PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
34002314-4	2021	In binary solution, the high selectivity coefficients (betaRe/M) indicated that 3-ATAR could separate and recover Re(VII) from U(VI) and other metal ions (Cu(II), Cr(III), Ni(II), Zn(II)).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	163-170	TNF receptor superfamily member 14	Homo sapiens	82-86
2497301-5	1989	Among the Cr(III) compounds only chromium acetate produced a low but significant increase of SOS inducing activity.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	10-17	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	93-96
6250582-2	1980	As in the case of Fe(III)- and Cu(II)-transferrin, a significant quenching of apolactoferrin"s intrinsic fluorescence is caused by the interaction of Fe(III), Cu(II), Cr(III), Mn(III), and Co(III) with specific metal binding sites.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	167-174	transferrin	Homo sapiens	38-49
6250582-6	1980	Furthermore, as in serum transferrin the two metal binding sites in lactoferrin can be distinguished by EPR spectroscopy, particularly with the Cr(III)-substituted protein.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	144-151	transferrin	Homo sapiens	25-36
2649638-1	1989	We investigated the chymotrypsin-promoted hydrolysis of a series of chromium(III)-insulin complexes containing chelating or macrocyclic ligands.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	68-81	insulin	Homo sapiens	82-89
2649638-2	1989	It has been shown that Cr(III) stabilizes insulin against the chymotrypsin-promoted hydrolysis of the protein.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	23-30	insulin	Homo sapiens	42-49
2649638-4	1989	The Cr(III) containing peptides are richer in glutamic acid than the intact insulin and are devoid of any isoleucine.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	4-11	insulin	Homo sapiens	76-83
2649638-5	1989	High molecular weights and the observed glutamic acid/histidine ratios in Cr(III) containing peptides have been rationalized in terms of Cr(III) being associated with insulin aggregates rather than the monomer of the protein.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	74-81	insulin	Homo sapiens	167-174
2649638-5	1989	High molecular weights and the observed glutamic acid/histidine ratios in Cr(III) containing peptides have been rationalized in terms of Cr(III) being associated with insulin aggregates rather than the monomer of the protein.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	137-144	insulin	Homo sapiens	167-174
2649638-6	1989	The chymotrypsin hydrolysis of Cr(III) insulin derivatives is influenced markedly by the nature, charge, and type of Cr(III) complex with which the protein has been reacted.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	31-38	insulin	Homo sapiens	39-46
2649638-6	1989	The chymotrypsin hydrolysis of Cr(III) insulin derivatives is influenced markedly by the nature, charge, and type of Cr(III) complex with which the protein has been reacted.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	117-124	insulin	Homo sapiens	39-46
2649638-7	1989	Arguments have been advanced that chymotrypsin-promoted hydrolysis of insulin Cr(III) derivatives does not lead to cleavages at or near every tyrosine residue.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	78-85	insulin	Homo sapiens	70-77
6502162-7	1984	The comparative affinity of Cr(III) for LMWCr and for the serum proteins decreases in the order LMWCr, transferrin, albumin.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	28-35	transferrin	Mus musculus	103-114
33631574-2	2021	In this study, a Cr(III) adsorption protein (MerP) was displayed on the cell surface of Escherichia coli and then coupled with a magnetic pellet system to facilitate Cr(III) adsorption.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	17-24	mercuric transport protein periplasmic component MerP	Escherichia coli	45-49
33631574-2	2021	In this study, a Cr(III) adsorption protein (MerP) was displayed on the cell surface of Escherichia coli and then coupled with a magnetic pellet system to facilitate Cr(III) adsorption.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	166-173	mercuric transport protein periplasmic component MerP	Escherichia coli	45-49
33639461-5	2021	The uptake of Cr(III) by rGO/PAPA-2 was fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	14-21	PAPA2	Homo sapiens	29-35
33639461-6	2021	The adsorption mechanism of Cr(III) onto rGO/PAPA-2 can be attributed to electrostatic attraction and surface complexation with APA groups.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	28-35	PAPA2	Homo sapiens	45-51
32781281-0	2021	Role of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) against Cr(III)-induced toxicity in bacteria.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	56-63	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	8-38
33924662-6	2021	The competitive transport of Pb(II) over Zn(II), Cd(II), and Cr(III) ions across PIMs under the optimal conditions was also performed.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	61-68	submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B	Homo sapiens	29-35
33924662-7	2021	It was found that the Cr(III) ions" presence in the feed phase disturb effective re-extraction of Pb(II) ions from membrane to stripping phase.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	22-29	submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B	Homo sapiens	98-104
33898945-2	2021	Here, we show that the antiferromagnetic interaction in the largest Cr(III)-RE (rare earth) cluster {Cr10RE18} leads to 96 parallel electrons, forming a ground spin state S T of 48 for RE = Gd.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	68-75	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
32781281-0	2021	Role of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) against Cr(III)-induced toxicity in bacteria.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	56-63	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	40-46
32781281-3	2021	After exposure to Cr(III), loss of sodA not only led to the excessive generation of ROS, but also enhanced the level of lipid peroxidation and reduced the GSH level, indicating that the deficiency of Mn-SOD decreased the bacterial resistance ability against Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	18-25	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	200-206
32781281-3	2021	After exposure to Cr(III), loss of sodA not only led to the excessive generation of ROS, but also enhanced the level of lipid peroxidation and reduced the GSH level, indicating that the deficiency of Mn-SOD decreased the bacterial resistance ability against Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	258-265	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	200-206
32781281-4	2021	The adverse effects of oxidative stress caused by Cr(III) could be recovered by the rescue of Mn-SOD in the sodA-deficient strain.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	50-57	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	94-100
32781281-6	2021	Moreover, Mn-SOD might prevent Cr(III) from oxidation on the bacterial surface by combining with Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	31-38	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	10-16
32781281-6	2021	Moreover, Mn-SOD might prevent Cr(III) from oxidation on the bacterial surface by combining with Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	97-104	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	10-16
32777616-6	2021	The Cr species examination demonstrated that the GR-X was able to transfer Cr(VI) into stable Cr(III)-Fe(III) precipitates (Fe-Mn oxides fraction).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	94-101	glutaredoxin	Homo sapiens	49-53
32805661-4	2021	It was found that CaCrO4 reacted with CaO and formed a new product Ca5(CrO4)3O0.5 at temperature range of 800 and 1000  C. The valence state of Cr in Ca5(CrO4)3O0.5 is determined to be +5 b y XPS analysis, and the color for new formed Cr(V) is observed in green, similar to Cr(III) compounds.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	274-281	carbonic anhydrase 5A	Homo sapiens	67-70
32650146-0	2020	X-ray structure of chromium(III)-containing transferrin: First structure of a physiological Cr(III)-binding protein.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	19-32	transferrin	Homo sapiens	44-55
32805661-4	2021	It was found that CaCrO4 reacted with CaO and formed a new product Ca5(CrO4)3O0.5 at temperature range of 800 and 1000  C. The valence state of Cr in Ca5(CrO4)3O0.5 is determined to be +5 b y XPS analysis, and the color for new formed Cr(V) is observed in green, similar to Cr(III) compounds.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	274-281	carbonic anhydrase 5A	Homo sapiens	150-153
32650146-0	2020	X-ray structure of chromium(III)-containing transferrin: First structure of a physiological Cr(III)-binding protein.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	92-99	transferrin	Homo sapiens	44-55
32650146-1	2020	Transferrin, the Fe(III) transport protein in the blood, has been suggested to also serve as a Cr(III) transporter and as part of a Cr(III) detoxification system; however, the structure of the metal-binding sites has never been fully elucidated with bound Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	95-102	transferrin	Homo sapiens	0-11
31669693-4	2020	At pH 4.5 and 5.5, the release of Cr(III) from transferrin occurs rapidly from the weak binding site.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	34-41	transferrin	Homo sapiens	47-58
32353603-8	2020	According to the ATR-FTIR results, Cr(III) ions reacted with hydroxyl groups on nano-ZnO to form ZnO-O bonds, which induced chains of nano-ZnO and Cr(III) complexes, and hence the increased of nano-ZnO aggregates.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	35-42	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	17-20
32674324-3	2020	Fe3O4@Me6TREN NPs as an effective nano-adsorbent of heavy metals exhibited significant differences in maximum adsorption capacity for Cr(III) (61.4 mg/g), Cu(II) (245.0 mg/g), Pb(II) (5.3 mg/g), and Cd(II) (1136.2 mg/g), in favor of classified removal of heavy metals from wastewater.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	134-141	submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B	Homo sapiens	176-182
32088595-4	2020	These studies have also found that Cr(III)2-Tf can exist in multiple conformations giving rise to different spectroscopic properties and different rates of Cr(III) release.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	156-163	transferrin	Homo sapiens	44-46
32088595-5	2020	Time-dependent spectroscopic studies of the binding and release of Cr(III) from human serum Tf have been used to identify three different conformations of Cr(III)2-Tf.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	67-74	transferrin	Homo sapiens	92-94
32088595-5	2020	Time-dependent spectroscopic studies of the binding and release of Cr(III) from human serum Tf have been used to identify three different conformations of Cr(III)2-Tf.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	67-74	transferrin	Homo sapiens	164-166
32088595-5	2020	Time-dependent spectroscopic studies of the binding and release of Cr(III) from human serum Tf have been used to identify three different conformations of Cr(III)2-Tf.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	155-162	transferrin	Homo sapiens	92-94
32088595-5	2020	Time-dependent spectroscopic studies of the binding and release of Cr(III) from human serum Tf have been used to identify three different conformations of Cr(III)2-Tf.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	155-162	transferrin	Homo sapiens	164-166
32088595-6	2020	The conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf used in most previous studies forms too slowly to be physiologically relevant and slowly releases Cr(III) in endosomal pH range.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	20-27	transferrin	Homo sapiens	29-31
32088595-6	2020	The conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf used in most previous studies forms too slowly to be physiologically relevant and slowly releases Cr(III) in endosomal pH range.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	130-137	transferrin	Homo sapiens	29-31
32088595-7	2020	The conformation formed between 5 min to 60 min after the addition of Cr(III) to apoTf at pH 7.4 in 25 mM bicarbonate resembles the conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf in its complex with Tf receptor (TfR) and loses Cr(III) rapidly at endosomal pH, although not as fast as the Tf-TfR complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	70-77	transferrin	Homo sapiens	84-86
32088595-7	2020	The conformation formed between 5 min to 60 min after the addition of Cr(III) to apoTf at pH 7.4 in 25 mM bicarbonate resembles the conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf in its complex with Tf receptor (TfR) and loses Cr(III) rapidly at endosomal pH, although not as fast as the Tf-TfR complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	70-77	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	180-191
32088595-7	2020	The conformation formed between 5 min to 60 min after the addition of Cr(III) to apoTf at pH 7.4 in 25 mM bicarbonate resembles the conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf in its complex with Tf receptor (TfR) and loses Cr(III) rapidly at endosomal pH, although not as fast as the Tf-TfR complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	70-77	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	193-196
32088595-7	2020	The conformation formed between 5 min to 60 min after the addition of Cr(III) to apoTf at pH 7.4 in 25 mM bicarbonate resembles the conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf in its complex with Tf receptor (TfR) and loses Cr(III) rapidly at endosomal pH, although not as fast as the Tf-TfR complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	70-77	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	272-275
32088595-7	2020	The conformation formed between 5 min to 60 min after the addition of Cr(III) to apoTf at pH 7.4 in 25 mM bicarbonate resembles the conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf in its complex with Tf receptor (TfR) and loses Cr(III) rapidly at endosomal pH, although not as fast as the Tf-TfR complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	148-155	transferrin	Homo sapiens	84-86
32088595-7	2020	The conformation formed between 5 min to 60 min after the addition of Cr(III) to apoTf at pH 7.4 in 25 mM bicarbonate resembles the conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf in its complex with Tf receptor (TfR) and loses Cr(III) rapidly at endosomal pH, although not as fast as the Tf-TfR complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	148-155	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	180-191
32088595-7	2020	The conformation formed between 5 min to 60 min after the addition of Cr(III) to apoTf at pH 7.4 in 25 mM bicarbonate resembles the conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf in its complex with Tf receptor (TfR) and loses Cr(III) rapidly at endosomal pH, although not as fast as the Tf-TfR complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	148-155	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	193-196
32088595-7	2020	The conformation formed between 5 min to 60 min after the addition of Cr(III) to apoTf at pH 7.4 in 25 mM bicarbonate resembles the conformation of Cr(III)2-Tf in its complex with Tf receptor (TfR) and loses Cr(III) rapidly at endosomal pH, although not as fast as the Tf-TfR complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	148-155	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	272-275
32088595-8	2020	The significance of these conformations and the potential role of Tf in detoxification of Cr(III) are described.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	90-97	transferrin	Homo sapiens	66-68
31669693-7	2020	Loss of Cr(III) from the transferrin-transferrin receptor complex, thus, is easily sufficiently rapid for transferrin to serve as the physiological transporter of Cr(III) from the bloodstream to the tissues.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	163-170	transferrin	Homo sapiens	37-48
31669693-7	2020	Loss of Cr(III) from the transferrin-transferrin receptor complex, thus, is easily sufficiently rapid for transferrin to serve as the physiological transporter of Cr(III) from the bloodstream to the tissues.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	163-170	transferrin	Homo sapiens	37-48
31669693-8	2020	However, detailed studies of conformational changes of transferrin associated with the binding and release of chromium along with investigations of how and at what rate Cr(III) is transported from the endosome will be required before this question of whether transferrin transport Cr(III) in vivo can be definitively resolved.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	281-288	transferrin	Homo sapiens	259-270
32088595-3	2020	Consequently, the release of Cr(III) from human and bovine serum Tf has been examined under conditions mimicking an endosome during endocytosis.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	29-36	transferrin	Homo sapiens	65-67
32088595-4	2020	These studies have also found that Cr(III)2-Tf can exist in multiple conformations giving rise to different spectroscopic properties and different rates of Cr(III) release.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	35-42	transferrin	Homo sapiens	44-46
32104830-6	2020	For the detection of Cr(iii) in the red channel, the fluorescence intensity quenching effect was seen at 605 nm, and was linear from 0.1 to 15.0 muM, with a detection limit of 46 nM.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	21-28	latexin	Homo sapiens	145-148
31978470-7	2020	A proposed coordination formula of CS/Cr (III) might be a good certificate for the homogeneous chemical combination nature of Cr(III) on the monolayer surface of chitosan in a molecular scale.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	126-133	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	35-37
31562928-6	2020	After the recovery of the electroactive consortium activity, the MFC-based biosensors were shown to be sensitive towards Ni(II) and Cr(III), at concentrations above 2 mg L-1.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	132-139	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	170-173
31669693-6	2020	When Cr(III)-loaded transferrin is added to soluble transferrin receptor, the interaction with the receptor results in Cr(III) in both the weak and tight binding sites giving rise to an EPR signal similar to that of the weak binding site; concurrently, the loss of Cr(III) from both binding sites becomes rapid at acidic pH, more rapid than from either site in the absence of the receptor.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	5-12	transferrin	Homo sapiens	20-31
31669693-6	2020	When Cr(III)-loaded transferrin is added to soluble transferrin receptor, the interaction with the receptor results in Cr(III) in both the weak and tight binding sites giving rise to an EPR signal similar to that of the weak binding site; concurrently, the loss of Cr(III) from both binding sites becomes rapid at acidic pH, more rapid than from either site in the absence of the receptor.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	5-12	transferrin	Homo sapiens	52-63
31669693-6	2020	When Cr(III)-loaded transferrin is added to soluble transferrin receptor, the interaction with the receptor results in Cr(III) in both the weak and tight binding sites giving rise to an EPR signal similar to that of the weak binding site; concurrently, the loss of Cr(III) from both binding sites becomes rapid at acidic pH, more rapid than from either site in the absence of the receptor.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	119-126	transferrin	Homo sapiens	20-31
31669693-6	2020	When Cr(III)-loaded transferrin is added to soluble transferrin receptor, the interaction with the receptor results in Cr(III) in both the weak and tight binding sites giving rise to an EPR signal similar to that of the weak binding site; concurrently, the loss of Cr(III) from both binding sites becomes rapid at acidic pH, more rapid than from either site in the absence of the receptor.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	119-126	transferrin	Homo sapiens	52-63
31669693-6	2020	When Cr(III)-loaded transferrin is added to soluble transferrin receptor, the interaction with the receptor results in Cr(III) in both the weak and tight binding sites giving rise to an EPR signal similar to that of the weak binding site; concurrently, the loss of Cr(III) from both binding sites becomes rapid at acidic pH, more rapid than from either site in the absence of the receptor.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	119-126	transferrin	Homo sapiens	20-31
31669693-6	2020	When Cr(III)-loaded transferrin is added to soluble transferrin receptor, the interaction with the receptor results in Cr(III) in both the weak and tight binding sites giving rise to an EPR signal similar to that of the weak binding site; concurrently, the loss of Cr(III) from both binding sites becomes rapid at acidic pH, more rapid than from either site in the absence of the receptor.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	119-126	transferrin	Homo sapiens	52-63
31669693-7	2020	Loss of Cr(III) from the transferrin-transferrin receptor complex, thus, is easily sufficiently rapid for transferrin to serve as the physiological transporter of Cr(III) from the bloodstream to the tissues.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	8-15	transferrin	Homo sapiens	25-36
31669693-7	2020	Loss of Cr(III) from the transferrin-transferrin receptor complex, thus, is easily sufficiently rapid for transferrin to serve as the physiological transporter of Cr(III) from the bloodstream to the tissues.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	8-15	transferrin	Homo sapiens	37-48
31669693-7	2020	Loss of Cr(III) from the transferrin-transferrin receptor complex, thus, is easily sufficiently rapid for transferrin to serve as the physiological transporter of Cr(III) from the bloodstream to the tissues.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	8-15	transferrin	Homo sapiens	37-48
31669693-7	2020	Loss of Cr(III) from the transferrin-transferrin receptor complex, thus, is easily sufficiently rapid for transferrin to serve as the physiological transporter of Cr(III) from the bloodstream to the tissues.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	163-170	transferrin	Homo sapiens	25-36
31577642-5	2019	Conflicting results on a role of transferrin in Cr(III) transport and detoxification have appeared.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	48-55	transferrin	Homo sapiens	33-44
31577642-7	2019	Further studies are required to probe the mechanism of Cr(III) action in increasing insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in rodent models of insulin resistance and diabetes, with particular attention being turned to a potential role of transferrin in Cr(III) transport and detoxification.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	55-62	insulin	Homo sapiens	84-91
31577642-7	2019	Further studies are required to probe the mechanism of Cr(III) action in increasing insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in rodent models of insulin resistance and diabetes, with particular attention being turned to a potential role of transferrin in Cr(III) transport and detoxification.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	55-62	insulin	Homo sapiens	143-150
31401268-3	2019	Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the reaction conditions for the maximum chelation rate of GLP-Cr(III) complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	118-125	euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	114-117
31401268-8	2019	Meanwhile, according to the result of X-ray diffraction (XRD), the crystal degree of GLP was disappeared after chelation with Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	126-133	euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	85-88
31401268-9	2019	The presence of a "blind zone" in the 1H NMR spectrum obviously indicated the binding of Cr(III) to GLP.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	89-96	euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	100-103
31401268-13	2019	These results suggest that GLP-Cr(III) complex could be used as potential functional food ingredients for the prevention or treatment of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	31-38	euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	27-30
31154037-9	2019	Finally, XPS and FTIR analyses revealed that Cr(VI) was adsorbed and then reduced to Cr(III) by CYPH@IL101/chitosan capsule.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	85-92	peptidylprolyl isomerase A	Homo sapiens	96-106
31139936-7	2019	Graphical abstract Schematic presentation for the synthesis of Cr-CDs (chromium(III)-doped carbon dots) and their application to the fluorometric determination of p-NP (p-nitrophenol) based on an inner filter effect.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	71-84	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	163-167
31416223-1	2019	The conversion reaction of NO to NO3- ion catalyzed by the end-on [Cr(III)(n-TMC)(O2)(Cl)]+ superoxo and side-on [Cr(IV)(n-TMC)(O2)(Cl)]+ peroxo non-heme complexes (n = 12, 13, 14 and 15), which are biomimetic systems of nitric oxide dioxygenases (NODs), has been explored using a computational protocol in the framework of density functional theory.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	67-74	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	33-36
30943422-4	2019	The maximum Cr(III) adsorption capacity of AL-DA/Fe3O4 NPs was found to be 44.56 mg/g, which was among the highest of previously reported biomass-based Cr(III) adsorbents.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	12-19	aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate A	Homo sapiens	43-48
30943422-4	2019	The maximum Cr(III) adsorption capacity of AL-DA/Fe3O4 NPs was found to be 44.56 mg/g, which was among the highest of previously reported biomass-based Cr(III) adsorbents.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	152-159	aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate A	Homo sapiens	43-48
29797206-8	2019	Cr(III) reduced the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, IL-12) and restored the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) to the control values.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	59-67
30877542-1	2019	In this study, amine-terminated hyperbranched PAMAM (polyamidoamine) polymer (AT-HBP) was synthesized as a multifunctional chelating agent to remove two heavy metal ions (Cr(III) and Cu(II)) from the simulated wastewater solutions.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	171-178	heme binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
30877542-9	2019	The results reveal that the removal of Cr(III) and Cu(II) ions by AT-HBP were approximately 20% and 10% higher compared to PPI, respectively.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	39-46	heme binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
30802033-1	2019	In this work, we discover an effective domino-effect-based detection mechanism for the rapid, high-selectivity, and ultrasensitive naked-eye colorimetric ratio assay of chromium(III) ion (Cr3+) in aqueous solutions.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	169-182	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	188-191
29797206-8	2019	Cr(III) reduced the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, IL-12) and restored the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) to the control values.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	72-81
29797206-8	2019	Cr(III) reduced the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, IL-12) and restored the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) to the control values.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	144-149
29547855-5	2018	Our biological study then showed that coexposure to Cr(VI) and Cr(III) at possible ratios in canal water at Hazaribagh synergistically promotes transforming activity of human non-tumorigenic HaCaT keratinocytes with activated MEK/ERK and AKT.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	63-70	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	226-229
29577601-4	2018	Therefore, the influence of cobalt (II) and chromium (III) ions on the expression levels of the three TGF-beta isoforms in human osteosarcoma cell lines MG63 and SaOs-2 was analyzed and the impact on mineralization was studied.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	44-58	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	102-110
29911863-4	2018	Photocatalytic experiments demonstrate that this Cu(I)-MOF exhibits high reactivity for reduction of Cr(VI) in water, with 95% Cr(VI) converting to Cr(III) in 10 min by using MeOH as scavenger under visible-light illumination.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	148-155	lysine acetyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	55-58
29679800-10	2018	The multiply targeted mechanistic insight into such a process exemplifies the role of well-defined Cr(III) complex forms as potential insulin-mimetic adipogenic agents in Diabetes mellitus II.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	99-106	insulin	Homo sapiens	134-141
30500803-5	2018	However, in the case of CTA/PIM, the increase in Cr(VI) concentration above 0.005 mol/dm3 negatively influenced Cr(III) transport, which was caused by the degradation of the polymer matrix.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	112-119	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	28-31
29547855-5	2018	Our biological study then showed that coexposure to Cr(VI) and Cr(III) at possible ratios in canal water at Hazaribagh synergistically promotes transforming activity of human non-tumorigenic HaCaT keratinocytes with activated MEK/ERK and AKT.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	63-70	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	230-233
29547855-5	2018	Our biological study then showed that coexposure to Cr(VI) and Cr(III) at possible ratios in canal water at Hazaribagh synergistically promotes transforming activity of human non-tumorigenic HaCaT keratinocytes with activated MEK/ERK and AKT.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	63-70	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	238-241
29679271-5	2018	The analysis indicated that Cr(VI) could be efficiently reduced to Cr(III) and the removal of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) was through adsorption and chelation simultaneously by mPD-MCS.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	105-112	mevalonate (diphospho) decarboxylase	Mus musculus	168-171
29426532-2	2018	It utilizes a pre-heated customized glass tube (CGT), to supply the heat energy required for the reaction of Cr(III) with ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	109-116	UDP glycosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	48-51
29120797-2	2018	In this study, the interactions of either trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) or hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) with catalase (CAT) were investigated via multi-spectroscopic studies and computational simulations.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	62-69	catalase	Homo sapiens	108-116
29120797-6	2018	Synchronous fluorescence, UV-vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectral studies showed that either Cr(III) or Cr(VI) induced conformational changes of CAT, but the degree of influence was different.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	97-104	catalase	Homo sapiens	149-152
29120797-7	2018	The response of CAT activity to Cr(III) or Cr(VI) was found to be variable depending on their valence states and concentrations.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	32-39	catalase	Homo sapiens	16-19
28985590-4	2018	The selectivity of this system for Cr(III) over other metal ions is remarkably high, and its sensitivity is below 0.01mgL-1 in aqueous solutions which enables a simplification without any pretreatment of the real sample.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	35-42	LLGL scribble cell polarity complex component 1	Homo sapiens	118-123
29460929-7	2018	The DeltaP correlated well with Cr(iii) concentrations ranging from 0.39 to 25 ng mL-1.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	32-39	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	82-86
28985590-5	2018	The method has a wide linear range of 0.1-10mgL-1 and a detection limit of 0.15mugL-1 for Cr(III) while the relative standard deviation was 0.1% for 0.1mgL-1 Cr(III) concentration.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	158-165	LLGL scribble cell polarity complex component 1	Homo sapiens	152-157
27714287-6	2016	The results showed that around 75% of the Cr(vi) ions were photocatalytically reduced to Cr(iii) ions by the CRGO-P25-Au NCM within the light irradiation time of 1 h. In both applications, the enhanced catalytic activity of the CRGO-P25-Au NCM was attributed to the improved visible light absorption and the reduced charge recombination exerted by the interaction of CRGO and Au NPs with P25 and their synergistic effects.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	89-96	CWC22 spliceosome associated protein homolog	Homo sapiens	121-124
29292726-5	2017	The extract of Cladophora glomerata enriched with Cr(III) ions reduced apoptosis and inflammation in ASCs of EMS horses through improvement of mitochondrial dynamics, decreasing of PDK4 expression and reduction of endoplastic reticulum stress.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	50-57	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4	Equus caballus	181-185
28862670-7	2017	UV-Vis-DRS measurements performed in situ during the PDH process showed that at the beginning of the catalytic test Cr(VI) species were reduced to Cr(III) redox species.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	147-154	pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
28772672-4	2017	In addition, the ultraviolet and fluorescence response of the HL1 and HL2 shown marked changes upon their complexation with Cr(III) ion, which indicated that the two 8-hydroxyquinolinate based ligand are promising heavy metal chelating agent for Cr3+.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	124-131	asialoglycoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
28772672-4	2017	In addition, the ultraviolet and fluorescence response of the HL1 and HL2 shown marked changes upon their complexation with Cr(III) ion, which indicated that the two 8-hydroxyquinolinate based ligand are promising heavy metal chelating agent for Cr3+.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	124-131	asialoglycoprotein receptor 2	Homo sapiens	70-73
27318735-6	2016	Mechanisms for enhanced photocatalytic efficiency in the binary system are identified as: (1) a synergetic effect on the photo-reduction of Cr(VI) and photo-oxidation of 4-CP due to efficient separation of electron-hole pairs, and (2) autosynchronous doping because of reduced Cr(III) adsorption onto TNS.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	277-284	tensin 1	Homo sapiens	301-304
27731868-3	2016	Among metal ions studied, Cr(iii), Mn(ii), Fe(ii), Co(ii), Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) were found to enhance the photocurrent by 30-300%; whereas photocurrent density significantly dropped by 90% in Ni(ii) solution after 90 min of illumination.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	26-33	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	38-40
27731868-3	2016	Among metal ions studied, Cr(iii), Mn(ii), Fe(ii), Co(ii), Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) were found to enhance the photocurrent by 30-300%; whereas photocurrent density significantly dropped by 90% in Ni(ii) solution after 90 min of illumination.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	26-33	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	51-57
27731868-3	2016	Among metal ions studied, Cr(iii), Mn(ii), Fe(ii), Co(ii), Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) were found to enhance the photocurrent by 30-300%; whereas photocurrent density significantly dropped by 90% in Ni(ii) solution after 90 min of illumination.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	26-33	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	38-40
27731868-3	2016	Among metal ions studied, Cr(iii), Mn(ii), Fe(ii), Co(ii), Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) were found to enhance the photocurrent by 30-300%; whereas photocurrent density significantly dropped by 90% in Ni(ii) solution after 90 min of illumination.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	26-33	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	38-40
27731868-3	2016	Among metal ions studied, Cr(iii), Mn(ii), Fe(ii), Co(ii), Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) were found to enhance the photocurrent by 30-300%; whereas photocurrent density significantly dropped by 90% in Ni(ii) solution after 90 min of illumination.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	26-33	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	38-40
28577326-2	2017	We found that trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] induced autophagy by activating sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2 (SMPD2).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	34-41	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	75-108
28577326-2	2017	We found that trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] induced autophagy by activating sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2 (SMPD2).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	34-41	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	110-115
29089568-3	2017	Here, we used AFM imaging and NMR, fluorescence, and mass spectrometry to monitor in vitro how Abeta aggregation is affected by the cigarette-related compounds nicotine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with one to five aromatic rings, and the metal ions Cd(II), Cr(III), Pb(II), and Pb(IV).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	270-277	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	95-100
29089568-5	2017	Cd(II), Cr(III), and Pb(II) ions displayed general electrostatic interactions with Abeta, whereas Pb(IV) ions showed specific transient binding coordination to the N-terminal Abeta segment.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	8-15	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	83-88
27714287-6	2016	The results showed that around 75% of the Cr(vi) ions were photocatalytically reduced to Cr(iii) ions by the CRGO-P25-Au NCM within the light irradiation time of 1 h. In both applications, the enhanced catalytic activity of the CRGO-P25-Au NCM was attributed to the improved visible light absorption and the reduced charge recombination exerted by the interaction of CRGO and Au NPs with P25 and their synergistic effects.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	89-96	CWC22 spliceosome associated protein homolog	Homo sapiens	240-243
27037053-3	2016	The molecular structures and morphology of the new polymer and the Cr(III) complex have been examined using elemental analysis, solid-state (13)C NMR, UV-vis, XRD and FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM-EDX, TGA and magnetic measurements.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	67-74	T-box transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	199-202
27197571-1	2016	Cr(III) binding to transferrin (Tf; the main Fe(III) transport protein) has been postulated to mediate cellular uptake of Cr(III) to facilitate a purported essential role for this element.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	transferrin	Homo sapiens	19-30
27197571-1	2016	Cr(III) binding to transferrin (Tf; the main Fe(III) transport protein) has been postulated to mediate cellular uptake of Cr(III) to facilitate a purported essential role for this element.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	transferrin	Homo sapiens	32-34
27197571-1	2016	Cr(III) binding to transferrin (Tf; the main Fe(III) transport protein) has been postulated to mediate cellular uptake of Cr(III) to facilitate a purported essential role for this element.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	122-129	transferrin	Homo sapiens	19-30
27197571-1	2016	Cr(III) binding to transferrin (Tf; the main Fe(III) transport protein) has been postulated to mediate cellular uptake of Cr(III) to facilitate a purported essential role for this element.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	122-129	transferrin	Homo sapiens	32-34
27197571-2	2016	Experiments using HepG2 (human hepatoma) cells, which were chosen because of high levels of the transferrin receptor, showed that Cr(III) binding to vacant Fe(III) -binding sites of human Tf effectively blocks cellular Cr(III) uptake.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	130-137	transferrin	Homo sapiens	96-107
27197571-2	2016	Experiments using HepG2 (human hepatoma) cells, which were chosen because of high levels of the transferrin receptor, showed that Cr(III) binding to vacant Fe(III) -binding sites of human Tf effectively blocks cellular Cr(III) uptake.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	130-137	transferrin	Homo sapiens	188-190
27197571-2	2016	Experiments using HepG2 (human hepatoma) cells, which were chosen because of high levels of the transferrin receptor, showed that Cr(III) binding to vacant Fe(III) -binding sites of human Tf effectively blocks cellular Cr(III) uptake.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	219-226	transferrin	Homo sapiens	188-190
27197571-4	2016	These data support mounting evidence that Cr(III) is not essential and that Tf binding is likely to be a natural protective mechanism against the toxicity and potential genotoxicity of dietary Cr through blocking Cr(III) cellular accumulation.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	213-220	transferrin	Homo sapiens	76-78
26514573-9	2016	From the adsorption of heavy metals and OM complex compounds contained in IPA 54 % on Fe-PILB, the bridging of humic acid between bentonite and heavy metals (Zn(II) or Cr(III)) is proposed as the dominant adsorption mechanism (bentonite-HA-Me).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	168-175	methionine sulfoxide reductase B2	Homo sapiens	89-93
27536411-2	2016	The Cr(III) atom is located on a centre of symmetry and is coordinated by two N atoms and four O atoms of two facially arranged tridentate mida ligands, displaying a slightly distorted octa-hedral coordination environment.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	4-11	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex assembly factor 7	Homo sapiens	139-143
27088506-2	2016	The redox behavior of the Cr(III), Fe(II) and Co(II) complex was investigated by electrochemical method using cyclic voltammetry.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	26-33	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	46-52
26765070-3	2016	Concentration ratio of aqueous Cr(III)/Fe(III) controlled the chemical composition (x) of (Fex, Cr1-x)(OH)3 precipitates, solutions" supersaturation with respect to precipitates, and the surface charge of quartz.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	31-38	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	96-99
27036208-4	2016	Here, we demonstrate widely differing cation distribution coefficients of Cr(III)-species (Cr(3+), CrCl(2+) and CrCl2(+)) with equilibrium mass-dependent isotope fractionation spanning a range of ~1%/amu and consistent with theory.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	74-81	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	91-97
26765070-4	2016	Therefore, the aqueous Cr(III)/Fe(III) ratio affected homogeneous (in solution) and heterogeneous (on quartz) precipitation rates of (Fex, Cr1-x)(OH)3 through different mechanisms.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	23-30	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	139-142
24972167-11	2014	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the interaction between [Cr(phen)3](3+) with transferrin is relevant because this protein could be a delivery agent of Cr(III) complex to tumor cells.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	155-162	transferrin	Homo sapiens	81-92
27941262-6	2016	The relative standard deviation (RSD) (five replicate of measurements) for 50 and 100 mug L-1 Cr(III) solution was 1.2 and 1.0% respectively.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	94-101	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	90-93
25929464-5	2015	Co(2+) and Cr(3+) interacted additively and synergistically to reduce cellular activity and ALP activity, respectively, while the Co(2+) with Cr(6+) combination was dominated by the effect of Cr(6+) alone.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	11-17	alkaline phosphatase, placental	Homo sapiens	92-95
25595680-2	2015	The mode of action of Cr(III) at a molecular level is still an area of active debate; however, the movement of Cr(III) in the body, particularly in response to changes in insulin concentration, suggests that Cr(III) could act as a second messenger, amplifying insulin signaling.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	111-118	insulin	Homo sapiens	171-178
25595680-2	2015	The mode of action of Cr(III) at a molecular level is still an area of active debate; however, the movement of Cr(III) in the body, particularly in response to changes in insulin concentration, suggests that Cr(III) could act as a second messenger, amplifying insulin signaling.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	111-118	insulin	Homo sapiens	171-178
25595680-3	2015	The evidence for the pharmacological mechanism of Cr(III)"s ability to increase insulin sensitivity by acting as a second messenger is reviewed, and proposals for testing this hypothesis are described.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	50-57	insulin	Homo sapiens	80-87
25189199-0	2014	Cr(1/3)Zr2P3O12 with unusual tetrahedral coordination of Cr(III): peculiarities of the formation, thermal stability and application as a pigment.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	57-64	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-6
24909769-3	2014	The tyrosinase/SPC(TTF)E response to pyrocatechol is inhibited by Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	66-73	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	4-14
24981681-2	2014	For the EK/Fe(0) PRB, regardless of the pH in the anode well, the system facilitated the reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III), but the recovery of the Cr(III) in the PRB was low.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	114-121	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
24981681-2	2014	For the EK/Fe(0) PRB, regardless of the pH in the anode well, the system facilitated the reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III), but the recovery of the Cr(III) in the PRB was low.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	147-154	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
24981681-2	2014	For the EK/Fe(0) PRB, regardless of the pH in the anode well, the system facilitated the reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III), but the recovery of the Cr(III) in the PRB was low.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	147-154	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	162-165
25034144-7	2014	Importantly, a positive correlation between the tissue amounts of Cr(III) and Co(II) ions and tissue oxidative damage was observed.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	66-73	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	78-84
25034144-8	2014	Immobilized- Cr(III) and Co(II) affinity chromatography indicated that metal ions can also directly bind to several metallo and non-metalloproteins and, as demonstrated for aldolase and catalase, induce loss of their biological function.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	13-20	catalase	Homo sapiens	186-194
24909769-3	2014	The tyrosinase/SPC(TTF)E response to pyrocatechol is inhibited by Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	66-73	proline rich protein gene cluster	Homo sapiens	15-18
21666364-1	2011	The oxidation of Cr(III) at naturally-occurring concentration levels, i.e., microg dm(-3) or lower levels, by free chlorine during the chlorination process of tap water was studied using an improved solid-phase spectrophotometric method, which can be directly applicable to the specific determination of Cr(VI) at microg dm(-3) or lower levels.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	17-24	nuclear RNA export factor 1	Homo sapiens	159-162
24672880-0	2014	C18 bonded silica membrane disk modified with Cyanex 302 for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) speciation and flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	61-68	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	0-3
24672880-1	2014	A new SPE method for speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) has been developed using a Cyanex 302-impregnated C18 bonded silica membrane disk followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	35-42	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	104-107
24688439-6	2014	In addition, Cr(III)-morin complex was found to be a more potent antioxidant than morin as evaluated by DPPH  and FRAP methods.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	13-20	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	114-118
23952582-6	2013	Experimentally, the fastest rate of Cr(VI) production involving Cr(III)-muscovite was 3.8 x 10(-1) muM h(-1) (pH 3 without HM).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	64-71	latexin	Homo sapiens	99-102
22715144-4	2013	Based on the observed phenomenon, it was possible to determine Co(II), Fe(II) and Cr(III) ions with enhanced sensitivity and selectivity using the chelating reagents of the luminol-H2 O2 system.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	82-89	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	63-69
22715144-6	2013	Under optimized conditions, the calibration curve of metal ions was linear over the range of 2.0 x 10(-8) to 2.0 x 10(-5) M for Co(II), 1.0 x 10(-7) to 2.0 x 10(-5) M for Fe (II) and 2.0 x 10(-7) to 1.0 x 10(-4) M for Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	218-225	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	128-133
24470092-6	2013	While chromium has been conclusively shown not to have beneficial effects on body mass or composition and should be removed from the list of essential trace elements, chromium(III) compounds are generally nontoxic and have beneficial pharmacological effects in rodents models of insulin insensitivity, although human studies have not conclusively shown any beneficial effects.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	167-180	insulin	Homo sapiens	279-286
21498755-6	2011	Cr(III) precipitates were also detected by scanning election microscopy on the surfaces of the wt and mutants without MtrC or OmcA but not on the mutant cells lacking both MtrC and OmcA, demonstrating that the deletion of mtrC and omcA diminishes the extracellular formation of Cr(III) precipitates.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	OmcA/MtrC family decaheme c-type cytochrome	Shewanella oneidensis MR-1	126-130
21498755-6	2011	Cr(III) precipitates were also detected by scanning election microscopy on the surfaces of the wt and mutants without MtrC or OmcA but not on the mutant cells lacking both MtrC and OmcA, demonstrating that the deletion of mtrC and omcA diminishes the extracellular formation of Cr(III) precipitates.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	OmcA/MtrC family decaheme c-type cytochrome	Shewanella oneidensis MR-1	181-185
21498755-6	2011	Cr(III) precipitates were also detected by scanning election microscopy on the surfaces of the wt and mutants without MtrC or OmcA but not on the mutant cells lacking both MtrC and OmcA, demonstrating that the deletion of mtrC and omcA diminishes the extracellular formation of Cr(III) precipitates.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	OmcA/MtrC family decaheme c-type cytochrome	Shewanella oneidensis MR-1	231-235
21935427-4	2011	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We demonstrated that oligomannuronate, especially its chromium (III) complexes, enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and increased the mRNA expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and insulin receptor (IR) after their internalization into C2C12 skeletal muscle cells.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	86-100	solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 4	Mus musculus	192-213
20846002-1	2011	Two new water-soluble Cr(III) complexes [Cr(IP)(2)Cl(2)](+) and [Cr(PIP)(2)Cl(2)](+) (IP = imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, PIP = 2-phenylimidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectra, and ultraviolet-visible spectra.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	22-29	prolactin induced protein	Homo sapiens	68-71
20846002-1	2011	Two new water-soluble Cr(III) complexes [Cr(IP)(2)Cl(2)](+) and [Cr(PIP)(2)Cl(2)](+) (IP = imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, PIP = 2-phenylimidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectra, and ultraviolet-visible spectra.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	22-29	prolactin induced protein	Homo sapiens	127-130
20495717-9	2010	Nine metal cations, such as Cr(III), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Au(III), Mn(II), Zn(II), Pt(II), Pb(II) were successfully separated within 200 s. Migration time precisions ranging from 0.39% for Cr(III) to 2.1% for Cu(II) were obtained for ten consecutive determinations with peak height precisions from 1.67% for Co(II) to 5.73% for Pb(II).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	192-199	submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B	Homo sapiens	94-100
20532261-1	2010	Two new Co(ii)-Cr(iii) phosphonate clusters with [Co(II)(4)Cr(III)(4)] and [Co(II)(8)Cr(III)(4)] cores have been synthesized by a displacement reaction from a pre-formed heterometallic carboxylate cage.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	59-66	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	8-13
21067147-5	2010	The Cr(III) derivative is characterized by ferromagnetic Cr(III)-Co(II) interactions.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	4-11	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	65-71
21067147-5	2010	The Cr(III) derivative is characterized by ferromagnetic Cr(III)-Co(II) interactions.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	57-64	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	65-71
20166223-6	2010	By using a proteomic approach, we showed that in the presence of fetal bovine serum, Cr(III) complexes interacted only with albumin, whereas they interacted mainly with albumin, transferrin, and immunoglobulins (Ig) in the presence of human serum (HS).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	85-92	transferrin	Homo sapiens	178-189
18452313-11	2008	Mapping the sequence specificity of Cr(III)-GA 2- and Cr(III)-EGA 2-DNA formation in the human p53 gene sequence by UvrABC nuclease cutting, we found that the sequence specificity for both adducts is the same but is much more selective than Cr(III)-guanine-DNA adducts.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	54-61	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	95-98
20009329-4	2009	Under optimized conditions, TOA/CPE demonstrated an enhanced sensitivity for Cr(VI), providing a low detection limit (S/N = 3) at 3.4 x 10(-9) M. Interference studies also displayed high selectivity of the TOA/CPE for Cr(VI); this electrode can accurately determine Cr(VI) in the presence of Cr(III) (600-fold concentration) and other interfering cations.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	292-299	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	32-35
19699402-9	2009	The method was successfully applied for the preconcentration of trace Cr(III), Cu(II), Fe(III) and Pb(II) in natural and certified samples with satisfactory results.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	70-77	submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B	Homo sapiens	99-105
19376147-3	2009	From the cytotoxicity data, DNA fragmentation pattern, Annexin V staining, TUNEL positivity and the ultrastructural characteristics such as chromatin condensation and formation of apoptotic bodies, it is clear that Cr(III)(pic)(3) induces a concentration dependent apoptosis.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	215-222	annexin A5	Homo sapiens	55-64
19376147-6	2009	Cr(III)(pic)(3) treatment leads to collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential, Bax expression, increase in cytosolic cytochrome c content and active caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation and all these manifestations are reduced by pretreating the lymphocytes with N-acetyl cysteine.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	85-88
19376147-6	2009	Cr(III)(pic)(3) treatment leads to collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential, Bax expression, increase in cytosolic cytochrome c content and active caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation and all these manifestations are reduced by pretreating the lymphocytes with N-acetyl cysteine.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	123-135
19376147-6	2009	Cr(III)(pic)(3) treatment leads to collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential, Bax expression, increase in cytosolic cytochrome c content and active caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation and all these manifestations are reduced by pretreating the lymphocytes with N-acetyl cysteine.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	155-164
19371627-8	2009	Cr(III) inhibits synthesome-mediated DNA synthesis (IC(50)=88 muM), and significantly reduces the fidelity of synthesome-mediated DNA replication.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	latexin	Homo sapiens	62-65
18615209-0	2008	Assembly of a two-dimensional oxalate-bridged heterometallic Co(II)(3)Cr(III)(2) coordination polymer.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	70-77	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	61-67
17701280-8	2008	The slow growth suggests that PTX1 passively grew on trace NAD(+) dissociated from the NAD(+)-Cr(III) complex, facilitating further dissociation of the complex and formation of Cr(III) precipitates.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	94-101	paired like homeodomain 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
19581122-1	2009	The coordination compounds of Cr(III), Mn(II) and Co(II) metal ions derived from quinquedentate 2,6-diacetylpyridine derivative have been synthesized and characterized by using the various physicochemical studies like stoichiometric, molar conductivity and magnetic, and spectral techniques like IR, NMR, mass, UV and EPR.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	30-37	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	50-56
18937446-8	2008	Entry to the corresponding Cr(III) chemistry is achieved by employing CrCl3 to access both[(L1)Cr(III)-THF] and [(L1re-1)Cr(III)-THF(Cl)], featuring the intact and the oxidatively rearranged ligands, respectively.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	27-34	LINE1 retrotransposable element 1	Homo sapiens	114-120
18452313-11	2008	Mapping the sequence specificity of Cr(III)-GA 2- and Cr(III)-EGA 2-DNA formation in the human p53 gene sequence by UvrABC nuclease cutting, we found that the sequence specificity for both adducts is the same but is much more selective than Cr(III)-guanine-DNA adducts.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	36-43	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	95-98
18452313-11	2008	Mapping the sequence specificity of Cr(III)-GA 2- and Cr(III)-EGA 2-DNA formation in the human p53 gene sequence by UvrABC nuclease cutting, we found that the sequence specificity for both adducts is the same but is much more selective than Cr(III)-guanine-DNA adducts.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	54-61	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	95-98
16251206-0	2006	Sequence specificity of Cr(III)-DNA adduct formation in the p53 gene: NGG sequences are preferential adduct-forming sites.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	24-31	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	60-63
18307976-4	2008	The Cr(III)-insulin complex formation has been characterised at two pHs, viz., 3.5 and 9.0 using UV-Vis and fluorescence studies.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	4-11	insulin	Homo sapiens	12-19
18307976-5	2008	The crystallographic analysis of Cr(III)-Salen soaked cubic insulin crystals, using anomalous difference Fourier method, revealed B21 Glu to be the binding site for chromium (III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	33-40	insulin	Homo sapiens	60-67
18486963-5	2008	This enhancement is attributed to the formation of complex compounds between EDTA/NaF and reaction products, such as Cr(III) and Fe(III), which eliminate the precipitates of Cr(III), Fe(III) hydroxides and Cr(x)Fe(1-)(x)(OH)(3) and thus reduce surface passivation of Fe(0).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	117-124	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	82-85
18486963-5	2008	This enhancement is attributed to the formation of complex compounds between EDTA/NaF and reaction products, such as Cr(III) and Fe(III), which eliminate the precipitates of Cr(III), Fe(III) hydroxides and Cr(x)Fe(1-)(x)(OH)(3) and thus reduce surface passivation of Fe(0).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	174-181	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	82-85
16981026-0	2006	Synthesis, structural characterization, and properties of chromium(III) complexes containing amidinato ligands and eta2-pyrazolato, eta(2)-1,2,4-triazolato, or eta1-tetrazolato ligands.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	58-71	DNA polymerase iota	Homo sapiens	115-119
16981026-0	2006	Synthesis, structural characterization, and properties of chromium(III) complexes containing amidinato ligands and eta2-pyrazolato, eta(2)-1,2,4-triazolato, or eta1-tetrazolato ligands.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	58-71	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
16251206-5	2006	We have found that the Escherichia coli nucleotide excision enzyme UvrABC nuclease is able to incise Cr(III)- and Cr(III)-histidine-modified plasmid DNA and the extent of incision is proportional to the amount of Cr(III)-DNA adducts in the plasmid.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	101-108	nuclease	Escherichia coli	74-82
16251206-5	2006	We have found that the Escherichia coli nucleotide excision enzyme UvrABC nuclease is able to incise Cr(III)- and Cr(III)-histidine-modified plasmid DNA and the extent of incision is proportional to the amount of Cr(III)-DNA adducts in the plasmid.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	114-121	nuclease	Escherichia coli	74-82
16251206-5	2006	We have found that the Escherichia coli nucleotide excision enzyme UvrABC nuclease is able to incise Cr(III)- and Cr(III)-histidine-modified plasmid DNA and the extent of incision is proportional to the amount of Cr(III)-DNA adducts in the plasmid.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	114-121	nuclease	Escherichia coli	74-82
16251206-7	2006	We have found that the sequence specificities of Cr(III)-DNA and Cr(III)-histidine-DNA adducts in the p53 gene sequence are identical and that both types of adducts are preferentially formed at -NGG- sequences, including codons 245, 248 and 249, the mutational hotspots in human lung cancer.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	49-56	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	102-105
16251206-7	2006	We have found that the sequence specificities of Cr(III)-DNA and Cr(III)-histidine-DNA adducts in the p53 gene sequence are identical and that both types of adducts are preferentially formed at -NGG- sequences, including codons 245, 248 and 249, the mutational hotspots in human lung cancer.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	65-72	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	102-105
16251206-9	2006	Therefore, these results suggest that Cr(III)-DNA adduct formation contributes to the p53 gene mutations in lung carcinogenesis.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	38-45	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	86-89
16553170-5	2006	At lower pH values (for example, pH 4), reduction to Cr(III) is assumed to contribute to the increasing removal as a function of decrease in pH.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	53-60	prolyl 4-hydroxylase, transmembrane	Homo sapiens	33-37
15323514-1	2004	Here we report the effects of dissolved metal complexes of Fe(III), Al(III), and Cr(III) on the step velocities of the [100] face of KH2PO4 (KDP) as observed with atomic force microscopy.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	81-88	WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	141-144
15924436-3	2005	Different chromium(III) compounds were effective at enhancing insulin receptor phosphorylation in intact cells, but did not directly activate recombinant insulin receptor kinase.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	10-23	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	62-78
15924436-3	2005	Different chromium(III) compounds were effective at enhancing insulin receptor phosphorylation in intact cells, but did not directly activate recombinant insulin receptor kinase.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	10-23	insulin	Homo sapiens	62-69
15476769-2	2004	Aqueous complexes of Al(III), Fe(III), and Cr(III) are known to affect KDP growth, albeit the actual step-pinning complex(es) is unknown.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	43-50	WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
15516746-2	2004	Over the acidic pH range, the coordination of Cr(III) ion to SA and its derivatives in 1 : 1 mole ratio occurs, CrL(+) type complex is formed.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	46-53	interleukin 31 receptor A	Homo sapiens	112-115
15516746-8	2004	The stabilities of SA complexes for V(IV), Cr(III) and Fe(III) ions that have similar ionic radii, increase in the order VOL<CrL(+)<FeL(+).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	43-50	interleukin 31 receptor A	Homo sapiens	128-131
15236516-0	2004	Spin crossover in a tetranuclear Cr(III)-Fe(III)(3) complex.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	33-40	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15149806-1	2004	A chromium(III) complex, transdiaqua [N, N"-propylenebis(salicylideneimino)chromium(III)]perchlorate ([Cr(salprn)(H2O)(2)]ClO(4)) in the presence of sodium azide and upon photoexcitation was found to bring about non-selective cleavage of bovine serum albumin (BSA).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	2-15	albumin	Homo sapiens	245-258
12488131-7	2002	Cr(III) treatment also increased the expression and activation of Src-family tyrosine kinases viz.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	66-69
15124906-0	2004	Caspase-3: its potential involvement in Cr(III)-induced apoptosis of lymphocytes.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	40-47	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	0-9
15124906-3	2004	Evidence for caspase-3 activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in lymphocytes exposed to Cr(III) complexes is revealed through Western blotting analysis.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	108-115	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	13-22
15124906-3	2004	Evidence for caspase-3 activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in lymphocytes exposed to Cr(III) complexes is revealed through Western blotting analysis.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	108-115	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	38-65
15124906-3	2004	Evidence for caspase-3 activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in lymphocytes exposed to Cr(III) complexes is revealed through Western blotting analysis.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	108-115	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
15124906-7	2004	p56lck, p59fyn and p53/56lyn are mediators of caspase-3 activation during Cr(III) exposure.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	74-81	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-6
15124906-7	2004	p56lck, p59fyn and p53/56lyn are mediators of caspase-3 activation during Cr(III) exposure.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	74-81	FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	8-14
15124906-7	2004	p56lck, p59fyn and p53/56lyn are mediators of caspase-3 activation during Cr(III) exposure.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	74-81	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	19-22
15124906-7	2004	p56lck, p59fyn and p53/56lyn are mediators of caspase-3 activation during Cr(III) exposure.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	74-81	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	46-55
15124906-8	2004	Collectively, our findings support a plausible mechanism in which Cr(III) mediates ROS generation that precedes the up-regulation of p56lck, p59fyn and p53/56lyn which eventually activates caspase-3 to promote apoptotic cell death of lymphocytes.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	66-73	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	133-139
15124906-8	2004	Collectively, our findings support a plausible mechanism in which Cr(III) mediates ROS generation that precedes the up-regulation of p56lck, p59fyn and p53/56lyn which eventually activates caspase-3 to promote apoptotic cell death of lymphocytes.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	66-73	FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	141-147
15124906-8	2004	Collectively, our findings support a plausible mechanism in which Cr(III) mediates ROS generation that precedes the up-regulation of p56lck, p59fyn and p53/56lyn which eventually activates caspase-3 to promote apoptotic cell death of lymphocytes.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	66-73	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	152-155
15124906-8	2004	Collectively, our findings support a plausible mechanism in which Cr(III) mediates ROS generation that precedes the up-regulation of p56lck, p59fyn and p53/56lyn which eventually activates caspase-3 to promote apoptotic cell death of lymphocytes.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	66-73	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	189-198
12819851-1	2003	The method developed in this work for the separation and preconcentration of Cr(III) is based on its retention by an Amberlite XAD-2 copolymer resin functionalized with 5-palmitoyl-8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine), abbreviated XAD-POx, with the ligand covalently bound to the copolymer.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	77-84	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	225-228
12953545-3	2003	The characteristic concentrations (pre-concentration time of 1 min) for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were 1.50 micrograms.L-1 and 1.39 micrograms.L-1, respectively, The relative standard deviations at 10 micrograms.L-1 level were 3.41% and 1.80%, and the corresponding detection limits (3 sigma) were 1.03 micrograms.L-1 and 0.54 microgram.L-1, respectively.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	72-79	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	112-115
12488131-11	2002	These results further indicate that Cr(III)-induced apoptosis is mediated through production of ROS, which in turn activates the Src-family tyrosine kinases.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	36-43	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	129-132
12502090-1	2002	Oxidation of Cr(III) during sonication in carbonated aqueous solutions saturated with CCl4 leads to the quantitative formation of Cr(VI) and provides a simple and rapid method for spectrophotometric chromium determination with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	13-20	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	86-90
11559066-9	2001	The reduction of Cr(VI) with excess alanine or Aib ligands resulted in the formation of tris-chelate Cr(III) complexes, which were analytically identical to complexes formed via Cr(III) synthesis methods.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	101-108	ANIB1	Homo sapiens	47-50
11896678-8	2002	The results revealed a strong inhibitory potential of Cu(II) [0.4], followed by Ni(II) [3.5] >or= Zn(II) [7.0] >> Cr(III) [73] > Cd(II) [98] >> Co(II) [432] [the numbers in brackets are IC(50) values, microM].	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	123-130	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	162-168
12208600-3	2002	The reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) results in the formation of reactive intermediates that together with oxidative stress oxidative tissue damage and a cascade of cellular events including modulation of apoptosis regulatory gene p53, contribute to the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr(VI)-containing compounds.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	27-34	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	229-232
12207254-5	2002	The positive effect caused by Ca(II) was exploited to increase the retention of Cr(III) species and to improve the slope by 70%.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	80-87	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	30-36
18968726-1	2002	A simple and sensitive method for the speciation, separation and preconcentration of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in tap water was developed.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	96-103	nuclear RNA export factor 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
11863455-6	2002	The yield of Cr(III)-DNA adducts was similar on dsDNA and AGT, ACT, or CT oligonucleotides and was strongly inhibited by Mg(2+), suggesting predominant coordination of Cr(III) to DNA phosphate oxygens.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	13-20	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	58-61
11559066-9	2001	The reduction of Cr(VI) with excess alanine or Aib ligands resulted in the formation of tris-chelate Cr(III) complexes, which were analytically identical to complexes formed via Cr(III) synthesis methods.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	178-185	ANIB1	Homo sapiens	47-50
10676486-5	1999	The concentrations of Cr in the subcellular fractions of pancreas, testes, and kidney in the normal rats are higher than those in the diabetic rats, which favor the hypothesis that Cr(III) plays its biological function via interaction with the insulin-sensitive tissues or enhancement of the sensitivity of the insulin receptor.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	181-188	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	311-327
12545499-1	2001	A method of analyzing chromium(III) oligomers in aqueous solution by means of TSK-Gel ion exchange analytical column and diode array detector was developed.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	22-35	tsukushi, small leucine rich proteoglycan	Homo sapiens	78-81
11561592-1	2001	The removal and recovery of chromium(III) (Cr3+) from aqueous solutions with a spheroidal cellulose adsorbent containing the carboxyl anionic group was investigated.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	28-41	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	43-46
10964362-2	2000	This counterion-dependent oxidation of allylic alcohols by Cr(III)(salen) complexes is rationalized in terms of Lewis acid catalysis by the complex A(Cl) and redox catalysis for A(TfO) and A(PF(6)()).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	59-66	sperm associated antigen 17	Homo sapiens	189-199
10620695-4	2000	Cr(III) significantly increased the fluidity of the spin labelled membranes, this being more pronounced for the erg(-)2 mutant.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	112-119
10350651-1	1999	Evidence for chromium(III) induced phosphorylation of a biomarker protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) is presented.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	13-26	albumin	Homo sapiens	81-94
10609294-4	1999	The primary reaction of organism on chromium (III) deficiency, is the lowered tolerance of glucose, which is the consequence of changes in insulin affinity to its receptors on cells.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	36-50	insulin	Homo sapiens	139-146
9760419-2	1998	The method is based on the pre-concentration of the Cr(III)-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) complex by adsorption at the potential of-1.00 V (vs. Ag/AgC1) in the presence of 10 x 10(-3) mol/L DTPA, 0.70 mol/L sodium nitrate, 0.04 mol/L sodium acetate and 1.0 x 10(-3) mol/L potassium permanganate at pH 5.9-6.0.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	52-59	aggrecan	Homo sapiens	159-163
9649318-4	1998	This study was done to understand how Cr(III), in the presence of physiological concentrations of magnesium, affects the kinetic parameters of steady-state DNA synthesis in vitro across site-specific O6-methylguanine (m6dG) residues by DNA polymerase beta (pol beta).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	38-45	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	236-255
9649318-4	1998	This study was done to understand how Cr(III), in the presence of physiological concentrations of magnesium, affects the kinetic parameters of steady-state DNA synthesis in vitro across site-specific O6-methylguanine (m6dG) residues by DNA polymerase beta (pol beta).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	38-45	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	257-265
9649318-8	1998	Both the enhanced activity and the mutagenic lesion bypass in the presence of Cr(III) may be associated with Cr(III)-dependent stimulation of pol beta binding to DNA as reported here.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	78-85	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	142-150
9649318-5	1998	Cr(III) binds to the short oligomer templates in a dose-dependent manner and stimulates the activity of pol beta.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	104-112
9649318-8	1998	Both the enhanced activity and the mutagenic lesion bypass in the presence of Cr(III) may be associated with Cr(III)-dependent stimulation of pol beta binding to DNA as reported here.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	109-116	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	142-150
9649318-6	1998	Cr(III) stimulates the mutagenic incorporation of dTTP opposite m6dG more than the nonmutagenic incorporation of dCTP, and thereby Cr(III) further decreases the fidelity of DNA synthesis across m6dG by pol beta.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-7	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	202-210
9649318-6	1998	Cr(III) stimulates the mutagenic incorporation of dTTP opposite m6dG more than the nonmutagenic incorporation of dCTP, and thereby Cr(III) further decreases the fidelity of DNA synthesis across m6dG by pol beta.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	131-138	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	202-210
18966063-7	1994	The method has been applied to the analysis of Cr(III) in tap water.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	47-54	nuclear RNA export factor 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
11670388-8	1998	These data are consistent with a simple Cr(III)-catechol formulation (S = (3)/(2)) in the case of [Cr(tren)(3,6-DTBCat)](PF(6)) and strong antiferromagnetic coupling ( J  > 350 cm(-)(1)) between the Cr(III) and the semiquinone radical in [Cr(tren)(3,6-DTBSQ)](PF(6))(2).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	40-47	sperm associated antigen 17	Homo sapiens	121-126
11670388-8	1998	These data are consistent with a simple Cr(III)-catechol formulation (S = (3)/(2)) in the case of [Cr(tren)(3,6-DTBCat)](PF(6)) and strong antiferromagnetic coupling ( J  > 350 cm(-)(1)) between the Cr(III) and the semiquinone radical in [Cr(tren)(3,6-DTBSQ)](PF(6))(2).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	40-47	sperm associated antigen 17	Homo sapiens	263-268
9056314-15	1997	It has been shown that similar mixed-cation hydroxide compounds can be synthesized when Mg(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), or Mn(II) is added to suspensions containing Al(III), Fe(III), and Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	187-194	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	104-110
7742794-7	1995	The results suggested that the in vitro protective effect of pretreatment with Cr(VI) was due to a rapid reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and the radical scavenger-like effect of the produced Cr(III) was the same effect as in vivo Cr(III); it therefore suggests that Cr(III) contributes to protective effect on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	191-198	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	310-314
7742794-7	1995	The results suggested that the in vitro protective effect of pretreatment with Cr(VI) was due to a rapid reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and the radical scavenger-like effect of the produced Cr(III) was the same effect as in vivo Cr(III); it therefore suggests that Cr(III) contributes to protective effect on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	191-198	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	310-314
7742794-7	1995	The results suggested that the in vitro protective effect of pretreatment with Cr(VI) was due to a rapid reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and the radical scavenger-like effect of the produced Cr(III) was the same effect as in vivo Cr(III); it therefore suggests that Cr(III) contributes to protective effect on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	191-198	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	310-314
2065671-6	1991	The bidentate complex Cr(III).ATP is a competitive inhibitor of ATP (Ki = 83 microM) and its binding to pyridoxal kinase (50 microM) complexed to pyridoxal oxime (50 microM) was monitored by static and dynamic fluorescence spectroscopy.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	22-29	pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens	104-120
1662710-2	1991	The lipid peroxidation in liver microsomes induced in vitro by CCl4 in the presence of NADPH was decreased by the preadministration of Cr(III) to mice.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	135-142	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	63-67
1662710-3	1991	The activity of NADPH-cytochrome C reductase, which presumably catalyzes the formation of .CCl3 from CCl4 in liver microsomes, was depressed by Cr(III) administration and kept at a level lower than that of the control group for at least 2 hr after CCl4 dosing.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	144-151	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3	Mus musculus	91-95
1662710-3	1991	The activity of NADPH-cytochrome C reductase, which presumably catalyzes the formation of .CCl3 from CCl4 in liver microsomes, was depressed by Cr(III) administration and kept at a level lower than that of the control group for at least 2 hr after CCl4 dosing.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	144-151	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	101-105
1662710-3	1991	The activity of NADPH-cytochrome C reductase, which presumably catalyzes the formation of .CCl3 from CCl4 in liver microsomes, was depressed by Cr(III) administration and kept at a level lower than that of the control group for at least 2 hr after CCl4 dosing.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	144-151	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	248-252
1662710-4	1991	Furthermore, the frequency of appearances of ESR signals of .CCl3 in the liver homogenate of mice 1 min after CCl4 administration was markedly decreased by Cr(III) preadministration, similarly to DL-alpha-tocopherol.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	156-163	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3	Mus musculus	61-65
1662710-4	1991	Furthermore, the frequency of appearances of ESR signals of .CCl3 in the liver homogenate of mice 1 min after CCl4 administration was markedly decreased by Cr(III) preadministration, similarly to DL-alpha-tocopherol.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	156-163	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	110-114
1662710-5	1991	These results suggest that Cr(III) preadministered to mice decreases the formation of .CCl3 from CCl4, an activating process of CCl4, in the liver, presumably by scavenging the radical.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	27-34	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3	Mus musculus	87-91
1662710-5	1991	These results suggest that Cr(III) preadministered to mice decreases the formation of .CCl3 from CCl4, an activating process of CCl4, in the liver, presumably by scavenging the radical.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	27-34	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	97-101
1662710-5	1991	These results suggest that Cr(III) preadministered to mice decreases the formation of .CCl3 from CCl4, an activating process of CCl4, in the liver, presumably by scavenging the radical.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	27-34	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	128-132
34186388-2	2021	Herein, we report on sub-30 nm SnS2 nanosheets (NSs) which can perform photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) quite efficiently on one hand, while removes large quantities of toxic organic dye molecules by choosing an adsorption mode of operation over photo-degradation on the other hand, unlike most other SnS2 nanostructures.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	109-116	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Homo sapiens	31-35
1648594-4	1991	Activities of serum GOT and GPT in mice were increased sharply by the administration of CCl4, but these elevations were depressed by Cr(III) preadministration.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	133-140	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	88-92
1648594-7	1991	These results suggest that Cr(III) preadministered to mice might act as a radical scavenger to CCl4 to form trichloromethyl radicals which are a major initial product of CCl4 in liver cells.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	27-34	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	95-99
1648594-7	1991	These results suggest that Cr(III) preadministered to mice might act as a radical scavenger to CCl4 to form trichloromethyl radicals which are a major initial product of CCl4 in liver cells.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	27-34	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	170-174
1965278-0	1990	Spin-trapping studies on the reactions of Cr(III) with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of biological reductants: is Cr(III) non-toxic?	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	42-49	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
1965278-0	1990	Spin-trapping studies on the reactions of Cr(III) with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of biological reductants: is Cr(III) non-toxic?	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	118-125	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18964957-4	1990	Foreign ions, such as Fe(II), Cr(III) and Mn(II), interfere when present in more than 10-fold ratio to Co(II), but several ions can be tolerated when present in higher ratios to Co(II).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	30-37	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	103-109
33770215-7	2021	A further null mutation sensitivity assay showed that the relative sensitivity of rad1  to the metals was Cr(III) > Cd(II) > Hg(II), and that of trx1  to the metals was Hg(II) > Cd(II) > Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	106-113	ssDNA endodeoxyribonuclease RAD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	82-86
33770215-7	2021	A further null mutation sensitivity assay showed that the relative sensitivity of rad1  to the metals was Cr(III) > Cd(II) > Hg(II), and that of trx1  to the metals was Hg(II) > Cd(II) > Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	187-194	ssDNA endodeoxyribonuclease RAD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	82-86
33770215-7	2021	A further null mutation sensitivity assay showed that the relative sensitivity of rad1  to the metals was Cr(III) > Cd(II) > Hg(II), and that of trx1  to the metals was Hg(II) > Cd(II) > Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	187-194	thioredoxin TRX1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	145-149
34984255-3	2021	AgNP/Eg-C3N4/CS nanocomposites showed a higher catalytic reduction activity for the conversion of Cr(VI) into Cr(III) with formic acid (FA) at 45  C when compared to bulk graphitic carbon nitride (Bg-C3N4, Eg-C3N4, CS, and Eg-C3N4/CS).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	110-117	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	13-15
34984255-7	2021	Further, the reusability of the Cr(III)-AgNP/Eg-C3N4/CS nanocomposite was also investigated for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation with various time intervals and it showed good degradation efficiency (alpha = 97.95%).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	32-39	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	53-55
34984255-8	2021	From these results, the AgNP/Eg-C3N4/CS nanocomposite demonstrated higher catalytic activity, improved environmental friendliness, lower cost for the conversion of toxic Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in solutions, and also good reusability.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	180-187	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	37-39
1648594-1	1991	Trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) preadministered intraperitoneally (5 mg Cr/kg body weight) to rats and mice protected these animals from acute lethal toxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	20-27	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	181-185
34736214-7	2022	Furthermore, a small quantity of Cr(VI) could be reduced to Cr(III) by BHAp, and Cr(III) could enter into the BHAp lattice for the exchange of Ca(II).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	60-67	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	143-149
34736214-7	2022	Furthermore, a small quantity of Cr(VI) could be reduced to Cr(III) by BHAp, and Cr(III) could enter into the BHAp lattice for the exchange of Ca(II).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	81-88	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	143-149
34465434-2	2021	They were applied to the flocculation removal of Cr(III), Co(II), and Pb(II).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	49-56	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	58-64
34333442-5	2021	In addition to the adsorption effect, the XPS results also showed that N-containing groups on the NCA surface reduce the adsorbed Cr(VI) to the less toxic Cr(III).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	155-162	CEA cell adhesion molecule 6	Homo sapiens	98-101
34364601-1	2021	A cellulose-g-poly-(acrylamide-co-sulfonic acid) polymeric bio-adsorbent (CASA) was prepared by grafting copolymerization, and used to adsorb Cr(III) from leather wastewater.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	142-149	casein alpha s1	Homo sapiens	74-78
34364601-3	2021	The adsorption experiments revealed that CASA presented excellent adsorption performance for Cr(III) (274.69 mg/g of max adsorption capacity) from high-salinity wastewater, which was much better than other reported adsorbents with different structures.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	93-100	casein alpha s1	Homo sapiens	41-45
34465434-2	2021	They were applied to the flocculation removal of Cr(III), Co(II), and Pb(II).	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	49-56	submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B	Homo sapiens	70-76
34315118-4	2021	However, the apo form of the peptide low-molecular-weight chromium-binding substance (LMWCr) can remove Cr(III) from Cr(III)2-Tf at neutral pH, albeit slowly, and LMWCr is known to be transported from cells after binding Cr(III), although the transporter is not known.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	104-111	transferrin	Homo sapiens	126-128
34572997-4	2021	Chromium (III) compounds, i.e., Cr(III)-tris-picolinate, (Cr(pic)3), known as chromium picolinate, are used as nutritional supplements for the control of diabetes, body weight, and muscular growth.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	0-14	periphilin 1	Mus musculus	58-66
35397461-3	2022	Herein, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) system was employed along with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation for simultaneously recovering Cr(III) and Cr(VI) from CS in the form of Na2CrO4.	tris(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) chloride	146-153	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	170-172