PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	comp_official_name	comp_offset	protein_name	organism	prot_offset
34984104-5	2022	The isolates were screened for ESBL production by the double-disk synergy test using Ceftazidime (30 mug) and Cefotaxime (30 mug) disks and confirmed by combined disk diffusion test using Clavulanic acid.	Ceftazidime	85-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
34984104-5	2022	The isolates were screened for ESBL production by the double-disk synergy test using Ceftazidime (30 mug) and Cefotaxime (30 mug) disks and confirmed by combined disk diffusion test using Clavulanic acid.	Cefotaxime	110-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
34348852-0	2021	Retrospective evaluation of appropriate dosing of cefmetazole for invasive urinary tract infection due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli.	Cefmetazole	50-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-138
34804597-0	2021	Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Urinary Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli to Fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	95-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-74
34804597-2	2021	We aimed to determine the susceptibility profile of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli isolated from the urinary samples to fosfomycin and other antibiotics.	Fosfomycin	147-157	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-84
34522918-1	2021	The widespread dissemination of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in the Enterobacterales through the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is considered a critical global crisis requiring urgent attention of clinicians and scientists alike.	Cephalosporins	63-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	128-160
34853981-0	2021	Cefmetazole as an Alternative to Carbapenems Against Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Infections Based on In Vitro and In Vivo Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Experiments.	Cefmetazole	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	53-85
34853981-0	2021	Cefmetazole as an Alternative to Carbapenems Against Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Infections Based on In Vitro and In Vivo Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Experiments.	Carbapenems	33-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	53-85
34853981-1	2021	PURPOSE: Cefmetazole (CMZ) has received attention as a pharmaceutical intervention for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) infections.	Cefmetazole	9-20	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-119
34853981-1	2021	PURPOSE: Cefmetazole (CMZ) has received attention as a pharmaceutical intervention for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) infections.	Cefmetazole	22-25	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-119
34494875-15	2021	In Lebanon, inappropriate use of antibiotics is frequent in chickens for prophylactic reasons and to improve productivity, resulting in an alarming prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli, also resistant to other medically important antibiotics (i.e., colistin and ciprofloxacin).	Ciprofloxacin	311-324	EsbL	Escherichia coli	162-194
34827221-2	2021	The production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC and carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) is one such mechanism that currently poses a significant threat to the continuity of first-line and last-line beta-lactam agents, where multi-drug-resistant GNB currently warrant a pandemic on their own merit.	beta-Lactams	225-236	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-50
34680831-8	2021	ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli expressing blaCMY were significantly more resistant to cefoxitin, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, highlighting its negative effects.	Cefoxitin	83-92	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
34680831-8	2021	ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli expressing blaCMY were significantly more resistant to cefoxitin, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, highlighting its negative effects.	cefotaxime/clavulanic acid	94-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
34680831-8	2021	ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli expressing blaCMY were significantly more resistant to cefoxitin, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, highlighting its negative effects.	ceftazidime/clavulanic acid	125-152	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
34827221-2	2021	The production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC and carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) is one such mechanism that currently poses a significant threat to the continuity of first-line and last-line beta-lactam agents, where multi-drug-resistant GNB currently warrant a pandemic on their own merit.	-negative	90-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-50
34567187-1	2021	Background & Objective: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a leading cause of urinary tract infections becoming resistant against beta-lactams and cephalosporins through different mechanisms, including ESBL production due to the presence of ESBL specific genes, including blaCTX-M and blaTEM.	beta-Lactams	125-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	197-201
34671324-4	2021	In this study, we investigated the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from produce and irrigation water across 17 provinces of Ecuador.	Water	153-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	49-81
34567187-1	2021	Background & Objective: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a leading cause of urinary tract infections becoming resistant against beta-lactams and cephalosporins through different mechanisms, including ESBL production due to the presence of ESBL specific genes, including blaCTX-M and blaTEM.	beta-Lactams	125-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	236-240
34567187-1	2021	Background & Objective: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a leading cause of urinary tract infections becoming resistant against beta-lactams and cephalosporins through different mechanisms, including ESBL production due to the presence of ESBL specific genes, including blaCTX-M and blaTEM.	Cephalosporins	142-156	EsbL	Escherichia coli	197-201
34567187-1	2021	Background & Objective: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a leading cause of urinary tract infections becoming resistant against beta-lactams and cephalosporins through different mechanisms, including ESBL production due to the presence of ESBL specific genes, including blaCTX-M and blaTEM.	Cephalosporins	142-156	EsbL	Escherichia coli	236-240
34567187-8	2021	In DDT test, 21 ESBL positive cases (21%) were detected.	DDT	3-6	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
34562855-4	2022	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the presence of cephalosporin antibiotics on the VOC profile of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and non-ESBL producing strains of Escherichia coli.	Cephalosporins	71-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	119-151
34666660-6	2021	In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the utility of disk diffusion, agar dilution kit and automated MicroScan methods (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, ABD) for fosfomycin susceptibility of ESBL-producing enteric bacteria.	Fosfomycin	158-168	EsbL	Escherichia coli	187-191
34666660-17	2021	As a result; fosfomycin is thought to be an alternative drug option in the treatment of infections caused by especially carbapenem and colistin resistant bacteria, with its high activity on ESBL-producing enteric bacteria.	Fosfomycin	13-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	190-194
34632041-6	2021	On the other hand, the average concentration of E. coli in the water samples was 2.0 x 108 CFU/100 mL, and the ratio of ESBL-producing E. coli was 12.8% of total E. coli.	Water	63-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
34428264-1	2021	Despite the fact that cephalosporins are rarely used in medical or veterinary treatment, the presence of Enterobacterales strains resistant to this group of anti-bacterial drugs (ESBL) is an important issue that requires attention.	Cephalosporins	22-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	179-183
34576822-1	2021	Resistance of bacteria to 3rd generation cephalosporins mediated by beta-lactamases (ESBL, pAmpC) is a public health concern.	Cephalosporins	41-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	85-89
34428264-3	2021	Out of 40 water samples, characteristic growth (E. coli and the KESC group) on Chromagar ESBL plates was observed for 33 samples.	Water	10-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	89-93
34428264-6	2021	The E. coli ESBL isolates not only showed resistance to third generation cephalosporins but also to antibiotics from other groups, such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and sulfonamides.	Cephalosporins	73-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
34428264-6	2021	The E. coli ESBL isolates not only showed resistance to third generation cephalosporins but also to antibiotics from other groups, such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and sulfonamides.	Fluoroquinolones	139-155	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
34428264-6	2021	The E. coli ESBL isolates not only showed resistance to third generation cephalosporins but also to antibiotics from other groups, such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and sulfonamides.	Aminoglycosides	157-172	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
34428264-6	2021	The E. coli ESBL isolates not only showed resistance to third generation cephalosporins but also to antibiotics from other groups, such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and sulfonamides.	Sulfonamides	177-189	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
34428264-7	2021	The S. fonticola ESBL isolates were also found to be mainly resistant to the third generation cephalosporins, with the exception of 5 imipenem and 2 ertapenem-resistant strains.	Cephalosporins	94-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
34428264-10	2021	We confirmed the presence of highly diverse ESBL strains with multiple drug resistance patterns in the Tricity water reservoirs.	Water	111-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
34490146-1	2021	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) lend resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	95-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	62-66
34490146-9	2021	All ESBL-EC isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and quinolones and sensitive to carbapenem and fosfomycin.	Cephalosporins	56-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
34490146-9	2021	All ESBL-EC isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and quinolones and sensitive to carbapenem and fosfomycin.	Quinolones	74-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
34490146-9	2021	All ESBL-EC isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and quinolones and sensitive to carbapenem and fosfomycin.	Carbapenems	102-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
34490146-9	2021	All ESBL-EC isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and quinolones and sensitive to carbapenem and fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	117-127	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
34214311-1	2021	fermentation time on its activity against Extended Strain Methicillin-Resistant (ESBL) Escherichia coli and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).	Methicillin	58-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
34566340-1	2021	Background and Aim: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme produced by the family of Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which can hydrolyzebeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycin, and carbapenem.	Cephalosporins	239-253	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-52
34566340-1	2021	Background and Aim: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme produced by the family of Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which can hydrolyzebeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycin, and carbapenem.	Cephamycins	255-265	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-52
34566340-1	2021	Background and Aim: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme produced by the family of Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which can hydrolyzebeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycin, and carbapenem.	Carbapenems	271-281	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-52
34566340-1	2021	Background and Aim: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme produced by the family of Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which can hydrolyzebeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycin, and carbapenem.	Lactams	197-204	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-52
34566340-1	2021	Background and Aim: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme produced by the family of Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which can hydrolyzebeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycin, and carbapenem.	Penicillins	226-237	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-52
34214311-3	2021	fermentation filtrate in De Man Rogosa Sharpe-broth (MRS-B) media against Extended Strain Methicillin-Resistant (ESBL) Escherichia coli and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).	Methicillin	90-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	113-117
34161207-7	2022	Among 936 (93.6%) ESBL producing bacteria, 614 (61.4 %) E. coli showedhigh resistance to the antibiotics, Cefotaxime (85.7 %), Cefepime (85.7 %), Ciprofloxacin (83.1 %) and Kanamycin (77.9 %).	Cefotaxime	106-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
34161207-7	2022	Among 936 (93.6%) ESBL producing bacteria, 614 (61.4 %) E. coli showedhigh resistance to the antibiotics, Cefotaxime (85.7 %), Cefepime (85.7 %), Ciprofloxacin (83.1 %) and Kanamycin (77.9 %).	Cefepime	127-135	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
34161207-7	2022	Among 936 (93.6%) ESBL producing bacteria, 614 (61.4 %) E. coli showedhigh resistance to the antibiotics, Cefotaxime (85.7 %), Cefepime (85.7 %), Ciprofloxacin (83.1 %) and Kanamycin (77.9 %).	Ciprofloxacin	146-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
34161207-7	2022	Among 936 (93.6%) ESBL producing bacteria, 614 (61.4 %) E. coli showedhigh resistance to the antibiotics, Cefotaxime (85.7 %), Cefepime (85.7 %), Ciprofloxacin (83.1 %) and Kanamycin (77.9 %).	Kanamycin	173-182	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
34161207-9	2022	Nitrofurantoin, gentamycin, and imipenem were the most effective antibiotics for ESBL-producing E. coli isolates.	Nitrofurantoin	0-14	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
34161207-9	2022	Nitrofurantoin, gentamycin, and imipenem were the most effective antibiotics for ESBL-producing E. coli isolates.	Gentamicins	16-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
34161207-9	2022	Nitrofurantoin, gentamycin, and imipenem were the most effective antibiotics for ESBL-producing E. coli isolates.	Imipenem	32-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
34137636-0	2021	Genome Sequences for Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Different Water Sources.	Water	113-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-53
34554478-5	2021	In antimicrobial tests, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water extracts inhibited the growth of S. aureus and MRSA, while butanol and water fractions were effective against E. coli, and water extract for E. coli ESBL and K. pneumoniae ESBL.	Water	141-146	EsbL	Escherichia coli	219-223
34199696-2	2021	Our study focused on the characterization of the support of ESBL in cefotaxime resistant E. coli (CTXR) isolates recovered from poultry with diarrhea, analysis of their clonal lineage, and virulence-associated genes.	Cefotaxime	68-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	60-64
34795702-9	2021	Of the antimicrobials tested, cefotaxime demonstrated the highest rates of resistance (100%) for both ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae.	Cefotaxime	30-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	102-106
34795702-10	2021	Fifty-four isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli showed a high level of resistance to amoxicillin clavulanic acid (83.3%), ciprofloxacin (83.3%), and ceftazidime (79.6%).	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	83-110	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-27
34795702-10	2021	Fifty-four isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli showed a high level of resistance to amoxicillin clavulanic acid (83.3%), ciprofloxacin (83.3%), and ceftazidime (79.6%).	Ciprofloxacin	120-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-27
34795702-10	2021	Fifty-four isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli showed a high level of resistance to amoxicillin clavulanic acid (83.3%), ciprofloxacin (83.3%), and ceftazidime (79.6%).	Ceftazidime	147-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-27
34795702-11	2021	ESBL-positive K. pneumoniae isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (75%), and amoxicillin clavulanic acid (83.3%).	Ciprofloxacin	62-75	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
34795702-11	2021	ESBL-positive K. pneumoniae isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (75%), and amoxicillin clavulanic acid (83.3%).	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	87-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
34322477-5	2021	Furthermore, the DIM probe, which was prepared by treating the DSM probe with ClO-, also displayed antibacterial efficacy toward not only Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) but also methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum ss-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), that is, antibiotic-resistant bacteria.	Hypochlorous Acid	78-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	326-330
34554478-5	2021	In antimicrobial tests, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water extracts inhibited the growth of S. aureus and MRSA, while butanol and water fractions were effective against E. coli, and water extract for E. coli ESBL and K. pneumoniae ESBL.	Water	193-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	219-223
34554478-5	2021	In antimicrobial tests, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water extracts inhibited the growth of S. aureus and MRSA, while butanol and water fractions were effective against E. coli, and water extract for E. coli ESBL and K. pneumoniae ESBL.	Water	193-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	242-246
34789602-2	2021	In recent years, the number of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing (ESBL)- and fluoroquinolones (FQ)-resistant Escherichia coli has been increasing in Japan, especially against third-generation cephalosporins and FQs, which are frequently used in medical practice.	Fluoroquinolones	104-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-102
34068339-1	2021	Antimicrobial resistance associated with the spread of plasmid-encoded extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes conferring resistance to third generation cephalosporins is increasing worldwide.	Cephalosporins	159-173	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-103
34540152-10	2021	K. pneumoniae-ESBL was 79.6% and its resistance to carbapenem was 38.4%.	Carbapenems	51-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
34540152-11	2021	E. coli-ESBL was 42% and its resistance to carbapenems was 2.3%.	Carbapenems	43-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
34223107-1	2021	Background: Up to 32% of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales strains display a carbapenem-heteroresistant (cHR) phenotype but its clinical relevance is unknown.	Carbapenems	75-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	25-29
34151148-0	2021	CTX-M-type ESBL-mediated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and conjugative transfer of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitals in Tamil Nadu, India.	Cephalosporins	56-70	EsbL	Escherichia coli	11-15
34789602-2	2021	In recent years, the number of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing (ESBL)- and fluoroquinolones (FQ)-resistant Escherichia coli has been increasing in Japan, especially against third-generation cephalosporins and FQs, which are frequently used in medical practice.	Cephalosporins	201-215	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-102
35219866-2	2022	Herein, we aim to characterize and understand the dynamics of the genetic determinants of beta-lactam resistance (i.e. ESBL, AmpC, and MBL) in E. coli.	beta-Lactams	90-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	119-123
35364179-10	2022	ESBL-Ec is ubiquitous in drinking water, wastewater and surface water bodies in both rural and urban areas of Bangladesh.	Water	34-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
35364179-10	2022	ESBL-Ec is ubiquitous in drinking water, wastewater and surface water bodies in both rural and urban areas of Bangladesh.	Water	64-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
35176652-9	2022	The same difference was found for the consumption of beta-lactams (beta-DCD/year) and AMU via the parenteral route, which resulted also associated with the presence of ESBL/AmpC-EC.	beta-Lactams	53-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	168-172
35176652-9	2022	The same difference was found for the consumption of beta-lactams (beta-DCD/year) and AMU via the parenteral route, which resulted also associated with the presence of ESBL/AmpC-EC.	N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid	86-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	168-172
35176652-9	2022	The same difference was found for the consumption of beta-lactams (beta-DCD/year) and AMU via the parenteral route, which resulted also associated with the presence of ESBL/AmpC-EC.	ampc-ec	173-180	EsbL	Escherichia coli	168-172
35219866-4	2022	ESBL, AmpC, and MBL resistance determinants were detected in 78%, 40%, and 18% of isolates, respectively with blaCTX-M group 4 (48%), blaCMY (40%), and blaSIM (33%) as the most prevalent beta-lactam resistance genes.	beta-Lactams	187-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
35625336-0	2022	Whole-Genome Characterisation of ESBL-Producing E. coli Isolated from Drinking Water and Dog Faeces from Rural Andean Households in Peru.	Water	79-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	33-37
35623520-1	2022	Occurrence of profiles of the carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CRE-E) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E) in an urban river in a sub-catchment of the Yodo River Basin, one of the representative water systems of Japan was investigated.	Water	244-249	EsbL	Escherichia coli	80-112
35599329-3	2022	AIMS: To test the ability of cefixime (CFM) and cefixime-amoxicillin/clavulanate (CFM-AMC) as a screening and confirmatory test for ESBL identification.	Cefixime	29-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
35599329-3	2022	AIMS: To test the ability of cefixime (CFM) and cefixime-amoxicillin/clavulanate (CFM-AMC) as a screening and confirmatory test for ESBL identification.	cefixime-amoxicillin/clavulanate	48-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
35599329-3	2022	AIMS: To test the ability of cefixime (CFM) and cefixime-amoxicillin/clavulanate (CFM-AMC) as a screening and confirmatory test for ESBL identification.	cfm-amc	82-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
35610764-8	2022	Amoxicillin/clavulanate (96.7%), nitrofurantoin (90.0%) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (83.3%) demonstrated the highest non-ESBL E. coli susceptibilities.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	60-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	127-131
35625336-3	2022	We aimed to confirm the identity and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of two ESBL isolates from dog faeces and drinking water of rural Andean households and determine serotype, phylogroup, sequence type (ST)/clonal complex (CC), pathogenicity, virulence genes, ESBL genes, and their plasmids.	Water	126-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	83-87
35451880-0	2022	In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Combined with Ceftibuten or Cefpodoxime Against Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	33-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	105-137
35418762-5	2022	ESBL and carbapenemase production was confirmed using the double-disc synergy test and a modified carbapenem inactivation method, respectively.	Carbapenems	98-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
35500548-0	2022	Examining the combination of cefixime and amoxicillin/clavulanate against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	42-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	74-106
35301647-2	2022	This study was designed to determine the prevalence of quinolones resistance and the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates.	Quinolones	114-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	154-186
35517902-6	2022	The proportion of ESBL-producing isolates in carbapenem-susceptible E. coli displayed a decreasing trend (from 72.9% to 51.2%).	Carbapenems	45-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
35458786-1	2022	The current study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of eight essential oils (EOs) against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains, producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes and isolated from foods.	Oils, Volatile	71-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-188
35458786-1	2022	The current study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of eight essential oils (EOs) against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains, producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes and isolated from foods.	Oils, Volatile	87-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-188
35458786-10	2022	Our results highlighted that the use of essential oils, specially of T. capitatus, to inhibit or prevent the growth of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli in food, may be a promising alternative to chemicals.	Oils, Volatile	40-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	119-151
35482377-4	2022	A total of 21 water samples were contaminated with E. coli and 15 isolates were identified as ESBL producers harboring blaTEM (40%) and blaCTX-M (33.33%) genes.	Water	14-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
35482377-5	2022	Interestingly, all the ESBL E. coli isolates showed the least resistance against second-generation Cephalosporins compared to other generations.	Cephalosporins	99-113	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-27
35482377-7	2022	The recovery of ESBL E. coli isolates resistant to higher generation Cephalosporins, Monobactam, and Carbapenems from water samples indicated an alarming situation.	Cephalosporins	69-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
35482377-7	2022	The recovery of ESBL E. coli isolates resistant to higher generation Cephalosporins, Monobactam, and Carbapenems from water samples indicated an alarming situation.	Monobactams	85-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
35482377-7	2022	The recovery of ESBL E. coli isolates resistant to higher generation Cephalosporins, Monobactam, and Carbapenems from water samples indicated an alarming situation.	Carbapenems	101-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
35482377-7	2022	The recovery of ESBL E. coli isolates resistant to higher generation Cephalosporins, Monobactam, and Carbapenems from water samples indicated an alarming situation.	Water	118-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
35451880-0	2022	In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Combined with Ceftibuten or Cefpodoxime Against Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	cefpodoxime	85-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	105-137
35091052-2	2022	To determine the prevalence of ESBL non-CRE (carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales) phenotype isolates among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae collected in 2018-2019 for the SMART global surveillance program and to review trends in prevalence over 5 years (2015-2019).	Carbapenems	45-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
35453213-1	2022	The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the antibacterial activity of six commercial and lab-scale extracted essential oils (EOs) alone or in combination with caprylic acid (CA) and sodium chloride (NaCl) against faecal Escherichia coli with and without extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) encoding genes, and of isolates classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR).	Oils, Volatile	141-144	EsbL	Escherichia coli	270-302
35335681-11	2022	Carbapenem-sparing drugs, such as temocillin, mecillinam, fosfomycin, cefoxitin, and nitrofurantoin, remained highly active, including towards ESBL-E.	Carbapenems	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	143-147
35335681-11	2022	Carbapenem-sparing drugs, such as temocillin, mecillinam, fosfomycin, cefoxitin, and nitrofurantoin, remained highly active, including towards ESBL-E.	Cefoxitin	70-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	143-147
35132833-7	2022	Of these, 80 ceftriaxone-resistant and two ceftriaxone-intermediate Escherichia coli from inside ceftriaxone-halos were confirmed as ESBL-producers.	Ceftriaxone	43-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
35091052-5	2022	ESBL non-CRE phenotypes were defined as nonsusceptible to ceftriaxone (MIC >=2 microg/ml) and susceptible to ertapenem (MIC <=0.5 microg/ml).	Ceftriaxone	58-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
35132833-7	2022	Of these, 80 ceftriaxone-resistant and two ceftriaxone-intermediate Escherichia coli from inside ceftriaxone-halos were confirmed as ESBL-producers.	Ceftriaxone	97-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
35091052-5	2022	ESBL non-CRE phenotypes were defined as nonsusceptible to ceftriaxone (MIC >=2 microg/ml) and susceptible to ertapenem (MIC <=0.5 microg/ml).	Ertapenem	109-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
35151360-8	2022	Resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins was indicative of Extended Spectrum-ss-lactamase (ESBL) production.	Cephalosporins	29-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
35019685-16	2022	The newly available beta-lactam combination agent ceftazidime-avibactam has been demonstrated good in vitro and in vivo activity against ESBL, AmpC, KPC-2, or OXA-48-like-producing isolates and has shown promise in treating carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections.	beta-Lactams	20-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	137-141
35019685-16	2022	The newly available beta-lactam combination agent ceftazidime-avibactam has been demonstrated good in vitro and in vivo activity against ESBL, AmpC, KPC-2, or OXA-48-like-producing isolates and has shown promise in treating carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections.	Ceftazidime	50-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	137-141
35019685-16	2022	The newly available beta-lactam combination agent ceftazidime-avibactam has been demonstrated good in vitro and in vivo activity against ESBL, AmpC, KPC-2, or OXA-48-like-producing isolates and has shown promise in treating carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections.	avibactam	62-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	137-141
35203862-7	2022	ESBL characterization of cefotaxime-resistant populations identified blaCTX-M-1 subgroup as the most common, whereby blaKPC was more associated with ceftazidime and ertapenem resistance.	Cefotaxime	25-35	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
34996645-6	2022	Comparative analysis showed lactate and fumarate utilization by C. jejuni and C. coli exclusively, whereas ESBL-E. coli rapidly consumed asparagine, glutamine/arginine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, pyruvate, glycerol, cellobiose, and glucose.	Asparagine	137-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
34996645-6	2022	Comparative analysis showed lactate and fumarate utilization by C. jejuni and C. coli exclusively, whereas ESBL-E. coli rapidly consumed asparagine, glutamine/arginine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, pyruvate, glycerol, cellobiose, and glucose.	Glutamine	149-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
34996645-6	2022	Comparative analysis showed lactate and fumarate utilization by C. jejuni and C. coli exclusively, whereas ESBL-E. coli rapidly consumed asparagine, glutamine/arginine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, pyruvate, glycerol, cellobiose, and glucose.	Arginine	159-167	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
34996645-6	2022	Comparative analysis showed lactate and fumarate utilization by C. jejuni and C. coli exclusively, whereas ESBL-E. coli rapidly consumed asparagine, glutamine/arginine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, pyruvate, glycerol, cellobiose, and glucose.	Lysine	169-175	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
34996645-6	2022	Comparative analysis showed lactate and fumarate utilization by C. jejuni and C. coli exclusively, whereas ESBL-E. coli rapidly consumed asparagine, glutamine/arginine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, pyruvate, glycerol, cellobiose, and glucose.	Threonine	177-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
34996645-6	2022	Comparative analysis showed lactate and fumarate utilization by C. jejuni and C. coli exclusively, whereas ESBL-E. coli rapidly consumed asparagine, glutamine/arginine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, pyruvate, glycerol, cellobiose, and glucose.	Tryptophan	188-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
34996645-6	2022	Comparative analysis showed lactate and fumarate utilization by C. jejuni and C. coli exclusively, whereas ESBL-E. coli rapidly consumed asparagine, glutamine/arginine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, pyruvate, glycerol, cellobiose, and glucose.	Pyruvic Acid	200-208	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
34996645-6	2022	Comparative analysis showed lactate and fumarate utilization by C. jejuni and C. coli exclusively, whereas ESBL-E. coli rapidly consumed asparagine, glutamine/arginine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, pyruvate, glycerol, cellobiose, and glucose.	Glycerol	210-218	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
34996645-6	2022	Comparative analysis showed lactate and fumarate utilization by C. jejuni and C. coli exclusively, whereas ESBL-E. coli rapidly consumed asparagine, glutamine/arginine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, pyruvate, glycerol, cellobiose, and glucose.	Glucose	236-243	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
34996645-7	2022	Both campylobacters and ESBL-E. coli utilized aspartate, serine, formate, a-ketoglutarate and malate.	Aspartic Acid	46-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
34996645-7	2022	Both campylobacters and ESBL-E. coli utilized aspartate, serine, formate, a-ketoglutarate and malate.	Serine	57-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
34996645-7	2022	Both campylobacters and ESBL-E. coli utilized aspartate, serine, formate, a-ketoglutarate and malate.	formic acid	65-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
34996645-7	2022	Both campylobacters and ESBL-E. coli utilized aspartate, serine, formate, a-ketoglutarate and malate.	a-ketoglutarate	74-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
34996645-7	2022	Both campylobacters and ESBL-E. coli utilized aspartate, serine, formate, a-ketoglutarate and malate.	malic acid	94-100	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
35074014-9	2022	The prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms, such as E. coli, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii was higher in tertiary hospitals, whereas extended-spectrum, beta-lactamase-producing E. coli (ESBL-E. coli), carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii were more prevalent in economically-developing areas.	Carbapenems	204-214	EsbL	Escherichia coli	189-193
35177911-1	2022	Purpose: To evaluate the optimal dosing regimens of meropenem against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in critically ill patients with varying degrees of renal function using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS).	Meropenem	52-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	131-135
35198455-3	2021	However, the resistance rates presented significant differences in different animal origin ESBL-EC, where resistance to CTX, GEN, IMP, NEO, and OFL was the highest in chicken ESBL-EC, then in cattle, and the lowest in swine.	Genistein	125-128	EsbL	Escherichia coli	91-95
35198455-3	2021	However, the resistance rates presented significant differences in different animal origin ESBL-EC, where resistance to CTX, GEN, IMP, NEO, and OFL was the highest in chicken ESBL-EC, then in cattle, and the lowest in swine.	neo	135-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	91-95
35214036-0	2022	Oligonucleotide Solid Nucleolipid Nanoparticles against Antibiotic Resistance of ESBL-Producing Bacteria.	Oligonucleotides	0-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
35214036-0	2022	Oligonucleotide Solid Nucleolipid Nanoparticles against Antibiotic Resistance of ESBL-Producing Bacteria.	nucleolipid	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
34014957-9	2021	The most frequently detected gene of ESBL among all tested isolates was blaCTX-M-15 (86.3%) followed by blaTEM-1 (81.3%) and blaSHV-1 (35%) while the Amp-C gene was present in 83.75%.	Adenosine Monophosphate	150-153	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
35020771-3	2022	Out of 241 faecal samples, presence of E. coli resistant to a cephalosporin (ESBL/AmpC) was estimated for 33 isolates (13,7%).	Cephalosporins	62-75	EsbL	Escherichia coli	77-81
33964521-5	2021	Results also proved the dose-independent effect of cefquinome administration on the selection and amplification of ESBL-producing E. coli.	cefquinome	51-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
34022417-9	2021	Susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-negative Escherichia coli to ceftaroline ranged from 67.0% in Asia/SP to 91.0% in Africa/ME; susceptibility to amikacin, meropenem and tigecycline was >=96.7% in all regions.	T 91825	87-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-50
33978469-7	2021	All ESBL E. coli isolates were resistant to penicillin and most cephem beta-lactam antibiotics.	Penicillins	44-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
34022417-9	2021	Susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-negative Escherichia coli to ceftaroline ranged from 67.0% in Asia/SP to 91.0% in Africa/ME; susceptibility to amikacin, meropenem and tigecycline was >=96.7% in all regions.	sp	125-127	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-50
34022417-9	2021	Susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-negative Escherichia coli to ceftaroline ranged from 67.0% in Asia/SP to 91.0% in Africa/ME; susceptibility to amikacin, meropenem and tigecycline was >=96.7% in all regions.	Amikacin	169-177	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-50
34022417-9	2021	Susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-negative Escherichia coli to ceftaroline ranged from 67.0% in Asia/SP to 91.0% in Africa/ME; susceptibility to amikacin, meropenem and tigecycline was >=96.7% in all regions.	Tigecycline	193-204	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-50
33978469-7	2021	All ESBL E. coli isolates were resistant to penicillin and most cephem beta-lactam antibiotics.	cephem	64-70	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33978469-7	2021	All ESBL E. coli isolates were resistant to penicillin and most cephem beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	71-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33978469-8	2021	Among the ESBL E. coli isolates, co-resistance was observed to ciprofloxacin (33%) and gentamicin (28%) indicating multidrug resistance.	Ciprofloxacin	63-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-14
33978469-8	2021	Among the ESBL E. coli isolates, co-resistance was observed to ciprofloxacin (33%) and gentamicin (28%) indicating multidrug resistance.	Gentamicins	87-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-14
33925201-0	2021	Heavy Metal Tolerance Trend in Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase Encoding Strains Recovered from Food Samples.	Metals	6-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-63
33712420-5	2021	This study extends beyond previous work by investigating the in vitro effect of cPAC in overcoming ESBL-, MBL- and PBP2a-mediated beta-lactam resistance.	cpac	80-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
33712420-5	2021	This study extends beyond previous work by investigating the in vitro effect of cPAC in overcoming ESBL-, MBL- and PBP2a-mediated beta-lactam resistance.	beta-Lactams	130-141	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
33888997-9	2021	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) strains of E. coli (15.7%) and K. pneumoniae (19.7%) showed resistance to most tested antibiotics, while almost all Gram-negative uropathogens including ESBL strains presented low resistance to cefoxitin, imipenem and meropenem.	Cefoxitin	234-243	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
33888997-9	2021	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) strains of E. coli (15.7%) and K. pneumoniae (19.7%) showed resistance to most tested antibiotics, while almost all Gram-negative uropathogens including ESBL strains presented low resistance to cefoxitin, imipenem and meropenem.	Imipenem	245-253	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
33888997-9	2021	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) strains of E. coli (15.7%) and K. pneumoniae (19.7%) showed resistance to most tested antibiotics, while almost all Gram-negative uropathogens including ESBL strains presented low resistance to cefoxitin, imipenem and meropenem.	Meropenem	258-267	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
33897921-13	2021	Compared to non-ESBL producers, a higher number of ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (14.5% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.001), cotrimoxazole (59.4% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001), and amikacin (10.1% vs 4.2%, p < 0.001).	Ciprofloxacin	93-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
34017503-6	2021	Imipramine was sensitive to MDR-PA, MDRAB, ESBL KP, and ESBL E. coli, and vancomycin was sensitive to MRSA.	Imipramine	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
33924433-4	2021	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli were isolated on deoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agar, containing cephalexin (50 mug/mL) or cefotaxime (2 mug/mL), and were characterized with antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), replicon typing, and beta-lactamase typing analyses.	deoxycholate hydrogen sulfide	75-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
33924433-4	2021	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli were isolated on deoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agar, containing cephalexin (50 mug/mL) or cefotaxime (2 mug/mL), and were characterized with antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), replicon typing, and beta-lactamase typing analyses.	Lactose	105-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
33924433-4	2021	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli were isolated on deoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agar, containing cephalexin (50 mug/mL) or cefotaxime (2 mug/mL), and were characterized with antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), replicon typing, and beta-lactamase typing analyses.	Agar	113-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
33924433-4	2021	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli were isolated on deoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agar, containing cephalexin (50 mug/mL) or cefotaxime (2 mug/mL), and were characterized with antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), replicon typing, and beta-lactamase typing analyses.	Cephalexin	130-140	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
33924433-4	2021	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli were isolated on deoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agar, containing cephalexin (50 mug/mL) or cefotaxime (2 mug/mL), and were characterized with antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), replicon typing, and beta-lactamase typing analyses.	Cefotaxime	156-166	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
33918543-7	2021	A total of 68% of the extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producers were also resistant to quinolones.	Quinolones	95-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-54
33897921-13	2021	Compared to non-ESBL producers, a higher number of ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (14.5% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.001), cotrimoxazole (59.4% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001), and amikacin (10.1% vs 4.2%, p < 0.001).	Ciprofloxacin	93-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-55
33897921-13	2021	Compared to non-ESBL producers, a higher number of ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (14.5% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.001), cotrimoxazole (59.4% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001), and amikacin (10.1% vs 4.2%, p < 0.001).	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	136-149	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-55
33897921-13	2021	Compared to non-ESBL producers, a higher number of ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (14.5% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.001), cotrimoxazole (59.4% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001), and amikacin (10.1% vs 4.2%, p < 0.001).	Amikacin	184-192	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-55
33670224-0	2021	In Vitro Efficacy of Flomoxef against Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Associated with Urinary Tract Infections in Malaysia.	flomoxef	21-29	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-70
33438033-1	2021	OBJECTIVES: WCK 4282, high-dose cefepime/tazobactam, possesses potent in vitro activity against Gram-negative organisms including ESBL- and cephalosporinase-harbouring strains.	Tazobactam	41-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	130-134
33690674-5	2021	The objective of this study was to compare the propensity of ceftriaxone and temocillin to modify the abundance of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in feces of colonized mice.	Ceftriaxone	61-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
33690674-5	2021	The objective of this study was to compare the propensity of ceftriaxone and temocillin to modify the abundance of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in feces of colonized mice.	temocillin	77-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
33373731-9	2021	Rates of susceptibility to ceftaroline for ESBL-negative Escherichia coli (n = 442), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 381), and Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 103) were 92.1%, 93.2%, and 96.1%, respectively.	T 91825	27-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
33351903-8	2021	In an adjusted model, the ESBL-E. coli rate was significantly (P < 0.05) and positively associated with the local percentage of people >65 years old, third-generation cephalosporin use (DDD/1000 inhabitants), number of hospital beds/km2, poultry density, pig density and percentage of agricultural land.	Cephalosporins	167-180	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
33609719-3	2021	This study investigated the in vitro efficacy of mefloquine in combination with colistin against 114 antibiotic-resistant Enterobacterales isolates including NDM-1, ESBL and mcr-1 containing strains from a broad range of origins.	Mefloquine	49-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	165-169
33851002-9	2021	In the best model, AMU was found to influence ESBL-EC dynamics, by affecting ESBL-EC clearance rather than acquisition.	N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid	19-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
33851002-9	2021	In the best model, AMU was found to influence ESBL-EC dynamics, by affecting ESBL-EC clearance rather than acquisition.	N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid	19-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	77-81
33719123-7	2021	The ESBL-positives showed significantly higher resistance rates to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, aztreonam, and chloramphenicol (P<0.05).	Gentamicins	67-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33719123-7	2021	The ESBL-positives showed significantly higher resistance rates to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, aztreonam, and chloramphenicol (P<0.05).	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	79-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33719123-7	2021	The ESBL-positives showed significantly higher resistance rates to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, aztreonam, and chloramphenicol (P<0.05).	Tetracycline	95-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33719123-7	2021	The ESBL-positives showed significantly higher resistance rates to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, aztreonam, and chloramphenicol (P<0.05).	Aztreonam	109-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33719123-7	2021	The ESBL-positives showed significantly higher resistance rates to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, aztreonam, and chloramphenicol (P<0.05).	Chloramphenicol	124-139	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33691795-11	2021	Besides polymyxin B (100% sensitive), meropenem and imipenem showed high efficacy against the ESBL producers.	Meropenem	38-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
33691795-11	2021	Besides polymyxin B (100% sensitive), meropenem and imipenem showed high efficacy against the ESBL producers.	Imipenem	52-60	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
33691795-13	2021	Polymyxin B and carbapenems are the choice of drugs against ESBL producers but should be used only as the last line drugs.	Carbapenems	16-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	60-64
33499392-3	2021	Characterization of 32 3GC-R-Ec isolates revealed the presence of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes blaCTX-M-1 (n = 27), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 4), and blaCTX-M-1 together with blaLAP-2 (n = 1).	3gc-r-ec	23-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	70-102
33484432-12	2021	She later on developed urinary tract infection due to ESBL producing E. coli treated with amikacin and severe CMV infection that partially responded to ganciclovir therapy and at 7 months of age, she successfully underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.	Amikacin	90-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
33484432-12	2021	She later on developed urinary tract infection due to ESBL producing E. coli treated with amikacin and severe CMV infection that partially responded to ganciclovir therapy and at 7 months of age, she successfully underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.	Ganciclovir	152-163	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
33122041-13	2021	CONCLUSION: The two rapid ESBL tests showed good performance and allowed the reduction of the TAT of the screening protocol for identification of ESBL carriers.	Triethylenemelamine	94-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
33122041-13	2021	CONCLUSION: The two rapid ESBL tests showed good performance and allowed the reduction of the TAT of the screening protocol for identification of ESBL carriers.	Triethylenemelamine	94-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	146-150
32589493-5	2021	Results: From 2012 to 2018, frequency of ESBL-E. coli increased in urine and nonurine isolates from the county hospital (urine: 1.1% per year, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5-1.6, p < 0.01; nonurine: 1.9% per year, 95% CI: 0.9-2.9, p < 0.01) and in urine isolates from the VA hospital (0.9% per year, 95% CI: 0.3-1.4, p < 0.01).	nonurine	77-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
32589493-5	2021	Results: From 2012 to 2018, frequency of ESBL-E. coli increased in urine and nonurine isolates from the county hospital (urine: 1.1% per year, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5-1.6, p < 0.01; nonurine: 1.9% per year, 95% CI: 0.9-2.9, p < 0.01) and in urine isolates from the VA hospital (0.9% per year, 95% CI: 0.3-1.4, p < 0.01).	nonurine	192-200	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
33499011-3	2021	The characterizing and whole-genome sequencing studies of ESBL-producing bacteria from reservoir water in Singapore is still limited.	Water	97-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
33499011-12	2021	Conclusion: The first time we reported the whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of ESBL-producing E. coli including potential pathogen (ST131) present in reservoir water in Singapore.	Water	162-167	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
33499011-13	2021	The ESBL-producing E. coli from reservoir water also carrying conjugatable colistin resistance genes which may become a risk to human health.	Water	42-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33683048-11	2021	All ESBL and AmpC-positive bacteria exhibited high resistance frequencies to tested antibiotics, especially to the carbapenems and cephalosporins.	Carbapenems	115-126	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33164081-2	2021	OBJECTIVES: To elucidate development of carbapenem resistance mechanisms from clonal, recurrent ESBL-positive Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) bacteraemia isolates in a vulnerable patient population.	Carbapenems	40-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
33164081-2	2021	OBJECTIVES: To elucidate development of carbapenem resistance mechanisms from clonal, recurrent ESBL-positive Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) bacteraemia isolates in a vulnerable patient population.	Carbapenems	40-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	128-132
33164081-9	2021	The carbapenem resistance phenotype and TU-mediated beta-lactamase gene amplification were recapitulated by passaging a clinical ESBL-E isolate in the presence of ertapenem.	Carbapenems	4-14	EsbL	Escherichia coli	129-133
33164081-9	2021	The carbapenem resistance phenotype and TU-mediated beta-lactamase gene amplification were recapitulated by passaging a clinical ESBL-E isolate in the presence of ertapenem.	Thiouracil	40-42	EsbL	Escherichia coli	129-133
33164081-9	2021	The carbapenem resistance phenotype and TU-mediated beta-lactamase gene amplification were recapitulated by passaging a clinical ESBL-E isolate in the presence of ertapenem.	Ertapenem	163-172	EsbL	Escherichia coli	129-133
33437247-1	2021	Objectives: The objective of the current study was to find prevalence of relevant ESBL and carbapenemase producing genes in nosocomial E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates and to check phenotypic susceptibility of all ESBL positive isolates to carbapenems.	Carbapenems	242-253	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-104
33437247-1	2021	Objectives: The objective of the current study was to find prevalence of relevant ESBL and carbapenemase producing genes in nosocomial E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates and to check phenotypic susceptibility of all ESBL positive isolates to carbapenems.	Carbapenems	242-253	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
33683048-11	2021	All ESBL and AmpC-positive bacteria exhibited high resistance frequencies to tested antibiotics, especially to the carbapenems and cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	131-145	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33683048-13	2021	Overall, the DHA-M and CTX-M genes, mediating AmpC and ESBL production respectively were the most prevalent genes harbored by the tested GNB.	dehydroacetic acid	13-16	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
33203576-6	2021	We found that 87.1 % of the isolates were multidrug-resistant, including 9% ESBL-producers, with the highest rates to nalidixic acid (82 %), colistin (77 %), ticarcillin (76 %) and ampicillin (76 %).	Nalidixic Acid	118-132	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
33404990-1	2021	PURPOSE: Although flomoxef (FMOX) has attracted substantial attention as an antibiotic against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-producing E. coli), the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) characteristics of FMOX against ESBL-producing E. coli is unclear.	flomoxef	18-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
33404990-1	2021	PURPOSE: Although flomoxef (FMOX) has attracted substantial attention as an antibiotic against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-producing E. coli), the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) characteristics of FMOX against ESBL-producing E. coli is unclear.	flomoxef	18-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	259-263
33404990-1	2021	PURPOSE: Although flomoxef (FMOX) has attracted substantial attention as an antibiotic against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-producing E. coli), the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) characteristics of FMOX against ESBL-producing E. coli is unclear.	flomoxef	28-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
33404990-1	2021	PURPOSE: Although flomoxef (FMOX) has attracted substantial attention as an antibiotic against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-producing E. coli), the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) characteristics of FMOX against ESBL-producing E. coli is unclear.	flomoxef	28-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	259-263
32767214-0	2020	Genetic characterization of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from wastewater and river water in Tunisia: predominance of CTX-M-15 and high genetic diversity.	Water	105-110	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
33362749-4	2020	The total number of bacteria growing on the selective ChromID ESBL agar was 3.1 x 105 cfu/L (23.8% of all growing bacteria) in 2016, whereas it was 100-fold lower in 2017 (3 x 103 cfu/L; 8.3% of all growing bacteria).	Agar	67-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	62-66
32767214-5	2020	Among 120 water samples, 33 and 4 contained ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively.	Water	10-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
32767214-12	2020	Our findings show a high rate of CTX-M-15 and high genetic diversity of ESBL-E isolates from WWPP and receiving river water.	Water	118-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
32810499-1	2020	This study aimed to gain insight into the presence of antibiotics, occurrence of antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of extended-spectrum ss-lactamase (ESBL) genes in Escherichia coli in surface water, based on the example of the Bialka river, located in one of the most attractive tourist destinations in Poland.	Water	199-204	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
33246358-1	2020	OBJECTIVE: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) may complicate the treatment of diabetic foot infections (DFIs).	Methicillin	11-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	127-131
33045444-0	2020	In vitro fosfomycin study on concordance of susceptibility testing methods against ESBL and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.	Fosfomycin	9-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	83-87
33045444-2	2020	Recent studies reported the good in vitro activity of fosfomycin against ESBL and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.	Fosfomycin	54-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
33045444-6	2020	RESULTS: Fosfomycin showed very good activity against ESBL-producing E.coli (88.6%).	Fosfomycin	9-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
33045444-11	2020	CONCLUSIONS: When ESBL E. coli isolates are found to be susceptible to fosfomycin with automated systems, it is not necessary to verify these results with the AD reference method; while for resistant strains, the gradient test can be used.	Fosfomycin	71-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
33324692-3	2020	This study evaluated the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC and mcr genes in third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (3GC-R E. coli) isolated from broiler farms (animal component), broiler carcasses (food component), and human enteritis (human component) in Quito-Ecuador.	Cephalosporins	83-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	39-43
33250435-10	2021	Isolated extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-positive Escherichia coli from CF stool exhibited phenotypic resistance to tobramycin and gentamicin.	Tobramycin	124-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-41
33250435-10	2021	Isolated extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-positive Escherichia coli from CF stool exhibited phenotypic resistance to tobramycin and gentamicin.	Gentamicins	139-149	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-41
33199763-5	2020	Recovery of isolates with multi-drug resistance (MDR) genotypes was lower from McC + CTX than ESBL agar.	Agar	99-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
32840305-0	2020	Impact of reflex fosfomycin E-testing on the utilization of carbapenems for definitive extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli urinary tract infection treatment.	Fosfomycin	17-29	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-119
32840305-0	2020	Impact of reflex fosfomycin E-testing on the utilization of carbapenems for definitive extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli urinary tract infection treatment.	Carbapenems	60-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-119
32840305-1	2020	PURPOSE: A protocol was started within a large health system to automatically test all confirmed extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli urine isolates for susceptibility to fosfomycin, an antibiotic not routinely included in such testing in most institutions.	Fosfomycin	201-211	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-129
32712107-8	2020	It was observed that all the ESBL-producing isolates were sensitive towards imipenem and faropenem with minimal proportion of resistance.	Imipenem	76-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
33364536-1	2020	Commensal ESBL-producing E. coli represent a reservoir for resistance genes therefore, their detection is crucial to restrain the spread of beta-lactam resistance.	beta-Lactams	140-151	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-14
32712107-8	2020	It was observed that all the ESBL-producing isolates were sensitive towards imipenem and faropenem with minimal proportion of resistance.	fropenem	89-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
32810555-0	2020	In vitro and in vivo efficacy of methyl oleate and palmitic acid against ESBL producing MDR Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	methyl oleate	33-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
32810555-0	2020	In vitro and in vivo efficacy of methyl oleate and palmitic acid against ESBL producing MDR Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Palmitic Acid	51-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
32810555-3	2020	METHODS: This study unveils the in vitro and in vivo anti-ESBL potential of Methyl oleate (MO) and Palmitic acid (PA) against ESBL producing MDR bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	methyl oleate	76-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	126-130
32810555-3	2020	METHODS: This study unveils the in vitro and in vivo anti-ESBL potential of Methyl oleate (MO) and Palmitic acid (PA) against ESBL producing MDR bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	methyl oleate	76-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
32810555-3	2020	METHODS: This study unveils the in vitro and in vivo anti-ESBL potential of Methyl oleate (MO) and Palmitic acid (PA) against ESBL producing MDR bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Palmitic Acid	99-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
32810555-3	2020	METHODS: This study unveils the in vitro and in vivo anti-ESBL potential of Methyl oleate (MO) and Palmitic acid (PA) against ESBL producing MDR bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Palmitic Acid	99-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	126-130
32540482-2	2020	This study aims to determine if the use of zinc oxide selects for Extended Spectrum beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli and affects the expression of blaCTX-M-1 in E. coli.	Zinc Oxide	43-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-98
32810555-3	2020	METHODS: This study unveils the in vitro and in vivo anti-ESBL potential of Methyl oleate (MO) and Palmitic acid (PA) against ESBL producing MDR bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Palmitic Acid	114-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
32810555-3	2020	METHODS: This study unveils the in vitro and in vivo anti-ESBL potential of Methyl oleate (MO) and Palmitic acid (PA) against ESBL producing MDR bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Palmitic Acid	114-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	126-130
32810555-7	2020	Moreover, the anti-ESBL potential of MO and PA was validated through light, confocal laser scanning and scanning electron microscopic analyses.	Palmitic Acid	44-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	19-23
32810555-12	2020	CONCLUSION: Therefore the study concluded that the promising effects of MO and PA can be used as an alternative biological agent which could be positively explored to treat ESBL producing MDR pathogens.	Palmitic Acid	79-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	173-177
32452042-1	2020	We evaluated the prevalence and epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates in pigs during production cycle on a Czech farm with the history of previous use of ceftiofur.	ceftiofur	208-217	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-80
33013784-6	2020	Phylogroups B1 and B2 were dominant in the E. coli population, while phylogroup A was dominant in isolates resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, which harbored the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) encoding genes bla CTX-M-15 and bla CTX-M-27 in half of the cases.	Cephalosporins	137-151	EsbL	Escherichia coli	172-204
33114244-4	2020	Here, we investigate the persistence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) pEK499 and its clinically most important ARG (blaCTX-M-15), after introduction via irrigation water or manure into a lettuce-growing system.	Water	214-219	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-75
32061816-0	2020	Recurrence of urinary tract infections with ESBL-producing Escherichia coli are caused by homologous strains among which clone ST131-O25b is dominant.	interleukin-24	121-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
31873877-3	2020	Our aim was to audit sepsis rates after introduction of ESBL screening and to identify risk factors for FQ resistance in ESBL strains and factors for sepsis risk.	Fluoroquinolones	104-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
32908528-14	2020	The Streptomyces species-derived ethyl acetate extracts from Nepalese soil demonstrate potential activity against ESBL-producing E. coli.	ethyl acetate	33-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	114-118
32602298-7	2020	Results Prevalence of the phenotypic ESBL-producing E. coli isolates was 29%, and they exhibited remarkable sensitivity to carbapenems (100%) as well as to amikacin (93.10%).	Carbapenems	123-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
32602298-7	2020	Results Prevalence of the phenotypic ESBL-producing E. coli isolates was 29%, and they exhibited remarkable sensitivity to carbapenems (100%) as well as to amikacin (93.10%).	Amikacin	156-164	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
32434784-9	2020	From ceca and water, potential ESBL E. coli were only confirmed from MacConkey agar with 4 mug/ml cefotaxime, where 45% and 16.6% of E. coli isolates phenotypically expressed ESBL-production.	Water	14-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
32434784-9	2020	From ceca and water, potential ESBL E. coli were only confirmed from MacConkey agar with 4 mug/ml cefotaxime, where 45% and 16.6% of E. coli isolates phenotypically expressed ESBL-production.	Agar	79-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
32434784-9	2020	From ceca and water, potential ESBL E. coli were only confirmed from MacConkey agar with 4 mug/ml cefotaxime, where 45% and 16.6% of E. coli isolates phenotypically expressed ESBL-production.	Cefotaxime	98-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
31873877-6	2020	ESBL-positive patients received amikacin in addition to ciprofloxacin prophylaxis.	Amikacin	32-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
31873877-10	2020	Among the FQ-resistant ESBL producers, the sepsis rate was 24%.	Fluoroquinolones	10-12	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-27
31873877-11	2020	Predictive factor for FQ resistance in ESBL producers included-antibiotic use in the last 3 months (OR 15).	Fluoroquinolones	22-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	39-43
32849376-0	2020	Genomic Surveillance of Ceftriaxone-Resistant Escherichia coli in Western New York Suggests the Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase bla CTX-M-27 Is Emerging on Distinct Plasmids in ST38.	Ceftriaxone	24-35	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-128
31529721-1	2020	This study investigated the existence of sulfonamides and colistin resistance genes among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli recovered from fish gut in Vietnam and evaluated the susceptibility patterns of the ESBL-producing E. coli to relevant antimicrobials.	Sulfonamides	41-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	90-122
32766294-2	2020	The production of ESBL is primarily plasmid mediated, and such plasmids often comprise the genes that encode resistance to other classes of antimicrobials, such as aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones.	Aminoglycosides	164-179	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
32766294-2	2020	The production of ESBL is primarily plasmid mediated, and such plasmids often comprise the genes that encode resistance to other classes of antimicrobials, such as aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones.	Fluoroquinolones	184-200	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
32766294-9	2020	The ESBL-producing E. coli were all resistant to ampicillin.	Ampicillin	49-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
31951514-1	2020	The present work addresses the effect of excess levels of ZnCl2 and CuSO4 in the growth medium on the conjugative transfer of plasmids carrying the antibiotic resistance gene blaCMY-2 from extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	Zinc	58-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	223-227
32799271-7	2020	Sensitivity rate of ESBL producing Escherichia coli to Fosfomycin was 96.5%, and 98.8% for ESBL negative Escherichia coli.	Fosfomycin	55-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
32799271-8	2020	Sensitivity rate of ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae to Fosfomycin was 70.5%, and 53.1% for ESBL negative Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Fosfomycin	60-70	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
31951514-8	2020	Together the results show that exposure of ESBL-producing E. coli to Zn and Cu reduce horizontal transfer of the blaCMY-2 resistance plasmid by reducing expression of genes involved in conjugation in the plasmid donor strain.	Zinc	69-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
31951514-8	2020	Together the results show that exposure of ESBL-producing E. coli to Zn and Cu reduce horizontal transfer of the blaCMY-2 resistance plasmid by reducing expression of genes involved in conjugation in the plasmid donor strain.	Copper	76-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
32151495-7	2020	Although XbaI-PFGE results showed genetic background of the E. coli isolates producing CTX-M-type ESBL were diverse, five clonal spread cases of certain E. coli producing CTX-M-type ESBL isolates were observed among the medical students.	xbai-pfge	9-18	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-102
32566057-7	2020	Higher frequencies of MDR bacteria were found among ESBL-E. coli, with resistance to ampicillin (100%), ceftriaxone (96%), gentamicin (57%), ciprofloxacin (89%), and TMP/SMX (53%).	Ampicillin	85-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
32566057-7	2020	Higher frequencies of MDR bacteria were found among ESBL-E. coli, with resistance to ampicillin (100%), ceftriaxone (96%), gentamicin (57%), ciprofloxacin (89%), and TMP/SMX (53%).	Ceftriaxone	104-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
32566057-7	2020	Higher frequencies of MDR bacteria were found among ESBL-E. coli, with resistance to ampicillin (100%), ceftriaxone (96%), gentamicin (57%), ciprofloxacin (89%), and TMP/SMX (53%).	Gentamicins	123-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
32566057-7	2020	Higher frequencies of MDR bacteria were found among ESBL-E. coli, with resistance to ampicillin (100%), ceftriaxone (96%), gentamicin (57%), ciprofloxacin (89%), and TMP/SMX (53%).	Ciprofloxacin	141-154	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
32566057-7	2020	Higher frequencies of MDR bacteria were found among ESBL-E. coli, with resistance to ampicillin (100%), ceftriaxone (96%), gentamicin (57%), ciprofloxacin (89%), and TMP/SMX (53%).	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	166-173	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
32566057-9	2020	Fosfomycin MIC90 for ESBL-E. coli was 5.78 mug/mL.	Fosfomycin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
32143053-7	2020	Conversely, ESBL-producing E. coli were present in surrounding waters from all sites, 64% of which conferred resistances against up to 3 other antibiotic groups, additional to the beta-lactam resistances intrinsic to ESBL-producers.	beta-Lactams	180-191	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
32073605-0	2020	Uncovering novel susceptibility targets to enhance the efficacy of third-generation cephalosporins against ESBL-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli.	Cephalosporins	84-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
32073605-5	2020	RESULTS: We showed that blaCMY-23 is the major ESBL gene in EC958 responsible for mediating resistance to cefotaxime.	Cefotaxime	106-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	47-51
32380640-0	2020	Urinary Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Fosfomycin against Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli with Canine Ex Vivo Modeling: A Pilot Study.	Fosfomycin	56-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-107
32547121-18	2020	ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae showed higher resistance against tetracycline (91.1%) and cotrimoxazole (93.84%).	Tetracycline	67-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
32547121-18	2020	ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae showed higher resistance against tetracycline (91.1%) and cotrimoxazole (93.84%).	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	92-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
32380640-1	2020	Fosfomycin is a candidate drug for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria, but its efficacy is yet to be investigated in dogs.	Fosfomycin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-67
32157990-10	2020	Although multiresistant, most ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae remained susceptible to meropenem (65/65; 100%) and amikacin (64/65; 98.5%).	Meropenem	95-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	30-34
32157990-10	2020	Although multiresistant, most ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae remained susceptible to meropenem (65/65; 100%) and amikacin (64/65; 98.5%).	Amikacin	123-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	30-34
32274352-24	2020	ESBL bacteria were a frequent cause of urosepsis, requiring a change of the initial antibiotic to carbapenem.	Carbapenems	98-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
32316518-2	2020	Antibiotics dramatically modify the gut community and there are examples of how antibiotic usage lead to colonization with resistant bacteria [e.g., dicloxacillin usage selecting for ESBL-producing E. coli carriage], as shown by Hertz et al.	Dicloxacillin	149-162	EsbL	Escherichia coli	183-187
32252466-1	2020	The spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) has posed a critical health risk to both humans and animals, because resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics makes treatment for commonly infectious diseases more complicated.	beta-Lactams	32-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
31718408-4	2020	The objective of this study was to characterize the ESBL genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M types) that were most prevalent among 343 ceftazidime-resistant E. coli isolates (17 batches from 12 different farms) obtained from cloacal swabs of broiler chicken in southern Brazil.	Ceftazidime	135-146	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
31755584-0	2020	Microbial risk factors for treatment failure of pivmecillinam in community-acquired urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	48-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	119-123
32044549-3	2020	The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and moisture content (MC) on the survival of ESBL-producing E. coli during laboratory-scale composting of chicken manure.	Carbon	65-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
32044549-3	2020	The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and moisture content (MC) on the survival of ESBL-producing E. coli during laboratory-scale composting of chicken manure.	Nitrogen	72-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
32033950-0	2020	ESKAPE Bacteria and Extended-Spectrum-beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Wastewater and Process Water from German Poultry Slaughterhouses.	Water	117-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-52
31954597-0	2020	In vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against phenotypically defined extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients (SMART 2016).	ceftolozane	21-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	109-113
31954597-0	2020	In vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against phenotypically defined extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients (SMART 2016).	Tazobactam	33-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	109-113
31954597-4	2020	82.4% of isolates of ESBL-positive, carbapenemase-negative Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, compared to 1.5%, 7.8%, 20.3%, 71.1%, 94.7%, and 98.7%, respectively, for ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem.	ceftolozane	98-109	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31954597-4	2020	82.4% of isolates of ESBL-positive, carbapenemase-negative Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, compared to 1.5%, 7.8%, 20.3%, 71.1%, 94.7%, and 98.7%, respectively, for ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem.	Tazobactam	110-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31954597-4	2020	82.4% of isolates of ESBL-positive, carbapenemase-negative Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, compared to 1.5%, 7.8%, 20.3%, 71.1%, 94.7%, and 98.7%, respectively, for ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem.	Ceftriaxone	196-207	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31954597-4	2020	82.4% of isolates of ESBL-positive, carbapenemase-negative Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, compared to 1.5%, 7.8%, 20.3%, 71.1%, 94.7%, and 98.7%, respectively, for ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem.	Cefepime	209-217	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31954597-4	2020	82.4% of isolates of ESBL-positive, carbapenemase-negative Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, compared to 1.5%, 7.8%, 20.3%, 71.1%, 94.7%, and 98.7%, respectively, for ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem.	Ceftazidime	219-230	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31954597-4	2020	82.4% of isolates of ESBL-positive, carbapenemase-negative Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, compared to 1.5%, 7.8%, 20.3%, 71.1%, 94.7%, and 98.7%, respectively, for ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	232-255	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31954597-4	2020	82.4% of isolates of ESBL-positive, carbapenemase-negative Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, compared to 1.5%, 7.8%, 20.3%, 71.1%, 94.7%, and 98.7%, respectively, for ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem.	Ertapenem	257-266	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31954597-4	2020	82.4% of isolates of ESBL-positive, carbapenemase-negative Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, compared to 1.5%, 7.8%, 20.3%, 71.1%, 94.7%, and 98.7%, respectively, for ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem.	Meropenem	272-281	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31954597-5	2020	In vitro susceptibility to ceftolozane/tazobactam was >60% higher than susceptibility to other advanced-generation cephalosporins among all Enterobacteriaceae and >10% higher than susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam among ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae collected globally in 2016.	ceftolozane	27-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	228-232
31954597-5	2020	In vitro susceptibility to ceftolozane/tazobactam was >60% higher than susceptibility to other advanced-generation cephalosporins among all Enterobacteriaceae and >10% higher than susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam among ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae collected globally in 2016.	Tazobactam	39-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	228-232
31755584-1	2020	The aim of this study was to identify microbial risk factors for treatment failure of pivmecillinam in community-acquired urinary tract infections (ca-UTIs) caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	86-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	167-171
31954833-0	2020	Faropenem resistance causes in vitro cross-resistance to carbapenems in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	fropenem	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
31954833-0	2020	Faropenem resistance causes in vitro cross-resistance to carbapenems in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Carbapenems	57-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
31954833-1	2020	OBJECTIVE: Faropenem is an oral penem drug with activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including CTX-M-15-type extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriales and anaerobic bacteria.	fropenem	11-20	EsbL	Escherichia coli	165-169
31954833-9	2020	Reduced carbapenem susceptibility (ertapenem MIC >=8 mg/L, doripenem/meropenem >=2 mg/L and imipenem >=1 mg/L) developed among three CTX-M-15-producing isolates that were faropenem-resistant, but not in NSF4 isolate that lacked ESBL enzyme.	Carbapenems	8-18	EsbL	Escherichia coli	228-232
31954833-11	2020	CONCLUSION: Induced resistance to faropenem causes cross-resistance to carbapenems among E. coli isolates containing CTX-M-15-type ESBL enzymes.	fropenem	34-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	131-135
31954833-11	2020	CONCLUSION: Induced resistance to faropenem causes cross-resistance to carbapenems among E. coli isolates containing CTX-M-15-type ESBL enzymes.	Carbapenems	71-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	131-135
32110912-11	2020	and essential oils may help to reduce the prevalence of ESBL-harboring plasmids in broilers, while the effect on horizontal gene transfer is less obvious.	Oils, Volatile	4-18	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-60
31760867-1	2020	Global prevalence of ESBL-biotypes poses a serious threat to public health as a result of severity and morbidity caused by beta-lactam encoded Escherichia coli.	beta-Lactams	123-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31900849-6	2020	In the past decade, there has been a resurgence in the use of colistin as a result of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Enterobacteriaceae and carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), which retain susceptibility only to colistin.	Colistin	62-70	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-118
31963801-7	2020	The analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of the ESBL resistance genes showed that all cefotaximase-Munichs (CTX-Ms) were CTX-M-15 and that all sulfhydryl variables (SHVs) were SHV-11: 41.67% CTX-M-15-producing E. coli, 16.67% CTX-M-15+SHV-11-producing E. coli, 8.33% CTX-M-15-producing K. pneumoniae, 25% CTX-M-15+SHV-11-producing K. pneumoniae, and 8.33% CTX-M-15-produced E. cloacae.	Sulfhydryl Compounds	149-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
31963801-7	2020	The analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of the ESBL resistance genes showed that all cefotaximase-Munichs (CTX-Ms) were CTX-M-15 and that all sulfhydryl variables (SHVs) were SHV-11: 41.67% CTX-M-15-producing E. coli, 16.67% CTX-M-15+SHV-11-producing E. coli, 8.33% CTX-M-15-producing K. pneumoniae, 25% CTX-M-15+SHV-11-producing K. pneumoniae, and 8.33% CTX-M-15-produced E. cloacae.	ciguatoxin 1B (CTX 1B)	232-244	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
31963801-7	2020	The analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of the ESBL resistance genes showed that all cefotaximase-Munichs (CTX-Ms) were CTX-M-15 and that all sulfhydryl variables (SHVs) were SHV-11: 41.67% CTX-M-15-producing E. coli, 16.67% CTX-M-15+SHV-11-producing E. coli, 8.33% CTX-M-15-producing K. pneumoniae, 25% CTX-M-15+SHV-11-producing K. pneumoniae, and 8.33% CTX-M-15-produced E. cloacae.	ciguatoxin 1B (CTX 1B)	311-323	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
32120467-8	2019	ABST of ESBL producers revealed high resistance rates for quinolones (41%) and   >80%   sensitivity   for   nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, mecillinam, aminoglycosides and carbapenems.	Quinolones	58-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
32120467-8	2019	ABST of ESBL producers revealed high resistance rates for quinolones (41%) and   >80%   sensitivity   for   nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, mecillinam, aminoglycosides and carbapenems.	Nitrofurantoin	108-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
32120467-8	2019	ABST of ESBL producers revealed high resistance rates for quinolones (41%) and   >80%   sensitivity   for   nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, mecillinam, aminoglycosides and carbapenems.	Fosfomycin	124-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
32120467-8	2019	ABST of ESBL producers revealed high resistance rates for quinolones (41%) and   >80%   sensitivity   for   nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, mecillinam, aminoglycosides and carbapenems.	Amdinocillin	136-146	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
32120467-8	2019	ABST of ESBL producers revealed high resistance rates for quinolones (41%) and   >80%   sensitivity   for   nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, mecillinam, aminoglycosides and carbapenems.	Aminoglycosides	148-163	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
32120467-8	2019	ABST of ESBL producers revealed high resistance rates for quinolones (41%) and   >80%   sensitivity   for   nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, mecillinam, aminoglycosides and carbapenems.	Carbapenems	168-179	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
32120467-12	2019	>80% ESBL   organisms   show   high sensitivity   for aminoglycosides, carbapenems, nitrofurantoin, mecillinam and fosfomycin.	Aminoglycosides	54-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
32120467-12	2019	>80% ESBL   organisms   show   high sensitivity   for aminoglycosides, carbapenems, nitrofurantoin, mecillinam and fosfomycin.	Carbapenems	71-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
32120467-12	2019	>80% ESBL   organisms   show   high sensitivity   for aminoglycosides, carbapenems, nitrofurantoin, mecillinam and fosfomycin.	Nitrofurantoin	84-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
32120467-12	2019	>80% ESBL   organisms   show   high sensitivity   for aminoglycosides, carbapenems, nitrofurantoin, mecillinam and fosfomycin.	Amdinocillin	100-110	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
32120467-12	2019	>80% ESBL   organisms   show   high sensitivity   for aminoglycosides, carbapenems, nitrofurantoin, mecillinam and fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	115-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
31949454-5	2019	Results: ESBL-producing samples had higher antibiotic resistance rates than ESBL-non-producing samples: ceftriaxone (58.8% vs. 27.3%), cefotaxime (73.5% vs. 30.3%), ceftizoxime (76.5% vs. 33.3%), cefixime (79.4% vs. 40.9%), and cefpodoxime (73.5% vs. 53%), except for carbenicillin (29.4% vs. 48.5%).	Ceftriaxone	104-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
31949454-5	2019	Results: ESBL-producing samples had higher antibiotic resistance rates than ESBL-non-producing samples: ceftriaxone (58.8% vs. 27.3%), cefotaxime (73.5% vs. 30.3%), ceftizoxime (76.5% vs. 33.3%), cefixime (79.4% vs. 40.9%), and cefpodoxime (73.5% vs. 53%), except for carbenicillin (29.4% vs. 48.5%).	Cefotaxime	135-145	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
31949454-5	2019	Results: ESBL-producing samples had higher antibiotic resistance rates than ESBL-non-producing samples: ceftriaxone (58.8% vs. 27.3%), cefotaxime (73.5% vs. 30.3%), ceftizoxime (76.5% vs. 33.3%), cefixime (79.4% vs. 40.9%), and cefpodoxime (73.5% vs. 53%), except for carbenicillin (29.4% vs. 48.5%).	Ceftizoxime	165-176	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
31949454-5	2019	Results: ESBL-producing samples had higher antibiotic resistance rates than ESBL-non-producing samples: ceftriaxone (58.8% vs. 27.3%), cefotaxime (73.5% vs. 30.3%), ceftizoxime (76.5% vs. 33.3%), cefixime (79.4% vs. 40.9%), and cefpodoxime (73.5% vs. 53%), except for carbenicillin (29.4% vs. 48.5%).	Cefixime	196-204	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
31949454-5	2019	Results: ESBL-producing samples had higher antibiotic resistance rates than ESBL-non-producing samples: ceftriaxone (58.8% vs. 27.3%), cefotaxime (73.5% vs. 30.3%), ceftizoxime (76.5% vs. 33.3%), cefixime (79.4% vs. 40.9%), and cefpodoxime (73.5% vs. 53%), except for carbenicillin (29.4% vs. 48.5%).	cefpodoxime	228-239	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
31949454-5	2019	Results: ESBL-producing samples had higher antibiotic resistance rates than ESBL-non-producing samples: ceftriaxone (58.8% vs. 27.3%), cefotaxime (73.5% vs. 30.3%), ceftizoxime (76.5% vs. 33.3%), cefixime (79.4% vs. 40.9%), and cefpodoxime (73.5% vs. 53%), except for carbenicillin (29.4% vs. 48.5%).	Carbenicillin	268-281	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
31949454-6	2019	Imipenem and meropenem were the least resisted antibiotics in ESBL-producing samples (5.9% and 11.8%).	Imipenem	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	62-66
31949454-6	2019	Imipenem and meropenem were the least resisted antibiotics in ESBL-producing samples (5.9% and 11.8%).	meropenem	13-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	62-66
31949454-7	2019	Conclusion: ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae have a high resistance rate to third-generation cephalosporins and high susceptibility to imipenem and meropenem.	Cephalosporins	94-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
31949454-7	2019	Conclusion: ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae have a high resistance rate to third-generation cephalosporins and high susceptibility to imipenem and meropenem.	Imipenem	136-144	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
31949454-7	2019	Conclusion: ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae have a high resistance rate to third-generation cephalosporins and high susceptibility to imipenem and meropenem.	meropenem	149-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
31821338-5	2019	The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ESBL phenotypes and genotypes among UTI isolates of E. coli collected in the US during 2017 as well as the impact of co-resistance to oral agents such as the fluoroquinolones and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	233-262	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
31821338-7	2019	Levofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistance rates were >= 24% among all isolates and this co-resistance phenotype was considerably higher among isolates showing an ESBL phenotype (>= 59.2%) and carrying blaCTX-M-15 (>= 69.5%).	Levofloxacin	0-12	EsbL	Escherichia coli	178-182
31921034-11	2019	Our study demonstrates an increasing trend in MDR and ESBL-producing E. coli and this correlated with beta-lactam antibiotic usage for treatment of these animals.	beta-Lactams	102-113	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
31821338-8	2019	The agents with the highest potency against UTI isolates of E. coli, including ESBL isolates showing cross-resistance across oral agents, were the intravenous carbapenems.	Carbapenems	159-170	EsbL	Escherichia coli	79-83
31821338-9	2019	The results of this study indicate that new oral options with the spectrum and potency similar to the intravenous carbapenems would address a significant unmet need for the treatment of UTIs in an era of emergence and clonal expansion of ESBL isolates resistant to several classes of antimicrobial agents, including oral options.	Carbapenems	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	238-242
31629516-4	2019	In this observational prospective case study on 2 farms, we hypothesized that blanket dry cow treatment with beta-lactams would have more selective (here: increasing) effects on ESBL concentrations than selective (here: individually chosen) antibiotic dry cow therapy.	beta-Lactams	109-121	EsbL	Escherichia coli	178-182
31629516-7	2019	Both farms used narrow-spectrum penicillin combined with aminoglycosides for drying off, and the majority of ESBL isolates (93%) were co-resistant to aminoglycosides.	Aminoglycosides	150-165	EsbL	Escherichia coli	109-113
31585265-5	2019	EB analogue 4g and 4i exhibited potent antibacterial activities against E. coli-ESBL (MIC = 1-4 microg/mL) and E. coli producing NDM-1 (MIC = 4-32 microg/mL), which is superior to the traditional antibiotics (cefazolin, imipenem).	Eriochrome Blue SE	0-2	EsbL	Escherichia coli	80-84
31402069-1	2019	MICs of plazomicin were determined by agar dilution and broth microdilution in 187 ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (n = 73), carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 55) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (n = 59) clinical isolates.	plazomicin	8-18	EsbL	Escherichia coli	83-87
31558390-7	2019	Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) accounted for 43.5% of the MDROs isolated (60/138), followed by Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii (CRAB) (34.8%, 48/138) and Escherichia coli producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLp) (6.5%, 9/138).	Carbapenems	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	249-254
31635210-1	2019	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates are known to tolerate superior quinolone antimicrobials compared with other antibacterial agents.	Quinolones	107-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
31635210-1	2019	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates are known to tolerate superior quinolone antimicrobials compared with other antibacterial agents.	Quinolones	107-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
31635210-9	2019	This study suggests that an increase in ESBL-producing quinolone-resistant E. coli in a city hospital in Hyogo, Japan, was caused by the spread of subclones belonging to fimH30-non-Rx of ST131.	Quinolones	55-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-44
31632012-7	2019	The combination of simvastatin and AgNPbio demonstrated antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli producing ESBL.	Simvastatin	19-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	114-118
31695911-4	2019	After screening using ESBL-selective agar plates and species identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method, and ESBL production confirmed with the double-disc synergy test.	Agar	37-41	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
31660887-11	2019	Among ESBL- producing strains, 85.7% were resistant for cefotaxime and ceftriaxone and 71.4% for ceftazidime.	Cefotaxime	56-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
31660887-11	2019	Among ESBL- producing strains, 85.7% were resistant for cefotaxime and ceftriaxone and 71.4% for ceftazidime.	Ceftriaxone	71-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
31660887-11	2019	Among ESBL- producing strains, 85.7% were resistant for cefotaxime and ceftriaxone and 71.4% for ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	97-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
31831923-0	2019	Study of inhibitory potential and percent inhibition of oil of Syzygium aromaticum and leaves of Ocimum sanctum on ESBL enzyme from Escherichia coli in broilers of Jabalpur.	Oils	56-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
31546651-12	2019	Hexane and aqueous extracts showed antibacterial activity against ESBL Escherichia coli, and three strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL, NDM-1 +, and OXA-48 with MIC values of 500 microg/mL.	Hexanes	0-6	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
31054921-5	2019	The ESBL-EC screening was performed by using MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime.	Agar	55-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
31054921-5	2019	The ESBL-EC screening was performed by using MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime.	Cefotaxime	78-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
31147055-0	2019	Graphene/nickel oxide nanocomposites against isolated ESBL producing bacteria and A549 cancer cells.	Graphite	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
31243859-0	2019	Emerging clinical role of pivmecillinam in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by Extended Spectrum betaeta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	26-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	95-130
31243859-0	2019	Emerging clinical role of pivmecillinam in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by Extended Spectrum betaeta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	26-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
31243859-4	2019	Pivmecillinam (prodrug of mecillinam), an oral antimicrobial agent is effective against ESBL producing organisms.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	0-13	EsbL	Escherichia coli	88-92
31243859-4	2019	Pivmecillinam (prodrug of mecillinam), an oral antimicrobial agent is effective against ESBL producing organisms.	Amdinocillin	3-13	EsbL	Escherichia coli	88-92
31243859-5	2019	We analysed the sensitivity rates of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae from urine samples to mecillinam and to document if pivmecillinam is a suitable alternative option in the treatment of UTI.	Amdinocillin	93-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
31243859-12	2019	Overall 95% (935/986 isolates) of ESBL-producing urinary isolates were sensitive to mecillinam.	Amdinocillin	84-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
31243859-13	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Pivmecillinam appears to be suitable option to treat ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae causing uncomplicated UTI.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	13-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
31243859-15	2019	We recommend the use of pivmecillinam in uncomplicated UTIs because of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	24-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
31243859-16	2019	More studies on in vitro activity of mecillinam against ESBL producing organism and its use and clinical outcome should be tried in future.	Amdinocillin	37-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-60
31147055-0	2019	Graphene/nickel oxide nanocomposites against isolated ESBL producing bacteria and A549 cancer cells.	nickel monoxide	9-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
31408445-11	2019	Moreover, three ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 strains which were resistant to carbapenems carried the blaNDM-1 and blaKPC-2, two of which also bearing blaOXA-48 were resistant to all antibiotics (including Tigecycline).	Carbapenems	82-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
31544108-6	2019	Extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant isolates were subjected to bacterial species identification (API20E), genetic lineage characterization (MLST), ESBL/pAmpC genes identification (sequencing), and plasmid characterization (pMLST).	Cephalosporins	18-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	153-157
30801967-8	2019	to be ESBL/AmpC (29%).	ampc	11-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
31408445-11	2019	Moreover, three ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 strains which were resistant to carbapenems carried the blaNDM-1 and blaKPC-2, two of which also bearing blaOXA-48 were resistant to all antibiotics (including Tigecycline).	Tigecycline	210-221	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
31312006-1	2019	Clonal lineages of ESBL (Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase)-producing E. coli belonging to sequence type 131 (ST131) have disseminated globally during the last 30 years, leading to an increased prevalence of resistance to fluoroquinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins in clinical isolates of E. coli.	Fluoroquinolones	221-237	EsbL	Escherichia coli	25-57
31428078-11	2019	Results: All 18 ESBL-producing E. coli strains were resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin, and ceftriaxone.	Ampicillin	65-75	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
31428078-11	2019	Results: All 18 ESBL-producing E. coli strains were resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin, and ceftriaxone.	Cefazolin	77-86	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
31428078-11	2019	Results: All 18 ESBL-producing E. coli strains were resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin, and ceftriaxone.	Ceftriaxone	92-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
31428078-15	2019	Five of these ARGs, aadA1, aac(6")-lb-cr, flo(R), sul2 and sul1, were also present in the genomes of the ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from the same sample.	args	14-18	EsbL	Escherichia coli	105-109
31154643-7	2019	This study revealed the differentially expressed proteins involved when E. coli was incubated under bentonite and PBS condition, which implied the possibility that bentonite may promote the transfer of ESBL gene between E. coli.	Bentonite	100-109	EsbL	Escherichia coli	202-206
31154643-7	2019	This study revealed the differentially expressed proteins involved when E. coli was incubated under bentonite and PBS condition, which implied the possibility that bentonite may promote the transfer of ESBL gene between E. coli.	Lead	114-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	202-206
31505647-5	2019	RESULTS: The annual proportion of isolates of E. coli that were ESBL producing increased from 3.4% in 2007 to 11.1% in 2016 (P &lt; 0.0001); &gt;95% of ESBL-producing E. coli were susceptible to amikacin, colistin, ertapenem, meropenem and tigecycline.	Amikacin	195-203	EsbL	Escherichia coli	64-68
31505647-5	2019	RESULTS: The annual proportion of isolates of E. coli that were ESBL producing increased from 3.4% in 2007 to 11.1% in 2016 (P &lt; 0.0001); &gt;95% of ESBL-producing E. coli were susceptible to amikacin, colistin, ertapenem, meropenem and tigecycline.	Ertapenem	215-224	EsbL	Escherichia coli	64-68
31505647-5	2019	RESULTS: The annual proportion of isolates of E. coli that were ESBL producing increased from 3.4% in 2007 to 11.1% in 2016 (P &lt; 0.0001); &gt;95% of ESBL-producing E. coli were susceptible to amikacin, colistin, ertapenem, meropenem and tigecycline.	Tigecycline	240-251	EsbL	Escherichia coli	64-68
31505647-6	2019	The proportion of isolates of K. pneumoniae that were ESBL producing increased from 1.3% in 2007 to 9.7% in 2016 (P &lt; 0.0001); &gt;95% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to amikacin and meropenem.	Amikacin	190-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
31505647-6	2019	The proportion of isolates of K. pneumoniae that were ESBL producing increased from 1.3% in 2007 to 9.7% in 2016 (P &lt; 0.0001); &gt;95% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to amikacin and meropenem.	Amikacin	190-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	141-145
31379759-12	2019	In conclusion, the ST131 was the most frequent sequence type, being the H30Rx subclone responsible for the significant increase of ESBL-EC isolates since 2006.	h30rx	72-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	131-135
31312006-1	2019	Clonal lineages of ESBL (Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase)-producing E. coli belonging to sequence type 131 (ST131) have disseminated globally during the last 30 years, leading to an increased prevalence of resistance to fluoroquinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins in clinical isolates of E. coli.	Cephalosporins	260-274	EsbL	Escherichia coli	25-57
31130090-0	2019	In vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam against clinical isolates of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Italy.	Ceftazidime	21-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
31277658-3	2019	These bacteria produce an enzyme called extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) that allows it to become resistant to a wide variety of penicillins and cephalosporins.	Penicillins	136-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-72
31277658-3	2019	These bacteria produce an enzyme called extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) that allows it to become resistant to a wide variety of penicillins and cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	152-166	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-72
31225611-1	2019	OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of the recently launched beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.	Ceftazidime	112-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	169-173
31225611-1	2019	OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of the recently launched beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.	ceftolozane	138-149	EsbL	Escherichia coli	169-173
31225611-1	2019	OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of the recently launched beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.	Tazobactam	150-160	EsbL	Escherichia coli	169-173
31225611-5	2019	RESULTS: We showed here an overall better activity of ceftazidime/avibactam compared with ceftolozane/tazobactam toward ESBL-producing E. coli and P. aeruginosa.	Ceftazidime	54-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
31225611-5	2019	RESULTS: We showed here an overall better activity of ceftazidime/avibactam compared with ceftolozane/tazobactam toward ESBL-producing E. coli and P. aeruginosa.	avibactam	66-75	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
31225611-5	2019	RESULTS: We showed here an overall better activity of ceftazidime/avibactam compared with ceftolozane/tazobactam toward ESBL-producing E. coli and P. aeruginosa.	ceftolozane	90-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
31225611-5	2019	RESULTS: We showed here an overall better activity of ceftazidime/avibactam compared with ceftolozane/tazobactam toward ESBL-producing E. coli and P. aeruginosa.	Tazobactam	102-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
31225611-10	2019	Excellent activity of ceftazidime/avibactam was highlighted for both ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa.	Ceftazidime	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
31225611-10	2019	Excellent activity of ceftazidime/avibactam was highlighted for both ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa.	Ceftazidime	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
31225611-10	2019	Excellent activity of ceftazidime/avibactam was highlighted for both ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa.	avibactam	34-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
31225611-10	2019	Excellent activity of ceftazidime/avibactam was highlighted for both ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa.	avibactam	34-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
31130090-0	2019	In vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam against clinical isolates of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Italy.	avibactam	33-42	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
31130090-3	2019	Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is a new combination of a third generation cephalosporin and a non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor, in which avibactam is capable to expand the ceftazidime activity also against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Ceftazidime	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	245-249
31130090-3	2019	Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is a new combination of a third generation cephalosporin and a non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor, in which avibactam is capable to expand the ceftazidime activity also against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	avibactam	12-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	245-249
31130090-3	2019	Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is a new combination of a third generation cephalosporin and a non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor, in which avibactam is capable to expand the ceftazidime activity also against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	avibactam, ceftazidime drug combination	23-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	245-249
31130090-3	2019	Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is a new combination of a third generation cephalosporin and a non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor, in which avibactam is capable to expand the ceftazidime activity also against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	avibactam	142-151	EsbL	Escherichia coli	245-249
30852104-6	2019	On multivariate analysis, the time to recurrence and history of cephalosporin usage in the last 6 months were identified as risk factors for recurrence with ESBL-producing E. coli per se (odds ratio [OR] = 0.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8-1.0, p = 0.030 and OR = 27.0, 95% CI 2.4-299.8, p = 0.007, respectively).	Cephalosporins	64-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
31130090-5	2019	The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of CZA, in comparison to ceftazidime (CAZ), against 90 ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, collected from blood and urine samples at our Institute.	avibactam, ceftazidime drug combination	63-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
31258896-1	2019	Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of fosfomycin in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Fosfomycin	66-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	186-190
31061148-1	2019	A novel antibiotic combination of the oral cephalosporin ceftibuten (CTB) and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate (CLA) is currently in development for urinary tract infections, including those caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms.	cephalosporin ceftibuten	43-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	209-241
31061148-1	2019	A novel antibiotic combination of the oral cephalosporin ceftibuten (CTB) and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate (CLA) is currently in development for urinary tract infections, including those caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms.	cephalosporin ceftibuten	43-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	243-247
31061148-1	2019	A novel antibiotic combination of the oral cephalosporin ceftibuten (CTB) and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate (CLA) is currently in development for urinary tract infections, including those caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms.	Ceftibuten	69-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	209-241
31061148-1	2019	A novel antibiotic combination of the oral cephalosporin ceftibuten (CTB) and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate (CLA) is currently in development for urinary tract infections, including those caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms.	Ceftibuten	69-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	243-247
31061148-1	2019	A novel antibiotic combination of the oral cephalosporin ceftibuten (CTB) and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate (CLA) is currently in development for urinary tract infections, including those caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms.	Clavulanic Acid	107-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	209-241
31061148-1	2019	A novel antibiotic combination of the oral cephalosporin ceftibuten (CTB) and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate (CLA) is currently in development for urinary tract infections, including those caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms.	Clavulanic Acid	107-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	243-247
31061148-1	2019	A novel antibiotic combination of the oral cephalosporin ceftibuten (CTB) and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate (CLA) is currently in development for urinary tract infections, including those caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms.	Clavulanic Acid	120-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	209-241
31061148-1	2019	A novel antibiotic combination of the oral cephalosporin ceftibuten (CTB) and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate (CLA) is currently in development for urinary tract infections, including those caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms.	Clavulanic Acid	120-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	243-247
31061148-2	2019	This study aimed to identify the pharmacodynamic index and magnitude of this index for CLA, when combined with a fixed CTB exposure (~59% free time above the CTB-CLA MIC) against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (CTB-CLA MICs of 0.25/0.125 to 1/0.5 mug/ml) using the in vitro chemostat model.	Clavulanic Acid	87-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	179-183
31244995-0	2019	Distribution of quinolone resistance gene (qnr) in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.	Quinolones	16-25	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-55
31244995-10	2019	Conclusion: This study identified quinolone resistance (qnr) gene in ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp.	Quinolones	34-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
31579237-1	2019	BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms inactivate extended beta-lactam antibiotics and monobactams and also exhibit coresistance to many other classes of antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	30-41	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
31579237-1	2019	BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms inactivate extended beta-lactam antibiotics and monobactams and also exhibit coresistance to many other classes of antibiotics.	Monobactams	120-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-44
31579237-1	2019	BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms inactivate extended beta-lactam antibiotics and monobactams and also exhibit coresistance to many other classes of antibiotics.	Monobactams	120-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
31579237-4	2019	ESBL detection was confirmed by minimal inhibitory concentration method using agar dilution technique for those who screened positive by ceftazidime (30 mug) disc.	Ceftazidime	137-148	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
31258896-4	2019	In vitro susceptibility to fosfomycin of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Citrobacter freundii isolates was tested according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing methodology.	Fosfomycin	27-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
31258896-11	2019	Conclusions: Fosfomycin may be a valid option for oral treatment of cUTIs caused by ESBL-producing pathogens.	Fosfomycin	13-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	84-88
31028030-6	2019	This study clearly demonstrates an initial decrease in ESBL/AmpC-positive E. coli following the cessation of ceftiofur in the hatchery but an increase in antimicrobial non-beta-lactam resistance of ESBL/AmpC-positive E. coli following replacement with lincomycin-spectinomycin.IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem.	ceftiofur	109-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
30753489-13	2019	CONCLUSIONS: The presence of ESBL/AmpC could only be partly explained by AMU.	N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid	73-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
31354318-0	2019	Pivmecillinam compared to other antimicrobials for community-acquired urinary tract infections with Escherichia coli, ESBL-producing or not - a retrospective cohort study.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	0-13	EsbL	Escherichia coli	118-122
31354318-1	2019	Objectives: To compare the therapeutic effect of pivmecillinam and other common oral antibiotics for community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)- or non-ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	49-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	162-194
31354318-1	2019	Objectives: To compare the therapeutic effect of pivmecillinam and other common oral antibiotics for community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)- or non-ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	49-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	196-200
31354318-1	2019	Objectives: To compare the therapeutic effect of pivmecillinam and other common oral antibiotics for community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)- or non-ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	49-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	210-214
31354318-9	2019	Compared to pivmecillinam, ciprofloxacin had significantly lower treatment failure for non-ESBL E. coli, but significantly higher treatment failure in ESBL E. coli.	Ciprofloxacin	27-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	91-95
31354318-9	2019	Compared to pivmecillinam, ciprofloxacin had significantly lower treatment failure for non-ESBL E. coli, but significantly higher treatment failure in ESBL E. coli.	Ciprofloxacin	27-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	151-155
31171749-0	2019	Synergistic evaluation of AgO2 nanoparticles with ceftriaxone against CTXM and blaSHV genes positive ESBL producing clinical strains of Uro-pathogenic E. coli.	Ceftriaxone	50-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	101-105
31171749-7	2019	This study also described the effect of AgO2-NPs having synergistic activity with beta lactam antibiotic i.e. ceftriaxone against ESBL generating Escherichia coli (E. coli).	beta-Lactams	82-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	130-134
31171749-7	2019	This study also described the effect of AgO2-NPs having synergistic activity with beta lactam antibiotic i.e. ceftriaxone against ESBL generating Escherichia coli (E. coli).	Ceftriaxone	110-121	EsbL	Escherichia coli	130-134
31171749-9	2019	The synergistic activities of AgO2-NPs with ceftriaxone suggest that these combinations are effective against MDR-ESBL E. coli strains as evident by increase in zone sizes.	Ceftriaxone	44-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	114-118
31270992-10	2019	Among ESBL, antimicrobial susceptibility of piperacillin/tazobactam was significantly higher in E. coli and ciprofloxacin was significantly higher in K. pneumoniae.	Piperacillin	44-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
31270992-10	2019	Among ESBL, antimicrobial susceptibility of piperacillin/tazobactam was significantly higher in E. coli and ciprofloxacin was significantly higher in K. pneumoniae.	Tazobactam	57-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
31270992-10	2019	Among ESBL, antimicrobial susceptibility of piperacillin/tazobactam was significantly higher in E. coli and ciprofloxacin was significantly higher in K. pneumoniae.	Ciprofloxacin	108-121	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
31190913-2	2019	We compare empirical treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam versus cefuroxime for Escherichia coli bacteremia with regard to 14 days mortality, in a low prevalence cohort of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli.	Piperacillin	36-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	174-206
30445209-12	2019	Resistance to amikacin, meropenem and tigecycline was low among E. coli and K. pneumoniae and the ESBL-producing subset (&lt;=5.9%).	Amikacin	14-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-102
31145725-8	2019	A potential infector was identified in the CPI network for 80% (16/20) of ESBL-KP acquisition episodes.	methyl 2-isocyano-2-methylpropanoate	43-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	74-78
31156579-8	2019	Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) containing E. coli with the bla ctx-M was found in three water and nine fecal isolates while bla cmy-2 in 19 water and 16 fecal isolates.	Water	97-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
31156579-8	2019	Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) containing E. coli with the bla ctx-M was found in three water and nine fecal isolates while bla cmy-2 in 19 water and 16 fecal isolates.	Water	97-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
31156579-8	2019	Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) containing E. coli with the bla ctx-M was found in three water and nine fecal isolates while bla cmy-2 in 19 water and 16 fecal isolates.	Water	149-154	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
31156579-8	2019	Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) containing E. coli with the bla ctx-M was found in three water and nine fecal isolates while bla cmy-2 in 19 water and 16 fecal isolates.	Water	149-154	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
31156579-10	2019	MLST identified ESBL E. coli belonging to the clinically relevant ST131 clone in six fecal and one water isolate.	Water	99-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
31190913-2	2019	We compare empirical treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam versus cefuroxime for Escherichia coli bacteremia with regard to 14 days mortality, in a low prevalence cohort of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli.	Tazobactam	49-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	174-206
32045373-9	2019	Among the 22 ESBL isolates resistant to gentamicin and amikacin, the 16SrRNA methylase genes were detected in 4 isolates.	Gentamicins	40-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
31130932-8	2019	Pathogenic and non-extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (non-ESBL) E. coli isolates each showed significantly higher MIC values compared to commensals and ESBL-producing E. coli in pure glyphosate, but not in the complete formulation.	glyphosate	182-192	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
30753471-1	2019	OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the presence of the crpP gene, which encodes an enzymatic mechanism of antibiotic phosphorylation that decreases ciprofloxacin susceptibility, in ESBL-producing clinical isolates and its effect in transconjugants.	Ciprofloxacin	149-162	EsbL	Escherichia coli	182-186
31190908-0	2019	Simulating moxalactam dosage for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae using blood antimicrobial surveillance network data.	Moxalactam	11-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	33-65
32045373-9	2019	Among the 22 ESBL isolates resistant to gentamicin and amikacin, the 16SrRNA methylase genes were detected in 4 isolates.	Amikacin	55-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
31118698-6	2019	IAI E. coli ESBL-producing isolates were most susceptible to IPM (97.2%) and AMK (93.9%), and UTI-associated E. coli ESBL-producers were 94.74% susceptible to amikacin (AMK), 97.02% to imipenem (IPM), and 91.4% to ertapenem (ETP).	Imipenem	61-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
31118698-6	2019	IAI E. coli ESBL-producing isolates were most susceptible to IPM (97.2%) and AMK (93.9%), and UTI-associated E. coli ESBL-producers were 94.74% susceptible to amikacin (AMK), 97.02% to imipenem (IPM), and 91.4% to ertapenem (ETP).	Amikacin	159-167	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
31118698-6	2019	IAI E. coli ESBL-producing isolates were most susceptible to IPM (97.2%) and AMK (93.9%), and UTI-associated E. coli ESBL-producers were 94.74% susceptible to amikacin (AMK), 97.02% to imipenem (IPM), and 91.4% to ertapenem (ETP).	Amikacin	159-167	EsbL	Escherichia coli	117-121
31118698-6	2019	IAI E. coli ESBL-producing isolates were most susceptible to IPM (97.2%) and AMK (93.9%), and UTI-associated E. coli ESBL-producers were 94.74% susceptible to amikacin (AMK), 97.02% to imipenem (IPM), and 91.4% to ertapenem (ETP).	Imipenem	185-193	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
31118698-6	2019	IAI E. coli ESBL-producing isolates were most susceptible to IPM (97.2%) and AMK (93.9%), and UTI-associated E. coli ESBL-producers were 94.74% susceptible to amikacin (AMK), 97.02% to imipenem (IPM), and 91.4% to ertapenem (ETP).	Imipenem	195-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
31118698-6	2019	IAI E. coli ESBL-producing isolates were most susceptible to IPM (97.2%) and AMK (93.9%), and UTI-associated E. coli ESBL-producers were 94.74% susceptible to amikacin (AMK), 97.02% to imipenem (IPM), and 91.4% to ertapenem (ETP).	Ertapenem	214-223	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
31118698-6	2019	IAI E. coli ESBL-producing isolates were most susceptible to IPM (97.2%) and AMK (93.9%), and UTI-associated E. coli ESBL-producers were 94.74% susceptible to amikacin (AMK), 97.02% to imipenem (IPM), and 91.4% to ertapenem (ETP).	Ertapenem	225-228	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
31118698-7	2019	IAI K. pneumoniae ESBL-producing isolates were most susceptible to AMK (84.43%) and IPM (82.79%), and UTI-associated K. pneumoniae ESBL-producers were 88.39% susceptible to AMK, 87.5% to IPM, and 82.14% to ETP.	Imipenem	84-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
31118698-7	2019	IAI K. pneumoniae ESBL-producing isolates were most susceptible to AMK (84.43%) and IPM (82.79%), and UTI-associated K. pneumoniae ESBL-producers were 88.39% susceptible to AMK, 87.5% to IPM, and 82.14% to ETP.	Ertapenem	206-209	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
30977317-5	2019	The independent predictors of CO-BSIs caused by ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella species included: 1) identification of ESBL-producing microorganisms from any clinical culture within one year of admission, 2) beta-lactam or fluoroquinolone treatment within 30 days (with 2 or more courses within 90 days; with 1 course within 90 days), 3) hospitalization within one year, 4) the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter at the time of admission.	beta-Lactams	214-225	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-52
30977317-5	2019	The independent predictors of CO-BSIs caused by ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella species included: 1) identification of ESBL-producing microorganisms from any clinical culture within one year of admission, 2) beta-lactam or fluoroquinolone treatment within 30 days (with 2 or more courses within 90 days; with 1 course within 90 days), 3) hospitalization within one year, 4) the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter at the time of admission.	Fluoroquinolones	229-244	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-52
30977317-5	2019	The independent predictors of CO-BSIs caused by ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella species included: 1) identification of ESBL-producing microorganisms from any clinical culture within one year of admission, 2) beta-lactam or fluoroquinolone treatment within 30 days (with 2 or more courses within 90 days; with 1 course within 90 days), 3) hospitalization within one year, 4) the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter at the time of admission.	Fluoroquinolones	229-244	EsbL	Escherichia coli	125-129
30942772-5	2019	Of the 65 carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CREC) isolates, 62% were positive for more than one and 31% were positive for two or more of carbapenemase and ESBL genes targeted.	Carbapenems	10-20	EsbL	Escherichia coli	151-155
30561662-10	2019	An ESBL phenotype was seen in the E. coli transformant when applying the CLSI double-disc confirmatory test for E. coli.	clsi	73-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
33536830-13	2019	ESBL-positive E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains were most sensitive to carbapenem-class antibiotics, amikacin, and colistin.	Carbapenems	71-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
30923328-3	2019	Pectin capped platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) at sub MIC (20 microM) concentration was effective, in causing loss of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) harboring plasmid as evidenced by, absence of plasmid in agarose gel and by a concomitant (16-64 fold) drop in MIC for cell wall inhibitors ceftriaxone and meropenem, in carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli (CREC).	Platinum	14-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	116-148
33536830-14	2019	While there was no meropenem-resistant strain, 5 (3.3%) ertapenem-resistant and 1 (0.7%) imipenem-resistant ESBL E. coli strains were detected.	Imipenem	89-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-112
33536830-15	2019	The ESBL K. pneumoniae strain resistance rate to ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem was 12%, 11.2%, and 11.1%, respectively.	Ertapenem	49-58	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33536830-15	2019	The ESBL K. pneumoniae strain resistance rate to ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem was 12%, 11.2%, and 11.1%, respectively.	Imipenem	60-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
33536830-15	2019	The ESBL K. pneumoniae strain resistance rate to ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem was 12%, 11.2%, and 11.1%, respectively.	Meropenem	74-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
32040455-10	2019	were ESBL producers, susceptible to tigecycline.	Tigecycline	36-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
33536830-13	2019	ESBL-positive E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains were most sensitive to carbapenem-class antibiotics, amikacin, and colistin.	Amikacin	101-109	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
32974491-0	2019	Assessment of urinary pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of faropenem against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli with canine ex vivo modelling: a pilot study.	fropenem	70-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	88-120
30388219-0	2019	OXA-1 beta-lactamase and non-susceptibility to penicillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Penicillins	47-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	102-106
30872947-0	2019	Frequency of quinolone resistance genes among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections.	Quinolones	13-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-78
30872947-0	2019	Frequency of quinolone resistance genes among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections.	Quinolones	13-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	80-84
30872947-11	2019	Conclusions: Resistance to quinolones antibiotics was highest among ESBL-producing isolates harboring, especially qnrS among other determinants of the qnr gene.	Quinolones	27-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
30906330-2	2019	This study quantified and described ESBL- and KPC-producing E. coli in Northern Colorado from sewer water, surface water, and influent and effluent wastewater treatment sources.	Water	100-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	36-40
30906330-6	2019	The total E. coli abundance decreased through the water treatment process as expected, yet the percentages of E. coli harboring ESBL resistance were increased (1.70%) in surface water.	Water	178-183	EsbL	Escherichia coli	128-132
30361635-0	2019	Inhibition effect of flavophospholipol on conjugative transfer of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and vanA genes.	Bambermycins	21-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	70-102
30850706-9	2019	These findings suggest that tap water in high income countries could serve as an important source of community exposure to ESBL and carbapenemase genes, and that these genes may be disseminated by non-Enterobacteriaceae that are not detected as part of standard microbiological water quality testing.	Water	32-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	123-127
30805183-13	2019	Extended spectrum ss-lactamase (ESBL) -production was the most common mechanism for ceftriaxone resistance (89%, 341/382).	Ceftriaxone	84-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
30778339-1	2019	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase (pAmpC) genes confer resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporin"s.	Cephalosporins	134-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
30239888-10	2019	Our results suggest that comprehensive surveillance and more prudent use of third-generation cephalosporins in commercial layer farms is necessary to prevent the dissemination of ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli.	Cephalosporins	93-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	179-183
30396720-0	2019	In vitro activity of temocillin against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from urinary tract infections in France.	temocillin	21-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-72
30396720-1	2019	OBJECTIVES: Temocillin was introduced in 2015 in the French guidelines for the treatment of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae urinary tract infections.	temocillin	12-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-124
30396720-1	2019	OBJECTIVES: Temocillin was introduced in 2015 in the French guidelines for the treatment of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae urinary tract infections.	temocillin	12-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	126-130
30396720-3	2019	We investigated the in vitro activity of temocillin against ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from samples of cytobacteriological examinations of urine.	temocillin	41-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	60-64
32032026-1	2019	INTRODUCTION: We aimed to demonstrate if fosfomycin tromethamine (FT) treatment could be the treatment of choice in ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains as an alternative to carbapenem particularly in patients who we would like to treat on an outpatient basis.	Fosfomycin	66-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	116-120
32032026-11	2019	CONCLUSION: Oral fosfomycin tromethamine might be the treatment of choice in ESBL-producing enterobactericea related UTIs especially caused by Escherichia Coli.	Fosfomycin	17-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	77-81
30509935-0	2019	Carbapenem versus Cefepime or Piperacillin-Tazobactam for Empiric Treatment of Bacteremia Due to Extended-Spectrum-beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Patients with Hematologic Malignancy.	Carbapenems	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-129
32032026-1	2019	INTRODUCTION: We aimed to demonstrate if fosfomycin tromethamine (FT) treatment could be the treatment of choice in ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains as an alternative to carbapenem particularly in patients who we would like to treat on an outpatient basis.	Fosfomycin	41-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	116-120
30766796-3	2019	Limited reports support the use of fosfomycin for chronic prostatitis by ESBL-producing bacteria.	Fosfomycin	35-45	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
30766796-8	2019	Experience with fosfomycin for chronic prostatitis caused by ESBL-producing E. coli is limited to three case reports and two case series.	Fosfomycin	16-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-65
30766796-10	2019	Accordingly, our report suggests that fosfomycin can be used as eradication therapy in a patient with a prior history of chronic prostatitis by ESBL-producing bacteria with recurring urinary infections after surgical treatment.	Fosfomycin	38-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	144-148
29748922-1	2019	Fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides offer effective therapy for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacterial infections, but their usefulness is threatened by increasing resistant strains.	Aminoglycosides	21-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
29748922-1	2019	Fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides offer effective therapy for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacterial infections, but their usefulness is threatened by increasing resistant strains.	Fluoroquinolones	0-16	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
31429616-12	2019	ESBL-producing strains were more frequently resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (72% vs 25%) and ciprofloxacin (73% vs 5%) than strains not producing ESBL.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	57-86	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
31429616-12	2019	ESBL-producing strains were more frequently resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (72% vs 25%) and ciprofloxacin (73% vs 5%) than strains not producing ESBL.	Ciprofloxacin	104-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
30236958-1	2019	This study aimed to evaluate the potential synergistic and bactericidal effects of mecillinam in combination with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	Amdinocillin	83-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	154-186
30236958-1	2019	This study aimed to evaluate the potential synergistic and bactericidal effects of mecillinam in combination with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	Amoxicillin	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	154-186
30236958-1	2019	This study aimed to evaluate the potential synergistic and bactericidal effects of mecillinam in combination with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	Clavulanic Acid	130-145	EsbL	Escherichia coli	154-186
30613678-10	2018	When ESBL E. coli is confirmed, carbapenem antibiotics should be promptly administered, as was done efficaciously with this patient.	Carbapenems	32-42	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
30917252-3	2019	All studied strains regardless of ESBL production were sensitive to imipenem, the majority showed sensitivity to ertapenem, gentamicin and resistance to doxycycline.	Imipenem	68-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
30651898-1	2018	Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are the major extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing organisms increasingly isolated as causes of complicated urinary tract infections and remain an important cause of failure of therapy with cephalosporins and have serious infection control consequence.	Cephalosporins	260-274	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-101
30564308-6	2018	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was produced in 15.9 and 20.9%E.coli and K.pneumoniaeisolates, respectively.	.pneumoniaeisolates	82-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
30373807-5	2019	Similarly, ceftobiprole was highly active against Enterobacteriaceae isolates that did not exhibit an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype, including Escherichia coli (99.8% susceptible) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (99.6% susceptible).	ceftobiprole	11-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	102-134
30475879-0	2018	Antibiotic-resistant indicator bacteria in irrigation water: High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	Water	54-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	114-118
30475879-11	2018	Finally, the high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli with transmissible ARG emphasizes the need to establish legal critical values and monitoring guidelines for ARB in irrigation water.	Arginine	74-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
30475879-3	2018	We therefore examined irrigation water from major vegetable growing areas for occurrence of antibiotic-resistant indicator bacteria Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp., including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp.	irrigation water	22-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	216-220
30475879-11	2018	Finally, the high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli with transmissible ARG emphasizes the need to establish legal critical values and monitoring guidelines for ARB in irrigation water.	beta-L-Arabinose	163-166	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
30532496-12	2018	Antibiogram of these ESBL-positive isolates revealed the drugs such as colistin (100%), levofloxacin (83.33%), and imipenem (66.67%) to be highly sensitive against this pathogen but drugs such as cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (91.67%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (83.33%), tetracycline (75.00%), and gentamicin (58.33%) to be very much resistant.	Levofloxacin	88-100	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
30581868-8	2018	Carbapenems (&gt;80%) and amikacin (89.6%) had good activity against ESBL producing E. coli.	Carbapenems	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
30581868-8	2018	Carbapenems (&gt;80%) and amikacin (89.6%) had good activity against ESBL producing E. coli.	Amikacin	26-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
30532496-12	2018	Antibiogram of these ESBL-positive isolates revealed the drugs such as colistin (100%), levofloxacin (83.33%), and imipenem (66.67%) to be highly sensitive against this pathogen but drugs such as cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (91.67%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (83.33%), tetracycline (75.00%), and gentamicin (58.33%) to be very much resistant.	Imipenem	115-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
30532496-12	2018	Antibiogram of these ESBL-positive isolates revealed the drugs such as colistin (100%), levofloxacin (83.33%), and imipenem (66.67%) to be highly sensitive against this pathogen but drugs such as cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (91.67%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (83.33%), tetracycline (75.00%), and gentamicin (58.33%) to be very much resistant.	Cefotaxime	196-206	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
30532496-12	2018	Antibiogram of these ESBL-positive isolates revealed the drugs such as colistin (100%), levofloxacin (83.33%), and imipenem (66.67%) to be highly sensitive against this pathogen but drugs such as cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (91.67%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (83.33%), tetracycline (75.00%), and gentamicin (58.33%) to be very much resistant.	Ceftazidime	215-226	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
30532496-12	2018	Antibiogram of these ESBL-positive isolates revealed the drugs such as colistin (100%), levofloxacin (83.33%), and imipenem (66.67%) to be highly sensitive against this pathogen but drugs such as cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (91.67%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (83.33%), tetracycline (75.00%), and gentamicin (58.33%) to be very much resistant.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	237-264	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
30532496-12	2018	Antibiogram of these ESBL-positive isolates revealed the drugs such as colistin (100%), levofloxacin (83.33%), and imipenem (66.67%) to be highly sensitive against this pathogen but drugs such as cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (91.67%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (83.33%), tetracycline (75.00%), and gentamicin (58.33%) to be very much resistant.	Tetracycline	275-287	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
30532496-12	2018	Antibiogram of these ESBL-positive isolates revealed the drugs such as colistin (100%), levofloxacin (83.33%), and imipenem (66.67%) to be highly sensitive against this pathogen but drugs such as cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (91.67%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (83.33%), tetracycline (75.00%), and gentamicin (58.33%) to be very much resistant.	Gentamicins	302-312	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
30377552-3	2018	Infants with suspected sepsis, whose mother is from Asia or Southeast Asia, should be suspected of having an infection with an ESBL-producing organism, and practitioners should strongly consider adding a carbapenem to their usual initial antibiotic regimen.	Carbapenems	204-214	EsbL	Escherichia coli	127-131
30356296-3	2018	In the present study, we evaluated potassium clavulanate (ESBL inhibitor) as a supplement in Bolton broth (C-Bolton broth) for enrichment and detection of Campylobacter.	Clavulanic Acid	35-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
30356296-4	2018	First, we determined growth kinetics of Campylobacter in the presence of different concentrations of ESBL E. coli in C-Bolton broth during enrichment.	c-bolton broth	117-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	101-105
30356296-10	2018	In summary, the present study demonstrates the efficacy of Bolton broth supplemented with potassium clavulanate in the detection of Campylobacter mixed with ESBL E. coli, and an improved procedure to detect Campylobacter from chicken feces and litter samples.	bolton broth	59-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
30534919-0	2018	[Evaluation of susceptibility and response to therapy with piperacillin-tazobactam in patients with infections caused by Escherichia coli with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) CTX-M].	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	59-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	143-175
29912337-12	2018	The isolate also carried blaCTX-M-55, which encodes an ESBL conferring resistance to aztreonam (which completed its resistance to all clinically available beta-lactams), and rmtB, which mediates high-level resistance to aminoglycosides, on an IncFII plasmid.	Aztreonam	85-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
29912337-12	2018	The isolate also carried blaCTX-M-55, which encodes an ESBL conferring resistance to aztreonam (which completed its resistance to all clinically available beta-lactams), and rmtB, which mediates high-level resistance to aminoglycosides, on an IncFII plasmid.	beta-Lactams	155-167	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
29912337-12	2018	The isolate also carried blaCTX-M-55, which encodes an ESBL conferring resistance to aztreonam (which completed its resistance to all clinically available beta-lactams), and rmtB, which mediates high-level resistance to aminoglycosides, on an IncFII plasmid.	Aminoglycosides	220-235	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
30113467-6	2018	Resistance rates of ESBL-positive E coli ranged from 50.0% (ceftriaxone) to 88.1% (cefepime), and ESBL-negative E coli rates ranged from 3.4% (cefepime) to 64.4% (amikacin).	Ceftriaxone	60-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
29980462-1	2018	STUDY OBJECTIVE: Community-onset urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, which are resistant to ceftriaxone and usually coresistant to fluoroquinolones, are increasing worldwide.	Ceftriaxone	168-179	EsbL	Escherichia coli	109-113
29980462-1	2018	STUDY OBJECTIVE: Community-onset urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, which are resistant to ceftriaxone and usually coresistant to fluoroquinolones, are increasing worldwide.	Fluoroquinolones	207-223	EsbL	Escherichia coli	109-113
29980462-3	2018	METHODS: At an urban public hospital in Northern California, microbiology staff prospectively reviewed ED urine culture results weekly for 1 year and presumptively identified ESBL-producing isolates by ceftriaxone plus ceftazidime resistance.	Ceftriaxone	202-213	EsbL	Escherichia coli	175-179
29980462-3	2018	METHODS: At an urban public hospital in Northern California, microbiology staff prospectively reviewed ED urine culture results weekly for 1 year and presumptively identified ESBL-producing isolates by ceftriaxone plus ceftazidime resistance.	Ceftazidime	219-230	EsbL	Escherichia coli	175-179
30117050-0	2018	Ceftibuten plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for oral treatment of urinary tract infections with ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae: a retrospective observational case-series.	Ceftibuten	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
30117050-0	2018	Ceftibuten plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for oral treatment of urinary tract infections with ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae: a retrospective observational case-series.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	16-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
30117050-1	2018	This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and bacteriological effect of oral treatment with ceftibuten plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in patients with a urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing micro-organism.	Ceftibuten	92-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	232-236
30117050-1	2018	This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and bacteriological effect of oral treatment with ceftibuten plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in patients with a urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing micro-organism.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	108-135	EsbL	Escherichia coli	232-236
30117050-2	2018	In this retrospective observational case-series, oral treatment with ceftibuten 400 mg QD plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 625 mg TID for 14 days was evaluated in ten patients with pyelonephritis caused by an ESBL-positive micro-organism resistant to ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole.	Ceftibuten	69-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	209-213
30117050-13	2018	This case-series shows that the synergistic combination of ceftibuten plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid may be an option for oral treatment of UTIs caused by ESBL producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae.	Ceftibuten	59-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
30117050-13	2018	This case-series shows that the synergistic combination of ceftibuten plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid may be an option for oral treatment of UTIs caused by ESBL producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	75-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
30237728-5	2018	Additionally, the susceptibility rate gradually increased as the ratio of cefoperazone-sulbactam was adjusted from 2:1 to 1:1 and to 1:2 for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii.	cefoperazone-sulbactam	74-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	182-186
30237728-5	2018	Additionally, the susceptibility rate gradually increased as the ratio of cefoperazone-sulbactam was adjusted from 2:1 to 1:1 and to 1:2 for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii.	Carbapenems	215-225	EsbL	Escherichia coli	182-186
29982514-0	2018	Clinical and bacteriological efficacy of pivmecillinam treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli: a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	41-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	118-122
29982514-1	2018	Objectives: To compare the clinical and bacteriological outcomes of pivmecillinam treatment for community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli versus non-ESBL-producing E. coli in an outpatient setting.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	68-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
29982514-8	2018	A pivmecillinam dosage of 200 mg given three times daily for <=5 days was associated with treatment failure (OR 4.77, 95% CI 1.40-19.44, P = 0.03) for the ESBL E. coli group.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	2-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	155-159
30157275-9	2018	Of the ESBL-EC isolates, CTX-M-27 was the most prevalent (33.3%), followed by CTX-M-14 (30%).	ec	12-14	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
30157275-9	2018	Of the ESBL-EC isolates, CTX-M-27 was the most prevalent (33.3%), followed by CTX-M-14 (30%).	ctx-m-27	25-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
30157275-12	2018	The 14-day mortality non-ESBL-EC, ESBL-EC, and ESBL/IMP-6-EC was 4.7% (4/85), 20% (6/30), and 66.7% (2/3), respectively.	ec	30-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	25-29
30123199-6	2018	All ESBL producers exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, and more than 90% of the ESBL producers were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.	Amoxicillin	125-136	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-96
30123199-6	2018	All ESBL producers exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, and more than 90% of the ESBL producers were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	138-165	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-96
30123199-6	2018	All ESBL producers exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, and more than 90% of the ESBL producers were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.	Oxytetracycline	167-182	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-96
30123199-6	2018	All ESBL producers exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, and more than 90% of the ESBL producers were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.	Enrofloxacin	184-196	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
30123199-6	2018	All ESBL producers exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, and more than 90% of the ESBL producers were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.	Enrofloxacin	184-196	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-96
30123199-6	2018	All ESBL producers exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, and more than 90% of the ESBL producers were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.	Sulfamethoxazole	201-217	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
30123199-6	2018	All ESBL producers exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, and more than 90% of the ESBL producers were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.	Sulfamethoxazole	201-217	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-96
30123199-6	2018	All ESBL producers exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, and more than 90% of the ESBL producers were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.	Trimethoprim	218-230	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
30123199-6	2018	All ESBL producers exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, and more than 90% of the ESBL producers were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.	Trimethoprim	218-230	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-96
30534919-0	2018	[Evaluation of susceptibility and response to therapy with piperacillin-tazobactam in patients with infections caused by Escherichia coli with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) CTX-M].	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	59-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	177-181
30534919-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Carbapenems are the preferred beta-lactamics for treatment for infections caused by enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL); however, clinical studies show effectiveness of piperacillin/tazobactam in certain infections by Escherichia coli ESBL producers.	Carbapenems	12-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
30534919-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Carbapenems are the preferred beta-lactamics for treatment for infections caused by enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL); however, clinical studies show effectiveness of piperacillin/tazobactam in certain infections by Escherichia coli ESBL producers.	Carbapenems	12-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	277-281
30534919-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Carbapenems are the preferred beta-lactamics for treatment for infections caused by enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL); however, clinical studies show effectiveness of piperacillin/tazobactam in certain infections by Escherichia coli ESBL producers.	beta-lactamics	42-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
30534919-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Carbapenems are the preferred beta-lactamics for treatment for infections caused by enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL); however, clinical studies show effectiveness of piperacillin/tazobactam in certain infections by Escherichia coli ESBL producers.	beta-lactamics	42-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	277-281
30534919-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Carbapenems are the preferred beta-lactamics for treatment for infections caused by enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL); however, clinical studies show effectiveness of piperacillin/tazobactam in certain infections by Escherichia coli ESBL producers.	Piperacillin	211-223	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
30534919-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Carbapenems are the preferred beta-lactamics for treatment for infections caused by enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL); however, clinical studies show effectiveness of piperacillin/tazobactam in certain infections by Escherichia coli ESBL producers.	Piperacillin	211-223	EsbL	Escherichia coli	277-281
30534919-2	2018	AIM: To determine the clinical and micro-biological cure with piperacillin/tazobactam in patients with infections caused by E. coli ESBL producers, CTXM type.	Piperacillin	62-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
30534919-2	2018	AIM: To determine the clinical and micro-biological cure with piperacillin/tazobactam in patients with infections caused by E. coli ESBL producers, CTXM type.	Tazobactam	75-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
30534919-8	2018	CONCLUSIONS: Piperacillin/tazobactam was efficient to obtain clinical and microbiological cure in patients with infections caused by ESBL producers but susceptible E. coli, especially in UTI and STI and to a lesser extent in IAI.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	13-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
30146823-11	2018	Isolated E. coli with carbapenem resistance represented 47.6% of E. coli with ESBL activity.	Carbapenems	22-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	78-82
29709981-0	2018	Plasmid-Mediated AmpC beta-Lactamase and Underestimation of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase in Cefepime-Susceptible Elevated-Ceftazidime-MIC Enterobacteriaceae Isolates.	Cefepime	96-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	60-92
29709981-0	2018	Plasmid-Mediated AmpC beta-Lactamase and Underestimation of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase in Cefepime-Susceptible Elevated-Ceftazidime-MIC Enterobacteriaceae Isolates.	Ceftazidime	126-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	60-92
30013375-8	2018	CTX-M-15 was the most frequently detected ESBL, accounting for 75% of the total isolates characterized.	ctx-m-15	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-46
29502354-3	2018	A significant activity was observed for microsphere-added polyethylene coupons with a reduction of all tested bacteria populations, including Gram negative and Gram positive even expressing acquired antibiotic resistance (Escherichia coli ESBL, Staphylococcus aureus metiR).	Polyethylene	58-70	EsbL	Escherichia coli	239-243
31940298-1	2018	INTRODUCTION: Resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline is increasing in the food chain especially in E. coli strains and more worrisome will be occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers among ciprofloxacin- and tetracycline-resistant isolates.	Ciprofloxacin	28-41	EsbL	Escherichia coli	162-194
30033423-7	2018	95% of ESBL producing isolates were multidrug resistant and tazobactam/piperacillin combination and imipenem are good choices with 100% and 97% susceptibility respectively.	Tazobactam	60-70	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
30033423-7	2018	95% of ESBL producing isolates were multidrug resistant and tazobactam/piperacillin combination and imipenem are good choices with 100% and 97% susceptibility respectively.	Piperacillin	71-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
30033423-7	2018	95% of ESBL producing isolates were multidrug resistant and tazobactam/piperacillin combination and imipenem are good choices with 100% and 97% susceptibility respectively.	Imipenem	100-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
31940298-1	2018	INTRODUCTION: Resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline is increasing in the food chain especially in E. coli strains and more worrisome will be occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers among ciprofloxacin- and tetracycline-resistant isolates.	Tetracycline	46-58	EsbL	Escherichia coli	162-194
31940298-1	2018	INTRODUCTION: Resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline is increasing in the food chain especially in E. coli strains and more worrisome will be occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers among ciprofloxacin- and tetracycline-resistant isolates.	Ciprofloxacin	218-231	EsbL	Escherichia coli	162-194
31940298-1	2018	INTRODUCTION: Resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline is increasing in the food chain especially in E. coli strains and more worrisome will be occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers among ciprofloxacin- and tetracycline-resistant isolates.	Tetracycline	237-249	EsbL	Escherichia coli	162-194
29914198-8	2018	The majority of the Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli isolates from river water and sediment in all different seasons belonged to phylogenetic group A or B1.	Water	98-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-52
29914198-8	2018	The majority of the Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli isolates from river water and sediment in all different seasons belonged to phylogenetic group A or B1.	Water	98-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
29983750-9	2018	For one strain we even found the opposite as PCV17433 was out-competed by a commensal strain, which suggests an even protective role of the ESBL-plasmid carried by the WT17433.	pcv17433	45-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	140-144
29907090-13	2018	Compared with the non-ESBL and ciprofloxacin-susceptible groups, the ESBL and ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible groups showed significantly higher rates of O25b-ST131 positivity.	Ciprofloxacin	31-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
28992981-10	2018	Fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin were very active on E. coli ESBL.	Fosfomycin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
29064348-2	2018	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of fosfomycin against urinary ESBL-producing isolates of Enterobacteriaceae.	Fosfomycin	67-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
29064348-7	2018	Of all the antibiotics tested, fosfomycin was the most active antimicrobial agent (97%) against the ESBL-positive isolates.	Fosfomycin	31-41	EsbL	Escherichia coli	100-104
29064348-8	2018	Fosfomycin maintained higher activity against ESBL-Escherichia coli than against ESBL-Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Fosfomycin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
29064348-11	2018	We showed that fosfomycin had a numerically higher susceptibility rate than the other antibiotics against the ESBL-producing isolates of the most common Enterobacteriaceae.	Fosfomycin	15-25	EsbL	Escherichia coli	110-114
29064348-12	2018	Given its low resistance rate and oral administration, fosfomycin may be deemed a promising antibiotic for the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Fosfomycin	55-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	159-163
28953418-3	2018	Moreover, resistance to the fluoroquinolones enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin occurred in 15 of 22 ESBL-producing isolates (68.2%).	Fluoroquinolones	28-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
28953418-3	2018	Moreover, resistance to the fluoroquinolones enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin occurred in 15 of 22 ESBL-producing isolates (68.2%).	Enrofloxacin	45-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
28953418-3	2018	Moreover, resistance to the fluoroquinolones enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin occurred in 15 of 22 ESBL-producing isolates (68.2%).	marbofloxacin	62-75	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
28992981-10	2018	Fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin were very active on E. coli ESBL.	Nitrofurantoin	15-29	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
28992981-11	2018	CONCLUSIONS: ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae were prevalent, especially the latter, with a significant resistance to ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole.	Ciprofloxacin	126-139	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
28992981-11	2018	CONCLUSIONS: ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae were prevalent, especially the latter, with a significant resistance to ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	144-157	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
29037802-5	2018	Cefoperazone-sulbactam at a 1:1 ratio had a higher susceptibility rate against ESBL-producing E. coli, carbapenem-resistant E. coli, and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii than cefoperazone-sulbactam at a 2:1 ratio (all P &lt; 0.05).	cefoperazone-sulbactam	0-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	79-83
29682477-5	2018	The isolates of ESBL were confirmed by ceftazidime/clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid method.	Ceftazidime	39-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
29682477-5	2018	The isolates of ESBL were confirmed by ceftazidime/clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid method.	Clavulanic Acid	51-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
29682477-5	2018	The isolates of ESBL were confirmed by ceftazidime/clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid method.	Cefotaxime	71-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
29682477-5	2018	The isolates of ESBL were confirmed by ceftazidime/clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid method.	Clavulanic Acid	82-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
29037802-6	2018	For ESBL-producing E. coli, the susceptibility rate of cefoperazone-sulbactam at ratios of (1:1) and (2:1) decreased from 97.0 to 87.9% and 90.9 to 60.6%, for normal to high inoculum, respectively.	cefoperazone-sulbactam	55-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
29037802-7	2018	For ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, both susceptibility rate of cefoperazone-sulbactam at ratios of (1:1) and (2:1) decreased from 75.8%, and 63.6% at normal inoculum to 51.5% and 42.4% at high inoculum.	Cefoperazone	62-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
29037802-7	2018	For ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, both susceptibility rate of cefoperazone-sulbactam at ratios of (1:1) and (2:1) decreased from 75.8%, and 63.6% at normal inoculum to 51.5% and 42.4% at high inoculum.	Sulbactam	75-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
29535301-1	2018	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) strains are emerging around the world as a source of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime.	beta-Lactams	18-29	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-65
29535301-1	2018	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) strains are emerging around the world as a source of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime.	Ampicillin	169-179	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-65
29535301-1	2018	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) strains are emerging around the world as a source of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime.	Cefotaxime	181-191	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-65
29535301-1	2018	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) strains are emerging around the world as a source of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	197-208	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-65
30100654-11	2018	A significant association was found between ESBL-producing uropathogens against ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid resistance (P &lt; 0.05).	Ciprofloxacin	80-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
30100654-11	2018	A significant association was found between ESBL-producing uropathogens against ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid resistance (P &lt; 0.05).	Enoxacin	95-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
30100654-11	2018	A significant association was found between ESBL-producing uropathogens against ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid resistance (P &lt; 0.05).	Amoxicillin	109-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
30100654-11	2018	A significant association was found between ESBL-producing uropathogens against ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid resistance (P &lt; 0.05).	Clavulanic Acid	121-136	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
29519514-0	2018	Prevalence of ESBL/AmpC genes and specific clones among the third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from canine and feline clinical specimens in Japan.	Cephalosporins	77-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
29391816-0	2018	Antibacterial effect evaluation of moxalactam against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with in vitro pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics simulation.	Moxalactam	35-45	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-86
29112760-3	2018	First, using 20 strains of ESBL-producing E. coli and 13 Campylobacter strains, we found 4 mug/mL of tazobactam to be optimal for inhibiting the ESBL-producing E. coli while allowing the growth of all tested Campylobacter strains.	Tazobactam	101-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
29563719-7	2018	Colistin and fosfomycin remains the most sensitive antibiotic while nitrofurantoin still preserves the good sensitivity against ESBL and found to be an only oral sensitive antibiotic.	Nitrofurantoin	68-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	128-132
29642826-1	2018	In recent years, the ST131 clone was identified as a high risk pandemic clone among Escherichia coli isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) studies and has been associated with extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production (often with CTX-M-15) and antibiotic resistance especially against fluoroquinolones.	Fluoroquinolones	302-318	EsbL	Escherichia coli	218-222
29642826-12	2018	In conclusion, further investigation of the high risk E.coli ST131 clone in our country, in which ESBL ratios and antibiotic resistance rates, especially in fluoroquinolones, are high, is important for the development of new strategies to control antibiotic resistance.	Fluoroquinolones	157-173	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-102
29112760-2	2018	We evaluated tazobactam (an ESBL inhibitor) to supplement Bolton enrichment broth (Tz-Bolton broth) for the selective isolation of Campylobacter in chicken carcass rinses.	Tazobactam	13-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
29411729-2	2018	AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the fecal carriage of ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in community and to investigate cefotaxime-M (CTX-M) genes among ESBL isolates.	Cefotaxime	156-166	EsbL	Escherichia coli	189-193
29112760-3	2018	First, using 20 strains of ESBL-producing E. coli and 13 Campylobacter strains, we found 4 mug/mL of tazobactam to be optimal for inhibiting the ESBL-producing E. coli while allowing the growth of all tested Campylobacter strains.	Tazobactam	101-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	145-149
29924280-2	2018	Aiming to determine the sensitivity to fosfomycin, a study was conducted in ESBL-producing E. coli strains isolated from urine cultures at a hospital in Peru.	Fosfomycin	39-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
29409967-9	2018	Majority of these ESBL-positive isolates were resistant to antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin (74%) and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (73%) that are commonly used for treatment of community-acquired urinary tract infections.	Ciprofloxacin	79-92	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
29409967-9	2018	Majority of these ESBL-positive isolates were resistant to antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin (74%) and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (73%) that are commonly used for treatment of community-acquired urinary tract infections.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	103-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
29924280-5	2018	One hundred and ninety-two (192) (72.2%) strains of ESBL-producing E. coli strains sensitive to Fosfomycin were found.	Fosfomycin	96-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
29924280-6	2018	It, therefore, follows that fosfomycin exhibits antimicrobial activity against ESBL-producing E. coli strains and that it could be considered a good treatment option for resistant strains.	Fosfomycin	28-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	79-83
28674848-13	2017	In univariate analysis, ESBL acquisition was associated with male gender, SAPS II, SOFA, chronic kidney disease at admission, duration of mechanical ventilation, need for catecholamine and the ICU LOS.	Catecholamines	171-184	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
29254478-9	2017	Susceptibilities to all cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were less than 50% beside 66.5% and 56.07% to cefoxitin (FOX) for ESBL+ Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains respectively.	Cephalosporins	24-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	126-130
29254478-9	2017	Susceptibilities to all cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were less than 50% beside 66.5% and 56.07% to cefoxitin (FOX) for ESBL+ Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains respectively.	Fluoroquinolones	43-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	126-130
29254478-9	2017	Susceptibilities to all cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were less than 50% beside 66.5% and 56.07% to cefoxitin (FOX) for ESBL+ Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains respectively.	Cefoxitin	106-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	126-130
29262709-0	2017	Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the commercial Origanum onites L. oil against nosocomial carbapenem resistant extended spectrum beta lactamase producer Escherichia coli isolates.	Carbapenems	108-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	129-161
28377310-1	2017	OBJECTIVE: To verify the role of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and nitrofurantoin, which have appeared as novel risk factors for carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) -producing Escherichia coli, as risk factors for ESBL E. coli urinary tract infection (UTI).	Nitrofurantoin	66-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	140-172
29290230-8	2017	This aminoglycoside remains active against the majority of ESBL strains and can be prescribed in once-daily dose allowing also ambulatory management of patients from pediatric emergency department.	Aminoglycosides	5-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
28573605-4	2017	The aim of the present study was to inhibit the biofilm formed by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized with fresh water diatom (Nitzschia palea).	Silver	104-110	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
28573605-4	2017	The aim of the present study was to inhibit the biofilm formed by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized with fresh water diatom (Nitzschia palea).	Water	156-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
28848015-0	2017	Translational Efficacy of Humanized Exposures of Cefepime, Ertapenem, and Levofloxacin against Extended-Spectrum-beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in a Murine Model of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection.	Cefepime	49-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	95-127
28643188-0	2017	Impact of appropriateness of empiric therapy on outcomes in community-onset bacteremia by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebisella pneumoniae definitively treated with carbapenems.	Carbapenems	202-213	EsbL	Escherichia coli	90-122
29185411-1	2017	This descriptive and cross-sectional study was planned to determine the dilemma of inadvertent detection of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production in Enterobacteriaceaewhen using inhibition zone size of antibiotic disks of Cefotaxime or Aztreonam in routine antibiotic susceptibility testing as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).	Cefotaxime	235-245	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-140
29185411-1	2017	This descriptive and cross-sectional study was planned to determine the dilemma of inadvertent detection of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production in Enterobacteriaceaewhen using inhibition zone size of antibiotic disks of Cefotaxime or Aztreonam in routine antibiotic susceptibility testing as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).	Cefotaxime	235-245	EsbL	Escherichia coli	142-146
29185411-1	2017	This descriptive and cross-sectional study was planned to determine the dilemma of inadvertent detection of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production in Enterobacteriaceaewhen using inhibition zone size of antibiotic disks of Cefotaxime or Aztreonam in routine antibiotic susceptibility testing as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).	Aztreonam	249-258	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-140
29185411-1	2017	This descriptive and cross-sectional study was planned to determine the dilemma of inadvertent detection of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production in Enterobacteriaceaewhen using inhibition zone size of antibiotic disks of Cefotaxime or Aztreonam in routine antibiotic susceptibility testing as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).	Aztreonam	249-258	EsbL	Escherichia coli	142-146
28848015-0	2017	Translational Efficacy of Humanized Exposures of Cefepime, Ertapenem, and Levofloxacin against Extended-Spectrum-beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in a Murine Model of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection.	Levofloxacin	74-86	EsbL	Escherichia coli	95-127
28927454-6	2017	Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was detected by combined disc method using ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid discs and cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs.	Ceftazidime	87-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
28934938-10	2017	Imipenem resistance prevalence was higher in ESBL-negative bacteria than ESBL-positive bacteria for both E. coli and K. pneumonia (P &lt; 0.001).	Imipenem	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	45-49
28934938-10	2017	Imipenem resistance prevalence was higher in ESBL-negative bacteria than ESBL-positive bacteria for both E. coli and K. pneumonia (P &lt; 0.001).	Imipenem	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
28927454-6	2017	Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was detected by combined disc method using ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid discs and cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs.	Ceftazidime	103-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
28927454-6	2017	Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was detected by combined disc method using ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid discs and cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs.	Clavulanic Acid	115-130	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
28927454-6	2017	Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was detected by combined disc method using ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid discs and cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs.	Cefotaxime	141-151	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
28927454-6	2017	Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was detected by combined disc method using ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid discs and cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs.	Cefotaxime	156-166	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
28927454-6	2017	Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was detected by combined disc method using ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid discs and cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs.	Clavulanic Acid	167-182	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
28877757-7	2017	All Thai ESBL-positive E. coli isolates were multidrug resistant, including high rates of resistance to tobramycin (77.2%), gentamicin (77.2%), ciprofloxacin (67.8%) and trimethoprim (68.5%).	Tobramycin	104-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
28877757-7	2017	All Thai ESBL-positive E. coli isolates were multidrug resistant, including high rates of resistance to tobramycin (77.2%), gentamicin (77.2%), ciprofloxacin (67.8%) and trimethoprim (68.5%).	Gentamicins	124-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
28877757-7	2017	All Thai ESBL-positive E. coli isolates were multidrug resistant, including high rates of resistance to tobramycin (77.2%), gentamicin (77.2%), ciprofloxacin (67.8%) and trimethoprim (68.5%).	Ciprofloxacin	144-157	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
28877757-7	2017	All Thai ESBL-positive E. coli isolates were multidrug resistant, including high rates of resistance to tobramycin (77.2%), gentamicin (77.2%), ciprofloxacin (67.8%) and trimethoprim (68.5%).	Trimethoprim	170-182	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
27071978-1	2017	OBJECTIVE: To report on a patient with a symptomatic, polymicrobial Escherichia coli and multidrug-resistant (MDR), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract infection (UTI) who was successfully treated with oral doxycycline hyclate.	Doxycycline	256-275	EsbL	Escherichia coli	116-148
29109580-1	2017	Background: Broad-spectrum antibiotics are often used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to drug-resistant species of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus (e.g., organisms producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase [ESBL] or AmpC beta-lactamase, as well as vancomycin-resistant enterococci [VRE]).	Vancomycin	266-276	EsbL	Escherichia coli	225-229
28397101-2	2017	To identify extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) directly in positive blood culture bottles, we developed a workflow of saponin extraction followed by a bottom-up proteomics approach using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).	Saponins	124-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	47-51
28906365-13	2017	In addition, production of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) was 69.2% and 30.8% in E coli and Kelebsiella respectively.The efficacy of third generation of the cephalosporins was reduced because of the high rate of production of ESBL and drug resistance.	Cephalosporins	166-180	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-59
28906365-13	2017	In addition, production of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) was 69.2% and 30.8% in E coli and Kelebsiella respectively.The efficacy of third generation of the cephalosporins was reduced because of the high rate of production of ESBL and drug resistance.	Cephalosporins	166-180	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-65
28906365-13	2017	In addition, production of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) was 69.2% and 30.8% in E coli and Kelebsiella respectively.The efficacy of third generation of the cephalosporins was reduced because of the high rate of production of ESBL and drug resistance.	Cephalosporins	166-180	EsbL	Escherichia coli	235-239
28054236-9	2017	Piperacillin-tazobactam non-susceptibility increased from 6.8 to 23.8% in hospital and from &lt;1 to 12.5% in community, with similar increases for ESBL producing isolates.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	0-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	148-152
28456703-1	2017	Fosfomycin in combination with various antibiotics represents an excellent clinically efficacious regimen for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	Fosfomycin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	203-207
29168466-10	2017	INTERPRETATION &amp; CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed the circulation of NDM variants among the clinical isolates of E. coli that were producers of ESBL as well as carbapenemase.	Adenosine Monophosphate	16-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	145-149
28456703-4	2017	Antimicrobial sensitivity testing indicated that 6.7% (24/356) of the ESBL-producing E. coli strains were resistant to fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	119-129	EsbL	Escherichia coli	70-74
28456703-9	2017	The results indicate that presence of the fosA3 gene is the primary mechanism of fosfomycin resistance in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates in Wenzhou, China.	Fosfomycin	81-91	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-110
28420242-9	2017	In co-prevalence of blaNDM-1 and ESBL-coding genes, a low carbapenem resistance was determined.	Carbapenems	58-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	33-37
28904920-12	2017	Most of the ESBL producers showed a good sensitivity to amikacin, but all of them were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin.	Amikacin	56-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
28904920-12	2017	Most of the ESBL producers showed a good sensitivity to amikacin, but all of them were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin.	Ciprofloxacin	107-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
26423244-10	2017	CONSLUSION: For ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae bacteremia, ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin, if active in vitro, can be considered as a carbapenem-sparing alternative.	Carbapenems	142-152	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
28391954-7	2017	The geometric mean MICs for ESBL-producing isolates were 0.07 mug/mL for meropenem, 9.51 mug/mL for tazobactam/piperacillin, 0.15 mug/mL for flomoxef, and 1.56 mug/mL for gentamycin.	Meropenem	73-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
28391954-7	2017	The geometric mean MICs for ESBL-producing isolates were 0.07 mug/mL for meropenem, 9.51 mug/mL for tazobactam/piperacillin, 0.15 mug/mL for flomoxef, and 1.56 mug/mL for gentamycin.	Tazobactam	100-110	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
28391954-7	2017	The geometric mean MICs for ESBL-producing isolates were 0.07 mug/mL for meropenem, 9.51 mug/mL for tazobactam/piperacillin, 0.15 mug/mL for flomoxef, and 1.56 mug/mL for gentamycin.	Piperacillin	111-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
28285420-8	2017	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus mirabilis, ceftazidime-nonsusceptible P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp., and vancomycin-nonsusceptible E. faecalis were included.	Vancomycin	167-177	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
28261951-5	2017	DDAC inhibited ESBL/AmpC(hyper)-producing E. coli (n = 53) from poultry at similar or slightly lower inhibitory concentrations, compared with non-ESBL/AmpC strains (median MIC = 0 36 vs 1 44 mg l-1 ).	N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecyl-1-octadecylammonium	0-4	EsbL	Escherichia coli	15-19
26423244-1	2017	BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: For extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections, carbapenems are recommended as first line therapy, and clinical data on the therapeutic efficacy of fluoroquinolones (FQs) is limited.	Carbapenems	105-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
26423244-1	2017	BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: For extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections, carbapenems are recommended as first line therapy, and clinical data on the therapeutic efficacy of fluoroquinolones (FQs) is limited.	Fluoroquinolones	205-221	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
27815129-9	2017	Furthermore, the results proved synergism among essential oils and both antibiotics ofloxacin and novobiocin against the Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing E. coli (ESBL).	Oils, Volatile	48-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	173-177
26423244-1	2017	BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: For extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections, carbapenems are recommended as first line therapy, and clinical data on the therapeutic efficacy of fluoroquinolones (FQs) is limited.	Fluoroquinolones	223-226	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
26423244-2	2017	This study compares the efficacy of FQs and carbapenems for bloodstream infections caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Carbapenems	44-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	93-97
26423244-10	2017	CONSLUSION: For ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae bacteremia, ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin, if active in vitro, can be considered as a carbapenem-sparing alternative.	Ciprofloxacin	68-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
26423244-10	2017	CONSLUSION: For ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae bacteremia, ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin, if active in vitro, can be considered as a carbapenem-sparing alternative.	Levofloxacin	85-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
28408060-8	2017	Around 9% of E. coli isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, including 8.2% by production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Cephalosporins	65-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	113-145
28314728-2	2017	Broilers and broiler meat products can be highly contaminated with ESBL- and pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli strains, also known as extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant E. coli strains, and can be a source for human infections.	esc	166-169	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-71
28276133-5	2017	In total, 78 (13%, n = 590) cefotaxime-resistant isolates were obtained, of which 66 and 12 displayed AmpC and ESBL phenotypes, respectively.	Cefotaxime	28-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	111-115
28391954-7	2017	The geometric mean MICs for ESBL-producing isolates were 0.07 mug/mL for meropenem, 9.51 mug/mL for tazobactam/piperacillin, 0.15 mug/mL for flomoxef, and 1.56 mug/mL for gentamycin.	flomoxef	141-149	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
28391954-7	2017	The geometric mean MICs for ESBL-producing isolates were 0.07 mug/mL for meropenem, 9.51 mug/mL for tazobactam/piperacillin, 0.15 mug/mL for flomoxef, and 1.56 mug/mL for gentamycin.	Gentamicins	171-181	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
27815129-9	2017	Furthermore, the results proved synergism among essential oils and both antibiotics ofloxacin and novobiocin against the Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing E. coli (ESBL).	Ofloxacin	84-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	173-177
27815129-9	2017	Furthermore, the results proved synergism among essential oils and both antibiotics ofloxacin and novobiocin against the Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing E. coli (ESBL).	Novobiocin	98-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	173-177
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Ampicillin	37-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28619146-1	2017	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and plasmid mediated AmpC beta-lactamase (ESBL/pAmpC) producing bacteria are resistant to Extended Spectrum Cephalosporins (ESC), and are present in all levels of the broiler production chain.	Cephalosporins	141-155	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
28619146-14	2017	The underlying mechanism should be studied further as this may provide new insights on how to reduce ESBL/pAmpC prevalence and transmission in the broiler production chain.	pampc	106-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	101-105
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Cephalexin	49-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Cephalothin	61-70	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	cefpodoxime	72-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	ceftiofur	85-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Enrofloxacin	96-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	marbofloxacin	110-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	129-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Imipenem	184-192	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Amoxicillin	197-208	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
28368864-5	2017	All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Clavulanic Acid	209-224	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
27973988-18	2017	Therefore routine secondary testing for ESBL and AmpC production by Enterobacteriaceae that are resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in primary testing could improve the accuracy of definitive antimicrobial therapy in companion animals in New Zealand.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	109-136	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-44
28323856-10	2017	The presence of ESBL-E. coli carrying pigs was not related to total AMU, but it was strongly determined by the presence or absence of cephalosporin use at the farm (OR = 46.4, p = 0.006).	Cephalosporins	134-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
28323856-13	2017	On pig farms, the use of cephalosporins was associated with the presence of ESBL-E. coli carrying pigs.	Cephalosporins	25-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
33592987-11	2017	There was a significant relation between ESBL production and resistance to three other classes of antibiotics, including protein synthesis inhibitor, Quinolones and Metabolite analogues.	Quinolones	150-160	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
26494113-2	2017	Intestinal colonisation by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli was detected in 23 nursing home residents (14.7%) using MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime (1mg/L) for screening and the combined disc method for ESBL confirmation.	Agar	125-129	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
28457027-12	2017	A number of old antibiotic compounds such as Polymyxins, Fosfomycin, and Aminoglycosides are re-emerging as valuable alternatives for the treatment of ESBL producing bacteria.	Fosfomycin	57-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	151-155
28457027-12	2017	A number of old antibiotic compounds such as Polymyxins, Fosfomycin, and Aminoglycosides are re-emerging as valuable alternatives for the treatment of ESBL producing bacteria.	Aminoglycosides	73-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	151-155
27998758-2	2017	Bactericidal and fungicidal activity of the lactone against different bacteria such as MSSA, MRSA, E. coli ESBL, P. aeruginosa and clinical isolates of Candida spp., in planktonic and biofilm growth stage were assessed.	Lactones	44-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
27566885-9	2017	Co-located resistance to sulfonamides, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and chloramphenicol/florfenicol was detected on five ESBL gene-carrying plasmids, but seven plasmids conferred solely resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.	Sulfonamides	25-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
27566885-9	2017	Co-located resistance to sulfonamides, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and chloramphenicol/florfenicol was detected on five ESBL gene-carrying plasmids, but seven plasmids conferred solely resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.	Tetracycline	39-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
27566885-9	2017	Co-located resistance to sulfonamides, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and chloramphenicol/florfenicol was detected on five ESBL gene-carrying plasmids, but seven plasmids conferred solely resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.	Trimethoprim	53-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
27566885-9	2017	Co-located resistance to sulfonamides, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and chloramphenicol/florfenicol was detected on five ESBL gene-carrying plasmids, but seven plasmids conferred solely resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.	Chloramphenicol	71-86	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
27566885-9	2017	Co-located resistance to sulfonamides, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and chloramphenicol/florfenicol was detected on five ESBL gene-carrying plasmids, but seven plasmids conferred solely resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.	florfenicol	87-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
27566885-10	2017	The presence of additional resistance genes on the ESBL gene-carrying plasmids suggests that co-selection of ESBL genes may occur even in the absence of beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	153-164	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-55
28243225-2	2017	A component element of this is the spread of the plasmid-encoded extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) genes, conferring resistance to third-generation cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	151-165	EsbL	Escherichia coli	65-94
28243225-2	2017	A component element of this is the spread of the plasmid-encoded extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) genes, conferring resistance to third-generation cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	151-165	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
27566885-10	2017	The presence of additional resistance genes on the ESBL gene-carrying plasmids suggests that co-selection of ESBL genes may occur even in the absence of beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	153-164	EsbL	Escherichia coli	109-113
26494113-2	2017	Intestinal colonisation by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli was detected in 23 nursing home residents (14.7%) using MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime (1mg/L) for screening and the combined disc method for ESBL confirmation.	Cefotaxime	148-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
26494113-3	2017	Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed co-resistance to ciprofloxacin in 86.9% of the ESBL-producers.	Ciprofloxacin	63-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	93-97
26654217-3	2017	In this study we determined ESBL genotypes in E. coli isolates (n=233) resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins from hospitals and medical practices using PCR and sequencing.	Cephalosporins	99-113	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
28174570-5	2017	ESBL-producing E. coli exhibited highly resistant to penicillin derivatives, fluoroquinolones, folate pathway inhibitors, and third-generation cephalosporins, but no carbapenem-resistant isolates were found in this study.	Penicillins	53-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
28174570-5	2017	ESBL-producing E. coli exhibited highly resistant to penicillin derivatives, fluoroquinolones, folate pathway inhibitors, and third-generation cephalosporins, but no carbapenem-resistant isolates were found in this study.	Fluoroquinolones	77-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
28174570-5	2017	ESBL-producing E. coli exhibited highly resistant to penicillin derivatives, fluoroquinolones, folate pathway inhibitors, and third-generation cephalosporins, but no carbapenem-resistant isolates were found in this study.	Folic Acid	95-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
28174570-5	2017	ESBL-producing E. coli exhibited highly resistant to penicillin derivatives, fluoroquinolones, folate pathway inhibitors, and third-generation cephalosporins, but no carbapenem-resistant isolates were found in this study.	Cephalosporins	143-157	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
28061852-11	2017	Furthermore, the distribution of ESBL-producing E. coli was consistent with the data obtained using an oligonucleotide microarray-based assay and PCR genotyping against genes associated with beta-lactam resistance.	Oligonucleotides	103-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	33-37
28061852-11	2017	Furthermore, the distribution of ESBL-producing E. coli was consistent with the data obtained using an oligonucleotide microarray-based assay and PCR genotyping against genes associated with beta-lactam resistance.	beta-Lactams	191-202	EsbL	Escherichia coli	33-37
28061803-12	2017	CONCLUSION: MLVA, even when using only three loci, represents an easy initial typing tool for epidemiological screening of ESBL-E. coli.	mlva	12-16	EsbL	Escherichia coli	123-127
27681363-0	2016	Prevalence and quinolone resistance of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in 6 communities and 2 physical examination center populations in Shanghai, China.	Quinolones	15-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-89
28061852-0	2017	The occurrence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli carrying aminoglycoside resistance genes in urinary tract infections in Saudi Arabia.	Aminoglycosides	59-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
28458485-11	2017	CONCLUSION: The finding of the study therefore indicates that carbapenem resistance is mediated by carbapenemase production and or overproduction of ESBL coupled with reduced porins.	Carbapenems	62-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	149-153
27707990-0	2017	Efficacy of ceftolozane/tazobactam against urinary tract and intra-abdominal infections caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: a pooled analysis of Phase 3 clinical trials.	ceftolozane	12-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-102
27707990-0	2017	Efficacy of ceftolozane/tazobactam against urinary tract and intra-abdominal infections caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: a pooled analysis of Phase 3 clinical trials.	Tazobactam	24-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-102
27707990-2	2017	The characteristics and outcomes of patients infected with ESBL-ENT were examined in a pooled analysis of Phase 3 clinical trials of ceftolozane/tazobactam in patients with complicated urinary tract infections (ASPECT-cUTI) and complicated intra-abdominal infections (ASPECT-cIAI).	ceftolozane, tazobactam drug combination	133-155	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
27707990-10	2017	Clinical cure rates for ME patients with ESBL-ENT were 97.4% (76/78) for ceftolozane/tazobactam [ESBL-E. coli, 98.0% (49 of 50); ESBL-K. pneumoniae, 94.4% (17 of 18)], 82.6% (38 of 46) for levofloxacin and 88.5% (23 of 26) for meropenem.	ceftolozane	73-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
27707990-10	2017	Clinical cure rates for ME patients with ESBL-ENT were 97.4% (76/78) for ceftolozane/tazobactam [ESBL-E. coli, 98.0% (49 of 50); ESBL-K. pneumoniae, 94.4% (17 of 18)], 82.6% (38 of 46) for levofloxacin and 88.5% (23 of 26) for meropenem.	ceftolozane	73-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
27707990-10	2017	Clinical cure rates for ME patients with ESBL-ENT were 97.4% (76/78) for ceftolozane/tazobactam [ESBL-E. coli, 98.0% (49 of 50); ESBL-K. pneumoniae, 94.4% (17 of 18)], 82.6% (38 of 46) for levofloxacin and 88.5% (23 of 26) for meropenem.	ceftolozane	73-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
27707990-10	2017	Clinical cure rates for ME patients with ESBL-ENT were 97.4% (76/78) for ceftolozane/tazobactam [ESBL-E. coli, 98.0% (49 of 50); ESBL-K. pneumoniae, 94.4% (17 of 18)], 82.6% (38 of 46) for levofloxacin and 88.5% (23 of 26) for meropenem.	Tazobactam	85-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
27707990-10	2017	Clinical cure rates for ME patients with ESBL-ENT were 97.4% (76/78) for ceftolozane/tazobactam [ESBL-E. coli, 98.0% (49 of 50); ESBL-K. pneumoniae, 94.4% (17 of 18)], 82.6% (38 of 46) for levofloxacin and 88.5% (23 of 26) for meropenem.	Tazobactam	85-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
27707990-10	2017	Clinical cure rates for ME patients with ESBL-ENT were 97.4% (76/78) for ceftolozane/tazobactam [ESBL-E. coli, 98.0% (49 of 50); ESBL-K. pneumoniae, 94.4% (17 of 18)], 82.6% (38 of 46) for levofloxacin and 88.5% (23 of 26) for meropenem.	Tazobactam	85-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
27707990-10	2017	Clinical cure rates for ME patients with ESBL-ENT were 97.4% (76/78) for ceftolozane/tazobactam [ESBL-E. coli, 98.0% (49 of 50); ESBL-K. pneumoniae, 94.4% (17 of 18)], 82.6% (38 of 46) for levofloxacin and 88.5% (23 of 26) for meropenem.	Levofloxacin	189-201	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
27707990-10	2017	Clinical cure rates for ME patients with ESBL-ENT were 97.4% (76/78) for ceftolozane/tazobactam [ESBL-E. coli, 98.0% (49 of 50); ESBL-K. pneumoniae, 94.4% (17 of 18)], 82.6% (38 of 46) for levofloxacin and 88.5% (23 of 26) for meropenem.	Meropenem	227-236	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
27707990-11	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Randomized trial data demonstrated high clinical cure rates with ceftolozane/tazobactam treatment of cIAI and cUTI caused by ESBL-ENT.	ceftolozane	78-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
27707990-11	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Randomized trial data demonstrated high clinical cure rates with ceftolozane/tazobactam treatment of cIAI and cUTI caused by ESBL-ENT.	Tazobactam	90-100	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
27681363-1	2016	OBJECTIVES: To characterize extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from the community, determine their antibiotic sensitivity profiles and quinolone resistance mechanisms, and identify any horizontal transfer of ESBL genes.	Quinolones	176-185	EsbL	Escherichia coli	62-66
27681363-3	2016	ESBL-producing E. coli was screened and confirmed by confirmatory test and E. coli-identifying agars.	Agar	95-100	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
27681363-6	2016	RESULTS: Overall, 528 isolates were identified as ESBL-producing E. coli, and all were positive for blaCTX-M. CTX-M-14 was found most frequently (48.9%).	ctx-m-14	110-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	50-54
27681363-11	2016	CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing E. coli in the community in Shanghai, with high-level quinolone resistance and CTX-M-14 being the predominant CTX-M enzyme.	Quinolones	130-139	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-65
27904884-8	2016	Thus, this medical center"s recently emerging ESBL-producing E. coli strains, although multiclonal, are dominated by ST131-H30 and H30Rx, which are the only clonally expanded fluoroquinolone-resistant, ESBL-producing lineages.	Fluoroquinolones	175-190	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
27806687-14	2016	CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study exploring the use of pivmecillinam in an Irish cohort and has demonstrated that its use in conjunction with or without co-amoxiclav is an appropriate and useful treatment for urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing organisms.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	58-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	247-251
27638264-15	2016	The use of third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, however, was found to be associated with ESBL/AmpC status, with higher use of these antimicrobials resulting in a significant higher odds to be ESBL/AmpC-positive.	Cephalosporins	40-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
27638264-21	2016	The use of third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins appeared to be associated the ESBL/AmpC herd status.	Cephalosporins	40-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	85-89
27769180-9	2016	The ESBL isolates exhibited more resistance rates to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin compared to non ESBL isolates 96.0 % versus 60.7 %, p value = 0.003 and 16.0 % versus 0.0 %, p value = 0.043 respectively).	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	53-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26687342-5	2016	Eleven out of 15 ESBL/pAmpC E. coli isolates were multiresistant (most common resistance phenotype: beta-lactams-quinolones-tetracycline-sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim).	beta-Lactams	100-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
26687342-5	2016	Eleven out of 15 ESBL/pAmpC E. coli isolates were multiresistant (most common resistance phenotype: beta-lactams-quinolones-tetracycline-sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim).	quinolones-tetracycline-sulfamethoxazole	113-153	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
26687342-5	2016	Eleven out of 15 ESBL/pAmpC E. coli isolates were multiresistant (most common resistance phenotype: beta-lactams-quinolones-tetracycline-sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim).	Trimethoprim	154-166	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
27769180-9	2016	The ESBL isolates exhibited more resistance rates to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin compared to non ESBL isolates 96.0 % versus 60.7 %, p value = 0.003 and 16.0 % versus 0.0 %, p value = 0.043 respectively).	Ciprofloxacin	87-100	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
27769180-11	2016	CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of ESBL among patients with secondary peritonitis at BMC is high; with more resistance rates among ESBL compared to non ESBL isolates.	bmc	81-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
27790433-12	2016	The most effective antibiotic for ESBL producers was imipenem (96.7% sensitive), followed by amikacin (88.4%) and piperacillin- tazobactum (87%).	Imipenem	53-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
26194952-7	2016	RESULTS: Among the 56 ESBL-producing isolates, 43 isolates (76.8%) were resistant to fluoroquinolones, but all isolates were susceptible to carbapenems and amikacin.	Fluoroquinolones	85-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
26194952-7	2016	RESULTS: Among the 56 ESBL-producing isolates, 43 isolates (76.8%) were resistant to fluoroquinolones, but all isolates were susceptible to carbapenems and amikacin.	Carbapenems	140-151	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
26194952-7	2016	RESULTS: Among the 56 ESBL-producing isolates, 43 isolates (76.8%) were resistant to fluoroquinolones, but all isolates were susceptible to carbapenems and amikacin.	Amikacin	156-164	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
27157499-11	2016	ESBL-producing isolates showed elevated MICs to cefoxitin (16-64mg/L) and ertapenem MICs (0.5-2.0mg/L) mainly due to alterations in the porin genes.	Cefoxitin	48-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
27157499-11	2016	ESBL-producing isolates showed elevated MICs to cefoxitin (16-64mg/L) and ertapenem MICs (0.5-2.0mg/L) mainly due to alterations in the porin genes.	Ertapenem	74-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
27650980-2	2016	The main objective of this investigation was to evaluate the antibacterial activities of essential oils (EOs) from different Iranian medicinal plants against TEM gene positive ESBL-producing E. coli strains isolated from urine samples of patients with urinary tract infections.	Oils, Volatile	89-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	176-180
27650980-2	2016	The main objective of this investigation was to evaluate the antibacterial activities of essential oils (EOs) from different Iranian medicinal plants against TEM gene positive ESBL-producing E. coli strains isolated from urine samples of patients with urinary tract infections.	Oils, Volatile	105-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	176-180
27250633-0	2016	Emergence of co-production of plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase and ESBL in cefoxitin-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli.	Cefoxitin	79-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
27250633-8	2016	ESBL co-production was observed in 88 % (22/25) of pAmpC producing isolates with predominance of blaTEM (n = 20).	pampc	51-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
27272725-0	2016	Adaptive responses to cefotaxime treatment in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and the possible use of significantly regulated pathways as novel secondary targets.	Cefotaxime	22-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
27272725-1	2016	OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to determine how ESBL-producing Escherichia coli change the expression of metabolic and biosynthesis genes when adapting to inhibitory concentrations of cefotaxime.	Cefotaxime	190-200	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
27272725-10	2016	CONCLUSIONS: The results show that ESBL-producing E. coli adapt to treatment with cefotaxime by changing their gene expression patterns and furthermore that targeting regulated adaptive pathways may be a suitable way to identify targets for drugs that will specifically inhibit the resistant bacteria.	Cefotaxime	82-92	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
27392786-3	2016	The ESBL phenotype was determined with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute confirmatory broth microdilution test using cefotaxime and ceftazidime with and without clavulanate.	Cefotaxime	131-141	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
27392786-3	2016	The ESBL phenotype was determined with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute confirmatory broth microdilution test using cefotaxime and ceftazidime with and without clavulanate.	Ceftazidime	146-157	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
27392786-3	2016	The ESBL phenotype was determined with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute confirmatory broth microdilution test using cefotaxime and ceftazidime with and without clavulanate.	Clavulanic Acid	175-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26511749-6	2016	ESBL screening was performed on samples resistant to cefpodoxime and confirmed by double disc diffusion (Oxoid Ltd, Basingstoke, UK).	cefpodoxime	53-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
27574974-14	2016	The overall carrier rate of ESBL producing isolates resistant to carbapenem was 2% (5/267), all detected in children; three with E.coli HL cephalosporinase (AmpC), resistant to ertapenem and two with K. pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC) resistant to meropenem, ertapenem and impenem.	Carbapenems	65-75	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
27574974-14	2016	The overall carrier rate of ESBL producing isolates resistant to carbapenem was 2% (5/267), all detected in children; three with E.coli HL cephalosporinase (AmpC), resistant to ertapenem and two with K. pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC) resistant to meropenem, ertapenem and impenem.	ampc	157-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
27574974-14	2016	The overall carrier rate of ESBL producing isolates resistant to carbapenem was 2% (5/267), all detected in children; three with E.coli HL cephalosporinase (AmpC), resistant to ertapenem and two with K. pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC) resistant to meropenem, ertapenem and impenem.	Ertapenem	177-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
27574974-14	2016	The overall carrier rate of ESBL producing isolates resistant to carbapenem was 2% (5/267), all detected in children; three with E.coli HL cephalosporinase (AmpC), resistant to ertapenem and two with K. pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC) resistant to meropenem, ertapenem and impenem.	Meropenem	247-256	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
27574974-14	2016	The overall carrier rate of ESBL producing isolates resistant to carbapenem was 2% (5/267), all detected in children; three with E.coli HL cephalosporinase (AmpC), resistant to ertapenem and two with K. pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC) resistant to meropenem, ertapenem and impenem.	Ertapenem	258-267	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
27574974-14	2016	The overall carrier rate of ESBL producing isolates resistant to carbapenem was 2% (5/267), all detected in children; three with E.coli HL cephalosporinase (AmpC), resistant to ertapenem and two with K. pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC) resistant to meropenem, ertapenem and impenem.	impenem	272-279	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
27324774-2	2016	We describe for the first time a composite transposon containing mcr-1 localized on a multidrug-resistant (MDR) IncHI2 plasmid harboring additional determinants of resistance to six different classes of antibiotics, including the ESBL gene blaCTX-M-1, and heavy metal resistance.	Metals	262-267	EsbL	Escherichia coli	230-234
27534373-6	2016	The checkerboard method showed that for the ESBL- and carbapenem-resistant E. coli, the synergistic effects of amikacin/doxycycline were 80% and 90%, respectively.	Amikacin	111-119	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
27534373-6	2016	The checkerboard method showed that for the ESBL- and carbapenem-resistant E. coli, the synergistic effects of amikacin/doxycycline were 80% and 90%, respectively.	Doxycycline	120-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
27534373-8	2016	For the ESBL- and carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolates, the combinations of amikacin and doxycycline exhibited synergistic activities against 80%, and 80% and 10% vs 60%, and 80% and 10% of the isolates at concentrations of 1x, 1/2x and 1/4xMIC, respectively.	Amikacin	77-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
27534373-8	2016	For the ESBL- and carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolates, the combinations of amikacin and doxycycline exhibited synergistic activities against 80%, and 80% and 10% vs 60%, and 80% and 10% of the isolates at concentrations of 1x, 1/2x and 1/4xMIC, respectively.	Doxycycline	90-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
27488224-11	2016	Of the three different 3rd generation cephalosporin/clavulanate combinations used, ceftazidime/clavulanate combination was found to be most effective for phenotypic confirmation of ESBL producers and was statistically highly significant (P &lt; 0.01).	cephalosporin/clavulanate	38-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	181-185
27488224-11	2016	Of the three different 3rd generation cephalosporin/clavulanate combinations used, ceftazidime/clavulanate combination was found to be most effective for phenotypic confirmation of ESBL producers and was statistically highly significant (P &lt; 0.01).	ceftazidime/clavulanate	83-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	181-185
27488224-12	2016	CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of our study, we recommend to use ceftazidime/clavulanate combination for phenotypic confirmation of ESBL producers.	Ceftazidime	68-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
27488224-12	2016	CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of our study, we recommend to use ceftazidime/clavulanate combination for phenotypic confirmation of ESBL producers.	Clavulanic Acid	80-91	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
27648198-1	2016	INTRODUCTION: The incidence of urinary tract infections caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains due to long term and overuse of broad-spectrum cephalosporine is on the rise.	Cephalosporine	198-212	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-98
27648198-1	2016	INTRODUCTION: The incidence of urinary tract infections caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains due to long term and overuse of broad-spectrum cephalosporine is on the rise.	Cephalosporine	198-212	EsbL	Escherichia coli	100-104
27256586-5	2016	Tigecycline resistance has been reported in some studies to be elevated among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, MDR, extensively drug-resistant and CR isolates.	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	78-110
26511749-9	2016	ESBL-positive organisms were associated with increases in drug resistance, particularly amongst fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim, and cephalexin.	Fluoroquinolones	96-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
26511749-9	2016	ESBL-positive organisms were associated with increases in drug resistance, particularly amongst fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim, and cephalexin.	Trimethoprim	114-126	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
26511749-9	2016	ESBL-positive organisms were associated with increases in drug resistance, particularly amongst fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim, and cephalexin.	Cephalexin	132-142	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
26511749-11	2016	ESBL producers remained largely susceptible to carbapenems.	Carbapenems	47-58	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
27043031-1	2016	Overgrowth of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli on modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) is the most common confounding factor for the isolation of Campylobacter from poultry samples.	charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar	93-132	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-46
27367005-11	2016	Both ESBL producers and non-producers had high resistance to ampicillin followed by trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, third-generation cephalosporins, and tetracycline.	Ampicillin	61-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
27367005-11	2016	Both ESBL producers and non-producers had high resistance to ampicillin followed by trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, third-generation cephalosporins, and tetracycline.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	84-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
27367005-11	2016	Both ESBL producers and non-producers had high resistance to ampicillin followed by trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, third-generation cephalosporins, and tetracycline.	Cephalosporins	133-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
27367005-11	2016	Both ESBL producers and non-producers had high resistance to ampicillin followed by trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, third-generation cephalosporins, and tetracycline.	Tetracycline	153-165	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
27316973-4	2016	RESULTS: Ninety-six percent of all of isolates tested were susceptible (i.e., MICs &lt;=16 mg/L) to amikacin by current laboratory standards which demonstrates a high level of activity to combat infections caused by these organisms including ESBL, MDR, beta-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistant strains.	Amikacin	100-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	242-246
27092771-7	2016	More than 95% of non extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli were susceptible to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, cefotaxime and aminoglycosides.	Nitrofurantoin	99-113	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
27092771-7	2016	More than 95% of non extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli were susceptible to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, cefotaxime and aminoglycosides.	Fosfomycin	115-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
27092771-7	2016	More than 95% of non extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli were susceptible to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, cefotaxime and aminoglycosides.	Cefotaxime	127-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
27092771-7	2016	More than 95% of non extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli were susceptible to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, cefotaxime and aminoglycosides.	Aminoglycosides	142-157	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
27043031-1	2016	Overgrowth of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli on modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) is the most common confounding factor for the isolation of Campylobacter from poultry samples.	charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar	93-132	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-52
27043031-1	2016	Overgrowth of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli on modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) is the most common confounding factor for the isolation of Campylobacter from poultry samples.	mccda	134-139	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-46
27043031-1	2016	Overgrowth of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli on modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) is the most common confounding factor for the isolation of Campylobacter from poultry samples.	mccda	134-139	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-52
27063778-1	2016	Four naphtho-gamma-pyrones (fonsecinones A and C and aurasperones A and E) were identified as potential antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in an in vitro antibacterial screen of 218 fungal metabolites.	naphtho-gamma-pyrones	5-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	151-183
26513341-7	2016	Apart from cephalosporins, ESBL-producing strains were also less likely to be susceptible to other antibiotics, such as quinolones, gentamicin, netilmicin, and cotrimoxazole, more than 90% of which were still susceptible to amikacin, carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline.	Quinolones	120-130	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
26513341-7	2016	Apart from cephalosporins, ESBL-producing strains were also less likely to be susceptible to other antibiotics, such as quinolones, gentamicin, netilmicin, and cotrimoxazole, more than 90% of which were still susceptible to amikacin, carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline.	Gentamicins	132-142	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
26513341-7	2016	Apart from cephalosporins, ESBL-producing strains were also less likely to be susceptible to other antibiotics, such as quinolones, gentamicin, netilmicin, and cotrimoxazole, more than 90% of which were still susceptible to amikacin, carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline.	Netilmicin	144-154	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
26513341-7	2016	Apart from cephalosporins, ESBL-producing strains were also less likely to be susceptible to other antibiotics, such as quinolones, gentamicin, netilmicin, and cotrimoxazole, more than 90% of which were still susceptible to amikacin, carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	160-173	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
26513341-7	2016	Apart from cephalosporins, ESBL-producing strains were also less likely to be susceptible to other antibiotics, such as quinolones, gentamicin, netilmicin, and cotrimoxazole, more than 90% of which were still susceptible to amikacin, carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline.	Amikacin	224-232	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
26513341-7	2016	Apart from cephalosporins, ESBL-producing strains were also less likely to be susceptible to other antibiotics, such as quinolones, gentamicin, netilmicin, and cotrimoxazole, more than 90% of which were still susceptible to amikacin, carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline.	Carbapenems	234-245	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
26513341-7	2016	Apart from cephalosporins, ESBL-producing strains were also less likely to be susceptible to other antibiotics, such as quinolones, gentamicin, netilmicin, and cotrimoxazole, more than 90% of which were still susceptible to amikacin, carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline.	Tigecycline	261-272	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
26513341-9	2016	ESBL-producing strains found in the community were more likely to be susceptible to gentamicin, netilmicin, and cefepime than those found in hospital.	Gentamicins	84-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
26513341-9	2016	ESBL-producing strains found in the community were more likely to be susceptible to gentamicin, netilmicin, and cefepime than those found in hospital.	Netilmicin	96-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
26513341-9	2016	ESBL-producing strains found in the community were more likely to be susceptible to gentamicin, netilmicin, and cefepime than those found in hospital.	Cefepime	112-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
26710929-0	2016	Effect of PMX-DHP for sepsis due to ESBL-producing E. coli in an extremely low-birthweight infant.	pmx-dhp	10-17	EsbL	Escherichia coli	36-40
27104951-1	2016	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are a common cause of bacteraemia in endemic countries and may be associated with high mortality; carbapenems are considered the drug of choice.	Carbapenems	167-178	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
26871556-0	2016	Characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and pAmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae of water samples in Tunisia.	Water	117-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	19-51
26871556-1	2016	The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-Eb and pAmpC-Eb, respectively) was analyzed in 57 wastewater and 57 surface-water samples in Tunisia.	Water	180-185	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-48
27063778-1	2016	Four naphtho-gamma-pyrones (fonsecinones A and C and aurasperones A and E) were identified as potential antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in an in vitro antibacterial screen of 218 fungal metabolites.	naphtho-gamma-pyrones	5-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	185-189
27063778-1	2016	Four naphtho-gamma-pyrones (fonsecinones A and C and aurasperones A and E) were identified as potential antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in an in vitro antibacterial screen of 218 fungal metabolites.	fonsecinones a and c	28-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	151-183
27063778-1	2016	Four naphtho-gamma-pyrones (fonsecinones A and C and aurasperones A and E) were identified as potential antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in an in vitro antibacterial screen of 218 fungal metabolites.	fonsecinones a and c	28-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	185-189
27063778-1	2016	Four naphtho-gamma-pyrones (fonsecinones A and C and aurasperones A and E) were identified as potential antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in an in vitro antibacterial screen of 218 fungal metabolites.	aurasperones a and e	53-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	151-183
27063778-1	2016	Four naphtho-gamma-pyrones (fonsecinones A and C and aurasperones A and E) were identified as potential antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in an in vitro antibacterial screen of 218 fungal metabolites.	aurasperones a and e	53-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	185-189
27063778-2	2016	Fonsecinone A (2) exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 4.26, 17.04, and 4.26 mug/mL against ESBL-producing E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and E. faecalis, respectively.	fonsecinone A	0-13	EsbL	Escherichia coli	154-158
26850161-6	2016	Phenotypically most isolates showing resistance to cephalosporins were AmpC rather than ESBL, a number of isolates having both activities.	Cephalosporins	51-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	88-92
27013000-8	2016	Two studies reported decreasing susceptibility of ESBL-producing E. coli to fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	76-86	EsbL	Escherichia coli	50-54
26419415-0	2016	Increased resistance rate to ceftazidime among blood culture isolates of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in a university-affiliated hospital of China.	Ceftazidime	29-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
26904015-0	2016	Multiple ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Sequence Types Carrying Quinolone and Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes Circulating in Companion and Domestic Farm Animals in Mwanza, Tanzania, Harbor Commonly Occurring Plasmids.	Quinolones	65-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
27276737-4	2016	Contamination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli was identified in 174 samples of foods and open water sources collected from the target communities.	Water	123-128	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-49
26962817-9	2016	The only independent variables associated with colonization by MDR GNB and ESBL-producing organisms and multiple colonization were, respectively, the days of NICU stay (odds ratio [OR] 1.041), the days of exposure to ampicillin-sulbactam (OR 1.040), and the days of formula feeding (OR 1.031).	sultamicillin	217-237	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
26904015-0	2016	Multiple ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Sequence Types Carrying Quinolone and Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes Circulating in Companion and Domestic Farm Animals in Mwanza, Tanzania, Harbor Commonly Occurring Plasmids.	Aminoglycosides	79-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
26705747-6	2016	The rate of fluoroquinolone-resistant ESBL clonal groups colonizing the intestinal tract of the inpatient group rose as the number of hospital days increased.	Fluoroquinolones	12-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
26414659-13	2016	CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the in vitro susceptibility to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, mecillinam and temocillin was high, indicating that these drugs are good options for treating uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing E. coli.	Nitrofurantoin	53-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	224-228
26414659-13	2016	CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the in vitro susceptibility to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, mecillinam and temocillin was high, indicating that these drugs are good options for treating uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing E. coli.	Fosfomycin	69-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	224-228
26414659-13	2016	CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the in vitro susceptibility to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, mecillinam and temocillin was high, indicating that these drugs are good options for treating uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing E. coli.	temocillin	96-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	224-228
26816887-2	2015	The current study was undertaken with a dual purpose, to provide an insight into the current scenario of the microorganisms causing UTI, their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns and also try and evaluate the activity of fosfomycin against E. coli, both ESBL producers as well as non-producers.	Fosfomycin	220-230	EsbL	Escherichia coli	253-257
27030917-1	2016	BACKGROUND: Due to an outbreak of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, the routine use of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis was questioned.	Fluoroquinolones	147-162	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-66
26210532-17	2015	Conjugation experiments and Southern hybridization, using bla(TEM-1), confirmed the plasmid-mediated transfer of ESBL genes, which resulted in increased MICs of beta-lactams for Escherichia coli transconjugants.	beta-Lactams	161-173	EsbL	Escherichia coli	113-117
26210532-18	2015	The contamination of imported food products by NTS with conjugative plasmid-borne ESBL genes may contribute to the spread of ESBL-producing NTS and compromise the therapeutic activity of extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics.	nts	47-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
26210532-18	2015	The contamination of imported food products by NTS with conjugative plasmid-borne ESBL genes may contribute to the spread of ESBL-producing NTS and compromise the therapeutic activity of extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics.	nts	47-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	125-129
26210532-18	2015	The contamination of imported food products by NTS with conjugative plasmid-borne ESBL genes may contribute to the spread of ESBL-producing NTS and compromise the therapeutic activity of extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics.	nts	140-143	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
26210532-18	2015	The contamination of imported food products by NTS with conjugative plasmid-borne ESBL genes may contribute to the spread of ESBL-producing NTS and compromise the therapeutic activity of extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics.	nts	140-143	EsbL	Escherichia coli	125-129
26210532-18	2015	The contamination of imported food products by NTS with conjugative plasmid-borne ESBL genes may contribute to the spread of ESBL-producing NTS and compromise the therapeutic activity of extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	205-216	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
26210532-18	2015	The contamination of imported food products by NTS with conjugative plasmid-borne ESBL genes may contribute to the spread of ESBL-producing NTS and compromise the therapeutic activity of extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	205-216	EsbL	Escherichia coli	125-129
26391612-3	2015	RESULTS: Cefprozil was more active than ciprofloxacin against non-ESBL-producing E. coli (93.7% vs 80.2%, p &lt; 0.0001); this was not the case for cefixime (85.7% vs 80.2%, p: 0.125).	Ciprofloxacin	40-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
27358749-7	2016	Given the fact that ST648 has been known to associate with either New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1 or ESBL, our results highlighted the possibility of ST648 as an epidemic clone with multidrug resistances.	st648	20-25	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-108
26816887-12	2015	CONCLUSION: Fosfomycin showed good activity against both ESBL-producing and ESBL-negative E. coli isolates.	Fosfomycin	12-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
26816887-12	2015	CONCLUSION: Fosfomycin showed good activity against both ESBL-producing and ESBL-negative E. coli isolates.	Fosfomycin	12-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
26552975-1	2016	Ceftolozane plus tazobactam is an antipseudomonal cephalosporin combined with tazobactam, an established beta-lactamase inhibitor, and has in vitro potency against a range of clinically important beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, including most extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Enterobacteriaceae.	ceftolozane	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	246-278
26385248-3	2015	Cefotaxime resistant strains were screened for the presence of ESBL, adhesin and exotoxin genes as well as for their biofilm-forming ability.	Cefotaxime	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	63-67
26617578-1	2015	Emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance, and specifically resistance to third generation cephalosporins associated with extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) activity, is one of the greatest epidemiological challenges of our time.	Cephalosporins	95-109	EsbL	Escherichia coli	160-164
26617578-5	2015	The biological nature of ceftriaxone degradation in soil was supported by microcosm experiments that amended model Escherichia coli strains to sterile and non-sterile soils in the presence and absence of ceftriaxone and by the ubiquitous presence of ESBL genes (blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and blaOXA) in soil DNA extracts.	Ceftriaxone	25-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	250-254
26552975-1	2016	Ceftolozane plus tazobactam is an antipseudomonal cephalosporin combined with tazobactam, an established beta-lactamase inhibitor, and has in vitro potency against a range of clinically important beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, including most extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Enterobacteriaceae.	Tazobactam	17-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	246-278
26552975-1	2016	Ceftolozane plus tazobactam is an antipseudomonal cephalosporin combined with tazobactam, an established beta-lactamase inhibitor, and has in vitro potency against a range of clinically important beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, including most extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Enterobacteriaceae.	Cephalosporins	50-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	246-278
26605249-8	2015	RESULTS: On disk diffusion test, 59 of 90 isolates were resistant to third generation of cephalosporins; of these 37 (62.7%) and 3 (5%) were ESBL and AmpC producers, respectively.	Cephalosporins	89-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	141-145
26675893-12	2015	Klebsiella spp.- ESBL producing isolates showed female preponderance, hospital acquired infections, from surgical wards, high resistance levels to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, monobactam, but low levels to carbapenems, among males isolated from pus in age group &gt;0-28 days and &gt;28 days -1 year and among females from urine in &gt;20-30 years, no significant difference when correlated with risk factors.	Cephalosporins	147-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
26675893-12	2015	Klebsiella spp.- ESBL producing isolates showed female preponderance, hospital acquired infections, from surgical wards, high resistance levels to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, monobactam, but low levels to carbapenems, among males isolated from pus in age group &gt;0-28 days and &gt;28 days -1 year and among females from urine in &gt;20-30 years, no significant difference when correlated with risk factors.	Fluoroquinolones	163-179	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
26675893-12	2015	Klebsiella spp.- ESBL producing isolates showed female preponderance, hospital acquired infections, from surgical wards, high resistance levels to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, monobactam, but low levels to carbapenems, among males isolated from pus in age group &gt;0-28 days and &gt;28 days -1 year and among females from urine in &gt;20-30 years, no significant difference when correlated with risk factors.	Monobactams	181-191	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
26675893-12	2015	Klebsiella spp.- ESBL producing isolates showed female preponderance, hospital acquired infections, from surgical wards, high resistance levels to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, monobactam, but low levels to carbapenems, among males isolated from pus in age group &gt;0-28 days and &gt;28 days -1 year and among females from urine in &gt;20-30 years, no significant difference when correlated with risk factors.	Carbapenems	211-222	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
26464143-0	2015	Aminoglycoside therapy for childhood urinary tract infection due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Aminoglycosides	0-14	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-100
26464143-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The rate of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacterial strains requiring carbapenem therapy has been increasing in children.	Carbapenems	141-151	EsbL	Escherichia coli	63-95
26464143-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The rate of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacterial strains requiring carbapenem therapy has been increasing in children.	Carbapenems	141-151	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
26464143-2	2015	This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of non-carbapenem antibiotic therapy on childhood UTIs caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Carbapenems	55-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	113-117
26464143-11	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Non-carbapenem antibiotics showed favourable therapeutic effects on childhood UTIs caused by ESBL-producing strains.	Carbapenems	17-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-110
26482308-5	2016	Although most ESBL-positive hospital-acquired isolates were resistant to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, the majority were susceptible to cefoxitin (47.9% to 83.9%).	Cephalosporins	102-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
26482308-5	2016	Although most ESBL-positive hospital-acquired isolates were resistant to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, the majority were susceptible to cefoxitin (47.9% to 83.9%).	Cefoxitin	151-160	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
26482308-6	2016	Susceptibilities of ESBL-positive isolates to ampicillin-sulbactam (&lt;10%) were low, whereas susceptibilities to ciprofloxacin (0% to 54.6%) and levofloxacin (0% to 63.6%) varied substantially.	sultamicillin	46-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
26482308-6	2016	Susceptibilities of ESBL-positive isolates to ampicillin-sulbactam (&lt;10%) were low, whereas susceptibilities to ciprofloxacin (0% to 54.6%) and levofloxacin (0% to 63.6%) varied substantially.	Levofloxacin	147-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
26482308-7	2016	The prevalences of cephalosporin-susceptible E. coli and K. pneumoniae were higher in the northeastern and southern regions than in the central and eastern regions, reflecting the ESBL-positive rates in these areas, and were lowest in the Jiangsu-Zhejiang (Jiang-Zhe) area where the rates of carbapenem resistance were also highest.	Cephalosporins	19-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	180-184
26472561-2	2015	Therefore, the objective of the study was to determine the input of antimicrobial active ceftiofur metabolites in the stable via faeces and urine after intramuscular administration of the drug to pigs and the elucidation of the Escherichia coli ESBL resistance pattern of treated and untreated pigs housed in the same barn during therapy.	ceftiofur	89-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	245-249
26605249-12	2015	This work showed that boronic acid can differentiate ESBL enzymes from AmpC enzymes.	Boronic Acids	22-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	53-57
26649418-13	2015	CTX-CLA indices (p= 0.001) shown a better determination of ESBL when CAZ-CLA and CTX-CLA indices were compared statistically.	caz-cla	69-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
26338143-0	2015	Fate of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Faecal Sources in Surface Water and Probability of Human Exposure through Swimming.	Water	99-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-40
26649418-1	2015	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), produced by Enterobacteriaceae members are enzymes that especially cause a resistance to cephalosporin group antibiotics commonly used in clinics.	Cephalosporins	131-144	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-33
26649418-1	2015	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), produced by Enterobacteriaceae members are enzymes that especially cause a resistance to cephalosporin group antibiotics commonly used in clinics.	Cephalosporins	131-144	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
26649418-13	2015	CTX-CLA indices (p= 0.001) shown a better determination of ESBL when CAZ-CLA and CTX-CLA indices were compared statistically.	ctx-cla	81-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
26649418-11	2015	The mean index values for CTX-CLA in ESBL positive strains according to their genotypic characteristics were between 1.14 and 7.22, while those values for CAZ-CLA were between 0.85 and 5.6.	ctx-cla	26-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
26649418-12	2015	When the two groups of 38 ESBL positive and 10 ESBL negative strains were evaluated, statistically significant difference was detected for both CAZ-CLA and CTX-CLA indices (p&lt; 0.005).	caz-cla	144-151	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
26649418-12	2015	When the two groups of 38 ESBL positive and 10 ESBL negative strains were evaluated, statistically significant difference was detected for both CAZ-CLA and CTX-CLA indices (p&lt; 0.005).	caz-cla	144-151	EsbL	Escherichia coli	47-51
26649418-12	2015	When the two groups of 38 ESBL positive and 10 ESBL negative strains were evaluated, statistically significant difference was detected for both CAZ-CLA and CTX-CLA indices (p&lt; 0.005).	ctx-cla	156-163	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
26649418-12	2015	When the two groups of 38 ESBL positive and 10 ESBL negative strains were evaluated, statistically significant difference was detected for both CAZ-CLA and CTX-CLA indices (p&lt; 0.005).	ctx-cla	156-163	EsbL	Escherichia coli	47-51
26649418-13	2015	CTX-CLA indices (p= 0.001) shown a better determination of ESBL when CAZ-CLA and CTX-CLA indices were compared statistically.	ctx-cla	0-7	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
26732925-1	2015	The aim of the study was to determine the genotype of 15 ESBL strains of Enterobacteriaceae resistant to beta-lactams, isolated from inanimate surfaces and phenotypically characterized as producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.	beta-Lactams	105-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
26217333-1	2015	The emergence of extended- spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is the underlying cause of growing antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	36-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
26421132-0	2015	Sulfonamide Resistance Genes (sul) M in Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) and Non-ESBL Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Iranian Hospitals.	Sulfonamides	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-72
26124169-1	2015	The aim of this study was to improve the understanding of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of fosfomycin against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains that have different fosfomycin MICs.	Fosfomycin	111-121	EsbL	Escherichia coli	130-162
25921760-3	2015	The results showed that ESBL-producing E. coli from swine feces and downstream water of the pig farm outfall overlapped substantially in drug resistance and ESBL genes.	Water	79-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
25921760-3	2015	The results showed that ESBL-producing E. coli from swine feces and downstream water of the pig farm outfall overlapped substantially in drug resistance and ESBL genes.	Water	79-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
25921760-4	2015	Additionally, six ESBL-producing E. coli from the downstream water exhibited 100 % genetic similarity with strains from the swine feces.	Water	61-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
25821088-0	2015	Prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from rural well water in Taian, China, 2014.	Water	128-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-66
26283835-9	2015	All ESBL producers were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (83.10%), cotrimoxazole (95.27%), and gentamicin (89.18%).	Ciprofloxacin	44-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26026972-0	2015	Antimicrobial susceptibilities of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in health care-associated urinary tract infection: focus on susceptibility to fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	198-208	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-66
26283835-9	2015	All ESBL producers were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (83.10%), cotrimoxazole (95.27%), and gentamicin (89.18%).	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	68-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26283835-9	2015	All ESBL producers were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (83.10%), cotrimoxazole (95.27%), and gentamicin (89.18%).	Gentamicins	96-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26283835-11	2015	CONCLUSION: Our study showed that ESBL producing organisms were not only resistant to cephalosporins but also to other group of drugs and also that multiple mechanisms play a role in drug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria.	Cephalosporins	86-100	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
25917963-9	2015	CTX-M-15 was the most prevalent ESBL produced.	ctx-m-15	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
25791254-0	2015	Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in vegetables, soil and water of the farm environment in Tunisia.	Water	106-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	47-51
25791254-3	2015	ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-Eb) were detected in 10 of the 109 farm samples (vegetables, 8.2%; soil, 7.3%; water, 15.8%), and in 4 of 45 vegetables of markets (8.9%), recovering 15 ESBL-Eb.	Water	119-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
25791254-3	2015	ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-Eb) were detected in 10 of the 109 farm samples (vegetables, 8.2%; soil, 7.3%; water, 15.8%), and in 4 of 45 vegetables of markets (8.9%), recovering 15 ESBL-Eb.	Water	119-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
25791254-3	2015	ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-Eb) were detected in 10 of the 109 farm samples (vegetables, 8.2%; soil, 7.3%; water, 15.8%), and in 4 of 45 vegetables of markets (8.9%), recovering 15 ESBL-Eb.	Water	119-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
26038909-4	2015	Twelve (5%) of the 238 RTE products and one of the recycled wash water samples yielded ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Water	65-70	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-91
24865414-5	2015	Comparison of biofilm production in brain-heart infusion (BHI) and in BHI with 4% glucose supplementation showed that ESBL-positive strains produced biofilm in BHI with glucose less intensely than the control group (p &lt; 0.05).	Glucose	82-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	118-122
24865414-5	2015	Comparison of biofilm production in brain-heart infusion (BHI) and in BHI with 4% glucose supplementation showed that ESBL-positive strains produced biofilm in BHI with glucose less intensely than the control group (p &lt; 0.05).	Glucose	169-176	EsbL	Escherichia coli	118-122
24865414-6	2015	Most ESBL producers were ciprofloxacin-resistant (91.8%).	Ciprofloxacin	25-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
24865414-7	2015	Biochemical analyses revealed that ESBL producers more frequently utilized inositol, ornithine, sorbitol, melibiose, and saccharose, whereas the control group more frequently used esculin, lysine, arginine, and dulcitol.	Inositol	75-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24865414-7	2015	Biochemical analyses revealed that ESBL producers more frequently utilized inositol, ornithine, sorbitol, melibiose, and saccharose, whereas the control group more frequently used esculin, lysine, arginine, and dulcitol.	Ornithine	85-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24865414-7	2015	Biochemical analyses revealed that ESBL producers more frequently utilized inositol, ornithine, sorbitol, melibiose, and saccharose, whereas the control group more frequently used esculin, lysine, arginine, and dulcitol.	Sorbitol	96-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24865414-7	2015	Biochemical analyses revealed that ESBL producers more frequently utilized inositol, ornithine, sorbitol, melibiose, and saccharose, whereas the control group more frequently used esculin, lysine, arginine, and dulcitol.	Melibiose	106-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24865414-7	2015	Biochemical analyses revealed that ESBL producers more frequently utilized inositol, ornithine, sorbitol, melibiose, and saccharose, whereas the control group more frequently used esculin, lysine, arginine, and dulcitol.	Sucrose	121-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24865414-7	2015	Biochemical analyses revealed that ESBL producers more frequently utilized inositol, ornithine, sorbitol, melibiose, and saccharose, whereas the control group more frequently used esculin, lysine, arginine, and dulcitol.	Esculin	180-187	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24865414-7	2015	Biochemical analyses revealed that ESBL producers more frequently utilized inositol, ornithine, sorbitol, melibiose, and saccharose, whereas the control group more frequently used esculin, lysine, arginine, and dulcitol.	Lysine	189-195	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24865414-7	2015	Biochemical analyses revealed that ESBL producers more frequently utilized inositol, ornithine, sorbitol, melibiose, and saccharose, whereas the control group more frequently used esculin, lysine, arginine, and dulcitol.	Arginine	197-205	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24865414-7	2015	Biochemical analyses revealed that ESBL producers more frequently utilized inositol, ornithine, sorbitol, melibiose, and saccharose, whereas the control group more frequently used esculin, lysine, arginine, and dulcitol.	Galactitol	211-219	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
25649300-8	2015	Male gender, invasive intervention, antibiotic use and bacterial extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production contributed to invasive infections by carbapenem-heteroresistant E. coli (CHEC).	Carbapenems	154-164	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
25849107-1	2015	The amperometric detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) with carbon screen-printed sensors was investigated in the presence of the Nitrocefin, a commercially-available beta-lactamase chromogenic cephalosporin substrate.	Carbon	75-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	30-62
25849107-1	2015	The amperometric detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) with carbon screen-printed sensors was investigated in the presence of the Nitrocefin, a commercially-available beta-lactamase chromogenic cephalosporin substrate.	Carbon	75-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	64-68
25849107-1	2015	The amperometric detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) with carbon screen-printed sensors was investigated in the presence of the Nitrocefin, a commercially-available beta-lactamase chromogenic cephalosporin substrate.	nitrocefin	145-155	EsbL	Escherichia coli	30-62
25849107-1	2015	The amperometric detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) with carbon screen-printed sensors was investigated in the presence of the Nitrocefin, a commercially-available beta-lactamase chromogenic cephalosporin substrate.	nitrocefin	145-155	EsbL	Escherichia coli	64-68
25849107-1	2015	The amperometric detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) with carbon screen-printed sensors was investigated in the presence of the Nitrocefin, a commercially-available beta-lactamase chromogenic cephalosporin substrate.	Cephalosporins	209-222	EsbL	Escherichia coli	30-62
26030904-9	2015	Most cefotaxime-resistant E. coliisolates produced ESBL.	Cefotaxime	5-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-55
25849107-1	2015	The amperometric detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) with carbon screen-printed sensors was investigated in the presence of the Nitrocefin, a commercially-available beta-lactamase chromogenic cephalosporin substrate.	Cephalosporins	209-222	EsbL	Escherichia coli	64-68
25849107-2	2015	Using an ESBL isolated from a clinical sample, it was shown for the first time that the intensity of a specific anodic pic current (EP = ~+0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl) resulting from the catalytic hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring was proportional to the amount of ESBL.	beta-Lactams	205-216	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
25849107-2	2015	Using an ESBL isolated from a clinical sample, it was shown for the first time that the intensity of a specific anodic pic current (EP = ~+0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl) resulting from the catalytic hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring was proportional to the amount of ESBL.	beta-Lactams	205-216	EsbL	Escherichia coli	256-260
25649300-9	2015	The production of ESBL was identified as the common independent risk factor for heteroresistance to both ertapenem and imipenem.	Ertapenem	105-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
25649300-9	2015	The production of ESBL was identified as the common independent risk factor for heteroresistance to both ertapenem and imipenem.	Imipenem	119-127	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
25600890-1	2015	The objective of this study was to better understand the in vitro activity of flomoxef against clinical extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	flomoxef	78-86	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-136
25600890-1	2015	The objective of this study was to better understand the in vitro activity of flomoxef against clinical extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	flomoxef	78-86	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
25600890-6	2015	Flomoxef, doripenem, meropenem, ertapenem, cefmetazole and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing isolates, with susceptibility rates &gt;90%.	flomoxef	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
25600890-6	2015	Flomoxef, doripenem, meropenem, ertapenem, cefmetazole and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing isolates, with susceptibility rates &gt;90%.	Doripenem	10-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
25600890-6	2015	Flomoxef, doripenem, meropenem, ertapenem, cefmetazole and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing isolates, with susceptibility rates &gt;90%.	Meropenem	21-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
25600890-6	2015	Flomoxef, doripenem, meropenem, ertapenem, cefmetazole and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing isolates, with susceptibility rates &gt;90%.	Ertapenem	32-41	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
25600890-6	2015	Flomoxef, doripenem, meropenem, ertapenem, cefmetazole and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing isolates, with susceptibility rates &gt;90%.	Cefmetazole	43-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
25600890-6	2015	Flomoxef, doripenem, meropenem, ertapenem, cefmetazole and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing isolates, with susceptibility rates &gt;90%.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	59-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
25600890-8	2015	Cefotaxime and cefepime showed very low activities against ESBL-producing isolates, with susceptibility rates of 0-0.8% and 1.0-13.6%, respectively.	Cefotaxime	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
25600890-8	2015	Cefotaxime and cefepime showed very low activities against ESBL-producing isolates, with susceptibility rates of 0-0.8% and 1.0-13.6%, respectively.	Cefepime	15-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
25600890-11	2015	Flomoxef exhibited excellent activity against the different CTX-M-type ESBL-producing isolates, with MIC50 and MIC90 values of 0.064-0.125mug/mL and 0.25-0.5mug/mL, respectively.	flomoxef	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
25600890-13	2015	In conclusion, flomoxef showed good activity against ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and may be a choice to treat infections caused by these isolates in China.	flomoxef	15-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	53-57
25600841-3	2015	The overall MIC levels against imipenem and meropenem for subgroups of ESBL producers of 3 Enterobacteriaceae species were significantly higher than those of respective overall groups in 2007 and 2009.	Imipenem	31-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
25893997-3	2015	In total, 119 ESBL-producing E. coli were isolated from feces, air samples, water, sludge and soil samples.	Water	76-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
25600841-3	2015	The overall MIC levels against imipenem and meropenem for subgroups of ESBL producers of 3 Enterobacteriaceae species were significantly higher than those of respective overall groups in 2007 and 2009.	Meropenem	44-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
25600841-5	2015	The prominent rises in rates of ertapenem non-susceptibility for ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae during 2005-2009 and rate of ESBL positivity for E. cloacae between 4 years were notably found.	Ertapenem	32-41	EsbL	Escherichia coli	65-69
25600841-6	2015	Based on our findings, ertapenem should be used cautiously in management of the ICU infections caused by these potentially ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Taiwan.	Ertapenem	23-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	123-127
26167826-15	2015	The stability of the percentage of ESBL positivity may indicate a positive change in the habit of the usage of beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	111-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
26167826-16	2015	According to the results of our study, the most effective drugs for ESBL-producing isolates were piperacillin-tazobactam among inhibitor combinations, amikacin among aminoglycosides and nitrofurantoin among orally-used drugs.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	97-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
26167826-16	2015	According to the results of our study, the most effective drugs for ESBL-producing isolates were piperacillin-tazobactam among inhibitor combinations, amikacin among aminoglycosides and nitrofurantoin among orally-used drugs.	Amikacin	151-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
25398058-9	2015	Although 52.4% and 66.7% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime, respectively, 96.7% of all the isolates and 90.5% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	76-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
26167826-16	2015	According to the results of our study, the most effective drugs for ESBL-producing isolates were piperacillin-tazobactam among inhibitor combinations, amikacin among aminoglycosides and nitrofurantoin among orally-used drugs.	Aminoglycosides	166-181	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
25398058-9	2015	Although 52.4% and 66.7% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime, respectively, 96.7% of all the isolates and 90.5% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	76-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	171-175
25398058-9	2015	Although 52.4% and 66.7% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime, respectively, 96.7% of all the isolates and 90.5% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside.	Cefepime	104-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
26167826-16	2015	According to the results of our study, the most effective drugs for ESBL-producing isolates were piperacillin-tazobactam among inhibitor combinations, amikacin among aminoglycosides and nitrofurantoin among orally-used drugs.	Nitrofurantoin	186-200	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
25398058-9	2015	Although 52.4% and 66.7% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime, respectively, 96.7% of all the isolates and 90.5% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside.	Cefepime	104-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	171-175
25591816-7	2015	Most strains may have other resistance mechanisms, and the ESBL positive strains have high resistance not only to cephalosporins but also to other kinds of antibiotics.	Cephalosporins	114-128	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
25398058-9	2015	Although 52.4% and 66.7% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime, respectively, 96.7% of all the isolates and 90.5% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside.	Piperacillin	76-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
25398058-9	2015	Although 52.4% and 66.7% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime, respectively, 96.7% of all the isolates and 90.5% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside.	Piperacillin	76-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	171-175
25398058-9	2015	Although 52.4% and 66.7% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime, respectively, 96.7% of all the isolates and 90.5% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside.	Tazobactam	89-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
25398058-9	2015	Although 52.4% and 66.7% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime, respectively, 96.7% of all the isolates and 90.5% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside.	Cefepime	242-250	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
25398058-9	2015	Although 52.4% and 66.7% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime, respectively, 96.7% of all the isolates and 90.5% of the ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside.	Aminoglycosides	271-285	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
25398058-10	2015	In conclusion, the ESBL group did not show a significantly unfavorable outcome, and empirical therapy with piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside might be more useful for febrile neutropenic children, instead of beta-lactam monotherapy in institutions with high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	107-130	EsbL	Escherichia coli	308-312
25398058-10	2015	In conclusion, the ESBL group did not show a significantly unfavorable outcome, and empirical therapy with piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside might be more useful for febrile neutropenic children, instead of beta-lactam monotherapy in institutions with high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae.	Cefepime	134-142	EsbL	Escherichia coli	308-312
25398058-10	2015	In conclusion, the ESBL group did not show a significantly unfavorable outcome, and empirical therapy with piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in combination with aminoglycoside might be more useful for febrile neutropenic children, instead of beta-lactam monotherapy in institutions with high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae.	Aminoglycosides	163-177	EsbL	Escherichia coli	308-312
25627207-7	2015	CTX-M-type enzymes were detected in 92.0 % of the ESBL-producing isolates, of which 83.1 % were resistant to three or more non-beta-lactam drugs.	beta-Lactams	127-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	50-54
25716293-0	2015	beta-lactam and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations in the treatment of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae: time for a reappraisal in the era of few antibiotic options?	beta-Lactams	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	74-106
25716293-2	2015	Carbapenems are the treatment of choice for serious infections caused by ESBL producers; however, carbapenem resistance has increased globally.	Carbapenems	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
25716293-3	2015	ESBL producers might be susceptible to beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor (BLBLI) combination antibiotics such piperacillin-tazobactam or amoxicillin-clavulanate.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	113-136	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
25716293-3	2015	ESBL producers might be susceptible to beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor (BLBLI) combination antibiotics such piperacillin-tazobactam or amoxicillin-clavulanate.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	140-163	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
23973410-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The data on susceptibility of important cephalosporins against four Enterobacteriaceae members producing potential extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) collected from Taiwanese intensive care units are lacking.	Cephalosporins	52-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	161-165
23973410-4	2015	The double-disk synergy test using disks containing cefepime (30 mug) with or without clavulanate (10 mug) was applied to confirm production of ESBL for isolates with cephalosporin MIC &gt;= 2 mug/mL.	Cefepime	52-60	EsbL	Escherichia coli	144-148
23973410-4	2015	The double-disk synergy test using disks containing cefepime (30 mug) with or without clavulanate (10 mug) was applied to confirm production of ESBL for isolates with cephalosporin MIC &gt;= 2 mug/mL.	Cephalosporins	167-180	EsbL	Escherichia coli	144-148
23973410-6	2015	The rates of cefepime susceptibility among the ESBL-producing isolates, according to CLSI (EUCAST) criteria, were 56.7% (22.4%) for E. coli, 61.3% (12.0%) for K. pneumoniae, 57.9% (31.6%) for E. cloacae, and 71.4% (7.1%) for P. mirabilis.	Cefepime	13-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	47-51
23973410-6	2015	The rates of cefepime susceptibility among the ESBL-producing isolates, according to CLSI (EUCAST) criteria, were 56.7% (22.4%) for E. coli, 61.3% (12.0%) for K. pneumoniae, 57.9% (31.6%) for E. cloacae, and 71.4% (7.1%) for P. mirabilis.	clsi	85-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	47-51
23973410-8	2015	In addition, we also found that the cefepime MIC level of 1.0 mug/mL best distinguished non-ESBL- from ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae.	Cefepime	36-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-96
23973410-8	2015	In addition, we also found that the cefepime MIC level of 1.0 mug/mL best distinguished non-ESBL- from ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae.	Cefepime	36-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-107
25433242-0	2015	Ceftibuten-induced filamentation of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli alters host cell responses during an in vitro infection.	Ceftibuten	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	36-68
26349119-3	2015	Fosfomycin is active against most strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and several multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, e.g., Escherichia coli strains expressing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with decreased susceptibilities to carbapenems.	Fosfomycin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	197-201
25807645-5	2015	Only one of the 36 E. coli strains isolated from these five water samples was found to be extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) positive.	Water	60-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	90-122
25625011-10	2014	CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that treatment with beta-lactam and non-beta-lactam antibiotics is a risk factor for acquiring ESBL-producing E. coli CAUTI, and the prevalence of this organism may be increasing in acute care hospitals.	beta-Lactams	62-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	137-141
26753321-0	2015	Quinolone resistance mechanisms among extended-spectrum beta-lacta- mase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from farm animals in Switzerland.	Quinolones	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-72
26753321-0	2015	Quinolone resistance mechanisms among extended-spectrum beta-lacta- mase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from farm animals in Switzerland.	Quinolones	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	74-78
26028418-4	2015	The success rate of carbapenem was 95.8% (23/24) in patients with ESBL-producing E. coli bacteremia.	Carbapenems	20-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
26028418-5	2015	In addition, the success rate of cefmetazole against ESBL-producing E. coli sensitive to this drug was 87.5% (7/8).	Cefmetazole	33-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	53-57
26028418-6	2015	In conclusion, patients at high risk of infection due to ESBL-producing E. coli should be empirically treated with carbapenem antibiotics.	Carbapenems	115-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
26028418-7	2015	In addition, cefmetazole may be a treatment option for patients with ESBL-producing E. coli bacteremia.	Cefmetazole	13-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
25625011-10	2014	CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that treatment with beta-lactam and non-beta-lactam antibiotics is a risk factor for acquiring ESBL-producing E. coli CAUTI, and the prevalence of this organism may be increasing in acute care hospitals.	beta-Lactams	82-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	137-141
25179392-2	2014	The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of amikacin treatment in adult patients with lower UTIs due to ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (Ec) or Klebsiella pneumonia (Kp).	Amikacin	86-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	146-150
26120573-15	2014	The ESBL producers were highly susceptible to imipenem (95%), nitrofurantoin (66%) but less susceptible to ampicillin (4%) and ticarcillin (7%).	Imipenem	46-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26120573-15	2014	The ESBL producers were highly susceptible to imipenem (95%), nitrofurantoin (66%) but less susceptible to ampicillin (4%) and ticarcillin (7%).	Nitrofurantoin	62-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26120573-15	2014	The ESBL producers were highly susceptible to imipenem (95%), nitrofurantoin (66%) but less susceptible to ampicillin (4%) and ticarcillin (7%).	Ampicillin	107-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26120573-15	2014	The ESBL producers were highly susceptible to imipenem (95%), nitrofurantoin (66%) but less susceptible to ampicillin (4%) and ticarcillin (7%).	Ticarcillin	127-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26120573-17	2014	The ESBL producers are highly susceptible to imipenem, but very resistant to ciprofloxacin.	Imipenem	45-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26120573-17	2014	The ESBL producers are highly susceptible to imipenem, but very resistant to ciprofloxacin.	Ciprofloxacin	77-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
25179392-3	2014	We conducted a retrospective study of 36 outpatients aged &gt;18 years with dysuria or problems with frequency or urgency in passing urine; pyuria and a positive urine culture (10(5) cfu/ml) for ESBL producing Ec or Kp which is also resistant to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, quinolones and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, between January 2013 and February 2014.	Nitrofurantoin	246-260	EsbL	Escherichia coli	195-199
25179392-3	2014	We conducted a retrospective study of 36 outpatients aged &gt;18 years with dysuria or problems with frequency or urgency in passing urine; pyuria and a positive urine culture (10(5) cfu/ml) for ESBL producing Ec or Kp which is also resistant to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, quinolones and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, between January 2013 and February 2014.	Fosfomycin	262-272	EsbL	Escherichia coli	195-199
25179392-3	2014	We conducted a retrospective study of 36 outpatients aged &gt;18 years with dysuria or problems with frequency or urgency in passing urine; pyuria and a positive urine culture (10(5) cfu/ml) for ESBL producing Ec or Kp which is also resistant to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, quinolones and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, between January 2013 and February 2014.	Quinolones	274-284	EsbL	Escherichia coli	195-199
25179392-3	2014	We conducted a retrospective study of 36 outpatients aged &gt;18 years with dysuria or problems with frequency or urgency in passing urine; pyuria and a positive urine culture (10(5) cfu/ml) for ESBL producing Ec or Kp which is also resistant to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, quinolones and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, between January 2013 and February 2014.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	289-318	EsbL	Escherichia coli	195-199
25179392-15	2014	The clinicians should keep in mind that amikacin treatment is an efficient and safe alternative treatment option before the carbapenem treatment especially in patients with lower UTIs caused by ESBL-producing Ec or Kp that are resistant to all oral antibiotics.	Amikacin	40-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	194-198
24959675-2	2014	RESULTS: Out of 109 ESBL-producing UPEC isolates, the CTX-M-15-producing E. coli O25b-ST131 was detected in 55 (50.5%) and the CTX-M-27-producing E. coli O25b-ST131 in 40 isolates (36.7%).	ctx-m-15	54-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
25796742-1	2014	Recently, the community pandemic infections of cefotaxime (CTX)-M type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria, which is mostly resistant to CTX, has been well-known as major problems.	Cefotaxime	47-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	105-109
25491848-0	2014	Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the Streptomyces coelicolor klmp33 pigment: an antimicrobial agent against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli.	Silver	13-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-147
25103169-0	2014	ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in environmental water in Dhaka, Bangladesh.	Water	51-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
25491848-0	2014	Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the Streptomyces coelicolor klmp33 pigment: an antimicrobial agent against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli.	Silver	13-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	149-153
25491848-2	2014	In the present investigation, we developed a synthesis for silver nanoparticles employing a pigment produced by Streptomyces coelicolor klmp33, and assessed the antimicrobial activity of these nanoparticles against ESBL producing E. coli.	Silver	59-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	215-219
25103169-2	2014	We examined surface water in Dhaka, capital of Bangladesh and isolated ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae, suggesting the potential role of water for the dissemination and transmission of resistant genes among microorganisms.	Water	20-25	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
25103169-2	2014	We examined surface water in Dhaka, capital of Bangladesh and isolated ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae, suggesting the potential role of water for the dissemination and transmission of resistant genes among microorganisms.	Water	185-190	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
25302491-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Resistance to cephalosporins in Enterobacteriaceae is mainly due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Cephalosporins	26-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-130
25315803-3	2014	He had recurrent sepsis immediately after discontinuation of intravenous meropenem to which the ESBL was sensitive.	Meropenem	73-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
25302491-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Resistance to cephalosporins in Enterobacteriaceae is mainly due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Cephalosporins	26-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
25107431-1	2014	Carbapenem-resistant Escherichiacoli isolates harboring carbapenemases or combining an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzyme with loss of porins present an increasingly urgent clinical danger.	Carbapenems	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-119
24908045-0	2014	Characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli obtained from Danish pigs, pig farmers and their families from farms with high or no consumption of third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	215-229	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-52
25107431-1	2014	Carbapenem-resistant Escherichiacoli isolates harboring carbapenemases or combining an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzyme with loss of porins present an increasingly urgent clinical danger.	Carbapenems	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
24920651-1	2014	OBJECTIVES: Nine extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy humans and food-producing animals were found to transfer their cefotaxime resistance marker at high frequency in laboratory conjugation experiments.	Cefotaxime	169-179	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-55
24928854-0	2014	The efficacy of non-carbapenem antibiotics for the treatment of community-onset acute pyelonephritis due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli.	Carbapenems	20-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-140
24928854-2	2014	We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of non-carbapenem antibiotics for acute pyelonephritis (APN) due to ESBL-producing E. coli.	Carbapenems	41-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	102-106
24928854-12	2014	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that non-carbapenem antibiotics were as effective as carbapenems as definitive therapy for treating community-onset APN caused by ESBL-producing E. coli if they are active in vitro.	Carbapenems	88-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	165-169
24942333-11	2014	CONCLUSIONS: The incidence-density rate of carbapenemase-producing isolates per 1000 hospital-days was low and 30-fold lower than that of carbapenem-NS isolates (0.125) and almost 300-fold lower than that of ESBL-producing isolates (1.104) in these French hospitals.	Carbapenems	43-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	208-212
23834784-8	2014	The ciprofloxacin resistance of the ESBL-producing E. coli increased significantly in this period (p = 0.006).	Ciprofloxacin	4-17	EsbL	Escherichia coli	36-40
23834784-10	2014	Moreover, previous exposure to third-generation cephalosporins (p &lt; 0.001) and aminoglycosides (p &lt; 0.001) was associated with the selection of ESBL-producing E. coli.	Cephalosporins	48-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	150-154
23834784-10	2014	Moreover, previous exposure to third-generation cephalosporins (p &lt; 0.001) and aminoglycosides (p &lt; 0.001) was associated with the selection of ESBL-producing E. coli.	Aminoglycosides	82-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	150-154
23834784-12	2014	CONCLUSIONS: ESBL-producing E. coli gradually became coresistant to other broad-spectrum antibiotics, notably ciprofloxacin.	Ciprofloxacin	110-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
24856867-6	2014	Furthermore, ESBL-producing E. coli from stool samples were significantly more resistant to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and/or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole than chicken isolates.	Fluoroquinolones	92-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
25492650-2	2014	The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro activity of fosfomycin, presented as a favorable choice for the treatment of UTIs caused especially by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains.	Fosfomycin	62-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	187-191
25492650-9	2014	In the study, the resistance rates of ESBL-producing isolates to ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin and amikacin were detected as 67%, 51%, 51% and 19%, respectively, while those rates were as 9%, 21%, 4% and 11%, respectively in non-ESBL producers.	Ciprofloxacin	65-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
25492650-9	2014	In the study, the resistance rates of ESBL-producing isolates to ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin and amikacin were detected as 67%, 51%, 51% and 19%, respectively, while those rates were as 9%, 21%, 4% and 11%, respectively in non-ESBL producers.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	80-109	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
25492650-9	2014	In the study, the resistance rates of ESBL-producing isolates to ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin and amikacin were detected as 67%, 51%, 51% and 19%, respectively, while those rates were as 9%, 21%, 4% and 11%, respectively in non-ESBL producers.	Gentamicins	111-121	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
25492650-9	2014	In the study, the resistance rates of ESBL-producing isolates to ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin and amikacin were detected as 67%, 51%, 51% and 19%, respectively, while those rates were as 9%, 21%, 4% and 11%, respectively in non-ESBL producers.	Amikacin	126-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
25492650-9	2014	In the study, the resistance rates of ESBL-producing isolates to ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin and amikacin were detected as 67%, 51%, 51% and 19%, respectively, while those rates were as 9%, 21%, 4% and 11%, respectively in non-ESBL producers.	Amikacin	126-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	256-260
25492650-11	2014	Fosfomycin resistance of ESBL-producing and non-producing isolates were 3% and 1%, respectively, indicating no significant difference between the two groups (p= 0.356).	Fosfomycin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	25-29
25492650-12	2014	According to fosfomycin MIC breakpoints defined by CLSI, 98.3% of ESBL-producing isolates and 100% of non-producing isolates were found susceptible to fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	13-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
25492650-12	2014	According to fosfomycin MIC breakpoints defined by CLSI, 98.3% of ESBL-producing isolates and 100% of non-producing isolates were found susceptible to fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	151-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
25492650-13	2014	According to EUCAST recommendations 98.3% of ESBL-producing isolates and 99.2% of non-producing isolates were found susceptible to fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	131-141	EsbL	Escherichia coli	45-49
25492650-17	2014	It was concluded that fosfomycin which had a high activity against ESBL-producing isolates was an appropriate alternative antibiotic in the treatment of UTIs.	Fosfomycin	22-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-71
25100821-9	2014	Reporting errors for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and piperacillin-tazobactam in Escherichia coli infection cases were almost exclusively due to the presence of broad-spectrum- and extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing microorganisms (79% and 20% of all errors, respectively).	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	21-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	180-212
25100821-9	2014	Reporting errors for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and piperacillin-tazobactam in Escherichia coli infection cases were almost exclusively due to the presence of broad-spectrum- and extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing microorganisms (79% and 20% of all errors, respectively).	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	53-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	180-212
25222304-15	2014	Ceftaroline exhibited good activity against non-ESBL phenotype strains of E. coli and Klebsiella spp.	T 91825	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-52
25222304-17	2014	CONCLUSION: Ceftaroline demonstrated potent in vitro activity when tested against S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, beta-hemolytic streptococci and non-ESBL-phenotype E. coli and Klebsiella spp.	T 91825	12-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	159-163
25068267-3	2014	A novel oligonucleotide microarray-based assay was developed to simultaneously detect genes encoding clinically important carbapenemases as well as selected extended (ESBL) and narrow spectrum (NSBL) beta-lactamases directly from clonal culture material within few hours.	Oligonucleotides	8-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	167-171
24856867-6	2014	Furthermore, ESBL-producing E. coli from stool samples were significantly more resistant to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and/or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole than chicken isolates.	Aminoglycosides	110-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
24856867-6	2014	Furthermore, ESBL-producing E. coli from stool samples were significantly more resistant to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and/or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole than chicken isolates.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	133-162	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
24755830-0	2014	Quinolone resistance mechanisms among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from rivers and lakes in Switzerland.	Quinolones	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-70
25120981-4	2014	OBJECTIVE: This study is to find the susceptibility pattern of the novel adjuvant antimicrobial CSE 1034 a combination of Ceftriaxone+sulbactam+disodium edetate for the current ESBL and MBL isolates in a tertiary care centre.	Ceftriaxone	122-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	177-181
25120981-4	2014	OBJECTIVE: This study is to find the susceptibility pattern of the novel adjuvant antimicrobial CSE 1034 a combination of Ceftriaxone+sulbactam+disodium edetate for the current ESBL and MBL isolates in a tertiary care centre.	Sulbactam	134-143	EsbL	Escherichia coli	177-181
25120981-4	2014	OBJECTIVE: This study is to find the susceptibility pattern of the novel adjuvant antimicrobial CSE 1034 a combination of Ceftriaxone+sulbactam+disodium edetate for the current ESBL and MBL isolates in a tertiary care centre.	Edetic Acid	144-160	EsbL	Escherichia coli	177-181
25120981-11	2014	CSE 1034 (Ceftriaxone+sulbactam+disodium edetate) showed fairly good in-vitro susceptibility for these ESBL and MBL producing isolates.	Ceftriaxone	10-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-107
25120981-11	2014	CSE 1034 (Ceftriaxone+sulbactam+disodium edetate) showed fairly good in-vitro susceptibility for these ESBL and MBL producing isolates.	Sulbactam	22-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-107
25120981-11	2014	CSE 1034 (Ceftriaxone+sulbactam+disodium edetate) showed fairly good in-vitro susceptibility for these ESBL and MBL producing isolates.	Edetic Acid	32-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-107
24789185-0	2014	Incidence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates that test susceptible to cephalosporins and aztreonam by the revised CLSI breakpoints.	Cephalosporins	133-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-45
24789185-0	2014	Incidence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates that test susceptible to cephalosporins and aztreonam by the revised CLSI breakpoints.	Aztreonam	152-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-45
24789185-1	2014	The incidence of aztreonam and cephalosporin susceptibility, determined using the revised CLSI breakpoints, for extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates was evaluated.	Aztreonam	17-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-144
24789185-1	2014	The incidence of aztreonam and cephalosporin susceptibility, determined using the revised CLSI breakpoints, for extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates was evaluated.	Aztreonam	17-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	146-150
24789185-1	2014	The incidence of aztreonam and cephalosporin susceptibility, determined using the revised CLSI breakpoints, for extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates was evaluated.	Cephalosporins	31-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-144
24789185-1	2014	The incidence of aztreonam and cephalosporin susceptibility, determined using the revised CLSI breakpoints, for extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates was evaluated.	Cephalosporins	31-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	146-150
24789185-2	2014	Our analysis showed that results for aztreonam and/or &gt;=1 cephalosporin were reported as susceptible or intermediate for 89.2% of ESBL-producing E coli isolates (569/638 isolates) and 67.7% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates (155/229 isolates).	Aztreonam	37-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
24789185-2	2014	Our analysis showed that results for aztreonam and/or &gt;=1 cephalosporin were reported as susceptible or intermediate for 89.2% of ESBL-producing E coli isolates (569/638 isolates) and 67.7% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates (155/229 isolates).	Aztreonam	37-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	196-200
24789185-2	2014	Our analysis showed that results for aztreonam and/or &gt;=1 cephalosporin were reported as susceptible or intermediate for 89.2% of ESBL-producing E coli isolates (569/638 isolates) and 67.7% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates (155/229 isolates).	Cephalosporins	61-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
24789185-2	2014	Our analysis showed that results for aztreonam and/or &gt;=1 cephalosporin were reported as susceptible or intermediate for 89.2% of ESBL-producing E coli isolates (569/638 isolates) and 67.7% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates (155/229 isolates).	Cephalosporins	61-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	196-200
24594451-8	2014	Although a single dose of levofloxacin for AMP is sufficient to prevent genitourinary infection after transrectal or transperineal prostate biopsy, and recommended in this era of increased multi-drug resistant pathogens, the increase in fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli and ESBL-producing E. coli has emerged as a profound problem for surveillance.	Levofloxacin	26-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	275-279
24529941-6	2014	Ceftaroline-avibactam was very active against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC50/90, 0.03/0.06 and 0.06/0.25 mug/mL, respectively) including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) screen-positive phenotypes (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 and 0.12/1 mug/mL, respectively).	T 91825	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	190-194
24529941-6	2014	Ceftaroline-avibactam was very active against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC50/90, 0.03/0.06 and 0.06/0.25 mug/mL, respectively) including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) screen-positive phenotypes (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 and 0.12/1 mug/mL, respectively).	avibactam	12-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	190-194
24529941-7	2014	Susceptibility of ESBL screen-positive E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 100.0/97.9% for tigecycline and 99.2/56.1% for meropenem, respectively.	Tigecycline	85-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
24529941-7	2014	Susceptibility of ESBL screen-positive E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 100.0/97.9% for tigecycline and 99.2/56.1% for meropenem, respectively.	Meropenem	116-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
24529941-9	2014	Ceftaroline-avibactam exhibited a broad-spectrum of in vitro activity against isolates from patients in the USA with ABSSSI including MRSA, beta-hemolytic streptococci, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae as well as ESBL screen-positive phenotype isolates and merits further study in clinical indications where these resistant organisms may be a concern.	T 91825	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	207-211
24529941-9	2014	Ceftaroline-avibactam exhibited a broad-spectrum of in vitro activity against isolates from patients in the USA with ABSSSI including MRSA, beta-hemolytic streptococci, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae as well as ESBL screen-positive phenotype isolates and merits further study in clinical indications where these resistant organisms may be a concern.	avibactam	12-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	207-211
24478449-2	2014	Most ESBL phenotype E. coli or K. pneumoniae possessed an ESBL gene (95.8 and 88.4 %, respectively), and this was 93.1 % if carbapenem-non-susceptible K. pneumoniae were removed.	Carbapenems	124-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
24478449-4	2014	Virtually all ESBL-positive isolates (99.5 %) were cefotaxime non-susceptible [CLSI or European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints)].	Cefotaxime	51-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
24478449-4	2014	Virtually all ESBL-positive isolates (99.5 %) were cefotaxime non-susceptible [CLSI or European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints)].	clsi	79-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
24478449-9	2014	For isolates with ertapenem MICs &gt;=0.5 microg ml(-1), more accurate ESBL phenotype analysis was observed for E. coli and K. pneumoniae (sensitivity &gt;95 % for both, specificity 94.4 and 54.1 %, respectively).	Ertapenem	18-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
24847178-7	2014	RESULTS: Out of 180 third generation cephalosporins resistant E. coli, 100 (55.55%) isolates were ESBL producers showing a greater degree of resistance to antibiotics.	Cephalosporins	37-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-102
24956910-0	2014	Potent antibacterial activities of latamoxef (moxalactam) against ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation.	Moxalactam	35-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
24956910-0	2014	Potent antibacterial activities of latamoxef (moxalactam) against ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation.	Moxalactam	46-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
24956910-2	2014	In this study, the antibacterial activity of LMOX was investigated, and Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to determine the appropriate dosing regimens of LMOX against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Moxalactam	157-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	170-202
24956910-2	2014	In this study, the antibacterial activity of LMOX was investigated, and Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to determine the appropriate dosing regimens of LMOX against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Moxalactam	157-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	204-208
24956910-4	2014	All the tested regimens achieved 85% of PTA at 40% of T(&gt;MIC) against ESBL producing Escherichia coli, and all the tested regimens except 1g q12h with 1 hour infusion achieved 85% of PTA at 40% of T(&gt;MIC) against ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.	pta	40-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
24956910-7	2014	These results of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) modeling showed the potent efficacy of LMOX against bacterial infections caused by ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Moxalactam	98-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	142-146
24666610-6	2014	For ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, resistance to both ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was 95% and 65%, respectively but 94% of isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin.	Ciprofloxacin	56-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24666610-6	2014	For ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, resistance to both ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was 95% and 65%, respectively but 94% of isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	74-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24666610-6	2014	For ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, resistance to both ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was 95% and 65%, respectively but 94% of isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin.	Nitrofurantoin	174-188	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24107388-0	2014	Clinical and bacteriological effects of pivmecillinam for ESBL-producing Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae in urinary tract infections.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	40-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
24648746-13	2014	CONCLUSION: The most common ESBL genotypes in clinical isolates from E. coli BSIs were CTX-M-15 (58%) and CTX-M-1 (22%).	ctx-m-15	87-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
24107388-3	2014	Here, we evaluated the clinical and bacteriological effects of pivmecillinam in UTIs caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	63-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	95-99
24107388-4	2014	METHODS: We carried out a prospective follow-up of 39 patients diagnosed with UTI caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, initiated on pivmecillinam.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	140-153	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-96
24107388-13	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Pivmecillinam was proven bacteriologically and clinically effective for treatment of lower UTIs caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	13-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	119-123
24518624-4	2014	RESULTS: Ciprofloxacin-susceptible ESBL-producing strains showed a higher MPC for ciprofloxacin (P &lt;0.001) than ciprofloxacin-susceptible non ESBL-producing strains, while ciprofloxacin-resistant ESBL-producing and non ESBL-producing strains did not significantly differ.	Ciprofloxacin	82-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24676243-0	2014	[In vitro emergence of ertapenem resistance in Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase].	Ertapenem	23-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	74-106
24676243-3	2014	We investigated the in vitro emergence of carbapenem resistance in a collection of clinical isolates of ESBL -producing E. coli.	Carbapenems	42-52	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-108
24518624-4	2014	RESULTS: Ciprofloxacin-susceptible ESBL-producing strains showed a higher MPC for ciprofloxacin (P &lt;0.001) than ciprofloxacin-susceptible non ESBL-producing strains, while ciprofloxacin-resistant ESBL-producing and non ESBL-producing strains did not significantly differ.	Ciprofloxacin	9-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24676243-14	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Stable resistant mutants were easy to select with ertapenem among ESBL-producing E. coli.	Ertapenem	63-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	79-83
24518624-4	2014	RESULTS: Ciprofloxacin-susceptible ESBL-producing strains showed a higher MPC for ciprofloxacin (P &lt;0.001) than ciprofloxacin-susceptible non ESBL-producing strains, while ciprofloxacin-resistant ESBL-producing and non ESBL-producing strains did not significantly differ.	Ciprofloxacin	115-128	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24518624-4	2014	RESULTS: Ciprofloxacin-susceptible ESBL-producing strains showed a higher MPC for ciprofloxacin (P &lt;0.001) than ciprofloxacin-susceptible non ESBL-producing strains, while ciprofloxacin-resistant ESBL-producing and non ESBL-producing strains did not significantly differ.	Ciprofloxacin	9-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	145-149
24518624-4	2014	RESULTS: Ciprofloxacin-susceptible ESBL-producing strains showed a higher MPC for ciprofloxacin (P &lt;0.001) than ciprofloxacin-susceptible non ESBL-producing strains, while ciprofloxacin-resistant ESBL-producing and non ESBL-producing strains did not significantly differ.	Ciprofloxacin	9-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	145-149
24518624-4	2014	RESULTS: Ciprofloxacin-susceptible ESBL-producing strains showed a higher MPC for ciprofloxacin (P &lt;0.001) than ciprofloxacin-susceptible non ESBL-producing strains, while ciprofloxacin-resistant ESBL-producing and non ESBL-producing strains did not significantly differ.	Ciprofloxacin	115-128	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
24518624-4	2014	RESULTS: Ciprofloxacin-susceptible ESBL-producing strains showed a higher MPC for ciprofloxacin (P &lt;0.001) than ciprofloxacin-susceptible non ESBL-producing strains, while ciprofloxacin-resistant ESBL-producing and non ESBL-producing strains did not significantly differ.	Ciprofloxacin	9-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	145-149
24518624-7	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Our study helps to explain the frequent finding of resistance to fluoroquinolones in ESBL-producing strains.	Fluoroquinolones	78-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-102
23941639-10	2014	CONCLUSION: Empirical ceftriaxone therapy for APN caused by ESBL-producing E. coli is inappropriate, and consequently can delay recovery and result in longer hospitalization.	Ceftriaxone	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	60-64
24454943-10	2014	This study showed a high rate of mecillinam treatment failure in CA-UTIs caused by ESBL producing E. coli.	Amdinocillin	33-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	83-87
23941639-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Ceftriaxone is frequently administered empirically for hospitalized patients with acute pyelonephritis (APN) due to prevalent quinolone resistance in our hospital; however, its use is inappropriate for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli, an increasing problem.	Ceftriaxone	12-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	248-252
23941639-2	2014	METHODS: A retrospective, 1:2 matched cohort study was performed to evaluate the impact of ESBL on APN treated with empirical ceftriaxone.	Ceftriaxone	126-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	91-95
24465506-11	2014	Interestingly, quinolone-resistant E. coli, most of which were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers, were already detected in approximately 20% of all patients before the initiation of prophylaxis.	Quinolones	15-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
24465506-14	2014	However, we detected previous colonization of quinolone-resistant E. coli before prophylaxis, which possibly reflects the spread of ESBL.	Quinolones	46-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
24454943-0	2014	High rate of per oral mecillinam treatment failure in community-acquired urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Amdinocillin	22-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-112
24454943-1	2014	A population-based study was performed to investigate the efficacy of mecillinam treatment of community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTI) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli.	Amdinocillin	70-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	191-195
24454943-8	2014	Mecillinam treatment failure was observed in 18 (44%) of patients infected by ESBL-producing strains and in 16 (14%) of patients with a CA-UTI caused by ESBL non-producing strains.	Amdinocillin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	78-82
24314891-0	2014	Detection of antibiotic residues and association of cefquinome residues with the occurrence of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in waste milk samples from dairy farms in England and Wales in 2011.	cefquinome	52-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	95-127
24314891-0	2014	Detection of antibiotic residues and association of cefquinome residues with the occurrence of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in waste milk samples from dairy farms in England and Wales in 2011.	cefquinome	52-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	129-133
24454943-8	2014	Mecillinam treatment failure was observed in 18 (44%) of patients infected by ESBL-producing strains and in 16 (14%) of patients with a CA-UTI caused by ESBL non-producing strains.	Amdinocillin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	153-157
24454943-12	2014	Further studies addressing the use of mecillinam against ESBL-producing E. coli, with emphasis on optimal dosing and combination therapy with beta-lactamase inhibitors, are warranted.	Amdinocillin	38-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
24454943-9	2014	Multivariable analysis showed that ESBL status (odds ratio (OR) 3.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-7.8, p = 0.009) and increased MIC of mecillinam (OR 2.0 for each doubling value of MIC, CI 1.4-3.0, p&lt;0.001) were independently associated with mecillinam treatment failure.	Amdinocillin	249-259	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
23742831-8	2013	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates displayed higher fosfomycin resistance rates than negative strains (19.2% vs. 2.9%).	Fosfomycin	76-86	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
24696553-5	2014	Co-production of ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase was identified by using amino-phenylboronic acid disk method.	3-aminobenzeneboronic acid	70-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
24696553-6	2014	Susceptibility of ESBL producers to beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase inhibitors was performed.	beta-Lactams	36-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
24696553-12	2014	All ESBL producers demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentration levels &gt;=2 mug/ml towards cefotaxime, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone.	Cefotaxime	94-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24696553-12	2014	All ESBL producers demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentration levels &gt;=2 mug/ml towards cefotaxime, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone.	Ceftazidime	106-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24696553-12	2014	All ESBL producers demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentration levels &gt;=2 mug/ml towards cefotaxime, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone.	Ceftriaxone	122-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24696553-16	2014	Of all the beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations tested, cefepime-tazobactam demonstrated highest in-vitro activity against ESBL producers.	cefepime-tazobactam	69-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	136-140
24940337-3	2013	METHODS: We investigated 97 isolates of selected organisms consisting of 67 E. coli and 30 Klebseilla spp for the presence of plasmids expressing ESBL including carbapenem-hydrolysing enzymes.	Carbapenems	161-171	EsbL	Escherichia coli	146-150
24940337-7	2013	Antibiotic susceptibility profile of ESBL isolates showed 100.0% resistance against Amoxicillin, Cotrimoxazole and Erythromycin.	Amoxicillin	84-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
24940337-7	2013	Antibiotic susceptibility profile of ESBL isolates showed 100.0% resistance against Amoxicillin, Cotrimoxazole and Erythromycin.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	97-110	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
24940337-7	2013	Antibiotic susceptibility profile of ESBL isolates showed 100.0% resistance against Amoxicillin, Cotrimoxazole and Erythromycin.	Erythromycin	115-127	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
24940337-8	2013	Moderate susceptibility was recorded against the Quinolone class of antibiotics; Meropenem remained the most active antibiotic against ESBL isolates with 62.5% against E. coli and 60% against K. pneumoniae.	Meropenem	81-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
24274894-9	2013	On initial screening with ceftriaxone (30 mug) disc showing resistance was then confirmed for ESBL production by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) using ceftazidime (30 ug) and ceftazidime + clavulanic acid (30 mug + 10ug) disc as per guidelines of CLSI (2011).	Ceftriaxone	26-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
24274894-9	2013	On initial screening with ceftriaxone (30 mug) disc showing resistance was then confirmed for ESBL production by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) using ceftazidime (30 ug) and ceftazidime + clavulanic acid (30 mug + 10ug) disc as per guidelines of CLSI (2011).	pcddt	158-163	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
24274894-9	2013	On initial screening with ceftriaxone (30 mug) disc showing resistance was then confirmed for ESBL production by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) using ceftazidime (30 ug) and ceftazidime + clavulanic acid (30 mug + 10ug) disc as per guidelines of CLSI (2011).	Ceftazidime	171-182	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
24274894-9	2013	On initial screening with ceftriaxone (30 mug) disc showing resistance was then confirmed for ESBL production by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) using ceftazidime (30 ug) and ceftazidime + clavulanic acid (30 mug + 10ug) disc as per guidelines of CLSI (2011).	Ceftazidime	195-206	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
24274894-9	2013	On initial screening with ceftriaxone (30 mug) disc showing resistance was then confirmed for ESBL production by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) using ceftazidime (30 ug) and ceftazidime + clavulanic acid (30 mug + 10ug) disc as per guidelines of CLSI (2011).	Clavulanic Acid	209-224	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
24274894-12	2013	Further testing by PCDDT method showed 60/444 (=13.51%) of E. coli and 24/145 (=16.55%) of K. pneumoniae isolates to be confirmed ESBL producers.	pcddt	19-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	130-134
24274894-13	2013	These ESBL - producer uropathogens showed high degree of resistance to ceftriaxone (100.0%), amoxycillin, fluoroquinolones and co-trimoxazole.	Ceftriaxone	71-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
24274894-13	2013	These ESBL - producer uropathogens showed high degree of resistance to ceftriaxone (100.0%), amoxycillin, fluoroquinolones and co-trimoxazole.	Amoxicillin	93-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
24274894-13	2013	These ESBL - producer uropathogens showed high degree of resistance to ceftriaxone (100.0%), amoxycillin, fluoroquinolones and co-trimoxazole.	Fluoroquinolones	106-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
24274894-13	2013	These ESBL - producer uropathogens showed high degree of resistance to ceftriaxone (100.0%), amoxycillin, fluoroquinolones and co-trimoxazole.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	127-141	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
25134392-3	2014	The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of Brilliance ESBL agar (Oxoid; Thermo Fisher Scientific, UK), a selective chromogenic agar for the detection of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) strains.	Agar	80-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
25134392-3	2014	The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of Brilliance ESBL agar (Oxoid; Thermo Fisher Scientific, UK), a selective chromogenic agar for the detection of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) strains.	Agar	80-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	174-178
25277838-4	2014	The ESBL-producing E. coli from upstream water was resistant to 7 antibiotics, but isolates from feces and downstream water had a higher resistance rate.	Water	41-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
25277838-4	2014	The ESBL-producing E. coli from upstream water was resistant to 7 antibiotics, but isolates from feces and downstream water had a higher resistance rate.	Water	118-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
25277838-6	2014	Five ESBL-producing isolates from downstream water showed &gt;90% similarity with the fecal isolates, while the only one isolate from upstream water had &lt;70% similarity with fecal isolates.	Water	45-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
25500673-8	2014	More of the ESBL-positive isolates showed higher resistance to cefotaxime than to ceftazidime.	Cefotaxime	63-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
25500673-8	2014	More of the ESBL-positive isolates showed higher resistance to cefotaxime than to ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	82-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
24038683-7	2013	In all, 65 cefotaxime-resistant E. coli ESBL/AmpC genes were detected, mainly comprising variants of blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2.	Cefotaxime	11-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-44
23742831-8	2013	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates displayed higher fosfomycin resistance rates than negative strains (19.2% vs. 2.9%).	Fosfomycin	76-86	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
23742831-9	2013	The highest in vitro activity was detected for amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and imipenem for all strains including ESBL-producers.	Amikacin	47-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
23742831-9	2013	The highest in vitro activity was detected for amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and imipenem for all strains including ESBL-producers.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	57-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
23742831-9	2013	The highest in vitro activity was detected for amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and imipenem for all strains including ESBL-producers.	Imipenem	86-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
23742831-10	2013	CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of ESBL production, the excellent activity of fosfomycin against E. coli, Enterobacter spp, Serratia spp, and Citrobacter spp, indicates that the drug is a valuable therapeutic option for urinary tract infections, even those with co-trimoxazole- and ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, but not in ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp, A. baumannii, and Proteus spp.	Fosfomycin	70-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	319-323
24421836-2	2013	Although limited in their indications, fosfomycin and tigecycline are potential agents to treat infections due to ESBL-producing organisms.	Fosfomycin	39-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	114-118
24502096-10	2013	All ESBL isolates were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime.	Imipenem	38-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24502096-10	2013	All ESBL isolates were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime.	Ampicillin	64-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24502096-10	2013	All ESBL isolates were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime.	Piperacillin	76-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24502096-10	2013	All ESBL isolates were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime.	Cefazolin	90-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24502096-10	2013	All ESBL isolates were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime.	Cefotaxime	101-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24502096-10	2013	All ESBL isolates were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime.	Ceftazidime	113-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24502096-10	2013	All ESBL isolates were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime.	Cefepime	129-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24502096-13	2013	CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated the presence of ESBL producing E. coli urinary isolates in outpatients, and their extensive susceptibility to imipenem and nitrofurantoin.	Imipenem	150-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-60
24502096-13	2013	CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated the presence of ESBL producing E. coli urinary isolates in outpatients, and their extensive susceptibility to imipenem and nitrofurantoin.	Nitrofurantoin	163-177	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-60
24147104-0	2013	Characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae pediatric clinical isolates in Mexico.	Quinolones	37-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	74-106
24421836-2	2013	Although limited in their indications, fosfomycin and tigecycline are potential agents to treat infections due to ESBL-producing organisms.	Tigecycline	54-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	114-118
24421836-8	2013	CONCLUSION: Although resistance to these antibiotics has previously been reported, the present study confirmed that isolates of ESBL-producing E coli from the Interior Health Region of British Columbia remain highly susceptible to both tigecycline and fosfomycin.	Tigecycline	236-247	EsbL	Escherichia coli	128-132
24421836-8	2013	CONCLUSION: Although resistance to these antibiotics has previously been reported, the present study confirmed that isolates of ESBL-producing E coli from the Interior Health Region of British Columbia remain highly susceptible to both tigecycline and fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	252-262	EsbL	Escherichia coli	128-132
24292287-4	2013	The ESBL status was confirmed by double disc diffusion test (DDDT) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by agar dilution method by standard procedure.	Agar	113-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
23671215-10	2013	CONCLUSIONS: A substantial portion of ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to cefepime and ceftazidime by using the CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints.	Cefepime	82-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
23671215-10	2013	CONCLUSIONS: A substantial portion of ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to cefepime and ceftazidime by using the CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints.	Ceftazidime	95-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
23671215-10	2013	CONCLUSIONS: A substantial portion of ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to cefepime and ceftazidime by using the CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints.	clsi	120-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
24292287-7	2013	A relatively higher rate of resistance to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, azithromycin and quinolones were also observed for ESBL producers.	Gentamicins	42-52	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
24292287-7	2013	A relatively higher rate of resistance to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, azithromycin and quinolones were also observed for ESBL producers.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	54-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
24292287-7	2013	A relatively higher rate of resistance to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, azithromycin and quinolones were also observed for ESBL producers.	Azithromycin	70-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
24292287-7	2013	A relatively higher rate of resistance to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, azithromycin and quinolones were also observed for ESBL producers.	Quinolones	87-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
23679004-5	2013	Forty-nine (71%, n = 69) cefotaxime-resistant and 15 (16%, n = 94) ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli isolates harboured ESBL or PMQR genes.	Ciprofloxacin	67-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	118-122
23853481-6	2013	Of the 103 ESBL-EC isolates, 43 (41.7%) produced CTX-M-14 and 36 (35.0%) produced CTX-M-15.	ec	16-18	EsbL	Escherichia coli	11-15
23741022-3	2013	During the 10 year study period, ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin and piperacillin-tazobactam retained high and stable activity against E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates regardless of whether their source was HA or CA and regardless of their extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production.	Ertapenem	33-42	EsbL	Escherichia coli	274-278
23741022-3	2013	During the 10 year study period, ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin and piperacillin-tazobactam retained high and stable activity against E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates regardless of whether their source was HA or CA and regardless of their extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production.	Imipenem	44-52	EsbL	Escherichia coli	274-278
23741022-3	2013	During the 10 year study period, ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin and piperacillin-tazobactam retained high and stable activity against E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates regardless of whether their source was HA or CA and regardless of their extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production.	Amikacin	54-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	274-278
23741022-3	2013	During the 10 year study period, ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin and piperacillin-tazobactam retained high and stable activity against E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates regardless of whether their source was HA or CA and regardless of their extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	67-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	274-278
23741022-10	2013	High prevalence of ESBL in HA E. coli and fast-growing resistance in CA E. coli severely limit the empirical use of the third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins in the therapy of IAIs.	Cephalosporins	149-163	EsbL	Escherichia coli	19-23
23519865-11	2013	Human PA ESBL-E. coli were more frequently susceptible to ciprofloxacin (51 % vs. 25 %; p = 0.0056), gentamicin (86 % vs. 63 %; p = .0.0082), tobramycin (91 % vs. 34 %; p = 0.0001) and amikacin (98 % vs. 67 %; p = 0.0001) compared to human non-PA ESBL-E. coli.	Ciprofloxacin	58-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
23519865-11	2013	Human PA ESBL-E. coli were more frequently susceptible to ciprofloxacin (51 % vs. 25 %; p = 0.0056), gentamicin (86 % vs. 63 %; p = .0.0082), tobramycin (91 % vs. 34 %; p = 0.0001) and amikacin (98 % vs. 67 %; p = 0.0001) compared to human non-PA ESBL-E. coli.	Gentamicins	101-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
23519865-11	2013	Human PA ESBL-E. coli were more frequently susceptible to ciprofloxacin (51 % vs. 25 %; p = 0.0056), gentamicin (86 % vs. 63 %; p = .0.0082), tobramycin (91 % vs. 34 %; p = 0.0001) and amikacin (98 % vs. 67 %; p = 0.0001) compared to human non-PA ESBL-E. coli.	Tobramycin	142-152	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
23519865-11	2013	Human PA ESBL-E. coli were more frequently susceptible to ciprofloxacin (51 % vs. 25 %; p = 0.0056), gentamicin (86 % vs. 63 %; p = .0.0082), tobramycin (91 % vs. 34 %; p = 0.0001) and amikacin (98 % vs. 67 %; p = 0.0001) compared to human non-PA ESBL-E. coli.	Amikacin	185-193	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
23519865-12	2013	PA ESBL-E. coli are not more prevalent in community acquired than nosocomial urine samples, but are more often susceptible to ciprofloxacin and aminoglycosides than non-PA ESBL-E. coli.	Ciprofloxacin	126-139	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
23519865-12	2013	PA ESBL-E. coli are not more prevalent in community acquired than nosocomial urine samples, but are more often susceptible to ciprofloxacin and aminoglycosides than non-PA ESBL-E. coli.	Aminoglycosides	144-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
23172599-5	2013	ESBL-Agar was used as selective medium as the outbreak strain is highly resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	100-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
23337303-8	2013	CONCLUSION: We found previous exposure to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones to be a significant risk factor for ESBL-producing E coli infections, in addition to other known factors such as hospitalization and catheterization.	Cephalosporins	59-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	131-135
23337303-8	2013	CONCLUSION: We found previous exposure to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones to be a significant risk factor for ESBL-producing E coli infections, in addition to other known factors such as hospitalization and catheterization.	Fluoroquinolones	78-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	131-135
24059789-4	2013	RESULTS: The ability of ESBL strains to evoke ROS-production from PMN cells was significantly higher than that of the non-ESBL strains.	ros	46-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
24059789-5	2013	The growth of ESBL strains was slightly suppressed in the presence of PMN compared to non-ESBL strains after 30 min and 2h, but the opposite was observed after 5 and 6h.	platensimycin	70-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
24059789-5	2013	The growth of ESBL strains was slightly suppressed in the presence of PMN compared to non-ESBL strains after 30 min and 2h, but the opposite was observed after 5 and 6h.	platensimycin	70-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	90-94
24059789-5	2013	The growth of ESBL strains was slightly suppressed in the presence of PMN compared to non-ESBL strains after 30 min and 2h, but the opposite was observed after 5 and 6h.	Deuterium	120-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
23747697-1	2013	Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli to modern beta-lactam antibiotics due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and/or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases (AmpC) represents an emerging and increasing resistance problem that dramatically limits therapeutic options in both human and veterinary medicine.	beta-Lactams	55-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-137
23747697-1	2013	Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli to modern beta-lactam antibiotics due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and/or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases (AmpC) represents an emerging and increasing resistance problem that dramatically limits therapeutic options in both human and veterinary medicine.	beta-Lactams	55-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	139-143
23857384-8	2013	Independent risk factors for bacteremia due to ESBL-producing E. coli were exposure to fluoroquinolones (OR 13.39, 95% CI 1.28-140.03) and cephalosporins (OR 3.48, 95% CI 1.03-11.74).	Fluoroquinolones	87-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	47-51
23857384-8	2013	Independent risk factors for bacteremia due to ESBL-producing E. coli were exposure to fluoroquinolones (OR 13.39, 95% CI 1.28-140.03) and cephalosporins (OR 3.48, 95% CI 1.03-11.74).	Cephalosporins	139-153	EsbL	Escherichia coli	47-51
23857384-9	2013	CONCLUSIONS: Previous use of fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin in patients with bacteremia caused by E. coli increased the risk for ESBL-producing strains.	Fluoroquinolones	29-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
23857384-9	2013	CONCLUSIONS: Previous use of fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin in patients with bacteremia caused by E. coli increased the risk for ESBL-producing strains.	Cephalosporins	49-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
23685466-2	2013	The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) in raw poultry is one of the most common factors that interfere with the isolation of Campylobacter by cefoperazone-based selective agar.	Cefoperazone	196-208	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-48
23685466-2	2013	The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) in raw poultry is one of the most common factors that interfere with the isolation of Campylobacter by cefoperazone-based selective agar.	Cefoperazone	196-208	EsbL	Escherichia coli	50-54
23685466-2	2013	The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) in raw poultry is one of the most common factors that interfere with the isolation of Campylobacter by cefoperazone-based selective agar.	Agar	225-229	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-48
23685466-2	2013	The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) in raw poultry is one of the most common factors that interfere with the isolation of Campylobacter by cefoperazone-based selective agar.	Agar	225-229	EsbL	Escherichia coli	50-54
23685466-3	2013	The performance of modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) was improved by addition of an ESBL inhibitor, potassium clavulanate (0.5 mg/L).	charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar	28-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
23685466-3	2013	The performance of modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) was improved by addition of an ESBL inhibitor, potassium clavulanate (0.5 mg/L).	mccda	69-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
23685466-3	2013	The performance of modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) was improved by addition of an ESBL inhibitor, potassium clavulanate (0.5 mg/L).	Clavulanic Acid	123-144	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
23522845-6	2013	Among Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) rates varied from 12.6% in the NA to 57.4% in APAC, and only one strain was nonsusceptible to tigecycline.	apac	110-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-56
23785449-1	2013	Infections caused by Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli are an emerging global problem, threatening the effectiveness of the extensively used beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	39-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
23537823-8	2013	ESBL producers showed significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher resistance to tobramycin, co-amoxyclav and amikacin than did non-ESBL producers.	Tobramycin	69-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
23439636-0	2013	Inoculum effect on the efficacies of amoxicillin-clavulanate, piperacillin-tazobactam, and imipenem against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and non-ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in an experimental murine sepsis model.	Imipenem	91-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-140
23537823-8	2013	ESBL producers showed significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher resistance to tobramycin, co-amoxyclav and amikacin than did non-ESBL producers.	co-amoxyclav	81-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
23537823-8	2013	ESBL producers showed significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher resistance to tobramycin, co-amoxyclav and amikacin than did non-ESBL producers.	Amikacin	98-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
24353573-3	2013	METHODOLOGY: Among 173 E. coli isolates, 82 were phenotypically detected as ESBL producers by standard cefotaxime / clavulanic acid and ceftazidime / clavulanic acid disc diffusion tests.	Cefotaxime	103-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
24071544-5	2013	RESULTS: The two most common pathogens responsible for bacteremia were Staphylococcus epidermidis (36.1%) and Escherichia coli (31.5%), with high rates of methicillin resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production, respectively.	Methicillin	155-166	EsbL	Escherichia coli	216-220
24353573-3	2013	METHODOLOGY: Among 173 E. coli isolates, 82 were phenotypically detected as ESBL producers by standard cefotaxime / clavulanic acid and ceftazidime / clavulanic acid disc diffusion tests.	Clavulanic Acid	116-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
24353573-3	2013	METHODOLOGY: Among 173 E. coli isolates, 82 were phenotypically detected as ESBL producers by standard cefotaxime / clavulanic acid and ceftazidime / clavulanic acid disc diffusion tests.	Ceftazidime	136-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
24353573-3	2013	METHODOLOGY: Among 173 E. coli isolates, 82 were phenotypically detected as ESBL producers by standard cefotaxime / clavulanic acid and ceftazidime / clavulanic acid disc diffusion tests.	Clavulanic Acid	150-165	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
23607946-6	2013	The detection rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were 69% and 62% respectively, but both were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.	Meropenem	202-211	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-55
23607946-6	2013	The detection rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were 69% and 62% respectively, but both were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.	Meropenem	202-211	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
23607946-6	2013	The detection rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were 69% and 62% respectively, but both were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.	Imipenem	189-197	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-55
23607946-6	2013	The detection rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were 69% and 62% respectively, but both were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.	Meropenem	202-211	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
23607946-6	2013	The detection rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were 69% and 62% respectively, but both were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.	Imipenem	189-197	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
23607946-6	2013	The detection rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were 69% and 62% respectively, but both were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.	Imipenem	189-197	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
23305657-5	2013	Against ESBL-positive isolates, ertapenem susceptibility significantly increased during 2002-2010 globally.	Ertapenem	32-41	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
23305657-7	2013	Notably, in Asia where the highest ESBL-positives rates (38.3%) were observed, susceptibility to ertapenem had actually significantly increased in this population during the 9-year study period.	Ertapenem	97-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
23241377-0	2013	Emergence of a novel extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, fluoroquinolone-resistant clone of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli in Kumasi, Ghana.	Fluoroquinolones	72-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-53
23634394-7	2013	The isolates which were resistant to the third generation cephalosporins were subjected to the ESBL confirmatory test by using drug and drug-inhibitor combination disks by following the CLSI guidelines.	Cephalosporins	58-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	95-99
23241377-0	2013	Emergence of a novel extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, fluoroquinolone-resistant clone of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli in Kumasi, Ghana.	Fluoroquinolones	72-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
22893681-0	2012	Prevalence of acquired fosfomycin resistance among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in Korea and IS26-composite transposon surrounding fosA3.	Fosfomycin	23-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-83
23433608-0	2013	Alternatives to carbapenems in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli infections.	Carbapenems	16-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
23433608-1	2013	OBJECTIVES: The authors had for objective to assess the activity of a wide panel of antibiotics on extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolates (ESBL-Ec), because of the sharp increase of their frequency, leading to an increased use of carbapenems.	Carbapenems	260-271	EsbL	Escherichia coli	169-173
23444859-11	2013	Cefotaxime-resistance was most commonly associated with an ESBL phenotype, a CTX-M-1 or CTX-M-14 sequence type and an I1-gamma or K plasmid inc type.	Cefotaxime	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
23243255-1	2013	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and class C serine beta-lactamases (pAmpC) able to hydrolyze third-generation cephalosporins are a recognized threat to the efficacy of these drugs in treating serious infections.	Cephalosporins	119-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-33
23243255-1	2013	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and class C serine beta-lactamases (pAmpC) able to hydrolyze third-generation cephalosporins are a recognized threat to the efficacy of these drugs in treating serious infections.	Cephalosporins	119-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
22264296-6	2012	Combining CLSI ceftriaxone and cefpodoxime critical ESBL diameters was found to be the most sensitive phenotypic screening method (sensitivity 99.2%).	cefpodoxime	31-42	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
23114764-0	2013	Tigecycline displays in vivo bactericidal activity against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae after 72-hour exposure period.	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-91
23114764-1	2013	Progressively enhanced activity of a humanized tigecycline (TGC) regimen was noted over 3 days against an extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolate and an ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate.	Tigecycline	47-58	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-138
23114764-1	2013	Progressively enhanced activity of a humanized tigecycline (TGC) regimen was noted over 3 days against an extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolate and an ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate.	Tigecycline	60-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-138
22893681-1	2012	OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of plasmid-mediated fosfomycin resistance determinants among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and their genetic environments.	Fosfomycin	62-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-135
23178131-6	2012	Aminoglycosides have a very good distribution in the renal parenchyma and are still working on the majority of ESBL-producing bacteria.	Aminoglycosides	0-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	111-115
23336201-7	2012	Most (85%) of the isolates were positive to ESBL and majority of them produced CTX-M. Target substitution and production of methylases were the main mechanisms causing resistance to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides respectively.	Fluoroquinolones	182-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
23336201-7	2012	Most (85%) of the isolates were positive to ESBL and majority of them produced CTX-M. Target substitution and production of methylases were the main mechanisms causing resistance to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides respectively.	Aminoglycosides	203-218	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
22882781-7	2012	The proportion of ESBL-producing bacteria that were resistant to antibiotics was 83.1% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 18.2% for nitrofurantoin, 47.3% for quinolones, and 39.9% for aminoglycosides.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	91-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
22882781-7	2012	The proportion of ESBL-producing bacteria that were resistant to antibiotics was 83.1% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 18.2% for nitrofurantoin, 47.3% for quinolones, and 39.9% for aminoglycosides.	Nitrofurantoin	132-146	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
22882781-7	2012	The proportion of ESBL-producing bacteria that were resistant to antibiotics was 83.1% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 18.2% for nitrofurantoin, 47.3% for quinolones, and 39.9% for aminoglycosides.	Quinolones	158-168	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
22882781-7	2012	The proportion of ESBL-producing bacteria that were resistant to antibiotics was 83.1% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 18.2% for nitrofurantoin, 47.3% for quinolones, and 39.9% for aminoglycosides.	Aminoglycosides	184-199	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
22882781-8	2012	For non-ESBL-producing bacteria, the resistance rate was 62.2% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 4.6% for nitrofurantoin, 9.7% for quinolones, and 9.7% for aminoglycosides.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	67-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
22882781-8	2012	For non-ESBL-producing bacteria, the resistance rate was 62.2% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 4.6% for nitrofurantoin, 9.7% for quinolones, and 9.7% for aminoglycosides.	Nitrofurantoin	107-121	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
22882781-8	2012	For non-ESBL-producing bacteria, the resistance rate was 62.2% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 4.6% for nitrofurantoin, 9.7% for quinolones, and 9.7% for aminoglycosides.	Quinolones	132-142	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
22882781-9	2012	Age &lt;1 year, high UTI recurrence rate, long duration of prophylaxis, use of cephalosporins for prophylaxis, hospitalization within the previous 3 months and clean intermittent catheterization were found to be significant risk factors for ESBL-producing bacteria (P &lt; 0.05).	Cephalosporins	79-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	241-245
23178131-8	2012	The treatment of cystitis due to ESBL E. coli is much less problematic given the good urinary beta-lactam antibiotics diffusion.	beta-Lactams	94-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	33-37
23413710-3	2012	All isolates susceptible to ceftriaxone were ESBL-negative.	Ceftriaxone	28-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	45-49
23114435-7	2012	Within the observed period, non-susceptibility to cefotaxime as an indicator of ESBL in E. coli showed an increasing trend in hospital care at a level above 10% in intensive care units, while cefotaxime non-susceptibility in K. pneumoniae was more frequent but without any trend.	Cefotaxime	50-60	EsbL	Escherichia coli	80-84
23413710-4	2012	Nearly all isolates non-susceptible to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and cefepime produced ESBL; the presence of CTX-M genes in the isolates correlated with a ceftriaxone non-susceptible phenotype.	Ceftriaxone	39-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
23413710-4	2012	Nearly all isolates non-susceptible to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and cefepime produced ESBL; the presence of CTX-M genes in the isolates correlated with a ceftriaxone non-susceptible phenotype.	Ceftazidime	52-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
23413710-4	2012	Nearly all isolates non-susceptible to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and cefepime produced ESBL; the presence of CTX-M genes in the isolates correlated with a ceftriaxone non-susceptible phenotype.	Cefepime	68-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
23413710-5	2012	Thirty-nine of 83 isolates (47%) of ceftazidime-susceptible E. coli and 50 of 99 isolates (50.5%) of cefepime-susceptible E. coli were ESBL-producing.	Cefepime	101-109	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
27418912-6	2012	Confirmatory screening using a combination of Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST), Phenotypic Confirmatory Disc Diffusion Test (PCDDT) and E-test revealed the overall prevalence of ESBL producers to be 34.71 % (68/195).	pcddt	124-129	EsbL	Escherichia coli	177-181
23130423-3	2012	It is mainly due to the appearance and dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), that hydrolyse penicillins and cephalosporins.	Penicillins	113-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-89
23130423-3	2012	It is mainly due to the appearance and dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), that hydrolyse penicillins and cephalosporins.	Penicillins	113-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	91-95
23130423-3	2012	It is mainly due to the appearance and dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), that hydrolyse penicillins and cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	129-143	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-89
23130423-3	2012	It is mainly due to the appearance and dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), that hydrolyse penicillins and cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	129-143	EsbL	Escherichia coli	91-95
22964287-12	2012	A significant association of ESBL expression in E. coli was observed with resistance to tobramycin (p&lt;=0.001), tetracycline (p=0.043), and ciprofloxacin (p&lt;=0.001).	Tobramycin	88-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
22964287-12	2012	A significant association of ESBL expression in E. coli was observed with resistance to tobramycin (p&lt;=0.001), tetracycline (p=0.043), and ciprofloxacin (p&lt;=0.001).	Tetracycline	114-126	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
22964287-12	2012	A significant association of ESBL expression in E. coli was observed with resistance to tobramycin (p&lt;=0.001), tetracycline (p=0.043), and ciprofloxacin (p&lt;=0.001).	Ciprofloxacin	142-155	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
23431823-5	2012	The factors significantly associated with ESBL-producing E. coli septicemia were: 1) hospital acquisition [odds ratio (OR) 6.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.01-20.79], 2) previous use of a fluoroquinolone, (OR 19.14; 95% CI 5.82-62.96), and 3) use of a central venous catheter (OR, 8.59; 95% CI, 1.11-66.27).	Fluoroquinolones	192-207	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-46
23183470-0	2012	Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6")-Ib-cr, and qep in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli clinical isolates from Egypt.	Quinolones	17-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
23183470-1	2012	PURPOSE: To characterize the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6")-Ib-cr and qep in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) -producing E. coli and to determine the association of these determinants with CTX-M group in Cairo, Egypt.	Quinolones	60-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	158-162
22210267-0	2012	Cefotaxime for the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase and clinical characteristics of cefotaxime-non-susceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia.	Cefotaxime	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-64
22210267-1	2012	We investigated the performance of cefotaxime for the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase (pAmpC) and the clinical characteristics of cefotaxime-non-susceptible Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae (CTXNS-EK) bacteraemia.	Cefotaxime	35-45	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-99
27418912-7	2012	The study showed 72.05 % of the ESBL producers to be resistant to fluoroquinolones, highlighting its extensive use in the region of south Mumbai.	Fluoroquinolones	66-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
27418912-8	2012	All ESBL producers were found to be sensitive to Imipenem whereas 82.36 % showed susceptibility to Amikacin making these 2 antibiotics the most effective choice of drug against ESBLs.	Imipenem	49-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
22430969-0	2012	Carbapenem therapy for bacteremia due to extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae: implications of ertapenem susceptibility.	Carbapenems	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-73
23198452-7	2012	Tigecycline and colistin maintained excellent activity against most ESBL and carbapenem resistant bacteria relevant to the treatment by these agents.	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
23198454-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro activity of fosfomycin against ESBL and non-ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae uropathogens in Lebanon.	Fosfomycin	49-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
22508296-4	2012	Nosocomial and nonnosocomial ESBL-producing E. coli isolates had similar susceptibility profiles, while nonnosocomial ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was associated with decreased ciprofloxacin (P = 0.03) and nitrofurantoin (P &lt; 0.001) susceptibilities.	Ciprofloxacin	177-190	EsbL	Escherichia coli	118-122
22508296-4	2012	Nosocomial and nonnosocomial ESBL-producing E. coli isolates had similar susceptibility profiles, while nonnosocomial ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was associated with decreased ciprofloxacin (P = 0.03) and nitrofurantoin (P &lt; 0.001) susceptibilities.	Nitrofurantoin	206-220	EsbL	Escherichia coli	118-122
23198454-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro activity of fosfomycin against ESBL and non-ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae uropathogens in Lebanon.	Fosfomycin	49-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
23198454-6	2012	RESULTS: The fosfomycin susceptibility for ESBL-producing vs. non-ESBL-producing isolates was 86% vs. 97% for E. coli and 62% vs. 78% for K. pneumoniae.	Fosfomycin	13-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
23198454-6	2012	RESULTS: The fosfomycin susceptibility for ESBL-producing vs. non-ESBL-producing isolates was 86% vs. 97% for E. coli and 62% vs. 78% for K. pneumoniae.	Fosfomycin	13-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
23198454-7	2012	This activity of fosfomycin among ESBL-EC and ESBL-KP was generally higher than cefepime (26% &amp; 30%), ciprofloxacin (24% &amp; 41%), Trimeth/sulfa (26% &amp; 19%), Pip/taz (75% and 45%), gentamicin (45% &amp; 42%), and tobramycin (32% &amp; 26%).	Fosfomycin	17-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
23198454-7	2012	This activity of fosfomycin among ESBL-EC and ESBL-KP was generally higher than cefepime (26% &amp; 30%), ciprofloxacin (24% &amp; 41%), Trimeth/sulfa (26% &amp; 19%), Pip/taz (75% and 45%), gentamicin (45% &amp; 42%), and tobramycin (32% &amp; 26%).	Fosfomycin	17-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
23198454-8	2012	On the other hand, higher activity against both species of ESBL-producing bacteria was shown by amikacin (96% &amp; 79%) and imipenem (99.7% &amp; 98.8%).	Amikacin	96-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
23198454-8	2012	On the other hand, higher activity against both species of ESBL-producing bacteria was shown by amikacin (96% &amp; 79%) and imipenem (99.7% &amp; 98.8%).	Adenosine Monophosphate	111-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
23198454-8	2012	On the other hand, higher activity against both species of ESBL-producing bacteria was shown by amikacin (96% &amp; 79%) and imipenem (99.7% &amp; 98.8%).	Imipenem	125-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
23198454-8	2012	On the other hand, higher activity against both species of ESBL-producing bacteria was shown by amikacin (96% &amp; 79%) and imipenem (99.7% &amp; 98.8%).	Adenosine Monophosphate	142-145	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
23198454-9	2012	Nitroflurantoin was highly active against ESBL-EC (95%) but not against ESBL-KP (29%).	nitroflurantoin	0-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-46
23198454-10	2012	CONCLUSION: Fosfomycin shows good activity, being higher against ESBL-producing E. coli than K. pneumoniae uropathogens in Lebanon.	Fosfomycin	12-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	65-69
22430969-1	2012	A retrospective study was conducted at two medical centers in Taiwan to evaluate the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for mortality among patients treated with a carbapenem for bacteremia caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms.	Carbapenems	182-192	EsbL	Escherichia coli	218-250
22759758-0	2012	Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance mechanisms in ESBL positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains at a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Turkey.	Quinolones	17-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
22345386-7	2012	As for ESBL-producing ENSE isolates, 25% and 14.3% of E. coli isolates and 36.5% and 10.8% of K. pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to cefepime based on CLSI and EUCAST criteria, respectively.	Cefepime	137-145	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
22749058-7	2012	Marked differences (&gt;5%) in susceptibility of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates to carbapenems were noted between the profiles obtained using the 2009 CLSI criteria and those using the 2011 CLSI criteria.	Carbapenems	102-113	EsbL	Escherichia coli	49-53
22405322-11	2012	According to a univariate analysis, previous use of antibiotics (ciprofloxacin) appeared to be a risk factor for ESBL carriage (p &lt; 0.05).Escherichia coli was the species most frequently isolated among the ESBL producers in outpatients (66.7%) and student volunteers (90%).	Ciprofloxacin	65-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	113-117
22585617-0	2012	Prevalence of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes, aac(6")-Ib-cr, qepA, and oqxAB in clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Korea.	Quinolones	35-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	118-150
22826985-0	2012	In vivo susceptibility of ESBL producing Escherichia coli to ceftriaxone in children with acute pyelonephritis.	Ceftriaxone	61-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
22826985-2	2012	OBJECTIVE: To examine in vivo susceptibility of ESBL (+) E. coli to ceftriaxone (CTX), and to evaluate the options for empiric therapy for APN in children.	Ceftriaxone	68-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-52
22826985-4	2012	ESBL phenotypic confirmatory test with ceftazidime, CTX and cefotaxime was performed for all urine isolates by disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates.	Ceftazidime	39-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
22826985-4	2012	ESBL phenotypic confirmatory test with ceftazidime, CTX and cefotaxime was performed for all urine isolates by disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates.	Cefotaxime	60-70	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
22826985-4	2012	ESBL phenotypic confirmatory test with ceftazidime, CTX and cefotaxime was performed for all urine isolates by disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates.	Agar	151-155	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
22290945-1	2012	We investigated the clinical and microbiologic features of 300 cases of cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase (pAmpC) at three medical centers in the United States.	Cephalosporins	72-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	123-155
22405322-11	2012	According to a univariate analysis, previous use of antibiotics (ciprofloxacin) appeared to be a risk factor for ESBL carriage (p &lt; 0.05).Escherichia coli was the species most frequently isolated among the ESBL producers in outpatients (66.7%) and student volunteers (90%).	Ciprofloxacin	65-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	209-213
22155819-5	2012	The MIC(90) values of tigecycline against MRSA, VRE, ESBL-producing E. coli, ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, and A. baumannii were 0.5, 0.125, 0.5, 2, and 8 mug/ml, respectively.	Tigecycline	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	53-57
23214282-15	2012	The effectiveness of tigecycline against ESBL-producing E. coli strains was similar to that of imipenem and meropenem.	Tigecycline	21-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
22155819-5	2012	The MIC(90) values of tigecycline against MRSA, VRE, ESBL-producing E. coli, ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, and A. baumannii were 0.5, 0.125, 0.5, 2, and 8 mug/ml, respectively.	Tigecycline	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	77-81
22155819-9	2012	For routine susceptibility testing of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii against tigecycline, the broth microdilution method should be used because of the poor correlation of results between these two methods.	Tigecycline	92-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
22203598-4	2012	Among the Gram-negative bacteria, the tigecycline susceptibility rates were 99.65% for ESBL-producing E. coli (MIC(90), 0.5 mug/ml) and 96.32% for ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (MIC(90), 2 mug/ml) when interpreted by FDA criteria but were 98.7% and 85.8%, respectively, when interpreted by EUCAST-2011 criteria.	Tigecycline	38-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-91
22203598-4	2012	Among the Gram-negative bacteria, the tigecycline susceptibility rates were 99.65% for ESBL-producing E. coli (MIC(90), 0.5 mug/ml) and 96.32% for ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (MIC(90), 2 mug/ml) when interpreted by FDA criteria but were 98.7% and 85.8%, respectively, when interpreted by EUCAST-2011 criteria.	Tigecycline	38-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	147-151
21635662-4	2012	Ertapenem exhibited 99.3% susceptibility with all isolates, and 96.8% susceptibility with ESBL-positive isolates.	Ertapenem	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	90-94
22364227-12	2012	In the ESBL-producers, reduced susceptibility towards both gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was seen among 43% E. coli and 55% K. pneumoniae, leaving clinicians in these cases with only a carbapenem for the treatment of serious infections.	Gentamicins	59-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
22364227-12	2012	In the ESBL-producers, reduced susceptibility towards both gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was seen among 43% E. coli and 55% K. pneumoniae, leaving clinicians in these cases with only a carbapenem for the treatment of serious infections.	Ciprofloxacin	74-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
22364227-12	2012	In the ESBL-producers, reduced susceptibility towards both gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was seen among 43% E. coli and 55% K. pneumoniae, leaving clinicians in these cases with only a carbapenem for the treatment of serious infections.	Carbapenems	184-194	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
22220506-8	2012	Applying the new CLSI breakpoints for carbapenems, susceptibility to ertapenem was reduced significantly in ESBL-positive E. coli compared with ESBL-negative isolates (91% vs. 98%; p&lt;0.05), but this did not apply to imipenem-cilastatin (95% vs. 99%; p=0.0928).	Carbapenems	38-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-112
22546718-0	2012	Low frequency of ertapenem-resistant intra-abdominal isolates of Escherichia coli from Latin America: susceptibility, ESBL-occurrence, and molecular characterisation (SMART 2008-2009).	Ertapenem	17-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	118-122
22546718-5	2012	Against ESBL-positive isolates, only imipenem and ertapenem exhibited susceptibility &gt;=90%.	Imipenem	37-45	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
22546718-5	2012	Against ESBL-positive isolates, only imipenem and ertapenem exhibited susceptibility &gt;=90%.	Ertapenem	50-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
22546718-7	2012	Against ESBL-positive isolates only, resistance to ertapenem in Latin America overall was 0.9% (3/323), with a maximum of 9.1% (1/11) observed in Argentina.	Ertapenem	51-60	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
22244019-8	2012	Due to the high rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae and fluoroquinolone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae among isolates causing community-acquired IAIs in Asia, any fluoroquinolones (including moxifloxacin) are not recommended as drugs of choice for the empirical treatment of community-acquired IAIs, particularly in countries (China, India, Thailand, and Vietnam) with fluoroquinolone resistance rates among Escherichia coli isolates of &gt;20%.	Fluoroquinolones	203-219	EsbL	Escherichia coli	25-57
22244019-8	2012	Due to the high rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae and fluoroquinolone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae among isolates causing community-acquired IAIs in Asia, any fluoroquinolones (including moxifloxacin) are not recommended as drugs of choice for the empirical treatment of community-acquired IAIs, particularly in countries (China, India, Thailand, and Vietnam) with fluoroquinolone resistance rates among Escherichia coli isolates of &gt;20%.	Fluoroquinolones	203-218	EsbL	Escherichia coli	25-57
22220506-8	2012	Applying the new CLSI breakpoints for carbapenems, susceptibility to ertapenem was reduced significantly in ESBL-positive E. coli compared with ESBL-negative isolates (91% vs. 98%; p&lt;0.05), but this did not apply to imipenem-cilastatin (95% vs. 99%; p=0.0928).	Ertapenem	69-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-112
22220506-8	2012	Applying the new CLSI breakpoints for carbapenems, susceptibility to ertapenem was reduced significantly in ESBL-positive E. coli compared with ESBL-negative isolates (91% vs. 98%; p&lt;0.05), but this did not apply to imipenem-cilastatin (95% vs. 99%; p=0.0928).	Ertapenem	69-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	144-148
22220506-8	2012	Applying the new CLSI breakpoints for carbapenems, susceptibility to ertapenem was reduced significantly in ESBL-positive E. coli compared with ESBL-negative isolates (91% vs. 98%; p&lt;0.05), but this did not apply to imipenem-cilastatin (95% vs. 99%; p=0.0928).	Imipenem	219-227	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-112
22220506-8	2012	Applying the new CLSI breakpoints for carbapenems, susceptibility to ertapenem was reduced significantly in ESBL-positive E. coli compared with ESBL-negative isolates (91% vs. 98%; p&lt;0.05), but this did not apply to imipenem-cilastatin (95% vs. 99%; p=0.0928).	Cilastatin	228-238	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-112
26592057-4	2011	This study was done to determine in vitro activity of cefepime against ESBL producing clinical isolates.	Cefepime	54-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
22196060-9	2011	Of the 22 isolates of E. coli with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), the most susceptible antimicrobial agent were colistin (20/22, 91%), ertapenem (21/22, 96%), meropenem and tigecycline (22/22, 100%).	Ertapenem	145-154	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-67
22196060-9	2011	Of the 22 isolates of E. coli with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), the most susceptible antimicrobial agent were colistin (20/22, 91%), ertapenem (21/22, 96%), meropenem and tigecycline (22/22, 100%).	Meropenem	169-178	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-67
22196060-9	2011	Of the 22 isolates of E. coli with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), the most susceptible antimicrobial agent were colistin (20/22, 91%), ertapenem (21/22, 96%), meropenem and tigecycline (22/22, 100%).	Tigecycline	183-194	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-67
21685166-2	2011	Three ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were identified among the 100 ampicillin-resistant isolates.	Ampicillin	68-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
22832033-8	2012	Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of selected, molecularly characterized ESBL producers revealed susceptibility to tigecycline among 97.9% (191/195) of the E. coli and 78.8% (26/33) of the K. pneumoniae isolates.	Tigecycline	118-129	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
21903826-1	2012	In this study, the frequency of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanisms were investigated in 206 clinical isolates of third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in four hospitals in the Republic of Ireland.	Cephalosporins	196-209	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-71
22808728-12	2012	Drugs with the highest efficiency against K. pneumoniae ESBL(+), in our in vitro studies, were: imipenem (100%), meropenem (100%), amikacin (90%) and tetracycline (75%).	Imipenem	96-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-60
22808728-12	2012	Drugs with the highest efficiency against K. pneumoniae ESBL(+), in our in vitro studies, were: imipenem (100%), meropenem (100%), amikacin (90%) and tetracycline (75%).	Meropenem	113-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-60
22808728-12	2012	Drugs with the highest efficiency against K. pneumoniae ESBL(+), in our in vitro studies, were: imipenem (100%), meropenem (100%), amikacin (90%) and tetracycline (75%).	Amikacin	131-139	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-60
22808728-12	2012	Drugs with the highest efficiency against K. pneumoniae ESBL(+), in our in vitro studies, were: imipenem (100%), meropenem (100%), amikacin (90%) and tetracycline (75%).	Tetracycline	150-162	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-60
22808728-15	2012	Isolates of E. coli ESBL(+) demonstrated the greatest susceptibility in case of amikacin (92%) and piperacillin with tazobactam (76%), which suggests the highest activity of that antimicrobials against infections caused by examined strains.	Amikacin	80-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
22808728-15	2012	Isolates of E. coli ESBL(+) demonstrated the greatest susceptibility in case of amikacin (92%) and piperacillin with tazobactam (76%), which suggests the highest activity of that antimicrobials against infections caused by examined strains.	Piperacillin	99-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
22808728-15	2012	Isolates of E. coli ESBL(+) demonstrated the greatest susceptibility in case of amikacin (92%) and piperacillin with tazobactam (76%), which suggests the highest activity of that antimicrobials against infections caused by examined strains.	Tazobactam	117-127	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
23152812-0	2012	AFM probing the mechanism of synergistic effects of the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) with cefotaxime against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate	66-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	139-171
23152812-0	2012	AFM probing the mechanism of synergistic effects of the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) with cefotaxime against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	epigallocatechin gallate	109-113	EsbL	Escherichia coli	139-171
23152812-0	2012	AFM probing the mechanism of synergistic effects of the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) with cefotaxime against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	Cefotaxime	120-130	EsbL	Escherichia coli	139-171
23152812-2	2012	METHODS AND FINDINGS: The mechanism of synergistic activity of a combination of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and beta-lactam antibiotics cefotaxime was studied on Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), by visualizing the morphological alteration on the cell wall induced by the combination using atomic force microscopy (AFM).	epigallocatechin gallate	80-110	EsbL	Escherichia coli	172-204
23152812-2	2012	METHODS AND FINDINGS: The mechanism of synergistic activity of a combination of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and beta-lactam antibiotics cefotaxime was studied on Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), by visualizing the morphological alteration on the cell wall induced by the combination using atomic force microscopy (AFM).	epigallocatechin gallate	112-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	172-204
23152812-2	2012	METHODS AND FINDINGS: The mechanism of synergistic activity of a combination of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and beta-lactam antibiotics cefotaxime was studied on Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), by visualizing the morphological alteration on the cell wall induced by the combination using atomic force microscopy (AFM).	beta-Lactams	122-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	172-204
23152812-2	2012	METHODS AND FINDINGS: The mechanism of synergistic activity of a combination of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and beta-lactam antibiotics cefotaxime was studied on Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), by visualizing the morphological alteration on the cell wall induced by the combination using atomic force microscopy (AFM).	Cefotaxime	146-156	EsbL	Escherichia coli	172-204
21820398-2	2011	Emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants in ESBL-producing isolates poses a global threat.	Quinolones	30-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	74-78
26592057-8	2011	Cefepime is less active against ESBL producing organisms; hence the use.of this drug should be guided using local resistance profile.	Cefepime	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
21751604-8	2011	Amongst the ESBL-positive isolates of E. coli, 94% were susceptible in vitro to ertapenem, 96% to imipenem and 76% to piperacillin-tazobactam.	Ertapenem	80-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
21633029-1	2011	The aim of this study was to obtain data on susceptibility patterns of pathogens responsible for both community and hospital urinary tract infections (UTIs); and analyzed risk factors for infection caused by ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains in Rwanda.	Ciprofloxacin	208-221	EsbL	Escherichia coli	287-291
21633029-6	2011	Risk factors for ESBL positivity were the use of ciprofloxacin and third-generation cephalosporin in the preceding 6 months (OR = 3.05 [1.42-6.58] and OR = 9.78 [2.71-35.25], respectively); and being an inpatient (OR = 2.27 [1.79-2.89]).	Ciprofloxacin	49-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
21633029-6	2011	Risk factors for ESBL positivity were the use of ciprofloxacin and third-generation cephalosporin in the preceding 6 months (OR = 3.05 [1.42-6.58] and OR = 9.78 [2.71-35.25], respectively); and being an inpatient (OR = 2.27 [1.79-2.89]).	Cephalosporins	84-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
21398070-0	2011	Carbapenem therapy for bacteremia due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Carbapenems	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-73
21751604-8	2011	Amongst the ESBL-positive isolates of E. coli, 94% were susceptible in vitro to ertapenem, 96% to imipenem and 76% to piperacillin-tazobactam.	Imipenem	98-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
21751604-8	2011	Amongst the ESBL-positive isolates of E. coli, 94% were susceptible in vitro to ertapenem, 96% to imipenem and 76% to piperacillin-tazobactam.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	118-141	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
21183602-6	2011	ESBL-producing strains exhibited frequent co-resistance to aminoglycosides and ciprofloxacin, but remained susceptible to imipenem.	Aminoglycosides	59-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
21382411-8	2011	The resistance of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae to carbapenems also increased, especially to ertapenem (9.9%).	Carbapenems	50-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
21323503-1	2011	OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates to ertapenem in a tertiary pediatric care center in Turkey.	Ertapenem	165-174	EsbL	Escherichia coli	109-113
21323503-3	2011	RESULTS: Ninety-nine per cent of the ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates were found to be susceptible to ertapenem, 99.5% to imipenem and 100% to meropenem.	Ertapenem	110-119	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
21323503-3	2011	RESULTS: Ninety-nine per cent of the ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates were found to be susceptible to ertapenem, 99.5% to imipenem and 100% to meropenem.	Imipenem	130-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
21323503-3	2011	RESULTS: Ninety-nine per cent of the ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates were found to be susceptible to ertapenem, 99.5% to imipenem and 100% to meropenem.	Meropenem	151-160	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
21323503-5	2011	CONCLUSION: The results of our data, including isolates from children, showed that ertapenem had high in vitro activity against the majority of the ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella species, as reported in previously published studies.	Ertapenem	83-92	EsbL	Escherichia coli	148-152
21382411-8	2011	The resistance of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae to carbapenems also increased, especially to ertapenem (9.9%).	Ertapenem	92-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
21382411-9	2011	Using M100-S20 criteria, 19% of ESBL-producing E. coli and 9% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to ceftazidime; 5% and 10% were susceptible to cefepime, respectively.	Ceftazidime	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
21382411-9	2011	Using M100-S20 criteria, 19% of ESBL-producing E. coli and 9% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to ceftazidime; 5% and 10% were susceptible to cefepime, respectively.	Ceftazidime	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	65-69
21382411-10	2011	Using M100-S20-U guidelines, the susceptibility rates of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (88%) and Enterobacter cloacae (69%) to ertapenem were substantially decreased from those determined using M100-S20.	Ertapenem	126-135	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
21183602-6	2011	ESBL-producing strains exhibited frequent co-resistance to aminoglycosides and ciprofloxacin, but remained susceptible to imipenem.	Ciprofloxacin	79-92	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
21183602-6	2011	ESBL-producing strains exhibited frequent co-resistance to aminoglycosides and ciprofloxacin, but remained susceptible to imipenem.	Imipenem	122-130	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
21184671-11	2010	Similarly, ESBL- producing Klebsiella spp strains were significantly more resistance to cotrimoxazole (92.6%), ciprofloxacin (25.0%), nalidixic acid (66.2%), and gentamicin (38.2%) than strains that did not produce ESBL (P &lt; 0.05).	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	88-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	11-15
21701662-7	2011	All the ESBL isolates showed co- resistance to various other groups of antibiotics, including 3GC antibiotics, though all the isolates were sensitive to both the carbapenems tested.	Carbapenems	162-173	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-12
21701662-8	2011	Conjugation-mediated transfer of resistance under laboratory as well as environmental conditions at a frequency of 3-4 x 10(-5), and transformation-mediated dissemination of cefotaxime and gentamicin resistance shed light on the propensity of ESBL producers for horizontal transfer.	Cefotaxime	174-184	EsbL	Escherichia coli	243-247
21701662-8	2011	Conjugation-mediated transfer of resistance under laboratory as well as environmental conditions at a frequency of 3-4 x 10(-5), and transformation-mediated dissemination of cefotaxime and gentamicin resistance shed light on the propensity of ESBL producers for horizontal transfer.	Gentamicins	189-199	EsbL	Escherichia coli	243-247
22323032-5	2011	All of these ESBL strains were also resistant to levofloxacin (LVFX).	Levofloxacin	49-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
22323032-5	2011	All of these ESBL strains were also resistant to levofloxacin (LVFX).	Levofloxacin	63-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
21184671-10	2010	ESBL- producing E. coli strains were significantly more resistance to cotrimoxazole (90.7%), ciprofloxacin (46.3%) and nalidixic acid (61.6%) than strains that did not produce ESBL (p &lt; 0.05).	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	70-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
21184671-10	2010	ESBL- producing E. coli strains were significantly more resistance to cotrimoxazole (90.7%), ciprofloxacin (46.3%) and nalidixic acid (61.6%) than strains that did not produce ESBL (p &lt; 0.05).	Ciprofloxacin	93-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
21184671-10	2010	ESBL- producing E. coli strains were significantly more resistance to cotrimoxazole (90.7%), ciprofloxacin (46.3%) and nalidixic acid (61.6%) than strains that did not produce ESBL (p &lt; 0.05).	Nalidixic Acid	119-133	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
21503400-9	2011	Among ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, 74.3% transferred ESBL genes by conjugation and exhibited concomitant decreased aminoglycosides susceptibility.	Aminoglycosides	116-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
21503400-9	2011	Among ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, 74.3% transferred ESBL genes by conjugation and exhibited concomitant decreased aminoglycosides susceptibility.	Aminoglycosides	116-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
21184671-11	2010	Similarly, ESBL- producing Klebsiella spp strains were significantly more resistance to cotrimoxazole (92.6%), ciprofloxacin (25.0%), nalidixic acid (66.2%), and gentamicin (38.2%) than strains that did not produce ESBL (P &lt; 0.05).	Ciprofloxacin	111-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	11-15
21184671-11	2010	Similarly, ESBL- producing Klebsiella spp strains were significantly more resistance to cotrimoxazole (92.6%), ciprofloxacin (25.0%), nalidixic acid (66.2%), and gentamicin (38.2%) than strains that did not produce ESBL (P &lt; 0.05).	Nalidixic Acid	134-148	EsbL	Escherichia coli	11-15
21184671-11	2010	Similarly, ESBL- producing Klebsiella spp strains were significantly more resistance to cotrimoxazole (92.6%), ciprofloxacin (25.0%), nalidixic acid (66.2%), and gentamicin (38.2%) than strains that did not produce ESBL (P &lt; 0.05).	Gentamicins	162-172	EsbL	Escherichia coli	11-15
21563608-9	2010	Prior use of 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporins was associated with an increased risk of ESBL production (p = 0.017).	Cephalosporins	35-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	91-95
21249457-7	2011	Additionally, we investigated plasmid-mediated qnr genes which can contribute to quinolone resistance, qnrA was found in an AmpC producing E. coli from Innsbruck and qnrS in two ESBL producers from Bolzano.	Quinolones	81-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	178-182
21563608-17	2010	The empiric use of 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins should be curtailed, as cephalosporin use was associated with an increased risk of ESBL production.	Cephalosporins	42-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	140-144
21563608-17	2010	The empiric use of 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins should be curtailed, as cephalosporin use was associated with an increased risk of ESBL production.	Cephalosporins	42-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	140-144
21563608-18	2010	In view of their excellent in-vitro activity, carbapenems should be the initial empiric choice for serious life threatening infections caused by ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae, with prompt de-escalation when culture and susceptibility results become available.	Carbapenems	46-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	145-149
21157148-9	2010	Fifty-one percent (21/41) of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae with ESBL types verified by sequencing also had DHA-1-like AmpC beta-lactamases.	dha-1	106-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
21157148-9	2010	Fifty-one percent (21/41) of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae with ESBL types verified by sequencing also had DHA-1-like AmpC beta-lactamases.	dha-1	106-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	63-67
21279294-1	2010	The capacity of the DIRAMIC system to detect strains producing extended-spectrum-betalactamase (ESBL) was evaluated through the comparison with two phenotypic confirmatory tests: double-disk synergy test and E-test.	diramic	20-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
20624078-8	2010	Ceftriaxone may be the recommended substance for monitoring because of some ability in separating ampC hyper-producing E. coli from ESBL and plasmidic AmpC isolates.	Ceftriaxone	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
21279294-6	2010	The results obtained vouch for the utility of the DIRAMIC as a rapid method to alert about the presence of strains producing ESBL enzymes.	diramic	50-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	125-129
20818104-8	2010	Two (5%) of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates, but no E. coli isolates, were resistant to carbapenems.	Carbapenems	94-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
20728316-6	2010	Twenty percent of ESBL-producing E. coli and 10% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to ceftazidime based on the CLSI 2010 guidelines.	Ceftazidime	101-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
20728316-6	2010	Twenty percent of ESBL-producing E. coli and 10% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to ceftazidime based on the CLSI 2010 guidelines.	Ceftazidime	101-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
20728316-8	2010	However, isolates of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae exhibiting non-susceptibility to ertapenem (7.5%) and imipenem (1.9%) emerged, particularly from community-associated IAIs and those isolated from patients in intensive care units.	Ertapenem	83-92	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
20728316-8	2010	However, isolates of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae exhibiting non-susceptibility to ertapenem (7.5%) and imipenem (1.9%) emerged, particularly from community-associated IAIs and those isolated from patients in intensive care units.	Imipenem	104-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
20851815-0	2010	Parallel increase in community use of fosfomycin and resistance to fosfomycin in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	Fosfomycin	38-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
20851815-0	2010	Parallel increase in community use of fosfomycin and resistance to fosfomycin in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli.	Fosfomycin	67-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
20851815-1	2010	OBJECTIVES: To document fosfomycin susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), analyse trends in fosfomycin use and investigate fosfomycin resistance in ESBL-EC isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs).	Fosfomycin	24-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	114-118
20851815-4	2010	In addition, the trend in fosfomycin resistance among ESBL-EC causing UTIs was determined in 9 of the 27 hospitals.	Fosfomycin	26-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
20851815-7	2010	The overall rate of fosfomycin resistance was 9.1%, but varied according to ESBL type (5.6% of CTX-M-14 isolates, 5.1% of SHV-12 and 15.3% of CTX-M-15).	Fosfomycin	20-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
20851815-9	2010	Predictors of infection with fosfomycin-resistant ESBL-EC were O25b/phylogroup B2 isolates, female gender and nursing home residence.	Fosfomycin	29-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	50-54
20851815-13	2010	CONCLUSIONS: Key factors related to increased fosfomycin resistance in ESBL-EC causing UTIs could be the rapid growth in community use of fosfomycin, the widespread distribution of the 025b/B2 E. coli clone and the existence of a susceptible population comprising women residing in nursing home facilities.	Fosfomycin	46-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
20851815-13	2010	CONCLUSIONS: Key factors related to increased fosfomycin resistance in ESBL-EC causing UTIs could be the rapid growth in community use of fosfomycin, the widespread distribution of the 025b/B2 E. coli clone and the existence of a susceptible population comprising women residing in nursing home facilities.	Fosfomycin	138-148	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
20818104-9	2010	In vitro, all ESBL producers were sensitive to tigecycline.	Tigecycline	47-58	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
20818104-11	2010	ESBL-producing organisms were found to be more susceptible to meropenem than to imipenem and ertapenem.	Meropenem	62-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
20818104-11	2010	ESBL-producing organisms were found to be more susceptible to meropenem than to imipenem and ertapenem.	Imipenem	80-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
20818104-11	2010	ESBL-producing organisms were found to be more susceptible to meropenem than to imipenem and ertapenem.	Ertapenem	93-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
20818104-12	2010	Tigecycline is active against all the ESBL or multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli and Klebsiella spp.	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
20639374-3	2010	All strains were confirmed for ESBL-producing capability by both the clavulanic acid combination disc method and MIC determination.	Clavulanic Acid	69-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
20635454-2	2010	In addition, the quinolone resistance qnr genes are becoming increasingly prevalent in clinical isolates, some of which also produce ESBL.	Quinolones	17-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
19800278-1	2010	We report the case of a patient with vertebral osteomyelitis and concurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in which extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (EC(1)) isolated from urine culture was ciprofloxacin-resistant and ertapenem/imipenem-susceptible.	Ciprofloxacin	222-235	EsbL	Escherichia coli	149-153
19800278-1	2010	We report the case of a patient with vertebral osteomyelitis and concurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in which extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (EC(1)) isolated from urine culture was ciprofloxacin-resistant and ertapenem/imipenem-susceptible.	Ertapenem	250-259	EsbL	Escherichia coli	149-153
19800278-1	2010	We report the case of a patient with vertebral osteomyelitis and concurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in which extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (EC(1)) isolated from urine culture was ciprofloxacin-resistant and ertapenem/imipenem-susceptible.	Imipenem	260-268	EsbL	Escherichia coli	149-153
19800278-7	2010	From the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics points of view, it is reasonable to attribute the ertapenem treatment failure in vertebral osteomyelitis due to ESBL-producing E. coli in this case to the suboptimal ertapenem concentration in the inflammatory bone tissue of the host.	Ertapenem	93-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	155-159
19800278-7	2010	From the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics points of view, it is reasonable to attribute the ertapenem treatment failure in vertebral osteomyelitis due to ESBL-producing E. coli in this case to the suboptimal ertapenem concentration in the inflammatory bone tissue of the host.	Ertapenem	209-218	EsbL	Escherichia coli	155-159
20635454-6	2010	The cefotaxime and ceftazidime resistance of the ESBL-producers were transferred to azide-resistant E. coli J53 by conjugation.	Cefotaxime	4-14	EsbL	Escherichia coli	49-53
20635454-6	2010	The cefotaxime and ceftazidime resistance of the ESBL-producers were transferred to azide-resistant E. coli J53 by conjugation.	Ceftazidime	19-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	49-53
20635454-6	2010	The cefotaxime and ceftazidime resistance of the ESBL-producers were transferred to azide-resistant E. coli J53 by conjugation.	Azides	84-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	49-53
20635454-10	2010	The most prevalent ESBL genotype was CTX-M15.	ctx-m15	37-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	19-23
20367084-6	2010	Further, the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli isolates was estimated in the 54 fecal samples of ostriches using cefotaxime-supplemented Levine agar plates for ESBL-positive E. coli recovery.	Cefotaxime	151-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-59
20367084-6	2010	Further, the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli isolates was estimated in the 54 fecal samples of ostriches using cefotaxime-supplemented Levine agar plates for ESBL-positive E. coli recovery.	Agar	182-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-59
20150317-3	2010	Most of the ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates (98.6% and 97%, respectively) could be detected using cefotaxime discs with and without clavulanate.	Cefotaxime	116-126	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
20664784-8	2010	CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of ESBL-producing microorganism was 12.6% and the risk appeared to be increased in cases with a previous hospitalization, a recent history of urinary catheterization, inpatient status, cefaclor medication, cefminox administration, and female gender.	Cefaclor	221-229	EsbL	Escherichia coli	39-43
20664784-8	2010	CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of ESBL-producing microorganism was 12.6% and the risk appeared to be increased in cases with a previous hospitalization, a recent history of urinary catheterization, inpatient status, cefaclor medication, cefminox administration, and female gender.	cefminox	242-250	EsbL	Escherichia coli	39-43
20802945-5	2010	The sensitivity of these isolates to meropenem was 91.4% and to piperacillin/tazobactam, 67.4% CONCLUSIONS: The ESBL levels founded confirm the worldwide concern regarding this resistance mechanism.	Meropenem	37-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-116
20802945-5	2010	The sensitivity of these isolates to meropenem was 91.4% and to piperacillin/tazobactam, 67.4% CONCLUSIONS: The ESBL levels founded confirm the worldwide concern regarding this resistance mechanism.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	64-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-116
20150317-3	2010	Most of the ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates (98.6% and 97%, respectively) could be detected using cefotaxime discs with and without clavulanate.	Clavulanic Acid	150-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
21116426-0	2010	Screening of clinical, food, water and animal isolates of Escherichia coli for the presence of blaCTX-M extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) antibiotic resistance gene loci.	Water	29-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
20236421-0	2010	The prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants among clinical isolates of ESBL or AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from Chinese pediatric patients.	Quinolones	35-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
20106863-2	2010	METHODS: Bacteria in stool specimens were screened for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production on McConkey agar with cefotaxime and confirmed by the double-disc synergy test.	Agar	118-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-87
20106863-2	2010	METHODS: Bacteria in stool specimens were screened for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production on McConkey agar with cefotaxime and confirmed by the double-disc synergy test.	Cefotaxime	128-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-87
20085420-5	2010	Of the members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, only 2 E. coli isolates were resistant to cefpodoxime, of which one produced ESBL.	cefpodoxime	91-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	126-130
19614715-6	2010	At high inocula, MICs of piperacillin increased &gt;eight-fold for non-ESBL-producing strains, and MICs of piperacillin-tazobactam (8:1 ratio or with tazobactam fixed at 4 mg/L) increased&gt;eight-fold for all ESBL-producing strains.	Piperacillin	25-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
20031243-6	2010	Three of the 79 food samples (3.8%) contained broad-spectrum-cephalosporin-resistant and ESBL-negative E. coli isolates with AmpC phenotype.	ampc	125-129	EsbL	Escherichia coli	89-93
19614715-7	2010	However, amoxycillin MICs were not affected by a high inoculum with non-ESBL-producing strains, whereas the MICs of amoxycillin-clavulanate (2:1 and 4:1) increased &lt;or=four-fold for ESBL producers, using the broth and agar dilution methods.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	116-139	EsbL	Escherichia coli	185-189
19614715-9	2010	Similarly, at a high inoculum, only amoxycillin-clavulanate was able to maintain bactericidal rates of killing over 24 h against the ESBL-positive E. coli isolates.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	36-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
19614715-10	2010	The stability of amoxycillin-clavulanate and the contrasting results obtained with piperacillin-tazobactam against high inocula of ESBL-non-producing and ESBL-producing E. coli strains appear to be related to aspects other than the amount of beta-lactamase production.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	83-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	131-135
19614715-10	2010	The stability of amoxycillin-clavulanate and the contrasting results obtained with piperacillin-tazobactam against high inocula of ESBL-non-producing and ESBL-producing E. coli strains appear to be related to aspects other than the amount of beta-lactamase production.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	83-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	154-158
20090229-0	2010	Plasmid profile of ESBL producing Gram-negative bacteria and correlation with susceptibility to beta-lactam drugs.	beta-Lactams	96-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	19-23
20387724-6	2010	ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae showed high resistance rates to aminoglycosides, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin and quinolones while ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, with exception of high aminoglycoside resistance, showed low resistance rates to other antibiotics.	Aminoglycosides	61-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
20387724-6	2010	ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae showed high resistance rates to aminoglycosides, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin and quinolones while ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, with exception of high aminoglycoside resistance, showed low resistance rates to other antibiotics.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	78-91	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
20387724-6	2010	ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae showed high resistance rates to aminoglycosides, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin and quinolones while ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, with exception of high aminoglycoside resistance, showed low resistance rates to other antibiotics.	Nitrofurantoin	93-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
20387724-6	2010	ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae showed high resistance rates to aminoglycosides, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin and quinolones while ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, with exception of high aminoglycoside resistance, showed low resistance rates to other antibiotics.	Quinolones	112-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
20387724-6	2010	ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae showed high resistance rates to aminoglycosides, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin and quinolones while ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, with exception of high aminoglycoside resistance, showed low resistance rates to other antibiotics.	Aminoglycosides	61-75	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
20387724-11	2010	ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates, in contrast to ESBL-producing E. coli, showed higher resistance rates to non-beta-lactam antibiotics, probably caused by cotransfer of resistance genes located on the same plasmid as ESBL genes.	beta-Lactams	116-127	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
20090229-1	2010	BACKGROUND: Members of family Enterobacteriaceae can acquire resistance to extended spectrum beta lactams by a number of mechanisms; most important being the plasmid encoded extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC beta lactamase.	beta-Lactams	93-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	174-206
20090229-1	2010	BACKGROUND: Members of family Enterobacteriaceae can acquire resistance to extended spectrum beta lactams by a number of mechanisms; most important being the plasmid encoded extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC beta lactamase.	beta-Lactams	93-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	208-212
20129148-2	2010	We evaluated the evidence on fosfomycin as a treatment option for infections caused by members of the family Enterobacteriaceae with advanced resistance to antimicrobial drugs, including producers of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Fosfomycin	29-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	234-238
20129148-5	2010	Using a provisional minimum inhibitory concentration susceptibility breakpoint of 64 mg/L or less, 1604 (96.8%) of 1657 Escherichia coli isolates producing ESBL were susceptible to fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	181-191	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
20129148-6	2010	Similarly, 608 (81.3%) of 748 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing ESBL were susceptible to fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	96-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
20129148-7	2010	In two clinical studies, oral treatment with fosfomycin-trometamol was clinically effective against complicated or uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing E coli in, cumulatively, 75 (93.8%) of the 80 patients evaluated.	Fosfomycin	45-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	170-174
20731243-7	2010	Production of ESBL was observed in 4.4% of strains, which in addition to resistance to penicillin and cephalosporins showed resistance to antibiotics belonging to other groups.	Penicillins	87-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
20455405-9	2010	All (100%) of the 159 ESBL positive E. coli strains by DDS test were also found positive on chromID ESBL agar, and 150 (94.3%) were found positive on Drigalski agar.	Agar	105-109	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
20731243-7	2010	Production of ESBL was observed in 4.4% of strains, which in addition to resistance to penicillin and cephalosporins showed resistance to antibiotics belonging to other groups.	Cephalosporins	102-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
20130375-7	2009	The cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate Etest strip detected the maximum number of isolates (70/113, 61.9 %) as ESBL-positive compared to the ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanate and cefotaxime/cefotaxime-clavulanate strips, which detected 57 (50.4%) isolates each as ESBL-positive.	Cefepime	4-12	EsbL	Escherichia coli	261-265
20464329-4	2009	An ESBL-EK isolate was defined as MDR if it was resistant to at least one member of following two classes of antibiotics: aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, or netilmycin) and fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin).	Aminoglycosides	122-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
20464329-4	2009	An ESBL-EK isolate was defined as MDR if it was resistant to at least one member of following two classes of antibiotics: aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, or netilmycin) and fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin).	Amikacin	139-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
20464329-4	2009	An ESBL-EK isolate was defined as MDR if it was resistant to at least one member of following two classes of antibiotics: aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, or netilmycin) and fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin).	Gentamicins	149-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
20464329-4	2009	An ESBL-EK isolate was defined as MDR if it was resistant to at least one member of following two classes of antibiotics: aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, or netilmycin) and fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin).	Netilmicin	164-174	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
20464329-4	2009	An ESBL-EK isolate was defined as MDR if it was resistant to at least one member of following two classes of antibiotics: aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, or netilmycin) and fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin).	Fluoroquinolones	180-196	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
20464329-4	2009	An ESBL-EK isolate was defined as MDR if it was resistant to at least one member of following two classes of antibiotics: aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, or netilmycin) and fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin).	Ofloxacin	198-207	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
20464329-4	2009	An ESBL-EK isolate was defined as MDR if it was resistant to at least one member of following two classes of antibiotics: aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, or netilmycin) and fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin).	Ciprofloxacin	212-225	EsbL	Escherichia coli	3-7
20046086-1	2009	BACKGROUND: Concomitant quinolone resistance in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae is a crucial problem in the clinical management of infections.	Quinolones	24-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
20046086-11	2009	CONCLUSIONS: The aac(6")-Ib-cr variants were widespread and showed significant relation to the high-level quinolone and aminoglycoside resistance in ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae.	Quinolones	106-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	149-153
20130375-0	2009	Use of the cefepime-clavulanate ESBL Etest for detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in AmpC co-producing bacteria.	cefepime-clavulanate	11-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
20130375-2	2009	This study reports the performance of the cefepime-clavulanate ESBL Etest for the detection of ESBLs in Enterobacteriaceae, including those producing AmpC enzyme.	cefepime-clavulanate	42-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	63-67
20130375-6	2009	Respectively, 42 (37.2%) and 55 (48.7%) isolates were positive for ESBL by the ceftazidime-clavulanate and cefotaxime-clavulanate combined disk tests.	ceftazidime-clavulanate	79-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-71
20130375-6	2009	Respectively, 42 (37.2%) and 55 (48.7%) isolates were positive for ESBL by the ceftazidime-clavulanate and cefotaxime-clavulanate combined disk tests.	cefotaxime-clavulanate	107-129	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-71
20130375-7	2009	The cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate Etest strip detected the maximum number of isolates (70/113, 61.9 %) as ESBL-positive compared to the ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanate and cefotaxime/cefotaxime-clavulanate strips, which detected 57 (50.4%) isolates each as ESBL-positive.	Cefepime	4-12	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-110
20130375-7	2009	The cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate Etest strip detected the maximum number of isolates (70/113, 61.9 %) as ESBL-positive compared to the ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanate and cefotaxime/cefotaxime-clavulanate strips, which detected 57 (50.4%) isolates each as ESBL-positive.	cefepime-clavulanate	13-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-110
19951668-2	2009	Previous cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones usage are the two most frequent risk factors identified in patients that harbor ESBL-producing bacteria.	Cephalosporins	9-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	125-129
20130375-7	2009	The cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate Etest strip detected the maximum number of isolates (70/113, 61.9 %) as ESBL-positive compared to the ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanate and cefotaxime/cefotaxime-clavulanate strips, which detected 57 (50.4%) isolates each as ESBL-positive.	cefepime-clavulanate	13-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	261-265
20130375-9	2009	In the 66 (58.4%) isolates that co-produced AmpC in addition to the ESBL enzymes, cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate Etest strip detected ESBL in an additional 13 (11.4%) isolates as compared to the other ESBL Etest strips.	Cefepime	82-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
20130375-9	2009	In the 66 (58.4%) isolates that co-produced AmpC in addition to the ESBL enzymes, cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate Etest strip detected ESBL in an additional 13 (11.4%) isolates as compared to the other ESBL Etest strips.	Cefepime	82-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
20130375-9	2009	In the 66 (58.4%) isolates that co-produced AmpC in addition to the ESBL enzymes, cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate Etest strip detected ESBL in an additional 13 (11.4%) isolates as compared to the other ESBL Etest strips.	cefepime-clavulanate	91-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
20130375-9	2009	In the 66 (58.4%) isolates that co-produced AmpC in addition to the ESBL enzymes, cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate Etest strip detected ESBL in an additional 13 (11.4%) isolates as compared to the other ESBL Etest strips.	cefepime-clavulanate	91-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
20130375-10	2009	CONCLUSIONS: Cefepime-clavulanate ESBL Etest is a suitable substitute to test for ESBL production, especially in organisms producing AmpC beta-lactamases.	cefepime-clavulanate	13-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
20130375-10	2009	CONCLUSIONS: Cefepime-clavulanate ESBL Etest is a suitable substitute to test for ESBL production, especially in organisms producing AmpC beta-lactamases.	cefepime-clavulanate	13-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
19951668-2	2009	Previous cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones usage are the two most frequent risk factors identified in patients that harbor ESBL-producing bacteria.	Fluoroquinolones	28-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	125-129
19951668-5	2009	For serious systemic infections caused by ESBL-producing bacteria, carbapenems should be regarded as drugs of choice.	Carbapenems	67-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-46
19549667-0	2009	Nursing homes as a reservoir of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli.	Ciprofloxacin	82-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-64
20182674-10	2009	CONCLUSIONS: ESBL E. coli and K. pneumoniae are highly resistant to ciprofloxacin, so this antibiotic should be avoided for patients with community-acquired bacteremia.	Ciprofloxacin	68-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
20182674-11	2009	ESBL E. coli and K. pneumoniae are highly susceptible to ertapenem.	Ertapenem	57-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
19549667-0	2009	Nursing homes as a reservoir of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli.	Ciprofloxacin	82-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
19549667-1	2009	BACKGROUND: To assess the prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistant, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli) among residents in nursing homes in Northern Ireland.	Fluoroquinolones	77-92	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
21475532-3	2009	Delayed recognition and inappropriate treatment of severe infections caused by ESBL producers with cephalosporin has been associated with increased mortality.	Cephalosporins	99-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	79-83
19494061-9	2009	For a ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, or cefotaxime MIC of &gt; or =2 microg/ml, a dichotomy existed between isolates with and without ESBL and pAmpC genes in most cases.	Cefotaxime	35-45	EsbL	Escherichia coli	129-133
19494061-10	2009	This suggests that the presence of the ESBL and the pAmpC enzymes may yield similar MICs of extended-spectrum cephalosporins, many of which fall within the current nonresistant categories.	Cephalosporins	110-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	39-43
19364850-1	2009	Tigecycline is a glycylcycline with activity against Enterobacteriaceae, including multidrug-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemases.	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	168-200
19364850-1	2009	Tigecycline is a glycylcycline with activity against Enterobacteriaceae, including multidrug-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemases.	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	202-206
19364850-1	2009	Tigecycline is a glycylcycline with activity against Enterobacteriaceae, including multidrug-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemases.	CL 331002	17-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	202-206
21475532-4	2009	ESBL-mediated resistance is not always obvious in vitro to all cephalosporin.	Cephalosporins	63-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
19949753-0	2009	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing phenotype signifies a poor prognosis for patients with cefpodoxime-resistant Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia.	cefpodoxime	98-109	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
19949753-2	2009	This study explored the clinical impact of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production among cefpodoxime-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia.	cefpodoxime	100-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-75
19364850-9	2009	An experiment in nonneutropenic mice infected with an ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolate resulted in the lowest tigecycline fAUC/MIC EI(80) and EI(50) values at 1.8 and 1.0 for E. coli and 1.7 and 1.6 for K. pneumoniae.	tigecycline fauc	126-142	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
19464043-12	2009	All patients with ESBL-producing E. coli were treated with imipenem.	Imipenem	59-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
21475532-5	2009	Many ESBL producers are multi -resistant to non-B-Lactam antibiotics such as quinolones and amino glycosides, narrowing treatment options.	b-lactam	48-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
21475532-5	2009	Many ESBL producers are multi -resistant to non-B-Lactam antibiotics such as quinolones and amino glycosides, narrowing treatment options.	Quinolones	77-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
21475532-5	2009	Many ESBL producers are multi -resistant to non-B-Lactam antibiotics such as quinolones and amino glycosides, narrowing treatment options.	Aminoglycosides	92-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
19464043-14	2009	Imipenem and piperacillin-tazobactam were the most active agents against ESBL-producing E. coli.	Imipenem	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
19464043-14	2009	Imipenem and piperacillin-tazobactam were the most active agents against ESBL-producing E. coli.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	13-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
19464043-15	2009	ESBL-producing isolates had a significant reduction in activity for most antimicrobial agents, including fluoroquinolones and amikacin.	Fluoroquinolones	105-121	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
19464043-15	2009	ESBL-producing isolates had a significant reduction in activity for most antimicrobial agents, including fluoroquinolones and amikacin.	Amikacin	126-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
19280294-1	2009	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria are known to be resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, and monobactams because of their substrate specificity, and these bacteria are sensitive only to a narrow range of antimicrobial agents.	Cephalosporins	101-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
19759473-7	2009	A significantly increased resistance rate to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin was observed in ESBL-nonproducing Enterobacteriaceae over the study period.	Nalidixic Acid	45-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-110
19759473-7	2009	A significantly increased resistance rate to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin was observed in ESBL-nonproducing Enterobacteriaceae over the study period.	Ciprofloxacin	61-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-110
19759473-7	2009	A significantly increased resistance rate to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin was observed in ESBL-nonproducing Enterobacteriaceae over the study period.	Gentamicins	79-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-110
18802728-3	2009	The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro activity of tigecycline against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp., and multidrug-resistant Enterobacter spp.	Tigecycline	61-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
18802728-3	2009	The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro activity of tigecycline against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp., and multidrug-resistant Enterobacter spp.	Tigecycline	61-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	114-118
19388560-7	2009	Among the ESBL-producing isolates, the sensitivity was from 3.3% to 61.5% for ampicillin to aztreonam.	Ampicillin	78-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-14
19388560-7	2009	Among the ESBL-producing isolates, the sensitivity was from 3.3% to 61.5% for ampicillin to aztreonam.	Aztreonam	92-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-14
19308743-0	2009	[In vitro activity of fosfomycin against ESBL-producing enterobacteria of urinary origin].	Fosfomycin	22-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
19308743-1	2009	In vitro activity of fosfomycin, compared with other antibiotics used for urinary tract infections (UTI), against extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates obtained from UTIs, was determined.	Fosfomycin	21-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	148-152
19308743-2	2009	The activity of fosfomycin, co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and gentamicin against 71 ESBL-producing E. coli clinical isolates and 13 ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae clinical isolates obtained from UTI was studied by the agar-dilution method or E-test.	Fosfomycin	16-26	EsbL	Escherichia coli	129-133
19308743-2	2009	The activity of fosfomycin, co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and gentamicin against 71 ESBL-producing E. coli clinical isolates and 13 ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae clinical isolates obtained from UTI was studied by the agar-dilution method or E-test.	Gentamicins	107-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	129-133
19308744-0	2009	[Resistant mutant prevention concentration of fluoroquinolones in clinical isolates of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing and non-producing strains of Escherichia coli].	Fluoroquinolones	46-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
19308744-5	2009	Ciprofloxacin susceptible ESBL-producing strains exhibit higher MPC for ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin than non-ESBL producing strains.	Ciprofloxacin	0-13	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
19308744-5	2009	Ciprofloxacin susceptible ESBL-producing strains exhibit higher MPC for ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin than non-ESBL producing strains.	Ciprofloxacin	0-13	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-116
19308744-5	2009	Ciprofloxacin susceptible ESBL-producing strains exhibit higher MPC for ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin than non-ESBL producing strains.	Ciprofloxacin	72-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
19308744-5	2009	Ciprofloxacin susceptible ESBL-producing strains exhibit higher MPC for ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin than non-ESBL producing strains.	Levofloxacin	90-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
19308744-6	2009	Our study helps to explain the frequent fluoroquinolone resistance found in ESBL-producing strains.	Fluoroquinolones	40-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
19308744-7	2009	In this context, doubts emerge about the advisability of using fluoroquinolones to treat infections caused by ESBL-producing strains.	Fluoroquinolones	63-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	110-114
19349512-2	2009	However, the activity of ceftaroline cannot be solely relied upon for eradication of multidrug-resistant gram-negative isolates, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, which represent a current clinical concern.	T 91825	25-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	198-202
19349512-6	2009	Ceftaroline exhibited a MIC range of 0.125 to 1,024 microg/ml and was reduced 2- to 512-fold by combination with tazobactam (4 microg/ml) for ESBL-producing strains.	T 91825	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	142-146
19349512-6	2009	Ceftaroline exhibited a MIC range of 0.125 to 1,024 microg/ml and was reduced 2- to 512-fold by combination with tazobactam (4 microg/ml) for ESBL-producing strains.	Tazobactam	113-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	142-146
18848798-4	2009	A 48-year-old female patient developed ESBL-producing E. coli bacteremia and pyomyositis on the twelfth day of cefpirome therapy for neutropenic fever after chemotherapy due to acute myeloid leukemia.	cefpirome	111-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	39-43
19272004-8	2009	Molecular characterization and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the ESBL-producing isolates suggested that different mechanisms may be involved in the dissemination of the CTX-M genes and revealed that additional resistance determinants for non-beta-lactam antibiotics were carried by plasmids encoding certain ESBL genes.	beta-Lactams	248-259	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
19272004-8	2009	Molecular characterization and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the ESBL-producing isolates suggested that different mechanisms may be involved in the dissemination of the CTX-M genes and revealed that additional resistance determinants for non-beta-lactam antibiotics were carried by plasmids encoding certain ESBL genes.	beta-Lactams	248-259	EsbL	Escherichia coli	314-318
19126669-10	2009	The independent risk factors associated with the isolation of an ESBL-producing strain were: nosocomial origin (OR: 1.68, P = 0.03); urinary catheterization (OR: 1.88, P = 0.001); and previous beta-lactam antibiotic therapy (OR: 2.81, P &lt; 0.001).	beta-Lactams	193-204	EsbL	Escherichia coli	65-69
19015360-2	2009	This study was designed to identify, at the sequence level, the genes responsible for the extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during the global tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.	Tigecycline	244-255	EsbL	Escherichia coli	90-122
19280294-0	2009	Monte Carlo simulation for evaluation of the efficacy of carbapenems and new quinolones against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Carbapenems	57-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
19280294-0	2009	Monte Carlo simulation for evaluation of the efficacy of carbapenems and new quinolones against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.	Quinolones	77-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
19280294-1	2009	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria are known to be resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, and monobactams because of their substrate specificity, and these bacteria are sensitive only to a narrow range of antimicrobial agents.	Penicillins	88-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
19280294-1	2009	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria are known to be resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, and monobactams because of their substrate specificity, and these bacteria are sensitive only to a narrow range of antimicrobial agents.	Penicillins	88-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
19280294-1	2009	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria are known to be resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, and monobactams because of their substrate specificity, and these bacteria are sensitive only to a narrow range of antimicrobial agents.	Cephalosporins	101-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
19280294-2	2009	The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of carbapenems and the new quinolones against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, using a Monte Carlo simulation based on the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) theory.	Carbapenems	61-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-108
19280294-2	2009	The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of carbapenems and the new quinolones against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, using a Monte Carlo simulation based on the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) theory.	Quinolones	85-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-108
19280294-8	2009	Thus, the results of the present study have revealed that carbapenems are effective at the regular dose and can be used as the first-choice antibiotics for ESBL-producing E. coli because the resistance ratios for carbapenems are low compared to those of the new quinolones.	Carbapenems	58-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
19280294-8	2009	Thus, the results of the present study have revealed that carbapenems are effective at the regular dose and can be used as the first-choice antibiotics for ESBL-producing E. coli because the resistance ratios for carbapenems are low compared to those of the new quinolones.	Carbapenems	213-224	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
19255989-5	2008	The results showed excellent in vitro activity of the studied drugs against ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae with percent susceptibility of 100, 100, 100, 89.8, and 92.7 for ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem, fosfomycin, and colistin, respectively.	Ertapenem	170-179	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
19579719-4	2008	The susceptibility of ESBL producers to imipenem, amikacin, nitrofurantion was found to be 100%, 86% and 84% respectively.	Imipenem	40-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
19579719-4	2008	The susceptibility of ESBL producers to imipenem, amikacin, nitrofurantion was found to be 100%, 86% and 84% respectively.	Amikacin	50-58	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
19579719-4	2008	The susceptibility of ESBL producers to imipenem, amikacin, nitrofurantion was found to be 100%, 86% and 84% respectively.	nitrofurantion	60-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
19579719-5	2008	A high degree of co-resistance to co- trimaxazole and norfloxacin was found in strains of ESBL producers.	co- trimaxazole	34-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	90-94
19579719-5	2008	A high degree of co-resistance to co- trimaxazole and norfloxacin was found in strains of ESBL producers.	Norfloxacin	54-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	90-94
18692340-3	2008	Ninety-one percent of laboratories recognized all ESBL producers correctly, and therefore, low error rates were observed when testing cephalosporins and aztreonam.	Cephalosporins	134-148	EsbL	Escherichia coli	50-54
18692340-3	2008	Ninety-one percent of laboratories recognized all ESBL producers correctly, and therefore, low error rates were observed when testing cephalosporins and aztreonam.	Aztreonam	153-162	EsbL	Escherichia coli	50-54
19262076-2	2009	We evaluated the performance of MicroScan NegCombo Type 44 panel (Dade Behring, USA), which was developed to confirm ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae using ceftazidime/clavulanate and cefotaxime/clavulanate.	Ceftazidime	157-168	EsbL	Escherichia coli	117-121
19262076-6	2009	RESULTS: Of the 206 isolates tested, 44 (21.4%) produced ESBL by CLSI-PCT or DAT, including 27 E. coli, 14 K. pneumoniae, 2 K. oxytoca, and 1 P. mirabilis.	clsi-pct	65-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
19936109-6	2009	472 clinical gram-negative isolates identified by standard methods were tested for ESBL-production by (DDD) method using six cephalosporins and amoxicillin-clavulinate discs.	Cephalosporins	125-139	EsbL	Escherichia coli	83-87
19936109-6	2009	472 clinical gram-negative isolates identified by standard methods were tested for ESBL-production by (DDD) method using six cephalosporins and amoxicillin-clavulinate discs.	amoxicillin-clavulinate	144-167	EsbL	Escherichia coli	83-87
19936109-10	2009	The DDD test demonstrated some variations in the efficacy of the different cephalosporins in detecting all the ESBL producers.	Cephalosporins	75-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	111-115
19936109-12	2009	It is concluded that ESBL-producing bacteria were prevalent among our hospitalized patients, and involved genera other than Klebsiella and Escherichia, and the inclusion of ceftizoxime increased the efficacy of ESBL detection by the DDD test.	Ceftizoxime	173-184	EsbL	Escherichia coli	211-215
20701872-11	2009	Carbapenems were the most active drug against the ESBL-producing isolates.	Carbapenems	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	50-54
19013351-4	2008	Tigecycline had excellent in-vitro activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (N = 275) with MIC(90) 0.5 microg/mL and a 99.6% susceptibility rate, and also against ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (N = 324) with MIC(90) 2 microg/mL and a 98.5% susceptibility rate.	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-84
19013351-4	2008	Tigecycline had excellent in-vitro activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (N = 275) with MIC(90) 0.5 microg/mL and a 99.6% susceptibility rate, and also against ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (N = 324) with MIC(90) 2 microg/mL and a 98.5% susceptibility rate.	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
19013351-4	2008	Tigecycline had excellent in-vitro activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (N = 275) with MIC(90) 0.5 microg/mL and a 99.6% susceptibility rate, and also against ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (N = 324) with MIC(90) 2 microg/mL and a 98.5% susceptibility rate.	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	206-210
18676620-5	2008	Tigecycline was active against more than 99% of 1936 Escherichia coli isolates characterized by any of the above resistance patterns (including 1636 ESBL-producing isolates) using the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) breakpoint of susceptibility (MIC &lt; or = 2 mg/L).	Tigecycline	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	149-153
18676620-11	2008	In clinical studies, 69.7% of the 33 reported patients treated with tigecycline achieved resolution of an infection caused by a carbapenem-resistant or ESBL-producing or MDR Enterobacteriaceae.	Tigecycline	68-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	152-156
18676620-12	2008	CONCLUSIONS: Tigecycline is microbiologically active against almost all of the ESBL or MDR E. coli isolates and the great majority of ESBL or MDR Klebsiella spp.	Tigecycline	13-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	79-83
18676620-12	2008	CONCLUSIONS: Tigecycline is microbiologically active against almost all of the ESBL or MDR E. coli isolates and the great majority of ESBL or MDR Klebsiella spp.	Tigecycline	13-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	134-138
19255989-5	2008	The results showed excellent in vitro activity of the studied drugs against ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae with percent susceptibility of 100, 100, 100, 89.8, and 92.7 for ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem, fosfomycin, and colistin, respectively.	Meropenem	191-200	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
19255989-5	2008	The results showed excellent in vitro activity of the studied drugs against ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae with percent susceptibility of 100, 100, 100, 89.8, and 92.7 for ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem, fosfomycin, and colistin, respectively.	Fosfomycin	202-212	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
19255989-8	2008	All studied drugs, except netilmicin, exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli with 100% sensitivity for carbapenem, fosfomycin, colistin and 95.8% for piperacillin/tazobactam.	Netilmicin	26-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	70-74
19255989-8	2008	All studied drugs, except netilmicin, exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli with 100% sensitivity for carbapenem, fosfomycin, colistin and 95.8% for piperacillin/tazobactam.	Carbapenems	128-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	70-74
19255989-8	2008	All studied drugs, except netilmicin, exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli with 100% sensitivity for carbapenem, fosfomycin, colistin and 95.8% for piperacillin/tazobactam.	Fosfomycin	140-150	EsbL	Escherichia coli	70-74
19255989-8	2008	All studied drugs, except netilmicin, exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli with 100% sensitivity for carbapenem, fosfomycin, colistin and 95.8% for piperacillin/tazobactam.	Piperacillin	175-187	EsbL	Escherichia coli	70-74
19255989-8	2008	All studied drugs, except netilmicin, exhibited good activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli with 100% sensitivity for carbapenem, fosfomycin, colistin and 95.8% for piperacillin/tazobactam.	Tazobactam	188-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	70-74
19255989-17	2008	CONCLUSION: Carbapenems, fosfomycin, and colistin exhibited excellent in vitro activity against both ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli.	Carbapenems	12-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	101-105
19255989-17	2008	CONCLUSION: Carbapenems, fosfomycin, and colistin exhibited excellent in vitro activity against both ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli.	Fosfomycin	25-35	EsbL	Escherichia coli	101-105
19255989-18	2008	Piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited good in vitro susceptibility against ESBL- producing E. coli, but not K. pneumoniae.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	0-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
18723959-1	2008	Resistance to broad spectrum beta lactams, mediated by extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESbetaL) and AmpC betaL enzymes is an increasing problem worldwide.	beta-Lactams	29-41	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-87
18792814-5	2008	Meropenem, cefminox and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited the highest activity against ESBL, followed by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Meropenem	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-91
18792814-5	2008	Meropenem, cefminox and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited the highest activity against ESBL, followed by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	cefminox	11-19	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-91
18792814-5	2008	Meropenem, cefminox and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited the highest activity against ESBL, followed by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Piperacillin	24-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-91
18792814-5	2008	Meropenem, cefminox and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited the highest activity against ESBL, followed by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.	Tazobactam	37-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	87-91
18624669-1	2008	In a cohort study of 36 patients with community-onset extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections, we found that predictors of mortality were community-onset infection with ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae pathogens (P = .02) and failure to receive an initial empirical regimen that included either beta-lactam and beta-lactamase-inhibitors or a carbapenem (P = .04).	Carbapenems	413-423	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-86
18953872-10	2008	CONCLUSION: ESBL is extensively prevalent among the E. coli strains isolated from the pediatric clinic that are resistant to most antimicrobial agents except imipenem and amikacin.	Imipenem	158-166	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
18518776-0	2008	In vitro activity of ertapenem and other carbapenems against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in a tertiary care center in Turkey.	Ertapenem	21-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-93
18518776-0	2008	In vitro activity of ertapenem and other carbapenems against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in a tertiary care center in Turkey.	Carbapenems	41-52	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-93
18518776-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vitro effect of ertapenem, imipenem and meropenem in clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Ertapenem	46-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-136
18518776-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vitro effect of ertapenem, imipenem and meropenem in clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Ertapenem	46-55	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
18518776-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vitro effect of ertapenem, imipenem and meropenem in clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Imipenem	57-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-136
18518776-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vitro effect of ertapenem, imipenem and meropenem in clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Imipenem	57-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
18518776-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vitro effect of ertapenem, imipenem and meropenem in clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Meropenem	70-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-136
18518776-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vitro effect of ertapenem, imipenem and meropenem in clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Meropenem	70-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	138-142
18518776-9	2008	Ertapenem showed activity against 100% of K. pneumoniae isolates, against 95.9% of E. coli isolates and against 97.5% of the 82 ESBL-producing microorganisms.	Ertapenem	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	128-132
18518776-11	2008	CONCLUSION: In recent literature, carbapenems were the most active antimicrobial agents against ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, as in our study.	Carbapenems	34-45	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
18518776-12	2008	This is the first study on the in vitro activity of ertapenem against ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae conducted in Turkey.	Ertapenem	52-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	70-74
18953872-10	2008	CONCLUSION: ESBL is extensively prevalent among the E. coli strains isolated from the pediatric clinic that are resistant to most antimicrobial agents except imipenem and amikacin.	Amikacin	171-179	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
18299311-1	2008	OBJECTIVES: To characterize the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr and aac(6")-Ib-cr in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Quinolones	63-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	156-160
18359054-1	2008	A variety of gram-negative bacteria, particularly Enterobacteriaceae, produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) resulting in resistance to several beta-lactam agents.	beta-Lactams	96-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-116
18227190-3	2008	Three different beta-lactam resistance phenotypes suggested the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), a class C beta-lactamase, or the combination of an ESBL with a class C beta-lactamase.	beta-Lactams	16-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	113-117
18423165-10	2008	The 68.6% of ESBL-producing E.coli were resistant to cotrimoxazole, 72.2% to ciprofloxacin vs 10.6% to nitrofurantoin and 1.9% to phosphomycin.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	53-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
18423165-10	2008	The 68.6% of ESBL-producing E.coli were resistant to cotrimoxazole, 72.2% to ciprofloxacin vs 10.6% to nitrofurantoin and 1.9% to phosphomycin.	Ciprofloxacin	77-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
18423165-10	2008	The 68.6% of ESBL-producing E.coli were resistant to cotrimoxazole, 72.2% to ciprofloxacin vs 10.6% to nitrofurantoin and 1.9% to phosphomycin.	Nitrofurantoin	103-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
18423165-10	2008	The 68.6% of ESBL-producing E.coli were resistant to cotrimoxazole, 72.2% to ciprofloxacin vs 10.6% to nitrofurantoin and 1.9% to phosphomycin.	Fosfomycin	130-142	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
18227190-3	2008	Three different beta-lactam resistance phenotypes suggested the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), a class C beta-lactamase, or the combination of an ESBL with a class C beta-lactamase.	beta-Lactams	16-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	171-175
18238885-1	2008	BACKGROUND: This study assessed the pharmacodynamic activity of ertapenem against multidrug-resistant (MDR) genotypically characterized extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli using an in vitro model.	Ertapenem	64-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	136-168
18445956-2	2008	The presence of ESBL was tested by NCCLS phenotypic confirmatory test using cephalosporin/clavulanate combination discs and E-test ESBL strips.	cephalosporin/clavulanate	76-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
18060745-5	2008	Imipenem, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were found to be highly active against ESBL-positive isolates in vitro (100%, 91.1% and 85.2% susceptibility, respectively).	Imipenem	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
18230703-4	2008	OBJECTIVE: To examine the clinical and microbiologic outcomes associated with ertapenem therapy of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis infections.	Ertapenem	78-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
18230703-5	2008	METHODS: This was a retrospective case series that examined the clinical and microbiologic outcomes of 22 patients who received ertapenem for treatment of an ESBL infection at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, IL, during 2003-2005.	Ertapenem	128-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	158-162
18230703-13	2008	CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate potential microbiologic and clinical efficacy of ertapenem for treatment of ESBL-producing infections and the need for a prospective, randomized study examining its efficacy versus that of other carbapenems.	Ertapenem	88-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
18060745-5	2008	Imipenem, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were found to be highly active against ESBL-positive isolates in vitro (100%, 91.1% and 85.2% susceptibility, respectively).	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	23-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
18060745-5	2008	Imipenem, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were found to be highly active against ESBL-positive isolates in vitro (100%, 91.1% and 85.2% susceptibility, respectively).	Amikacin	10-18	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
18154548-2	2008	The activity and potential use of two old antimicrobials, nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin, and the new compound tigecycline for treatment of infections due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, with special emphasis on E. coli, are reviewed.	Tigecycline	110-121	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
18226420-6	2008	All 12 patients with ESBL-producing E. coli urinary tract infections treated initially with an oxyimino-beta-lactam survived.	oxyimino-beta-lactam	95-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
18225969-3	2008	Although carbapenems are considered the antibiotic class of choice to treat ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, the ability of these organisms to produce carbapenemases has now become apparent in some regions throughout the United States.	Carbapenems	9-20	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
18154546-1	2008	Clavulanate is a highly effective inhibitor of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in detection tests, but the commercial amoxycillin-clavulanate and ticarcillin-clavulanate combinations have borderline activity, at best, against most ESBL producers.	Clavulanic Acid	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
18154546-2	2008	Oxyimino-cephalosporin-clavulanate combinations are active in vitro against most ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.	oxyimino-cephalosporin-clavulanate	0-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-85
18154546-3	2008	isolates at &lt; or =1-2 mg/L but are compromised against Enterobacter spp., whether ESBL-producing or not, where clavulanate-induced AmpC enzymes attack the cephalosporin.	Clavulanic Acid	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	85-89
18154546-6	2008	AmpC-inducible organisms, such as Enterobacter, are less of a concern in the community, where ESBL-producing E. coli strains present growing problems, and where new oral treatments would be useful.	ampc	0-4	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
18154548-3	2008	Fosfomycin continues to be active against the most common uropathogens; in a recent survey from Spain, among the 428 ESBL-producing isolates, the resistance rate of E. coli to fosfomycin was 0.3%, whereas the resistance rate of K. pneumoniae was 7.2%.	Fosfomycin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	117-121
18154548-3	2008	Fosfomycin continues to be active against the most common uropathogens; in a recent survey from Spain, among the 428 ESBL-producing isolates, the resistance rate of E. coli to fosfomycin was 0.3%, whereas the resistance rate of K. pneumoniae was 7.2%.	Fosfomycin	176-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	117-121
18154548-4	2008	Other recent surveys, from other parts of the world, confirm the activity of fosfomycin against ESBL-producing E. coli.	Fosfomycin	77-87	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
18154548-6	2008	However, among 115 clinical isolates of E. coli ESBL producers, only 71.3% were sensitive to nitrofurantoin.	Nitrofurantoin	93-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-52
18154548-12	2008	Finally, for treatment of systemic infections in the hospital setting, tigecycline could be an option that would reduce selection for ESBL-producing organisms.	Tigecycline	71-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	134-138
18059098-9	2008	Over 90% of ESBL isolates showed resistance to aztreonam and cephalosporins.	Aztreonam	47-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
18059098-9	2008	Over 90% of ESBL isolates showed resistance to aztreonam and cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	61-75	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
18059098-11	2008	One ESBL isolate showed intermediate resistance to imipenem and meropenem (both MIC 8 microg/ml), cefotetan (MIC 32 microg/ml) and piperacillin/tazobactam (MIC 32 microg/ml).	Imipenem	51-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
18059098-11	2008	One ESBL isolate showed intermediate resistance to imipenem and meropenem (both MIC 8 microg/ml), cefotetan (MIC 32 microg/ml) and piperacillin/tazobactam (MIC 32 microg/ml).	Meropenem	64-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
18059098-11	2008	One ESBL isolate showed intermediate resistance to imipenem and meropenem (both MIC 8 microg/ml), cefotetan (MIC 32 microg/ml) and piperacillin/tazobactam (MIC 32 microg/ml).	Cefotetan	98-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
18059098-11	2008	One ESBL isolate showed intermediate resistance to imipenem and meropenem (both MIC 8 microg/ml), cefotetan (MIC 32 microg/ml) and piperacillin/tazobactam (MIC 32 microg/ml).	Piperacillin	131-143	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
18059098-11	2008	One ESBL isolate showed intermediate resistance to imipenem and meropenem (both MIC 8 microg/ml), cefotetan (MIC 32 microg/ml) and piperacillin/tazobactam (MIC 32 microg/ml).	Tazobactam	144-154	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
18059098-12	2008	MIC for the carbapenems was lower in non-ESBL isolates (0.034 microg/ml) than ESBL isolates (0.071 microg/ml).	Carbapenems	12-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-45
18059098-12	2008	MIC for the carbapenems was lower in non-ESBL isolates (0.034 microg/ml) than ESBL isolates (0.071 microg/ml).	Carbapenems	12-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	78-82
18059098-13	2008	Resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was higher in ESBL than non-ESBL isolates (p &lt; 0.05).	Gentamicins	14-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
18059098-13	2008	Resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was higher in ESBL than non-ESBL isolates (p &lt; 0.05).	Gentamicins	14-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
18059098-13	2008	Resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was higher in ESBL than non-ESBL isolates (p &lt; 0.05).	Ciprofloxacin	26-39	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
18059098-13	2008	Resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was higher in ESBL than non-ESBL isolates (p &lt; 0.05).	Piperacillin	44-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
18059098-13	2008	Resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was higher in ESBL than non-ESBL isolates (p &lt; 0.05).	Piperacillin	44-56	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
18059098-13	2008	Resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was higher in ESBL than non-ESBL isolates (p &lt; 0.05).	Tazobactam	57-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
18059098-13	2008	Resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was higher in ESBL than non-ESBL isolates (p &lt; 0.05).	Tazobactam	57-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
18059098-15	2008	Amikacin and carbapenems remain the most effective drugs, but the presence of carbapenem-resistant ESBL-producing E. coli and occurrence of multidrug resistance are of concern.	Amikacin	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
18167265-8	2007	The susceptibility rate of fluoroquinolones was 34.8% - 36.1% against non-ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and was 13.4% - 17.1% against ESBL-producing isolates.	Fluoroquinolones	27-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	74-78
18051801-7	2007	ESBL-producing E. coli were sensitive to the following antibiotics: carbapenem; cephamycin; aminoglycoside; and synthesized penicillin.	Carbapenems	68-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
18051801-7	2007	ESBL-producing E. coli were sensitive to the following antibiotics: carbapenem; cephamycin; aminoglycoside; and synthesized penicillin.	Cephamycins	80-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
18051801-7	2007	ESBL-producing E. coli were sensitive to the following antibiotics: carbapenem; cephamycin; aminoglycoside; and synthesized penicillin.	Aminoglycosides	92-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
18051801-7	2007	ESBL-producing E. coli were sensitive to the following antibiotics: carbapenem; cephamycin; aminoglycoside; and synthesized penicillin.	Penicillins	124-134	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
18167265-8	2007	The susceptibility rate of fluoroquinolones was 34.8% - 36.1% against non-ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and was 13.4% - 17.1% against ESBL-producing isolates.	Fluoroquinolones	27-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	136-140
17581932-5	2007	Production of ESBL was determined by decreased susceptibility to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and a positive double-disk test result.	Cephalosporins	83-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	14-18
18173077-8	2007	It is important to use cefotaxime-cefotaxime/clavulanic acid as well as ceftazidime-ceftazidime/clavulanic acid ratio for detection of ESBL types that preferentially hydrolyze cefotaxime.	Cefotaxime	23-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
18173077-8	2007	It is important to use cefotaxime-cefotaxime/clavulanic acid as well as ceftazidime-ceftazidime/clavulanic acid ratio for detection of ESBL types that preferentially hydrolyze cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	72-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
18173077-8	2007	It is important to use cefotaxime-cefotaxime/clavulanic acid as well as ceftazidime-ceftazidime/clavulanic acid ratio for detection of ESBL types that preferentially hydrolyze cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	84-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
18173077-8	2007	It is important to use cefotaxime-cefotaxime/clavulanic acid as well as ceftazidime-ceftazidime/clavulanic acid ratio for detection of ESBL types that preferentially hydrolyze cefotaxime.	Clavulanic Acid	96-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
17574678-6	2007	All ESBL producers were resistant to cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	37-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
18080031-0	2007	Activity of ertapenem and other antimicrobials against ESBL-producing enterobacteria isolated from urine in patients from Madrid.	Ertapenem	12-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	55-59
18080031-1	2007	The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of ertapenem and other antimicrobials against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacteria isolated from patients" urine samples at 4 community healthcare centers in the Madrid (Spain) area and to determine the prevalence of ESBL-producing enterobacteria in community-acquired urinary tract infections.	Ertapenem	60-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	137-141
18080031-1	2007	The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of ertapenem and other antimicrobials against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacteria isolated from patients" urine samples at 4 community healthcare centers in the Madrid (Spain) area and to determine the prevalence of ESBL-producing enterobacteria in community-acquired urinary tract infections.	Ertapenem	60-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	302-306
17953083-5	2007	Multivariable analysis showed the following to be statistically associated with ESBL colonization at admission: piperacillin-tazobactam (odds ratio [OR] 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36-3.10), vancomycin (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.34-3.31), age &gt; 60 years (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.24-2.60), and chronic disease score (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.04-1.27).	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	112-135	EsbL	Escherichia coli	80-84
17953083-5	2007	Multivariable analysis showed the following to be statistically associated with ESBL colonization at admission: piperacillin-tazobactam (odds ratio [OR] 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36-3.10), vancomycin (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.34-3.31), age &gt; 60 years (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.24-2.60), and chronic disease score (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.04-1.27).	Vancomycin	200-210	EsbL	Escherichia coli	80-84
17581932-9	2007	ESBL-producing E. cloacae showed resistance to quinolones and aminoglycosides.	Quinolones	47-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
17581932-9	2007	ESBL-producing E. cloacae showed resistance to quinolones and aminoglycosides.	Aminoglycosides	62-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
17933257-8	2007	The resistance rates of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella strains were as 76% and 5.6% for ciprofloxacin, 68% and 55.6% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 64% and 77.8% for gentamicin, 28% and 50% for piperacillin/tazobactam, 0% and 5.6% for cefoxitin, respectively.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	128-157	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
17933257-8	2007	The resistance rates of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella strains were as 76% and 5.6% for ciprofloxacin, 68% and 55.6% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 64% and 77.8% for gentamicin, 28% and 50% for piperacillin/tazobactam, 0% and 5.6% for cefoxitin, respectively.	Gentamicins	177-187	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
17933257-8	2007	The resistance rates of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella strains were as 76% and 5.6% for ciprofloxacin, 68% and 55.6% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 64% and 77.8% for gentamicin, 28% and 50% for piperacillin/tazobactam, 0% and 5.6% for cefoxitin, respectively.	Ciprofloxacin	95-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
17933257-8	2007	The resistance rates of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella strains were as 76% and 5.6% for ciprofloxacin, 68% and 55.6% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 64% and 77.8% for gentamicin, 28% and 50% for piperacillin/tazobactam, 0% and 5.6% for cefoxitin, respectively.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	205-228	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
17933257-8	2007	The resistance rates of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella strains were as 76% and 5.6% for ciprofloxacin, 68% and 55.6% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 64% and 77.8% for gentamicin, 28% and 50% for piperacillin/tazobactam, 0% and 5.6% for cefoxitin, respectively.	Cefoxitin	246-255	EsbL	Escherichia coli	24-28
17553151-4	2007	Ertapenem susceptibility of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae clinical isolates were evaluated and compared to imipenem to determine if imipenem susceptibility could be used as a surrogate for ertapenem susceptibility.	Ertapenem	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
17553151-7	2007	RESULTS: 100% of ESBL isolates tested were susceptible to ertapenem.	Ertapenem	58-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	17-21
17553151-9	2007	CONCLUSION: These results, based on 100% susceptibility, suggest that ertapenem may be an alternative to other carbapenems for the treatment of infections caused by ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae.	Ertapenem	70-79	EsbL	Escherichia coli	165-169
17520535-13	2007	Specifically, use of third-generation cephalosporins was a risk factor for infection with ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella species when antibiotic use was described as a continuous variable but not when antibiotic use was described as a categorical variable.	Cephalosporins	38-52	EsbL	Escherichia coli	90-94
18923714-6	2007	RESULTS: Of 34 ESBL-producing organisms, 27 (79.4%) were found to be ciprofloxacin (CIP) resistant, 27 (79.4%) were SXT resistant, eight (23.5%) were GM resistant and 29 (85.3%) were DOX resistant.	Ciprofloxacin	69-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	15-19
17283197-0	2007	Bactericidal activities of meropenem and ertapenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neutropenic mouse thigh model.	Meropenem	27-36	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-91
17283197-0	2007	Bactericidal activities of meropenem and ertapenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neutropenic mouse thigh model.	Ertapenem	41-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-91
17283197-1	2007	The purpose of this study was to examine the in vivo efficacies of meropenem and ertapenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates with a wide range of MICs.	Ertapenem	81-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-131
18923714-0	2007	ESBL genotypes in fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-susceptible ESBL-producing Escherichia coli urinary isolates in Manitoba.	Fluoroquinolones	18-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
18923714-0	2007	ESBL genotypes in fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-susceptible ESBL-producing Escherichia coli urinary isolates in Manitoba.	Fluoroquinolones	48-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
18923714-0	2007	ESBL genotypes in fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-susceptible ESBL-producing Escherichia coli urinary isolates in Manitoba.	Fluoroquinolones	48-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
17654359-0	2007	Successful treatment of ctx-m ESBL producing Escherichia coli relapsing pyelonephritis with long term pivmecillinam.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	102-115	EsbL	Escherichia coli	30-34
18923714-2	2007	Furthermore, fluoroquinolone (FQ) and even multidrug resistance (MDR) appear to be associated with certain ESBL genotypes.	Fluoroquinolones	13-28	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
18923714-2	2007	Furthermore, fluoroquinolone (FQ) and even multidrug resistance (MDR) appear to be associated with certain ESBL genotypes.	Fluoroquinolones	30-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
17347564-0	2007	Susceptibilities of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae to ertapenem, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam with and without clavulanic acid.	Ertapenem	57-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
17347564-0	2007	Susceptibilities of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae to ertapenem, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam with and without clavulanic acid.	Meropenem	68-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
17347564-0	2007	Susceptibilities of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae to ertapenem, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam with and without clavulanic acid.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	82-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
17347564-0	2007	Susceptibilities of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae to ertapenem, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam with and without clavulanic acid.	Clavulanic Acid	123-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-24
17347564-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Faced with the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) pandemic, we compared the susceptibilities of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae to ertapenem, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam with and without clavulanate.	Ertapenem	150-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	113-117
17347564-7	2007	CONCLUSIONS: ESBL-producing organisms were more susceptible to meropenem than to ertapenem, although the MICs to ertapenem were well within clinically achievable levels.	Meropenem	63-72	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
17347564-7	2007	CONCLUSIONS: ESBL-producing organisms were more susceptible to meropenem than to ertapenem, although the MICs to ertapenem were well within clinically achievable levels.	Ertapenem	81-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
17347564-7	2007	CONCLUSIONS: ESBL-producing organisms were more susceptible to meropenem than to ertapenem, although the MICs to ertapenem were well within clinically achievable levels.	Ertapenem	113-122	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
17347564-11	2007	Thus, in our hospital, ertapenem could be a good meropenem-sparing agent for infections due to ESBL-producing organisms.	Ertapenem	23-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	95-99
17258084-6	2007	Only carbapenems retain predicted activity against ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp.	Carbapenems	5-16	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-55
17654359-2	2007	We describe a woman with relapsing pyelonephritis due to a CTX-M ESBL E. coli who was cured with a prolonged course of pivmecillinam.	Amdinocillin Pivoxil	119-132	EsbL	Escherichia coli	65-69
16824238-4	2006	RESULTS: Midazolam reduced the viable cells of S. aureus at 30, 60, 120 and 240 min, and also completely inhibited the growth of E. coli, P. aeroginosa, A. baumannii and E. coli ESBL.	Midazolam	9-18	EsbL	Escherichia coli	178-182
17194386-3	2006	METHODS: The in vitro activity of fosfomycin (FOS) was determined against 428 ESBL-producing strains, including 290 (68%) E. coli and 138 (32%) K. pneumoniae.	Fosfomycin	34-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	78-82
17194386-12	2006	CONCLUSION: Fosfomycin showed maintained activity against ESBL-producing strains and did not present co-resistance with other antimicrobial groups.	Fosfomycin	12-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
16824238-6	2006	CONCLUSION: In vitro, midazolam had an antimicrobial effect on E. coli, P. aeroginosa, A. baumannii and E. coli ESBL.	Midazolam	22-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-116
17164953-1	2006	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carbapenems are considered the drugs of choice for the treatment of serious infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella and Escherichia coli.	Carbapenems	24-35	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-153
17164953-1	2006	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carbapenems are considered the drugs of choice for the treatment of serious infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella and Escherichia coli.	Carbapenems	24-35	EsbL	Escherichia coli	155-159
17164953-11	2006	CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that ciprofloxacin, when indicated based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing, may serve as an alternative choice for infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae other than E. coli or Klebsiella spp.	Ciprofloxacin	38-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	175-179
17233571-7	2006	Overall, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producers had a more antibiotic-resistant profile than non-ESBL-producers but usually were susceptible to the carbapenems and amikacin.	Carbapenems	159-170	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-41
17169640-5	2006	ESBL-producing E. coli showed a significant reduction in the susceptibility to most antimicrobials, although carbapenems and fosfomycin retained significant activity.	Carbapenems	109-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
17169640-5	2006	ESBL-producing E. coli showed a significant reduction in the susceptibility to most antimicrobials, although carbapenems and fosfomycin retained significant activity.	Fosfomycin	125-135	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
17186689-6	2006	Compared to the standard CLSI method, the accelerated method reduced the ESBL detection time from two days to one day.	clsi	25-29	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
17233571-7	2006	Overall, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producers had a more antibiotic-resistant profile than non-ESBL-producers but usually were susceptible to the carbapenems and amikacin.	Amikacin	175-183	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-41
17008066-0	2006	Comparative in vitro activity of ertapenem against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in Spain.	Ertapenem	33-42	EsbL	Escherichia coli	51-83
17084784-1	2006	An investigation to determine the efficacy of cefepime in treating infections caused by extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli was performed.	Cefepime	46-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	122-126
17084784-5	2006	Cefepime is a potential alternative, in many cases, to the carbapenems for the treatment of infections caused by ESBL-producing bacteria.	Cefepime	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	113-117
17008066-1	2006	The in vitro activity of ertapenem was tested against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in Spain.	Ertapenem	25-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-86
16544267-3	2006	A critical examination of the literature provides divergent views of the effect of ESBL carriage on morbidity and mortality and suggests that ESBL production may have its most marked effect on ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	193-204	EsbL	Escherichia coli	142-146
16950822-2	2006	BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae will probably trigger a rise in the use of carbapenems.	Carbapenems	153-164	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
16950822-9	2006	Prior isolation of an ESBL-producing organism, an ultimately/finally fatal co-morbidity, renal transplantation, and previous use of cephalosporins and carbapenems were also significant in the analysis restricted to episodes due to E. coli or Klebsiella spp.	Cephalosporins	132-146	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
16950822-10	2006	CONCLUSIONS: In patients with healthcare-associated bacteraemia, prior use of carbapenems may be only second to cephalosporins as the most significant antibiotic exposure associated with the involvement of ESBL-producing organisms.	Carbapenems	78-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	206-210
16950822-10	2006	CONCLUSIONS: In patients with healthcare-associated bacteraemia, prior use of carbapenems may be only second to cephalosporins as the most significant antibiotic exposure associated with the involvement of ESBL-producing organisms.	Cephalosporins	112-126	EsbL	Escherichia coli	206-210
16678993-4	2006	High rates of very major errors (up to 56%) were observed for ESBL producers when testing cephalosporins and aztreonam, especially in the case of CTX-M-1-producing Escherichia coli and TEM-52-producing Proteus mirabilis.	Cephalosporins	90-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	62-66
16678993-4	2006	High rates of very major errors (up to 56%) were observed for ESBL producers when testing cephalosporins and aztreonam, especially in the case of CTX-M-1-producing Escherichia coli and TEM-52-producing Proteus mirabilis.	Aztreonam	109-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	62-66
16926972-9	2006	Empirical therapy with piperacillin-tazobactam to replace third-generation cephalosporins may help to reduce the occurrence of ESBLs in an institution with a high prevalence of ESBL producers.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	23-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	127-131
16926972-9	2006	Empirical therapy with piperacillin-tazobactam to replace third-generation cephalosporins may help to reduce the occurrence of ESBLs in an institution with a high prevalence of ESBL producers.	Cephalosporins	75-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	127-131
16926972-10	2006	Carbapenems remain the drugs of choice for serious infections caused by ESBL-producing organisms.	Carbapenems	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
16544267-6	2006	The probability of attaining time above the minimum inhibitory concentration targets of at least 70% of the dosing interval, an important pharmacodynamic indicator of clinical success, is higher with cefepime than with other antimicrobials against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains exhibiting ESBL phenotypes.	Cefepime	200-208	EsbL	Escherichia coli	310-314
16544267-8	2006	When used appropriately in institutional settings, cefepime reduces the overall use of cephalosporins, thereby decreasing selection pressure for presumptive ESBL-producing pathogens.	Cefepime	51-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
16544267-8	2006	When used appropriately in institutional settings, cefepime reduces the overall use of cephalosporins, thereby decreasing selection pressure for presumptive ESBL-producing pathogens.	Cephalosporins	87-101	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
16930951-0	2006	Pharmacodynamic profiling of imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem against clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.	Imipenem	29-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-124
16930951-0	2006	Pharmacodynamic profiling of imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem against clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.	Ertapenem	53-62	EsbL	Escherichia coli	92-124
16930951-2	2006	The pharmacodynamic potency of imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates was investigated.	Ertapenem	55-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-105
16930951-2	2006	The pharmacodynamic potency of imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates was investigated.	Ertapenem	55-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	107-111
16930951-10	2006	Ertapenem is probably an effective agent against ESBL-producing bacteria, although its ability to achieve bactericidal pharmacodynamic exposures will depend on the bacterial susceptibility.	Ertapenem	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	49-53
16672390-13	2006	With the exception of 3/163 P. mirabilis isolates and 1/44 Providencia stuartii isolate (all of which were intermediate for imipenem), carbapenems were active against all ESBL-positive enterobacteria.	Carbapenems	135-146	EsbL	Escherichia coli	171-175
16544267-4	2006	Effective strategies for the empirical and directed treatment of infections caused by ESBL-producing pathogens include the use of carbapenems and, possibly, the fourth-generation cephalosporin cefepime.	Carbapenems	130-141	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
16544267-4	2006	Effective strategies for the empirical and directed treatment of infections caused by ESBL-producing pathogens include the use of carbapenems and, possibly, the fourth-generation cephalosporin cefepime.	Cephalosporins	179-192	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
16544267-4	2006	Effective strategies for the empirical and directed treatment of infections caused by ESBL-producing pathogens include the use of carbapenems and, possibly, the fourth-generation cephalosporin cefepime.	Cefepime	193-201	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
16501056-4	2006	We have analysed the in vitro activity of temocillin against clinical isolates of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli over the past 4 years in a university hospital in Brussels, Belgium.	temocillin	42-52	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
16501056-10	2006	Co-resistance to ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole in ESBL-producing E. coli was frequent (39%).	Ciprofloxacin	17-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	53-57
16501056-10	2006	Co-resistance to ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole in ESBL-producing E. coli was frequent (39%).	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	35-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	53-57
16504999-0	2006	First description of an oxyimino-cephalosporin-resistant, ESBL-carrying Escherichia coli isolated from meat sold in Denmark.	oxyimino-cephalosporin	24-46	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
16501056-15	2006	CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate good in vitro activity of temocillin against multiresistant ESBL-producing E. coli.	temocillin	59-69	EsbL	Escherichia coli	93-97
16501056-16	2006	Prospective clinical studies are necessary to examine temocillin"s potential role in the treatment of non-complicated infections caused by ESBL-producing E. coli.	temocillin	54-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	139-143
16423491-6	2006	Among ESBL cases, carbapenem monotherapy and combination therapy were often selected for treatment (32.6% and 13.3%, respectively).	Carbapenems	18-28	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
16423491-7	2006	Among non-ESBL cases, fluoroquinolones and beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination agents accounted for the highest proportion of treatment regimens (25.0% and 22.5%, respectively), whereas cephalosporin monotherapy and combination therapy were each used as treatment for 10% of cases.	Fluoroquinolones	22-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-14
16406187-0	2006	In vitro activity of beta-lactam and non-beta-lactam antibiotics in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli.	beta-Lactams	21-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-100
16406187-0	2006	In vitro activity of beta-lactam and non-beta-lactam antibiotics in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli.	beta-Lactams	41-52	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-100
16174685-10	2005	Detection of strains of E. coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes was two times more common in the patients who received ciprofloxacin than those who did not (15% versus 7.4%).	Ciprofloxacin	145-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-74
16440125-6	2006	In contrast, only 30.0% of ESBL-EC and 36.6% of ESBL-KP were susceptible to ciprofloxacin.	Ciprofloxacin	76-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
16440125-6	2006	In contrast, only 30.0% of ESBL-EC and 36.6% of ESBL-KP were susceptible to ciprofloxacin.	Ciprofloxacin	76-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-52
16440125-7	2006	Flomoxef and cefmetazole were the most active cephamycins (88.8% and 90.0% ESBL-EC and 93.1% and 87.1% ESBL-KP susceptible, respectively), followed by ceftibuten (85.0% and 80.2%) and cefoxitin (42.5% and 49.5%).	flomoxef	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
16440125-7	2006	Flomoxef and cefmetazole were the most active cephamycins (88.8% and 90.0% ESBL-EC and 93.1% and 87.1% ESBL-KP susceptible, respectively), followed by ceftibuten (85.0% and 80.2%) and cefoxitin (42.5% and 49.5%).	flomoxef	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-107
16440125-7	2006	Flomoxef and cefmetazole were the most active cephamycins (88.8% and 90.0% ESBL-EC and 93.1% and 87.1% ESBL-KP susceptible, respectively), followed by ceftibuten (85.0% and 80.2%) and cefoxitin (42.5% and 49.5%).	Cefmetazole	13-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
16440125-7	2006	Flomoxef and cefmetazole were the most active cephamycins (88.8% and 90.0% ESBL-EC and 93.1% and 87.1% ESBL-KP susceptible, respectively), followed by ceftibuten (85.0% and 80.2%) and cefoxitin (42.5% and 49.5%).	Cefmetazole	13-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-107
16440125-7	2006	Flomoxef and cefmetazole were the most active cephamycins (88.8% and 90.0% ESBL-EC and 93.1% and 87.1% ESBL-KP susceptible, respectively), followed by ceftibuten (85.0% and 80.2%) and cefoxitin (42.5% and 49.5%).	Cephamycins	46-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
16440125-7	2006	Flomoxef and cefmetazole were the most active cephamycins (88.8% and 90.0% ESBL-EC and 93.1% and 87.1% ESBL-KP susceptible, respectively), followed by ceftibuten (85.0% and 80.2%) and cefoxitin (42.5% and 49.5%).	Cephamycins	46-57	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-107
16440125-8	2006	A cefepime MIC &lt; or = 8 mg/L was found in 77.5% of ESBL-EC and 73.3% of ESBL-KP isolates.	Cefepime	2-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
16440125-8	2006	A cefepime MIC &lt; or = 8 mg/L was found in 77.5% of ESBL-EC and 73.3% of ESBL-KP isolates.	Cefepime	2-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
16440125-9	2006	The susceptible rates to amikacin and isepamicin were both 81.3% for ESBL-EC; 72.3% and 73.3% for ESBL-KP.	Amikacin	25-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
16440125-9	2006	The susceptible rates to amikacin and isepamicin were both 81.3% for ESBL-EC; 72.3% and 73.3% for ESBL-KP.	Amikacin	25-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-102
16440125-9	2006	The susceptible rates to amikacin and isepamicin were both 81.3% for ESBL-EC; 72.3% and 73.3% for ESBL-KP.	isepamicin	38-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
16440125-9	2006	The susceptible rates to amikacin and isepamicin were both 81.3% for ESBL-EC; 72.3% and 73.3% for ESBL-KP.	isepamicin	38-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	98-102
16377714-0	2006	In vitro activity of fosfomycin against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: comparison of susceptibility testing procedures.	Fosfomycin	21-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-72
16377714-1	2006	The agar dilution, broth microdilution, and disk diffusion methods were compared to determine the in vitro susceptibility of 428 extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to fosfomycin.	Fosfomycin	225-235	EsbL	Escherichia coli	129-161
16377714-2	2006	Fosfomycin showed very high activity against all ESBL-producing strains.	Fosfomycin	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	49-53
16613133-1	2006	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms are resistant to the third-generation cephalosporins commonly used as empirical therapy for a wide range of serious infections.	Cephalosporins	98-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
16613133-1	2006	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms are resistant to the third-generation cephalosporins commonly used as empirical therapy for a wide range of serious infections.	Cephalosporins	98-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
16613133-5	2006	From December 2003 to April 2005, a total of 58 potential ESBL-producing isolates (resistant to cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime) by BSAC disc susceptibility were tested by the combination discs and Vitek 2.	Cefotaxime	96-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
16613133-5	2006	From December 2003 to April 2005, a total of 58 potential ESBL-producing isolates (resistant to cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime) by BSAC disc susceptibility were tested by the combination discs and Vitek 2.	Ceftazidime	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
16613133-11	2006	Further studies to compare Vitek 2 with cefotaxime and ceftazidime combination discs may reveal disc methodology for ESBL detection to be a more reliable alternative than using cefpodoxime combination discs alone.	Cefotaxime	40-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	117-121
16613133-11	2006	Further studies to compare Vitek 2 with cefotaxime and ceftazidime combination discs may reveal disc methodology for ESBL detection to be a more reliable alternative than using cefpodoxime combination discs alone.	Ceftazidime	55-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	117-121
16360549-1	2005	This article presents prevalence and susceptibility data from the Meropenem Yearly Susceptibility Test Information Collection (MYSTIC) Program in Europe (1997-2004) and the United States (1999-2004) for Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and/or AmpC beta-lactamases.	Meropenem	66-75	EsbL	Escherichia coli	232-264
16360549-8	2005	Compared with other antimicrobial agents, meropenem and imipenem had greatest activity against ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp.	Imipenem	56-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	95-99
16360549-13	2005	The continued efficacy of carbapenems such as meropenem confirms that these remain first-line agents for treatment of nosocomial infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae-producing ESBL or AmpC beta-lactamases.	Carbapenems	26-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	179-183
16105565-17	2005	The most alarming problems detected were vancomycin resistance among enterococci, ESBL-mediated beta-lactam resistance and fluoroquinolone resistance among Enterobacteriaceae, and carbapenem resistance among P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp.	beta-Lactams	96-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
16544543-4	2005	Ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/cefotaxime-clavulanic acid rates were found as &gt;8 and the results were accepted as positive for an ESBL.	Ceftazidime	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
16544543-4	2005	Ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/cefotaxime-clavulanic acid rates were found as &gt;8 and the results were accepted as positive for an ESBL.	Cefotaxime	44-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
16544543-4	2005	Ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/cefotaxime-clavulanic acid rates were found as &gt;8 and the results were accepted as positive for an ESBL.	cefotaxime-clavulanic acid	55-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
16544543-5	2005	The MIC of cefotaxime (256 microg/ml) was found four fold higher than that of ceftazidime (64 microg/ml) and the production of a CTX-M- type ESBL was investigated in the strain.	Cefotaxime	11-21	EsbL	Escherichia coli	141-145
16061138-4	2005	RESULTS: The most notable risk factor for acquiring infections with ESBL-producing organisms was antibiotic consumption within 30 days of the infection (OR, 7.06; 95% CI: 3.27-15.24), with third-generation cephalosporins being associated with the highest risk (OR, 28.4; 95% CI: 3.7-215.8).	Cephalosporins	206-220	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
16230218-0	2005	Clinical implications of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella species and Escherichia coli on cefepime effectiveness.	Cefepime	118-126	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
16230218-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: To determine the affect of ESBL production among Klebsiella species and Escherichia coli on cefepime effectiveness.	Cefepime	103-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
16230218-2	2005	METHODS: This was a retrospective, case-controlled study comparing the clinical and microbiologic responses of patients receiving cefepime for ESBL producing Klebsiella species or E. coli from a non-urine source with matched controls receiving cefepime for non-ESBL strains.	Cefepime	130-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	143-147
16230218-2	2005	METHODS: This was a retrospective, case-controlled study comparing the clinical and microbiologic responses of patients receiving cefepime for ESBL producing Klebsiella species or E. coli from a non-urine source with matched controls receiving cefepime for non-ESBL strains.	Cefepime	130-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	261-265
16230218-9	2005	CONCLUSION: These data indicate that ESBL production among non-urinary Klebsiella species and E. coli negatively affected cefepime effectiveness.	Cefepime	122-130	EsbL	Escherichia coli	37-41
15828443-0	2005	In vitro synergy and selection of resistance by fluoroquinolones plus amikacin or beta-lactams against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli.	Fluoroquinolones	48-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-135
15949189-0	2005	Prevalence of the genes encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, in Escherichia coli resistant to beta-lactam and non-beta-lactam antibiotics.	beta-Lactams	101-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	33-66
15949189-2	2005	Of the 250 E. coli isolates investigated, all of which came from patients in a major hospital in southern Lebanon, 61 (13.3%) were found to have ESBL, their production of beta-lactamase being confirmed by the ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic-acid disc methods.	Ceftazidime	225-236	EsbL	Escherichia coli	145-149
15949189-2	2005	Of the 250 E. coli isolates investigated, all of which came from patients in a major hospital in southern Lebanon, 61 (13.3%) were found to have ESBL, their production of beta-lactamase being confirmed by the ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic-acid disc methods.	Clavulanic Acid	237-252	EsbL	Escherichia coli	145-149
15949189-3	2005	All 61 ESBL isolates were resistant to beta-lactams and sensitive to imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoxitime.	beta-Lactams	39-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
15949189-3	2005	All 61 ESBL isolates were resistant to beta-lactams and sensitive to imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoxitime.	Imipenem	69-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
15949189-3	2005	All 61 ESBL isolates were resistant to beta-lactams and sensitive to imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoxitime.	Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination	79-102	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
15949189-3	2005	All 61 ESBL isolates were resistant to beta-lactams and sensitive to imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoxitime.	cefoxitime	107-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	7-11
15983682-10	2005	More than 89% of the ESBL producers were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem.	Imipenem	56-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
15983682-10	2005	More than 89% of the ESBL producers were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem.	Meropenem	69-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
15796985-5	2005	ESBL production was associated with high levels of resistance to tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and tobramycin when compared to non-ESBL producing isolates.	Tetracycline	65-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
15796985-5	2005	ESBL production was associated with high levels of resistance to tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and tobramycin when compared to non-ESBL producing isolates.	Sulfisoxazole	79-92	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
15796985-5	2005	ESBL production was associated with high levels of resistance to tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and tobramycin when compared to non-ESBL producing isolates.	Streptomycin	94-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
15796985-5	2005	ESBL production was associated with high levels of resistance to tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and tobramycin when compared to non-ESBL producing isolates.	Kanamycin	108-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
15796985-5	2005	ESBL production was associated with high levels of resistance to tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and tobramycin when compared to non-ESBL producing isolates.	Gentamicins	119-129	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
15796985-5	2005	ESBL production was associated with high levels of resistance to tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and tobramycin when compared to non-ESBL producing isolates.	Tobramycin	134-144	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
15815007-4	2005	The strains were screened for the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) by the double-disk synergy test using a disk of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid with disks of the extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	136-163	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-80
15815007-4	2005	The strains were screened for the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) by the double-disk synergy test using a disk of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid with disks of the extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam.	Cephalosporins	200-214	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-80
15815007-4	2005	The strains were screened for the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) by the double-disk synergy test using a disk of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid with disks of the extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam.	Aztreonam	219-228	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-80
15743578-1	2005	INTRODUCTION: In the last years, we have verified the increasing emergence of bacteria, specially Escherichia coli, that produce expanded spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), enzymes which confer resistance to all cephalosporins (except cephamycins) and aztreonam.	Cephalosporins	210-224	EsbL	Escherichia coli	164-168
15743578-1	2005	INTRODUCTION: In the last years, we have verified the increasing emergence of bacteria, specially Escherichia coli, that produce expanded spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), enzymes which confer resistance to all cephalosporins (except cephamycins) and aztreonam.	Cephamycins	233-244	EsbL	Escherichia coli	164-168
15743578-1	2005	INTRODUCTION: In the last years, we have verified the increasing emergence of bacteria, specially Escherichia coli, that produce expanded spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), enzymes which confer resistance to all cephalosporins (except cephamycins) and aztreonam.	Aztreonam	250-259	EsbL	Escherichia coli	164-168
15743578-3	2005	METHODS: Descriptive study of ESBL-producing strains of E. coli isolated in all kind of specimens in two hospitals of Southern Alicante (Spain), throughout a period of 57 months (January 1999 to September 2003), paying a close attention to their origin (outpatients or admitted patients), co-resistance to non beta-lactam antibiotics and evolution of their incidence.	beta-Lactams	310-321	EsbL	Escherichia coli	30-34
15743578-6	2005	We found in both hospitals much higher percentages of co-resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and trimetoprim-sulfamethoxazole in ESBL-producing strains.	Ciprofloxacin	71-84	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
15743578-6	2005	We found in both hospitals much higher percentages of co-resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and trimetoprim-sulfamethoxazole in ESBL-producing strains.	Gentamicins	86-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
15743578-6	2005	We found in both hospitals much higher percentages of co-resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and trimetoprim-sulfamethoxazole in ESBL-producing strains.	trimetoprim-sulfamethoxazole	101-129	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
15828443-0	2005	In vitro synergy and selection of resistance by fluoroquinolones plus amikacin or beta-lactams against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli.	Amikacin	70-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-135
15828443-0	2005	In vitro synergy and selection of resistance by fluoroquinolones plus amikacin or beta-lactams against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli.	beta-Lactams	82-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-135
15660255-9	2005	Fluoroquinolones were most strongly associated with the development of ESBL-producing bacteria.	Fluoroquinolones	0-16	EsbL	Escherichia coli	71-75
15847220-14	2005	Comparison of drug-sensitivity to cephem by ESBL-gene type revealed that cefpirome, cefepime and cefozopran had higher MIC50/90 values against the CTX-M group with a MIC50 of greater than 128microg/ml.	cephem	34-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
15847220-14	2005	Comparison of drug-sensitivity to cephem by ESBL-gene type revealed that cefpirome, cefepime and cefozopran had higher MIC50/90 values against the CTX-M group with a MIC50 of greater than 128microg/ml.	cefpirome	73-82	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
15847220-14	2005	Comparison of drug-sensitivity to cephem by ESBL-gene type revealed that cefpirome, cefepime and cefozopran had higher MIC50/90 values against the CTX-M group with a MIC50 of greater than 128microg/ml.	Cefepime	84-92	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
15847220-14	2005	Comparison of drug-sensitivity to cephem by ESBL-gene type revealed that cefpirome, cefepime and cefozopran had higher MIC50/90 values against the CTX-M group with a MIC50 of greater than 128microg/ml.	cefozopran	97-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
15881830-3	2005	In this study we aimed to investigate in vitro activity of meropenem, ciprofloxacine and amikacin against ESBL-producing and non-producing blood isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.	Meropenem	59-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-110
15574469-2	2005	METHODS: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing clinical isolates of E. coli from extra-intestinal sources were tested for susceptibility to non-beta-lactam drugs, and their serotypes were determined.	beta-Lactams	27-38	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
15574469-7	2005	Ninety-six per cent of ESBL producers were also resistant to gentamicin, and 100% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin.	Gentamicins	61-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-27
15574469-7	2005	Ninety-six per cent of ESBL producers were also resistant to gentamicin, and 100% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	85-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-27
15574469-7	2005	Ninety-six per cent of ESBL producers were also resistant to gentamicin, and 100% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin.	Ciprofloxacin	119-132	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-27
15574469-12	2005	CONCLUSIONS: Extra-intestinal infections with ESBL-producing E. coli of different serotypes and probably mixed clonality showed a surprising homogeneity in resistance profiles, with 100% being co-resistant to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and 96% to gentamicin.	Ciprofloxacin	209-222	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
15574469-12	2005	CONCLUSIONS: Extra-intestinal infections with ESBL-producing E. coli of different serotypes and probably mixed clonality showed a surprising homogeneity in resistance profiles, with 100% being co-resistant to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and 96% to gentamicin.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	227-256	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
15574469-12	2005	CONCLUSIONS: Extra-intestinal infections with ESBL-producing E. coli of different serotypes and probably mixed clonality showed a surprising homogeneity in resistance profiles, with 100% being co-resistant to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and 96% to gentamicin.	Gentamicins	269-279	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
15881830-3	2005	In this study we aimed to investigate in vitro activity of meropenem, ciprofloxacine and amikacin against ESBL-producing and non-producing blood isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.	Amikacin	89-97	EsbL	Escherichia coli	106-110
15881830-7	2005	In vitro susceptibilities of ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains were found as 100% for meropenem, 33.3% and 25.9% for ciprofloxacine, 94.5% and 83.3% for amikacin.	Meropenem	101-110	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
15881830-7	2005	In vitro susceptibilities of ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains were found as 100% for meropenem, 33.3% and 25.9% for ciprofloxacine, 94.5% and 83.3% for amikacin.	Ciprofloxacin	132-146	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
15881830-7	2005	In vitro susceptibilities of ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains were found as 100% for meropenem, 33.3% and 25.9% for ciprofloxacine, 94.5% and 83.3% for amikacin.	Amikacin	168-176	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
15881830-8	2005	It was observed that; meropenem was equally active agent in both ESBL-producing and non-producing strains, and its activity was not affected by ESBL production.	Meropenem	22-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	65-69
15881830-9	2005	Whereas amikacin activity was minimally affected and ciprofloxacine activity was markedly decreased by ESBL production.	Ciprofloxacin	53-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	103-107
15881830-10	2005	In conclusion, meropenem seems to be better choice of antibiotic should be used for ESBL positive life-threatening infections, because of remaining highest activity.	Meropenem	15-24	EsbL	Escherichia coli	84-88
17642726-5	2004	A high degree of associated resistance to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole and quinolones was found in ESBL producers.	Gentamicins	42-52	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
15471997-1	2004	OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the performance of the MicroScan ESBL plus confirmation panel using a series of 87 oxyimino-cephalosporin-resistant Gram-negative bacilli of various species.	oxyimino-cephalosporin	113-135	EsbL	Escherichia coli	63-67
15471997-5	2004	RESULTS: The MicroScan MIC-based clavulanate synergy correctly classified 50 of 57 ESBL strains as ESBL-positive and 23 of 30 non-ESBL strains as ESBL-negative (yielding a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 76.7%, respectively).	Clavulanic Acid	33-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	83-87
15471997-5	2004	RESULTS: The MicroScan MIC-based clavulanate synergy correctly classified 50 of 57 ESBL strains as ESBL-positive and 23 of 30 non-ESBL strains as ESBL-negative (yielding a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 76.7%, respectively).	Clavulanic Acid	33-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
15471997-5	2004	RESULTS: The MicroScan MIC-based clavulanate synergy correctly classified 50 of 57 ESBL strains as ESBL-positive and 23 of 30 non-ESBL strains as ESBL-negative (yielding a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 76.7%, respectively).	Clavulanic Acid	33-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
15471997-5	2004	RESULTS: The MicroScan MIC-based clavulanate synergy correctly classified 50 of 57 ESBL strains as ESBL-positive and 23 of 30 non-ESBL strains as ESBL-negative (yielding a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 76.7%, respectively).	Clavulanic Acid	33-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	99-103
15471997-9	2004	CONCLUSION: The MicroScan clavulanate synergy test proved to be a valuable tool for ESBL confirmation.	Clavulanic Acid	26-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	84-88
15471997-11	2004	and in discriminating ESBL-related resistance from the K1 enzyme and from inherent clavulanate susceptibility in Acinetobacter spp.	Clavulanic Acid	83-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
15301679-1	2004	During a survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Bulgaria in 2001-2002, three isolates from Sofia (two Escherichia coli, one Klebsiella pneumoniae) showed cefotaxime MICs that were decreased in the presence of clavulanate and were 2-8-fold higher than those of ceftazidime.	Cefotaxime	197-207	EsbL	Escherichia coli	19-51
15301679-1	2004	During a survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Bulgaria in 2001-2002, three isolates from Sofia (two Escherichia coli, one Klebsiella pneumoniae) showed cefotaxime MICs that were decreased in the presence of clavulanate and were 2-8-fold higher than those of ceftazidime.	Clavulanic Acid	252-263	EsbL	Escherichia coli	19-51
15301679-1	2004	During a survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Bulgaria in 2001-2002, three isolates from Sofia (two Escherichia coli, one Klebsiella pneumoniae) showed cefotaxime MICs that were decreased in the presence of clavulanate and were 2-8-fold higher than those of ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	303-314	EsbL	Escherichia coli	19-51
17642726-3	2004	Fourteen percent and 12% of ESBL producers showed false susceptibility to ceftazidime and cefotaxime in routine susceptibility testing.	Ceftazidime	74-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
17642726-3	2004	Fourteen percent and 12% of ESBL producers showed false susceptibility to ceftazidime and cefotaxime in routine susceptibility testing.	Cefotaxime	90-100	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
17642726-4	2004	The susceptibility of ESBL producers to imipenem, nitrofurantoin and amikacin was found to be 100%, 89% and 86% respectively.	Imipenem	40-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
17642726-4	2004	The susceptibility of ESBL producers to imipenem, nitrofurantoin and amikacin was found to be 100%, 89% and 86% respectively.	Nitrofurantoin	50-64	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
15561828-8	2004	Carbapenem and ciprofloxacin were the most effective antibiotics in antimicrobial therapy for ESBL-EK bacteremia.	Carbapenems	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
15561828-8	2004	Carbapenem and ciprofloxacin were the most effective antibiotics in antimicrobial therapy for ESBL-EK bacteremia.	Ciprofloxacin	15-28	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
15561830-5	2004	The combinations reduced piperacillin MICs by 2- to 32-fold for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.	Piperacillin	25-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	64-96
15798813-4	2004	Only 72/107 (67%) of the isolates were confirmed as ESBL producers by DDT, with diverse results among species.	DDT	70-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
15472339-13	2004	The increased prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing isolates during nonoutbreak situations in hospitalized patients and the establishment of these isolates in the community with coresistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics, including quinolones, represent an opportunity for these isolates to become endemic.	beta-Lactams	207-218	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
15472339-13	2004	The increased prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing isolates during nonoutbreak situations in hospitalized patients and the establishment of these isolates in the community with coresistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics, including quinolones, represent an opportunity for these isolates to become endemic.	Quinolones	242-252	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
15500745-7	2004	RESULTS: ESBL producers were resistant to most beta-lactams and non-beta-lactams.	beta-Lactams	47-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
15500745-7	2004	RESULTS: ESBL producers were resistant to most beta-lactams and non-beta-lactams.	beta-Lactams	68-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-13
15500745-8	2004	Most transconjugants were obtained at frequency of 10(-4) approximately 10(-5) and resistance to non-beta-lactams was cotransferred with the ESBL activity to the transconjugant.	beta-Lactams	101-113	EsbL	Escherichia coli	141-145
17642726-4	2004	The susceptibility of ESBL producers to imipenem, nitrofurantoin and amikacin was found to be 100%, 89% and 86% respectively.	Amikacin	69-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	22-26
17642726-5	2004	A high degree of associated resistance to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole and quinolones was found in ESBL producers.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	54-68	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
17642726-5	2004	A high degree of associated resistance to gentamicin, co-trimoxazole and quinolones was found in ESBL producers.	Quinolones	73-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
14706090-3	2004	This study evaluated the relationship between extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production and ciprofloxacin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated as causative agents of urinary tract infection.	Ciprofloxacin	101-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-78
15312399-2	2004	METHODS: 24 strains of cefoxitin-resistant ESBL-producing E. coli and 8 strains of K. pneumoniae were collected from January to December 2001 at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital.	Cefoxitin	23-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
15164964-7	2004	Using ceftazidime as a marker for extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) expression, less than 3% of Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae expressed this phenotype.	Ceftazidime	6-17	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
15116574-9	2004	Carbapenems including MEPM were active against these ESBL strains.	Carbapenems	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	53-57
15256035-2	2004	To investigate environmental ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, 22 cephalothin-resistant E. coli were isolated from Han River in Seoul, Korea.	Cephalothin	65-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	29-33
12843054-3	2003	For 21 of 131 (16%) isolates, the ESBL confirmatory test was positive; i.e., the BMD MICs of ceftazidime or cefotaxime decreased by &gt;/=3 doubling dilutions in the presence of clavulanic acid (CA) or the disk diffusion zone diameters increased by &gt;/=5 mm around ceftazidime or cefotaxime disks in the presence of CA.	Ceftazidime	93-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
14594340-14	2003	CONCLUSION: Carbapenems remain the treatment of choice for ESBL-producing pathogens.	Carbapenems	12-23	EsbL	Escherichia coli	59-63
12925113-7	2003	Carbapenems remained active against the ESBL-producing strains (meropenem MIC90, 0.25-1 mg/L), while some other agents, such as aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and piperacillin-tazobactam, were significantly less effective.	Carbapenems	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-44
12925113-7	2003	Carbapenems remained active against the ESBL-producing strains (meropenem MIC90, 0.25-1 mg/L), while some other agents, such as aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and piperacillin-tazobactam, were significantly less effective.	Meropenem	64-73	EsbL	Escherichia coli	40-44
12843054-3	2003	For 21 of 131 (16%) isolates, the ESBL confirmatory test was positive; i.e., the BMD MICs of ceftazidime or cefotaxime decreased by &gt;/=3 doubling dilutions in the presence of clavulanic acid (CA) or the disk diffusion zone diameters increased by &gt;/=5 mm around ceftazidime or cefotaxime disks in the presence of CA.	Cefotaxime	108-118	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
12843054-3	2003	For 21 of 131 (16%) isolates, the ESBL confirmatory test was positive; i.e., the BMD MICs of ceftazidime or cefotaxime decreased by &gt;/=3 doubling dilutions in the presence of clavulanic acid (CA) or the disk diffusion zone diameters increased by &gt;/=5 mm around ceftazidime or cefotaxime disks in the presence of CA.	Clavulanic Acid	178-193	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
12843054-3	2003	For 21 of 131 (16%) isolates, the ESBL confirmatory test was positive; i.e., the BMD MICs of ceftazidime or cefotaxime decreased by &gt;/=3 doubling dilutions in the presence of clavulanic acid (CA) or the disk diffusion zone diameters increased by &gt;/=5 mm around ceftazidime or cefotaxime disks in the presence of CA.	Ceftazidime	267-278	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
12843054-3	2003	For 21 of 131 (16%) isolates, the ESBL confirmatory test was positive; i.e., the BMD MICs of ceftazidime or cefotaxime decreased by &gt;/=3 doubling dilutions in the presence of clavulanic acid (CA) or the disk diffusion zone diameters increased by &gt;/=5 mm around ceftazidime or cefotaxime disks in the presence of CA.	Cefotaxime	282-292	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
12812716-6	2003	Because these strains had high MICs of &gt; or = 16 microg/ml for cephamycins such as cefoxitin and cefmetazole, these strains might produce high levels of AmpC in addition to ESBL.	Cephamycins	66-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	176-180
12812716-6	2003	Because these strains had high MICs of &gt; or = 16 microg/ml for cephamycins such as cefoxitin and cefmetazole, these strains might produce high levels of AmpC in addition to ESBL.	Cefoxitin	86-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	176-180
12812716-6	2003	Because these strains had high MICs of &gt; or = 16 microg/ml for cephamycins such as cefoxitin and cefmetazole, these strains might produce high levels of AmpC in addition to ESBL.	Cefmetazole	100-111	EsbL	Escherichia coli	176-180
12709334-1	2003	The frequency of resistance to beta-lactams among nosocomial isolates has been increasing due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enteric bacilli.	beta-Lactams	31-43	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-129
12806752-1	2003	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) mediated resistance to third generation cephalosporins, amongst the family Enterobacteriaceae, is emerging worldwide.	Cephalosporins	80-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
12721319-6	2003	It was also observed that 74.4-80.9% of these ESBL producers were resistant to cefotaxime and 47.6-59.5% were resistant to ceftazidime in routine susceptibility testing.	Cefotaxime	79-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	46-50
12721319-7	2003	Some ESBL producers (36.3-61.5%) were found to be susceptible to either or both cephalosporins used in this study.	Cephalosporins	80-94	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
12721319-8	2003	It is concluded that indiscriminate use of third-generation cephalosporins may be responsible for the selection of ESBL-producing multiresistant strains in the neonatal intensive-care unit (NICU).	Cephalosporins	60-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	115-119
14628571-5	2003	Susceptibility of 62 Enterobacteriaceae strains that were isolated in 4 therapeutic centres of Tomsk, Nazran and Moscow and proved to be ESBL-producing organisms was tested and it was shown that the 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins could not be referred to a homogenous group.	Cephalosporins	222-236	EsbL	Escherichia coli	137-141
14628571-6	2003	The same was confirmed by the prospective and retrospective investigations of a multiprofile hospital on the clinical and bacteriological efficacies of the 3rd generation cephalosporins and cefepime in the treatment of hospital-acquired infections due to Enterobacteriaceae strains producing ESBL.	Cephalosporins	171-185	EsbL	Escherichia coli	292-296
14628571-6	2003	The same was confirmed by the prospective and retrospective investigations of a multiprofile hospital on the clinical and bacteriological efficacies of the 3rd generation cephalosporins and cefepime in the treatment of hospital-acquired infections due to Enterobacteriaceae strains producing ESBL.	Cefepime	190-198	EsbL	Escherichia coli	292-296
14606607-3	2003	ESBL production was detected in 26 E. coli strains (5.96%), 60 K. pneumoniae strains (44.77%) and 15 K. oxytoca strains (26.78%) by ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanate E-test.	Ceftazidime	132-143	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12558458-9	2003	Many ESBL-producing organisms also express AmpC beta-lactamases and may be co-transferred with plasmids mediating aminoglycoside resistance.	Aminoglycosides	114-128	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
12558458-10	2003	In addition, there is an increasing association between ESBL production and fluoroquinolone resistance.	Fluoroquinolones	76-91	EsbL	Escherichia coli	56-60
12558458-11	2003	Although in in vitro tests ESBLs are inhibited by beta-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid, the activity of beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination agents is influenced by the bacterial inoculum, dose administration regimen and specific type of ESBL present.	Clavulanic Acid	84-99	EsbL	Escherichia coli	27-31
12558458-12	2003	Currently, carbapenems are regarded as the drugs of choice for treatment of infections caused by ESBL-producing organisms.	Carbapenems	11-22	EsbL	Escherichia coli	97-101
12517841-1	2003	We assessed the prevalence and phenotypic characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers among cefuroxime-resistant (CXM-R) (MIC &gt; or = 32 micro g/ml) members of the family Enterobacteriaceae in our institution.	Cefuroxime	117-127	EsbL	Escherichia coli	95-99
12517841-3	2003	ESBL production was confirmed by disk diffusion assay using cefpodoxime (CPD), cefotaxime (CTX), and ceftazidime (CTZ) with and without clavulanate (CLAV).	cefpodoxime	60-71	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12517841-3	2003	ESBL production was confirmed by disk diffusion assay using cefpodoxime (CPD), cefotaxime (CTX), and ceftazidime (CTZ) with and without clavulanate (CLAV).	cefpodoxime	73-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12517841-3	2003	ESBL production was confirmed by disk diffusion assay using cefpodoxime (CPD), cefotaxime (CTX), and ceftazidime (CTZ) with and without clavulanate (CLAV).	Cefotaxime	79-89	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12517841-3	2003	ESBL production was confirmed by disk diffusion assay using cefpodoxime (CPD), cefotaxime (CTX), and ceftazidime (CTZ) with and without clavulanate (CLAV).	Ceftazidime	101-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12517841-3	2003	ESBL production was confirmed by disk diffusion assay using cefpodoxime (CPD), cefotaxime (CTX), and ceftazidime (CTZ) with and without clavulanate (CLAV).	Ceftazidime	114-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12517841-3	2003	ESBL production was confirmed by disk diffusion assay using cefpodoxime (CPD), cefotaxime (CTX), and ceftazidime (CTZ) with and without clavulanate (CLAV).	Clavulanic Acid	136-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12517841-3	2003	ESBL production was confirmed by disk diffusion assay using cefpodoxime (CPD), cefotaxime (CTX), and ceftazidime (CTZ) with and without clavulanate (CLAV).	Clavulanic Acid	149-153	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12517841-13	2003	The overall sensitivity of isolated ESBL confirmatory tests was 79% for CPD-CLAV, 66% for CTZ-CLAV, and 91% for CTX-CLAV.	cpd-clav	72-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	36-40
12517841-13	2003	The overall sensitivity of isolated ESBL confirmatory tests was 79% for CPD-CLAV, 66% for CTZ-CLAV, and 91% for CTX-CLAV.	ctz-clav	90-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	36-40
12517841-13	2003	The overall sensitivity of isolated ESBL confirmatory tests was 79% for CPD-CLAV, 66% for CTZ-CLAV, and 91% for CTX-CLAV.	ctx-clav	112-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	36-40
12517841-21	2003	The CTX-CLAV combination confirmed ESBL producers better than the CTZ-CLAV combination, with sensitivity varying between species.	ctx-clav	4-12	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
14606607-3	2003	ESBL production was detected in 26 E. coli strains (5.96%), 60 K. pneumoniae strains (44.77%) and 15 K. oxytoca strains (26.78%) by ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanate E-test.	ceftazidime-clavulanate	144-167	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12532575-17	2002	ESBL production may contribute to this high level resistance against beta-lactams.	beta-Lactams	69-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12532575-6	2002	Isolates resistant to cefpodoxime and aztreonam were considered as ESBL phenotype, indicating ESBL production.	cefpodoxime	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-71
12445009-1	2002	OBJECTIVE: To compare common extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) screening methods and beta-lactams for their ability to detect TEM- and SHV-related ESBL enzymes.	beta-Lactams	91-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	153-157
12445009-10	2002	CONCLUSIONS: For practical reasons, we would recommend use of either the Jarlier test or the commercial cephalosporin disks containing clavulanic acid to screen for ESBL producers.	Cephalosporins	104-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	165-169
12445009-10	2002	CONCLUSIONS: For practical reasons, we would recommend use of either the Jarlier test or the commercial cephalosporin disks containing clavulanic acid to screen for ESBL producers.	Clavulanic Acid	135-150	EsbL	Escherichia coli	165-169
12373483-4	2002	In vitro antibacterial activities of 23 beta-lactam antibiotics were tested against the ESBL producers by the agar dilution method, and the results were compared.	beta-Lactams	40-51	EsbL	Escherichia coli	88-92
12373483-5	2002	The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of penicillins tested were more than 32 micro g/ml against both the parental RTEM and ESBL producers, but they were substantially decreased by a combination with beta-lactamase inhibitors.	Penicillins	48-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	131-135
12373483-6	2002	Compared with the MICs against the ESBL-nonproducing host strain, the MICs of the cephalosporins tested for the ESBL producers were increased more than eight times in most cases and in several cases soared to more than 2048 times against a Toho-1 ESBL producer.	Cephalosporins	82-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
12373483-6	2002	Compared with the MICs against the ESBL-nonproducing host strain, the MICs of the cephalosporins tested for the ESBL producers were increased more than eight times in most cases and in several cases soared to more than 2048 times against a Toho-1 ESBL producer.	Cephalosporins	82-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-116
12373483-6	2002	Compared with the MICs against the ESBL-nonproducing host strain, the MICs of the cephalosporins tested for the ESBL producers were increased more than eight times in most cases and in several cases soared to more than 2048 times against a Toho-1 ESBL producer.	Cephalosporins	82-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-116
12532575-6	2002	Isolates resistant to cefpodoxime and aztreonam were considered as ESBL phenotype, indicating ESBL production.	cefpodoxime	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
12532575-6	2002	Isolates resistant to cefpodoxime and aztreonam were considered as ESBL phenotype, indicating ESBL production.	Aztreonam	38-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-71
11766406-2	2001	Faropenem showed potent activity against a wide variety of bacteria including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing ones.	fropenem	0-9	EsbL	Escherichia coli	112-116
12532575-6	2002	Isolates resistant to cefpodoxime and aztreonam were considered as ESBL phenotype, indicating ESBL production.	Aztreonam	38-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
12532575-14	2002	Resistance to both cefpodoxime and aztreonam was found in 25% isolates suggesting ESBL production.	cefpodoxime	19-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
12532575-14	2002	Resistance to both cefpodoxime and aztreonam was found in 25% isolates suggesting ESBL production.	Aztreonam	35-44	EsbL	Escherichia coli	82-86
11959586-7	2002	The risk factors for bloodstream infection with ESBL-producing organisms were prior hospitalization, prior use of oxyimino-cephalosporins, and admission to an intensive care unit within the previous month.	oxyimino-cephalosporins	114-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	48-52
11959586-10	2002	In a subset analysis of patients treated with extended-spectrum cephalosporins with or without an aminoglycoside, favorable response rates were significantly higher in the non-ESBL group at the 3rd day (6 of 17 versus 33 of 51; P = 0.035), the 5th day (6 of 17 versus 36 of 50; P &lt; 0.05), and the end of therapy (9 of 17 versus 47 of 50; P &lt; 0.001).	Cephalosporins	64-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	176-180
11794426-4	2002	PATIENTS: Fifty-seven patients with cultures of presumed ESBL-producing (i.e., ceftazidime-resistant) E. coli or K. pneumoniae.	Ceftazidime	79-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
12052629-10	2002	The carbapenems among beta-lactams were the most active agents against the ESBL-producing species of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and those strains which hyper-express amp C enzymes including Citrobacter spp.	Carbapenems	4-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
12052629-10	2002	The carbapenems among beta-lactams were the most active agents against the ESBL-producing species of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and those strains which hyper-express amp C enzymes including Citrobacter spp.	beta-Lactams	22-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	75-79
11929691-8	2002	Overall, ceftriaxone and aztreonam were the best substrates for the detection of the ESBL phenotype between both E. coli isolates and K. pneumoniae ESBL phenotypes; however, there was significant variation between countries in substrate preference.	Ceftriaxone	9-20	EsbL	Escherichia coli	85-89
11929691-8	2002	Overall, ceftriaxone and aztreonam were the best substrates for the detection of the ESBL phenotype between both E. coli isolates and K. pneumoniae ESBL phenotypes; however, there was significant variation between countries in substrate preference.	Ceftriaxone	9-20	EsbL	Escherichia coli	148-152
11929691-8	2002	Overall, ceftriaxone and aztreonam were the best substrates for the detection of the ESBL phenotype between both E. coli isolates and K. pneumoniae ESBL phenotypes; however, there was significant variation between countries in substrate preference.	Aztreonam	25-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	85-89
11929691-8	2002	Overall, ceftriaxone and aztreonam were the best substrates for the detection of the ESBL phenotype between both E. coli isolates and K. pneumoniae ESBL phenotypes; however, there was significant variation between countries in substrate preference.	Aztreonam	25-34	EsbL	Escherichia coli	148-152
11929691-11	2002	The best coverage against ESBL-producing isolates was obtained with imipenem (0% resistance), followed by amikacin (6% resistance).	Imipenem	68-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
11929691-11	2002	The best coverage against ESBL-producing isolates was obtained with imipenem (0% resistance), followed by amikacin (6% resistance).	Amikacin	106-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	26-30
11766406-3	2001	The mechanism of the stability against ESBL was elucidated by modeling the Michaelis complex of faropenem and Toho-1, an ESBL.	fropenem	96-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	39-43
11766406-3	2001	The mechanism of the stability against ESBL was elucidated by modeling the Michaelis complex of faropenem and Toho-1, an ESBL.	fropenem	96-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
11766406-3	2001	The mechanism of the stability against ESBL was elucidated by modeling the Michaelis complex of faropenem and Toho-1, an ESBL.	toho-1	110-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	39-43
11766406-3	2001	The mechanism of the stability against ESBL was elucidated by modeling the Michaelis complex of faropenem and Toho-1, an ESBL.	toho-1	110-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	121-125
11673032-12	2001	ESBL were detected in the isolates of E. coli and there were some methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus.	Methicillin	66-77	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
11502518-1	2001	A clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae was found to be resistant to ampicillin (MIC of 128 microg/ml), ticarcillin (MIC of 512 microg/ml), and ceftazidime (MIC of 128 microg/ml) and susceptible to all other beta-lactams; a synergistic effect between clavulanate and ceftazidime suggested the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Ceftazidime	148-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	346-350
11565067-0	2001	Epidemiological investigation of fluoroquinolone resistance in infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Fluoroquinolones	33-48	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-113
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Amikacin	105-113	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Amikacin	105-113	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-4	2001	RESULTS: Long time hospitalization and use of the third generation cephalosporins were risk factors for ESBL(+) pathogen infection(P &lt; 0.02); the prevalence of ESBL(+) bacteria infection in abdominal and pelvic cavity was higher than that of ESBL(-) bacteria(P &lt; 0.02); the outcome of properly treated group(sensitive antibiotics were used within 72 hours) was much better than improperly treated group.	Cephalosporins	67-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-108
11758235-4	2001	RESULTS: Long time hospitalization and use of the third generation cephalosporins were risk factors for ESBL(+) pathogen infection(P &lt; 0.02); the prevalence of ESBL(+) bacteria infection in abdominal and pelvic cavity was higher than that of ESBL(-) bacteria(P &lt; 0.02); the outcome of properly treated group(sensitive antibiotics were used within 72 hours) was much better than improperly treated group.	Cephalosporins	67-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	163-167
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Piperacillin	118-130	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
11758235-4	2001	RESULTS: Long time hospitalization and use of the third generation cephalosporins were risk factors for ESBL(+) pathogen infection(P &lt; 0.02); the prevalence of ESBL(+) bacteria infection in abdominal and pelvic cavity was higher than that of ESBL(-) bacteria(P &lt; 0.02); the outcome of properly treated group(sensitive antibiotics were used within 72 hours) was much better than improperly treated group.	Cephalosporins	67-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	163-167
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Piperacillin	118-130	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Piperacillin	118-130	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	imipenam	39-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Tazobactam	131-141	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Cefmetazole	92-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Tazobactam	131-141	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Cefmetazole	92-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Cefmetazole	92-103	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Tazobactam	131-141	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Ceftazidime	176-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Ceftazidime	176-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Ceftazidime	176-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11146252-2	2000	We used a Vitek custom card to detect cefpodoxime MIC of--2 mg/L as a screen for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production in E. coli and Klebsiella spp.	cefpodoxime	38-49	EsbL	Escherichia coli	81-113
11442343-2	2001	Of the 668 isolates, the 80 strains were presumptively defined as ESBL producers according to the result of disk method using ESBL marker antibiotics (aztreonam, ceftazidime, and cefoxitin).	Aztreonam	151-160	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
11442343-2	2001	Of the 668 isolates, the 80 strains were presumptively defined as ESBL producers according to the result of disk method using ESBL marker antibiotics (aztreonam, ceftazidime, and cefoxitin).	Ceftazidime	162-173	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
11442343-2	2001	Of the 668 isolates, the 80 strains were presumptively defined as ESBL producers according to the result of disk method using ESBL marker antibiotics (aztreonam, ceftazidime, and cefoxitin).	Cefoxitin	179-188	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
11320450-5	2001	ESBL strains showed high levels of co-resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin.	Tetracycline	69-81	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
11320450-5	2001	ESBL strains showed high levels of co-resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin.	Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination	83-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
11320450-5	2001	ESBL strains showed high levels of co-resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin.	Ciprofloxacin	118-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
11320450-6	2001	Imipenem remains highly effective against ESBL strains.	Imipenem	0-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-46
11376058-1	2001	Although extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) hydrolyze cephalosporin antibiotics, some ESBL-producing organisms are not resistant to all cephalosporins when tested in vitro.	Cephalosporins	61-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-48
11376058-3	2001	We performed a prospective, multinational study of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia and identified 10 patients who were treated for ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae bacteremia with cephalosporins and whose infecting organisms were not resistant in vitro to the utilized cephalosporin.	Cephalosporins	177-191	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
11376058-3	2001	We performed a prospective, multinational study of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia and identified 10 patients who were treated for ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae bacteremia with cephalosporins and whose infecting organisms were not resistant in vitro to the utilized cephalosporin.	Cephalosporins	177-190	EsbL	Escherichia coli	132-136
11376058-7	2001	Thus, it is clinically important to detect ESBL production by klebsiellae or E. coli even when cephalosporin MICs are in the susceptible range (&lt;or = 8 microg/ml) and to report ESBL-producing organisms as resistant to aztreonam and all cephalosporins (with the exception of cephamycins).	Cephalosporins	95-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
11376058-7	2001	Thus, it is clinically important to detect ESBL production by klebsiellae or E. coli even when cephalosporin MICs are in the susceptible range (&lt;or = 8 microg/ml) and to report ESBL-producing organisms as resistant to aztreonam and all cephalosporins (with the exception of cephamycins).	Aztreonam	221-230	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
11376058-7	2001	Thus, it is clinically important to detect ESBL production by klebsiellae or E. coli even when cephalosporin MICs are in the susceptible range (&lt;or = 8 microg/ml) and to report ESBL-producing organisms as resistant to aztreonam and all cephalosporins (with the exception of cephamycins).	Cephalosporins	239-253	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
11376058-7	2001	Thus, it is clinically important to detect ESBL production by klebsiellae or E. coli even when cephalosporin MICs are in the susceptible range (&lt;or = 8 microg/ml) and to report ESBL-producing organisms as resistant to aztreonam and all cephalosporins (with the exception of cephamycins).	Cephamycins	277-288	EsbL	Escherichia coli	43-47
11320450-5	2001	ESBL strains showed high levels of co-resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin.	Aminoglycosides	52-67	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
10752694-9	2000	As a second test for confirming ESBL activity in strains with reduced susceptibility to beta-lactams, the inhibitor-potentiated disc diffusion test is therefore a simple and reliable option.	beta-Lactams	88-100	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
10957579-7	2000	Production of beta-lactamase including ESBL was the major mechanism of beta-lactam resistance.	beta-Lactams	14-25	EsbL	Escherichia coli	39-43
10837447-7	2000	It is concluded that ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae are endemic in Brooklyn, are spread between hospitals, and may be associated with cephalosporin usage.	Cephalosporins	137-150	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
10705053-3	2000	Isolates with intermediate or resistant susceptibilities for extended spectrum cephalosporins or aztreonam were reported as probable ESBL producers.	Cephalosporins	79-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
10705053-3	2000	Isolates with intermediate or resistant susceptibilities for extended spectrum cephalosporins or aztreonam were reported as probable ESBL producers.	Aztreonam	97-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	133-137
8818874-1	1996	Resistance to contemporary broad-spectrum beta-lactams, mediated by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes, is an increasing problem worldwide.	beta-Lactams	42-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-100
10234838-2	1999	Clavulanic acid restored the ceftazidime activity, thus suggesting an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Clavulanic Acid	0-15	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-108
10234838-2	1999	Clavulanic acid restored the ceftazidime activity, thus suggesting an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Ceftazidime	29-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-108
9925542-0	1999	Diversification of Escherichia coli expressing an SHV-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) during a hospital outbreak: emergence of an ESBL-hyperproducing strain resistant to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	201-215	EsbL	Escherichia coli	93-97
9925542-0	1999	Diversification of Escherichia coli expressing an SHV-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) during a hospital outbreak: emergence of an ESBL-hyperproducing strain resistant to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	201-215	EsbL	Escherichia coli	143-147
10741001-7	2000	Since the CAZ-resistance decreased (MIC, 64 micrograms/ml--&gt;0.13 microgram/ml) by the presence of clavulanate (CVA) in this isolate, this strain was speculated to be an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producer at an early stage of infection.	Clavulanic Acid	101-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	206-210
10741001-7	2000	Since the CAZ-resistance decreased (MIC, 64 micrograms/ml--&gt;0.13 microgram/ml) by the presence of clavulanate (CVA) in this isolate, this strain was speculated to be an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producer at an early stage of infection.	Clavulanic Acid	114-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	206-210
10746193-1	1999	MICs of various beta-lactam antibiotics by themselves and in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitor (clavulanic acid) against extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae which were isolated from clinical materials were investigated.	beta-Lactams	16-27	EsbL	Escherichia coli	163-167
10746193-1	1999	MICs of various beta-lactam antibiotics by themselves and in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitor (clavulanic acid) against extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae which were isolated from clinical materials were investigated.	Clavulanic Acid	104-119	EsbL	Escherichia coli	163-167
10746193-7	1999	The data obtained by the above investigations were compiled and used to determine the limit concentration of each beta-lactam against beta-lactamase producing strains including ESBL.	beta-Lactams	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	177-181
10746193-9	1999	This method may be used as a reference in investigating the prevalence of beta-lactam resistant isolates by ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae.	beta-Lactams	74-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	108-112
11097713-11	1999	showed low susceptibilities for cefotaxime (90.7% and 41.3%) and for cefoxitin (85.6% and 78.3% respectively), indicating a high frequency of isolates that produce ESBL and/or stably derepressed ampC enzymes.	Cefoxitin	69-78	EsbL	Escherichia coli	164-168
8818874-1	1996	Resistance to contemporary broad-spectrum beta-lactams, mediated by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes, is an increasing problem worldwide.	beta-Lactams	42-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	102-106
8818874-2	1996	The Etest (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) ESBL screen uses stable gradient technology to evaluate the MIC of ceftazidime alone compared with the MIC of ceftazidime with clavulanic acid (2 micrograms/ml) to facilitate the recognition of strains expressing inhibitable enzymes.	Ceftazidime	105-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
8818874-6	1996	The MICs of ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin at which 50% of isolates are inhibited were 16- to 128-fold higher (coresistance) for the ESBL screen-positive group of strains than for the ESBL screen-negative group of strains.	Ciprofloxacin	12-25	EsbL	Escherichia coli	144-148
8818874-6	1996	The MICs of ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin at which 50% of isolates are inhibited were 16- to 128-fold higher (coresistance) for the ESBL screen-positive group of strains than for the ESBL screen-negative group of strains.	Ciprofloxacin	12-25	EsbL	Escherichia coli	195-199
8818874-6	1996	The MICs of ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin at which 50% of isolates are inhibited were 16- to 128-fold higher (coresistance) for the ESBL screen-positive group of strains than for the ESBL screen-negative group of strains.	Gentamicins	27-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	144-148
8818874-6	1996	The MICs of ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin at which 50% of isolates are inhibited were 16- to 128-fold higher (coresistance) for the ESBL screen-positive group of strains than for the ESBL screen-negative group of strains.	Gentamicins	27-37	EsbL	Escherichia coli	195-199
8818874-6	1996	The MICs of ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin at which 50% of isolates are inhibited were 16- to 128-fold higher (coresistance) for the ESBL screen-positive group of strains than for the ESBL screen-negative group of strains.	Tobramycin	43-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	144-148
8818874-6	1996	The MICs of ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin at which 50% of isolates are inhibited were 16- to 128-fold higher (coresistance) for the ESBL screen-positive group of strains than for the ESBL screen-negative group of strains.	Tobramycin	43-53	EsbL	Escherichia coli	195-199
8818874-8	1996	The Etest ESBL screen test with the ceftazidime substrate appears to be a useful method for detecting or validating the presence of enteric bacilli potentially producing this type of beta-lactamase.	Ceftazidime	36-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-14
7871780-0	1994	[A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli].	Ceftazidime	47-58	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-41
8815106-2	1996	With standard 30 micrograms antibiotic disks, the fraction of these extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates testing resistant by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards criteria was lowest (24%) with cefotaxime disks.	Cefotaxime	232-242	EsbL	Escherichia coli	102-106
8815106-4	1996	Ceftazidime and aztreonam disks were equivalent in differentiating ESBL production, and both were superior to cefotaxime disks.	Ceftazidime	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-71
8815106-7	1996	With a 5-micrograms ceftazidime disk, a breakpoint could be chosen with high sensitivity and specificity for ESBL-producing organisms.	Ceftazidime	20-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	109-113
7705033-10	1994	Most ESBL-producing isolates demonstrated cross resistance with gentamicin and ofloxacin.	Gentamicins	64-74	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
7705033-10	1994	Most ESBL-producing isolates demonstrated cross resistance with gentamicin and ofloxacin.	Ofloxacin	79-88	EsbL	Escherichia coli	5-9
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	beta-Lactams	119-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-40
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	beta-Lactams	119-131	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-47
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	Cefoxitin	146-155	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-40
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	Cefoxitin	146-155	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-47
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	Imipenem	160-168	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-40
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	Imipenem	160-168	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-47
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	Ceftazidime	185-196	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-40
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	Ceftazidime	185-196	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-47
33776959-3	2021	ESBL-encoding genes detected in pigs and pig farmers included bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-3, bla CTX-M-24, and bla CARB-2, and AmpC beta-lactamases included bla CMY-2, bla DHA-1, and bla CMY-42.	dehydroacetic acid	224-227	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
33813365-17	2021	The astA gene was detected in 27 (41.5%) mcr-ESBL-Ec isolates demonstrating their potential virulence.	Cyclophosphamide	4-8	EsbL	Escherichia coli	45-49
33943052-0	2021	Single-dose amikacin plus 7 days of amoxicillin/clavulanate to treat acute cystitis caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli: A retrospective cohort study.	Amikacin	12-20	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-126
33943052-0	2021	Single-dose amikacin plus 7 days of amoxicillin/clavulanate to treat acute cystitis caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli: A retrospective cohort study.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	36-59	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-126
33232750-3	2021	Cefotaxime-resistant E. coli were mainly extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers (95.6%, n=158), of which the majority carried blaCTX-M (98.7%; n=151) and were detected in all water samples except the outflow from hospital wastewater treatment plant.	Cefotaxime	0-10	EsbL	Escherichia coli	41-73
34801675-12	2022	The sequence type of the mcr-5 positive strain was ST1642 and it carried two distinct plasmids, ESBL gene-carrying pN-ES-6-1, and mcr-5.1-carrying pN-ES-6-2.	pn-es	115-120	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
32629840-0	2020	Transferable Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae from Irrigation Water.	Water	100-105	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-45
22951650-1	2012	Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) or AmpC beta-lactamases may be associated with false cephalosporin susceptibility results.	Cephalosporins	94-107	EsbL	Escherichia coli	35-39
22951650-11	2012	When BA was added to CA inhibition test, the number of positive isolates of ESBL increased from 13 to 14 (63.6%) due to inhibition of AmpC with BA.	Boronic Acids	5-7	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
22951650-11	2012	When BA was added to CA inhibition test, the number of positive isolates of ESBL increased from 13 to 14 (63.6%) due to inhibition of AmpC with BA.	ampc	134-138	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
22951650-11	2012	When BA was added to CA inhibition test, the number of positive isolates of ESBL increased from 13 to 14 (63.6%) due to inhibition of AmpC with BA.	Boronic Acids	144-146	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
34943748-1	2021	Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC beta-lactamase are two enzymes commonly found in Enterobacteriaceae that confer resistance to major antibiotics, such as third-generation cephalosporins that are widely prescribed for both human and animals.	Cephalosporins	187-201	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
34756091-10	2021	CHROMagar extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) agar supported growth of a wider diversity of extended-spectrum-cephalosporin-resistant E. coli strains.	Agar	50-54	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-42
34756091-10	2021	CHROMagar extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) agar supported growth of a wider diversity of extended-spectrum-cephalosporin-resistant E. coli strains.	Cephalosporins	114-127	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-42
34914083-6	2022	Detection of ESBL production was carried out by using ESBL ChromoSelect Agar medium and the combined disk diffusion.	Agar	72-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	13-17
34914083-6	2022	Detection of ESBL production was carried out by using ESBL ChromoSelect Agar medium and the combined disk diffusion.	Agar	72-76	EsbL	Escherichia coli	54-58
34618368-8	2022	Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains showed resistance against tetracycline, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, co-trimoxazole, ampicillin and sensitivity to imipenem-EDTA, colistin and gentamicin.The study revealed the partial clonal relationship of ESBL sequences possessed by the poultry isolates of the present study and local clinical isolates available in the database.	Edetic Acid	177-181	EsbL	Escherichia coli	261-265
34618368-8	2022	Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains showed resistance against tetracycline, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, co-trimoxazole, ampicillin and sensitivity to imipenem-EDTA, colistin and gentamicin.The study revealed the partial clonal relationship of ESBL sequences possessed by the poultry isolates of the present study and local clinical isolates available in the database.	Gentamicins	196-206	EsbL	Escherichia coli	261-265
34941425-1	2022	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli exhibits strong multidrug resistance (MDR) to ampicillin and third-generation cephalosporins.	Ampicillin	113-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
34941425-1	2022	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli exhibits strong multidrug resistance (MDR) to ampicillin and third-generation cephalosporins.	Cephalosporins	145-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
34710631-3	2021	We have established a method to distinguish extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing clinical isolates by capturing structural changes in beta-lactam antibiotics using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).	beta-Lactams	147-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	44-76
34191610-0	2021	Multidrug-Resistant Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Pathotypes in North Eastern Region of India: Backyard Small Ruminants-Human-Water Interface.	Water	156-161	EsbL	Escherichia coli	20-52