PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text compound_name comp_offset prot_official_name organism prot_offset 231884-2 1979 High succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, TPN-diaphorase, lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity were found, as indicated both oxidativ, anaerobic and pentose-phosphate shung activity. Pentoses 189-196 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 92-125 1275461-1 1976 The activity of the glycolysis enzymes, i.e. aldolase and pyruvate decarboxylase and the enzymes of the pentose cycle, i.e. transketolase were investigated in the process of cultivation of an active strain and inactive mutant of Act. Pentoses 104-111 transketolase Homo sapiens 124-137 888227-2 1977 Activation of the most important enzymes of the pentose-phosphate cycle (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and transketolase) which is clearly pronounced on the fifth day is observed in the mentioned sections. Pentoses 48-55 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Canis lupus familiaris 73-106 888227-2 1977 Activation of the most important enzymes of the pentose-phosphate cycle (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and transketolase) which is clearly pronounced on the fifth day is observed in the mentioned sections. Pentoses 48-55 transketolase Canis lupus familiaris 111-124 23027-5 1977 TPP is involved as a coenzyme of transketolase in the transketolisation reactions of the pentose pathway. Pentoses 89-96 transketolase Homo sapiens 33-46 1011453-1 1976 In patients with active rheumatism the activity of the key enzymes of the pentose cycle -- glucoso-6-phosphatedehydrogenase and transketolase -- increases in the erythrocytes of the peripheral blood parallel with the severity of the inflammatory lesion of the heart. Pentoses 74-81 transketolase Homo sapiens 128-141 1202712-2 1975 Taking into account the data obtained, an assumption is advanced that the biosynthesis of pentoses in the pentosophosphate way of carbohydrates transformation in the rat liver proceeds in its non-oxidative branch with transketolase and transaldolase participating in the process. Pentoses 90-98 transketolase Rattus norvegicus 218-231 1036242-2 1976 Three enzymes selected as representative of major metabolic pathways (malic dehydrogenase, of the citric acid cycle, lactic dehydrogenase, of glycolysis and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, of the pentose pathway) were measured by quantitative histochemical methods in individual hypothalamic nuclei during the 5-day estrous cycle of adult rats. Pentoses 199-206 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 157-190 237854-8 1975 The results indicate that NAD-+-kinase activity may play a significant part in the control of pentose-shunt oxidation in thyroid follicle cells. Pentoses 94-101 NAD kinase Homo sapiens 26-38 1180530-1 1975 Activity of transketolase, an enzyme of the pentose cycle and fructosodiphosphataldolase, an enzyme of glycolisis was studied in the dynamics of development of the nystatin-producing organism and its inactive mutant under various conditions of their cultivation with a purpose of finding relation between the antibiotic production and general metabolism of Act. Pentoses 44-51 transketolase Homo sapiens 12-25 1209760-0 1975 [Content of pentoses in erythrocytes of patients with Erb"s myopathy]. Pentoses 12-20 estrogen receptor 2 Homo sapiens 54-57 1209760-1 1975 It is established that in erythrocytes of patients with Erb"s myopathy the total content of carbohydrates is considerably decreased and the content of pentoses is increased. Pentoses 151-159 estrogen receptor 2 Homo sapiens 56-59 4277413-3 1974 The activities of the 12 enzymes of Embden-Meyerhoff pathway and of the two dehydrogenases of pentose shunt (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) were determined. Pentoses 94-101 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 109-142 6072696-2 1967 Early and late effects of growth hormone on amino acid and pentose uptake. Pentoses 59-66 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 26-40 4404768-23 1972 In the Appendix a concise derivation of the randomization of C-1, C-2 and C-3 as a function of the pentose cycle is described. Pentoses 99-106 complement C2 Rattus norvegicus 61-77 5694238-2 1968 Biphasic action of growth hormone in vitro on amino acid and pentose uptake. Pentoses 61-68 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 19-33 23195185-2 1970 Based on the activity of the glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase-NADPH(2) cytochrome c reductase system and the ultrastructural findings of free polyribosomes well developed granular endoplasmic reticulum extended Golgi-complex and secretory granules the three main functions of the pentose shunt was discussed: 1. the shunting of ribose-S-phosphate into nucleic acid synthesis 2. the generation of NADPH(2) for lipid synthesis in developing cytoplasmic membranes further supported by the findings of an activity of beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and of small scattered lipid droplets in some of the larger cells 3. the ATP production. Pentoses 281-288 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 29-62 5882445-0 1965 [Enzyme activity of the pentose shunt (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) in the cirrhotic human liver]. Pentoses 24-31 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 39-72 6069283-2 1967 It is proposed that the hexokinase is a host enzyme bound to the surface of the meningopneumonitis cell and that glucose-6-phosphate is the first substrate in the conversion of hexose to pentose to be attacked by enzymes synthesized by the meningopneumonitis agent. Pentoses 187-194 hexokinase 1 Homo sapiens 24-34 14273665-5 1965 1965.-Extracts of preparations of the agent of meningopneumonitis made from infected chick-embryo allantoic fluid contained three enzymes of the pentose pathway of glucose degradation: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and phosphoglucose isomerase. Pentoses 145-152 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Gallus gallus 258-282 13508871-0 1958 Effects of insulin and activity on pentose transport into muscle. Pentoses 35-42 insulin Homo sapiens 11-18 13715508-0 1961 [Effect of glucose on the dynamics of blood pentoses and hexoses under the influence of insulin in animals]. Pentoses 44-52 insulin Homo sapiens 88-95 32337541-8 2020 Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis identified the pentose metabolic pathway based on metabolites that were associated with both IR and the interactions between AMY1-CNV and age. Pentoses 53-60 amylase alpha 1A Homo sapiens 163-167 13478674-0 1957 Effect of insulin on transport of several hexoses and pentoses into cells of muscle and brain. Pentoses 54-62 insulin Homo sapiens 10-17 13475479-0 1957 The effect of insulin on blood levels of infused pentoses in man. Pentoses 49-57 insulin Homo sapiens 14-21 13405896-2 1957 The effect of insulin on pentose uptake by the diaphragm. Pentoses 25-32 insulin Homo sapiens 14-21 13315728-0 1955 [Effect of ACTH on free and bound pentoses of normal blood]. Pentoses 34-42 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 13068388-0 1953 Growth and pentose nucleic acid content of bean embryo. Pentoses 11-18 brain expressed associated with NEDD4 1 Homo sapiens 43-47 33983391-10 2021 Thus, HAP4-A and TUP1 are involved in repression of xylose metabolism and fermentation in yeast O. polymorpha and their deletion could be a viable strategy to improve ethanol production from this pentose. Pentoses 196-203 chromatin-silencing transcriptional regulator TUP1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 17-21 33608932-6 2021 Xylanase and protease combination produced the greatest pentose (Pent) levels in APLF diets but lowest levels in HF diets. Pentoses 56-63 aprataxin and PNKP like factor Gallus gallus 81-85 33608932-6 2021 Xylanase and protease combination produced the greatest pentose (Pent) levels in APLF diets but lowest levels in HF diets. Pentoses 65-69 aprataxin and PNKP like factor Gallus gallus 81-85 32299048-4 2020 This work proved that the cultivation strategy used allowed the biological production of LA, reaching 37%w/w when the SHH was composed of 85% pentoses. Pentoses 142-150 sonic hedgehog signaling molecule Homo sapiens 118-121 32299048-5 2020 In addition, the simultaneous biological production of LA and PHB was possible when the SHH was enriched with acetate (45% pentoses - 50% acetate). Pentoses 123-131 prohibitin 1 Homo sapiens 62-65 32299048-5 2020 In addition, the simultaneous biological production of LA and PHB was possible when the SHH was enriched with acetate (45% pentoses - 50% acetate). Pentoses 123-131 sonic hedgehog signaling molecule Homo sapiens 88-91 13461759-0 1957 A comparison of the effects of tolbutamide and insulin on infused pentoses; a study in man. Pentoses 66-74 insulin Homo sapiens 47-54 33996960-8 2021 Our results revealed that the lncRNA profile in host cells affected by ORF3, swine HEV ORF3, might affect the pentose and glucuronate interconversions and mediate the formation of obstructive jaundice by influencing bile secretion, which will help to determine the function of ORF3 and the infection mechanism and treatment of swine HE. Pentoses 110-117 ankyrin repeat, SAM and basic leucine zipper domain containing 1 Homo sapiens 71-75 33996960-8 2021 Our results revealed that the lncRNA profile in host cells affected by ORF3, swine HEV ORF3, might affect the pentose and glucuronate interconversions and mediate the formation of obstructive jaundice by influencing bile secretion, which will help to determine the function of ORF3 and the infection mechanism and treatment of swine HE. Pentoses 110-117 ankyrin repeat, SAM and basic leucine zipper domain containing 1 Homo sapiens 87-91 33996960-8 2021 Our results revealed that the lncRNA profile in host cells affected by ORF3, swine HEV ORF3, might affect the pentose and glucuronate interconversions and mediate the formation of obstructive jaundice by influencing bile secretion, which will help to determine the function of ORF3 and the infection mechanism and treatment of swine HE. Pentoses 110-117 ankyrin repeat, SAM and basic leucine zipper domain containing 1 Homo sapiens 87-91 33458605-5 2021 Foxa2-bound loci in spermatogonial chromatin were overrepresented by conserved stemness genes (Dusp6, Gfra1, Etv5, Rest, Nanos2, Foxp1) that intersect bioinformatically with conserved glutathione/pentose phosphate metabolism genes (Tkt, Gss, Gc l c , Gc l m, Gpx1, Gpx4, Fth), marking elevated spermatogonial GSH:GSSG. Pentoses 196-203 forkhead box A2 Rattus norvegicus 0-5 31769880-1 2020 Transaldolase (TAL) is an enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) that generates NADPH for protection against oxidative stress. Pentoses 40-57 transaldolase 1 Homo sapiens 15-18 31586547-0 2019 gamma-6-Phosphogluconolactone, a Byproduct of the Oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway, Contributes to AMPK Activation through Inhibition of PP2A. Pentoses 60-77 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 102-106 32067911-0 2020 Ginsenoside Rh2 pretreatment and withdrawal reactivated the pentose phosphate pathway to ameliorate intracellular redox disturbance and promoted intratumoral penetration of adriamycin. Pentoses 60-77 Rh associated glycoprotein Homo sapiens 12-15 32067911-4 2020 Here, we found that ginsenoside Rh2 pretreatment mildly downregulated P-gp expression through reactivating the pentose phosphate pathway and rebalancing redox status. Pentoses 111-128 Rh associated glycoprotein Homo sapiens 32-35 32067911-4 2020 Here, we found that ginsenoside Rh2 pretreatment mildly downregulated P-gp expression through reactivating the pentose phosphate pathway and rebalancing redox status. Pentoses 111-128 phosphoglycolate phosphatase Homo sapiens 70-74 31985003-8 2020 Newly implicated genes identified in the eQTL analysis include those encoding proteins that make up the dystrophin complex, a scaffold for signaling proteins and transporters at the cell membrane; MLXIP that, with the previously identified MLXIPL, is a transcription factor that may regulate serum urate via the pentose-phosphate pathway; and MRPS7 and IDH2 that encode proteins necessary for mitochondrial function. Pentoses 312-329 MLX interacting protein Homo sapiens 197-202 31985003-8 2020 Newly implicated genes identified in the eQTL analysis include those encoding proteins that make up the dystrophin complex, a scaffold for signaling proteins and transporters at the cell membrane; MLXIP that, with the previously identified MLXIPL, is a transcription factor that may regulate serum urate via the pentose-phosphate pathway; and MRPS7 and IDH2 that encode proteins necessary for mitochondrial function. Pentoses 312-329 MLX interacting protein like Homo sapiens 240-246 32058040-0 2020 Placental growth factor regulates the pentose phosphate pathway and antioxidant defense systems in human retinal endothelial cells. Pentoses 38-55 placental growth factor Homo sapiens 0-23 31670839-0 2020 Disrupted hepatic pentose phosphate pathway directly participates in and indirectly promotes cyp3a-reduction: a new strategy for cyp3a-mediated drug hepatotoxicity. Pentoses 18-35 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 11 Mus musculus 93-98 31670839-0 2020 Disrupted hepatic pentose phosphate pathway directly participates in and indirectly promotes cyp3a-reduction: a new strategy for cyp3a-mediated drug hepatotoxicity. Pentoses 18-35 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 11 Mus musculus 129-134 32059792-6 2020 However, genetic loss of glucose transporter 1, interference with glycolysis, or interference with the pentose phosphate pathway reduced the proliferation of AT2 cells. Pentoses 103-120 angiotensin II receptor type 2 Homo sapiens 158-161 31949131-1 2020 Transketolase (TKT), which is a metabolic enzyme in the nonoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), plays an important role in providing cancer cells with raw materials for macromolecular biosynthesis. Pentoses 82-99 transketolase Homo sapiens 0-13 31848848-8 2020 As new evidence provided in this study, we demonstrated that the DEHP affected the two enzymes" activities of the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD). Pentoses 137-154 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 164-197 31848848-8 2020 As new evidence provided in this study, we demonstrated that the DEHP affected the two enzymes" activities of the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD). Pentoses 137-154 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 199-203 31848848-8 2020 As new evidence provided in this study, we demonstrated that the DEHP affected the two enzymes" activities of the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD). Pentoses 137-154 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 209-241 31848848-8 2020 As new evidence provided in this study, we demonstrated that the DEHP affected the two enzymes" activities of the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD). Pentoses 137-154 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 243-247 31707353-1 2020 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway that modulates cellular redox homeostasis via the regeneration of NADPH. Pentoses 76-93 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-33 31707353-1 2020 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway that modulates cellular redox homeostasis via the regeneration of NADPH. Pentoses 76-93 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 35-39 31586547-1 2019 The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (oxiPPP) contributes to cell metabolism through not only the production of metabolic intermediates and reductive NADPH but also inhibition of LKB1-AMPK signaling by ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru-5-P), the product of the third oxiPPP enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD). Pentoses 14-31 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 309-313 31769880-1 2020 Transaldolase (TAL) is an enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) that generates NADPH for protection against oxidative stress. Pentoses 40-57 transaldolase 1 Homo sapiens 0-13 31670839-8 2020 The contribution of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to CYP3A reduction was investigated by chemical interfering and silencing of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Pentoses 20-37 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 11 Mus musculus 55-60 31935112-5 2020 Pharmacological inhibition of TXNIP by azaserine enhanced glucose uptake and imparted a specific metabolic effect on glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Pentoses 132-149 thioredoxin interacting protein Bos taurus 30-35 31949131-1 2020 Transketolase (TKT), which is a metabolic enzyme in the nonoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), plays an important role in providing cancer cells with raw materials for macromolecular biosynthesis. Pentoses 82-99 transketolase Homo sapiens 15-18 31586547-0 2019 gamma-6-Phosphogluconolactone, a Byproduct of the Oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway, Contributes to AMPK Activation through Inhibition of PP2A. Pentoses 60-77 protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator Homo sapiens 140-144 31586547-1 2019 The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (oxiPPP) contributes to cell metabolism through not only the production of metabolic intermediates and reductive NADPH but also inhibition of LKB1-AMPK signaling by ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru-5-P), the product of the third oxiPPP enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD). Pentoses 14-31 serine/threonine kinase 11 Homo sapiens 182-186 31586547-1 2019 The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (oxiPPP) contributes to cell metabolism through not only the production of metabolic intermediates and reductive NADPH but also inhibition of LKB1-AMPK signaling by ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru-5-P), the product of the third oxiPPP enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD). Pentoses 14-31 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 187-191 31756931-5 2019 Assays performed in RCC-derived cell lines showed that miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p targeted genes of PPP (the pentose phosphate pathway) (G6PD and TKT), the TCA (tricarboxylic acid cycle) cycle (SUCLG2), and arginine metabolism (GATM), respectively. Pentoses 109-126 microRNA 155 Homo sapiens 71-78 31756931-5 2019 Assays performed in RCC-derived cell lines showed that miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p targeted genes of PPP (the pentose phosphate pathway) (G6PD and TKT), the TCA (tricarboxylic acid cycle) cycle (SUCLG2), and arginine metabolism (GATM), respectively. Pentoses 109-126 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 137-141 31756931-5 2019 Assays performed in RCC-derived cell lines showed that miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p targeted genes of PPP (the pentose phosphate pathway) (G6PD and TKT), the TCA (tricarboxylic acid cycle) cycle (SUCLG2), and arginine metabolism (GATM), respectively. Pentoses 109-126 transketolase Homo sapiens 146-149 31756931-5 2019 Assays performed in RCC-derived cell lines showed that miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p targeted genes of PPP (the pentose phosphate pathway) (G6PD and TKT), the TCA (tricarboxylic acid cycle) cycle (SUCLG2), and arginine metabolism (GATM), respectively. Pentoses 109-126 succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta Homo sapiens 194-200 31756931-5 2019 Assays performed in RCC-derived cell lines showed that miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p targeted genes of PPP (the pentose phosphate pathway) (G6PD and TKT), the TCA (tricarboxylic acid cycle) cycle (SUCLG2), and arginine metabolism (GATM), respectively. Pentoses 109-126 glycine amidinotransferase Homo sapiens 228-232 31756931-11 2019 miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p emerge as a key "metabomiRs" that target genes of crucial metabolic pathways (PPP (the pentose phosphate pathway), TCA cycle, and arginine metabolism). Pentoses 114-131 microRNA 155 Homo sapiens 16-23 31730859-4 2019 Genes involved in glycolysis (PFKP), pentose phosphate pathway (G6PD), and defense against lipid peroxidation (GPX4) scored high as synthetic sick/lethal. Pentoses 37-54 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 64-68 31814893-3 2019 In this study, we found that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a critical enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, contributed to cisplatin resistance in NSCLC. Pentoses 96-113 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 29-62 31814893-3 2019 In this study, we found that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a critical enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, contributed to cisplatin resistance in NSCLC. Pentoses 96-113 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 64-68 31740660-8 2019 The CD133+ population further routed metabolites like glucose to shunt pathways like pentose phosphate pathway, that were predominantly biosynthetic in spite of being quiescent in nature but did not use it immediately for nucleic acid synthesis. Pentoses 85-102 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 4-9 31550253-13 2019 In contrast, the pentose phosphate pathway seemed to be increased as the hepatic gene expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was higher in 1-triple TTA treated rats compared to controls. Pentoses 17-34 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 100-133 31557707-1 2019 The glucose metabolism in the pentose cycle is essential to the source of NADPH. Pentoses 30-37 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1 Homo sapiens 74-79 31581149-6 2019 Modulation of the NADPH-producing pentose phosphate pathway, but not the prevention of hemoglobin autoxidation by conversion of oxyhemoglobin to carboxyhemoglobin, provided protection against storage-induced alterations in RBCs, demonstrating the central role of NADPH in mitigating increased susceptibility of stored RBCs to oxidative stress. Pentoses 34-51 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1 Homo sapiens 18-23 31611995-1 2019 Transketolase genes are key rate-limiting enzymes in the non-oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway, which is an important metabolic pathway in ribose-5-phosphate production. Pentoses 83-100 transketolase Homo sapiens 0-13 31550253-13 2019 In contrast, the pentose phosphate pathway seemed to be increased as the hepatic gene expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was higher in 1-triple TTA treated rats compared to controls. Pentoses 17-34 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 135-139 31229571-9 2019 Heat shock (40 C-42 C) increased GSH levels, expression of glucose transporter GLUT1, and enzymatic activity and expression of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose cycle. Pentoses 202-209 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 128-161 31484452-8 2019 The KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) annotation of the differentially expressed genes indicated that main pathways affected were pentose and glucuronide interactions, starch and sucrose metabolism, retinol metabolism and PPAR signaling. Pentoses 143-150 PPARA Oryctolagus cuniculus 235-239 31229571-9 2019 Heat shock (40 C-42 C) increased GSH levels, expression of glucose transporter GLUT1, and enzymatic activity and expression of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose cycle. Pentoses 202-209 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 163-167 29771304-3 2018 To force simultaneous utilisation of xylose and glucose, the genes encoding glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (PGI1) and ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase (RPE1) were deleted in a xylose-isomerase-based xylose-fermenting strain with a modified oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 247-254 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 76-105 31307014-4 2019 The expression and activity of transketolase (TKT), an important enzyme in the pentose shunt, were decreased in the brain, indicating that TKT may be involved in D-ribose metabolism in T1DM. Pentoses 79-86 transketolase Homo sapiens 31-44 31307014-4 2019 The expression and activity of transketolase (TKT), an important enzyme in the pentose shunt, were decreased in the brain, indicating that TKT may be involved in D-ribose metabolism in T1DM. Pentoses 79-86 transketolase Homo sapiens 46-49 31307014-4 2019 The expression and activity of transketolase (TKT), an important enzyme in the pentose shunt, were decreased in the brain, indicating that TKT may be involved in D-ribose metabolism in T1DM. Pentoses 79-86 transketolase Homo sapiens 139-142 30674871-0 2019 Thymidine phosphorylase promotes malignant progression in hepatocellular carcinoma through pentose Warburg effect. Pentoses 91-98 thymidine phosphorylase Homo sapiens 0-23 30674871-8 2019 Hence, TP, when transcriptionally activated by Twist1, promotes HCC VM formation and metastasis through the pentose Warburg effect and contributes to tumor progression. Pentoses 108-115 twist family bHLH transcription factor 1 Homo sapiens 47-53 30460429-0 2019 APC-Cdh1 Regulates Neuronal Apoptosis Through Modulating Glycolysis and Pentose-Phosphate Pathway After Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reperfusion. Pentoses 72-79 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 4-8 30379558-2 2018 DHEA possesses an inhibitory action on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the first pentose-phosphate pathway enzyme that reduces NADP+ to NADPH. Pentoses 91-98 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 39-72 30379558-2 2018 DHEA possesses an inhibitory action on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the first pentose-phosphate pathway enzyme that reduces NADP+ to NADPH. Pentoses 91-98 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 74-78 29771304-3 2018 To force simultaneous utilisation of xylose and glucose, the genes encoding glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (PGI1) and ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase (RPE1) were deleted in a xylose-isomerase-based xylose-fermenting strain with a modified oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 247-254 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 107-111 29771304-3 2018 To force simultaneous utilisation of xylose and glucose, the genes encoding glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (PGI1) and ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase (RPE1) were deleted in a xylose-isomerase-based xylose-fermenting strain with a modified oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 247-254 ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase RPE1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 149-153 29849117-6 2018 Metabolomics data raised the possibility that distant metastases evolved a core pentose conversion pathway (PCP) that converted glucose-derived metabolites into PGD substrate, thereby hyperactivating the enzyme. Pentoses 80-87 phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 161-164 28092678-4 2017 Depletion of PFKFB4 from p53-deficient cancer cells increased levels of the allosteric regulator fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, leading to increased glycolytic activity but decreased routing of metabolites through the oxidative arm of the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 235-242 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 Homo sapiens 13-19 30038898-7 2018 LonP1 upregulation also induced opposite changes in oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and pentose pathway in SW480 primary colon tumor cells when compared to SW620 metastatic colon cancer cells. Pentoses 95-102 lon peptidase 1, mitochondrial Homo sapiens 0-5 29650443-13 2018 CONCLUSIONS: Downregulated miR-136-5p may target UGT1A7 and ADH7 and participate in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and retinol metabolism. Pentoses 119-126 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A7 Homo sapiens 49-55 29650443-13 2018 CONCLUSIONS: Downregulated miR-136-5p may target UGT1A7 and ADH7 and participate in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and retinol metabolism. Pentoses 119-126 alcohol dehydrogenase 7 (class IV), mu or sigma polypeptide Homo sapiens 60-64 29416562-9 2018 Additional deletion of GPD2, which encodes an isoenzyme of NAD+-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, combined with overexpression of the structural genes for enzymes of the non-oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway, yielded a CO2-reducing strain that grew at the same rate as a non-engineered reference strain in anaerobic bioreactor batch cultures, while exhibiting a 86% lower glycerol yield and a 15% higher ethanol yield. Pentoses 196-203 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) GPD2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 23-27 30181873-5 2018 Results: We show that 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly induces the expression and activity of the pentose phosphate pathway enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in all BCa cell lines, however differentially influences glycolytic and respiratory rates in the same cells. Pentoses 91-98 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 124-157 30181873-5 2018 Results: We show that 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly induces the expression and activity of the pentose phosphate pathway enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in all BCa cell lines, however differentially influences glycolytic and respiratory rates in the same cells. Pentoses 91-98 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 159-163 29635516-5 2018 Significant metabolic reprogramming was found in well-established pathways associated with mTORC1 activation, including redox homeostasis, glutamine/tricarboxylic acid cycle, pentose and nucleotide metabolism. Pentoses 175-182 CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1 Mus musculus 91-97 29311272-8 2018 In contrast to all other STPs, STP7 does not transport hexoses but is specific for the pentoses l-arabinose and d-xylose. Pentoses 87-95 sugar transporter protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 31-35 28952648-5 2017 Ribose production by HAp may be a reason why a pentose backbone was incorporated into nucleic acids in the prebiotic world. Pentoses 47-54 BAG cochaperone 1 Homo sapiens 21-24 29152106-4 2017 We disrupted the upstream glycolytic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), to allow cells to re-route glucose-6-phosphate flux into the pentose-phosphate branch. Pentoses 143-150 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 45-74 29152106-4 2017 We disrupted the upstream glycolytic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), to allow cells to re-route glucose-6-phosphate flux into the pentose-phosphate branch. Pentoses 143-150 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 76-79 28092678-4 2017 Depletion of PFKFB4 from p53-deficient cancer cells increased levels of the allosteric regulator fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, leading to increased glycolytic activity but decreased routing of metabolites through the oxidative arm of the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 235-242 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 25-28 27207834-6 2016 The pentose pathway was activated as indicated by increased G6PD activity and NADPH level. Pentoses 4-11 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 60-64 28086956-15 2017 LPS increased the mRNA expression of the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose pathway glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and EP2 activity was involved in this effect. Pentoses 69-76 prostaglandin E receptor 2 (subtype EP2) Mus musculus 124-127 29047080-3 2017 The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose shunt) and glucose flux through the shunt pathway is increased in various lung cells including, the stem cells, in pulmonary hypertension. Pentoses 85-92 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 18-51 28659902-7 2017 Using this animal model, we found that B. abortus infected cells and tissues contained aldose reductase, an enzyme that can account for the production of erythritol from pentose cycle precursors. Pentoses 170-177 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B Homo sapiens 87-103 27711253-6 2016 Besides, HSPB1 activates G6PD to sustain cellular NADPH and pentose production in glioma cells. Pentoses 60-67 heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 Homo sapiens 9-14 27711253-6 2016 Besides, HSPB1 activates G6PD to sustain cellular NADPH and pentose production in glioma cells. Pentoses 60-67 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 25-29 26215787-5 2015 RESULTS: The apparent cooperative behavior of AR acting on glucose and other hexoses and pentoses, but not on tethroses, glyceraldehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, is generated by a partial nonclassical competitive inhibition exerted by the aldose hemiacetal on the reduction of the free aldehyde. Pentoses 89-97 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B Homo sapiens 46-48 27379200-7 2016 Studies of human lymphoma cells demonstrated that inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling produced changes in flux through the glycolytic, pentose shunt, and TCA cycle pathways that were evident within 8 h of treatment and increased at 24 and 48 h. Lactate was demonstrated to be a suitable biomarker of mTOR inhibition that could readily be monitored by (1)H MRS and perhaps also by FDG-PET and hyperpolarized (13)C MRS methods. Pentoses 160-167 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 64-93 27379200-7 2016 Studies of human lymphoma cells demonstrated that inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling produced changes in flux through the glycolytic, pentose shunt, and TCA cycle pathways that were evident within 8 h of treatment and increased at 24 and 48 h. Lactate was demonstrated to be a suitable biomarker of mTOR inhibition that could readily be monitored by (1)H MRS and perhaps also by FDG-PET and hyperpolarized (13)C MRS methods. Pentoses 160-167 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 95-99 26996892-4 2016 Moreover, Hxt11 and Hxt15 are capable of transporting xylitol, a five-carbon polyol derived from xylose, the most abundant pentose in lignocellulosic biomass. Pentoses 123-130 hexose transporter HXT11 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 10-15 26996892-4 2016 Moreover, Hxt11 and Hxt15 are capable of transporting xylitol, a five-carbon polyol derived from xylose, the most abundant pentose in lignocellulosic biomass. Pentoses 123-130 hexose transporter HXT15 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 20-25 26907172-2 2016 Transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) is a homodimeric transketolase linking the pentose-phosphate pathway with the glycolytic pathway. Pentoses 72-79 transketolase like 1 Homo sapiens 0-20 26907172-2 2016 Transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) is a homodimeric transketolase linking the pentose-phosphate pathway with the glycolytic pathway. Pentoses 72-79 transketolase like 1 Homo sapiens 22-27 26858738-6 2016 Analysis of the peptide carrying nine potential O-glycosylation sites in the IgA1 alpha chain hinge region showed the presence of plant-specific modifications including hydroxyproline formation and the attachment of pentoses. Pentoses 216-224 immunoglobulin heavy constant alpha 1 Homo sapiens 77-81 26349965-1 2015 Transketolase-like-1 (TKTL1), which is a rate-limiting enzyme in the non-oxidative part of the pentose-phosphate pathway, has been demonstrated to promote carcinogenesis through enhanced aerobic glycolysis. Pentoses 95-102 transketolase like 1 Homo sapiens 0-20 26129747-8 2015 Due to the ability of Gal2p and these two newly characterized transporters to transport both L-arabinose and D-xylose, one scenario for the complete usage of biomass-derived pentose sugars would require only the low-affinity, high-throughput transporter Gal2p and one additional high-affinity general pentose transporter, rather than dedicated D-xylose or L-arabinose transporters. Pentoses 174-181 galactose permease GAL2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 22-27 26129747-8 2015 Due to the ability of Gal2p and these two newly characterized transporters to transport both L-arabinose and D-xylose, one scenario for the complete usage of biomass-derived pentose sugars would require only the low-affinity, high-throughput transporter Gal2p and one additional high-affinity general pentose transporter, rather than dedicated D-xylose or L-arabinose transporters. Pentoses 174-181 galactose permease GAL2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 254-259 26457526-4 2015 Some lactobacilli are heterofermentative and can metabolize pentoses, using a pathway in which transketolase and transaldolase are key enzymes. Pentoses 60-68 transketolase Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118 95-108 26349965-1 2015 Transketolase-like-1 (TKTL1), which is a rate-limiting enzyme in the non-oxidative part of the pentose-phosphate pathway, has been demonstrated to promote carcinogenesis through enhanced aerobic glycolysis. Pentoses 95-102 transketolase like 1 Homo sapiens 22-27 24872551-1 2014 TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) inhibits glycolysis and increases the flow of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which generates NADPH and pentose. Pentoses 102-109 Trp53 induced glycolysis regulatory phosphatase Mus musculus 0-47 26018518-4 2015 METHODS: This study investigated IDH mutations in 61 Ewing sarcoma family tumors (ESFTs), using a pentose nucleic acid clamping method and direct sequencing. Pentoses 98-105 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1 Homo sapiens 33-36 24808535-4 2014 LLC-PK1-FBPase(+) cells grow in the absence of hexoses and pentoses and exhibit enhanced oxidative metabolism and increased levels of phosphate-dependent glutaminase. Pentoses 59-67 fructose-bisphosphatase 1 Sus scrofa 8-14 25905030-10 2014 The decrease in intrahepatic Mg2+ content up-regulates G6P entry into the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum and its routing into the pentose shunt pathway for energetic purposes. Pentoses 129-136 mucolipin TRP cation channel 1 Homo sapiens 29-32 24872551-1 2014 TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) inhibits glycolysis and increases the flow of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which generates NADPH and pentose. Pentoses 102-109 Trp53 induced glycolysis regulatory phosphatase Mus musculus 49-54 24872551-1 2014 TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) inhibits glycolysis and increases the flow of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which generates NADPH and pentose. Pentoses 102-109 2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial Mus musculus 151-156 22982063-11 2013 In diabetes, benfotiamine induces key thiamine-dependent enzymes of the pentose shunt to reduce accumulation of toxic metabolites including advanced glycation end products (AGE). Pentoses 72-79 renin binding protein Homo sapiens 173-176 24220328-7 2014 This was also true for the pentose pathway ( PGD, TKT), which is involved in synthesis of ribose precursors of RNA and DNA. Pentoses 27-34 transketolase Bos taurus 50-53 22421967-0 2012 Excitotoxic stimulus stabilizes PFKFB3 causing pentose-phosphate pathway to glycolysis switch and neurodegeneration. Pentoses 47-54 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 Homo sapiens 32-38 23693134-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), elevated in tumor cells, catalyzes the first reaction in the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 115-122 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 12-45 23693134-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), elevated in tumor cells, catalyzes the first reaction in the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 115-122 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 47-51 23179721-2 2013 In mammals, XK is the last enzyme in the glucuronate-xylulose pathway, active in the liver and kidneys, and is linked through its product Xu5P to the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 150-157 xylulokinase Homo sapiens 12-14 23015612-0 2012 Activated glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is associated with insulin resistance by upregulating pentose and pentosidine in diet-induced obesity of rats. Pentoses 98-105 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 10-43 23015612-1 2012 Recent studies have shown that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme for the pentose phosphate pathway, was involved in insulin resistance via reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, while the roles of pentose were not examined. Pentoses 106-113 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 31-64 23015612-1 2012 Recent studies have shown that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme for the pentose phosphate pathway, was involved in insulin resistance via reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, while the roles of pentose were not examined. Pentoses 106-113 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 66-70 23015612-6 2012 G6PD activities were increased in the pancreas and liver with upregulated pentose levels in serum, pancreas, and liver of OP rats. Pentoses 74-81 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 0-4 23015612-9 2012 Our results suggest that the upregulation of G6PD causes an increase in the accumulation of pentose and pentosidine, which might be associated with insulin resistance in the condition of obesity. Pentoses 92-99 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 45-49 22658715-2 2012 The metabolic switch from oxidative glycolysis to nonoxidative fermentation in tumors has been associated with overexpression of the transketolase-like-1-gene (TKTL1), which encodes an essential and rate-limiting enzyme in the nonoxidative part of the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 252-259 transketolase like 1 Homo sapiens 133-158 22943417-9 2012 On the other hand, G6PD expression was 3-fold higher in T98G cells and this may indicate a shift to the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 104-111 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 19-23 22658715-2 2012 The metabolic switch from oxidative glycolysis to nonoxidative fermentation in tumors has been associated with overexpression of the transketolase-like-1-gene (TKTL1), which encodes an essential and rate-limiting enzyme in the nonoxidative part of the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 252-259 transketolase like 1 Homo sapiens 160-165 22560034-11 2012 Pentose concentrations were greater (P = 0.02) in RF of steers fed high DFC (100.2 muM) than steers fed low DFC (177.0 muM). Pentoses 0-7 latexin Homo sapiens 83-86 22661920-0 2012 Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 control tumor progression and direct glucose oxidation in the pentose cycle. Pentoses 95-102 proliferating cell nuclear antigen Homo sapiens 0-6 22421407-9 2012 The value of Rb(1) is higher than that of Rb(2) or Rb(3), indicating that ginsenosides with hexose and hydroxyl groups (Rb(1)) could present better pharmacokinetic behaviors than those with pentose groups in the same glycosylation site by oral administration. Pentoses 190-197 RB transcriptional corepressor 1 Rattus norvegicus 13-18 22421407-9 2012 The value of Rb(1) is higher than that of Rb(2) or Rb(3), indicating that ginsenosides with hexose and hydroxyl groups (Rb(1)) could present better pharmacokinetic behaviors than those with pentose groups in the same glycosylation site by oral administration. Pentoses 190-197 RB transcriptional corepressor 1 Rattus norvegicus 120-125 22424089-11 2012 Nevertheless, constitutive overexpression of pentose-transporting hexose transporters like Hxt7 and Gal2 could improve pentose consumption in the presence of D-glucose. Pentoses 45-52 hexose transporter HXT7 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 91-95 22424089-11 2012 Nevertheless, constitutive overexpression of pentose-transporting hexose transporters like Hxt7 and Gal2 could improve pentose consumption in the presence of D-glucose. Pentoses 45-52 galactose permease GAL2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 100-104 22560034-11 2012 Pentose concentrations were greater (P = 0.02) in RF of steers fed high DFC (100.2 muM) than steers fed low DFC (177.0 muM). Pentoses 0-7 latexin Homo sapiens 119-122 20711518-5 2010 It has recently become evident that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate limiting enzyme in the pentose-phosphate pathway and its reaction products play key roles in regulating vascular function. Pentoses 110-117 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 36-69 20570159-1 2010 Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) catalyzes the first step of the pentose-phosphate pathway which supplies cells with ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) and NADPH. Pentoses 74-81 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-33 20570159-1 2010 Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) catalyzes the first step of the pentose-phosphate pathway which supplies cells with ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) and NADPH. Pentoses 74-81 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 35-40 21185256-7 2011 The fixed signs of control coefficients indicate that metabolic changes following the oncogenic transformation-increased glycolysis and oxidative branch of the pentose-phosphate pathway, and decreased concentration in sugar-phosphates-could be associated with increases in activity for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, and decrease for transketolase. Pentoses 160-167 transketolase Mus musculus 381-394 21117170-1 2010 Transketolase (TK, EC 2.2.1.1), the key enzyme of the non-oxidative branch of pentose phosphate pathway of hydrocarbon transformation, plays an important role in a system of substrate rearrangement between pentose shunt and glycolysis, acting as a reversible link between the two metabolic pathways. Pentoses 78-85 transketolase Homo sapiens 0-13 21117170-1 2010 Transketolase (TK, EC 2.2.1.1), the key enzyme of the non-oxidative branch of pentose phosphate pathway of hydrocarbon transformation, plays an important role in a system of substrate rearrangement between pentose shunt and glycolysis, acting as a reversible link between the two metabolic pathways. Pentoses 78-85 transketolase Homo sapiens 15-17 20711518-5 2010 It has recently become evident that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate limiting enzyme in the pentose-phosphate pathway and its reaction products play key roles in regulating vascular function. Pentoses 110-117 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 71-75 19231202-2 2009 G6PDH catalyzes the first step of the pentose-phosphate pathway supplying cells with ribose 5-phosphate, a precursor of nucleic acid synthesis, and NADPH for biosynthetic processes and protection against oxidative stress. Pentoses 38-45 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-5 19686241-9 2009 Taken together, these results demonstrate that decreased TK activity leads to pentose-phosphate pathway dysfunction and contributes to impaired hippocampal neurogenesis induced by TD. Pentoses 78-85 transketolase Mus musculus 57-59 19369582-7 2009 A specific VEGF receptor-2 inhibitor demonstrated the importance of glycogen metabolism and pentose cycle pathway. Pentoses 92-99 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 11-15 16498815-8 2005 This group consists of: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R) end the enzymes of the pentose-phosphate shunt (PPS). Pentoses 152-159 glutathione-disulfide reductase Homo sapiens 98-119 18848569-8 2008 Since gluconolactonase is essential in the glucose secondary metabolic pathways leading to the synthesis of pentose, vitamin C, or "antiaging" factors, determination of its tertiary structure should help understand these important biochemical processes. Pentoses 108-115 regucalcin Homo sapiens 6-22 18581039-4 2008 In particular, TK is able to shift excess fructose-6-phosphate and glycerhaldeyde-3-phosphate from glycolysis into the pentose-phosphate shunt, thus eliminating these potentially damaging metabolites from the cytosol. Pentoses 119-126 transketolase Homo sapiens 15-17 18046457-3 2008 Here, we report that a thermophilic archaeon, Pyrococcus furiosus OST is composed of the STT3 protein alone, and catalyzes the transfer of a heptasaccharide, containing one hexouronate and two pentose residues, onto peptides in an Asn-X-Thr/Ser-motif-dependent manner. Pentoses 193-200 dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase non-catalytic subunit Homo sapiens 66-69 18046457-3 2008 Here, we report that a thermophilic archaeon, Pyrococcus furiosus OST is composed of the STT3 protein alone, and catalyzes the transfer of a heptasaccharide, containing one hexouronate and two pentose residues, onto peptides in an Asn-X-Thr/Ser-motif-dependent manner. Pentoses 193-200 dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 89-93 17085082-1 2007 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) present in Saccahromyces cerevisiae is an enzyme of the pentose pathway. Pentoses 97-104 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Glycine max 0-33 17085082-1 2007 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) present in Saccahromyces cerevisiae is an enzyme of the pentose pathway. Pentoses 97-104 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Glycine max 35-39 16234247-0 2006 Evidence that the 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD1) is regulated by pentose pathway flux. Pentoses 86-93 hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 18-25 16234247-0 2006 Evidence that the 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD1) is regulated by pentose pathway flux. Pentoses 86-93 hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 56-68 16234247-4 2006 Inasmuch as an oxo-reductase requires NADPH, we reasoned that 11 beta-HSD1 would be metabolically interconnected with the cytosolic pentose pathway because this pathway is the primary producer of reduced cellular pyridine nucleotides. Pentoses 132-139 hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 62-74 16234247-6 2006 Established inhibitors of NAPDH production via the pentose pathway (dehydroandrostenedione or norepinephrine) inhibited 11 beta-HSD1 oxo-reductase while decreasing cellular NADPH content. Pentoses 51-58 hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 120-132 16234247-11 2006 In summary, we have demonstrated a metabolic interconnection between pentose pathway and 11 beta-HSD1 oxo-reductase activities that is dependent on cytosolic NADPH production. Pentoses 69-76 hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 89-101 24489530-5 2006 Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone (10 muM) increased pentose synthesis from [U-13C18]stearate by 127% and 185%, respectively, while PNU-91325 rather increased glutamate synthesis in the Krebs cycle by 113% as compared to control vehicle treated cells. Pentoses 50-57 latexin Homo sapiens 35-38 16498815-8 2005 This group consists of: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R) end the enzymes of the pentose-phosphate shunt (PPS). Pentoses 152-159 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 24-44 19526128-2 2009 A negative correlation was revealed between locomotion of Wistar rats in the open field and activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the sensorimotor cortex, especially in efferent layer V neurons and neurons of the caudate nucleus and nucleus accumbens, which attested to different capacity of the brain in Wistar rats with high and low open-field locomotion to regeneration of phosphopyridine nucleotides (NADP(+)) and production of pentoses via the pentose phosphate shunt. Pentoses 443-451 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 104-137 17317338-3 2007 In particular, this topology suggests the potential of post-exchange base pairing in the unorthodox configuration of syn-syn glycosidic bonds between the nucleotide bases and the pentose rings in the sugar-phosphate backbone, which would transiently be stabilized by the external scaffolding of the RecA protein filament. Pentoses 179-186 synemin Homo sapiens 117-120 17317338-3 2007 In particular, this topology suggests the potential of post-exchange base pairing in the unorthodox configuration of syn-syn glycosidic bonds between the nucleotide bases and the pentose rings in the sugar-phosphate backbone, which would transiently be stabilized by the external scaffolding of the RecA protein filament. Pentoses 179-186 synemin Homo sapiens 121-124 17317338-3 2007 In particular, this topology suggests the potential of post-exchange base pairing in the unorthodox configuration of syn-syn glycosidic bonds between the nucleotide bases and the pentose rings in the sugar-phosphate backbone, which would transiently be stabilized by the external scaffolding of the RecA protein filament. Pentoses 179-186 RAD51 recombinase Homo sapiens 299-303 16912547-7 2006 By setting the intracellular fructose-2,6-bisphosphate concentration, PFKFB3 controls glycolytic flux to lactate and the nonoxidative pentose shunt, and is selectively required for the tumorigenic growth of ras-transformed cells. Pentoses 134-141 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 Homo sapiens 70-76 15598803-5 2005 Unexpectedly, however, AtPLT5 catalyzes also the transport of the cyclic polyol myo-inositol and of different hexoses and pentoses, including ribose, a sugar that is not transported by any of the previously characterized plant sugar transporters. Pentoses 122-130 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 23-29 15525644-4 2005 A wide range of sugars including hexoses, pentoses, tetroses, a sugar acid, and sugar alcohols but not disaccharides induced inward currents in oocytes expressing AtPLT5. Pentoses 42-50 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 163-169 15205420-0 2004 Presence of a novel phosphopentomutase and a 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate aldolase reveals a metabolic link between pentoses and central carbon metabolism in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis. Pentoses 113-121 deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase Homo sapiens 45-79 15145932-3 2004 We hypothesized that collectins, such as pulmonary surfactant proteins (SPs) SP-A and SP-D and serum protein mannose-binding lectin, could recognize nucleic acids, pentose-based anionic phosphate polymers. Pentoses 164-171 surfactant associated protein A1 Mus musculus 77-81 15145932-3 2004 We hypothesized that collectins, such as pulmonary surfactant proteins (SPs) SP-A and SP-D and serum protein mannose-binding lectin, could recognize nucleic acids, pentose-based anionic phosphate polymers. Pentoses 164-171 surfactant associated protein D Mus musculus 86-90 15145932-5 2004 Pentoses, such as arabinose, ribose, and deoxyribose, inhibit the interaction between SP-D and mannan, one of the well-studied hexose ligands for SP-D, and biologically relevant d-forms of the pentoses are better competitors than the l-forms. Pentoses 0-8 surfactant associated protein D Mus musculus 86-90 15145932-5 2004 Pentoses, such as arabinose, ribose, and deoxyribose, inhibit the interaction between SP-D and mannan, one of the well-studied hexose ligands for SP-D, and biologically relevant d-forms of the pentoses are better competitors than the l-forms. Pentoses 0-8 surfactant associated protein D Mus musculus 146-150 15145932-5 2004 Pentoses, such as arabinose, ribose, and deoxyribose, inhibit the interaction between SP-D and mannan, one of the well-studied hexose ligands for SP-D, and biologically relevant d-forms of the pentoses are better competitors than the l-forms. Pentoses 193-201 surfactant associated protein D Mus musculus 86-90 15205420-9 2004 Our results clearly indicate the presence of a metabolic link between pentoses and central carbon metabolism in T. kodakaraensis, providing an alternative route for pentose biosynthesis through the functions of DERA and a structurally novel PPM. Pentoses 70-78 deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase Homo sapiens 211-215 15205420-9 2004 Our results clearly indicate the presence of a metabolic link between pentoses and central carbon metabolism in T. kodakaraensis, providing an alternative route for pentose biosynthesis through the functions of DERA and a structurally novel PPM. Pentoses 70-77 deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase Homo sapiens 211-215 14966117-5 2004 Disruption of FPS1, the aquaglyceroporin gene, reduced glucose-independent uptake by only about 25%, and the residual uptake was nearly completely inhibited by hexoses, including glucose, galactose, mannose, and fructose but not pentoses or disaccharides. Pentoses 229-237 Fps1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 14-18 12893755-4 2003 RNA ribose isolated from TRMA fibroblasts in thiamine-depleted cultures shows a time-dependent decrease in the fraction of ribose derived via transketolase, a thiamine-dependent enzyme in the pentose cycle. Pentoses 192-199 transketolase Homo sapiens 142-155 14988808-6 2004 RPI is the second known inborn error in the reversible phase of the PPP, confirming that defects in pentose and polyol metabolism constitute a new area of inborn metabolic disorders. Pentoses 100-107 ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A Homo sapiens 0-3 14670991-2 2004 Therefore, we have examined the expression of insulin-dependent gluconeogenic/glycolytic/pentose cycle enzymes and compared these to insulin responsiveness for peripheral vs. hepatic substrate flux and futile cycling in the PPAR alpha knockout mouse. Pentoses 89-96 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha Mus musculus 224-234 12351627-6 2002 Activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and transketolase were inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion, which correlated with decreased (13)C incorporation and pentose cycle substrate flow into RNA ribose. Pentoses 166-173 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 14-47 12717738-2 2003 G6PDH is the key rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose pathway and the expression of its gene has been shown to be redox-sensitive. Pentoses 45-52 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 0-5 12643793-18 2003 Overall the results suggest a major role for pentose cycle control of protein redox state coupled to the activities of the thioltransferase and thioredoxin systems. Pentoses 45-52 glutaredoxin Homo sapiens 123-139 12643793-18 2003 Overall the results suggest a major role for pentose cycle control of protein redox state coupled to the activities of the thioltransferase and thioredoxin systems. Pentoses 45-52 thioredoxin Cricetulus griseus 144-155 12453665-6 2003 The results showed that paraquat caused a large increase in hepatic glutathione reductase activity and induced hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, i.e., the rate-limiting enzyme in the oxidative part of the pentose-phosphate shunt. Pentoses 223-230 glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase Oncorhynchus mykiss 119-152 12351627-6 2002 Activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and transketolase were inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion, which correlated with decreased (13)C incorporation and pentose cycle substrate flow into RNA ribose. Pentoses 166-173 transketolase Homo sapiens 52-65 12427047-7 2002 Presumably, operation of this enzyme in the reverse direction enabled the transformed S. cerevisiae pgi1 deletion mutant to reoxidize the excess NADPH produced when glucose catabolism was forced through the pentose pathway. Pentoses 207-214 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 100-104 12297368-11 2002 The [TK]/[G6PDH]-ratios were considerably lower in the M74-groups than in the healthy controls, indicating an imbalance between the oxidative and the non-oxidative part of the pentose-phosphate shunt due to a deficit in thiamine. Pentoses 176-183 glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Salmo salar 10-15 10329449-2 1999 One such enzyme, transketolase, catalyzes two of three reactions for entry into the pentose-phosphate pathway, a major source of chemical reducing power. Pentoses 84-91 transketolase Mus musculus 17-30 11997043-1 2002 Alterations in the pentose ring of ATP have a major impact on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function. Pentoses 19-26 CF transmembrane conductance regulator Homo sapiens 62-113 11997043-1 2002 Alterations in the pentose ring of ATP have a major impact on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function. Pentoses 19-26 CF transmembrane conductance regulator Homo sapiens 115-119 11841784-5 2002 The results strongly support that the pentose may be converted to both PRPP and Rib1-P for the salvage of the adenine and uracil, respectively. Pentoses 38-45 ribonuclease A family member 1, pancreatic Rattus norvegicus 80-84 11457850-0 2001 NMR spectroscopic analysis of the first two steps of the pentose-phosphate pathway elucidates the role of 6-phosphogluconolactonase. Pentoses 57-64 6-phosphogluconolactonase Homo sapiens 106-131 10900719-1 2000 Progressive hypoxia and cell destruction leading to increased production of active oxygen forms by xanthinoxidase and manifesting by an increased level of uric acid in the blood in parallel with inhibited pentose cycle reaction due to low activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase determine the severity of peritonitis. Pentoses 205-212 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 251-284 10728670-0 2000 Transforming growth factor beta2 promotes glucose carbon incorporation into nucleic acid ribose through the nonoxidative pentose cycle in lung epithelial carcinoma cells. Pentoses 121-128 transforming growth factor beta 2 Homo sapiens 0-32 11489902-6 2001 The activity of transketolase, the enzyme responsible for nonoxidative ribose synthesis in the pentose cycle, was less affected, and there was a relative increase in glucose carbon incorporation into RNA through nonoxidative synthesis as indicated by the increase in the m2/Sigma(m)n ratio in RNA. Pentoses 95-102 transketolase Homo sapiens 16-29 11560897-5 2001 The latitudinal clines for several Pgm amino acid polymorphisms show that high PGM activity, and apparently higher flux to glycogen synthesis, parallel the low activity clines at G6PD for reduced pentose shunt flux in northern latitudes. Pentoses 196-203 Phosphoglucose mutase 1 Drosophila melanogaster 35-38 11560897-5 2001 The latitudinal clines for several Pgm amino acid polymorphisms show that high PGM activity, and apparently higher flux to glycogen synthesis, parallel the low activity clines at G6PD for reduced pentose shunt flux in northern latitudes. Pentoses 196-203 Zwischenferment Drosophila melanogaster 179-183 10605822-3 1999 In this work we studied the browning and crosslinking of the model protein, RNase A, by pentoses. Pentoses 88-96 ribonuclease A family member 1, pancreatic Homo sapiens 76-83 9581796-4 1998 An essential component of the metabolic adaptation of hepatic sinusoidal cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress is the stimulated expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the key enzyme of the pentose cycle (hexose monophosphate shunt, HMS). Pentoses 228-235 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 164-197 11674082-2 1999 The stereochemistry of the C-2 position was introduced selectively from the corresponding pentose derivative. Pentoses 90-97 complement C2 Homo sapiens 27-30 10074716-1 1999 The AtSTP2 gene (sugar transport protein 2) of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a high affinity, low specificity monosaccharide carrier that can transport a number of hexoses and pentoses at similar rates. Pentoses 175-183 sugar transporter 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-10 9612242-2 1998 The metabolism of [1,2-13C2]glucose by the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, transketolase (TK), and transaldolase (TA) reactions results in unique pentose and lactate isotopomers with either one or two 13C substitutions. Pentoses 149-156 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 43-76 9612242-2 1998 The metabolism of [1,2-13C2]glucose by the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, transketolase (TK), and transaldolase (TA) reactions results in unique pentose and lactate isotopomers with either one or two 13C substitutions. Pentoses 149-156 transketolase Homo sapiens 78-91 9612242-2 1998 The metabolism of [1,2-13C2]glucose by the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, transketolase (TK), and transaldolase (TA) reactions results in unique pentose and lactate isotopomers with either one or two 13C substitutions. Pentoses 149-156 transketolase Homo sapiens 93-95 9612242-2 1998 The metabolism of [1,2-13C2]glucose by the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, transketolase (TK), and transaldolase (TA) reactions results in unique pentose and lactate isotopomers with either one or two 13C substitutions. Pentoses 149-156 transaldolase 1 Homo sapiens 102-115 9612242-2 1998 The metabolism of [1,2-13C2]glucose by the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, transketolase (TK), and transaldolase (TA) reactions results in unique pentose and lactate isotopomers with either one or two 13C substitutions. Pentoses 149-156 transaldolase 1 Homo sapiens 117-119 10344501-7 1999 The knowledge of glucose uptake and of pentose cycle value allowed us to perform accurate measurement of the pentose phosphate pathway flux, of the hexokinase and phosphofructokinase fluxes as well as, indirectly, of the carbon dioxide production. Pentoses 39-46 hexokinase 1 Homo sapiens 148-182 9581796-4 1998 An essential component of the metabolic adaptation of hepatic sinusoidal cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress is the stimulated expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the key enzyme of the pentose cycle (hexose monophosphate shunt, HMS). Pentoses 228-235 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 199-203 11672041-6 1998 The breaking of the bond between C-1 and C-2 carbons in pentose yields tetronic acids. Pentoses 56-63 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C Homo sapiens 33-44 9520283-1 1998 We have studied the light-dependent expression of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii csbp gene encoding sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase), an enzyme of the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 159-166 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 99-131 9520283-1 1998 We have studied the light-dependent expression of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii csbp gene encoding sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase), an enzyme of the pentose-phosphate pathway. Pentoses 159-166 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 133-139 8929392-1 1996 We have cloned and characterized the two remaining unknown genes of the non-oxidative part of the pentose-phosphate pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding the enzymes D-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase (Rpe1p) and D-ribose-5-phosphate ketol-isomerase (Rki1p). Pentoses 98-105 ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase RPE1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 209-214 9331084-1 1997 This study investigates the significance of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalyzed oxidative and the transketolase (TK) catalyzed nonoxidative pentose cycle (PC) reactions in the tumor proliferation process by characterizing tumor growth patterns and synthesis of the RNA ribose moiety in the presence of respective inhibitors of G6PD and TK. Pentoses 159-166 transketolase Mus musculus 117-130 9331084-1 1997 This study investigates the significance of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalyzed oxidative and the transketolase (TK) catalyzed nonoxidative pentose cycle (PC) reactions in the tumor proliferation process by characterizing tumor growth patterns and synthesis of the RNA ribose moiety in the presence of respective inhibitors of G6PD and TK. Pentoses 159-166 transketolase Mus musculus 132-134 8969223-8 1996 Here, we demonstrate that this protein is transketolase (TKT; EC 2.2.1.1), an enzyme in the nonoxidative branch of the pentose-phosphate pathway, based on peptide and cDNA isolation and sequence analysis of mouse cornea protein and RNA samples, respectively. Pentoses 119-126 transketolase Mus musculus 42-55 8969223-8 1996 Here, we demonstrate that this protein is transketolase (TKT; EC 2.2.1.1), an enzyme in the nonoxidative branch of the pentose-phosphate pathway, based on peptide and cDNA isolation and sequence analysis of mouse cornea protein and RNA samples, respectively. Pentoses 119-126 transketolase Mus musculus 57-60 8929392-1 1996 We have cloned and characterized the two remaining unknown genes of the non-oxidative part of the pentose-phosphate pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding the enzymes D-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase (Rpe1p) and D-ribose-5-phosphate ketol-isomerase (Rki1p). Pentoses 98-105 ribose-5-phosphate isomerase RKI1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 258-263 8901462-1 1996 The capacity of the oxidative pentose pathway (PPP) in the heart is limited, since the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), the first and regulating enzyme of this pathway, is very low. Pentoses 30-37 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 99-132 8980493-1 1996 We have isolated a cDNA encoding transaldolase, an enzyme of the pentose-phosphate pathway, from potato (Solanum tuberosum). Pentoses 65-72 transaldolase Solanum tuberosum 33-46 8669429-14 1996 The mechanism is not completely understood; however, the inhibition of the production of NADPH via the pentose shunt is a possible explanation. Pentoses 103-110 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1 Homo sapiens 89-94 8901462-1 1996 The capacity of the oxidative pentose pathway (PPP) in the heart is limited, since the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), the first and regulating enzyme of this pathway, is very low. Pentoses 30-37 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 134-140 8619019-3 1996 The toxicity of DTT in V79 cells has several characteristics: it is dependent on the medium used during exposure of cells to the drug; the toxicity is decreased or prevented by addition of catalase exogenously, but superoxide dismutase has no effect; the toxicity is increased by addition of copper, either free or derived from ceruloplasmin in serum; and the toxicity can be modified intracellularly by altering glucose availability or pentose cycle activity. Pentoses 437-444 catalase Cricetulus griseus 189-197 8763867-3 1996 Rat embryo fibroblasts (REF) transfected with v-myc reduce hydroperoxides slower than the primary REF cell line-measured both as real time peroxide loss and as increased glucose oxidation via the pentose cycle. Pentoses 196-203 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 48-51 8763867-8 1996 Two human tumour cell lines which overexpress myc family proteins: NCI-H69, a small-cell lung cancer line which expresses elevated levels of N-myc, and HL-60 cells which overexpress c-myc, also exhibit low levels of pentose cycle stimulation in the presence of tBu-OOH, and a decreased capacity to reduce hydrogen peroxide by peroxide electrode. Pentoses 216-223 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 46-49 8648611-4 1996 For all the foregoing nucleosides in the fixed syn conformation about the glycosyl bond, 1H NMR spectroscopy further demonstrated that the pentose rings exist predominantly in the conformation N (3"-endo). Pentoses 139-146 synemin Homo sapiens 47-50 8659090-3 1995 A pentose cycle plays an important role in the system of antioxidative protection: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD; EC 1.1.1.49) is its first enzyme. Pentoses 2-9 glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Ovis aries 83-116 8534086-0 1995 Xylose-metabolizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains overexpressing the TKL1 and TAL1 genes encoding the pentose phosphate pathway enzymes transketolase and transaldolase. Pentoses 105-112 transketolase TKL1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 72-76 8534086-0 1995 Xylose-metabolizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains overexpressing the TKL1 and TAL1 genes encoding the pentose phosphate pathway enzymes transketolase and transaldolase. Pentoses 105-112 sedoheptulose-7-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate transaldolase TAL1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 81-85 8659090-3 1995 A pentose cycle plays an important role in the system of antioxidative protection: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD; EC 1.1.1.49) is its first enzyme. Pentoses 2-9 glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Ovis aries 118-124 7491924-4 1995 EGF stimulated the pentose cycle by 58% and decreased gluconeogenesis by 48%. Pentoses 19-26 epidermal growth factor Homo sapiens 0-3 7491924-5 1995 Supplementation of the culture medium with ribose-5-phosphate or ribose abolished the stimulation of glycolysis and the pentose cycle by EGF but had no effect on proliferation. Pentoses 120-127 epidermal growth factor Homo sapiens 137-140 7491924-6 1995 These results show that EGF rapidly stimulates the pentose cycle, shifts glucose metabolism from gluconeogenesis to glycolysis, and decreases oxygen consumption before any increase in proliferation. Pentoses 51-58 epidermal growth factor Homo sapiens 24-27 7491924-7 1995 The lack of an EGF effect on the pentose cycle and glycolysis in the presence of exogenous precursors for DNA synthesis suggests that the stimulation of these pathways before proliferation is due to increased demands for ribose for subsequent nucleic acid synthesis. Pentoses 33-40 epidermal growth factor Homo sapiens 15-18 1567394-1 1992 Transketolase is a key enzyme in the pentose-phosphate pathway which has been implicated in the latent human genetic disease, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Pentoses 37-44 transketolase Homo sapiens 0-13 7485819-9 1995 A sustained loss of transketolase activity in brain could result in disruption of pentose shunt activity and concomitant reductions in reducing equivalents and lipid metabolism within the cell. Pentoses 82-89 transketolase Homo sapiens 20-33 7786768-10 1995 The significant decline in G6PD, aldolase, the rate-limiting enzymes of the pentose shunt and classic glycolysis, and SDH markedly reduced the ability of chondrocytes to generate energy. Pentoses 76-83 glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Oryctolagus cuniculus 27-31 8299150-0 1993 Pentose-phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: analysis of deletion mutants for transketolase, transaldolase, and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Pentoses 0-7 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 122-155 8252064-5 1993 Heterologous expression of the MST1 cDNA clone in Saccharomyces cerevisiae allowed its characterization as a putative H+/monosaccharide co-transporter, catalyzing the uptake of hexoses (e.g. D-glucose and D-galactose) or pentoses (e.g. D-xylose) and the energy dependent and uncoupler sensitive accumulation of non-metabolizable substrates (e.g. D-xylose or 3-O-methyl-glucose). Pentoses 221-229 threonine--tRNA ligase MST1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 31-35 8316633-6 1993 Studies using cells deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose cycle, show that cells of the mutant cell lines (E16 and E48) are more sensitive to cell killing by both DTT and H2O2 than are the parental CHO K1D cells when exposed to the drugs in medium containing glucose. Pentoses 107-114 glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Cricetulus griseus 33-66 8316633-6 1993 Studies using cells deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose cycle, show that cells of the mutant cell lines (E16 and E48) are more sensitive to cell killing by both DTT and H2O2 than are the parental CHO K1D cells when exposed to the drugs in medium containing glucose. Pentoses 107-114 glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Cricetulus griseus 68-72 1468630-6 1992 These results reflect a significant responsiveness of pentose shunt flux to activity variation at the G6PD-catalyzed step, and predict that the G6PD allozymes generate a polymorphism for pentose shunt flux. Pentoses 54-61 Zwischenferment Drosophila melanogaster 102-106 1468630-6 1992 These results reflect a significant responsiveness of pentose shunt flux to activity variation at the G6PD-catalyzed step, and predict that the G6PD allozymes generate a polymorphism for pentose shunt flux. Pentoses 54-61 Zwischenferment Drosophila melanogaster 144-148 1468630-6 1992 These results reflect a significant responsiveness of pentose shunt flux to activity variation at the G6PD-catalyzed step, and predict that the G6PD allozymes generate a polymorphism for pentose shunt flux. Pentoses 187-194 Zwischenferment Drosophila melanogaster 102-106 1468630-6 1992 These results reflect a significant responsiveness of pentose shunt flux to activity variation at the G6PD-catalyzed step, and predict that the G6PD allozymes generate a polymorphism for pentose shunt flux. Pentoses 187-194 Zwischenferment Drosophila melanogaster 144-148 7489710-0 1995 Targeted disruption of the housekeeping gene encoding glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD): G6PD is dispensable for pentose synthesis but essential for defense against oxidative stress. Pentoses 120-127 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 54-87 7489710-0 1995 Targeted disruption of the housekeeping gene encoding glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD): G6PD is dispensable for pentose synthesis but essential for defense against oxidative stress. Pentoses 120-127 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 89-93 7489710-0 1995 Targeted disruption of the housekeeping gene encoding glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD): G6PD is dispensable for pentose synthesis but essential for defense against oxidative stress. Pentoses 120-127 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 96-100 7861132-1 1995 Transketolase (TK; EC 2.2.1.1) is a key pentose phosphate shunt enzyme that plays an important role in the production of reducing equivalents and pentose sugars. Pentoses 40-47 transketolase Rattus norvegicus 0-13 7861132-1 1995 Transketolase (TK; EC 2.2.1.1) is a key pentose phosphate shunt enzyme that plays an important role in the production of reducing equivalents and pentose sugars. Pentoses 40-47 transketolase Rattus norvegicus 15-17 7981980-0 1994 Insulin stimulates glycolysis and pentose cycle activity in bovine microvascular endothelial cells. Pentoses 34-41 insulin Bos taurus 0-7 7981980-5 1994 Insulin stimulated glycolysis and pentose cycle activity, but had no effect on glucose oxidation via the Krebs cycle. Pentoses 34-41 insulin Bos taurus 0-7 7981980-6 1994 As the pentose cycle is a major source of NADPH which is required for the synthesis of nitric oxide (the endothelium relaxing factor), insulin may play a role in regulating NO generation in endothelial cells by modulating the pentose cycle activity. Pentoses 7-14 insulin Bos taurus 135-142 7981980-6 1994 As the pentose cycle is a major source of NADPH which is required for the synthesis of nitric oxide (the endothelium relaxing factor), insulin may play a role in regulating NO generation in endothelial cells by modulating the pentose cycle activity. Pentoses 226-233 insulin Bos taurus 135-142 8257963-1 1993 Availability of 6-[C-11]-D-glucose will permit positron emission tomography (PET) investigations of glucose utilization derived from the pentose shunt which supports biosynthesis in tissues. Pentoses 137-144 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4 Homo sapiens 19-23 8257789-3 1993 Using two different labelled substrate molecules, the stimulatory effects of ILP (compared with those of mammalian insulin) on the relative use of the pentose cycle as opposed to the glycolytic-citric acid cycle by the mealworm fat body were measured in vitro. Pentoses 151-158 insulin Homo sapiens 115-122 1460245-7 1992 The inhibition of NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase coupled with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase indicates reduced generation of NADPH2 and pentoses for the synthesis of fatty acids and nucleotides. Pentoses 138-146 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 61-94 1420159-3 1992 In a similar fashion, the uptake of 2-deoxyglucose by GLUT1-, GLUT2-, and GLUT3-expressing oocytes was inhibited by a series of unlabeled hexoses and pentoses and by cytochalasin B in a similar hierarchical order. Pentoses 150-158 solute carrier family 2 member 1 Homo sapiens 54-59 1420159-3 1992 In a similar fashion, the uptake of 2-deoxyglucose by GLUT1-, GLUT2-, and GLUT3-expressing oocytes was inhibited by a series of unlabeled hexoses and pentoses and by cytochalasin B in a similar hierarchical order. Pentoses 150-158 solute carrier family 2 member 2 Homo sapiens 62-67 1420159-3 1992 In a similar fashion, the uptake of 2-deoxyglucose by GLUT1-, GLUT2-, and GLUT3-expressing oocytes was inhibited by a series of unlabeled hexoses and pentoses and by cytochalasin B in a similar hierarchical order. Pentoses 150-158 solute carrier family 2 member 3 Homo sapiens 74-79 1965276-5 1990 The qualitative presence of the oxidative pentose pathway was assessed by measurement of the C-1/C-6 ratio value of 1.67-1.82. Pentoses 42-49 complement C6 Rattus norvegicus 93-100 1718342-1 1991 Pyrroline-5-carboxylase (P5C), a physiological stimulator of hexose-monophosphate-pentose pathway activity, was found before to increase 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) generation and nucleotide synthesis in human erythrocytes and cultured fibroblasts. Pentoses 82-89 pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 Homo sapiens 0-23 1718342-1 1991 Pyrroline-5-carboxylase (P5C), a physiological stimulator of hexose-monophosphate-pentose pathway activity, was found before to increase 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) generation and nucleotide synthesis in human erythrocytes and cultured fibroblasts. Pentoses 82-89 pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 Homo sapiens 25-28 2126029-9 1990 Considerable pentose-phosphate shunt activity was detected in red cells, as indicated by high activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and high CO2 production rates from (1-14C)-labelled glucose. Pentoses 13-20 glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase Oncorhynchus mykiss 108-141 1832811-7 1991 The decreases in activities of phosphoglucomutase and glucokinase reduced a level of glucose 6-phosphate, which suppressed the supply of NADPH in pentose cycle, while the NADPH was consuming well for detoxification of endogenous lipid peroxides. Pentoses 146-153 glucokinase Homo sapiens 54-65 2232707-3 1990 Competition experiments also indicate that the affinity of c-myc protein for nucleoside diphosphates and triphosphates is approximately the same irrespective of the nature of the base, or of the pentose sugar, but the thymine base permits the most efficient photoactivated cross-linking. Pentoses 195-202 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 59-64 3219287-4 1988 The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) has been investigated as indicative of the NADPH-generating pentose-phosphate pathway; the activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3PD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) have been studied as indicators of glycolytic activity. Pentoses 117-124 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 Mus musculus 16-49 34937866-0 2021 Identification of a glucose-insensitive variant of Gal2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibiting a high pentose transport capacity. Pentoses 104-111 galactose permease GAL2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 51-55 34393698-0 2021 L-arabinose and D-xylose: sweet pentoses that may reduce postprandial glucose and insulin responses. Pentoses 32-40 insulin Homo sapiens 82-89 35318379-8 2022 The pentose residue was attached to the antennal GlcNAc and released by alpha1,3/4-L-fucosidase. Pentoses 4-11 immunoglobulin kappa variable 2D-30 Homo sapiens 72-82 2753047-2 1989 The activities of the NADP+-dependent dehydrogenases of the pentose-phosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) were detected in the purified peroxisomal fraction as well as in the cytosol. Pentoses 60-67 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 87-120 2753047-6 1989 The results obtained indicate that the enzymes of the non-oxidative segment of the pentose cycle (transketolase, transaldolase, triosephosphate isomerase and glucose-phosphate isomerase) are present only in a soluble form in the cytosol, but not in the peroxisomes or other particles, and that ionogenic interaction of the enzymes with the mitochondrial and other membranes takes place during homogenization of the tissue in 0.25 M sucrose. Pentoses 83-90 transketolase Rattus norvegicus 98-111 2753047-6 1989 The results obtained indicate that the enzymes of the non-oxidative segment of the pentose cycle (transketolase, transaldolase, triosephosphate isomerase and glucose-phosphate isomerase) are present only in a soluble form in the cytosol, but not in the peroxisomes or other particles, and that ionogenic interaction of the enzymes with the mitochondrial and other membranes takes place during homogenization of the tissue in 0.25 M sucrose. Pentoses 83-90 transaldolase 1 Rattus norvegicus 113-126 2753047-6 1989 The results obtained indicate that the enzymes of the non-oxidative segment of the pentose cycle (transketolase, transaldolase, triosephosphate isomerase and glucose-phosphate isomerase) are present only in a soluble form in the cytosol, but not in the peroxisomes or other particles, and that ionogenic interaction of the enzymes with the mitochondrial and other membranes takes place during homogenization of the tissue in 0.25 M sucrose. Pentoses 83-90 triosephosphate isomerase Rattus norvegicus 128-153 3219287-4 1988 The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) has been investigated as indicative of the NADPH-generating pentose-phosphate pathway; the activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3PD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) have been studied as indicators of glycolytic activity. Pentoses 117-124 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 Mus musculus 51-55 2844514-2 1988 The enzymes involved in the synthesis of NADP+ (NAD+ kinase), its reduction by the pentose-shunt (glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase), and its reoxidation both by the microsomal electron chain (diaphorase activity) and by participation in other cellular processes, have been examined. Pentoses 83-90 glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Cavia porcellus 98-131 3664503-3 1987 Furthermore, the altered oxidation-reduction regulation is associated with changes intrinsic to the key enzymes of the pentose-shunt pathway, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and with glutathione peroxidase. Pentoses 119-126 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 142-175 3416709-8 1988 In conclusion, KK cells are insulin-resistant due to defects of the insulin receptor and postbinding system in the glucose uptake and pentose pathways. Pentoses 134-141 insulin receptor Mus musculus 68-84 3035846-4 1987 It is possible that the intensification of G6PDH activity in carcinomas is a sign of the shift of the carbohydrate metabolism from an aerobic path or that the activity of the pentose shunt is higher because of the increased need for nucleic acid precursors in tissues with faster growth rates. Pentoses 175-182 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 43-48 2955240-2 1987 Amounts of 6-phosphogluconate that accumulated in 6AN-treated cells at 24 hours were significantly increased by treatment of the cells with nerve growth factor (NGF) (100 ng 7S/ml) suggesting that metabolism of glucose via the pentose pathway at this time was enhanced by NGF. Pentoses 227-234 nerve growth factor Rattus norvegicus 140-159 2955240-2 1987 Amounts of 6-phosphogluconate that accumulated in 6AN-treated cells at 24 hours were significantly increased by treatment of the cells with nerve growth factor (NGF) (100 ng 7S/ml) suggesting that metabolism of glucose via the pentose pathway at this time was enhanced by NGF. Pentoses 227-234 nerve growth factor Rattus norvegicus 161-164 2955240-3 1987 This stimulation of metabolism via the pentose pathway is probably a late response to NGF because initial rates of 6-phosphogluconate accumulation in 6AN-treated cells were the same in the presence and absence of NGF. Pentoses 39-46 nerve growth factor Rattus norvegicus 86-89 2955240-3 1987 This stimulation of metabolism via the pentose pathway is probably a late response to NGF because initial rates of 6-phosphogluconate accumulation in 6AN-treated cells were the same in the presence and absence of NGF. Pentoses 39-46 nerve growth factor Rattus norvegicus 213-216 3790254-4 1986 Even under conditions of increased NADPH requirements (infusion of tert-butylhydroperoxide) and a diminished 14CO2 production from glucose via the citrate cycle (in the presence of oleate as additional substrate) or enhanced activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (pretreatment with isoproterenol), a substrate flux through the pentose cycle was not detectable. Pentoses 335-342 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 237-270 6333582-1 1984 The supply of NADPH for cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed function oxidation from the pentose cycle and mitochondria in periportal and pericentral regions of the liver lobule was evaluated in perfused rat liver. Pentoses 85-92 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1 Rattus norvegicus 24-40 3976016-1 1985 Repeated supercoolings down to rectal temperatures (19-20 degrees C) results in the different changes in the dehydrogenase activity of pentose and glucuronate pathways in the rat brain: the activity of the pentose cycle oxidative enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) lowers considerably and that of VDP-glucose dehydrogenase rises. Pentoses 135-142 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 239-272 3976016-1 1985 Repeated supercoolings down to rectal temperatures (19-20 degrees C) results in the different changes in the dehydrogenase activity of pentose and glucuronate pathways in the rat brain: the activity of the pentose cycle oxidative enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) lowers considerably and that of VDP-glucose dehydrogenase rises. Pentoses 206-213 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 239-272 3976016-2 1985 The dehydrogenase activity in the pentose cycle is found to be inhibited in rats cooled for the first time, the UDP-glucose dehydrogenase activity being preserved at the control level. Pentoses 34-41 UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 112-137 6201483-2 1984 We proposed that: 1) pyrroline-5-carboxylate is converted to proline by pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase with concomitant oxidation of NADPH, 2) NADP+ augments glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, and 3) production of ribose-5-phosphate via the pentose shunt is increased. Pentoses 253-260 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 161-194 6713626-4 1984 Use of ribosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.6) and ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.1) to establish an equilibrium among the pentoses allowed us to confirm the stoichiometry of the transketolase reaction. Pentoses 132-140 ribulose-5-phosphate-3-epimerase Homo sapiens 50-80 6713626-4 1984 Use of ribosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.6) and ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.1) to establish an equilibrium among the pentoses allowed us to confirm the stoichiometry of the transketolase reaction. Pentoses 132-140 transketolase Homo sapiens 188-201 6794031-1 1981 The in vivo flux of carbon through the pentose shunt is investigated as a function of different 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6Pgd) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) genotypes by using differential radioactive labeling of the C-1 and C-6 positions of glucose. Pentoses 39-46 Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Drosophila melanogaster 96-128 6551236-5 1983 Evidence for a parasite pentose pathway is weak since glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase has rarely been found; paradoxically, activity for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, the next enzyme in the pathway, is consistently identified. Pentoses 24-31 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 54-87 7106500-2 1982 On the other hand, BSP binding capacity of receptors was hardly destroyed by digestion with high concentration of phospholipase A, C. Gel filtration experiments on a column of Sephadex indicated that specific BSP binding to a protein in the high-speed supernatant was observed and this protein contained at least sialic acid and pentose suggesting a fragment of glycoprotein. Pentoses 329-336 phospholipase A and acyltransferase 1 Rattus norvegicus 114-129 6794031-1 1981 The in vivo flux of carbon through the pentose shunt is investigated as a function of different 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6Pgd) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) genotypes by using differential radioactive labeling of the C-1 and C-6 positions of glucose. Pentoses 39-46 Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Drosophila melanogaster 130-134 6794031-1 1981 The in vivo flux of carbon through the pentose shunt is investigated as a function of different 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6Pgd) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) genotypes by using differential radioactive labeling of the C-1 and C-6 positions of glucose. Pentoses 39-46 Zwischenferment Drosophila melanogaster 140-173 6794031-1 1981 The in vivo flux of carbon through the pentose shunt is investigated as a function of different 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6Pgd) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) genotypes by using differential radioactive labeling of the C-1 and C-6 positions of glucose. Pentoses 39-46 Zwischenferment Drosophila melanogaster 175-179 6794031-1 1981 The in vivo flux of carbon through the pentose shunt is investigated as a function of different 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6Pgd) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) genotypes by using differential radioactive labeling of the C-1 and C-6 positions of glucose. Pentoses 39-46 anon-17Ca Drosophila melanogaster 241-252 6794031-2 1981 Alternative 6Pgd-G6pd genotypes are shown to differ in relative in vivo carbon flux through the pentose shunt. Pentoses 96-103 Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Drosophila melanogaster 12-16 6794031-2 1981 Alternative 6Pgd-G6pd genotypes are shown to differ in relative in vivo carbon flux through the pentose shunt. Pentoses 96-103 Zwischenferment Drosophila melanogaster 17-21 7218051-3 1980 The amount of pentoses utilized between 5 and 60 min after the start of the incubation was taken as a measure of the TK activity. Pentoses 14-22 transketolase Homo sapiens 117-119 6786378-4 1981 The parameters of the pentose cycle reactions under conditions when the maximal rate of the pentose cycle and glutathione pool (GSH+2 GSSG) are taken for 100%, coincided for all donors tested. Pentoses 22-29 GS homeobox 2 Homo sapiens 128-133 7470038-6 1980 Measurements of 14C in C-2 and C-5 of glucose 6-phosphate are required and the values of the C-2/C-5 ratios can be used to calculate the quantitative contribution of the L-type pentose cycle in all tissues. Pentoses 177-184 complement C5 Homo sapiens 97-100 7470038-8 1980 The measurement of 14C in C-1, C-2 and C-3 of triose phosphate derivatives can be used to calculate the quantitative contribution of the L-type pentose cycle relative to glycolysis. Pentoses 144-151 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C Homo sapiens 26-29 7470038-8 1980 The measurement of 14C in C-1, C-2 and C-3 of triose phosphate derivatives can be used to calculate the quantitative contribution of the L-type pentose cycle relative to glycolysis. Pentoses 144-151 complement C2 Homo sapiens 31-34 7470038-8 1980 The measurement of 14C in C-1, C-2 and C-3 of triose phosphate derivatives can be used to calculate the quantitative contribution of the L-type pentose cycle relative to glycolysis. Pentoses 144-151 complement C3 Homo sapiens 39-42 6777248-1 1980 The maternal effect of two pentose cycle enzymes, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was investigated using a genetical system based on the interaction of Pgd- and Zw- alleles, inactivating 6PGD and G6PD respectively. Pentoses 27-34 Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Drosophila melanogaster 84-88 6777248-1 1980 The maternal effect of two pentose cycle enzymes, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was investigated using a genetical system based on the interaction of Pgd- and Zw- alleles, inactivating 6PGD and G6PD respectively. Pentoses 27-34 Zwischenferment Drosophila melanogaster 129-133 7219667-4 1981 G-6-PD activity may be high because of the need for pentoses in the early part of development and the need for reducing equivalents (NADPH2) for synthesis of lipids and other compounds in the later stages of development. Pentoses 52-60 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-6 7444187-2 1980 Activity of the three enzymes of the pentose pathway: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px), which supply reduced equivalents against oxidant agents, were measured in the mediastinal lobe of the lung. Pentoses 37-44 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Canis lupus familiaris 54-87 7444187-2 1980 Activity of the three enzymes of the pentose pathway: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px), which supply reduced equivalents against oxidant agents, were measured in the mediastinal lobe of the lung. Pentoses 37-44 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Canis lupus familiaris 89-96 287001-7 1979 From the distribution of label at glucose carbons not labeled via the major pathway and from the carbon spin-spin splitting patterns observed, we conclude that transketolase is reversible whereas transaldolase is essentially irreversible in the nonoxidative pentose branch. Pentoses 258-265 transaldolase 1 Rattus norvegicus 196-209