PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offset protein_name organism prot_offset 31388672-7 2020 Experiments in acellular systems confirmed that GGT-mediated metabolism of GSH can potentiate crocidolite-dependent production of superoxide anion, through the production of highly reactive dipeptide thiol cysteinyl-glycine. dipeptide thiol cysteinyl-glycine 190-223 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 33640763-6 2021 Based on these findings and the structure of GSH, a substrate of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), we designed and synthesized the prodrug N-gamma-glutamylated STLC derivative 9, which could be hydrolyzed by GGT to produce 1. Glutathione 45-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 65-90 33640763-6 2021 Based on these findings and the structure of GSH, a substrate of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), we designed and synthesized the prodrug N-gamma-glutamylated STLC derivative 9, which could be hydrolyzed by GGT to produce 1. Glutathione 45-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 92-95 33640763-6 2021 Based on these findings and the structure of GSH, a substrate of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), we designed and synthesized the prodrug N-gamma-glutamylated STLC derivative 9, which could be hydrolyzed by GGT to produce 1. Glutathione 45-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 207-210 33640763-6 2021 Based on these findings and the structure of GSH, a substrate of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), we designed and synthesized the prodrug N-gamma-glutamylated STLC derivative 9, which could be hydrolyzed by GGT to produce 1. 3-tritylthio-L-alanine 159-163 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 65-90 33640763-6 2021 Based on these findings and the structure of GSH, a substrate of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), we designed and synthesized the prodrug N-gamma-glutamylated STLC derivative 9, which could be hydrolyzed by GGT to produce 1. 3-tritylthio-L-alanine 159-163 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 92-95 33640763-6 2021 Based on these findings and the structure of GSH, a substrate of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), we designed and synthesized the prodrug N-gamma-glutamylated STLC derivative 9, which could be hydrolyzed by GGT to produce 1. 3-tritylthio-L-alanine 159-163 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 207-210 33916150-1 2021 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a membrane-bound enzyme, contributes to the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), which plays a critical physiological role in protecting cells against oxidative stress. Glutathione 91-102 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 33916150-1 2021 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a membrane-bound enzyme, contributes to the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), which plays a critical physiological role in protecting cells against oxidative stress. Glutathione 91-102 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 33916150-1 2021 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a membrane-bound enzyme, contributes to the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), which plays a critical physiological role in protecting cells against oxidative stress. Glutathione 104-107 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 33916150-1 2021 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a membrane-bound enzyme, contributes to the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), which plays a critical physiological role in protecting cells against oxidative stress. Glutathione 104-107 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 33916150-3 2021 Moreover, GGT expression is reportedly related to drug-resistance possibly because a wide range of drugs are conjugated with GSH, the availability of which is influenced by GGT activity. Glutathione 125-128 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 10-13 33916150-3 2021 Moreover, GGT expression is reportedly related to drug-resistance possibly because a wide range of drugs are conjugated with GSH, the availability of which is influenced by GGT activity. Glutathione 125-128 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 173-176 33276664-0 2020 Serum Gamma Glutamyltransferase Is Associated with 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status in Elderly Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease. 25-hydroxyvitamin D 51-70 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 6-31 33276664-1 2020 BACKGROUND: No previous study has investigated the association between gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and vitamin D in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Vitamin D 107-116 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 71-96 33276664-1 2020 BACKGROUND: No previous study has investigated the association between gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and vitamin D in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Vitamin D 107-116 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 98-101 33276664-2 2020 We investigated the cross-sectional associations between vitamin D status as assessed by serum 25(OH)D and GGT. Vitamin D 57-66 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 107-110 33276664-2 2020 We investigated the cross-sectional associations between vitamin D status as assessed by serum 25(OH)D and GGT. 25(oh)d 95-102 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 107-110 33276664-6 2020 RESULTS: GGT activity was the highest in vitamin D severely deficient patients and the lowest in vitamin D insufficient patients. Vitamin D 41-50 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 33276664-6 2020 RESULTS: GGT activity was the highest in vitamin D severely deficient patients and the lowest in vitamin D insufficient patients. Vitamin D 97-106 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 33276664-7 2020 GGT was inversely correlated with 25(OH)D concentrations (R = -0.23; p = 0.002). 25(oh)d 34-41 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 33276664-8 2020 The receiver operating characteristics curve identified the discrimination threshold of GGT of >19 U/L in predicting vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D 117-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 88-91 33276664-9 2020 Higher leukocyte and neutrophil counts and lower 25(OH)D concentration were found in patients with GGT > 19 U/L. 25(oh)d 49-56 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 99-102 33276664-10 2020 CONCLUSIONS: We identified an interaction between declining 25(OH)D levels and rising GGT levels with increasing age, which resulted in an unfavorable 25(OH)D-to-GGT ratio in stable CAD patients. 25(oh)d 60-67 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 162-165 33276664-10 2020 CONCLUSIONS: We identified an interaction between declining 25(OH)D levels and rising GGT levels with increasing age, which resulted in an unfavorable 25(OH)D-to-GGT ratio in stable CAD patients. 25(oh)d 151-158 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 86-89 33276664-10 2020 CONCLUSIONS: We identified an interaction between declining 25(OH)D levels and rising GGT levels with increasing age, which resulted in an unfavorable 25(OH)D-to-GGT ratio in stable CAD patients. 25(oh)d 151-158 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 162-165 33292263-7 2020 We then stratified for alcohol intake and found inverse associations between gamma" fibrinogen and both %CDT and GGT-CDT in consumers, but the positive association with AST remained only in abstainers. 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene 117-120 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 113-116 31388672-0 2020 Induction of gamma-glutamyltransferase activity and consequent prooxidant reactions in human macrophages exposed to crocidolite asbestos. Asbestos, Crocidolite 116-136 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-38 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Glutathione 29-40 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 85-110 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Glutathione 29-40 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 112-115 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Glutathione 42-45 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 85-110 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Glutathione 42-45 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 112-115 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Sulfhydryl Compounds 59-65 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 85-110 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Sulfhydryl Compounds 59-65 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 112-115 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Glutathione 144-147 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 85-110 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Glutathione 144-147 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 112-115 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Iron 158-162 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 85-110 31388672-5 2020 Previous studies showed that glutathione (GSH) is one such thiols, and that cellular gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) can efficiently potentiate GSH-dependent iron redox cycling and consequent oxidative stress. Iron 158-162 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 112-115 31388672-6 2020 As GGT is expressed in macrophages and is released upon their activation, the present study was aimed at verifying the hypothesis that GSH/GGT-dependent redox reactions may participate in the oxidative stress following the activation of macrophages induced by crocidolite asbestos. Glutathione 135-138 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 3-6 31388672-6 2020 As GGT is expressed in macrophages and is released upon their activation, the present study was aimed at verifying the hypothesis that GSH/GGT-dependent redox reactions may participate in the oxidative stress following the activation of macrophages induced by crocidolite asbestos. Glutathione 135-138 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 139-142 31388672-6 2020 As GGT is expressed in macrophages and is released upon their activation, the present study was aimed at verifying the hypothesis that GSH/GGT-dependent redox reactions may participate in the oxidative stress following the activation of macrophages induced by crocidolite asbestos. Asbestos, Crocidolite 260-280 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 3-6 31388672-6 2020 As GGT is expressed in macrophages and is released upon their activation, the present study was aimed at verifying the hypothesis that GSH/GGT-dependent redox reactions may participate in the oxidative stress following the activation of macrophages induced by crocidolite asbestos. Asbestos, Crocidolite 260-280 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 139-142 31388672-7 2020 Experiments in acellular systems confirmed that GGT-mediated metabolism of GSH can potentiate crocidolite-dependent production of superoxide anion, through the production of highly reactive dipeptide thiol cysteinyl-glycine. Glutathione 75-78 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 31388672-7 2020 Experiments in acellular systems confirmed that GGT-mediated metabolism of GSH can potentiate crocidolite-dependent production of superoxide anion, through the production of highly reactive dipeptide thiol cysteinyl-glycine. Asbestos, Crocidolite 94-105 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 31388672-7 2020 Experiments in acellular systems confirmed that GGT-mediated metabolism of GSH can potentiate crocidolite-dependent production of superoxide anion, through the production of highly reactive dipeptide thiol cysteinyl-glycine. Superoxides 130-146 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 31677124-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme involved in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), a major antioxidant in humans. Glutathione 98-109 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 18-43 31677124-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme involved in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), a major antioxidant in humans. Glutathione 98-109 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 45-48 31677124-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme involved in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), a major antioxidant in humans. Glutathione 111-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 18-43 31677124-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme involved in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), a major antioxidant in humans. Glutathione 111-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 45-48 31388672-9 2020 The results show that crocidolite asbestos at sub-toxic concentrations (50-250 ng/1,000 cells) can upregulate GGT expression, which raises the possibility that macrophage-initiated, GSH/GGT-dependent prooxidant reactions may participate in the pathogenesis of tissue damage and inflammation consequent to crocidolite intoxication. Glutathione 182-185 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 110-113 31241820-2 2020 We analysed factors determining the biochemical response (normalized ALT/GGT) of DAA therapy in a large real-world cohort. daa 81-84 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 73-76 31241820-10 2020 Higher GGT at week 12 was associated with high BMI, age >70 years, liver cirrhosis, diabetes, alcohol consumption, opioid substitution and non-SVR. Alcohols 97-104 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 7-10 31265245-1 2019 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) plays a role in cleaving the gamma-glutamyl bond of glutathione. Glutathione 84-95 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 31454574-7 2019 The study results show that, in females, there was a positive association of the highest PFOA quartile with increased ALT, AST and GGT, and the highest PFNA quartile with increased ALT and AST. perfluorooctanoic acid 89-93 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 131-134 31570481-6 2019 CONCLUSION: Elevated GGT was an adverse prognostic indicator in men with mCRPC receiving enzalutamide. enzalutamide 89-101 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 21-24 32120465-0 2019 Association of Serum Uric acid and Gamma-glutamyltransferase with Obesity Related Metabolic Derangements in a Cohort of Children with Obesity in Sri Lanka Introduction: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and serum uric acid (UA) are known to be associated with cardiovascular disease in obese children Objectives: To determine the association of serum UA and GGT with components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a group of obese children and determine the validity of UA and GGT in predicting MetS. Uric Acid 211-220 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 196-199 32120465-6 2019 Results: Chi square test showed statistically significant associations between GGT and UA with triglyceride, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), AST, ALT, AST/ALT ratio and fatty liver. Triglycerides 95-107 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 79-82 31664937-8 2019 Subgroup analysis showed a possible interaction between GGT and blood glucose level. Glucose 70-77 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 56-59 31265245-1 2019 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) plays a role in cleaving the gamma-glutamyl bond of glutathione. Glutathione 84-95 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 28988315-0 2018 Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase is inversely associated with dietary total and coffee-derived polyphenol intakes in apparently healthy Japanese men. Polyphenols 94-104 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 6-31 30848805-11 2019 In factorial MR analyses, considering the high BMI/high alcohol group as the reference, mean circulating ALT and GGT levels were lowest in the low BMI/low alcohol group (ALT: -2.32%; 95% CI, -4.29% to -0.35%, and GGT: -3.56%; 95% CI, -5.88% to -1.24%). Alcohols 155-162 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 113-116 30878206-0 2019 Ursodeoxycholic Acid Therapy in Pediatric Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Predictors of Gamma Glutamyltransferase Normalization and Favorable Clinical Course. Ursodeoxycholic Acid 0-20 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 88-113 30878206-1 2019 OBJECTIVE: To investigate patient factors predictive of gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) normalization following ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) therapy in children with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Ursodeoxycholic Acid 112-132 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 56-81 30878206-1 2019 OBJECTIVE: To investigate patient factors predictive of gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) normalization following ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) therapy in children with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Ursodeoxycholic Acid 112-132 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 31146684-6 2019 GGT was positively correlated with high sensitivity C reactive protein (r = 0.482, P < 0.001), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (r = 0.175, P = 0.039), New York Heart Association class (r = 0.199, P = 0.018), fasting blood glucose (r = 0.233, P = 0.006) and negatively with left ventricular ejection fraction (r = - 0.181, P = 0.032) and high-density lipoprotein (r = - 0.313, P < 0.001). Glucose 231-238 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 28988315-2 2018 Here, we examined the association between serum GGT and the dietary intake of polyphenols, which have antioxidant properties. Polyphenols 78-89 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 28988315-7 2018 The analysis of the association between polyphenol intake and biological parameters showed a significant negative association between polyphenol intake and the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), GGT, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) after adjusting for age, smoking habit, energy intake and alcohol intake. Polyphenols 134-144 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 223-226 28988315-8 2018 The GGT levels were inversely associated with the polyphenol intake from coffee, but not with that from green tea. Polyphenols 50-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 4-7 28988315-9 2018 Multivariable linear regression analyses demonstrated that the subjects" GGT levels were negatively and independently associated with their polyphenol intake. Polyphenols 140-150 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 73-76 28988315-10 2018 CONCLUSIONS: The intake of total polyphenol including coffee as a major contributor is inversely associated with the serum GGT concentration in Japanese males. Polyphenols 33-43 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 123-126 30410032-7 2018 From the low to high GGT quartiles, the incidence of each CRF and clustered risk factors increased after adjusting for age, uric acid (UA), ethnicity, drinking, and all other risk factors. Uric Acid 124-133 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 21-24 29372651-1 2018 The gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is recognized in medical practice as a useful indicator for the detection of liver lesions, especially those induced by the excessive consumption of alcoholic or cholesterol-associated drinks. Cholesterol 198-209 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 31-34 29372651-5 2018 The hypothesis gives the circulating values of GGT predictive value for cellular oxidative stress, as well as for indirectly expressing the glutathione level in cytosol. Glutathione 140-151 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 47-50 30410032-7 2018 From the low to high GGT quartiles, the incidence of each CRF and clustered risk factors increased after adjusting for age, uric acid (UA), ethnicity, drinking, and all other risk factors. Uric Acid 135-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 21-24 29207447-9 2017 Especially in women who were frequent drinkers, AST, ALT, and GGT showed a significant increase, with a significant synergistic effect of Hg and alcohol consumption. Alcohols 145-152 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 29577913-4 2018 RESULTS: Urinary GGT values for healthy volunteers were 14 U/g creatinine for the lower reference limit and 79 U/g creatinine for the upper reference limit. Creatinine 63-73 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 17-20 29577913-6 2018 CONCLUSIONS: Reference limits for urinary GGT in healthy subjects were 14 to 79 U/g creatinine, and it is recommended to measure urinary GGT in fresh specimens. Creatinine 84-94 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 42-45 30090789-6 2018 Results: Higher means for triglycerides and insulin resistance indices (P < 0.0001) was found among those in the second, third, and fourth GGT quartiles as compared with their counterparts in the first quartile. Triglycerides 26-39 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 142-145 30090789-8 2018 Conclusion: Elevated serum GGT could be a cardiometabolic risk factor either as a mediator of low-grade systemic inflammation and as a mediator of oxidative stress through mediation of extracellular glutathione transport into cells of organ systems. Glutathione 199-210 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 29992593-11 2018 Subjects with raised GGT were older, shorter and more likely to have higher triglyceride levels. Triglycerides 76-88 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 21-24 29685354-1 2018 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety from a donor substrate such as glutathione to water (hydrolysis) or to an acceptor amino acid (transpeptidation) through the formation of a gamma-glutamyl enzyme intermediate. Glutathione 115-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 29685354-1 2018 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety from a donor substrate such as glutathione to water (hydrolysis) or to an acceptor amino acid (transpeptidation) through the formation of a gamma-glutamyl enzyme intermediate. Glutathione 115-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 29685354-1 2018 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety from a donor substrate such as glutathione to water (hydrolysis) or to an acceptor amino acid (transpeptidation) through the formation of a gamma-glutamyl enzyme intermediate. Water 130-135 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 29685354-1 2018 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety from a donor substrate such as glutathione to water (hydrolysis) or to an acceptor amino acid (transpeptidation) through the formation of a gamma-glutamyl enzyme intermediate. Water 130-135 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 29685354-3 2018 Although being conserved enzymes, both B. subtilis GGT and the related enzyme CapD from B. anthracis lack the lid loop and, differently from other GGTs, both accept poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-PGA) as a substrate. poly(gamma-glutamic acid) 165-189 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 51-54 29685354-3 2018 Although being conserved enzymes, both B. subtilis GGT and the related enzyme CapD from B. anthracis lack the lid loop and, differently from other GGTs, both accept poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-PGA) as a substrate. poly(gamma-glutamic acid) 191-200 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 51-54 28978317-9 2017 All hepatic function parameters except ALP improved after the administration of cPN, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in AST GGT and TB. cpn 80-83 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 149-152 28978317-10 2017 CONCLUSION: cPN improves PN-associated LD by restoring abnormal AST, GGT, and BT levels to normal, and reducing ALT levels close to normal. cpn 12-15 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 69-72 28974841-3 2017 AIM: The aim of the study has been to evaluate and compare the effect of CBZ and VPA monotherapy on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) serum levels in children. Carbamazepine 73-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 169-194 28931896-6 2017 Considering the whole group, b- and f-GGT showed the highest positive correlation with BMI, glucose, triglycerides and insulin, and the highest negative correlation with HDL cholesterol. Glucose 92-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 28931896-6 2017 Considering the whole group, b- and f-GGT showed the highest positive correlation with BMI, glucose, triglycerides and insulin, and the highest negative correlation with HDL cholesterol. Triglycerides 101-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 28931896-6 2017 Considering the whole group, b- and f-GGT showed the highest positive correlation with BMI, glucose, triglycerides and insulin, and the highest negative correlation with HDL cholesterol. Cholesterol 174-185 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 28931896-7 2017 While both serum triglycerides and insulin were independently associated with b-GGT levels, only triglycerides were independently associated with f-GGT. Triglycerides 17-30 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 80-83 28931896-7 2017 While both serum triglycerides and insulin were independently associated with b-GGT levels, only triglycerides were independently associated with f-GGT. Triglycerides 97-110 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 148-151 28974841-3 2017 AIM: The aim of the study has been to evaluate and compare the effect of CBZ and VPA monotherapy on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) serum levels in children. Valproic Acid 81-84 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 169-194 28974841-11 2017 CONCLUSION: The levels of enzymes AST and ALT have been elevated statistically significant in VPA group and GGT in CBZ group. Carbamazepine 115-118 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 108-111 28241022-1 2017 BACKGROUND: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a membrane-bound enzyme involved in the metabolism of glutathione. Glutathione 101-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 12-37 27126140-8 2017 The elevation in GGT was between 1N and 34N, although 71.6 % of these values were below 5N. CHEMBL556717 40-43 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 17-20 27988297-2 2017 CF airways present however increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), the enzyme specifically capable of degrading GSH, and thus inhaled GSH might be promptly catabolized. Glutathione 127-130 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 76-79 27988297-2 2017 CF airways present however increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), the enzyme specifically capable of degrading GSH, and thus inhaled GSH might be promptly catabolized. Glutathione 149-152 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-74 27988297-2 2017 CF airways present however increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), the enzyme specifically capable of degrading GSH, and thus inhaled GSH might be promptly catabolized. Glutathione 149-152 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 76-79 27988297-3 2017 In addition, prooxidant reactions are known to originate during GGT-mediated GSH catabolism. Glutathione 77-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 64-67 27988297-4 2017 We determined levels of GGT in the sputum samples obtained from a previously published trial of GSH inhalation treatment, and analyzed their correlations with inflammatory markers and FEV1% values. Glutathione 96-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 24-27 27988297-5 2017 Results indicate that differentiating patients with increasing vs. decreasing GGT activity - as measured in sputum before and after the six months duration of the study - may discriminate subjects more likely profiting from inhaled GSH, as opposed to those with increasing GGT in which these treatments might even produce aggravation of the damage. Glutathione 232-235 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 78-81 27988297-2 2017 CF airways present however increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), the enzyme specifically capable of degrading GSH, and thus inhaled GSH might be promptly catabolized. Glutathione 127-130 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-74 28489802-8 2017 In men, however, the development of diabetes was not significantly different among the quartiles of UA.GGT and UA levels can synergize in predicting the development of diabetes in Korean women. Uric Acid 100-102 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 103-106 28241022-1 2017 BACKGROUND: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a membrane-bound enzyme involved in the metabolism of glutathione. Glutathione 101-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-42 26683926-7 2015 After adjusting for possible confounders, serum GGT levels were associated with an increased risk of MetS, high waist circumference, high triglyceride level, fasting plasma glucose, DM, and the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (P = 0.001). Triglycerides 138-150 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 26219405-13 2016 Serum activity of GGT correlated positively with LDL-C (r = 0.48, p = 0.01) and TC (r = 0.52, p = 0.003) in GDM group. Technetium 80-82 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 18-21 26467358-0 2016 Comparison of the effects of metoprolol or carvedilol on serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and uric acid levels among patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation. Carvedilol 43-53 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 63-88 27512925-1 2016 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme, which is located on the plasma membranes of most cells and organ tissues, but more commonly in hepatocytes, and is routinely used in clinical practice to help indicate liver injury and as a marker of excessive alcohol consumption. Alcohols 261-268 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 27512925-1 2016 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme, which is located on the plasma membranes of most cells and organ tissues, but more commonly in hepatocytes, and is routinely used in clinical practice to help indicate liver injury and as a marker of excessive alcohol consumption. Alcohols 261-268 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 27512925-3 2016 The primary role of GGT is the extracellular catabolism of glutathione, the major thiol antioxidant in mammalian cells, which plays a relevant role in protecting cells against oxidants produced during normal metabolism; GGT, therefore, plays an important role in cellular defence. Glutathione 59-70 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 20-23 27512925-3 2016 The primary role of GGT is the extracellular catabolism of glutathione, the major thiol antioxidant in mammalian cells, which plays a relevant role in protecting cells against oxidants produced during normal metabolism; GGT, therefore, plays an important role in cellular defence. Glutathione 59-70 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 220-223 27512925-3 2016 The primary role of GGT is the extracellular catabolism of glutathione, the major thiol antioxidant in mammalian cells, which plays a relevant role in protecting cells against oxidants produced during normal metabolism; GGT, therefore, plays an important role in cellular defence. Sulfhydryl Compounds 82-87 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 20-23 27924283-9 2016 RESULTS: Changes of the serum GGT were correlated with reductions of the body fat percentage (r = .379, p = .001), body fat mass (r = .435, p = .000) and fasting blood glucose (r = .423, p = .000). Glucose 168-175 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 30-33 27228551-12 2016 Using previously validated cutoffs for EtG, GGT, %CDT, and GGT-CDT, nearly half (46%) of the mothers with affected offspring could be identified. 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene 63-66 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 59-62 27228551-13 2016 The predictive association was highest for GGT-CDT combination and significant also for all the other biomarkers. 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene 47-50 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 43-46 25500903-13 2016 Despite non-specificity to excessive alcohol consumption, GGT may be a useful general marker for hypertension development and mortality, also due to its significant association with self-reported alcohol intake. Alcohols 196-203 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 58-61 26467358-0 2016 Comparison of the effects of metoprolol or carvedilol on serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and uric acid levels among patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation. Metoprolol 29-39 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 63-88 26640613-8 2016 Fasting serum glucose correlated with plasma GPx, plasma and hemolysate GR, FRAP, and serum GGT, and HbA1c correlated with serum GGT. Glucose 14-21 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 92-95 26372100-13 2015 CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis provides evidence that a high level of GGT is significantly associated with increased risk of stroke independently of alcohol intake. Alcohols 149-156 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 70-73 26683926-7 2015 After adjusting for possible confounders, serum GGT levels were associated with an increased risk of MetS, high waist circumference, high triglyceride level, fasting plasma glucose, DM, and the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (P = 0.001). Glucose 173-180 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 26683926-7 2015 After adjusting for possible confounders, serum GGT levels were associated with an increased risk of MetS, high waist circumference, high triglyceride level, fasting plasma glucose, DM, and the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (P = 0.001). Creatinine 213-223 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 26356841-1 2015 BACKGROUND: Observational studies and small intervention studies suggest alcohol raises gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Alcohols 73-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 88-113 26356841-7 2015 Using IV analysis alcohol use increased GGT by 10.60 U/L per alcohol unit (10 gram ethanol) per day (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.58 to 14.62). Alcohols 18-25 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 40-43 26356841-7 2015 Using IV analysis alcohol use increased GGT by 10.60 U/L per alcohol unit (10 gram ethanol) per day (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.58 to 14.62). Alcohols 61-68 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 40-43 26356841-7 2015 Using IV analysis alcohol use increased GGT by 10.60 U/L per alcohol unit (10 gram ethanol) per day (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.58 to 14.62). Ethanol 83-90 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 40-43 26356841-8 2015 The estimate was lower in observational multivariate regression: 3.48 U/L GGT per alcohol unit per day (95% CI 2.84 to 4.11) adjusted for age, education, physical activity and smoking. Alcohols 82-89 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 74-77 26356841-10 2015 CONCLUSION: In Mendelian randomization, we found confirmative evidence that alcohol use increases GGT among Southern Chinese men. Alcohols 76-83 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 98-101 26356841-12 2015 Taken together our findings strongly suggest that alcohol increases GGT, although we cannot rule out the possibility that other unknown factors may cause a different relation between alcohol and GGT in other populations. Alcohols 50-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 68-71 26356841-12 2015 Taken together our findings strongly suggest that alcohol increases GGT, although we cannot rule out the possibility that other unknown factors may cause a different relation between alcohol and GGT in other populations. Alcohols 50-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 195-198 26356841-12 2015 Taken together our findings strongly suggest that alcohol increases GGT, although we cannot rule out the possibility that other unknown factors may cause a different relation between alcohol and GGT in other populations. Alcohols 183-190 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 195-198 26356841-1 2015 BACKGROUND: Observational studies and small intervention studies suggest alcohol raises gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Alcohols 73-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 115-118 26356841-2 2015 We used Mendelian randomization to assess the causal effect of alcohol use on GGT in older Chinese people. Alcohols 63-70 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 78-81 24766310-1 2015 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a membrane-bound enzyme involved in the glutathione metabolism. Glutathione 75-86 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 24766310-1 2015 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a membrane-bound enzyme involved in the glutathione metabolism. Glutathione 75-86 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 26543300-1 2015 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a well-established serum marker for alcohol-related liver disease. Alcohols 71-78 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 25598349-7 2015 The OR (95% CI) for high leukocyte of the highest GGT quartile was 2.19 (1.05-4.58) for boys and 2.36 (1.13-4.93) for girls after adjusting for age, BMI, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, physical activity, household income, and residential area. Cholesterol 176-187 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 50-53 25598349-7 2015 The OR (95% CI) for high leukocyte of the highest GGT quartile was 2.19 (1.05-4.58) for boys and 2.36 (1.13-4.93) for girls after adjusting for age, BMI, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, physical activity, household income, and residential area. Triglycerides 189-201 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 50-53 26026212-11 2015 Future studies are needed to elucidate the causal associations of TB and GGT with CVD. Bilirubin 66-68 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 73-76 25915044-3 2015 The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC). pmbc 186-190 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 77-80 25915044-10 2015 CONCLUSION: Pre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC. pmbc 123-127 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 28-31 25545230-1 2015 BACKGROUND: Although both serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and uric acid are correlated with hypertension, studies on the association between serum GGT and uric acid in normotensive individuals are rare. Uric Acid 161-170 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 153-156 25545230-7 2015 RESULTS: Uric acid was increased in parallel with increasing serum GGT (P<0.001). Uric Acid 9-18 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-70 25545230-8 2015 After correction for age, sex, smoking and alcohol consumption, serum GGT was positively associated with uric acid (r=0.42, P<0.001), SBP (r=0.22, P<0.001), and DBP (r=0.19, P<0.001). Alcohols 43-50 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 70-73 25545230-8 2015 After correction for age, sex, smoking and alcohol consumption, serum GGT was positively associated with uric acid (r=0.42, P<0.001), SBP (r=0.22, P<0.001), and DBP (r=0.19, P<0.001). Uric Acid 105-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 70-73 25545230-9 2015 When compared with lowest GGT tertile, the odds ratio of the middle tertile for the increased serum uric acid was 3.43 (95% CI, 1.39-8.47) and 7.29 (95% CI, 1.57-33.82) for the highest tertile after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, SBP, DBP, creatinine and HOMA-IR. Uric Acid 100-109 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 26-29 25545230-10 2015 CONCLUSIONS: Serum GGT is strongly associated with the increased uric acid concentrations in normotensive Chinese adults. Uric Acid 65-74 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 26543300-1 2015 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a well-established serum marker for alcohol-related liver disease. Alcohols 71-78 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 23945039-7 2014 In multivariable-adjusted models, adjustment for sex, age, BMI, cigarette smoking and alcohol intake yielded the strongest, significant associations between GGT and all markers of IR/IS and glycemia excluding glucose insulin ratio. Alcohols 86-93 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 157-160 24493465-2 2014 Recent studies suggest that serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level, a conventional marker of excessive alcohol consumption, predicts the CKD incidence. Alcohols 108-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-59 24493465-2 2014 Recent studies suggest that serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level, a conventional marker of excessive alcohol consumption, predicts the CKD incidence. Alcohols 108-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 61-64 24493465-7 2014 In both gender an association between alcohol consumption and proteinuria was in a J-shaped fashion with the lowest PRR of mild drinkers with <=19 g/day of ethanol consumption, whereas an association between serum GGT level and proteinuria was linear. Alcohols 38-45 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 217-220 24493465-10 2014 CONCLUSIONS: The subjects with higher serum GGT level had a higher probability of proteinuria, regardless of alcohol consumption, suggesting that GGT has a clinically greater impact on CKD than alcohol consumption. Alcohols 109-116 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 24493465-10 2014 CONCLUSIONS: The subjects with higher serum GGT level had a higher probability of proteinuria, regardless of alcohol consumption, suggesting that GGT has a clinically greater impact on CKD than alcohol consumption. Alcohols 194-201 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 25368491-3 2014 GGT levels were associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at baseline after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, C-reactive protein (CRP), current smoking status and alcohol intake (SBP, beta=1.28, P<0.001; DBP, beta=1.41, P<0.001). Cholesterol 161-172 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 25360830-7 2014 Multiple logistic regression analysis (adjusting for age, gender, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking habits, and components of metabolic syndrome) with GGT or ALT as the dependent variable revealed that there was a significant association between periodontal pockets and GGT (odds ratio, OR=1.48), but not ALT. Alcohols 89-96 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 276-279 25113653-6 2014 After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, fasting blood glucose, lipid indicators, AST, and family history of hypertension, the association between GGT levels and prehypertension remained significant (P=.021). Glucose 49-56 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 141-144 25368491-3 2014 GGT levels were associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at baseline after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, C-reactive protein (CRP), current smoking status and alcohol intake (SBP, beta=1.28, P<0.001; DBP, beta=1.41, P<0.001). Triglycerides 174-186 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 25368491-3 2014 GGT levels were associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at baseline after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, C-reactive protein (CRP), current smoking status and alcohol intake (SBP, beta=1.28, P<0.001; DBP, beta=1.41, P<0.001). Alcohols 241-248 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 25368491-4 2014 GGT levels were also associated with 4-yr change in BP after adjusting for age, BMI, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, CRP, current smoking status, alcohol intake and SBP (SBP, beta=1.08, P=0.001; DBP, beta=0.64, P=0.003). Cholesterol 89-100 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 25368491-4 2014 GGT levels were also associated with 4-yr change in BP after adjusting for age, BMI, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, CRP, current smoking status, alcohol intake and SBP (SBP, beta=1.08, P=0.001; DBP, beta=0.64, P=0.003). Triglycerides 102-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 25368491-4 2014 GGT levels were also associated with 4-yr change in BP after adjusting for age, BMI, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, CRP, current smoking status, alcohol intake and SBP (SBP, beta=1.08, P=0.001; DBP, beta=0.64, P=0.003). Alcohols 145-152 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 25452862-6 2014 As compared with NGT 1h-low, NGT 1h-high and IGT subjects exhibited significantly higher body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, high sensitivity C reactive protein, ALT, GGT, and hepatic insulin resistance (IR), assessed by the liver IR index, as well as lower high density lipoprotein, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels. Hydrogen 33-35 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 169-172 22498419-9 2013 Patients in higher GGT quartiles were predominantly males (P<0.001) and were more likely to be smoking (P=0.004), and have elevated uric acid (P<0.001), fasting blood glucose (P<0.001), CRP levels (P=0.003) and 10-year total cardiovascular risk (P=0.007) and low HDL levels (P<0.001). Uric Acid 135-144 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 24281857-0 2014 Combined incubation of colon carcinoma cells with phorbol ester and mitochondrial uncoupling agents results in synergic elevated reactive oxygen species levels and increased gamma-glutamyltransferase expression. Phorbol Esters 50-63 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 174-199 24281857-1 2014 The NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a significant determinant for the expression and activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is frequently upregulated after increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Reactive Oxygen Species 179-202 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 88-113 24281857-1 2014 The NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a significant determinant for the expression and activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is frequently upregulated after increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Reactive Oxygen Species 179-202 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 115-118 24281857-1 2014 The NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a significant determinant for the expression and activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is frequently upregulated after increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Reactive Oxygen Species 204-207 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 88-113 24281857-1 2014 The NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a significant determinant for the expression and activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is frequently upregulated after increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Reactive Oxygen Species 204-207 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 115-118 24281857-2 2014 Earlier studies on human colon carcinoma HT-29 cells have shown that treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activates NOX thus increasing the intracellular level of ROS and upregulating GGT. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 84-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 200-203 24281857-2 2014 Earlier studies on human colon carcinoma HT-29 cells have shown that treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activates NOX thus increasing the intracellular level of ROS and upregulating GGT. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 117-120 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 200-203 24281857-6 2014 The combined FCCP and PMA treatment also provoked highly increased GGT mRNA levels after 24 h whereas only minor and delayed increases in GGT protein and enzyme activity levels were detected. Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone 13-17 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-70 24281857-6 2014 The combined FCCP and PMA treatment also provoked highly increased GGT mRNA levels after 24 h whereas only minor and delayed increases in GGT protein and enzyme activity levels were detected. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 22-25 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-70 24281857-7 2014 The results strongly indicate that ROS production by both mitochondria and NOX is involved in the regulation of GGT expression in colon carcinoma cells. Reactive Oxygen Species 35-38 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 112-115 24162311-5 2014 RESULTS: There was a significant progressive increase in age-adjusted mean baPWV across quartiles of GGT in both sexes. bapwv 75-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 101-104 24162311-7 2014 CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study examined the dose-response relationship between GGT and arterial stiffness as measured by baPWV in both sexes. bapwv 131-136 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 89-92 23839159-9 2013 This prognostic value of GGT was further validated in the mass-forming, normal bilirubin, and Child-Pugh A subgroups. Bilirubin 79-88 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-28 23820266-0 2013 gamma-Glutamyltransferase catabolism of S-nitrosoglutathione modulates IL-8 expression in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells. S-Nitrosoglutathione 40-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 23820266-3 2013 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme activity can hydrolyze the gamma-glutamyl bond present in the GSNO molecule thus greatly accelerating the release of bioactive nitric oxide. S-Nitrosoglutathione 101-105 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 23820266-3 2013 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme activity can hydrolyze the gamma-glutamyl bond present in the GSNO molecule thus greatly accelerating the release of bioactive nitric oxide. S-Nitrosoglutathione 101-105 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 23820266-3 2013 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme activity can hydrolyze the gamma-glutamyl bond present in the GSNO molecule thus greatly accelerating the release of bioactive nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide 166-178 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 23820266-3 2013 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme activity can hydrolyze the gamma-glutamyl bond present in the GSNO molecule thus greatly accelerating the release of bioactive nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide 166-178 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 23820266-5 2013 This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of GSNO catabolism mediated by GGT on production of IL-8 in CF transmembrane regulation protein-mutated IB3-1 bronchial cells. S-Nitrosoglutathione 49-53 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 77-80 23820266-8 2013 Our data suggest that the differential GSNO catabolism mediated by GGT enzyme activity can downregulate the production of IL-8 in CF cells. S-Nitrosoglutathione 39-43 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-70 23820266-9 2013 Hence, the role of GGT activity should be considered when evaluating GSNO for both in vitro and in vivo studies, the more so in the case of GSNO-based therapies for cystic fibrosis. S-Nitrosoglutathione 69-73 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 24693503-6 2013 RESULTS: Higher means of serum GGT in smokers than in nonsmokers at baseline, and a higher incidence of elevated serum GGT in smokers than in nonsmokers during the 6-year period were recognized only for alcohol consumers. Alcohols 203-210 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 119-122 24693503-9 2013 CONCLUSIONS: Elevation of serum GGT in smokers, to a large extent, depends on the associated alcohol consumption. Alcohols 93-100 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 32-35 23239593-5 2013 RESULTS: After adjustment by multivariable logistic regression, subjects in upper stratum, i.e., >75th percentile, of either serum uric acid or GGT levels were associated with obesity, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level and high blood pressure (adjusted odds ratios [AOR] ranged from 1.63 to 5.82, all P < 0.005) compared with those in the lower stratum. -density lipoprotein cholesterol 196-228 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 147-150 22498419-9 2013 Patients in higher GGT quartiles were predominantly males (P<0.001) and were more likely to be smoking (P=0.004), and have elevated uric acid (P<0.001), fasting blood glucose (P<0.001), CRP levels (P=0.003) and 10-year total cardiovascular risk (P=0.007) and low HDL levels (P<0.001). Glucose 173-180 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 23546885-11 2013 Interactive effects between Meth and HIV-1Tg were observed in thalamus on the activities of GCS and GGT, and in thalamus and frontal cortex on Glrx activity and xCT protein expression. Methamphetamine 28-32 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 100-103 23736697-0 2013 Individual and joint impacts of ethanol use, BMI, age and gender on serum gamma-glutamyltransferase levels in healthy volunteers. Ethanol 32-39 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 74-99 23736697-1 2013 Excessive ethanol consumption, obesity and increasing age may all lead to increased serum levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme, which plays a key role in the metabolism of extracellular reduced glutathione. Ethanol 10-17 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 100-125 23736697-1 2013 Excessive ethanol consumption, obesity and increasing age may all lead to increased serum levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme, which plays a key role in the metabolism of extracellular reduced glutathione. Ethanol 10-17 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 127-130 23736697-1 2013 Excessive ethanol consumption, obesity and increasing age may all lead to increased serum levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme, which plays a key role in the metabolism of extracellular reduced glutathione. Glutathione 206-217 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 100-125 23736697-1 2013 Excessive ethanol consumption, obesity and increasing age may all lead to increased serum levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme, which plays a key role in the metabolism of extracellular reduced glutathione. Glutathione 206-217 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 127-130 23736697-8 2013 Among those over 40 years of age, ethanol consumption was found to be a stronger determinant of increased GGT levels than in men below 40 years, whereas in the latter age group, BMI was found to predominate. Ethanol 34-41 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 106-109 23736697-10 2013 The data underscores the role of ethanol consumption and age as major determinants of increased GGT levels in men, whereas in women, a relatively stronger impact was noted for ethanol intake and BMI. Ethanol 33-40 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 96-99 23448276-1 2013 The enzymes gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) have important roles in glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, and both are frequently upregulated after acute oxidative stress. Glutathione 104-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 12-37 23399927-8 2013 After adjusting for potential confounders, including sex, BMI, blood pressure, lipids, and glucose, we found that the serum GGT and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were associated independently with CFR impairment (b=-0.205, P=0.007; b=-0.172, P=0.024). Glucose 91-98 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 124-127 23760112-9 2013 Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that increased GGT level was an independent risk factor for high Gensini and Syntax scores (p=0.029 and p=0.035, respectively), together with age (p=0.001 and p=0.002, respectively) and serum glucose levels (p=0.017 and p=0.012, respectively). Glucose 245-252 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 68-71 23492307-0 2013 Dose- and gender-dependent interactions between coffee consumption and serum GGT activity in alcohol consumers. Alcohols 93-100 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 77-80 23492307-2 2013 To explore the relationship and dose response, we assessed the impacts of coffee and alcohol intake on serum GGT activity in apparently healthy men and women with varying levels of coffee and alcohol consumption. Alcohols 85-92 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 109-112 23492307-8 2013 CONCLUSION: Coffee modulates the effect of ethanol on serum GGT activities in a dose- and gender-dependent manner. Ethanol 43-50 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 60-63 23448276-1 2013 The enzymes gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) have important roles in glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, and both are frequently upregulated after acute oxidative stress. Glutathione 104-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-42 23448276-1 2013 The enzymes gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) have important roles in glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, and both are frequently upregulated after acute oxidative stress. Glutathione 117-120 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 12-37 23448276-1 2013 The enzymes gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) have important roles in glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, and both are frequently upregulated after acute oxidative stress. Glutathione 117-120 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-42 23448276-2 2013 Mitochondria are major producers of ROS, and incubating the colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 cells with mitochondrial uncouplers significantly increased endogenous ROS as well as mRNA for both GGT and GCLC (the catalytic subunit of GCL). ros 36-39 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 202-205 23500672-1 2013 The enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl isopeptide bond of glutathione conjugates (donor substrates), releasing glutamic acid, or the transfer of the donor"s gamma-glutamyl group to an acceptor substrate, such as a dipeptide. Glutathione 109-120 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 11-36 23500672-1 2013 The enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl isopeptide bond of glutathione conjugates (donor substrates), releasing glutamic acid, or the transfer of the donor"s gamma-glutamyl group to an acceptor substrate, such as a dipeptide. Glutathione 109-120 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 23500672-1 2013 The enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl isopeptide bond of glutathione conjugates (donor substrates), releasing glutamic acid, or the transfer of the donor"s gamma-glutamyl group to an acceptor substrate, such as a dipeptide. Glutamic Acid 162-175 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 11-36 23500672-1 2013 The enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl isopeptide bond of glutathione conjugates (donor substrates), releasing glutamic acid, or the transfer of the donor"s gamma-glutamyl group to an acceptor substrate, such as a dipeptide. Glutamic Acid 162-175 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 23500672-1 2013 The enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl isopeptide bond of glutathione conjugates (donor substrates), releasing glutamic acid, or the transfer of the donor"s gamma-glutamyl group to an acceptor substrate, such as a dipeptide. Dipeptides 265-274 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 11-36 23500672-1 2013 The enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl isopeptide bond of glutathione conjugates (donor substrates), releasing glutamic acid, or the transfer of the donor"s gamma-glutamyl group to an acceptor substrate, such as a dipeptide. Dipeptides 265-274 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 23500672-3 2013 The transpeptidation activity of bovine kidney GGT was measured with glycylglycine as the acceptor substrate and several glutathione conjugate donor substrates, representative of detoxication products of polycyclic aromatic xenobiotics. Glycylglycine 69-82 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 47-50 23500672-3 2013 The transpeptidation activity of bovine kidney GGT was measured with glycylglycine as the acceptor substrate and several glutathione conjugate donor substrates, representative of detoxication products of polycyclic aromatic xenobiotics. Glutathione 121-132 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 47-50 23344614-1 2013 INTRODUCTION: gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a plasma membrane enzyme, which is involved in antioxidant glutathione resynthesis. Glutathione 108-119 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 14-39 23552170-12 2013 GGT and UA were positively associated with prediabetes in men and women, independent of age, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol consumption, blood pressure, physical labor, and other confounders. Alcohols 113-120 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 23000601-4 2013 The means of baPWV tend to increase in both genders according to GGT tertiles. bapwv 13-18 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 65-68 23000601-7 2013 The GGT was a significant determinant for increased baPWV both in men (beta = 0.017; P < .001) and in women (beta = 0.015; P < .001). bapwv 52-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 4-7 24231012-7 2013 But in the glutamine-supplemented group, the serum concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) significantly decreased after PN for 7 days and 14 days (p<0.05), and the level of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) showed no increase. Glutamine 11-20 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 105-136 24231012-9 2013 Levels of AKP was higher in control group than glutamine-supplemented group, and GGT level was lower in glutamine-supplemented group compared with controls. Glutamine 104-113 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 81-84 22749559-0 2013 High-sensitivity gamma-glutamyltransferase fraction pattern in alcohol addicts and abstainers. Alcohols 63-70 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 17-42 20625912-1 2013 Elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level is independently correlated with conditions associated with increased atherosclerosis, such as obesity, elevated serum cholesterol, high blood pressure and myocardial infarction. Cholesterol 166-177 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-34 20625912-1 2013 Elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level is independently correlated with conditions associated with increased atherosclerosis, such as obesity, elevated serum cholesterol, high blood pressure and myocardial infarction. Cholesterol 166-177 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 36-39 20625912-11 2013 There was also weak correlation between GGT and blood glucose levels. Glucose 54-61 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 40-43 23279060-1 2013 AIMS: The aim of the study was to evaluate the significance of total bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) for predicting outcome in sepsis-associated cholestasis. Bilirubin 69-78 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 162-165 23344614-1 2013 INTRODUCTION: gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a plasma membrane enzyme, which is involved in antioxidant glutathione resynthesis. Glutathione 108-119 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 41-44 22796154-1 2012 BACKGROUND & AIMS: The relation between gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and mortality risk has been little explored in people with diabetes. Adenosine Monophosphate 12-15 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-69 22796154-1 2012 BACKGROUND & AIMS: The relation between gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and mortality risk has been little explored in people with diabetes. Adenosine Monophosphate 12-15 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 71-74 23092212-4 2012 This study evaluated the effect modification of bilirubin and coffee consumption on the association of serum GGT with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the combined effect of bilirubin and coffee on HbA1c concentrations. Bilirubin 48-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 109-112 23092212-10 2012 Both men and women with high bilirubin had consistently lower concentrations of HbA1c across the GGT quartiles. Bilirubin 29-38 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 97-100 22753786-0 2012 Effect of age and gender on the relationship between alcohol consumption and serum GGT: time to recalibrate goals for normal ranges. Alcohols 53-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 22753786-2 2012 Therefore, further information on the associations between ethanol intake and GGT activities in apparently healthy individuals appears warranted. Ethanol 59-66 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 78-81 22753786-6 2012 RESULTS: In men over 40 years, a reported regular consumption of 8 standard ethanol doses ("dose" = 12 g ethanol) or more per week was found to lead to a significant elevation in serum GGT activities, whereas those below 40 showed first significant changes not until the reported ethanol intake exceeded 14 doses per week. Ethanol 76-83 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 185-188 22753786-6 2012 RESULTS: In men over 40 years, a reported regular consumption of 8 standard ethanol doses ("dose" = 12 g ethanol) or more per week was found to lead to a significant elevation in serum GGT activities, whereas those below 40 showed first significant changes not until the reported ethanol intake exceeded 14 doses per week. Ethanol 105-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 185-188 22753786-6 2012 RESULTS: In men over 40 years, a reported regular consumption of 8 standard ethanol doses ("dose" = 12 g ethanol) or more per week was found to lead to a significant elevation in serum GGT activities, whereas those below 40 showed first significant changes not until the reported ethanol intake exceeded 14 doses per week. Ethanol 105-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 185-188 22753786-8 2012 CONCLUSION: The data pertaining to the present population sample indicate that rather low levels of reported regular ethanol consumption lead to elevated levels of GGT and that age over 40 markedly enhances the impact of alcohol consumption on GGT activity. Ethanol 117-124 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 164-167 22753786-8 2012 CONCLUSION: The data pertaining to the present population sample indicate that rather low levels of reported regular ethanol consumption lead to elevated levels of GGT and that age over 40 markedly enhances the impact of alcohol consumption on GGT activity. Alcohols 221-228 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 244-247 23249638-3 2012 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a novel source of cellular production of oxidants in the presence of iron and reduced glutathione (GSH), is also found on platelets. Iron 122-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 22266633-5 2012 Subgroup analyses showed a stronger association between GGT and prehypertension in Koreans; men, current alcohol drinkers and subjects with pre-diabetes. Alcohols 105-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 56-59 22698421-11 2012 CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that GGT levels are positively associated with risk of MetS independently of alcohol intake. Alcohols 107-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 35-38 21626151-1 2012 The aim of this cross-sectional study was to present nationally representative findings on the co-occurrence of obesity and specific patterns of alcohol use associated with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) among adults in the United States. Alcohols 145-152 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 258-283 21626151-1 2012 The aim of this cross-sectional study was to present nationally representative findings on the co-occurrence of obesity and specific patterns of alcohol use associated with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) among adults in the United States. Alcohols 145-152 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 285-288 22320195-1 2012 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women at oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the diagnosis of GDM and to explore whether this activity is associated with metabolic parameters. Glucose 153-160 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 56-81 22320195-1 2012 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women at oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the diagnosis of GDM and to explore whether this activity is associated with metabolic parameters. Glucose 153-160 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 22148881-8 2012 gamma-Glutamyltransferase correlated with triglycerides in all four groups and after adjusting the correlations sustained in the male groups but disappeared in women. Triglycerides 42-55 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 23249638-3 2012 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a novel source of cellular production of oxidants in the presence of iron and reduced glutathione (GSH), is also found on platelets. Iron 122-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 23249638-3 2012 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a novel source of cellular production of oxidants in the presence of iron and reduced glutathione (GSH), is also found on platelets. Glutathione 139-150 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 23249638-3 2012 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a novel source of cellular production of oxidants in the presence of iron and reduced glutathione (GSH), is also found on platelets. Glutathione 139-150 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 23249638-3 2012 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a novel source of cellular production of oxidants in the presence of iron and reduced glutathione (GSH), is also found on platelets. Glutathione 152-155 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 23249638-3 2012 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a novel source of cellular production of oxidants in the presence of iron and reduced glutathione (GSH), is also found on platelets. Glutathione 152-155 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 23249638-6 2012 Stimulation of platelet GGT activity with GSH and glycylglycine (GlyGly) increased caspase-3 activation and PS exposure. Glutathione 52-55 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 23249638-6 2012 Stimulation of platelet GGT activity with GSH and glycylglycine (GlyGly) increased caspase-3 activation and PS exposure. Glycylglycine 60-73 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 23249638-6 2012 Stimulation of platelet GGT activity with GSH and glycylglycine (GlyGly) increased caspase-3 activation and PS exposure. Glycylglycine 85-91 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 23249638-7 2012 A significant increase in lipid and protein oxidation and decrease in GSH and catalase levels was also observed in platelets with stimulation of GGT activity in the presence of Tf. Glutathione 80-83 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 165-168 23249638-9 2012 These results suggest that generation of ROS by the GGT/GSH/Tf system can modify the platelets" redox environment and induce apoptosis in in vitro conditions. Reactive Oxygen Species 41-44 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 23249638-9 2012 These results suggest that generation of ROS by the GGT/GSH/Tf system can modify the platelets" redox environment and induce apoptosis in in vitro conditions. Glutathione 66-69 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 21521327-3 2011 Gender difference has been reported in the association between GGT and baPWV. bapwv 71-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 63-66 22496859-2 2012 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme induced by oxidative stress and involved in the catabolism of GSH and its derivatives, is increased in the airways of CF patients with inflammation, but the possible implications of its increase have not yet been investigated in detail. Glutathione 105-108 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 22496859-2 2012 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme induced by oxidative stress and involved in the catabolism of GSH and its derivatives, is increased in the airways of CF patients with inflammation, but the possible implications of its increase have not yet been investigated in detail. Glutathione 105-108 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 22496859-10 2012 The prompt release of GGT may have consequences on all GGT substrates, including major inflammatory mediators such as S-nitrosoglutathione and leukotrienes, and could participate in early modulation of inflammatory response. S-Nitrosoglutathione 118-138 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 22-25 22661894-11 2012 In both sexes, GGT was associated with key components of the MetS such as triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, and body mass index. Triglycerides 74-87 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 22661894-11 2012 In both sexes, GGT was associated with key components of the MetS such as triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, and body mass index. Glucose 104-111 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 21486691-6 2011 Stratified analyses showed that for those with glucose >=6.11 mmol/L, the association between GGT and risk of prostate, breast and liver cancer became stronger (e.g. HR for GGT >=72 U/L and prostate cancer: 1.11 (0.98-1.26) and 1.35 (1.00-1.81) for glucose <6.11 and >=6.11 mmol/L, respectively). Glucose 47-54 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 97-100 21486691-6 2011 Stratified analyses showed that for those with glucose >=6.11 mmol/L, the association between GGT and risk of prostate, breast and liver cancer became stronger (e.g. HR for GGT >=72 U/L and prostate cancer: 1.11 (0.98-1.26) and 1.35 (1.00-1.81) for glucose <6.11 and >=6.11 mmol/L, respectively). Glucose 47-54 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 176-179 21486691-6 2011 Stratified analyses showed that for those with glucose >=6.11 mmol/L, the association between GGT and risk of prostate, breast and liver cancer became stronger (e.g. HR for GGT >=72 U/L and prostate cancer: 1.11 (0.98-1.26) and 1.35 (1.00-1.81) for glucose <6.11 and >=6.11 mmol/L, respectively). Glucose 255-262 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 97-100 21486691-7 2011 With pancreatic cancer, the association with GGT was weaker for those with elevated glucose levels compared to those with normal levels. Glucose 84-91 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 45-48 22496859-10 2012 The prompt release of GGT may have consequences on all GGT substrates, including major inflammatory mediators such as S-nitrosoglutathione and leukotrienes, and could participate in early modulation of inflammatory response. Leukotrienes 143-155 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 22-25 21521327-4 2011 We assessed, therefore, the association between GGT and baPWV in a large population and determined whether there was gender difference. bapwv 56-61 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 21521327-7 2011 RESULTS: In both men and women, we observed positive linearity between GGT quartiles and body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (P for trends < 0 001). Cholesterol 225-236 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 71-74 21521327-7 2011 RESULTS: In both men and women, we observed positive linearity between GGT quartiles and body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (P for trends < 0 001). Triglycerides 238-251 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 71-74 21521327-7 2011 RESULTS: In both men and women, we observed positive linearity between GGT quartiles and body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (P for trends < 0 001). Uric Acid 253-262 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 71-74 21521327-9 2011 Age-adjusted mean baPWV increased gradually in both males and females according to GGT quartiles (P for trends < 0 001 in both genders). bapwv 18-23 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 21521327-10 2011 The odds for higher baPWV (i.e. >75th percentile in each sex) were significantly higher in the highest compared with the lowest GGT quartiles, after adjustment for confounding variables, in both men [odds ratio (OR) = 1 63, 95% CI = 1 21-2 20] and women (OR = 1 56, 95% CI = 1 08-2 27). bapwv 20-25 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 131-134 21764272-4 2011 The NGT-1h-high subjects had increased levels of ALT and GGT, but not AST, as compared with the NGT-1h-low. Hydrogen 8-10 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 21764272-5 2011 Following adjustment for age and gender, the ALT, AST and GGT levels were all found to be significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides as well as fasting and post-challenge glucose and insulin levels. Triglycerides 180-193 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 58-61 21764272-5 2011 Following adjustment for age and gender, the ALT, AST and GGT levels were all found to be significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides as well as fasting and post-challenge glucose and insulin levels. Glucose 232-239 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 58-61 21349512-3 2011 The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and serum markers of inflammation and oxidative stress (C-reactive protein (CRP) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT), respectively). phthalic acid 70-79 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 191-216 21781486-8 2011 The GGT levels were significant positively related to the levels of BMI, diastolic, TC, TG, FPG and UA with Rs as 0.212, 0.226, 0.362, 0.200, 0.120 and 0.213 (P < 0.01), while negatively related to the HDL-C level (r = -0.23, P < 0.001). Technetium 84-86 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 4-7 21349512-7 2011 GGT was positively associated with mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and an MEHP% variable calculated from the proportion of MEHP in comparison to other di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 35-63 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 21349512-7 2011 GGT was positively associated with mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and an MEHP% variable calculated from the proportion of MEHP in comparison to other di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 65-69 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 21349512-7 2011 GGT was positively associated with mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and an MEHP% variable calculated from the proportion of MEHP in comparison to other di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 78-82 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 21349512-7 2011 GGT was positively associated with mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and an MEHP% variable calculated from the proportion of MEHP in comparison to other di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 78-82 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 21349512-7 2011 GGT was positively associated with mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and an MEHP% variable calculated from the proportion of MEHP in comparison to other di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. Diethylhexyl Phthalate 155-181 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 21349512-7 2011 GGT was positively associated with mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and an MEHP% variable calculated from the proportion of MEHP in comparison to other di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. Diethylhexyl Phthalate 183-187 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 21349512-8 2011 IQR increases in MEHP and MEHP% were associated with 2.5% (95% CI 0.2-4.8%) and 3.7% (95% CI 1.7-5.7%) increases in GGT, respectively. mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 17-21 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 116-119 21349512-8 2011 IQR increases in MEHP and MEHP% were associated with 2.5% (95% CI 0.2-4.8%) and 3.7% (95% CI 1.7-5.7%) increases in GGT, respectively. mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 26-30 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 116-119 21349512-9 2011 CRP and GGT were also inversely related to several phthalate metabolites, primarily oxidized metabolites. phthalic acid 51-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 8-11 20878500-5 2011 At linear regression analyses, GGT was significantly correlated with admission glycemia (r = 0.172; p = 0.002), uric acid (r = 0.146; p = 0.011), insulin (r = 0.171; p = 0.002) and age (r = -0.129; p = 0.020). Uric Acid 112-121 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 31-34 20878500-7 2011 The significant correlation between GGT and acute glucose dysmetabolism (as indicated by admission glycemia and insulin-resistance) can account, at least in part, for the prognostic role of GGT. Glucose 50-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 190-193 21512179-8 2011 CONCLUSIONS: In men with above GGT median, alcohol drinking even with light-to-moderate consumption could be a risk factor for ischemic stroke. Alcohols 43-50 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 31-34 20878500-7 2011 The significant correlation between GGT and acute glucose dysmetabolism (as indicated by admission glycemia and insulin-resistance) can account, at least in part, for the prognostic role of GGT. Glucose 50-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 36-39 21781486-8 2011 The GGT levels were significant positively related to the levels of BMI, diastolic, TC, TG, FPG and UA with Rs as 0.212, 0.226, 0.362, 0.200, 0.120 and 0.213 (P < 0.01), while negatively related to the HDL-C level (r = -0.23, P < 0.001). Triglycerides 88-90 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 4-7 21381898-0 2011 Endogenous production of reactive oxygen species by the NADPH oxidase complexes is a determinant of gamma-glutamyltransferase expression. Reactive Oxygen Species 25-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 100-125 21381898-1 2011 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) plays a significant role in antioxidant defence and participates in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH). Glutathione 118-129 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 21381898-1 2011 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) plays a significant role in antioxidant defence and participates in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH). Glutathione 118-129 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 21381898-1 2011 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) plays a significant role in antioxidant defence and participates in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH). Glutathione 131-134 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 21381898-1 2011 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) plays a significant role in antioxidant defence and participates in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH). Glutathione 131-134 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 21381898-3 2011 The present investigation studied whether the endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was a determinant for GGT expression. Reactive Oxygen Species 57-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 115-118 21381898-3 2011 The present investigation studied whether the endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was a determinant for GGT expression. Reactive Oxygen Species 82-85 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 115-118 21381898-4 2011 A substantial amount of ROS is produced through the NADPH oxidase (NOX) system and knockdown of p22phox, a sub-unit of NOX1-4, resulted not only in reduced ROS levels but also in reduced GGT expression in human endometrial carcinoma cells. Reactive Oxygen Species 24-27 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 187-190 21381898-5 2011 Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) is an activator of NOX and it was found that PMA treatment of human colon carcinoma cells both increased cellular ROS levels and subsequently up-regulated GGT expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-31 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 193-196 21381898-5 2011 Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) is an activator of NOX and it was found that PMA treatment of human colon carcinoma cells both increased cellular ROS levels and subsequently up-regulated GGT expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 33-36 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 193-196 21381898-8 2011 These results demonstrate that ROS generated from NOX enzymes are a significant determinant for GGT expression and activity. Reactive Oxygen Species 31-34 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 96-99 21370502-1 2011 At 0.12 mmol/L gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline (GGPNA), an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT. gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline 15-44 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 122-147 21370502-1 2011 At 0.12 mmol/L gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline (GGPNA), an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT. gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline 15-44 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 149-152 21370502-0 2011 Kinetic analysis of gamma-glutamyltransferase reaction process for measuring activity via an integration strategy at low concentrations of gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline. gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline 139-168 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 20-45 21370502-1 2011 At 0.12 mmol/L gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline (GGPNA), an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT. gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline 15-44 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 247-250 21370502-1 2011 At 0.12 mmol/L gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline (GGPNA), an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT. ggpna 46-51 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 122-147 21370502-1 2011 At 0.12 mmol/L gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline (GGPNA), an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT. ggpna 46-51 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 149-152 21370502-1 2011 At 0.12 mmol/L gamma-glutamyl p-nitroaniline (GGPNA), an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT. ggpna 46-51 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 247-250 21375200-6 2010 The levels of GGT compared with type 2 diabetics was found to be significantly increased when compared with BMI, waist/circumference, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood sugar level and blood pressure (P = 0.001). Cholesterol 134-145 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 14-17 20850749-2 2010 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) has been recently implicated in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, as well as in modulation of cells involved in calcium metabolism. Calcium 143-150 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 20850749-2 2010 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) has been recently implicated in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, as well as in modulation of cells involved in calcium metabolism. Calcium 143-150 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 20850749-8 2010 Total plasma GGT levels were associated with low HDL-c (p=0.028) and high triglycerides (p=0.017). Triglycerides 74-87 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 20708308-10 2011 CONCLUSION: High consumption of total fat and dietary cholesterol accompanied by a low folate, antioxidant vitamin, a special vitamin C and dietary fiber intake, contributes to elevated Hcy, GGT and MCP-1 levels and in consequence, could lead to intense inflammatory process and atherosclerosis in HF patients. Cholesterol 54-65 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 191-194 20729011-7 2011 The risk of alcohol problems using AUDIT score was positively associated with the levels of biomarkers (GGT, MCV, and TG) in men, while the relationship was significant only for MCV in women. Alcohols 12-19 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 104-107 21375200-6 2010 The levels of GGT compared with type 2 diabetics was found to be significantly increased when compared with BMI, waist/circumference, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood sugar level and blood pressure (P = 0.001). Triglycerides 147-160 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 14-17 21375200-6 2010 The levels of GGT compared with type 2 diabetics was found to be significantly increased when compared with BMI, waist/circumference, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood sugar level and blood pressure (P = 0.001). Triglycerides 162-164 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 14-17 21375200-6 2010 The levels of GGT compared with type 2 diabetics was found to be significantly increased when compared with BMI, waist/circumference, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood sugar level and blood pressure (P = 0.001). Sugars 244-249 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 14-17 21375200-8 2010 CONCLUSION: These results indicate that levels of GGT were raised with increased waist girth, BMI, blood pressure TG and low HDL, all of these are the features of metabolic syndrome according to ATP III criteria. Adenosine Triphosphate 195-198 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 50-53 20539015-4 2010 In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusting for standard risk factors and alcohol consumption as time-varying covariates (updated every 4 years), each SD increase in log-GGT was associated with a 1.39-fold risk of heart failure (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.62). Alcohols 100-107 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 196-199 20129611-2 2010 Plasma gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity is linked to bilirubin level in hepatic disease and elevated GGT is equally associated with hepatic steatosis, a frequent feature of metabolic syndrome (MS). Bilirubin 61-70 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 7-32 21200101-10 2010 Serum GGT level was moderately but significantly correlated with waist circumference (r=0.2, p=0.04), uric acid (r=0.3, p=0.008), and hs-CRP (r=0.3, p=0.002). Uric Acid 102-111 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 6-9 20129611-2 2010 Plasma gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity is linked to bilirubin level in hepatic disease and elevated GGT is equally associated with hepatic steatosis, a frequent feature of metabolic syndrome (MS). Bilirubin 61-70 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 20129611-3 2010 In order to assess the potential relationship between GGT activity and bilirubin levels in subjects exhibiting features of the metabolic syndrome, we determined circulating bilirubin levels and GGT activity in a cohort of dyslipidemic patients. Bilirubin 71-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-57 20129611-8 2010 CONCLUSION: Elevation in systemic GGT activity, which is characterized by extended generation of ROS, together with potentially deficient bilirubin-mediated antioxidative capacity of plasma, may therefore constitute key components of the systemic oxidative stress typical of metabolic syndrome. ros 97-100 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 20129611-8 2010 CONCLUSION: Elevation in systemic GGT activity, which is characterized by extended generation of ROS, together with potentially deficient bilirubin-mediated antioxidative capacity of plasma, may therefore constitute key components of the systemic oxidative stress typical of metabolic syndrome. Bilirubin 138-147 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 20388786-1 2010 Epidemiologic studies indicate that elevated levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), a key enzyme of glutathione metabolism, might be associated with increased cancer risk. Glutathione 104-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 55-80 20388786-1 2010 Epidemiologic studies indicate that elevated levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), a key enzyme of glutathione metabolism, might be associated with increased cancer risk. Glutathione 104-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 82-85 20150721-1 2010 AIM: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is known to correlate well with alcohol consumption; however, the relation between GGT and diabetes and that between alcohol consumption and diabetes mellitus (DM) is inconsistent. Alcohols 69-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 5-30 20530424-1 2010 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a key enzyme involved in glutathione metabolism and whose expression is often significantly increased in human malignancies. Glutathione 60-71 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 20530424-1 2010 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a key enzyme involved in glutathione metabolism and whose expression is often significantly increased in human malignancies. Glutathione 60-71 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 19922966-7 2010 A longitudinal increase in GGT as a time-dependent variable as well as a non-time-dependent variable was significantly related to MetS after adjusting for age plus the elapsed time from visit 1 to visit 2, baseline MetS traits, uric acid, regular exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Uric Acid 228-237 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 19922966-7 2010 A longitudinal increase in GGT as a time-dependent variable as well as a non-time-dependent variable was significantly related to MetS after adjusting for age plus the elapsed time from visit 1 to visit 2, baseline MetS traits, uric acid, regular exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Alcohols 257-264 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 19929269-0 2010 Gamma-glutamyltransferase in alcohol use disorders: Modification of decision limits in relation to treatment goals? Alcohols 29-36 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 19929269-1 2010 Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is recommended as a marker for alcohol use disorders by the Swedish National Guidelines for Addiction, although it has a low sensitivity and specificity. Alcohols 69-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 6-31 19929269-1 2010 Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is recommended as a marker for alcohol use disorders by the Swedish National Guidelines for Addiction, although it has a low sensitivity and specificity. Alcohols 69-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 33-36 19929269-2 2010 GGT is inexpensive and easily accessible but additional knowledge is required on how to use the marker in patients with various levels of alcohol intake. Alcohols 138-145 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 19929269-5 2010 Mean serum activity of GGT, in former alcohol-dependent males, was 0.26 microkat/L with an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.85. Alcohols 38-45 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 23-26 20150721-1 2010 AIM: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is known to correlate well with alcohol consumption; however, the relation between GGT and diabetes and that between alcohol consumption and diabetes mellitus (DM) is inconsistent. Alcohols 69-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 32-35 20150721-1 2010 AIM: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is known to correlate well with alcohol consumption; however, the relation between GGT and diabetes and that between alcohol consumption and diabetes mellitus (DM) is inconsistent. Alcohols 154-161 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 32-35 19943812-3 2010 This review examines evidence for an association of high normal serum GGT enzyme activity, mostly within the reference range, with the risk of mortality and major vascular (i.e., cardiovascular morbidity and mortality) and non-vascular outcomes (i.e., incident type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease and cancer), independent of alcohol consumption and other prognostic factors. Alcohols 329-336 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 70-73 19825792-3 2009 However, serum GGT may predict many diseases as a cumulative biomarker of various environmental chemicals; cellular GGT is prerequisite for metabolism of glutathione (GSH) conjugates and GSH is a critical biomolecule for conjugation diverse chemicals. Glutathione 154-165 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 20868287-7 2010 MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: GGT levels were higher in CD Group than ND Group (25.9 +- 2.1 vs. 20.1 +- 1.5 units/L, p = 0.023). Cadmium 49-51 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 23-26 20953067-6 2010 Multivariate regression analysis revealed that, in Group N, the plasma glucose levels at 60 min (PG(60)) were inversely correlated with the ISI composite and the insulinogenic index, and were positively correlated with the GGT, TC and TG levels. Glucose 71-78 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 223-226 24345629-4 2010 Both ALT and GGT but not fasting glucose levels had significant positive associations with total cholesterol, LDL, TG, and UA. Cholesterol 97-108 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 24345629-4 2010 Both ALT and GGT but not fasting glucose levels had significant positive associations with total cholesterol, LDL, TG, and UA. Thioguanine 115-117 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 24345629-5 2010 After adjusting for ALT, GGT remained a significant predictor of total cholesterol, LDL, TG, and UA, but ALT did not remain a significant predictor of these variables after adjusting for GGT. Cholesterol 71-82 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-28 24345629-5 2010 After adjusting for ALT, GGT remained a significant predictor of total cholesterol, LDL, TG, and UA, but ALT did not remain a significant predictor of these variables after adjusting for GGT. Thioguanine 89-91 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-28 19825792-3 2009 However, serum GGT may predict many diseases as a cumulative biomarker of various environmental chemicals; cellular GGT is prerequisite for metabolism of glutathione (GSH) conjugates and GSH is a critical biomolecule for conjugation diverse chemicals. Glutathione 154-165 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 116-119 19825792-3 2009 However, serum GGT may predict many diseases as a cumulative biomarker of various environmental chemicals; cellular GGT is prerequisite for metabolism of glutathione (GSH) conjugates and GSH is a critical biomolecule for conjugation diverse chemicals. Glutathione 167-170 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 19825792-3 2009 However, serum GGT may predict many diseases as a cumulative biomarker of various environmental chemicals; cellular GGT is prerequisite for metabolism of glutathione (GSH) conjugates and GSH is a critical biomolecule for conjugation diverse chemicals. Glutathione 167-170 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 116-119 19825792-3 2009 However, serum GGT may predict many diseases as a cumulative biomarker of various environmental chemicals; cellular GGT is prerequisite for metabolism of glutathione (GSH) conjugates and GSH is a critical biomolecule for conjugation diverse chemicals. Glutathione 187-190 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 19825792-4 2009 Supporting this concept, serum GGT within its normal range had clear dose-response associations with a variety of chemicals such as lead, cadmium, organochlorine pesticides, and dioxin. Cadmium 138-145 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 31-34 19825792-4 2009 Supporting this concept, serum GGT within its normal range had clear dose-response associations with a variety of chemicals such as lead, cadmium, organochlorine pesticides, and dioxin. Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated 147-161 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 31-34 19825792-4 2009 Supporting this concept, serum GGT within its normal range had clear dose-response associations with a variety of chemicals such as lead, cadmium, organochlorine pesticides, and dioxin. Dioxins 178-184 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 31-34 19419267-4 2009 The logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between increases in GGT levels and the incidence of diabetes (DM), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), dyslipidemia, and hypertension (HT). Glucose 152-159 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 88-91 18486136-11 2009 Analysis of plaque extracts also revealed the presence of enzyme product cysteinyl-glycine both as free and protein-bound form, confirming that GGT-dependent pro-oxidant reactions may occur within the plaque environment. cysteinylglycine 73-90 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 144-147 19214177-2 2009 As gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme increases cysteine availability by catalyzing glutathione breakdown and is positively associated with BMI and adiposity, we hypothesized that GGT might explain the association of tCys with adiposity. Cysteine 52-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 3-28 19214177-2 2009 As gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme increases cysteine availability by catalyzing glutathione breakdown and is positively associated with BMI and adiposity, we hypothesized that GGT might explain the association of tCys with adiposity. Cysteine 52-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 30-33 19214177-2 2009 As gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme increases cysteine availability by catalyzing glutathione breakdown and is positively associated with BMI and adiposity, we hypothesized that GGT might explain the association of tCys with adiposity. Cysteine 52-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 184-187 19214177-2 2009 As gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme increases cysteine availability by catalyzing glutathione breakdown and is positively associated with BMI and adiposity, we hypothesized that GGT might explain the association of tCys with adiposity. Glutathione 88-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 3-28 19214177-2 2009 As gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme increases cysteine availability by catalyzing glutathione breakdown and is positively associated with BMI and adiposity, we hypothesized that GGT might explain the association of tCys with adiposity. Glutathione 88-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 30-33 19214177-2 2009 As gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme increases cysteine availability by catalyzing glutathione breakdown and is positively associated with BMI and adiposity, we hypothesized that GGT might explain the association of tCys with adiposity. Glutathione 88-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 184-187 19608023-1 2009 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme responsible for the extracellular catabolism of antioxidant glutathione, may explicitly participate in atherogenesis. Glutathione 103-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 19608023-1 2009 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme responsible for the extracellular catabolism of antioxidant glutathione, may explicitly participate in atherogenesis. Glutathione 103-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 19285006-3 2009 Due to its central role in maintaining mammalian glutathione homeostasis, GGT is now believed to be a valuable drug target for a variety of life-threatening diseases, such as cancer. Glutathione 49-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 74-77 19285006-5 2009 We report here the synthesis and evaluation of an alpha-phenylthio-containing glutathione peptide mimic that eliminates thiophenol upon GGT-catalyzed hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl peptide bond. alpha-phenylthio-containing glutathione peptide 50-97 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 136-139 19285006-5 2009 We report here the synthesis and evaluation of an alpha-phenylthio-containing glutathione peptide mimic that eliminates thiophenol upon GGT-catalyzed hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl peptide bond. thiophenol 120-130 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 136-139 19285006-6 2009 The concurrent, real-time spectrophotometric quantification of the released thiophenol using Ellman"s reagent creates a GGT assay format that is simple, robust, and highly sensitive. thiophenol 76-86 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 120-123 19285006-8 2009 The ability of the glutathione mimic to behave as an excellent donor substrate (exhibiting Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a K(m) of 11.3+/-0.5 microM and a k(cat) of 90.1+/-0.8 nmol mg(-1)min(-1)), coupled to the assay"s ability to study the hydrolysis-only mode of the GGT-catalyzed reaction, make our approach amenable to high-throughput drug screening platforms. Glutathione 19-30 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 270-273 19370474-3 2009 Cellular GGT is a prerequisite for metabolism of GSH conjugates that detoxify xenobiotics to mercapturic acid. Glutathione 49-52 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 19370474-3 2009 Cellular GGT is a prerequisite for metabolism of GSH conjugates that detoxify xenobiotics to mercapturic acid. Acetylcysteine 93-109 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 19370474-4 2009 Under this concept, serum GGT may increase with increasing exposure to environmental pollutants which need to be conjugated to GSH. Glutathione 127-130 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 26-29 19370474-5 2009 Supporting this concept, it was recently reported that serum GGT within its reference range was linearly associated with important environmental pollutants, including lead, cadmium, dioxin and organochlorine pesticides. Cadmium 173-180 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 61-64 19370474-5 2009 Supporting this concept, it was recently reported that serum GGT within its reference range was linearly associated with important environmental pollutants, including lead, cadmium, dioxin and organochlorine pesticides. Dioxins 182-188 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 61-64 19370474-5 2009 Supporting this concept, it was recently reported that serum GGT within its reference range was linearly associated with important environmental pollutants, including lead, cadmium, dioxin and organochlorine pesticides. Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated 193-207 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 61-64 18557801-9 2008 In contrast, GGT was significantly associated with alcohol in both genders (P < 0.0005). Alcohols 51-58 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 19575547-9 2009 CONCLUSIONS: Taken together with the previous epidemiological evidence, the associations of serum GGT with OH-PAHs reinforce the concept that serum GGT is a marker for various environmental pollutants encountered at background levels in the general population. oh-pahs 107-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 98-101 19575547-9 2009 CONCLUSIONS: Taken together with the previous epidemiological evidence, the associations of serum GGT with OH-PAHs reinforce the concept that serum GGT is a marker for various environmental pollutants encountered at background levels in the general population. oh-pahs 107-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 148-151 18358477-8 2008 After adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, body mass index, blood pressure, lipids and glucose, we found that serum GGT levels were independently associated with CFR impairment (beta=-0.48, P=0.001). Glucose 107-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 136-139 19046217-5 2008 In multivariate linear regression analysis, plasma GGT activity levels were positively associated with sCD40L (standardized beta coefficient = 0.342; P = 0.027) independently of age, gender, diabetes duration, glycated haemoglobin, total cholesterol and systolic blood pressure. Cholesterol 238-249 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 51-54 18416873-1 2008 BACKGROUND: Gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) plays a role in cellular glutathione uptake, which is an important element of antioxidant mechanisms. Glutathione 69-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 12-37 18416873-1 2008 BACKGROUND: Gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) plays a role in cellular glutathione uptake, which is an important element of antioxidant mechanisms. Glutathione 69-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-42 18937705-1 2008 AIM: To evaluate the relationship between gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level in pregnant women at oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM). Glucose 106-113 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 42-67 18937705-1 2008 AIM: To evaluate the relationship between gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level in pregnant women at oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM). Glucose 106-113 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 69-72 18937705-4 2008 RESULTS: GGT level correlated positively with the 2-hour glucose level (Spearman"s rho = 0.112: P < 0.05). Glucose 57-64 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 18937705-6 2008 Multivariable logistic regression analysis taking into account maternal age, gestational age at OGTT, body mass index and a positive 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) indicated that high GGT was an independent risk factor for GDM (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.1 95% CI 1.2-3.8: P = 0.01). Glucose 138-145 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 187-190 18316395-9 2008 At every level of GGT, moderate or heavy alcohol drinkers (>or=42.7 g ethanol/day) had a lower risk of type 2 diabetes than nondrinkers. Alcohols 41-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 18-21 18155166-0 2008 Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) M1 null genotype and combined GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes are risk factors for increased serum gamma-glutamyltransferase in valproic acid-treated patients. Valproic Acid 159-172 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 130-155 18155166-5 2008 The alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and (gamma-glutamyltransferase) GGT levels in patients treated with VPA >6 months were significantly higher in the GSTM1- than GSTM1+ genotype. Valproic Acid 125-128 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-87 18155166-5 2008 The alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and (gamma-glutamyltransferase) GGT levels in patients treated with VPA >6 months were significantly higher in the GSTM1- than GSTM1+ genotype. Valproic Acid 125-128 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 89-92 18155166-7 2008 CONCLUSIONS: The GSTM1- and GSTM1-/GSTT1- genotypes may be a genetic risk factor for the increase of GGT in VPA-treated patients. Valproic Acid 108-111 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 101-104 18071669-3 2008 Experimental findings on cellular GGT suggest that serum GGT levels within the normal range may reflect oxidative stress related to the re-synthesis of intracellular glutathione; however, this interpretation is not completely satisfying because, in its role of regenerating intracellular glutathione, GGT activity should be antioxidative. Glutathione 166-177 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 18071669-3 2008 Experimental findings on cellular GGT suggest that serum GGT levels within the normal range may reflect oxidative stress related to the re-synthesis of intracellular glutathione; however, this interpretation is not completely satisfying because, in its role of regenerating intracellular glutathione, GGT activity should be antioxidative. Glutathione 166-177 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 18071669-3 2008 Experimental findings on cellular GGT suggest that serum GGT levels within the normal range may reflect oxidative stress related to the re-synthesis of intracellular glutathione; however, this interpretation is not completely satisfying because, in its role of regenerating intracellular glutathione, GGT activity should be antioxidative. Glutathione 166-177 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 18071669-3 2008 Experimental findings on cellular GGT suggest that serum GGT levels within the normal range may reflect oxidative stress related to the re-synthesis of intracellular glutathione; however, this interpretation is not completely satisfying because, in its role of regenerating intracellular glutathione, GGT activity should be antioxidative. Glutathione 288-299 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 18071669-3 2008 Experimental findings on cellular GGT suggest that serum GGT levels within the normal range may reflect oxidative stress related to the re-synthesis of intracellular glutathione; however, this interpretation is not completely satisfying because, in its role of regenerating intracellular glutathione, GGT activity should be antioxidative. Glutathione 288-299 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 18071669-3 2008 Experimental findings on cellular GGT suggest that serum GGT levels within the normal range may reflect oxidative stress related to the re-synthesis of intracellular glutathione; however, this interpretation is not completely satisfying because, in its role of regenerating intracellular glutathione, GGT activity should be antioxidative. Glutathione 288-299 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 18071669-4 2008 Alternatively, serum GGT activity may reflect amounts of glutathione conjugates formed during the metabolism of xenobiotics. Glutathione 57-68 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 21-24 18297606-0 2008 Plasma glutathione levels are independently associated with gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. Glutathione 7-18 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 60-85 18023410-3 2008 We devised a procedure based on gel filtration chromatography, followed by postcolumn injection of fluorescent GGT substrate (gamma-glutamyl-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin), permitting the quantification of GGT fractions in serum or plasma. gamma-glutamyl-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin 126-165 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 111-114 18023410-3 2008 We devised a procedure based on gel filtration chromatography, followed by postcolumn injection of fluorescent GGT substrate (gamma-glutamyl-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin), permitting the quantification of GGT fractions in serum or plasma. gamma-glutamyl-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin 126-165 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 201-204 18234566-0 2008 Vitamin C supply to bronchial epithelial cells linked to glutathione availability in elf--a role for secreted gamma-glutamyltransferase? Ascorbic Acid 0-9 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 110-135 18234566-1 2008 Previous work in our laboratory has shown that glutathione (GSH) availability is linked to cellular supply of ascorbic acid, through the action of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Glutathione 47-58 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 147-172 18234566-1 2008 Previous work in our laboratory has shown that glutathione (GSH) availability is linked to cellular supply of ascorbic acid, through the action of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Glutathione 47-58 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 174-177 18234566-1 2008 Previous work in our laboratory has shown that glutathione (GSH) availability is linked to cellular supply of ascorbic acid, through the action of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Glutathione 60-63 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 147-172 18234566-1 2008 Previous work in our laboratory has shown that glutathione (GSH) availability is linked to cellular supply of ascorbic acid, through the action of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Glutathione 60-63 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 174-177 18234566-1 2008 Previous work in our laboratory has shown that glutathione (GSH) availability is linked to cellular supply of ascorbic acid, through the action of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Ascorbic Acid 110-123 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 147-172 18234566-1 2008 Previous work in our laboratory has shown that glutathione (GSH) availability is linked to cellular supply of ascorbic acid, through the action of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Ascorbic Acid 110-123 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 174-177 18234566-3 2008 We verified thus the possibility that GGT-mediated metabolism of glutathione may favour the supply of ascorbic acid to bronchial cells. Glutathione 65-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 18234566-3 2008 We verified thus the possibility that GGT-mediated metabolism of glutathione may favour the supply of ascorbic acid to bronchial cells. Ascorbic Acid 102-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 18234566-4 2008 Using human BEAS-2B cells transfected with GGT cDNA, as well as WT cells exposed to ELF-like GGT concentrations, we observed that indeed much higher (5-10 fold) levels of ascorbic acid are accumulated in the presence of GSH and active GGT. Ascorbic Acid 171-184 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 43-46 18234566-4 2008 Using human BEAS-2B cells transfected with GGT cDNA, as well as WT cells exposed to ELF-like GGT concentrations, we observed that indeed much higher (5-10 fold) levels of ascorbic acid are accumulated in the presence of GSH and active GGT. Ascorbic Acid 171-184 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 93-96 18234566-4 2008 Using human BEAS-2B cells transfected with GGT cDNA, as well as WT cells exposed to ELF-like GGT concentrations, we observed that indeed much higher (5-10 fold) levels of ascorbic acid are accumulated in the presence of GSH and active GGT. Ascorbic Acid 171-184 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 93-96 18297606-4 2008 By multivariable analysis only male gender (p <0.001), risk factor number (p <0.001) and glutathione (p <0.001) were independently associated with GGT activity. Glutathione 95-106 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 156-159 18297606-5 2008 These findings suggest that an ongoing redox imbalance, in terms of decreased plasma glutathione, is associated with raised GGT activity in subjects with a greater risk factor burden. Glutathione 85-96 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 124-127 18184470-7 2008 RESULTS: The index of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was positively correlated to total bilirubin (TB) (r=0.368, P<0.001), but alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was not. Bilirubin 89-98 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 22-47 18184470-7 2008 RESULTS: The index of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was positively correlated to total bilirubin (TB) (r=0.368, P<0.001), but alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was not. Bilirubin 89-98 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-52 18184470-7 2008 RESULTS: The index of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was positively correlated to total bilirubin (TB) (r=0.368, P<0.001), but alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was not. Bilirubin 100-102 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 22-47 18184470-7 2008 RESULTS: The index of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was positively correlated to total bilirubin (TB) (r=0.368, P<0.001), but alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was not. Bilirubin 100-102 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-52 17984672-6 2007 After adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, body mass index, blood pressure, lipids and glucose, we found that serum GGT levels were independently associated with CFR impairment (beta = -0.62, P < 0.0001). Glucose 107-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 136-139 17698237-1 2008 We investigated the association between the serum level of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and parameters of adiposity and lipid profile, including the serum triglyceride (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic subjects. Cholesterol 209-220 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 86-89 17698237-4 2008 Serum GGT was significantly correlated with the waist circumference, BMI, visceral fat area (VFA), L/S ratio and TG, but not with the subcutaneous fat area (SFA). Triglycerides 113-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 6-9 17965490-3 2007 There were statistically significant increments of baPWV according to quartile of GGT, which was statistically significant in women, but not in men. bapwv 51-56 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 82-85 17596883-0 2007 A comparison of associations of alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase with fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and glycated hemoglobin in women with and without diabetes. Glucose 100-107 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 61-86 17895553-6 2007 Higher serum GGT levels were positively associated with prehypertension, independent of smoking, waist circumference, diabetes, cholesterol levels and other confounders. Cholesterol 128-139 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 17353063-10 2007 In linear regression model, serum GGT was mainly influenced by the concentration of triglycerides and fasting glucose. Triglycerides 84-97 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 17353063-10 2007 In linear regression model, serum GGT was mainly influenced by the concentration of triglycerides and fasting glucose. Glucose 110-117 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 17596883-3 2007 Associations of ALT and GGT with fasting glucose and HbA1c and of ALT with fasting insulin (and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA]) are stronger in women with diabetes compared to women without diabetes (P for interaction < 0.001). Glucose 41-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 24-27 17045579-4 2007 It is postulated here that the diagnosis of alcohol use disorders could be markedly improved by a more systematic use of specific questionnaires and laboratory tests, including blood ethanol, serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), and mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes (MCV). Alcohols 44-51 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 198-223 17636103-8 2007 Significant positive associations of GGT and ALT with diabetes were seen within each stratified category of risk factors, namely fasting insulin, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and alcohol consumption. Alcohols 212-219 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 37-40 17110470-8 2007 After adjustments were made for age, baseline GFR, triglyceride, and HDL-C, the risk for CKD increased with an increasing quartile of serum GGT (p for trend <0.001). Triglycerides 51-63 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 140-143 17098749-4 2007 RESULTS: Changes in GGT occurring with changes in alcohol consumption were similar regardless of ethnicity. Alcohols 50-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 20-23 17098749-5 2007 Although alcohol-associated changes were similar in these ethnic groups, African Americans had the highest average GGT at any given level of alcohol use. Alcohols 141-148 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 115-118 16969645-5 2006 RESULTS: Changes in GGT level were correlated with changes in markers of insulin resistance (fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), as well as with the following elements of the metabolic syndrome: central obesity, and increased fasting glucose, triglycerides and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic). Glucose 268-275 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 20-23 16483579-7 2006 Further adjustment for hypertension, TC/HDL ratio, diabetes, smoking, physical activity, alcohol intake, education years and BMI attenuated the association; comparing the highest versus lowest quartile of GGT the HR for a first-ever coronary event was then 2.34 (95% CI, 1.23-4.44). Alcohols 89-96 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 205-208 16969645-5 2006 RESULTS: Changes in GGT level were correlated with changes in markers of insulin resistance (fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), as well as with the following elements of the metabolic syndrome: central obesity, and increased fasting glucose, triglycerides and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic). Triglycerides 277-290 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 20-23 16928443-0 2006 Modulation of cell growth and cisplatin sensitivity by membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase in melanoma cells. Cisplatin 30-39 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 64-89 16928443-8 2006 In conclusion, these results indicate that GGT activity confers a growth advantage unrelated with intracellular glutathione supply, and are consistent with the interpretation that cisplatin resistance is the consequence of modifications of cellular pharmacokinetics as a result of extracellular drug inactivation by thiol metabolites originated by GGT-mediated GSH cleavage. Glutathione 361-364 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 43-46 16928443-1 2006 The plasma membrane enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is regarded as critical for the maintenance of intracellular levels of glutathione (GSH). Glutathione 130-141 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-52 16928443-1 2006 The plasma membrane enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is regarded as critical for the maintenance of intracellular levels of glutathione (GSH). Glutathione 130-141 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-57 16928443-1 2006 The plasma membrane enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is regarded as critical for the maintenance of intracellular levels of glutathione (GSH). Glutathione 143-146 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-52 16928443-1 2006 The plasma membrane enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is regarded as critical for the maintenance of intracellular levels of glutathione (GSH). Glutathione 143-146 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-57 16928443-2 2006 GGT expression has been implicated in drug resistance through elevation of intracellular GSH. Glutathione 89-92 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 16928443-3 2006 The dependence of intracellular GSH on GGT expression was not conclusively ascertained. Glutathione 32-35 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-42 16928443-6 2006 In addition, GGT-transfected cells exhibited reduced sensitivity to cisplatin associated with lower DNA platination. Cisplatin 68-77 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 16928443-7 2006 A decrease in intracellular GSH levels, rather than an increase, was observed in GGT-transfected cells; moreover, in cysteine-deficient conditions, the expression of GGT did not provide transfected cells with the ability of utilising extracellular GSH. Glutathione 28-31 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 81-84 16928443-8 2006 In conclusion, these results indicate that GGT activity confers a growth advantage unrelated with intracellular glutathione supply, and are consistent with the interpretation that cisplatin resistance is the consequence of modifications of cellular pharmacokinetics as a result of extracellular drug inactivation by thiol metabolites originated by GGT-mediated GSH cleavage. Cisplatin 180-189 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 43-46 16928443-8 2006 In conclusion, these results indicate that GGT activity confers a growth advantage unrelated with intracellular glutathione supply, and are consistent with the interpretation that cisplatin resistance is the consequence of modifications of cellular pharmacokinetics as a result of extracellular drug inactivation by thiol metabolites originated by GGT-mediated GSH cleavage. Cisplatin 180-189 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 348-351 16928443-8 2006 In conclusion, these results indicate that GGT activity confers a growth advantage unrelated with intracellular glutathione supply, and are consistent with the interpretation that cisplatin resistance is the consequence of modifications of cellular pharmacokinetics as a result of extracellular drug inactivation by thiol metabolites originated by GGT-mediated GSH cleavage. Sulfhydryl Compounds 316-321 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 43-46 16799164-1 2006 AIMS: A combined index based on gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) measurements (GGT-CDT) has been recently suggested to improve the detection of excessive ethanol consumption. Carbohydrates 68-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 123-126 16799164-1 2006 AIMS: A combined index based on gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) measurements (GGT-CDT) has been recently suggested to improve the detection of excessive ethanol consumption. Ethanol 198-205 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 32-57 16799164-1 2006 AIMS: A combined index based on gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) measurements (GGT-CDT) has been recently suggested to improve the detection of excessive ethanol consumption. Ethanol 198-205 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 59-62 16799164-1 2006 AIMS: A combined index based on gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) measurements (GGT-CDT) has been recently suggested to improve the detection of excessive ethanol consumption. Ethanol 198-205 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 123-126 16799164-7 2006 CONCLUSIONS: GGT-CDT improves the sensitivity of detecting excessive ethanol consumption as compared with the traditional markers of ethanol consumption. Ethanol 69-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 16891060-2 2006 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme responsible for the extracellular catabolism of antioxidant glutathione, may directly take part in atherogenesis and evolve as a potential biochemical risk indicator of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Glutathione 103-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 16714057-4 2006 In multivariate analysis across 12 variables, waist circumference, sex, complement C3, moderate alcohol intake and uric acid were significant independent covariates of serum GGT. Alcohols 96-103 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 174-177 16714057-4 2006 In multivariate analysis across 12 variables, waist circumference, sex, complement C3, moderate alcohol intake and uric acid were significant independent covariates of serum GGT. Uric Acid 115-124 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 174-177 16910310-0 2006 [Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase levels and the risks of impaired fasting glucose in healthy men: a 2-year follow-up]. Glucose 74-81 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 7-32 16910310-1 2006 OBJECTIVES: An increase in the serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) concentration has been regarded as a marker of alcohol drinking or liver disease. Alcohols 116-123 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 37-62 16910310-1 2006 OBJECTIVES: An increase in the serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) concentration has been regarded as a marker of alcohol drinking or liver disease. Alcohols 116-123 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 64-67 16910310-3 2006 In this study we investigated whether serum GGT is a reliable predictor of the incident impaired fasting glucose (IFG), including diabetes. Glucose 105-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 16386375-1 2006 The activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is frequently upregulated in tumor cells after oxidative stress and may thus increase the availability of amino acids needed for biosynthesis of the antioxidant glutathione. Glutathione 209-220 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 16-41 16386375-1 2006 The activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is frequently upregulated in tumor cells after oxidative stress and may thus increase the availability of amino acids needed for biosynthesis of the antioxidant glutathione. Glutathione 209-220 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 43-46 16303117-1 2006 The expression of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), a cell surface enzyme involved in cellular glutathione homeostasis, is often significantly increased in human tumors, and its role in tumor progression, invasion and drug resistance has been repeatedly suggested. Glutathione 94-105 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 18-43 16303117-1 2006 The expression of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), a cell surface enzyme involved in cellular glutathione homeostasis, is often significantly increased in human tumors, and its role in tumor progression, invasion and drug resistance has been repeatedly suggested. Glutathione 94-105 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 45-48 16303117-2 2006 As GGT participates in the metabolism of cellular glutathione, its activity has been mostly regarded as a factor in reconsitution of cellular antioxidant/antitoxic defences. Glutathione 50-61 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 3-6 16303117-3 2006 On this basis, an involvement of GGT expression in resistance of cancer cells to cytotoxic drugs (in particular, cisplatin and other electrophilic agents) has been envisaged. Cisplatin 113-122 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 33-36 16303117-6 2006 Indications exist that the protective effects of GGT may be independent of intracellular glutathione, and derive rather from processes taking place at extracellular level and involving reactions of electrophilic drugs with thiol metabolites originating from GGT-mediated cleavage of extracellular glutathione. Glutathione 89-100 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-52 16303117-6 2006 Indications exist that the protective effects of GGT may be independent of intracellular glutathione, and derive rather from processes taking place at extracellular level and involving reactions of electrophilic drugs with thiol metabolites originating from GGT-mediated cleavage of extracellular glutathione. Sulfhydryl Compounds 223-228 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-52 16303117-6 2006 Indications exist that the protective effects of GGT may be independent of intracellular glutathione, and derive rather from processes taking place at extracellular level and involving reactions of electrophilic drugs with thiol metabolites originating from GGT-mediated cleavage of extracellular glutathione. Sulfhydryl Compounds 223-228 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 258-261 16303117-6 2006 Indications exist that the protective effects of GGT may be independent of intracellular glutathione, and derive rather from processes taking place at extracellular level and involving reactions of electrophilic drugs with thiol metabolites originating from GGT-mediated cleavage of extracellular glutathione. Glutathione 297-308 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-52 16303117-6 2006 Indications exist that the protective effects of GGT may be independent of intracellular glutathione, and derive rather from processes taking place at extracellular level and involving reactions of electrophilic drugs with thiol metabolites originating from GGT-mediated cleavage of extracellular glutathione. Glutathione 297-308 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 258-261 16891060-2 2006 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme responsible for the extracellular catabolism of antioxidant glutathione, may directly take part in atherogenesis and evolve as a potential biochemical risk indicator of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Glutathione 103-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 16203871-2 2005 GGT is a marker of alcohol consumption, but it is also related to the infiltration of fat in the liver (fatty liver). Alcohols 19-26 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 16099340-9 2005 CONCLUSIONS: Applying a new statistical analysis to this retrospective cohort study of 5 years, we revealed the health influences of alcohol consumption, smoking and eating habits on increased serum GGT. Alcohols 133-140 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 199-202 15850467-7 2005 As the activity of several inflammatory mediators, such as leukotrienes, nitric oxide, and interleukins is modulated by GGT activity, the present findings suggest a direct relationship between serum GGT, enhanced intrahepatic GGT activity and prognosis and therapeutic outcome of chronic HCV infection. Leukotrienes 59-71 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 120-123 15998246-0 2005 The S-thiolating activity of membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase: formation of cysteinyl-glycine mixed disulfides with cellular proteins and in the cell microenvironment. cysteinylglycine 78-95 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-63 15998246-0 2005 The S-thiolating activity of membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase: formation of cysteinyl-glycine mixed disulfides with cellular proteins and in the cell microenvironment. Disulfides 102-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-63 15998246-1 2005 Previous studies have documented that activity of the plasma membrane enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is accompanied by prooxidant processes, with production of reactive oxygen species and oxidation of cellular protein thiols. Reactive Oxygen Species 168-191 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 77-102 15998246-1 2005 Previous studies have documented that activity of the plasma membrane enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is accompanied by prooxidant processes, with production of reactive oxygen species and oxidation of cellular protein thiols. Reactive Oxygen Species 168-191 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 104-107 15998246-1 2005 Previous studies have documented that activity of the plasma membrane enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is accompanied by prooxidant processes, with production of reactive oxygen species and oxidation of cellular protein thiols. Sulfhydryl Compounds 226-232 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 77-102 15998246-1 2005 Previous studies have documented that activity of the plasma membrane enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is accompanied by prooxidant processes, with production of reactive oxygen species and oxidation of cellular protein thiols. Sulfhydryl Compounds 226-232 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 104-107 15998246-3 2005 Experiments show that the cysteinyl-glycine (CG) originating from cellular GGT-mediated glutathione (GSH) metabolism can efficiently thiolate cellular proteins, as well as proteins present in the extracellular environment. cysteinylglycine 26-43 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 75-78 15998246-3 2005 Experiments show that the cysteinyl-glycine (CG) originating from cellular GGT-mediated glutathione (GSH) metabolism can efficiently thiolate cellular proteins, as well as proteins present in the extracellular environment. cysteinylglycine 45-47 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 75-78 15998246-3 2005 Experiments show that the cysteinyl-glycine (CG) originating from cellular GGT-mediated glutathione (GSH) metabolism can efficiently thiolate cellular proteins, as well as proteins present in the extracellular environment. Glutathione 88-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 75-78 15998246-3 2005 Experiments show that the cysteinyl-glycine (CG) originating from cellular GGT-mediated glutathione (GSH) metabolism can efficiently thiolate cellular proteins, as well as proteins present in the extracellular environment. Glutathione 101-104 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 75-78 15998246-3 2005 Experiments show that the cysteinyl-glycine (CG) originating from cellular GGT-mediated glutathione (GSH) metabolism can efficiently thiolate cellular proteins, as well as proteins present in the extracellular environment. thiolate 133-141 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 75-78 15998246-4 2005 With cells presenting high levels of GGT expression, basal levels of CG-containing protein mixed disulfides are detectable, in cellular proteins, as well as in proteins of the culture medium. Disulfides 97-107 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 37-40 15998246-5 2005 Stimulation of GGT activity in these cells by administration of substrates results in an increase of CG mixed disulfide formation and a concomitant decrease of GSH-containing disulfides, likely due to GGT-dependent removal of GSH from the system. Disulfides 110-119 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 15998246-5 2005 Stimulation of GGT activity in these cells by administration of substrates results in an increase of CG mixed disulfide formation and a concomitant decrease of GSH-containing disulfides, likely due to GGT-dependent removal of GSH from the system. Disulfides 110-119 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 201-204 15998246-5 2005 Stimulation of GGT activity in these cells by administration of substrates results in an increase of CG mixed disulfide formation and a concomitant decrease of GSH-containing disulfides, likely due to GGT-dependent removal of GSH from the system. Glutathione 160-163 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 15998246-5 2005 Stimulation of GGT activity in these cells by administration of substrates results in an increase of CG mixed disulfide formation and a concomitant decrease of GSH-containing disulfides, likely due to GGT-dependent removal of GSH from the system. Glutathione 160-163 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 201-204 15998246-5 2005 Stimulation of GGT activity in these cells by administration of substrates results in an increase of CG mixed disulfide formation and a concomitant decrease of GSH-containing disulfides, likely due to GGT-dependent removal of GSH from the system. Disulfides 175-185 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 15998246-5 2005 Stimulation of GGT activity in these cells by administration of substrates results in an increase of CG mixed disulfide formation and a concomitant decrease of GSH-containing disulfides, likely due to GGT-dependent removal of GSH from the system. Disulfides 175-185 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 201-204 15998246-5 2005 Stimulation of GGT activity in these cells by administration of substrates results in an increase of CG mixed disulfide formation and a concomitant decrease of GSH-containing disulfides, likely due to GGT-dependent removal of GSH from the system. Glutathione 226-229 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 15998246-5 2005 Stimulation of GGT activity in these cells by administration of substrates results in an increase of CG mixed disulfide formation and a concomitant decrease of GSH-containing disulfides, likely due to GGT-dependent removal of GSH from the system. Glutathione 226-229 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 201-204 15998246-6 2005 The findings reported suggest that binding of CG ("protein S-cysteylglycylation") may represent an as yet unrecognized function of membrane GGT, likely playing a regulatory role(s) in the cell and its surroundings. cysteinylglycine 46-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 140-143 16231758-1 2005 Many cross-sectional epidemiological studies have revealed that alcohol consumption is closely related to an increase in blood pressure, which is known to be associated with an elevated serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level, rather than to the volume of alcohol consumed. Alcohols 64-71 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 192-217 16231758-1 2005 Many cross-sectional epidemiological studies have revealed that alcohol consumption is closely related to an increase in blood pressure, which is known to be associated with an elevated serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level, rather than to the volume of alcohol consumed. Alcohols 64-71 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 219-222 15850467-7 2005 As the activity of several inflammatory mediators, such as leukotrienes, nitric oxide, and interleukins is modulated by GGT activity, the present findings suggest a direct relationship between serum GGT, enhanced intrahepatic GGT activity and prognosis and therapeutic outcome of chronic HCV infection. Leukotrienes 59-71 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 199-202 15850467-7 2005 As the activity of several inflammatory mediators, such as leukotrienes, nitric oxide, and interleukins is modulated by GGT activity, the present findings suggest a direct relationship between serum GGT, enhanced intrahepatic GGT activity and prognosis and therapeutic outcome of chronic HCV infection. Nitric Oxide 73-85 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 120-123 15850467-7 2005 As the activity of several inflammatory mediators, such as leukotrienes, nitric oxide, and interleukins is modulated by GGT activity, the present findings suggest a direct relationship between serum GGT, enhanced intrahepatic GGT activity and prognosis and therapeutic outcome of chronic HCV infection. Nitric Oxide 73-85 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 199-202 15659781-2 2004 Previous studies from our laboratory have documented that membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity can originate reactive oxygen species in the extracellular milieu, during the GGT-mediated metabolism of extracellular glutathione. Reactive Oxygen Species 122-145 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 186-189 15694941-4 2005 After adjustment for race, sex, age, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and body mass index (BMI), serum concentration of GGT across all deciles was positively associated with serum concentrations of CRP (P for trend<0.01). Alcohols 56-63 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 122-125 16399404-1 2005 Recent studies have provided evidence for the prooxidant roles played by molecular species originating during the catabolism of glutathione (GSH) effected by gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme normally present in serum and on the outer surface of numerous cell types. Glutathione 128-139 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 158-183 16399404-1 2005 Recent studies have provided evidence for the prooxidant roles played by molecular species originating during the catabolism of glutathione (GSH) effected by gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme normally present in serum and on the outer surface of numerous cell types. Glutathione 128-139 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 185-188 15659781-2 2004 Previous studies from our laboratory have documented that membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity can originate reactive oxygen species in the extracellular milieu, during the GGT-mediated metabolism of extracellular glutathione. Reactive Oxygen Species 122-145 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-92 15659781-2 2004 Previous studies from our laboratory have documented that membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity can originate reactive oxygen species in the extracellular milieu, during the GGT-mediated metabolism of extracellular glutathione. Reactive Oxygen Species 122-145 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 94-97 15952086-6 2005 Serum GGT was positively correlated with two-hour glucose during oGTT (r = 0.15, p < 0.0001) and negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity from oGTT (r = -0.31, p < 0.0001) and clamp (r = -0.27, p < 0.0001). Glucose 50-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 6-9 15952086-9 2005 Additionally, serum GGT was positively correlated with hepatic lipid content (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) independent of sex, age, BMI, AST or serum triglycerides. Triglycerides 145-158 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 20-23 15952086-11 2005 In conclusion, elevated serum GGT levels predict glucose intolerance probably via insulin resistance rather than beta-cell dysfunction. Glucose 49-56 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 30-33 15952086-14 2005 In the absence of overt liver disease, elevated serum GGT concentrations may point the clinician to incipient disturbances in the glucose metabolism. Glucose 130-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-57 16399404-1 2005 Recent studies have provided evidence for the prooxidant roles played by molecular species originating during the catabolism of glutathione (GSH) effected by gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme normally present in serum and on the outer surface of numerous cell types. Glutathione 141-144 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 158-183 16399404-1 2005 Recent studies have provided evidence for the prooxidant roles played by molecular species originating during the catabolism of glutathione (GSH) effected by gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme normally present in serum and on the outer surface of numerous cell types. Glutathione 141-144 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 185-188 16399404-3 2005 Through the action of these reactive compounds, cell membrane GGT activity can ultimately produce oxidative modifications on a variety of molecular targets, involving oxidation and/or S-thiolation of protein thiol groups in the first place. Sulfhydryl Compounds 186-191 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 16399404-4 2005 This chapter is a survey of the procedures most suitable to reveal GGT-dependent prooxidant reactions and their effects at the cellular and extracellular level, including methods in histochemistry, cytochemistry, and biochemistry, with special reference to methods for the evaluation of protein thiol redox status. Sulfhydryl Compounds 295-300 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-70 15659781-2 2004 Previous studies from our laboratory have documented that membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity can originate reactive oxygen species in the extracellular milieu, during the GGT-mediated metabolism of extracellular glutathione. Glutathione 227-238 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-92 15659781-2 2004 Previous studies from our laboratory have documented that membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity can originate reactive oxygen species in the extracellular milieu, during the GGT-mediated metabolism of extracellular glutathione. Glutathione 227-238 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 94-97 15659781-2 2004 Previous studies from our laboratory have documented that membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity can originate reactive oxygen species in the extracellular milieu, during the GGT-mediated metabolism of extracellular glutathione. Glutathione 227-238 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 186-189 15528049-0 2004 Plasma membrane gamma-glutamyltransferase activity facilitates the uptake of vitamin C in melanoma cells. Ascorbic Acid 77-86 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 16-41 15528049-9 2004 The mechanism of GGT-mediated AA oxidation was investigated in acellular systems, including GGT and its substrate glutathione. Glutathione 114-125 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 17-20 15481746-7 2004 In analyses based on tertiles of alcohol consumption in the last 30 days, differences in GGT mean values between the two races tended to amplify with increasing amounts of consumption. Alcohols 33-40 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 89-92 15336318-4 2004 After adjustment for race, sex, age, and total cholesterol, serum concentration of GGT across all deciles was inversely associated with serum concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin/lutein, lycopene, and vitamin C (p for trend <.01, respectively). Cholesterol 47-58 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 15336318-4 2004 After adjustment for race, sex, age, and total cholesterol, serum concentration of GGT across all deciles was inversely associated with serum concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin/lutein, lycopene, and vitamin C (p for trend <.01, respectively). alpha-carotene 160-174 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 15336318-4 2004 After adjustment for race, sex, age, and total cholesterol, serum concentration of GGT across all deciles was inversely associated with serum concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin/lutein, lycopene, and vitamin C (p for trend <.01, respectively). beta Carotene 176-189 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 15336318-4 2004 After adjustment for race, sex, age, and total cholesterol, serum concentration of GGT across all deciles was inversely associated with serum concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin/lutein, lycopene, and vitamin C (p for trend <.01, respectively). Beta-Cryptoxanthin 191-209 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 15336318-4 2004 After adjustment for race, sex, age, and total cholesterol, serum concentration of GGT across all deciles was inversely associated with serum concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin/lutein, lycopene, and vitamin C (p for trend <.01, respectively). zeaxanthin/lutein 211-228 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 15336318-4 2004 After adjustment for race, sex, age, and total cholesterol, serum concentration of GGT across all deciles was inversely associated with serum concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin/lutein, lycopene, and vitamin C (p for trend <.01, respectively). Lycopene 230-238 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 15336318-4 2004 After adjustment for race, sex, age, and total cholesterol, serum concentration of GGT across all deciles was inversely associated with serum concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin/lutein, lycopene, and vitamin C (p for trend <.01, respectively). Ascorbic Acid 244-253 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 15051603-6 2004 RESULTS: After adjustment for nondietary factors and other food groups, GGT was positively associated with alcohol consumption and meat intake. Alcohols 107-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 72-75 15346644-1 2004 The primary role of cellular gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) is to metabolize extracellular reduced glutathione (GSH), allowing for precursor amino acids to be assimilated and reutilized for intracellular GSH synthesis. Glutathione 100-111 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 56-59 15346644-1 2004 The primary role of cellular gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) is to metabolize extracellular reduced glutathione (GSH), allowing for precursor amino acids to be assimilated and reutilized for intracellular GSH synthesis. Glutathione 113-116 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 56-59 15346644-1 2004 The primary role of cellular gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) is to metabolize extracellular reduced glutathione (GSH), allowing for precursor amino acids to be assimilated and reutilized for intracellular GSH synthesis. Glutathione 205-208 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 56-59 15346644-2 2004 Paradoxically, recent experimental studies indicate that cellular GGT may also be involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species in the presence of iron or other transition metals. Reactive Oxygen Species 112-135 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 66-69 15346644-2 2004 Paradoxically, recent experimental studies indicate that cellular GGT may also be involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species in the presence of iron or other transition metals. Iron 155-159 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 66-69 15346644-4 2004 For example, serum and dietary antioxidant vitamins had inverse, dose-response relations to serum GGT level within its normal range, whereas dietary heme iron was positively related to serum GGT level. Heme 149-153 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 191-194 15346644-4 2004 For example, serum and dietary antioxidant vitamins had inverse, dose-response relations to serum GGT level within its normal range, whereas dietary heme iron was positively related to serum GGT level. Iron 154-158 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 191-194 15346644-5 2004 More importantly, serum GGT level within its normal range positively predicted F2-isoprostanes, an oxidative damage product of arachidonic acid, and fibrinogen and C-reactive protein, markers of inflammation, which were measured 5 or 15 years later, in dose-response manners. F2-Isoprostanes 79-94 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 24-27 15346644-5 2004 More importantly, serum GGT level within its normal range positively predicted F2-isoprostanes, an oxidative damage product of arachidonic acid, and fibrinogen and C-reactive protein, markers of inflammation, which were measured 5 or 15 years later, in dose-response manners. Arachidonic Acid 127-143 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 24-27 14739909-4 2004 Elevations of serum GGT were positively associated with BP and HOMA-IR in both alcohol consumers and nonconsumers. Alcohols 79-86 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 20-23 14739909-5 2004 Multiple regression analyses in the subjects showed that elevated serum GGT was an independent contributor to HOMA-IR elevations, and both serum GGT and HOMA-IR were significantly related to BP elevations after adjusting for alcohol consumption, age, body mass index, cigarette consumption, and physical activity at leisure. Alcohols 225-232 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 145-148 14739909-6 2004 Although cross-sectional observations do not provide evidence of causal association, the results suggest that elevated serum GGT in alcohol consumers relates to elevations of IR and that the elevated insulin resistance relates, at least partly, to BP elevations in alcohol consumers. Alcohols 132-139 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 125-128 15051603-9 2004 Among possible meat constituents, dietary heme iron, but not saturated fat, was associated with GGT. Heme 42-46 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 96-99 15051603-9 2004 Among possible meat constituents, dietary heme iron, but not saturated fat, was associated with GGT. Iron 47-51 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 96-99 15051603-12 2004 CONCLUSIONS: Serum GGT activity increased in a dose-response manner as alcohol and meat consumption increased and fruit consumption decreased. Alcohols 71-78 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 15051603-13 2004 Heme iron contained in meats and micronutrients contained in fruits may influence GGT metabolism. Heme 0-4 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 82-85 15051603-13 2004 Heme iron contained in meats and micronutrients contained in fruits may influence GGT metabolism. Iron 5-9 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 82-85 14726472-0 2004 Association of serum carotenoids and tocopherols with gamma-glutamyltransferase: the Cardiovascular Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Carotenoids 21-32 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-79 14726472-0 2004 Association of serum carotenoids and tocopherols with gamma-glutamyltransferase: the Cardiovascular Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Tocopherols 37-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-79 14726472-5 2004 RESULTS: Circulating concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin inversely predicted the serum GGT concentration measured 10 years later in a dose-response manner (P for trend <0.01). alpha-carotene 39-53 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 123-126 14726472-5 2004 RESULTS: Circulating concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin inversely predicted the serum GGT concentration measured 10 years later in a dose-response manner (P for trend <0.01). beta Carotene 55-68 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 123-126 14726472-5 2004 RESULTS: Circulating concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin inversely predicted the serum GGT concentration measured 10 years later in a dose-response manner (P for trend <0.01). Beta-Cryptoxanthin 74-92 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 123-126 14726472-7 2004 Adjusted geometric means of serum GGT at year 10 according to quintile of the sum of four carotenoids at year 0 (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, and zeaxanthin/lutein) were 19.9, 19.4, 18.9, 17.8, and 17.3 U/L (P for trend <0.01). Carotenoids 90-101 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 14726472-8 2004 Year 0 alpha-tocopherol was also a significant inverse predictor of year 10 serum GGT concentration (P for trend = 0.03), whereas gamma-tocopherol showed an inconsistent or possibly U-shaped association. alpha-Tocopherol 7-23 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 82-85 15163566-0 2004 Role of high normal gamma-glutamyltransferase level in identifying heavy alcohol use in young men. Alcohols 73-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 20-45 15163566-7 2004 High normal GGT level in young men is indicative of heavy alcohol use or being overweight; when present, subjects should be screened further for potential concomitant drinking problems. Alcohols 58-65 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 12-15 14738322-3 2004 The AST, ALT and GGT were positively correlated with alcohol intake (p<0.001), as well as age and body mass index (BMI); the relations to alcohol were statistically significant even when controlling for age, BMI and smoking habit. Alcohols 53-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 17-20 14684160-1 2004 In the present study the molecular mechanisms underlying tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) mediated regulation of the human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) gene were examined. tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate 57-88 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 128-153 14684160-1 2004 In the present study the molecular mechanisms underlying tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) mediated regulation of the human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) gene were examined. tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate 57-88 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 155-158 14684160-1 2004 In the present study the molecular mechanisms underlying tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) mediated regulation of the human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) gene were examined. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 90-93 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 128-153 14684160-1 2004 In the present study the molecular mechanisms underlying tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) mediated regulation of the human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) gene were examined. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 90-93 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 155-158 14684160-2 2004 TPA challenge of HeLa cells resulted in an increase of GGT mRNA and enzyme activity. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-3 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 55-58 14684160-7 2004 Collectively these results indicate that like other GSH metabolising enzymes, GGT too is a target for AP-1 mediated regulation. Glutathione 52-55 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 78-81 15552264-4 2004 These findings, and the recently recognized functions of GGT in the generation of reactive oxygen species, indicate that serum GGT represents a true marker of cardiovascular diseases and underlying atherosclerosis. Reactive Oxygen Species 82-105 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 15552264-4 2004 These findings, and the recently recognized functions of GGT in the generation of reactive oxygen species, indicate that serum GGT represents a true marker of cardiovascular diseases and underlying atherosclerosis. Reactive Oxygen Species 82-105 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 127-130 14684160-0 2004 Phorbol ester regulation of the human gamma-glutamyltransferase gene promoter. Phorbol Esters 0-13 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-63 14738322-3 2004 The AST, ALT and GGT were positively correlated with alcohol intake (p<0.001), as well as age and body mass index (BMI); the relations to alcohol were statistically significant even when controlling for age, BMI and smoking habit. Alcohols 141-148 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 17-20 14627068-0 2003 Differential responses of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase to alcohol intake in Japanese males. Alcohols 61-68 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 32-57 14686498-9 2003 However, there were also significant correlations between iron status as indicated by transferrin saturation or serum ferritin levels and SGOT, SGPT, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels. Iron 58-62 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 154-179 14686498-9 2003 However, there were also significant correlations between iron status as indicated by transferrin saturation or serum ferritin levels and SGOT, SGPT, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels. Iron 58-62 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 181-184 14686498-10 2003 Moreover, abnormal liver function as represented by elevated levels of SGOT, SGPT, GGT, and serum alkaline phosphatase was observed more frequently in patients with iron overload than in patients with a lower degree of iron burden. Iron 165-169 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 83-86 12930239-8 2003 From stratified analyses by body mass index (BMI) and alcohol intake, a stronger linear association between serum GGT and development of IFG or type 2 diabetes was found in men with a BMI >/=23.2 kg m-2 in both those who drank <46 and >/=46 g day-1 of ethanol. Ethanol 261-268 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 114-117 12906924-0 2003 Different mechanisms for gamma-glutamyltransferase-dependent resistance to carboplatin and cisplatin. Carboplatin 75-86 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-50 12906924-0 2003 Different mechanisms for gamma-glutamyltransferase-dependent resistance to carboplatin and cisplatin. Cisplatin 91-100 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-50 12906924-1 2003 In this work, we investigated the effect of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) overexpression on cell viability after carboplatin treatment and compared with cisplatin. Carboplatin 115-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-69 12906924-1 2003 In this work, we investigated the effect of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) overexpression on cell viability after carboplatin treatment and compared with cisplatin. Carboplatin 115-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 71-74 12906924-2 2003 Carboplatin challenge of HeLa cells induced GGT and glutamate-cystine ligase (GCL) activities by 2- and 1.4-fold, respectively and concomitantly increased the intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) level (1.5-fold). Carboplatin 0-11 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 12906924-6 2003 When GSH (50 microM) was included in the culture medium, only HeLa-GGT cells exhibited increased resistance to carboplatin. Glutathione 5-8 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-70 12906924-6 2003 When GSH (50 microM) was included in the culture medium, only HeLa-GGT cells exhibited increased resistance to carboplatin. Carboplatin 111-122 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-70 12906924-7 2003 Using partially purified GGT from HeLa-GGT cells, we show that cisplatin forms adducts with cysteinylglycine, depending only on GGT activity whereas carboplatin did not efficiently react with cysteinylglycine. Cisplatin 63-72 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-28 12906924-7 2003 Using partially purified GGT from HeLa-GGT cells, we show that cisplatin forms adducts with cysteinylglycine, depending only on GGT activity whereas carboplatin did not efficiently react with cysteinylglycine. Cisplatin 63-72 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-42 12906924-7 2003 Using partially purified GGT from HeLa-GGT cells, we show that cisplatin forms adducts with cysteinylglycine, depending only on GGT activity whereas carboplatin did not efficiently react with cysteinylglycine. Cisplatin 63-72 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-42 12906924-7 2003 Using partially purified GGT from HeLa-GGT cells, we show that cisplatin forms adducts with cysteinylglycine, depending only on GGT activity whereas carboplatin did not efficiently react with cysteinylglycine. cysteinylglycine 92-108 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-28 12906924-8 2003 Thus, in this model system, GGT activity can affect platinum drugs cytotoxocity by two different ways: cisplatin can be detoxified extracellularly after reaction with the -SH group of cysteinylglycine; in the case of carboplatin, the supply of GSH precursors, initiated by GGT, increases the intracellular level of the tripeptide and provides enhanced defensive mechanisms to the cell. Cisplatin 103-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 28-31 12906924-8 2003 Thus, in this model system, GGT activity can affect platinum drugs cytotoxocity by two different ways: cisplatin can be detoxified extracellularly after reaction with the -SH group of cysteinylglycine; in the case of carboplatin, the supply of GSH precursors, initiated by GGT, increases the intracellular level of the tripeptide and provides enhanced defensive mechanisms to the cell. Cisplatin 103-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 273-276 12906924-8 2003 Thus, in this model system, GGT activity can affect platinum drugs cytotoxocity by two different ways: cisplatin can be detoxified extracellularly after reaction with the -SH group of cysteinylglycine; in the case of carboplatin, the supply of GSH precursors, initiated by GGT, increases the intracellular level of the tripeptide and provides enhanced defensive mechanisms to the cell. cysteinylglycine 184-200 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 28-31 12906924-8 2003 Thus, in this model system, GGT activity can affect platinum drugs cytotoxocity by two different ways: cisplatin can be detoxified extracellularly after reaction with the -SH group of cysteinylglycine; in the case of carboplatin, the supply of GSH precursors, initiated by GGT, increases the intracellular level of the tripeptide and provides enhanced defensive mechanisms to the cell. Carboplatin 217-228 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 28-31 12906924-8 2003 Thus, in this model system, GGT activity can affect platinum drugs cytotoxocity by two different ways: cisplatin can be detoxified extracellularly after reaction with the -SH group of cysteinylglycine; in the case of carboplatin, the supply of GSH precursors, initiated by GGT, increases the intracellular level of the tripeptide and provides enhanced defensive mechanisms to the cell. Glutathione 244-247 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 28-31 12906924-8 2003 Thus, in this model system, GGT activity can affect platinum drugs cytotoxocity by two different ways: cisplatin can be detoxified extracellularly after reaction with the -SH group of cysteinylglycine; in the case of carboplatin, the supply of GSH precursors, initiated by GGT, increases the intracellular level of the tripeptide and provides enhanced defensive mechanisms to the cell. tripeptide K-26 319-329 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 28-31 12930239-8 2003 From stratified analyses by body mass index (BMI) and alcohol intake, a stronger linear association between serum GGT and development of IFG or type 2 diabetes was found in men with a BMI >/=23.2 kg m-2 in both those who drank <46 and >/=46 g day-1 of ethanol. Alcohols 54-61 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 114-117 14627068-2 2003 A positive correlation between daily alcohol consumption and biochemical markers, such as log GGT (r = 0.432), log AST (r = 0.244) or log LAP (r = 0.246), was seen in all drinkers. Alcohols 37-44 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 94-97 14627068-4 2003 On the other hand, a positive correlation, such as log GGT (r = 0.426), log AST (r = 0.247) or log LAP (r = 0.216) was found in moderate drinkers who consumed less than 70 g ethanol a day. Ethanol 174-181 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 55-58 12667613-3 2003 A basal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), exists in tumor cells, and the membrane-bound ecto-enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)-overexpressed in a variety of malignant tumors-is one of the mechanisms capable of promoting such a production. Hydrogen Peroxide 80-88 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 176-179 12881453-1 2003 BACKGROUND: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which maintains cellular concentrations of glutathione, may be a marker of oxidative stress, and GGT itself may produce oxidative stress. Glutathione 88-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 12-37 12881453-1 2003 BACKGROUND: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which maintains cellular concentrations of glutathione, may be a marker of oxidative stress, and GGT itself may produce oxidative stress. Glutathione 88-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-42 12758164-9 2003 Two distinct glycosylation features were detected for GGT in metastatic tissue in contrast to normal liver GGT; an extreme sialic acid heterogeneity and a significant increase in beta1,6GlcNAc branching. N-Acetylneuraminic Acid 123-134 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-57 12758164-9 2003 Two distinct glycosylation features were detected for GGT in metastatic tissue in contrast to normal liver GGT; an extreme sialic acid heterogeneity and a significant increase in beta1,6GlcNAc branching. beta1,6glcnac 179-192 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-57 12758164-10 2003 The GGT glycans from the two colon carcinoma cell lines also possessed these features. Polysaccharides 8-15 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 4-7 12793906-3 2003 Recent studies from our laboratory described gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (GGT) as a factor capable to effect iron reduction in the cell microenvironment. Iron 116-120 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 81-84 12793906-5 2003 The present study was aimed at verifying the possibility that GGT-mediated iron reduction may participate in the process of cellular iron uptake. Iron 75-79 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 12793906-5 2003 The present study was aimed at verifying the possibility that GGT-mediated iron reduction may participate in the process of cellular iron uptake. Iron 133-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 12793906-8 2003 Transferrin-independent iron uptake was investigated using 55Fe complexed by nitrilotriacetic acid (55Fe-NTA complex).The stimulation of GGT activity, by administration to cells of the substrates glutathione and glycyl-glycine, was generally reflected in a facilitation of transferrin-bound iron uptake. Iron 24-28 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 137-140 12793906-8 2003 Transferrin-independent iron uptake was investigated using 55Fe complexed by nitrilotriacetic acid (55Fe-NTA complex).The stimulation of GGT activity, by administration to cells of the substrates glutathione and glycyl-glycine, was generally reflected in a facilitation of transferrin-bound iron uptake. Nitrilotriacetic Acid 77-98 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 137-140 12793906-8 2003 Transferrin-independent iron uptake was investigated using 55Fe complexed by nitrilotriacetic acid (55Fe-NTA complex).The stimulation of GGT activity, by administration to cells of the substrates glutathione and glycyl-glycine, was generally reflected in a facilitation of transferrin-bound iron uptake. 55fe-nta 100-108 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 137-140 12793906-8 2003 Transferrin-independent iron uptake was investigated using 55Fe complexed by nitrilotriacetic acid (55Fe-NTA complex).The stimulation of GGT activity, by administration to cells of the substrates glutathione and glycyl-glycine, was generally reflected in a facilitation of transferrin-bound iron uptake. Glutathione 196-207 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 137-140 12793906-8 2003 Transferrin-independent iron uptake was investigated using 55Fe complexed by nitrilotriacetic acid (55Fe-NTA complex).The stimulation of GGT activity, by administration to cells of the substrates glutathione and glycyl-glycine, was generally reflected in a facilitation of transferrin-bound iron uptake. Glycylglycine 212-226 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 137-140 12793906-8 2003 Transferrin-independent iron uptake was investigated using 55Fe complexed by nitrilotriacetic acid (55Fe-NTA complex).The stimulation of GGT activity, by administration to cells of the substrates glutathione and glycyl-glycine, was generally reflected in a facilitation of transferrin-bound iron uptake. Iron 291-295 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 137-140 12793906-10 2003 Accordingly, inhibition of GGT activity by means of two independent inhibitors, acivicin and serine/boric acid complex, resulted in a decreased uptake of transferrin-bound iron. acivicin 80-88 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 12793906-10 2003 Accordingly, inhibition of GGT activity by means of two independent inhibitors, acivicin and serine/boric acid complex, resulted in a decreased uptake of transferrin-bound iron. Serine 93-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 12793906-10 2003 Accordingly, inhibition of GGT activity by means of two independent inhibitors, acivicin and serine/boric acid complex, resulted in a decreased uptake of transferrin-bound iron. boric acid 100-110 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 12793906-10 2003 Accordingly, inhibition of GGT activity by means of two independent inhibitors, acivicin and serine/boric acid complex, resulted in a decreased uptake of transferrin-bound iron. Iron 172-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 12793906-12 2003 CONCLUSION: It is concluded that membrane GGT can represent a facilitating factor in iron uptake by GGT-expressing cancer cells, thus providing them with a selective growth advantage over clones that do not possess the enzyme. Iron 85-89 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 42-45 12793906-12 2003 CONCLUSION: It is concluded that membrane GGT can represent a facilitating factor in iron uptake by GGT-expressing cancer cells, thus providing them with a selective growth advantage over clones that do not possess the enzyme. Iron 85-89 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 100-103 13677978-0 2003 [The activity of N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase and gamma-glutamyltransferase in the serum of alcohol dependent people hospitalised after a long-lasting drinking period]. Alcohols 92-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 50-75 13677978-1 2003 AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the activity of N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase (HEX) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the serum of alcohol dependent people hospitalised after a long-lasting drinking period. Alcohols 144-151 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 96-121 13677978-1 2003 AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the activity of N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase (HEX) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the serum of alcohol dependent people hospitalised after a long-lasting drinking period. Alcohols 144-151 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 123-126 13677978-12 2003 CONCLUSIONS: The activity of HEX and GGT in the serum significantly increases during long-lasting drinking period in alcohol dependent people. Alcohols 117-124 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 37-40 12667613-4 2003 The present study was aimed to verify the interactions of GGT activity with protein phosphatase and kinase activities in Me665/2/60 melanoma cells, expressing high levels of this enzyme and exhibiting both basal and GGT-dependent production of hydrogen peroxide. me665 121-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 58-61 12798968-0 2003 Relation among alcohol dehydrogenase 2 polymorphism, alcohol consumption, and levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase. Alcohols 15-22 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 88-113 12798968-3 2003 The aim of this study was to assess the relation among ADH2 polymorphism, alcohol consumption, and levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Alcohols 74-81 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 109-134 12798968-6 2003 The relations between the polymorphism and alcohol consumption and between alcohol consumption and GGT levels according to the polymorphism were assessed with the use of descriptive statistics and contingency table analysis. Alcohols 75-82 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 99-102 12798968-8 2003 Median levels of GGT increased with increasing levels of alcohol consumption. Alcohols 57-64 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 17-20 12667613-4 2003 The present study was aimed to verify the interactions of GGT activity with protein phosphatase and kinase activities in Me665/2/60 melanoma cells, expressing high levels of this enzyme and exhibiting both basal and GGT-dependent production of hydrogen peroxide. me665 121-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 216-219 12667613-4 2003 The present study was aimed to verify the interactions of GGT activity with protein phosphatase and kinase activities in Me665/2/60 melanoma cells, expressing high levels of this enzyme and exhibiting both basal and GGT-dependent production of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen Peroxide 244-261 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 58-61 12667613-4 2003 The present study was aimed to verify the interactions of GGT activity with protein phosphatase and kinase activities in Me665/2/60 melanoma cells, expressing high levels of this enzyme and exhibiting both basal and GGT-dependent production of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen Peroxide 244-261 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 216-219 12667613-6 2003 Accordingly, stimulation of GGT resulted in decreased levels of phosphotyrosine. Phosphotyrosine 64-79 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 28-31 12577192-9 2003 Mean serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and amylase significantly increased in patients treated with ddI+d4T, whereas they remained unaltered in patients under AZT+3TC. ddi+d4t 134-141 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 40-65 12760341-1 2003 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is widely used as a marker of alcohol intake, although it is documented that other factors are also associated with serum levels of GGT. Alcohols 62-69 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 12760341-1 2003 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is widely used as a marker of alcohol intake, although it is documented that other factors are also associated with serum levels of GGT. Alcohols 62-69 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 12760341-4 2003 In sex-specific multiple regression analyses, GGT showed a positive association with body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, ln triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and number of drinks per 2 weeks for both men and women. Cholesterol 108-119 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 12760341-4 2003 In sex-specific multiple regression analyses, GGT showed a positive association with body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, ln triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and number of drinks per 2 weeks for both men and women. Triglycerides 124-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 12760341-8 2003 The use of GGT as a marker of alcohol consumption in middle-aged persons should take into account sex, BMI and drinking of boiled coffee. Alcohols 30-37 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 11-14 12687334-1 2003 AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is located on the external surface of most cells and mediates the uptake of gluthathione, an important component of intracellular antioxidant defenses. gluthathione 125-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 17-42 12687334-1 2003 AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is located on the external surface of most cells and mediates the uptake of gluthathione, an important component of intracellular antioxidant defenses. gluthathione 125-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 12577192-9 2003 Mean serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and amylase significantly increased in patients treated with ddI+d4T, whereas they remained unaltered in patients under AZT+3TC. ddi+d4t 134-141 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-70 12577192-14 2003 An increase in LDH, amylase, GGT, and AP levels may signal an increase in lactate, which may be harmful. Lactic Acid 74-81 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 29-32 12608486-8 2003 The association of alcohol consumption to laboratory markers is weak in the general population: strongest for GGT, followed by CDT and MCV For CDT and MCV it is weaker in women than in men. Alcohols 19-26 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 110-113 12352223-9 2002 There was also a decrease of GGT levels detected 27 months after withdrawal of carbamazepine. Carbamazepine 79-92 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 29-32 12170116-5 2002 RESULTS: The alcohol-dependent drinkers presented higher levels of AST, GGT, AC, CDT, and BAL than the nondrinkers and drinkers, whose levels were similar. Alcohols 13-20 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 72-75 12198396-0 2002 Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin and gamma-glutamyltransferase for the detection and monitoring of alcohol use: results from a multisite study. Alcohols 101-108 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-64 12198396-1 2002 BACKGROUND: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the biological marker of heavy alcohol use, carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), in contrast to the older and more widely used gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) for the detection and monitoring of heavy alcohol use. Alcohols 86-93 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 214-217 12198396-2 2002 METHODS: In this report, CDT and GGT sensitivity and specificity for heavy alcohol intake are examined in a large multisite study in which 444 recently admitted inpatient alcoholics were compared with 204 matched social drinker controls. Alcohols 75-82 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 33-36 12198396-9 2002 CONCLUSIONS: These results support the utility of CDT, especially when used in conjunction with GGT, as an aid in detecting and monitoring heavy alcohol consumption. Alcohols 145-152 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 96-99 12123741-0 2002 Enhanced resistance of HeLa cells to cisplatin by overexpression of gamma-glutamyltransferase. Cisplatin 37-46 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 68-93 12123741-1 2002 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is a key enzyme for the cellular glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, was shown to be overexpressed in human tumor cells selected for resistance to cisplatin and to influence the resistance of experimental tumors in vivo. Glutathione 72-83 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 12123741-1 2002 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is a key enzyme for the cellular glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, was shown to be overexpressed in human tumor cells selected for resistance to cisplatin and to influence the resistance of experimental tumors in vivo. Glutathione 72-83 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 12123741-1 2002 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is a key enzyme for the cellular glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, was shown to be overexpressed in human tumor cells selected for resistance to cisplatin and to influence the resistance of experimental tumors in vivo. Glutathione 85-88 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 12123741-1 2002 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is a key enzyme for the cellular glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, was shown to be overexpressed in human tumor cells selected for resistance to cisplatin and to influence the resistance of experimental tumors in vivo. Glutathione 85-88 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 12123741-1 2002 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is a key enzyme for the cellular glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, was shown to be overexpressed in human tumor cells selected for resistance to cisplatin and to influence the resistance of experimental tumors in vivo. Cisplatin 181-190 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 12123741-1 2002 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is a key enzyme for the cellular glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, was shown to be overexpressed in human tumor cells selected for resistance to cisplatin and to influence the resistance of experimental tumors in vivo. Cisplatin 181-190 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 12123741-2 2002 We first established that cisplatin treatment of HeLa cells was accompanied by an early 3-fold induction of GGT synthesis, enhancing the possibility that this enzyme plays an important role in the cell defenses against this anticancer drug. Cisplatin 26-35 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 108-111 12123741-6 2002 Cisplatin treatment also inhibited GGT-dependent production of reactive oxygen species, a process depending on the availability of cysteinylglycine produced during GSH catabolism. Cisplatin 0-9 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 35-38 12123741-6 2002 Cisplatin treatment also inhibited GGT-dependent production of reactive oxygen species, a process depending on the availability of cysteinylglycine produced during GSH catabolism. Reactive Oxygen Species 63-86 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 35-38 12123741-6 2002 Cisplatin treatment also inhibited GGT-dependent production of reactive oxygen species, a process depending on the availability of cysteinylglycine produced during GSH catabolism. cysteinylglycine 131-147 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 35-38 12123741-6 2002 Cisplatin treatment also inhibited GGT-dependent production of reactive oxygen species, a process depending on the availability of cysteinylglycine produced during GSH catabolism. Glutathione 164-167 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 35-38 12123741-7 2002 Furthermore, we showed that cisplatin forms adducts with cysteinylglycine 10 times more rapidly than with GSH, and that these adducts were formed only in the extracellular medium of HeLa GGT cells. Cisplatin 28-37 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 187-190 12123741-8 2002 This extracellular mechanism could at least partially account for the increased resistance of GGT-rich cells to cisplatin. Cisplatin 112-121 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 94-97 11926857-7 2002 In a composite risk assessment, men with normal CDT levels (< or =20 U/L) and elevated GGT levels (>80 U/L) had nearly 8-fold adjusted risk of CHD as compared with the men with normal GGT levels and elevated CDT levels. cdt 214-217 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 90-93 12062783-1 2002 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is widely used as a marker of alcohol intake, although it is documented that other factors are also associated with serum levels of GGT. Alcohols 62-69 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 12062783-1 2002 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is widely used as a marker of alcohol intake, although it is documented that other factors are also associated with serum levels of GGT. Alcohols 62-69 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 12062783-4 2002 In sex-specific multiple regression analyses, GGT showed a positive association with body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, ln triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and number of drinks per 2 weeks for both men and women. Cholesterol 108-119 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 12062783-4 2002 In sex-specific multiple regression analyses, GGT showed a positive association with body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, ln triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and number of drinks per 2 weeks for both men and women. Triglycerides 124-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 12062783-8 2002 The use of GGT as a marker of alcohol consumption in middle-aged persons should take into account sex, BMI and drinking of boiled coffee. Alcohols 30-37 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 11-14 11926857-9 2002 CONCLUSIONS: Levels of CDT and GGT may be indicators of factors behind the curvilinear association between alcohol consumption and CHD risk. Alcohols 107-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 31-34 11926857-10 2002 The CDT level seems to be related to beneficial biological changes and GGT level with the changes that are detrimental to the cardiovascular system. cdt 4-7 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 71-74 11853185-4 2002 GGT is also useful in detecting cholestasis associated with parenteral nutrition and assessing the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid in its treatment. Ursodeoxycholic Acid 111-131 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 11880216-8 2002 CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that elevated GGT could be a predictor for hypertension in drinkers and the relationship between alcohol consumption and hypertension was shown only among those with GGT >or= 30 U/L at baseline. Alcohols 128-135 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 197-200 11880216-9 2002 These findings suggest that increased serum GGT levels may reflect individual susceptibility to the blood pressure raising effect of alcohol. Alcohols 133-140 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 11054677-9 2000 The data show that GGT is regulated by multiple mechanisms during anti-tumor drug treatment and oxidative stress and that reactive oxygen species were involved in the menadione, but not cisplatin, induction of the enzyme. Reactive Oxygen Species 122-145 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 11731087-3 2001 Butyrate reduced the GGT activity in HepG2 cells, and the level of total GGT mRNA accordingly, whereas TNF-alpha and TPA did not alter these parameters. Butyrates 0-8 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 21-24 11731087-4 2001 In LNCap cells, TNF-alpha, TPA, and butyrate reduced the activity as well as the level of GGT total mRNA. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 27-30 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 90-93 11731087-4 2001 In LNCap cells, TNF-alpha, TPA, and butyrate reduced the activity as well as the level of GGT total mRNA. Butyrates 36-44 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 90-93 11731087-5 2001 In HeLa cells no significant changes were observed either in activity or in mRNA level whereas TPA induced both GGT activity and mRNA levels in U937 cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 95-98 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 112-115 11731087-7 2001 The GGT mRNA subtypes were also differently modulated in these cells after TNF-alpha, TPA or butyrate treatment, suggesting that they are regulated by distinct and cell type specific mechanisms. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 86-89 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 4-7 11731087-7 2001 The GGT mRNA subtypes were also differently modulated in these cells after TNF-alpha, TPA or butyrate treatment, suggesting that they are regulated by distinct and cell type specific mechanisms. Butyrates 93-101 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 4-7 11054677-0 2000 Regulation of gamma-glutamyltransferase in cisplatin-resistant and -sensitive colon carcinoma cells after acute cisplatin and oxidative stress exposures. Cisplatin 43-52 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 14-39 11054677-0 2000 Regulation of gamma-glutamyltransferase in cisplatin-resistant and -sensitive colon carcinoma cells after acute cisplatin and oxidative stress exposures. Cisplatin 112-121 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 14-39 11710577-1 2001 A HPLC method was developed to monitor the production of hydroxyl free radical (*OH) produced during in vitro experiments: (i) a chemical reaction involving EDTA chelated ferric ion and various exogenous and endogenous thiols [glutathione (GSH) and its metabolites], and (ii) an enzymatic reaction corresponding to the breakdown of GSH catalyzed by gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). hydroxyl free radical 57-78 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 349-374 11710577-1 2001 A HPLC method was developed to monitor the production of hydroxyl free radical (*OH) produced during in vitro experiments: (i) a chemical reaction involving EDTA chelated ferric ion and various exogenous and endogenous thiols [glutathione (GSH) and its metabolites], and (ii) an enzymatic reaction corresponding to the breakdown of GSH catalyzed by gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). hydroxyl free radical 57-78 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 376-379 11710577-1 2001 A HPLC method was developed to monitor the production of hydroxyl free radical (*OH) produced during in vitro experiments: (i) a chemical reaction involving EDTA chelated ferric ion and various exogenous and endogenous thiols [glutathione (GSH) and its metabolites], and (ii) an enzymatic reaction corresponding to the breakdown of GSH catalyzed by gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Edetic Acid 157-161 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 349-374 11710577-1 2001 A HPLC method was developed to monitor the production of hydroxyl free radical (*OH) produced during in vitro experiments: (i) a chemical reaction involving EDTA chelated ferric ion and various exogenous and endogenous thiols [glutathione (GSH) and its metabolites], and (ii) an enzymatic reaction corresponding to the breakdown of GSH catalyzed by gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Edetic Acid 157-161 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 376-379 11710577-4 2001 Resulting data demonstrate that *OH is produced during Fenton-like reactions involving thiols and GSH catabolism via GGT. Sulfhydryl Compounds 87-93 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 117-120 11710577-4 2001 Resulting data demonstrate that *OH is produced during Fenton-like reactions involving thiols and GSH catabolism via GGT. Glutathione 98-101 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 117-120 11504314-4 2001 GGT-expressing and control 9L cells were cultured in media containing different amounts of essential amino acids and/or cytotoxic agents. Amino Acids, Essential 91-112 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 11504314-8 2001 In the cell culture model, 9L-GGT cells had a growth advantage over control cells in cysteine-deficient medium. Cysteine 85-93 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 30-33 11054677-2 2000 Improved salvage of glutathione can be obtained through increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is of importance in the maintenance of cellular glutathione homeostasis. Glutathione 20-31 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 78-103 11054677-2 2000 Improved salvage of glutathione can be obtained through increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is of importance in the maintenance of cellular glutathione homeostasis. Glutathione 20-31 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 105-108 11054677-2 2000 Improved salvage of glutathione can be obtained through increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is of importance in the maintenance of cellular glutathione homeostasis. Glutathione 165-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 78-103 11054677-2 2000 Improved salvage of glutathione can be obtained through increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is of importance in the maintenance of cellular glutathione homeostasis. Glutathione 165-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 105-108 11054677-3 2000 We investigated the regulation of GGT in 2 cisplatin-resistant and 1 cisplatin-sensitive colon carcinoma cell lines. Cisplatin 43-52 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 11054677-3 2000 We investigated the regulation of GGT in 2 cisplatin-resistant and 1 cisplatin-sensitive colon carcinoma cell lines. Cisplatin 69-78 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 11054677-9 2000 The data show that GGT is regulated by multiple mechanisms during anti-tumor drug treatment and oxidative stress and that reactive oxygen species were involved in the menadione, but not cisplatin, induction of the enzyme. Vitamin K 3 167-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 11129058-2 2000 From the Cox proportional hazards model without serum GGT at entry, significant correlates with the incidence of increased (> or = 60 U/L) serum GGT levels were the slope of body mass index (BMI), alcohol intake, cigarette smoking and coffee drinking (negative). Alcohols 200-207 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 148-151 11125855-4 2000 Especially, the effects of enzyme-inducing comedications were analysed in relation to serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level, which has been measured simultaneously with haloperidol. Haloperidol 175-186 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 92-117 11125855-4 2000 Especially, the effects of enzyme-inducing comedications were analysed in relation to serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level, which has been measured simultaneously with haloperidol. Haloperidol 175-186 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 119-122 11125855-11 2000 In the separate analysis, the change in haloperidol level was correlated with the change in GGT level in some individuals but not in others. Haloperidol 40-51 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 92-95 10487727-0 1999 Characteristics of alcohol dependent subjects with very elevated levels of Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT). Alcohols 19-26 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 75-100 10997828-4 2000 From the linear regression analysis, coffee intake was inversely related to serum GGT levels independently of age, body mass index, alcohol intake, and cigarette smoking. Alcohols 132-139 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 82-85 10829432-3 2000 From the logistic regression analysis, lifestyle factors showing a positive association with high serum GGT (> or = 60 U/l) were body mass index, alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, and snacking between meals. Alcohols 149-156 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 104-107 10829432-6 2000 Influences of snacking between meals on serum GGT are likely to be indirectly mediated through coping mechanisms of less alcohol drinking and more coffee drinking. Alcohols 121-128 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 10829432-7 2000 Our findings support the conclusions that alcohol drinking, obesity, and cigarette smoking are positively associated with raised serum GGT and that coffee consumption is inversely related to raised serum GGT. Alcohols 42-49 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 135-138 10528819-6 1999 Mean alcohol consumption in the 30 days prior to the blood test had a significant effect on CDT and GGT, but not on MCV. Alcohols 5-12 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 100-103 10487727-0 1999 Characteristics of alcohol dependent subjects with very elevated levels of Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT). Alcohols 19-26 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 102-105 10487727-1 1999 OBJECTIVE: This article examines characteristics of a subgroup of alcohol dependent men with very elevated serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity. Alcohols 66-73 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 113-138 10487727-1 1999 OBJECTIVE: This article examines characteristics of a subgroup of alcohol dependent men with very elevated serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity. Alcohols 66-73 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 140-143 10487727-2 1999 METHOD: GGT was measured in 196 men soon after admission to an inpatient alcohol and drug treatment program. Alcohols 73-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 8-11 10487727-10 1999 CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with very high GGT seem to demonstrate a more intense vulnerability to alcohol, a characteristic which appears to be stable over time. Alcohols 93-100 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 37-40 9473853-0 1998 Reduced serum levels of ALT and GGT and high carbohydrate intake among workers exposed to toluene below the threshold limit values. Toluene 90-97 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 32-35 10976859-6 1999 The inverse coffee-GGT relation was most prominent among men drinking > or = 30 ml of ethanol and smoking > or = 15 cigarettes daily; and positive associations of alcohol and smoking with GGT were attenuated by coffee drinking, more clearly among men with BMI > or = 25.00 kg/m2. Ethanol 89-96 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 10976859-6 1999 The inverse coffee-GGT relation was most prominent among men drinking > or = 30 ml of ethanol and smoking > or = 15 cigarettes daily; and positive associations of alcohol and smoking with GGT were attenuated by coffee drinking, more clearly among men with BMI > or = 25.00 kg/m2. Alcohols 169-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 10976859-6 1999 The inverse coffee-GGT relation was most prominent among men drinking > or = 30 ml of ethanol and smoking > or = 15 cigarettes daily; and positive associations of alcohol and smoking with GGT were attenuated by coffee drinking, more clearly among men with BMI > or = 25.00 kg/m2. Alcohols 169-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 194-197 10976859-8 1999 CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that coffee consumption may weaken GGT-induction by alcohol, and possibly by smoking. Alcohols 92-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 75-78 9660326-11 1998 The interpretation of GGT should take age and BMI into account when suspecting subclinical alcohol problems in young men. Alcohols 91-98 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 22-25 9560971-4 1998 Both GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase) and CDT levels were significantly higher in high alcohol consumers than in low consumers. Alcohols 86-93 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 5-8 9560971-4 1998 Both GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase) and CDT levels were significantly higher in high alcohol consumers than in low consumers. Alcohols 86-93 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 10-35 9823544-0 1998 gamma-Glutamyltransferase dependent generation of reactive oxygen species from a glutathione/transferrin system. Reactive Oxygen Species 50-73 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 9823544-0 1998 gamma-Glutamyltransferase dependent generation of reactive oxygen species from a glutathione/transferrin system. Glutathione 81-92 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Glutathione 71-82 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-40 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Glutathione 71-82 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 42-45 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Glutathione 84-87 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-40 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Glutathione 84-87 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 42-45 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Iron 122-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-40 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Iron 122-126 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 42-45 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Reactive Oxygen Species 155-158 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-40 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Reactive Oxygen Species 155-158 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 42-45 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Luminol 196-203 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-40 9823544-3 1998 Purified human gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the presence of 2 mM glutathione (GSH) and 80 microM transferrin, as an iron source, at pH 7.4 generates ROS, as measured by chemiluminescence of luminol. Luminol 196-203 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 42-45 9823544-4 1998 Initiated by the addition of purified GGT, generation of ROS reached a maximal rate in the first 6 min. Reactive Oxygen Species 57-60 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 9823544-6 1998 Generation of ROS was also investigated in transfected V79 cells expressing human GGT. Reactive Oxygen Species 14-17 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 82-85 9823544-7 1998 In comparison with GGT negative V79 cells, only recombinant cells expressing a high level of GGT on the cell membrane were able to generate ROS. Reactive Oxygen Species 140-143 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 93-96 9823544-9 1998 We further confirmed the hypothesis that cysteinylglycine (CysGly), a product of GGT/GSH reaction, identified by high-performance liquid chromatography, but not GSH, was responsible for ROS formation initiated by the reductive release of iron from transferrin. cysteinylglycine 41-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 81-84 9823544-9 1998 We further confirmed the hypothesis that cysteinylglycine (CysGly), a product of GGT/GSH reaction, identified by high-performance liquid chromatography, but not GSH, was responsible for ROS formation initiated by the reductive release of iron from transferrin. cysteinylglycine 59-65 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 81-84 9823544-9 1998 We further confirmed the hypothesis that cysteinylglycine (CysGly), a product of GGT/GSH reaction, identified by high-performance liquid chromatography, but not GSH, was responsible for ROS formation initiated by the reductive release of iron from transferrin. Glutathione 85-88 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 81-84 9823544-9 1998 We further confirmed the hypothesis that cysteinylglycine (CysGly), a product of GGT/GSH reaction, identified by high-performance liquid chromatography, but not GSH, was responsible for ROS formation initiated by the reductive release of iron from transferrin. Reactive Oxygen Species 186-189 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 81-84 9823544-9 1998 We further confirmed the hypothesis that cysteinylglycine (CysGly), a product of GGT/GSH reaction, identified by high-performance liquid chromatography, but not GSH, was responsible for ROS formation initiated by the reductive release of iron from transferrin. Iron 238-242 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 81-84 9823544-10 1998 These data clearly indicate that under physiological conditions, GGT is directly involved in ROS generation. Reactive Oxygen Species 93-96 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 65-68 9801800-1 1998 Two human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3, were used to study the effect of 5-azacytidine on GGT gene expression, via genomic DNA methylation, and GSH content. Azacitidine 95-108 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 112-115 9801800-2 1998 When the cells were treated with 5-azaC, the specific GGT activity increased in a dose and time-dependent manner and was accompanied by the elevation of intracellular glutathione content. Azacitidine 33-39 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-57 9801800-2 1998 When the cells were treated with 5-azaC, the specific GGT activity increased in a dose and time-dependent manner and was accompanied by the elevation of intracellular glutathione content. Glutathione 167-178 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 54-57 9801800-3 1998 Southern blot analysis of DNA digested with MspI or HpaII showed negative correlation between the methylation pattern of GGT DNA and GGT activity, either in control or 5-azaC treated cells. Azacitidine 168-174 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 121-124 9801800-3 1998 Southern blot analysis of DNA digested with MspI or HpaII showed negative correlation between the methylation pattern of GGT DNA and GGT activity, either in control or 5-azaC treated cells. Azacitidine 168-174 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 133-136 9801800-4 1998 Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that GGT mRNA types I are expressed and induced in a cell type-specific manner in control and 5-azacC treated cells respectively. 5-azacc 169-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 80-83 9685089-8 1998 There was a significant relationship between the GGT level on rehabilitation admission and exposure to hepatotoxic drugs, particularly phenytoin (n=55, p=.0007). Phenytoin 135-144 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-52 9698132-0 1998 Coffee consumption and decreased serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and aminotransferase activities among male alcohol drinkers. Alcohols 108-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-64 9698132-5 1998 RESULTS: Increased coffee consumption was strongly and independently associated with decreased GGT activity among males (P trend < 0.0001); the inverse association between coffee and serum GGT was more evident among heavier alcohol consumers (P < 0.0001), and was absent among non-alcohol drinkers. Alcohols 227-234 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 192-195 9698132-5 1998 RESULTS: Increased coffee consumption was strongly and independently associated with decreased GGT activity among males (P trend < 0.0001); the inverse association between coffee and serum GGT was more evident among heavier alcohol consumers (P < 0.0001), and was absent among non-alcohol drinkers. Alcohols 287-294 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 192-195 9698132-9 1998 CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that coffee may inhibit the induction of GGT in the liver by alcohol consumption, and may possibly protect against liver cell damage due to alcohol. Alcohols 94-101 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 74-77 9589232-10 1998 This association was independent of serum glucose and BMI and of other predictors of NIDDM with which GGT is associated, including alcohol intake and physical activity level (adjusted upper to lower fifth relative risk: 4.8 [2.0-11.8], trend P < 0.0001]). Alcohols 131-138 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 102-105 9473853-1 1998 We have found decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in human males exposed to toluene at low levels, suggesting that toluene exposure or related factors in lifestyles were likely to have lowering effects on serum ALT and GGT activities between toluene-exposed and the control subjects. Toluene 130-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 65-90 9473853-1 1998 We have found decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in human males exposed to toluene at low levels, suggesting that toluene exposure or related factors in lifestyles were likely to have lowering effects on serum ALT and GGT activities between toluene-exposed and the control subjects. Toluene 130-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 92-95 9473853-1 1998 We have found decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in human males exposed to toluene at low levels, suggesting that toluene exposure or related factors in lifestyles were likely to have lowering effects on serum ALT and GGT activities between toluene-exposed and the control subjects. Toluene 130-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 273-276 9473853-1 1998 We have found decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in human males exposed to toluene at low levels, suggesting that toluene exposure or related factors in lifestyles were likely to have lowering effects on serum ALT and GGT activities between toluene-exposed and the control subjects. Toluene 169-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 65-90 9473853-1 1998 We have found decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in human males exposed to toluene at low levels, suggesting that toluene exposure or related factors in lifestyles were likely to have lowering effects on serum ALT and GGT activities between toluene-exposed and the control subjects. Toluene 169-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 92-95 9473853-1 1998 We have found decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in human males exposed to toluene at low levels, suggesting that toluene exposure or related factors in lifestyles were likely to have lowering effects on serum ALT and GGT activities between toluene-exposed and the control subjects. Toluene 169-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 273-276 9473853-1 1998 We have found decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in human males exposed to toluene at low levels, suggesting that toluene exposure or related factors in lifestyles were likely to have lowering effects on serum ALT and GGT activities between toluene-exposed and the control subjects. Toluene 169-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 65-90 9473853-1 1998 We have found decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in human males exposed to toluene at low levels, suggesting that toluene exposure or related factors in lifestyles were likely to have lowering effects on serum ALT and GGT activities between toluene-exposed and the control subjects. Toluene 169-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 92-95 9473853-1 1998 We have found decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in human males exposed to toluene at low levels, suggesting that toluene exposure or related factors in lifestyles were likely to have lowering effects on serum ALT and GGT activities between toluene-exposed and the control subjects. Toluene 169-176 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 273-276 9473853-4 1998 In agreement with our previous reports, the present data also provided significant evidence of lowered serum ALT and GGT activities in toluene-exposed males after age matching (p < 0.05). Toluene 135-142 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 117-120 8817181-5 1996 In sex-specific multiple regression analysis, GGT showed a positive association with body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, total serum cholesterol (T-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and age, and a negative one with coffee consumption and physical activity in males, while in females the enzyme was positively associated with BMI, alcohol use, age, T-C, ApoB, TG and cigarette smoking. Alcohols 108-115 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 9144754-5 1997 The factors most strongly related to serum GGT were self-reported alcohol consumption, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension, but relations of GGT levels were also found with nationality, occupation, and smoking. Alcohols 66-73 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 43-46 9508733-7 1997 In contrast, relationships were observed between serum 2,3,7,8-TCDD levels and the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), the reproductive hormones serum testosterone, luteinizing, and follicle-stimulating hormones, and abnormal high-density lipoprotein concentration, counts of CD3/Ta1 cells (helper lymphocytes), and fasting serum glucose levels. Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins 55-67 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 90-115 9508733-7 1997 In contrast, relationships were observed between serum 2,3,7,8-TCDD levels and the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), the reproductive hormones serum testosterone, luteinizing, and follicle-stimulating hormones, and abnormal high-density lipoprotein concentration, counts of CD3/Ta1 cells (helper lymphocytes), and fasting serum glucose levels. Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins 55-67 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 117-120 8817181-5 1996 In sex-specific multiple regression analysis, GGT showed a positive association with body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, total serum cholesterol (T-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and age, and a negative one with coffee consumption and physical activity in males, while in females the enzyme was positively associated with BMI, alcohol use, age, T-C, ApoB, TG and cigarette smoking. Cholesterol 133-144 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 8817181-5 1996 In sex-specific multiple regression analysis, GGT showed a positive association with body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, total serum cholesterol (T-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and age, and a negative one with coffee consumption and physical activity in males, while in females the enzyme was positively associated with BMI, alcohol use, age, T-C, ApoB, TG and cigarette smoking. Cholesterol 156-167 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 8817181-5 1996 In sex-specific multiple regression analysis, GGT showed a positive association with body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, total serum cholesterol (T-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and age, and a negative one with coffee consumption and physical activity in males, while in females the enzyme was positively associated with BMI, alcohol use, age, T-C, ApoB, TG and cigarette smoking. Triglycerides 177-190 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 8817181-5 1996 In sex-specific multiple regression analysis, GGT showed a positive association with body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, total serum cholesterol (T-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and age, and a negative one with coffee consumption and physical activity in males, while in females the enzyme was positively associated with BMI, alcohol use, age, T-C, ApoB, TG and cigarette smoking. Alcohols 369-376 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 46-49 8817181-6 1996 The negative association between coffee drinking and serum GGT observed in males suggests that coffee may inhibit the inducing effects of other factors, particularly alcohol use, on GGT in the liver. Alcohols 166-173 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 59-62 8817181-6 1996 The negative association between coffee drinking and serum GGT observed in males suggests that coffee may inhibit the inducing effects of other factors, particularly alcohol use, on GGT in the liver. Alcohols 166-173 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 182-185 8817181-8 1996 This study confirms the importance of GGT as a strong marker for alcohol use; but a number of variables, ranging from life-style to biological characteristics, are also important determinants of its plasma values in the "normal" population. Alcohols 65-72 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 38-41 7572939-4 1995 However, GGT was significantly (positively) associated with alcohol intake, body mass index, smoking, preexisting ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, antihypertensive medication, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, heart rate, and blood glucose, and negatively associated with physical activity and lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)). Alcohols 60-67 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 7572939-4 1995 However, GGT was significantly (positively) associated with alcohol intake, body mass index, smoking, preexisting ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, antihypertensive medication, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, heart rate, and blood glucose, and negatively associated with physical activity and lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)). Glucose 295-302 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 7572939-9 1995 In summary, many factors other than alcohol intake are associated with increased levels of GGT, in particular body mass index, diabetes mellitus, and serum total cholesterol. Alcohols 36-43 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 91-94 7913033-7 1994 Based on these data, we have undertaken a study on the functional consequences of elevated GGT activity on the reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Glutathione 119-130 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 91-94 21043729-9 1995 Platelet GGT may influence intracellular S-nitrosoglutathione (a putative nitric oxide donor) levels. S-Nitrosoglutathione 41-61 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 21043729-9 1995 Platelet GGT may influence intracellular S-nitrosoglutathione (a putative nitric oxide donor) levels. Nitric Oxide 74-86 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 7913033-7 1994 Based on these data, we have undertaken a study on the functional consequences of elevated GGT activity on the reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Glutathione 132-135 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 91-94 7913033-10 1994 Elevated GGT activity was associated with a 2.5-fold reduced GSH content, clearly suggesting a negative influence of the highly expressed enzyme on the GSH level under normal growth conditions. Glutathione 61-64 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 7913033-10 1994 Elevated GGT activity was associated with a 2.5-fold reduced GSH content, clearly suggesting a negative influence of the highly expressed enzyme on the GSH level under normal growth conditions. Glutathione 152-155 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 9-12 7913033-12 1994 Our findings pointed out that, among the GSH-related enzymes, GGT could constitute an important factor determining the steady-state content of GSH. Glutathione 41-44 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 7913033-12 1994 Our findings pointed out that, among the GSH-related enzymes, GGT could constitute an important factor determining the steady-state content of GSH. Glutathione 143-146 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 7909403-4 1994 Lower levels of serum GGT associated with coffee drinking were more evident among heavier alcohol drinkers and also among heavier smokers. Alcohols 90-97 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 22-25 7909403-5 1994 The findings suggest that coffee may inhibit the inducing effects of alcohol and possibly of smoking upon GGT in the liver. Alcohols 69-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 106-109 1362076-4 1992 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and urate are sensitive enough to detect people who take in alcohol regularly and yet may be regarded as normal and not alcohol dependent. Alcohols 127-134 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 8097894-5 1993 We conclude that, even if alcohol drinking has some impact on GGT, MCV, HDL-cholesterol, and cholesterol (males), these tests are neither specific nor sensitive enough to be used as screening tests for heavy drinking in young students. Alcohols 26-33 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 1378736-2 1992 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT, EC 2.3.2.2) is an enzyme involved in glutathione metabolism and drug and xenobiotic detoxification. Glutathione 69-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 1378736-2 1992 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT, EC 2.3.2.2) is an enzyme involved in glutathione metabolism and drug and xenobiotic detoxification. Glutathione 69-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 7901924-1 1993 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a glutathione-metabolizing enzyme whose activity variations in serum and organs are valuable markers of preneoplastic processes, alcohol abuse and induction by drugs. Glutathione 37-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-25 7901924-1 1993 gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a glutathione-metabolizing enzyme whose activity variations in serum and organs are valuable markers of preneoplastic processes, alcohol abuse and induction by drugs. Glutathione 37-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 1362364-1 1992 OBJECTIVE: A case is reported of a carbamazepine (CBZ)-treated epileptic mother whose newborn presented with transient hepatic dysfunction characterized by direct hyperbilirubinemia and high concentrations of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Carbamazepine 35-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 209-234 1362364-1 1992 OBJECTIVE: A case is reported of a carbamazepine (CBZ)-treated epileptic mother whose newborn presented with transient hepatic dysfunction characterized by direct hyperbilirubinemia and high concentrations of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Carbamazepine 35-48 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 236-239 1362364-1 1992 OBJECTIVE: A case is reported of a carbamazepine (CBZ)-treated epileptic mother whose newborn presented with transient hepatic dysfunction characterized by direct hyperbilirubinemia and high concentrations of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Carbamazepine 50-53 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 209-234 1362364-1 1992 OBJECTIVE: A case is reported of a carbamazepine (CBZ)-treated epileptic mother whose newborn presented with transient hepatic dysfunction characterized by direct hyperbilirubinemia and high concentrations of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Carbamazepine 50-53 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 236-239 1362364-5 1992 DATA SYNTHESIS: A female infant born to an epileptic mother treated with CBZ throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding presented with transient direct hyperbilirubinemia and high concentrations of GGT. Carbamazepine 73-76 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 194-197 1362076-4 1992 Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and urate are sensitive enough to detect people who take in alcohol regularly and yet may be regarded as normal and not alcohol dependent. Alcohols 127-134 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 34905359-5 2021 Further activity characterization was performed in comparison with GGT from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in terms of the ability to generate gamma-glutamyl peptides from casein hydrolysates. gamma-glutamyl peptides 139-162 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 67-70 34875524-4 2022 In this work, a "turn on" fluorescent probe NSA-GGT for the detection of GGT activity based on glutamine bond was designed and synthesized by employing dansylamino as fluorophore. Glutamine 95-104 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 34875524-4 2022 In this work, a "turn on" fluorescent probe NSA-GGT for the detection of GGT activity based on glutamine bond was designed and synthesized by employing dansylamino as fluorophore. Glutamine 95-104 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 73-76 34875524-4 2022 In this work, a "turn on" fluorescent probe NSA-GGT for the detection of GGT activity based on glutamine bond was designed and synthesized by employing dansylamino as fluorophore. dansylamino 152-163 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-51 34875524-4 2022 In this work, a "turn on" fluorescent probe NSA-GGT for the detection of GGT activity based on glutamine bond was designed and synthesized by employing dansylamino as fluorophore. dansylamino 152-163 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 73-76 34875524-6 2022 After incubated with GGT in phosphate buffer, the fluorescence of NSA-GGT centered at ~523 nm increased over 25-fold. Phosphates 28-37 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 21-24 34875524-6 2022 After incubated with GGT in phosphate buffer, the fluorescence of NSA-GGT centered at ~523 nm increased over 25-fold. Phosphates 28-37 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 70-73 1349817-11 1992 GGT, AST and ALT activities were increased in all alcohol-abusing women, regardless whether the infant had FAE or not. Alcohols 50-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 1349817-12 1992 GGT was the best of these markers, GGT activities above the 95th normal centile were found in 33% of the samples from all alcohol-abusing women. Alcohols 122-129 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 35-38 34905359-6 2021 During the transpeptidation reaction catalyzed by both GGT, gamma-glutamyl peptides significantly (P < 0.05) increased after gamma-glutamylation; addition of glutamine contributed to the generation of gamma-glutamyl peptides, suggesting that glutamine could act as a gamma-glutamyl donor. gamma-glutamyl peptides 60-83 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 55-58 34905359-6 2021 During the transpeptidation reaction catalyzed by both GGT, gamma-glutamyl peptides significantly (P < 0.05) increased after gamma-glutamylation; addition of glutamine contributed to the generation of gamma-glutamyl peptides, suggesting that glutamine could act as a gamma-glutamyl donor. gamma-glutamyl peptides 201-224 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 55-58 34905359-6 2021 During the transpeptidation reaction catalyzed by both GGT, gamma-glutamyl peptides significantly (P < 0.05) increased after gamma-glutamylation; addition of glutamine contributed to the generation of gamma-glutamyl peptides, suggesting that glutamine could act as a gamma-glutamyl donor. Glutamine 242-251 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 55-58 34905359-7 2021 This study reveals that the GGT of skim milk membranes is a glycosylated membrane protein that can generate gamma-glutamyl peptides. gamma-glutamyl peptides 108-131 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 28-31 34928344-11 2021 Big GGT yielded independent prognostic significance from age, LDL cholesterol, current or previous smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, but not CAC or EFV. Cholesterol 66-77 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 4-7 34874804-7 2022 One g/day higher ethanol intake was associated with 5.5 (3.5, 7.5)% higher values of GGT, and 1.2 (0.4, 2.1)% higher values of AST in women consuming 0-1 cups of coffee per day, while smaller or no effects were observed in women consuming >=2 cups/day. Ethanol 17-24 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 85-88 34854293-0 2021 Simultaneous Targeted Analysis of GGT and Its H-Type mRNA in HepG2 Cells Based on Degradable Silicon Nanomaterials. Silicon 93-100 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 34854293-3 2021 The low toxicity of DCNPs could reduce the impact on normal physiological processes in cells and achieve the needs of living cell analysis applications; by the loading of the gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity-identification probe (Cy-GGT) and surface nucleic acid-recognizing molecular beacon (hairpin) modification, the DCNP realized the simultaneous image analysis of GGT and its related H-type mutated GGT mRNA (H-mRNA) in HepG2 cells and their quantitative detection in vitro. Cysteine 238-240 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 175-200 34854293-3 2021 The low toxicity of DCNPs could reduce the impact on normal physiological processes in cells and achieve the needs of living cell analysis applications; by the loading of the gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity-identification probe (Cy-GGT) and surface nucleic acid-recognizing molecular beacon (hairpin) modification, the DCNP realized the simultaneous image analysis of GGT and its related H-type mutated GGT mRNA (H-mRNA) in HepG2 cells and their quantitative detection in vitro. Cysteine 238-240 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 202-205 34854293-3 2021 The low toxicity of DCNPs could reduce the impact on normal physiological processes in cells and achieve the needs of living cell analysis applications; by the loading of the gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity-identification probe (Cy-GGT) and surface nucleic acid-recognizing molecular beacon (hairpin) modification, the DCNP realized the simultaneous image analysis of GGT and its related H-type mutated GGT mRNA (H-mRNA) in HepG2 cells and their quantitative detection in vitro. Cysteine 238-240 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 377-380 34874804-9 2022 Average alcohol-related effects on GGT in smokers and non-smokers were given by 3.8 (2.7, 4.9)% and 2.1 (0.9, 3.2)% per g ethanol/day, and by 0.9 (0.4, 1.4)% and 0.2 (-0.3, 0.7)% for AST. Alcohols 8-15 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 35-38 34874804-9 2022 Average alcohol-related effects on GGT in smokers and non-smokers were given by 3.8 (2.7, 4.9)% and 2.1 (0.9, 3.2)% per g ethanol/day, and by 0.9 (0.4, 1.4)% and 0.2 (-0.3, 0.7)% for AST. Ethanol 122-129 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 35-38 34874804-10 2022 Similarly, in overweight women, 1 g/day higher ethanol intake was associated with 4.3 (3.0, 5.6)% higher GGT compared to 1.6 (0.7, 2.5)% in non-overweight women. Ethanol 47-54 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 105-108 33402059-1 2021 OBJECTIVES: The remarkable effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO) was verified, but elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aminotransferases (ALT and AST) are generally observed in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients undergoing ATO treatment. Arsenic Trioxide 37-53 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 114-117 33402059-1 2021 OBJECTIVES: The remarkable effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO) was verified, but elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aminotransferases (ALT and AST) are generally observed in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients undergoing ATO treatment. Arsenic Trioxide 233-236 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 114-117 34679685-6 2021 Plasma nitrate, but not nitrite, correlated positively with vegetable intake (r = 0.38, p = 0.018) and was inversely associated with HOMA-IR (r = -0.44, p = 0.006), BMI (r = -0.35, p = 0.028), GGT (r = -0.37, p = 0.019) and CRP (r = -0.34, p = 0.034). Nitrates 7-14 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 193-196 34474324-6 2021 The association between placental paraben concentration and differential DNA methylation of CpGs annotated to GGT and longitudinal measurements of BMI z-scores were investigated with adjusted linear mixed models. Parabens 34-41 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 110-113 34474324-12 2021 The association of placental EtP with cord blood GGT and glucose levels provides a starting point for further research on mechanisms of paraben-related metabolic processes in utero. Ethionamide 29-32 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-52 34771748-12 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Serum GGT may be a prognostic biomarker in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel therapy. Docetaxel 81-90 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 2566398-1 1989 Lectin affinity chromatography of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT,EC 2.3.2.2) is able to detect differences in the carbohydrate moiety of the enzyme. Carbohydrates 115-127 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 2567544-1 1989 In a large sample of 1379 adult patients and, in addition, in a smaller group of 223 other patients in whom a glucose tolerance test with measurement of serum insulin was carried out, an increase of blood pressure, pulse rate, relative body weight and serum insulin was found which correlated significantly with that range of gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) values which erroneously so far is considered to be normal. Glucose 110-117 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 326-351 2567544-1 1989 In a large sample of 1379 adult patients and, in addition, in a smaller group of 223 other patients in whom a glucose tolerance test with measurement of serum insulin was carried out, an increase of blood pressure, pulse rate, relative body weight and serum insulin was found which correlated significantly with that range of gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) values which erroneously so far is considered to be normal. Glucose 110-117 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 353-356 2567544-4 1989 The relationship between blood pressure and GGT is the same in males and females although the females show a higher GGT for the same amount of alcohol consumed; in both, males and females, the steepest increase is just in the low GGT range between 9 and 25 U/l. Alcohols 143-150 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 2567544-4 1989 The relationship between blood pressure and GGT is the same in males and females although the females show a higher GGT for the same amount of alcohol consumed; in both, males and females, the steepest increase is just in the low GGT range between 9 and 25 U/l. Alcohols 143-150 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 116-119 2567544-4 1989 The relationship between blood pressure and GGT is the same in males and females although the females show a higher GGT for the same amount of alcohol consumed; in both, males and females, the steepest increase is just in the low GGT range between 9 and 25 U/l. Alcohols 143-150 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 116-119 34621478-13 2021 CONCLUSION: Elevation of CA19-9/GGT performed better as a biomarker of aggressive carcinoma and predictor of poor clinical outcomes by reducing the effect of obstruction of biliary tract on CA19-9 concentration in patients with DCC. ca19-9 190-196 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 32-35 35437622-1 2022 Virulence factor gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) of H. pylori consumes glutamine (Gln) in the stomach to decrease the tricarboxylic acid metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-kg) and alter the downstream regulation of alpha-kg as well as cellular biological characteristics. Glutamine 71-80 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 35437622-1 2022 Virulence factor gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) of H. pylori consumes glutamine (Gln) in the stomach to decrease the tricarboxylic acid metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-kg) and alter the downstream regulation of alpha-kg as well as cellular biological characteristics. Glutamine 82-85 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 35437622-1 2022 Virulence factor gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) of H. pylori consumes glutamine (Gln) in the stomach to decrease the tricarboxylic acid metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-kg) and alter the downstream regulation of alpha-kg as well as cellular biological characteristics. Tricarboxylic Acids 118-136 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 35437622-1 2022 Virulence factor gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) of H. pylori consumes glutamine (Gln) in the stomach to decrease the tricarboxylic acid metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-kg) and alter the downstream regulation of alpha-kg as well as cellular biological characteristics. Ketoglutaric Acids 148-167 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 35437622-1 2022 Virulence factor gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) of H. pylori consumes glutamine (Gln) in the stomach to decrease the tricarboxylic acid metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-kg) and alter the downstream regulation of alpha-kg as well as cellular biological characteristics. Ketoglutaric Acids 169-177 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 2566398-4 1989 Increases in sialic acid content of GGT are associated with an increase in the activation energy of the catalyzed reaction. N-Acetylneuraminic Acid 13-24 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 36-39 2566398-6 1989 In liver diseases, serum GGT is characterized by an altered affinity against lectins recognizing galactose, fucose and N-acetyglucosamine and by increased activation energy. Galactose 97-106 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-28 2566398-6 1989 In liver diseases, serum GGT is characterized by an altered affinity against lectins recognizing galactose, fucose and N-acetyglucosamine and by increased activation energy. Fucose 108-114 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-28 2566398-6 1989 In liver diseases, serum GGT is characterized by an altered affinity against lectins recognizing galactose, fucose and N-acetyglucosamine and by increased activation energy. n-acetyglucosamine 119-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 25-28 2896083-6 1988 Antipyrine plasma clearance and 6-beta-OHF excretion rates increased significantly in the groups treated with antipyrine or rifampicin, while serum GGT activities were enhanced only following antipyrine. Antipyrine 192-202 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 148-151 2893612-0 1988 S-oxalylglutathione is a substrate for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). S-oxalylglutathione 0-19 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 39-64 2896083-7 1988 Antipyrine administration increased urinary GGT excretion both immediately and one week after cessation of drug administration, but no changes were found following the administration of rifampicin. Antipyrine 0-10 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 44-47 2893612-0 1988 S-oxalylglutathione is a substrate for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). S-oxalylglutathione 0-19 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 66-69 2896083-9 1988 Based on these findings, the increased urinary GGT excretion observed following antipyrine treatment may be due to an inducing effect on the renal tubular cells, as no evidence for a toxic renal damage was found. Antipyrine 80-90 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 47-50 6144406-0 1984 Separation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic forms of gamma-glutamyltransferase from human serum by hydrophobic chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B: studies on normal sera and sera of patients with liver disease. Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B 127-149 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 51-76 2893612-2 1988 With glycylglycine or water as acceptor, bovine kidney gamma-glutamyltransferase catalyzes reactions of the known mammalian metabolite, S-oxalylglutathione, at rates comparable to those of L-gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide, a known good substrate. Glycylglycine 5-18 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 55-80 2893612-2 1988 With glycylglycine or water as acceptor, bovine kidney gamma-glutamyltransferase catalyzes reactions of the known mammalian metabolite, S-oxalylglutathione, at rates comparable to those of L-gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide, a known good substrate. Water 22-27 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 55-80 2893612-2 1988 With glycylglycine or water as acceptor, bovine kidney gamma-glutamyltransferase catalyzes reactions of the known mammalian metabolite, S-oxalylglutathione, at rates comparable to those of L-gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide, a known good substrate. S-oxalylglutathione 136-155 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 55-80 2885099-1 1987 Enzymes of glutathione metabolism, particularly gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), play a role in multistage hepatocarcinogenesis. Glutathione 11-22 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 48-73 2885099-1 1987 Enzymes of glutathione metabolism, particularly gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), play a role in multistage hepatocarcinogenesis. Glutathione 11-22 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 75-78 2885099-4 1987 Induction of GGT in altered hepatocytes may permit these cells to utilize extracellular glutathione to preserve their internal glutathione levels. Glutathione 88-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 2885099-4 1987 Induction of GGT in altered hepatocytes may permit these cells to utilize extracellular glutathione to preserve their internal glutathione levels. Glutathione 127-138 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 2869572-4 1986 The low level of GGT matched well with the low mortality of cirrhosis and the modest use of alcohol in Norway. Alcohols 92-99 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 17-20 2862882-4 1985 Furthermore, GGT seems to be a new and strong indicator of alcohol-related disabilities and short term mortality in the male population. Alcohols 59-66 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 13-16 2884191-5 1987 The findings for the kidney enzymes AAP, NAG and GGT show that the renal tolerance of penbutolol was good. Penbutolol 86-96 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 49-52 6150887-1 1984 Distribution of plasma gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity among lipoproteins was studied by ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis of plasma from 2 normal controls, 7 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis, and 5 patients with biliary obstruction. polyacrylamide 122-136 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 23-48 6144406-1 1984 A new method is described for the separation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic forms of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) present in human serum using hydrophobic chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B columns. Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B 176-198 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 85-110 6144406-1 1984 A new method is described for the separation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic forms of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) present in human serum using hydrophobic chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B columns. Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B 176-198 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 112-115 6135365-3 1983 The subjects in the intervention group were further investigated and 75% of them were judged to have elevated GGT values caused by alcohol consumption. Alcohols 131-138 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 110-113 6137054-2 1983 The alcohol non-user groups and the individuals with low GGT had significantly lower mean values of relative body weight, pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, haematocrit, serum urate, triglyceride, cholesterol, and zero and 120 min blood glucose than individuals with elevated GGT and alcohol overconsumption. Alcohols 4-11 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 287-290 6137054-2 1983 The alcohol non-user groups and the individuals with low GGT had significantly lower mean values of relative body weight, pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, haematocrit, serum urate, triglyceride, cholesterol, and zero and 120 min blood glucose than individuals with elevated GGT and alcohol overconsumption. Uric Acid 187-192 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 6137054-2 1983 The alcohol non-user groups and the individuals with low GGT had significantly lower mean values of relative body weight, pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, haematocrit, serum urate, triglyceride, cholesterol, and zero and 120 min blood glucose than individuals with elevated GGT and alcohol overconsumption. Triglycerides 194-206 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 6137054-2 1983 The alcohol non-user groups and the individuals with low GGT had significantly lower mean values of relative body weight, pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, haematocrit, serum urate, triglyceride, cholesterol, and zero and 120 min blood glucose than individuals with elevated GGT and alcohol overconsumption. Cholesterol 208-219 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 6137054-2 1983 The alcohol non-user groups and the individuals with low GGT had significantly lower mean values of relative body weight, pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, haematocrit, serum urate, triglyceride, cholesterol, and zero and 120 min blood glucose than individuals with elevated GGT and alcohol overconsumption. Blood Glucose 242-255 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 6137054-2 1983 The alcohol non-user groups and the individuals with low GGT had significantly lower mean values of relative body weight, pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, haematocrit, serum urate, triglyceride, cholesterol, and zero and 120 min blood glucose than individuals with elevated GGT and alcohol overconsumption. Alcohols 295-302 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 57-60 6139791-0 1983 Separation and quantitation of hepatoma-associated gamma-glutamyltransferase by affinity chromatography with Affi-Gel blue and Con A-Sepharose. Sepharose 133-142 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 51-76 6140161-1 1983 Some authors have suggested that carbohydrates can induce hepatic microsomal enzymes, resulting in increased serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in diabetes mellitus. Carbohydrates 33-46 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 115-140 6140161-1 1983 Some authors have suggested that carbohydrates can induce hepatic microsomal enzymes, resulting in increased serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in diabetes mellitus. Carbohydrates 33-46 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 142-145 6139791-1 1983 Isozymes of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other liver diseases were separated into two groups by double-affinity column chromatography with Affi-Gel blue and Con A-Sepharose, one recovered in the unbound fraction and the other in the bound fraction. Sepharose 224-233 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 18-43 6127196-8 1982 Alcohol-related admissions were seven times as many in men with GGT values in the highest quintile compared with those who had values in the lowest quintile. Alcohols 0-7 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 64-67 6119025-1 1981 In an on-going population study in Malmo, serum-gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is utilized both in biochemical screening of high alcohol consumption and as a tool in further investigation, treatment and control of middle-aged men with screening GGT in the top decile of the distribution. Alcohols 130-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 42-73 6119025-1 1981 In an on-going population study in Malmo, serum-gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is utilized both in biochemical screening of high alcohol consumption and as a tool in further investigation, treatment and control of middle-aged men with screening GGT in the top decile of the distribution. Alcohols 130-137 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 75-78 6107142-6 1980 Measurement of GGT provided an objective index of alcohol consumption, though the full clinical importance of a raised value needs further assessment. Alcohols 50-57 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 15-18 6106999-1 1980 Chronic alcohol consumption leads to increased activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the serum which are associated with an enhancement of GGT activities in the liver. Alcohols 8-15 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 61-86 6106999-1 1980 Chronic alcohol consumption leads to increased activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the serum which are associated with an enhancement of GGT activities in the liver. Alcohols 8-15 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 88-91 6106999-1 1980 Chronic alcohol consumption leads to increased activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the serum which are associated with an enhancement of GGT activities in the liver. Alcohols 8-15 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3 Homo sapiens 150-153