PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
29413517-5	2018	Other mitochondrial functions under TSPO control are considered to be steroidogenesis and tetrapyrrole metabolism.	Tetrapyrroles	90-102	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	36-40
28277971-3	2017	Diverse TSPO proteins appear to generally bind tetrapyrrole ligands.	Tetrapyrroles	47-59	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	8-12
28827456-0	2017	Thioredoxin and NADPH-Dependent Thioredoxin Reductase C Regulation of Tetrapyrrole Biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	70-82	thioredoxin H-type 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-11
28827456-0	2017	Thioredoxin and NADPH-Dependent Thioredoxin Reductase C Regulation of Tetrapyrrole Biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	70-82	NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-55
28827456-3	2017	In this study, we aimed to explore the potential functions of TRX m and NTRC in the regulation of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis (TBS) pathway.	Tetrapyrroles	102-114	thioredoxin H-type 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	62-65
28827456-3	2017	In this study, we aimed to explore the potential functions of TRX m and NTRC in the regulation of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis (TBS) pathway.	Tetrapyrroles	102-114	NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C	Arabidopsis thaliana	72-76
27966353-2	2017	Photoisomerization of the linear methine-bridged tetrapyrrole triggers transient proton translocation events in the chromophore binding pocket (CBP) leading to major conformational changes of the protein matrix that are in turn associated with signaling.	Tetrapyrroles	49-61	CREB binding protein	Homo sapiens	144-147
27966353-6	2017	This residue is not only responsible for the conformational heterogeneity of CBP in the Pr state of prokaryotic phytochromes, discussed extensively in the past, but it constitutes the sink and source of protons in the proton release/uptake mechanism involving the tetrapyrrole chromophore which finally leads to the formation of the Pfr state.	Tetrapyrroles	264-276	CREB binding protein	Homo sapiens	77-80
27783504-1	2016	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS), also known as 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase, is an essential enzyme in the biosynthesis of all tetrapyrroles, which function in respiration, photosynthesis, and methanogenesis.	Tetrapyrroles	128-141	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	0-24
27990801-2	2017	Characterized mammalian and proteobacterial TSPO homologues bind tetrapyrroles and cholesterol ligands.	Tetrapyrroles	65-78	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	44-48
27990801-5	2017	The longer cyanobacterial TSPO1 is found almost exclusively in filamentous cyanobacteria and has a relatively low degree of homology to bacterial and mammalian TSPO homologues with confirmed tetrapyrrole binding.	Tetrapyrroles	191-203	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	26-30
27990801-9	2017	Cyanobacterial TSPO1 from the oxygenic photosynthetic F. diplosiphon, thus, binds a range of tetrapyrroles of functional relevance with efficiencies similar to those of mammalian and proteobacterial homologues, but the level of cholesterol binding is greatly reduced compared to that of mammalian TSPO.	Tetrapyrroles	93-106	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	15-19
27783504-1	2016	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS), also known as 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase, is an essential enzyme in the biosynthesis of all tetrapyrroles, which function in respiration, photosynthesis, and methanogenesis.	Tetrapyrroles	128-141	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	26-30
26823545-4	2016	Genetic evidence suggests that the chloroplast protein GUN1 integrates signals derived from perturbations in plastid redox state, plastid gene expression, and tetrapyrrole biosynthesis (TPB) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings, exerting biogenic control of chloroplast functions.	Tetrapyrroles	159-171	s uncoupled 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	55-59
27688621-6	2016	Phosphorylated GUN4 has a reduced stimulatory effect on MgCh in vitro and in vivo but retains its protein stability and tetrapyrrole binding capacity.	Tetrapyrroles	120-132	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	15-19
27688621-11	2016	In conjunction with the dark repression of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthesis, GUN4 phosphorylation minimizes the flow of intermediates into the Mg branch of the tetrapyrrole metabolic pathway for chlorophyll biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	159-171	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-80
27846569-2	2016	The activity of MCR is dependent on the unique nickel-containing tetrapyrrole known as coenzyme F430.	Tetrapyrroles	65-77	coenzyme-B sulfoethylthiotransferase subunit beta	Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A	16-19
27207795-5	2016	These data define the first physiologically relevant function of BLVRB and implicate its activity and/or heme-regulated BV tetrapyrrole(s) in a unique redox-regulated bioenergetic pathway governing terminal megakaryocytopoiesis; these observations also define a mechanistically restricted drug target retaining potential for enhancing human platelet counts.	Tetrapyrroles	123-135	biliverdin reductase B	Homo sapiens	65-70
27551436-8	2016	Gene expression arrays revealed that the expression of three tetrapyrrole biosynthesis enzymes, ALAD, ALAS and PBGD, was impaired upon Albino RNA interference.	Tetrapyrroles	61-73	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	96-100
27551436-8	2016	Gene expression arrays revealed that the expression of three tetrapyrrole biosynthesis enzymes, ALAD, ALAS and PBGD, was impaired upon Albino RNA interference.	Tetrapyrroles	61-73	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	102-106
27551436-8	2016	Gene expression arrays revealed that the expression of three tetrapyrrole biosynthesis enzymes, ALAD, ALAS and PBGD, was impaired upon Albino RNA interference.	Tetrapyrroles	61-73	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	111-115
27271616-0	2016	Tetrapyrroles as Endogenous TSPO Ligands in Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes: Comparisons with Synthetic Ligands.	Tetrapyrroles	0-13	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	28-32
27271616-4	2016	Tetrapyrroles present endogenous ligands for the TSPO.	Tetrapyrroles	0-13	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	49-53
27271616-7	2016	In animals TSPO-tetrapyrrole interactions range from effects on embryonic development to metabolism, programmed cell death, response to stress, injury and disease, and even to life span extension.	Tetrapyrroles	16-28	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	11-15
27271616-12	2016	TSPO-tetrapyrrole interactions in plants appear to relate to development as well as stress conditions, including salt tolerance, abscisic acid-induced stress, reactive oxygen species homeostasis, and finally cell death regulation.	Tetrapyrroles	5-17	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	0-4
27271616-15	2016	TSPO-tetrapyrrole interactions may be part of the establishment of the bacterial-eukaryote relationships, i.e., mitochondrial-eukaryote and plastid-plant endosymbiotic relationships.	Tetrapyrroles	5-17	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	0-4
26809558-4	2016	In the present report, the possible functions of both isoforms were analyzed in C. reinhardtii Knockout of the CHLI1 gene resulted in complete loss of MgCh activity, absence of chlorophyll, acute light sensitivity, and, as a consequence, down-regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes.	Tetrapyrroles	257-269	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	111-116
27209522-1	2016	SOUL homologs constitute a heme-binding protein superfamily putatively involved in heme and tetrapyrrole metabolisms associated with a number of physiological processes.	Tetrapyrroles	92-104	heme binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
27208227-4	2016	The plastid signal triggered by tetrapyrrole accumulation inhibits the activity of cytosolic HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN90 and, as a consequence, the maturation and stability of the clock component ZEITLUPE (ZTL).	Tetrapyrroles	32-44	Galactose oxidase/kelch repeat superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	189-197
27208227-4	2016	The plastid signal triggered by tetrapyrrole accumulation inhibits the activity of cytosolic HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN90 and, as a consequence, the maturation and stability of the clock component ZEITLUPE (ZTL).	Tetrapyrroles	32-44	Galactose oxidase/kelch repeat superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	199-202
26976106-6	2016	Here, we characterized the properties of a cationic tetrapyrrole [Fe(III)-TMPyP], which was previously shown to bind PrP(C), and inhibit the replication of a mouse prion strain.	Tetrapyrroles	52-64	prion protein	Mus musculus	117-123
26759408-3	2016	Several enzymes of the plant tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway have been identified to be redox regulated by thioredoxins (TRXs) and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC).	Tetrapyrroles	29-41	NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C	Arabidopsis thaliana	133-172
25922058-6	2015	In N-deficient conditions, global changes in expression levels of N deficiency-responsive genes in N assimilation and tetrapyrrole metabolism were noted between tar1-1 and wild-type cells.	Tetrapyrroles	118-130	Tar1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	161-167
26627829-3	2016	In bacteria, TSPO was identified to regulate tetrapyrrole metabolism and chemical catalysis of PPIX in the presence of light, and in vertebrates, TSPO function has been linked to porphyrin transport and heme biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	45-57	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	13-17
24792517-9	2014	The presented data suggest that TSPO might contribute to protect cells from potential toxic compounds such as free tetrapyrroles, candidating this receptor as a survival receptor protein.	Tetrapyrroles	115-128	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	32-36
24753615-3	2014	A recently identified GluTR regulator, GluTR binding protein (GluBP), has been shown to spatially organize tetrapyrrole synthesis by distributing GluTR into different suborganellar locations.	Tetrapyrroles	107-119	proton gradient regulation 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	39-60
24753615-3	2014	A recently identified GluTR regulator, GluTR binding protein (GluBP), has been shown to spatially organize tetrapyrrole synthesis by distributing GluTR into different suborganellar locations.	Tetrapyrroles	107-119	proton gradient regulation 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	62-67
24718369-9	2014	The results showed that upregulated genes were mainly involved in protein binding, small molecule binding, transferase activity, nucleic acid binding, specific DNA-binding transcription factor activity and chromatin binding, while exclusively down-expressed genes functioned in oxidoreductase activity, cofactor binding, tetrapyrrole binding, peroxidase activity and pigment binding.	Tetrapyrroles	321-333	protein PFC0760c	Bombyx mori	343-353
24449654-1	2014	Arabidopsis HEMA1 and HEMA2 encode glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR) 1 and 2, the two isoforms of the initial enzyme of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	118-130	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	12-17
24449654-1	2014	Arabidopsis HEMA1 and HEMA2 encode glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR) 1 and 2, the two isoforms of the initial enzyme of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	118-130	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	22-27
23901085-3	2013	We studied the antiviral actions of tetrapyrroles and their potential influence on type I IFN induction.	Tetrapyrroles	36-49	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	90-93
24497494-0	2014	Tetrapyrrole biosynthetic enzyme protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase 1 is required for plastid RNA editing.	Tetrapyrroles	0-12	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-64
24497494-5	2014	Here, we report that protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase 1 (PPO1), an enzyme that catalyzes protoporphyrinogen IX into protoporphyrin IX in the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, plays an unexpected role in editing multiple sites of plastid RNA transcripts, most of which encode subunits of the NADH dehydrogenase-like complex (NDH), in the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana.	Tetrapyrroles	138-150	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	21-52
24497494-5	2014	Here, we report that protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase 1 (PPO1), an enzyme that catalyzes protoporphyrinogen IX into protoporphyrin IX in the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, plays an unexpected role in editing multiple sites of plastid RNA transcripts, most of which encode subunits of the NADH dehydrogenase-like complex (NDH), in the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana.	Tetrapyrroles	138-150	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	54-58
24497494-8	2014	However, transgenic plants lacking key domains for the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic activity of PPO1 exhibit normal RNA editing.	Tetrapyrroles	55-67	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	93-97
24497494-10	2014	These results reveal that the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic enzyme PPO1 is required for plastid RNA editing, acting as a regulator that promotes the stability of MORF proteins through physical interaction.	Tetrapyrroles	30-42	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	63-67
23901085-8	2013	CONCLUSIONS: Tetrapyrroles do not directly induce IFN, but they dramatically restore type I IFN signaling pathway after attenuation with NS3/4A protease.	Tetrapyrroles	13-26	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	92-95
23624237-6	2013	In silico analysis, molecular docking model indicated that a tetrapyrrole macrocycle and two propionate chains within PPIX are necessary for the binding to the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding pocket of HSP90.	Tetrapyrroles	61-73	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	207-212
23888164-6	2013	A sophisticated response comprising the down-regulation of HEMA1 and NYC1, which catalyze the first committed step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and the conversion of Chl b to Chl a at the commencement of Chl breakdown, respectively, and the up-regulation of CGLD27, which is conserved in plastid-containing organisms and putatively involved in xanthophyll biosynthesis, indicates a carefully orchestrated balance of potentially toxic tetrapyrrole intermediates and functional end products to avoid photo-oxidative damage.	Tetrapyrroles	118-130	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	59-64
23888164-6	2013	A sophisticated response comprising the down-regulation of HEMA1 and NYC1, which catalyze the first committed step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and the conversion of Chl b to Chl a at the commencement of Chl breakdown, respectively, and the up-regulation of CGLD27, which is conserved in plastid-containing organisms and putatively involved in xanthophyll biosynthesis, indicates a carefully orchestrated balance of potentially toxic tetrapyrrole intermediates and functional end products to avoid photo-oxidative damage.	Tetrapyrroles	118-130	NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	69-73
23888164-6	2013	A sophisticated response comprising the down-regulation of HEMA1 and NYC1, which catalyze the first committed step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and the conversion of Chl b to Chl a at the commencement of Chl breakdown, respectively, and the up-regulation of CGLD27, which is conserved in plastid-containing organisms and putatively involved in xanthophyll biosynthesis, indicates a carefully orchestrated balance of potentially toxic tetrapyrrole intermediates and functional end products to avoid photo-oxidative damage.	Tetrapyrroles	118-130	DUF1230 family protein (DUF1230)	Arabidopsis thaliana	258-264
23888164-6	2013	A sophisticated response comprising the down-regulation of HEMA1 and NYC1, which catalyze the first committed step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and the conversion of Chl b to Chl a at the commencement of Chl breakdown, respectively, and the up-regulation of CGLD27, which is conserved in plastid-containing organisms and putatively involved in xanthophyll biosynthesis, indicates a carefully orchestrated balance of potentially toxic tetrapyrrole intermediates and functional end products to avoid photo-oxidative damage.	Tetrapyrroles	434-446	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	59-64
23888164-6	2013	A sophisticated response comprising the down-regulation of HEMA1 and NYC1, which catalyze the first committed step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and the conversion of Chl b to Chl a at the commencement of Chl breakdown, respectively, and the up-regulation of CGLD27, which is conserved in plastid-containing organisms and putatively involved in xanthophyll biosynthesis, indicates a carefully orchestrated balance of potentially toxic tetrapyrrole intermediates and functional end products to avoid photo-oxidative damage.	Tetrapyrroles	434-446	NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	69-73
23624237-8	2013	Our results show that a tetrapyrrole macrocycle and two attached propionate chains in PPIX coordinately interact with the ATP-binding pocket of HSP90, offering structural information on the inhibitory effect of porphyrins on angiogenesis.	Tetrapyrroles	24-36	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	144-149
22537876-1	2012	delta-aminolevulinate (ALA) is an important intermediate involved in tetrapyrrole synthesis (precursor for vitamin B12, chlorophyll and heme) in vivo.	Tetrapyrroles	69-81	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B3	Homo sapiens	115-118
23462936-5	2013	We identified the affected gene by map-based cloning and found that the gene encodes a coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, a key enzyme in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, previously known as LESION INITIATION 2 (LIN2).	Tetrapyrroles	139-151	Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	87-117
23462936-5	2013	We identified the affected gene by map-based cloning and found that the gene encodes a coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, a key enzyme in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, previously known as LESION INITIATION 2 (LIN2).	Tetrapyrroles	139-151	Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	194-213
23462936-5	2013	We identified the affected gene by map-based cloning and found that the gene encodes a coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, a key enzyme in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, previously known as LESION INITIATION 2 (LIN2).	Tetrapyrroles	139-151	Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	215-219
23569108-0	2013	Posttranslational influence of NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C on enzymes in tetrapyrrole synthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	85-97	NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C	Arabidopsis thaliana	31-70
23569108-4	2013	Reexamination of tetrapyrrole intermediate levels of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) knockout ntrc reveals lower magnesium protoporphyrin IX (MgP) and MgPMME steady-state levels, the substrate and the product of MgP methyltransferase (CHLM) preceding MgPMME cyclase, while MgP strongly accumulates in mutant leaves after 5-aminolevulinic acid feeding.	Tetrapyrroles	17-29	NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C	Arabidopsis thaliana	101-105
23569108-10	2013	It is hypothesized that a deficiency of NTRC leads to a lower capacity to reduce cysteine residues of GluTR1 and CHLM, affecting the stability and, thereby, altering the activity in the entire tetrapyrrole synthesis pathway.	Tetrapyrroles	193-205	NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C	Arabidopsis thaliana	40-44
23569108-10	2013	It is hypothesized that a deficiency of NTRC leads to a lower capacity to reduce cysteine residues of GluTR1 and CHLM, affecting the stability and, thereby, altering the activity in the entire tetrapyrrole synthesis pathway.	Tetrapyrroles	193-205	magnesium-protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase	Arabidopsis thaliana	113-117
23519422-1	2013	The enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD; hydroxymethylbilane synthase; EC 2.5.1.61) catalyses a key early step of the haem- and chlorophyll-biosynthesis pathways in which four molecules of the monopyrrole porphobilinogen are condensed to form a linear tetrapyrrole.	Tetrapyrroles	255-267	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	11-36
23519422-1	2013	The enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD; hydroxymethylbilane synthase; EC 2.5.1.61) catalyses a key early step of the haem- and chlorophyll-biosynthesis pathways in which four molecules of the monopyrrole porphobilinogen are condensed to form a linear tetrapyrrole.	Tetrapyrroles	255-267	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	38-42
23555952-0	2013	PAPP5 is involved in the tetrapyrrole mediated plastid signalling during chloroplast development.	Tetrapyrroles	25-37	protein phosphatase 5.2	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-5
23555952-6	2013	In order to elucidate if there is a biological link between PAPP5 and the tetrapyrrole mediated signal we generated double mutants between the Arabidopsis papp5 and the crd mutants.	Tetrapyrroles	74-86	protein phosphatase 5.2	Arabidopsis thaliana	60-65
23555952-10	2013	Tetrapyrrole feeding experiments showed that PAPP5 is required to respond correctly to accumulation of tetrapyrroles in the cell and that PAPP5 is most likely a component in the plastid signalling pathway down stream of the tetrapyrrole Mg-ProtoIX/Mg-ProtoIX-ME.	Tetrapyrroles	103-116	protein phosphatase 5.2	Arabidopsis thaliana	45-50
23555952-10	2013	Tetrapyrrole feeding experiments showed that PAPP5 is required to respond correctly to accumulation of tetrapyrroles in the cell and that PAPP5 is most likely a component in the plastid signalling pathway down stream of the tetrapyrrole Mg-ProtoIX/Mg-ProtoIX-ME.	Tetrapyrroles	103-115	protein phosphatase 5.2	Arabidopsis thaliana	45-50
23555952-12	2013	Thus, our results suggest that PAPP5 receives an inbalance in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis through the accumulation of Mg-ProtoIX and acts as a negative regulator of PhANG expression during chloroplast biogenesis and development.	Tetrapyrroles	66-78	protein phosphatase 5.2	Arabidopsis thaliana	31-36
23308205-8	2013	We identified the RUG1 gene by map-based cloning and found that it encodes porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), also known as hydroxymethylbilane synthase, an enzyme of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, which produces chlorophyll, heme, siroheme and phytochromobilin in plants.	Tetrapyrroles	170-182	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	18-22
23308205-8	2013	We identified the RUG1 gene by map-based cloning and found that it encodes porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), also known as hydroxymethylbilane synthase, an enzyme of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, which produces chlorophyll, heme, siroheme and phytochromobilin in plants.	Tetrapyrroles	170-182	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	75-100
23308205-8	2013	We identified the RUG1 gene by map-based cloning and found that it encodes porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), also known as hydroxymethylbilane synthase, an enzyme of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, which produces chlorophyll, heme, siroheme and phytochromobilin in plants.	Tetrapyrroles	170-182	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	102-106
23308205-8	2013	We identified the RUG1 gene by map-based cloning and found that it encodes porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), also known as hydroxymethylbilane synthase, an enzyme of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, which produces chlorophyll, heme, siroheme and phytochromobilin in plants.	Tetrapyrroles	170-182	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	123-151
23192030-0	2012	Crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization of the tetrapyrrole-biosynthetic enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase from Arabidopsis thaliana.	Tetrapyrroles	62-74	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	95-120
23192030-1	2012	The enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD; hydroxymethylbilane synthase; EC 2.5.1.61) catalyses a key early step of the haem-biosynthesis pathway in which four molecules of the monopyrrole porphobilinogen are condensed to form a linear tetrapyrrole.	Tetrapyrroles	237-249	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	11-36
23192030-1	2012	The enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD; hydroxymethylbilane synthase; EC 2.5.1.61) catalyses a key early step of the haem-biosynthesis pathway in which four molecules of the monopyrrole porphobilinogen are condensed to form a linear tetrapyrrole.	Tetrapyrroles	237-249	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	38-42
22767629-1	2012	GUN4 is a regulatory subunit of Mg-chelatase involved in the control of tetrapyrrole synthesis in plants and cyanobacteria.	Tetrapyrroles	72-84	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	0-4
21689410-0	2011	The Arabidopsis translocator protein (AtTSPO) is regulated at multiple levels in response to salt stress and perturbations in tetrapyrrole metabolism.	Tetrapyrroles	126-138	TSPO(outer membrane tryptophan-rich sensory protein)-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	38-44
22201048-6	2012	Our work reveals that HSP90 proteins respond to the tetrapyrrole-mediated plastid signal to control expression of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes (PhANG) during the response to oxidative stress.	Tetrapyrroles	52-64	Hsp90 family chaperone HSP82	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-27
22201048-8	2012	These findings suggest that a regulatory complex controlling gene expression that includes HSP90 proteins and a transcription factor that is modified by tetrapyrroles in response to changes in the environment is evolutionarily conserved between yeast and plants.	Tetrapyrroles	153-166	Hsp90 family chaperone HSP82	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	91-96
22040291-11	2012	Therefore, we propose that SCO2 is involved in the integration of LHCB1 proteins into the thylakoids that feeds back on the regulation of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway and nuclear gene expression.	Tetrapyrroles	142-154	protein disulfide isomerase	Arabidopsis thaliana	27-31
22081402-4	2012	rfd1 and rfd2 had genetic lesions in RIBA1 and FLU encoding the dual-functional protein GTP cyclohydrolase II/3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase and a negative regulator of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	184-196	GTP cyclohydrolase II	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
22081402-4	2012	rfd1 and rfd2 had genetic lesions in RIBA1 and FLU encoding the dual-functional protein GTP cyclohydrolase II/3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase and a negative regulator of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	184-196	GTP cyclohydrolase II	Arabidopsis thaliana	88-109
21852759-8	2011	Our recent work aiming at understanding the function and regulation of At-TSPO yielded exciting insights into the interplay among a stress-regulated protein, ABA responses, tetrapyrrole biosynthesis/scavenging, and autophagy.	Tetrapyrroles	173-185	TSPO(outer membrane tryptophan-rich sensory protein)-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	74-78
21272955-3	2011	Induced inactivation of the HEMA1 gene encoding GluTR by RNAi expression in tobacco resulted in a reduced activity of Mg chelatase and Fe chelatase indicating a feed-forward regulatory mechanism that links ALA synthesis posttranslationally with late enzymes of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis (Hedtke et al., 2007).	Tetrapyrroles	261-273	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	28-33
21272955-3	2011	Induced inactivation of the HEMA1 gene encoding GluTR by RNAi expression in tobacco resulted in a reduced activity of Mg chelatase and Fe chelatase indicating a feed-forward regulatory mechanism that links ALA synthesis posttranslationally with late enzymes of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis (Hedtke et al., 2007).	Tetrapyrroles	261-273	glutamyl-tRNA reductase 1, chloroplastic-like	Nicotiana tabacum	48-53
21689410-10	2011	Mutations in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis genes and the application of chlorophyll or carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitors also affect AtTSPO expression.	Tetrapyrroles	13-25	TSPO(outer membrane tryptophan-rich sensory protein)-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	130-136
21689410-13	2011	In addition, our results show that AtTSPO is regulated at the transcriptional level in tetrapyrrole biosynthetic mutants.	Tetrapyrroles	87-99	TSPO(outer membrane tryptophan-rich sensory protein)-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	35-41
21689410-14	2011	Thus, we propose that AtTSPO may play a role in transporting tetrapyrrole intermediates during salt stress and other conditions in which tetrapyrrole metabolism is compromised.	Tetrapyrroles	61-73	TSPO(outer membrane tryptophan-rich sensory protein)-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	22-28
21689410-14	2011	Thus, we propose that AtTSPO may play a role in transporting tetrapyrrole intermediates during salt stress and other conditions in which tetrapyrrole metabolism is compromised.	Tetrapyrroles	137-149	TSPO(outer membrane tryptophan-rich sensory protein)-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	22-28
20800521-0	2010	Tetrapyrrole binding affinity of the murine and human p22HBP heme-binding proteins.	Tetrapyrroles	0-12	heme binding protein 1	Mus musculus	54-60
21148414-3	2011	Feeding the two tetrapyrroles to Chlamydomonas cultures was previously shown to transiently induce five nuclear genes, three of which encode the heat shock proteins HSP70A, HSP70B, and HSP70E.	Tetrapyrroles	16-29	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	165-171
21148414-3	2011	Feeding the two tetrapyrroles to Chlamydomonas cultures was previously shown to transiently induce five nuclear genes, three of which encode the heat shock proteins HSP70A, HSP70B, and HSP70E.	Tetrapyrroles	16-29	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	173-179
21148414-3	2011	Feeding the two tetrapyrroles to Chlamydomonas cultures was previously shown to transiently induce five nuclear genes, three of which encode the heat shock proteins HSP70A, HSP70B, and HSP70E.	Tetrapyrroles	16-29	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	185-191
21317376-2	2011	This work finds that boosting tetrapyrrole biosynthesis enhanced TSPO degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana and that TSPO could bind heme in vitro and in vivo.	Tetrapyrroles	30-42	TSPO(outer membrane tryptophan-rich sensory protein)-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	65-69
21317376-2	2011	This work finds that boosting tetrapyrrole biosynthesis enhanced TSPO degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana and that TSPO could bind heme in vitro and in vivo.	Tetrapyrroles	30-42	TSPO(outer membrane tryptophan-rich sensory protein)-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	115-119
20104923-2	2010	The Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes were chosen to investigate the impact of the half-filled d orbitals on the photophysical properties of the tetrapyrrole macrocycle.	Tetrapyrroles	139-151	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	15-21
20800521-1	2010	We present the first systematic molecular modeling study of the binding properties of murine (mHBP) and human (hHBP) p22HBP protein (heme-binding protein) with four tetrapyrrole ring systems belonging to the heme biosynthetic pathway: iron protoporphyrin IX (HEMIN), protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), coproporphyrin III (CPIII), coproporphyrin I (CPI).	Tetrapyrroles	165-177	heme binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	117-123
20800521-2	2010	The relative binding affinities predicted by our computational study were found to be similar to those observed experimentally, providing a first rational structural analysis of the molecular recognition mechanism, by p22HBP, toward a number of different tetrapyrrole ligands.	Tetrapyrroles	255-267	heme binding protein 1	Mus musculus	218-224
20586291-1	2010	It is proven that retrograde tetrapyrrole-induced plastid signals, light signals, and signals induced by hormones and carbohydrates influence expression of nuclear genes of plastid stress proteins ELIP in Arabidopsis thaliana L. Plastid signals differently regulated expression of genes from multigene family of photosynthesis proteins (ELIP and Lhcb2) and were modulated by light.	Tetrapyrroles	29-41	photosystem II light harvesting complex protein 2.3	Arabidopsis thaliana	346-351
19330323-3	2009	We show that these tetrapyrroles" affinity for bovine serum albumin (BSA) and their localization in the binding site are also modulated by chain lengths.	Tetrapyrroles	19-32	albumin	Homo sapiens	54-67
20049866-3	2010	Trx-mediated redox control appears to be a common feature of important pathways, such as the Calvin cycle, starch synthesis and tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	128-140	thioredoxin H-type 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-3
19860740-14	2010	A possible function of HO2 in the regulation of tetrapyrrole metabolism is discussed.	Tetrapyrroles	48-60	heme oxygenase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	23-26
19812033-1	2009	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) catalyzes the first common step in tetrapyrrole (e.g. heme, chlorophyll) biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	67-79	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	0-24
19812033-1	2009	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) catalyzes the first common step in tetrapyrrole (e.g. heme, chlorophyll) biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	67-79	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	26-30
19560444-8	2009	While these studies do not provide direct evidence, they do support the assumption that tetrapyrroles are transported by OATP1B1.	Tetrapyrroles	88-101	solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens	121-128
19614742-0	2009	The use of synthetic linear tetrapyrroles to probe the verdin sites of human biliverdin-IXalpha reductase and human biliverdin-IXbeta reductase.	Tetrapyrroles	28-41	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	77-105
19614742-0	2009	The use of synthetic linear tetrapyrroles to probe the verdin sites of human biliverdin-IXalpha reductase and human biliverdin-IXbeta reductase.	Tetrapyrroles	28-41	biliverdin reductase B	Homo sapiens	116-143
19374909-4	2009	RCCR appears to be evolutionarily related to the ferredoxin-dependent bilin reductase (FDBR) family, which synthesizes a variety of phytobilin pigments, on the basis of sequence similarity, ferredoxin dependency, and the common tetrapyrrole skeleton of their substrates.	Tetrapyrroles	228-240	accelerated cell death 2 (ACD2)	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
19380736-5	2009	Transfer of 4-d-old dark-grown seedlings to white light resulted in more chlorophyll synthesis in pif mutants over the first 2 h, and analysis of gene expression in dark-grown pif mutants indicated that key tetrapyrrole regulatory genes such as HEMA1 encoding the rate-limiting step in tetrapyrrole synthesis were already elevated 2 d after germination.	Tetrapyrroles	207-219	PIF1 5'-to-3' DNA helicase	Homo sapiens	98-101
19380736-5	2009	Transfer of 4-d-old dark-grown seedlings to white light resulted in more chlorophyll synthesis in pif mutants over the first 2 h, and analysis of gene expression in dark-grown pif mutants indicated that key tetrapyrrole regulatory genes such as HEMA1 encoding the rate-limiting step in tetrapyrrole synthesis were already elevated 2 d after germination.	Tetrapyrroles	207-219	PIF1 5'-to-3' DNA helicase	Homo sapiens	176-179
19021769-2	2008	Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) and uroporphyrinogen III synthase (UROS) catalyze two consecutive reactions in the heme biosynthetic pathway, generating the first linear and the first cyclic tetrapyrroles, respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	195-208	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	0-28
19021769-2	2008	Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) and uroporphyrinogen III synthase (UROS) catalyze two consecutive reactions in the heme biosynthetic pathway, generating the first linear and the first cyclic tetrapyrroles, respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	195-208	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	30-34
19021769-2	2008	Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) and uroporphyrinogen III synthase (UROS) catalyze two consecutive reactions in the heme biosynthetic pathway, generating the first linear and the first cyclic tetrapyrroles, respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	195-208	uroporphyrinogen III synthase	Homo sapiens	40-69
19021769-2	2008	Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) and uroporphyrinogen III synthase (UROS) catalyze two consecutive reactions in the heme biosynthetic pathway, generating the first linear and the first cyclic tetrapyrroles, respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	195-208	uroporphyrinogen III synthase	Homo sapiens	71-75
18689483-1	2008	Part of the oxygen responsiveness of Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 tetrapyrrole production involves changes in transcription of the hemA gene, which codes for one of two isoenzymes catalyzing 5-aminolevulinic acid synthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	67-79	5-aminolevulinate synthase	Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1	132-136
18846279-4	2008	They are characterized by the presence of a chromophore-binding GAF domain that is homologous to the tetrapyrrole-binding GAF domain of the phytochrome.	Tetrapyrroles	101-113	fibroblast growth factor 9	Homo sapiens	64-67
18846279-4	2008	They are characterized by the presence of a chromophore-binding GAF domain that is homologous to the tetrapyrrole-binding GAF domain of the phytochrome.	Tetrapyrroles	101-113	fibroblast growth factor 9	Homo sapiens	122-125
18437505-14	2008	The transgenic phenotype is the consequence of a highly modified tetrapyrrole metabolism due to additional expression of human PPO.	Tetrapyrroles	65-77	protoporphyrinogen oxidase	Homo sapiens	127-130
17416636-0	2007	Induction of isoforms of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic enzymes, AtHEMA2 and AtFC1, under stress conditions and their physiological functions in Arabidopsis.	Tetrapyrroles	25-37	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	60-67
18042043-0	2008	Identification and characterization of the Arabidopsis gene encoding the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis enzyme uroporphyrinogen III synthase.	Tetrapyrroles	73-85	uroporphyrinogen-III synthase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	106-135
17571216-1	2007	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR) is encoded by HEMA in higher plants and catalyzes in plastids the initial enzymatic step of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis eventually leading to heme and chlorophyll.	Tetrapyrroles	124-136	glutamyl-tRNA reductase 1, chloroplastic-like	Nicotiana tabacum	46-50
17416636-0	2007	Induction of isoforms of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic enzymes, AtHEMA2 and AtFC1, under stress conditions and their physiological functions in Arabidopsis.	Tetrapyrroles	25-37	serine/threonine-protein kinase AFC1	Arabidopsis thaliana	72-77
17416636-1	2007	In the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, isoforms of glutamyl-tRNA reductase (HEMA2) and ferrochelatase1 (FC1) are mainly expressed in nonphotosynthetic tissues.	Tetrapyrroles	7-19	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	79-84
17416636-1	2007	In the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, isoforms of glutamyl-tRNA reductase (HEMA2) and ferrochelatase1 (FC1) are mainly expressed in nonphotosynthetic tissues.	Tetrapyrroles	7-19	ferrochelatase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	90-105
17416636-1	2007	In the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, isoforms of glutamyl-tRNA reductase (HEMA2) and ferrochelatase1 (FC1) are mainly expressed in nonphotosynthetic tissues.	Tetrapyrroles	7-19	ferrochelatase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	107-110
17416636-11	2007	These results suggest the existence of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway controlled by AtHEMA2 and AtFC1, which normally functions for heme biosynthesis in nonphotosynthetic tissues, but is induced in photosynthetic tissues under oxidative conditions to supply heme for defensive hemoproteins outside plastids.	Tetrapyrroles	43-55	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	91-98
17416636-11	2007	These results suggest the existence of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway controlled by AtHEMA2 and AtFC1, which normally functions for heme biosynthesis in nonphotosynthetic tissues, but is induced in photosynthetic tissues under oxidative conditions to supply heme for defensive hemoproteins outside plastids.	Tetrapyrroles	43-55	serine/threonine-protein kinase AFC1	Arabidopsis thaliana	103-108
16905545-7	2006	In an attempt to assess the structural basis for tetrapyrrole binding in the SOUL/HBP family, models for the p22HBP-protoporphyrin-IX complex and the SOUL protein were generated by manual docking and automated methods.	Tetrapyrroles	49-61	heme binding protein 2	Mus musculus	77-81
17122346-1	2007	Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROD) is a branch point enzyme in the biosynthesis of the tetrapyrroles.	Tetrapyrroles	90-103	uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	32-36
17168567-4	2006	The identification of ABCB6 (ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B, member 6) and future studies aimed at precisely delineating the mechanism and the physiological nature of its ligand(s) will further enhance our current understanding of the intracellular movement of tetrapyrroles in eukaryotes.	Tetrapyrroles	264-277	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (Langereis blood group)	Homo sapiens	22-27
16905545-7	2006	In an attempt to assess the structural basis for tetrapyrrole binding in the SOUL/HBP family, models for the p22HBP-protoporphyrin-IX complex and the SOUL protein were generated by manual docking and automated methods.	Tetrapyrroles	49-61	heme binding protein 1	Mus musculus	109-115
16905545-7	2006	In an attempt to assess the structural basis for tetrapyrrole binding in the SOUL/HBP family, models for the p22HBP-protoporphyrin-IX complex and the SOUL protein were generated by manual docking and automated methods.	Tetrapyrroles	49-61	heme binding protein 2	Mus musculus	150-154
16814742-0	2006	Myoglobin with modified tetrapyrrole chromophores: binding specificity and photochemistry.	Tetrapyrroles	24-36	myoglobin	Equus caballus	0-9
16814742-1	2006	Complexes were prepared of horse heart myoglobin with derivatives of (bacterio)chlorophylls and the linear tetrapyrrole, phycocyanobilin.	Tetrapyrroles	107-119	myoglobin	Equus caballus	39-48
16971458-3	2006	In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, it was suggested that this tetrapyrrole mediates the light induction of chaperone gene HSP70A.	Tetrapyrroles	57-69	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	117-123
16244444-4	2005	I present genetic and physiological data to show that tetrapyrrole metobolism is necessary for lesion formation in len1 plants.	Tetrapyrroles	54-66	chaperonin 60 beta	Arabidopsis thaliana	115-119
16244444-6	2005	lesion initiation 2 (lin2) is another lesion mimic mutant with a defect in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	75-87	Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	21-25
16244444-7	2005	Suppression of lesion formation in len1 plants was also observed when they were crossed with the mutants that had defects in other steps in tetrapyrrole metabolism.	Tetrapyrroles	140-152	chaperonin 60 beta	Arabidopsis thaliana	35-39
16244444-11	2005	These results suggest that tetrapyrrole metabolism, especially Chl breakdown, might be involved in lesion formation in len1 plants.	Tetrapyrroles	27-39	chaperonin 60 beta	Arabidopsis thaliana	119-123
16215169-0	2005	Mg-protoporphyrin IX and heme control HEMA, the gene encoding the first specific step of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.	Tetrapyrroles	89-101	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	38-42
16215169-1	2005	HEMA encodes glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR), which catalyzes the first step specific for tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in plants, archaea, and most eubacteria.	Tetrapyrroles	90-102	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	0-4
16121195-2	2005	It catalyzes the synthesis of 5-aminolevulinic acid, the first common precursor of all tetrapyrroles, from glycine and succinyl-coenzyme A (sCoA) in a pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP)-dependent manner.	Tetrapyrroles	87-100	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	175-178
16158240-0	2005	The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii gtr gene encoding the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic enzyme glutamyl-trna reductase: structure of the gene and properties of the expressed enzyme.	Tetrapyrroles	52-64	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	30-33
16158240-0	2005	The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii gtr gene encoding the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic enzyme glutamyl-trna reductase: structure of the gene and properties of the expressed enzyme.	Tetrapyrroles	52-64	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	85-108
15884974-3	2005	GUN4 may also play a role in both photoprotection and the cellular shuttling of tetrapyrroles.	Tetrapyrroles	80-93	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
15584960-0	2004	Concurrent interactions of heme and FLU with Glu tRNA reductase (HEMA1), the target of metabolic feedback inhibition of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, in dark- and light-grown Arabidopsis plants.	Tetrapyrroles	120-132	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	65-70
15815918-0	2005	An Arabidopsis mutant that is resistant to the protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor acifluorfen shows regulatory changes in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	124-136	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	47-73
15815918-1	2005	Several Arabidopsis mutants of the ecotype Dijon were isolated that show resistance to the herbicide acifluorfen, which inactivates protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPOX), an enzyme of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	180-192	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	132-158
15815918-1	2005	Several Arabidopsis mutants of the ecotype Dijon were isolated that show resistance to the herbicide acifluorfen, which inactivates protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPOX), an enzyme of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	180-192	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	160-164
15634204-1	2005	Protoporphyrin, a metabolic intermediate of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, is metabolized by Mg chelatase and ferrochelatase and is directed into the Mg-branch for chlorophyll synthesis and in the Fe-branch for protoheme synthesis respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	44-56	ferrochelatase-1, chloroplastic-like	Nicotiana tabacum	106-120
15634204-7	2005	The modified enzyme activities in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in the transgenic plants can be explained with changes of certain corresponding mRNA contents: increased 5-aminolevulinate synthesis and Mg chelatase activity correlate with enhanced transcript levels of the HemA, Gsa, and CHLH gene encoding glutamyl-tRNA reductase, glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase and a Mg chelatase subunit respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	34-46	glutamyl-tRNA reductase 1, chloroplastic-like	Nicotiana tabacum	268-272
15634204-7	2005	The modified enzyme activities in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in the transgenic plants can be explained with changes of certain corresponding mRNA contents: increased 5-aminolevulinate synthesis and Mg chelatase activity correlate with enhanced transcript levels of the HemA, Gsa, and CHLH gene encoding glutamyl-tRNA reductase, glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase and a Mg chelatase subunit respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	34-46	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	274-277
15634204-7	2005	The modified enzyme activities in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in the transgenic plants can be explained with changes of certain corresponding mRNA contents: increased 5-aminolevulinate synthesis and Mg chelatase activity correlate with enhanced transcript levels of the HemA, Gsa, and CHLH gene encoding glutamyl-tRNA reductase, glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase and a Mg chelatase subunit respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	34-46	glutamyl-tRNA reductase 1, chloroplastic-like	Nicotiana tabacum	302-325
15634204-7	2005	The modified enzyme activities in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in the transgenic plants can be explained with changes of certain corresponding mRNA contents: increased 5-aminolevulinate synthesis and Mg chelatase activity correlate with enhanced transcript levels of the HemA, Gsa, and CHLH gene encoding glutamyl-tRNA reductase, glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase and a Mg chelatase subunit respectively.	Tetrapyrroles	34-46	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	327-368
15280028-2	2004	In plants, GUN4 is involved in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	31-43	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	11-15
15381398-1	2004	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) catalyzes the first common reaction in the biosynthesis of the tetrapyrroles, the asymmetric condensation of two molecules of delta-aminolevulinic acid to form porphobilinogen.	Tetrapyrroles	95-108	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	0-24
15381398-1	2004	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) catalyzes the first common reaction in the biosynthesis of the tetrapyrroles, the asymmetric condensation of two molecules of delta-aminolevulinic acid to form porphobilinogen.	Tetrapyrroles	95-108	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	26-30
12897770-0	2003	Control of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis by alternate quaternary forms of porphobilinogen synthase.	Tetrapyrroles	11-23	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	70-94
15215507-2	2004	PBR also possess an affinity to the tetrapyrrole metabolite protoporphyrin.	Tetrapyrroles	36-48	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
15215507-3	2004	The bacterial homolog to the mammalian PBR, the Rhodobacter TspO (CrtK) protein, was shown to be involved in the bacterial tetrapyrrole metabolism.	Tetrapyrroles	123-135	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	39-42
15215507-3	2004	The bacterial homolog to the mammalian PBR, the Rhodobacter TspO (CrtK) protein, was shown to be involved in the bacterial tetrapyrrole metabolism.	Tetrapyrroles	123-135	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	60-64
16228389-9	2004	Measurements of tetrapyrrole intermediates suggested that decreased Chl synthesis in the cch1 mutant was not a result of increased feedback inhibition at higher light intensity.	Tetrapyrroles	16-28	magnesium-chelatase subunit chlH, chloroplast, putative / Mg-protoporphyrin IX chelatase, putative (CHLH)	Arabidopsis thaliana	89-93
14633982-0	2003	Structural basis for tetrapyrrole coordination by uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase.	Tetrapyrroles	21-33	uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	50-80
12897770-1	2003	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles (such as heme and chlorophyll).	Tetrapyrroles	87-100	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	0-24
12897770-1	2003	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles (such as heme and chlorophyll).	Tetrapyrroles	87-100	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	26-30
12897770-6	2003	The unprecedented structural rearrangement reported here relates to the allosteric regulation of PBGS and suggests that alternative PBGS oligomers may function in a magnesium-dependent regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in plants and some bacteria.	Tetrapyrroles	199-211	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	97-101
12897770-6	2003	The unprecedented structural rearrangement reported here relates to the allosteric regulation of PBGS and suggests that alternative PBGS oligomers may function in a magnesium-dependent regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in plants and some bacteria.	Tetrapyrroles	199-211	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	132-136
12969425-7	2003	As transcript levels of all tetrapyrrole biosynthetic genes tested were not strongly affected by BVR expression, these results implicate misregulated tetrapyrrole metabolism to be a major mechanism for BVR-dependent inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis in light-grown plants.	Tetrapyrroles	28-40	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	202-205
12969425-7	2003	As transcript levels of all tetrapyrrole biosynthetic genes tested were not strongly affected by BVR expression, these results implicate misregulated tetrapyrrole metabolism to be a major mechanism for BVR-dependent inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis in light-grown plants.	Tetrapyrroles	150-162	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	202-205
12367526-5	2002	Since cytochrome b and reaction center polypeptides both bind tetrapyrroles and quinones for electron transfer, the observed sequence, functional and structural similarities can best be explained with the assumption of a common evolutionary origin.	Tetrapyrroles	62-75	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	6-18
12969425-3	2003	This study was undertaken to assess the contribution of BVR-mediated alteration of tetrapyrrole metabolism to the observed phenotypes of BVR transgenic plants.	Tetrapyrroles	83-95	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	56-59
12969425-3	2003	This study was undertaken to assess the contribution of BVR-mediated alteration of tetrapyrrole metabolism to the observed phenotypes of BVR transgenic plants.	Tetrapyrroles	83-95	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	137-140
12969425-5	2003	Together with the observation that Mg-porphyrin accumulation in dark-grown seedlings treated with an iron chelator was unaffected by BVR expression, these results indicate that BVR diverts tetrapyrrole metabolism toward heme synthesis while also reducing heme levels to de-repress ALA synthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	189-201	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	177-180
12773194-0	2003	Human porphobilinogen deaminase mutations in the investigation of the mechanism of dipyrromethane cofactor assembly and tetrapyrrole formation.	Tetrapyrroles	120-132	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	6-31
12773194-1	2003	Porphobilinogen deaminase mutants that cause acute intermittent porphyria have been investigated as recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli, yielding important insight into the mechanism of dipyrromethane cofactor assembly and tetrapyrrole chain polymerization.	Tetrapyrroles	238-250	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	0-25
12573695-1	2003	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS), which catalyzes the first common step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, contains a unique phylogenetic variation in the use of metal ions.	Tetrapyrroles	74-86	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	0-24
12573695-1	2003	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS), which catalyzes the first common step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, contains a unique phylogenetic variation in the use of metal ions.	Tetrapyrroles	74-86	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	26-30
12459913-1	2003	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) is an ancient and highly conserved protein that functions in the first common step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	118-130	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	0-24
12459913-1	2003	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) is an ancient and highly conserved protein that functions in the first common step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	118-130	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	26-30
12146976-2	2002	When the tetrapyrrole is inactivated by phototransforming it with ultraviolet light prior to the first division, the embryo fails to synthesize dorsal mRNAs, such as goosecoid or chordin, yet forms increased amounts of ventral transcripts, such as Vent 1, and, consequently, develops ventralized morphology.	Tetrapyrroles	9-21	chordin, gene 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	179-186
12139011-11	2002	The roles of HEMA1 and HEMA2 in meeting cellular tetrapyrrole requirements are discussed.	Tetrapyrroles	49-61	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-18
12139011-11	2002	The roles of HEMA1 and HEMA2 in meeting cellular tetrapyrrole requirements are discussed.	Tetrapyrroles	49-61	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	23-28
12146976-2	2002	When the tetrapyrrole is inactivated by phototransforming it with ultraviolet light prior to the first division, the embryo fails to synthesize dorsal mRNAs, such as goosecoid or chordin, yet forms increased amounts of ventral transcripts, such as Vent 1, and, consequently, develops ventralized morphology.	Tetrapyrroles	9-21	VENT homeobox 1, gene 2 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	248-254
12196144-6	2002	The final common biosynthetic step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis is the generation of uroporphyrinogen by uroporphyrinogen III synthase, whereby the D ring of hydroxymethylbilane is flipped during ring closure to generate the asymmetrical structure of uroporphyrinogen III.	Tetrapyrroles	38-50	uroporphyrinogen III synthase	Homo sapiens	105-134
12418240-0	2002	Porphobilinogen deaminase: accumulation and detection of tetrapyrrole intermediates using enzyme immobilization.	Tetrapyrroles	57-69	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	0-25
11909869-1	2002	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), an essential step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	129-141	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	26-30
11675381-8	2002	Interestingly, tissue-, light-, and cycloheximide-dependent expressions of the two isoforms of ferrochelatase were similar to those of two glutamyl-tRNA reductase isoforms involved in the early step of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, suggesting the existence of distinctly controlled tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathways in photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic tissues.	Tetrapyrroles	202-214	ferrochelatase-2, chloroplastic-like	Cucumis sativus	95-109
11675381-8	2002	Interestingly, tissue-, light-, and cycloheximide-dependent expressions of the two isoforms of ferrochelatase were similar to those of two glutamyl-tRNA reductase isoforms involved in the early step of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, suggesting the existence of distinctly controlled tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathways in photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic tissues.	Tetrapyrroles	279-291	ferrochelatase-2, chloroplastic-like	Cucumis sativus	95-109
11300822-1	2001	Myoglobin was reconstituted with the ferric complex of corrphycene, a novel porphyrin isomer with a rearranged tetrapyrrole array, to investigate the influence of porphyrin deformation on the equilibrium between high-spin (S = 5/2) and low-spin (S = 1/2) states in the azide derivative.	Tetrapyrroles	111-123	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	0-9
11689424-1	2001	Uroporphyrinogen III synthase, U3S, the fourth enzyme in the porphyrin biosynthetic pathway, catalyzes cyclization of the linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane, to the macrocyclic uroporphyrino gen III, which is used in several different pathways to form heme, siroheme, chlorophyll, F(430) and vitamin B(12).	Tetrapyrroles	129-141	uroporphyrinogen III synthase	Homo sapiens	0-29
11444968-2	2001	PBGS catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthesis of the tetrapyrrole cofactors such as heme, vitamin B(12), and chlorophyll.	Tetrapyrroles	64-76	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	0-4
11489187-3	2001	LIN2 encodes coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of chlorophyll and heme, a tetrapyrrole pathway, in Arabidopsis.	Tetrapyrroles	113-125	Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
11489187-3	2001	LIN2 encodes coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of chlorophyll and heme, a tetrapyrrole pathway, in Arabidopsis.	Tetrapyrroles	113-125	Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-43
11224564-3	2001	In addition to its tetrapyrrole clearance role in the fetus, BVR-B has flavin and ferric reductase activities in the adult.	Tetrapyrroles	19-31	biliverdin reductase B	Homo sapiens	61-66
11309145-9	2001	These results provide the most comprehensive analysis to date of the light-regulation of a tetrapyrrole biosynthetic gene and support a direct link between regulation of HEMA1 transcription and chlorophyll accumulation during seedling de-etiolation.	Tetrapyrroles	91-103	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	170-175
11219583-10	2000	This ATP-induced stimulation of protoporphyrin IX synthesis was due to the enhancement of the activities of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase and protoporphyrinogen oxidase, involved in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	183-195	uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase	Cucumis sativus	108-138
11154335-1	2001	Targeted expression of mammalian biliverdin IXalpha reductase (BVR), an enzyme that metabolically inactivates linear tetrapyrrole precursors of the phytochrome chromophore, was used to examine the physiological functions of phytochromes in the qualitative short-day tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Maryland Mammoth) plant.	Tetrapyrroles	117-129	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	33-61
11154335-1	2001	Targeted expression of mammalian biliverdin IXalpha reductase (BVR), an enzyme that metabolically inactivates linear tetrapyrrole precursors of the phytochrome chromophore, was used to examine the physiological functions of phytochromes in the qualitative short-day tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Maryland Mammoth) plant.	Tetrapyrroles	117-129	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	63-66
11154335-5	2001	The distinct phenotypes of the plastid-targeted BVR lines implicate a regulatory role for bilins in plastid development or, alternatively, reflect the consequence of altered tetrapyrrole metabolism in plastids due to bilin depletion.	Tetrapyrroles	174-186	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	48-51
11135121-4	2000	hy1 is defective in phytochrome chromophore biosynthesis, which has other indirect effects on tetrapyrrole metabolism.	Tetrapyrroles	94-106	Plant heme oxygenase (decyclizing) family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-3
11135121-6	2000	Recent molecular evidence shows GUN5 to be involved in tetrapyrrole metabolism (N. Mochizuki and J. Chory, manuscript in preparation).	Tetrapyrroles	55-67	magnesium-chelatase subunit chlH, chloroplast, putative / Mg-protoporphyrin IX chelatase, putative (CHLH)	Arabidopsis thaliana	32-36
11135121-11	2000	The tetrapyrrole precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) inhibited Lhcb expression in hy1.	Tetrapyrroles	4-16	Plant heme oxygenase (decyclizing) family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	84-87
11135121-13	2000	We speculate that either one tetrapyrrole intermediate, which can accumulate anomalously in hy1, or an altered ratio between two intermediates, plays a role as a repressor of Lhcb expression.	Tetrapyrroles	29-41	Plant heme oxygenase (decyclizing) family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	92-95
10809685-5	2000	Additional analyses revealed that anaerobic induction of the bchE, hemN, and hemZ genes, which are involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathways, requires FnrL.	Tetrapyrroles	115-127	magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester anaerobic oxidative cyclase	Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1	61-65
11044719-3	2000	After the successive removal of phytol and Mg21 from the chlorophyll molecule by chlorophyllase and "Mg dechelatase", pheophorbide a is cleaved and reduced to yield a colorless, open tetrapyrrole intermediate.	Tetrapyrroles	183-195	WD repeat domain 13	Homo sapiens	43-47
10858451-0	2000	Studies on the specificity of the tetrapyrrole substrate for human biliverdin-IXalpha reductase and biliverdin-IXbeta reductase.	Tetrapyrroles	34-46	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	67-95
10858451-0	2000	Studies on the specificity of the tetrapyrrole substrate for human biliverdin-IXalpha reductase and biliverdin-IXbeta reductase.	Tetrapyrroles	34-46	biliverdin reductase B	Homo sapiens	100-127
10858451-8	2000	The flavin reductase activity of biliverdin-IXbeta reductase is potently inhibited by mesobiliverdin-XIIIalpha and protohemin, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the tetrapyrrole and flavin substrate bind at a common site.	Tetrapyrroles	176-188	biliverdin reductase B	Homo sapiens	33-60
10809685-5	2000	Additional analyses revealed that anaerobic induction of the bchE, hemN, and hemZ genes, which are involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathways, requires FnrL.	Tetrapyrroles	115-127	oxygen-independent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase	Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1	67-71
10809685-5	2000	Additional analyses revealed that anaerobic induction of the bchE, hemN, and hemZ genes, which are involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathways, requires FnrL.	Tetrapyrroles	115-127	Crp/Fnr family transcriptional regulator	Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1	160-164
10356331-1	1999	Common to the biosynthesis of all known tetrapyrroles is the condensation of two molecules of 5-aminolevulinic acid to the pyrrole porphobilinogen catalyzed by the enzyme porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS).	Tetrapyrroles	40-53	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	171-195
10666591-1	2000	The porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) family of enzymes catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthesis of the essential tetrapyrroles such as chlorophyll and porphyrin.	Tetrapyrroles	123-136	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	4-28
10666591-1	2000	The porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) family of enzymes catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthesis of the essential tetrapyrroles such as chlorophyll and porphyrin.	Tetrapyrroles	123-136	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	30-34
10644722-1	2000	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) is an ancient enzyme essential to tetrapyrrole biosynthesis (e.g. heme, chlorophyll, and vitamin B(12)).	Tetrapyrroles	66-78	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	0-24
10644722-1	2000	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) is an ancient enzyme essential to tetrapyrrole biosynthesis (e.g. heme, chlorophyll, and vitamin B(12)).	Tetrapyrroles	66-78	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	26-30
10525116-2	1999	Two isozymes, HO-1 and HO-2, oxidatively cleave the substrate to form biliverdin, and the potential cellular messenger, CO; the chelated iron is released as the result of the tetrapyrrole ring opening.	Tetrapyrroles	175-187	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-27
10517855-1	1999	The phenotypic consequences of targeted expression of mammalian biliverdin IXalpha reductase (BVR), an enzyme that metabolically inactivates the linear tetrapyrrole precursors of the phytochrome chromophore, are addressed in this investigation.	Tetrapyrroles	152-164	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	64-92
10517855-1	1999	The phenotypic consequences of targeted expression of mammalian biliverdin IXalpha reductase (BVR), an enzyme that metabolically inactivates the linear tetrapyrrole precursors of the phytochrome chromophore, are addressed in this investigation.	Tetrapyrroles	152-164	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	94-97
10409680-2	1999	To identify components of the signal transduction pathway from the outer membrane-localized TspO to the DNA-active transcription factor(s), we examined the involvement of TspO in the regulation of tetrapyrrole metabolism in R. sphaeroides.	Tetrapyrroles	197-209	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	171-175
10409680-5	1999	It is proposed that TspO, by regulating the exit of certain tetrapyrrole intermediates of the heme/bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic pathways in R. sphaeroides in response to the availability of molecular oxygen, causes the accumulation of a biosynthetic intermediate that serves as a corepressor for both specific pigment gene transcription and the puc operon.	Tetrapyrroles	60-72	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	20-24
10356331-1	1999	Common to the biosynthesis of all known tetrapyrroles is the condensation of two molecules of 5-aminolevulinic acid to the pyrrole porphobilinogen catalyzed by the enzyme porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS).	Tetrapyrroles	40-53	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	197-201
7706283-0	1995	gsa1 is a universal tetrapyrrole synthesis gene in soybean and is regulated by a GAGA element.	Tetrapyrroles	20-32	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Glycine max	0-4
9933622-1	1999	Transgenic tobacco plants with reduced activity of either uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase or coproporphyrinogen oxidase, two enzymes of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, are characterized by the accumulation of photosensitizing tetrapyrrole intermediates, antioxidative responses, and necrotic leaf lesions.	Tetrapyrroles	139-151	uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	58-88
9933622-1	1999	Transgenic tobacco plants with reduced activity of either uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase or coproporphyrinogen oxidase, two enzymes of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, are characterized by the accumulation of photosensitizing tetrapyrrole intermediates, antioxidative responses, and necrotic leaf lesions.	Tetrapyrroles	139-151	oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	92-118
9933622-1	1999	Transgenic tobacco plants with reduced activity of either uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase or coproporphyrinogen oxidase, two enzymes of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, are characterized by the accumulation of photosensitizing tetrapyrrole intermediates, antioxidative responses, and necrotic leaf lesions.	Tetrapyrroles	232-244	uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	58-88
9933622-1	1999	Transgenic tobacco plants with reduced activity of either uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase or coproporphyrinogen oxidase, two enzymes of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, are characterized by the accumulation of photosensitizing tetrapyrrole intermediates, antioxidative responses, and necrotic leaf lesions.	Tetrapyrroles	232-244	oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	92-118
9952455-9	1999	The data indicate that Gtr1 is universal for tetrapyrrole synthesis and that a Gtr gene specific for a tissue or tetrapyrrole is unlikely.	Tetrapyrroles	45-57	glutamyl-tRNA reductase 1, chloroplastic	Glycine max	23-27
9872997-5	1999	This is due to events associated with heme transport since cobalt-protoporphyrin IX-hemopexin, which binds to the receptor and activates signaling pathways without tetrapyrrole transport, does not increase carbonyl content.	Tetrapyrroles	164-176	hemopexin	Mus musculus	84-93
9712715-1	1998	Porphobilinogen deaminase (PBG-D), a key enzyme in the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, is encoded by a single gene containing two different promoters.	Tetrapyrroles	55-67	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Rattus norvegicus	0-25
9712715-1	1998	Porphobilinogen deaminase (PBG-D), a key enzyme in the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, is encoded by a single gene containing two different promoters.	Tetrapyrroles	55-67	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Rattus norvegicus	27-32
9263458-10	1997	In analogy to the light-dependent ALA synthesis attributed to feedback regulation, a mechanism at the level of intermediates or tetrapyrrole end-products is proposed, which co-ordinates the need for heme and chlorophyll precursors and restricts synthesis of ALA by regulating GSA-AT gene expression.	Tetrapyrroles	128-140	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	276-282
12223662-0	1997	Reduction of Uroporphyrinogen Decarboxylase by Antisense RNA Expression Affects Activities of Other Enzymes Involved in Tetrapyrrole Biosynthesis and Leads to Light-Dependent Necrosis.	Tetrapyrroles	120-132	uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	13-43
12223662-1	1997	We introduced a full-length cDNA sequence encoding tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase (UROD; EC 4.1.1.37) in reverse orientation under the control of a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter derivative into the tobacco genome to study the effects of deregulated UROD expression on tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	308-320	uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	79-113
12223662-1	1997	We introduced a full-length cDNA sequence encoding tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase (UROD; EC 4.1.1.37) in reverse orientation under the control of a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter derivative into the tobacco genome to study the effects of deregulated UROD expression on tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	308-320	uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	115-119
8818294-0	1996	Subcellular location of the tetrapyrrole synthesis enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase in higher plants: an immunological investigation.	Tetrapyrroles	28-40	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	58-83
8818294-1	1996	A recombinant plasmid, pArab8, harbouring the cDNA encoding the mature form of the tetrapyrrole synthesis enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase (EC 4.3.1.8; also known as hydroxymethylbilane synthase) from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.	Tetrapyrroles	83-95	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	113-138
8818294-1	1996	A recombinant plasmid, pArab8, harbouring the cDNA encoding the mature form of the tetrapyrrole synthesis enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase (EC 4.3.1.8; also known as hydroxymethylbilane synthase) from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.	Tetrapyrroles	83-95	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	166-194
7592604-1	1995	Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the first common step of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, the asymmetric condensation of two molecules of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to form porphobilinogen.	Tetrapyrroles	91-103	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	26-30
7706283-0	1995	gsa1 is a universal tetrapyrrole synthesis gene in soybean and is regulated by a GAGA element.	Tetrapyrroles	20-32	Trithorax-like	Drosophila melanogaster	81-85
7706283-2	1995	The universal tetrapyrrole precursor delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is synthesized from glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA) by GSA aminotransferase in plants, which is encoded by gsa.	Tetrapyrroles	14-26	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Glycine max	115-118
7706283-2	1995	The universal tetrapyrrole precursor delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is synthesized from glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA) by GSA aminotransferase in plants, which is encoded by gsa.	Tetrapyrroles	14-26	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Glycine max	123-126
7706283-2	1995	The universal tetrapyrrole precursor delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is synthesized from glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA) by GSA aminotransferase in plants, which is encoded by gsa.	Tetrapyrroles	14-26	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Glycine max	175-178
7706283-4	1995	These observations indicate that GSA aminotransferase expression is controlled in tetrapyrrole formation and argue against significant activity of an enzyme other than the well described aminotransferase for GSA-dependent ALA formation.	Tetrapyrroles	82-94	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Glycine max	33-36
7862086-13	1995	In cells depleted of tetrapyrrole pathway intermediates by gabaculine treatment, cytochrome f synthesis was significantly reduced.	Tetrapyrroles	21-33	cytochrome f	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	81-93
24307093-1	1995	The complex pathway of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis can be dissected into five sections: the pathways that produce 5-aminolevulinate (the C-4 and the C-5 pathways), the steps that transform ALA to uroporphyrinogen III, which are ubiquitous in the biosynthesis of all tetrapyrroles, and the three branches producing specialized end products.	Tetrapyrroles	23-35	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	135-138
24307093-1	1995	The complex pathway of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis can be dissected into five sections: the pathways that produce 5-aminolevulinate (the C-4 and the C-5 pathways), the steps that transform ALA to uroporphyrinogen III, which are ubiquitous in the biosynthesis of all tetrapyrroles, and the three branches producing specialized end products.	Tetrapyrroles	23-35	complement C5	Homo sapiens	147-150
1522882-1	1992	The three-domain structure of porphobilinogen deaminase, a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of tetrapyrroles, has been defined by X-ray analysis at 1.9 A resolution.	Tetrapyrroles	101-114	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	30-55
7580857-1	1995	Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (coprogen oxidase; EC 1.3.3.3) is part of the pathway from 5-amino-levulinate to protoporphyrin IX which is common in all organisms and catalyses oxidative decarboxylation at two tetrapyrrole side chains.	Tetrapyrroles	210-222	oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, chloroplastic	Nicotiana tabacum	32-48
7712294-3	1994	The first X-ray structure of a haem synthesis enzyme, porphobilinogen deaminase, has not only yielded clues about the mechanism of tetrapyrrole assembly but has also provided insight into the molecular basis of the human disease acute intermittent porphyria.	Tetrapyrroles	131-143	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	54-79
8278535-2	1993	Nevertheless, those tissue extracts expressed the activity of glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA) aminotransferase, the C5 pathway enzyme that catalyzes ALA synthesis from GSA for tetrapyrrole formation.	Tetrapyrroles	175-187	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Glycine max	62-109
8278535-2	1993	Nevertheless, those tissue extracts expressed the activity of glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA) aminotransferase, the C5 pathway enzyme that catalyzes ALA synthesis from GSA for tetrapyrrole formation.	Tetrapyrroles	175-187	glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase, chloroplastic	Glycine max	88-91
12324588-4	1991	Restoration of a light-grown phenotype in the hy1 mutant was also accomplished by using phycocyanobilin, a tetrapyrrole analog of phytochromobilin.	Tetrapyrroles	107-119	Plant heme oxygenase (decyclizing) family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	46-49
1943155-6	1991	Comparison of predicted reactivity of the tetrapyrrole, deduced from the models, with that described in the extensive literature on phytochrome clearly indicated that isomerization at C-4 is consistent with experimental data.	Tetrapyrroles	42-54	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	184-187
34994280-1	2022	The delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) enzyme is an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of tetrapyrroles.	Tetrapyrroles	106-119	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	4-41
2043278-2	1991	The detection and accumulation of tetrapyrrole intermediates synthesized by the action of bovine liver porphobilinogen deaminase immobilized to Sepharose 4B is reported.	Tetrapyrroles	34-46	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Bos taurus	103-128
2349227-0	1990	Primary structure of a key enzyme in plant tetrapyrrole synthesis: glutamate 1-semialdehyde aminotransferase.	Tetrapyrroles	43-55	GSA	Hordeum vulgare	67-108
34492704-11	2021	These findings strongly support our hypothesis that the inhibition of heme synthesis observed in chronic inflammation is mediated not only by iron limitation, but also by limitation of tetrapyrrole synthesis at the point of ALAS2 catalysis by itaconate.	Tetrapyrroles	185-197	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 2	Homo sapiens	224-229
34382282-2	2021	Recently, GUN4 has been found to be able to bind the linear tetrapyrroles (bilins) and stimulate the magnesium chelatase activity in the unicellular green alga C. reinhardtii.	Tetrapyrroles	60-73	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	10-14
34382282-5	2021	These linear molecules adopt a cyclic-helical conformation, and bind more tightly than planar porphyrins to the tetrapyrrole-binding pocket of GUN4.	Tetrapyrroles	112-124	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	143-147
34382282-6	2021	Based on structural comparison, we propose a working model of GUN4 in regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway, and address the role of the bilin-bound GUN4 in retrograde signaling.	Tetrapyrroles	84-96	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	62-66
34178000-2	2021	GUN4 is involved in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and its mutation often causes chlorophyll-deficient phenotypes with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hence it has been speculated that GUN4 may also play a role in photoprotection.	Tetrapyrroles	20-32	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
34178000-2	2021	GUN4 is involved in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and its mutation often causes chlorophyll-deficient phenotypes with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hence it has been speculated that GUN4 may also play a role in photoprotection.	Tetrapyrroles	20-32	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	199-203
34994280-1	2022	The delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) enzyme is an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of tetrapyrroles.	Tetrapyrroles	106-119	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	43-47
35358383-1	2022	Two belt-like expanded carbaporphyrins (NB1 and NB2) were prepared via a one-pot procedure that involves a (6 + 3) condensation between a pyrene-bearing tetrapyrrole precursor (2) and pentafluorobenzaldehyde, followed by oxidation.	Tetrapyrroles	153-165	CD177 molecule	Homo sapiens	40-43
35358383-1	2022	Two belt-like expanded carbaporphyrins (NB1 and NB2) were prepared via a one-pot procedure that involves a (6 + 3) condensation between a pyrene-bearing tetrapyrrole precursor (2) and pentafluorobenzaldehyde, followed by oxidation.	Tetrapyrroles	153-165	contactin 5	Homo sapiens	48-51
925603-10	1977	In this proposed mechanism for metal ion regulation of ALAS, the tetrapyrrole moiety of heine is considered to function principally as an efficient carrier of metal to the regulatory site for ALAS production, inasmuch as the tetrapyrrole ring itself has been shown in earlier studies not to have any effect on ALAS activity.	Tetrapyrroles	65-77	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
35615903-3	2022	Here, we uncovered the roles of chloroplast-localized MORF2 and MORF9 in modulating tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.	Tetrapyrroles	84-96	plastid developmental protein DAG	Arabidopsis thaliana	64-69
35615903-4	2022	The lack or reduced transcripts of MORF2 or MORF9 significantly affected biosynthesis of the tetrapyrrole precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid and accumulation of chlorophyll and other tetrapyrrole intermediates.	Tetrapyrroles	93-105	plastid developmental protein DAG	Arabidopsis thaliana	44-49
35615903-4	2022	The lack or reduced transcripts of MORF2 or MORF9 significantly affected biosynthesis of the tetrapyrrole precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid and accumulation of chlorophyll and other tetrapyrrole intermediates.	Tetrapyrroles	180-192	plastid developmental protein DAG	Arabidopsis thaliana	44-49
35615903-5	2022	MORF2 directly interacts with multiple tetrapyrrole biosynthesis enzymes and regulators, including NADPH:PROTOCHLOROPHYLLIDE OXIDOREDUCTASE B (PORB) and GENOMES UNCOUPLED4 (GUN4).	Tetrapyrroles	39-51	protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase B	Arabidopsis thaliana	99-141
35615903-5	2022	MORF2 directly interacts with multiple tetrapyrrole biosynthesis enzymes and regulators, including NADPH:PROTOCHLOROPHYLLIDE OXIDOREDUCTASE B (PORB) and GENOMES UNCOUPLED4 (GUN4).	Tetrapyrroles	39-51	protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase B	Arabidopsis thaliana	143-147
35615903-5	2022	MORF2 directly interacts with multiple tetrapyrrole biosynthesis enzymes and regulators, including NADPH:PROTOCHLOROPHYLLIDE OXIDOREDUCTASE B (PORB) and GENOMES UNCOUPLED4 (GUN4).	Tetrapyrroles	39-51	protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	173-177
35205317-5	2022	Necrotic4 encodes the coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (CPX1), a key enzyme in the tetrapyrrole pathway, catalyzing coproporphyrinogen III oxidate to protoporphyrinogen IX.	Tetrapyrroles	81-93	coproporphyrinogen III oxidase2	Zea mays	22-52
3174619-1	1988	Uroporphyrinogen III synthase [URO-synthase; hydroxymethylbilane hydro-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.2.1.75], the fourth enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway, is responsible for conversion of the linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane, to the cyclic tetrapyrrole, uroporphyrinogen III.	Tetrapyrroles	200-212	uroporphyrinogen III synthase	Homo sapiens	0-29
3174619-1	1988	Uroporphyrinogen III synthase [URO-synthase; hydroxymethylbilane hydro-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.2.1.75], the fourth enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway, is responsible for conversion of the linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane, to the cyclic tetrapyrrole, uroporphyrinogen III.	Tetrapyrroles	200-212	uroporphyrinogen III synthase	Homo sapiens	45-76
3743570-2	1986	The isotope in the glutamate was specifically incorporated into the eight carbon atoms in the tetrapyrrole macrocycle derived from the C-5 of 5-aminolevulinic acid, while no specific enrichment of these eight carbon atoms was observed in the spectrum of the pigment formed in the presence of [2-13C]glycine.	Tetrapyrroles	94-106	complement C5	Homo sapiens	135-138
19431588-1	1985	The tetrapyrrole electron donors and acceptors (bacteriochlorophyll, BCh; bacteriopheophytin, BPh) within the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center (RC) are arranged with a specific geometry that permits rapid (picosecond time scale) electron tunneling to occur between them.	Tetrapyrroles	4-16	chimerin 2	Homo sapiens	69-72
925603-10	1977	In this proposed mechanism for metal ion regulation of ALAS, the tetrapyrrole moiety of heine is considered to function principally as an efficient carrier of metal to the regulatory site for ALAS production, inasmuch as the tetrapyrrole ring itself has been shown in earlier studies not to have any effect on ALAS activity.	Tetrapyrroles	65-77	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
925603-10	1977	In this proposed mechanism for metal ion regulation of ALAS, the tetrapyrrole moiety of heine is considered to function principally as an efficient carrier of metal to the regulatory site for ALAS production, inasmuch as the tetrapyrrole ring itself has been shown in earlier studies not to have any effect on ALAS activity.	Tetrapyrroles	65-77	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
925603-10	1977	In this proposed mechanism for metal ion regulation of ALAS, the tetrapyrrole moiety of heine is considered to function principally as an efficient carrier of metal to the regulatory site for ALAS production, inasmuch as the tetrapyrrole ring itself has been shown in earlier studies not to have any effect on ALAS activity.	Tetrapyrroles	225-237	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
925603-10	1977	In this proposed mechanism for metal ion regulation of ALAS, the tetrapyrrole moiety of heine is considered to function principally as an efficient carrier of metal to the regulatory site for ALAS production, inasmuch as the tetrapyrrole ring itself has been shown in earlier studies not to have any effect on ALAS activity.	Tetrapyrroles	225-237	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
925603-10	1977	In this proposed mechanism for metal ion regulation of ALAS, the tetrapyrrole moiety of heine is considered to function principally as an efficient carrier of metal to the regulatory site for ALAS production, inasmuch as the tetrapyrrole ring itself has been shown in earlier studies not to have any effect on ALAS activity.	Tetrapyrroles	225-237	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
33888467-2	2021	We show that SARS-CoV-2 spike binds biliverdin and bilirubin, the tetrapyrrole products of haem metabolism, with nanomolar affinity.	Tetrapyrroles	66-78	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	24-29
1052603-0	1976	Tetrapyrroles as substrates and inhibitors of porphyrinogen carboxy - lyase from rat liver.	Tetrapyrroles	0-13	uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	46-75
33888467-3	2021	Using cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography, we mapped the tetrapyrrole interaction pocket to a deep cleft on the spike N-terminal domain (NTD).	Tetrapyrroles	72-84	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	127-132
33600566-1	2021	Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), which is involved in the heme biosynthesis pathway, has a dipyrromethane cofactor and combines four porphobilinogen (PBG) molecules to form a linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane.	Tetrapyrroles	186-198	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	0-28
33600566-1	2021	Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), which is involved in the heme biosynthesis pathway, has a dipyrromethane cofactor and combines four porphobilinogen (PBG) molecules to form a linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane.	Tetrapyrroles	186-198	hydroxymethylbilane synthase	Homo sapiens	30-34
32071153-2	2020	In addition to acting in translation, it serves as substrate of glutamyl-tRNA reductase, the enzyme catalyzing the committed step in the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway.	Tetrapyrroles	137-149	glutamyl-tRNA reductase 1, chloroplastic-like	Nicotiana tabacum	64-87
33532784-2	2021	We show that SARS-CoV-2 spike binds biliverdin and bilirubin, the tetrapyrrole products of haem metabolism, with nanomolar affinity.	Tetrapyrroles	66-78	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	24-29
33532784-3	2021	Using cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography we mapped the tetrapyrrole interaction pocket to a deep cleft on the spike N-terminal domain (NTD).	Tetrapyrroles	71-83	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	126-131
33210733-7	2021	However, the absence of classical coordination to the iron atom leaves the possibility that the primary ligand of Blc is another tetrapyrrole.	Tetrapyrroles	129-141	outer membrane lipoprotein Blc	Escherichia coli	114-117
33068374-0	2021	Thioredoxin-dependent control balance the metabolic activities in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	66-78	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	0-11
32457103-0	2020	The uroporphyrinogen-III synthase (uroS) and the magnesium chelatase class of AAA+ ATPase (yifB) genes conserved among tetrapyrrole synthesizing-deficient Bacteroidales are involved in Bacteroides fragilis heme assimilation and survival in experimental intra-abdominal infection and intestinal colonization.	Tetrapyrroles	119-131	uroporphyrinogen III synthase	Homo sapiens	4-33
32457103-0	2020	The uroporphyrinogen-III synthase (uroS) and the magnesium chelatase class of AAA+ ATPase (yifB) genes conserved among tetrapyrrole synthesizing-deficient Bacteroidales are involved in Bacteroides fragilis heme assimilation and survival in experimental intra-abdominal infection and intestinal colonization.	Tetrapyrroles	119-131	uroporphyrinogen III synthase	Homo sapiens	35-39
32071153-4	2020	We have generated a series of transplastomic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants to alter tRNAGlu expression levels and also introduced a point mutation into the plastid trnE gene, which was reported to uncouple protein biosynthesis from tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in chloroplasts of the protist Euglena gracilis.	Tetrapyrroles	237-249	trnE	Nicotiana tabacum	169-173
31648387-4	2020	Recently, GUN1 was found to interact physically with factors involved in chloroplast protein homeostasis, and with enzymes of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in adult leaves that function in various retrograde signalling pathways.	Tetrapyrroles	126-138	s uncoupled 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	10-14
31732672-0	2019	The retrograde signaling protein GUN1 regulates tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	48-60	s uncoupled 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-37
32002990-10	2020	SIG6 appears to control protochlorophyllide accumulation by contributing to the regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis associated with glutamyl-tRNA reductase (HEMA1) function, select phytochrome-interacting factor genes (PIF4 and PIF6), and PENTA1, which regulates PORA mRNA translation after FR exposure.	Tetrapyrroles	94-106	RNApolymerase sigma-subunit F	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
31732672-4	2019	Of the 6 reported gun mutations, 5 are in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis proteins and this has led to the development of a model for chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in which ferrochelatase 1 (FC1)-dependent heme synthesis generates a positive signal promoting expression of photosynthesis-related genes.	Tetrapyrroles	42-54	ferrochelatase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	181-197
31732672-4	2019	Of the 6 reported gun mutations, 5 are in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis proteins and this has led to the development of a model for chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in which ferrochelatase 1 (FC1)-dependent heme synthesis generates a positive signal promoting expression of photosynthesis-related genes.	Tetrapyrroles	42-54	ferrochelatase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	199-202
31732672-6	2019	Here, we show that GUN1 directly binds to heme and other porphyrins, reduces flux through the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway to limit heme and protochlorophyllide synthesis, and can increase the chelatase activity of FC1.	Tetrapyrroles	94-106	s uncoupled 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	19-23
31732672-6	2019	Here, we show that GUN1 directly binds to heme and other porphyrins, reduces flux through the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway to limit heme and protochlorophyllide synthesis, and can increase the chelatase activity of FC1.	Tetrapyrroles	94-106	ferrochelatase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	220-223
31732672-7	2019	These results raise the possibility that the signaling role of GUN1 may be manifested through changes in tetrapyrrole metabolism, supporting a role for tetrapyrroles as mediators of a single biogenic chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling pathway.	Tetrapyrroles	105-117	s uncoupled 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	63-67
31732672-7	2019	These results raise the possibility that the signaling role of GUN1 may be manifested through changes in tetrapyrrole metabolism, supporting a role for tetrapyrroles as mediators of a single biogenic chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling pathway.	Tetrapyrroles	152-165	s uncoupled 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	63-67
31350548-1	2019	Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase1 (PPO1) catalyzes the oxidation of protoporphyrinogen IX to form protoporphyrin IX in the plastid tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway and is also essential for plastid RNA editing in Arabidopsis thaliana.	Tetrapyrroles	128-140	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-30
31350548-1	2019	Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase1 (PPO1) catalyzes the oxidation of protoporphyrinogen IX to form protoporphyrin IX in the plastid tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway and is also essential for plastid RNA editing in Arabidopsis thaliana.	Tetrapyrroles	128-140	Flavin containing amine oxidoreductase family	Arabidopsis thaliana	32-36
31028868-3	2019	FTR is the main reductant for Trxs in chloroplasts, while the flavoprotein NTRC integrates NTR and Trx activity, and plays multiple roles in the Calvin cycle, the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP), anti-peroxidation, tetrapyrrole metabolism, ATP and starch synthesis, and photoperiodic regulation.	Tetrapyrroles	226-238	neurotensin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	75-78
30755663-1	2019	Phytochromes are red/far-red light sensing photoreceptors employing linear tetrapyrroles as chromophores, which are covalently bound to a cysteine (Cys) residue in the chromophore-binding domain (CBD, composed of a PAS and a GAF domain).	Tetrapyrroles	75-88	fibroblast growth factor 9	Homo sapiens	225-228
30237172-5	2018	We found that in the presence of H2S, HO produces new linear tetrapyrroles, which we identified as isomers of sulfur-containing biliverdin (SBV), and that only H2S, but not GSH, cysteine, and polysulfides, induces SBV formation.	Tetrapyrroles	61-74	histocompatibility 2, S region (C4, Slp, Bf, C2)	Mus musculus	33-36
29721769-3	2018	Human serum albumin binds to another tetrapyrrole, cobalamin (Cbl), but the structural and functional properties of this complex are poorly understood.	Tetrapyrroles	37-49	albumin	Bos taurus	6-19
31245736-1	2018	delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) is an important enzyme in tetrapyrrole synthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	71-83	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	0-37
31245736-1	2018	delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) is an important enzyme in tetrapyrrole synthesis.	Tetrapyrroles	71-83	aminolevulinate dehydratase	Homo sapiens	39-43
29500232-2	2018	Heme synthesis and degradation converge in a linear pathway that utilizes TCA cycle-derived carbon in cataplerotic reactions of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, terminated by NAD(P)H-dependent biliverdin reductases (IXalpha, BLVRA and IXbeta, BLVRB) that lead to bilirubin generation and cellular antioxidant functions.	Tetrapyrroles	128-140	biliverdin reductase B	Homo sapiens	237-242
29527648-6	2018	The UV-Vis absorbance of tetrapyrrole decreases from 0.26 to 0.23 cps with increasing Cd2+ concentration, suggesting that Cd2+ affects the light adsorption and the photosynthesis function of PC.	Tetrapyrroles	25-37	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	86-89
29527648-6	2018	The UV-Vis absorbance of tetrapyrrole decreases from 0.26 to 0.23 cps with increasing Cd2+ concentration, suggesting that Cd2+ affects the light adsorption and the photosynthesis function of PC.	Tetrapyrroles	25-37	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	122-125
29472934-1	2017	Siroheme, an iron-containing tetrapyrrole, is the prosthetic group of nitrite reductase (NiR) and sulfite reductase (SiR); it is synthesized from uroporphyrinogen III, an intermediate of chlorophyll biosynthesis, and is required for nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) assimilation.	Tetrapyrroles	29-41	sulfite reductase	Arabidopsis thaliana	98-115
29472934-1	2017	Siroheme, an iron-containing tetrapyrrole, is the prosthetic group of nitrite reductase (NiR) and sulfite reductase (SiR); it is synthesized from uroporphyrinogen III, an intermediate of chlorophyll biosynthesis, and is required for nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) assimilation.	Tetrapyrroles	29-41	sulfite reductase	Arabidopsis thaliana	117-120