004	Both ATRA and/or sodium butyrate stimulated p21 expression at the mRNA levels.	Butyric Acid	17-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
15587392-11	2004	Our results suggest that the effect of sodium butyrate on cell proliferation/differentiation might be linked to its ability to induce expression of p21 mRNA and inhibit the cyclin-cdk complexes.	Butyric Acid	39-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
14601052-7	2003	However, ActD, DOX and CDDP downregulated expression of cFLIP in OS cells as well as expression of p21 in normal hOBs.	Doxorubicin	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
14623034-6	2003	In addition, a short-time incubation of SH-SY5Y cells with phenformin induced enhanced and transient expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 suggesting that phenformin causes inhibition of cell cycle progression prior to induction of apoptosis.	Phenformin	59-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
14623034-6	2003	In addition, a short-time incubation of SH-SY5Y cells with phenformin induced enhanced and transient expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 suggesting that phenformin causes inhibition of cell cycle progression prior to induction of apoptosis.	Phenformin	160-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
14751837-6	2003	The antisense oligonucleotides also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	10-hydroxycamptothecin	123-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
14751837-6	2003	The antisense oligonucleotides also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	Doxorubicin	147-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
14751837-6	2003	The antisense oligonucleotides also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	Fluorouracil	159-173	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
14751837-6	2003	The antisense oligonucleotides also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	Paclitaxel	179-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
14676132-6	2003	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The efficacy of combination of gamma-irradiation and flavopiridol was tested in vitro in MKN-74 and HCT-116 cells and correlated to changes in p21 expression.	alvocidib	74-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
14679005-5	2003	Coadministration of 17-AAG blocked SAHA-mediated induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(CIP1) and resulted in reduced expression of p27(KIP1) and p34(cdc2).	tanespimycin	20-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
14679005-5	2003	Coadministration of 17-AAG blocked SAHA-mediated induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(CIP1) and resulted in reduced expression of p27(KIP1) and p34(cdc2).	Vorinostat	35-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
14632777-4	2003	Western blotting of cell cycle proteins showed that STI571 increased the levels of p21 and p16.	Imatinib Mesylate	52-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
14676132-12	2003	Examination of the p21 status of HCT-116 and MKN-74 cells, after treatment with sequential gamma-irradiation and flavopiridol, indicated a loss of p21 protein expression.	alvocidib	113-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
14676132-14	2003	HCT-116 cells that lack p21 (p21(-/-)) also exhibited sensitization to gamma-irradiation and showed an even greater enhancement of gamma-irradiation-induced apoptosis by flavopiridol when compared with the parental HCT-116 cells.	alvocidib	170-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
14709802-5	2003	Treatment of cells with 1 mM NaB or 1 nM TGF 1 for 4 d decreased cell proliferation with a concomitant increase in the cell cycle protein p21.	nab	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
14607331-2	2003	One polymorphism in the p21 codon 31 produces variant proteins with an amino acid change (serine (ser) or arginine (arg)).	Serine	90-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
14679005-7	2003	Enforced expression of doxycycline-inducible p21(CIP1) or constitutively active MEK1 significantly diminished 17-AAG/SAHA-mediated lethality, indicating that interference with ERK activation and p21(CIP1) induction play important functional roles in the lethal effects of this regimen.	Doxycycline	23-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
14679005-7	2003	Enforced expression of doxycycline-inducible p21(CIP1) or constitutively active MEK1 significantly diminished 17-AAG/SAHA-mediated lethality, indicating that interference with ERK activation and p21(CIP1) induction play important functional roles in the lethal effects of this regimen.	Doxycycline	23-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
14679005-7	2003	Enforced expression of doxycycline-inducible p21(CIP1) or constitutively active MEK1 significantly diminished 17-AAG/SAHA-mediated lethality, indicating that interference with ERK activation and p21(CIP1) induction play important functional roles in the lethal effects of this regimen.	tanespimycin	110-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
14679005-7	2003	Enforced expression of doxycycline-inducible p21(CIP1) or constitutively active MEK1 significantly diminished 17-AAG/SAHA-mediated lethality, indicating that interference with ERK activation and p21(CIP1) induction play important functional roles in the lethal effects of this regimen.	tanespimycin	110-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	195-198
14679005-7	2003	Enforced expression of doxycycline-inducible p21(CIP1) or constitutively active MEK1 significantly diminished 17-AAG/SAHA-mediated lethality, indicating that interference with ERK activation and p21(CIP1) induction play important functional roles in the lethal effects of this regimen.	Vorinostat	117-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
14612423-8	2003	Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to show that the proline repeat deletion mutant p53 is bound to the p21 promoter in vivo, but it is not acetylated, indicating that proline-directed acetylation of p53 is a post-DNA binding event.	Proline	56-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
14612423-8	2003	Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to show that the proline repeat deletion mutant p53 is bound to the p21 promoter in vivo, but it is not acetylated, indicating that proline-directed acetylation of p53 is a post-DNA binding event.	Proline	171-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
14669326-13	2003	In response to oil A, P21 expression was increased, but P27 expression was not affected.	Oil A	15-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
14607331-2	2003	One polymorphism in the p21 codon 31 produces variant proteins with an amino acid change (serine (ser) or arginine (arg)).	Serine	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
14607331-2	2003	One polymorphism in the p21 codon 31 produces variant proteins with an amino acid change (serine (ser) or arginine (arg)).	Arginine	106-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
14607331-2	2003	One polymorphism in the p21 codon 31 produces variant proteins with an amino acid change (serine (ser) or arginine (arg)).	Arginine	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
14633737-9	2003	Treatment with Let, Tam, or E2W resulted in a dose- and time-dependent increase in active caspase-7 and up-regulation of p53 and p21 protein.	Letrozole	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
14606858-8	2003	Cr(N)(pyr-dtc)(2) (3) crystallizes as orange prisms in the monoclinic space group P21/c with cell parameters a = 14.8592(14) A, b = 8.5575(5) A, c = 11.8267(12) A, beta = 106.528(7) degrees, V = 1441.7(2) A(3), Z = 4.	corrin	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
14606858-8	2003	Cr(N)(pyr-dtc)(2) (3) crystallizes as orange prisms in the monoclinic space group P21/c with cell parameters a = 14.8592(14) A, b = 8.5575(5) A, c = 11.8267(12) A, beta = 106.528(7) degrees, V = 1441.7(2) A(3), Z = 4.	pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid	6-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
14633737-9	2003	Treatment with Let, Tam, or E2W resulted in a dose- and time-dependent increase in active caspase-7 and up-regulation of p53 and p21 protein.	Tamoxifen	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
14640056-2	2003	The mechanisms by which acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs, including COX-2 inhibitors, exert this effect include: inhibition of COX-2, induction of apoptosis and induction of the P21 protein that controls the development of crypt cells.	Aspirin	24-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
14614447-2	2003	Here, we report that CP-31398 induces p53 reporter gene activity and p21 expression in all of 11 glioma cell lines harboring wild-type or mutant p53, but not in p53-null LN-308 cells.	CP 31398	21-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
12933701-6	2003	High glucose induced p21 and p27 in control cells but not in cells overexpressing HO-1.	Glucose	5-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
14688479-6	2003	We demonstrated that bortezomib induced p53, and activated its downstream genes p21, PUMA and Bax in a p53-dependent fashion.	Bortezomib	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
14688479-8	2003	Surprisingly, we found that bortezomib-induced apoptosis was markedly enhanced in the p21-knockout cells, while significantly decreased in the BAX-knockout cells.	Bortezomib	28-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
14532004-3	2003	Ubiquitinylated forms of p21 and p21(K0), a p21 mutant missing all lysines, are detected in vivo and in vitro, showing that the presence of lysines is dispensable for p21 ubiquitinylation.	Lysine	67-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
14532004-3	2003	Ubiquitinylated forms of p21 and p21(K0), a p21 mutant missing all lysines, are detected in vivo and in vitro, showing that the presence of lysines is dispensable for p21 ubiquitinylation.	Lysine	67-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
14532004-3	2003	Ubiquitinylated forms of p21 and p21(K0), a p21 mutant missing all lysines, are detected in vivo and in vitro, showing that the presence of lysines is dispensable for p21 ubiquitinylation.	Lysine	67-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
14532004-3	2003	Ubiquitinylated forms of p21 and p21(K0), a p21 mutant missing all lysines, are detected in vivo and in vitro, showing that the presence of lysines is dispensable for p21 ubiquitinylation.	Lysine	67-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
14532004-3	2003	Ubiquitinylated forms of p21 and p21(K0), a p21 mutant missing all lysines, are detected in vivo and in vitro, showing that the presence of lysines is dispensable for p21 ubiquitinylation.	Lysine	140-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
14532004-3	2003	Ubiquitinylated forms of p21 and p21(K0), a p21 mutant missing all lysines, are detected in vivo and in vitro, showing that the presence of lysines is dispensable for p21 ubiquitinylation.	Lysine	140-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
14532004-3	2003	Ubiquitinylated forms of p21 and p21(K0), a p21 mutant missing all lysines, are detected in vivo and in vitro, showing that the presence of lysines is dispensable for p21 ubiquitinylation.	Lysine	140-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
14532004-3	2003	Ubiquitinylated forms of p21 and p21(K0), a p21 mutant missing all lysines, are detected in vivo and in vitro, showing that the presence of lysines is dispensable for p21 ubiquitinylation.	Lysine	140-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
14532004-4	2003	Instead, the free amino group of the N-terminal methionine of p21 is a site for ubiquitinylation in vivo.	Methionine	48-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
14532004-5	2003	Although wild-type p21 is more abundantly ubiquitinylated than p21(K0) mutant due to the presence of internal lysine residues, their rates of proteolysis are indistinguishable.	Lysine	110-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
14532004-5	2003	Although wild-type p21 is more abundantly ubiquitinylated than p21(K0) mutant due to the presence of internal lysine residues, their rates of proteolysis are indistinguishable.	Lysine	110-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
14507860-0	2003	Vitamin D analogues increase p53, p21, and apoptosis in a xenograft model of human retinoblastoma.	Vitamin D	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
14507860-12	2003	There was an increase in staining for p53 and p21 in areas associated with cell death in specimens treated with vitamin D analogues.	Vitamin D	112-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
14981925-7	2003	Apoptosis induced by CAPE or CAO is associated with increased expression of p53, p21 and c-Jun.	caffeic acid phenethyl ester	21-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
14981925-7	2003	Apoptosis induced by CAPE or CAO is associated with increased expression of p53, p21 and c-Jun.	cao	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
14511359-10	2003	In the meanwhile, phosphorylation of p53 at serine 15, accumulation of p53 and increased the expression of its downstream target genes, p21 and Bax induced by ASA.	Serine	44-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
14511359-10	2003	In the meanwhile, phosphorylation of p53 at serine 15, accumulation of p53 and increased the expression of its downstream target genes, p21 and Bax induced by ASA.	Aspirin	159-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
14578467-6	2003	Treatment of these animals with a single dose of doxorubicin led to activation of the p53 pathway and a nearly 4-fold elevation of the plasma MIC-1 level, which was paralleled by p21 induction in the tumor xenografts.	Doxorubicin	49-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
14761400-0	2003	[Co-detection of P21, P53 and HSP70 and their possible role in diagnosis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-related lung cancer].	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	76-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
14761400-0	2003	[Co-detection of P21, P53 and HSP70 and their possible role in diagnosis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-related lung cancer].	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	110-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
12933701-7	2003	The addition of tin-mesoporphyrin (SnMP), an inhibitor of HO activity, reversed the HO-1-mediated decrease of p21 and p27 in cells overexpressing HO-1.	tin mesoporphyrin	16-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
12933701-7	2003	The addition of tin-mesoporphyrin (SnMP), an inhibitor of HO activity, reversed the HO-1-mediated decrease of p21 and p27 in cells overexpressing HO-1.	tin mesoporphyrin	35-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
12934082-13	2003	Interestingly, HCT cells lacking p21 (80S14(p21-/-)) are only slightly protected by SS from CD95L-induced apoptosis, but sensitized to Apo2L/TRAIL-induced apoptosis, indicating a link between the actions of SS and p21.	Sulfasalazine	84-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
12934082-13	2003	Interestingly, HCT cells lacking p21 (80S14(p21-/-)) are only slightly protected by SS from CD95L-induced apoptosis, but sensitized to Apo2L/TRAIL-induced apoptosis, indicating a link between the actions of SS and p21.	Sulfasalazine	84-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
12941844-2	2003	Exposure to LAQ824 induced the expression of the cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 and caused cell cycle G(1)-phase accumulation and apoptosis of CML-BC cells.	LAQ824	12-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
12925221-5	2003	Lomefloxacin also triggered various stress responses: heme-oxygenase-1 expression in fibroblasts, changes in p53 status as shown by the accumulation of p53 and p21 proteins or the induction of MDM2 and GADD45 genes, and stimulation of melanogenesis by increasing the tyrosinase activity in melanocytes.	lomefloxacin	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
14555704-3	2003	We have shown previously that triptolide (PG490), an oxygenated diterpene derived from a Chinese medicinal plant, induces apoptosis in cultured tumor cells and sensitizes tumor cells to topoisomerase inhibitors by blocking p53-mediated induction of p21.	triptolide	30-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	249-252
14555704-3	2003	We have shown previously that triptolide (PG490), an oxygenated diterpene derived from a Chinese medicinal plant, induces apoptosis in cultured tumor cells and sensitizes tumor cells to topoisomerase inhibitors by blocking p53-mediated induction of p21.	triptolide	42-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	249-252
12883038-4	2003	Low adozelesin concentrations (e.g., 0.5 nM) induced a transient S-phase block and cell cycle arrest in G(2)-M, as well as increased induction of p53 and p21, whereas a high drug concentration (e.g., 2.5 nM) caused apoptosis but no p21 induction.	adozelesin	4-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
12951018-6	2003	Actinomycin D was found to induce redistribution of p14/p21 from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm.	Dactinomycin	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
12883267-8	2003	Arsenic increased expression of the P21 protein and decreased levels of cyclin A, cyclin B1 and cyclin D1, but expression of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and cyclin E were not affected.	Arsenic	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
12885487-15	2003	Some studies have suggested an important role for the cell-cycle regulating protein p21 in mediating the chemopreventive effect of sulindac.	Sulindac	131-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
12823590-4	2003	To explain the p53-independent regulation of p21 by Core, we identified a Core-responsive element between positions -74 and -83 of the p21 promoter, exactly overlapped with a tumour growth factor beta (TGF-beta)/butyrate responsive element.	Butyrates	212-220	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
12823590-4	2003	To explain the p53-independent regulation of p21 by Core, we identified a Core-responsive element between positions -74 and -83 of the p21 promoter, exactly overlapped with a tumour growth factor beta (TGF-beta)/butyrate responsive element.	Butyrates	212-220	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
12823590-5	2003	Furthermore, we demonstrated that Core could activate the p21 through the element by stimulating a butyrate pathway, whereas this was inhibited through a TGF-beta pathway.	Butyrates	99-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
12883038-4	2003	Low adozelesin concentrations (e.g., 0.5 nM) induced a transient S-phase block and cell cycle arrest in G(2)-M, as well as increased induction of p53 and p21, whereas a high drug concentration (e.g., 2.5 nM) caused apoptosis but no p21 induction.	adozelesin	4-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	232-235
12883038-5	2003	In contrast, both low and high bizelesin concentrations enhanced p53 and p21 induction and triggered G(2)-M cell cycle arrest and eventual senescence without significant apoptotic cell death.	bizelesin	31-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
12883038-6	2003	However, in cells lacking p21, bizelesin, as well as adozelesin, triggered apoptosis, indicating that p21 was crucial to sustained bizelesin-induced G(2)-M arrest.	bizelesin	131-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
12794125-3	2003	The anergic cells showed a displacement of the CD4-p56(lck) signaling module from the GM1-rich plasma membrane microdomains (lipid rafts), and subsequently an increase in p59(fyn) kinase activity, a dominant expression of p21 inhibitory TCR zeta-chain, and a poor phosphorylation and recruitment of zeta-associated protein of 70 kDa kinase to the TCR"s immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs.	Tyrosine	368-376	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	222-225
12799645-3	2003	Pancreatic cancer frequently has a dysregulated p21(ras) pathway and therefore appears to be a suitable target for BPs that interfere with the prenylation of small GTP-binding proteins such as p21(ras).	Diphosphonates	115-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
12799645-3	2003	Pancreatic cancer frequently has a dysregulated p21(ras) pathway and therefore appears to be a suitable target for BPs that interfere with the prenylation of small GTP-binding proteins such as p21(ras).	Diphosphonates	115-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
12799645-3	2003	Pancreatic cancer frequently has a dysregulated p21(ras) pathway and therefore appears to be a suitable target for BPs that interfere with the prenylation of small GTP-binding proteins such as p21(ras).	Guanosine Triphosphate	164-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
12799645-8	2003	In conclusion, we demonstrated that ZOL induces growth inhibition and apoptosis on PC cells and interferes with growth and survival pathways downstream to p21(ras).	Zoledronic Acid	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
12877804-5	2003	In addition, LY294002 could induce time-course expressions of p16(INK4) and p21(Cip1) in 2BS cell lines.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
12767524-0	2003	Effects of FK228, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, on tumor growth and expression of p21 and c-myc genes in vivo.	romidepsin	11-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
12767524-2	2003	FK228 induced the expression of p21 mRNA and decreased c-myc mRNA in tumor xenograft sensitive to FK228.	romidepsin	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
12767524-2	2003	FK228 induced the expression of p21 mRNA and decreased c-myc mRNA in tumor xenograft sensitive to FK228.	romidepsin	98-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
12767524-4	2003	The modulation of p21 and/or c-myc genes may be critical for the marked antitumor activity of FK228 in vivo.	romidepsin	94-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
12732930-7	2003	Under optimal conditions (a mixture of 0.25 microg ASO, 5 microl Effectene, 0.8 microl enhancer) SkMC transfected with p21 ASO reveal an average increase in cell proliferation of 32.5+/-11% after 24 h. p57 ASO shows the same effect, but concomitant transfection of p21 and p57 does not enhance it.	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
12732930-3	2003	In this context we are interested to improve the proliferation of primary human skeletal muscle cells (SkMC) by a reduction in the cell cycle proteins p21 and p57 using the appropriate antisense oligonucleotides (ASO).	Oligonucleotides	195-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
12732930-3	2003	In this context we are interested to improve the proliferation of primary human skeletal muscle cells (SkMC) by a reduction in the cell cycle proteins p21 and p57 using the appropriate antisense oligonucleotides (ASO).	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	213-216	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-154
12732930-7	2003	Under optimal conditions (a mixture of 0.25 microg ASO, 5 microl Effectene, 0.8 microl enhancer) SkMC transfected with p21 ASO reveal an average increase in cell proliferation of 32.5+/-11% after 24 h. p57 ASO shows the same effect, but concomitant transfection of p21 and p57 does not enhance it.	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
12732930-7	2003	Under optimal conditions (a mixture of 0.25 microg ASO, 5 microl Effectene, 0.8 microl enhancer) SkMC transfected with p21 ASO reveal an average increase in cell proliferation of 32.5+/-11% after 24 h. p57 ASO shows the same effect, but concomitant transfection of p21 and p57 does not enhance it.	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
12732930-7	2003	Under optimal conditions (a mixture of 0.25 microg ASO, 5 microl Effectene, 0.8 microl enhancer) SkMC transfected with p21 ASO reveal an average increase in cell proliferation of 32.5+/-11% after 24 h. p57 ASO shows the same effect, but concomitant transfection of p21 and p57 does not enhance it.	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	265-268
12732930-7	2003	Under optimal conditions (a mixture of 0.25 microg ASO, 5 microl Effectene, 0.8 microl enhancer) SkMC transfected with p21 ASO reveal an average increase in cell proliferation of 32.5+/-11% after 24 h. p57 ASO shows the same effect, but concomitant transfection of p21 and p57 does not enhance it.	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	265-268
12732930-10	2003	In contrast to both these formulations, SuperFect was found to be highly toxic for SkMC, with more than 70% dead cells after 24 h. The increase in proliferation, the functional biological effect of p21 ASO, is well correlated with a decrease in p21 detected by western blot analysis of 31.6% for Effectene.	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	202-205	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
12732930-12	2003	Taken together transient transfection of p21 or p57 ASO into primary human SkMC using Effectene significantly improves their proliferation compared to transfection with scrambled ASO without a major loss of cell vitality.	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	179-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
12802789-5	2003	However, TS induction abrogated p53, p21, Fas, and Bak induction in response to TDX, but not 5-FU.	raltitrexed	80-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
12773551-9	2003	Depsipeptide induced p21(Cip1) expression was reconstituted when cells were pretreated with 5-aza-2"-deoxycytidine.	Depsipeptides	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
12773551-9	2003	Depsipeptide induced p21(Cip1) expression was reconstituted when cells were pretreated with 5-aza-2"-deoxycytidine.	Decitabine	92-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
12642583-5	2003	1,5-Dihydroxyisoquinoline treatment prior to ionizing radiation delayed and attenuated the induction of two p53-responsive genes, p21 and mdm-2, and led to suppression of the p53-mediated G1-arrest response in MCF-7 and BJ/TERT cells.	1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline	0-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
12740440-0	2003	Structural and biochemical studies of p21Ras S-nitrosylation and nitric oxide-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange.	Nitric Oxide	65-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
12740440-0	2003	Structural and biochemical studies of p21Ras S-nitrosylation and nitric oxide-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
12844404-2	2003	The results showed that the expression ratios of NF-kappaB, P21, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in untreated AL group were significantly higher than those in remission and normal control groups (P &lt; 0.05), and no obvious difference was seen between remission and normal control groups.	Aluminum	94-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
12626521-6	2003	Phosphorylation of c-Raf1 serine 338 by p21-activated kinase has been recently reported to contribute to phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent activation of c-Raf1.	Serine	26-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
12761496-0	2003	Paclitaxel increases p21 synthesis and accumulation of its AKT-phosphorylated form in the cytoplasm of cancer cells.	Paclitaxel	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
12761496-1	2003	CKI p21 is a regulator of cellular responses to microtubule damage induced by drugs such as paclitaxel (PTX).	Paclitaxel	92-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
12761496-1	2003	CKI p21 is a regulator of cellular responses to microtubule damage induced by drugs such as paclitaxel (PTX).	Paclitaxel	104-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
12761496-3	2003	We demonstrated here that low doses of PTX that are unable to activate the spindle assembly checkpoint, upregulate p21 by a p53-dependent pathway and induce its translocation to the cytoplasm.	Paclitaxel	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
12761496-5	2003	Furthermore, the cytoplasmic p21 accumulation observed in PTX-treated cells was inhibited by LY 294002, a specific PI-3 kinase inhibitor or by the expression of a dominant-negative AKT mutant.	Paclitaxel	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
12761496-5	2003	Furthermore, the cytoplasmic p21 accumulation observed in PTX-treated cells was inhibited by LY 294002, a specific PI-3 kinase inhibitor or by the expression of a dominant-negative AKT mutant.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	93-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
12761496-6	2003	However, the kinase activity of AKT was unchanged in PTX-treated cells, suggesting that low doses of PTX could regulate p21 phosphorylation via inhibition of its dephosphorylation.	Paclitaxel	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
12726921-3	2003	Exposure of cells to vanadate led to cell growth arrest at the G(2)/M phase and caused upregulation of p21 and phospho-cdc2 and degradation of cdc25C in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Vanadates	21-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
12531799-4	2003	SAHA induced apoptosis in all tumor cells tested, with increased p21 and p53 protein levels and dephosphorylation of Rb.	Vorinostat	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
12726921-5	2003	PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK, and SB202190, an inhibitor of p38, inhibited vanadate-induced cell growth arrest, upregulation of p21 and cdc2, and degradation of cdc25C.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
12726921-5	2003	PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK, and SB202190, an inhibitor of p38, inhibited vanadate-induced cell growth arrest, upregulation of p21 and cdc2, and degradation of cdc25C.	4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole	34-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
12726921-5	2003	PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK, and SB202190, an inhibitor of p38, inhibited vanadate-induced cell growth arrest, upregulation of p21 and cdc2, and degradation of cdc25C.	Vanadates	75-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
12726921-8	2003	ROS activate ERK and p38, which in turn upregulate p21 and cdc2 and cause degradation of cdc25C, leading to cell growth arrest at the G(2)/M phase.	Reactive Oxygen Species	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
12609999-0	2003	The activation domains, the proline-rich domain, and the C-terminal basic domain in p53 are necessary for acetylation of histones on the proximal p21 promoter and interaction with p300/CREB-binding protein.	Proline	28-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
12569550-7	2003	Upregulation of eNOS after treatment with hydrogen peroxide was apparently transduced through receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways since it was abolished by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide-1 (BIM-1), the p21(ras) inhibitor S-trans-trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS), the c-Raf inhibitor ZM 336372 and PD98059, which inhibits ERK1/2 activation.	farnesylthiosalicylic acid	297-300	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
12697268-5	2003	Furthermore, annonacin activated p21 in a p53-independent manner and arrested T24 cells at the G1 phase.	annonacin	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
12941159-8	2003	Further, we identified an increase in the level of superoxide and peroxynitrite in endothelial cells exposed to NO that was reduced by p21ras C118S transient transfection.	Superoxides	51-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
12941159-8	2003	Further, we identified an increase in the level of superoxide and peroxynitrite in endothelial cells exposed to NO that was reduced by p21ras C118S transient transfection.	Peroxynitrous Acid	66-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
12446442-1	2003	Here we demonstrate that treatment with SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid), a known inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), alone induced p21 and/or p27 expressions but decreased the mRNA and protein levels of Bcr-Abl, which was associated with apoptosis of Bcr-Abl-expressing K562 and LAMA-84 cells.	Vorinostat	40-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
12446442-1	2003	Here we demonstrate that treatment with SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid), a known inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), alone induced p21 and/or p27 expressions but decreased the mRNA and protein levels of Bcr-Abl, which was associated with apoptosis of Bcr-Abl-expressing K562 and LAMA-84 cells.	Vorinostat	46-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
12738242-4	2003	Bortezomib also appeared to increase the stabilization of p21 and p27, as well as transcription factor p53.	Bortezomib	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
12720299-6	2003	To clarify the roles of p21/Cip1 and p27/Kip1 protein expression, which was involved in G(0)/G(1) arrest and apoptosis induced by TF in human cancer cells, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) specific to p21/Cip1 and p27/Kip1 were used, and the expression of the p21/Cip1 and p27/Kip1 were monitored by immunoblotting analysis.	Oligodeoxyribonucleotides	166-187	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
12717016-1	2003	The hinge residues (Val29 and Ile36) of the switch I region (also known as the effector loop) of the Ha-ras-p21 protein have been mutated to glycines to accelerate the conformational changes typical for the effector loop.	Glycine	141-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
12717016-3	2003	Here, we use the fluorescence properties of the single tryptophan residue in the Y32W mutant of Ha-ras-p21.	Tryptophan	55-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
12594211-4	2003	Following cisplatin treatment, induction of p73 and its downstream effector p21(Cip1) was essentially blocked in SHP-2 mutant cells.	Cisplatin	10-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
12569550-7	2003	Upregulation of eNOS after treatment with hydrogen peroxide was apparently transduced through receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways since it was abolished by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide-1 (BIM-1), the p21(ras) inhibitor S-trans-trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS), the c-Raf inhibitor ZM 336372 and PD98059, which inhibits ERK1/2 activation.	Hydrogen Peroxide	42-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
12569550-7	2003	Upregulation of eNOS after treatment with hydrogen peroxide was apparently transduced through receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways since it was abolished by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide-1 (BIM-1), the p21(ras) inhibitor S-trans-trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS), the c-Raf inhibitor ZM 336372 and PD98059, which inhibits ERK1/2 activation.	farnesylthiosalicylic acid	255-295	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
12569550-7	2003	Upregulation of eNOS after treatment with hydrogen peroxide was apparently transduced through receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways since it was abolished by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide-1 (BIM-1), the p21(ras) inhibitor S-trans-trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS), the c-Raf inhibitor ZM 336372 and PD98059, which inhibits ERK1/2 activation.	N-(5-(3-dimethylaminobenzamido)-2-methylphenyl)-4-hydroxybenzamide	323-332	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
12569550-7	2003	Upregulation of eNOS after treatment with hydrogen peroxide was apparently transduced through receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways since it was abolished by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide-1 (BIM-1), the p21(ras) inhibitor S-trans-trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS), the c-Raf inhibitor ZM 336372 and PD98059, which inhibits ERK1/2 activation.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	337-344	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	236-239
12663718-1	2003	PURPOSE: R115777 is a selective nonpeptidomimetic inhibitor of farnesyltransferase (FTase), one of several enzymes responsible for posttranslational modification that is required for the function of p21(ras) and other proteins.	tipifarnib	9-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
12721754-0	2003	Staurosporine-induced apoptosis is independent of p16 and p21 and achieved via arrest at G2/M and at G1 in U251MG human glioma cell line.	Staurosporine	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
12721754-3	2003	METHODS: In the present study an adenovirus vector expressing p16 or p21 genes in human glioma cell lines was used to examine cell cycle regulation and cell death induced by staurosporine.	Staurosporine	174-187	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
12631353-12	2003	p21 was significantly and equally reduced in MCD (2.3%), DMH (0%), and FSGS (0.7%) compared to normal (66.6%).	1,2-Dimethylhydrazine	57-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
12715170-23	2003	The increase in number of Bcl-2 positive cells after combined treatment and the consistently negative p21 status after any treatment in GLC4-CDDP may protect these tumor cells from apoptosis as a part of their resistance mechanism to cisplatin.	glc4-cddp	136-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
12690294-8	2003	Furthermore, examination of the levels of apoptosis regulatory proteins showed that, while levels of p53, Bax and p21 are higher, that of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 is undetectable in cells treated with 2-ME compared with untreated controls.	2-Methoxyestradiol	197-201	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
12715170-23	2003	The increase in number of Bcl-2 positive cells after combined treatment and the consistently negative p21 status after any treatment in GLC4-CDDP may protect these tumor cells from apoptosis as a part of their resistance mechanism to cisplatin.	Cisplatin	234-243	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
13678314-0	2003	Quantification of p21 gene expression in Caco-2 cells treated with sodium butyrate using real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay.	Butyric Acid	67-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
12618886-6	2003	Amifostine induced the expression of p53 protein in p53-proficient cells and the expression of p21 protein in both p53-proficient and -deficient cells.	Amifostine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
12618886-7	2003	These findings indicate that amifostine-induced G1 arrest and cytoprotection are mediated via a pathway that is dependent on p53 protein and that amifostine-induced expression of p21 protein is not sufficient to sustain a G1 arrest or to mediate cytoprotection.	Amifostine	146-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
12711791-1	2003	The title compound is an ethanol-solvated salt, C(16)H(38)N(4)(2+) x -2C(11)H(7)O(2)(-) x -2C(2)H(6)O, in which the cation lies across a centre of inversion in P2(1)/c.	Ethanol	25-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-165
12711791-1	2003	The title compound is an ethanol-solvated salt, C(16)H(38)N(4)(2+) x -2C(11)H(7)O(2)(-) x -2C(2)H(6)O, in which the cation lies across a centre of inversion in P2(1)/c.	Salts	42-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-165
13678314-2	2003	Butyrate induced inhibition of cellular proliferation is considered to result from the induction of P21 gene expression through the activation of this gene transcription.	Butyrates	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
13678314-4	2003	In the present study the kinetics of the changes of the P21 transcription in Caco-2 colon adenocarcinoma cells treated with various concentrations of sodium butyrate was determined using a novel real-time quantitative RT-PCR (TaqMan) technique.	Butyric Acid	150-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
13678314-6	2003	Colonocytes were incubated with sodium butyrate at concentrations of 5 mM, 10 mM and 20 mM for 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The results of this study indicated that butyrate strongly induced P21 gene expression as early as 3 h after treatment.	Butyric Acid	32-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
13678314-6	2003	Colonocytes were incubated with sodium butyrate at concentrations of 5 mM, 10 mM and 20 mM for 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The results of this study indicated that butyrate strongly induced P21 gene expression as early as 3 h after treatment.	Butyrates	39-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
13678314-8	2003	The increases in P21 mRNA level were generally more pronounced at higher butyrate concentrations.	Butyrates	73-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
13678314-9	2003	Because Caco-2 cells are lacking the wild allele of the P53 gene, the present results support the hypothesis that butyrate induces P21 gene expression by P53-independent mechanism.	Butyrates	114-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
12610816-10	2003	The expression of the p53 response proteins, MDM2 and p21, was elevated in MG132 treated chondrocytes.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	75-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
12663518-7	2003	IP6 strongly increased the expression of CDKIs (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors), Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27, without any noticeable changes in G1 CDKs and cyclins, except a slight increase in cyclin D2.	Phytic Acid	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
12650433-5	2003	In MGMT-depleted cells, TMZ exposure led to DNA single-strand breaks and phosphorylation of cdc2, followed by G2-M arrest, induction of p53/p21, and DNA double-strand breaks.	Temozolomide	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
12795334-10	2003	An inhibitor of PKC, GF 109203X inhibited EGF-mediated suppression of TNF-alpha-induced accumulation of p53, p21 and induction of apoptosis.	bisindolylmaleimide I	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
12589822-7	2003	Treatment of quercetin, which induced a cell-cycle block in G1-phase, induced down-regulation of cyclins and CDKs and up-regulation of the CDK inhibitor p21 expression, whereas up-regulation of p27 or p53 by quercetin was not observed.	Quercetin	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
12839645-3	2003	The recombinant plasmid pcDNA-p53/p21 was constructed by inserting the p53/p21 fusion gene into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 and subsequently transfected into human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line (Tca8113) with lipofectamine.	tca8113	214-221	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
12839645-3	2003	The recombinant plasmid pcDNA-p53/p21 was constructed by inserting the p53/p21 fusion gene into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 and subsequently transfected into human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line (Tca8113) with lipofectamine.	Lipofectamine	228-241	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
12920809-4	2003	Targeting of Stat3 using antisense oligonucleotide which directed against the translation site resulted in growth inhibition, downregulation of Stat3, p-Stat3, Cyclins and CDKs, and up-regulation of p21 and p27.	Oligonucleotides	35-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
12475985-2	2003	Mevastatin, an inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis, inhibits cell growth through inhibition of cdk2 and this has been suggested to be due to enhancement of p21 levels.	mevastatin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
12518324-7	2003	The antisense oligonucleotide also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	Oligonucleotides	14-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
12518324-7	2003	The antisense oligonucleotide also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	10-hydroxycamptothecin	122-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
12518324-7	2003	The antisense oligonucleotide also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	Doxorubicin	146-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
12518324-7	2003	The antisense oligonucleotide also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	Fluorouracil	158-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
12518324-7	2003	The antisense oligonucleotide also potentiated the effects of p53 activation and p21 induction by chemotherapeutic agents 10-hydroxycamptothecin, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel.	Paclitaxel	178-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
12468545-6	2003	Basal levels as well as Vp16- or mitomycin C-stimulated levels of p53 and p21 protein were decreased in the catalase-overexpressing cells as compared with control cells; however, p53 mRNA levels were not decreased by catalase.	Mitomycin	33-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
12475985-3	2003	In a prostate cancer cell line, PC3, mevastatin treatment led to elevated levels of p21 and caused a small increase in the p21 associated with cdk2.	mevastatin	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
12475985-3	2003	In a prostate cancer cell line, PC3, mevastatin treatment led to elevated levels of p21 and caused a small increase in the p21 associated with cdk2.	mevastatin	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
12536077-0	2003	Anti-proliferative effects of 20-epi-vitamin-D3 analogue, KH1060 in human neuroblastoma: induction of RAR-beta and p21(Cip1).	20-epi-vitamin-d3	30-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
12536077-9	2003	For the first time we demonstrate that KH1060 induces the expression of retinoic acid receptor-beta and p21(Cip1) suggesting that these proteins in part mediate the growth inhibitory effects.	KH 1060	39-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
12574638-2	2003	The monoclinic (P2(1)/c) structure consists of perovskite-like slabs of vertex-sharing TiO(6) octahedra, which are separated by additional oxygen layers.	Oxygen	139-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-23
12574211-2	2003	We found that manumycin induces endogenous expression of p21 Waf-1 in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells.	manumycin	14-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
12574638-2	2003	The monoclinic (P2(1)/c) structure consists of perovskite-like slabs of vertex-sharing TiO(6) octahedra, which are separated by additional oxygen layers.	perovskite	47-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-23
12574211-3	2003	Manumycin increased the activity of the p21promoter, the level of p21mRNA, and the amount of p21 protein.	manumycin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
12574211-3	2003	Manumycin increased the activity of the p21promoter, the level of p21mRNA, and the amount of p21 protein.	manumycin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
12574211-4	2003	We hypothesized that p21 had a proapoptotic effect in cells treated with manumycin, or paclitaxel, or both agents.	manumycin	73-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
12574211-4	2003	We hypothesized that p21 had a proapoptotic effect in cells treated with manumycin, or paclitaxel, or both agents.	Paclitaxel	87-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
12574211-5	2003	By measuring viability and caspase-3 activity, we found that stably transfected KAT-4 cells with p21 cDNA under the control of a metallothionein promoter were more sensitive to manumycin alone, paclitaxel alone, and manumycin plus paclitaxel when p21was induced.	manumycin	177-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
12574211-5	2003	By measuring viability and caspase-3 activity, we found that stably transfected KAT-4 cells with p21 cDNA under the control of a metallothionein promoter were more sensitive to manumycin alone, paclitaxel alone, and manumycin plus paclitaxel when p21was induced.	Paclitaxel	194-204	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
12574211-5	2003	By measuring viability and caspase-3 activity, we found that stably transfected KAT-4 cells with p21 cDNA under the control of a metallothionein promoter were more sensitive to manumycin alone, paclitaxel alone, and manumycin plus paclitaxel when p21was induced.	manumycin	216-225	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
12574211-5	2003	By measuring viability and caspase-3 activity, we found that stably transfected KAT-4 cells with p21 cDNA under the control of a metallothionein promoter were more sensitive to manumycin alone, paclitaxel alone, and manumycin plus paclitaxel when p21was induced.	Paclitaxel	231-241	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
12574211-7	2003	We also found that cells with both p21 alleles deleted were less sensitive to manumycin plus paclitaxel than its wild-type parent cells.	manumycin	78-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
12574211-7	2003	We also found that cells with both p21 alleles deleted were less sensitive to manumycin plus paclitaxel than its wild-type parent cells.	Paclitaxel	93-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
12574211-8	2003	Expression of p21 per se did not induce apoptosis but enhanced the cytotoxic effects of manumycin and paclitaxel.	manumycin	88-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
12574211-8	2003	Expression of p21 per se did not induce apoptosis but enhanced the cytotoxic effects of manumycin and paclitaxel.	Paclitaxel	102-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
12574211-9	2003	These findings suggested that p21 might be required to maintain cell sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of manumycin and paclitaxel.	manumycin	109-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
12574211-9	2003	These findings suggested that p21 might be required to maintain cell sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of manumycin and paclitaxel.	Paclitaxel	123-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
12499394-0	2003	Major loci influencing serum triglyceride levels on 2q14 and 9p21 localized by homozygosity-by-descent mapping in a large Hutterite pedigree.	Triglycerides	29-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
14977434-4	2003	The antiproliferative effect of resveratrol was associated with the inhibition of D-type cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 4 expression, and the induction of tumor suppressor p53 and Cdk inhibitor p21.	Resveratrol	32-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
12504097-3	2003	Maturation of p21(ras) was also inhibited in a mevalonate-dependent fashion.	Mevalonic Acid	47-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
12506223-1	2003	Crystallization of 2-amino-4-chloro-6-morpholinopyrimidine, C(8)H(11)ClN(4)O, (I), yields two polymorphs, both with space group P2(1)/c, having Z" = 1 (from diethyl ether solution) and Z" = 2 (from dichloromethane solution), denoted (Ia) and (Ib), respectively.	2-amino-4-chloro-6-morpholinopyrimidine	19-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-135
12506223-4	2003	2-Amino-4-chloro-6-piperidinopyrimidine, C(9)H(13)ClN(4), (II), which is isomorphous with polymorph (Ib), also has Z" = 2 in P2(1)/c, and the molecules are linked by three N-H...N hydrogen bonds into a centrosymmetric four-molecule aggregate containing three R(2)(2)(8) rings.	2-amino-4-chloro-6-piperidinopyrimidine	0-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-132
14526425-9	2003	Both sodium butyrate and trichostatin A could stimulate p21 expression of K562 cells at mRNA and protein levels.	Butyric Acid	5-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
14526425-9	2003	Both sodium butyrate and trichostatin A could stimulate p21 expression of K562 cells at mRNA and protein levels.	trichostatin A	25-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
14526425-10	2003	It may be concluded that sodium butyrate and trichostatin A could promote the proliferation/differentiation of the K562 cells, which might be contributed to the induced expression of cyclin D3 and p21 proteins.	Butyric Acid	25-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
14526425-10	2003	It may be concluded that sodium butyrate and trichostatin A could promote the proliferation/differentiation of the K562 cells, which might be contributed to the induced expression of cyclin D3 and p21 proteins.	trichostatin A	45-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-200
12670519-1	2003	AIMS: To determine the presence of Asp13-p21-ki-ras oncoprotein and p53 oncoprotein in the plasma of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM)-workers in Taiwan.	Vinyl Chloride	101-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
15015635-7	2003	These results indicate that the expression of HDAC1 is regulated by hypoxia and the effect of TSA is closely related to the expression of P21 under hypoxia condition.	trichostatin A	94-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
12759576-8	2003	However, the expression of vitamin D-dependent P21 gene on the mRNA level was not decreased in these cancers.	Vitamin D	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
12406558-5	2002	Cyclohexamide and TSA super-induced the expression of GADD45alpha and beta, but not p21(cip/waf).	trichostatin A	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
12429973-6	2002	Tetrandrine-induced growth inhibition was associated with induction of Cdk inhibitor p21, inhibition of cyclin D1 and activation of caspase-3.	tetrandrine	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
12213282-5	2002	The ability of glycolic acid to inhibit the UVB-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-regulatory genes (p53 and p21) was examined.	glycolic acid	15-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
12213282-8	2002	Glycolic acid also inhibited the UVB-induced expression of c-fos and the activation of transcription factor AP-1, and inhibited mRNA levels of apoptosis-regulatory gene (p53 and p21).	glycolic acid	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
12466962-4	2002	Results showed that curcumin treatment causes p53- and p21-independent G(2)/M phase arrest and apoptosis in HCT-116(p53(+/+)), HCT-116(p53(-/-)) and HCT-116(p21(-/-)) cell lines.	Curcumin	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
12466962-4	2002	Results showed that curcumin treatment causes p53- and p21-independent G(2)/M phase arrest and apoptosis in HCT-116(p53(+/+)), HCT-116(p53(-/-)) and HCT-116(p21(-/-)) cell lines.	Curcumin	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
12510823-7	2002	This key post-translational modification is catalyzed by the enzyme Ras famesyltransferase (FTase), which transfers a famesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate to the C-terminal cysteine of the Ras protein.	farnesyl pyrophosphate	137-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
12510823-7	2002	This key post-translational modification is catalyzed by the enzyme Ras famesyltransferase (FTase), which transfers a famesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate to the C-terminal cysteine of the Ras protein.	farnesyl pyrophosphate	137-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
12510823-7	2002	This key post-translational modification is catalyzed by the enzyme Ras famesyltransferase (FTase), which transfers a famesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate to the C-terminal cysteine of the Ras protein.	Cysteine	177-185	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
12510823-7	2002	This key post-translational modification is catalyzed by the enzyme Ras famesyltransferase (FTase), which transfers a famesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate to the C-terminal cysteine of the Ras protein.	Cysteine	177-185	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
12473608-9	2002	Up-regulation of p53, bax, and p21 expression was induced in wild-type p53-expressing LNCaP cells only after cryptophycin 52 exposure.	cryptophycin	109-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
12428135-6	2002	These results suggest that the basal levels of activated NF-kappaB in cortical neurons are maintained partially by synaptic activity involving N-methyl- D-aspartate (NMDA) and AMPA/kainate glutamate receptors, coupled to activation of an Src-family tyrosine kinase and a p21(Ras)-like guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) in a cGMP-dependent manner.	N-Methylaspartate	143-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	271-274
12428135-7	2002	The results are intriguing in the light of the recent identification of a synaptic p21(Ras) activator stimulated by cGMP.	Cyclic GMP	116-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
12417722-8	2002	Inhibition of Cdk2 activity was associated with increased binding of p21 and p27 to Cdk2 and decreased phosphorylation of Cdk2 on Thr(160).	Threonine	130-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
12409142-5	2002	Here we demonstrated that the resveratrol-treated cells were arrested in G1 phase and were associated with the increase of p21 expression.	Resveratrol	30-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
12642691-3	2002	The p53 induced by FR901228 was functional as evidenced by mdm-2 and p21 transactivation, and its further accumulation following DNA damage by doxorubicin.	romidepsin	19-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
12142081-5	2002	The median levels of ras p21 staining were higher in cases (7.04 IPU, P=0.03) compared to BBD controls (0.00 IPU) or healthy controls (0.00 IPU).	ipu	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
12142081-5	2002	The median levels of ras p21 staining were higher in cases (7.04 IPU, P=0.03) compared to BBD controls (0.00 IPU) or healthy controls (0.00 IPU).	ipu	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
12142081-5	2002	The median levels of ras p21 staining were higher in cases (7.04 IPU, P=0.03) compared to BBD controls (0.00 IPU) or healthy controls (0.00 IPU).	ipu	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
12392819-4	2002	In MDA-MB-231, resveratrol (up to 200 microM) lowered the expression and kinase activities of positive G1/S and G2/M cell cycle regulators and inhibited ribonucleotide reductase activity in a concentration dependent manner, without a significant effect on the low expression of tumor suppressors p21, p27, and p53.	Resveratrol	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
12397020-4	2002	This CO-induced cell growth arrest of HASMC was associated with upregulation of p21 and downregulation of cyclin D1 expression.	hasmc	38-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
12401724-4	2002	We found that glycated LDL (gly-LDL) triggered STAT5 activation, the formation of a prolactin inducible element (PIE)-binding complex containing STAT5, and increased p21(waf) expression through the activation of the receptor for AGE (RAGE).	Glycine	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
12441266-7	2002	Finally, treatment of two rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines, RH-30 and RD, with butyrate, resulted in complete growth inhibition and in the upregulation of the p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) levels.	Butyrates	74-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
12384528-5	2002	Herceptin plus Taxol treatment led to higher levels of p34(Cdc2) kinase activity and apoptosis in ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells, which is likely attributable to inhibition of Cdc2-Tyr-15 phosphorylation and p21(Cip1) expression.	Paclitaxel	15-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	218-221
12198119-9	2002	Microarray analyses revealed changes in the expression of a small number of cell cycle-related genes (p21, GADD45A, cyclin G2, MCM5, and histones) that suggested their putative involvement in ET-743-induced cell cycle arrest.	Trabectedin	192-198	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
12370812-6	2002	Further, transactivation of p21 in response to replication blockade by hydroxyurea and aphidicolin is similar to that in response to ionizing radiation except that the latter is more immediate compared to the response to replication blockade.	Hydroxyurea	71-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
12370812-6	2002	Further, transactivation of p21 in response to replication blockade by hydroxyurea and aphidicolin is similar to that in response to ionizing radiation except that the latter is more immediate compared to the response to replication blockade.	Aphidicolin	87-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
12414635-7	2002	A common feature of MS-275 treatment of pediatric tumor cell lines was induction of p21mRNA.	entinostat	20-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
12441075-6	2002	U0126, a specific inhibitor of MEK, suppressed TGF-beta 1-mediated ERK 1/2 phosphorylation and p21 induction in HSC-39 cells and constitutive ERK 1/2 phosphorylation in GT38 cells.	U 0126	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
12384528-8	2002	Thus, Herceptin treatment of ErbB2-overexpressing cells can inhibit ErbB2-mediated Cdc2-Tyr-15 phosphorylation and p21(Cip1) up-regulation, which allows effective p34(Cdc2) activation and induction of apoptosis upon Taxol treatment.	Paclitaxel	216-221	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
12087103-4	2002	p21(SNFT) has been shown to replace Fos in dimerization with Jun on a consensus AP-1 binding site (12-O-tetradecanolyphorbol-13-acetate response element (TRE)) and to interact with Jun and NF-AT at the distal NF-AT/AP-1 enhancer element.	12-o-tetradecanolyphorbol-13-acetate	99-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
12434292-8	2002	In our previous report, we proved that lovastatin, a pharmacological inhibitor of p21(ras) function, also reversed the increase of cortisol level in mutant K-ras stably transfected human adrenocortical cells.	Lovastatin	39-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
12434292-8	2002	In our previous report, we proved that lovastatin, a pharmacological inhibitor of p21(ras) function, also reversed the increase of cortisol level in mutant K-ras stably transfected human adrenocortical cells.	Hydrocortisone	131-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
12508641-11	2002	CONCLUSION: The results suggest that Ro 40-8757 inhibits the growth of human cancer cell lines in vitro by means of cell cycle arrest (mediated by up-regulating cell cycle protein P21 and P27) instead of cytotoxic effects, differentiation, or apoptosis.	mofarotene	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
12508652-13	2002	TSA acts as an anti-tumor agent could be through co-operation between p21 and p27 in growth inhibition, irrespective of endogenous p53 status.	trichostatin A	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
12270138-5	2002	However, it inhibited the transcriptional activity of the p21(WAF) promoter through Cdx1 binding to the p21(WAF) TATA-box and increased the transcriptional activity of the Bcl-2 promoter P2 through a consensus Cdx-binding site.	Cefadroxil	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
12270138-5	2002	However, it inhibited the transcriptional activity of the p21(WAF) promoter through Cdx1 binding to the p21(WAF) TATA-box and increased the transcriptional activity of the Bcl-2 promoter P2 through a consensus Cdx-binding site.	Cefadroxil	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
12270138-5	2002	However, it inhibited the transcriptional activity of the p21(WAF) promoter through Cdx1 binding to the p21(WAF) TATA-box and increased the transcriptional activity of the Bcl-2 promoter P2 through a consensus Cdx-binding site.	Cefadroxil	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-66
26680888-7	2002	The women who had p53 (Arg/Arg), p21 (Ser/Ser) and more than 3 children showed a 6.4 fold increased risk of cervical cancer than those women who had p53 (~Pro), p21 (~Arg) and had borne no child.	Serine	38-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
26680888-7	2002	The women who had p53 (Arg/Arg), p21 (Ser/Ser) and more than 3 children showed a 6.4 fold increased risk of cervical cancer than those women who had p53 (~Pro), p21 (~Arg) and had borne no child.	Serine	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
12354753-3	2002	In all three cell types, total K-ras p21 increased 2- to 4-fold at confluence, and active K-ras p21-GTP increased 10- to 200-fold.	Guanosine Triphosphate	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
12218155-9	2002	These data demonstrate that timing and magnitude of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulation in neutrophils correlate closely with O2- generation, that PI3-kinase-gamma is responsible for the enhanced PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 production seen in primed cells, and that factors other than activation of p21(ras) underlie this response.	phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate	189-204	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	280-283
12529993-9	2002	CD437 decreased levels of cdk inhibitor p21 in G2/M-arrested SC-M1 cells.	CD 437	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
12529993-15	2002	The differential regulation of p21 that leads to alteration in the activity of cdks may play a critical role in cell-line-dependent regulation of cell cycle arrest following treatment with CD437.	CD 437	189-194	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
12181740-5	2002	PD98059 and U0126 induced cell cycle arrest in G(0)/G(i) in cells with the highest levels of ERK1/2 activity, which correlated with induction of p27 but not p21.	U 0126	12-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
12354753-4	2002	It was estimated that 0.03% of total K-ras p21 was in the active GTP-bound state at 50% confluence, compared with 1.4% at postconfluence.	Guanosine Triphosphate	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
12198703-0	2002	JunD stabilization results in inhibition of normal intestinal epithelial cell growth through P21 after polyamine depletion.	Polyamines	103-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
12207334-6	2002	These results indicate that enforced p21(ras) functionality enhances primary T cells responses to calcium-generated signals, but is insufficient to prevent TCR-driven T cell unresponsiveness and suggest that additional biochemical mechanisms, independent of p21(ras), negatively regulate IL-2 production in unresponsive T cells.	Calcium	98-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
12198703-9	2002	Growth arrest following polyamine depletion also was accompanied by increases in both p21 expression and its promoter activity.	Polyamines	24-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
12198703-10	2002	Treatment with JunD antisense oligomers inhibited the p21 promoter and prevented the increase in p21 expression in the presence of DFMO.	Eflornithine	131-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
12198703-12	2002	CONCLUSIONS: Polyamines negatively regulate junD gene expression posttranscriptionally, and increased JunD/AP-1 inhibits intestinal epithelial cell proliferation at least partially through the activation of p21 promoter.	Polyamines	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
12218216-7	2002	We found that prolonged formalin fixation (&gt;48 h) had a detrimental effect on quantitative RT polymerase chain reaction results that was most marked for MMP-1 and VEGF but less evident for p21 and EGFR.	Formaldehyde	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	192-195
12118068-6	2002	Fibroblasts from Alzheimer"s disease patients also have a profound impairment in the H(2)O(2)-activated, p53-dependent pathway, which results in a lack of activation of p53 or p53-target genes, including p21, GADD45 and bax.	h(2)o	85-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
12481415-2	2002	Here we show that the HDIs sodium butyrate (Bu), trichostatin A (TSA) and depsipeptide (FR901228) all induced p21, but only TSA and FR901228 caused mitotic arrest (in addition to arrest in G1 and G2).	Butyric Acid	27-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
12481415-2	2002	Here we show that the HDIs sodium butyrate (Bu), trichostatin A (TSA) and depsipeptide (FR901228) all induced p21, but only TSA and FR901228 caused mitotic arrest (in addition to arrest in G1 and G2).	Butyrates	44-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
12481415-2	2002	Here we show that the HDIs sodium butyrate (Bu), trichostatin A (TSA) and depsipeptide (FR901228) all induced p21, but only TSA and FR901228 caused mitotic arrest (in addition to arrest in G1 and G2).	trichostatin A	49-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
12481415-2	2002	Here we show that the HDIs sodium butyrate (Bu), trichostatin A (TSA) and depsipeptide (FR901228) all induced p21, but only TSA and FR901228 caused mitotic arrest (in addition to arrest in G1 and G2).	trichostatin A	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
12481415-2	2002	Here we show that the HDIs sodium butyrate (Bu), trichostatin A (TSA) and depsipeptide (FR901228) all induced p21, but only TSA and FR901228 caused mitotic arrest (in addition to arrest in G1 and G2).	Depsipeptides	74-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
12107073-6	2002	In addition, p21 mRNA abundance, a downstream target of p53 protein, was increased in the ZS cells compared with both the ZN control and ZD cells.	Zinc	122-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
12171906-5	2002	The p21-related cell cycle arrest was intimately linked to TMZ toxicity because tumors with wt p53 but lacking a robust increase in p21 protein level (D-54) were resistant to TMZ.	Temozolomide	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
12171906-5	2002	The p21-related cell cycle arrest was intimately linked to TMZ toxicity because tumors with wt p53 but lacking a robust increase in p21 protein level (D-54) were resistant to TMZ.	Temozolomide	175-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
12154299-1	2002	The title compound, alternatively called N-acridin-9(10H)-ylidene-2,2,2-trichloroacetamide monohydrate, C(15)H(9)Cl(3)N(2)O.H(2)O, crystallizes in space group P2(1)/c with Z = 4.	n-acridin-9(10h)-ylidene-2,2,2-trichloroacetamide monohydrate	41-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-164
12171907-9	2002	The overaccumulation of p21 and cyclin B1 protein was obvious at 24 h. Furthermore, CA4P treatment showed an increase in the expression of a marker of mitosis (mitotic protein monoclonal-2 antibody) and an overaccumulation of the cyclin B in the nucleus.	CA4P	84-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
12131363-14	2002	Resveratrol caused a p53 stimulated increase in p21 messenger RNA.	Resveratrol	0-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
12124333-0	2002	Growth inhibition of human hepatoma cells by acyclic retinoid is associated with induction of p21(CIP1) and inhibition of expression of cyclin D1.	Retinoids	53-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
12099876-3	2002	The copper(II) complex crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, with a =10.125(4), b = 14.103(6), and c = 14.537(6) A, beta = 91.049(8) degrees, V = 2075.4(16) A(3), and Z = 2.	cupric ion	4-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-71
12206509-3	2002	In order to infer which domains of GAP may be involved, we have performed molecular dynamics calculations of GAP complexed to wild-type and oncogenic (Val 12-containing) ras-p21, both bound to GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	193-196	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
12150453-3	2002	Taxol treatment resulted in elevated expression of p53 and of p21, which was more pronounced and persistent in cyclin D1 overexpressing cells.	Paclitaxel	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
12150453-4	2002	Overexpression of cyclin D1 altered sensitivity to taxol by modulating exit from mitosis, which is controlled by p21.	Paclitaxel	51-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
11980647-8	2002	In the analysis of cell cycle regulatory molecules, selenium-treated cells demonstrated a significant induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27.	Selenium	52-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
12067978-4	2002	Induction of the Sp1-regulated p21 gene by Trichostatin A (TSA) was blocked by ET-743 at concentrations that had minimal effect on uninduced (constitutive) expression.	trichostatin A	43-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
12067978-4	2002	Induction of the Sp1-regulated p21 gene by Trichostatin A (TSA) was blocked by ET-743 at concentrations that had minimal effect on uninduced (constitutive) expression.	trichostatin A	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
12067978-4	2002	Induction of the Sp1-regulated p21 gene by Trichostatin A (TSA) was blocked by ET-743 at concentrations that had minimal effect on uninduced (constitutive) expression.	Trabectedin	79-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
12051701-2	2002	Fibroblasts treated with pyruvate undergo a rapid growth arrest accompanied by elevated levels of the cell-cycle regulatory molecules p53, p21, and p16.	Pyruvic Acid	25-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
12107546-1	2002	PURPOSE: We have previously found that the staurosporine derivative, CGP 41 251, that has a high specificity for inhibiting protein kinase C (PKC), selectively blocks oncogenic ras-p21-induced oocyte maturation and that PKC and jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), with which oncogenic ras-p21 directly interacts, reciprocally require each other"s activation.	Staurosporine	43-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
12107546-1	2002	PURPOSE: We have previously found that the staurosporine derivative, CGP 41 251, that has a high specificity for inhibiting protein kinase C (PKC), selectively blocks oncogenic ras-p21-induced oocyte maturation and that PKC and jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), with which oncogenic ras-p21 directly interacts, reciprocally require each other"s activation.	Staurosporine	43-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	282-285
11877436-0	2002	Role of p21 in apoptosis and senescence of human colon cancer cells treated with camptothecin.	Camptothecin	81-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
11877436-5	2002	Interestingly, blocking of the apoptotic pathway, by Z-VAD-FMK, in p21(-/-) HCT116 cells following treatment with 20 nm CPT did not permit the cells to develop properties of senescence.	benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone	53-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
11877436-6	2002	These observations demonstrated that p21 was required for senescence development of HCT116 cells following treatment with low concentrations of CPT.	Camptothecin	144-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
12012007-3	2002	In this study, we investigated particularly the effect of 100 microM NS-398 on p53 and p21 expression, caspase activities and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB).	N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide	69-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
12032863-0	2002	Enhanced tumor killing by Apo2L/TRAIL and CPT-11 co-treatment is associated with p21 cleavage and differential regulation of Apo2L/TRAIL ligand and its receptors.	Irinotecan	42-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
12032863-5	2002	CPT-11 treatment resulted in accumulation of cells at G(2)M-phase and correlated with a substantial increase in the protein levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.	Irinotecan	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
12032863-6	2002	However, cells co-treated with CPT-11 and Apo2L/TRAIL, or pretreated with CPT-11 for up to 24 h followed by 2 h Apo2L/TRAIL, resulted in a caspase-dependent degradation of p21, reversal of G(2)-M phase arrest with a concomitant increase in apoptosis.	Irinotecan	31-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
12032863-6	2002	However, cells co-treated with CPT-11 and Apo2L/TRAIL, or pretreated with CPT-11 for up to 24 h followed by 2 h Apo2L/TRAIL, resulted in a caspase-dependent degradation of p21, reversal of G(2)-M phase arrest with a concomitant increase in apoptosis.	Irinotecan	74-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-175
12032863-8	2002	These data indicate that the up-regulation of Apo2L/TRAIL ligand and its death receptors as well as cleavage of p21 protein in the Apo2L/TRAIL plus CPT-11 treatment contributes to the positive cooperation between these agents in enhancing tumor cell apoptosis.	Irinotecan	148-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
11980662-9	2002	Both inducible TS expression and the addition of exogenous thymidine (10 microM) blocked p53 and p21 induction by the antifolates but not by 5-FU in the M7TS90 cell line.	Thymidine	59-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
21320405-7	2002	CONCLUSIONS: Tanshinone IIA can inhibit cell growth and clone formation in human lung cancer cell line (SPC-A-1) and its possible molecular mechanism may be inhibiting DNA synthesis by up-regulating p53, p21 and down-regulating CDKN2.	tanshinone	13-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
12027902-0	2002	Interaction between p21-activated protein kinase and Rac during differentiation of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cell induced by all-trans-retinoic acid.	Tretinoin	134-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
12479270-15	2002	Silibinin-treated cells showed up to 2.4- and 3.6-fold increases in Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27 levels, respectively, and a decrease in CDK2 (80%), CDK4 (98%), and cyclin D1 (60%).	Silybin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
11952383-8	2002	The novel compound crystallizes with one solvent molecule CH(2)Cl(2) in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n with a = 1151.8(1) pm, b = 1498.1(2) pm, c = 2018.2(2) pm, beta = 102.58(1) degrees, and Z = 4.	(2)cl(2)	60-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-104
11925210-6	2002	The perchlorate anion in 3 (orthorhombic, space group P2(1)2(1)2(1)) and 5 (orthorhombic, space group P2(1)) is far from O(+) and close to S(+).	perchlorate anion	4-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-59
11821415-7	2002	Inhibition of ERK activation by PD98059 or U0126 attenuated p21(CIP1) induction, resulting in partial release of the G(2)/M cell cycle arrest induced by ETOP.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	32-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
11821415-7	2002	Inhibition of ERK activation by PD98059 or U0126 attenuated p21(CIP1) induction, resulting in partial release of the G(2)/M cell cycle arrest induced by ETOP.	U 0126	43-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
11821415-7	2002	Inhibition of ERK activation by PD98059 or U0126 attenuated p21(CIP1) induction, resulting in partial release of the G(2)/M cell cycle arrest induced by ETOP.	Etoposide	153-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
11782491-3	2002	We report that the phosphorylation of merlin at serine 518 is induced by the p21-activated kinase PAK2.	Serine	48-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
12452013-3	2002	RESULT: The c-myc, c-jun, and HNF-1 alpha mRNA of K562 cells treated by 0.2 mg/ml matrine were dramatically decreased at the early stage (3 h), while the H-ras and p21 mRNA were increased obviously at the same time.	matrine	82-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
11894120-5	2002	In LS174T cells, the antisense oligonucleotide, but not the mismatch oligonucleotide, specifically inhibited MDM2 expression, resulting in a significant increase in irinotecan-associated p53 activation and p21 induction.	Oligonucleotides	31-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-209
11894120-6	2002	In DLD-1 cells, the antisense oligonucleotide specifically inhibited MDM2 expression, resulting in a significant increase in irinotecan-associated p21 induction although mutant p53 levels remained unchanged.	Oligonucleotides	30-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
11894120-6	2002	In DLD-1 cells, the antisense oligonucleotide specifically inhibited MDM2 expression, resulting in a significant increase in irinotecan-associated p21 induction although mutant p53 levels remained unchanged.	Irinotecan	125-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
11960380-5	2002	Surprisingly, we found that hydroxyurea-treated BLM-deficient cells exhibit an intact S phase arrest, proper recovery from the S phase arrest, and intact p53 and p21 responses.	Hydroxyurea	28-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
11856825-5	2002	However, in the P2(1) crystal form dimers of S100A12 are arranged in a spherical hexameric assembly with an external diameter of about 55 A stabilized by calcium ions bound between adjacent dimers.	Calcium	154-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-21
11874354-3	2002	Ethyltellurium(IV) triazide, C(2)H(5)Te(N(3))(3) (12), crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n, a = 8.4530(2) A, b = 7.9094(2) A, c = 12.6288(3) A, beta = 91.876(1).	ethyltellurium(iv) triazide	0-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-103
11874354-4	2002	n-Propyltellurium(IV) triazide, n-C(3)H(7)Te(N(3))(3) (13), crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n as well, a = 8.7999(2) A, b = 7.9674(2) A, c = 13.2334(3) A, beta = 94.626(1).	n-propyltellurium	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-108
11874354-4	2002	n-Propyltellurium(IV) triazide, n-C(3)H(7)Te(N(3))(3) (13), crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n as well, a = 8.7999(2) A, b = 7.9674(2) A, c = 13.2334(3) A, beta = 94.626(1).	Trichlormethiazide	22-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-108
11874354-6	2002	Mesityltellurium(IV) triazide, 2,4,6-(CH(3))(3)C(6)H(2)Te(N(3))(3) (16), crystallizes monoclinic as well; the space group is P2(1)/c, a = 7.5503(6) A, b = 23.581(1) A, c = 7.5094(6) A, beta = 91.295(9).	mesityltellurium(iv) triazide	0-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-132
11874354-6	2002	Mesityltellurium(IV) triazide, 2,4,6-(CH(3))(3)C(6)H(2)Te(N(3))(3) (16), crystallizes monoclinic as well; the space group is P2(1)/c, a = 7.5503(6) A, b = 23.581(1) A, c = 7.5094(6) A, beta = 91.295(9).	2,4,6-(ch(3))	31-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-132
11751903-6	2002	The ability of p21(Cip1) to inhibit cyclin D1 nuclear export correlates with its ability to bind to Thr-286-phosphorylated cyclin D1 and thereby prevents cyclin D1.CRM1 association.	Threonine	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
11882313-4	2002	The treatment of VSMCs with lipophilic statins was associated with decreased prenylation of p-21 Rho A and mevalonate, farnesyl pyrophosphate (F-PP) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (G-PP) reversed prenylation to basal levels.	vsmcs	17-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-96
11882313-4	2002	The treatment of VSMCs with lipophilic statins was associated with decreased prenylation of p-21 Rho A and mevalonate, farnesyl pyrophosphate (F-PP) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (G-PP) reversed prenylation to basal levels.	geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate	183-187	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-96
12168940-0	2002	Correlation of clinical outcome with p53 and p21 status in patients with advanced transitional-cell carcinoma treated with paclitaxel and carboplatin.	Paclitaxel	123-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
12168940-0	2002	Correlation of clinical outcome with p53 and p21 status in patients with advanced transitional-cell carcinoma treated with paclitaxel and carboplatin.	Carboplatin	138-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
12168940-1	2002	BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present study was to correlate the nuclear expression of p53 and p21 with response to paclitaxel and carboplatin, progression-free survival (PFS) as well as overall survival (OS), in patients with urothelial metastatic transitional-cell carcinoma (TCC).	Paclitaxel	117-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
12168940-1	2002	BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present study was to correlate the nuclear expression of p53 and p21 with response to paclitaxel and carboplatin, progression-free survival (PFS) as well as overall survival (OS), in patients with urothelial metastatic transitional-cell carcinoma (TCC).	Carboplatin	132-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
12071473-9	2002	These data support the hypothesis that melatonin reduces MCF-7 cell proliferation by modulating cell-cycle length through the control of the p53-p21 pathway, but without clearly inducing apoptosis.	Melatonin	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
12429923-5	2002	In the studies analyzing whether this effect of silibinin is via modulation of cell cycle regulators, silibinin-treated cells showed a strong increase (up to 13- and 6-fold) in Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27 levels, respectively.	Silybin	48-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
12429923-5	2002	In the studies analyzing whether this effect of silibinin is via modulation of cell cycle regulators, silibinin-treated cells showed a strong increase (up to 13- and 6-fold) in Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27 levels, respectively.	Silybin	102-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	182-185
11889192-4	2002	Addition of pifithrin-alpha, a specific inhibitor of p53, or transfection of p53 antisense oligonucleotides caused decreased RV-induced p53 and p21 expression in PTC and FTC cells.	pifithrin	12-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
11889192-4	2002	Addition of pifithrin-alpha, a specific inhibitor of p53, or transfection of p53 antisense oligonucleotides caused decreased RV-induced p53 and p21 expression in PTC and FTC cells.	Oligonucleotides	91-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
11864927-12	2002	Modulation of cell reactivity to oxidative stress by p21 Ras points to the specific and predictive effects of Ras inhibitors in vivo as potential therapeutic drugs in disorders produced by increase of reactive oxygen species inside the cells.	Reactive Oxygen Species	201-224	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
12474524-11	2002	An individual possessing one allele of arginine form in p21 codon 31 has a higher risk of developing bladder cancer than the serine form.	Arginine	39-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
12474524-11	2002	An individual possessing one allele of arginine form in p21 codon 31 has a higher risk of developing bladder cancer than the serine form.	Serine	125-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
11818660-2	2002	The onset of ordering of the lactone ring at 300 K proceeds continuously, changes the space group from P2(1)/m to P2(1)/c and doubles the unit cell; the abrupt inversion of the lactone rings at 225 K changes the crystal translational symmetry in the (010) plane.	Lactones	29-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-121
11807783-6	2002	In accord with these findings, in undifferentiated cells, beta-carotene was more effective in decreasing cyclin A and Bcl-2 expression and in increasing p21 and p27 expression.	beta Carotene	58-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
11707453-6	2002	Analysis of p53-dependent transcription following UV revealed that the phosphorylation of threonine 18 is required for transactivation of the p21, Hdm2 (the human ortholog of Mdm2), and GADD45 genes.	Threonine	90-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11866879-11	2002	CONCLUSION: Heparin and ADM appear to interact in a synergistic manner, which may be related to the over-expression of p53 and p21 mRNA and the elevated ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA.	Heparin	12-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
11866879-11	2002	CONCLUSION: Heparin and ADM appear to interact in a synergistic manner, which may be related to the over-expression of p53 and p21 mRNA and the elevated ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA.	Doxorubicin	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
11955311-6	2002	(2) p21WAF1 gene transduction mediated by lipofectaminetrade mark reagent could increase the p21 protein expression in the keratocyte, and inhibit the keratocyte proliferation during 2 - 10 days after transduction.	lipofectaminetrade	42-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
11885700-3	2002	We showed that VCA induced apoptosis in both SK-Hep-1 (p53-positive) and Hep 3B (p53-negative) cells through p53- and p21-independent pathways.	cis-vaccenic acid	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
11887880-2	2002	The compound was recrystallized from a mixture of ethylacetate and n-hexane in monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a = 16.622(1), b = 6.215(1), c = 15.802(1) A, P= 104.97(1), and Z = 4.	n-hexane	67-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-108
11830533-6	2002	Equitoxic doses of AN-238, AN-201, or DOX affected p53, p21, and PCNA differently.	Doxorubicin	38-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
11830533-8	2002	In HCT-15 cells, PCNA:p21 ratios, which are indicators of proliferation and repair processes, remained unchanged after exposure to AN-238 but were increased by DOX.	Doxorubicin	160-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
11739523-8	2001	On the basis of information obtained in these and other studies, we localize down-regulation of IgE-mediated LTC(4) secretion to a region of the signaling cascade antecedent to p21(ras) activation, downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase activity and probably involving regulation of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate levels.	phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate	288-328	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
11987241-16	2002	Thus, ALA could exhibit chemoselectivity in 9p21/MTAP-deleted cells, even if DHFR amplification occurs.	ala	6-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
11782367-6	2002	Conversely, treatment with the B[a]P metabolite 7r,8t-dihydroxy-9t,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE) repressed BRCA-1 promoter activity and protein, while increasing p53 and p21 protein levels.	7r,8t-dihydroxy-9t,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene	48-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
11813258-5	2002	Moreover, the magnolol-induced cell cycle arrest occurred when the cyclin-CDK system was inhibited, just as p21 protein expression was augmented.	magnolol	14-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
11741176-8	2002	CONCLUSION: Troglitazone had growth inhibitory and differentiation induction effects on the pancreatic cancer cell lines through the upregulation of p21 expression, suggesting that ligand activation of PPAR gamma is a new molecular target for effective therapy against pancreatic cancer.	Troglitazone	12-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
12017271-4	2002	Synergistic effects on p53 and p21 levels between the oligonucleotide and chemotherapeutic agents were also observed in vitro.	Oligonucleotides	54-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
11855756-11	2002	p21 was upregulated following p53 activation at low doses of DOX in HepG2 cells, but at higher doses, p21 was downregulated in Huh-7 and HepG2 cells.	Doxorubicin	61-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
11813266-5	2002	P53, p21, and MDM2 were induced in E6-transfected TK6 cells, as well as in parental TK6 cells after arsenite treatment.	arsenite	100-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
11721009-0	2001	Molecular dynamics simulations of Gly-12--&gt;Val mutant of p21(ras): dynamic inhibition mechanism.	Glycine	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
11747348-5	2001	Western blot analysis indicated that Tyrphostin AG 1024-induced apoptosis was associated with a downregulation of expression of phospho-Akt1, increased expression of Bax, p53 and p21, and a decreased expression of bcl-2 expression, especially when combined with irradiation.	Tyrphostins	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
11721009-0	2001	Molecular dynamics simulations of Gly-12--&gt;Val mutant of p21(ras): dynamic inhibition mechanism.	Valine	46-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
11721009-3	2001	In our previous study, we have clarified the mechanism of the GTP--&gt;GDP hydrolysis reaction in the wild-type p21(ras) at the atomic level and concluded that GTPase-activating protein plays a significant role in the supply of H2O molecules for the hydrolysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
11721009-3	2001	In our previous study, we have clarified the mechanism of the GTP--&gt;GDP hydrolysis reaction in the wild-type p21(ras) at the atomic level and concluded that GTPase-activating protein plays a significant role in the supply of H2O molecules for the hydrolysis.	Water	228-231	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
11721009-5	2001	However, by performing molecular dynamic calculations, we found that the structure of the active site of the enzyme substrate complex in the oncogenic mutant p21(ras) continuously changes, and these continuous changes in the active site would make it difficult for the GTP--&gt;GDP hydrolysis reaction to occur in the mutant.	Guanosine Triphosphate	269-272	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
11721009-5	2001	However, by performing molecular dynamic calculations, we found that the structure of the active site of the enzyme substrate complex in the oncogenic mutant p21(ras) continuously changes, and these continuous changes in the active site would make it difficult for the GTP--&gt;GDP hydrolysis reaction to occur in the mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	278-281	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
11740818-6	2001	PS-341 inhibits p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) growth signaling triggered by IL-6 and induces apoptosis, despite induction of p21 and p27, in p53 wild-type and p53 mutant MM cells.	Bortezomib	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11751522-4	2001	Exposure of parental Hct116 cells to clinically achievable concentrations of SN-38 (the active metabolite of CPT-11) induces p21 and a G(2) arrest.	Irinotecan	77-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
11751522-4	2001	Exposure of parental Hct116 cells to clinically achievable concentrations of SN-38 (the active metabolite of CPT-11) induces p21 and a G(2) arrest.	Irinotecan	109-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
11751522-6	2001	In contrast, Hct116 cells that are p21 deficient (p21-/- Hct116) readily undergo apoptosis after treatment with SN-38.	Irinotecan	112-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
11751522-6	2001	In contrast, Hct116 cells that are p21 deficient (p21-/- Hct116) readily undergo apoptosis after treatment with SN-38.	Irinotecan	112-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
11751522-10	2001	Sequential treatment with SN-38 followed by flavopiridol was associated with higher activation of caspase-3 and greater cleavage of both p21 and XIAP, an inhibitor of apoptosis, compared with other treatment schedules.	Irinotecan	26-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
11751522-10	2001	Sequential treatment with SN-38 followed by flavopiridol was associated with higher activation of caspase-3 and greater cleavage of both p21 and XIAP, an inhibitor of apoptosis, compared with other treatment schedules.	alvocidib	44-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
11751523-6	2001	In cells treated with EGCG, there was a decrease in the cyclin D1 protein, an increase in the p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) proteins, and a reduction in the hyperphosphorylated form of pRB, changes that may account for the arrest in G(1).	epigallocatechin gallate	22-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
11746677-0	2001	Revisiting the structural flexibility of the complex p21(ras)-GTP: the catalytic conformation of the molecular switch II.	Guanosine Triphosphate	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
11746677-1	2001	The hydrolysis of GTP in p21(ras) triggers conformational changes that regulate the ras/ERK signaling pathway.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
11753676-4	2001	However, RA sensitive CA-OV3 cells expressed higher levels of p53, p27, p21, and p16 compared to RA resistant SK-OV3 cells.	Tretinoin	9-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
11709727-7	2001	Furthermore, treatment with LY294002 resulted in the selective increase of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21(Cip1) or p27(Kip1) and suppression of cyclin E-associated Cdk2 kinase activity in ErbB2-overexpressing lines, which may account for their hypersensitivity toward inhibitors of the PI3K pathway in anchorage-independent growth.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
16200730-2	2001	METHODS: A human colorectal carcinoma cell line DLD1 whose p21 expression can be controlled by isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) was established.	Isopropyl Thiogalactoside	95-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
16200730-2	2001	METHODS: A human colorectal carcinoma cell line DLD1 whose p21 expression can be controlled by isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) was established.	Isopropyl Thiogalactoside	129-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
11727266-13	2001	Expression of p21(cip1) and p27(kip1) was observed in 40% of ACs and 37.5% and 12.5% of DCs.	Cycloserine	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
11698350-5	2001	We observed that both SAM-486A and DFMO, either alone or in combination, inhibited cell proliferation, induced p21 and arrested cells in the G(0)-G(1) phase of the cell cycle but failed to activate caspase-3 as assessed by enzymatic assay of caspase-3, western blot analysis of the proteolytic cleavage of caspase-3 protein as well as TUNEL assay.	4-amidinoindan-1-one 2'-amidinohydrazone	22-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
11698350-5	2001	We observed that both SAM-486A and DFMO, either alone or in combination, inhibited cell proliferation, induced p21 and arrested cells in the G(0)-G(1) phase of the cell cycle but failed to activate caspase-3 as assessed by enzymatic assay of caspase-3, western blot analysis of the proteolytic cleavage of caspase-3 protein as well as TUNEL assay.	Eflornithine	35-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
11694645-0	2001	Short-chain fatty acids inhibit invasive human colon cancer by modulating uPA, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, mutant p53, Bcl-2, Bax, p21 and PCNA protein expression in an in vitro cell culture model.	Fatty Acids, Volatile	0-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
11668507-3	2001	NaB-mediated p21 might arrest endometrial and ovarian cancer cells at the G0/G1 phase by eliciting pRb unphosphorylation.	nab	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
11694593-7	2001	TNF-alpha, sphingomyelinase, and C(2)-ceramide translocated Cdc42, Rac, and RhoA to membranes, and stimulated p21-activated protein kinase downstream of Ras-GTP, PI 3-K, and SK.	N-acetylsphingosine	33-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
11694593-7	2001	TNF-alpha, sphingomyelinase, and C(2)-ceramide translocated Cdc42, Rac, and RhoA to membranes, and stimulated p21-activated protein kinase downstream of Ras-GTP, PI 3-K, and SK.	Radium	153-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
11694593-7	2001	TNF-alpha, sphingomyelinase, and C(2)-ceramide translocated Cdc42, Rac, and RhoA to membranes, and stimulated p21-activated protein kinase downstream of Ras-GTP, PI 3-K, and SK.	Guanosine Triphosphate	157-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
11687965-10	2001	These observations suggest that the interaction of COX-2 with p53 may cause p21-independent suppression of tumor cell growth upon flurbiprofen treatment.	Flurbiprofen	130-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
11704859-8	2001	The results suggested that down regulation of p21(Cip1) expression is linked to the tumorigenic conversion of BEP2D cells by asbestos.	Asbestos	125-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
11690683-3	2001	PATIENTS AND METHODS: Bcl-2, Bax and p21 positivity were detected immunohistochemically on paraffin-embedded pre-treatment biopsies from 83 patients with invasive transitional cell cancer (TCC) of the bladder, treated with radiotherapy.	Paraffin	91-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
11668507-8	2001	This suggested that NaB had the potential to elicit SLPs through p21-mediated withdrawal from cell cycle progression.	nab	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
11477076-5	2001	However, glutathione S-transferase-fused and thus dimerized p63 and p53 core domains had similar affinity and specificity for the p53 consensus sites p21, gadd45, cyclin G, and bax.	Glutathione	9-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
11511210-5	2001	For 5, C20H20S3O3Ag, crystal data are as follows: monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, a = 11.8117(5) A, b = 7.8813(5) A, c = 22.3316(10) A, beta = 102.245(5) degrees, V = 2031.6(2) A(3), Z = 4.	c20h20s3o3ag	7-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-79
11525649-1	2001	Oncogenic ras (Val 12-containing)-p21 protein induces oocyte maturation by a pathway that is blocked by peptides from effector domains of ras-p21, i.e., residues 35-47 (that block Val 12-p21-activated raf) and 96-110 and 115-126, which do not affect the ability of insulin-activated cellular p21 to induce maturation.	val 12	15-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
11525649-1	2001	Oncogenic ras (Val 12-containing)-p21 protein induces oocyte maturation by a pathway that is blocked by peptides from effector domains of ras-p21, i.e., residues 35-47 (that block Val 12-p21-activated raf) and 96-110 and 115-126, which do not affect the ability of insulin-activated cellular p21 to induce maturation.	val 12	15-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11525649-1	2001	Oncogenic ras (Val 12-containing)-p21 protein induces oocyte maturation by a pathway that is blocked by peptides from effector domains of ras-p21, i.e., residues 35-47 (that block Val 12-p21-activated raf) and 96-110 and 115-126, which do not affect the ability of insulin-activated cellular p21 to induce maturation.	val 12	15-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11525649-1	2001	Oncogenic ras (Val 12-containing)-p21 protein induces oocyte maturation by a pathway that is blocked by peptides from effector domains of ras-p21, i.e., residues 35-47 (that block Val 12-p21-activated raf) and 96-110 and 115-126, which do not affect the ability of insulin-activated cellular p21 to induce maturation.	val 12	15-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11525649-1	2001	Oncogenic ras (Val 12-containing)-p21 protein induces oocyte maturation by a pathway that is blocked by peptides from effector domains of ras-p21, i.e., residues 35-47 (that block Val 12-p21-activated raf) and 96-110 and 115-126, which do not affect the ability of insulin-activated cellular p21 to induce maturation.	val 12	180-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
11525649-1	2001	Oncogenic ras (Val 12-containing)-p21 protein induces oocyte maturation by a pathway that is blocked by peptides from effector domains of ras-p21, i.e., residues 35-47 (that block Val 12-p21-activated raf) and 96-110 and 115-126, which do not affect the ability of insulin-activated cellular p21 to induce maturation.	val 12	180-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11525649-1	2001	Oncogenic ras (Val 12-containing)-p21 protein induces oocyte maturation by a pathway that is blocked by peptides from effector domains of ras-p21, i.e., residues 35-47 (that block Val 12-p21-activated raf) and 96-110 and 115-126, which do not affect the ability of insulin-activated cellular p21 to induce maturation.	val 12	180-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11525649-1	2001	Oncogenic ras (Val 12-containing)-p21 protein induces oocyte maturation by a pathway that is blocked by peptides from effector domains of ras-p21, i.e., residues 35-47 (that block Val 12-p21-activated raf) and 96-110 and 115-126, which do not affect the ability of insulin-activated cellular p21 to induce maturation.	val 12	180-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11585744-0	2001	Growth inhibitory effects of 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) are mediated by increased levels of p21 in the prostatic carcinoma cell line ALVA-31.	Calcitriol	29-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
11725347-5	2001	We measured ras p21 proteins in lung cancer patients, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and workers exposed to emissions from petrochemical plants and 1,3-butadiene and 1,3-butadiene/styrene.	1,3-butadiene	176-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
11725347-5	2001	We measured ras p21 proteins in lung cancer patients, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and workers exposed to emissions from petrochemical plants and 1,3-butadiene and 1,3-butadiene/styrene.	1,3-butadiene	194-207	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
11725347-5	2001	We measured ras p21 proteins in lung cancer patients, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and workers exposed to emissions from petrochemical plants and 1,3-butadiene and 1,3-butadiene/styrene.	Styrene	208-215	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
11447225-2	2001	In addition, H(2)O(2)-induced phosphorylation of p53 was followed by induction of p21, suggesting functional activation of p53.	Hydrogen Peroxide	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
11593437-1	2001	The small GTP-binding protein Rac is a downstream effector of the oncogene product p21-ras.	Guanosine Triphosphate	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
11511226-1	2001	Thermal decomposition of monochlorogallane, [H2GaCl]n, at ambient temperatures releases H2 and results in the formation of gallium(I) species, including the new compound Ga[GaHCl3], which has been characterized crystallographically at 100 K (monoclinic P2(1)/n, a = 5.730(1), b = 6.787(1), c = 14.508(1) A, beta = 97.902(5) degrees ) and by its Raman spectrum.	monochlorogallane	25-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	253-258
11511226-1	2001	Thermal decomposition of monochlorogallane, [H2GaCl]n, at ambient temperatures releases H2 and results in the formation of gallium(I) species, including the new compound Ga[GaHCl3], which has been characterized crystallographically at 100 K (monoclinic P2(1)/n, a = 5.730(1), b = 6.787(1), c = 14.508(1) A, beta = 97.902(5) degrees ) and by its Raman spectrum.	Hydrogen	45-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	253-258
11498783-7	2001	Although the basal mRNA levels of these genes did not depend on the presence of p53, we observed a p53-dependent induction of all these targets in response to gamma-irradiation and a p53-independent regulation for p21 and KILLER/DR5 in response to dexamethasone.	Dexamethasone	248-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	214-217
11507071-3	2001	We determined p53 function by measuring induction of p21 and/or MDM2 proteins in response to melphalan (L-PAM) in seven L-PAM-sensitive and 11 L-PAM-resistant neuroblastoma cell lines.	Melphalan	93-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
11507071-3	2001	We determined p53 function by measuring induction of p21 and/or MDM2 proteins in response to melphalan (L-PAM) in seven L-PAM-sensitive and 11 L-PAM-resistant neuroblastoma cell lines.	Melphalan	104-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
11488607-8	2001	Vanadate also increased p21 and Chk1 levels and reduced Cdc25C expression, leading to phosphorylation of Cdc2 and a slight increase in cyclin B1 expression as analyzed by Western blot.	Vanadates	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
11488607-9	2001	Catalase, a specific antioxidant for H2O2, decreased vanadate-induced expression of p21 and Chk1, reduced phosphorylation of Cdc2Tyr15, and decreased cyclin B1 levels.	Vanadates	53-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
11523059-10	2001	It is concluded that sennosides acutely induce apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells, presumably by a p53, p21/WAF-mediated pathway, resulting in shorter crypts.	senokot	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
11440896-3	2001	Induction of fetal hyperinsulinemia by direct infusion of insulin into the fetus and by either fetal or maternal infusions of glucose resulted in significant increases in the activity of FTase and the amounts of farnesylated p21 Ras in fetal liver, skeletal muscle, fat, and white blood cells.	Glucose	126-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	225-228
11408350-6	2001	Cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27 were significantly upregulated by mevastatin.	mevastatin	68-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
11439344-0	2001	Low concentrations of paclitaxel induce cell type-dependent p53, p21 and G1/G2 arrest instead of mitotic arrest: molecular determinants of paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity.	Paclitaxel	22-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
11488531-1	2001	PURPOSE: We have previously found that a synthetic peptide corresponding to ras-p21 residues 96 110 (PNC2) selectively blocks oncogenic (Val 12-containing) ras-p21 protein-induced oocyte maturation.	val 12	137-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
11488531-1	2001	PURPOSE: We have previously found that a synthetic peptide corresponding to ras-p21 residues 96 110 (PNC2) selectively blocks oncogenic (Val 12-containing) ras-p21 protein-induced oocyte maturation.	val 12	137-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
11488531-5	2001	RESULTS: Microinjection of this plasmid into oocytes together with Val 12-p21 resulted in complete inhibition of maturation in the presence of inducer.	val 12	67-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
11390204-10	2001	However, in the presence of melatonin, this apoptotic population decreased up to 4.5% at 10(-5) M. The p53 and p21 protein levels of skin fibroblasts increased 4 h after 8 Gy irradiation, but melatonin pretreatment did not change those levels.	Melatonin	28-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
11390204-10	2001	However, in the presence of melatonin, this apoptotic population decreased up to 4.5% at 10(-5) M. The p53 and p21 protein levels of skin fibroblasts increased 4 h after 8 Gy irradiation, but melatonin pretreatment did not change those levels.	Melatonin	192-201	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
11406180-6	2001	Both long-term, low dose and short-term, high dose exposure to arsenite greatly suppressed the radiation-induced increase in p21 abundance.	arsenite	63-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
11406180-8	2001	These results show that in cells treated with arsenite, p53-dependent increase in p21 expression, normally a block to cell cycle progression after DNA damage, is deficient.	arsenite	46-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
11453316-5	2001	Thirty-three per cent of the DMPMs were positive for p53, 35% for p21 and 52% for metallothionein.	dmpms	29-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
11453316-7	2001	For p21 and metallothionein there was a statistically significant difference between the exposure characteristics: patients with environmental asbestos exposure had shown more immunopositivity.	Asbestos	143-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
11453316-8	2001	There were statistically significant differences between age groups and between asbestos exposure times for metallothionein, and between asbestos exposure times and p21.	Asbestos	137-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
11439344-5	2001	Furthermore, we observed that the levels of p53 and p21 induced by adriamycin and by low concentrations of PTX in A549 cells were comparable.	Doxorubicin	67-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
11439344-5	2001	Furthermore, we observed that the levels of p53 and p21 induced by adriamycin and by low concentrations of PTX in A549 cells were comparable.	Paclitaxel	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
11439344-6	2001	This observation led us to conclude that low concentrations of PTX can induce p53 and p21 sufficiently to cause G1 and G2.	Paclitaxel	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
11439344-3	2001	At these low concentrations that are insufficient to inhibit mitotic progression, PTX induced both p53 and p21 causing G1 and G2 arrest in A549.	Paclitaxel	82-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
11389075-8	2001	We found that vinblastine treatment caused down-regulation of p53 and its target p21 and up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha, Bak, and several other genes in control but not in KB3-TAM67 cells, identifying these genes as putative targets of vinblastine-inducible AP-1.	Vinblastine	14-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
11380423-4	2001	This erythroid differentiation was linked to a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation associated with an equivalent increased expression of p21 mRNA, but with a higher increased level of p21 protein (sixfold) for cells treated with resveratrol than for those treated with hydroxyurea (1.5-fold).	Resveratrol	251-262	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
11376010-3	2001	Cells transiently exposed to nocodazole continue to express high levels of p53 and p21 in the cell cycle that follows the transient exposure to nocodazole and become arrested in G(1), regardless of whether they carry a diploid or polyploid genome after mitotic exit.	Nocodazole	29-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
11376010-3	2001	Cells transiently exposed to nocodazole continue to express high levels of p53 and p21 in the cell cycle that follows the transient exposure to nocodazole and become arrested in G(1), regardless of whether they carry a diploid or polyploid genome after mitotic exit.	Nocodazole	144-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
11376126-7	2001	Oestradiol and IGF-1 regulate the expression of two cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 and p27, differently.	Estradiol	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
11380423-4	2001	This erythroid differentiation was linked to a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation associated with an equivalent increased expression of p21 mRNA, but with a higher increased level of p21 protein (sixfold) for cells treated with resveratrol than for those treated with hydroxyurea (1.5-fold).	Resveratrol	251-262	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-209
11306695-7	2001	The accumulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p21(cip1) was only apparent after sst(2) and sst(4) receptor activation in the presence of bFGF, which was sensitive to PD 169316 or pertussis toxin.	2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(4-pyridinyl)-1H-imidazole	165-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
11391852-1	2001	INTRODUCTION: Phenylbutyrate (PB) and its metabolite phenylacetate (PA) demonstrate anticancer activity in vitro through promotion of cell differentiation, induction of apoptosis through the p21 pathway, inhibition of histone deacetylase, and in the case of PB, direct cytotoxicity.	Phenylbutyrates	14-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
11391852-1	2001	INTRODUCTION: Phenylbutyrate (PB) and its metabolite phenylacetate (PA) demonstrate anticancer activity in vitro through promotion of cell differentiation, induction of apoptosis through the p21 pathway, inhibition of histone deacetylase, and in the case of PB, direct cytotoxicity.	Phenylbutyrates	30-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
11391852-1	2001	INTRODUCTION: Phenylbutyrate (PB) and its metabolite phenylacetate (PA) demonstrate anticancer activity in vitro through promotion of cell differentiation, induction of apoptosis through the p21 pathway, inhibition of histone deacetylase, and in the case of PB, direct cytotoxicity.	phenylacetic acid	53-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
11391852-1	2001	INTRODUCTION: Phenylbutyrate (PB) and its metabolite phenylacetate (PA) demonstrate anticancer activity in vitro through promotion of cell differentiation, induction of apoptosis through the p21 pathway, inhibition of histone deacetylase, and in the case of PB, direct cytotoxicity.	phenylacetic acid	68-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
11313183-7	2001	In astrocytoma cells, cisplatin treatment resulted in the upregulation of p53, p21 and bax, while only p21 induction was observed after BBR3464 treatment.	Cisplatin	22-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
11313183-7	2001	In astrocytoma cells, cisplatin treatment resulted in the upregulation of p53, p21 and bax, while only p21 induction was observed after BBR3464 treatment.	BBR 3464	136-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
11313183-8	2001	In cisplatin-resistant cells, the reduced sensitivity to cisplatin paralleled a resistance to the induction of p53/p21 pathway by cisplatin, while the same doses of BBR3464 induced p21 to a similar extent in the resistant cells as in the parental cells.	Cisplatin	3-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
11313183-8	2001	In cisplatin-resistant cells, the reduced sensitivity to cisplatin paralleled a resistance to the induction of p53/p21 pathway by cisplatin, while the same doses of BBR3464 induced p21 to a similar extent in the resistant cells as in the parental cells.	Cisplatin	57-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
11313183-8	2001	In cisplatin-resistant cells, the reduced sensitivity to cisplatin paralleled a resistance to the induction of p53/p21 pathway by cisplatin, while the same doses of BBR3464 induced p21 to a similar extent in the resistant cells as in the parental cells.	Cisplatin	57-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
11313183-8	2001	In cisplatin-resistant cells, the reduced sensitivity to cisplatin paralleled a resistance to the induction of p53/p21 pathway by cisplatin, while the same doses of BBR3464 induced p21 to a similar extent in the resistant cells as in the parental cells.	BBR 3464	165-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
11248419-7	2001	We found that the codon 31 Ser/Ser homozygote of the p21 gene could be a risk factor for the development of cervical adenocarcinoma associated with high-risk HPV.	Serine	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
11286989-5	2001	In addition, genistein enhanced the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21(waf/cip1) by 10- to 15-fold, increased p21(waf/cip1) association with Cdc2 by 2-fold, and increased the expression of the tumor suppressor p53 by 2.8-fold.	Genistein	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
11286989-5	2001	In addition, genistein enhanced the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21(waf/cip1) by 10- to 15-fold, increased p21(waf/cip1) association with Cdc2 by 2-fold, and increased the expression of the tumor suppressor p53 by 2.8-fold.	Genistein	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
11286989-8	2001	From these results, we conclude that genistein inhibits the growth of nonneoplastic MCF-10F human breast cells by preventing the G2/M phase transition, induces the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21(waf/cip1) as well as its interaction with Cdc2, and inhibits the activity of Cdc2 in a phosphorylation-related manner.	Genistein	37-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	203-206
11304152-6	2001	[Ni(o-MeO-dppe)I2] crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with Z = 4, a = 12.1309(1) A, b = 16.5759(3) A, c = 17.6474(2) A, beta = 119.3250(10) degrees.	ni(o-meo-dppe)i2	1-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-67
11248419-7	2001	We found that the codon 31 Ser/Ser homozygote of the p21 gene could be a risk factor for the development of cervical adenocarcinoma associated with high-risk HPV.	Serine	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
11313592-1	2001	The title compound, N-hydroxypropanamide, C(3)H(7)NO(2), crystallizes with Z" = 3 in P2(1)/c.	n-hydroxypropanamide	20-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-90
11400165-8	2001	Levels of p21 increased in both of the genistein-treated cell lines, suggesting that p21 gene expression was activated but in a p53-independent manner, whereas no significant changes in levels of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bax, were found.	Genistein	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
11400165-8	2001	Levels of p21 increased in both of the genistein-treated cell lines, suggesting that p21 gene expression was activated but in a p53-independent manner, whereas no significant changes in levels of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bax, were found.	Genistein	39-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
11313592-1	2001	The title compound, N-hydroxypropanamide, C(3)H(7)NO(2), crystallizes with Z" = 3 in P2(1)/c.	c(3)h(7)no	42-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-90
11329487-0	2001	Ethanol decreases expression of p21 and increases hyperphosphorylated pRb in cell lines of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.	Ethanol	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
11329487-9	2001	CONCLUSIONS: In the acute alcohol in vitro experiments, the marked downregulation of the important cell cycle inhibitor p21 and the corresponding increase of hyperphosphorylated pRb accelerate the progression of cells from the G1 to the S phase in the cell cycle.	Alcohols	26-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
11306489-3	2001	In this study, we demonstrate that the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 directly inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human MM cell lines and freshly isolated patient MM cells; inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase growth signaling in MM cells; induces apoptosis despite induction of p21 and p27 in both p53 wild-type and p53 mutant MM cells; overcomes drug resistance; adds to the anti-MM activity of dexamethasone; and overcomes the resistance to apoptosis in MM cells conferred by interleukin-6.	Bortezomib	60-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
11106643-3	2001	Treatment of K562(pTet-on/p53) cells with doxycycline resulted in a dose-dependent expression of p53 protein and transcripts, increased p21 protein, decreased dihydrofolate reductase, and G(1) arrest with decreased numbers of cells in S-phase.	Doxycycline	42-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
12577360-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the common regulative effects of the Chinese drug Bailong and hexamethylen bisacetamide (HMBA) on expressions of oncogenes (c-H-ras and c-myc), and tumor suppressor genes (Rb, p53 and p21) of MGC80-3 in human cancer cell cycle.	hexamethylene bisacetamide	88-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
12577360-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the common regulative effects of the Chinese drug Bailong and hexamethylen bisacetamide (HMBA) on expressions of oncogenes (c-H-ras and c-myc), and tumor suppressor genes (Rb, p53 and p21) of MGC80-3 in human cancer cell cycle.	hexamethylene bisacetamide	115-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	210-213
11261970-6	2001	[PdCl2(Ph2PCH2CH(Ph)NHPh-kappaP,kappaN)] crystallizes at 298 K in the space group P2(1)/n with cell parameters a = 10.689(2) A, b = 21.345(3) A, c = 12.282(2) A, beta = 90.294(12) degrees, Z = 4, D(calcd) = 1.526.	palladium chloride	1-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-87
11307620-3	2001	Lovastatin and phenylacetate promote p21 accumulation but fail to induce cell cycle arrest.	Lovastatin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
11313862-3	2001	Recent evidence indicates that p21 Ras is required for TSH-induced mitogenesis, but the molecular mechanism(s) is not known.	Thyrotropin	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
11307620-3	2001	Lovastatin and phenylacetate promote p21 accumulation but fail to induce cell cycle arrest.	phenylacetic acid	15-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
11314044-6	2001	Analysis of p53-dependent transcription revealed that phosphorylation of serine 15 is required to maintain basal levels of p21 mRNA.	Serine	73-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
11171632-4	2001	Flow cytometric analysis revealed a time-dependent growth suppression along with early induction of p21 mRNA in the butyrate, T, and TR groups.	Butyrates	116-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
11462153-11	2001	Western blot analysis of p53 and p21 revealed a gradual increase in the level of these proteins when RPE cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of MMC.	Mitomycin	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
11177741-4	2001	Preliminary data suggest that gene expression levels of topoisomerase I, p21, bcl-2, and ICE may be predictive of response to therapy with CPT-11.	Irinotecan	139-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
11314044-7	2001	These results provide new evidence for an important function of serine 37 phosphorylation, clearly distinguish the pathways of p53 activation in response to ultraviolet radiation or DNA damage inflicted by adriamycin, and reveal that serine 15 is crucial to support the p53-mediated basal expression of p21.	Serine	234-240	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	303-306
11181044-5	2001	In addition, mevastatin caused a significant increase in the cell cycle inhibitor p21.	mevastatin	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
11456571-4	2001	Single crystals of both salts are suitable for an X-ray diffraction study at 180 K. Both isostructural salts crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c (No.	Salts	24-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	151-158
11170137-8	2001	In other studies, silymarin, genistein or EGCG caused a strong induction of Cip1/p21 (up to 2.4-fold) and Kip1/p27 (up to 150-fold), and a strong decrease in CDK4 (40-90%) but had moderate effect on CDK2, and cyclins D1 and E.	Silymarin	18-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
11170137-8	2001	In other studies, silymarin, genistein or EGCG caused a strong induction of Cip1/p21 (up to 2.4-fold) and Kip1/p27 (up to 150-fold), and a strong decrease in CDK4 (40-90%) but had moderate effect on CDK2, and cyclins D1 and E.	Genistein	29-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
11170137-8	2001	In other studies, silymarin, genistein or EGCG caused a strong induction of Cip1/p21 (up to 2.4-fold) and Kip1/p27 (up to 150-fold), and a strong decrease in CDK4 (40-90%) but had moderate effect on CDK2, and cyclins D1 and E.	epigallocatechin gallate	42-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
11209606-5	2001	The crystal of H3tachta.3HCl.2H2O is monoclinic, of the space group P2(1)/c, with a = 15.1688(4) A, b = 8.4708(2) A, c = 15.9408(2) A, beta = 108.058(1) degrees, and Z = 4; that of [Ga(tachta)] is cubic, of space group Pa3, with a = 14.0762(1) A and Z = 8.	h3tachta.3hcl.2h2o	15-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-73
11162600-5	2001	DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) phase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were significantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO significantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppressed cell growth effectively.	Eflornithine	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11162600-5	2001	DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) phase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were significantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO significantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppressed cell growth effectively.	Eflornithine	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
11162600-5	2001	DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) phase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were significantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO significantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppressed cell growth effectively.	Eflornithine	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
11162600-5	2001	DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) phase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were significantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO significantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppressed cell growth effectively.	Eflornithine	205-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11162600-5	2001	DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) phase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were significantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO significantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppressed cell growth effectively.	Eflornithine	205-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
11162600-5	2001	DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) phase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were significantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO significantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppressed cell growth effectively.	Eflornithine	205-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
11162600-5	2001	DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) phase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were significantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO significantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppressed cell growth effectively.	Eflornithine	205-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11162600-5	2001	DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) phase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were significantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO significantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppressed cell growth effectively.	Eflornithine	205-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
11029459-10	2001	Antisense oligonucleotides directed to Ki-Ras decreased both TbetaRIII post-translational modification in Ki-ras(G12V) cells and TGF-beta1 down-regulation of p21, demonstrating the direct effect of mutant Ras.	Oligonucleotides	10-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
11162600-5	2001	DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) phase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were significantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO significantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppressed cell growth effectively.	Eflornithine	205-209	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
11173413-1	2001	The title compound, C17H23NO2, a tetrahydronaphthalenic analogue of melatonin, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1) with one molecule in the asymmetric unit.	c17h23no2	20-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-127
11173413-1	2001	The title compound, C17H23NO2, a tetrahydronaphthalenic analogue of melatonin, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1) with one molecule in the asymmetric unit.	Melatonin	68-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-127
11299739-6	2001	We therefore concluded that immunohistochemical studies for p53 and p21 were useful for predicting the chemosensitivities of colon and gastric cancer to MMC and 5-FU.	Mitomycin	153-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
11270487-0	2001	1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 induces elevated expression of the cell cycle-regulating genes P21 and P27 in squamous carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck.	Calcitriol	0-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
11270487-3	2001	To further explore the molecular mechanisms of the antiproliferative activity in SCCHN we studied the influence of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the expression of the G1 phase-regulating proteins cyclin D1, p21 and p27.	Calcitriol	115-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	192-195
11270487-7	2001	In all cell lines tested 1,25(OH)2D3 caused an arrest of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and markedly induced the expression of the inhibitors p21 and p27.	oh)2d3	30-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
11270487-11	2001	Our results demonstrate that the biologically active form of vitamin D3 directly regulates the expression of p21 and p27, inducing a G0/G1 phase arrest: one mechanism by which 1,25(OH)2D3 controls cell proliferation inSCCHN.	Cholecalciferol	61-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
11299762-3	2001	Here, we show that ellagic acid, a natural, dietary phenolic antioxidant when given at 10(-5) M for 48 hours to colon cancer cells (SW 480), induced down regulation of insulin like growth factor IGF-II, activated p21(waf1/Cip1), mediated a cumulative effect on G1/S transition phase and caused apoptotic cell death.	Ellagic Acid	19-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	213-216
11299762-5	2001	Collectively, these observations suggest that growth inhibition by ellagic acid is mediated by signaling pathways that mediate DNA damage, triggers p53, which in turn activates p21 and at the same time alters the growth factor expression, resulting in the down regulation of IGF-II.	Ellagic Acid	67-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
11299739-6	2001	We therefore concluded that immunohistochemical studies for p53 and p21 were useful for predicting the chemosensitivities of colon and gastric cancer to MMC and 5-FU.	Fluorouracil	161-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
11299740-5	2001	RESULTS: We found that adriamycin induced a p53 and p21 response as well as a G1 arrest in 184B5 cells, but not in its E6 transformed cells.	Doxorubicin	23-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
11054406-6	2000	TGF-beta induction of PAI-1 and p21 is blocked by the Sp1 inhibitor mithramycin, implicating Sp1 in the in vivo regulation of these genes by TGF-beta.	Plicamycin	68-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
11436200-4	2001	The gene polymorphism for p21 codon 31 involved a base change from AGC to AGA and amino acid changes from serine (Ser) to arginine (Arg).	Arginine	132-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
11436200-0	2001	p21 gene codon 31 arginine/serine polymorphism: non-association with endometriosis.	Arginine	18-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
11436200-0	2001	p21 gene codon 31 arginine/serine polymorphism: non-association with endometriosis.	Serine	27-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
11436200-4	2001	The gene polymorphism for p21 codon 31 involved a base change from AGC to AGA and amino acid changes from serine (Ser) to arginine (Arg).	Serine	106-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
11436200-4	2001	The gene polymorphism for p21 codon 31 involved a base change from AGC to AGA and amino acid changes from serine (Ser) to arginine (Arg).	Serine	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
11436200-4	2001	The gene polymorphism for p21 codon 31 involved a base change from AGC to AGA and amino acid changes from serine (Ser) to arginine (Arg).	Arginine	122-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
11104898-3	2000	Very recent studies clarified that P53 independent expression of p21 and gadd 45, activation of PPARgamma are involved in antitumor mechanism of these PGs.	Phosphatidylglycerols	151-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
11188692-1	2000	BACKGROUND: The means by which the protein GAP accelerates GTP hydrolysis, and thereby downregulates growth signaling by p21Ras, is of considerable interest, particularly inasmuch as p21 mutants are implicated in a number of human cancers.	Guanosine Triphosphate	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
11188692-3	2000	Mutagenesis studies, however, have shown that the arginine can only partially account for the 10(5)-fold increase in the GAP-accelerated GTPase rate of p21.	Arginine	50-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
11188692-4	2000	RESULTS: We report electron spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) studies of GAP-334 complexed with GMPPNP bound p21 in frozen solution, together with molecular-dynamics simulations.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	100-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
11188692-5	2000	Our results indicate that, in solution, the association of GAP-334 with GTP bound p21 induces a conformational change near the metal ion active site of p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	72-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
11188692-5	2000	Our results indicate that, in solution, the association of GAP-334 with GTP bound p21 induces a conformational change near the metal ion active site of p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	72-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
11188692-5	2000	Our results indicate that, in solution, the association of GAP-334 with GTP bound p21 induces a conformational change near the metal ion active site of p21.	Metals	127-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
11188692-5	2000	Our results indicate that, in solution, the association of GAP-334 with GTP bound p21 induces a conformational change near the metal ion active site of p21.	Metals	127-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
11188692-6	2000	This change significantly reduces the distances from the amide groups of p21 glycine residues 60 and 13 to the divalent metal ion.	Amides	57-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
11188692-6	2000	This change significantly reduces the distances from the amide groups of p21 glycine residues 60 and 13 to the divalent metal ion.	Glycine	77-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
11188692-6	2000	This change significantly reduces the distances from the amide groups of p21 glycine residues 60 and 13 to the divalent metal ion.	Metals	120-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
11188692-7	2000	CONCLUSIONS: The movement of glycine residues 60 and 13 upon the binding of GAP-334 in solution provides a physical basis to interpret prior mutagenesis studies, which indicated that Gly-60 and Gly-13 of p21 play important roles in the GAP-dependent GTPase reaction.	Glycine	29-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
11188692-7	2000	CONCLUSIONS: The movement of glycine residues 60 and 13 upon the binding of GAP-334 in solution provides a physical basis to interpret prior mutagenesis studies, which indicated that Gly-60 and Gly-13 of p21 play important roles in the GAP-dependent GTPase reaction.	Glycine	183-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
11188692-7	2000	CONCLUSIONS: The movement of glycine residues 60 and 13 upon the binding of GAP-334 in solution provides a physical basis to interpret prior mutagenesis studies, which indicated that Gly-60 and Gly-13 of p21 play important roles in the GAP-dependent GTPase reaction.	Glycine	194-197	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	204-207
11188692-8	2000	Gly-60 and Gly-13 may play direct catalytic roles and stabilize the attacking water molecule and beta,gamma-bridging oxygen, respectively, in p21.	Glycine	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11188692-8	2000	Gly-60 and Gly-13 may play direct catalytic roles and stabilize the attacking water molecule and beta,gamma-bridging oxygen, respectively, in p21.	Glycine	11-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11188692-8	2000	Gly-60 and Gly-13 may play direct catalytic roles and stabilize the attacking water molecule and beta,gamma-bridging oxygen, respectively, in p21.	Water	78-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11188692-8	2000	Gly-60 and Gly-13 may play direct catalytic roles and stabilize the attacking water molecule and beta,gamma-bridging oxygen, respectively, in p21.	Oxygen	117-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
11151508-3	2000	The solid-state structure of the ZnII derivative, NN-SQZnTpCum,Me (C56H69BN8O4Zn), was determined: monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 12.5781(12) A, b = 17.7408(17) A, c = 24.440(2) A, alpha = 90.00 degrees, beta = 98.240(2) degrees, gamma = 90.00 degrees, Z = 4.	Zinc	33-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-118
11151508-3	2000	The solid-state structure of the ZnII derivative, NN-SQZnTpCum,Me (C56H69BN8O4Zn), was determined: monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 12.5781(12) A, b = 17.7408(17) A, c = 24.440(2) A, alpha = 90.00 degrees, beta = 98.240(2) degrees, gamma = 90.00 degrees, Z = 4.	nn	50-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-118
11716435-8	2000	At an ASO concentration of 300 nM, p53 protein was induced 12.5-fold and p21 was induced 8-fold over background levels, 24 h after start of ASO treatment.	Oligonucleotides, Antisense	6-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
11073759-5	2000	The likelihood of relapse was 39% versus 27% (P=.21) on azithromycin compared with clarithromycin, respectively.	Azithromycin	56-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-51
11139434-4	2000	Levamisole increased in ECs integrin-dependent matrix adhesion, inhibited proliferation (-70%), reduced expression of survival factors such as clusterin (-30%), endothelin-1 (-43%), bcl-2 (-34%), endothelial NO-synthase (-32%) and pRb (Retinoblastoma protein: -89%), and increased that of growth arrest/death signals such as p21 (+73%) and bak (+50%).	Levamisole	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	325-328
11154558-4	2000	An X-ray single-crystal analysis was carried out on the phenylalanine derivative 3a (monoclinic space group P2(1), a = 10.301(1) A, b = 9.647(1) A, c = 18.479(2) A, beta = 102.98(2) degrees, Z = 4).	Phenylalanine	56-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-113
11103796-6	2000	p53 downstream proteins, such as p21 and the human homologue of murine double minute-2, were also significantly induced by arsenite treatment.	arsenite	123-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
11129289-9	2000	After SCH58500 treatment, 3-11-fold elevations of p21 expression were observed in tumor xenografts containing nonfunctional p53 (MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, MIAPaCa2, DU-145, and SK-OV-3), but no change in p21 mRNA in wild-type p53 PA-1 tumors.	sch58500	6-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
11129289-9	2000	After SCH58500 treatment, 3-11-fold elevations of p21 expression were observed in tumor xenografts containing nonfunctional p53 (MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, MIAPaCa2, DU-145, and SK-OV-3), but no change in p21 mRNA in wild-type p53 PA-1 tumors.	sch58500	6-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
11129289-12	2000	However, paclitaxel suppressed p21 expression induced by SCH58500 4-fold in DU-145 and SK-OV-3 tumors.	Paclitaxel	9-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
11129289-12	2000	However, paclitaxel suppressed p21 expression induced by SCH58500 4-fold in DU-145 and SK-OV-3 tumors.	sch58500	57-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
11196914-2	2000	beta-Hg2MoO4: P2(1)/c, Z = 4, a = 511.31(6) pm, b = 901.83(7) pm, c = 1086.0(1) pm, beta = 101.01(3) degrees.	beta-hg2moo4	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-21
11092986-1	2000	UCN-01 (7-hydroxystaurosporine) is a newly developed cell cycle inhibitor known to have several modes of action, including inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase, induction of p21 and suppression of pRb phosphorylation.	7-hydroxystaurosporine	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
11092986-1	2000	UCN-01 (7-hydroxystaurosporine) is a newly developed cell cycle inhibitor known to have several modes of action, including inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase, induction of p21 and suppression of pRb phosphorylation.	7-hydroxystaurosporine	8-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
11111922-0	2000	The p21 GTP-binding proteins and bacterial toxins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	8-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
11025661-2	2000	Treatment with vincristine or paclitaxel before DNA-damage or before leptomycin B treatment reduces nuclear accumulation of p53 and expression of mdm2 and p21.	Vincristine	15-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
11025661-2	2000	Treatment with vincristine or paclitaxel before DNA-damage or before leptomycin B treatment reduces nuclear accumulation of p53 and expression of mdm2 and p21.	Paclitaxel	30-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
10925268-0	2000	In vitro and in vivo transfection of p21 gene enhances cyclosporin A-mediated inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation.	Cyclosporine	55-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
10925268-1	2000	Cyclosporine has potent antiproliferative properties, some of which may be via the induction of the cyclin inhibitor p21.	Cyclosporine	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
10925268-4	2000	This in vitro transfection of p21 resulted in the inhibition of spontaneous and mitogen-induced cellular proliferation ([3H]thymidine uptake) and also augmented the antiproliferative effects of cyclosporine.	Tritium	121-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
10925268-4	2000	This in vitro transfection of p21 resulted in the inhibition of spontaneous and mitogen-induced cellular proliferation ([3H]thymidine uptake) and also augmented the antiproliferative effects of cyclosporine.	Thymidine	124-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
10925268-4	2000	This in vitro transfection of p21 resulted in the inhibition of spontaneous and mitogen-induced cellular proliferation ([3H]thymidine uptake) and also augmented the antiproliferative effects of cyclosporine.	Cyclosporine	194-206	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
10918446-7	2000	Here, we report that the mitochondrial role, especially for ATP synthesis, and PKA are necessary for the procaspase 3/p21 complex formation to resist Fas-mediated cell death.	Adenosine Triphosphate	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
10972198-6	2000	Taken our results together, we suggested that ginsenoside Rg3 activated the expression of cyclin-kinase inhibitors, p21 and p27, arrested LNCaP cells at G1 phase, and subsequently inhibited cell growth through a caspase3-mediated apoptosis mechanism.	Ginsenosides	46-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
10918446-0	2000	Procaspase 3/p21 complex formation to resist fas-mediated cell death is initiated as a result of the phosphorylation of p21 by protein kinase A.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
10918446-0	2000	Procaspase 3/p21 complex formation to resist fas-mediated cell death is initiated as a result of the phosphorylation of p21 by protein kinase A.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
10918446-7	2000	Here, we report that the mitochondrial role, especially for ATP synthesis, and PKA are necessary for the procaspase 3/p21 complex formation to resist Fas-mediated cell death.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	150-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
10918446-5	2000	This mitochondrial damage occurs before an estrangement of the procaspase 3/p21 complex, and we demonstrate that intracellular ATP-deprivation also initiates an estrangement of procaspase 3/p21 complex formation and accelerates Fas-mediated cell death.	Adenosine Triphosphate	127-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
10921903-7	2000	Hus1(-/-)p21(-/-) cells display a unique profile of significantly heightened sensitivity to hydroxyurea, a DNA replication inhibitor, and ultraviolet light, but only slightly increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation.	Hydroxyurea	92-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
10918446-5	2000	This mitochondrial damage occurs before an estrangement of the procaspase 3/p21 complex, and we demonstrate that intracellular ATP-deprivation also initiates an estrangement of procaspase 3/p21 complex formation and accelerates Fas-mediated cell death.	Adenosine Triphosphate	127-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
11196863-3	2000	However, the second oxidation process breaks the dimolybdenum bond, giving a bioctahedral complex, [Mo2(DPhIP)4](BF4)2.5CH3CN.Et2O (2.5CH3CN.Et2O), with Mo...Mo separation of 2.9954(7) A. Crystallographic data for 1.2CH2Cl2 are space group C2/c, a = 17.1891(9) A, b = 17.807(1) A, c = 24.210(2) A, beta = 106.403(4) degrees, Z = 4; for 2.5CH3CN.Et2O, space group P2(1)/n, a = 16.523(5) A, b = 27.418(5) A, c = 18.163(3) A, beta = 93.48(2) degrees, Z = 4.	[mo2(dphip)4](bf4)2.5ch3cn	99-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	363-368
10897038-7	2000	In A2780 cells, glutathione exposure was followed by p21 and Bax induction and p53 up-regulation, as expected for genotoxic stress.	Glutathione	16-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
11196863-3	2000	However, the second oxidation process breaks the dimolybdenum bond, giving a bioctahedral complex, [Mo2(DPhIP)4](BF4)2.5CH3CN.Et2O (2.5CH3CN.Et2O), with Mo...Mo separation of 2.9954(7) A. Crystallographic data for 1.2CH2Cl2 are space group C2/c, a = 17.1891(9) A, b = 17.807(1) A, c = 24.210(2) A, beta = 106.403(4) degrees, Z = 4; for 2.5CH3CN.Et2O, space group P2(1)/n, a = 16.523(5) A, b = 27.418(5) A, c = 18.163(3) A, beta = 93.48(2) degrees, Z = 4.	Ether	126-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	363-368
11196863-3	2000	However, the second oxidation process breaks the dimolybdenum bond, giving a bioctahedral complex, [Mo2(DPhIP)4](BF4)2.5CH3CN.Et2O (2.5CH3CN.Et2O), with Mo...Mo separation of 2.9954(7) A. Crystallographic data for 1.2CH2Cl2 are space group C2/c, a = 17.1891(9) A, b = 17.807(1) A, c = 24.210(2) A, beta = 106.403(4) degrees, Z = 4; for 2.5CH3CN.Et2O, space group P2(1)/n, a = 16.523(5) A, b = 27.418(5) A, c = 18.163(3) A, beta = 93.48(2) degrees, Z = 4.	5ch3cn	119-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	363-368
11196866-8	2000	[ReCl(PhN2)(PPh(OEt)2)4][BPh4] (7) crystallizes in space group P2(1)/n with a = 19.613(5) A, b = 20.101(5) A, c = 19.918(5) A, beta = 115.12(2) degrees, and Z = 4.	phn2	6-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-68
11196866-8	2000	[ReCl(PhN2)(PPh(OEt)2)4][BPh4] (7) crystallizes in space group P2(1)/n with a = 19.613(5) A, b = 20.101(5) A, c = 19.918(5) A, beta = 115.12(2) degrees, and Z = 4.	sapropterin	25-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-68
11196898-3	2000	These Cs-symmetric molecules crystallize with two molecules in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/m.	Cesium	6-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-95
10817929-5	2000	Then, we studied the expression of two p53 downstream genes that could participate in the glutamate-induced pro-apoptotic pathway: p21, which codes for an inhibitor of different cyclin dependent kinases, and MSH2, which codes for a protein involved in the recognition and repair of DNA mismatches.	Glutamic Acid	90-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
10817929-7	2000	However, very soon after a brief exposure of the cells to glutamate, the expression of both proteins was dramatically enhanced.On these bases, we propose NF-kappaB, p53, p21 and MSH2 as relevant contributors of the glutamate-induced pro-apoptotic pathway.	Glutamic Acid	58-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
10817929-7	2000	However, very soon after a brief exposure of the cells to glutamate, the expression of both proteins was dramatically enhanced.On these bases, we propose NF-kappaB, p53, p21 and MSH2 as relevant contributors of the glutamate-induced pro-apoptotic pathway.	Glutamic Acid	215-224	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
10911952-9	2000	By inducing premature senescence with a pulse treatment of H2O2, we can study the role of the cell cycle checkpoint proteins p53, p21, p16 and Rb in gaining each feature of senescence.	Hydrogen Peroxide	59-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
11197019-6	2000	In contrast, clear, orange Ca4GeN4 with fully oxidized germanium contains isolated GeN4(8-) tetrahedra and is monoclinic P2(1)/c (no.	ca4gen4	27-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-128
11197020-10	2000	The crystal of 4 (C36H49B2N12TeSm.C7H8) was monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 18.7440(10) A, b = 10.3892(6) A, c = 23.8351(13) A, beta = 94.854(2) degrees, Z = 4.	c7h8	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-63
10837373-0	2000	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens increase ubiquitination of p21 protein after the stabilization of p53 and the expression of p21.	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	0-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
10837373-0	2000	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens increase ubiquitination of p21 protein after the stabilization of p53 and the expression of p21.	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	0-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
10837373-8	2000	With the addition of MG-132, a proteasome inhibitor, to B[a]P or 1-NP treatments, both p21 and p53 protein levels were increased; however, the increase in p21 protein levels was significantly larger than the increase in p53 protein levels.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	21-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
10837373-8	2000	With the addition of MG-132, a proteasome inhibitor, to B[a]P or 1-NP treatments, both p21 and p53 protein levels were increased; however, the increase in p21 protein levels was significantly larger than the increase in p53 protein levels.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	21-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
10866325-8	2000	N-Hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA), a stable intermediate product formed during conversion of L-arginine to NO, inhibited proliferation of the high arginase-expressing MDA-MB-468 cells and induced apoptosis after 48 h. NOHA arrested these cells in the S phase, increased the expression of p21, and reduced spermine content.	n-hydroxy-l-arginine	0-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	282-285
10866325-8	2000	N-Hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA), a stable intermediate product formed during conversion of L-arginine to NO, inhibited proliferation of the high arginase-expressing MDA-MB-468 cells and induced apoptosis after 48 h. NOHA arrested these cells in the S phase, increased the expression of p21, and reduced spermine content.	NG-Hydroxy-L-arginine, Monoacetate Salt	22-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	282-285
10866325-8	2000	N-Hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA), a stable intermediate product formed during conversion of L-arginine to NO, inhibited proliferation of the high arginase-expressing MDA-MB-468 cells and induced apoptosis after 48 h. NOHA arrested these cells in the S phase, increased the expression of p21, and reduced spermine content.	Arginine	10-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	282-285
12526531-4	2000	[W(CO)6(FSbF5)][Sb2F11] crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 (No.	[w(co)6(fsbf5)][sb2f11	0-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
10850458-0	2000	Arsenic trioxide-mediated growth inhibition in MC/CAR myeloma cells via cell cycle arrest in association with induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21, and apoptosis.	Arsenic Trioxide	0-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
10850458-6	2000	The mRNA and protein levels of CDKI, p21 were increased by treatment with As2O3, but those of p27 were not.	Arsenic Trioxide	74-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
10850458-7	2000	In addition, As2O3 markedly enhanced the binding of p21 with CDK6, cdc2, cyclin E, and cyclin A compared with untreated control cells.	Arsenic Trioxide	13-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
10850458-12	2000	These results suggest that As2O3 inhibits the proliferation of myeloma cells, especially MC/CAR cells, via cell cycle arrest in association with induction of p21 and apoptosis.	Arsenic Trioxide	27-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
10842159-6	2000	A similar reduction in cellular proliferation and upregulation of p21 expression were achieved with iNOS gene transfer as well as treatment with the NO-donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), demonstrating the p53-independent nature of these NO-mediated pathways.	S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine	158-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
10842159-7	2000	The transfer of the iNOS gene activated the p42/44 MAPK, and inhibition of this MAPK pathway with PD98059 partially blocked the antiproliferative effects of NO and completely inhibited the p21 stimulatory effects of NO.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	98-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
10842159-10	2000	CONCLUSION: Nitric oxide inhibits VSMC proliferation in association with the upregulation of p21; both occur independent of p53 and cGMP while being partially mediated through the p42/44 MAPK signaling cascade.	Nitric Oxide	12-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
10842159-10	2000	CONCLUSION: Nitric oxide inhibits VSMC proliferation in association with the upregulation of p21; both occur independent of p53 and cGMP while being partially mediated through the p42/44 MAPK signaling cascade.	vsmc	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
10837517-7	2000	The most abundant variants in coding sequence of p21 gene were a C to A transversion at codon 31 which resulted in Ser to Arg and had been identified being polymorphism.	Serine	115-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
10837517-7	2000	The most abundant variants in coding sequence of p21 gene were a C to A transversion at codon 31 which resulted in Ser to Arg and had been identified being polymorphism.	Arginine	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
10817508-5	2000	In addition, p21 mRNA was regulated by irradiation and dexamethasone in accordance with the observed changes in p53.	Dexamethasone	55-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
10929428-15	2000	Although RA at the concentration of 10(-6) mmol/l caused lower p21 expression, Ni(RA)2.3H2O did not affect p21 expression in EJ cells.	Tretinoin	9-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
10785598-4	2000	Exposure to 5-FU (50 and 100 microM) and ZD1694 (50 and 100 nM) for 24 and 48 h induced p53 and p21 expression in wt p53 cells, but not in mt p53 cells.	Fluorouracil	12-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
10771089-0	2000	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors, Wortmannin or LY294002, inhibited accumulation of p21 protein after gamma-irradiation by stabilization of the protein.	Wortmannin	42-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
11042529-9	2000	In conclusion, As(2) O(3) might become a new therapeutic tool in the treatment of ATL as As(2) O(3) induces apoptosis by destruction of the bcl-2 protein and enhancement of the bak protein production proceeding to activate caspases, and also induces G(1) phase accumulation by enhancement of p53, Cip1/p21, Kip1/p27 and dephosphorylation of pRb to HTLV-I infected T-cell lines.	(2) o(3)	17-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	302-305
10771089-9	2000	Accumulation of p21 protein by gamma-irradiation was similar to that of DNA-PK intact cells and was reduced by Wortmannin or LY294002 pretreatment.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	125-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
10771089-11	2000	ATM deficient cells induced p21 after gamma-irradiation, gamma-irradiation-induced p21 protein was diminished by pretreatment of cells with Wortmannin or LY294002.	Wortmannin	140-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
10771089-11	2000	ATM deficient cells induced p21 after gamma-irradiation, gamma-irradiation-induced p21 protein was diminished by pretreatment of cells with Wortmannin or LY294002.	Wortmannin	140-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
10771089-11	2000	ATM deficient cells induced p21 after gamma-irradiation, gamma-irradiation-induced p21 protein was diminished by pretreatment of cells with Wortmannin or LY294002.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	154-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
10771089-12	2000	We conclude that the p21 stabilization mechanism functions after gamma-irradiation, was sensitive to Wortmannin or LY294002, and required neither DNA-PK nor ATM gene product for activity.	Wortmannin	101-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
10771089-12	2000	We conclude that the p21 stabilization mechanism functions after gamma-irradiation, was sensitive to Wortmannin or LY294002, and required neither DNA-PK nor ATM gene product for activity.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	115-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
10771089-0	2000	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors, Wortmannin or LY294002, inhibited accumulation of p21 protein after gamma-irradiation by stabilization of the protein.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	56-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
10771089-5	2000	Enhanced p21 protein expression in ML-1 cells resulting from 15 Gy gamma-irradiation was diminished by Wortmannin or LY294002 pretreatment of cells.	Wortmannin	103-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
10771089-5	2000	Enhanced p21 protein expression in ML-1 cells resulting from 15 Gy gamma-irradiation was diminished by Wortmannin or LY294002 pretreatment of cells.	2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	117-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
10771089-9	2000	Accumulation of p21 protein by gamma-irradiation was similar to that of DNA-PK intact cells and was reduced by Wortmannin or LY294002 pretreatment.	Wortmannin	111-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
10713676-0	2000	Survivin initiates procaspase 3/p21 complex formation as a result of interaction with Cdk4 to resist Fas-mediated cell death.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
12526456-3	2000	[Mn4O2(O2CPh)6(py)(dbm)2] (8): monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 14.743(6) A, b = 15.536(8) A, c = 30.006(13) A, beta = 102.79(1) degrees, V = 6702 A3, Z = 4, T = -155 degrees C, R (Rw) = 4.32 (4.44)%.	[mn4o2(o2cph)6(py)(dbm)2	0-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-50
10716680-0	2000	Butyrate and trichostatin A effects on the proliferation/differentiation of human intestinal epithelial cells: induction of cyclin D3 and p21 expression.	Butyrates	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
10716680-0	2000	Butyrate and trichostatin A effects on the proliferation/differentiation of human intestinal epithelial cells: induction of cyclin D3 and p21 expression.	trichostatin A	13-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
10716680-12	2000	Butyrate and trichostatin A stimulated p21 expression both at the mRNA and protein levels, whereas their effects on the expression of cyclin dependent kinases were slightly different.	Butyrates	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
10716680-12	2000	Butyrate and trichostatin A stimulated p21 expression both at the mRNA and protein levels, whereas their effects on the expression of cyclin dependent kinases were slightly different.	trichostatin A	13-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
10762058-7	2000	These results suggest that cisplatin induced p53 protein phosphorylation and may activate the downstream of p53 gene expression such as p21 and Bax.	Cisplatin	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	136-139
11272564-4	2000	The complex [Rh(NBD)(PePy2)]PF6.Cl2CH2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 8.455(1) A, b = 18.068(3) A, c = 19.729(3) A, beta = 99.658(3)degrees, and Z = 4.	[rh(nbd)(pepy2)]pf6.cl2ch2	12-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
10831277-0	2000	Inhibition of Ras p21 synthesis by antisense undecamers with uniform and specifically arranged phosphorothioate linkages.	Parathion	95-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
10831277-5	2000	Both the antisense PPS and PS undecamers produced well-defined inhibition of Ras p21 synthesis in both cell-free and cell-based assays.	Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
10831277-5	2000	Both the antisense PPS and PS undecamers produced well-defined inhibition of Ras p21 synthesis in both cell-free and cell-based assays.	Parathion	20-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
10831277-7	2000	In contrast, the antisense PPS undecamer, when delivered to RS485 cells with Lipofectin reagent, inhibits human Ras p21 synthesis by more than 90% at a concentration of 3.2 microM, while the effect of controls with inverted, mismatched or scrambled sequence was minimal (5% or less) on p21 synthesis and RS485 cell growth.	Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
10831277-7	2000	In contrast, the antisense PPS undecamer, when delivered to RS485 cells with Lipofectin reagent, inhibits human Ras p21 synthesis by more than 90% at a concentration of 3.2 microM, while the effect of controls with inverted, mismatched or scrambled sequence was minimal (5% or less) on p21 synthesis and RS485 cell growth.	Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	286-289
10831277-7	2000	In contrast, the antisense PPS undecamer, when delivered to RS485 cells with Lipofectin reagent, inhibits human Ras p21 synthesis by more than 90% at a concentration of 3.2 microM, while the effect of controls with inverted, mismatched or scrambled sequence was minimal (5% or less) on p21 synthesis and RS485 cell growth.	1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine	77-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
10725091-6	2000	Here we show that anti-ras PPS-C(16) ODN retains the high sequence-specificity of PPS ODNs and provides maximal inhibition of Ras p21 synthesis with minimal toxicity even without the use of a cellular uptake enhancer.	pps	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
10725091-6	2000	Here we show that anti-ras PPS-C(16) ODN retains the high sequence-specificity of PPS ODNs and provides maximal inhibition of Ras p21 synthesis with minimal toxicity even without the use of a cellular uptake enhancer.	pps	82-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
10732765-2	2000	Immunoblot analysis of isolated cell membranes and total cellular lysates of COLO320-DM cells demonstrated that manumycin dose-dependently reduced p21 ras farnesylation with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2.51 +/- 0.11 microM and 2.68 +/- 0.20 microM, respectively, while the geranylgeranylation of p21 rhoA and p21rap1 was not affected.	manumycin	112-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
10671549-2	2000	Tumor suppressor protein p53 and cell cycle inhibitor p21 accumulate as an early sign of S-nitrosoglutathione-mediated toxicity.	S-Nitrosoglutathione	89-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
11229577-3	2000	The mercuric chloride complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1/c) with unit cell dimensions a = 8.5768(8) A, b = 19.1718(17) A, c = 8.5956(8) A, beta = 90.405 degrees, and V = 1413.4(2) A3.	Chlorides	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-79
11229578-10	2000	Data for crystal I of H3Os6(CO)16B: monoclinic P2(1/n), a = 9.954(2) A, b = 15.780(4) A, c = 16.448(3) A, beta = 91.07(1) degrees, Z = 4.	h3os6	22-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-53
11229578-11	2000	Data for crystal II of H3Os6(CO)16B: monoclinic P2(1/n), a = 9.927(2) A, beta = 16.623(2) A, b = 16.0233(10) A, beta = 97.78(1) degrees, Z = 4.	16b	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-54
10732765-2	2000	Immunoblot analysis of isolated cell membranes and total cellular lysates of COLO320-DM cells demonstrated that manumycin dose-dependently reduced p21 ras farnesylation with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2.51 +/- 0.11 microM and 2.68 +/- 0.20 microM, respectively, while the geranylgeranylation of p21 rhoA and p21rap1 was not affected.	manumycin	112-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	309-312
10618436-0	2000	Requirement for nitric oxide activation of p21(ras)/extracellular regulated kinase in neuronal ischemic preconditioning.	Nitric Oxide	16-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-51
10652438-0	2000	Quercetin inhibits p21-RAS expression in human colon cancer cell lines and in primary colorectal tumors.	Quercetin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
10652438-1	2000	Immunocytochemical studies have revealed that 10 microM quercetin reduced the steady state levels of p21-ras proteins in both colon cancer cell lines and primary colorectal tumors.	Quercetin	56-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
10652438-2	2000	These findings were confirmed by Western blot and flow cytometric analysis showing that the inhibition of p21-ras expression by quercetin was time- and concentration-dependent.	Quercetin	128-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
10652438-3	2000	Twenty-four-hour treatment with 10 microM quercetin reduced p21-ras levels to about 50% of control values.	Quercetin	42-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
10683383-8	2000	Therefore, (a) p53-dependent p21 induction caused by doxorubicin protects from microtubule drug-induced cytotoxicity, and (b) pretreatment with cytostatic doses of DNA-damaging drugs before treatment with microtubule drugs results in selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells with defective p53/p21-dependent checkpoint.	Doxorubicin	53-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
10735543-1	2000	BACKGROUND: Previous in vitro experiments have indicated that if the ninth codon of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) core gene is mutated from arginine to lysine, a short 16-kDa (P16) instead of a 21-kDa (P21) core protein will be produced.	Arginine	138-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
10735543-1	2000	BACKGROUND: Previous in vitro experiments have indicated that if the ninth codon of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) core gene is mutated from arginine to lysine, a short 16-kDa (P16) instead of a 21-kDa (P21) core protein will be produced.	Lysine	150-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
10661494-9	2000	Pearce, R. Levi, A. Novogrodsky, Nitric oxide-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange on p21 ras, J. Biol.	Nitric Oxide	33-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
10661494-9	2000	Pearce, R. Levi, A. Novogrodsky, Nitric oxide-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange on p21 ras, J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
10618436-3	2000	We report here that OGD preconditioning induces p21(ras) (Ras) activation in an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor- and NO-dependent, but cGMP-independent, manner.	Cyclic GMP	133-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-56
10618436-3	2000	We report here that OGD preconditioning induces p21(ras) (Ras) activation in an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor- and NO-dependent, but cGMP-independent, manner.	Cyclic GMP	133-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
10642304-0	2000	Cyclic AMP inhibited proliferation of human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells, accompanied by induction of p53 and p21.	Cyclic AMP	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
10874474-0	2000	Induction of p53-independent p21 during ceramide-induced G1 arrest in human hepatocarcinoma cells.	Ceramides	40-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
10874474-2	2000	In this paper, we investigated whether p21, a cdk (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor, is involved in the induction of pRb dephosphorylation during ceramide-induced G1 arrest.	Ceramides	148-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
10874474-6	2000	p21 induction was also observed in the Hep3B cells lacking a functional p53 after exposure to ceramide.	Ceramides	94-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
10874474-7	2000	Although p21 is induced in ceramide-treated Hep3B cells, Hep3B cells do not induce G1 arrest, because Hep3B cells are deficient in a functional pRb protein.	Ceramides	27-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
10874474-10	2000	In pRb+/+ cells, ceramide-mediated G1 arrest was accompanied by the accumulation of hypophosphorylated pRb and p21 associated with cdk2.	Ceramides	17-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
10874474-11	2000	Together, these results suggest that p21, induced through p53-independent pathway, participates in the induction of pRb dephosphorylation by inhibiting cdk2 activity during ceramide-mediated G1 arrest in hepatocarcinoma cells.	Ceramides	173-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
10642304-6	2000	Upregulation of p53 protein by cAMP was further confirmed by the observation that the decrease in p21, a p53-inducible protein, by PDGF was significantly attenuated by cilostazol in a dose-dependent manner (P&lt;0.01).	Cyclic AMP	31-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
10642304-6	2000	Upregulation of p53 protein by cAMP was further confirmed by the observation that the decrease in p21, a p53-inducible protein, by PDGF was significantly attenuated by cilostazol in a dose-dependent manner (P&lt;0.01).	Cilostazol	168-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
10642304-7	2000	These results revealed that accumulation of cAMP inhibited VSMC proliferation, which was at least in part due to an increase in p53-p21 expression.	Cyclic AMP	44-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
10642304-7	2000	These results revealed that accumulation of cAMP inhibited VSMC proliferation, which was at least in part due to an increase in p53-p21 expression.	vsmc	59-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
10642304-11	2000	Overall, these results demonstrated that cAMP inhibited the proliferation of human aortic VSMCs, accompanied by p53-p21-mediated apoptosis.	Cyclic AMP	41-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
10905503-9	2000	However, there was an additive effect on the expression of p21 when cells were exposed to CH and CSS simultaneously for 24 hours.	thiocysteine	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
11196807-3	2000	Crystals of trenphen.H2O.CH3CN, 1, are monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, a = 14.9923(8) A, b = 17.4451(10) A, c = 17.1880(10) A, beta = 114.8290(10) degrees, V = 4079.9(4) A3, Z = 4.	trenphen	12-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-68
11196807-3	2000	Crystals of trenphen.H2O.CH3CN, 1, are monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, a = 14.9923(8) A, b = 17.4451(10) A, c = 17.1880(10) A, beta = 114.8290(10) degrees, V = 4079.9(4) A3, Z = 4.	Water	21-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-68
10905503-10	2000	When cells were exposed to CH and CSS simultaneously three times (24 hours each time), then passaged for 1 month, the expression of p21 increased synergistically.	thiocysteine	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
11341037-6	2000	Methionine restriction led to accumulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27, as determined by Western blot analysis, and inhibited the enzymatic activities of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK2 and cdc2, as determined by an in vitro kinase assay: However, methionine restriction had little or no effect on CDK2 or cdc2 protein levels.	Methionine	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
10672584-6	2000	At P21, the cells are severely damaged and further intracellular changes include a decrease in N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and loss of amino acids and many organic osmolytes.	N-acetylaspartate	95-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	3-6
10672584-6	2000	At P21, the cells are severely damaged and further intracellular changes include a decrease in N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and loss of amino acids and many organic osmolytes.	N-acetylaspartate	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	3-6
10585263-0	1999	p21 promotes ceramide-induced apoptosis and antagonizes the antideath effect of Bcl-2 in human hepatocarcinoma cells.	Ceramides	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
10585263-3	1999	Previously, we reported that p21 was induced in a p53-independent manner during ceramide-induced apoptosis in human hepatocarcinoma cell lines.	Ceramides	80-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
10585263-4	1999	In the present study, we investigated the precise role of p21 in ceramide-induced apoptosis in human hepatocarcinoma cells by using a tetracycline-inducible expression system.	Ceramides	65-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
10585263-6	1999	However, Hep3B/p21 cells were more sensitive to ceramide-induced apoptosis.	Ceramides	48-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
10585263-8	1999	The expression level of Bax was increased in Hep3B/p21 cells treated with ceramide and its expression was more accelerated under the p21-overexpressed condition compared to that of the p21-repressed condition.	Ceramides	74-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
10585263-8	1999	The expression level of Bax was increased in Hep3B/p21 cells treated with ceramide and its expression was more accelerated under the p21-overexpressed condition compared to that of the p21-repressed condition.	Ceramides	74-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
10641285-1	1999	The title aldehyde, C15H14O3, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with one molecule in the asymmetric unit.	Aldehydes	10-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
10585263-8	1999	The expression level of Bax was increased in Hep3B/p21 cells treated with ceramide and its expression was more accelerated under the p21-overexpressed condition compared to that of the p21-repressed condition.	Ceramides	74-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
10585263-10	1999	On the other hand, the levels of p21 and Bax protein were increased by ceramide in another hepatocarcinoma cell line, SK-Hep-1, while the Bcl-2 protein level was not changed.	Ceramides	71-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
10641285-1	1999	The title aldehyde, C15H14O3, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with one molecule in the asymmetric unit.	c15h14o3	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
10585263-11	1999	Overexpression of Bcl-2 not only suppressed apoptosis but also completely prevented induction of p21 and Bax caused by ceramide in SK-Hep-1 cells.	Ceramides	119-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
10585263-13	1999	These results suggest that p21 promotes ceramide-induced apoptosis by enhancing the expression of Bax, thereby modulating the molecular ratio of Bcl-2:Bax in human hepatocarcinoma cells.	Ceramides	40-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
10585203-3	1999	We have demonstrated that the natural product cerulenin ([2R,3S]-2,3-epoxy-4-oxo-7,10-trans,trans-dodecadienamide) inhibits the palmitoylation of H-ras- and N-ras-encoded p21s in parallel with inhibition of cell proliferation.	Cerulenin	46-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
10585464-9	1999	cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) induced p53 activation and p21 transactivation.	Cisplatin	0-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
10585464-9	1999	cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) induced p53 activation and p21 transactivation.	Cisplatin	35-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
10585464-10	1999	The p53-dependent p21 transactivation induced by CDDP was inhibited by mTRX overexpression, suggesting that TRX-dependent redox regulation is physiologically involved in p53 regulation.	Cisplatin	49-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
10585203-3	1999	We have demonstrated that the natural product cerulenin ([2R,3S]-2,3-epoxy-4-oxo-7,10-trans,trans-dodecadienamide) inhibits the palmitoylation of H-ras- and N-ras-encoded p21s in parallel with inhibition of cell proliferation.	[2r,3s]-2,3-epoxy-4-oxo-7,10-trans,trans-dodecadienamide	57-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
10585203-6	1999	Several compounds inhibited the incorporation of [(3)H]palmitate into p21 in intact T24 cells, with the unsubstituted carboxamides being more active than N,N-dimethyl compounds.	[(3)h]palmitate	49-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
10585203-6	1999	Several compounds inhibited the incorporation of [(3)H]palmitate into p21 in intact T24 cells, with the unsubstituted carboxamides being more active than N,N-dimethyl compounds.	carboxamides	118-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
10927436-2	1999	Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (performed at room temperature) revealed Cs(2)(HSO(4))(H(2)PO(4)) to crystallize in space group P2(1)/n with lattice parameters a = 7.856 (8), b = 7.732 (7), c = 7.827 (7) A, and beta = 99.92 (4) degrees.	Cesium	74-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-134
10585950-2	1999	Lys(16) was demonstrated to be crucial to the function of Ras p21, and the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP was found to be an one-step reaction.	Lysine	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
10585950-2	1999	Lys(16) was demonstrated to be crucial to the function of Ras p21, and the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP was found to be an one-step reaction.	Guanosine Triphosphate	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
10585950-0	1999	Ab initio study of the role of lysine 16 for the molecular switching mechanism of Ras protein p21.	Lysine	31-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
10585950-2	1999	Lys(16) was demonstrated to be crucial to the function of Ras p21, and the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP was found to be an one-step reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
10604659-0	1999	Proliferation arrest and induction of CDK inhibitors p21 and p27 by depleting the calcium store in cultured C6 glioma cells.	Calcium	82-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
10661763-4	1999	In this model, TAM resistance resulted in an increase in the detectable basal levels of cyclin E, GADD 153, p16, BAX, Bcl-XL, and wild-type and mutant p53, an increase in TAM induction of p16, and a decrease in the detectable basal levels of cyclin D1, p21 and p27.	Tamoxifen	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	253-256
10661763-6	1999	In the TAM-resistant variant, p21 levels were essentially undetectable, while p27 was present and maintained its response to TAM Induction, albeit at a much lower level.	Tamoxifen	7-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
10574788-0	1999	The pre-hydrolysis state of p21(ras) in complex with GTP: new insights into the role of water molecules in the GTP hydrolysis reaction of ras-like proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
10574788-0	1999	The pre-hydrolysis state of p21(ras) in complex with GTP: new insights into the role of water molecules in the GTP hydrolysis reaction of ras-like proteins.	Water	88-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
10574788-0	1999	The pre-hydrolysis state of p21(ras) in complex with GTP: new insights into the role of water molecules in the GTP hydrolysis reaction of ras-like proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	111-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
10574788-5	1999	RESULTS: The structure of the complex formed between p21(ras) and GTP has been determined by X-ray diffraction at 1.6 A using a combination of photolysis of an inactive GTP precursor (caged GTP) and rapid freezing (100K).	Guanosine Triphosphate	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
10574788-5	1999	RESULTS: The structure of the complex formed between p21(ras) and GTP has been determined by X-ray diffraction at 1.6 A using a combination of photolysis of an inactive GTP precursor (caged GTP) and rapid freezing (100K).	Guanosine Triphosphate	169-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
10574788-5	1999	RESULTS: The structure of the complex formed between p21(ras) and GTP has been determined by X-ray diffraction at 1.6 A using a combination of photolysis of an inactive GTP precursor (caged GTP) and rapid freezing (100K).	Guanosine Triphosphate	169-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
10574788-6	1999	The structure of this complex differs from that of p21(ras)-GppNHp (determined at 277K) with respect to the degree of order and conformation of the catalytic loop (loop 4 of the switch II region) and the positioning of water molecules around the gamma-phosphate group.	Water	219-224	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
10574788-6	1999	The structure of this complex differs from that of p21(ras)-GppNHp (determined at 277K) with respect to the degree of order and conformation of the catalytic loop (loop 4 of the switch II region) and the positioning of water molecules around the gamma-phosphate group.	Phosphates	252-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
10551809-1	1999	p21-activated kinases (Pak)/Ste20 kinases are regulated in vitro and in vivo by the small GTP-binding proteins Rac and Cdc42 and lipids, such as sphingosine, which stimulate autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of exogenous substrates.	Guanosine Triphosphate	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
10551809-1	1999	p21-activated kinases (Pak)/Ste20 kinases are regulated in vitro and in vivo by the small GTP-binding proteins Rac and Cdc42 and lipids, such as sphingosine, which stimulate autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of exogenous substrates.	Sphingosine	145-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
10544021-5	1999	Activation of p53 was accompanied by phosphorylation of p53 at Ser-15 and elevated p21 and MDM2, both of which were at least partly blocked by wortmannin, a kinase inhibitor against proteins with a PI3 kinase domain.	Wortmannin	143-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
10706449-7	1999	The ATRA-mediated increase in p21 preceded the change in RB phosphorylation and G1 arrest and was not reversed by the addition of exogenous IL-6.	Tretinoin	4-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
10839623-2	1999	The X-ray crystal structure of the ras oncogene-encoded p21 protein bound to SOS, the guanine nucleotide exchange-promoting protein, has been determined.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
10502413-0	1999	The biphasic induction of p21 and p27 in breast cancer cells by modulators of cAMP is posttranscriptionally regulated and independent of the PKA pathway.	Cyclic AMP	78-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
10502413-2	1999	Previous studies linked cAMP-mediated growth arrest in breast tumor cells to increased levels of cyclin kinase inhibitor (CKI), p21.	Cyclic AMP	24-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
10502413-3	1999	In the present study we examined the role of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on p21 and p27 induction in the breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-157.	Cyclic AMP	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
10502413-4	1999	The induction of the CKIs by modulators of cAMP such as cholera toxin (CT) + 1-isobutyl-3-methylxanthine (IBMX) and lovastatin fluctuates with biphasic kinetics (although the kinetics of CKI induction with CT + IBMX treatment are different from that of lovastatin) and is depicted by the periodic accumulation of lower molecular weight forms of p21 and p27 which also correlate with fluctuations in CDK2 activity.	Cyclic AMP	43-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	345-348
10502413-4	1999	The induction of the CKIs by modulators of cAMP such as cholera toxin (CT) + 1-isobutyl-3-methylxanthine (IBMX) and lovastatin fluctuates with biphasic kinetics (although the kinetics of CKI induction with CT + IBMX treatment are different from that of lovastatin) and is depicted by the periodic accumulation of lower molecular weight forms of p21 and p27 which also correlate with fluctuations in CDK2 activity.	1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	106-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	345-348
10502413-4	1999	The induction of the CKIs by modulators of cAMP such as cholera toxin (CT) + 1-isobutyl-3-methylxanthine (IBMX) and lovastatin fluctuates with biphasic kinetics (although the kinetics of CKI induction with CT + IBMX treatment are different from that of lovastatin) and is depicted by the periodic accumulation of lower molecular weight forms of p21 and p27 which also correlate with fluctuations in CDK2 activity.	Lovastatin	116-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	345-348
10502413-7	1999	This analysis revealed that the cAMP activators were capable of inducing p21 even though PKA activity was completely eliminated.	Cyclic AMP	32-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
10502413-8	1999	In the second approach PKA dominant negative stable clones of MDA-MB-157 treated with CT + IBMX or forskolin also resulted in p21 induction, in the absence of any PKA activity.	ct + ibmx	86-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
10502413-8	1999	In the second approach PKA dominant negative stable clones of MDA-MB-157 treated with CT + IBMX or forskolin also resulted in p21 induction, in the absence of any PKA activity.	Colforsin	99-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
10502413-9	1999	Last, treatment of MDA-MB-157 cells with lovastatin, another known cAMP modulator which also causes growth arrest, resulted in the induction of p21 and p27 without any increase in PKA activity.	Lovastatin	41-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
10502413-9	1999	Last, treatment of MDA-MB-157 cells with lovastatin, another known cAMP modulator which also causes growth arrest, resulted in the induction of p21 and p27 without any increase in PKA activity.	Cyclic AMP	67-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
10502413-10	1999	Collectively, the above results suggest that the induction of p21 by cAMP is through a novel pathway, independent of PKA activity.	Cyclic AMP	69-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
10706449-8	1999	The levels of CDK2 activity were inhibited approximately 60% in ATRA-treated cells, suggesting that the increased p21 levels were sufficient to inhibit CDK activity and cause RB hypophosphorylation.	Tretinoin	64-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
10706449-9	1999	Increased levels of p21 have recently been observed in human myeloma cells exposed to dexamethasone, and we suggest that the common ability of these two agents to inhibit myeloma cell growth depends on their induction of p21.	Dexamethasone	86-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
10706449-9	1999	Increased levels of p21 have recently been observed in human myeloma cells exposed to dexamethasone, and we suggest that the common ability of these two agents to inhibit myeloma cell growth depends on their induction of p21.	Dexamethasone	86-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	221-224
10706449-7	1999	The ATRA-mediated increase in p21 preceded the change in RB phosphorylation and G1 arrest and was not reversed by the addition of exogenous IL-6.	Rubidium	57-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
10559936-2	1999	Here we show that p21-activated kinase (Pak1) phosphorylates LIM-kinase at threonine residue 508 within LIM-kinase"s activation loop, and increases LIM-kinase-mediated phosphorylation of the actin-regulatory protein cofilin tenfold in vitro.	Threonine	75-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
10480882-6	1999	In accordance with its inhibitory action on protein synthesis, activation of cyclin D1 and p21 proteins by growth factors is also blocked by preincubation with rapamycin.	Sirolimus	160-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
10619494-6	1999	Both Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were down-regulated by glutamate at 24 h and further at 48 h. The apoptosis-promoting product p21 Bax-alpha was also down-regulated in GB-12 but slightly up-regulated in GB-4, accompanied by generation of variant form of p18 Bax-alpha in both cell lines.	Glutamic Acid	45-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
10619494-6	1999	Both Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were down-regulated by glutamate at 24 h and further at 48 h. The apoptosis-promoting product p21 Bax-alpha was also down-regulated in GB-12 but slightly up-regulated in GB-4, accompanied by generation of variant form of p18 Bax-alpha in both cell lines.	gb-12	157-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
10619494-6	1999	Both Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were down-regulated by glutamate at 24 h and further at 48 h. The apoptosis-promoting product p21 Bax-alpha was also down-regulated in GB-12 but slightly up-regulated in GB-4, accompanied by generation of variant form of p18 Bax-alpha in both cell lines.	GB-4	192-196	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
12541388-2	1999	METHOD: The SP immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of p16, p21 and p53 protein in 116 cases of NPC and 15 cases of non-tumour nasopharyngeal tissue.	TFF2 protein, human	12-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
10460485-5	1999	Retinoic acid (RA) treatment will drive these cells to differentiation toward the neuronal lineage and cause an increase in expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein, which leads to an inhibition in cellular proliferation.	Tretinoin	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
10460485-5	1999	Retinoic acid (RA) treatment will drive these cells to differentiation toward the neuronal lineage and cause an increase in expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein, which leads to an inhibition in cellular proliferation.	Tretinoin	15-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
11671061-16	1999	VO(alpha-D-HMe(3)MP)(L-psal).H(2)O: chemical formula, C(25)H(32)NO(11)V; crystal system, monoclinic; space group, P2(1); a = 13.645(4) A, b = 7.022(2) A, c = 15.500(4) A; beta = 113.98(2) degrees; Z = 2.	Vanadium(II) oxide	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-119
10428811-0	1999	A tyrosine-phosphorylated protein that binds to an important regulatory region on the cool family of p21-activated kinase-binding proteins.	Tyrosine	2-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
10543370-6	1999	Although phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate strongly induced p21 and stabilised p53 in the resting transfected Jurkat cells, neither apoptosis nor cell arrest was observed.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	9-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
10493587-1	1999	Kinetics of binding of beryllium trifluoride to V29G and I36G mutants of Ha-ras-p21.	beryllium trifluoride	23-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
10417423-4	1999	Selenomethionine-containing crystals have been grown in both forms, and anomalous data from the P2(1) selenomethionine enzyme provided the location of 17 of the 19 Se atoms in the protein.	Selenomethionine	102-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-101
10424768-6	1999	FUra exposure resulted in transient induction of p53 and p21, which returned to basal levels 24 hr after drug removal.	Fluorouracil	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
10424768-7	1999	p53 and p21 protein content also increased markedly during paclitaxel exposure, accompanied by phosphorylation of Bcl-2.	Paclitaxel	59-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
10444820-1	1999	The title acid, C10H12O2S, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with one molecule in the asymmetric unit.	Ethyl (phenylthio)acetate	16-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-80
10348819-10	1999	Nocodazole treatment of constitutive IGF-II-expressing cells stimulated p21 expression in the presence of hyperphosphorylated pRb.	Nocodazole	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
10408088-1	1999	The title substance, C12H6O3, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with one molecule in the asymmetric unit.	c12h6o3	21-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
10399961-4	1999	We show that p21 ras processing is blocked by lovastatin, suggesting that inhibition of isoprenylation may be important in lovastatin-induced apoptosis.	Lovastatin	46-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
10399961-4	1999	We show that p21 ras processing is blocked by lovastatin, suggesting that inhibition of isoprenylation may be important in lovastatin-induced apoptosis.	Lovastatin	123-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
10494844-5	1999	Using caged GTP the intrinsic and GAP catalyzed GTPase activity of H-ras p21 is studied.	Guanosine Triphosphate	12-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
10321832-6	1999	E2 prevented down-regulation of p21 and Bcl-2 induced by taxol but did not prevent the down-regulation of p21 induced by etoposide, consistent with the failure of E2 to inhibit etoposide-induced cell death.	Paclitaxel	57-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
10321832-7	1999	However, ECM prevented p21 and Bcl-2 down-regulation induced by taxol or etoposide.	Paclitaxel	64-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
10336521-3	1999	BA-induced apoptosis requires new protein, but not RNA, synthesis, is independent of p53, and results in p21 protein accumulation in the absence of a cell cycle arrest.	betulinic acid	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
10321832-7	1999	However, ECM prevented p21 and Bcl-2 down-regulation induced by taxol or etoposide.	Etoposide	73-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
10469393-8	1999	The number of p21-positive H &amp; RS cells was significantly related with that of the p53-positive cells.	Adenosine Monophosphate	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
10342319-0	1999	Cyclosporine induces the expression of the cyclin inhibitor p21.	Cyclosporine	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
10342319-3	1999	In this study, we examined whether cyclosporine A (CsA) suppresses the cell cycle progression through the induction of the cell cycle inhibitor p21.	Cyclosporine	35-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
10342319-3	1999	In this study, we examined whether cyclosporine A (CsA) suppresses the cell cycle progression through the induction of the cell cycle inhibitor p21.	Cyclosporine	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
10360653-7	1999	p21 expression is induced by boswellic acids via a p53-independent pathway.	boswellic acid	29-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
10342319-7	1999	The dependence of CsA"s induction of p21 was studied using anti-TGF-beta antibody and TGF-beta altered A-549 cells.	Cyclosporine	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
10342319-8	1999	RESULTS: CsA induced p21 mRNA protein expression and stimulated its promoter activity in lymphoid (T cells) and nonlymphoid (human lung adenocarcinoma, A-549 cells).CsA"s induction of p21 was inhibited both by a neutralizing anti-TGF-beta antibody and in TGF-beta-altered A-549 cells, consistent with its effects on p21 requiring TGF-beta.	Cyclosporine	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
10342319-8	1999	RESULTS: CsA induced p21 mRNA protein expression and stimulated its promoter activity in lymphoid (T cells) and nonlymphoid (human lung adenocarcinoma, A-549 cells).CsA"s induction of p21 was inhibited both by a neutralizing anti-TGF-beta antibody and in TGF-beta-altered A-549 cells, consistent with its effects on p21 requiring TGF-beta.	Cyclosporine	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
10342319-8	1999	RESULTS: CsA induced p21 mRNA protein expression and stimulated its promoter activity in lymphoid (T cells) and nonlymphoid (human lung adenocarcinoma, A-549 cells).CsA"s induction of p21 was inhibited both by a neutralizing anti-TGF-beta antibody and in TGF-beta-altered A-549 cells, consistent with its effects on p21 requiring TGF-beta.	Cyclosporine	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
10212255-0	1999	A novel pathway for tumor necrosis factor-alpha and ceramide signaling involving sequential activation of tyrosine kinase, p21(ras), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	Ceramides	52-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
10207107-0	1999	Mitochondrial regulation of cell death: mitochondria are essential for procaspase 3-p21 complex formation to resist Fas-mediated cell death.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
10207107-2	1999	Recently, we reported that the cell cycle regulator p21 interacts with procaspase 3 to resist Fas-mediated cell death.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	94-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
10227127-1	1999	A racemic mixture of the title compound, C12H15NO3, crystallizes in the chiral, monoclinic space group P2(1), with one enantiomerically related pair of molecules per asymmetric unit.	Carbofuran	41-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-108
10087060-6	1999	Estrogen produces a rapid, transient activation of src-family tyrosine kinases and tyrosine phosphorylation of p21(ras)-guanine nucleotide activating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Histamine	254-263	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Potassium Chloride	281-284	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Carbachol	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Guanosine Triphosphate	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Phosphorus-32	105-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Guanosine Triphosphate	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Phosphorus-32	118-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Guanosine Triphosphate	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Phosphorus-32	118-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Carbachol	178-187	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10101031-6	1999	Stimulation of HMC-1 with the stable adenosine analog NECA (5"-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine) activated p21(ras) and both p42 and p44 isoforms of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).	Adenosine	37-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
10101031-6	1999	Stimulation of HMC-1 with the stable adenosine analog NECA (5"-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine) activated p21(ras) and both p42 and p44 isoforms of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).	Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide)	54-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
10101031-6	1999	Stimulation of HMC-1 with the stable adenosine analog NECA (5"-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine) activated p21(ras) and both p42 and p44 isoforms of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).	Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide)	60-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
10194059-2	1999	These interactions not only allow colonization of the human mucosa but also stimulate cellular signaling cascades involving phosphatidylcholine-dependent phospholipase C, acidic sphingomyelinase and protein kinase C in epithelial cells, and Src-related kinases, Rac1, p21-activated kinase, and Jun N-terminal kinase in phagocytic cells.	Phosphatidylcholines	124-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	268-271
10469432-2	1999	GTP to inactive Ras.GDP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
10469432-2	1999	GTP to inactive Ras.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
10037143-2	1999	We found that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced upregulation of p21, not only in MCF-7 cells arrested in the G1 phase as previously shown, but also in cells delayed in the G2 phase.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	14-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
11812373-2	1999	METHODS: The p16, p21 and p53 genes mediated by Stearylamine/DOPE (SA liposome) were introduced alone and jointly into the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line A549 and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) SH77.	2-chloro-10-(4'(N-beta-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl-1')acetylphenothiazine	67-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
11812373-4	1999	RESULTS: The p16, p53 and p21 genes alone mediated by SA liposome can inhibit obviously the growth of NSCLC cell line A549 cells, while the genes were slightly effective on SCLC cell line SH77 cells at day 1, 3, 5 after transfecting the genes.	2-chloro-10-(4'(N-beta-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl-1')acetylphenothiazine	54-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
10071846-1	1999	The title compound, C18H18O4, crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c, with two molecules in the asymmetric unit.	c18h18o4	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
10331244-3	1999	The crystal of [Pd(en)(pyridine)Cl]NO3 is monoclinic, space group P21/c (a = 7.990(2), b = 16.058(3), c = 9.846(2) A, beta = 103.81(3) degrees, Z = 4, R = 0.067, Rw = 0.066).	[pd(en)(pyridine)cl]no3	15-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-71
11812373-2	1999	METHODS: The p16, p21 and p53 genes mediated by Stearylamine/DOPE (SA liposome) were introduced alone and jointly into the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line A549 and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) SH77.	stearylamine	48-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
11812373-2	1999	METHODS: The p16, p21 and p53 genes mediated by Stearylamine/DOPE (SA liposome) were introduced alone and jointly into the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line A549 and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) SH77.	dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine	61-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
9935156-8	1999	Mutation-matched anti-sense oligonucleotides effectively inhibited the growth of these pancreatic cancer cell lines, except for BxPC-3, by suppressing K-ras mRNA expression and K-ras p21 protein synthesis.	Oligonucleotides	28-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
10037143-2	1999	We found that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced upregulation of p21, not only in MCF-7 cells arrested in the G1 phase as previously shown, but also in cells delayed in the G2 phase.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
10037143-3	1999	This increase in p21 in cells accumulated in the G1 and G2/M phases of the cell cycle after PMA treatment was inhibited by the PKC inhibitor GF109203X.	bisindolylmaleimide I	141-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
10037143-7	1999	Furthermore, we found that after PMA treatment p21 was able to associate with the active Tyr-15 dephosphorylated form of cdc2, but this complex was devoid of kinase activity indicating that p21 may play a role in inhibition of cdc2 induced by PMA.	Tyrosine	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10037143-7	1999	Furthermore, we found that after PMA treatment p21 was able to associate with the active Tyr-15 dephosphorylated form of cdc2, but this complex was devoid of kinase activity indicating that p21 may play a role in inhibition of cdc2 induced by PMA.	Tyrosine	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
11670740-10	1998	X-ray data for complex Re(2)Cl(4)(PEt(2)H)(4) 3 are as follows: P2(1)/n with a = 10.445(2) A, b = 10.113(3) A, c = 13.473(2) A, beta = 102.17(2) degrees, and Z = 2.	(2)cl	25-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-69
10927344-7	1999	L-Leucyl-L-valine-methanol (1/1) crystallizes in the space group P2(1) with Z = 2.	H-LEU-VAL-OH	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-70
10927344-7	1999	L-Leucyl-L-valine-methanol (1/1) crystallizes in the space group P2(1) with Z = 2.	Methanol	18-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-70
10927344-10	1999	The solution shows a structure which formally belongs to the space group P2(1), with four dipeptide molecules and four solvent molecules in the asymmetric unit (Z = 8).	Dipeptides	90-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-78
9916711-8	1999	While the tyrosine phosphorylated forms of zeta (p21 and p23) could be observed during Ag stimulation, downstream signaling events such as the generation of phospho-p36, higher m.w.	Tyrosine	10-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
9878368-2	1998	When the structure of GDP-RanQ69L from monoclinic crystals with P21 symmetry was compared with the structure of wild-type Ran obtained from monoclinic crystals, the Q69L mutant showed a large conformational change in residues 68-74, which are in the switch II region of the molecule which changes conformation in response to nucleotide state and which forms the major interaction interface with nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2, sometimes called p10).	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
10048181-1	1999	The title compound, C20H26O4, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P21/c with a single molecule as the asymmetric unit.	C20H26O4	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
9921693-1	1998	The title acid, C10H7NO2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with one molecule in the asymmetric unit.	c10h7no2	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-79
9921696-1	1998	The title compound, C14H10O, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with a single molecule in the asymmetric unit.	c14h10o	20-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-82
9811471-0	1998	Lovastatin mediated G1 arrest in normal and tumor breast cells is through inhibition of CDK2 activity and redistribution of p21 and p27, independent of p53.	Lovastatin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
9823899-5	1998	Here we show that the p21-activated protein kinase Pak3 phosphorylates Raf-1 on serine 338 in vitro and in vivo.	Serine	80-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
9811471-2	1998	In the present study we have investigated the nature of the CKIs (p21 and p27) alterations resulting in G1 arrest in both normal and tumor breast cell lines by lovastatin.	Lovastatin	160-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
9811471-3	1998	We show that even though lovastatin treatment causes G1 arrest in a wide variety of normal and tumor breast cells irrespective of their p53 or pRb status, the p21 and p27 protein levels are not increased in all cell lines treated suggesting that the increase in p21 and p27 protein expression per se is not necessary for lovastatin mediated G1 arrest.	Lovastatin	25-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	262-265
9811471-4	1998	However, the binding of p21 and p27 to CDK2 increases significantly following treatment of cells with lovastatin leading to inhibition of CDK2 activity and a subsequent arrest of cells in G1.	Lovastatin	102-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
9878214-5	1998	Camptothecin, but not beta-lapachone, induced accumulation of p53 and the major growth arrest-associated p53 response protein, p21.	Camptothecin	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
9811471-5	1998	The increased CKI binding to CDK2 is achieved by the redistribution of both p21 and p27 from CDK4 to CDK2 complexes subsequent to decreases in CDK4 and cyclin D3 expression following lovastatin treatment.	Lovastatin	183-193	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
10047792-0	1998	Polyamine analogue-mediated cell cycle responses in human melanoma cells involves the p53, p21, Rb regulatory pathway.	Polyamines	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
9930367-0	1998	p53- and p21-independent apoptosis of squamous cell carcinoma cells induced by 5-fluorouracil and radiation.	Fluorouracil	79-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
9778364-3	1998	The urea-induced equilibrium unfolding transitions for the ternary (p21.GDP.Mg2+), binary (p21.GDP) and apo (p21) forms of p21(H-ras) at pH 7.5 and 25 degreesC were monitored by absorbance and circular dichroism spectroscopies.	Urea	4-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
9778364-3	1998	The urea-induced equilibrium unfolding transitions for the ternary (p21.GDP.Mg2+), binary (p21.GDP) and apo (p21) forms of p21(H-ras) at pH 7.5 and 25 degreesC were monitored by absorbance and circular dichroism spectroscopies.	Urea	4-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
9778364-3	1998	The urea-induced equilibrium unfolding transitions for the ternary (p21.GDP.Mg2+), binary (p21.GDP) and apo (p21) forms of p21(H-ras) at pH 7.5 and 25 degreesC were monitored by absorbance and circular dichroism spectroscopies.	Urea	4-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
9778364-3	1998	The urea-induced equilibrium unfolding transitions for the ternary (p21.GDP.Mg2+), binary (p21.GDP) and apo (p21) forms of p21(H-ras) at pH 7.5 and 25 degreesC were monitored by absorbance and circular dichroism spectroscopies.	Urea	4-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
9778364-6	1998	Near- and far-UV circular dichroism spectra of these three forms of p21(H-ras) show that removal of the Mg2+ from the ternary complex loosens the aromatic side chain packing but leaves the secondary structure largely unchanged.	magnesium ion	104-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
9778364-8	1998	These results demonstrate that ligands play a significant role in the stability and structure of the p21.GDP.Mg2+ complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
9778364-8	1998	These results demonstrate that ligands play a significant role in the stability and structure of the p21.GDP.Mg2+ complex.	magnesium ion	109-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
9778365-1	1998	p21(H-ras) plays a critical role in signal transduction pathways by cycling between an active, GTP/Mg2+ ternary complex and an inactive, GDP/Mg2+ complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
9778365-1	1998	p21(H-ras) plays a critical role in signal transduction pathways by cycling between an active, GTP/Mg2+ ternary complex and an inactive, GDP/Mg2+ complex.	magnesium ion	99-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
9778365-1	1998	p21(H-ras) plays a critical role in signal transduction pathways by cycling between an active, GTP/Mg2+ ternary complex and an inactive, GDP/Mg2+ complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
9778365-1	1998	p21(H-ras) plays a critical role in signal transduction pathways by cycling between an active, GTP/Mg2+ ternary complex and an inactive, GDP/Mg2+ complex.	magnesium ion	141-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
9778365-11	1998	Only the faster unfolding reaction is observed in the absence of Mg2+, suggesting that this reaction corresponds to the unfolding of the binary complex, p21(H-ras)*GDP.	magnesium ion	65-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
9778365-11	1998	Only the faster unfolding reaction is observed in the absence of Mg2+, suggesting that this reaction corresponds to the unfolding of the binary complex, p21(H-ras)*GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
9778365-12	1998	The slower unfolding reaction presumably corresponds to the unfolding of the ternary complex, p21(H-ras)*GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
9778365-14	1998	The kinetic data show that the refolding/unfolding of p21(H-ras) occurs through parallel channels that are strongly influenced by the binding/release of GDP and Mg2+ to/from a pair of native conformers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
9778365-14	1998	The kinetic data show that the refolding/unfolding of p21(H-ras) occurs through parallel channels that are strongly influenced by the binding/release of GDP and Mg2+ to/from a pair of native conformers.	magnesium ion	161-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
9930367-12	1998	These findings indicate that 5-FU and gamma-rays induce apoptosis of squamous cell carcinoma cells in p53- and p21-independent manners, in the S and G2/M phases, respectively.	Fluorouracil	29-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
11939039-5	1998	It indicates that CTP and COV can cause the p21 protein level increase in the occupational population.	Cytidine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
9778042-7	1998	In addition, sulindac sulfide can impair the nucleotide exchange on p21ras by CDC25 as well as the acceleration of the p21ras GTPase reaction by p120GAP.	sulindac sulfide	13-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
9774361-6	1998	Both Ang II and A23187 caused a rapid increase in the binding of GTP to p21(Ras), which was nearly abolished by genistein and calmidazolium.	Calcimycin	16-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
9774361-6	1998	Both Ang II and A23187 caused a rapid increase in the binding of GTP to p21(Ras), which was nearly abolished by genistein and calmidazolium.	Guanosine Triphosphate	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
9774361-6	1998	Both Ang II and A23187 caused a rapid increase in the binding of GTP to p21(Ras), which was nearly abolished by genistein and calmidazolium.	Genistein	112-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
9774361-6	1998	Both Ang II and A23187 caused a rapid increase in the binding of GTP to p21(Ras), which was nearly abolished by genistein and calmidazolium.	calmidazolium	126-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
9774361-9	1998	Overexpression of the dominant negative mutant of Pyk2 significantly attenuated Ang II or A23187-induced ERK activities (36% and 38% inhibition compared with that in mock-transfected cells, respectively) and ERK tyrosine phosphorylation levels, as well as an increase in the binding of GTP to p21(Ras).	Calcimycin	90-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	293-296
11939039-5	1998	It indicates that CTP and COV can cause the p21 protein level increase in the occupational population.	(1S,3R,5Z,7E,14beta,17alpha)-17-[(2S,4S)-4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-9,10-secoandrosta-5,7,10-triene-1,3-diol	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
9712657-5	1998	The activation of alpha-Bgt-AChRs by nicotine results in the induction of the tumor suppressor protein p53 and the cdk inhibitor p21.	Nicotine	37-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
9740740-5	1998	The effect of glycerol and MG on the ESEEM amplitudes of various protein nucleiwas studied in ras p21.Mn(II).	methylglucoside	27-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
9740740-7	1998	In particular, in p21 incorporating [2H-3]Thr, the Mn(II)-[2H-3]Thr35 distance was found to be unaffected by the concentration of cryoprotectant or the rate of freezing.	Deuterium	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
9740740-7	1998	In particular, in p21 incorporating [2H-3]Thr, the Mn(II)-[2H-3]Thr35 distance was found to be unaffected by the concentration of cryoprotectant or the rate of freezing.	Manganese(2+)	51-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
9706145-2	1998	Previous studies have shown that p21 and histone hyperacetylation are important in basal growth inhibition by butyrate.	Butyrates	110-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
9740740-9	1998	In p21.Mn(II)GMPPNP, the large deuterium modulations from the d5-glycerol exhibit saturation behavior with increasing d5-glycerol concentration, implying that glycerol, a widely used cryoprotectant, replaces the aquo ligands of the Mn(II) ion.	mn(ii)gmppnp	7-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	3-6
9740740-9	1998	In p21.Mn(II)GMPPNP, the large deuterium modulations from the d5-glycerol exhibit saturation behavior with increasing d5-glycerol concentration, implying that glycerol, a widely used cryoprotectant, replaces the aquo ligands of the Mn(II) ion.	Deuterium	31-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	3-6
9740740-9	1998	In p21.Mn(II)GMPPNP, the large deuterium modulations from the d5-glycerol exhibit saturation behavior with increasing d5-glycerol concentration, implying that glycerol, a widely used cryoprotectant, replaces the aquo ligands of the Mn(II) ion.	d5-glycerol	62-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	3-6
9740740-9	1998	In p21.Mn(II)GMPPNP, the large deuterium modulations from the d5-glycerol exhibit saturation behavior with increasing d5-glycerol concentration, implying that glycerol, a widely used cryoprotectant, replaces the aquo ligands of the Mn(II) ion.	Glycerol	65-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	3-6
9740740-9	1998	In p21.Mn(II)GMPPNP, the large deuterium modulations from the d5-glycerol exhibit saturation behavior with increasing d5-glycerol concentration, implying that glycerol, a widely used cryoprotectant, replaces the aquo ligands of the Mn(II) ion.	Manganese(2+)	7-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	3-6
9740740-10	1998	The interaction between the Mn(II) ion of p21 and MG, however, is less intimate: the deuterium ESEEM amplitudes are much smaller for samples prepared with d7-MG than with d5-glycerol.	Manganese(2+)	28-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
9740740-10	1998	The interaction between the Mn(II) ion of p21 and MG, however, is less intimate: the deuterium ESEEM amplitudes are much smaller for samples prepared with d7-MG than with d5-glycerol.	Deuterium	85-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
9740740-10	1998	The interaction between the Mn(II) ion of p21 and MG, however, is less intimate: the deuterium ESEEM amplitudes are much smaller for samples prepared with d7-MG than with d5-glycerol.	d7-mg	155-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
9740740-10	1998	The interaction between the Mn(II) ion of p21 and MG, however, is less intimate: the deuterium ESEEM amplitudes are much smaller for samples prepared with d7-MG than with d5-glycerol.	d5-glycerol	171-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
11670523-14	1998	Complex Zn(py)(2)Br(2) crystallizes in the monoclinic P2(1)/c space group with a = 8.534(2) A, b = 18.316(4) A, c = 8.461(2) A, beta = 101.07(3) degrees, V = 1297.9(5) A(3), and Z = 4.	zn(py	8-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-59
9732400-4	1998	Prolonged exposure for 72 hr to high nanomolar to low micromolar concentrations of topotecan augmented p21 protein levels and induced G2/M arrest but failed to consistently alter BCL-2 and BAX protein levels, did not induce significant DNA/topoisomerase I complex formation and did not inhibit RNA synthesis.	Topotecan	83-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
9693007-1	1998	The vibrational spectra of phosphate modes for GDP and GTP bound to the c-Harvey p21(ras) protein have been determined using 18O isotope edited Raman difference spectroscopy.	Phosphates	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
9693007-1	1998	The vibrational spectra of phosphate modes for GDP and GTP bound to the c-Harvey p21(ras) protein have been determined using 18O isotope edited Raman difference spectroscopy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
9693007-1	1998	The vibrational spectra of phosphate modes for GDP and GTP bound to the c-Harvey p21(ras) protein have been determined using 18O isotope edited Raman difference spectroscopy.	Guanosine Triphosphate	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
9664115-3	1998	Treatment with cisplatin and carboplatin also provoked an increase in the level of p53 and p21, and a lowering in Bcl-2.	Cisplatin	15-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
9664115-3	1998	Treatment with cisplatin and carboplatin also provoked an increase in the level of p53 and p21, and a lowering in Bcl-2.	Carboplatin	29-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
9726816-5	1998	In contrast, PDTC, DDTC, and ammonium dithiocarbamate (ADTC) did not induce apoptosis; rather they led to the induction of p53 and p21 followed by G1/S arrest.	prolinedithiocarbamate	13-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
9726816-5	1998	In contrast, PDTC, DDTC, and ammonium dithiocarbamate (ADTC) did not induce apoptosis; rather they led to the induction of p53 and p21 followed by G1/S arrest.	Ditiocarb	19-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
9726816-5	1998	In contrast, PDTC, DDTC, and ammonium dithiocarbamate (ADTC) did not induce apoptosis; rather they led to the induction of p53 and p21 followed by G1/S arrest.	AMMONIUM DITHIOCARBAMATE	29-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
9726816-5	1998	In contrast, PDTC, DDTC, and ammonium dithiocarbamate (ADTC) did not induce apoptosis; rather they led to the induction of p53 and p21 followed by G1/S arrest.	adtc	55-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
9706145-11	1998	CONCLUSIONS: Butyrate appears to inhibit colon cancer cell growth by two mechanisms, one involving histone hyperacetylation and p21 induction and the other related to impaired EGF-responsiveness.	Butyrates	13-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
9739543-1	1998	Phenanthrene-4-carboxylic acid, C15H10O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/n, while 1,2-dihydrophenanthrene-4-carboxylic acid, C15H12O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group Pbca.	phenanthrene-4-carboxylic acid	0-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-95
9783903-0	1998	Action of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the cell cycle genes, cyclin D1, p21 and p27 in MCF-7 cells.	Calcitriol	10-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
9719464-0	1998	Induction of p21 during ceramide-mediated apoptosis in human hepatocarcinoma cells.	Ceramides	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
9719464-2	1998	In this study, we investigated the expression of the p21 gene and its relationship to apoptosis induced by ceramide.	Ceramides	107-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
9719464-5	1998	This apoptotic cell death with p21 induction was also observed in the Hep 3B cells lacking functional p53 after exposure to C6-ceramide.	N-caproylsphingosine	124-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
9719464-6	1998	These findings suggest that ceramide-induced apoptosis is associated with the upregulation of p21 mRNA and protein in a p53-independent pathway.	Ceramides	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
9665734-0	1998	Time-resolved FTIR studies of the GTPase reaction of H-ras p21 reveal a key role for the beta-phosphate.	beta-phosphate	89-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
9739543-1	1998	Phenanthrene-4-carboxylic acid, C15H10O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/n, while 1,2-dihydrophenanthrene-4-carboxylic acid, C15H12O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group Pbca.	c15h10o2	32-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-95
9739544-1	1998	The title acid, 8-aminooctanoic acid, C8H17NO2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/n in the zwitterionic form.	acid, 8-aminooctanoic acid	10-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-101
9739544-1	1998	The title acid, 8-aminooctanoic acid, C8H17NO2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/n in the zwitterionic form.	c8h17no2	38-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-101
9601032-7	1998	It is suggested that, by analogy to the GTPase activity of p21(ras) and by examining the crystallographic structure of Spo0F, that the carboxyamide of the mutant Asn 56 may favorably position a catalytic water near the protein acyl phosphate to promote Spo0F approximately P K56N hydrolysis.	Carbamates	135-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
9624165-9	1998	p21(Cdc42Hs/Rac)-activated kinase (PAK) phosphorylates p67(phox) amino acid residues adjacent to the Rac1/2-binding site, and this phosphorylation is stimulated by deletion of the C-terminal SH3 domain or the polyproline-rich motif.	polyproline	209-220	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
9642224-5	1998	Increasing p21(ras) activity by expressing v-ras or by treatment with an antisense oligonucleotide to the GTPase-activating protein was found to accelerate the Fas-mediated apoptotic process in Jurkat and mouse LF cells.	Oligonucleotides	83-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	11-14
9642224-5	1998	Increasing p21(ras) activity by expressing v-ras or by treatment with an antisense oligonucleotide to the GTPase-activating protein was found to accelerate the Fas-mediated apoptotic process in Jurkat and mouse LF cells.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	160-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	11-14
9642224-7	1998	In contrast, Fas engagement, although inducing a vigorous and PKC-independent activation of endogenous p21(ras), did not alter cell cycle progression, nor did it require such progression for apoptosis.	ammonium ferrous sulfate	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
9624180-6	1998	alpha2-Adrenergic stimulation also led to an increase in GDP/GTP exchange on p21(rhoA), as well as to an increase in the amount of p21(rhoA) in the particulate fraction of alpha2AF2 preadipocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
9624180-6	1998	alpha2-Adrenergic stimulation also led to an increase in GDP/GTP exchange on p21(rhoA), as well as to an increase in the amount of p21(rhoA) in the particulate fraction of alpha2AF2 preadipocytes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	61-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
9675842-1	1998	The title molecule, C12H18O3, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with two molecules in the asymmetric unit.	c12h18o3	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
9675843-1	1998	The title acid, C13H10O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with four molecules in the asymmetric unit.	c13h10o2	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-79
9626359-8	1998	These results suggest that SB induces cellular differentiation and suppresses growth and tumorigenicity of HCC cells in vitro and in viva by a mechanism independent of p53 but possibly dependent on p21.	Butyric Acid	27-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	198-201
9601032-7	1998	It is suggested that, by analogy to the GTPase activity of p21(ras) and by examining the crystallographic structure of Spo0F, that the carboxyamide of the mutant Asn 56 may favorably position a catalytic water near the protein acyl phosphate to promote Spo0F approximately P K56N hydrolysis.	Asparagine	162-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
9601032-7	1998	It is suggested that, by analogy to the GTPase activity of p21(ras) and by examining the crystallographic structure of Spo0F, that the carboxyamide of the mutant Asn 56 may favorably position a catalytic water near the protein acyl phosphate to promote Spo0F approximately P K56N hydrolysis.	Phosphates	232-241	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
9871712-1	1998	Assuming that substrate-assisted catalysis is the mechanism of GTP hydrolysis for ras p21 and other GTP-binding proteins, we used the PM3 semiempirical molecular orbital method to predict from the calculated reaction profiles of GTP hydrolysis reactions the changes in GTPase activities caused by mutations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
9576849-3	1998	To understand the molecular basis for the H2O2-induced growth arrest, we determined the cell cycle distribution, levels of p53 tumour suppressor and p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins, and the status of Rb phosphorylation in H2O2-treated cells.	Hydrogen Peroxide	42-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
9576849-8	1998	The level of p21 protein increased about 18 h after H2O2 exposure and remained elevated for at least 21 days.	Hydrogen Peroxide	52-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
9576849-14	1998	Thus H2O2-treated cells show a transient elevation of p53, high level of p21, lack of Rb phosphorylation, G1 arrest and inability to replicate when G1 arrest is inactivated.	Hydrogen Peroxide	5-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
9871712-1	1998	Assuming that substrate-assisted catalysis is the mechanism of GTP hydrolysis for ras p21 and other GTP-binding proteins, we used the PM3 semiempirical molecular orbital method to predict from the calculated reaction profiles of GTP hydrolysis reactions the changes in GTPase activities caused by mutations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
9871712-1	1998	Assuming that substrate-assisted catalysis is the mechanism of GTP hydrolysis for ras p21 and other GTP-binding proteins, we used the PM3 semiempirical molecular orbital method to predict from the calculated reaction profiles of GTP hydrolysis reactions the changes in GTPase activities caused by mutations.	Guanosine Triphosphate	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
9574518-4	1998	The combined stimulation of either CD3 and CD28 or CD3 concurrently with C2-ceramide largely enhanced the activity of p21-activated kinase and MEK kinase 1.	N-acetylsphingosine	73-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
9531502-7	1998	In contrast, altering the p21(ras)-dependent pathway with either manumycin, an inhibitor of Ras farnesylation, or PD98059, an inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) kinase, suppressed the induction of ERCC-1 mRNA by insulin (P&lt;0.001).	manumycin	65-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
9438391-2	1998	Using the proteasome-specific inhibitors, MG132 (N-acetyl-L-leucinyl-L-leucinal-L-leucinal) and lactacystin, here we show that the p53-response proteins, bax and mdm2 as well as p21, are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in HeLa cells.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	42-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
9528787-11	1998	Coexpression of this PAK inhibitor with Cdc42G12V prevented the formation of peripheral actin microspikes and associated loss of stress fibers normally induced by the p21.	cdc42g12v	40-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
9761883-1	1998	Balhimycin is a naturally occurring glycopeptide antibiotic, related to vancomycin which acts by binding nascent bacterial cell-wall peptide ending in the sequence D-Ala-D-Ala. Crystals of balhimycin are monoclinic, space group P21, a = 20.48 (10), b = 43.93 (21), c = 27.76 (14) A, beta = 100.5 (5) degrees with four independent antibiotic molecules, three molecules of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, two citrate ions, three acetate ions and 127.5 water molecules in the asymmetric unit.	balhimycin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
9761883-1	1998	Balhimycin is a naturally occurring glycopeptide antibiotic, related to vancomycin which acts by binding nascent bacterial cell-wall peptide ending in the sequence D-Ala-D-Ala. Crystals of balhimycin are monoclinic, space group P21, a = 20.48 (10), b = 43.93 (21), c = 27.76 (14) A, beta = 100.5 (5) degrees with four independent antibiotic molecules, three molecules of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, two citrate ions, three acetate ions and 127.5 water molecules in the asymmetric unit.	Vancomycin	72-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
9761883-1	1998	Balhimycin is a naturally occurring glycopeptide antibiotic, related to vancomycin which acts by binding nascent bacterial cell-wall peptide ending in the sequence D-Ala-D-Ala. Crystals of balhimycin are monoclinic, space group P21, a = 20.48 (10), b = 43.93 (21), c = 27.76 (14) A, beta = 100.5 (5) degrees with four independent antibiotic molecules, three molecules of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, two citrate ions, three acetate ions and 127.5 water molecules in the asymmetric unit.	balhimycin	189-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	228-231
9452502-4	1998	We present in vitro evidence for a plasma membrane binding protein for p21(ras) that can recognize the isoprenoid substituent and, therefore, may facilitate the localization of p21ras.	Terpenes	103-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
9476915-5	1998	Renaturation of apical membrane proteins within polyacrylamide gels showed that p19s and p21s autophosphorylated with either gamma[32P]GTP or gamma[32P]ATP as substrates, suggesting that the two proteins were kinases.	polyacrylamide	48-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
9476915-5	1998	Renaturation of apical membrane proteins within polyacrylamide gels showed that p19s and p21s autophosphorylated with either gamma[32P]GTP or gamma[32P]ATP as substrates, suggesting that the two proteins were kinases.	gamma[32p]gtp	125-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
9476915-5	1998	Renaturation of apical membrane proteins within polyacrylamide gels showed that p19s and p21s autophosphorylated with either gamma[32P]GTP or gamma[32P]ATP as substrates, suggesting that the two proteins were kinases.	Phosphorus-32	130-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
9533953-7	1998	The vimar protein contains 15 tandem copies of the Armadillo repeat, a protein interaction domain, and is similar to mammalian Smg guanine dissociation stimulator protein, which stimulates the activity of a number of different p21 small G-proteins.	Guanine	131-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	227-230
9476915-5	1998	Renaturation of apical membrane proteins within polyacrylamide gels showed that p19s and p21s autophosphorylated with either gamma[32P]GTP or gamma[32P]ATP as substrates, suggesting that the two proteins were kinases.	Adenosine Triphosphate	152-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
9438391-2	1998	Using the proteasome-specific inhibitors, MG132 (N-acetyl-L-leucinyl-L-leucinal-L-leucinal) and lactacystin, here we show that the p53-response proteins, bax and mdm2 as well as p21, are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in HeLa cells.	lactacystin	96-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
9659915-2	1998	We have purified and cloned a new class of Rho-p21 guanine nucleotide exchange factor binding tightly through its N-terminal SH3 domain to a conserved proline-rich PAK sequence with a Kd of 24 nM.	Proline	151-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
9717256-2	1998	CNF1 covalently and specifically modifies the p21 Rho GTP-binding protein in mammalian cells by deamidation of the p21 Rho glutamine 63.	Glutamine	123-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
9717256-2	1998	CNF1 covalently and specifically modifies the p21 Rho GTP-binding protein in mammalian cells by deamidation of the p21 Rho glutamine 63.	Glutamine	123-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
10682555-1	1998	To study the relationship between the expressions of tumor supressor protein p21 and p53 and malignant growth of gastric carcinoma, 88 paraffin embedded specimens of gastric carcinoma and gastric ulcer were examined with immunohistochemical method.	Paraffin	135-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
9661152-9	1998	As an example of such investigations, the time-resolved FTIR studies on the GTPase reaction of H-ras p21 using caged GTP is presented.	Guanosine Triphosphate	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
9398294-3	1997	The same phenomenon may also account for the diminished GTPase activity of the homologous transforming Gly42 --&gt; Val mutation in p21(ras).	Valine	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
9876011-0	1998	Modulation of ras p21 oncoprotein levels and DNA strand breakage in human cells with chemotherapeutic agents and/or deferoxamine.	Deferoxamine	116-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
9876011-3	1998	In the present study, therefore, ras p21 protein expression was examined in in vitro cultures of human lymphocytes treated with mitomycin C and in the human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell line treated with doxorubicin with and without deferoxamine.	Mitomycin	128-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
9876011-3	1998	In the present study, therefore, ras p21 protein expression was examined in in vitro cultures of human lymphocytes treated with mitomycin C and in the human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell line treated with doxorubicin with and without deferoxamine.	Doxorubicin	208-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
9876011-5	1998	Increases in p21 protein levels were seen with mitomycin C but no clear response was seen with doxorubicin.	Mitomycin	47-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
9876011-6	1998	However, deferoxamine, with and without doxorubicin, altered p21 expression.	Deferoxamine	9-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
9876011-6	1998	However, deferoxamine, with and without doxorubicin, altered p21 expression.	Doxorubicin	40-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
9876011-7	1998	Deferoxamine is an iron chelator so these results support the hypothesis that oxygen radicals were responsible for the altered p21 protein levels.	Deferoxamine	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
9876011-7	1998	Deferoxamine is an iron chelator so these results support the hypothesis that oxygen radicals were responsible for the altered p21 protein levels.	Reactive Oxygen Species	78-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
9396728-2	1997	The covalent complex has been prepared by introducing a disulphide bond between Cys-1 of P21 and Lys-13 of Mp, previously modified with a thiol-containing reagent.	disulphide	56-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
9396728-2	1997	The covalent complex has been prepared by introducing a disulphide bond between Cys-1 of P21 and Lys-13 of Mp, previously modified with a thiol-containing reagent.	Lysine	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
9396728-2	1997	The covalent complex has been prepared by introducing a disulphide bond between Cys-1 of P21 and Lys-13 of Mp, previously modified with a thiol-containing reagent.	Sulfhydryl Compounds	138-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
9396728-4	1997	The results obtained indicate that His-13 of P21 co-ordinates to the sixth co-ordination position of the haem iron, thus leading to the formation of a complex characterized by an equilibrium between an "open" and a "closed" structure, as confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations.	Histidine	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
9396728-4	1997	The results obtained indicate that His-13 of P21 co-ordinates to the sixth co-ordination position of the haem iron, thus leading to the formation of a complex characterized by an equilibrium between an "open" and a "closed" structure, as confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations.	Iron	110-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
9419978-1	1997	It has been shown recently that expression of p21 is enhanced by paclitaxel.	Paclitaxel	65-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
9396728-5	1997	Under acidic pH conditions, where His-13 of P21 is loosely bound to the haem iron ("open" conformation), MKP displays appreciable, quasi-reversible electrochemical activity; in contrast, at neutral pH ("closed" conformation) electrochemical behaviour is negligible, indicating that P21 interferes with the electron-transfer properties typical of Mp.	Histidine	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
9396728-5	1997	Under acidic pH conditions, where His-13 of P21 is loosely bound to the haem iron ("open" conformation), MKP displays appreciable, quasi-reversible electrochemical activity; in contrast, at neutral pH ("closed" conformation) electrochemical behaviour is negligible, indicating that P21 interferes with the electron-transfer properties typical of Mp.	Heme	72-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
9396728-5	1997	Under acidic pH conditions, where His-13 of P21 is loosely bound to the haem iron ("open" conformation), MKP displays appreciable, quasi-reversible electrochemical activity; in contrast, at neutral pH ("closed" conformation) electrochemical behaviour is negligible, indicating that P21 interferes with the electron-transfer properties typical of Mp.	Iron	77-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
9419978-0	1997	Involvement of p21 in mitotic exit after paclitaxel treatment in MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cell line.	Paclitaxel	41-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
9419978-3	1997	In the present study, we showed that, in MCF-7 cells, paclitaxel induced accumulation of p21 in cells with a G2/M DNA content, corresponding to cells either in abnormal mitosis or in an interphase-like state (decondensed chromatin) with multiple nuclei.	Paclitaxel	54-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
9419978-6	1997	High levels of p21 protein were also found to be associated with inactive p34cdc2/cyclin B protein complex after treatment with paclitaxel.	Paclitaxel	128-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
9419978-7	1997	Treatment with p21 antisense oligonucleotide partially blocked induction of p21 expression by paclitaxel and significantly reduced survival of MCF-7 cells exposed to this agent.	Oligonucleotides	29-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
9419978-7	1997	Treatment with p21 antisense oligonucleotide partially blocked induction of p21 expression by paclitaxel and significantly reduced survival of MCF-7 cells exposed to this agent.	Oligonucleotides	29-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
9419978-7	1997	Treatment with p21 antisense oligonucleotide partially blocked induction of p21 expression by paclitaxel and significantly reduced survival of MCF-7 cells exposed to this agent.	Paclitaxel	94-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
9419978-7	1997	Treatment with p21 antisense oligonucleotide partially blocked induction of p21 expression by paclitaxel and significantly reduced survival of MCF-7 cells exposed to this agent.	Paclitaxel	94-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
9419978-8	1997	In NIH-OVCAR-3 cells, which are deficient in basal and paclitaxel-induced p21 expression, paclitaxel led to a prolonged activation of p34cdc2 and a delayed mitotic exit associated with apoptotic cell death.	Paclitaxel	55-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
9419978-8	1997	In NIH-OVCAR-3 cells, which are deficient in basal and paclitaxel-induced p21 expression, paclitaxel led to a prolonged activation of p34cdc2 and a delayed mitotic exit associated with apoptotic cell death.	Paclitaxel	90-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
9434871-0	1997	Examination of ras (P21) proteins in plasma from workers exposed to benzene emissions from petrochemical plants and healthy controls.	Benzene	68-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-23
9374488-3	1997	SL-GTP was hydrolyzed by p21 with rates similar to those for GTP hydrolysis and appears to be an excellent substrate analog.	sl-gtp	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
9374488-3	1997	SL-GTP was hydrolyzed by p21 with rates similar to those for GTP hydrolysis and appears to be an excellent substrate analog.	Guanosine Triphosphate	3-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
9374488-4	1997	The ESR spectra of SL-GTP and SL-GDP in complex with p21 differ significantly when acquired at 0 degrees C or 5 degrees C indicating different environments (conformations) of the protein-bound radicals depending on the phosphorylation state of the bound nucleotide.	sl-gtp	19-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
9374488-4	1997	The ESR spectra of SL-GTP and SL-GDP in complex with p21 differ significantly when acquired at 0 degrees C or 5 degrees C indicating different environments (conformations) of the protein-bound radicals depending on the phosphorylation state of the bound nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
9374488-5	1997	We calculated the rate constant for the conformational change as deduced from the changes in the corresponding ESR spectra upon incubation of the p21.SL-GTP complex at 25 degrees C and compared it to the rate constant of hydrolysis of SL-GTP at the same temperature.	sl-gtp	150-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
9374488-5	1997	We calculated the rate constant for the conformational change as deduced from the changes in the corresponding ESR spectra upon incubation of the p21.SL-GTP complex at 25 degrees C and compared it to the rate constant of hydrolysis of SL-GTP at the same temperature.	sl-gtp	235-241	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
9374488-7	1997	The data are in agreement with the idea that a conformational change during GTP hydrolysis by p21 occurs simultaneously with the actual hydrolysis step.	Guanosine Triphosphate	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
9431662-1	1997	The title compound, (+/-)-cis-2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid, C10H10O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/n.	(1S,2R)-2-Phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid	20-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-130
9431662-1	1997	The title compound, (+/-)-cis-2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid, C10H10O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/n.	1-phenylbut-2-yne-1,4-diol	67-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-130
9431663-5	1997	1,4,5,8-Naphthalenetetracarboxylic 1,8:4,5-dianhydride, C14H4O6, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with half the molecule as the asymmetric unit.	naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride	0-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-118
9431663-5	1997	1,4,5,8-Naphthalenetetracarboxylic 1,8:4,5-dianhydride, C14H4O6, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c with half the molecule as the asymmetric unit.	c14h4o6	56-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-118
9415415-8	1997	A dramatic increase in the level of p21 mRNA was seen in epirubicin-treated MCF-7 cells, while no such increase was seen in SK-BR-3 cells.	Epirubicin	57-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
9434871-2	1997	Altogether 97 plasma samples from workers and 40 from unexposed matched referents from two samplings in different seasons were analyzed for the presence of ras (P21) proteins; of the workers 50 were exposed to benzene in the benzene production plant and 47 to polyaromatic hydrocarbons and benzene in a cokery.	Benzene	210-217	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	161-164
9494538-3	1997	Only two of three MCF10-2A clones which expressed mutant p21 protein acquired the ability to form colonies in soft agar.	Agar	115-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
9398050-6	1997	LN-229 cells which have partial p53-wild-type activity show enhanced expression of p53, p21 and bax protein, whereas bcl-2 levels decrease, after exposure to camptothecin.	Camptothecin	158-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
9398520-1	1997	A normal mode and energy minimization of ras p21 is used to determine the flexibility of the protein and the origin of the conformational differences between GTP and GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	158-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
9398520-1	1997	A normal mode and energy minimization of ras p21 is used to determine the flexibility of the protein and the origin of the conformational differences between GTP and GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
9358730-2	1997	Two depsipeptides and one ethanol molecule per asymmetric unit crystallize in space group P2(1) (Z = 4); a = 14.579, b = 39.795, c = 13.928 A, beta = 116.90, Rl = 0.0757.	Ethanol	26-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-95
9348195-4	1997	Both 1,25-(OH)2D3 and TPA independently up-regulated the vitamin D receptor, p21, and the hypophosphorylated form of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein.	Calcitriol	5-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
9348195-4	1997	Both 1,25-(OH)2D3 and TPA independently up-regulated the vitamin D receptor, p21, and the hypophosphorylated form of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	22-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
9348195-8	1997	In MCF-7D3Res cells, 1,25-(OH)2D3 treatment had minimal effects on p21 or Rb protein expression, whereas TPA down-regulated Rb protein and transiently up-regulated p21.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	105-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
9312159-6	1997	Because the MAP kinases have been implicated in cell growth, the p21(ras)-MAP kinase pathway may represent one of the mechanisms that mediates homocysteine"s effect on VEC growth.	Homocysteine	143-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
9342335-1	1997	Conformational changes in ras p21 triggered by the hydrolysis of GTP play an essential role in the signal transduction pathway.	Guanosine Triphosphate	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
9362552-1	1997	The title compound, C13H12O4, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c and exhibits cyclic dimer hydrogen bonding about a center of symmetry.	c13h12o4	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
9362554-4	1997	Tyr-D-Tic-NH2 crystals are monoclinic (P2(1)), the asymmetric unit containing one peptide molecule and one molecule of water.	Tyr-D-Tic-NH2	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-44
9378960-7	1997	Although both p21 and p23 tyrosine-phosphorylated forms of zeta as well as phospho-CD3 epsilon molecules were constitutively present in human thymocytes and could be immunoprecipitated with ZAP-70- or CD3 epsilon-specific Abs, the p21 species of zeta was predominant in CD5 immune complexes.	Tyrosine	26-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	231-234
9312159-4	1997	Homocysteine decreased carboxyl methylation of p21(ras) (a G1 regulator whose activity is regulated by prenylation and methylation in addition to GTP-GDP exchange) by 50% in VEC but not VSMC, a difference that may be explained by the ability of homocysteine to dramatically increase levels of S-adenosylhomocysteine, a potent inhibitor of methyltransferase, in VEC but not VSMC.	Homocysteine	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
9312159-5	1997	Moreover, homocysteine-induced hypomethylation in VEC was associated with a 66% reduction in membrane-associated p21(ras) and a 67% reduction in extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, which is a member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family.	Homocysteine	10-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
9312058-7	1997	In vivo generation of a C-terminal cleavage product of endogenous p53 similar in size to p50(DeltaC) correlated with up-regulation of p21 expression in ML-1 cells exposed to either adriamycin or cisplatin.	Doxorubicin	181-191	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
9312058-7	1997	In vivo generation of a C-terminal cleavage product of endogenous p53 similar in size to p50(DeltaC) correlated with up-regulation of p21 expression in ML-1 cells exposed to either adriamycin or cisplatin.	Cisplatin	195-204	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
9328342-10	1997	Instead, a second progesterone dose delays the fall of p21 and enhances the rise of p27(Kip1), thereby intensifying the progesterone resistance in an autoinhibitory loop.	Progesterone	18-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
9287316-6	1997	In this work, we have used a fluorescent active mutant (Y32W) of p21(Ha-)ras to demonstrate that BeF3- binds to the GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
11670106-5	1997	An X-ray structure of the thf solvate of the latter compound was determined: space group P2(1)/c, a = 11.612(1) A, b = 10.759(2) A, c = 14.291(2) A, beta = 105.50(1) degrees, V = 1720.5(4) A(3), Z = 4, R = 0.062.	tetrahydrofuran	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-96
9313336-1	1997	The title compound, C17H10O9,2H2O, crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/a but does not exhibit strong eight-membered cyclic dimer hydrogen bonds about centers of symmetry or otherwise.	c17h10o9	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-88
9313337-1	1997	The title compound, C18H16O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/a.	c18h16o2	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
9313339-0	1997	Hydrogen bonding and ring asymmetry in a substituted cyclopropane: (+)-trans-(1S,2S)-2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid at 208 K. The title compound, C10H10O2, crystallized in space group P2(1) with two molecules in the asymmetric unit.	cyclopropane	53-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-194
9278434-3	1997	However, inducible overexpression and activation of the protein kinase Calpha isozyme or the addition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in the prostate epithelial cell line, LNCaP, resulted in apoptosis preceded by induction of p21 and dephosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	105-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	234-237
9276920-1	1997	The title compound, C15H10O2, was found to crystallize in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/n.	c15h10o2	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-95
9311595-8	1997	These data demonstrate that peptide vaccination with a single mutant p21-ras-derived peptide induces CD4+ and CD8+ CTL specific for nested epitopes, including the Gly --&gt; Val substitution at codon 12, and that both these T-cell sub-sets specifically recognize tumour cells harbouring the corresponding K-ras mutation.	Glycine	163-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
9311595-8	1997	These data demonstrate that peptide vaccination with a single mutant p21-ras-derived peptide induces CD4+ and CD8+ CTL specific for nested epitopes, including the Gly --&gt; Val substitution at codon 12, and that both these T-cell sub-sets specifically recognize tumour cells harbouring the corresponding K-ras mutation.	Valine	174-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
9199341-2	1997	Addition of estradiol relieves the cell cycle block created by tamoxifen treatment, leading to marked activation of cyclin E-cdk2 complexes and phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein within 6 h. Cyclin D1 levels increase significantly while the levels of cyclin E, cdk2, and the p21 and p27 cdk inhibitors are relatively constant.	Estradiol	12-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	286-289
9309221-8	1997	CONCLUSIONS: The 13C beta of Thr35 is more distant from the active site Mn2+ in the frozen solution structure than in the crystal structure of p21.Mg2+ GMPPNP, indicating that Thr35 only weakly coordinates the metal ion in frozen solution.	mg2+ gmppnp	147-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	143-146
9260897-3	1997	RA did not induce p16 and p27 expression, but obviously reduced p21 level in MCF-7 cells.	Tretinoin	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
9241813-1	1997	The title compound, C12H12O6, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P21/n.	c12h12o6	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
9309221-0	1997	The frozen solution structure of p21 ras determined by ESEEM spectroscopy reveals weak coordination of Thr35 to the active site metal ion.	Metals	128-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
9309221-2	1997	Hydrolysis of tightly bound GTP alters the conformation of p21, terminating the signal.	Guanosine Triphosphate	28-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	magnesium ion	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	magnesium ion	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	Guanosine Triphosphate	144-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	Guanosine Triphosphate	144-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	155-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	155-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	Guanosine Triphosphate	297-300	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	Guanosine Triphosphate	297-300	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
9309221-4	1997	However, previous electron spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) studies of selectively 2H beta-threonine and 15N-threonine labeled p21.Mn2+ GMPPNP suggest that Thr35 only weakly coordinates the metal ion in the growth-active GTP-bound state of p21.	15n-threonine	110-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
9199341-2	1997	Addition of estradiol relieves the cell cycle block created by tamoxifen treatment, leading to marked activation of cyclin E-cdk2 complexes and phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein within 6 h. Cyclin D1 levels increase significantly while the levels of cyclin E, cdk2, and the p21 and p27 cdk inhibitors are relatively constant.	Tamoxifen	63-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	286-289
9223188-0	1997	Calculation of pathways for the conformational transition between the GTP- and GDP-bound states of the Ha-ras-p21 protein: calculations with explicit solvent simulations and comparison with calculations in vacuum.	Guanosine Triphosphate	70-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
9223188-0	1997	Calculation of pathways for the conformational transition between the GTP- and GDP-bound states of the Ha-ras-p21 protein: calculations with explicit solvent simulations and comparison with calculations in vacuum.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
9223188-1	1997	The transitions between the water-equilibrated structures of the GTP and GDP forms of Ha-ras-p21 have been calculated by using the targeted molecular dynamics (TMD) method (Schlitter et al., Mol.	Water	28-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
9223188-1	1997	The transitions between the water-equilibrated structures of the GTP and GDP forms of Ha-ras-p21 have been calculated by using the targeted molecular dynamics (TMD) method (Schlitter et al., Mol.	Guanosine Triphosphate	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
9223188-1	1997	The transitions between the water-equilibrated structures of the GTP and GDP forms of Ha-ras-p21 have been calculated by using the targeted molecular dynamics (TMD) method (Schlitter et al., Mol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
9188453-9	1997	For example, the p21(ras).GTP loading, p44 MAPK activity, and induction of transcription factor c-fos all were inhibited by NAC and DPI as well as an antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or reduced glutathione (GSH).	Guanosine Triphosphate	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
11038767-2	1997	METHODS: p21 H-ras expression and H-ras codon 12 mutation was detected in the same paraffin embedded tissues of 171 cases of cervical carcinoma, 68 cases of SIL, and 29 cases of chronic cervicitis, by using immunohistochemical and PCR-RFLP techniques.	Paraffin	83-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
9812584-3	1997	Lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride and mixed rare-earth chloride at levels of 0.5 to 1.5 mmol/L could inhibit obviously growth of cancer cells and change cell morphology and microtubule structure of PAMC82, similar to that of normal cells, their colony-forming ability lowered in soft agar, and expression of tumor suppressor gene p53, p16 and p21 increased and that of gene nm23 lowered.	lanthanum chloride	0-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	345-348
9812584-3	1997	Lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride and mixed rare-earth chloride at levels of 0.5 to 1.5 mmol/L could inhibit obviously growth of cancer cells and change cell morphology and microtubule structure of PAMC82, similar to that of normal cells, their colony-forming ability lowered in soft agar, and expression of tumor suppressor gene p53, p16 and p21 increased and that of gene nm23 lowered.	Chlorides	10-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	345-348
9188453-1	1997	Previously, our laboratory reported that lactosylceramide (LacCer) stimulated human aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation via specific activation of p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the p21(ras)/Raf-1/MEK2 pathway and induced expression of the transcription factor c-fos downstream to the p44 MAPK signaling cascade (Bhunia A. K., Han, H., Snowden, A., and Chatterjee S. (1996) J. Biol.	CDw17 antigen	41-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
9188453-9	1997	For example, the p21(ras).GTP loading, p44 MAPK activity, and induction of transcription factor c-fos all were inhibited by NAC and DPI as well as an antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or reduced glutathione (GSH).	diphenyleneiodonium	132-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
9188453-1	1997	Previously, our laboratory reported that lactosylceramide (LacCer) stimulated human aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation via specific activation of p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the p21(ras)/Raf-1/MEK2 pathway and induced expression of the transcription factor c-fos downstream to the p44 MAPK signaling cascade (Bhunia A. K., Han, H., Snowden, A., and Chatterjee S. (1996) J. Biol.	CDw17 antigen	59-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
9188453-9	1997	For example, the p21(ras).GTP loading, p44 MAPK activity, and induction of transcription factor c-fos all were inhibited by NAC and DPI as well as an antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or reduced glutathione (GSH).	pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid	162-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
9188453-9	1997	For example, the p21(ras).GTP loading, p44 MAPK activity, and induction of transcription factor c-fos all were inhibited by NAC and DPI as well as an antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or reduced glutathione (GSH).	Glutathione	201-212	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
9188453-9	1997	For example, the p21(ras).GTP loading, p44 MAPK activity, and induction of transcription factor c-fos all were inhibited by NAC and DPI as well as an antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or reduced glutathione (GSH).	Glutathione	214-217	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
9102473-5	1997	To determine the role of the metal ion, the crystal structure of p21(G12P).	Metals	29-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
9208460-1	1997	Anthracene-1,8-dimethanol, C16H14O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P21/n.	anthracene-1,8-dimethanol	0-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
9208460-1	1997	Anthracene-1,8-dimethanol, C16H14O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P21/n.	c16h14o2	27-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
9112760-0	1997	Inhibition of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of ras p21 by aluminum ion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
9112760-0	1997	Inhibition of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of ras p21 by aluminum ion.	Guanosine Triphosphate	22-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
9112760-0	1997	Inhibition of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of ras p21 by aluminum ion.	Aluminum	58-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
9112760-1	1997	In an effort to understand the biochemical mechanisms of aluminum-induced neurotoxicity, we investigated the effects of aluminum ion, Al3+, on the Mg(2+)- and nucleotide-dependent protein, ras p21.	Aluminum	120-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
9112760-2	1997	Picomolar Al3+ concentrations inhibited the GTPase activity of ras p21 in an Mg(2+)-dependent manner, consistent with an Al3+/Mg2+ competition mechanism.	ALUMINUM ION	10-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
9112760-2	1997	Picomolar Al3+ concentrations inhibited the GTPase activity of ras p21 in an Mg(2+)-dependent manner, consistent with an Al3+/Mg2+ competition mechanism.	magnesium ion	77-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
9112760-2	1997	Picomolar Al3+ concentrations inhibited the GTPase activity of ras p21 in an Mg(2+)-dependent manner, consistent with an Al3+/Mg2+ competition mechanism.	ALUMINUM ION	121-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
9112760-2	1997	Picomolar Al3+ concentrations inhibited the GTPase activity of ras p21 in an Mg(2+)-dependent manner, consistent with an Al3+/Mg2+ competition mechanism.	magnesium ion	126-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
9112760-4	1997	Kinetic studies demonstrated that the mode of Al(3+)-induced inhibition of ras p21 GTPase activity changed from competitive to mixed non-competitive as the number of ras p21 turnovers increased.	ALUMINUM ION	46-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
9112760-4	1997	Kinetic studies demonstrated that the mode of Al(3+)-induced inhibition of ras p21 GTPase activity changed from competitive to mixed non-competitive as the number of ras p21 turnovers increased.	ALUMINUM ION	46-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
9112760-5	1997	Further dissection of the ras p21 cycle revealed that Mg(2+)-dependent GDP/GTP exchange was the Al(3+)-sensitive step.	magnesium ion	54-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
9112760-5	1997	Further dissection of the ras p21 cycle revealed that Mg(2+)-dependent GDP/GTP exchange was the Al(3+)-sensitive step.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
9112760-5	1997	Further dissection of the ras p21 cycle revealed that Mg(2+)-dependent GDP/GTP exchange was the Al(3+)-sensitive step.	Guanosine Triphosphate	75-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
9112760-5	1997	Further dissection of the ras p21 cycle revealed that Mg(2+)-dependent GDP/GTP exchange was the Al(3+)-sensitive step.	ALUMINUM ION	96-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
9331847-5	1997	In 34 patients who had tumors designated p53-/p21+ or p53+/p21+, CHPP reduced the percentage of patients who died from recurrence of cancer from 10/20 (50%) to 3/14 (21.4%, P = 0.184).	chpp	65-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
9331847-5	1997	In 34 patients who had tumors designated p53-/p21+ or p53+/p21+, CHPP reduced the percentage of patients who died from recurrence of cancer from 10/20 (50%) to 3/14 (21.4%, P = 0.184).	chpp	65-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
9331847-7	1997	In the case of patients who had p21-positive tumors, the 5-year survival rate of 11 patients who were treated with CHPP (72.7%) was higher than that of 17 patients who were not treated with CHPP (41.2%, p = 0.027).	chpp	115-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
9331847-8	1997	However, in the case of patients with p21-negative tumors, the 5-year survival rate of 10 patients who were treated with CHPP (50%) was not very different from that of 28 patients who were not treated with CHPP (42.9%, p = 0.308).	chpp	121-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
9331847-9	1997	CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the CHPP might be effective in preventing the recurrence of cancer in patients with p21-positive regardless of the expression of p53.	chpp	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
9194162-0	1997	Comparison of ras-p21 bound to GDP and GTP: differences in protein and ligand dynamics.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
9194162-0	1997	Comparison of ras-p21 bound to GDP and GTP: differences in protein and ligand dynamics.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
9194162-2	1997	Essential dynamics analysis of 300 ps of full solvent molecular dynamics simulations revealed differences in structure and dynamics between GDP- and GTP-bound forms of H-ras-p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
9054359-1	1997	NIH 3T3 fibroblasts stably transformed with a constitutively active isoform of p21(Ras), H-RasV12 (v-H-Ras or EJ-Ras), produced large amounts of the reactive oxygen species superoxide (.O2-).	Reactive Oxygen Species	149-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
9054359-1	1997	NIH 3T3 fibroblasts stably transformed with a constitutively active isoform of p21(Ras), H-RasV12 (v-H-Ras or EJ-Ras), produced large amounts of the reactive oxygen species superoxide (.O2-).	Superoxides	173-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
9054359-1	1997	NIH 3T3 fibroblasts stably transformed with a constitutively active isoform of p21(Ras), H-RasV12 (v-H-Ras or EJ-Ras), produced large amounts of the reactive oxygen species superoxide (.O2-).	Superoxides	186-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
9236898-2	1997	The ras family of genes consists of three functional genes which encode highly similar, guanine nucleotide-binding, proteins (p21) of 21kDa, with GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
9125526-0	1997	Conformational and dynamic differences between N-ras P21 bound to GTPgammaS and to GMPPNP as studied by NMR.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	83-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
9125526-1	1997	Heteronuclear-edited proton-detected NMR methods are used to study the nucleotide-dependent conformational changes between the GMPPNP form of human N-ras P21 as compared to GDP and GTPgammaS forms.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	127-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
9209430-4	1997	This chloroquine-induced change suggests that the increase in intracellular pH and the upregulation of p21 with subsequent downregulation of cdc2 kinase are triggers for basophilic differentiation of this cell line.	Chloroquine	5-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
9194162-2	1997	Essential dynamics analysis of 300 ps of full solvent molecular dynamics simulations revealed differences in structure and dynamics between GDP- and GTP-bound forms of H-ras-p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	149-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
9194162-4	1997	Differences in dynamics between H-ras-p21 GDP and H-ras-p21 GTP may be related to interactions of ras with GAP and its receptor and effector.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
9194162-4	1997	Differences in dynamics between H-ras-p21 GDP and H-ras-p21 GTP may be related to interactions of ras with GAP and its receptor and effector.	Guanosine Triphosphate	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
9016871-4	1997	In addition, T cells exposed to wild-type ligand in the presence of anti-CD4 antibodies show a pattern of TCR signaling resembling that seen using partial agonists, with predominant accumulation of the p21 tyrosine-phosphorylated form of TCR-zeta, reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of CD3epsilon, and no detectable phosphorylation of ZAP-70.	Tyrosine	206-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
9038193-7	1997	Activation of the A2A-adenosine receptor is associated with increased levels of GTP-bound p21(ras).	Guanosine Triphosphate	80-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
9020151-1	1997	Structural basis for the nitric oxide-p21(ras) interaction.	Nitric Oxide	25-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
9020151-2	1997	We have identified the site of molecular interaction between nitric oxide (NO) and p21(ras) responsible for initiation of signal transduction.	Nitric Oxide	61-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
9020151-5	1997	NO-related species stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange on wild-type p21(ras), resulting in an active form, but not on p21(ras)C118S.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
9020151-7	1997	These data indicate that Cys118 is a critical site of redox regulation of p21(ras), and S-nitrosylation of this residue triggers guanine nucleotide exchange and downstream signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
10325614-0	1997	[Effects of sterigmatocystin on ras p21 expression and ultrastructure of human lung fibroblasts in vitro].	Sterigmatocystin	12-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
10325614-1	1997	Effects of Sterigmatocystin (ST) on ras p21 expression and ultrastructure of human lung fibroblasts in vitro were studied with immunological flow cytometry and electron microscopy.	Sterigmatocystin	29-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
9016871-4	1997	In addition, T cells exposed to wild-type ligand in the presence of anti-CD4 antibodies show a pattern of TCR signaling resembling that seen using partial agonists, with predominant accumulation of the p21 tyrosine-phosphorylated form of TCR-zeta, reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of CD3epsilon, and no detectable phosphorylation of ZAP-70.	Tyrosine	256-264	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
8988173-5	1997	In a search for cellular factors that could activate p21 during phorbol ester (TPA)-induced differentiation, we identified AP2 as a regulator of p21 expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
9000576-2	1997	We show that despite p21 induction in 7 of 12 human cancer cell lines treated with PMA, growth inhibition was observed only in two cell lines (SKBr3 breast and LNCaP prostate cancer cells).	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	83-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
9000576-7	1997	Our findings suggest that induction of p21 and down-regulation of c-myc may be necessary steps in a PMA-induced growth-inhibitory pathway in cancer cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
9021406-5	1997	C27 also exhibited a much stronger response to a mutated p21 Ras whole-protein molecule-carrying Val at position 12, as compared with the wild-type protein.	Valine	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
9037749-1	1997	Anthracene-9-carboxylic acid, C15H10O2, was found to crystallize in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/n.	9-anthroic acid	0-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-105
9037749-1	1997	Anthracene-9-carboxylic acid, C15H10O2, was found to crystallize in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/n.	c15h10o2	30-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-105
8996528-1	1997	PURPOSE: DNA damage-inducible genes, such as gadd153, gadd45, p21 and c-jun, have previously been shown to be induced by the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin.	Cisplatin	148-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
8988173-5	1997	In a search for cellular factors that could activate p21 during phorbol ester (TPA)-induced differentiation, we identified AP2 as a regulator of p21 expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
8988173-5	1997	In a search for cellular factors that could activate p21 during phorbol ester (TPA)-induced differentiation, we identified AP2 as a regulator of p21 expression.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
8988173-5	1997	In a search for cellular factors that could activate p21 during phorbol ester (TPA)-induced differentiation, we identified AP2 as a regulator of p21 expression.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
8988173-6	1997	Mutagenesis of an AP2 DNA-binding site within a p21 promoter-luciferase reporter inhibited its activation by either AP2 transfection or TPA stimulation.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	136-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
9067995-3	1997	The amount of rho p21 in cells or tissues is determined by the in vitro ADP-ribosylation reaction with C3 exoenzyme and 32P NAD.	Adenosine Diphosphate	72-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
9067995-3	1997	The amount of rho p21 in cells or tissues is determined by the in vitro ADP-ribosylation reaction with C3 exoenzyme and 32P NAD.	32p nad	120-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
9067995-0	1997	[Analysis of the cellular functions of the small GTP-binding protein rho p21 with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme].	Guanosine Triphosphate	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
8939963-4	1996	Within 2 min of stimulation, we also observed increased tyrosine phosphorylation of SHC, activation of the guanidine nucleotide exchange activity on p21(ras), and an electrophoretic mobility shift of MAP kinase.	guanidine nucleotide	107-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
9015898-1	1996	4-(2-Naphthyl)butanoic acid, C14H14O2, crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/a.	4-(2-naphthyl)butanoic acid	0-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-92
9015898-1	1996	4-(2-Naphthyl)butanoic acid, C14H14O2, crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/a.	2,6-dimethoxybiphenyl	29-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-92
11666874-8	1996	[Pb(NO(3))(2)(EO6)] is monoclinic P2(1)/c, with a = 16.289(4) A, b = 10.773(4) A, c = 12.329(4) A, beta = 106.77(2) degrees, and Z = 4.	Lead	1-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-39
11666884-8	1996	Crystallographic data (-173 degrees C) for [P(t)()Bu(2)MeH][Ru(2)Cl(5)(CO)(2)(P(t)()Bu(2)Me)(2)]: a = 16.418(2)A, b = 12.578(2)A, c = 20.044(3)A, beta = 103.38(1) degrees with Z = 4 in space group P2(1)/a.	(2)meh	52-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	197-202
8972729-1	1996	Peptide specific polyclonal antibodies directed against C-termini of ras p21 related GTP-binding proteins, ralA and ralB, were generated.	Guanosine Triphosphate	85-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
8916907-7	1996	Further, the reduced GTPase reaction rate that characterizes the oncogenic effect of many of the p21 mutants found in human tumors seems to be a consequence of a slightly reduced pKa of the gamma-phosphate group of bound GTP.	Phosphates	196-205	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
8916907-7	1996	Further, the reduced GTPase reaction rate that characterizes the oncogenic effect of many of the p21 mutants found in human tumors seems to be a consequence of a slightly reduced pKa of the gamma-phosphate group of bound GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	21-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
8910345-1	1996	Activation of p21(ras) by GTP loading is a critical step in a cascade of intracellular insulin signaling.	Guanosine Triphosphate	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
11666844-0	1996	X-ray Crystallographic Study of the Ruthenium Blue Complexes [Ru(2)Cl(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).4H(2)O, [Ru(2)Br(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O, and [Ru(2)I(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2): Steric Interactions and the Ru-Ru "Bond Length" X-ray crystal structures are reported for the following complexes: [Ru(2)Cl(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).4H(2)O (tacn = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane), monoclinic P2(1)/n, Z = 4, a = 14.418(8) A, b = 11.577(3) A, c = 18.471(1) A, beta = 91.08(5) degrees, V = 3082 A(3), R(R(w)) = 0.039 (0.043) using 4067 unique data with I &gt; 2.5sigma(I) at 293 K; [Ru(2)Br(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O, monoclinic P2(1)/a, Z = 4, a = 13.638(4) A, b = 12.283(4) A, c = 18.679(6) A, beta = 109.19(2) degrees, V = 3069.5 A(3), R(R(w)) = 0.052 (0.054) using 3668 unique data with I &gt; 2.5sigma(I) at 293 K; [Ru(2)I(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2), cubic P2(1)/3, Z = 3, a = 14.03(4) A, beta = 90.0 degrees, V = 2763.1(1) A(3), R (R(w)) = 0.022 (0.025) using 896 unique data with I &gt; 2.5sigma(I) at 293 K. All of the cations have cofacial bioctahedral geometries, although [Ru(2)Cl(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).4H(2)O, [Ru(2)Br(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O, and [Ru(2)I(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2) are not isomorphous.	ruthenium blue	36-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	377-382
11666844-0	1996	X-ray Crystallographic Study of the Ruthenium Blue Complexes [Ru(2)Cl(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).4H(2)O, [Ru(2)Br(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O, and [Ru(2)I(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2): Steric Interactions and the Ru-Ru "Bond Length" X-ray crystal structures are reported for the following complexes: [Ru(2)Cl(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).4H(2)O (tacn = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane), monoclinic P2(1)/n, Z = 4, a = 14.418(8) A, b = 11.577(3) A, c = 18.471(1) A, beta = 91.08(5) degrees, V = 3082 A(3), R(R(w)) = 0.039 (0.043) using 4067 unique data with I &gt; 2.5sigma(I) at 293 K; [Ru(2)Br(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O, monoclinic P2(1)/a, Z = 4, a = 13.638(4) A, b = 12.283(4) A, c = 18.679(6) A, beta = 109.19(2) degrees, V = 3069.5 A(3), R(R(w)) = 0.052 (0.054) using 3668 unique data with I &gt; 2.5sigma(I) at 293 K; [Ru(2)I(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2), cubic P2(1)/3, Z = 3, a = 14.03(4) A, beta = 90.0 degrees, V = 2763.1(1) A(3), R (R(w)) = 0.022 (0.025) using 896 unique data with I &gt; 2.5sigma(I) at 293 K. All of the cations have cofacial bioctahedral geometries, although [Ru(2)Cl(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).4H(2)O, [Ru(2)Br(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O, and [Ru(2)I(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2) are not isomorphous.	ruthenium blue	36-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	616-621
11666844-0	1996	X-ray Crystallographic Study of the Ruthenium Blue Complexes [Ru(2)Cl(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).4H(2)O, [Ru(2)Br(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O, and [Ru(2)I(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2): Steric Interactions and the Ru-Ru "Bond Length" X-ray crystal structures are reported for the following complexes: [Ru(2)Cl(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).4H(2)O (tacn = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane), monoclinic P2(1)/n, Z = 4, a = 14.418(8) A, b = 11.577(3) A, c = 18.471(1) A, beta = 91.08(5) degrees, V = 3082 A(3), R(R(w)) = 0.039 (0.043) using 4067 unique data with I &gt; 2.5sigma(I) at 293 K; [Ru(2)Br(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O, monoclinic P2(1)/a, Z = 4, a = 13.638(4) A, b = 12.283(4) A, c = 18.679(6) A, beta = 109.19(2) degrees, V = 3069.5 A(3), R(R(w)) = 0.052 (0.054) using 3668 unique data with I &gt; 2.5sigma(I) at 293 K; [Ru(2)I(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2), cubic P2(1)/3, Z = 3, a = 14.03(4) A, beta = 90.0 degrees, V = 2763.1(1) A(3), R (R(w)) = 0.022 (0.025) using 896 unique data with I &gt; 2.5sigma(I) at 293 K. All of the cations have cofacial bioctahedral geometries, although [Ru(2)Cl(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).4H(2)O, [Ru(2)Br(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O, and [Ru(2)I(3)(tacn)(2)](PF(6))(2) are not isomorphous.	ruthenium blue	36-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	845-859
11666847-2	1996	[Cu(H(2)O)(tpa)](ClO(4))(2) (1) crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/a, with a = 15.029(7) A, b = 9.268(2) A, c = 17.948(5) A, beta = 113.80(3) degrees, and Z = 4 (R = 0.061, R(w) = 0.059).	tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine	11-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-88
11666847-2	1996	[Cu(H(2)O)(tpa)](ClO(4))(2) (1) crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/a, with a = 15.029(7) A, b = 9.268(2) A, c = 17.948(5) A, beta = 113.80(3) degrees, and Z = 4 (R = 0.061, R(w) = 0.059).	clo	17-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-88
11666847-4	1996	[CuCl(Me(2)tpa)]ClO(4) (3) crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/n, with a = 19.650(4) A, b = 13.528(4) A, c = 8.55(1) A, beta = 101.51(5) degrees, and Z = 4 (R = 0.071, R(w) = 0.050).	cuprous chloride	1-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
11666847-5	1996	[CuCl(Me(3)tpa)][CuCl(2)(Me(3)tpa)]ClO(4) (4) crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/a, with a = 15.698(6) A, b = 14.687(7) A, c = 19.475(4) A, beta = 97.13(2) degrees, and Z = 4 (R = 0.054, R(w) = 0.038).	cuprous chloride	1-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-102
11666847-5	1996	[CuCl(Me(3)tpa)][CuCl(2)(Me(3)tpa)]ClO(4) (4) crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/a, with a = 15.698(6) A, b = 14.687(7) A, c = 19.475(4) A, beta = 97.13(2) degrees, and Z = 4 (R = 0.054, R(w) = 0.038).	me(3)tpa	6-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-102
11666847-5	1996	[CuCl(Me(3)tpa)][CuCl(2)(Me(3)tpa)]ClO(4) (4) crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/a, with a = 15.698(6) A, b = 14.687(7) A, c = 19.475(4) A, beta = 97.13(2) degrees, and Z = 4 (R = 0.054, R(w) = 0.038).	cupric chloride	17-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-102
11666847-5	1996	[CuCl(Me(3)tpa)][CuCl(2)(Me(3)tpa)]ClO(4) (4) crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/a, with a = 15.698(6) A, b = 14.687(7) A, c = 19.475(4) A, beta = 97.13(2) degrees, and Z = 4 (R = 0.054, R(w) = 0.038).	me(3)tpa)	6-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-102
11666847-5	1996	[CuCl(Me(3)tpa)][CuCl(2)(Me(3)tpa)]ClO(4) (4) crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/a, with a = 15.698(6) A, b = 14.687(7) A, c = 19.475(4) A, beta = 97.13(2) degrees, and Z = 4 (R = 0.054, R(w) = 0.038).	clo	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-102
8910345-7	1996	Insulin challenge of 3T3-L1 adipocytes increased incorporation of tritiated mevalonic acid in p21(ras) in a dose-dependent manner and stimulated a 2-fold increase in phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of FTase at 5 min and a 4-fold increase at 60 min.	tritiated mevalonic acid	66-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
8960661-3	1996	He developed AML (M4) in February 1993 after long-term treatment with oral etoposide (total dose 14,650 mg) t(9; 11) (p21; q23) with rearrangement of MLL genes was recognized.	Etoposide	75-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
8887687-3	1996	p21(ras), a guanine nucleotide binding factor, mediates T-cell signal transduction through PKC-dependent and PKC-independent pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
8887687-4	1996	The involvement of p21(ras) in the regulation of calcium-dependent signals has been suggested through analysis of its role in the activation of NF-AT.	Calcium	49-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
8887687-5	1996	We have investigated the inductions of the IE genes in response to calcium signals in Jurkat cells (in the presence of activated p21(ras)) and their correlated consequences.	Calcium	67-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
8887687-6	1996	The expression of activated p21(ras) negatively regulated the induction of IE genes by calcium ionophore.	Calcium	87-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
8947526-5	1996	The proportion of cellular p21-ras bound to GTP (ras-GTP level) was determined using immunoprecipitation of 32P-labeled cell lysates followed by thin layer chromatography and phosphoimaging analysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
8947526-5	1996	The proportion of cellular p21-ras bound to GTP (ras-GTP level) was determined using immunoprecipitation of 32P-labeled cell lysates followed by thin layer chromatography and phosphoimaging analysis.	Radium	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
8947526-5	1996	The proportion of cellular p21-ras bound to GTP (ras-GTP level) was determined using immunoprecipitation of 32P-labeled cell lysates followed by thin layer chromatography and phosphoimaging analysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
8947526-5	1996	The proportion of cellular p21-ras bound to GTP (ras-GTP level) was determined using immunoprecipitation of 32P-labeled cell lysates followed by thin layer chromatography and phosphoimaging analysis.	Phosphorus-32	108-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
8810926-5	1996	By analysis of high-frequency EPR spectra, we determine the number of water molecules in the first coordination sphere of the manganous ion to be four in p21.Mn(II).GDP, consistent with prior low-frequency EPR and X-ray crystallographic studies.	Water	70-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
8810926-0	1996	High frequency (139.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance characterization of Mn(II)-H2(17)O interactions in GDP and GTP forms of p21 ras.	Manganese(2+)	79-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
8810926-5	1996	By analysis of high-frequency EPR spectra, we determine the number of water molecules in the first coordination sphere of the manganous ion to be four in p21.Mn(II).GDP, consistent with prior low-frequency EPR and X-ray crystallographic studies.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
8810926-0	1996	High frequency (139.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance characterization of Mn(II)-H2(17)O interactions in GDP and GTP forms of p21 ras.	Hydrogen	86-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
8810926-0	1996	High frequency (139.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance characterization of Mn(II)-H2(17)O interactions in GDP and GTP forms of p21 ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
8810926-0	1996	High frequency (139.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance characterization of Mn(II)-H2(17)O interactions in GDP and GTP forms of p21 ras.	Guanosine Triphosphate	118-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
8810926-1	1996	As a molecular switch, the ras protein p21 undergoes structural changes that couple recognition sites on the protein surface to the guanine nucleotide-divalent metal ion binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
8810926-1	1996	As a molecular switch, the ras protein p21 undergoes structural changes that couple recognition sites on the protein surface to the guanine nucleotide-divalent metal ion binding site.	Metals	160-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
8810926-2	1996	X-ray crystallographic studies of p21 suggest that coordination between threonine-35 and the divalent metal ion plays an important role in these conformational changes.	Threonine	72-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
8810926-6	1996	In the complex of p21 with a GTP analog, p21.Mn(II).GMPPNP, we determine the hydration number to be 2, also consistent with crystal structures.	Guanosine Triphosphate	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
8810926-2	1996	X-ray crystallographic studies of p21 suggest that coordination between threonine-35 and the divalent metal ion plays an important role in these conformational changes.	Metals	102-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
8810926-3	1996	Recent ESEEM studies of p21 in solution, however, place threonine-35 more distant from the metal and were interpreted as weak or indirect coordination of this residue.	Threonine	56-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
8810926-6	1996	In the complex of p21 with a GTP analog, p21.Mn(II).GMPPNP, we determine the hydration number to be 2, also consistent with crystal structures.	Guanosine Triphosphate	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
8810926-4	1996	We report high frequency (139.5 GHz) EPR spectroscopy of p21.Mn(II) complexes of two guanine nucleotides that probes the link between threonine-35 and the divalent metal ion.	Manganese(2+)	61-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
8810926-6	1996	In the complex of p21 with a GTP analog, p21.Mn(II).GMPPNP, we determine the hydration number to be 2, also consistent with crystal structures.	Manganese(2+)	45-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
8810926-4	1996	We report high frequency (139.5 GHz) EPR spectroscopy of p21.Mn(II) complexes of two guanine nucleotides that probes the link between threonine-35 and the divalent metal ion.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
8810926-4	1996	We report high frequency (139.5 GHz) EPR spectroscopy of p21.Mn(II) complexes of two guanine nucleotides that probes the link between threonine-35 and the divalent metal ion.	Threonine	134-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
8810926-6	1996	In the complex of p21 with a GTP analog, p21.Mn(II).GMPPNP, we determine the hydration number to be 2, also consistent with crystal structures.	Manganese(2+)	45-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
8810926-4	1996	We report high frequency (139.5 GHz) EPR spectroscopy of p21.Mn(II) complexes of two guanine nucleotides that probes the link between threonine-35 and the divalent metal ion.	Metals	164-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
8810926-6	1996	In the complex of p21 with a GTP analog, p21.Mn(II).GMPPNP, we determine the hydration number to be 2, also consistent with crystal structures.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	52-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
8810926-6	1996	In the complex of p21 with a GTP analog, p21.Mn(II).GMPPNP, we determine the hydration number to be 2, also consistent with crystal structures.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	52-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
8810926-7	1996	This result rules out indirect coordination of threonine-35 in the solution structure of p21.Mn(II).GMPPNP, and implicates direct, weak coordination of this residue as suggested by Halkides et al.	Threonine	47-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
8810926-7	1996	This result rules out indirect coordination of threonine-35 in the solution structure of p21.Mn(II).GMPPNP, and implicates direct, weak coordination of this residue as suggested by Halkides et al.	Manganese(2+)	93-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
8810926-7	1996	This result rules out indirect coordination of threonine-35 in the solution structure of p21.Mn(II).GMPPNP, and implicates direct, weak coordination of this residue as suggested by Halkides et al.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	100-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
8810927-0	1996	High frequency (139.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the GTP form of p21 ras with selective 17O labeling of threonine.	Guanosine Triphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
8810927-0	1996	High frequency (139.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the GTP form of p21 ras with selective 17O labeling of threonine.	17o	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
8810927-0	1996	High frequency (139.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the GTP form of p21 ras with selective 17O labeling of threonine.	Threonine	130-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
8810927-1	1996	Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy at 139.5 GHz has been used to study p21 ras complexed with Mn(II) and guanosine 5"-(beta, gamma-imidotriphosphate), an analog of GTP.	Manganese(2+)	104-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
8810927-1	1996	Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy at 139.5 GHz has been used to study p21 ras complexed with Mn(II) and guanosine 5"-(beta, gamma-imidotriphosphate), an analog of GTP.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	115-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
8810927-1	1996	Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy at 139.5 GHz has been used to study p21 ras complexed with Mn(II) and guanosine 5"-(beta, gamma-imidotriphosphate), an analog of GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	174-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
8810927-2	1996	The p21 sample studied was selectively labeled with [17O gamma]threonine to a final enrichment of 30%.	[17o gamma]threonine	52-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
8810927-6	1996	This contrast underscores the peculiar weakness of this Mn(II)-O interaction in p21 and persuasively argues that the nucleotide-induced conformational change, which is known to encompass the region of p21 involving Thr35, is not driven by Mn(II) coordination of the Thr35 hydroxyl group.	Manganese(2+)	56-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
8810927-6	1996	This contrast underscores the peculiar weakness of this Mn(II)-O interaction in p21 and persuasively argues that the nucleotide-induced conformational change, which is known to encompass the region of p21 involving Thr35, is not driven by Mn(II) coordination of the Thr35 hydroxyl group.	Manganese(2+)	56-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
8810927-6	1996	This contrast underscores the peculiar weakness of this Mn(II)-O interaction in p21 and persuasively argues that the nucleotide-induced conformational change, which is known to encompass the region of p21 involving Thr35, is not driven by Mn(II) coordination of the Thr35 hydroxyl group.	Manganese(2+)	239-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
8661432-2	1996	Nucleotide substitutions introduced into the -3 and +4 positions of the p21 AUG codon (where the A of the AUG is +1) verified that purines in these positions are favored and demonstrated the similar contribution of the -3 and +4 positions to the efficiency of initiation codon selection in plants.	Purines	131-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
8764406-1	1996	The fold of the von Willebrand Factor type A domain (vWF-A) was predicted to be similar to an alpha/beta doubly wound fold in the GTP-binding domain of ras-p21, despite the lack of sequence or functional similarity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	130-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
11666630-6	1996	Light yellow polyhedrons of the title compound crystallize from the aqueous solvent of acetonitrile and aqueous solution as the formula of alpha-H(4)SiW(12)O(40).4HMPA.2H(2)O in the monoclinic, space group P2(1).	acetonitrile	87-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-211
11666630-6	1996	Light yellow polyhedrons of the title compound crystallize from the aqueous solvent of acetonitrile and aqueous solution as the formula of alpha-H(4)SiW(12)O(40).4HMPA.2H(2)O in the monoclinic, space group P2(1).	alpha-h	139-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-211
11666630-6	1996	Light yellow polyhedrons of the title compound crystallize from the aqueous solvent of acetonitrile and aqueous solution as the formula of alpha-H(4)SiW(12)O(40).4HMPA.2H(2)O in the monoclinic, space group P2(1).	4hmpa	162-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-211
11666630-6	1996	Light yellow polyhedrons of the title compound crystallize from the aqueous solvent of acetonitrile and aqueous solution as the formula of alpha-H(4)SiW(12)O(40).4HMPA.2H(2)O in the monoclinic, space group P2(1).	2h(2)o	168-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	206-211
8702787-4	1996	As with the small GTP-binding protein Ha-Ras p21 and with EF-Tu, nucleotide binding occurs in at least two steps and is describable in terms of a relatively weak initial interaction followed by a highly irreversible isomerization of the protein-nucleotide complex, which results in a change in the fluorescence properties.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
8702787-9	1996	The results demonstrate a high degree of mechanistic similarity between the Rab proteins and other GTP-binding proteins, which have been examined in detail, including Ha-Ras p21, Ran, and EF-Tu.	Guanosine Triphosphate	99-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
8702674-3	1996	We have demonstrated that NOx-induced activation of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein p21(ras) leads to nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFkappaB.	nicotine 1-N-oxide	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
8663295-1	1996	Desensitization of p21(ras) after stimulation of cells by growth factors and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) correlates with hyperphosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son-of-sevenless (Sos) and its dissociation from the adaptor protein Grb2 (Cherniack, A., Klarlund, J. K., Conway, B. R., and Czech, M. P. (1995) J. Biol.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	77-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
8663295-1	1996	Desensitization of p21(ras) after stimulation of cells by growth factors and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) correlates with hyperphosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son-of-sevenless (Sos) and its dissociation from the adaptor protein Grb2 (Cherniack, A., Klarlund, J. K., Conway, B. R., and Czech, M. P. (1995) J. Biol.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
8663295-1	1996	Desensitization of p21(ras) after stimulation of cells by growth factors and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) correlates with hyperphosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son-of-sevenless (Sos) and its dissociation from the adaptor protein Grb2 (Cherniack, A., Klarlund, J. K., Conway, B. R., and Czech, M. P. (1995) J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
8668337-5	1996	Furthermore, when levels of activated p21 ras were decreased in astrocytoma cells expressing the ras inhibitory Asn-17 dominant-negative mutant, levels of neurofibromin expression decreased.	asn-17	112-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
8687373-9	1996	Newly identified vitamin D-dependent target genes include those for Ca2+/Mg(2+)-ATPase in the intestine and p21 in the myelomonocytic U937 cell line.	Vitamin D	17-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
8832375-1	1996	rap-1A is a membrane-bound G-protein in the ras superfamily that, like the ras-p21 protein, is activated by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
8832375-9	1996	In addition, we have found that ras-p21 and rap-M proteins are superimposable in the region 96-110 except at Asp 105.	Aspartic Acid	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	36-39
8832375-1	1996	rap-1A is a membrane-bound G-protein in the ras superfamily that, like the ras-p21 protein, is activated by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
8608802-1	1996	The role of rho proteins, which are ras p21-related small GTP-binding proteins, in megakaryocyte endomitosis was examined using a botulinum C3 exoenzyme (C3), a rho inactivating enzyme.	Guanosine Triphosphate	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
8740369-1	1996	BACKGROUND: p21ras is one of the GTP-binding proteins that act as intercellular molecular switches.	Guanosine Triphosphate	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
11666422-10	1996	In Cu(2)(HL-H)(NCS)(3)OH.2H(2)O.3CH(3)OH.Et(2)O, 5 (a = 18.322(5) A, b = 15.543(6) A, c = 19.428(7) A, beta = 102.78(3) degrees, Z = 4, monoclinic, P2(1)/c), the hydroxide ion does not coordinate.	Deuterium	25-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-155
9206209-2	1996	Elevated PDGF-beta chain and P21 protein levels were found in hepatocytes in the early stages after DENA administration.	Diethylnitrosamine	100-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
8735493-5	1996	Radiation-induced phosphorylation of RPA p34 is nearly absent in non-cycling cells, while the expression of p21cipl/wafl/sdil remains inducible.	sdil	121-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
8649838-7	1996	Microinjection of rho GDP dissociation inhibitor or Clostridium botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 which is known to impair the function of a small GTP-binding protein, rho p21, inhibited the stress fiber formation by CCK-8 as well as by PDGF.	Guanosine Triphosphate	149-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
8566748-0	1996	Transcriptional activation of the Cdk inhibitor p21 by vitamin D3 leads to the induced differentiation of the myelomonocytic cell line U937.	Cholecalciferol	55-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
8566748-5	1996	Furthermore, we show that p21 is transcriptionally induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in a VDR-dependent, but not p53-dependent, manner, and we identify a functional vitamin D response element in the p21 promoter.	Calcitriol	62-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
8615653-0	1996	Regulation of TNF-alpha and IL-1 gene expression during TPA-induced differentiation of "Malignant histiocytosis" DEL cell line t(5;6) (q35:p21).	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	56-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
8642043-6	1996	7-Hydroxycoumarin decreased the relative amount of intracellular p21ras, and concomitantly a PMA-induced decrease of p21ras GTPase activity could be partially antagonized by 7-hydroxycoumarin.	7-hydroxycoumarin	0-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
8642043-6	1996	7-Hydroxycoumarin decreased the relative amount of intracellular p21ras, and concomitantly a PMA-induced decrease of p21ras GTPase activity could be partially antagonized by 7-hydroxycoumarin.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
8642043-6	1996	7-Hydroxycoumarin decreased the relative amount of intracellular p21ras, and concomitantly a PMA-induced decrease of p21ras GTPase activity could be partially antagonized by 7-hydroxycoumarin.	7-hydroxycoumarin	174-191	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
8631299-0	1996	The heterotrimeric G q protein-coupled angiotensin II receptor activates p21 ras via the tyrosine kinase-Shc-Grb2-Sos pathway in cardiac myocytes.	sulfur monoxide	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
8631299-5	1996	The p21 ras activation by Ang II is mediated by an increase in the guanine nucleotide exchange activity, but not by an inhibition of the GTPase-activating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
8631299-6	1996	Ang II causes rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc and its association with Grb2 and mSos-1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of p21 ras.	Tyrosine	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
8566748-5	1996	Furthermore, we show that p21 is transcriptionally induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in a VDR-dependent, but not p53-dependent, manner, and we identify a functional vitamin D response element in the p21 promoter.	Vitamin D	76-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
8566748-5	1996	Furthermore, we show that p21 is transcriptionally induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in a VDR-dependent, but not p53-dependent, manner, and we identify a functional vitamin D response element in the p21 promoter.	Vitamin D	76-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
8713572-4	1996	HMBA induces an increase in the level of p21 which inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase activity and, in turn, may cause cells to arrest in G1.	hexamethylene bisacetamide	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	258-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	258-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	258-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
8838585-5	1996	We have constructed the three-dimensional structure of rap-1A bound to GTP by using the energy-minimized three-dimensional structure of ras-p21 as the basis for the modeling using a stepwise procedure in which identical and homologous amino acid residues in rap-1A are assumed to adopt the same conformation as the corresponding residues in p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
8838585-5	1996	We have constructed the three-dimensional structure of rap-1A bound to GTP by using the energy-minimized three-dimensional structure of ras-p21 as the basis for the modeling using a stepwise procedure in which identical and homologous amino acid residues in rap-1A are assumed to adopt the same conformation as the corresponding residues in p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	341-344
8590632-5	1995	Although increases in wild type p53 protein in ML-1 cells resulted in increases in a p53 target gene, p21cipl/wafl/sdil, this effect was not observed in Raji cells which express a mutant p53 protein.	sdil	115-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
8983024-6	1996	Analysis of the binding and dissociation of GTP and GDP to normal and mutated p21 expressed in Escherichia coli showed that [V12D28]p21 and [D28]p21 do not bind GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
8983024-6	1996	Analysis of the binding and dissociation of GTP and GDP to normal and mutated p21 expressed in Escherichia coli showed that [V12D28]p21 and [D28]p21 do not bind GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
8747433-0	1995	Structural effects of the binding of GTP to the wild-type and oncogenic forms of the ras-gene-encoded p21 proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
8747433-1	1995	Molecular dynamics calculations have been performed to determine the average structures of ras-gene-encoded p21 proteins bound to GTP, i.e., the normal (wild-type) protein and two oncogenic forms of this protein, the Val 12- and Leu 61-p21 proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	130-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
8747433-1	1995	Molecular dynamics calculations have been performed to determine the average structures of ras-gene-encoded p21 proteins bound to GTP, i.e., the normal (wild-type) protein and two oncogenic forms of this protein, the Val 12- and Leu 61-p21 proteins.	Valine	217-220	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
8747433-1	1995	Molecular dynamics calculations have been performed to determine the average structures of ras-gene-encoded p21 proteins bound to GTP, i.e., the normal (wild-type) protein and two oncogenic forms of this protein, the Val 12- and Leu 61-p21 proteins.	Leucine	229-232	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
8747433-9	1995	However, they still differ in structure at specific amino acid residues rather than in whole regions, in contradistinction to the results found for the p21-GDP complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
8607982-5	1995	Other aspects of Ras p21 regulation will be discussed, including the existence of RasGDl proteins that inhibit GDP dissociation from Ras, and may thus regulate the level of active Ras in the cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
7479845-2	1995	This effect is mediated by increased phosphorylation of JNK in the presence of wild-type and oncogenic (Val-12) p21 protein in a dose-dependent manner.	val-12	104-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
8583229-4	1995	Treatment with NGF increased the amount of GTP bound p21ras 3-fold, within 20 min exposure.	Guanosine Triphosphate	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
7547978-2	1995	Formation of a complex with nucleotide-free H-ras p21 could be analyzed on native gel electrophoresis by combining C-CDC25Mm and p21.GDP, as the result of the fast separation of GDP from p21.	c-cdc25mm	115-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
7547978-2	1995	Formation of a complex with nucleotide-free H-ras p21 could be analyzed on native gel electrophoresis by combining C-CDC25Mm and p21.GDP, as the result of the fast separation of GDP from p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
7547978-2	1995	Formation of a complex with nucleotide-free H-ras p21 could be analyzed on native gel electrophoresis by combining C-CDC25Mm and p21.GDP, as the result of the fast separation of GDP from p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
7547978-3	1995	Therefore, in order to obtain highly purified heterodimer in preparative amounts, p21.GDP and C-CDC25Mm were exposed to an electric field and the complex purified by anionic chromatography.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
7547978-4	1995	The rate of the C-CDC25Mm-mediated nucleotide exchange on p21 depended on the nature of the bound nucleotide (6 times faster for p21.GDP than p21.GTP) but was uninfluenced by the nature of the free nucleotide acting as second substrate.	Guanosine Triphosphate	146-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
7547978-8	1995	The "on-rate" of the nucleotide on the p21.C-CDC25Mm complex was similar for GDP and GTP and was little increased vs that on p21 alone.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
7547978-8	1995	The "on-rate" of the nucleotide on the p21.C-CDC25Mm complex was similar for GDP and GTP and was little increased vs that on p21 alone.	Guanosine Triphosphate	85-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
7547942-0	1995	Molecular dynamics simulation of the solution structures of Ha-ras-p21 GDP and GTP complexes: flexibility, possible hinges, and levers of the conformational transition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
7547942-0	1995	Molecular dynamics simulation of the solution structures of Ha-ras-p21 GDP and GTP complexes: flexibility, possible hinges, and levers of the conformational transition.	Guanosine Triphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
7547942-1	1995	Unconstrained molecular dynamics simulations of the GDP and GTP complexes of Ha-ras p21 protein are performed in aqueous environment for 500 ps, using the GROMOS force field.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
7547942-1	1995	Unconstrained molecular dynamics simulations of the GDP and GTP complexes of Ha-ras p21 protein are performed in aqueous environment for 500 ps, using the GROMOS force field.	Guanosine Triphosphate	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
7677742-2	1995	Both H7 (serine/threonine kinase inhibitor) and staurosporine (protein kinase C inhibitor) were able to induce p21 protein in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Staurosporine	48-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
7673152-7	1995	Finally, using recombinant p21ras in vitro, we found that redox modulators directly promoted guanine nucleotide exchange on p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
7656216-9	1995	Since the activity of p21(ras) is thought to be involved in pathways of T cell activation, we set out to determine whether down-regulation of ras expression in T cells could be the mechanism by which T cell proliferation was inhibited in GSH-depleted T lymphocytes.	Glutathione	238-241	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
7595467-3	1995	The complex [Cu(Cx)2].2H2O crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/c.	bis(cinoxacinate)copper(II)	13-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
7595467-3	1995	The complex [Cu(Cx)2].2H2O crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/c.	2h2o	22-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-83
7663644-0	1995	Measurement of ras p21 in urine of people occupationally exposed to chromium compounds.	Chromium Compounds	68-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
8593186-0	1995	Comparison of the computed three-dimensional structures of oncogenic forms (bound to GDP) of the ras-gene-encoded p21 protein with the structure of the normal (non-transforming) wild-type protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
8593186-3	1995	To determine the effects of these substitutions on the three-dimensional structure of the whole p21 protein, we have performed molecular dynamics calculations on each of these three proteins bound to GDP and magnesium ion to compute the average structures of each of the three forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
8593186-3	1995	To determine the effects of these substitutions on the three-dimensional structure of the whole p21 protein, we have performed molecular dynamics calculations on each of these three proteins bound to GDP and magnesium ion to compute the average structures of each of the three forms.	Magnesium	208-217	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
7880841-0	1995	Mutagenesis of the H-ras p21 at glycine-60 residue disrupts GTP-induced conformational change.	Glycine	32-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
7565497-5	1995	Reminiscent of previous findings obtained in C40 offspring at P11 (35), P21 C40 offspring exhibited a slightly reduced sensitivity to haloperidol relative to LC controls both in terms of DA ratios in the NAc as well as plasma prolactin levels.	Haloperidol	134-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
7565497-5	1995	Reminiscent of previous findings obtained in C40 offspring at P11 (35), P21 C40 offspring exhibited a slightly reduced sensitivity to haloperidol relative to LC controls both in terms of DA ratios in the NAc as well as plasma prolactin levels.	Dopamine	187-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
7494090-2	1995	FTase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) to cysteine 185/186 at the carboxyl terminal end of ras proteins (ras p21), a reaction essential for the localization of ras p21 to the plasma membrane for their cellular functions including cell transformation in case of oncogenic ras p21.	farnesyl pyrophosphate	54-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
7494090-2	1995	FTase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) to cysteine 185/186 at the carboxyl terminal end of ras proteins (ras p21), a reaction essential for the localization of ras p21 to the plasma membrane for their cellular functions including cell transformation in case of oncogenic ras p21.	farnesyl pyrophosphate	54-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
7494090-2	1995	FTase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) to cysteine 185/186 at the carboxyl terminal end of ras proteins (ras p21), a reaction essential for the localization of ras p21 to the plasma membrane for their cellular functions including cell transformation in case of oncogenic ras p21.	farnesyl pyrophosphate	54-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
7494090-2	1995	FTase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) to cysteine 185/186 at the carboxyl terminal end of ras proteins (ras p21), a reaction essential for the localization of ras p21 to the plasma membrane for their cellular functions including cell transformation in case of oncogenic ras p21.	farnesyl pyrophosphate	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
7494090-2	1995	FTase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) to cysteine 185/186 at the carboxyl terminal end of ras proteins (ras p21), a reaction essential for the localization of ras p21 to the plasma membrane for their cellular functions including cell transformation in case of oncogenic ras p21.	farnesyl pyrophosphate	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
7494090-2	1995	FTase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) to cysteine 185/186 at the carboxyl terminal end of ras proteins (ras p21), a reaction essential for the localization of ras p21 to the plasma membrane for their cellular functions including cell transformation in case of oncogenic ras p21.	farnesyl pyrophosphate	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
7494090-2	1995	FTase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) to cysteine 185/186 at the carboxyl terminal end of ras proteins (ras p21), a reaction essential for the localization of ras p21 to the plasma membrane for their cellular functions including cell transformation in case of oncogenic ras p21.	Cysteine	85-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
7494090-2	1995	FTase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) to cysteine 185/186 at the carboxyl terminal end of ras proteins (ras p21), a reaction essential for the localization of ras p21 to the plasma membrane for their cellular functions including cell transformation in case of oncogenic ras p21.	Cysteine	85-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
7494090-2	1995	FTase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl group from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) to cysteine 185/186 at the carboxyl terminal end of ras proteins (ras p21), a reaction essential for the localization of ras p21 to the plasma membrane for their cellular functions including cell transformation in case of oncogenic ras p21.	Cysteine	85-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
7494090-5	1995	The radioactivity associated with ras p21 bound to the phosphocellulose paper was determined by scintillation counting after soaking the paper in trichloroacetic acid and washing with distilled water.	phosphocellulose	55-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
7494090-5	1995	The radioactivity associated with ras p21 bound to the phosphocellulose paper was determined by scintillation counting after soaking the paper in trichloroacetic acid and washing with distilled water.	Trichloroacetic Acid	146-166	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
7494090-5	1995	The radioactivity associated with ras p21 bound to the phosphocellulose paper was determined by scintillation counting after soaking the paper in trichloroacetic acid and washing with distilled water.	Water	194-199	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
7494090-6	1995	Utilizing [3H]FPP and recombinant Ha-ras p21 as substrates in the reaction, the FTase followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Km values of 1.0 and 7.69 microM for respectively [3H]FPP and recombinant Ha-ras p21.	Tritium	11-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
7494090-6	1995	Utilizing [3H]FPP and recombinant Ha-ras p21 as substrates in the reaction, the FTase followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Km values of 1.0 and 7.69 microM for respectively [3H]FPP and recombinant Ha-ras p21.	Tritium	11-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
7494090-6	1995	Utilizing [3H]FPP and recombinant Ha-ras p21 as substrates in the reaction, the FTase followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Km values of 1.0 and 7.69 microM for respectively [3H]FPP and recombinant Ha-ras p21.	Tritium	177-179	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
7494090-6	1995	Utilizing [3H]FPP and recombinant Ha-ras p21 as substrates in the reaction, the FTase followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Km values of 1.0 and 7.69 microM for respectively [3H]FPP and recombinant Ha-ras p21.	Tritium	177-179	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	207-210
7738010-1	1995	Cdc42Hs and Rac1 are members of the Ras superfamily of small molecular weight (p21) GTP binding proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
7730301-0	1995	Switching nucleotide specificity of Ha-Ras p21 by a single amino acid substitution at aspartate 119.	Aspartic Acid	86-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
7647555-1	1995	The relaxation rates of the multiple-quantum coherence for the amide hydrogen of Gly13 in ras p21.GDP were determined in the presence and absence of 17O labeling in the beta-phosphate of GDP.	Amides	63-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
7647555-1	1995	The relaxation rates of the multiple-quantum coherence for the amide hydrogen of Gly13 in ras p21.GDP were determined in the presence and absence of 17O labeling in the beta-phosphate of GDP.	Hydrogen	69-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
7647555-1	1995	The relaxation rates of the multiple-quantum coherence for the amide hydrogen of Gly13 in ras p21.GDP were determined in the presence and absence of 17O labeling in the beta-phosphate of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
7733887-0	1995	Mutation-deletion analysis of a Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid binding (CaLB) domain within p120 GAP, a GTPase-activating protein for p21 ras.	Phospholipids	49-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
7706235-2	1995	Here, we report that nitric oxide (NO) activates p21ras in human T cells as evidenced by an increase in GTP-bound p21ras.	Nitric Oxide	21-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
7706235-2	1995	Here, we report that nitric oxide (NO) activates p21ras in human T cells as evidenced by an increase in GTP-bound p21ras.	Guanosine Triphosphate	104-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
7706235-8	1995	These studies identify p21ras as a target of NO in T cells and suggest that NO activates p21ras by an action which mimics that of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
7880841-0	1995	Mutagenesis of the H-ras p21 at glycine-60 residue disrupts GTP-induced conformational change.	Guanosine Triphosphate	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
7762999-8	1995	Thus, farnesylation of G proteins and ras oncoprotein P21 underscores the importance of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in cell growth and carcinogenesis.	Cholesterol	92-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
7898933-1	1995	Association of the p21ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor mSOS with tyrosine-phosphorylated Shc has been implicated in the activation of p21ras.	Tyrosine	71-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
18475641-6	1995	When the in vitro results are transferred to live animals using the same inducing agents and pathway inhibitors, it is found that theophylline (Ca(2+)/CaM inhibitor) and anti-p21(ras) are the most potent suppressors of the IFN-gamma- and 5-azaC-induced side effects during pregnancy.	Azacitidine	238-244	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	175-178
7728775-0	1995	CD8+ T cells from a patient with colon carcinoma, specific for a mutant p21-Ras-derived peptide (Gly13--&gt;Asp), are cytotoxic towards a carcinoma cell line harbouring the same mutation.	Aspartic Acid	108-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
7576949-0	1995	Effect of retinoic acid on p21ras and regulators of its activity in neuroblastoma.	Tretinoin	10-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
7576949-3	1995	Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the role of p21ras and regulators of its activity in the differentiation of neuroblastoma cells induced by retinoic acid (RA).	Tretinoin	162-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
7576949-3	1995	Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the role of p21ras and regulators of its activity in the differentiation of neuroblastoma cells induced by retinoic acid (RA).	Tretinoin	177-179	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
7762999-11	1995	The activation of p21 would then be aided by continuous farnesylation due to stimulation of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in tumors.	Cholesterol	96-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
7819254-0	1995	Substrate and product structural requirements for binding of nucleotides to H-ras p21: the mechanism of discrimination between guanosine and adenosine nucleotides.	Guanosine	127-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
7819254-0	1995	Substrate and product structural requirements for binding of nucleotides to H-ras p21: the mechanism of discrimination between guanosine and adenosine nucleotides.	adenosine nucleotides	141-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
7851434-3	1995	The highly purified (greater than 95%) stable fusion protein, obtained by affinity chromatography, was very active in enhancing the dissociation rate or the GDP/GTP exchange of the GDP complex of Ras2p or human H-ras p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	161-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
7851434-3	1995	The highly purified (greater than 95%) stable fusion protein, obtained by affinity chromatography, was very active in enhancing the dissociation rate or the GDP/GTP exchange of the GDP complex of Ras2p or human H-ras p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
7851434-10	1995	On gel filtration, truncated Sdc25p-C and nucleotide-free Ras2p (or p21) formed a stable 1:1 stoichiometric complex that was dissociated by increasing concentrations of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
7971997-7	1994	Deletion analysis of p21 indicated that the sequences essential for inhibition of RSV LTR function include the previously identified ARg/Ser-rich region and zinc finger-like motif.	Arginine	133-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
7799925-4	1995	By using the yeast two-hybrid system, we identified p62, a tyrosine-phosphorylated protein that associates with p21ras GTPase-activating protein, as a src family kinase SH3-domain-binding protein.	Tyrosine	59-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	112-115
7819095-0	1994	Haemoglobin inhibits GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-exchange activities of a low M(r) GTP-binding protein, ras p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	21-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
7819095-0	1994	Haemoglobin inhibits GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-exchange activities of a low M(r) GTP-binding protein, ras p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
7819095-0	1994	Haemoglobin inhibits GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-exchange activities of a low M(r) GTP-binding protein, ras p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
7819095-0	1994	Haemoglobin inhibits GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-exchange activities of a low M(r) GTP-binding protein, ras p21.	(r) gtp	78-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
7819095-1	1994	Haemoglobin was observed to inhibit the GDP/GTP-exchange activity of ras protein (ras p21) by measurement of [3H]GDP-dissociation activity in time- and dose-dependent manners.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
7819095-1	1994	Haemoglobin was observed to inhibit the GDP/GTP-exchange activity of ras protein (ras p21) by measurement of [3H]GDP-dissociation activity in time- and dose-dependent manners.	Guanosine Triphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
7819095-1	1994	Haemoglobin was observed to inhibit the GDP/GTP-exchange activity of ras protein (ras p21) by measurement of [3H]GDP-dissociation activity in time- and dose-dependent manners.	Tritium	110-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
7819095-2	1994	Haemoglobin also inhibited the [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activity of ras p21 time- and dose-dependently.	Phosphorus-32	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
7819095-2	1994	Haemoglobin also inhibited the [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activity of ras p21 time- and dose-dependently.	Guanosine Triphosphate	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
7819095-4	1994	Globin showed limited inhibition on the [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activity of ras p21, and haemin had no effect, indicating that the ternary tetrameric structure of haemoglobin is essential for the inhibitory effects on ras p21 activities.	Phosphorus-32	41-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
7819095-4	1994	Globin showed limited inhibition on the [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activity of ras p21, and haemin had no effect, indicating that the ternary tetrameric structure of haemoglobin is essential for the inhibitory effects on ras p21 activities.	Guanosine Triphosphate	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
7819095-5	1994	Methaemoglobin also inhibited both [3H]GDP-dissociation and [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activities of ras p21 in a very similar manner to that by haemoglobin.	Tritium	36-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
7819095-5	1994	Methaemoglobin also inhibited both [3H]GDP-dissociation and [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activities of ras p21 in a very similar manner to that by haemoglobin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
7819095-5	1994	Methaemoglobin also inhibited both [3H]GDP-dissociation and [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activities of ras p21 in a very similar manner to that by haemoglobin.	Phosphorus-32	61-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
7819095-5	1994	Methaemoglobin also inhibited both [3H]GDP-dissociation and [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activities of ras p21 in a very similar manner to that by haemoglobin.	Guanosine Triphosphate	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
7819095-6	1994	The obtained results strongly suggest that haemoglobin suppresses the physiological function(s) of ras p21 in vivo inhibiting both [32P]GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-dissociation of ras p21 in erythrocytes.	Phosphorus-32	132-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
7819095-6	1994	The obtained results strongly suggest that haemoglobin suppresses the physiological function(s) of ras p21 in vivo inhibiting both [32P]GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-dissociation of ras p21 in erythrocytes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	136-139	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
7819095-6	1994	The obtained results strongly suggest that haemoglobin suppresses the physiological function(s) of ras p21 in vivo inhibiting both [32P]GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-dissociation of ras p21 in erythrocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
7819095-6	1994	The obtained results strongly suggest that haemoglobin suppresses the physiological function(s) of ras p21 in vivo inhibiting both [32P]GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-dissociation of ras p21 in erythrocytes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	159-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
7819095-6	1994	The obtained results strongly suggest that haemoglobin suppresses the physiological function(s) of ras p21 in vivo inhibiting both [32P]GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-dissociation of ras p21 in erythrocytes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	159-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
7960106-10	1994	Introduction of ras p21 into digitonin-permeabilized PMNs was without effect on subsequent Luk-PV stimulation.	Digitonin	29-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
7802640-6	1994	Therefore, we investigated the role of p21 in cAMP metabolism and PLC activity.	Cyclic AMP	46-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
7802640-7	1994	We demonstrated that after p21 reached maximal level of expression, cAMP synthesis was reduced to 45% of the control.	Cyclic AMP	68-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
7881906-7	1994	The presence of sulphate ions in the crystals and comparisons with the related Ha-ras-p21 oncogene product are used to infer the ATP-binding site, corroborated by the difference electron density for the ATP analogue AMP-PNP.	Sulfates	16-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
7881906-7	1994	The presence of sulphate ions in the crystals and comparisons with the related Ha-ras-p21 oncogene product are used to infer the ATP-binding site, corroborated by the difference electron density for the ATP analogue AMP-PNP.	Adenosine Triphosphate	129-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
7881906-7	1994	The presence of sulphate ions in the crystals and comparisons with the related Ha-ras-p21 oncogene product are used to infer the ATP-binding site, corroborated by the difference electron density for the ATP analogue AMP-PNP.	Adenosine Triphosphate	203-206	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
7881906-7	1994	The presence of sulphate ions in the crystals and comparisons with the related Ha-ras-p21 oncogene product are used to infer the ATP-binding site, corroborated by the difference electron density for the ATP analogue AMP-PNP.	Adenylyl Imidodiphosphate	216-223	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
7971997-7	1994	Deletion analysis of p21 indicated that the sequences essential for inhibition of RSV LTR function include the previously identified ARg/Ser-rich region and zinc finger-like motif.	Serine	137-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
21607514-1	1994	We examined the possible implication of ras in the regulation of the activity of several metabolic enzymes by employing an inducible H-ras expression system (RFLSVrasLAP cell line), in which the addition of IPTG decreases the levels of ras p21 3-fold.	Isopropyl Thiogalactoside	207-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	240-243
7853016-2	1994	Like other guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras is active when GTP bound and inactive when GDP bound.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
7853016-2	1994	Like other guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras is active when GTP bound and inactive when GDP bound.	Guanosine Triphosphate	69-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
7853016-2	1994	Like other guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras is active when GTP bound and inactive when GDP bound.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
7935463-8	1994	ralGDS interacted with the GTP-bound form of ras p21 but not with the GDP-bound form in vitro.	Guanosine Triphosphate	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
7935423-9	1994	We observed that calcium treatment inhibited EGF-induced p21ras activation.	Calcium	17-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
21607461-5	1994	Given that this interaction is inhibited by IPTG, such a cell line overexpresses the H-ras gene encoded protein ras p21 and the addition of isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) into the culture medium diminishes overexpression.	Isopropyl Thiogalactoside	44-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
8208513-2	1994	For biological activity the gene product p21 ras needs to be bound to the cell membrane by a farnesyl residue.	FARNESYL	93-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
8076673-1	1994	In contrast to the previous topological model of the ATP binding domain of the F1-ATPase beta subunit based on analogies to those of ras p21 and adenylate kinase, a more consistent model can be constructed with the known structure of the recA protein as a reference.	Adenosine Triphosphate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
15299412-1	1994	The parameters affecting the crystal quality of complexes between p21(H-ras) and caged GTP have been investigated.	Guanosine Triphosphate	87-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
15299412-2	1994	The use of pure diastereomers of caged GTP complexed to the more stable p21(G12P)" mutant of p21 and the addition of n-octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside improved the reproducibility and decreased the mosaicity of the crystals significantly.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
15299412-2	1994	The use of pure diastereomers of caged GTP complexed to the more stable p21(G12P)" mutant of p21 and the addition of n-octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside improved the reproducibility and decreased the mosaicity of the crystals significantly.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
15299412-5	1994	A structure of p21(G12P)":GTP could be obtained 2 min after photolytic removal of the cage group and led to the identification of a previously unidentified conformation for the so-called catalytically active loop L4.	Guanosine Triphosphate	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
15299413-0	1994	Crystallization and preliminary X-ray structure analysis of thermally unstable p21(H-ras) guanosine complexes.	Guanosine	90-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
15299413-1	1994	p21 is a small guanine nucleotide binding protein that is involved in intracellular signal transduction.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
15299413-3	1994	Guanosine or GMP bind six orders of magnitude more weakly to p21 than GDP or GTP.	Guanosine	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
15299413-3	1994	Guanosine or GMP bind six orders of magnitude more weakly to p21 than GDP or GTP.	guanosine 5'-monophosphorothioate	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
15299413-5	1994	We have crystallized C-terminally truncated forms of p21(H-ras), with guanosine or GMP bound, in the space groups P4(3)2(1)2, P2(1)2(1)2 and P2(1).	Guanosine	70-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
15299413-5	1994	We have crystallized C-terminally truncated forms of p21(H-ras), with guanosine or GMP bound, in the space groups P4(3)2(1)2, P2(1)2(1)2 and P2(1).	guanosine 5'-monophosphorothioate	83-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
8020607-4	1994	Furthermore, activity of Ki-ras p21 2 h prior to TPA exposure enhanced the inhibitory effect of TPA in quiescent cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
8020607-4	1994	Furthermore, activity of Ki-ras p21 2 h prior to TPA exposure enhanced the inhibitory effect of TPA in quiescent cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
8020607-6	1994	The suppression of junctional communication by TPA was completely prevented if the oncogenic p21 had been active for a longer period of time (48 h).	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
8020607-8	1994	From these results we conclude that there is a cell-state dependence of junctional sensitivity to TPA in NRK cells and that ras p21 activity potentiates the junctional response to TPA.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	180-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
8175645-9	1994	Furthermore, Cys-3-AMBA-Met and Cys-4-ABA-Met are true inhibitors of p21ras FTase since they are not farnesylated by this enzyme, in contrast to Cys-Val-Ile-Met, which inhibits the enzyme by acting as alternative substrate.	cys-3-amba	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
8061177-0	1994	Mutant c-Ki-ras p21 protein in chemical carcinogenesis in humans exposed to vinyl chloride.	Vinyl Chloride	76-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
7961601-0	1994	The hydration of Ras p21 in solution during GTP hydrolysis based on solution X-ray scattering profile.	Guanosine Triphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
7961601-2	1994	In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
7961601-2	1994	In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
7961601-2	1994	In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger.	Guanosine Triphosphate	148-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
7961601-2	1994	In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger.	gdpnhp	161-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
7961601-2	1994	In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger.	5"-guanyl imido diphosphate	169-196	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
7961601-2	1994	In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger.	beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate	197-238	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
7961601-3	1994	The result shows that ras p21 expands upon GTP binding.	Guanosine Triphosphate	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
7961601-5	1994	The scattering profiles were analyzed by simulation of hydrated ras p21, based on the crystal atomic coordinates, and it was concluded that the ras p21 molecule incorporates 20% more bulk water upon GTP binding.	Water	188-193	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
7961601-5	1994	The scattering profiles were analyzed by simulation of hydrated ras p21, based on the crystal atomic coordinates, and it was concluded that the ras p21 molecule incorporates 20% more bulk water upon GTP binding.	Guanosine Triphosphate	199-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	148-151
8190099-10	1994	In vitro assembly/co-sedimentation experiments in the presence of GTP gamma S revealed a 2-fold increase in a small cytosolic G protein with a molecular mass of 21 kDa (p21) in pelleted membranes, as detected by [35S]GTP gamma S protein blot probing, that was not affected by B-003.	Guanosine Triphosphate	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
8190099-10	1994	In vitro assembly/co-sedimentation experiments in the presence of GTP gamma S revealed a 2-fold increase in a small cytosolic G protein with a molecular mass of 21 kDa (p21) in pelleted membranes, as detected by [35S]GTP gamma S protein blot probing, that was not affected by B-003.	Sulfur	76-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
8190099-10	1994	In vitro assembly/co-sedimentation experiments in the presence of GTP gamma S revealed a 2-fold increase in a small cytosolic G protein with a molecular mass of 21 kDa (p21) in pelleted membranes, as detected by [35S]GTP gamma S protein blot probing, that was not affected by B-003.	Sulfur-35	213-216	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
8190099-10	1994	In vitro assembly/co-sedimentation experiments in the presence of GTP gamma S revealed a 2-fold increase in a small cytosolic G protein with a molecular mass of 21 kDa (p21) in pelleted membranes, as detected by [35S]GTP gamma S protein blot probing, that was not affected by B-003.	Guanosine Triphosphate	217-220	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
8190099-10	1994	In vitro assembly/co-sedimentation experiments in the presence of GTP gamma S revealed a 2-fold increase in a small cytosolic G protein with a molecular mass of 21 kDa (p21) in pelleted membranes, as detected by [35S]GTP gamma S protein blot probing, that was not affected by B-003.	Sulfur	215-216	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-172
8175645-9	1994	Furthermore, Cys-3-AMBA-Met and Cys-4-ABA-Met are true inhibitors of p21ras FTase since they are not farnesylated by this enzyme, in contrast to Cys-Val-Ile-Met, which inhibits the enzyme by acting as alternative substrate.	Methionine	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
8175645-9	1994	Furthermore, Cys-3-AMBA-Met and Cys-4-ABA-Met are true inhibitors of p21ras FTase since they are not farnesylated by this enzyme, in contrast to Cys-Val-Ile-Met, which inhibits the enzyme by acting as alternative substrate.	cys-4-aba	32-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
8175645-9	1994	Furthermore, Cys-3-AMBA-Met and Cys-4-ABA-Met are true inhibitors of p21ras FTase since they are not farnesylated by this enzyme, in contrast to Cys-Val-Ile-Met, which inhibits the enzyme by acting as alternative substrate.	Cysteine	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
8139548-0	1994	rac p21 is involved in insulin-induced membrane ruffling and rho p21 is involved in hepatocyte growth factor- and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced membrane ruffling in KB cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	114-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
8142406-0	1994	Characterization of the active site of p21 ras by electron spin-echo envelope modulation spectroscopy with selective labeling: comparisons between GDP and GTP forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
8142406-0	1994	Characterization of the active site of p21 ras by electron spin-echo envelope modulation spectroscopy with selective labeling: comparisons between GDP and GTP forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	155-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
8142406-2	1994	We incorporated [4-13C]-labeled Asx into p21.MnIIGDP and found that the distance from the carboxyl 13C of Asp57 to MnII is approximately 4.1 A.	4-13c	17-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
8142406-2	1994	We incorporated [4-13C]-labeled Asx into p21.MnIIGDP and found that the distance from the carboxyl 13C of Asp57 to MnII is approximately 4.1 A.	asx	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
8142406-14	1994	The ESEEM spectrum of p21.MnIIGMPPNP labeled with [2-2H]Thr yields a MnII-2H distance of 4.9 A, a distance inconsistent with strong coordination.	mniigmppnp	26-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8142406-14	1994	The ESEEM spectrum of p21.MnIIGMPPNP labeled with [2-2H]Thr yields a MnII-2H distance of 4.9 A, a distance inconsistent with strong coordination.	[2-2h]thr	50-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8142406-14	1994	The ESEEM spectrum of p21.MnIIGMPPNP labeled with [2-2H]Thr yields a MnII-2H distance of 4.9 A, a distance inconsistent with strong coordination.	Deuterium	53-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8142406-15	1994	A sample of p21 in which the Thr residues were fully labeled with 13C and 15N yielded a value of 5.0 A for the distance from MnII to the amide nitrogen of Thr35, while the 13C signal is much smaller than expected if Thr35 were coordinated.	Threonine	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
8142406-15	1994	A sample of p21 in which the Thr residues were fully labeled with 13C and 15N yielded a value of 5.0 A for the distance from MnII to the amide nitrogen of Thr35, while the 13C signal is much smaller than expected if Thr35 were coordinated.	13c	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
8142406-15	1994	A sample of p21 in which the Thr residues were fully labeled with 13C and 15N yielded a value of 5.0 A for the distance from MnII to the amide nitrogen of Thr35, while the 13C signal is much smaller than expected if Thr35 were coordinated.	15n	74-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
8142406-15	1994	A sample of p21 in which the Thr residues were fully labeled with 13C and 15N yielded a value of 5.0 A for the distance from MnII to the amide nitrogen of Thr35, while the 13C signal is much smaller than expected if Thr35 were coordinated.	Amides	137-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
8142406-15	1994	A sample of p21 in which the Thr residues were fully labeled with 13C and 15N yielded a value of 5.0 A for the distance from MnII to the amide nitrogen of Thr35, while the 13C signal is much smaller than expected if Thr35 were coordinated.	Nitrogen	143-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
8142406-15	1994	A sample of p21 in which the Thr residues were fully labeled with 13C and 15N yielded a value of 5.0 A for the distance from MnII to the amide nitrogen of Thr35, while the 13C signal is much smaller than expected if Thr35 were coordinated.	13c	172-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
8142406-16	1994	A [15N]serine/glycine-labeled sample gives a distance to the amide 15N of Ser17 of 3.9 A, consistent with the X-ray structure; a [4-13C]-labeled Asx sample of p21 gives a distance of approximately 4 A between MnII and the label of Asp57, again implying indirect coordination.	asx	145-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	159-162
8139548-9	1994	The phorbol ester-induced membrane ruffling was morphologically similar to the rhoA p21-induced kind and inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI or C3.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
8139548-10	1994	These results indicate that rac p21 and rho GDI are involved in insulin-induced membrane ruffling and that rho p21 and rho GDI are involved in HGF- and phorbol ester-induced membrane rufflings.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
8139548-0	1994	rac p21 is involved in insulin-induced membrane ruffling and rho p21 is involved in hepatocyte growth factor- and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced membrane ruffling in KB cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	152-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
8139548-0	1994	rac p21 is involved in insulin-induced membrane ruffling and rho p21 is involved in hepatocyte growth factor- and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced membrane ruffling in KB cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	152-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Triphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Triphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Triphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
8139548-3	1994	This rho GDI action was prevented by comicroinjection with guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S)-bound rac1 p21.	Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)	59-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
8139548-3	1994	This rho GDI action was prevented by comicroinjection with guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S)-bound rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
8139548-3	1994	This rho GDI action was prevented by comicroinjection with guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S)-bound rac1 p21.	Sulfur	106-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
8139548-5	1994	This rho GDI action was prevented by comicroinjection with GTP gamma S-bound rhoA p21, and this C3 action was prevented by comicroinjection with GTP gamma S-bound rhoAIle-41 p21, which is resistant to C3.	Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)	59-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
8139548-6	1994	Microinjection of either GTP gamma S-bound rac1 p21 or rhoA p21 alone induced membrane ruffling in the absence of the growth factors.	Guanosine Triphosphate	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
8139548-8	1994	Membrane ruffling was also induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, but not by Ca2+ ionophore or microinjection of a dominant active Ki-ras p21 mutant (Ki-rasVal-12 p21).	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	199-202
8139548-8	1994	Membrane ruffling was also induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, but not by Ca2+ ionophore or microinjection of a dominant active Ki-ras p21 mutant (Ki-rasVal-12 p21).	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	224-227
8142349-1	1994	A high-resolution solution structure of the GDP form of a truncated version of the ras p21 protein (residues 1-166) has been determined using NMR spectroscopy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8136358-2	1994	The side chain of the amino acid at position 61 may play a key role in this hydrolysis of GTP by p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	90-93	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
8144884-6	1994	In contrast, cross-linked anti-CD3 or the combination of phorbol ester and ionomycin were found to activate p21ras equally in both T cell subsets.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
8137813-8	1994	A different mutant, rab5 S34N, was found, like the inhibitory p21-ras S17N mutant, to have a preferential affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
8144884-6	1994	In contrast, cross-linked anti-CD3 or the combination of phorbol ester and ionomycin were found to activate p21ras equally in both T cell subsets.	Ionomycin	75-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
8116235-4	1994	Domain-swapping and site-directed mutagenesis experiments indicated that codon 9 of the core protein coding sequence played a crucial role on the synthesis of the core protein: a lysine codon at this position led to the synthesis of P16 and an arginine codon at this position led to the synthesis of P21.	Lysine	179-185	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	300-303
8114695-7	1994	Furthermore, Shc immune complexes contained guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward p21ras in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
8144711-5	1994	The first demonstrates the ability of the program to generate candidate inhibitors for a receptor site of known 3D structure, specifically the GDP binding site of p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
8107774-3	1994	The kinase complexes specifically with activated (GTP-bound) p21, inhibiting p21 GTPase activity and leading to kinase autophosphorylation and activation.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
8107774-3	1994	The kinase complexes specifically with activated (GTP-bound) p21, inhibiting p21 GTPase activity and leading to kinase autophosphorylation and activation.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
8270251-2	1994	Biochemically, these mutations result in the ras gene product (p21) being constitutively activated in its GTP-bound form and insensitive to the hydrolytic action of the ras-specific GTPase-activating protein (ras GAP).	Guanosine Triphosphate	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
8270251-3	1994	We hypothesized that, if tumor development is related to the p21 ras being in the active GTP-bound state, then a similar malignant phenotype may result from an inactivating mutation in the ras GAP gene in the region that interacts with ras p21 (so-called catalytic domain).	Guanosine Triphosphate	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
8060496-0	1994	Comparison of the low energy conformations of an oncogenic and a non-oncogenic p21 protein, neither of which binds GTP or GDP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	115-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
8060496-0	1994	Comparison of the low energy conformations of an oncogenic and a non-oncogenic p21 protein, neither of which binds GTP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
8060496-1	1994	Oncogenic p21 protein, encoded by the ras-oncogene, that causes malignant transformation of normal cells and many human tumors, is almost identical in sequence to its normal protooncogene-encoded counterpart protein, except for the substitution of arbitrary amino acids for the normally occurring amino acids at critical positions such as Gly 12 and Gln 61.	Glycine	339-342	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
8060496-1	1994	Oncogenic p21 protein, encoded by the ras-oncogene, that causes malignant transformation of normal cells and many human tumors, is almost identical in sequence to its normal protooncogene-encoded counterpart protein, except for the substitution of arbitrary amino acids for the normally occurring amino acids at critical positions such as Gly 12 and Gln 61.	Glutamine	350-353	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
8060496-2	1994	Since p21 is normally activated by the binding of GTP in place of GDP, it has been postulated that oncogenic forms must retain bound GTP for prolonged time periods.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
8060496-2	1994	Since p21 is normally activated by the binding of GTP in place of GDP, it has been postulated that oncogenic forms must retain bound GTP for prolonged time periods.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
8060496-2	1994	Since p21 is normally activated by the binding of GTP in place of GDP, it has been postulated that oncogenic forms must retain bound GTP for prolonged time periods.	Guanosine Triphosphate	133-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
8060496-3	1994	However, two multiply substituted p21 proteins have been cloned, neither of which binds GDP or GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
8060496-3	1994	However, two multiply substituted p21 proteins have been cloned, neither of which binds GDP or GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
8060496-11	1994	These regions have been found to be the most flexible in the p21 protein bound to GDP from prior molecular dynamics calculations (Dykes et al., 1993).	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8142894-1	1994	We have utilized Raman difference spectroscopy to investigate hydrogen bonding interactions of the guanine moiety in guanine nucleotides with the binding site of two G proteins, EF-Tu (elongation factor Tu from Escherichia coli) and the c-Harvey ras protein, p21 (the gene product of the human c-H-ras proto-oncogene).	Guanine	99-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	259-262
8142894-1	1994	We have utilized Raman difference spectroscopy to investigate hydrogen bonding interactions of the guanine moiety in guanine nucleotides with the binding site of two G proteins, EF-Tu (elongation factor Tu from Escherichia coli) and the c-Harvey ras protein, p21 (the gene product of the human c-H-ras proto-oncogene).	Guanine Nucleotides	117-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	259-262
8142894-7	1994	In general, the spectral shifts provide a rationale for the stronger binding of GDP and IDP with p21 compared to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
8142894-8	1994	Despite the structural similarity of the binding sites of EF-Tu and p21, the strengths of the observed hydrogen bonds at the 6-keto and 2-amino positions vary substantially, by up to a factor of 2.	Hydrogen	103-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
8257693-7	1993	The p21-bound fluorescein and aminocoumarin nucleotide derivatives reported correlation times of 19 and 29 ns, respectively.	Fluorescein	14-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
8244990-0	1993	Comparison of kinetic properties between two mammalian ras p21 GDP/GTP exchange proteins, ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor and smg GDP dissociation stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
8244990-1	1993	The mammalian counterpart of the yeast ras p21 GDP/GTP exchange protein CDC25, ras GRF, was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified, and its kinetic properties were compared with those of another mammalian ras p21 GDP/GTP exchange protein, smg GDS.	Guanosine Triphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
8246952-7	1993	In contrast to the results obtained with p120GAP, the Pro-34--&gt;Arg p21 species is effectively coupled to the raf-1 product, as judged from electrophoretic mobility shifts of the Raf-1 phosphoprotein.	Proline	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
8246952-7	1993	In contrast to the results obtained with p120GAP, the Pro-34--&gt;Arg p21 species is effectively coupled to the raf-1 product, as judged from electrophoretic mobility shifts of the Raf-1 phosphoprotein.	Arginine	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
8226937-0	1993	Consequences of weak interaction of rho GDI with the GTP-bound forms of rho p21 and rac p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
8226937-0	1993	Consequences of weak interaction of rho GDI with the GTP-bound forms of rho p21 and rac p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
8226937-2	1993	Recently, rho GDI has been reported to interact with the GTP-bound form of G25K and rac1 p21 and to inhibit their basal and GTPase-activating protein (GAP)-stimulated GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	57-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8262955-1	1993	Rabphilin-3A is a putative target molecule for rab3A p25/smg p25A, which is a member of a ras p21-related small GTP-binding protein and implicated in neurotransmitter release from the synapse.	Guanosine Triphosphate	112-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
8129867-1	1993	We previously reported a complete computer-based three-dimensional structure for residues 1-171 of the Gly 12-containing ras-gene-encoded p21 protein complexed with GDP.	Glycine	103-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
8129867-1	1993	We previously reported a complete computer-based three-dimensional structure for residues 1-171 of the Gly 12-containing ras-gene-encoded p21 protein complexed with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
7693851-7	1993	Finally, we also show that a 62-kD protein coimmunoprecipitating with the p21ras GTPase activating protein (GAP) is heavily tyrosine phosphorylated only after CD2 stimulation.	Tyrosine	124-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
7691613-0	1993	Overlapping epitopes encompassing a point mutation (12 Gly--&gt;Arg) in p21 ras can be recognized by HLA-DR, -DP and -DQ restricted T cells.	Glycine	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
8409414-13	1993	Finally, under conditions in which the PKC inhibitor calphostin C blocks PMA-induced p21ras activation, it does not inhibit Ag-induced p21ras activation.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
7691613-0	1993	Overlapping epitopes encompassing a point mutation (12 Gly--&gt;Arg) in p21 ras can be recognized by HLA-DR, -DP and -DQ restricted T cells.	Arginine	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
7691613-5	1993	By repeated in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, several T cells clones could be generated which recognized a p21 ras derived peptide carrying a position 12 Gly--&gt;Arg substitution.	Glycine	180-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
7691613-5	1993	By repeated in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, several T cells clones could be generated which recognized a p21 ras derived peptide carrying a position 12 Gly--&gt;Arg substitution.	Arginine	189-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	133-136
8223583-10	1993	Treatment of the sigma 1 heterodimer with 1% sodium cholate, followed by gel filtration or anion-exchange chromatography in the presence of 1% sodium cholate, effectively separated rac1 p21 from rho GDI.	Sodium Cholate	45-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
8223583-10	1993	Treatment of the sigma 1 heterodimer with 1% sodium cholate, followed by gel filtration or anion-exchange chromatography in the presence of 1% sodium cholate, effectively separated rac1 p21 from rho GDI.	Sodium Cholate	143-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
8406231-6	1993	The GTP gamma S-induced Ca2+ sensitization seems to be mediated by rho A p21, a small G protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
8223583-11	1993	Monomeric rac1 p21, obtained by these procedures, was able to stimulate cell-free O2- generation.	Superoxides	82-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
8223583-13	1993	Monomeric rac1 p21 exhibited an almost absolute dependence on exogenous GTP following removal of the endogenous nucleotide in low Mg2+ solution.	Guanosine Triphosphate	72-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
8223583-13	1993	Monomeric rac1 p21 exhibited an almost absolute dependence on exogenous GTP following removal of the endogenous nucleotide in low Mg2+ solution.	magnesium ion	130-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
8406231-6	1993	The GTP gamma S-induced Ca2+ sensitization seems to be mediated by rho A p21, a small G protein.	Sulfur	14-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
8338843-3	1993	All assays gave good agreement except the filter binding assay of [3H]-GDP bound to p21, which gave values of 35-40% compared to the other methods.	Tritium	67-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
8395827-0	1993	Combination of arachidonic acid and guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) induce translocation of rac p21s to membrane and activation of NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system.	guanosine 5"-o-	36-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
8395827-0	1993	Combination of arachidonic acid and guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) induce translocation of rac p21s to membrane and activation of NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system.	3-thiotriphosphate	52-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
8395827-5	1993	However, GTP gamma S in combination with AA markedly augmented rac p21s translocation to the membrane.	Guanosine Triphosphate	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
8395827-5	1993	However, GTP gamma S in combination with AA markedly augmented rac p21s translocation to the membrane.	Sulfur	19-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
8395827-7	1993	These results indicate that the GTP-bound active form of rac p21s is the entity that is translocated to the membrane by the action of AA.	Guanosine Triphosphate	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Triphosphate	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Triphosphate	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Triphosphate	104-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Triphosphate	104-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
8352776-3	1993	RhoA p21 and rac1 p21 have similar GDP/GTP exchange rates in the absence of rho GDI and smg GDS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
8352776-3	1993	RhoA p21 and rac1 p21 have similar GDP/GTP exchange rates in the absence of rho GDI and smg GDS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
8352776-3	1993	RhoA p21 and rac1 p21 have similar GDP/GTP exchange rates in the absence of rho GDI and smg GDS.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
8352776-3	1993	RhoA p21 and rac1 p21 have similar GDP/GTP exchange rates in the absence of rho GDI and smg GDS.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
8352776-4	1993	The velocity of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction for rhoA p21 was enhanced much more by smg GDS than was the velocity of nucleotide exchange for rac1 p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
8352776-4	1993	The velocity of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction for rhoA p21 was enhanced much more by smg GDS than was the velocity of nucleotide exchange for rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
8352776-4	1993	The velocity of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction for rhoA p21 was enhanced much more by smg GDS than was the velocity of nucleotide exchange for rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
8395827-0	1993	Combination of arachidonic acid and guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) induce translocation of rac p21s to membrane and activation of NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system.	Arachidonic Acid	15-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
8357792-1	1993	The three-dimensional structures and biochemical properties of two mutants of the G-domain (residues 1-166) of p21H-ras, p21 (G12D) and p21 (G12P), have been determined in the triphosphate-bound form using guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNHp).	triphosphoric acid	176-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
8357792-1	1993	The three-dimensional structures and biochemical properties of two mutants of the G-domain (residues 1-166) of p21H-ras, p21 (G12D) and p21 (G12P), have been determined in the triphosphate-bound form using guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNHp).	triphosphoric acid	176-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
8357792-1	1993	The three-dimensional structures and biochemical properties of two mutants of the G-domain (residues 1-166) of p21H-ras, p21 (G12D) and p21 (G12P), have been determined in the triphosphate-bound form using guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNHp).	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	206-249	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
8357792-1	1993	The three-dimensional structures and biochemical properties of two mutants of the G-domain (residues 1-166) of p21H-ras, p21 (G12D) and p21 (G12P), have been determined in the triphosphate-bound form using guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNHp).	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	206-249	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
8357792-1	1993	The three-dimensional structures and biochemical properties of two mutants of the G-domain (residues 1-166) of p21H-ras, p21 (G12D) and p21 (G12P), have been determined in the triphosphate-bound form using guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNHp).	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	251-257	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
8357792-1	1993	The three-dimensional structures and biochemical properties of two mutants of the G-domain (residues 1-166) of p21H-ras, p21 (G12D) and p21 (G12P), have been determined in the triphosphate-bound form using guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNHp).	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	251-257	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
8357792-6	1993	The structure of p21 (G12P) is remarkably similar to that of wild-type p21 in the active site, including the position of the nucleophilic water.	Water	138-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
8338843-3	1993	All assays gave good agreement except the filter binding assay of [3H]-GDP bound to p21, which gave values of 35-40% compared to the other methods.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
8338843-4	1993	Concentrations of p21 were thus based on the absorbance of the mant-chromophore of the p21-mant-nucleotide complexes.	mant	63-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
8338843-4	1993	Concentrations of p21 were thus based on the absorbance of the mant-chromophore of the p21-mant-nucleotide complexes.	mant	63-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8338843-5	1993	The rate constants of the elementary steps of the p21 intrinsic GTPase activity and the GAP activated activity were similar between GTP and mantGTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
8338843-6	1993	Incubation of a stoichiometric complex of p21.mantGTP results in a biphasic decrease in fluorescence.	2'(3')-O-(N-methyl)anthraniloylguanosine 5'-triphosphate	46-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
8338843-10	1993	This is interpreted that the cleavage step of p21.GTP is preceded by and controlled by an isomerization of the p21.GTP complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
8338843-10	1993	This is interpreted that the cleavage step of p21.GTP is preceded by and controlled by an isomerization of the p21.GTP complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
8338843-10	1993	This is interpreted that the cleavage step of p21.GTP is preceded by and controlled by an isomerization of the p21.GTP complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	115-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
8338843-10	1993	This is interpreted that the cleavage step of p21.GTP is preceded by and controlled by an isomerization of the p21.GTP complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	115-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
8338843-11	1993	GAP accelerates the rate constant of the second fluorescence phase occurring with p21.mantGpp[NH]p. This result shows that GAP accelerates the proposed isomerization which limits GTP cleavage rather than the cleavage step itself.	Guanosine Triphosphate	179-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
8329399-1	1993	Heteronuclear-edited proton-detected NMR methods are used to study the nucleotide-dependent conformational change between GDP- and GTP gamma S-bound forms of human N-ras p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
8393791-0	1993	Affinity labeling of c-H-ras p21 consensus elements with periodate-oxidized GDP and GTP.	metaperiodate	57-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
8393791-0	1993	Affinity labeling of c-H-ras p21 consensus elements with periodate-oxidized GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
8393791-0	1993	Affinity labeling of c-H-ras p21 consensus elements with periodate-oxidized GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
8393791-1	1993	The amino acid sequence motifs of human c-H-ras p21 involved in the interaction with guanosine nucleotides were cross-linked to in situ periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]GDP or [alpha-32P]GTP.	guanosine nucleotides	85-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
8393791-1	1993	The amino acid sequence motifs of human c-H-ras p21 involved in the interaction with guanosine nucleotides were cross-linked to in situ periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]GDP or [alpha-32P]GTP.	metaperiodate	136-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
8393791-1	1993	The amino acid sequence motifs of human c-H-ras p21 involved in the interaction with guanosine nucleotides were cross-linked to in situ periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]GDP or [alpha-32P]GTP.	alpha-32p	156-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
8393791-1	1993	The amino acid sequence motifs of human c-H-ras p21 involved in the interaction with guanosine nucleotides were cross-linked to in situ periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]GDP or [alpha-32P]GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
8393791-1	1993	The amino acid sequence motifs of human c-H-ras p21 involved in the interaction with guanosine nucleotides were cross-linked to in situ periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]GDP or [alpha-32P]GTP.	alpha-32p	174-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
8393791-1	1993	The amino acid sequence motifs of human c-H-ras p21 involved in the interaction with guanosine nucleotides were cross-linked to in situ periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]GDP or [alpha-32P]GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	184-187	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
8393791-2	1993	Site-specific reaction was achieved by cross-linking conserved lysine residues close to the G-nucleotide binding site of p21 with the 2",3"-dialdehyde derivatives of GDP or GTP under kinetically controlled conditions.	Lysine	63-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
8393791-2	1993	Site-specific reaction was achieved by cross-linking conserved lysine residues close to the G-nucleotide binding site of p21 with the 2",3"-dialdehyde derivatives of GDP or GTP under kinetically controlled conditions.	2",3"-dialdehyde	134-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
8393791-2	1993	Site-specific reaction was achieved by cross-linking conserved lysine residues close to the G-nucleotide binding site of p21 with the 2",3"-dialdehyde derivatives of GDP or GTP under kinetically controlled conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
8329399-1	1993	Heteronuclear-edited proton-detected NMR methods are used to study the nucleotide-dependent conformational change between GDP- and GTP gamma S-bound forms of human N-ras p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	131-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
8393791-2	1993	Site-specific reaction was achieved by cross-linking conserved lysine residues close to the G-nucleotide binding site of p21 with the 2",3"-dialdehyde derivatives of GDP or GTP under kinetically controlled conditions.	Guanosine Triphosphate	173-176	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
8329399-3	1993	When GTP gamma S is substituted for GDP in cellular N-ras p21, the chemical shifts of resonances Asp-47, -126, -154, and Asn-172, as well as Gly-77 and -151, are not sensitive to nucleotide exchange, whereas Asp-30, -33, -38, -54, -57, -69, -92, -105, and -119 are affected.	Guanosine Triphosphate	5-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
8329399-3	1993	When GTP gamma S is substituted for GDP in cellular N-ras p21, the chemical shifts of resonances Asp-47, -126, -154, and Asn-172, as well as Gly-77 and -151, are not sensitive to nucleotide exchange, whereas Asp-30, -33, -38, -54, -57, -69, -92, -105, and -119 are affected.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
8329399-3	1993	When GTP gamma S is substituted for GDP in cellular N-ras p21, the chemical shifts of resonances Asp-47, -126, -154, and Asn-172, as well as Gly-77 and -151, are not sensitive to nucleotide exchange, whereas Asp-30, -33, -38, -54, -57, -69, -92, -105, and -119 are affected.	Aspartic Acid	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
8329399-3	1993	When GTP gamma S is substituted for GDP in cellular N-ras p21, the chemical shifts of resonances Asp-47, -126, -154, and Asn-172, as well as Gly-77 and -151, are not sensitive to nucleotide exchange, whereas Asp-30, -33, -38, -54, -57, -69, -92, -105, and -119 are affected.	Asparagine	121-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
8329399-3	1993	When GTP gamma S is substituted for GDP in cellular N-ras p21, the chemical shifts of resonances Asp-47, -126, -154, and Asn-172, as well as Gly-77 and -151, are not sensitive to nucleotide exchange, whereas Asp-30, -33, -38, -54, -57, -69, -92, -105, and -119 are affected.	Glycine	141-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
8329399-3	1993	When GTP gamma S is substituted for GDP in cellular N-ras p21, the chemical shifts of resonances Asp-47, -126, -154, and Asn-172, as well as Gly-77 and -151, are not sensitive to nucleotide exchange, whereas Asp-30, -33, -38, -54, -57, -69, -92, -105, and -119 are affected.	Aspartic Acid	208-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
8508922-2	1993	Here we show that in beta-escin skinned mesenteric microarteries, H-ras p21 proteins, preactivated with GTP or GTP gamma S, increase force at constant submaximal Ca2+ (pCa 6.3) concentration dependently.	Escin	21-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
8508922-3	1993	The GTP-bound form of the wild-type H-ras p21 and the oncogenic mutant (p21[G12V]) were equally effective.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
8508922-2	1993	Here we show that in beta-escin skinned mesenteric microarteries, H-ras p21 proteins, preactivated with GTP or GTP gamma S, increase force at constant submaximal Ca2+ (pCa 6.3) concentration dependently.	Guanosine Triphosphate	104-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
8508922-3	1993	The GTP-bound form of the wild-type H-ras p21 and the oncogenic mutant (p21[G12V]) were equally effective.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
8508922-4	1993	The nucleotide-free and the inactive GDP-bound form of ras p21 had no effect on force.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
8508922-2	1993	Here we show that in beta-escin skinned mesenteric microarteries, H-ras p21 proteins, preactivated with GTP or GTP gamma S, increase force at constant submaximal Ca2+ (pCa 6.3) concentration dependently.	Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)	111-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
21573584-9	1993	None of the tumors had mutations in K-ras codons 12 or 13 (Gly--&gt;Asp) It is suggested that the ras p21 oncoprotein may be involved in the pathogenesis and H-ras mutations and be a molecular genetic marker in small intestinal tumors.	Aspartic Acid	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
8512342-4	1993	The gene product, ras p21, binds to GDP or GTP, and hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and Pi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8512342-4	1993	The gene product, ras p21, binds to GDP or GTP, and hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and Pi.	Guanosine Triphosphate	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8512342-4	1993	The gene product, ras p21, binds to GDP or GTP, and hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and Pi.	Guanosine Triphosphate	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8512342-4	1993	The gene product, ras p21, binds to GDP or GTP, and hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and Pi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8496156-9	1993	In the course of these studies, we found, in contrast to previous observations, that both GAP and NF1-GRD can weakly activate the GTPase of Leu-61 mutant p21, showing that Gln-61 is not absolutely required for the stimulation of GTPase activity by GAPs.	Leucine	140-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
8496156-9	1993	In the course of these studies, we found, in contrast to previous observations, that both GAP and NF1-GRD can weakly activate the GTPase of Leu-61 mutant p21, showing that Gln-61 is not absolutely required for the stimulation of GTPase activity by GAPs.	Glutamine	172-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
8496156-11	1993	These data suggest a direct role for this residue in catalyzing GTP hydrolysis on p21ras, possibly by contributing a catalytic group to the p21 active site.	Guanosine Triphosphate	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
8318164-2	1993	Comparison of the computed and high-resolution x-ray crystallographic structures of Gly-12 p21.	Glycine	84-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
8318164-4	1993	p21 is thought to be activated by the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
8318164-4	1993	p21 is thought to be activated by the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
8497321-3	1993	We have previously shown that there is a diversity of GAPs that recognize this subfamily, including n-chimaerin, which is enriched in the hippocampus; we also detected proteins that bind these p21 proteins and seem to inhibit GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	226-229	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	193-196
8357627-2	1993	The mutated products of ras oncogenes (p21 protein) exhibit a decreased ability to hydrolyze GTP that lead to the stabilization of ras proteins in their active state and cause a continuous flow of signal transduction which may result in malignant transformation.	Guanosine Triphosphate	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
8386636-1	1993	Proton-NMR signals in the downfield region (below approximately 10 ppm) have been shown to provide a useful spectroscopic window to monitor the binding of guanine nucleotides to the active site of GTP/GDP-binding proteins via H-bonds, as specified here by the 21-kDa product of the c-H-ras gene (p21).	Guanine Nucleotides	155-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
8386636-1	1993	Proton-NMR signals in the downfield region (below approximately 10 ppm) have been shown to provide a useful spectroscopic window to monitor the binding of guanine nucleotides to the active site of GTP/GDP-binding proteins via H-bonds, as specified here by the 21-kDa product of the c-H-ras gene (p21).	Guanosine Triphosphate	197-200	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
8386636-1	1993	Proton-NMR signals in the downfield region (below approximately 10 ppm) have been shown to provide a useful spectroscopic window to monitor the binding of guanine nucleotides to the active site of GTP/GDP-binding proteins via H-bonds, as specified here by the 21-kDa product of the c-H-ras gene (p21).	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
8386636-2	1993	The time course of the intensity change of certain peaks upon addition of GTP to nucleotide-free p21 corresponds to the GTP hydrolysis rate as determined by HPLC.	Guanosine Triphosphate	74-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
8386636-2	1993	The time course of the intensity change of certain peaks upon addition of GTP to nucleotide-free p21 corresponds to the GTP hydrolysis rate as determined by HPLC.	Guanosine Triphosphate	120-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
21573584-2	1993	The level of ras p21 was analysed using the monoclonal antibody Y13-259 and the biotin-streptavidin-peroxidace-DAB technique.	Biotin	80-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
21573584-2	1993	The level of ras p21 was analysed using the monoclonal antibody Y13-259 and the biotin-streptavidin-peroxidace-DAB technique.	diazobenzenesulfonic acid	111-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
8318164-5	1993	We have previously constructed the three-dimensional structure of the p21 protein bound to GDP from an available alpha-carbon tracing of this protein using a combination of molecular dynamics and energy minimization (Dykes, et al., J. Biomol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
8318164-5	1993	We have previously constructed the three-dimensional structure of the p21 protein bound to GDP from an available alpha-carbon tracing of this protein using a combination of molecular dynamics and energy minimization (Dykes, et al., J. Biomol.	Carbon	119-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
8429832-0	1993	Effects of brefeldin A on cleavage of invariant chain to p21 and p10 and the appearance of Ii-freed class II MHC dimers.	Brefeldin A	11-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
8318164-8	1993	Until the recent publication of the all-heavy-atom x-ray crystallographic molecular coordinates of p21 residues 1-166 bound to a non-hydrolyzable GTP derivative (GppNp), no all-atom structure of the p21 protein has been available in the Brookhaven National Laboratories Protein Data Bank (PDB).	Guanosine Triphosphate	146-149	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
8318164-9	1993	In this communication we compare our computed structure for the p21-GDP complex to this x-ray crystal structure.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	172-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	172-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8462668-3	1993	Based on the similarities of ras-p21 and elongation factor Tu we propose here a model of the GDP state of ras-p21 that is in agreement with all relevant experimental evidence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
8462668-3	1993	Based on the similarities of ras-p21 and elongation factor Tu we propose here a model of the GDP state of ras-p21 that is in agreement with all relevant experimental evidence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
8429689-2	1993	The expression level of smg p21A and ras p21s during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 and MEG-01 cell lines was analyzed by immuno- and Northern blotting.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
8095334-6	1993	In situ hybridization of a 3H-labeled probe to human metaphase spreads localized the NDF gene to the short arm of chromosome 8 at bands p12-p21.	Tritium	27-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
7679495-5	1993	LPA- and peptide-induced p21ras activation is inhibited by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, at doses that do not affect epidermal growth factor-induced p21ras activation.	Genistein	89-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
8429832-4	1993	Cell treatment with Brefeldin A (BFA) was associated with a decrease in Ii-freed alpha, beta dimers, with inhibition of leupeptin-revealed cleavage of Ii to p21 and p10, and with persistence of endoglycosidase H susceptibility of Ii and class II alpha, beta chains.	leupeptin	120-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
8429832-3	1993	The cleavage of Ii to p21 and p10 was revealed in leupeptin-treated cells.	leupeptin	50-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8429832-4	1993	Cell treatment with Brefeldin A (BFA) was associated with a decrease in Ii-freed alpha, beta dimers, with inhibition of leupeptin-revealed cleavage of Ii to p21 and p10, and with persistence of endoglycosidase H susceptibility of Ii and class II alpha, beta chains.	Brefeldin A	20-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
8429832-4	1993	Cell treatment with Brefeldin A (BFA) was associated with a decrease in Ii-freed alpha, beta dimers, with inhibition of leupeptin-revealed cleavage of Ii to p21 and p10, and with persistence of endoglycosidase H susceptibility of Ii and class II alpha, beta chains.	Brefeldin A	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
8419371-1	1993	The coordination and binding of the Mg2+ ion in the nucleotide-binding site of p21 have been investigated using site-directed mutagenesis, kinetic methods, and phosphorous NMR.	magnesium ion	36-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
8425769-5	1993	Under the experimental conditions used, lovastatin prevented the membrane association, but not the biosynthesis, of p21.	Lovastatin	40-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
8419371-1	1993	The coordination and binding of the Mg2+ ion in the nucleotide-binding site of p21 have been investigated using site-directed mutagenesis, kinetic methods, and phosphorous NMR.	Phosphinidene	160-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
8419371-2	1993	Mg2+ in the p21.nucleotide.Mg2+ complex appears to be in fast equilibrium with the solvent.	magnesium ion	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
8419371-2	1993	Mg2+ in the p21.nucleotide.Mg2+ complex appears to be in fast equilibrium with the solvent.	magnesium ion	27-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	12-15
8419371-3	1993	The dissociation constant between Mg2+ and the p21.GDP complex was determined to be 2.8 microM.	magnesium ion	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
8419371-3	1993	The dissociation constant between Mg2+ and the p21.GDP complex was determined to be 2.8 microM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
8419371-5	1993	All three mutations influence the dissociation constants and the association and dissociation rate constants of the interaction between guanine nucleotides and p21, but to a different degree.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
8419371-7	1993	31P NMR spectra of the GDP and Gpp(NH)p (guanosine-5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate) complexes of mutated p21 show a remarkable perturbation of the guanine nucleotide-binding site compared to wild-type protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
8419371-7	1993	31P NMR spectra of the GDP and Gpp(NH)p (guanosine-5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate) complexes of mutated p21 show a remarkable perturbation of the guanine nucleotide-binding site compared to wild-type protein.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	31-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
8419371-7	1993	31P NMR spectra of the GDP and Gpp(NH)p (guanosine-5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate) complexes of mutated p21 show a remarkable perturbation of the guanine nucleotide-binding site compared to wild-type protein.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate	41-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
8419371-7	1993	31P NMR spectra of the GDP and Gpp(NH)p (guanosine-5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate) complexes of mutated p21 show a remarkable perturbation of the guanine nucleotide-binding site compared to wild-type protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
8353139-10	1993	The protein encoded by NF1 contains a GAP homology region, binds p21ras-GTP, and stimulates the hydrolysis of p21ras-bound GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	72-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
8232104-4	1993	Farnesyl can be used to synthesize cholesterol and can also bind covalently to several low molecular mass GTP-binding proteins such as p21 ras.	FARNESYL	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
8232104-4	1993	Farnesyl can be used to synthesize cholesterol and can also bind covalently to several low molecular mass GTP-binding proteins such as p21 ras.	Guanosine Triphosphate	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
1337001-0	1992	Sequential assignment of the backbone nuclei (1H, 15N and 13C) of c-H-ras p21 (1-166).GDP using a novel 4D NMR strategy.	Hydrogen	46-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
1464587-0	1992	Post-translational processing of rac p21s is important both for their interaction with the GDP/GTP exchange proteins and for their activation of NADPH oxidase.	Guanosine Triphosphate	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
1464587-1	1992	rac1 and rac2 p21s are ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins which are implicated in the NADPH oxidase-catalyzed superoxide generation in phagocytes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1464587-1	1992	rac1 and rac2 p21s are ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins which are implicated in the NADPH oxidase-catalyzed superoxide generation in phagocytes.	Superoxides	115-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1464587-3	1992	We studied the function of this post-translational processing of rac p21s in their interaction with the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for rac p21s, named smg GDS and rho GDI, and in their NADPH oxidase activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
1464587-3	1992	We studied the function of this post-translational processing of rac p21s in their interaction with the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for rac p21s, named smg GDS and rho GDI, and in their NADPH oxidase activation.	Guanosine Triphosphate	135-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
1282032-1	1992	Point mutations in ras genes resulting in substitutions of amino acid Gly in positions 12 and 13, and Gln in position 61 of the ras gene product p21, are commonly found in human tumors.	Glutamine	102-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
1282032-3	1992	Here we report that CD4+ T cells of memory type (CD45RO+) from a patient with a follicular thyroid carcinoma respond against a synthetic peptide derived from aberrant p21 ras having a Gln--&gt;Leu substitution at position 61.	Glutamine	184-187	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
1282032-3	1992	Here we report that CD4+ T cells of memory type (CD45RO+) from a patient with a follicular thyroid carcinoma respond against a synthetic peptide derived from aberrant p21 ras having a Gln--&gt;Leu substitution at position 61.	Leucine	193-196	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	167-170
7999142-7	1993	We have demonstrated that the SDC25 C-terminus domain promotes GTP binding to Ras p21 in CHO cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
7999142-11	1993	These results imply that, in subsets of human tumours, cellular Ras p21 might be found in its GTP-bound active form as a consequence of an oncogenic activation of a mammalian Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanosine Triphosphate	94-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
1447167-0	1992	A mouse CDC25-like product enhances the formation of the active GTP complex of human ras p21 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAS2 proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
1447167-4	1992	We show that the product of a recently isolated mouse CDC25-like gene (CDC25Mm) can strongly enhance (more than 1000 times) the GDP release from both human c-Ha-ras p21 and yeast RAS2 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
1459198-1	1992	We have recently shown that a peptide (residues 35-47) from a functional region of the ras p21 protein, thought to be involved in the binding of p21 to GTPase activating protein, the antibiotic azatyrosine, known to induce the ras-recision gene, and the selective protein kinase C inhibitor, CGP 41,251, all inhibit oncogenic p21 protein-induced maturation of oocytes in a dose-dependent manner.	beta-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)alanine	194-205	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
1459198-1	1992	We have recently shown that a peptide (residues 35-47) from a functional region of the ras p21 protein, thought to be involved in the binding of p21 to GTPase activating protein, the antibiotic azatyrosine, known to induce the ras-recision gene, and the selective protein kinase C inhibitor, CGP 41,251, all inhibit oncogenic p21 protein-induced maturation of oocytes in a dose-dependent manner.	beta-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)alanine	194-205	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
1459198-1	1992	We have recently shown that a peptide (residues 35-47) from a functional region of the ras p21 protein, thought to be involved in the binding of p21 to GTPase activating protein, the antibiotic azatyrosine, known to induce the ras-recision gene, and the selective protein kinase C inhibitor, CGP 41,251, all inhibit oncogenic p21 protein-induced maturation of oocytes in a dose-dependent manner.	beta-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)alanine	194-205	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
1337001-0	1992	Sequential assignment of the backbone nuclei (1H, 15N and 13C) of c-H-ras p21 (1-166).GDP using a novel 4D NMR strategy.	15n	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
1337001-0	1992	Sequential assignment of the backbone nuclei (1H, 15N and 13C) of c-H-ras p21 (1-166).GDP using a novel 4D NMR strategy.	13c	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
1337001-0	1992	Sequential assignment of the backbone nuclei (1H, 15N and 13C) of c-H-ras p21 (1-166).GDP using a novel 4D NMR strategy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
1406640-3	1992	We have previously reported that the posttranslational processing of Ki-ras p21 is essential for its interaction with one of its GDP/GTP exchange proteins named smg GDS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
1429539-2	1992	The model is based on analogies to the known structures of the MgATP site on adenylate kinase and the guanine nucleotide sites on elongation factor Tu (Ef-Tu) and the ras p21 protein.	Adenosine Triphosphate	63-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
1429539-2	1992	The model is based on analogies to the known structures of the MgATP site on adenylate kinase and the guanine nucleotide sites on elongation factor Tu (Ef-Tu) and the ras p21 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
1406640-3	1992	We have previously reported that the posttranslational processing of Ki-ras p21 is essential for its interaction with one of its GDP/GTP exchange proteins named smg GDS.	Guanosine Triphosphate	133-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
1390653-0	1992	On the mechanism of guanosine triphosphate hydrolysis in ras p21 proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	20-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
1390653-2	1992	Such mutations lead to a major reduction in the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the complex of ras p21 and the GTPase activating protein (GAP) and lock the protein in a growth-promoting state.	Guanosine Triphosphate	56-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1524403-4	1992	In oocyte microinjection experiments, it was found that this peptide strongly inhibits the mitogenic effects of oncogenic (Val 12-containing)p21 but does not inhibit the cellular effects of activation of normal p21 protein.	val 12	123-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	141-144
1325460-3	1992	To test this hypothesis, we examined the ability of NDK to catalyze the phosphorylation of the GDP bound to the following three members of the superfamily of regulatory GTP-binding proteins: Gt, Ha-ras p21, and ARF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
1524403-5	1992	Furthermore, it has been shown that the cellular effects of oncogenic p21 protein can be completely inhibited by selectively blocking protein kinase C (PKC) with a highly specific inhibitor of this protein, CGP 41 251, a staurosporine derivative.	Staurosporine	221-234	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	8-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
1501280-4	1992	Fractionation of radiolabeled oocyte extracts on 10 to 60% sucrose gradients revealed that Cys-minus core proteins resolved into the nonparticulate and capsid forms seen for wild-type p21.5.	Cysteine	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	184-187
1501280-8	1992	However, Cys residues stabilize isolated p21.5 structures, as evidenced by the marked reduction in stability of Cys-minus dimers and capsids (i) in nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and (ii) upon protease digestion.	Cysteine	9-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
1501882-1	1992	rap1/Krev-1/smg p21 (smg p21), a member of the small GTP-binding protein (G protein) superfamily, has a geranylgeranylated cysteine residue and clustered basic amino acids in the C-terminal region.	Cysteine	123-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
1501882-1	1992	rap1/Krev-1/smg p21 (smg p21), a member of the small GTP-binding protein (G protein) superfamily, has a geranylgeranylated cysteine residue and clustered basic amino acids in the C-terminal region.	Cysteine	123-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
1501882-1	1992	rap1/Krev-1/smg p21 (smg p21), a member of the small GTP-binding protein (G protein) superfamily, has a geranylgeranylated cysteine residue and clustered basic amino acids in the C-terminal region.	Amino Acids, Basic	154-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	8-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
1501882-1	1992	rap1/Krev-1/smg p21 (smg p21), a member of the small GTP-binding protein (G protein) superfamily, has a geranylgeranylated cysteine residue and clustered basic amino acids in the C-terminal region.	Amino Acids, Basic	154-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
1501882-4	1992	Moreover, smg p21 is phosphorylated by cyclic AMP- and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases at the serine residue between the polybasic region and the prenylated cysteine residue, and this phosphorylation initiates the smg GDS-induced smg p21 activation.	Cyclic AMP	39-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
1501882-4	1992	Moreover, smg p21 is phosphorylated by cyclic AMP- and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases at the serine residue between the polybasic region and the prenylated cysteine residue, and this phosphorylation initiates the smg GDS-induced smg p21 activation.	Cyclic AMP	39-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	239-242
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
1501882-4	1992	Moreover, smg p21 is phosphorylated by cyclic AMP- and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases at the serine residue between the polybasic region and the prenylated cysteine residue, and this phosphorylation initiates the smg GDS-induced smg p21 activation.	Serine	99-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	8-11	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
1501882-4	1992	Moreover, smg p21 is phosphorylated by cyclic AMP- and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases at the serine residue between the polybasic region and the prenylated cysteine residue, and this phosphorylation initiates the smg GDS-induced smg p21 activation.	Cysteine	162-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1432605-1	1992	Isomers of ursodeoxycholic acid, 3 beta,7 alpha- and 3 beta,7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acids (3 beta 7 alpha U and 3 beta 7 beta U) crystallize in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) containing one molecule and in the monoclinic group P2(1) containing two independent molecules in an asymmetric unit.	Ursodeoxycholic Acid	11-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-192
14731519-3	1992	A model is presented in which the GTP-binding protein p21(ras) acts as an integrator of the signal transduction pathways controlled by the T-cell antigen receptor.	Guanosine Triphosphate	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
1421163-1	1992	The three-dimensional structure of the H-ras oncogene product p21 has been determined in both its active, GTP-bound and its inactive, GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
1421163-1	1992	The three-dimensional structure of the H-ras oncogene product p21 has been determined in both its active, GTP-bound and its inactive, GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
1432605-1	1992	Isomers of ursodeoxycholic acid, 3 beta,7 alpha- and 3 beta,7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acids (3 beta 7 alpha U and 3 beta 7 beta U) crystallize in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) containing one molecule and in the monoclinic group P2(1) containing two independent molecules in an asymmetric unit.	cholanic acid	76-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-192
1377053-10	1992	Epo was also able to activate p21ras as measured by exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
1634508-1	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI are stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins, respectively, for a group of ras p21-related small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
1634508-1	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI are stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins, respectively, for a group of ras p21-related small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanosine Triphosphate	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
1634508-1	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI are stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins, respectively, for a group of ras p21-related small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanosine Triphosphate	129-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
1634508-2	1992	rho p21 is a common substrate small G protein for both GDP/GTP exchange proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1634508-3	1992	We examined here the functional interactions of these GDP/GTP exchange proteins with rho p21 as a substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
1634508-3	1992	We examined here the functional interactions of these GDP/GTP exchange proteins with rho p21 as a substrate.	Guanosine Triphosphate	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
1634508-4	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
1634508-4	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
1634508-6	1992	The GDP-bound form of rho p21 formed a complex with rho GDI but not with smg GDS in their simultaneous presence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
1634508-7	1992	Since the content of smg GDS was generally less than that of rho GDI in cells, these results suggest that there is some mechanism to release the inhibitory action of rho GDI and to make rho p21 sensitive to the smg GDS action during the conversion of rhoA p21 from the GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form in intact cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	269-272	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
1634508-7	1992	Since the content of smg GDS was generally less than that of rho GDI in cells, these results suggest that there is some mechanism to release the inhibitory action of rho GDI and to make rho p21 sensitive to the smg GDS action during the conversion of rhoA p21 from the GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form in intact cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	300-303	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
1379346-7	1992	This portion of Ras-GRF accelerated the release of GDP from RasH and RasN p21 in vitro, but not from the related RalA, or CDC42Hs GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
1377053-10	1992	Epo was also able to activate p21ras as measured by exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Triphosphate	90-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
1620132-5	1992	Thus, in the absence of PKC stimulation, the TCR was still able to induce accumulation of p21ras-GTP complexes, and this stimulation correlated with an inactivation of p21ras GTPase-activating proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
1506429-2	1992	The v-H-ras monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the c-ras protein, p21, reacted specifically with the acrosomal region of methanol-fixed as well as unfixed-live capacitated and non-capacitated human sperm cell in the indirect immunofluorescence technique.	Methanol	120-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
1316893-11	1992	These results indicate that the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system is regulated by both smg GDS and rho GDI through rac2 p21 or the rac2-related small G protein in phagocytes.	Superoxides	32-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
1599919-0	1992	Simulation of the solution structure of the H-ras p21-GTP complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
1599919-1	1992	An unconstrained simulation of the GTP-bound form of the H-ras protein p21 is performed in an aqueous environment with charge-neutralizing counterions.	Guanosine Triphosphate	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
1402877-5	1992	The crystal of [PdCl2(sperH)]2[PdCl4] x 2H2O (II) is monoclinic, P2(1)/n, with a = 7.023(1) A, b = 12.662(1) A, c = 18.435(3) A, and beta = 99.95(1) degrees, Z = 4, R = 0.051, and Rw = 0.058 on the basis of 2690 independent reflections.	pdcl4	31-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-70
1318075-1	1992	The number of water molecules bound to Mn2+ in the complex with a variant of Ha ras p21 and GDP has been determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements in 17O-enriched water.	Water	14-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
1318075-1	1992	The number of water molecules bound to Mn2+ in the complex with a variant of Ha ras p21 and GDP has been determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements in 17O-enriched water.	Manganese(2+)	39-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
1318075-1	1992	The number of water molecules bound to Mn2+ in the complex with a variant of Ha ras p21 and GDP has been determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements in 17O-enriched water.	17o	173-176	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
1318075-1	1992	The number of water molecules bound to Mn2+ in the complex with a variant of Ha ras p21 and GDP has been determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements in 17O-enriched water.	Water	186-191	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
1318075-7	1992	The resolution enhancement method has also been applied in a measurement of the 17O-Mn2+ superhyperfine coupling constant of 17O in the beta-phosphate of the GDP in the ras p21 complex.	17o	80-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
1318075-7	1992	The resolution enhancement method has also been applied in a measurement of the 17O-Mn2+ superhyperfine coupling constant of 17O in the beta-phosphate of the GDP in the ras p21 complex.	beta-phosphate	136-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
1318075-7	1992	The resolution enhancement method has also been applied in a measurement of the 17O-Mn2+ superhyperfine coupling constant of 17O in the beta-phosphate of the GDP in the ras p21 complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
1318075-8	1992	The intrinsically narrow EPR signals of Mn2+ in the complex with ras p21 and GDP in 2H2O respond to resolution enhancement such that the superhyperfine splitting from the 17O nuclear spin (I = 5/2) becomes visible in the EPR signals.	Manganese(2+)	40-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
21584509-1	1992	Ras p21 expression was investigated in 28 cases of neuroblastomas and 12 cases of ganglio-neuroblastomas by the biotin-streptavidin immunoperoxidase method using the anti-ras p21 rat monoclonal antibody Y13-259.	Biotin	112-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1637501-2	1992	An energy-refined structure for the normal p21 protein complexed with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
1637501-3	1992	A complete three-dimensional structure for the ras-gene-encoded p21 protein with Gly 12 and Gln 61, bound to GDP, has been constructed in four stages using the available alpha-carbon coordinates as deposited in the Brookhaven National Laboratories Protein Data Bank.	Glycine	81-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
1637501-3	1992	A complete three-dimensional structure for the ras-gene-encoded p21 protein with Gly 12 and Gln 61, bound to GDP, has been constructed in four stages using the available alpha-carbon coordinates as deposited in the Brookhaven National Laboratories Protein Data Bank.	Glutamine	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
1637501-3	1992	A complete three-dimensional structure for the ras-gene-encoded p21 protein with Gly 12 and Gln 61, bound to GDP, has been constructed in four stages using the available alpha-carbon coordinates as deposited in the Brookhaven National Laboratories Protein Data Bank.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
1637501-3	1992	A complete three-dimensional structure for the ras-gene-encoded p21 protein with Gly 12 and Gln 61, bound to GDP, has been constructed in four stages using the available alpha-carbon coordinates as deposited in the Brookhaven National Laboratories Protein Data Bank.	Carbon	176-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
1592117-4	1992	In addition cross-linking of [alpha-32P]GTP with GTP-binding proteins was demonstrated in model systems using different purified GTPases, human c-H-ras p21, transducin from bovine retina, polypeptide elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) from T. thermophilus and initiation factor 2 (IF2) from T. thermophilus.	[alpha-32p]gtp	29-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
1592117-4	1992	In addition cross-linking of [alpha-32P]GTP with GTP-binding proteins was demonstrated in model systems using different purified GTPases, human c-H-ras p21, transducin from bovine retina, polypeptide elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) from T. thermophilus and initiation factor 2 (IF2) from T. thermophilus.	Guanosine Triphosphate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
1513332-3	1992	Artemia p21 was unable to hydrolyze Gp4G, although this dinucleotide exhibits high affinity for the protein.	Dinucleoside Phosphates	56-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
1533366-6	1992	The results of this analysis have indicated two distinct interactive regions in p21, one associated with the guanine-nucleotide-binding site, whilst the second is proposed to be associated with a binding site for an activator protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
1569940-2	1992	Mutations of residues in loop L1 (Gly-12 and Gly-13), in loop L2 (Thr-35 and Asp-38), and in loop L4 (Gln-61 and Glu-63) influence the reaction in different ways, but all of these mutant p21 proteins still form complexes with GAP.	Threonine	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
1569940-2	1992	Mutations of residues in loop L1 (Gly-12 and Gly-13), in loop L2 (Thr-35 and Asp-38), and in loop L4 (Gln-61 and Glu-63) influence the reaction in different ways, but all of these mutant p21 proteins still form complexes with GAP.	Glutamine	102-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
1569940-2	1992	Mutations of residues in loop L1 (Gly-12 and Gly-13), in loop L2 (Thr-35 and Asp-38), and in loop L4 (Gln-61 and Glu-63) influence the reaction in different ways, but all of these mutant p21 proteins still form complexes with GAP.	Glutamic Acid	113-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
1351291-0	1992	The role of nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis in transducing systems: p21ras and muscle.	[[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] phosphono hydrogen phosphate	12-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
1351293-1	1992	Current knowledge of the structure of H-ras p21 is reviewed with particular emphasis on the interaction between guanine nucleotides and the active site of the protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
1351295-1	1992	Ras p21 proteins cycle between inactive, GDP-bound forms and active GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1351295-1	1992	Ras p21 proteins cycle between inactive, GDP-bound forms and active GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1351295-5	1992	This is a protein of 325,000 Da that is defective in patients with NF1; NF1-GAP is regulated by signalling lipids, and may serve to connect ras p21 with phospholipid second messenger systems.	Phospholipids	153-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
1351296-1	1992	Guanine nucleotides modified by acetylation of the ribose moiety with the small fluorophore N-methylanthranilic acid(mant) have been shown to bind to p21 ras with similar equilibrium and kinetic rate constants as the parent nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
1351296-1	1992	Guanine nucleotides modified by acetylation of the ribose moiety with the small fluorophore N-methylanthranilic acid(mant) have been shown to bind to p21 ras with similar equilibrium and kinetic rate constants as the parent nucleotides.	Ribose	51-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
1351296-1	1992	Guanine nucleotides modified by acetylation of the ribose moiety with the small fluorophore N-methylanthranilic acid(mant) have been shown to bind to p21 ras with similar equilibrium and kinetic rate constants as the parent nucleotides.	N-Methylanthranilic acid	92-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
1351296-1	1992	Guanine nucleotides modified by acetylation of the ribose moiety with the small fluorophore N-methylanthranilic acid(mant) have been shown to bind to p21 ras with similar equilibrium and kinetic rate constants as the parent nucleotides.	mant	117-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
1351296-4	1992	The fluorescence change with p21.mantGMP.PNP is accelerated in the presence of the C-terminal catalytic domain of GAP, which is consistent with this mechanism.	mantgmp	33-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
1351296-7	1992	These data imply a rapidly reversible formation of the p21.mantGTP complex with GAP followed by the isomerization of this complex.	2'(3')-O-(N-methyl)anthraniloylguanosine 5'-triphosphate	59-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
1569940-2	1992	Mutations of residues in loop L1 (Gly-12 and Gly-13), in loop L2 (Thr-35 and Asp-38), and in loop L4 (Gln-61 and Glu-63) influence the reaction in different ways, but all of these mutant p21 proteins still form complexes with GAP.	Glycine	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
1569940-2	1992	Mutations of residues in loop L1 (Gly-12 and Gly-13), in loop L2 (Thr-35 and Asp-38), and in loop L4 (Gln-61 and Glu-63) influence the reaction in different ways, but all of these mutant p21 proteins still form complexes with GAP.	Glycine	45-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	187-190
1533366-7	1992	These studies indicate that the p21 protein, besides the ability to function as a plasma-membrane-associated guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory protein and bind free guanine nucleotides in the cytoplasm, has the structural ability to bind guanine incorporated in DNA.	Guanine Nucleotides	169-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
1533366-7	1992	These studies indicate that the p21 protein, besides the ability to function as a plasma-membrane-associated guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory protein and bind free guanine nucleotides in the cytoplasm, has the structural ability to bind guanine incorporated in DNA.	Guanine	109-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
1540187-1	1992	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg GDS) stimulated the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-0-thio) triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1371879-0	1992	p21ras activation via hemopoietin receptors and c-kit requires tyrosine kinase activity but not tyrosine phosphorylation of p21ras GTPase-activating protein.	Tyrosine	63-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
1740128-6	1992	The concentrations of Mg2+ influencing the dissociation rate of the p21.GDP complex are much higher than for the intrinsic GTPase activity, an effect also observed for EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
1639630-0	1992	T-cell responses against products of oncogenes: generation and characterization of human T-cell clones specific for p21 ras-derived synthetic peptides.	Peptides	142-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
1639630-8	1992	TCC B and I were restricted by HLA-DR molecules, and recognized the mutated p21 ras-derived peptide carrying Arg and Lys at residue 12, respectively.	Arginine	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
1639630-8	1992	TCC B and I were restricted by HLA-DR molecules, and recognized the mutated p21 ras-derived peptide carrying Arg and Lys at residue 12, respectively.	Lysine	117-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
1639630-9	1992	TCC E and F were restricted by HLA-DQ molecules, the former being specific for a mutated p21 ras-derived peptide with Val in position 13 and the latter more broadly reactive.	Valine	118-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
1371879-7	1992	Activation of p21ras was also observed in response to Steel factor, which stimulates the endogenous tyrosine kinase activity of the c-kit receptor, as well as with phorbol esters, which activate protein kinase C. Experiments with protein kinase inhibitors implicated tyrosine kinase activity, but not protein kinase C activity, as the upstream signal in p21ras activation via these growth factor receptors.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1740128-2	1992	The influence of the ionic environment on the intrinsic GTPase activity and the guanine-nucleotide interaction of Ha-ras protein p21 were studied in various experimental conditions and compared with the behaviour of elongation factor (EF) Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
1740128-4	1992	Specific differences between p21 and EF-Tu were found in the action of divalent anions which strongly enhance the dissociation rate of p21.GDP without affecting that of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
1740128-4	1992	Specific differences between p21 and EF-Tu were found in the action of divalent anions which strongly enhance the dissociation rate of p21.GDP without affecting that of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
1740128-6	1992	The concentrations of Mg2+ influencing the dissociation rate of the p21.GDP complex are much higher than for the intrinsic GTPase activity, an effect also observed for EF-Tu.	magnesium ion	22-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
1540187-1	1992	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg GDS) stimulated the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-0-thio) triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to smg p21B.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1540187-1	1992	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg GDS) stimulated the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-0-thio) triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to smg p21B.	guanosine 5"-(3-0-thio) triphosphate	87-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1540187-1	1992	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg GDS) stimulated the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-0-thio) triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to smg p21B.	Guanosine Triphosphate	125-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1540187-1	1992	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg GDS) stimulated the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-0-thio) triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to smg p21B.	Sulfur	58-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1613976-4	1992	There are two regulatory proteins for smg p21, smg p21 GTPase activating protein (GAP) and smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
1733958-12	1992	Kinetic studies of the ADP-ribosylation and peptide mapping of the reaction products of rhoB p21 by EDIN and C3 suggest that the mode of action of the ADP-ribosylation by EDIN is quite similar to that by C3 and that the ADP-ribosylation site of rhoB p21 by EDIN is presumably the same as that by C3.	Adenosine Diphosphate	23-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1733958-12	1992	Kinetic studies of the ADP-ribosylation and peptide mapping of the reaction products of rhoB p21 by EDIN and C3 suggest that the mode of action of the ADP-ribosylation by EDIN is quite similar to that by C3 and that the ADP-ribosylation site of rhoB p21 by EDIN is presumably the same as that by C3.	edin	100-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1733958-12	1992	Kinetic studies of the ADP-ribosylation and peptide mapping of the reaction products of rhoB p21 by EDIN and C3 suggest that the mode of action of the ADP-ribosylation by EDIN is quite similar to that by C3 and that the ADP-ribosylation site of rhoB p21 by EDIN is presumably the same as that by C3.	Adenosine Diphosphate	151-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1733958-12	1992	Kinetic studies of the ADP-ribosylation and peptide mapping of the reaction products of rhoB p21 by EDIN and C3 suggest that the mode of action of the ADP-ribosylation by EDIN is quite similar to that by C3 and that the ADP-ribosylation site of rhoB p21 by EDIN is presumably the same as that by C3.	Adenosine Diphosphate	151-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	250-253
1733958-12	1992	Kinetic studies of the ADP-ribosylation and peptide mapping of the reaction products of rhoB p21 by EDIN and C3 suggest that the mode of action of the ADP-ribosylation by EDIN is quite similar to that by C3 and that the ADP-ribosylation site of rhoB p21 by EDIN is presumably the same as that by C3.	edin	171-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1733958-12	1992	Kinetic studies of the ADP-ribosylation and peptide mapping of the reaction products of rhoB p21 by EDIN and C3 suggest that the mode of action of the ADP-ribosylation by EDIN is quite similar to that by C3 and that the ADP-ribosylation site of rhoB p21 by EDIN is presumably the same as that by C3.	edin	171-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	250-253
1733958-12	1992	Kinetic studies of the ADP-ribosylation and peptide mapping of the reaction products of rhoB p21 by EDIN and C3 suggest that the mode of action of the ADP-ribosylation by EDIN is quite similar to that by C3 and that the ADP-ribosylation site of rhoB p21 by EDIN is presumably the same as that by C3.	edin	171-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1733958-12	1992	Kinetic studies of the ADP-ribosylation and peptide mapping of the reaction products of rhoB p21 by EDIN and C3 suggest that the mode of action of the ADP-ribosylation by EDIN is quite similar to that by C3 and that the ADP-ribosylation site of rhoB p21 by EDIN is presumably the same as that by C3.	edin	171-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	250-253
1733441-1	1992	Immunocytochemistry with monoclonal antibody Y13-259 demonstrated p21 ras in paraffin sections of breast tissue from 171 women: 85 with invasive breast carcinoma, 14 with non-invasive carcinoma and 72 with benign changes only.	Paraffin	77-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
1549353-0	1992	Induction of smg p21/rap1A p21/krev-1 p21 gene expression during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell line.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
1549353-0	1992	Induction of smg p21/rap1A p21/krev-1 p21 gene expression during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell line.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
1549353-0	1992	Induction of smg p21/rap1A p21/krev-1 p21 gene expression during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell line.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
1549353-1	1992	smg p21A and -B (smg p21s) are ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) with the same putative effector domain as ras p21s.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1549353-3	1992	The smg p21 protein molecules also increased during the TPA-induced differentiation of CMK cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	56-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	8-11
1549353-5	1992	Ha-ras p21 mRNA was undetectable, but both Ki- and N-ras p21 mRNAs were detected in CMK cells and their levels were also increased during TPA-induced differentiation of CMK cells, although to a lesser extent than those of smg p21 mRNAs.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	138-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	7-10
1549353-5	1992	Ha-ras p21 mRNA was undetectable, but both Ki- and N-ras p21 mRNAs were detected in CMK cells and their levels were also increased during TPA-induced differentiation of CMK cells, although to a lesser extent than those of smg p21 mRNAs.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	138-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
1549353-5	1992	Ha-ras p21 mRNA was undetectable, but both Ki- and N-ras p21 mRNAs were detected in CMK cells and their levels were also increased during TPA-induced differentiation of CMK cells, although to a lesser extent than those of smg p21 mRNAs.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	138-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
1549353-9	1992	A dramatic increase in the smg p21 mRNA levels was also observed in other leukemia cell lines during TPA-induced differentiation.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	101-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	31-34
1734890-2	1992	smg GDS, previously thought to be a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, Ki-ras p21, and rho p21, but not for Ha-ras p21 or smg p25A, was also active on rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
1734890-2	1992	smg GDS, previously thought to be a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, Ki-ras p21, and rho p21, but not for Ha-ras p21 or smg p25A, was also active on rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1734890-2	1992	smg GDS, previously thought to be a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, Ki-ras p21, and rho p21, but not for Ha-ras p21 or smg p25A, was also active on rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1734890-2	1992	smg GDS, previously thought to be a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, Ki-ras p21, and rho p21, but not for Ha-ras p21 or smg p25A, was also active on rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1734890-2	1992	smg GDS, previously thought to be a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, Ki-ras p21, and rho p21, but not for Ha-ras p21 or smg p25A, was also active on rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1734890-3	1992	rho GDI, previously thought to be an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein specific for rho p21, was also active on rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
1734890-3	1992	rho GDI, previously thought to be an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein specific for rho p21, was also active on rac1 p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	119-122
1610210-0	1992	Immunohistological localization of smg p25A, a ras p21-like guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein in human skin.	Guanosine Triphosphate	87-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
1549351-0	1992	Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
1549351-0	1992	Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
1549351-0	1992	Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
1549351-0	1992	Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	58-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
1731253-7	1992	We propose that recA protein may change its conformation upon ATP hydrolysis in a manner analogous to one such protein, the p21 protein from the ras oncogene.	Adenosine Triphosphate	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
1731253-9	1992	The mechanism by which nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis is coupled to the binding of another ligand in recA protein and p21 may be typical of the large class of NTPases containing this conserved motif.	[[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] phosphono hydrogen phosphate	23-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1516585-4	1992	P21 product of H-ras and P62 product of c-myc genes were detected in paraffin embedded parallel tissue sections.	Paraffin	69-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
1386285-6	1992	This competition for binding to GAP, or other proteins that interact with the effector site of ras p21, may explain the ability of Ki-rev1 to suppress cellular transformation by ras oncogenes.	ki-rev1	131-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
1959989-1	1991	A novel 21-kDa protein (p21) was isolated from auto-immune complexes, found in sera of 14 patients with malignant urogenital tumors and isolated on Protein A-Sepharose.	Sepharose	158-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
1469896-5	1992	This upregulation was manifested as persistent Ras p21-GTP binding, altered C16 alpha/C2 hydroxylation of estradiol, and hyperplasia preceding tumorigenesis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	55-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
1779468-9	1991	These findings suggest that smg p21s play an important role during the TPA-induced differentiation of CMK cells.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
1932038-0	1991	Is there a rate-limiting step before GTP cleavage by H-ras p21?	Guanosine Triphosphate	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
1932038-1	1991	A slow fluorescence change of the complex between ras p21 and the fluorescent GTP analogue 2"(3")-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl)guanosine 5"-triphosphate (mGTP) has been postulated to be a signal arising from a step which is rate limiting and precedes the actual GTP hydrolysis reaction [Neal, S. E., Eccleston, J. F., &amp; Webb, M. R. (1990) Proc.	Guanosine Triphosphate	78-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
1932038-1	1991	A slow fluorescence change of the complex between ras p21 and the fluorescent GTP analogue 2"(3")-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl)guanosine 5"-triphosphate (mGTP) has been postulated to be a signal arising from a step which is rate limiting and precedes the actual GTP hydrolysis reaction [Neal, S. E., Eccleston, J. F., &amp; Webb, M. R. (1990) Proc.	2'(3')-O-(N-methyl)anthraniloylguanosine 5'-triphosphate	91-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
1932038-1	1991	A slow fluorescence change of the complex between ras p21 and the fluorescent GTP analogue 2"(3")-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl)guanosine 5"-triphosphate (mGTP) has been postulated to be a signal arising from a step which is rate limiting and precedes the actual GTP hydrolysis reaction [Neal, S. E., Eccleston, J. F., &amp; Webb, M. R. (1990) Proc.	2'(3')-O-(N-methyl)anthraniloylguanosine 5'-triphosphate	149-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
1932038-1	1991	A slow fluorescence change of the complex between ras p21 and the fluorescent GTP analogue 2"(3")-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl)guanosine 5"-triphosphate (mGTP) has been postulated to be a signal arising from a step which is rate limiting and precedes the actual GTP hydrolysis reaction [Neal, S. E., Eccleston, J. F., &amp; Webb, M. R. (1990) Proc.	Guanosine Triphosphate	150-153	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
1932038-7	1991	In contrast, a faster fluorescence change of smaller amplitude seen in the complex between p21 and the uncleavable 2"(3")-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl)guanosine 5"-O-(beta,gamma-imidotriphosphate) (mGppNHp) is not affected by GAP.	2"(3")-o-(n-methylanthraniloyl)guanosine 5"-o-(beta,gamma-imidotriphosphate	115-190	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
1932038-7	1991	In contrast, a faster fluorescence change of smaller amplitude seen in the complex between p21 and the uncleavable 2"(3")-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl)guanosine 5"-O-(beta,gamma-imidotriphosphate) (mGppNHp) is not affected by GAP.	mgppnhp	193-200	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
1932038-8	1991	The corresponding fluorescent derivative of guanosine 5"-O-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (mGTP gamma S) shows a very slow fluorescence change after binding to p21, and this rate is also accelerated significantly by GAP.	guanosine 5"-o-(gamma-thiotriphosphate)	44-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
1939160-3	1991	Activation of p21ras was not observed when the cells were stimulated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and pretreatment with TPA for 16 h, sufficient to down-regulate PKC activity, did not abolish p21ras activation by insulin.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	131-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1932015-0	1991	An isotope edited classical Raman difference spectroscopic study of the interactions of guanine nucleotides with elongation factor Tu and H-ras p21.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
1932015-1	1991	We have measured the Raman spectrum of GDP bound to the elongation factor protein, EF-Tu, and the c-Harvey-ras protein, p21, two proteins of the guanine nucleotide binding family.	Guanine Nucleotides	145-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
1932015-5	1991	The data show that the guanine amino group of the nucleotide interacts differently with both EF-Tu and p21 than it does with water, showing a change in hydrogen-bonding properties upon binding.	Guanine	23-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
1932015-5	1991	The data show that the guanine amino group of the nucleotide interacts differently with both EF-Tu and p21 than it does with water, showing a change in hydrogen-bonding properties upon binding.	Water	125-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
1932015-5	1991	The data show that the guanine amino group of the nucleotide interacts differently with both EF-Tu and p21 than it does with water, showing a change in hydrogen-bonding properties upon binding.	Hydrogen	152-160	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
1932015-7	1991	The data strongly suggest that the conformation of the nucleotide when bound to EF-Tu and that p21 is the C2" endo pucker of the ribose ring and anti about the glycosidic bond.	Ribose	129-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	95-98
1939160-3	1991	Activation of p21ras was not observed when the cells were stimulated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and pretreatment with TPA for 16 h, sufficient to down-regulate PKC activity, did not abolish p21ras activation by insulin.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	158-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1744743-2	1991	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are important respiratory carcinogens and have been shown to cause specific mutational lesions that can lead to the activation of the ras oncogene and expression of its p21 protein product; ras oncogene activation and p21 expression frequently are detected in human lung cancers.	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	0-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
1820685-4	1991	Other cellular factors can positively regulate p21ras by stimulating GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1820685-4	1991	Other cellular factors can positively regulate p21ras by stimulating GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Triphosphate	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1924354-0	1991	Posttranslational modification of Ha-ras p21 by farnesyl versus geranylgeranyl isoprenoids is determined by the COOH-terminal amino acid.	FARNESYL	48-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
1924354-0	1991	Posttranslational modification of Ha-ras p21 by farnesyl versus geranylgeranyl isoprenoids is determined by the COOH-terminal amino acid.	geranylgeranyl isoprenoids	64-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
1924354-0	1991	Posttranslational modification of Ha-ras p21 by farnesyl versus geranylgeranyl isoprenoids is determined by the COOH-terminal amino acid.	Carbonic Acid	112-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
1924354-3	1991	We changed the terminal Ser-189 of Ha-ras p21 to Leu-189 by site-directed mutagenesis and found that the protein was modified by [3H]geranylgeranyl instead of [3H]farnesyl in an in vitro assay.	Serine	24-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
1924354-3	1991	We changed the terminal Ser-189 of Ha-ras p21 to Leu-189 by site-directed mutagenesis and found that the protein was modified by [3H]geranylgeranyl instead of [3H]farnesyl in an in vitro assay.	Leucine	49-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
1924354-3	1991	We changed the terminal Ser-189 of Ha-ras p21 to Leu-189 by site-directed mutagenesis and found that the protein was modified by [3H]geranylgeranyl instead of [3H]farnesyl in an in vitro assay.	[3h]geranylgeranyl	129-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
1924354-3	1991	We changed the terminal Ser-189 of Ha-ras p21 to Leu-189 by site-directed mutagenesis and found that the protein was modified by [3H]geranylgeranyl instead of [3H]farnesyl in an in vitro assay.	3h]farnesyl	160-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
1924354-4	1991	Gel-permeation chromatography of [3H]mevalonate-labeled hydrocarbons released from immunoprecipitated ras proteins overexpressed in COS cells indicated that Ha-ras p21(Leu-189) was also a substrate for 20-carbon isoprenyl modification in vivo.	[3h]mevalonate	33-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
1924354-4	1991	Gel-permeation chromatography of [3H]mevalonate-labeled hydrocarbons released from immunoprecipitated ras proteins overexpressed in COS cells indicated that Ha-ras p21(Leu-189) was also a substrate for 20-carbon isoprenyl modification in vivo.	Hydrocarbons	56-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
1924354-4	1991	Gel-permeation chromatography of [3H]mevalonate-labeled hydrocarbons released from immunoprecipitated ras proteins overexpressed in COS cells indicated that Ha-ras p21(Leu-189) was also a substrate for 20-carbon isoprenyl modification in vivo.	Leucine	168-171	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
1924354-4	1991	Gel-permeation chromatography of [3H]mevalonate-labeled hydrocarbons released from immunoprecipitated ras proteins overexpressed in COS cells indicated that Ha-ras p21(Leu-189) was also a substrate for 20-carbon isoprenyl modification in vivo.	Carbon	61-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
1924354-5	1991	Additional steps in Ha-ras p21 processing, normally initiated by farnesylation, appear to be supported by geranylgeranylation, based on metabolic labeling of Ha-ras p21(Leu-189) with [3H]palmitate and its subcellular localization in a particulate fraction from COS cells.	Leucine	169-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
1924354-5	1991	Additional steps in Ha-ras p21 processing, normally initiated by farnesylation, appear to be supported by geranylgeranylation, based on metabolic labeling of Ha-ras p21(Leu-189) with [3H]palmitate and its subcellular localization in a particulate fraction from COS cells.	Leucine	169-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
1924354-5	1991	Additional steps in Ha-ras p21 processing, normally initiated by farnesylation, appear to be supported by geranylgeranylation, based on metabolic labeling of Ha-ras p21(Leu-189) with [3H]palmitate and its subcellular localization in a particulate fraction from COS cells.	Tritium	184-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
1924354-5	1991	Additional steps in Ha-ras p21 processing, normally initiated by farnesylation, appear to be supported by geranylgeranylation, based on metabolic labeling of Ha-ras p21(Leu-189) with [3H]palmitate and its subcellular localization in a particulate fraction from COS cells.	Tritium	184-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
1924354-6	1991	These observations indicate that the amino acid occupying the terminal position (Xaa) in the Cys-Ali-Ali-Xaa motif constitutes a key structural feature by which Ha-ras p21 and other proteins with ras-like COOH-terminal isoprenylation sites are distinguished as substrates for farnesyl- or geranylgeranyltransferases.	Cysteine	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
1939117-0	1991	Inhibition of the action of the stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by the geranylgeranylated synthetic peptides designed from its C-terminal region.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
1939117-0	1991	Inhibition of the action of the stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by the geranylgeranylated synthetic peptides designed from its C-terminal region.	Guanosine Triphosphate	48-51	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
1939117-0	1991	Inhibition of the action of the stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by the geranylgeranylated synthetic peptides designed from its C-terminal region.	Peptides	117-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
1939117-1	1991	smg p21B, a member of the ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily, undergoes post-translational modifications, which are geranylgeranylation of the cysteine residue in the C-terminal region followed by removal of the three C-terminal amino acids (QLL) and the subsequent carboxyl methylation of the exposed prenylated cysteine residue.	Cysteine	159-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1939117-1	1991	smg p21B, a member of the ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily, undergoes post-translational modifications, which are geranylgeranylation of the cysteine residue in the C-terminal region followed by removal of the three C-terminal amino acids (QLL) and the subsequent carboxyl methylation of the exposed prenylated cysteine residue.	qll	258-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1939117-1	1991	smg p21B, a member of the ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily, undergoes post-translational modifications, which are geranylgeranylation of the cysteine residue in the C-terminal region followed by removal of the three C-terminal amino acids (QLL) and the subsequent carboxyl methylation of the exposed prenylated cysteine residue.	Cysteine	329-337	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1939117-6	1991	The results indicate that the phosphorylated form of PGKARKKSSC-geranylgeranyl stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21 GDS, that the presence of the geranylgeranyl moiety is essential for, but not sufficient for, the smg p21 GDS action, and that the presence of the methyl moiety, removal of the three C-terminal amino acids, and the presence of the polybasic amino acids also affect the smg p21 GDS action.	-geranylgeranyl	63-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
1939117-6	1991	The results indicate that the phosphorylated form of PGKARKKSSC-geranylgeranyl stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21 GDS, that the presence of the geranylgeranyl moiety is essential for, but not sufficient for, the smg p21 GDS action, and that the presence of the methyl moiety, removal of the three C-terminal amino acids, and the presence of the polybasic amino acids also affect the smg p21 GDS action.	-geranylgeranyl	63-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
1939117-6	1991	The results indicate that the phosphorylated form of PGKARKKSSC-geranylgeranyl stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21 GDS, that the presence of the geranylgeranyl moiety is essential for, but not sufficient for, the smg p21 GDS action, and that the presence of the methyl moiety, removal of the three C-terminal amino acids, and the presence of the polybasic amino acids also affect the smg p21 GDS action.	-geranylgeranyl	63-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
1939117-6	1991	The results indicate that the phosphorylated form of PGKARKKSSC-geranylgeranyl stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21 GDS, that the presence of the geranylgeranyl moiety is essential for, but not sufficient for, the smg p21 GDS action, and that the presence of the methyl moiety, removal of the three C-terminal amino acids, and the presence of the polybasic amino acids also affect the smg p21 GDS action.	geranylgeranyl	64-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
1939117-6	1991	The results indicate that the phosphorylated form of PGKARKKSSC-geranylgeranyl stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21 GDS, that the presence of the geranylgeranyl moiety is essential for, but not sufficient for, the smg p21 GDS action, and that the presence of the methyl moiety, removal of the three C-terminal amino acids, and the presence of the polybasic amino acids also affect the smg p21 GDS action.	geranylgeranyl	64-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
1939117-6	1991	The results indicate that the phosphorylated form of PGKARKKSSC-geranylgeranyl stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21 GDS, that the presence of the geranylgeranyl moiety is essential for, but not sufficient for, the smg p21 GDS action, and that the presence of the methyl moiety, removal of the three C-terminal amino acids, and the presence of the polybasic amino acids also affect the smg p21 GDS action.	geranylgeranyl	64-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	223-226
1744743-2	1991	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are important respiratory carcinogens and have been shown to cause specific mutational lesions that can lead to the activation of the ras oncogene and expression of its p21 protein product; ras oncogene activation and p21 expression frequently are detected in human lung cancers.	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	0-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	251-254
1883816-3	1991	Antisense oligonucleoside methylphosphonates and their psoralen derivatives directed at either normal human Ha-ras p21 or ras p21 that is mutated at a single base in codon 61 have been examined for their efficacy and specificity as inhibitors of p21 expression.	oligonucleoside methylphosphonates	10-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
1883816-3	1991	Antisense oligonucleoside methylphosphonates and their psoralen derivatives directed at either normal human Ha-ras p21 or ras p21 that is mutated at a single base in codon 61 have been examined for their efficacy and specificity as inhibitors of p21 expression.	oligonucleoside methylphosphonates	10-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
1883817-0	1991	GTP hydrolysis mechanisms in ras p21 and in the ras-GAP complex studied by fluorescence measurements on tryptophan mutants.	Guanosine Triphosphate	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
1883817-1	1991	We have substituted leucine 56 or tyrosine 64 of p21 ras with a tryptophan.	Tyrosine	34-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
1883817-1	1991	We have substituted leucine 56 or tyrosine 64 of p21 ras with a tryptophan.	Tryptophan	64-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
1907371-1	1991	We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
1907371-1	1991	We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS).	Guanosine Triphosphate	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
1907371-1	1991	We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS).	Guanosine Triphosphate	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1907371-1	1991	We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS).	Guanosine Triphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
1907371-1	1991	We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS).	Guanosine Triphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
1907371-1	1991	We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
1773783-1	1991	The three-dimensional structure of the active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-analogue-containing complex of the H-ras-encoded p21 has been determined.	Guanosine Triphosphate	46-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Guanosine Triphosphate	203-206	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	270-273
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Guanosine Triphosphate	203-206	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	307-310
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Arginine	245-248	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	270-273
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Arginine	245-248	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	307-310
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Arginine	311-314	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	270-273
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Arginine	311-314	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	307-310
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Lysine	320-323	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	270-273
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Lysine	320-323	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	307-310
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Leucine	333-336	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	270-273
2052624-7	1991	(iii) Identification of sequence regions, other than the effector loop and the nucleotide binding site, that may be involved in the functional cycle: they are loop L4, known to change conformation after GTP hydrolysis; helix alpha 2, especially Arg-73 and Met-67 in ras p21; loops L8 and L10, including ras p21 Arg-123, Lys-147, and Leu-120; and residues located spatially near the N and C termini.	Leucine	333-336	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	307-310
2026138-3	1991	It is shown that all fatty acids and acidic phospholipids tested, provided the critical micellar concentration and the critical micellar temperature are reached, inhibit the GAP stimulated p21 GTPase activity.	Fatty Acids	21-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
2026138-3	1991	It is shown that all fatty acids and acidic phospholipids tested, provided the critical micellar concentration and the critical micellar temperature are reached, inhibit the GAP stimulated p21 GTPase activity.	Phospholipids	44-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
1746900-1	1991	In the present work, we studied the expression of the c-myc oncoprotein p-62 and the ras oncoprotein p-21 in the dermal cellular infiltrate of paraffin embedded skin specimens, obtained from patients suffering from Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary syndrome.	Paraffin	143-151	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-105
1908842-0	1991	Inhibition of the action of a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by acidic membrane phospholipids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
1908842-0	1991	Inhibition of the action of a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by acidic membrane phospholipids.	Guanosine Triphosphate	46-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
1908842-0	1991	Inhibition of the action of a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by acidic membrane phospholipids.	Phospholipids	98-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
1908842-3	1991	These acidic phospholipids inhibited the smg p21 GDS action in a manner competitive with both smg p21 GDS and smg p21B.	Phospholipids	13-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
1908842-3	1991	These acidic phospholipids inhibited the smg p21 GDS action in a manner competitive with both smg p21 GDS and smg p21B.	Phospholipids	13-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
1908842-5	1991	The acidic phospholipids also inhibited these two actions of smg p21 GDS.	Phospholipids	11-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
1908842-6	1991	smg p21B has a polybasic region and an isoprenoid moiety in its C-terminal region which are necessary for its membrane-binding activity and its sensitivity to the smg p21 GDS actions.	Terpenes	39-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1908842-7	1991	Therefore, it is possible that acidic membrane phospholipids interact with this polybasic region and thereby inhibit the smg p21 GDS actions.	Phospholipids	47-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
1773783-1	1991	The three-dimensional structure of the active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-analogue-containing complex of the H-ras-encoded p21 has been determined.	Guanosine Triphosphate	70-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
1826565-2	1991	The ras gene product (p21) is a GTP-binding protein, and the activity of the protein is regulated by bound GDP/GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
1674518-6	1991	In the present report, we demonstrate that the TCR/CD3 complex and the CD2 Ag control the accumulation of p21ras-GTP complexes via a regulatory effect on p21ras GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	113-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
1901241-1	1991	We prepared monoclonal antibodies specific for smg p21A, one of the low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins and possibly a suppressor molecule for ras p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	89-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
1826565-2	1991	The ras gene product (p21) is a GTP-binding protein, and the activity of the protein is regulated by bound GDP/GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
1826565-2	1991	The ras gene product (p21) is a GTP-binding protein, and the activity of the protein is regulated by bound GDP/GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	111-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
1826565-3	1991	Recent studies have shown that a certain class of growth factors stimulates the formation of active p21-GTP complexes in fibroblasts and that oncogene products with enhanced tyrosine kinase activities have a similar effect on ras p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	104-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	100-103
1826565-4	1991	We have measured the ratio of active GTP-bound p21 to total p21 in several lymphoid and myeloid cell lines in order to understand the role of ras in the proliferation of these cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1826565-5	1991	Interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-3, and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhance the formation of the active p21.GTP, whereas IL-4 has no effect on p21-bound GDP/GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	130-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
1889625-1	1991	The use of ribose-modified guanine nucleotides and tryptophan mutants of p21ras, neither of which have significant effect on the kinetic mechanism of the p21ras GTPase and the GAP-activated p21ras GTPase, will now allow a detailed kinetic study of how GAP and other regulatory proteins interact with p21ras.	Tryptophan	51-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
1810347-0	1991	"Hot spot" amino acid distribution in Ha-ras oncogene product p21: relationship to guanine binding site.	Guanine	83-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
1901412-5	1991	Other low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins belonging to the Ras superfamily, including Rab-3A, Rap-2b, and c-Ha-ras p21, are not phosphorylated by CaM kinase Gr.	Guanosine Triphosphate	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
1899665-0	1991	Role of the C-terminal region of smg p21, a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein, in membrane and smg p21 GDP/GTP exchange protein interactions.	Guanosine Triphosphate	112-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
1900364-3	1991	Two ras-related human genes rap1A and rap1B encode 95% homologous 21-kDa proteins that share with Ras p21 the same effector domain and a similar C-terminal Cys-Ali-Ali-Xaa sequence (where Ali is an aliphatic amino acid; also known as a CAAX sequence).	Cysteine	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
1899665-0	1991	Role of the C-terminal region of smg p21, a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein, in membrane and smg p21 GDP/GTP exchange protein interactions.	Guanosine Triphosphate	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
1899665-0	1991	Role of the C-terminal region of smg p21, a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein, in membrane and smg p21 GDP/GTP exchange protein interactions.	Guanosine Triphosphate	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1899665-0	1991	Role of the C-terminal region of smg p21, a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein, in membrane and smg p21 GDP/GTP exchange protein interactions.	Guanosine Triphosphate	112-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1899665-0	1991	Role of the C-terminal region of smg p21, a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein, in membrane and smg p21 GDP/GTP exchange protein interactions.	Guanosine Triphosphate	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1899665-0	1991	Role of the C-terminal region of smg p21, a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein, in membrane and smg p21 GDP/GTP exchange protein interactions.	Guanosine Triphosphate	112-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1899665-1	1991	Limited proteolysis with trypsin of smg p21B, a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein having the same putative effector domain as ras p21s, produced the N-terminal fragment and the C-terminal tail of Lys-Lys-Ser-Ser-geranylgeranyl-Cys methyl ester.	Guanosine Triphosphate	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
1899665-1	1991	Limited proteolysis with trypsin of smg p21B, a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein having the same putative effector domain as ras p21s, produced the N-terminal fragment and the C-terminal tail of Lys-Lys-Ser-Ser-geranylgeranyl-Cys methyl ester.	lys-lys-ser-ser-geranylgeranyl-cys methyl ester	201-248	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
1900001-0	1991	Stoichiometric interaction of smg p21 with its GDP/GTP exchange protein and its novel action to regulate the translocation of smg p21 between membrane and cytoplasm.	Guanosine Triphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1900001-0	1991	Stoichiometric interaction of smg p21 with its GDP/GTP exchange protein and its novel action to regulate the translocation of smg p21 between membrane and cytoplasm.	Guanosine Triphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Triphosphate	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1900001-1	1991	We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
1900001-1	1991	We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1900001-1	1991	We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Triphosphate	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
1900001-1	1991	We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Triphosphate	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1900001-1	1991	We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Triphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
1900001-1	1991	We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Triphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1900001-2	1991	This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1900001-2	1991	This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1900001-2	1991	This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s.	Guanosine Triphosphate	118-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1900001-2	1991	This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Triphosphate	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1900001-2	1991	This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s.	Guanosine Triphosphate	170-173	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1900001-3	1991	We show here that smg p21 GDS forms a complex with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of smg p21B at a molar ratio of about 1:1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1900001-3	1991	We show here that smg p21 GDS forms a complex with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of smg p21B at a molar ratio of about 1:1.	Guanosine Triphosphate	69-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Triphosphate	119-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1900001-6	1991	These results indicate that smg p21 GDS stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21B and thereby regulates its GDP/GTP exchange reaction and its translocation between membranes and cytoplasm.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
1900001-6	1991	These results indicate that smg p21 GDS stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21B and thereby regulates its GDP/GTP exchange reaction and its translocation between membranes and cytoplasm.	Guanosine Triphosphate	113-116	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	351-354	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	351-354	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
1652268-2	1991	Here we present evidence that c-Ha-ras (p21(Gly-12)) and its oncogenic mutant T24-ras (p21(Val-12)) selectively induce omega-conotoxin and dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ currents within a few hours after introduction into the cytoplasm of neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells.	Glycine	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-2	1991	Here we present evidence that c-Ha-ras (p21(Gly-12)) and its oncogenic mutant T24-ras (p21(Val-12)) selectively induce omega-conotoxin and dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ currents within a few hours after introduction into the cytoplasm of neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells.	Glycine	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-2	1991	Here we present evidence that c-Ha-ras (p21(Gly-12)) and its oncogenic mutant T24-ras (p21(Val-12)) selectively induce omega-conotoxin and dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ currents within a few hours after introduction into the cytoplasm of neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells.	val-12	91-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
1652268-2	1991	Here we present evidence that c-Ha-ras (p21(Gly-12)) and its oncogenic mutant T24-ras (p21(Val-12)) selectively induce omega-conotoxin and dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ currents within a few hours after introduction into the cytoplasm of neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells.	val-12	91-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
1652268-2	1991	Here we present evidence that c-Ha-ras (p21(Gly-12)) and its oncogenic mutant T24-ras (p21(Val-12)) selectively induce omega-conotoxin and dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ currents within a few hours after introduction into the cytoplasm of neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells.	1,4-dihydropyridine	139-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
1652268-2	1991	Here we present evidence that c-Ha-ras (p21(Gly-12)) and its oncogenic mutant T24-ras (p21(Val-12)) selectively induce omega-conotoxin and dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ currents within a few hours after introduction into the cytoplasm of neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells.	1,4-dihydropyridine	139-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
1652268-4	1991	In cells loaded with p21(Gly-12), the effect occurred after 2 hours and was terminated after 8 hours.	Glycine	25-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
1652268-5	1991	In contrast, introduction of p21(Val-12) resulted in a prolonged delay (6 hours) of the effect which lasted for more than 24 hours.	val-12	33-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	211-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	62-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	211-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Valine	126-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	211-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Valine	126-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Valine	126-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	211-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Valine	126-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Triphosphate	211-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Valine	266-269	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Valine	266-269	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Valine	266-269	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Valine	266-269	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Valine	266-269	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Glycine	242-245	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1793483-5	1991	It leads to the substitution of glycine by aspartic acid in the resulting p21 protein, a consistent amino acid substitution found so far in all types of human cancer exhibiting a codon 13-mutated Ki-ras gene.	Aspartic Acid	43-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
1793483-5	1991	It leads to the substitution of glycine by aspartic acid in the resulting p21 protein, a consistent amino acid substitution found so far in all types of human cancer exhibiting a codon 13-mutated Ki-ras gene.	Glycine	32-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
1814747-2	1991	Using an ABC immunoencymatic staining technique and a P21-specific monoclonal antibody, SCI-Oncogema I, we have detected the expression of P21 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples from 53 bladder tumors and 7 normal bladder mucosae.	Formaldehyde	146-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
1814747-2	1991	Using an ABC immunoencymatic staining technique and a P21-specific monoclonal antibody, SCI-Oncogema I, we have detected the expression of P21 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples from 53 bladder tumors and 7 normal bladder mucosae.	Paraffin	162-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
1652685-5	1991	Clonal analysis of this population demonstrated that the increased NAb binding was associated with tumorigenic conversion and ras-p21 expression.	nab	67-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	130-133
2245170-5	1990	The p21 expression was greater in patients with advanced (stage III) than in earlier MM (stages I + II) (P less than 0.005), and it was directly related to the BMPC infiltration (r = 0.7; P less than 0.005).	Dimethylol-p-kresol	160-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
2014702-1	1991	A hypothesis presented in the paper discusses the role of valine substitution in p21 protein of H-ras, a product of ras family oncogene.	Valine	58-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
2014702-5	1991	Based on similarity of valine substitution in p21 protein and hemoglobin, a relationship between certain forms of malignant transformation and malaria at molecular level is suggested.	Valine	23-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
2085809-2	1990	The crystal structure of neocarrabiose monohydrate, 3-O-(3,6-anhydro-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranose (C12H20O10.H2O) belongs to the monoclinic space group P2(1), and has a unit cell of dimensions a = 6.351(1), b = 7.675(2), c = 15.096(8) A, and beta = 91.11(1) degree.	neocarrabiose monohydrate	25-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-177
2085809-2	1990	The crystal structure of neocarrabiose monohydrate, 3-O-(3,6-anhydro-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranose (C12H20O10.H2O) belongs to the monoclinic space group P2(1), and has a unit cell of dimensions a = 6.351(1), b = 7.675(2), c = 15.096(8) A, and beta = 91.11(1) degree.	neocarrabiose	52-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	172-177
2199064-1	1990	The X-ray structures of the guanine nucleotide binding domains (amino acids 1-166) of five mutants of the H-ras oncogene product p21 were determined.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
2278880-3	1990	Lovastatin, a competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, may prevent the farnesylation of de novo synthesized ras p21.	Lovastatin	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
2085379-1	1990	The predicted conformation and position of the central transforming region (residues 55-67) of the p21 protein are compared with the conformation and position of this segment in a recently determined X-ray crystal structure of residues 1-166 of this protein in the activated state bound to a nonhydrolyzable GTP derivative.	Guanosine Triphosphate	308-311	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
2146678-1	1990	The ras gene product (p21) is a GTP-binding protein and has been thought to transduce signals regulating proliferation or differentiation of cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
2146678-2	1990	Like other GTP-binding proteins, p21.GTP is an active conformation, which can transduce the signals downstream, whereas p21.GDP is an inactive one.	Guanosine Triphosphate	11-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
2146678-2	1990	Like other GTP-binding proteins, p21.GTP is an active conformation, which can transduce the signals downstream, whereas p21.GDP is an inactive one.	Guanosine Triphosphate	11-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
2146678-2	1990	Like other GTP-binding proteins, p21.GTP is an active conformation, which can transduce the signals downstream, whereas p21.GDP is an inactive one.	Guanosine Triphosphate	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
2146678-2	1990	Like other GTP-binding proteins, p21.GTP is an active conformation, which can transduce the signals downstream, whereas p21.GDP is an inactive one.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
2146678-2	1990	Like other GTP-binding proteins, p21.GTP is an active conformation, which can transduce the signals downstream, whereas p21.GDP is an inactive one.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
2146678-3	1990	Recently, we have shown that p21.GTP levels increased in cells treated with fetal bovine serum or platelet-derived growth factor to initiate DNA synthesis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
2146678-4	1990	In this paper, we report that epidermal growth factor can also increase the amounts of p21.GTP in the cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
2146678-7	1990	We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
2146678-7	1990	We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
2146678-7	1990	We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
2146678-7	1990	We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
2279848-1	1990	The GTP-binding p21 protein, encoded by the ras-oncogene, becomes transforming if amino acid substitutions are made at critical positions in the polypeptide chain, e.g., at Gly 12, Gly 13, Ala 59, Gln 61 and Glu 63.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
2279848-1	1990	The GTP-binding p21 protein, encoded by the ras-oncogene, becomes transforming if amino acid substitutions are made at critical positions in the polypeptide chain, e.g., at Gly 12, Gly 13, Ala 59, Gln 61 and Glu 63.	Glycine	173-176	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
2279848-1	1990	The GTP-binding p21 protein, encoded by the ras-oncogene, becomes transforming if amino acid substitutions are made at critical positions in the polypeptide chain, e.g., at Gly 12, Gly 13, Ala 59, Gln 61 and Glu 63.	Glycine	181-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
2279848-1	1990	The GTP-binding p21 protein, encoded by the ras-oncogene, becomes transforming if amino acid substitutions are made at critical positions in the polypeptide chain, e.g., at Gly 12, Gly 13, Ala 59, Gln 61 and Glu 63.	Alanine	189-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
2279848-1	1990	The GTP-binding p21 protein, encoded by the ras-oncogene, becomes transforming if amino acid substitutions are made at critical positions in the polypeptide chain, e.g., at Gly 12, Gly 13, Ala 59, Gln 61 and Glu 63.	Glutamine	197-200	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
2279848-1	1990	The GTP-binding p21 protein, encoded by the ras-oncogene, becomes transforming if amino acid substitutions are made at critical positions in the polypeptide chain, e.g., at Gly 12, Gly 13, Ala 59, Gln 61 and Glu 63.	Glutamic Acid	208-211	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
2199064-4	1990	Cellular and mutant p21 proteins are almost identical, and the only significant differences are seen in loop L4 and in the vicinity of the gamma-phosphate.	gamma-phosphate	139-154	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
2199064-6	1990	Gln-61 in cellular p21 adopts a conformation where it is able to catalyze GTP hydrolysis.	Glutamine	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
2199064-6	1990	Gln-61 in cellular p21 adopts a conformation where it is able to catalyze GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	74-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
2164357-0	1990	Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of the hydration of Mn(II) in ternary complexes with GDP and ras p21 proteins.	Manganese(2+)	65-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
2164357-2	1990	EPR signals of Mn(II) in the GDP complex with viral-Harvey p21pRAS1 (Arg 12, Thr 59), p21EC (Gly 12, Thr 59), and p21EJ (Val 12, Thr 59) have narrow line-widths that permit ready observation of inhomogeneous broadening from unresolved superhyperfine coupling with the nuclear spin of 17O of directly coordinated oxygen ligands.	Oxygen	312-318	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-67
2164357-1	1990	Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy has been used to determine the hydration numbers of Mn(II) in complexes with GDP and three forms of ras p21.	Manganese(2+)	103-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	155-158
2164357-2	1990	EPR signals of Mn(II) in the GDP complex with viral-Harvey p21pRAS1 (Arg 12, Thr 59), p21EC (Gly 12, Thr 59), and p21EJ (Val 12, Thr 59) have narrow line-widths that permit ready observation of inhomogeneous broadening from unresolved superhyperfine coupling with the nuclear spin of 17O of directly coordinated oxygen ligands.	Manganese(2+)	15-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-67
2164357-2	1990	EPR signals of Mn(II) in the GDP complex with viral-Harvey p21pRAS1 (Arg 12, Thr 59), p21EC (Gly 12, Thr 59), and p21EJ (Val 12, Thr 59) have narrow line-widths that permit ready observation of inhomogeneous broadening from unresolved superhyperfine coupling with the nuclear spin of 17O of directly coordinated oxygen ligands.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-67
2164357-2	1990	EPR signals of Mn(II) in the GDP complex with viral-Harvey p21pRAS1 (Arg 12, Thr 59), p21EC (Gly 12, Thr 59), and p21EJ (Val 12, Thr 59) have narrow line-widths that permit ready observation of inhomogeneous broadening from unresolved superhyperfine coupling with the nuclear spin of 17O of directly coordinated oxygen ligands.	Arginine	69-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-67
2096262-3	1990	ras p21 was overlaid on the vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet transferred from the gel of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	111-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
2196171-0	1990	Refined crystal structure of the triphosphate conformation of H-ras p21 at 1.35 A resolution: implications for the mechanism of GTP hydrolysis.	triphosphoric acid	33-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
2196171-0	1990	Refined crystal structure of the triphosphate conformation of H-ras p21 at 1.35 A resolution: implications for the mechanism of GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	128-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
2196171-1	1990	The crystal structure of the H-ras oncogene protein p21 complexed to the slowly hydrolysing GTP analogue GppNp has been determined at 1.35 A resolution.	Guanosine Triphosphate	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
2096262-3	1990	ras p21 was overlaid on the vesicle proteins immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet transferred from the gel of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.	polyacrylamide	134-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
2157708-7	1990	Taken together, these results point out that Thr82 is in close proximity to the gamma-phosphate of GTP, as in the case of Thr59 in p21.	gamma-phosphate	80-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
2202949-0	1990	Characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific to the activated ras p21 with aspartic acid at position 13.	Aspartic Acid	81-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
2202949-6	1990	Western blot analysis demonstrates that D129 and D146 react specifically with p21 extracted from transformed NIH3T3 fibroblast lines containing aspartic acid at position 13.	Aspartic Acid	144-157	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
2202949-7	1990	These studies also demonstrate that D146 is able to detect the activated p21 with aspartic acid at position 13 that is shed into the culture media.	d146	36-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
2202949-7	1990	These studies also demonstrate that D146 is able to detect the activated p21 with aspartic acid at position 13 that is shed into the culture media.	Aspartic Acid	82-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
2202949-9	1990	Using a sandwich ELISA format, D146 is able to detect the p21 with position 13 aspartic acid from cell extracts and culture fluids.	d146	31-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
2202949-9	1990	Using a sandwich ELISA format, D146 is able to detect the p21 with position 13 aspartic acid from cell extracts and culture fluids.	Aspartic Acid	79-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
2202949-10	1990	The ability of D146 to function in the ELISA format raises the possibility that this assay maybe a quick and effective way of determining the presence of activated p21 with aspartic acid at position 13 in human fluids and tissues.	d146	15-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
2202949-10	1990	The ability of D146 to function in the ELISA format raises the possibility that this assay maybe a quick and effective way of determining the presence of activated p21 with aspartic acid at position 13 in human fluids and tissues.	Aspartic Acid	173-186	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
2115641-3	1990	The Gln 227 site of alpha s corresponds to the Gln 61 site in the low Mw G protein, p21 ras, where the Leu substitution had already been shown to be oncogenic.	Glutamine	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
2115641-3	1990	The Gln 227 site of alpha s corresponds to the Gln 61 site in the low Mw G protein, p21 ras, where the Leu substitution had already been shown to be oncogenic.	Glutamine	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
2115641-3	1990	The Gln 227 site of alpha s corresponds to the Gln 61 site in the low Mw G protein, p21 ras, where the Leu substitution had already been shown to be oncogenic.	Leucine	103-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
2188736-2	1990	Recombinant human ras p21 GAP (GTPase activating protein) at subnanomolar concentrations inhibited GTP-dependent channel opening in isolated atrial cell membranes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
2188736-5	1990	We therefore propose that ras p21 GTP complexed with GAP (ras p21-GAP) blocks K+[ACh] currents.	Guanosine Triphosphate	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
2188736-5	1990	We therefore propose that ras p21 GTP complexed with GAP (ras p21-GAP) blocks K+[ACh] currents.	Guanosine Triphosphate	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
2188736-5	1990	We therefore propose that ras p21 GTP complexed with GAP (ras p21-GAP) blocks K+[ACh] currents.	Acetylcholine	81-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
2188736-5	1990	We therefore propose that ras p21 GTP complexed with GAP (ras p21-GAP) blocks K+[ACh] currents.	Acetylcholine	81-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
2188736-6	1990	The channel block could be overcome by GTP gamma S activation of endogenous Gk; this indicates that ras p21-GAP does not interfere with interaction of Gk with the K+[ACh] channel directly, but prevents coupling of the muscarinic receptor to endogenous Gk.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
2198577-1	1990	The ras gene product (p21) is a GTP-binding protein and is thought to play an important role in signal transduction of growth and differentiation in many types of mammalian cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
2164710-6	1990	Binding of GAP to Rap1A-p21 was strictly guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-dependent.	Guanosine Triphosphate	41-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
2164710-6	1990	Binding of GAP to Rap1A-p21 was strictly guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-dependent.	Guanosine Triphosphate	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
2197592-0	1990	The Ha-ras protein, p21, is modified by a derivative of mevalonate and methyl-esterified when expressed in the insect/baculovirus system.	Mevalonic Acid	56-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
2197592-1	1990	Using the insect/baculovirus expression system, we demonstrate the incorporation of [3H]mevalonate and [3H]methyl groups into recombinant c-Ha-ras protein (p21).	[3h]mevalonate	84-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
2197592-1	1990	Using the insect/baculovirus expression system, we demonstrate the incorporation of [3H]mevalonate and [3H]methyl groups into recombinant c-Ha-ras protein (p21).	Tritium	85-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
2197592-3	1990	It is highly likely that the insect expression system recognizes the C-terminal CAAX Motif in p21, incorporates the mevalonate into the recently described polyisoprenylation modification and carboxyl-methylates the protein.	Mevalonic Acid	116-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
2200519-4	1990	By use of a nonequilibrium competition method, guanosine and GMP have been shown to interact weakly but significantly with p21 (dissociation constants of 153 and 29 microM, respectively).	Guanosine	47-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
2200519-4	1990	By use of a nonequilibrium competition method, guanosine and GMP have been shown to interact weakly but significantly with p21 (dissociation constants of 153 and 29 microM, respectively).	guanosine 5'-monophosphorothioate	61-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	123-126
2200519-5	1990	The presence of guanosine or GMP at the active site of p21 leads to a marked stabilization of p21 against spontaneous denaturation when compared with the nucleotide- and nucleoside-free protein.	Guanosine	16-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
2200519-5	1990	The presence of guanosine or GMP at the active site of p21 leads to a marked stabilization of p21 against spontaneous denaturation when compared with the nucleotide- and nucleoside-free protein.	Guanosine	16-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
2200519-5	1990	The presence of guanosine or GMP at the active site of p21 leads to a marked stabilization of p21 against spontaneous denaturation when compared with the nucleotide- and nucleoside-free protein.	guanosine 5'-monophosphorothioate	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
2200519-5	1990	The presence of guanosine or GMP at the active site of p21 leads to a marked stabilization of p21 against spontaneous denaturation when compared with the nucleotide- and nucleoside-free protein.	guanosine 5'-monophosphorothioate	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
2200519-5	1990	The presence of guanosine or GMP at the active site of p21 leads to a marked stabilization of p21 against spontaneous denaturation when compared with the nucleotide- and nucleoside-free protein.	Nucleosides	170-180	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
2200519-5	1990	The presence of guanosine or GMP at the active site of p21 leads to a marked stabilization of p21 against spontaneous denaturation when compared with the nucleotide- and nucleoside-free protein.	Nucleosides	170-180	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
2111463-0	1990	Time-resolved X-ray crystallographic study of the conformational change in Ha-Ras p21 protein on GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
2111463-1	1990	Crystals of Ha-Ras p21 with caged GTP at the active site have been used to investigate the conformational changes of p21 on GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
2111463-1	1990	Crystals of Ha-Ras p21 with caged GTP at the active site have been used to investigate the conformational changes of p21 on GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	124-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
2111463-1	1990	Crystals of Ha-Ras p21 with caged GTP at the active site have been used to investigate the conformational changes of p21 on GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	124-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
2111463-2	1990	The structure of the short-lived p21.GTP complex was determined by Laue diffraction methods.	Guanosine Triphosphate	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
2158984-4	1990	The GTP-bound form of smg p21, however, inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21 in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
2158984-4	1990	The GTP-bound form of smg p21, however, inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21 in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
2158984-4	1990	The GTP-bound form of smg p21, however, inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21 in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
2158984-6	1990	The GDP-bound form also inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21, but the efficiency was 40-50% that of the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
2158984-6	1990	The GDP-bound form also inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21, but the efficiency was 40-50% that of the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
2158984-6	1990	The GDP-bound form also inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21, but the efficiency was 40-50% that of the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Triphosphate	61-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
2158984-6	1990	The GDP-bound form also inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21, but the efficiency was 40-50% that of the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Triphosphate	61-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
2157708-7	1990	Taken together, these results point out that Thr82 is in close proximity to the gamma-phosphate of GTP, as in the case of Thr59 in p21.	Guanosine Triphosphate	99-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
2157708-8	1990	These results are in agreement with the observations derived from x-ray diffraction analysis that the tertiary structure of the GTP-binding domain of elongation factor Tu and that of p21 are similar.	Guanosine Triphosphate	128-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
2108052-5	1990	Selective excitation of the single tryptophan in p21 produced a decrease in fluorescence intensity which was accompanied by a blue shift in the wavelength of maximum emission on nucleotide exchange.	Tryptophan	35-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
2235101-6	1990	p21 was examined with avidin-biotin linked immunoperoxidase visualization.	avidin-biotin	22-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
2191717-0	1990	NMR study of the phosphoryl binding loop in purine nucleotide proteins: evidence for strong hydrogen bonding in human N-ras p21.	purine	44-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
2191717-0	1990	NMR study of the phosphoryl binding loop in purine nucleotide proteins: evidence for strong hydrogen bonding in human N-ras p21.	Hydrogen	92-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
2405906-7	1990	In solution, the p21-bound GDP.Mg2+ has an anti conformation, and the phenyl ring of Phe28 is close to the ribose of the bound GDP.Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
2405906-7	1990	In solution, the p21-bound GDP.Mg2+ has an anti conformation, and the phenyl ring of Phe28 is close to the ribose of the bound GDP.Mg2+.	magnesium ion	31-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
2405906-7	1990	In solution, the p21-bound GDP.Mg2+ has an anti conformation, and the phenyl ring of Phe28 is close to the ribose of the bound GDP.Mg2+.	Ribose	107-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
2405906-7	1990	In solution, the p21-bound GDP.Mg2+ has an anti conformation, and the phenyl ring of Phe28 is close to the ribose of the bound GDP.Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
2405906-7	1990	In solution, the p21-bound GDP.Mg2+ has an anti conformation, and the phenyl ring of Phe28 is close to the ribose of the bound GDP.Mg2+.	magnesium ion	131-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
2180382-1	1990	The ras oncogene product, ras p21, is structurally homologous to guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, which play an important role in transmembrane signaling systems.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
2192633-3	1990	The newly developed assay for quantitative determination of ras protooncogene expression which utilizes affinity labeling of ras p21 with [alpha-32P]GTP can effectively demonstrate the presence of ras protooncogene expression in explant cultures of human mammary tissues.	[alpha-32p]gtp	138-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
34971958-8	2022	However, oridonin did not affect SA beta-gal activity and enhanced the expression of p21.	oridonin	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
33939887-10	2021	Breast tissue-occurring metabolites" antiproliferation was mainly exerted in p53-wild-type MCF-7 cells by curcuminoids through cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis induction via p53/p21 induction, while isoflavone-derived metabolites exerted estrogenic-like activity.	Diarylheptanoids	106-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
33939887-10	2021	Breast tissue-occurring metabolites" antiproliferation was mainly exerted in p53-wild-type MCF-7 cells by curcuminoids through cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis induction via p53/p21 induction, while isoflavone-derived metabolites exerted estrogenic-like activity.	Isoflavones	211-221	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
33821368-11	2021	Ozone induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, which could be elucidated by the change of protein levels of p53, p21, Cyclin D1, cyclin B1, cdc2, and CDK4.	Ozone	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
33799486-8	2021	Increased p21 expression was observed with both calcium and Aquamin .	Calcium	48-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	10-13
26628962-3	2015	To identify the detailed mechanism, we examined the functional importance of p21 and p53 in DPA-induced anticancer effect.	dpa	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
26628962-6	2015	Additionally, Western blot showed that DPA treatment induced the p21, p53, and cyclin-E protein expressions in HCT-116 cells.	dpa	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
26628962-7	2015	The p21 associated cell cycle regulatory protein such as cyclin D, CDK4, and pRb were decreased after DPA treatment in HCT-116 cells.	dpa	102-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
26628962-10	2015	We assumed that p21 was required for DPA-induced anti-colon cancer effect through the Erk and p38 pathway leading to cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell motility.	dpa	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
26628962-13	2015	This is the first pharmacokinetic study of DPA, and indicated that anti-proliferation and the cell mobility inhibition effects of DPA in HCT116 WT cells may result from the induction of p21 through activation of ERK and p38 pathway.	dpa	43-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
26628962-13	2015	This is the first pharmacokinetic study of DPA, and indicated that anti-proliferation and the cell mobility inhibition effects of DPA in HCT116 WT cells may result from the induction of p21 through activation of ERK and p38 pathway.	dpa	130-133	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
22944197-9	2013	Vorinostat induced G2/M arrest, an increase in the sub-G1 fraction, up-regulation of p21, and down-regulation of TS in all UCC.	Vorinostat	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
34971743-7	2022	Upon exploring the underlying mechanism by which lincRNA-p21 mediates benzene-induced hematotoxicity, we observed that the negative regulation of 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) on cell cycle arrest and inhibition of K562 cell proliferation was partially relieved by lincRNA-p21 knockdown, which can inhibit the expression of P21 and thereby suppress the toxic effects of 1,4-BQ.	Benzene	70-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	320-323
34971743-7	2022	Upon exploring the underlying mechanism by which lincRNA-p21 mediates benzene-induced hematotoxicity, we observed that the negative regulation of 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) on cell cycle arrest and inhibition of K562 cell proliferation was partially relieved by lincRNA-p21 knockdown, which can inhibit the expression of P21 and thereby suppress the toxic effects of 1,4-BQ.	quinone	146-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	320-323
34971743-7	2022	Upon exploring the underlying mechanism by which lincRNA-p21 mediates benzene-induced hematotoxicity, we observed that the negative regulation of 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) on cell cycle arrest and inhibition of K562 cell proliferation was partially relieved by lincRNA-p21 knockdown, which can inhibit the expression of P21 and thereby suppress the toxic effects of 1,4-BQ.	quinone	164-170	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	320-323
34971743-7	2022	Upon exploring the underlying mechanism by which lincRNA-p21 mediates benzene-induced hematotoxicity, we observed that the negative regulation of 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) on cell cycle arrest and inhibition of K562 cell proliferation was partially relieved by lincRNA-p21 knockdown, which can inhibit the expression of P21 and thereby suppress the toxic effects of 1,4-BQ.	quinone	366-372	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	320-323
34971743-9	2022	In conclusion, our research suggested that benzene induces hematotoxicity via the lincRNA-p21/miRNA-17-5p/p21 signaling which might contribute to the underlying mechanism of lincRNA-p21 in benzene-induced hematotoxicity.	Benzene	43-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
34971743-9	2022	In conclusion, our research suggested that benzene induces hematotoxicity via the lincRNA-p21/miRNA-17-5p/p21 signaling which might contribute to the underlying mechanism of lincRNA-p21 in benzene-induced hematotoxicity.	Benzene	189-196	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
34800264-0	2022	Metoprolol Protects Against Arginine Vasopressin-Induced Cellular Senescence in H9C2 Cardiomyocytes by Regulating the Sirt1/p53/p21 Axis.	Metoprolol	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
34800264-9	2022	Finally, Metoprolol was able to downregulate the AVP-induced expression of acetylated p53 and p21.	Metoprolol	9-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
34697424-1	2022	The p21-Activated Kinases (PAKs) are a family of six serine/threonine kinases that were originally identified as downstream effectors of the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac.	Serine	53-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
33941774-8	2021	By activating the P53/P21 pathway, APG-115 exhibited potent antiproliferative and apoptogenic activities, and induced cell cycle arrest, in TP53 wild-type AML lines.	AA-115	35-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
33817171-4	2019	The activation of AMPKalpha induced changes of downstream proteins, including increase of P53 phosphorylation and P21 production, as well as decrease of mTOR phosphorylation, that eventually inhibited C6 cells growth.	ampkalpha	18-27	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
16287099-8	2006	Inhibition of E6-mediated p53 proteasomal degradation by MG132 resulted in elevated levels of active p53 as demonstrated by p53 small interfering RNA (siRNA) sensitive p21 upregulation.	benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde	57-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	168-171
11931974-0	2002	Vanadate-induced cell growth arrest is p53-dependent through activation of p21 in C141 cells.	Vanadates	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
11931974-10	2002	Western blotting analysis demonstrated that vanadate caused a dose- and time-dependent increase of p21 level in C141 cells.	Vanadates	44-52	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
11931974-11	2002	Pretreatment of C141 cells with PFT decreased p21 expression induced by vanadate while the p21 expression did not vary in vanadate stimulated p53 -/- cells.	Vanadates	72-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
11931974-12	2002	The results obtained from the present study suggest that vanadate is able to induce S phase arrest through p53- and p21-dependent pathway.	Vanadates	57-65	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
34843865-1	2022	We report a novel topoisomerase IIalpha inhibitor, mercaptopyridine oxide (MPO), which induces G2/M arrest and senescence with distinctly different cell cycle regulators (p21 or p14ARF) in HCT116p 53WT and HCT116 p53-/- cells, respectively.	mercaptopyridine oxide	51-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
34843865-1	2022	We report a novel topoisomerase IIalpha inhibitor, mercaptopyridine oxide (MPO), which induces G2/M arrest and senescence with distinctly different cell cycle regulators (p21 or p14ARF) in HCT116p 53WT and HCT116 p53-/- cells, respectively.	mpo	75-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
34728235-3	2022	AZD2461/UCN-01 combination activated p53/p21 and downregulated c-Myc in these cells, leading to a reduced expression level of RAD51, molecule involved in DNA repair.	AZD2461	0-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	41-44
34856803-5	2022	SM in Xadago in the high-humidity environment undergoes phase transformation to the P21 form which can be easily reversed just by heating up to 80  C. For the commercial form of the API, there is also a reversible thermal transformation observed between Z" = 1   Z" = 3 crystallographic forms in the 0-20  C temperature range.	safinamide	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
34856803-5	2022	SM in Xadago in the high-humidity environment undergoes phase transformation to the P21 form which can be easily reversed just by heating up to 80  C. For the commercial form of the API, there is also a reversible thermal transformation observed between Z" = 1   Z" = 3 crystallographic forms in the 0-20  C temperature range.	safinamide	6-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
34772529-5	2022	Mechanistically, MIR002 and GEM144 induced acetylation of p53, activation of p21, G1/S cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis.	gem144	28-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
34728235-4	2022	The effect of AZD2461/UCN-01 on c-Myc and p53/p21 was inter-dependent and, besides impairing cell proliferation, contributed to the activation of the replicative cycle of KSHV, carried in a latent state in PEL cells.	AZD2461	14-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	46-49
34826438-9	2022	Moreover, veratramine was sufficient to affect the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway and its downstream Mdm2/p53/p21 pathway in human glioblastoma cell lines.	veratramine	10-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
34783124-8	2022	Moreover, ginsenoside Rg1 treatment before doxorubicin activates the DNA damage response elements (ATM, H2AX, RAD51, and XRCC1) and subsequent apoptosis-related gene expression (p21, TP53.	Doxorubicin	43-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	178-181
34826438-10	2022	SIGNIFICANCE: Antitumor effects of veratramine in suppression of glioma progression was mediated by the regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Mdm2/p53/p21 signaling pathway.	veratramine	35-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
34945706-7	2021	An increment in p53 and p21 expression stimulated by GTE was observed in MCF-7, and the opposite phenomenon was found in MDA-MB-231 cells, with a redistribution of mutant-p53 from the nucleus and no differences in p21 levels.	epigallocatechin gallate	53-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
34920321-6	2022	PURPOSE: To demonstrate the proliferative inhibitory potential of brazilin in human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) with concurrent mitigation of DNMT1 functional expression and to understand its effect on downstream targets like cell cycle inhibitor p21.	brazilin	66-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	251-254
34920321-17	2022	Furthermore, the brazilin restored the p21 levels in the exposed cells as the CpGs in the p21 promoter (-128 bp/+17 bp) were significantly demethylated as observed in the methylation-specific PCR (MSP).	brazilin	17-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
34920321-17	2022	Furthermore, the brazilin restored the p21 levels in the exposed cells as the CpGs in the p21 promoter (-128 bp/+17 bp) were significantly demethylated as observed in the methylation-specific PCR (MSP).	brazilin	17-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
34820007-6	2022	Isoliensinine was found to induce cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase by upregulating p21 expression and downregulating CDK2 and cyclin E in breast cancer cells.	isoliensinine	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
34932948-4	2021	The clearance of EpiSCs with DSBs is caused by selective differentiation and delamination through the DNA damage response (DDR)-p53-Notch/p21 axis, with the downregulation of ITGB1.	dsbs	29-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
34970530-8	2021	Mechanistically, 2b induced apoptosis-dependent anticancer effect (43%) higher than that of 5-fluorouracil (34.95%) in three studied cancer cell lines, activated p53 (47%), downregulated the Bcl2 gene (1.25-fold), and upregulated p21 (2-fold) in the treated cancer cells.	Fluorouracil	92-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	230-233
34921996-0	2022	Repurposing gestrinone for tumor suppressor through P21 reduction regulated by JNK in gynecological cancer.	Gestrinone	12-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	52-55
34921996-10	2022	Cellular experiments verified the anti-cancer effects of gestrinone, which effectively and specifically inhibited the growth of HeLa cervical cancer cells, decreased P21 expression via JNK phosphorylation, and induced apoptosis.	Gestrinone	57-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	166-169
34921996-11	2022	Combining the results of clinical database analysis and cell experiments, our findings prove that gestrinone has the potential to protect against cancer through regulation of the JNK-P21 axis.	Gestrinone	98-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	183-186
34923957-16	2021	GLA reduced the expression of cell cycle-related proteins CCNB1, CCND1, CCND2, and CCND3 and increased the expression of p21 in MM cell lines.	glaucocalyxin A	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
34912007-11	2021	The mRNA and protein levels of p73 target genes (PML, p21 and Bax) were all increased by UVB but decreased by silibinin co-treatment.	Silybin	110-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
34733363-6	2021	TMZ enhanced the autophagic response and senescence, which was mediated via the p53 and p21 pathways.	Temozolomide	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
34879876-12	2021	Furthermore, in an H2O2 stress-induced premature senescence condition, WNT16 treatment increased cell senescence in AS-osteoprogenitor cells and WNT16 treatment under the H2O2 stress condition showed an increase in p21 protein and SASP mRNA expression.	Hydrogen Peroxide	19-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	215-218
34879876-12	2021	Furthermore, in an H2O2 stress-induced premature senescence condition, WNT16 treatment increased cell senescence in AS-osteoprogenitor cells and WNT16 treatment under the H2O2 stress condition showed an increase in p21 protein and SASP mRNA expression.	Hydrogen Peroxide	171-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	215-218
34658297-0	2021	Polyphyllin I, a lethal partner of Palbociclib, suppresses non-small cell lung cancer through activation of p21/CDK2/Rb pathway in vitro and in vivo.	polyphyllin I	0-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
34658297-7	2021	Mechanistically, PPI can inhibit Rb through the p21/CDK2/Rb signaling pathway in NSCLC.	Rubidium	33-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
34855924-0	2021	Retraction: miR-24-3p Suppresses Malignant Behavior of Lacrimal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma by Targeting PRKCH to Regulate p53/p21 Pathway.	mir-24-3p	12-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
34895043-9	2021	Lastly, the expression level of p21 and p53 was greatly elevated in chondrocytes by stimulation with TNF-alpha which was then pronouncedly repressed by treatment with Celecoxib.	Celecoxib	167-176	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
34288819-9	2021	Thirdly, Anagliptin dramatically reversed the upregulated p16, p21, and downregulated sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in IL-1beta-treated vascular smooth muscle cells.	anagliptin	9-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
33757397-4	2021	Our results suggested that aldosterone treatment increased the senescence and oxidative stress as evidenced by increased percent of SA-beta-Gal positive cells, reactive oxygen species level, expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) rather than NOX2, and the up-regulation of p21 in cultured PTC.	Aldosterone	27-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	271-274
34663173-10	2021	Expressions of p16, p21, TXNIP, NLRP3, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-1 in H2O2-treated HUVECs were inhibited by Gen, while the inhibition as such was partially reversed by overexpressed TXNIP.	Hydrogen Peroxide	82-86	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
34663173-10	2021	Expressions of p16, p21, TXNIP, NLRP3, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-1 in H2O2-treated HUVECs were inhibited by Gen, while the inhibition as such was partially reversed by overexpressed TXNIP.	Genistein	120-123	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
34845672-9	2021	Enhanced MSC expansion with SB203580 therapy was associated with the lower expression of CDKIs like p15, p18, p19, p21, p27, and p57.	SB 203580	28-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
34853352-4	2021	H2O2 treated pre-adipocytes and adipocytes showed typical senescence-associated features including increased beta-galactosidase activity (SA-ss-gal) and p21, activation of ROS and increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.	Hydrogen Peroxide	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
34730462-0	2021	Polymorphisms of the AS3MT gene are associated with arsenic methylation capacity and damage to the P21 gene in arsenic trioxide plant workers.	Arsenic Trioxide	111-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
34730462-7	2021	In our study, we investigate whether polymorphisms of the AS3MT gene alter As methylation capacity and adversely affect the P21 gene in arsenic trioxide plant workers.	Arsenic Trioxide	136-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
34730462-10	2021	The results showed that DNA damage in P21 gene fragments was greater in those individuals exposed to high levels of As.	Arsenic	116-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
34730462-11	2021	There was a strong positive correlation between the DNA damage to P21 gene fragments and the percentage of MMA in urine.	mma	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
34730462-12	2021	However, DNA damage in P21 gene fragments was negatively associated with the percentage of DMA in urine (%uDMA), primary methylation index (PMI), and secondary methylation index.	dma	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
34730462-12	2021	However, DNA damage in P21 gene fragments was negatively associated with the percentage of DMA in urine (%uDMA), primary methylation index (PMI), and secondary methylation index.	UDMA	106-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
34827693-10	2021	VIP116 and combination treatment increased p53 levels with subsequent induction of p21, Bax and cleaved caspase 3.	vip116	0-6	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	83-86
34856488-5	2021	The results showed that endosulfan significantly promoted cell proliferation, accompanied with the decrease of p27 mRNA expression and the increase in the mRNA expression levels of p21 and inflammatory factors IL-6/IL-8.	Endosulfan	24-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
34887234-5	2021	The prediction was that treated water would result in increased cell proliferation, that more cells would enter the cell cycle growth phase, and that there would be increased expression of genes (NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2) associated with improved cell growth and decreased expression of genes (p16, p21, and p53) associated with a decline in cell growth.	Water	32-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	295-298
34607979-6	2021	Accordingly, the p27 and p21 promoter activities were enhanced while Bcl-2 and IL-6 activities were significantly reduced by metformin treatment.	Metformin	125-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
34795783-6	2021	Low-dose oridonin induced GC cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 and cell senescence by suppressing the c-Myc-AP4 pathway and enhancing p53-p21 signaling.	oridonin	9-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
34722233-0	2021	CircFAM114A2 Promotes Cisplatin Sensitivity via miR-222-3p/P27 and miR-146a-5p/P21 Cascades in Urothelial Carcinoma.	Cisplatin	22-31	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
34233525-5	2021	The expression of cyclin D1 in megestrol acetate treated cells was downregulated, while the expressions of p21 and p16 were upregulated via PR-B isoform.	Megestrol Acetate	31-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
34912912-12	2021	Moreover, kombucha increased the expression levels of p21, p53, and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein genes (2, 2.5, and 1.5 fold, respectively) while it decreased Bcl-2 gene expression level (5-8 fold) compared with doxorubicin alone.	Doxorubicin	239-250	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
34680153-9	2021	The IDO inhibitor 1-DL-methyl-tryptophan ameliorated the DDR; decreased p21, p16, and SA-beta-Gal activity; restored cell proliferation; and decreased IL-6 production.	1-dl-methyl-tryptophan	18-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	72-75
34270989-6	2021	Consistent with the in vivo findings, high glucose induced endothelial senescence, impaired endothelial function and elevated DDR1 expression, accompanied by the elevation of senescence-related genes p53 and p21 expression, and these effects were reversed by DDR1 siRNA.	Glucose	43-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	208-211
34680118-7	2021	The phenolic acid induced modifications in levels of HO-1, non-proteic thiol groups, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, reactive oxygen species, and p21.	phenolic acid	4-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
34680118-0	2021	Protocatechuic Acid, a Simple Plant Secondary Metabolite, Induced Apoptosis by Promoting Oxidative Stress through HO-1 Downregulation and p21 Upregulation in Colon Cancer Cells.	protocatechuic acid	0-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
34270989-9	2021	In conclusion, our data demonstrated that miR-199a-3p/DDR1/p53/p21 signaling pathway was involved in endothelial senescence under diabetic conditions, and therapeutic targeting DDR1 would be exploited to inhibit endothelial senescence owing to high glucose exposure.	Glucose	249-256	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
34303663-6	2021	Pimozide induced G1 cell cycle arrest concomitant with the upregulation of p21/p27/p53, and suppression of cyclin D2/E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2/4/6 and c-Myc expression, and pRb phosphorylation.	Pimozide	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
34411980-11	2021	Combination studies revealed that both compounds had synergistic effects (combination index CI < 1) on Cis and Eto through induction of apoptosis (p53 activation and up-regulation of BAX and p21 gene expression).	Etoposide	111-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	191-194
34639072-8	2021	Violacein induced nuclear condensation, dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activated the caspase cascade, and upregulated p53 and p21.	violacein	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	201-204
34255251-7	2021	Real-time RT-PCR indicated that the co-administration of Schiff base oxovanadium complex 40 microg/ml and arsenic trioxide 0.001 microM could increase the expression of P53 and P21 genes by 3.76 +- 0.19 and 6.57 +- 1.29 fold change, respectively to the control sample.	schiff base oxovanadium complex	57-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
34255251-7	2021	Real-time RT-PCR indicated that the co-administration of Schiff base oxovanadium complex 40 microg/ml and arsenic trioxide 0.001 microM could increase the expression of P53 and P21 genes by 3.76 +- 0.19 and 6.57 +- 1.29 fold change, respectively to the control sample.	Arsenic Trioxide	106-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	177-180
34669117-10	2021	In addition, genistein upregulated Phospho-cdc2, Myt1, Cyclin A, Cyclin E2, p21 and Phospho-histone H3, but downregulated Phospho-wee1.	Genistein	13-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
34638959-4	2021	Moreover, Morusin significantly increased G1 arrest, attenuated the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin D3, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) and upregulated p21 and p27 in Hep3B and Huh7 cells.	morusin	10-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	235-238
34504568-12	2021	Furthermore, C5aRA prevented DOX-induced cellular senescence and decreased the levels of positive SA-beta-gal staining in H9c2 and AC16 cardiomyocytes, in addition to downregulating the expression levels of p53, p16, p21 and IGFBP3.	Doxorubicin	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
34638895-10	2021	In addition, BCP induced apoptosis through downregulation of HSP60, HTRA, survivin, and XIAP, along with the upregulation of p21 expressions.	caryophyllene	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
34284139-4	2021	IGFBP3 knockdown in MESCs committed to H2O2-induced senescence led to partial abrogation of p21/Rb axis, to elevated ERK phosphorylation and to increase in SA-beta-gal activity.	Hydrogen Peroxide	39-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
34698060-5	2021	The markers for apoptosis (Caspase3/9) and cell senescence (p21/p16), reported to be expressed in aged or resting phase follicles, were significantly reduced by D-panthenol.	dexpanthenol	161-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
34504274-4	2021	Treatment of cells with KS15 and SR8278 protected cells against the anti-proliferative effects of cisplatin and increased the expression of NER factor XPA and cell cycle regulators Wee1 and p21 at the mRNA and protein level.	KS15	24-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
34504274-4	2021	Treatment of cells with KS15 and SR8278 protected cells against the anti-proliferative effects of cisplatin and increased the expression of NER factor XPA and cell cycle regulators Wee1 and p21 at the mRNA and protein level.	SR 8278	33-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
34816661-9	2021	Inhibition of miR-670-5p decreased MMP-2 protein expression (P<0.05), increased P21 and E-cadherin expressions (P<0.05), and inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells (P<0.05).	mir-670-5p	14-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
34647281-7	2021	Furthermore, D-galactose increased the mRNA expression of p16, p21, and p53.	Galactose	13-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
34659819-12	2021	Similarly, the miR-488-5p inhibitor induced the expression of P53 and P21 than normal control (NC) group in which miR-488-5p expression was normal, while P53 KD prevented the effects of the miR-488-5p inhibitor in KYSE-150 cells.	mir-488-5p	15-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
34659819-12	2021	Similarly, the miR-488-5p inhibitor induced the expression of P53 and P21 than normal control (NC) group in which miR-488-5p expression was normal, while P53 KD prevented the effects of the miR-488-5p inhibitor in KYSE-150 cells.	mir-488	190-197	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
34659819-12	2021	Similarly, the miR-488-5p inhibitor induced the expression of P53 and P21 than normal control (NC) group in which miR-488-5p expression was normal, while P53 KD prevented the effects of the miR-488-5p inhibitor in KYSE-150 cells.	CHEMBL3740941	198-200	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
34478011-6	2021	Among tested cells, NALM-6 cells had the highest sensitivity to Britannin, and this agent was able to induce p21/p27-mediated G1 cell cycle arrest and Reactive Oxygen Specious (ROS)-mediated apoptotic cell death in this cell line.	britannin	64-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
34074418-2	2021	Herein, we reported a low cost and sensitive SERS sensing platform for simultaneous p21 mRNA and miRNA-21 detection based on duplex-specific nuclease signal amplification (DSNSA) plus multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs).	ferryl iron	200-205	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
34074418-2	2021	Herein, we reported a low cost and sensitive SERS sensing platform for simultaneous p21 mRNA and miRNA-21 detection based on duplex-specific nuclease signal amplification (DSNSA) plus multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs).	Silicon Dioxide	206-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
34074418-2	2021	Herein, we reported a low cost and sensitive SERS sensing platform for simultaneous p21 mRNA and miRNA-21 detection based on duplex-specific nuclease signal amplification (DSNSA) plus multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs).	ferryl iron	235-240	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
34074418-5	2021	Under the assistance of the target p21 mRNA and miRNA-21, DNA (CP) of the DNA-RNA heteroduplexes could be specifically degraded by DSN and the SERS nanotags that were released from the surface of Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs.	ferryl iron	196-201	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
34146926-7	2021	Delta9-THC and Delta8-THC also downregulated cyclin D1, p53, NOXA, PUMAalpha, and DRAM expressions but increased p21 and H2AX expression.	Dronabinol	7-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
34146926-7	2021	Delta9-THC and Delta8-THC also downregulated cyclin D1, p53, NOXA, PUMAalpha, and DRAM expressions but increased p21 and H2AX expression.	Dronabinol	22-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
34697742-5	2021	Phosphorylation of AMPKalpha, expression of p21 and replication of mtDNA was also promoted in MG-63 and U2-OS cells on treatment with IXNP.	Magnesium	94-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
34697742-5	2021	Phosphorylation of AMPKalpha, expression of p21 and replication of mtDNA was also promoted in MG-63 and U2-OS cells on treatment with IXNP.	ixnp	134-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
34298093-7	2021	Heme-iron induced lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation by interacting with Nox4-independent mechanisms, promoting p53/p21 activity and cellular senescence.	Heme	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
34298093-7	2021	Heme-iron induced lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation by interacting with Nox4-independent mechanisms, promoting p53/p21 activity and cellular senescence.	Iron	5-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
34353903-2	2021	Previous studies of human cells indicated that acute depletion of Ki-67 can elicit a delay at the G1/S boundary of the cell cycle, dependent on induction of the checkpoint protein p21.	ki-67	66-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	180-183
34540000-0	2021	Icaritin induces cellular senescence by accumulating the ROS production and regulation of the Jak2/Stat3/p21 pathway in imatinib-resistant, chronic myeloid leukemia cells.	icaritin	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	105-108
34160250-4	2021	Introduction of BRD4 inhibitor AZD5153 to senescent epithelial cells reversed this effect and reduced SASP related inflammatory molecule release in TMNK-1 or EAhy926 as representative human endothelial cell line, when exposed to cell culture medium (CM) derived from A549 cells expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, also exhibited a senescence phenotype with enhanced p16, p21, SA-beta-galactosidase expression, and triggered SASP pathways.	AZD5153	31-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	372-375
34436310-0	2021	Largazole Inhibits Ocular Angiogenesis by Modulating the Expression of VEGFR2 and p21.	largazole	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
34436310-8	2021	Mechanistically, Largazole strongly inhibits the expression of VEGFR2 and leads to an increased expression of cell cycle inhibitor, p21.	largazole	17-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
34540000-8	2021	The results showed that icaritin inhibited cell growth and induced cell senescence in imatinib-resistant CML cells, which is associated with the regulation of the JAK2/STAT3/P21 axis and accompanied by the accumulation of ROS.	icaritin	24-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
34540000-8	2021	The results showed that icaritin inhibited cell growth and induced cell senescence in imatinib-resistant CML cells, which is associated with the regulation of the JAK2/STAT3/P21 axis and accompanied by the accumulation of ROS.	Imatinib Mesylate	86-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
34364983-10	2022	In addition, EZH2 was highly enriched in the promoter region of p21, and knockdown of p21 expression could rescue the effect of miR-144-3p on SMC proliferation and apoptosis.	mir-144-3p	128-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
34364983-10	2022	In addition, EZH2 was highly enriched in the promoter region of p21, and knockdown of p21 expression could rescue the effect of miR-144-3p on SMC proliferation and apoptosis.	mir-144-3p	128-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
34344977-6	2021	Our results showed an increase of both p16 and p21 mRNA restricted to the infarct area in the tMCAo brain.	tmcao	94-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
34296537-12	2021	It was also found that Ramelteon reduced the expressions of p21 and p53.	ramelteon	23-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
34294987-5	2021	The initial relaxation time of T21 was decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and the peak ration of P21 was increased significantly (P < 0.05) when treated at 200 and 300 MPa, that indicated the water was bound tightly and the ratio of immobilized water was increased.	Water	193-198	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
34190396-3	2021	The results confirmed that hepatocyte senescence occurred in HFD-fed Golden hamsters and PA-treated LO2 cells as manifested by increased levels of senescence marker SA-beta-gal, p16 and p21, heterochromatin marker H3K9me3, DNA damage marker gamma-H2AX and decreased activity of telomerase.	Protactinium	89-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	186-189
34164906-6	2021	In metformin-treated cells, MALAT1 knock-down increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio and enhanced p21 but decreased cyclin B1 expression.	Metformin	3-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
34294987-5	2021	The initial relaxation time of T21 was decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and the peak ration of P21 was increased significantly (P < 0.05) when treated at 200 and 300 MPa, that indicated the water was bound tightly and the ratio of immobilized water was increased.	Water	246-251	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
34367464-10	2021	In conclusion, we provide mechanistic evidence that AOPPs may induce cell cycle arrest in granulosa cells via the ROS-JNK/p38 MAPK-p21 pathway and thus may be a novel biomarker of POI.	Reactive Oxygen Species	114-117	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
34316328-8	2021	Both H727 and H720 cells were associated with induction of apoptosis, upregulation of the p21 cell cycle inhibitor, and downregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, suggesting that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is a primary target of the AZ+SFN combination therapy.	Acetazolamide	234-236	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	90-93
34285189-17	2021	Taken together, p21-mediated premature senescence might be used by tumor cells to escape from CIR-induced cytotoxicity, at least for a time.	Citrulline	94-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
34405017-0	2021	HOTAIR promotes gefitinib resistance through modification of EZH2 and silencing p16 and p21 in non-small cell lung cancer.	Gefitinib	16-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
34405020-8	2021	5-Aza also increased p53 and p21 transcription through promoter demethylation, and decreased the expression of oncogene c-Myc in 22RV1 and LNCaP cells.	Azacitidine	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
34405020-11	2021	Thus, in responsible for its apoptotic induction and DNA damage, the mechanism of the antitumor activities of 5-Aza may involve in an increase of tumor suppressive maspin, upregulation of wild type p53-mediated p21 expression and a decrease of oncogene c-Myc level in 22RV1 and LNCaP cells, and enhancing the tumor suppressive maspin expression in DU145 cells.	Azacitidine	110-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	211-214
34704055-3	2021	Here, we present studies on short analogues of p21 peptides (143-151) conformationally constrained with a covalent linker between i, i + 4 separated cysteine residues at positions 145 and 149 to access peptidomimetics that target PCNA.	Peptides	51-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
34230134-8	2021	Induction of p21, and caspase-3, -8, and -9 cleavages, while down-regulation of cyclin B1 and cyclin D1 were observed in TOFA-treated cells.	5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furancarboxylic acid	121-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	13-16
34298945-6	2021	D-Gal treatment significantly increased the expression levels of senescence markers, such as p53 and p21, in the heart and hippocampal tissues, while this effect was reversed in the Lico D-treated animals.	Galactose	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
34277403-1	2021	Our previous studies have demonstrated that Enzalutamide-induced upregulation of long non-coding RNA p21 (lncRNA-p21) facilitates prostate cancer (PCa) neuroendocrine differentiation (NED).	enzalutamide	44-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
34105888-10	2021	Mechanistically, LINC00525 epigenetically suppressed p21 transcription by guiding Enhancer Of Zeste 2 Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Subunit (EZH2) to the p21 promoter through an formation of RNA-DNA triplex with the p21 promoter, leading to increased trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) of the p21 promoter.	Lysine	269-275	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
34105888-10	2021	Mechanistically, LINC00525 epigenetically suppressed p21 transcription by guiding Enhancer Of Zeste 2 Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Subunit (EZH2) to the p21 promoter through an formation of RNA-DNA triplex with the p21 promoter, leading to increased trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) of the p21 promoter.	Lysine	269-275	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
34105888-10	2021	Mechanistically, LINC00525 epigenetically suppressed p21 transcription by guiding Enhancer Of Zeste 2 Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Subunit (EZH2) to the p21 promoter through an formation of RNA-DNA triplex with the p21 promoter, leading to increased trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) of the p21 promoter.	Lysine	269-275	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	216-219
34105888-10	2021	Mechanistically, LINC00525 epigenetically suppressed p21 transcription by guiding Enhancer Of Zeste 2 Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Subunit (EZH2) to the p21 promoter through an formation of RNA-DNA triplex with the p21 promoter, leading to increased trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) of the p21 promoter.	Lysine	269-275	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	310-313
34196654-8	2021	Cell experiments further confirmed that H2 could reverse MNU damage to CECs by decreasing oxidative stress injury, interfering with the NF-kappaB/NLRP3 pathway and the FOXO3a/p53/p21 pathway.	Deuterium	40-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
34196654-8	2021	Cell experiments further confirmed that H2 could reverse MNU damage to CECs by decreasing oxidative stress injury, interfering with the NF-kappaB/NLRP3 pathway and the FOXO3a/p53/p21 pathway.	Methylnitrosourea	57-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	179-182
34386269-7	2021	In addition, GA arrested cell cycle at the S or G2 phase via p53-p21-Cdc2-cyclin B pathway in the same cells.	Gallic Acid	13-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
34251962-7	2021	Under TMZ treatment, JARID2 overexpression inhibited CCND1 expression, promoted glioma cell apoptosis, and increased p21, cleaved-PARP, and cleaved-caspase3 in glioma cells treated with TMZ; meanwhile, CCND1 overexpression exerted opposite effects on glioma cells treated with TMZ and partially reversed the effects of JARID2 overexpression.	Temozolomide	6-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
34251962-7	2021	Under TMZ treatment, JARID2 overexpression inhibited CCND1 expression, promoted glioma cell apoptosis, and increased p21, cleaved-PARP, and cleaved-caspase3 in glioma cells treated with TMZ; meanwhile, CCND1 overexpression exerted opposite effects on glioma cells treated with TMZ and partially reversed the effects of JARID2 overexpression.	Temozolomide	186-189	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
34060394-4	2022	Our results also showed that Britannin decreased the proliferation of MOLT-4 cells by preventing the transition of the cells from the S phase of the cell cycle through the up-regulation of p21 and p27.	britannin	29-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	189-192
34069970-5	2021	We also found that delta-catenin could regulate the interaction between AKT and p21, leading to phosphorylation of p21 at Thr-145 residue.	Threonine	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
34069970-5	2021	We also found that delta-catenin could regulate the interaction between AKT and p21, leading to phosphorylation of p21 at Thr-145 residue.	Threonine	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
34136185-6	2021	Furthermore, PPa extract caused the accumulation of a population of cells at G0/G1 phase via a reduction in p-Rb, increasing p21 expression, and downregulating cell cycle regulator protein expression.	ppa	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	125-128
34195076-5	2021	Mechanistic studies revealed that FCL-induced G1 phase cell-cycle arrest in ESCC which is dependent on p21 and p27.	fangchinoline	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
34063233-0	2021	The Impact of Chlorambucil and Valproic Acid on Cell Viability, Apoptosis and Expression of p21, HDM2, BCL2 and MCL1 Genes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.	Valproic Acid	31-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
34063233-5	2021	Under the treatment with the drug combination, the expression of p21 gene was visibly higher than under the treatment with CLB alone.	Chlorambucil	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
34602402-5	2021	The docetaxel with radiation group obtained a higher expression of p21 and bax protein than the docetaxel group and the radiation group (P<0.05), and a higher ratio of bcl-2/bax than the others (P<0.05).	Docetaxel	4-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
34749615-4	2021	RSV is thought to have an impressive outcome in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment through the vital molecules and cancer signaling pathways, including SIRT1, P53, P21, AMPK, ROS, BMP7, COX-2, NO, Caspases, Wnt, TNFs, NF-kappaB, EMT, and pentose phosphate pathway.	Resveratrol	0-3	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
34435054-11	2021	In Skov3 cells, the expression levels of p53 and p21 were downregulated, while those of Cyclin E, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), MMP9, signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (Stat3), and p-Stat3 were upregulated by ATZ treatment.	Atrazine	275-278	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	49-52
34602402-7	2021	p21, bax, bcl-2 and other related proteins can regulate cell cycle phase distribution and induce cell apoptosis, thereby increasing the radiosensitivity effect of docetaxel in ECA109 cell line.	Docetaxel	163-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
34141150-6	2021	Ursolic acid treatment downregulated the gene expression of survival factors BCL-2, SURVIVIN, NFKB and SP1, while upregulated the growth-restricting genes BAX, P21 and P53.	ursolic acid	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
35568224-6	2022	Expressions of genes responses to DNA damage, ATM, ATR, p53, p21, Bax, H2AX, and GADD45A were disturbed by NIT treatment.	nitenpyram	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
34137693-10	2021	In vitro, HCB increased PCNA, pSMAD 2/3, and TGF-beta1 protein levels and mRNA expression and decreased p21 and p27 protein levels.	Hexachlorobenzene	10-13	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
35489384-6	2022	In mechanism, KPT-8602 restored the localization of cytoplasmic FOXO3A, p27, p21, IkappaBalpha and PP2A into the nucleus, leading to AKT and NF-kappaB deactivation.	Eltanexor	14-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
35551917-6	2022	In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cultures, Doxo (10-100 nM) increased the number of SA-beta-gal positive cells and the levels of gammaH2AX, p21 and p53, used as markers of senescence.	Doxorubicin	60-64	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	157-160
35405615-11	2022	Capsaicin upregulated SIRT1 expression and downregulated the senescence marker, p21, thereby protecting endothelial cells from IHG-induced senescence as indicated by relieved G0/G1 phase arrest, improved cell viabilities, and reduced counts of senescent cells and ROS production.	Capsaicin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
35489818-0	2022	Corrigendum to "PEG-4000 formed polymeric nanoparticles loaded with cetuximab downregulate p21 & stathmin-1 gene expression in cancer cell lines" (Life Sci.	Polyethylene Glycols	16-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
35324521-7	2022	Interestingly, DHMBA increased the levels of cancer suppressor p53, p21, Rb, and regucalcin.	3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol	15-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
35546176-5	2022	The levels of cellular senescence-associated p53 and p21 significantly increased in H2O2-induced senescent House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells and cochlear explants.	Hydrogen Peroxide	84-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
35570522-11	2022	Additionally, the treatment of endometrial cancer with compound 968 downregulated the expression of GLS1 and cyclin D1, and upregulated the expression of P21 and E-cadherin.	compound 968	55-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
35546176-7	2022	UA significantly decreased the expression of senescence-associated p53 and p21, and increased the expression of mitophagy-related proteins, in H2O2-induced senescent cells and cochlear explants.	3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one	0-2	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
35221291-13	2022	Our study confirms the protective role of RES as an anti-ROS agent and its ability to alleviate DNA damage through a pathway involving p53/p21 signaling.	Resveratrol	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	139-142
35421264-10	2022	MiR-26a-5p upregulation suppressed the NPC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, N-cadherin and EZH2 expression, while it elevated apoptosis and p21, p27 and E-cadherin expressions, whereas miR-26a-5p downregulation performed conversely.	mir-26a-5p	0-10	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
35500745-5	2022	PRMT5 and symmetric dimethylation at histone H4 arginine 3 (H4R3me2s) directly associate with chromatin of P21 to suppress its transcription.	Arginine	48-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
35245520-3	2022	KEY FINDINGS: TQ monotherapy had greater anticancer effects to active VD3 or 5-FU, revealing higher expression of p21/p27/PTEN/BAX/Cyto-C/Casp-3 and increased levels of total glutathione, with inhibitions in CCND1/CCND3/BCL-2 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR molecules, alongside higher rates of apoptosis in HT29, SW480 and SW620 cells (P < 0.005 for all markers).	Fluorouracil	77-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
35398238-8	2022	In addition, ATA treatment increased the levels of p53 and p21 proteins, which blocked cell cycle progression in the G1/S phase.	acetyltanshinone IIA	13-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
35563820-11	2022	Each treatment initiated a stable growth arrest, enhanced SA-beta-gal activity, and-except palbociclib-increased the expression of p21.	palbociclib	91-102	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
35176277-0	2022	PEG-4000 formed polymeric nanoparticles loaded with cetuximab downregulate p21 &stathmin-1 gene expression in cancer cell lines.	polyethylene glycol 4000	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
35529455-9	2022	Moreover, TBs-C suppressed the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation, promoted autophagy, and increased the expression of p21 downstream of AKT, which resulted in G1 cell-cycle arrest.	tbs-c	10-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	117-120
35562984-8	2022	G2 phase arrest and apoptosis in VIC-fedratinib-co-treated cells resulted from the upregulation of p21 and the DNA damaging marker pH2AX.	Vincristine	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
35562984-8	2022	G2 phase arrest and apoptosis in VIC-fedratinib-co-treated cells resulted from the upregulation of p21 and the DNA damaging marker pH2AX.	Fedratinib	37-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	99-102
35176277-10	2022	The expression levels of p21 and stathmin-1 were significantly decreased in both cell lines treated with CTX-PEGNPs compared to CTX alone.	ctx-pegnps	105-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	25-28
35176277-12	2022	The results indicated that CTX-PEGNP was an improved formulation than CTX alone to induce apoptosis and DNA damage and inhibit cell proliferation through the downregulation of P21 and stathmin-1 expression.	ctx-pegnp	27-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	176-179
35219733-6	2022	RETRA-treated cells also displayed necroptotic morphology of disintegrated plasma membranes with intact nuclei and also showed cell cycle arrest at the S phase with the upregulation of p21 and downregulation of cyclin-D3.	RETRA hydrochloride	0-5	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	185-188
35404445-4	2022	Lastly, the inhibitory effects of ketorolac tromethamine on the activation of beta-galactosidase and the upregulation of p21 and p53 were greatly abolished by the overexpression of COX-2.	Ketorolac Tromethamine	34-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
35304440-9	2022	Taken together, our study reports a novel mechanism by which p21 can be stabilized by CMTM6 and pinpoints a crucial role of the CMTM6-p21 axis in suppressing the progression of HCC and sensitizing patients with postoperative recurrence to TACE treatment.	Chlorotrianisene	239-243	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
35298792-9	2022	Phoenixin-14 resolved the morphine-caused cell cycle arrest with significant changes in the expression levels of p21, cyclin-dependent kinases 6 (CDK6), and p-Rb.	phoenixin-14	0-12	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
35298792-9	2022	Phoenixin-14 resolved the morphine-caused cell cycle arrest with significant changes in the expression levels of p21, cyclin-dependent kinases 6 (CDK6), and p-Rb.	Morphine	26-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
35432205-16	2022	Importantly, in immune-deficient mice transplanted with fat from obese patients, dasatinib plus quercetin, a senolytic cocktail that reduces the number of both p21 high and p16 high cells, improves both glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.	Dasatinib	81-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
35432205-16	2022	Importantly, in immune-deficient mice transplanted with fat from obese patients, dasatinib plus quercetin, a senolytic cocktail that reduces the number of both p21 high and p16 high cells, improves both glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.	Quercetin	96-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
35354250-5	2022	Mechanismly, PFKFB3 facilitated pro-apoptotic transcription factor FOXO3A and its downstream gene expressions, including p21, p27, FAS after 5FU treatment in vitro.	Fluorouracil	141-144	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
35356984-5	2022	Moreover, MSX2 knockdown suppressed the transcription of NOP2/Sun domain family member 2 (NSUN2), which regulates the expression of p21 by binding to and causing the 5-methylcytidine methylation of the 3"- untranslated region of p21 mRNA.	5-methylcytidine	166-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
35356984-5	2022	Moreover, MSX2 knockdown suppressed the transcription of NOP2/Sun domain family member 2 (NSUN2), which regulates the expression of p21 by binding to and causing the 5-methylcytidine methylation of the 3"- untranslated region of p21 mRNA.	5-methylcytidine	166-182	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	229-232
35388306-4	2022	The experiment found that Rg1 plays an antiaging role in reversing the SA-beta-gal staining associated with LiCl-induced hematopoietic stem cell senescence, the increase in p53 and p21 proteins, and sustained DNA damage.	Lithium Chloride	108-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	181-184
35085768-9	2022	Moreover, propofol increases the expression of P21, decreases the expression of c-Myc and GSTM3 through elevating GAS5 expression.	Propofol	10-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
35085768-11	2022	One possible mechanism involved was preliminary revealed: propofol up-regulates the expression of GAS5, thus stimulating P21 pathway, blocking c-Myc and GSTM3 pathways.	Propofol	58-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
35304440-9	2022	Taken together, our study reports a novel mechanism by which p21 can be stabilized by CMTM6 and pinpoints a crucial role of the CMTM6-p21 axis in suppressing the progression of HCC and sensitizing patients with postoperative recurrence to TACE treatment.	Chlorotrianisene	239-243	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	134-137
35326689-11	2022	Moreover, 5-FU/VD3/Met revealed maximal inhibitions of cell cycle inducers (CCND1/CCND3), cell survival (BCL2), and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR molecules alongside the highest expression of cell cycle inhibitors (p21/p27), proapoptotic markers (BAX/cytochrome C/caspase-3), and PTEN in both cell lines.	Fluorouracil	10-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	203-206
35356282-14	2022	Pre-treatment with rapamycin or PFT-alpha significantly down-regulated the levels of SA beta-Gal, SAHF, p-p53, p21, autophagy related protein p62, the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase, and significantly up-regulated DeltaPsim, autophagy related protein BECN1, autophagosomes and autolysosomes compared with cells only treated with AOPPs.	Sirolimus	19-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
35371279-10	2022	HDAC3 is indirectly involved in the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, thereby indirectly regulating the expression levels of p53 and p21 genes in patients with LAML.	Cyclic GMP	36-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	127-130
35356282-14	2022	Pre-treatment with rapamycin or PFT-alpha significantly down-regulated the levels of SA beta-Gal, SAHF, p-p53, p21, autophagy related protein p62, the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase, and significantly up-regulated DeltaPsim, autophagy related protein BECN1, autophagosomes and autolysosomes compared with cells only treated with AOPPs.	pifithrin	32-41	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
35184641-6	2022	Butorphanol tartrate prevented TNF-alpha-caused cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in HC-A cells and decreased p21 expression.	Butorphanol	0-20	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	113-116
35085581-0	2022	Piperlongumine induces ROS mediated apoptosis by transcriptional regulation of SMAD4/P21/P53 genes and synergizes with doxorubicin in osteosarcoma cells.	piperlonguminine	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
35111249-13	2022	Concurrent inhibition of CD44v9 and Nrf2 may trigger apoptosis induction, potentiate chemosensitivity and enhance antitumor activities through the ROS-activated p38/p21 pathway.	Reactive Oxygen Species	147-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
35227162-0	2022	The role of p53 and p21 on 8-chloro-adenosine-induced cellular response.	Adenosine	36-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
35227162-4	2022	Following 30 microM 8-Cl-Ado treatment, RNA synthesis was inhibited, p53 protein was stabilized, and p21 expression was activated.	8-chloroadenosine	20-28	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
35085581-0	2022	Piperlongumine induces ROS mediated apoptosis by transcriptional regulation of SMAD4/P21/P53 genes and synergizes with doxorubicin in osteosarcoma cells.	Reactive Oxygen Species	23-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
35085581-7	2022	Piperlongumine treatment significantly upregulated the expression of genes BAX, P21, P53, and SMAD4; while the BCL-2, SURVIVIN, TNFA, and NFKB genes expression was found down-regulated.	piperlonguminine	0-14	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
35105283-4	2022	Furthermore, aging-related marker molecules (such as p16 and p21) were also significantly down-regulated under uridine treatment.	Uridine	111-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
35204761-0	2022	Correlation of Occupational Exposure to Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (cPAHs) and Blood Levels of p53 and p21 Proteins.	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	53-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
35204761-0	2022	Correlation of Occupational Exposure to Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (cPAHs) and Blood Levels of p53 and p21 Proteins.	cpahs	87-92	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
34985067-8	2022	In the presence of p21 mRNA, the Cy5-modified recognition nucleic acid specifically bound to p21 mRNA to form a more stable double chain and escaped from the gold sphere, leading to the recovery of red fluorescence.	cyanine dye 5	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
34985067-8	2022	In the presence of p21 mRNA, the Cy5-modified recognition nucleic acid specifically bound to p21 mRNA to form a more stable double chain and escaped from the gold sphere, leading to the recovery of red fluorescence.	cyanine dye 5	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
34985067-10	2022	Particularly, the sticky-flare probe used in this assay could allow the visual evaluation of the tumor treatment effect and the determination of the tumor progression stage by enabling monitoring of the relative expression level of p21 mRNA in tumor cells after cisplatin treatment.	Cisplatin	262-271	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	232-235
35064206-8	2022	These findings indicate that alphaalpha-syn is a functional tumor suppressor that can inhibit the proliferation of BCa cells by activating the p53/p21 signaling pathway.	-syn	39-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	147-150
34986369-9	2022	Increased SA-betagal staining and p16 and p21 expression was observed after DOX- or H2O2-induced senescence and mini Cry significantly decreased senescence-positive cells.	Doxorubicin	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
34986369-9	2022	Increased SA-betagal staining and p16 and p21 expression was observed after DOX- or H2O2-induced senescence and mini Cry significantly decreased senescence-positive cells.	Hydrogen Peroxide	84-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
35042627-0	2022	The involvement of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in the premature senescence of melanocytes induced by H2O2 through a p53-independent p21 pathway.	Hydrogen Peroxide	93-97	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	124-127
35042627-9	2022	H2O2 treatment tended to induce premature senescence in melanocytes through a p53-independent p21 pathway.	Hydrogen Peroxide	0-4	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
35141433-9	2022	Melatonin suppressed cell proliferation in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle (34.97 +- 0.92%) and induced apoptosis (12.43 +- 0.73%) through up-regulating p21 and p53 that was confirmed by the reduction of PCNA and Ki-67 expressions.	Melatonin	0-9	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
35155257-8	2022	Mechanistically, pevonedistat treatment and the siRNA knockdown neddylation pathway were able to remarkably induce the accumulation of Wee1, p27, and p21.	pevonedistat	17-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
35155257-10	2022	Conclusions: Our results showed that pevonedistat targeted the overexpression of the neddylation pathway in pancreatic cancer to induce cell growth suppression by inducing the accumulation of the cell cycle regulators Wee1, p27, and p21, which provides sound evidence for the clinical trial of pevonedistat for pancreatic cancer therapy.	pevonedistat	37-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	233-236
35127290-6	2022	Results: SA-beta-gal staining, PCR, and western blot revealed that aspirin could alleviate the cellular expression of senescence-related indicators of BM-MSCs, including a decrease of SA-beta-gal-positive cells and staining intensity, and downregulation of p16, p21, and p53 expression after aspirin treatment.	Aspirin	67-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	262-265
35042627-15	2022	CONCLUSION: H2O2 increases ROS levels, which activates the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways to induce the premature senescence of melanocytes through p21 via a p53-independent pathway and consequently disrupts melanosome transfer.	Hydrogen Peroxide	12-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
35042627-15	2022	CONCLUSION: H2O2 increases ROS levels, which activates the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways to induce the premature senescence of melanocytes through p21 via a p53-independent pathway and consequently disrupts melanosome transfer.	ros	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	146-149
35121394-0	2022	Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Andrographis paniculate, induces senescence in human lung adenocarcinoma via p53/p21 and Skp2/p27.	andrographolide	0-15	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	156-159
35111765-9	2021	Moreover, the results showed that the delivery of si-02569 significantly alleviated the inflammatory response in the nucleus pulposus cells via inhibiting P65 phosphorylation and preventing its transfer into the nucleus, and meanwhile alleviated cell senescence by decreasing the expression of P21.	si-02569	50-58	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
35022897-10	2022	DUB-IN-1, an USP8 inhibitor, caused DNA damage, led to G2/M phase block by p53-p21 axis, and triggered apoptosis by regulating the p53 target proteins including Bax, Noxa, and Puma.	DUBs-IN-1	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
35022897-14	2022	DUB-IN-1 treatment led to G2/M cell cycle arrest by upregulating the protein level of p21 and triggered apoptosis by modulating the p53 target proteins including Bax, Noxa, and Puma.	DUBs-IN-1	0-8	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
35096810-6	2021	Moreover, combination of HAUS6 knockdown and 5-FU treatment further enhanced the suppression of cell proliferation of CRC cells by increasing activation of the p53/p21 pathway.	Fluorouracil	45-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	164-167
35173828-7	2022	In contrast, several tumor suppressor proteins (p21 and p53) have been reported to be downregulated by miR-24.	mir-24	103-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
35056723-8	2022	The molecular mechanism of action of low-dose 7HF in TNBC cells primarily involved G2/M-phase arrest through upregulation of the expression of Bub3, cyclin B1, phosphorylated Cdk1 (Tyr 15) and p53-independent p21.	7alpha-hydroxyfrullanolide	46-49	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	209-212
34969758-9	2022	Treatment with eupatilin induced p21 expression but inhibited the expression of mutated p53.	eupatilin	15-24	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
35056691-6	2022	In addition, naringenin induced cell cycle arrest in osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 expression and upregulating p21 expression.	naringenin	13-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
34338241-2	2022	Here, we used ACPP to carry anti-p21Ras scFv for Ras-driven cancer therapy.	acpp	14-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
34338241-3	2022	The ACPP-p21Ras scFv fusion protein was prepared by a prokaryotic expression system and Ni-NTA column purification.	ni-nta	88-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	9-12
35125711-4	2022	Moreover, BKM120 robustly enhanced the growth-suppressive effect of imatinib through p21-mediated induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptotic cell death.	NVP-BKM120	10-16	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
35125711-4	2022	Moreover, BKM120 robustly enhanced the growth-suppressive effect of imatinib through p21-mediated induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptotic cell death.	Imatinib Mesylate	68-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	85-88
35591840-13	2022	The expression of p21 protein in MKN28 cells was markedly promoted on exposure to THDMF.	3,5,8-Trihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone	82-87	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
35053211-5	2022	Our studies evidenced that both DOX and GCD@DOX induced p53 and p21 signalling resulting in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.	Doxorubicin	32-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67