PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	comp_official_name	comp_offset	protein_name	organism	prot_offset
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
21346190-7	2011	siRNA techniques proved that RalA is involved in not only the keratinocyte differentiation induced by PKCeta overexpression but also normal keratinocyte differentiation induced by calcium and cholesterol sulfate.	Calcium	180-187	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	29-33
21346190-7	2011	siRNA techniques proved that RalA is involved in not only the keratinocyte differentiation induced by PKCeta overexpression but also normal keratinocyte differentiation induced by calcium and cholesterol sulfate.	cholesteryl sulfate	192-211	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	29-33
21441933-5	2011	Calcium conduction activated signaling by cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) and induced CXCL12 secretion mediated by the GTPase RalA.	Calcium	0-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	122-126
21242975-8	2011	We have also observed that CycD1-Cdk4 phosphorylates the Ral GEF Rgl2 "in vitro" and that CycD1-Cdk4 activity stimulates accumulation of the Ral GTP active forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	145-148	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	57-60
21242975-8	2011	We have also observed that CycD1-Cdk4 phosphorylates the Ral GEF Rgl2 "in vitro" and that CycD1-Cdk4 activity stimulates accumulation of the Ral GTP active forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	145-148	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	141-144
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	98-102
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-80
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	70-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	70-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	98-102
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	70-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-80
20383709-8	2011	RESULTS: Tam and Ral inhibited Gln uptake in a dose-dependent manner through inhibition of ASCT2 Gln transporter.	Glutamine	31-34	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-20
21173185-9	2011	Our study demonstrates that low-frequency primary RAL-resistant mutations were uncommon, while minority secondary RAL-resistant mutations were more frequently detected in patients naive to raltegravir.	Raltegravir Potassium	189-200	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	114-117
21235523-6	2011	We will also review the function of the exocyst complex and some of its key interacting partners [including the small GTP-binding protein Ral, aPKCs (atypical protein kinase Cs) and proteins involved in actin assembly] in the formation of plasma extensions at the leading edge, growth cone formation during axonal extension and generation of cell movement.	Guanosine Triphosphate	118-121	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	138-141
20383709-10	2011	Treatment of cells with N-acetyl L-cysteine and 17 beta-estradiol 2 reversed the effects of Ral and Tam.	Acetylcysteine	24-43	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-95
20383709-11	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that one of the mechanisms of action (and possibly some of the side effects) of TAM and RAL is associated with inhibition of cellular Gln uptake, oxidative stress and induction of apoptosis.	Glutamine	168-171	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	122-125
20383709-10	2011	Treatment of cells with N-acetyl L-cysteine and 17 beta-estradiol 2 reversed the effects of Ral and Tam.	Estradiol	48-65	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-95
20562921-5	2010	The only major Ras effector pathway not explored for its role in melanoma is the RalGEF-Ral pathway, in which Ras activation of RalGEFs converts the small GTPases RalA and RalB to an active guanosine triphosphate-bound state.	Guanosine Triphosphate	190-212	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	81-84
20964430-1	2010	Electrostatic fields at the interface of the Ras binding domain of the protein Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) with the structurally analogous GTPases Ras and Rap1A were measured with vibrational Stark effect (VSE) spectroscopy.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	79-82
21148297-4	2011	The complex is composed of an RGC1 regulatory subunit and an RGC2 catalytic subunit (previously identified as AS250) that directly stimulates the guanosine triphosphate hydrolysis of RalA.	Guanosine Triphosphate	146-168	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	183-187
20939525-2	2010	The synthetic route gave zearalenone precursors, and the preparations of other RAL analogues, trans- and cis-resorcylides are included, the latter being prepared by photoisomerization of the trans-isomer.	trans- and cis-resorcylides	94-121	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	79-82
20562921-5	2010	The only major Ras effector pathway not explored for its role in melanoma is the RalGEF-Ral pathway, in which Ras activation of RalGEFs converts the small GTPases RalA and RalB to an active guanosine triphosphate-bound state.	Guanosine Triphosphate	190-212	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	163-167
19609003-0	2009	Beta-arrestin/Ral signaling regulates lysophosphatidic acid-mediated migration and invasion of human breast tumor cells.	lysophosphatidic acid	38-59	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-17
20189781-6	2010	RALA acts as a chaotropic agent, interfering in the structure of the water, and causes a measurable swelling of the aqueous cylinders by 5A.	Water	69-74	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
20189781-8	2010	RALA caused a gradual increase in the GMO effective headgroup area due to the hydration, leading eventually to a transform of the hexagonal structure towards a lamellar one.	monoolein	38-41	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
20145037-3	2010	Activated RalGEFs convert the Ral family of small GTPases, composed of RalA and RalB, from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	10-13
20145037-3	2010	Activated RalGEFs convert the Ral family of small GTPases, composed of RalA and RalB, from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	71-75
20145037-3	2010	Activated RalGEFs convert the Ral family of small GTPases, composed of RalA and RalB, from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	10-13
20145037-3	2010	Activated RalGEFs convert the Ral family of small GTPases, composed of RalA and RalB, from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	71-75
19949438-0	2009	Sec-ure nanotubes with RalA and exocyst.	Urea	4-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	23-27
19567266-2	2009	The Ras-like G-proteins Ras, Rap and Ral are regulated by a variety of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that are characterized by a CDC25 homology domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	37-40
19567266-8	2009	In addition, we identify Ral guanine exchange factors and Ral in early diverged fungi, dating the origin of Ral signaling back to before the divergence of animals and fungi.	Guanine	29-36	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	25-28
20603646-3	2010	The active GTP-bound form of Ras has been known to associate with diverse effectors including Raf, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Ral-GDS, and other molecules to transmit downstream signals.	Guanosine Triphosphate	11-14	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	137-140
19609003-10	2009	Gene knockdown of either beta-arrestin or Ral proteins significantly impaired LPA-stimulated migration and invasion.	lysophosphatidic acid	78-81	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	42-45
19609003-11	2009	Thus, our data show a novel role for beta-arrestin/Ral signaling in mediating LPA-induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion, two important processes in metastasis.	lysophosphatidic acid	78-81	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-54
19250215-2	2009	In a previous study we indicated that xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is able to oxidize actively both all-trans-retinol (t-ROL) bound to the CRBP (holo-CRBP) and all-trans-retinaldehyde (t-RAL) to all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA) in human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC).	Vitamin A	100-117	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	187-190
19192015-2	2009	The association of retinaldehyde (RAL) with glycolic acid (GA) have complementary activities, which could be of interest for adult women with acne because of a better tolerance/efficacy ratio.	Retinaldehyde	19-32	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	34-37
19192015-2	2009	The association of retinaldehyde (RAL) with glycolic acid (GA) have complementary activities, which could be of interest for adult women with acne because of a better tolerance/efficacy ratio.	glycolic acid	44-57	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	34-37
19192015-2	2009	The association of retinaldehyde (RAL) with glycolic acid (GA) have complementary activities, which could be of interest for adult women with acne because of a better tolerance/efficacy ratio.	glycolic acid	59-61	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	34-37
19250215-2	2009	In a previous study we indicated that xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is able to oxidize actively both all-trans-retinol (t-ROL) bound to the CRBP (holo-CRBP) and all-trans-retinaldehyde (t-RAL) to all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA) in human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC).	Vitamin A	119-124	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	187-190
19250215-2	2009	In a previous study we indicated that xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is able to oxidize actively both all-trans-retinol (t-ROL) bound to the CRBP (holo-CRBP) and all-trans-retinaldehyde (t-RAL) to all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA) in human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC).	Retinaldehyde	160-183	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	187-190
19250215-2	2009	In a previous study we indicated that xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is able to oxidize actively both all-trans-retinol (t-ROL) bound to the CRBP (holo-CRBP) and all-trans-retinaldehyde (t-RAL) to all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA) in human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC).	Tretinoin	195-218	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	187-190
18948269-3	2008	Knockdown of RalA or RalGDS abolished amino acid- and glucose-induced mTORC1 activation, as judged by phosphorylation of S6 kinase and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1.	Glucose	54-61	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	13-17
18948269-4	2008	The amount of GTP-bound RalA increased in response to increased amino acid availability.	Guanosine Triphosphate	14-17	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	24-28
18417737-1	2008	The small GTP-binding protein Ral has been implicated in regulated exocytosis via its interaction with the mammalian exocyst complex.	Guanosine Triphosphate	10-13	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	30-33
19010291-5	2008	Although we found that MT477 partially inhibited protein kinase C (PKC), it inhibited Ras directly followed in time by inhibition of 2 Ras downstream molecules, Erk1/2 and Ral.	dimethyl 5,6-dihydro-7-methoxy-5,5-dimethyl-6-(2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-1H-1-(4,5-dimethoxycarbonyl-1,3-dithiolo-2-spiro)thiopyrano(2,3-c)quinoline-2,3-dicarboxylate	23-28	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	172-175
18417737-4	2008	Here we show that RNAi-mediated knockdown of RalGDS, an exchange factor for Ral, results in inhibition of thrombin- and epinephrine-induced exocytosis of WPBs, while overexpression of RalGDS promotes exocytosis of WPBs.	Epinephrine	120-131	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
18417737-8	2008	Together our findings suggest that RalGDS plays a vital role in the regulation of Ral-dependent WPB exocytosis after stimulation with Ca(2+)- or cAMP-raising agonists.	Cyclic AMP	145-149	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	35-38
17462594-6	2007	The Ral guanine-nucleotide-dissociation-stimulator-like, which was found to interact with the 3rd cytoplasmic loop of D(3)R, mediated the inhibitory activity of D(3)R in c-fos expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	4-7
18219307-0	2008	Ral GTPases and cancer: linchpin support of the tumorigenic platform.	linchpin	24-32	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
18361842-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of human prostate carcinoma cells induced by raloxifene (RAL).	Raloxifene Hydrochloride	162-172	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	174-177
18361842-5	2008	RAL of the concentrations of 10(-6) mol/L or 10(-6) mol/L +10 micromol/L PD98059, a MEK1/2 inhibitor, and 10(-6) mol/L RAL +10 micromol/L SB203580, JNK inhibitor, and RAL + SB203580, a p38 inhibitor were added respectively for 48 h, and the flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the cell cycle.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	73-80	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
18361842-5	2008	RAL of the concentrations of 10(-6) mol/L or 10(-6) mol/L +10 micromol/L PD98059, a MEK1/2 inhibitor, and 10(-6) mol/L RAL +10 micromol/L SB203580, JNK inhibitor, and RAL + SB203580, a p38 inhibitor were added respectively for 48 h, and the flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the cell cycle.	SB 203580	138-146	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
18361842-5	2008	RAL of the concentrations of 10(-6) mol/L or 10(-6) mol/L +10 micromol/L PD98059, a MEK1/2 inhibitor, and 10(-6) mol/L RAL +10 micromol/L SB203580, JNK inhibitor, and RAL + SB203580, a p38 inhibitor were added respectively for 48 h, and the flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the cell cycle.	SB 203580	173-181	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
18361842-13	2008	48 h after the treatment of 10(-6) mol/L RAL the PC3 cells was arrested at G(1) stage, however, 48 h after the treatment of 10(-6) mol/L RAL +10 micromol/L PD98059 and 10(-6) mol/L RAL +10 micromol/L SB203580 the degree of PC3 cell arrest at the G(1) stage was lower.	SB 203580	200-208	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
18361842-15	2008	48 h after treatment with 10(-6) mol/L RAL, the apoptosis rates were 22.9% +/- 1.5%, significantly higher than those of the 10(-6) mol/L RAL +10 micromol/L PD98059 and 10(-6) mol/L RAL +10 micromol/L SB203580 groups (15.2% +/- 1.8% and 9.7% +/- 0.6% respectively, both P < 0.05).	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	156-163	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	39-42
18361842-15	2008	48 h after treatment with 10(-6) mol/L RAL, the apoptosis rates were 22.9% +/- 1.5%, significantly higher than those of the 10(-6) mol/L RAL +10 micromol/L PD98059 and 10(-6) mol/L RAL +10 micromol/L SB203580 groups (15.2% +/- 1.8% and 9.7% +/- 0.6% respectively, both P < 0.05).	SB 203580	200-208	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	39-42
17938170-3	2008	This secretion was inhibited by the addition of GTP-Ral-binding domain (RBD) of Sec5, which is a component of the exocyst complex known to function as a tethering factor at the plasma membrane for vesicles.	Guanosine Triphosphate	48-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	52-55
17938170-4	2008	We generated an antibody against Sec5-RBD, which abolished the interaction between GTP-Ral and the exocyst complex in vitro.	Guanosine Triphosphate	83-86	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	87-90
17765682-5	2007	Disruption of RalA function by dominant-negative mutants or siRNA-mediated knockdown attenuates insulin-stimulated glucose transport.	Glucose	115-122	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-18
17847715-3	2007	Here, we show that buttermilk xanthine oxidase was capable to oxidizing all-trans-retinol (t-ROL) to all-trans-retinaldehyde (t-RAL) that was successively oxidized to all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA).	Vitamin A	72-89	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	128-131
17847715-3	2007	Here, we show that buttermilk xanthine oxidase was capable to oxidizing all-trans-retinol (t-ROL) to all-trans-retinaldehyde (t-RAL) that was successively oxidized to all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA).	Vitamin A	91-96	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	128-131
17847715-3	2007	Here, we show that buttermilk xanthine oxidase was capable to oxidizing all-trans-retinol (t-ROL) to all-trans-retinaldehyde (t-RAL) that was successively oxidized to all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA).	Retinaldehyde	101-124	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	128-131
17847715-3	2007	Here, we show that buttermilk xanthine oxidase was capable to oxidizing all-trans-retinol (t-ROL) to all-trans-retinaldehyde (t-RAL) that was successively oxidized to all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA).	Tretinoin	167-190	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	128-131
17847715-5	2007	Furthermore, treatment of the enzyme with Na2S and glutathione resulted in a significant increment in catalytic activity toward t-ROL and t-RAL, due to the reconstitution of the native structural organization of the molybdenum centre of molybdopterin cofactor of the desulfo form of xanthine oxidase.	sodium sulfide	42-46	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	140-143
17847715-5	2007	Furthermore, treatment of the enzyme with Na2S and glutathione resulted in a significant increment in catalytic activity toward t-ROL and t-RAL, due to the reconstitution of the native structural organization of the molybdenum centre of molybdopterin cofactor of the desulfo form of xanthine oxidase.	Glutathione	51-62	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	140-143
18361842-18	2008	Pretreatment with PD98059 inhibited the increase of caspase-3 and Bax expression induced by RAL.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	18-25	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-95
18361842-19	2008	1.5 h after the treatment with RAL the p- Bcl-2 expression increased remarkable, pretreatment with SB203580 inhibited the p- Bcl-2 expression induced by RAL, and however, PD98059 did not show such effect.	SB 203580	99-107	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	153-156
18361842-19	2008	1.5 h after the treatment with RAL the p- Bcl-2 expression increased remarkable, pretreatment with SB203580 inhibited the p- Bcl-2 expression induced by RAL, and however, PD98059 did not show such effect.	2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	171-178	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	31-34
17976838-3	2007	Rit signaling has been found to activate several downstream pathways including MEK/ERK, p38 MAPK, Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and Rit associates with the Par6 cell polarity machinery.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	98-101
17709381-3	2007	Three effector pathways downstream of Ras, Raf/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs), were assayed for their ability to promote the metastasis of a tumorigenic, nonmetastatic human prostate cancer cell line, DU145.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	127-130
17465208-4	2007	The aim of this investigation was to evaluate raloxifene (RAL) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/pemetrered multitargeted antifolate (MTA) to determine the most effective regimens and cellular mechanism of action to mitigate pemetrexed cytotoxicity in human bone marrow cells.	Raloxifene Hydrochloride	46-56	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	58-61
16964283-10	2007	We also show that elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species in prostate cancer cells under androgen-ablated conditions is the major inducer of RalA activation and VEGF-C synthesis.	Reactive Oxygen Species	51-74	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	158-162
17329364-5	2007	We present in vitro biochemical data demonstrating that this enzyme can generate both all-trans-retinal (t-RAL) and all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA) from the precursor all-trans-retinol (t-ROH), but unlike the CYP26s, CYP1B1 cannot degrade t-RA.	Vitamin A	169-183	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	107-110
17329364-5	2007	We present in vitro biochemical data demonstrating that this enzyme can generate both all-trans-retinal (t-RAL) and all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA) from the precursor all-trans-retinol (t-ROH), but unlike the CYP26s, CYP1B1 cannot degrade t-RA.	t-roh	185-190	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	107-110
17465208-9	2007	CONCLUSION: This study suggests that sequence-dependent administration of RAL (5FU/MTA/RAL), in combination with 5-FU/MTA, protects against MTA toxicity in human bone marrow while maintaining the maximum inhibitory effect of pemetrexed in breast cancer.	Pemetrexed	225-235	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	74-90
16580637-2	2006	In the present study, to identify the interacting proteins of Oog1, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screening using a GV-oocyte cDNA library and found that Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) is the binding partner of Oog1.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	156-159
17237388-2	2007	Ras can control the activity of multiple effectors, including Raf, PI3K, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	134-137
17052213-7	2006	These observations suggest that the increase in PtdIns(3,4)P2 and the subsequent activation of Akt may be responsible for the localized activation of RalA.	phosphatidylinositol 3,4-diphosphate	48-61	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	150-154
17052213-8	2006	Thus the signals from Ras and PI3K converge at the level of Ral GEFs (guanine nucleotide-exchange factors), and this convergence restricts the area of RalA activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	151-155
16550136-5	2006	A lymph node smear stained with RAL 555 confirmed the diagnosis of penicilliosis.	penicilliosis	67-80	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	32-35
16781882-3	2006	RalA is a positive regulator of calcium-evoked exocytosis via binding phospholipase D and is involved in G protein coupled receptor signalling by binding phospholipase C-delta1.	Calcium	32-39	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
16488989-2	2006	We recently identified the metastasis-associated protein CD24, a glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol-linked surface protein, as a downstream target of Ral signaling by profiling the expression of RalA/B-depleted bladder carcinoma cells.	Inositol	87-95	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	146-149
15538382-3	2004	Upon treatment of cells with H2O2, the small GTPase Ral is activated and this results in a JNK-dependent phosphorylation of FOXO4 on threonine 447 and threonine 451.	Hydrogen Peroxide	29-33	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	52-55
16757318-1	2006	Ral proteins regulate a variety of biological processes and are major downstream targets of Ras because of association of the RalGDS family of exchange factors with Ras-GTP.	ras-gtp	165-172	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
16757318-3	2006	Described here are methods used to determine the substrate specificity of this RalGPS family of GEFs, measure their membrane localization, interactions of with SH3 domains and phospholipids, as well as to measure their ability to activate Ral in vivo.	Phospholipids	176-189	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	79-82
16757319-2	2006	One such member, Ral GTPase, activates downstream signaling molecules after a conversion to the active state on GTP binding.	Guanosine Triphosphate	21-24	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-20
16757319-4	2006	RalGEFs activate Ral by stimulating the dissociation of GDP, allowing the binding of GTP and the initiation of downstream signaling events by Ral effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
16125679-6	2005	Using in vitro transcription-translation in the presence of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, we demonstrate enhanced Ral binding to CaM.	geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate	60-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	114-117
16125679-7	2005	Inhibition of isoprenylation in cells in culture with lovastatin resulted in decreased binding of CaM to Ral.	Lovastatin	54-64	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	105-108
15592429-2	2005	To identify novel RalA effector proteins, we used the reverse Ras recruitment system and found that RalA interacts with a Y-box transcription factor, ZO-1-associated nucleic acid-binding protein (ZONAB), in a GTP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Triphosphate	209-212	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	18-22
15592429-2	2005	To identify novel RalA effector proteins, we used the reverse Ras recruitment system and found that RalA interacts with a Y-box transcription factor, ZO-1-associated nucleic acid-binding protein (ZONAB), in a GTP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Triphosphate	209-212	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	100-104
16757319-4	2006	RalGEFs activate Ral by stimulating the dissociation of GDP, allowing the binding of GTP and the initiation of downstream signaling events by Ral effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-20
16757319-4	2006	RalGEFs activate Ral by stimulating the dissociation of GDP, allowing the binding of GTP and the initiation of downstream signaling events by Ral effectors.	Guanosine Triphosphate	85-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
16757319-4	2006	RalGEFs activate Ral by stimulating the dissociation of GDP, allowing the binding of GTP and the initiation of downstream signaling events by Ral effectors.	Guanosine Triphosphate	85-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-20
16752785-6	2006	The removal rate of aluminium species in the filtration process is not only related to its size: RAl(Sus) > RAl(C+S), RAl(C) > RAl(S), but also to the physicochemical properties of aluminium species and filter.	Aluminum	20-29	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	97-100
16752785-6	2006	The removal rate of aluminium species in the filtration process is not only related to its size: RAl(Sus) > RAl(C+S), RAl(C) > RAl(S), but also to the physicochemical properties of aluminium species and filter.	Aluminum	20-29	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	111-114
16752785-6	2006	The removal rate of aluminium species in the filtration process is not only related to its size: RAl(Sus) > RAl(C+S), RAl(C) > RAl(S), but also to the physicochemical properties of aluminium species and filter.	Aluminum	20-29	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	111-114
16752785-6	2006	The removal rate of aluminium species in the filtration process is not only related to its size: RAl(Sus) > RAl(C+S), RAl(C) > RAl(S), but also to the physicochemical properties of aluminium species and filter.	Aluminum	20-29	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	111-114
16752785-6	2006	The removal rate of aluminium species in the filtration process is not only related to its size: RAl(Sus) > RAl(C+S), RAl(C) > RAl(S), but also to the physicochemical properties of aluminium species and filter.	Sulfur	101-102	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	97-100
16007223-0	2005	The merlin tumor suppressor interacts with Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator and inhibits its activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	43-46
15538382-3	2004	Upon treatment of cells with H2O2, the small GTPase Ral is activated and this results in a JNK-dependent phosphorylation of FOXO4 on threonine 447 and threonine 451.	Threonine	133-142	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	52-55
15538382-3	2004	Upon treatment of cells with H2O2, the small GTPase Ral is activated and this results in a JNK-dependent phosphorylation of FOXO4 on threonine 447 and threonine 451.	Threonine	151-160	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	52-55
15538382-4	2004	This Ral-mediated, JNK-dependent phosphorylation is involved in the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of FOXO4 after H2O2 treatment.	Hydrogen Peroxide	136-140	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	5-8
15538382-7	2004	The results reported here, therefore, outline a homeostasis mechanism for sustaining cellular reactive oxygen species that is controlled by signalling pathways that can convey both negative (PI-3K/PKB) and positive (Ras/Ral) inputs.	Reactive Oxygen Species	94-117	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	220-223
15530367-7	2004	The other is modulated by switch II and is obstructed in Ral-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	57-60
15313192-0	2004	Nitric oxide activates Rap1 and Ral in a Ras-independent manner.	Nitric Oxide	0-12	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	32-35
15470141-4	2004	We show here that the small GTP-binding protein Ral, its guanine nucleotide exchange factor RalGDS (Ral GDP dissociation stimulator), and phospholipase D2 (PLD2) are constitutively associated with class 1 mGluRs and regulate constitutive mGluR endocytosis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	28-31	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	48-51
15470141-4	2004	We show here that the small GTP-binding protein Ral, its guanine nucleotide exchange factor RalGDS (Ral GDP dissociation stimulator), and phospholipase D2 (PLD2) are constitutively associated with class 1 mGluRs and regulate constitutive mGluR endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	48-51
15313192-1	2004	Rap1 and Ral, the small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily, have recently attracted much attention; Ral because of Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are regulated by direct binding to Ras and Rap1 because of its proposed role as an antagonist of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	9-12
15313192-1	2004	Rap1 and Ral, the small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily, have recently attracted much attention; Ral because of Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are regulated by direct binding to Ras and Rap1 because of its proposed role as an antagonist of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	106-109
15313192-1	2004	Rap1 and Ral, the small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily, have recently attracted much attention; Ral because of Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are regulated by direct binding to Ras and Rap1 because of its proposed role as an antagonist of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	106-109
15208305-3	2004	The transduction of the H-Ras mutants that retain certain functions (V12S35, V12G37, and V12C40 retain the ability to activate Raf or RalGDS or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, respectively) as well as the activated or dominant-negative mutants of RalA (V23 and N28, respectively) has revealed that the activation of Ras-RalGEFs-Ral pathway was responsible for the attenuation of the G(2) arrest induced by ethyl metanesulfonate or doxorubicin.	ethyl metanesulfonate	405-426	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	134-137
15208305-3	2004	The transduction of the H-Ras mutants that retain certain functions (V12S35, V12G37, and V12C40 retain the ability to activate Raf or RalGDS or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, respectively) as well as the activated or dominant-negative mutants of RalA (V23 and N28, respectively) has revealed that the activation of Ras-RalGEFs-Ral pathway was responsible for the attenuation of the G(2) arrest induced by ethyl metanesulfonate or doxorubicin.	Doxorubicin	430-441	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	134-137
15208305-5	2004	Activation of the Ras-Ral signaling affected neither the level nor the intracellular localization of cyclin B1 and CDC2 but interfered with the CDC2 inhibitory phosphorylation at Tyr(15) and the decrease in the cyclin B/CDC2 kinase activity in damaged cells.	Tyrosine	179-182	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	22-25
15370406-10	2004	However, the increase was greater for the RAL group (retinaldehyde) when compared with the CTRL group (excipient).	Retinaldehyde	53-66	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	42-45
15130921-0	2004	Small GTP-binding protein Ral is involved in cAMP-mediated release of von Willebrand factor from endothelial cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	6-9	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	26-29
15130921-0	2004	Small GTP-binding protein Ral is involved in cAMP-mediated release of von Willebrand factor from endothelial cells.	Cyclic AMP	45-49	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	26-29
15130921-2	2004	Recently, we have shown that the small GTP-binding protein Ral is involved in thrombin-induced exocytosis of WPBs.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	59-62
15130921-4	2004	In the present study, we investigated whether Ral is also involved in cAMP-mediated vWF release.	Cyclic AMP	70-74	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	46-49
15130921-5	2004	METHODS AND RESULTS: Activation of Ral was observed 15 to 20 minutes after stimulation of endothelial cells with epinephrine, forskolin, or dibutyryl-cAMP.	Epinephrine	113-124	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	35-38
15130921-5	2004	METHODS AND RESULTS: Activation of Ral was observed 15 to 20 minutes after stimulation of endothelial cells with epinephrine, forskolin, or dibutyryl-cAMP.	Colforsin	126-135	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	35-38
15130921-5	2004	METHODS AND RESULTS: Activation of Ral was observed 15 to 20 minutes after stimulation of endothelial cells with epinephrine, forskolin, or dibutyryl-cAMP.	Bucladesine	140-154	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	35-38
15130921-6	2004	A cell-permeable peptide comprising the carboxy-terminal part of the Ral protein reduced both thrombin-induced and epinephrine-induced vWF secretion supporting a crucial role for Ral in this process.	Epinephrine	115-126	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	69-72
15240679-4	2004	We find that Ras signaling via Ral stimulates ROS production in human T lymphocytes, and is required for TCR and phorbol ester-induced ROS production.	Reactive Oxygen Species	46-49	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	31-34
15240679-4	2004	We find that Ras signaling via Ral stimulates ROS production in human T lymphocytes, and is required for TCR and phorbol ester-induced ROS production.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	31-34
15240679-4	2004	We find that Ras signaling via Ral stimulates ROS production in human T lymphocytes, and is required for TCR and phorbol ester-induced ROS production.	Reactive Oxygen Species	135-138	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	31-34
15240679-5	2004	The related small GTPase Rap1 suppresses agonist, Ras and Ral-dependent ROS production through a PI3K-dependent pathway, identifying a novel mechanism by which Rap1 can distally antagonize Ras signaling pathways.	Reactive Oxygen Species	72-75	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	58-61
15130921-6	2004	A cell-permeable peptide comprising the carboxy-terminal part of the Ral protein reduced both thrombin-induced and epinephrine-induced vWF secretion supporting a crucial role for Ral in this process.	Epinephrine	115-126	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	179-182
15130921-7	2004	Furthermore, inhibition of protein kinase A by H-89 resulted in a marked reduction of vWF release and greatly diminished levels of GTP-Ral on stimulation with epinephrine.	Guanosine Triphosphate	131-134	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	135-138
15130921-7	2004	Furthermore, inhibition of protein kinase A by H-89 resulted in a marked reduction of vWF release and greatly diminished levels of GTP-Ral on stimulation with epinephrine.	Epinephrine	159-170	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	135-138
15130921-8	2004	Activation of Ral was independent of the activation of Epac, a cAMP-regulated exchange factor for the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2.	Cyclic AMP	63-67	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-17
15130921-9	2004	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that protein kinase A-dependent activation of Ral regulates cAMP-mediated exocytosis of WPB in endothelial cells.	Cyclic AMP	95-99	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	81-84
15197281-0	2004	Electrostatically optimized Ras-binding Ral guanine dissociation stimulator mutants increase the rate of association by stabilizing the encounter complex.	Guanine	44-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	40-43
15197281-2	2004	Here, by using the computer algorithm PARE, we designed a set of mutants of the Ras effector protein Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) with optimized electrostatic steering.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	101-104
14735500-7	2004	The recent synthesis of unusual aluminum compounds such as RAl(OH)(2), RAl(SH)(2), and RAl(SeH)(2) with terminal EH (E=O, Se, or Se) groups is likely to change the ways in which some of the well-known catalytic conversions are being carried out.	Aluminum	32-40	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	59-62
15084353-1	2004	Pretreatment with 1 nM 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25), or non-hypercalcemic Vitamin D analogs, upregulated the response of creatine kinase (CK) to 17beta-estradiol (30 nM E(2)), raloxifene (3000 nM RAL) or dihydrotestosterone (300 nM DHT) in primary human bone cells.	1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D	23-46	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	201-204
15084353-1	2004	Pretreatment with 1 nM 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25), or non-hypercalcemic Vitamin D analogs, upregulated the response of creatine kinase (CK) to 17beta-estradiol (30 nM E(2)), raloxifene (3000 nM RAL) or dihydrotestosterone (300 nM DHT) in primary human bone cells.	Estradiol	150-166	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	201-204
15084353-9	2004	Vitamin D analogs prevented the antagonistic effect of RAL in the presence of E(2), possibly due to increased numbers of ERs.	Vitamin D	0-9	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-58
14735500-7	2004	The recent synthesis of unusual aluminum compounds such as RAl(OH)(2), RAl(SH)(2), and RAl(SeH)(2) with terminal EH (E=O, Se, or Se) groups is likely to change the ways in which some of the well-known catalytic conversions are being carried out.	Aluminum	32-40	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	71-74
14735500-7	2004	The recent synthesis of unusual aluminum compounds such as RAl(OH)(2), RAl(SH)(2), and RAl(SeH)(2) with terminal EH (E=O, Se, or Se) groups is likely to change the ways in which some of the well-known catalytic conversions are being carried out.	Aluminum	32-40	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	71-74
14600091-4	2003	We developed a raloxifene-resistant MCF-7 cell model (MCF-7/Ral) and investigated the nature of raloxifene-resistant breast cancer and its response to estradiol.	Raloxifene Hydrochloride	15-25	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	60-63
14600091-11	2003	When cultured with 1 microM raloxifene, MCF-7/Ral cells grew statistically significantly (P<.001) faster than MCF-7 cells.	Raloxifene Hydrochloride	28-38	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	46-49
14600091-13	2003	Treatment with either raloxifene or tamoxifen stimulated MCF-7/Ral tumor growth, suggesting that such tumors were resistant to both drugs.	Raloxifene Hydrochloride	22-32	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	63-66
14600091-13	2003	Treatment with either raloxifene or tamoxifen stimulated MCF-7/Ral tumor growth, suggesting that such tumors were resistant to both drugs.	Tamoxifen	36-45	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	63-66
14600091-15	2003	CONCLUSIONS: Growth of raloxifene-resistant MCF-7/Ral cells in vitro and in vivo is repressed by estradiol treatment by a mechanism involving G2/M-phase arrest, decreased NF-kappaB activity, and increased Fas expression to induce apoptosis.	Raloxifene Hydrochloride	23-33	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	50-53
14600091-15	2003	CONCLUSIONS: Growth of raloxifene-resistant MCF-7/Ral cells in vitro and in vivo is repressed by estradiol treatment by a mechanism involving G2/M-phase arrest, decreased NF-kappaB activity, and increased Fas expression to induce apoptosis.	Estradiol	97-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	50-53
12773123-2	2003	The selective oestrogen receptor modulator raloxifene (RAL) acts on bone in a similar manner to oestrogen, although the mechanisms of action of RAL on osteoblasts still remain unclear.	Raloxifene Hydrochloride	43-53	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-58
12866021-1	2003	Our studies have shown that RLIP76 (RALBP1), a 76 kDa Ral-binding, Rho/Rac-GAP and Ral effector protein, is a novel multispecific transporter of xenobiotics as well as GS-Es.	Germanium	168-173	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	54-57
12866021-1	2003	Our studies have shown that RLIP76 (RALBP1), a 76 kDa Ral-binding, Rho/Rac-GAP and Ral effector protein, is a novel multispecific transporter of xenobiotics as well as GS-Es.	Germanium	168-173	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	83-86
12839989-2	2003	The Sec5 subunit of the mammalian sec6/8 complex binds Ral in a GTP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Triphosphate	64-67	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-58
12839989-3	2003	Here we report the crystal structure of the complex between the Ral-binding domain of Sec5 and RalA bound to a non-hydrolyzable GTP analog (GppNHp) at 2.1 A resolution, providing the first structural insights into the mechanism and specificity of sec6/8 regulation.	Guanosine Triphosphate	128-131	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	95-99
12839989-7	2003	Comparison of the structures of GppNHp- and GDP-bound RalA suggests a nucleotide-dependent switch mechanism for Sec5 binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	54-58
12786018-1	2003	The relative distribution of rare-earth ions R3+ (Dy3+ or Ho3+) in the phosphate glass RAl(0.30)P(3.05)O(9.62) was measured by employing the method of isomorphic substitution in neutron diffraction.	dy3+	50-54	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	87-90
12624092-7	2003	We have mapped the Ral binding site on this domain and found that it overlaps with protein-protein interaction sites on other IPT domains but that it is completely different from the G protein-geranyl-geranyl interaction face of the Ig-like domain of the Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	isoprothiolane	126-129	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	19-22
12624092-7	2003	We have mapped the Ral binding site on this domain and found that it overlaps with protein-protein interaction sites on other IPT domains but that it is completely different from the G protein-geranyl-geranyl interaction face of the Ig-like domain of the Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	259-277	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	19-22
12786018-1	2003	The relative distribution of rare-earth ions R3+ (Dy3+ or Ho3+) in the phosphate glass RAl(0.30)P(3.05)O(9.62) was measured by employing the method of isomorphic substitution in neutron diffraction.	ho3+	58-62	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	87-90
12786018-1	2003	The relative distribution of rare-earth ions R3+ (Dy3+ or Ho3+) in the phosphate glass RAl(0.30)P(3.05)O(9.62) was measured by employing the method of isomorphic substitution in neutron diffraction.	Phosphates	71-80	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	87-90
12526085-8	2002	Ca(2+)/calmodulin (CaM), which causes the small GTP-binding proteins like Rab3A and RalA to dissociate from the membranes and stimulates CaM-dependent protein kinase(s) and phosphatase, strongly stimulate the phosphorylation of p46 in the presence of cyclosporin A and cyclophylin.	Guanosine Triphosphate	48-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	84-88
12833161-6	2003	The intracellular concentrations of 4-HNE are regulated through a coordinated action of GSTs (GSTA4-4 and hGST5.8) which conjugate 4-HNE to GSH to form the conjugate (GS-HNE) and the transporter 76 kDa Ral-binding GTPase activating protein (RLIP76), which catalyze ATP-dependent transport of GS-HNE.	4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	36-41	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	202-205
12833161-6	2003	The intracellular concentrations of 4-HNE are regulated through a coordinated action of GSTs (GSTA4-4 and hGST5.8) which conjugate 4-HNE to GSH to form the conjugate (GS-HNE) and the transporter 76 kDa Ral-binding GTPase activating protein (RLIP76), which catalyze ATP-dependent transport of GS-HNE.	4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	131-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	202-205
12833161-6	2003	The intracellular concentrations of 4-HNE are regulated through a coordinated action of GSTs (GSTA4-4 and hGST5.8) which conjugate 4-HNE to GSH to form the conjugate (GS-HNE) and the transporter 76 kDa Ral-binding GTPase activating protein (RLIP76), which catalyze ATP-dependent transport of GS-HNE.	Glutathione	140-143	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	202-205
12833161-6	2003	The intracellular concentrations of 4-HNE are regulated through a coordinated action of GSTs (GSTA4-4 and hGST5.8) which conjugate 4-HNE to GSH to form the conjugate (GS-HNE) and the transporter 76 kDa Ral-binding GTPase activating protein (RLIP76), which catalyze ATP-dependent transport of GS-HNE.	4-hydroxynonenal glutathione conjugate	167-173	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	202-205
12168089-5	2002	Finally, Ral-GDS belongs to a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Ral GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	9-12
12168089-5	2002	Finally, Ral-GDS belongs to a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Ral GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	90-93
12034722-2	2002	RalA and RalB are activated by calcium, and RalA binds calmodulin in vitro.	Calcium	31-38	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
12034722-6	2002	In vitro pull-down experiments in platelets and in vitro binding assays showed endogenous Ral and calmodulin interact in a calcium-dependent manner.	Calcium	123-130	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	90-93
12034722-7	2002	Truncated Ral constructs determined in vitro and in vivo that RalA has an additional calmodulin binding domain to that previously described, that although RalB binds calmodulin, its C-terminal region is involved in partially inhibiting this interaction, and that in vitro RalA and RalB have an N-terminal calcium-independent and a C-terminal calcium-dependent calmodulin binding domain.	Calcium	305-312	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	10-13
12034722-7	2002	Truncated Ral constructs determined in vitro and in vivo that RalA has an additional calmodulin binding domain to that previously described, that although RalB binds calmodulin, its C-terminal region is involved in partially inhibiting this interaction, and that in vitro RalA and RalB have an N-terminal calcium-independent and a C-terminal calcium-dependent calmodulin binding domain.	Calcium	305-312	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	62-66
12034722-7	2002	Truncated Ral constructs determined in vitro and in vivo that RalA has an additional calmodulin binding domain to that previously described, that although RalB binds calmodulin, its C-terminal region is involved in partially inhibiting this interaction, and that in vitro RalA and RalB have an N-terminal calcium-independent and a C-terminal calcium-dependent calmodulin binding domain.	Calcium	342-349	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	10-13
12034722-7	2002	Truncated Ral constructs determined in vitro and in vivo that RalA has an additional calmodulin binding domain to that previously described, that although RalB binds calmodulin, its C-terminal region is involved in partially inhibiting this interaction, and that in vitro RalA and RalB have an N-terminal calcium-independent and a C-terminal calcium-dependent calmodulin binding domain.	Calcium	342-349	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	62-66
12545192-1	2002	We have recently demonstrated that a previously known Ral-binding GTPase activating protein, RLIP76, can also catalyze ATP-dependent transport of various structurally unrelated xeno- and endobiotics irrespective of their net charge (Awasthi et al., 2000, Biochemistry, 39: 9327).	Adenosine Triphosphate	119-122	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	54-57
11861368-3	2002	Here we show that EGF stimulates motility in human tumor cell lines, which harbor activating Ha-RasV12 via a novel signal transduction pathway mediated by the small GTP-binding proteins RalA and RhoA but independent of Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanosine Triphosphate	165-168	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	186-190
12067705-6	2002	In contrast, monomeric GTP-binding protein Ral was translocated to membranes by S1P in a Ca(2+)-independent manner, ruling out its possible role in agonist-mediated regulation of PLD.	Guanosine Triphosphate	23-26	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	43-46
12422239-0	2002	Functional reconstitution of Ral-binding GTPase activating protein, RLIP76, in proteoliposomes catalyzing ATP-dependent transport of glutathione conjugate of 4-hydroxynonenal.	Adenosine Triphosphate	106-109	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	29-32
11744922-2	2002	We identified the mammalian homologue of Sec5, a subunit of the exocyst complex determining yeast cell polarity, as a specific binding partner for GTP-ligated RalA.	Guanosine Triphosphate	147-150	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	159-163
12422239-0	2002	Functional reconstitution of Ral-binding GTPase activating protein, RLIP76, in proteoliposomes catalyzing ATP-dependent transport of glutathione conjugate of 4-hydroxynonenal.	Glutathione	133-144	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	29-32
12422239-0	2002	Functional reconstitution of Ral-binding GTPase activating protein, RLIP76, in proteoliposomes catalyzing ATP-dependent transport of glutathione conjugate of 4-hydroxynonenal.	4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	158-174	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	29-32
11689711-0	2001	Regulation of the Forkhead transcription factor AFX by Ral-dependent phosphorylation of threonines 447 and 451.	Threonine	88-98	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-58
11689711-4	2001	Here we show that the Ras-Ral pathway provokes phosphorylation of threonines 447 and 451 in the C terminus of AFX.	Threonine	66-76	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	26-29
11689711-7	2001	From these results we conclude that Ral-mediated phosphorylation of threonines 447 and 451 is required for proper activity of AFX-WT.	Threonine	68-78	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	36-39
11602241-2	2001	Unusually large non-linear 1H and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts against pressure have been detected for individual amide groups of the Ras-binding domain of Ral guanine dissociation stimulator (GDS).	Hydrogen	27-29	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	174-177
11602241-2	2001	Unusually large non-linear 1H and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts against pressure have been detected for individual amide groups of the Ras-binding domain of Ral guanine dissociation stimulator (GDS).	15n	34-37	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	174-177
11602241-2	2001	Unusually large non-linear 1H and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts against pressure have been detected for individual amide groups of the Ras-binding domain of Ral guanine dissociation stimulator (GDS).	Amides	132-137	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	174-177
11602241-2	2001	Unusually large non-linear 1H and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts against pressure have been detected for individual amide groups of the Ras-binding domain of Ral guanine dissociation stimulator (GDS).	Guanine	178-185	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	174-177
11437348-1	2001	We have recently demonstrated that RLIP76, a Ral-binding GTPase activating protein mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione (GSH) conjugates of electrophiles (GS-E) as well as doxorubicin (DOX), and that it is identical with DNP-SG ATPase, a GS-E transporter previously characterized by us in erythrocyte membranes (Awasthi et al.	Adenosine Triphosphate	92-95	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
11406615-0	2001	The brain exocyst complex interacts with RalA in a GTP-dependent manner: identification of a novel mammalian Sec3 gene and a second Sec15 gene.	Guanosine Triphosphate	51-54	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-45
11406615-4	2001	We found at least eight proteins that bound RalA in a GTP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Triphosphate	54-57	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	44-48
11437348-1	2001	We have recently demonstrated that RLIP76, a Ral-binding GTPase activating protein mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione (GSH) conjugates of electrophiles (GS-E) as well as doxorubicin (DOX), and that it is identical with DNP-SG ATPase, a GS-E transporter previously characterized by us in erythrocyte membranes (Awasthi et al.	Glutathione	119-130	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
11437348-1	2001	We have recently demonstrated that RLIP76, a Ral-binding GTPase activating protein mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione (GSH) conjugates of electrophiles (GS-E) as well as doxorubicin (DOX), and that it is identical with DNP-SG ATPase, a GS-E transporter previously characterized by us in erythrocyte membranes (Awasthi et al.	Glutathione	132-135	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
11437348-1	2001	We have recently demonstrated that RLIP76, a Ral-binding GTPase activating protein mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione (GSH) conjugates of electrophiles (GS-E) as well as doxorubicin (DOX), and that it is identical with DNP-SG ATPase, a GS-E transporter previously characterized by us in erythrocyte membranes (Awasthi et al.	Doxorubicin	183-194	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
11437348-1	2001	We have recently demonstrated that RLIP76, a Ral-binding GTPase activating protein mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione (GSH) conjugates of electrophiles (GS-E) as well as doxorubicin (DOX), and that it is identical with DNP-SG ATPase, a GS-E transporter previously characterized by us in erythrocyte membranes (Awasthi et al.	Doxorubicin	196-199	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
11322487-0	2001	Regulation of GTP-binding state in RalA through Ca2+ and calmodulin.	Guanosine Triphosphate	14-17	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	35-39
11292826-8	2001	In contrast, although the structures of the Ras-binding domains are similar, the thermodynamics of the Ras/Raf and Ras/Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator interactions are quite different.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	119-122
11340168-10	2001	Finally, we provide mechanisms for the activation of these pathways, namely, the direct in vivo interaction of TC21 with guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ral, resulting in their translocation to the plasma membrane, and the direct interaction of TC21 with PI-3K.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	161-164
11397694-0	2001	Small GTP-binding protein Ral modulates regulated exocytosis of von Willebrand factor by endothelial cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	6-9	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	26-29
11397694-2	2001	Recently, we found that the small GTP-binding protein Ral is present in a subcellular fraction containing Weibel-Palade bodies.	Guanosine Triphosphate	34-37	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	54-57
11397694-4	2001	Activation of endothelial cells by thrombin resulted in transient cycling of Ral from its inactive GDP-bound to its active GTP-bound state, which coincided with release of vWF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-80
11397694-4	2001	Activation of endothelial cells by thrombin resulted in transient cycling of Ral from its inactive GDP-bound to its active GTP-bound state, which coincided with release of vWF.	Guanosine Triphosphate	123-126	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-80
11397694-5	2001	Ral activation and exocytosis of Weibel-Palade bodies were inhibited by incubation with trifluoperazine, an inhibitor of calmodulin, before thrombin stimulation.	Trifluoperazine	88-103	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
11283245-0	2001	Regulation of Ras signaling specificity by protein kinase C. Ras proteins have the capacity to bind to and activate at least three families of downstream target proteins: Raf kinases, phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI 3)-kinase, and Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral-GEFs).	Phosphatidylinositols	184-204	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	226-229
11283245-0	2001	Regulation of Ras signaling specificity by protein kinase C. Ras proteins have the capacity to bind to and activate at least three families of downstream target proteins: Raf kinases, phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI 3)-kinase, and Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral-GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	226-229
11283245-5	2001	In particular, we show that PKC activation by phorbol ester treatment of cells blocks growth factor-induced Ral activation while it enhances Erk activation.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	108-111
11283245-9	2001	Instead, suppression of Ral-GDS activation occurs through the region N terminal to the catalytic domain, which becomes phosphorylated in response to phorbol ester treatment of cells.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	24-27
11322487-1	2001	RalA GTPase, a member of Ras superfamily proteins, shows alternative forms between the active GTP-binding and the inactive GDP-binding states.	Guanosine Triphosphate	5-8	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
11322487-1	2001	RalA GTPase, a member of Ras superfamily proteins, shows alternative forms between the active GTP-binding and the inactive GDP-binding states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
11322487-4	2001	In this study, studies were carried out to examine possible effects of Ca2+ and calmodulin, Ca2+-binding protein, directly on the GTP/GDP-binding state to recombinant unprenylated GST-RalA proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	130-133	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	184-188
11322487-4	2001	In this study, studies were carried out to examine possible effects of Ca2+ and calmodulin, Ca2+-binding protein, directly on the GTP/GDP-binding state to recombinant unprenylated GST-RalA proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	184-188
11322487-5	2001	The results showed that Ca2+ stimulated the binding of GTP to RalA, whereas it reduced the binding of GDP to RalA.	Guanosine Triphosphate	55-58	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	62-66
11322487-5	2001	The results showed that Ca2+ stimulated the binding of GTP to RalA, whereas it reduced the binding of GDP to RalA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	109-113
11322487-8	2001	These results indicate that Ca2+ alone activates RalA by stimulating GTP-binding to RalA and Ca2+/calmodulin inactivates RalA by increasing the activity of RalGTPase.	Guanosine Triphosphate	69-72	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	49-53
11322487-8	2001	These results indicate that Ca2+ alone activates RalA by stimulating GTP-binding to RalA and Ca2+/calmodulin inactivates RalA by increasing the activity of RalGTPase.	Guanosine Triphosphate	69-72	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	84-88
11322487-8	2001	These results indicate that Ca2+ alone activates RalA by stimulating GTP-binding to RalA and Ca2+/calmodulin inactivates RalA by increasing the activity of RalGTPase.	Guanosine Triphosphate	69-72	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	84-88
10896938-8	2000	This work identifies a new potential function for p130(Cas) and a new regulatory pathway involved in the control of Ral, Rap, and R-Ras GTPases that may participate in the progression of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen resistance.	Tamoxifen	210-219	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	116-119
11732624-1	2001	We have recently shown that RLIP76, a ral-binding GTPase activating protein, mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione-conjugates (GS-E) and doxorubicin (DOX) (S. Awasthi et al., Biochemistry 39,9327,2000).	Adenosine Triphosphate	86-89	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	38-41
11732624-1	2001	We have recently shown that RLIP76, a ral-binding GTPase activating protein, mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione-conjugates (GS-E) and doxorubicin (DOX) (S. Awasthi et al., Biochemistry 39,9327,2000).	Glutathione	113-124	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	38-41
11732624-1	2001	We have recently shown that RLIP76, a ral-binding GTPase activating protein, mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione-conjugates (GS-E) and doxorubicin (DOX) (S. Awasthi et al., Biochemistry 39,9327,2000).	Doxorubicin	147-158	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	38-41
11732624-1	2001	We have recently shown that RLIP76, a ral-binding GTPase activating protein, mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione-conjugates (GS-E) and doxorubicin (DOX) (S. Awasthi et al., Biochemistry 39,9327,2000).	Doxorubicin	160-163	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	38-41
11027278-1	2000	Ral GTPases have been implicated as mediators of Ras-induced signal transduction from observations that Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors associate with Ras and are activated by Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
11027278-1	2000	Ral GTPases have been implicated as mediators of Ras-induced signal transduction from observations that Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors associate with Ras and are activated by Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	104-107
11162603-4	2001	Expression of an activated mutant of Ral resulted in enhanced growth of HT1080 cells in soft agar, whereas a dominant-negative mutant of Ral inhibited their anchorage-independent growth.	Agar	93-97	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	37-40
11046144-3	2000	Here we show that an activated version of the Ras effector Rlf, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) of the small GTPase Ral, can induce the phosphorylation of serines 63 and 73 of c-Jun.	Serine	166-173	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	127-130
10681376-10	2000	Based on responses to selective chemical inhibitors, specific activities, and levels present in adult human hepatic tissues, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 strongly appeared to be the major CYP enzymes catalyzing hepatic oxidative conversion of t-ROH to t-RAL in the adult human liver.	t-roh	232-237	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	243-246
10861233-2	2000	Here we report that LDL activates the small GTPases Rap1 and Ral but not Ras, as assessed by specific precipitation of the GTP-bound enzymes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	44-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	61-64
10851075-5	2000	Rgr induces phosphorylation of ERKs, p38 and JNK kinases, and increases the levels of the GTP-bound forms of Ral and Ras.	Guanosine Triphosphate	90-93	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	109-112
10869344-4	2000	We identified the C-terminal Rit/Ras interaction domain of a protein we have designated RGL3 (Ral GEF-like 3) that shares 35% sequence identity with the known Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	94-97
10869344-6	2000	Importantly, RGL3 exhibited guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward the small GTPase Ral that was stimulated in vivo by the expression of either activated Rit or Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	89-92
10747847-0	2000	Identification and characterization of a new family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the ras-related GTPase Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	118-121
10747847-4	2000	In vitro binding and in vivo nucleotide exchange assays indicate that these GEFs specifically catalyze the GTP loading of the Ral GTPase when overexpressed in 293T cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	107-110	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	126-129
10747847-9	2000	In contrast to the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator family of Ral GEFs, the RalGPS proteins do not possess a Ras-GTP-binding domain, suggesting that they are activated in a Ras-independent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	76-79
10681376-1	2000	Oxidative conversion of all-trans-retinol (t-ROH) to all-trans-retinal (t-RAL) is recognized as the rate-limiting step for biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid from t-ROH in mammalian hepatic tissues.	Vitamin A	24-41	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	74-77
10681376-1	2000	Oxidative conversion of all-trans-retinol (t-ROH) to all-trans-retinal (t-RAL) is recognized as the rate-limiting step for biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid from t-ROH in mammalian hepatic tissues.	t-roh	43-48	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	74-77
10681376-1	2000	Oxidative conversion of all-trans-retinol (t-ROH) to all-trans-retinal (t-RAL) is recognized as the rate-limiting step for biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid from t-ROH in mammalian hepatic tissues.	Tretinoin	139-162	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	74-77
10675331-4	2000	Also, c-Src activated by EGF treatment or expression of constitutively activated Ral-GTPase led to tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 and cortactin, but not Shc or subsequent Erk activation.	Tyrosine	99-107	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	81-84
10681376-1	2000	Oxidative conversion of all-trans-retinol (t-ROH) to all-trans-retinal (t-RAL) is recognized as the rate-limiting step for biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid from t-ROH in mammalian hepatic tissues.	t-roh	168-173	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	74-77
10681376-2	2000	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of human cytochrome P-450 (CYP)-dependent monooxygenation in the conversion of t-ROH to t-RAL.	t-roh	133-138	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	144-147
10681376-4	2000	HLMS-catalyzed generation of t-RAL from t-ROH was primarily NADPH-dependent and was strongly inhibited by carbon monoxide.	NADP	60-65	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	31-34
10681376-4	2000	HLMS-catalyzed generation of t-RAL from t-ROH was primarily NADPH-dependent and was strongly inhibited by carbon monoxide.	Carbon Monoxide	106-121	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	31-34
10574935-9	1999	Finally, using the Ral binding domain of the Ral effector RLIP as an activation-specific probe for Ral proteins, it is demonstrated that endogenous RalA is activated by phorbol ester and RTK agonists.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	19-22
11455956-1	2000	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, which is a member of the Ras GTPase superfamily that regulates cellular proliferation, differentiation and transformation by mediating multiple signal transduction pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
11455956-2	2000	RalGDS can specifically promote the conversion from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state for Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
11455956-2	2000	RalGDS can specifically promote the conversion from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state for Ral.	Guanosine Triphosphate	93-96	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
10574935-9	1999	Finally, using the Ral binding domain of the Ral effector RLIP as an activation-specific probe for Ral proteins, it is demonstrated that endogenous RalA is activated by phorbol ester and RTK agonists.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
10574935-9	1999	Finally, using the Ral binding domain of the Ral effector RLIP as an activation-specific probe for Ral proteins, it is demonstrated that endogenous RalA is activated by phorbol ester and RTK agonists.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
10574935-9	1999	Finally, using the Ral binding domain of the Ral effector RLIP as an activation-specific probe for Ral proteins, it is demonstrated that endogenous RalA is activated by phorbol ester and RTK agonists.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	148-152
10574245-4	1999	The sequence docetaxel-->gemcitabine produced only a weak synergistic interaction in RAL but a strong synergism in CAEP cells.	Docetaxel	13-22	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	88-91
10512754-2	1999	RalA belongs to the superfamily of Ras-related small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	53-56	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
10512754-3	1999	Synaptic vesicles (SV) contain small GTP-binding proteins, where RalA, Rab3A, and Rab5A are the major GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	37-40	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	65-69
10512754-3	1999	Synaptic vesicles (SV) contain small GTP-binding proteins, where RalA, Rab3A, and Rab5A are the major GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	102-105	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	65-69
10574245-4	1999	The sequence docetaxel-->gemcitabine produced only a weak synergistic interaction in RAL but a strong synergism in CAEP cells.	gemcitabine	28-39	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	88-91
10574245-7	1999	Conversely, simultaneous treatment induced an antagonistic effect in both cell lines, and the sequential scheme gemcitabine-->docetaxel produced a weak synergistic effect only in RAL cells.	gemcitabine	112-123	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	182-185
10574245-7	1999	Conversely, simultaneous treatment induced an antagonistic effect in both cell lines, and the sequential scheme gemcitabine-->docetaxel produced a weak synergistic effect only in RAL cells.	Docetaxel	129-138	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	182-185
10329639-0	1999	Ca2+/calmodulin stimulates GTP binding to the ras-related protein ral-A.	Guanosine Triphosphate	27-30	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	46-71
10419502-7	1999	The calcium ionophore ionomycin activates Ral, but calcium depletion partially inhibits fMLP- and PAF-induced Ral activation, whereas Ras activation was not affected.	Calcium	4-11	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	42-45
10419502-7	1999	The calcium ionophore ionomycin activates Ral, but calcium depletion partially inhibits fMLP- and PAF-induced Ral activation, whereas Ras activation was not affected.	Ionomycin	22-31	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	42-45
10419502-7	1999	The calcium ionophore ionomycin activates Ral, but calcium depletion partially inhibits fMLP- and PAF-induced Ral activation, whereas Ras activation was not affected.	Calcium	51-58	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	110-113
10419502-8	1999	In addition, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced activation of Ral is completely abolished by inhibitors of protein kinase C, whereas 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced Ras activation is largely insensitive.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	13-49	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	72-75
10364219-0	1999	Effector recognition by the small GTP-binding proteins Ras and Ral.	Guanosine Triphosphate	34-37	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	63-66
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Triphosphate	70-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	4-7
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Triphosphate	70-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	49-52
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Triphosphate	70-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	49-52
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	4-7
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	49-52
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	49-52
10494784-0	1999	Small GTP-binding protein RalA associates with Weibel-Palade bodies in endothelial cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	6-9	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	26-30
10494784-10	1999	A monoclonal antibody directed against RalA showed reactivity with the small GTP-binding protein present in subcellular fractions that contain Weibel-Palade bodies.	Guanosine Triphosphate	77-80	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	39-43
10329639-4	1999	In this study we show the enhancement of GTP binding to Ral-A by Ca2+/calmodulin.	Guanosine Triphosphate	41-44	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	56-61
9843482-4	1998	Between the three GTPase an intriguing interconnectivity exists, in that guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ral associate with the GTP-bound form of both Ras and Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	113-116
10213614-1	1999	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, and one of its homologues is RGL (RalGDS-like).	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
10072355-3	1999	Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors contribute to cellular transformation induced by oncogenic Ras through an Erk-independent mechanism which may involve activation of transcription.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
9931431-1	1998	Mammalian Ras proteins associate with multiple effectors, including Raf, Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and AF-6.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	73-76
10075087-2	1999	Catalysis of the biotransformation of t-ROH by prenatal human cytosolic fractions resulted in accumulation of t-RAL with minimal t-RA.	t-roh	38-43	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	112-115
10075087-4	1999	In contrast, catalysis of the oxidation of t-RAL to t-RA appeared to be solely NAD+ dependent.	NAD	79-83	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
10075087-6	1999	At concentrations of 10 and 90 mM, ethanol inhibited the conversion of t-ROH to t-RAL by 25 and 43%, respectively, but did not inhibit the conversion of t-RAL to t-RA significantly.	Ethanol	35-42	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	82-85
10075087-6	1999	At concentrations of 10 and 90 mM, ethanol inhibited the conversion of t-ROH to t-RAL by 25 and 43%, respectively, but did not inhibit the conversion of t-RAL to t-RA significantly.	t-roh	71-76	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	82-85
10075087-7	1999	In contrast, acetaldehyde reduced the conversion of t-RAL to t-RA by 25 and 87% at 0.1 and 10 mM respective concentrations.	Acetaldehyde	13-25	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	54-57
10075087-9	1999	Among the compounds tested, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) was highly effective in inhibiting the conversion of t-RAL to t-RA.	4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	28-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	111-114
10075087-9	1999	Among the compounds tested, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) was highly effective in inhibiting the conversion of t-RAL to t-RA.	4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	49-54	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	111-114
9843482-4	1998	Between the three GTPase an intriguing interconnectivity exists, in that guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ral associate with the GTP-bound form of both Ras and Rap1.	Guanosine Triphosphate	18-21	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	113-116
9566869-10	1998	This activation mechanism correlates with the activation mechanism of the small GTPase Rap1, a putative upstream regulator of Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	126-129
9628477-2	1998	Among the effectors of Ras are the Raf kinase and RalGDS, a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator specific for Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	50-53
9688545-3	1998	We found that RalA, another member of the small GTP-binding proteins, synergistically enhances the ARF1-dependent PLD activity with an EC50 of about 30 nM.	Guanosine Triphosphate	48-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-18
9566869-6	1998	In contrast, the platelet antagonist prostaglandin I2 inhibited alpha-thrombin-induced Ral activation.	Epoprostenol	37-53	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	87-90
9038168-5	1997	Microinjection of a mutant RalA(28N) protein thought to sequester RalGDS family members reduced DNA synthesis stimulated by Ras as well as cAMP-mediated DNA synthesis in two cell lines which respond to cAMP with mitogenesis.	Cyclic AMP	139-143	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	27-31
9520417-7	1998	Low levels of Arf protein were detected in RalA-PLD1 complexes; however, if guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate was added to activate Arf and stimulate translocation to the membrane, high levels of Arf were precipitated by RalA from cell lysates.	Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)	76-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	225-229
9520417-9	1998	Brefeldin A, which inhibits Arf GDP-GTP exchange, inhibited PLD activity in v-Src- and v-Ras-transformed cells but not in the nontransformed cells, suggesting that the association of Arf with RalA is required for the increased PLD activity induced by v-Src and v-Ras.	Brefeldin A	0-11	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	192-196
9543348-7	1998	The protein recognized by the ralA and ralB antibodies in rat tissues and platelets had mobility on SDS-PAGE identical to that of the human platelet ral protein.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	100-103	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	30-33
9188503-0	1997	Identification and characterization of a calmodulin-binding domain in Ral-A, a Ras-related GTP-binding protein purified from human erythrocyte membrane.	Guanosine Triphosphate	91-94	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	70-75
9188503-2	1997	Based on internal peptide sequencing and its protein amino acid composition, this protein has been shown to be highly related, if not identical to, Ral-A, a Ras-related GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	169-172	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	148-153
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-54
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-95
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-95
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanosine Triphosphate	152-155	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-54
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanosine Triphosphate	152-155	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-95
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanosine Triphosphate	152-155	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-95
9516439-11	1998	In contrast, the addition of recombinant Ral proteins (RalA and RalB), glucosylation substrates for TscL and TcdB-1470, but not for TcdB, to membranes of TcdB-1470- or TcsL-treated cells fully restored PLD stimulation by PMA without altering the strict MgATP dependence of PMA-induced PLD stimulation.	trimethylaminocarboxyldihydroboran	109-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
9516439-11	1998	In contrast, the addition of recombinant Ral proteins (RalA and RalB), glucosylation substrates for TscL and TcdB-1470, but not for TcdB, to membranes of TcdB-1470- or TcsL-treated cells fully restored PLD stimulation by PMA without altering the strict MgATP dependence of PMA-induced PLD stimulation.	trimethylaminocarboxyldihydroboran	109-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-59
9516439-11	1998	In contrast, the addition of recombinant Ral proteins (RalA and RalB), glucosylation substrates for TscL and TcdB-1470, but not for TcdB, to membranes of TcdB-1470- or TcsL-treated cells fully restored PLD stimulation by PMA without altering the strict MgATP dependence of PMA-induced PLD stimulation.	tcsl	168-172	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
9516439-11	1998	In contrast, the addition of recombinant Ral proteins (RalA and RalB), glucosylation substrates for TscL and TcdB-1470, but not for TcdB, to membranes of TcdB-1470- or TcsL-treated cells fully restored PLD stimulation by PMA without altering the strict MgATP dependence of PMA-induced PLD stimulation.	tcsl	168-172	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-59
9516439-11	1998	In contrast, the addition of recombinant Ral proteins (RalA and RalB), glucosylation substrates for TscL and TcdB-1470, but not for TcdB, to membranes of TcdB-1470- or TcsL-treated cells fully restored PLD stimulation by PMA without altering the strict MgATP dependence of PMA-induced PLD stimulation.	Adenosine Triphosphate	253-258	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
9516439-11	1998	In contrast, the addition of recombinant Ral proteins (RalA and RalB), glucosylation substrates for TscL and TcdB-1470, but not for TcdB, to membranes of TcdB-1470- or TcsL-treated cells fully restored PLD stimulation by PMA without altering the strict MgATP dependence of PMA-induced PLD stimulation.	Adenosine Triphosphate	253-258	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-59
9516439-11	1998	In contrast, the addition of recombinant Ral proteins (RalA and RalB), glucosylation substrates for TscL and TcdB-1470, but not for TcdB, to membranes of TcdB-1470- or TcsL-treated cells fully restored PLD stimulation by PMA without altering the strict MgATP dependence of PMA-induced PLD stimulation.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	221-224	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
9516439-11	1998	In contrast, the addition of recombinant Ral proteins (RalA and RalB), glucosylation substrates for TscL and TcdB-1470, but not for TcdB, to membranes of TcdB-1470- or TcsL-treated cells fully restored PLD stimulation by PMA without altering the strict MgATP dependence of PMA-induced PLD stimulation.	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	221-224	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-59
9516439-12	1998	RalA-mediated restoration of PMA-stimulated PLD activity in membranes of TcsL-treated cells was not enhanced by coaddition of RasG12V.	tcsl	73-77	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
9416833-0	1997	Colocalization of Ras and Ral on the membrane is required for Ras-dependent Ral activation through Ral GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	26-29
9416833-0	1997	Colocalization of Ras and Ral on the membrane is required for Ras-dependent Ral activation through Ral GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	76-79
9416833-0	1997	Colocalization of Ras and Ral on the membrane is required for Ras-dependent Ral activation through Ral GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	76-79
9416833-1	1997	Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS), a putative effector protein of Ras, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the post-tanslationally lipid-modified but not the unmodified form of Ral in response to epidermal growth factor in COS cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
9416833-1	1997	Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS), a putative effector protein of Ras, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the post-tanslationally lipid-modified but not the unmodified form of Ral in response to epidermal growth factor in COS cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	97-100	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
9416833-6	1997	When Ral was incorporated with the GTP-bound form of Ras in the liposomes, RalGDS stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral, while the GDP-bound form of Ras did not affect the RalGDS action.	Guanosine Triphosphate	35-38	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	5-8
9416833-6	1997	When Ral was incorporated with the GTP-bound form of Ras in the liposomes, RalGDS stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral, while the GDP-bound form of Ras did not affect the RalGDS action.	Guanosine Triphosphate	35-38	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	75-78
9416833-6	1997	When Ral was incorporated with the GTP-bound form of Ras in the liposomes, RalGDS stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral, while the GDP-bound form of Ras did not affect the RalGDS action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	5-8
9416833-6	1997	When Ral was incorporated with the GTP-bound form of Ras in the liposomes, RalGDS stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral, while the GDP-bound form of Ras did not affect the RalGDS action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	75-78
9416833-6	1997	When Ral was incorporated with the GTP-bound form of Ras in the liposomes, RalGDS stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral, while the GDP-bound form of Ras did not affect the RalGDS action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	5-8
9416833-8	1997	Rap, which shared the same effector loop as Ras, also stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral through RalGDS in the liposomes, although Rap did not enhance the RalGDS action in COS cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	94-97
9253406-1	1997	The Ras-interacting domains of the the protein-kinase Raf and the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, RalGDS, lack extensive sequence similarity, but their overall three-dimensional structures are very similar to each other.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	66-69
9038168-5	1997	Microinjection of a mutant RalA(28N) protein thought to sequester RalGDS family members reduced DNA synthesis stimulated by Ras as well as cAMP-mediated DNA synthesis in two cell lines which respond to cAMP with mitogenesis.	Cyclic AMP	202-206	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	27-31
8972729-8	1996	Addition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to the reaction mixture inhibited incorporation of radioactivity into ralA and ralB but not cH-ras suggesting that both ralA and ralB proteins are geranylgeranylated.	geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate	12-40	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	111-115
8972729-8	1996	Addition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to the reaction mixture inhibited incorporation of radioactivity into ralA and ralB but not cH-ras suggesting that both ralA and ralB proteins are geranylgeranylated.	geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate	12-40	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	161-165
8756332-1	1996	Members of the Ras subfamily of small GTP-binding proteins have been shown to be promiscuous towards a variety of putative effector molecules such as the protein kinase c-Raf and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Ral-GEF).	Guanosine Triphosphate	38-41	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	183-186
8702675-1	1996	Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) is a GDP/GTP exchange protein of Ral and a new effector protein of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
8702675-1	1996	Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) is a GDP/GTP exchange protein of Ral and a new effector protein of Ras.	Guanosine Triphosphate	50-53	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
8702675-6	1996	The post-translational modification of Ral enhanced the activities of RalGDS to stimulate the dissociation of GDP from and the binding of GTP to Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	39-42
8702675-6	1996	The post-translational modification of Ral enhanced the activities of RalGDS to stimulate the dissociation of GDP from and the binding of GTP to Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	70-73
8702675-6	1996	The post-translational modification of Ral enhanced the activities of RalGDS to stimulate the dissociation of GDP from and the binding of GTP to Ral.	Guanosine Triphosphate	138-141	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	39-42
8702675-6	1996	The post-translational modification of Ral enhanced the activities of RalGDS to stimulate the dissociation of GDP from and the binding of GTP to Ral.	Guanosine Triphosphate	138-141	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	70-73
15299618-0	1996	Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the Ras binding domain of RalGDS, a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator of the Ral protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	87-90
15299618-1	1996	The RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator which activates the Ral protein, a Ras-like small GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	4-7
8756332-1	1996	Members of the Ras subfamily of small GTP-binding proteins have been shown to be promiscuous towards a variety of putative effector molecules such as the protein kinase c-Raf and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Ral-GEF).	Guanosine Triphosphate	38-41	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	232-235
1903399-0	1991	Carboxyl-terminal isoprenylation of ras-related GTP-binding proteins encoded by rac1, rac2, and ralA.	Guanosine Triphosphate	48-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	96-100
8636102-0	1996	Differential interaction of the ras family GTP-binding proteins H-Ras, Rap1A, and R-Ras with the putative effector molecules Raf kinase and Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanosine Triphosphate	43-46	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	140-143
8570186-2	1995	RIP1 binds to Ral in a GTP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Triphosphate	23-26	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-17
1903399-3	1991	We now show that three GTP-binding proteins encoded by the recently identified rac1, rac2, and ralA genes also undergo isoprenoid modification.	Terpenes	119-129	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	95-99
8664345-5	1996	Analysis of GTPase reaction products by thin layer chromatography demonstrated that in samples containing ralA, 78.5 +/- 6.3% of the radioactivity was recovered in the GTP form while samples containing ralA plus platelet cytosol or particulate proteins, only 7.5 +/- 0.2% and 9.0 +/- 1.4% of the radioactivity was in the GTP form respectively.	Guanosine Triphosphate	12-15	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	106-110
8664345-5	1996	Analysis of GTPase reaction products by thin layer chromatography demonstrated that in samples containing ralA, 78.5 +/- 6.3% of the radioactivity was recovered in the GTP form while samples containing ralA plus platelet cytosol or particulate proteins, only 7.5 +/- 0.2% and 9.0 +/- 1.4% of the radioactivity was in the GTP form respectively.	Guanosine Triphosphate	168-171	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	106-110
8636102-7	1996	As long as the cellular localizations of the different proteins and their biological functions are not clarified, these biochemical data seem to indicate that Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factors is an effector molecule of Rap1A rather than of H-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	159-162
8637701-0	1996	The TC21 oncoprotein interacts with the Ral guanosine nucleotide dissociation factor.	guanosine nucleotide	44-64	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	40-43
8637701-4	1996	RalGDS is an exchange factor that stimulates GDP dissociation from Ral, another member of the Ras superfamily of proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
7623849-5	1995	RalBP1 binds specifically to the active GTP-bound form of RalA and not to a mutant Ral with a point mutation in its putative effector domain.	Guanosine Triphosphate	40-43	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
7972015-0	1994	Activated Ras interacts with the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	33-36
7972015-2	1994	The H-Ras protein was found to interact with a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) that has been previously shown to regulate guanine nucleotide exchange on another member of the Ras protein family, Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	212-215
7972015-2	1994	The H-Ras protein was found to interact with a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) that has been previously shown to regulate guanine nucleotide exchange on another member of the Ras protein family, Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	212-215
7925476-2	1994	Recombinant c-Ha-ras, ralA and rap2, but not rap1A or rap1B proteins retained their ability to bind [alpha-32P]GTP after SDS/PAGE and transfer to nitrocellulose.	alpha-32p	101-110	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	22-26
7925476-2	1994	Recombinant c-Ha-ras, ralA and rap2, but not rap1A or rap1B proteins retained their ability to bind [alpha-32P]GTP after SDS/PAGE and transfer to nitrocellulose.	Guanosine Triphosphate	111-114	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	22-26
7925476-2	1994	Recombinant c-Ha-ras, ralA and rap2, but not rap1A or rap1B proteins retained their ability to bind [alpha-32P]GTP after SDS/PAGE and transfer to nitrocellulose.	Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	121-124	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	22-26
8373799-0	1993	Ral and Rab3a are major GTP-binding proteins of axonal rapid transport and synaptic vesicles and do not redistribute following depolarization stimulated synaptosomal exocytosis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	24-27	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
8094051-5	1993	The encoded protein stimulates the dissociation of guanine nucleotides from the ras-related ralA and ralB GTPases at a rate at least 30-fold faster than the intrinsic nucleotide dissociation rate.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-70	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-96
1506917-1	1992	Racemic all-trans-3-hydroxyretinal (3-OH-RAL) (1) was converted by a reaction with (-)-camphanic acid chloride (CpCl) into a diastereomixture of camphanates (2a) and (2b) which was separated by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to give two esters (2a) and (2b) in pure state, respectively.	3-hydroxyretinal	8-34	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
1506917-1	1992	Racemic all-trans-3-hydroxyretinal (3-OH-RAL) (1) was converted by a reaction with (-)-camphanic acid chloride (CpCl) into a diastereomixture of camphanates (2a) and (2b) which was separated by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to give two esters (2a) and (2b) in pure state, respectively.	(1S)-(-)-Camphanic chloride	83-110	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
1506917-1	1992	Racemic all-trans-3-hydroxyretinal (3-OH-RAL) (1) was converted by a reaction with (-)-camphanic acid chloride (CpCl) into a diastereomixture of camphanates (2a) and (2b) which was separated by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to give two esters (2a) and (2b) in pure state, respectively.	cpcl	112-116	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
1506917-1	1992	Racemic all-trans-3-hydroxyretinal (3-OH-RAL) (1) was converted by a reaction with (-)-camphanic acid chloride (CpCl) into a diastereomixture of camphanates (2a) and (2b) which was separated by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to give two esters (2a) and (2b) in pure state, respectively.	camphanates	145-156	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
1506917-1	1992	Racemic all-trans-3-hydroxyretinal (3-OH-RAL) (1) was converted by a reaction with (-)-camphanic acid chloride (CpCl) into a diastereomixture of camphanates (2a) and (2b) which was separated by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to give two esters (2a) and (2b) in pure state, respectively.	Esters	264-270	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
1903399-7	1991	Gel permeation chromatography of radiolabeled hydrocarbons released from the rac1, rac2, and ralA proteins by reaction with Raney nickel catalyst indicated that unlike p21Hras, which was modified by a 15-carbon moiety, the rac and ralA translation products were modified by 20-carbon isoprenyl groups.	Hydrocarbons	46-58	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	93-97
1903399-7	1991	Gel permeation chromatography of radiolabeled hydrocarbons released from the rac1, rac2, and ralA proteins by reaction with Raney nickel catalyst indicated that unlike p21Hras, which was modified by a 15-carbon moiety, the rac and ralA translation products were modified by 20-carbon isoprenyl groups.	Nickel	130-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	93-97
1903399-7	1991	Gel permeation chromatography of radiolabeled hydrocarbons released from the rac1, rac2, and ralA proteins by reaction with Raney nickel catalyst indicated that unlike p21Hras, which was modified by a 15-carbon moiety, the rac and ralA translation products were modified by 20-carbon isoprenyl groups.	Carbon	51-57	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	93-97
1903399-8	1991	Site-directed mutagenesis established that the isoprenylated cysteines in the rac1, rac2, and ralA proteins were located in the fourth position from the carboxyl terminus.	Cysteine	61-70	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	94-98
1903399-10	1991	The isoprenylation of rac1 (CSLL), ralA (CCIL), and the site-directed mutants rac1 (CRLL) and ralA (CSIL), demonstrates that the amino acid adjacent to the cysteine need not be aliphatic.	ccil	41-45	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	35-39
1903399-10	1991	The isoprenylation of rac1 (CSLL), ralA (CCIL), and the site-directed mutants rac1 (CRLL) and ralA (CSIL), demonstrates that the amino acid adjacent to the cysteine need not be aliphatic.	Cysteine	156-164	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	35-39
1903399-10	1991	The isoprenylation of rac1 (CSLL), ralA (CCIL), and the site-directed mutants rac1 (CRLL) and ralA (CSIL), demonstrates that the amino acid adjacent to the cysteine need not be aliphatic.	Cysteine	156-164	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	94-98
1903399-3	1991	We now show that three GTP-binding proteins encoded by the recently identified rac1, rac2, and ralA genes also undergo isoprenoid modification.	Guanosine Triphosphate	23-26	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	95-99
21897465-5	1991	The plasma levels of nitroxazepin (ng/ral) showed a rise from a mean ( +SEM) level.	nitroxazepin	21-33	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	38-41
34869198-0	2021	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Pyrano(2,3-c)-pyrazole-Based RalA Inhibitors Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma.	pyrano(2,3-c)-pyrazole	48-70	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-81
34944949-6	2021	Moreover, using confocal fluorescence time-lapse microscopy, we show in 5637 cells that TNTs mediate the trafficking of RalA protein and transmembrane MHC class III protein leukocyte-specific transcript 1 (LST1).	tnts	88-92	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	120-124
2108160-0	1990	Guanine nucleotide binding properties of the mammalian RalA protein produced in Escherichia coli.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-59
34869198-2	2021	In the current study, we report the discovery of a series of 6-sulfonylamide-pyrano (2,3-c)-pyrazole derivatives as novel RalA inhibitors.	6-sulfonylamide-pyrano (2,3-c)-pyrazole	61-100	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	122-126
34869198-6	2021	Overall, our results suggested that a novel small-molecule RalA inhibitor with a 6-sulfonylamide-pyrano (2, 3-c)-pyrazole scaffold suppressed autophagy and cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma, and that it has potential for HCC-targeted therapy.	6-sulfonylamide-pyrano (2, 3-c)-pyrazole	81-121	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	59-63
34767674-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ras-like (Ral) small GTPases, RalA and RalB, are proto-oncogenes directly downstream of Ras and cycle between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Triphosphate	142-145	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-55
34767674-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ras-like (Ral) small GTPases, RalA and RalB, are proto-oncogenes directly downstream of Ras and cycle between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-55
34074494-2	2021	RAL GTPases function as molecular switches in cells by cycling through GDP- and GTP-bound states, a process which is regulated by several guanine exchange factors (GEFs) and two heterodimeric GTPase activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
34538237-0	2021	Formulating RALA/Au nanocomplexes to enhance nanoparticle internalisation efficiency, sensitising prostate tumour models to radiation treatment.	Gold	17-19	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	12-16
34538237-3	2021	RESULTS: RALA/Au nanoparticles were formed by optimising the ratio of RALA to citrate capped AuNPs, with assembly occurring through electrostatic interactions.	Gold	14-16	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	70-74
34538237-3	2021	RESULTS: RALA/Au nanoparticles were formed by optimising the ratio of RALA to citrate capped AuNPs, with assembly occurring through electrostatic interactions.	Citric Acid	78-85	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	9-13
34397689-6	2021	The lysophosphatidylcholine (LPCs(16:1),(17:1),(20:3)) and phosphophatidylcholine species (PCs(40:7),(38:4)) had an opposite response to RAL versus ATV/r in the discovery and validation cohort.	Lysophosphatidylcholines	4-27	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	137-140
34397689-6	2021	The lysophosphatidylcholine (LPCs(16:1),(17:1),(20:3)) and phosphophatidylcholine species (PCs(40:7),(38:4)) had an opposite response to RAL versus ATV/r in the discovery and validation cohort.	lpcs	29-33	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	137-140
34397689-6	2021	The lysophosphatidylcholine (LPCs(16:1),(17:1),(20:3)) and phosphophatidylcholine species (PCs(40:7),(38:4)) had an opposite response to RAL versus ATV/r in the discovery and validation cohort.	phosphophatidylcholine	59-81	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	137-140
34320341-5	2021	Mechanistically, RalA performs this function through phospholipase D1 (PLD1), an enzyme that converts phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidic acid (PA) and that is recruited to lysosomes during nutrient stress in a RalA-dependent fashion.	Phosphatidylcholines	102-121	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-21
34320341-5	2021	Mechanistically, RalA performs this function through phospholipase D1 (PLD1), an enzyme that converts phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidic acid (PA) and that is recruited to lysosomes during nutrient stress in a RalA-dependent fashion.	Phosphatidylcholines	123-125	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-21
34320341-5	2021	Mechanistically, RalA performs this function through phospholipase D1 (PLD1), an enzyme that converts phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidic acid (PA) and that is recruited to lysosomes during nutrient stress in a RalA-dependent fashion.	Phosphatidic Acids	130-147	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-21
34320341-5	2021	Mechanistically, RalA performs this function through phospholipase D1 (PLD1), an enzyme that converts phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidic acid (PA) and that is recruited to lysosomes during nutrient stress in a RalA-dependent fashion.	Phosphatidic Acids	149-151	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-21
34320341-7	2021	Our data support a model in which RalA recruits PLD1 to lysosomes during nutrient deprivation to promote the localized production of PA and the recruitment of perilipin 3 to expanding LDs.	Phosphatidic Acids	133-135	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	34-38
34118960-14	2021	BQU57, a small molecule inhibitor of RALA and RALB, decreased TNBC cell line viability, sensitized cells to paclitaxel in vitro and decreased tumor growth and metastasis in TNBC cell line and PDX models in vivo.	Paclitaxel	108-118	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	37-41
34455002-6	2021	Our affibody-based platform containing a rigid linker and one RALA unit presents an adequate transfection efficacy and low toxicity (based on MTT and apoptosis assays), however, the platform containing two RALA units and a flexible linker demonstrated high transfection efficacy while having modest toxicity in HER3 positive breast cancer cells.	monooxyethylene trimethylolpropane tristearate	142-145	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	62-66
34538237-3	2021	RESULTS: RALA/Au nanoparticles were formed by optimising the ratio of RALA to citrate capped AuNPs, with assembly occurring through electrostatic interactions.	aunps	93-98	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	9-13
34538237-3	2021	RESULTS: RALA/Au nanoparticles were formed by optimising the ratio of RALA to citrate capped AuNPs, with assembly occurring through electrostatic interactions.	aunps	93-98	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	70-74
34538237-5	2021	Nano-complexes successfully formed at w:w ratios > 20:1 (20 microg RALA:1 microg AuNP) yielding positively charged nanoparticles, sized < 110 nm with PDI values < 0.52.	Tungsten	38-39	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	67-71
34074494-2	2021	RAL GTPases function as molecular switches in cells by cycling through GDP- and GTP-bound states, a process which is regulated by several guanine exchange factors (GEFs) and two heterodimeric GTPase activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Triphosphate	80-83	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
34074494-2	2021	RAL GTPases function as molecular switches in cells by cycling through GDP- and GTP-bound states, a process which is regulated by several guanine exchange factors (GEFs) and two heterodimeric GTPase activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine	138-145	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
34074494-4	2021	Consequently, it is not surprising that an increasing number of physiological functions are discovered to be controlled by RAL, including neuronal plasticity, immune response, and glucose and lipid homeostasis.	Glucose	180-187	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	123-126
35318680-1	2022	Both RalA and RalB interact with the ubiquitous calcium sensor, calmodulin (CaM).	Calcium	48-55	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	5-9
35441318-9	2022	Furthermore, spray drying with the optimal variables in combination with a low mannitol concentration (1% and 3%, w/v) produced functional RALA/pDNA NPs.	Mannitol	79-87	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	139-143
33637050-8	2021	A higher proportion of patients on DTG achieved VS compared to PI/rs [Range:33.1%(13.6,50.4)-45.3%(24.1,61.6)] and RAL [16.7%(3.3,31.2)] in patients with VL > 100,000 copies/mL at baseline, and similar VS was achieved in patients with CD4+ <= 200 cells/muL at baseline.	dolutegravir	35-38	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	115-118
35061330-0	2022	Covalent Fragment Screening Identifies Rgl2 RalGEF Cysteine for Targeted Covalent Inhibition of Ral GTPase Activation.	Cysteine	51-59	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	96-99
35061330-4	2022	However, several cysteine amino acids exist on the surface of guanine exchange factors that activate Ral GTPases, such as Rgl2.	cysteine amino acids	17-37	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	101-104
35061330-4	2022	However, several cysteine amino acids exist on the surface of guanine exchange factors that activate Ral GTPases, such as Rgl2.	Guanine	62-69	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	101-104
35061330-6	2022	We found several chloroacetamide and acrylamide fragments that inhibited Ral GTPase exchange by Rgl2.	chloroacetamide	17-32	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	73-76
35061330-6	2022	We found several chloroacetamide and acrylamide fragments that inhibited Ral GTPase exchange by Rgl2.	Acrylamide	37-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	73-76
35061330-7	2022	Site-directed mutagenesis showed that covalent bond formation at Cys-284, but not other cysteines, leads to inhibition of Ral activation by Rgl2.	Cysteine	65-68	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	122-125
35061330-9	2022	Cys-284 is located outside of the Ral Rgl2 interface on a loop that has several residues that come in direct contact with Ral GTPases.	Cysteine	0-3	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	34-37
35061330-9	2022	Cys-284 is located outside of the Ral Rgl2 interface on a loop that has several residues that come in direct contact with Ral GTPases.	Cysteine	0-3	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	122-125
35089296-3	2022	The toxic herbicide alachlor was first employed in this study as an objective probe to determine the dechlorination performance, which was quantified by the alachlor removal (Rala), the current efficiency (CEala), and the dechlorination selectivity (Sdes).	alachlor	20-28	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	175-179
2550440-0	1989	Identification of the ral and rac1 gene products, low molecular mass GTP-binding proteins from human platelets.	Guanosine Triphosphate	69-72	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	22-25
2550440-5	1989	A full length human ral cDNA was isolated from a placental cDNA library, and its deduced amino acid sequence, compared with simian ral, also contained the Asp----Glu substitution along with two other substitutions and an additional three NH2-terminal amino acids.	Aspartic Acid	155-158	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	20-23
2550440-5	1989	A full length human ral cDNA was isolated from a placental cDNA library, and its deduced amino acid sequence, compared with simian ral, also contained the Asp----Glu substitution along with two other substitutions and an additional three NH2-terminal amino acids.	Glutamic Acid	162-165	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	20-23
2550440-11	1989	These results identify two new GTP-binding proteins in human platelets, ral, the major protein that binds [alpha-32P]GTP on nitrocellulose transfers, and rac1, a substrate for botulinum C3 ADP-ribosyltransferase.	Guanosine Triphosphate	31-34	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	72-75
2550440-11	1989	These results identify two new GTP-binding proteins in human platelets, ral, the major protein that binds [alpha-32P]GTP on nitrocellulose transfers, and rac1, a substrate for botulinum C3 ADP-ribosyltransferase.	[alpha-32p]gtp	106-120	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	72-75
3023062-6	1986	The GTP binding regions of p21 ras and a C-terminal cysteine involved in membrane anchoring are also present in ral; this strongly suggests that ral is a GTP binding protein with membrane localization.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	112-115
3023062-6	1986	The GTP binding regions of p21 ras and a C-terminal cysteine involved in membrane anchoring are also present in ral; this strongly suggests that ral is a GTP binding protein with membrane localization.	Guanosine Triphosphate	4-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	145-148
3023062-6	1986	The GTP binding regions of p21 ras and a C-terminal cysteine involved in membrane anchoring are also present in ral; this strongly suggests that ral is a GTP binding protein with membrane localization.	Cysteine	52-60	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	112-115
3023062-6	1986	The GTP binding regions of p21 ras and a C-terminal cysteine involved in membrane anchoring are also present in ral; this strongly suggests that ral is a GTP binding protein with membrane localization.	Cysteine	52-60	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	145-148
3023062-6	1986	The GTP binding regions of p21 ras and a C-terminal cysteine involved in membrane anchoring are also present in ral; this strongly suggests that ral is a GTP binding protein with membrane localization.	Guanosine Triphosphate	154-157	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	112-115
3023062-6	1986	The GTP binding regions of p21 ras and a C-terminal cysteine involved in membrane anchoring are also present in ral; this strongly suggests that ral is a GTP binding protein with membrane localization.	Guanosine Triphosphate	154-157	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	145-148
4457185-0	1974	A rapid and reliable in situ spectrophotofluorometric method for the analysis of Co-Ral and bayrusil in lake and sewage water.	Water	120-125	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	84-87
33290747-8	2021	Using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, we found that miR-139 likely affected PC cell cycle by targeting RalB via the Ral/protein kinase B (Akt) serine/threonine kinase 1 (RAC)/phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, thus affecting cell proliferation.	Serine	191-197	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	151-154
33947409-3	2021	In this study, a nano-formulation with the RALA peptide was used to complex the N-BP, alendronate (ALN) into nanoparticles (NPs) < 200 nm for optimal endocytic uptake.	n-bp	80-84	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	43-47
33947409-3	2021	In this study, a nano-formulation with the RALA peptide was used to complex the N-BP, alendronate (ALN) into nanoparticles (NPs) < 200 nm for optimal endocytic uptake.	Alendronate	86-97	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	43-47
33947409-3	2021	In this study, a nano-formulation with the RALA peptide was used to complex the N-BP, alendronate (ALN) into nanoparticles (NPs) < 200 nm for optimal endocytic uptake.	Alendronate	99-102	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	43-47
33947409-5	2021	RALA NPs were effectively taken up by GBM where a dose-dependent response was evidenced with potentiation factors of 14.96 and 13.4 relative to ALN alone after 72 h in LN229 and T98G cells, respectively.	Alendronate	144-147	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
33244883-0	2021	Design and Efficient Synthesis of RalA Inhibitors Containing the Dihydro-alpha-carboline Scaffold.	dihydro-alpha-carboline	65-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	34-38
33244883-3	2021	In this study, we designed a new type of RalA inhibitor containing a dihydro-alpha-carboline scaffold.	dihydro-alpha-carboline	69-92	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-45
33244883-5	2021	Evaluation of the biological activity showed that some of the dihydro-alpha-carboline derivatives can inhibit RalA/B and proliferative activities of NSCLC cell lines.	dihydro-alpha-carboline	62-85	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	110-114
33244883-8	2021	A molecular docking study revealed that 3 o can form stable hydrogen bonds with residues of RalA.	Hydrogen	60-68	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-96
33244883-9	2021	Moreover, amide-pi and alkyl-pi interactions also contributed to the affinity between 3 o and RalA.	Amides	10-15	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	94-98
33637050-10	2021	Patients receiving DTG had lower odds of discontinuing therapy by W96 compared to PI/rs, EFV, RAL and EVG/c.	dolutegravir	19-22	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	94-97
33569865-2	2021	AIMS: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of multilamellar vesicle containing retinaldehyde (MLV-RAL) 0.05% and 0.1% used to treat photoaged skin.	Retinaldehyde	94-107	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	113-116
33569865-8	2021	Compared with the retinol treated side, MLV-RAL treated side showed a significant improvement of objective assessments except for dermal density.	Vitamin A	18-25	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	44-47
33297306-0	2020	Improving the Intercellular Uptake and Osteogenic Potency of Calcium Phosphate via Nanocomplexation with the RALA Peptide.	calcium phosphate	61-78	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	109-113
32993972-4	2020	The siMMP-9 complexes were successfully formed by mixing the RALA cell penetrating peptide with siMMP-9.	simmp-9	4-11	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	61-65
32866784-5	2020	After virtual screening of compounds, it was found that levonidazole selected from our virtual small molecule compound library has the potential to bind to RalA.	levonidazole	56-68	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	156-160
32866784-8	2020	Additionally, IL-1beta/IL-18 secretion from ATP + LPS stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages was RalA-dependently suppressed by levornidazole, suggesting that RalA might have an inhibitory effect on NLRP3 inflammasome activation.	Adenosine Triphosphate	44-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	95-99
32866784-8	2020	Additionally, IL-1beta/IL-18 secretion from ATP + LPS stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages was RalA-dependently suppressed by levornidazole, suggesting that RalA might have an inhibitory effect on NLRP3 inflammasome activation.	Adenosine Triphosphate	44-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	157-161
32993972-11	2020	Taken together, this study demonstrates that the RALA-siMMP-9 activated Col/GAG scaffolds possess high potential as a promising regenerative platform for improved DFU healing.	Glycosaminoglycans	76-79	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	49-53
32993972-4	2020	The siMMP-9 complexes were successfully formed by mixing the RALA cell penetrating peptide with siMMP-9.	simmp-9	96-103	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	61-65
32993972-11	2020	Taken together, this study demonstrates that the RALA-siMMP-9 activated Col/GAG scaffolds possess high potential as a promising regenerative platform for improved DFU healing.	simmp-9	54-61	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	49-53
32558229-0	2020	Affibody-Conjugated RALA Polymers Delivering Oligomeric 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine for Targeted Therapy of HER2 Overexpressing Gastric Cancer.	Floxuridine	56-76	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	20-24
32558229-1	2020	Affibody-conjugated RALA (affi-RA) are designed for delivering oligomeric 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR, metabolite of 5-FU) strand to raise the selectivity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), decrease its toxicity and improve its suboptimal therapeutic efficacy.	Floxuridine	74-94	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	20-24
32558229-1	2020	Affibody-conjugated RALA (affi-RA) are designed for delivering oligomeric 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR, metabolite of 5-FU) strand to raise the selectivity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), decrease its toxicity and improve its suboptimal therapeutic efficacy.	Floxuridine	96-100	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	20-24
32558229-1	2020	Affibody-conjugated RALA (affi-RA) are designed for delivering oligomeric 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR, metabolite of 5-FU) strand to raise the selectivity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), decrease its toxicity and improve its suboptimal therapeutic efficacy.	Fluorouracil	116-120	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	20-24
32558229-1	2020	Affibody-conjugated RALA (affi-RA) are designed for delivering oligomeric 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR, metabolite of 5-FU) strand to raise the selectivity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), decrease its toxicity and improve its suboptimal therapeutic efficacy.	Fluorouracil	157-171	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	20-24
32558229-1	2020	Affibody-conjugated RALA (affi-RA) are designed for delivering oligomeric 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR, metabolite of 5-FU) strand to raise the selectivity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), decrease its toxicity and improve its suboptimal therapeutic efficacy.	Fluorouracil	173-177	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	20-24
31916136-2	2020	RalA and RalB are activated downstream of the master regulator, Ras, which causes the nucleotide exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
31916136-2	2020	RalA and RalB are activated downstream of the master regulator, Ras, which causes the nucleotide exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	117-120	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
31916136-3	2020	Here we report the 1H, 15 N and 13C resonance assignments of RalA in its active form bound to the GTP analogue GMPPNP.	Nitrogen	26-27	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	61-65
31916136-3	2020	Here we report the 1H, 15 N and 13C resonance assignments of RalA in its active form bound to the GTP analogue GMPPNP.	Guanosine Triphosphate	98-101	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	61-65
31916136-4	2020	We also report the backbone assignments of RalA in its inactive, GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	43-47
31531954-4	2019	In this study, an affibody molecule against HER3 is conjugated to a biomimetic peptide RALA (an amphipathic and cationic peptide enriched with arginine) and the ability of the fusion vector for targeting HER3 and afterward delivering specific genes in breast cancer cells is evaluated.	Arginine	143-151	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	87-91
32179690-6	2020	The structure, along with additional high-resolution crystal structures of several analogs in complex with RalA, confirm the importance of key hydrogen bond anchors between compound sulfone oxygen atoms and Ral backbone nitrogen atoms.	Hydrogen	143-151	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	107-111
32179690-6	2020	The structure, along with additional high-resolution crystal structures of several analogs in complex with RalA, confirm the importance of key hydrogen bond anchors between compound sulfone oxygen atoms and Ral backbone nitrogen atoms.	Sulfones	182-189	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	107-111
32179690-6	2020	The structure, along with additional high-resolution crystal structures of several analogs in complex with RalA, confirm the importance of key hydrogen bond anchors between compound sulfone oxygen atoms and Ral backbone nitrogen atoms.	Oxygen	190-196	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	107-111
32179690-6	2020	The structure, along with additional high-resolution crystal structures of several analogs in complex with RalA, confirm the importance of key hydrogen bond anchors between compound sulfone oxygen atoms and Ral backbone nitrogen atoms.	Nitrogen	220-228	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	107-111
32309324-10	2020	LoA of RAL measurement between AS-OCT and Scheimpflug imaging was -3.83 to -0.79 mm, and the Pearson correlation efficient was 0.909 (P<0.001).	as-oct	31-37	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	7-10
32309324-10	2020	LoA of RAL measurement between AS-OCT and Scheimpflug imaging was -3.83 to -0.79 mm, and the Pearson correlation efficient was 0.909 (P<0.001).	scheimpflug	42-53	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	7-10
32309324-11	2020	The RAL values measured by AS-OCT were significantly greater than that by Scheimpflug camera with a mean difference of 2.31 mm for all participants (P<0.001).	as-oct	27-33	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	4-7
31615091-7	2019	2HF also depleted the Ral-regulated, stress-responsive,antiapoptotic endocytic protein RLIP76 (RALBP1), the inhibition of which has previously beenshown to inhibit B16-F0 melanoma growth in vivo.	2'-hydroxyflavanone	0-3	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	22-25
31088913-8	2019	This work establishes that direct quantitation of the nucleotide-bound conformation is required to accurately determine an activation potential for any given GTPase, as small GTPases such as RAS-like proto-oncogene A (RALA) or the G12C mutant of KRAS display fast exchange kinetics but have a high affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	311-314	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	191-216
30880223-3	2019	We sought to investigate the function of Rals in human platelets using the recently described Ral inhibitor, RBC8.	RBC8	109-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
31088913-8	2019	This work establishes that direct quantitation of the nucleotide-bound conformation is required to accurately determine an activation potential for any given GTPase, as small GTPases such as RAS-like proto-oncogene A (RALA) or the G12C mutant of KRAS display fast exchange kinetics but have a high affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	311-314	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	218-222
28628562-13	2018	CONCLUSIONS: This up-to-date meta-analysis confirms that RAL/S is a feasible and safe alternative to VAL/S for radical resection of lung cancer.	Sulfur	6-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	57-60
30768358-0	2019	RCC2, a regulator of the RalA signaling pathway, is identified as a novel therapeutic target in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer.	Cisplatin	96-105	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	25-29
29971922-8	2018	CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that, in a real-life setting, raltegravir can be used with a high virological success rate in treatment-experienced patients, and that the different combinations analysed (2NRTIs + RAL, bPI + RAL and others) show comparable rates of virological suppression.	Raltegravir Potassium	63-74	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	225-228
29863884-0	2018	Polymer Nanovesicle-Mediated Delivery of MLN8237 Preferentially Inhibits Aurora Kinase A To Target RalA and Anchorage-Independent Growth in Breast Cancer Cells.	Polymers	0-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	99-103
29863884-14	2018	These studies not only identify the polysaccharide nanovesicle to be an improved way to efficiently deliver low concentrations of MLN8237 to inhibit AURKA but, in doing so, also help reveal a role for AURKA and its crosstalk with RalA in anchorage-independent growth of MCF-7 cells.	Polysaccharides	36-50	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	230-234
30919354-2	2019	The activation of a variety of GPCRs leads to the translocation of Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) to the plasma membrane, where it functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of RalA to promote membrane blebbing.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	194-198
30500825-0	2018	De novo mutations in the GTP/GDP-binding region of RALA, a RAS-like small GTPase, cause intellectual disability and developmental delay.	Guanosine Triphosphate	25-28	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-55
30500825-0	2018	De novo mutations in the GTP/GDP-binding region of RALA, a RAS-like small GTPase, cause intellectual disability and developmental delay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-55
30500825-6	2018	Further, all de novo variants described here affect residues within the GTP/GDP-binding region of RALA; in fact, six alleles arose at only two codons, Val25 and Lys128.	Guanosine Triphosphate	72-75	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	98-102
30500825-6	2018	Further, all de novo variants described here affect residues within the GTP/GDP-binding region of RALA; in fact, six alleles arose at only two codons, Val25 and Lys128.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	98-102
30194281-5	2018	The phospholipase D-dependent activation of mTORC1 by glutamine depended on the GTPases ADP ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1), RalA, and Rheb.	Glutamine	54-63	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	122-126
29764514-8	2018	Five genes (BIRC5, CKS2, ITGA3, ITGA6 and RALA) in this pathway were significantly associated with survival time in patients with PDAC.	pdac	130-134	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	42-46
29532894-9	2018	To investigate the molecular mechanism involved in AQP3 redistribution in PC-3 cells, the level of cAMP in PC-3 cells was examined, and the results showed that AQP3 distribution was regulated through cAMP/PKA/RalA signal pathways.	Cyclic AMP	200-204	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	209-213
28139825-7	2017	Functional studies revealed that amino acid change p.Gly60Val impairs HRAS binding to effectors PIK3CA, phospholipase C1, and RAL guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	126-129
29770748-7	2018	After 8 weeks of RAL therapy, a reduction in FMD of -0.81% was seen, compared to +0.54% control (pairwise, p = 0.051), while fasting total cholesterol (-17% versus +10%; p &lt; 0.001), LDL cholesterol (-21% versus -3%; p = 0.026), and triglycerides (-41% versus +18%; p = 0.001) significantly decreased during RAL therapy compared to the control.	Cholesterol	139-150	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-20
29770748-7	2018	After 8 weeks of RAL therapy, a reduction in FMD of -0.81% was seen, compared to +0.54% control (pairwise, p = 0.051), while fasting total cholesterol (-17% versus +10%; p &lt; 0.001), LDL cholesterol (-21% versus -3%; p = 0.026), and triglycerides (-41% versus +18%; p = 0.001) significantly decreased during RAL therapy compared to the control.	Cholesterol	189-200	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-20
29770748-7	2018	After 8 weeks of RAL therapy, a reduction in FMD of -0.81% was seen, compared to +0.54% control (pairwise, p = 0.051), while fasting total cholesterol (-17% versus +10%; p &lt; 0.001), LDL cholesterol (-21% versus -3%; p = 0.026), and triglycerides (-41% versus +18%; p = 0.001) significantly decreased during RAL therapy compared to the control.	Triglycerides	235-248	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-20
29208460-6	2018	Moreover, using a series of RalA mutants impaired in the interaction with different downstream components (Sec5, Exo84, RalBP1) we demonstrated that the interaction of RalA with Sec5 is required for TNTs formation.	tnts	199-203	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	28-32
29208460-6	2018	Moreover, using a series of RalA mutants impaired in the interaction with different downstream components (Sec5, Exo84, RalBP1) we demonstrated that the interaction of RalA with Sec5 is required for TNTs formation.	tnts	199-203	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	168-172
29208460-7	2018	Furthermore, we found that RalGPS2 interacts with the transmembrane MHC class III protein leukocyte specific transcript 1 (LST1) and RalA, leading to the formation of a complex which promotes TNTs generation.	tnts	192-196	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	133-137
28770521-8	2017	Treating CaCo-2 cells with both free and SMA-Ral improved cell survival after exposure to 2% DDS with significantly higher protection with SMA-Ral.	Fumigant 93	93-96	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
28436620-6	2017	Strikingly, RALA mRNA nanocomplexes containing pseudouridine and 5-methylcytidine modified mRNA elicit potent cytolytic T cell responses against the antigenic mRNA cargo and show superior efficacy in doing so when compared to RALA mRNA nanocomplexes containing unmodified mRNA.	Pseudouridine	47-60	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	12-16
28436620-6	2017	Strikingly, RALA mRNA nanocomplexes containing pseudouridine and 5-methylcytidine modified mRNA elicit potent cytolytic T cell responses against the antigenic mRNA cargo and show superior efficacy in doing so when compared to RALA mRNA nanocomplexes containing unmodified mRNA.	5-methylcytidine	65-81	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	12-16
27629377-6	2016	Our results suggest that the membrane-associated M-Sec recruits active RalA, which directs the exocyst complex to form TNTs.	Trinitrotoluene	119-123	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	71-75
28744424-7	2017	From these findings, we infer that Ras activation not merely increases the cell-surface density of RalGDS, but actively stimulates the RalGDS-Ral interaction through a structural change in RalGDS and/or the accumulation of Ral, as well as the GTP-Ras/RalGDS clusters, to induce the full activation of Ral.	Guanosine Triphosphate	243-246	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	135-138
28744424-7	2017	From these findings, we infer that Ras activation not merely increases the cell-surface density of RalGDS, but actively stimulates the RalGDS-Ral interaction through a structural change in RalGDS and/or the accumulation of Ral, as well as the GTP-Ras/RalGDS clusters, to induce the full activation of Ral.	Guanosine Triphosphate	243-246	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	135-138
32263916-0	2017	RALA complexed alpha-TCP nanoparticle delivery to mesenchymal stem cells induces bone formation in tissue engineered constructs in vitro and in vivo.	alpha-tricalcium phosphate	15-24	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
32263916-3	2017	Therefore the overall objective of this study was to investigate the influence of alpha-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) nanoparticle delivery into MSCs using an amphipathic cell penetrating peptide RALA, on osteogenesis in vitro and both intramembranous and endochondral bone formation in vivo.	alpha-tricalcium phosphate	82-108	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	199-203
32263916-3	2017	Therefore the overall objective of this study was to investigate the influence of alpha-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) nanoparticle delivery into MSCs using an amphipathic cell penetrating peptide RALA, on osteogenesis in vitro and both intramembranous and endochondral bone formation in vivo.	alpha-tricalcium phosphate	110-119	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	199-203
32263916-4	2017	RALA complexed alpha-TCP nanoparticle delivery to MSCs resulted in an increased expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and an upregulation in a number of key osteogenic genes.	alpha-tricalcium phosphate	15-24	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
32263916-6	2017	Furthermore, the in vivo bone forming potential of RALA complexed alpha-TCP nanoparticle delivery to MSCs was found to be comparable to growth factor delivery.	alpha-tricalcium phosphate	66-75	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-55
32263916-8	2017	Despite accelerating mineralization of engineered cartilage templates in vitro, RALA complexed alpha-TCP nanoparticle delivery did not enhance endochondral bone formation in vivo.	alpha-tricalcium phosphate	95-104	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	80-84
32263916-9	2017	Therefore the potential of RALA complexed alpha-TCP nanoparticle delivery appears to be as an alternative to growth factor delivery as a single stage strategy for promoting bone generation.	alpha-tricalcium phosphate	42-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	27-31
28134057-3	2017	OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of raltegravir + ritonavir boosted lopinavir (RAL + LPV/r) to efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (EFV/TDF/FTC) on HIV kinetics and T cell dynamics.	Raltegravir Potassium	36-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	79-82
28134057-3	2017	OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of raltegravir + ritonavir boosted lopinavir (RAL + LPV/r) to efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (EFV/TDF/FTC) on HIV kinetics and T cell dynamics.	Ritonavir	50-59	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	79-82
28134057-3	2017	OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of raltegravir + ritonavir boosted lopinavir (RAL + LPV/r) to efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (EFV/TDF/FTC) on HIV kinetics and T cell dynamics.	Lopinavir	68-77	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	79-82
27773821-1	2016	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that promotes the active GTP-bound form of Ral GTPases, RalA and RalB.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
27773821-1	2016	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that promotes the active GTP-bound form of Ral GTPases, RalA and RalB.	Guanosine Triphosphate	72-75	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
27773821-2	2016	GTP-bound Ras has the capacity to activate Ral GTPases at least in part by binding to the C-terminal Ras-binding domain (RBD) of RalGDS and directing the protein to Ral GTPases in the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Triphosphate	0-3	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	43-46
27773821-2	2016	GTP-bound Ras has the capacity to activate Ral GTPases at least in part by binding to the C-terminal Ras-binding domain (RBD) of RalGDS and directing the protein to Ral GTPases in the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Triphosphate	0-3	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	129-132
27846370-7	2017	Additionally, complexation of DNA to a cationic delivery peptide, RALA, prior to incorporation into the dissolvable matrix was explored as a means to improve transfection efficacies following release from the polymer matrix.	Polymers	209-216	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	66-70
27510034-0	2016	Phosphatidic Acid Produced by RalA-activated PLD2 Stimulates Caveolae-mediated Endocytosis and Trafficking in Endothelial Cells.	Phosphatidic Acids	0-17	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	30-34
27510034-7	2016	PLD2 was shown to be activated by RalA, and inhibition of PLD2 abolished Alexa-488-BSA uptake, indicating that phosphatidic acid (PA) generated by PLD2 may facilitate caveolae-mediated endocytosis.	Phosphatidic Acids	111-128	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	34-38
27510034-7	2016	PLD2 was shown to be activated by RalA, and inhibition of PLD2 abolished Alexa-488-BSA uptake, indicating that phosphatidic acid (PA) generated by PLD2 may facilitate caveolae-mediated endocytosis.	Phosphatidic Acids	130-132	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	34-38
27510034-10	2016	Thus, our results suggest that the small GTPase RalA plays an important role in promoting invagination and trafficking of caveolae, not by potentiating the association between Cav-1 and FilA but by stimulating PLD2-mediated generation of phosphatidic acid.	Phosphatidic Acids	238-255	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	48-52
26967392-7	2016	RBC8, a selective Ral inhibitor, enhanced the inhibitory effects of IM in K562, KCL22 and BaF3-P210 cells.	RBC8	0-4	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	18-21
27149377-1	2016	The human genome contains six genes coding for proteins validated in vitro as specific activators of the small GTPases "Ras-related protein Ral-A" and "Ras-related protein Ral-B", generically named Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	202-220	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	140-178
27149377-1	2016	The human genome contains six genes coding for proteins validated in vitro as specific activators of the small GTPases "Ras-related protein Ral-A" and "Ras-related protein Ral-B", generically named Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	202-220	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	140-143
26954700-6	2016	Incubation of RALA with alendronate, etidronate, risedronate, or zoledronate provoked spontaneous electrostatic formation of cationic nanoparticles that did not exceed 100 nm in diameter and that were stable over a range of temperatures and for up to 6 h. The nanoparticles demonstrated a pH responsiveness, possibly indicative of a conformational change, that could facilitate release of the BP cargo in the endosomal environment.	Alendronate	24-35	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-18
26954700-6	2016	Incubation of RALA with alendronate, etidronate, risedronate, or zoledronate provoked spontaneous electrostatic formation of cationic nanoparticles that did not exceed 100 nm in diameter and that were stable over a range of temperatures and for up to 6 h. The nanoparticles demonstrated a pH responsiveness, possibly indicative of a conformational change, that could facilitate release of the BP cargo in the endosomal environment.	Etidronic Acid	37-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-18
26954700-6	2016	Incubation of RALA with alendronate, etidronate, risedronate, or zoledronate provoked spontaneous electrostatic formation of cationic nanoparticles that did not exceed 100 nm in diameter and that were stable over a range of temperatures and for up to 6 h. The nanoparticles demonstrated a pH responsiveness, possibly indicative of a conformational change, that could facilitate release of the BP cargo in the endosomal environment.	Risedronic Acid	49-60	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-18
26954700-6	2016	Incubation of RALA with alendronate, etidronate, risedronate, or zoledronate provoked spontaneous electrostatic formation of cationic nanoparticles that did not exceed 100 nm in diameter and that were stable over a range of temperatures and for up to 6 h. The nanoparticles demonstrated a pH responsiveness, possibly indicative of a conformational change, that could facilitate release of the BP cargo in the endosomal environment.	Zoledronic Acid	65-76	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-18
26954700-6	2016	Incubation of RALA with alendronate, etidronate, risedronate, or zoledronate provoked spontaneous electrostatic formation of cationic nanoparticles that did not exceed 100 nm in diameter and that were stable over a range of temperatures and for up to 6 h. The nanoparticles demonstrated a pH responsiveness, possibly indicative of a conformational change, that could facilitate release of the BP cargo in the endosomal environment.	Diphosphonates	393-395	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-18
26954700-8	2016	Moreover, RALA complexation potentiated the tumor growth delay activity of alendronate in a PC3 xenograft model of prostate cancer.	Alendronate	75-86	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	10-14
27334922-6	2016	We have used our structure of a Ral-effector complex as a basis for the design and characterization of alpha-helical-stapled peptides that bind selectively to active, GTP-bound Ral proteins and that compete with downstream effector proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	167-170	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	32-35
27334922-6	2016	We have used our structure of a Ral-effector complex as a basis for the design and characterization of alpha-helical-stapled peptides that bind selectively to active, GTP-bound Ral proteins and that compete with downstream effector proteins.	Guanosine Triphosphate	167-170	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	177-180
26954700-0	2016	Potentiating the Anticancer Properties of Bisphosphonates by Nanocomplexation with the Cationic Amphipathic Peptide, RALA.	Diphosphonates	42-57	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	117-121
26954700-5	2016	We hypothesized that complexation with RALA could similarly be used to conceal a BP"s hydroxyapatite affinity, and to enhance bioavailability, thereby improving anticancer efficacy.	bp"s hydroxyapatite	81-100	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	39-43
25743024-1	2015	The mode of lysozyme protein adsorption at end-tethered thiol-terminated polyethylene oxide brushes grafted upon gold was determined in situ by neutron reflectivity using the INTER instrument at target station 2, ISIS, RAL, UK.	Sulfhydryl Compounds	56-61	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	219-222
26883753-3	2016	In this study we present a novel two tier platform; i) a peptide delivery system, termed RALA, that is able to wrap the DNA into nanoparticles, protect the DNA from degradation, enter cells, disrupt endosomes and deliver the DNA to the nucleus of cells ii) a microneedle (MN) patch that will house the nanoparticles within the polymer matrix, breach the skin"s stratum corneum barrier and dissolve upon contact with skin interstitial fluid thus releasing the nanoparticles into the skin.	Polymers	327-334	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	89-93
26883753-4	2016	Our data demonstrates that the RALA is essential for preventing DNA degradation within the poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) polymer matrix.	poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (pvp) polymer	91-127	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	31-35
26962698-1	2016	The retinoid (visual) cycle is a complex enzymatic pathway that operates in the retina for the regeneration of 11-cis-retinal (11-cis-Ral), the inherent visual chromophore indispensable for vision.	Retinoids	4-12	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	134-137
26648722-2	2015	The cationic cell-penetrating peptide RALA was used to condense DNA into nanoparticles that were encapsulated within a range of PLA-PEG copolymers.	pla-peg copolymers	128-146	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	38-42
26158537-4	2015	TD-60 or RalA depletion causes spindle abnormalities in prometaphase associated with abnormal centromeric accumulation of CPC components.	cpc	122-125	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	9-13
26158537-6	2015	Importantly, several mitotic phenotypes caused by TD-60 depletion are reverted by the expression of a GTP-locked mutant, RalA (Q72L).	Guanosine Triphosphate	102-105	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	121-125
26687416-0	2016	The structure of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Rlf in complex with the small G-protein Ral identifies conformational intermediates of the exchange reaction and the basis for the selectivity.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	96-99
26477566-3	2016	Among various small G proteins tested, GTP-bound form (G23V) of RalA inhibited the internalization of dopamine D2 receptor independently of the previously reported downstream effectors of RalA, such as Ral-binding protein 1 and PLD.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	64-68
26477566-5	2016	When it was tested for several GPCRs including an endogenous GPCR, lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1, agonist-induced conversion of GTP-bound to GDP-bound RalA, which presumably releases the sequestered GRK2, was observed selectively with the GPCRs which have tendency to undergo endocytosis.	Guanosine Triphosphate	131-134	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	154-158
26477566-5	2016	When it was tested for several GPCRs including an endogenous GPCR, lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1, agonist-induced conversion of GTP-bound to GDP-bound RalA, which presumably releases the sequestered GRK2, was observed selectively with the GPCRs which have tendency to undergo endocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	154-158
26477566-7	2016	These results suggest that agonist-induced Gbetagamma-mediated conversion of RalA from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form could be a mechanism to facilitate agonist-induced internalization of GPCRs.	gbetagamma	43-53	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-81
26477566-7	2016	These results suggest that agonist-induced Gbetagamma-mediated conversion of RalA from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form could be a mechanism to facilitate agonist-induced internalization of GPCRs.	Guanosine Triphosphate	91-94	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-81
26477566-7	2016	These results suggest that agonist-induced Gbetagamma-mediated conversion of RalA from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form could be a mechanism to facilitate agonist-induced internalization of GPCRs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-81
26867304-3	2015	We describe one case of bilate- ral acute iris transillumination, following the use of systemic moxifloxacin.	Moxifloxacin	96-108	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	32-35
26554155-6	2015	The delivery of miR-181a specifically inhibited the growth of CML CD34+ cells, possibly via the inhibition of RALA.	mir-181a	16-24	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	110-114
26216878-4	2015	However, the role of posttranslational modifications signaled by the hypervariable region carboxyl-terminal tetrapeptide CAAX motif (C = cysteine, A = aliphatic amino acid, X = terminal residue) in Ral isoform-selective functions has not been addressed.	Cysteine	137-145	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	198-201
26425463-2	2015	These isoprenoid intermediates are required for activation of various intracellular/signaling proteins- small guanosine triphosphate bound protein Ras and Ras-like proteins like Rho, Rab, Rac, Ral, or Rap which plays an indispensible role in multiple cellular processes.	Terpenes	6-16	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	193-196
26425463-2	2015	These isoprenoid intermediates are required for activation of various intracellular/signaling proteins- small guanosine triphosphate bound protein Ras and Ras-like proteins like Rho, Rab, Rac, Ral, or Rap which plays an indispensible role in multiple cellular processes.	Guanosine Triphosphate	110-132	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	193-196
26033452-3	2015	Knocking-down RALA expression strongly diminished the active GTP-bound form of the protein.	Guanosine Triphosphate	61-64	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	14-18
25213293-1	2015	RLIP76, a multidomain protein which is a downstream effector of the small GTP ases RalA and RalB, is known to play a role in biological activities in a variety of malignant cancer cells.	Guanosine Triphosphate	74-77	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	83-87
26280620-3	2015	These compounds are non-competitive inhibitors that bind to the allosteric site of GDP-bound RAL.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	93-96
25598834-2	2015	RAL should be double-dosed to 800 mg semi-daily in situation of rifampicin co-medication, because RAL is more rapidly metabolized due to rifampicin-induced Uridine-5"-diphosph- gluronosyl-transferase (UGT1A1).	Rifampin	64-74	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
25598834-2	2015	RAL should be double-dosed to 800 mg semi-daily in situation of rifampicin co-medication, because RAL is more rapidly metabolized due to rifampicin-induced Uridine-5"-diphosph- gluronosyl-transferase (UGT1A1).	Rifampin	137-147	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
25598834-2	2015	RAL should be double-dosed to 800 mg semi-daily in situation of rifampicin co-medication, because RAL is more rapidly metabolized due to rifampicin-induced Uridine-5"-diphosph- gluronosyl-transferase (UGT1A1).	Rifampin	137-147	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	98-101
25598834-3	2015	Recently, it was speculated that chewed RAL might lead to increased absorption, which might compensate the inductive effect of rifampicin-rapid metabolized RAL, as part of cost-saving effects in countries with high-tuberculosis prevalence and less economic power.	Rifampin	127-137	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	156-159
25219851-3	2014	Here we used protein structure analysis and virtual screening to identify drug-like molecules that bind to a site on the GDP-bound form of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	139-142
25394148-2	2014	The spectrum of applicable antiretrovirals is small, therefore many patients were switched to raltegravir/truvada (RAL/TVD) in our cohort.	Raltegravir Potassium	94-105	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	115-118
25394148-2	2014	The spectrum of applicable antiretrovirals is small, therefore many patients were switched to raltegravir/truvada (RAL/TVD) in our cohort.	Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Combination	106-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	115-118
25397494-1	2014	INTRODUCTION: The most recently approved antiretroviral, the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir (DTG), is described to be a very potent drug with a unique resistance profile, but a certain degree of cross-resistance to RAL or EVG induced drug resistance, which is mediated mainly by integrase mutations at positions 140 and 148.	dolutegravir	81-93	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	217-220
25397494-1	2014	INTRODUCTION: The most recently approved antiretroviral, the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir (DTG), is described to be a very potent drug with a unique resistance profile, but a certain degree of cross-resistance to RAL or EVG induced drug resistance, which is mediated mainly by integrase mutations at positions 140 and 148.	dolutegravir	95-98	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	217-220
25367937-1	2014	Small molecules that selectively bind RAL-GDP inhibit RAL activity and suppress tumor growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	38-41
25169936-3	2014	APPROACH AND RESULTS: In addition to conventional markers, GTP-bound levels of Rap1, RhoA, RalA, Rac1, and Ras in platelets, which are implicated for platelet activation, were measured in patients without pulmonary hypertension (non-PH, n=15), patients with PAH (n=19), and patients with CTEPH (n=25).	Guanosine Triphosphate	59-62	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	91-95
25431955-1	2014	The Ral (Ras-like) GTP-binding proteins (RalA and RalB), as effectors of the proto-oncogene Natural killer (NK) cells are an important component of the anti-tumor response.	Guanosine Triphosphate	19-22	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	4-7
25367937-1	2014	Small molecules that selectively bind RAL-GDP inhibit RAL activity and suppress tumor growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	54-57
25127074-6	2014	These results were compared to an identical study that was previously conducted on nine nitrile probes on the RBD of Ral guanidine dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) to make comparisons between the docked complexes formed when either of the two effectors bind to WT Ras.	Nitriles	88-95	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	117-120
25196650-1	2014	Monovalent RAl (R=HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2) reacts with E2Et4 (E=Sb, Bi) with insertion into the weak E-E bond and subsequent formation of RAl(EEt2)2 (E=Sb 1; Bi 2).	hc[c(me)n(2,6-ipr2c6h3)]2	18-43	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	11-14
25196650-1	2014	Monovalent RAl (R=HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2) reacts with E2Et4 (E=Sb, Bi) with insertion into the weak E-E bond and subsequent formation of RAl(EEt2)2 (E=Sb 1; Bi 2).	hc[c(me)n(2,6-ipr2c6h3)]2	18-43	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	140-143
25196650-1	2014	Monovalent RAl (R=HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2) reacts with E2Et4 (E=Sb, Bi) with insertion into the weak E-E bond and subsequent formation of RAl(EEt2)2 (E=Sb 1; Bi 2).	e2et4	57-62	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	11-14
25196650-1	2014	Monovalent RAl (R=HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2) reacts with E2Et4 (E=Sb, Bi) with insertion into the weak E-E bond and subsequent formation of RAl(EEt2)2 (E=Sb 1; Bi 2).	e2et4	57-62	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	140-143
25196650-1	2014	Monovalent RAl (R=HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2) reacts with E2Et4 (E=Sb, Bi) with insertion into the weak E-E bond and subsequent formation of RAl(EEt2)2 (E=Sb 1; Bi 2).	Antimony	66-68	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	11-14
25127074-6	2014	These results were compared to an identical study that was previously conducted on nine nitrile probes on the RBD of Ral guanidine dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) to make comparisons between the docked complexes formed when either of the two effectors bind to WT Ras.	Guanidine	121-130	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	117-120
24962318-3	2014	The major downstream effectors of RAS are RAFs (ARAF, BRAF, and CRAF), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and the Ral guanine exchange factors (RalGEF).	Guanine	117-124	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	113-116
25265076-9	2014	RAL-treated individuals showed significantly lower P-selectin expression to stimulation with low (P = 0.026 vs. NNRTI and P = 0.005 vs. protease inhibitor group) and high-dose ADP (P = 0.009 vs. NNRTI and P = 0.003 vs. protease inhibitor group).	Adenosine Diphosphate	176-179	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
25103239-0	2014	A Rab10:RalA G protein cascade regulates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes.	Glucose	60-67	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	8-12
25103239-4	2014	Once activated, Rab10 can increase the GTP binding of RalA by recruiting the Ral guanyl nucleotide exchange factor, Rlf/Rgl2.	Guanosine Triphosphate	39-42	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	54-58
25103239-5	2014	Rab10 and RalA reside in the same pool of Glut4-storage vesicles in untreated cells, and, together with Rlf, they ensure maximal glucose transport.	Glucose	129-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	10-14
24222664-3	2014	We sought to evaluate the AAK-selective inhibitor MLN8237 as a potential indirect anti-RalA-targeted therapy for PDAC.	MLN 8237	50-57	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	87-91
24450627-7	2014	This is the location of one of the two ATP-binding sites that have been identified in RLIP76 and suggests that Ral interaction would not prevent ATP binding.	Adenosine Triphosphate	39-42	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	111-114
24389431-8	2013	Overall, growth of NSCLC cell lines that carry a glycine to cystine KRAS mutation were more sensitive to RAL depletion than those with wild-type KRAS.	Glycine	49-56	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	105-108
24389431-8	2013	Overall, growth of NSCLC cell lines that carry a glycine to cystine KRAS mutation were more sensitive to RAL depletion than those with wild-type KRAS.	Cystine	60-67	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	105-108
24389431-11	2013	Simultaneously targeting RAL may provide a novel therapeutic approach in NSCLC patients harboring glycine to cystine KRAS mutations.	Glycine	98-105	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	25-28
23335589-7	2013	Indeed, we identified strongly augmented active HRAS(E63_D69dup) that co-precipitated with effectors RAF1, RAL guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator and phospholipase C1.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	107-110
23929665-2	2013	As part of our continuing efforts in the exploration of the therapeutic potential of resorcylic acid lactones (RALs), we report herein the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of conveniently accessible RAL enamide analogues as novel covalent inhibitors of MAP kinase interacting kinases (MNKs).	resorcylic acid lactones	85-109	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	111-114
23929665-2	2013	As part of our continuing efforts in the exploration of the therapeutic potential of resorcylic acid lactones (RALs), we report herein the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of conveniently accessible RAL enamide analogues as novel covalent inhibitors of MAP kinase interacting kinases (MNKs).	(E)-3-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylhept-4-enamide	215-222	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	111-114
23929665-3	2013	In this study, we have successfully demonstrated that the covalent binding ability of RAL enamides can be tuned by attaching an electron-withdrawing motif, such as an acyl group, to enhance its reactivity toward the cysteine residues at the MNK1/2 binding sites.	Cysteine	216-224	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	86-89
23929665-6	2013	Cancer cell line assays have identified RAL enamides that inhibit the growth of cancer cells with similar potency to the natural product L-783,277.	l-783	137-142	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	40-43
23771025-1	2013	Electrostatic fields at the interface of the GTPase H-Ras (Ras) docked with the Ras binding domain of the protein Ral guanine nucleoside dissociation stimulator (Ral) were measured with vibrational Stark effect (VSE) spectroscopy.	guanine nucleoside	118-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	114-117
23771025-1	2013	Electrostatic fields at the interface of the GTPase H-Ras (Ras) docked with the Ras binding domain of the protein Ral guanine nucleoside dissociation stimulator (Ral) were measured with vibrational Stark effect (VSE) spectroscopy.	guanine nucleoside	118-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	162-165
23771025-3	2013	The absorption energy of the nitrile was measured both on the surface of Ras in its monomeric state, then after incubation with the Ras binding domain of Ral to form the docked complex.	Nitriles	29-36	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	154-157
23771025-7	2013	Changes in the absorption energy of the nitrile probe at nine positions along the Ras-Ral interface were compared to results of a previous study examining this interface with Ral-based probes, and found a pattern of low electrostatic field in the core of the interface surrounded by a ring of high electrostatic field around the perimeter of the interface.	Nitriles	40-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	86-89
22580611-0	2013	PGE2 promotes renal carcinoma cell invasion through activated RalA.	Dinoprostone	0-4	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	62-66
22580611-3	2013	The PGE2 increases SN12C cell invasion through a signal pathway that encompasses EP2 and EP4, Akt, small GTPase RalA and Ral GTP inactivator RGC2.	Dinoprostone	4-8	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	112-116
22982396-1	2012	It is well established that the small GTPase Ras promotes tumor initiation by activating at least three different mediators: Raf, PI3K, and Ras-like (Ral) guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	150-153
23041201-1	2012	The objective of this investigation was to develop a thermosensitive vaginal gel containing raltegravir+efavirenz loaded PLGA nanoparticles (RAL+EFV-NPs) for pre-exposure prophylaxis of HIV.	Raltegravir Potassium	92-103	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	141-144
23041201-5	2012	Thermosensitive vaginal gel containing RAL+EFV-NPs was successfully prepared using a combination of Pluronic F127 (20% w/v) and Pluronic F68 (1% w/v).	Poloxamer	100-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	39-42
23041201-5	2012	Thermosensitive vaginal gel containing RAL+EFV-NPs was successfully prepared using a combination of Pluronic F127 (20% w/v) and Pluronic F68 (1% w/v).	Poloxamer	128-140	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	39-42
22450745-3	2013	This protein is activated by Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs) and inactivated by Ral GTPase-activating proteins (RalGAPs), the latter of which consist of heterodimers containing a catalytic alpha1 or alpha2 subunit and a common beta subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	29-32
22450745-3	2013	This protein is activated by Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs) and inactivated by Ral GTPase-activating proteins (RalGAPs), the latter of which consist of heterodimers containing a catalytic alpha1 or alpha2 subunit and a common beta subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	70-73
23080489-8	2012	The genotypic sensitivity score (GSS) was analyzed for all patients of Group 2 and both patients who developed resistance to raltegravir presented a GSS &lt; 2.0 for the RAL-containing scheme, which could be associated to the lack of effectiveness of the proposed scheme.	Raltegravir Potassium	125-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	170-173
23080489-8	2012	The genotypic sensitivity score (GSS) was analyzed for all patients of Group 2 and both patients who developed resistance to raltegravir presented a GSS &lt; 2.0 for the RAL-containing scheme, which could be associated to the lack of effectiveness of the proposed scheme.	gss	33-36	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	170-173
23080489-9	2012	The present study describes, for the first time in Brazil, the close follow-up of a series of patients using a raltegravir-containing HAART, showing the safety of the enfuvirtide switch to RAL and the effectiveness of a therapeutic regimen with RAL in promoting immune reconstitution and suppressing HIV replication, as well as documenting the occurrence of resistance to integrase inhibitors in the country.	Raltegravir Potassium	111-122	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	189-192
23080489-9	2012	The present study describes, for the first time in Brazil, the close follow-up of a series of patients using a raltegravir-containing HAART, showing the safety of the enfuvirtide switch to RAL and the effectiveness of a therapeutic regimen with RAL in promoting immune reconstitution and suppressing HIV replication, as well as documenting the occurrence of resistance to integrase inhibitors in the country.	Raltegravir Potassium	111-122	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	245-248
22511766-2	2012	We have previously shown that cAMP-mediated WPB release is dependent on protein kinase A (PKA) and involves activation of the small GTPase RalA.	Cyclic AMP	30-34	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	139-143
22428905-1	2012	Accumulation of all-trans-retinal (all-trans-RAL), reactive vitamin A aldehyde, is one of the key factors in initiating retinal photodamage.	Retinaldehyde	60-78	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
22428905-3	2012	Photoactivated rhodopsin releases all-trans-RAL, which is subsequently transported by ATP-binding cassette transporter 4 and reduced to all-trans-retinol by all-trans-retinol dehydrogenases located in photoreceptor cells.	Vitamin A	136-153	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	44-47
22428905-4	2012	Any interruptions in the clearing of all-trans-RAL in the photoreceptors can cause an accumulation of this reactive aldehyde and its toxic condensation products.	Aldehydes	116-124	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	47-50
22738401-1	2012	The human protein Rap1A (Rap) is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases that binds to the downstream effector Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	114-117
22700969-7	2012	This study suggests the existence of an ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination cycle superimposed on the GDP/GTP cycle of RalA, involved in the regulation of RalA activity as well as in membrane raft trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	116-120
22700969-7	2012	This study suggests the existence of an ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination cycle superimposed on the GDP/GTP cycle of RalA, involved in the regulation of RalA activity as well as in membrane raft trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	152-156
22700969-7	2012	This study suggests the existence of an ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination cycle superimposed on the GDP/GTP cycle of RalA, involved in the regulation of RalA activity as well as in membrane raft trafficking.	Guanosine Triphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	116-120
22700969-7	2012	This study suggests the existence of an ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination cycle superimposed on the GDP/GTP cycle of RalA, involved in the regulation of RalA activity as well as in membrane raft trafficking.	Guanosine Triphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	152-156
22385209-4	2012	We mutated this glutamine to every amino acid except cysteine and proline and then incubated these mutants with a Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (Ral) containing the I18C mutation that was chemically labeled with a thiocyanate vibrational spectroscopic probe.	Glutamine	16-25	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	114-117
22564967-11	2012	Changing of RAL-containing regimen upon the identification of F121Y might avoid the evolution of raltegravir resistance.	Raltegravir Potassium	97-108	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	12-15
23019940-7	2012	CONCLUSION: CZG could lengthen the sustained remission time for RAL patients, elevate their survival time, and reduce the relapse rate and the mortality rate.	CHEMBL4441783	12-15	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	64-67
22330069-0	2012	Inhibition of small GTPase RalA regulates growth and arsenic-induced apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells.	Arsenic	53-60	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	27-31
22330069-5	2012	The results showed that siRNA RalA effectively inhibited cell viability, induced apoptosis and enhanced sensitivity of arsenic trioxide (ATO), and there are some synergistic effects of anti-CML between RalA siRNA and ATO.	Arsenic Trioxide	119-135	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	30-34
22330069-5	2012	The results showed that siRNA RalA effectively inhibited cell viability, induced apoptosis and enhanced sensitivity of arsenic trioxide (ATO), and there are some synergistic effects of anti-CML between RalA siRNA and ATO.	Arsenic Trioxide	137-140	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	30-34
22330069-5	2012	The results showed that siRNA RalA effectively inhibited cell viability, induced apoptosis and enhanced sensitivity of arsenic trioxide (ATO), and there are some synergistic effects of anti-CML between RalA siRNA and ATO.	Arsenic Trioxide	217-220	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	30-34
22385209-4	2012	We mutated this glutamine to every amino acid except cysteine and proline and then incubated these mutants with a Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (Ral) containing the I18C mutation that was chemically labeled with a thiocyanate vibrational spectroscopic probe.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	114-117
22385209-4	2012	We mutated this glutamine to every amino acid except cysteine and proline and then incubated these mutants with a Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (Ral) containing the I18C mutation that was chemically labeled with a thiocyanate vibrational spectroscopic probe.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	162-165
23226417-3	2012	ERp57 bound specifically to the GDP-bound form of RalA, but not the GTP-bound form, and inhibited the dissociation of GDP from RalA in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	50-54
22240970-3	2012	For example, while Rheb binds to and activates TOR directly, Rag and Rac1 regulate its localization and RalA activates it indirectly through the production of phosphatidic acid.	Phosphatidic Acids	159-176	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	104-108
23226417-3	2012	ERp57 bound specifically to the GDP-bound form of RalA, but not the GTP-bound form, and inhibited the dissociation of GDP from RalA in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	127-131
23226417-5	2012	Mutation of all four of ERp57"s active site cysteine residues blocked sensitivity to reducing agents, suggesting that redox-dependent conformational changes in ERp57 affect binding to RalA.	Cysteine	44-52	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	184-188
23226417-6	2012	Mutations in the switch II region of the GTPase domain of RalA specifically reduced or abolished binding to ERp57, but did not block GTP-specific binding to known RalA effectors, the exocyst and RalBP1.	Guanosine Triphosphate	41-44	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	58-62
23226417-7	2012	Oxidative treatment of A431 cells with H(2)O(2) inhibited cellular RalA activity, and the effect was exacerbated by expression of recombinant ERp57.	Hydrogen Peroxide	39-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	67-71
23226417-9	2012	These findings suggest that ERp57 regulates RalA signalling by acting as a redox-sensitive guanine-nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RalGDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	44-48
21441953-5	2011	Moreover, in vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays confirm that hRgr promotes Ral and Ras activation through GDP dissociation, which is a critical characteristic of GEF proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	81-84
22442671-9	2012	overexpression of miR-181a effectively suppresses cell growth and induces G2-phase arrest and apoptosis partially by targeting RalA in leukemic K562 cells.	mir-181a	18-26	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	127-131
21748802-1	2011	Using molecular dynamics simulations, we explore geometric and physical factors contributing to calculated electrostatic fields at the binding surface of the GTPase Ras with a spectroscopically labeled variant of a downstream effector, the Ras-binding domain of Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	266-284	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	262-265
21441953-5	2011	Moreover, in vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays confirm that hRgr promotes Ral and Ras activation through GDP dissociation, which is a critical characteristic of GEF proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	81-84
21822277-6	2011	Specifically, the mitotic kinase Aurora A phosphorylates Ser 194 of RALA, relocalizing it to the mitochondria, where it concentrates RALBP1 and DRP1.	Serine	57-60	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	68-72
21822277-8	2011	Disrupting either RALA or RALBP1 leads to a loss of mitochondrial fission at mitosis, improper segregation of mitochondria during cytokinesis and a decrease in ATP levels and cell number.	Adenosine Triphosphate	160-163	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	18-22
21622984-6	2011	Amino acid- and glucose-induced PLD and mTORC1 activity were also dependent on the GTPases RalA and ARF6 and the type III phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase hVps34.	Glucose	16-23	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	91-95
21654196-2	2011	During insulin-stimulated glucose transport, activation of the vesicular-localized small GTPase RalA leads to its engagement with the vesicle tethering exocyst complex, mediating the plasma membrane targeting of Glut4 vesicles.	Glucose	26-33	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	96-100