PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
33002578-2	2021	Alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), deficient in PH type 1, is a key enzyme in limiting glyoxylate oxidation to oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	8-18	alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase	Mus musculus	37-40
33042991-12	2020	Cit2p is part of the glyoxylate cycle, which is required for the production of essential carbohydrates when yeast is grown on non-fermentable carbon sources.	glyoxylic acid	21-31	citrate (Si)-synthase CIT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
33041004-2	2020	The isocitrate lyase (ICL) enzyme catalyzes the first step in the glyoxylate cycle, which is the cleavage of isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate.	glyoxylic acid	66-76	isocitrate lyase	Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579	4-20
33041004-2	2020	The isocitrate lyase (ICL) enzyme catalyzes the first step in the glyoxylate cycle, which is the cleavage of isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate.	glyoxylic acid	123-133	isocitrate lyase	Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579	4-20
33180421-18	2020	GSEA showed that genes in high expression group of SLC19A1 were enriched in KEGG pathways, including "Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism", "Oxidative phosphorylation", "Aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis", "Base excision repair", "Pyrimidine metabolism" and "Proteasome".	glyoxylic acid	102-112	solute carrier family 19 member 1	Homo sapiens	51-58
32873593-1	2020	GSTZ1, expressed in liver and several extrahepatic tissues, catalyzes dechlorination of dichloroacetate (DCA) to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	113-123	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
33294491-8	2020	We have also generated an in vivo model of glycolate oxidase (GO) deficiency, which is an enzyme involved in the glyoxylate metabolism following the same strategy.	glyoxylic acid	113-123	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	43-60
32464217-1	2020	Primary hyperoxaluria type I is caused by mutations in the alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase gene (AGXT), leading to accumulation of glyoxylate and subsequent production of oxalate and urolithiasis.	glyoxylic acid	67-77	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
32464217-5	2020	To test whether this model could be used for the development of innovative therapeutics, SaCas9 targeting hydroxyacid oxidase 1, responsible for metabolizing glycolate into glyoxylate, was delivered via adeno-associated viral vectors into newborn rats with primary hyperoxaluria type 1.	glyoxylic acid	173-183	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	106-127
33347861-6	2022	Several mammalian transaminases can catalyze transamination of asparagine, one of which - alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase type 1 (AGT1) - is important in glyoxylate metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	98-108	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	134-138
33177075-0	2020	A piggybacking mechanism enables peroxisomal localization of the glyoxylate cycle enzyme Mdh2 in yeast.	glyoxylic acid	65-75	malate dehydrogenase MDH2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	89-93
33177075-4	2020	The dual localization of Mdh2 contributes to our understanding of the glyoxylate cycle and provides a new perspective on compartmentalization of cellular metabolism, which is critical for the perception of metabolic disorders and aging.	glyoxylic acid	70-80	malate dehydrogenase MDH2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-29
33135718-6	2020	Further, 277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through liver transcriptomics and the five most obvious DEGs were found to be CYP2b9, Cyp4a12b, Mup17, Mup7, and Mup16, which revealed that HFD induced fatty acid degradation, ribosome, and glyoxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	257-271	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily b, polypeptide 9	Mus musculus	145-151
33135718-6	2020	Further, 277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through liver transcriptomics and the five most obvious DEGs were found to be CYP2b9, Cyp4a12b, Mup17, Mup7, and Mup16, which revealed that HFD induced fatty acid degradation, ribosome, and glyoxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	257-271	cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 12B	Mus musculus	153-161
33135718-6	2020	Further, 277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through liver transcriptomics and the five most obvious DEGs were found to be CYP2b9, Cyp4a12b, Mup17, Mup7, and Mup16, which revealed that HFD induced fatty acid degradation, ribosome, and glyoxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	257-271	major urinary protein 17	Mus musculus	163-168
33135718-6	2020	Further, 277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through liver transcriptomics and the five most obvious DEGs were found to be CYP2b9, Cyp4a12b, Mup17, Mup7, and Mup16, which revealed that HFD induced fatty acid degradation, ribosome, and glyoxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	257-271	major urinary protein 7	Mus musculus	170-174
33135718-6	2020	Further, 277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through liver transcriptomics and the five most obvious DEGs were found to be CYP2b9, Cyp4a12b, Mup17, Mup7, and Mup16, which revealed that HFD induced fatty acid degradation, ribosome, and glyoxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	257-271	major urinary protein 16	Mus musculus	180-185
31257986-3	2020	We found that autophagic activity was significantly decreased in mouse RTCs exposed to calcium oxalate (CaOx) monohydrate crystals and in the kidneys of GFP-conjugated MAP1LC3B (microtubule- associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) transgenic mice with CaOx nephrocalcinosis induced by glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	286-296	microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta	Mus musculus	168-176
32392040-7	2020	Subsequent 13C-isotope incorporation experiment showed that the glucose production in aak-1 KO occurs through the activation of fatty acid oxidation and glyoxylate shunt.	glyoxylic acid	153-163	5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	86-91
32628541-6	2020	In a glyoxylate-induced mouse model of renal calcium oxalate deposition, increased miR-21 expression, lipid accumulation, and kidney injury were also observed.	glyoxylic acid	5-15	microRNA 21a	Mus musculus	83-89
32234596-9	2020	Cecum contents metabolomics revealed that 16 biomarkers associated with PBR antidepressant effect were screened, which were involved 3 metabolic pathways including primary bile acid biosynthesis, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	232-242	translocator protein	Rattus norvegicus	72-75
32172019-9	2020	GLV-deficient lox10 mutants displayed reduced levels of most 13-oxylipins, and elevated levels of several 9-oxylipins and the a-dioxygenase (DOX) product, 2-HOD.	glyoxylic acid	0-3	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase10	Zea mays	14-19
32172019-11	2020	Thus, in addition to being the sole LOX isoform providing substrate for GLV synthesis, LOX10 is a major 13-LOX that provides substrate to several LOX branches that produce an array of 13-oxylipin products, including C5 volatiles.	glyoxylic acid	72-75	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase1	Zea mays	36-39
32172019-11	2020	Thus, in addition to being the sole LOX isoform providing substrate for GLV synthesis, LOX10 is a major 13-LOX that provides substrate to several LOX branches that produce an array of 13-oxylipin products, including C5 volatiles.	glyoxylic acid	72-75	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase10	Zea mays	87-92
32172019-11	2020	Thus, in addition to being the sole LOX isoform providing substrate for GLV synthesis, LOX10 is a major 13-LOX that provides substrate to several LOX branches that produce an array of 13-oxylipin products, including C5 volatiles.	glyoxylic acid	72-75	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase1	Zea mays	87-90
32172019-11	2020	Thus, in addition to being the sole LOX isoform providing substrate for GLV synthesis, LOX10 is a major 13-LOX that provides substrate to several LOX branches that produce an array of 13-oxylipin products, including C5 volatiles.	glyoxylic acid	72-75	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase1	Zea mays	87-90
31257986-3	2020	We found that autophagic activity was significantly decreased in mouse RTCs exposed to calcium oxalate (CaOx) monohydrate crystals and in the kidneys of GFP-conjugated MAP1LC3B (microtubule- associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) transgenic mice with CaOx nephrocalcinosis induced by glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	286-296	microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta	Mus musculus	178-230
32792227-1	2020	Primary Hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) is a rare disease caused by mutations in the AGXT gene encoding alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a liver enzyme involved in the detoxification of glyoxylate, the failure of which results in accumulation of oxalate and kidney stones formation.	glyoxylic acid	107-117	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	30-33
32792227-1	2020	Primary Hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) is a rare disease caused by mutations in the AGXT gene encoding alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a liver enzyme involved in the detoxification of glyoxylate, the failure of which results in accumulation of oxalate and kidney stones formation.	glyoxylic acid	107-117	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	80-84
32792227-1	2020	Primary Hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) is a rare disease caused by mutations in the AGXT gene encoding alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a liver enzyme involved in the detoxification of glyoxylate, the failure of which results in accumulation of oxalate and kidney stones formation.	glyoxylic acid	107-117	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	136-139
31253511-6	2019	The results showed that Z. bailii Ucc1 rescued the ucc1Delta phenotype, suggesting the existence of a similar mechanism regulating the glyoxylate cycle in Z. bailii.	glyoxylic acid	135-145	Ucc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	34-38
31374578-7	2019	As glyoxylate is part of the degradation circuit of cholecystokinin, this suggests that this neuropeptide might be directly involved in exposure-induced panic attacks.	glyoxylic acid	3-13	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	52-67
31672889-6	2019	Mycobacterial MCM thus joins enzymes in the glyoxylate shunt and the methylcitrate cycle as targets of itaconate in pathogen propionate metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	44-54	methylmalonyl-CoA mutase	Homo sapiens	14-17
30588609-9	2019	Further in vivo experiments demonstrated that SIRT3-overexpressing Mphis transfusion not only induced M2 polarization, but also alleviated inflammation, apoptosis, and crystals deposition in glyoxylate-induced KS mice.	glyoxylic acid	191-201	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	46-51
30676254-1	2019	Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive disorder of glyoxylate metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	73-83	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	30-33
30894518-5	2019	The preclinical study using glyoxylate-induced intrarenal CaOx crystals deposition mouse model revealed that renal tubule-specific AR knockout mice have less intrarenal CaOx crystals deposition with more recruited M2 macrophages in the kidney compared with the wild-type mice.	glyoxylic acid	28-38	androgen receptor	Mus musculus	131-133
30676254-2	2019	Loss of alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) function to convert intermediate metabolite glyoxylate to glycine causes the accumulation and reduction of glyoxylate to glycolate, which eventually is oxidized to oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	16-26	alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase	Mus musculus	45-48
30676254-2	2019	Loss of alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) function to convert intermediate metabolite glyoxylate to glycine causes the accumulation and reduction of glyoxylate to glycolate, which eventually is oxidized to oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	94-104	alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase	Mus musculus	8-43
30676254-2	2019	Loss of alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) function to convert intermediate metabolite glyoxylate to glycine causes the accumulation and reduction of glyoxylate to glycolate, which eventually is oxidized to oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	94-104	alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase	Mus musculus	45-48
30676254-6	2019	mRNA encoding AGT has the potential to restore normal glyoxylate to glycine metabolism, thus preventing the buildup of calcium oxalate in various organs.	glyoxylic acid	54-64	alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase	Mus musculus	14-17
30907303-11	2019	Kynurenine aminotransferase-III is, so far, the most efficient putative mitochondrial enzyme to transaminate glyoxylate to glycine in mammalian livers, might be an interesting enzyme to look over in hyperoxaluria etiology of primary hyperoxaluria and should be carefully investigated for its involvement in oxalate metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	109-119	kynurenine aminotransferase 3	Homo sapiens	0-31
30548662-11	2018	Moreover, our in vivo assay further confirmed that SIRT3 overexpression alleviated the glyoxylate administration-induced renal damage, renal apoptosis, and crystals deposition in the kidneys from the stone model mice, which was also associated with its activation of the NRF2/HO-1 pathway.	glyoxylic acid	87-97	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	51-56
30348480-6	2019	A more meticulous analysis is necessary, but, in the transgenic microalgae with malate synthase overexpression, the metabolism is likely to more rely on heterotrophic energy production via TCA cycle and glyoxylate shunt than on photosynthesis, resulting in the increase in microalgal biomass.	glyoxylic acid	203-213	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	80-95
30794680-2	2019	Citrate synthase from M. sedula (MsCS) is an enzyme involved in the first step of the incomplete TCA/glyoxylate cycle by converting oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA into citrate and coenzyme A.	glyoxylic acid	101-111	citrate synthase	Metallosphaera sedula	0-16
30548662-11	2018	Moreover, our in vivo assay further confirmed that SIRT3 overexpression alleviated the glyoxylate administration-induced renal damage, renal apoptosis, and crystals deposition in the kidneys from the stone model mice, which was also associated with its activation of the NRF2/HO-1 pathway.	glyoxylic acid	87-97	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	271-275
30309649-4	2018	We observed that the formation of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol hydroperoxides (MGDG-OOHs) by Arabidopsis lipoxygenase 2 (AtLOX2) governs GLV-burst in Arabidopsis.	glyoxylic acid	137-140	lipoxygenase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	105-119
30548662-11	2018	Moreover, our in vivo assay further confirmed that SIRT3 overexpression alleviated the glyoxylate administration-induced renal damage, renal apoptosis, and crystals deposition in the kidneys from the stone model mice, which was also associated with its activation of the NRF2/HO-1 pathway.	glyoxylic acid	87-97	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	276-280
30375586-2	2018	By utilizing MCR chemistry, we developed a protocol to functionalize the C-3 position of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine through a three component, decarboxylation reaction involving imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, glyoxalic acid, and boronic acid.	glyoxylic acid	198-212	complement C3	Homo sapiens	73-76
30309649-4	2018	We observed that the formation of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol hydroperoxides (MGDG-OOHs) by Arabidopsis lipoxygenase 2 (AtLOX2) governs GLV-burst in Arabidopsis.	glyoxylic acid	137-140	lipoxygenase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	121-127
30309649-7	2018	Therefore, we propose that Ca2+-dependent activation of AtLOX2 facilitates GLV-burst formation as observed in leukotriene formation, which is regulated by Ca2+-dependent activation of LOXs in animal cells.	glyoxylic acid	75-78	lipoxygenase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	56-62
29626439-1	2018	Biotransformation of dichloroacetate (DCA) to glyoxylate by hepatic glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1) is considered the principal determinant of the rate of plasma clearance of the drug.	glyoxylic acid	46-56	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Rattus norvegicus	68-98
30279312-3	2018	MDH1 is a mitochondrial enzyme and a member of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, whereas MDH2 is a cytosolic enzyme that functions in the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	134-144	malate dehydrogenase MDH1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
30279312-3	2018	MDH1 is a mitochondrial enzyme and a member of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, whereas MDH2 is a cytosolic enzyme that functions in the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	134-144	malate dehydrogenase MDH2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	85-89
30062480-2	2018	A pyruvate-dependent aldolase (2-oxo-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase [EDA]) introduces a chiral center when reacting with the electrophile, glyoxylic acid, delivering the (S)-enantiomer of (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate [(S)-HOG].	glyoxylic acid	144-158	ectodysplasin A	Homo sapiens	74-77
29852189-2	2018	MAIN METHODS: The anti-proliferative effect of Glx was assessed on HT-29 and HCT-116 cells by performing MTT assay as well as beta-hexosaminidase assay.	glyoxylic acid	47-50	O-GlcNAcase	Homo sapiens	126-145
29852189-12	2018	However, gradual elevation of catalase activities indicated that Glx treatment on colon cancer cells exhibit oxidative stress.	glyoxylic acid	65-68	catalase	Homo sapiens	30-38
29626439-1	2018	Biotransformation of dichloroacetate (DCA) to glyoxylate by hepatic glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1) is considered the principal determinant of the rate of plasma clearance of the drug.	glyoxylic acid	46-56	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Rattus norvegicus	100-105
29243158-1	2018	OBJECTIVE: Primary hyperoxaluria type-1 (PH-1) is a rare genetic disorder in which normal hepatic metabolism of glyoxylate is disrupted resulting in diffuse oxalate deposition and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).	glyoxylic acid	112-122	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	11-39
29243158-1	2018	OBJECTIVE: Primary hyperoxaluria type-1 (PH-1) is a rare genetic disorder in which normal hepatic metabolism of glyoxylate is disrupted resulting in diffuse oxalate deposition and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).	glyoxylic acid	112-122	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	41-45
29244539-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare congenital metabolic disorder of the glyoxylate pathway, which manifests with nephrocalcinosis, urolithiasis, and end-stage renal failure (ESRD) as well as deposition of oxalate crystals within ocular tissues.	glyoxylic acid	94-104	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	42-45
29110180-2	2018	AGT prevents oxalate formation by converting peroxisomal glyoxylate to glycine.	glyoxylic acid	57-67	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	0-3
20301460-0	1993	Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is caused by a deficiency of the liver peroxisomal enzyme alanine:glyoxylate-aminotransferase (AGT), which catalyzes the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine.	glyoxylic acid	156-166	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	85-88
29796388-9	2018	Furthermore, cyc8 TPR mutations reactivated multiple Mig1-repressed genes, including the transcription factor gene CAT8, which is responsible for activating genes of the glyoxylate and gluconeogenesis pathways.	glyoxylic acid	170-180	transcription regulator CYC8	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
29796388-9	2018	Furthermore, cyc8 TPR mutations reactivated multiple Mig1-repressed genes, including the transcription factor gene CAT8, which is responsible for activating genes of the glyoxylate and gluconeogenesis pathways.	glyoxylic acid	170-180	transcription factor MIG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-57
29796388-9	2018	Furthermore, cyc8 TPR mutations reactivated multiple Mig1-repressed genes, including the transcription factor gene CAT8, which is responsible for activating genes of the glyoxylate and gluconeogenesis pathways.	glyoxylic acid	170-180	DNA-binding transcription factor CAT8	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	115-119
20301460-1	1993	When AGT activity is absent, glyoxylate is converted to oxalate, which forms insoluble calcium salts that accumulate in the kidney and other organs.	glyoxylic acid	29-39	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	5-8
29063832-2	2017	We show that daf-16/FoxO restructures carbohydrate metabolism by driving carbon flux through the glyoxylate shunt and gluconeogenesis and into synthesis of trehalose, a disaccharide of glucose.	glyoxylic acid	97-107	Fork-head domain-containing protein;Forkhead box protein O	Caenorhabditis elegans	13-19
27920298-5	2017	Although both enzymes catalyze the same reactions, hMS was previously proposed to preferentially catalyze the formation of malate from acetyl-CoA and glyoxylate (malate synthase activity) and hMCL was proposed to primarily cleave beta-methylmalyl-CoA to propionyl-CoA and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	272-282	C-type lectin domain family 4 member D	Homo sapiens	192-196
28969594-1	2017	BACKGROUND: Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of glyoxylate metabolism in which excessive oxalates are formed by the liver and excreted by the kidneys.	glyoxylic acid	95-105	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	42-45
28596420-3	2017	Substitution of cysteine in AOX1A by glutamate mimicked its activation by pyruvate or glyoxylate, but not in AOX1C and AOX1D.	glyoxylic acid	86-96	alternative oxidase 1A	Arabidopsis thaliana	28-33
28916765-1	2017	The alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a hepatocyte-specific pyridoxal-5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme, transaminates L-alanine and glyoxylate to glycine and pyruvate, thus detoxifying glyoxylate and preventing pathological oxalate precipitation in tissues.	glyoxylic acid	12-22	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	41-44
28916765-1	2017	The alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a hepatocyte-specific pyridoxal-5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme, transaminates L-alanine and glyoxylate to glycine and pyruvate, thus detoxifying glyoxylate and preventing pathological oxalate precipitation in tissues.	glyoxylic acid	12-22	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	93-96
28916765-1	2017	The alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a hepatocyte-specific pyridoxal-5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme, transaminates L-alanine and glyoxylate to glycine and pyruvate, thus detoxifying glyoxylate and preventing pathological oxalate precipitation in tissues.	glyoxylic acid	144-154	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	4-39
28916765-1	2017	The alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a hepatocyte-specific pyridoxal-5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme, transaminates L-alanine and glyoxylate to glycine and pyruvate, thus detoxifying glyoxylate and preventing pathological oxalate precipitation in tissues.	glyoxylic acid	144-154	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	41-44
28916765-1	2017	The alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a hepatocyte-specific pyridoxal-5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme, transaminates L-alanine and glyoxylate to glycine and pyruvate, thus detoxifying glyoxylate and preventing pathological oxalate precipitation in tissues.	glyoxylic acid	144-154	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	93-96
27771434-6	2017	The first step in DCA metabolism is conversion to glyoxylate catalyzed by glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1), for which DCA is a mechanism-based inactivator.	glyoxylic acid	50-60	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	74-104
27771434-6	2017	The first step in DCA metabolism is conversion to glyoxylate catalyzed by glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1), for which DCA is a mechanism-based inactivator.	glyoxylic acid	50-60	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	106-111
29109756-2	2017	Utilizing a condensation reaction between carbonyls and a hydrazine moeity, we demonstrate that the fluorescent probe (Aldehydefluor-1) AF1 reacts with a range of reactive carbonyl species including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxylic acid, and methyl glyoxal.	glyoxylic acid	227-241	interferon gamma receptor 2	Homo sapiens	136-139
27591393-4	2016	In the course of seed germination, the level of methylation of the promoters of one gene encoding subunit A (Sdh1-1) and of two genes encoding subunit B (Sdh2-1 and Sdh2-2) changed from low to the highest, which resulted in suppression of their transcription during the period when the intensity of the glyoxylate cycle was decreasing, while methylation of the promoter of Sdh2-3 did not change and expression of this gene was constitutive during germination.	glyoxylic acid	303-313	sorbitol dehydrogenase homolog 1	Zea mays	109-115
27591393-7	2016	These genes may play a role in the provision of operation of the glyoxylate cycle, while Sdh1-2 and Sdh2-3 are involved mainly in the respiratory processes that are not connected with utilization of succinate formed in the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	65-75	sorbitol dehydrogenase homolog 1	Zea mays	89-93
27591393-7	2016	These genes may play a role in the provision of operation of the glyoxylate cycle, while Sdh1-2 and Sdh2-3 are involved mainly in the respiratory processes that are not connected with utilization of succinate formed in the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	223-233	sorbitol dehydrogenase homolog 1	Zea mays	89-93
27179589-0	2016	Caenorhabditis elegans AGXT-1 is a mitochondrial and temperature-adapted ortholog of peroxisomal human AGT1: New insights into between-species divergence in glyoxylate metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	157-167	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	23-29
27670739-3	2016	AGT enhancers or GO inhibitors may restore the abnormal peroxisomal glyoxylate pathway in PH1 patients.	glyoxylic acid	68-78	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	90-93
27512941-3	2016	The key to our synthesis lies in a Mukaiyama aldol condensation reaction of silyl enol ether with glyoxylate in the presence of an anhydrous fluoride reagent, [Bu4 N][Ph3 SnF2 ], which directly constructs the crucial C-C bond at the C11 position in SEA.	glyoxylic acid	98-108	SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4	Homo sapiens	171-175
27179589-0	2016	Caenorhabditis elegans AGXT-1 is a mitochondrial and temperature-adapted ortholog of peroxisomal human AGT1: New insights into between-species divergence in glyoxylate metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	157-167	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	103-107
27179589-2	2016	Mutations in peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (hAGT1) cause primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1), which results in glyoxylate accumulation that is converted to toxic oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	33-43	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	62-67
27179589-2	2016	Mutations in peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (hAGT1) cause primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1), which results in glyoxylate accumulation that is converted to toxic oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	33-43	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	105-108
27179589-4	2016	To investigate the differences in glyoxylate metabolism between humans and C. elegans and to determine whether the nematode might be a suitable model for PH1, we have characterized here the predicted nematode ortholog of hAGT1 (AGXT-1) and compared its molecular properties with those of the human enzyme.	glyoxylic acid	34-44	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	221-226
27179589-5	2016	Both enzymes form active PLP-dependent dimers with high specificity towards alanine and glyoxylate, and display similar three-dimensional structures.	glyoxylic acid	88-98	proteolipid protein 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
27179589-6	2016	Interestingly, AGXT-1 shows 5-fold higher activity towards the alanine/glyoxylate pair than hAGT1.	glyoxylic acid	71-81	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	15-21
27179589-9	2016	Our results support the view that the different glyoxylate metabolism in the nematode is associated with the divergent molecular properties and subcellular localization of the alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase activity.	glyoxylic acid	48-58	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	176-211
27315833-5	2016	Synthetic GLV-derived peptides were cleaved in vitro by the affinity-purified SBT6.1 catalytic enzyme, confirming that the GLV1 precursor is a direct subtilase substrate, and the elimination of the in vitro subtilase recognition sites through alanine substitution suppressed the GLV1 gain-of-function phenotype in vivo Furthermore, the protease inhibitor Serpin1 bound to SBT6.1 and inhibited the cleavage of GLV1 precursors by the protease.	glyoxylic acid	10-13	SITE-1 protease	Arabidopsis thaliana	78-84
27450492-13	2016	Further, the results indicate that the conversion of pyruvate/acetyl-CoA to malate by the glyoxylate cycle, for which ICL is necessary, is not a major pathway utilised by gluconeogenesis in fruits under normal conditions of growth.	glyoxylic acid	90-100	isocitrate lyase	Solanum lycopersicum	118-121
27464613-4	2016	In this work, we explore the "glyoxylate scenario" through several syntheses of HCN polymers, paying particular attention to the role of the aqueous aerosols, together with statistical methods, as a step to elucidate the synthetic problem of the origin of life.	glyoxylic acid	30-40	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
27464613-5	2016	The soluble and insoluble HCN polymers synthetized were analyzed by GC-MS. We identified, for the first time, glyoxylic acid in these polymers, together with some constituents of the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle, amino acids and several N-heterocycles.	glyoxylic acid	110-124	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
26659271-10	2016	All neurons in the GLv showed strong expression of the vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter (VIAAT) mRNA, suggesting a GABAergic identity.	glyoxylic acid	19-22	solute carrier family 32 member 1	Gallus gallus	55-98
26659271-10	2016	All neurons in the GLv showed strong expression of the vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter (VIAAT) mRNA, suggesting a GABAergic identity.	glyoxylic acid	19-22	solute carrier family 32 member 1	Gallus gallus	100-105
27315833-5	2016	Synthetic GLV-derived peptides were cleaved in vitro by the affinity-purified SBT6.1 catalytic enzyme, confirming that the GLV1 precursor is a direct subtilase substrate, and the elimination of the in vitro subtilase recognition sites through alanine substitution suppressed the GLV1 gain-of-function phenotype in vivo Furthermore, the protease inhibitor Serpin1 bound to SBT6.1 and inhibited the cleavage of GLV1 precursors by the protease.	glyoxylic acid	10-13	root meristem growth factor	Arabidopsis thaliana	123-127
27315833-5	2016	Synthetic GLV-derived peptides were cleaved in vitro by the affinity-purified SBT6.1 catalytic enzyme, confirming that the GLV1 precursor is a direct subtilase substrate, and the elimination of the in vitro subtilase recognition sites through alanine substitution suppressed the GLV1 gain-of-function phenotype in vivo Furthermore, the protease inhibitor Serpin1 bound to SBT6.1 and inhibited the cleavage of GLV1 precursors by the protease.	glyoxylic acid	10-13	root meristem growth factor	Arabidopsis thaliana	279-283
27315833-5	2016	Synthetic GLV-derived peptides were cleaved in vitro by the affinity-purified SBT6.1 catalytic enzyme, confirming that the GLV1 precursor is a direct subtilase substrate, and the elimination of the in vitro subtilase recognition sites through alanine substitution suppressed the GLV1 gain-of-function phenotype in vivo Furthermore, the protease inhibitor Serpin1 bound to SBT6.1 and inhibited the cleavage of GLV1 precursors by the protease.	glyoxylic acid	10-13	Serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	355-362
27315833-5	2016	Synthetic GLV-derived peptides were cleaved in vitro by the affinity-purified SBT6.1 catalytic enzyme, confirming that the GLV1 precursor is a direct subtilase substrate, and the elimination of the in vitro subtilase recognition sites through alanine substitution suppressed the GLV1 gain-of-function phenotype in vivo Furthermore, the protease inhibitor Serpin1 bound to SBT6.1 and inhibited the cleavage of GLV1 precursors by the protease.	glyoxylic acid	10-13	SITE-1 protease	Arabidopsis thaliana	372-378
27315833-5	2016	Synthetic GLV-derived peptides were cleaved in vitro by the affinity-purified SBT6.1 catalytic enzyme, confirming that the GLV1 precursor is a direct subtilase substrate, and the elimination of the in vitro subtilase recognition sites through alanine substitution suppressed the GLV1 gain-of-function phenotype in vivo Furthermore, the protease inhibitor Serpin1 bound to SBT6.1 and inhibited the cleavage of GLV1 precursors by the protease.	glyoxylic acid	10-13	root meristem growth factor	Arabidopsis thaliana	279-283
27315833-7	2016	In agreement with the SBT6 role in GLV precursor processing, both null mutants for sbt6.1 and sbt6.2 and the Serpin1 overexpression plants had shorter hypocotyls.	glyoxylic acid	35-38	Serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	109-116
27143230-4	2016	This is because conversion of DCA to glyoxylate is catalyzed by one enzyme, glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1-1), which is inactivated by DCA.	glyoxylic acid	37-47	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	76-106
27125215-3	2016	Human SLC26A1-mediated anion exchange differs from that of its rodent orthologs in its stimulation by alkaline pHo and inhibition by acidic pHo but not pHi and in its failure to transport glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	188-198	solute carrier family 26 member 1	Homo sapiens	6-13
26850694-3	2016	Here we show that expression of glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1), the enzyme responsible for conversion of DCA to its inactive metabolite, glyoxylate, is downregulated in liver cancer and upregulated in some breast cancers, leading to abnormal expression of the protein.	glyoxylic acid	145-155	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	32-62
26850694-3	2016	Here we show that expression of glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1), the enzyme responsible for conversion of DCA to its inactive metabolite, glyoxylate, is downregulated in liver cancer and upregulated in some breast cancers, leading to abnormal expression of the protein.	glyoxylic acid	145-155	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
26854734-5	2016	Co-expression of normal AGTs and some, but not all, mutant AGT variants partially counteracted this cytotoxicity and led to decreased synthesis of oxalate and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	159-169	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	24-27
26854734-7	2016	The increased survival seen with AGT-Gly170Arg was paralleled by a 40% decrease in oxalate and glyoxylate levels.	glyoxylic acid	95-105	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	33-36
26854734-8	2016	These data support the suggestion that the effectiveness of pharmacological doses of pyridoxine results from an improved metabolic effectiveness of AGT; that is the increased rate of transamination of glyoxylate to glycine.	glyoxylic acid	201-211	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	148-151
27143230-4	2016	This is because conversion of DCA to glyoxylate is catalyzed by one enzyme, glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1-1), which is inactivated by DCA.	glyoxylic acid	37-47	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	108-115
26991128-2	2016	Here we identify a lipoxygenase 2 (LOX2) involved in GLV biosynthesis in Arabidopsis using mutant lines for each of the six LOX isoforms present in Arabidopsis.	glyoxylic acid	53-56	lipoxygenase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	19-33
26991128-2	2016	Here we identify a lipoxygenase 2 (LOX2) involved in GLV biosynthesis in Arabidopsis using mutant lines for each of the six LOX isoforms present in Arabidopsis.	glyoxylic acid	53-56	lipoxygenase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	35-39
26991128-5	2016	The results in this study suggested that LOX2 activity is suppressed in intact cells but activated upon tissue damage to support the rapid GLV-burst observed in wounded leaves.	glyoxylic acid	139-142	lipoxygenase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	41-45
26758691-1	2016	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive, metabolic disorder caused by mutations of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a key hepatic enzyme in the detoxification of glyoxylate arising from multiple normal metabolic pathways to glycine.	glyoxylic acid	112-122	alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase	Mus musculus	141-144
26758691-5	2016	We explored an alternative approach to prevent glyoxylate production using Dicer-substrate small interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) targeting hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1) mRNA which encodes glycolate oxidase (GO), to reduce the hepatic conversion of glycolate to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	47-57	hydroxyacid oxidase 1, liver	Mus musculus	134-155
26689264-1	2016	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is caused by deficient alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, the human peroxisomal enzyme that detoxifies glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	66-76	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	30-33
26758691-5	2016	We explored an alternative approach to prevent glyoxylate production using Dicer-substrate small interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) targeting hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1) mRNA which encodes glycolate oxidase (GO), to reduce the hepatic conversion of glycolate to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	47-57	hydroxyacid oxidase 1, liver	Mus musculus	157-161
26758691-5	2016	We explored an alternative approach to prevent glyoxylate production using Dicer-substrate small interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) targeting hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1) mRNA which encodes glycolate oxidase (GO), to reduce the hepatic conversion of glycolate to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	255-265	hydroxyacid oxidase 1, liver	Mus musculus	134-155
26758691-5	2016	We explored an alternative approach to prevent glyoxylate production using Dicer-substrate small interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) targeting hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1) mRNA which encodes glycolate oxidase (GO), to reduce the hepatic conversion of glycolate to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	255-265	hydroxyacid oxidase 1, liver	Mus musculus	157-161
26960205-0	2016	Antioxidant Activity and alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of the Polycondensate of Catechin with Glyoxylic Acid.	glyoxylic acid	104-118	sucrase-isomaltase	Homo sapiens	25-42
26865263-3	2016	The glyoxylate content within cells is regulated by the NADPH/NADH dependent glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductases (GRHPR).	glyoxylic acid	4-14	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	116-121
26865263-8	2016	We also determined the first structure of GRHPR in presence of glyoxylate at 1.40 A resolution.	glyoxylic acid	63-73	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	42-47
26216646-3	2015	When compared to wild-type (WT) plants, air-grown ggt1 plants exhibited glyoxylate accumulation, global changes in amino acid amounts including a decrease in serine content, lower organic acid levels, and modified ATP/ADP and NADP(+) /NADPH ratios.	glyoxylic acid	72-82	glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase	Arabidopsis thaliana	50-54
27022389-2	2016	PPAR expression was examined in a mouse hyperoxaluria kidney stone model induced by daily intra-abdominal glyoxylate injection.	glyoxylic acid	106-116	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	0-4
25620715-1	2015	Liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) (EC 2.6.1.44) catalyses the conversion of l-alanine and glyoxylate to pyruvate and glycine, a reaction that allows glyoxylate detoxification.	glyoxylic acid	26-36	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	55-58
25620715-1	2015	Liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) (EC 2.6.1.44) catalyses the conversion of l-alanine and glyoxylate to pyruvate and glycine, a reaction that allows glyoxylate detoxification.	glyoxylic acid	116-126	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	18-53
25620715-1	2015	Liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) (EC 2.6.1.44) catalyses the conversion of l-alanine and glyoxylate to pyruvate and glycine, a reaction that allows glyoxylate detoxification.	glyoxylic acid	116-126	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	55-58
26450510-4	2016	Proteins involved in glycolysis, acetate metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, TCA cycle, glyoxylate cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway, respiration, transportation, and stress response were found to be upregulated in  faa1 faa4 [Acot5s] as compared to the wild type.	glyoxylic acid	86-96	long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase FAA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	217-226
26440109-9	2015	We find that in K. lactis, but not in S. cerevisiae, the Sip4 protein plays an essential role in C2 carbon assimilation including induction of the glyoxylate cycle and the carnitine shuttle genes.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	Sip4p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-61
26216646-6	2015	Short-term (a night period and 4 h of light) transferred ggt1 leaves accumulated glyoxylate and exhibited low serine contents, while other amino acid levels were not modified.	glyoxylic acid	81-91	glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase	Arabidopsis thaliana	57-61
26204840-3	2015	The ICL catalyzes the conversion of isocitrate to succinate and glyoxylate in the glyoxylate bypass of the TCA cycle.	glyoxylic acid	64-74	isocitrate lyase	Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA 110	4-7
26252291-1	2015	Primary hyperoxaluria type I (PH1), the most severe form of primary hyperoxalurias, is a liver disease of the metabolic defect in glyoxylate detoxification that can be corrected by liver transplantation.	glyoxylic acid	130-140	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	30-33
26204840-3	2015	The ICL catalyzes the conversion of isocitrate to succinate and glyoxylate in the glyoxylate bypass of the TCA cycle.	glyoxylic acid	82-92	isocitrate lyase	Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA 110	4-7
25697095-3	2015	Proline dehydrogenase 2 (PRODH2), historically known as hydroxyproline oxidase, is the first step in the hydroxyproline catabolic pathway and represents a drug target to reduce the glyoxylate and oxalate burden of PH patients.	glyoxylic acid	181-191	proline dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	0-23
25697583-4	2015	The results showed that the protein expression levels of E-cad and Pan-ck were lower, and the protein expression levels of alpha-SMA and Vim were higher, in the kidney tissue of the glyoxylate induced model mice compared with the control mice.	glyoxylic acid	182-192	cadherin 1	Mus musculus	57-62
25697583-4	2015	The results showed that the protein expression levels of E-cad and Pan-ck were lower, and the protein expression levels of alpha-SMA and Vim were higher, in the kidney tissue of the glyoxylate induced model mice compared with the control mice.	glyoxylic acid	182-192	actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta	Mus musculus	123-132
25697583-4	2015	The results showed that the protein expression levels of E-cad and Pan-ck were lower, and the protein expression levels of alpha-SMA and Vim were higher, in the kidney tissue of the glyoxylate induced model mice compared with the control mice.	glyoxylic acid	182-192	vimentin	Mus musculus	137-140
25697583-6	2015	Expression of ROCK, PAI-1, and p-Smad proteins in the kidney tissue increased in response to glyoxylate treatment, and the increase was eased when the animals were pretreated with fasudil.	glyoxylic acid	93-103	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1	Mus musculus	20-25
25982115-0	2015	The Ubiquitin Ligase SCF(Ucc1) Acts as a Metabolic Switch for the Glyoxylate Cycle.	glyoxylic acid	66-76	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	21-24
25982115-0	2015	The Ubiquitin Ligase SCF(Ucc1) Acts as a Metabolic Switch for the Glyoxylate Cycle.	glyoxylic acid	66-76	ependymin related 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
25982115-2	2015	Here, we show that a previously uncharacterized SCF(Ucc1) ubiquitin ligase mediates proteasomal degradation of citrate synthase in the glyoxylate cycle to maintain metabolic homeostasis in glucose-grown cells.	glyoxylic acid	135-145	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	48-51
25982115-2	2015	Here, we show that a previously uncharacterized SCF(Ucc1) ubiquitin ligase mediates proteasomal degradation of citrate synthase in the glyoxylate cycle to maintain metabolic homeostasis in glucose-grown cells.	glyoxylic acid	135-145	ependymin related 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
25982115-2	2015	Here, we show that a previously uncharacterized SCF(Ucc1) ubiquitin ligase mediates proteasomal degradation of citrate synthase in the glyoxylate cycle to maintain metabolic homeostasis in glucose-grown cells.	glyoxylic acid	135-145	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	111-127
25982115-4	2015	Moreover, in vitro analysis demonstrates that oxaloacetate regenerated through the glyoxylate cycle induces a conformational change in citrate synthase and inhibits its recognition and ubiquitination by SCF(Ucc1), suggesting the existence of an oxaloacetate-dependent positive feedback loop that stabilizes citrate synthase.	glyoxylic acid	83-93	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	135-151
25982115-4	2015	Moreover, in vitro analysis demonstrates that oxaloacetate regenerated through the glyoxylate cycle induces a conformational change in citrate synthase and inhibits its recognition and ubiquitination by SCF(Ucc1), suggesting the existence of an oxaloacetate-dependent positive feedback loop that stabilizes citrate synthase.	glyoxylic acid	83-93	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	203-206
25982115-4	2015	Moreover, in vitro analysis demonstrates that oxaloacetate regenerated through the glyoxylate cycle induces a conformational change in citrate synthase and inhibits its recognition and ubiquitination by SCF(Ucc1), suggesting the existence of an oxaloacetate-dependent positive feedback loop that stabilizes citrate synthase.	glyoxylic acid	83-93	ependymin related 1	Homo sapiens	207-211
25982115-4	2015	Moreover, in vitro analysis demonstrates that oxaloacetate regenerated through the glyoxylate cycle induces a conformational change in citrate synthase and inhibits its recognition and ubiquitination by SCF(Ucc1), suggesting the existence of an oxaloacetate-dependent positive feedback loop that stabilizes citrate synthase.	glyoxylic acid	83-93	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	307-323
25982115-5	2015	We propose that SCF(Ucc1)-mediated regulation of citrate synthase acts as a metabolic switch for the glyoxylate cycle in response to changes in carbon source, thereby ensuring metabolic versatility and flexibility.	glyoxylic acid	101-111	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	16-19
25982115-5	2015	We propose that SCF(Ucc1)-mediated regulation of citrate synthase acts as a metabolic switch for the glyoxylate cycle in response to changes in carbon source, thereby ensuring metabolic versatility and flexibility.	glyoxylic acid	101-111	ependymin related 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
25982115-5	2015	We propose that SCF(Ucc1)-mediated regulation of citrate synthase acts as a metabolic switch for the glyoxylate cycle in response to changes in carbon source, thereby ensuring metabolic versatility and flexibility.	glyoxylic acid	101-111	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	49-65
25697095-3	2015	Proline dehydrogenase 2 (PRODH2), historically known as hydroxyproline oxidase, is the first step in the hydroxyproline catabolic pathway and represents a drug target to reduce the glyoxylate and oxalate burden of PH patients.	glyoxylic acid	181-191	proline dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	25-31
25007314-3	2014	Although the roles of Rtg1 and Rtg3 in TCA and glyoxylate cycles have been extensively reported, the investigation of other metabolic pathways has been lacking.	glyoxylic acid	47-57	Rtg1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-26
25673751-2	2015	Here, we show that the zinc cluster regulator Znf1 responds to altered nutrient signals following glucose starvation through the direct control of genes involved in non-fermentative metabolism, including those belonged to the central pathways of gluconeogenesis (PCK1, FBP1 and MDH2), glyoxylate shunt (MLS1 and ICL1) and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (ACO1), which is demonstrated by Znf1-binding enrichment at these promoters during the glucose-ethanol shift.	glyoxylic acid	285-295	DNA-binding domain containing protein	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	46-50
25673751-2	2015	Here, we show that the zinc cluster regulator Znf1 responds to altered nutrient signals following glucose starvation through the direct control of genes involved in non-fermentative metabolism, including those belonged to the central pathways of gluconeogenesis (PCK1, FBP1 and MDH2), glyoxylate shunt (MLS1 and ICL1) and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (ACO1), which is demonstrated by Znf1-binding enrichment at these promoters during the glucose-ethanol shift.	glyoxylic acid	285-295	malate synthase MLS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	303-307
25673751-2	2015	Here, we show that the zinc cluster regulator Znf1 responds to altered nutrient signals following glucose starvation through the direct control of genes involved in non-fermentative metabolism, including those belonged to the central pathways of gluconeogenesis (PCK1, FBP1 and MDH2), glyoxylate shunt (MLS1 and ICL1) and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (ACO1), which is demonstrated by Znf1-binding enrichment at these promoters during the glucose-ethanol shift.	glyoxylic acid	285-295	isocitrate lyase 1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	312-316
25673751-2	2015	Here, we show that the zinc cluster regulator Znf1 responds to altered nutrient signals following glucose starvation through the direct control of genes involved in non-fermentative metabolism, including those belonged to the central pathways of gluconeogenesis (PCK1, FBP1 and MDH2), glyoxylate shunt (MLS1 and ICL1) and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (ACO1), which is demonstrated by Znf1-binding enrichment at these promoters during the glucose-ethanol shift.	glyoxylic acid	285-295	aconitate hydratase ACO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	352-356
25673751-2	2015	Here, we show that the zinc cluster regulator Znf1 responds to altered nutrient signals following glucose starvation through the direct control of genes involved in non-fermentative metabolism, including those belonged to the central pathways of gluconeogenesis (PCK1, FBP1 and MDH2), glyoxylate shunt (MLS1 and ICL1) and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (ACO1), which is demonstrated by Znf1-binding enrichment at these promoters during the glucose-ethanol shift.	glyoxylic acid	285-295	DNA-binding domain containing protein	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	384-388
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	25-36
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	38-41
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	CD44 antigen	Mus musculus	44-48
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	50-84
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	86-91
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	97-111
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	113-118
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	220-223
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	CD44 antigen	Mus musculus	225-229
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	234-239
26045773-8	2015	The renal expressions of osteopontin (OPN), CD44, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were markedly increased in glyoxylate-treated mice, and H2 significantly attenuated the increase of OPN, CD44 and MCP-1 but upregulated the expression of IL-10.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	274-279
25333711-4	2014	Upregulation of the enzyme, isocitrate lyase (ICL), was observed, which was accompanied by increased intracellular succinate levels, suggesting the functioning of glyoxylate pathway reactions.	glyoxylic acid	163-173	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	28-44
25461797-4	2014	In combination with our previous expression analyses in eukaryotic cells, we propose the existence of two lower limits for AGT stability, one linked to optimal folding efficiency (close to the major allele stability) and the other setting a minimal efficiency compatible with glyoxylate detoxification in vivo (close to the minor allele stability).	glyoxylic acid	276-286	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	123-126
25061985-9	2014	We conclude that ACO3 is cytosolic in young seedlings and functions in citrate catabolism consistent with the operation of the classic glyoxylate and not direct catabolism of citrate within mitochondria.	glyoxylic acid	135-145	aconitase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	17-21
25237136-4	2014	Although AGT(P11LG170R) is functional, the enzyme must be in the peroxisome to detoxify glyoxylate by conversion to alanine; in disease, amassed glyoxylate in the peroxisome is transported to the cytosol and converted to oxalate by lactate dehydrogenase, leading to kidney failure.	glyoxylic acid	88-98	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	9-12
24998441-5	2014	Importantly, during the glucose-oleate shift, combined results from quantitative real time-PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments showed that Tog1 acts as a direct activator of oleate utilizing genes, encoded key enzymes in beta-Oxidation and NADPH regeneration (POX1, FOX2, POT1 and IDP2), the glyoxylate shunt (MLS1 and ICL1), and gluconeogenesis (PCK1 and FBP1).	glyoxylic acid	313-323	Tog1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	160-164
25283443-2	2014	Here, we obtained crystals of Arabidopsis thaliana DJ-1d (atDJ-1d) and Homo sapiens DJ-1 (hDJ-1) covalently bound to glyoxylate, an analog of methylglyoxal, forming a hemithioacetal that presumably mimics an intermediate structure in catalysis of methylglyoxal to lactate.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	Class I glutamine amidotransferase-like superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	51-56
25283443-2	2014	Here, we obtained crystals of Arabidopsis thaliana DJ-1d (atDJ-1d) and Homo sapiens DJ-1 (hDJ-1) covalently bound to glyoxylate, an analog of methylglyoxal, forming a hemithioacetal that presumably mimics an intermediate structure in catalysis of methylglyoxal to lactate.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	Class I glutamine amidotransferase-like superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	58-65
25283443-2	2014	Here, we obtained crystals of Arabidopsis thaliana DJ-1d (atDJ-1d) and Homo sapiens DJ-1 (hDJ-1) covalently bound to glyoxylate, an analog of methylglyoxal, forming a hemithioacetal that presumably mimics an intermediate structure in catalysis of methylglyoxal to lactate.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	51-55
25283443-2	2014	Here, we obtained crystals of Arabidopsis thaliana DJ-1d (atDJ-1d) and Homo sapiens DJ-1 (hDJ-1) covalently bound to glyoxylate, an analog of methylglyoxal, forming a hemithioacetal that presumably mimics an intermediate structure in catalysis of methylglyoxal to lactate.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	90-95
25283443-7	2014	DATABASE: Structural data have been submitted to the Protein Data Bank under accession numbers 4OFW (structure of atDJ-1d), 4OGF (structure of hDJ-1 with glyoxylate) and 4OGG (structure of atDJ-1d with glyoxylate).	glyoxylic acid	154-164	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	143-148
25253888-9	2014	The MGD1 suppression down-regulated genes associated with the photorespiratory pathway in peroxisomes and mitochondria as well as those responsible for photosynthesis in chloroplasts and caused high expression of genes for the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	227-237	monogalactosyl diacylglycerol synthase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	4-8
25294000-2	2014	The physiological importance of AGXT2 was largely overlooked for three decades because AGXT2 is less active in glyoxylate metabolism than AGXT1, the enzyme that is deficient in primary hyperoxaluria type I.	glyoxylic acid	111-121	alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2	Homo sapiens	87-92
25237136-4	2014	Although AGT(P11LG170R) is functional, the enzyme must be in the peroxisome to detoxify glyoxylate by conversion to alanine; in disease, amassed glyoxylate in the peroxisome is transported to the cytosol and converted to oxalate by lactate dehydrogenase, leading to kidney failure.	glyoxylic acid	145-155	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	9-12
25020232-2	2014	In the final step of the pathway, (S)-ureidoglycolate amidohydrolase (UAH) catalyzes the conversion of (S)-ureidoglycolate into glyoxylate and releases two molecules of ammonia as by-products.	glyoxylic acid	128-138	ureidoglycolate amidohydrolase	Arabidopsis thaliana	70-73
24956378-2	2014	Using the cre-loxP system to selectively knock out AR in glyoxylate-induced calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal mouse models, we found that the mice lacking hepatic AR had less oxalate biosynthesis, which might lead to lower CaOx crystal formation, and that the mice lacking kidney proximal or distal epithelial AR also had lower CaOx crystal formation.	glyoxylic acid	57-67	androgen receptor	Mus musculus	51-53
25007314-3	2014	Although the roles of Rtg1 and Rtg3 in TCA and glyoxylate cycles have been extensively reported, the investigation of other metabolic pathways has been lacking.	glyoxylic acid	47-57	Rtg3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
24038869-4	2013	The activity and expression of glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1), which biotransforms DCA to glyoxylate, were determined from liver biopsies at baseline and after 27 days.	glyoxylic acid	98-108	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Canis lupus familiaris	63-68
24632415-1	2014	The in vivo elimination rate of dichloroacetate (DCA), an investigational drug; is determined by the rate of its biotransformation to glyoxylate, catalyzed by glutathione transferase zeta1 (GSTZ1).	glyoxylic acid	134-144	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	159-188
24632415-1	2014	The in vivo elimination rate of dichloroacetate (DCA), an investigational drug; is determined by the rate of its biotransformation to glyoxylate, catalyzed by glutathione transferase zeta1 (GSTZ1).	glyoxylic acid	134-144	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	190-195
24522532-6	2014	Furthermore, enhanced activity of the glyoxylate cycle contributed to the decreased day-3 mitoflash frequency and the longevity of daf-2 mutant animals.	glyoxylic acid	38-48	Insulin-like receptor subunit beta;Protein kinase domain-containing protein;Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase	Caenorhabditis elegans	131-136
24076009-3	2013	Here, site-directed mutagenesis was utilized to identify catalytically important amino acid residues for glyoxylate reduction in AtGLYR1.	glyoxylic acid	105-115	glyoxylate reductase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	129-136
24076009-9	2013	Sequence and activity comparisons indicated that AtGLYR1 and the plastidial AtGLYR2 possess structural features that are absent in Arabidopsis hydroxypyruvate reductases and probably account for their stronger preference for glyoxylate over hydroxypyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	225-235	glyoxylate reductase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	49-56
24076009-9	2013	Sequence and activity comparisons indicated that AtGLYR1 and the plastidial AtGLYR2 possess structural features that are absent in Arabidopsis hydroxypyruvate reductases and probably account for their stronger preference for glyoxylate over hydroxypyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	225-235	glyoxylate reductase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-83
24334609-7	2014	We report that CLYBL encodes a malate/beta-methylmalate synthase, converting glyoxylate and acetyl-CoA to malate, or glyoxylate and propionyl-CoA to beta-methylmalate.	glyoxylic acid	77-87	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Homo sapiens	15-20
24334609-7	2014	We report that CLYBL encodes a malate/beta-methylmalate synthase, converting glyoxylate and acetyl-CoA to malate, or glyoxylate and propionyl-CoA to beta-methylmalate.	glyoxylic acid	77-87	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Homo sapiens	38-64
24334609-7	2014	We report that CLYBL encodes a malate/beta-methylmalate synthase, converting glyoxylate and acetyl-CoA to malate, or glyoxylate and propionyl-CoA to beta-methylmalate.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Homo sapiens	15-20
24334609-7	2014	We report that CLYBL encodes a malate/beta-methylmalate synthase, converting glyoxylate and acetyl-CoA to malate, or glyoxylate and propionyl-CoA to beta-methylmalate.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Homo sapiens	38-64
24286363-1	2014	Isocitrate lyase is a key enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	40-50	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	0-16
24263643-6	2013	In this assay, glycolic acid is converted to glyoxylic acid by glycolate oxidase, with the production of hydrogen peroxide, which is converted to a quinoneimine dye for spectrophotometric detection.	glyoxylic acid	45-59	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	63-80
23740823-2	2013	The GABA-T from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScGABA-TKG) is an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent enzyme encoded by the UGA1 gene, while higher plant GABA-T is a pyruvate/glyoxylate-dependent enzyme encoded by POP2 in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGABA-T).	glyoxylic acid	163-173	Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	4-10
23928095-2	2013	The crystal structures of mouse P5CDH complexed with glutarate, succinate, malonate, glyoxylate, and acetate are reported.	glyoxylic acid	85-95	aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 family, member A1	Mus musculus	32-37
23928095-6	2013	Inhibition of P5CDH by glyoxylate, malonate, succinate, glutarate, and l-glutamate is also examined.	glyoxylic acid	23-33	aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 family, member A1	Mus musculus	14-19
23740823-2	2013	The GABA-T from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScGABA-TKG) is an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent enzyme encoded by the UGA1 gene, while higher plant GABA-T is a pyruvate/glyoxylate-dependent enzyme encoded by POP2 in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGABA-T).	glyoxylic acid	163-173	4-aminobutyrate transaminase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	112-116
23740823-2	2013	The GABA-T from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScGABA-TKG) is an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent enzyme encoded by the UGA1 gene, while higher plant GABA-T is a pyruvate/glyoxylate-dependent enzyme encoded by POP2 in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGABA-T).	glyoxylic acid	163-173	Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	44-50
21898593-4	2011	Renal crystals induced by daily administration of glyoxylate over 9 days (from days 1 to 9) in a murine model were sporadically detected in the renal tubular cells at the corticomedullary junction, where thrombin-cleaved osteopontin expression was also coincidentally detected.	glyoxylic acid	50-60	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	204-212
23279660-9	2013	GLV-, JA- and HIPV-deficient lox10 mutants display compromised resistance to insect feeding, both under laboratory and field conditions, which is strong evidence that LOX10-dependent metabolites confer immunity against insect attack.	glyoxylic acid	0-3	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase10	Zea mays	167-172
23486161-1	2013	OBJECTIVE: Glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) is a key enzyme in the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	89-99	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	11-31
23486161-1	2013	OBJECTIVE: Glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) is a key enzyme in the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	89-99	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	32-57
23486161-1	2013	OBJECTIVE: Glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) is a key enzyme in the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	89-99	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	59-64
22446032-4	2012	Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, a peroxisomal enzyme in humans, converts glyoxylate into glycine, playing a central role in glyoxylate detoxification.	glyoxylic acid	78-88	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	0-35
21833789-7	2012	OPN protein expression gradually increased in the renal cortex-medulla junction after glyoxylate administration, and OPN mRNA was increased until 12 h, but decreased at 24 h. In ultra-microstructural observation, OPN began to appear on the luminal side of renal distal tubular cells at 6 h and was gradually detected in the tubular lumen at 12 h. OPN was present in the crystal nuclei and collapsed mitochondria in the tubular lumen.	glyoxylic acid	86-96	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	0-3
23279660-3	2013	We provide genetic evidence that two 13-LOXs, ZmLOX10 and ZmLOX8, specialize in providing substrate for the green leaf volatile (GLV) and jasmonate (JA) biosynthesis pathways, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	129-132	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase10	Zea mays	46-53
23279660-3	2013	We provide genetic evidence that two 13-LOXs, ZmLOX10 and ZmLOX8, specialize in providing substrate for the green leaf volatile (GLV) and jasmonate (JA) biosynthesis pathways, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	129-132	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase8	Zea mays	58-64
23279660-4	2013	Supporting the specialization of these LOX isoforms, LOX8 and LOX10 are localized to two distinct cellular compartments, indicating that the JA and GLV biosynthesis pathways are physically separated in maize.	glyoxylic acid	148-151	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase8	Zea mays	53-57
23279660-9	2013	GLV-, JA- and HIPV-deficient lox10 mutants display compromised resistance to insect feeding, both under laboratory and field conditions, which is strong evidence that LOX10-dependent metabolites confer immunity against insect attack.	glyoxylic acid	0-3	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase10	Zea mays	29-34
23229545-5	2013	The P11L and G170R replacements interact synergistically to reroute AGT to the mitochondria where it cannot fulfill its metabolic role (i.e. glyoxylate detoxification) effectively.	glyoxylic acid	141-151	serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Cricetulus griseus	68-71
23098902-5	2013	Recombinant N-terminal His-tagged AGT1 purified from Escherichia coli was characterized with Ser, alanine (Ala) and Asn as amino acid donors and glyoxylate, pyruvate and hydroxypyruvate as organic acid acceptors.	glyoxylic acid	145-155	alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase	Arabidopsis thaliana	34-38
22729392-8	2012	We propose that HOGA1 deficiency results in the accumulation of 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate in the mitochondria and its transport into the cytosol where it is converted to glyoxylate by a different cytosolic aldolase.	glyoxylic acid	169-179	4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase 1	Homo sapiens	16-21
22687600-5	2012	We show that Rds2 binds to promoters of genes involved in gluconeogenesis, the glyoxylate shunt, and the TCA cycle as well as some genes encoding mitochondrial components or some involved in the stress response.	glyoxylic acid	79-89	Rds2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
22486513-3	2012	Deficiencies in glyoxylate-metabolizing enzymes alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) or glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) occur in 95% of PH cases.	glyoxylic acid	16-26	serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Canis lupus familiaris	48-83
22486513-3	2012	Deficiencies in glyoxylate-metabolizing enzymes alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) or glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) occur in 95% of PH cases.	glyoxylic acid	16-26	serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Canis lupus familiaris	85-89
22486513-3	2012	Deficiencies in glyoxylate-metabolizing enzymes alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) or glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) occur in 95% of PH cases.	glyoxylic acid	16-26	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Canis lupus familiaris	142-147
22319437-6	2012	The dFBA profiled biologically meaningful dynamic MR-1 metabolisms: 1. the oxidative TCA cycle fluxes increased initially and then decreased in the late growth stage; 2. fluxes in the pentose phosphate pathway and gluconeogenesis were stable in the exponential growth period; and 3. the glyoxylate shunt was up-regulated when acetate became the main carbon source for MR-1 growth.	glyoxylic acid	287-297	Aldolase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	4-8
22018727-1	2012	Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I (PH1) is a disorder of glyoxylate metabolism caused by mutations in the human AGXT gene encoding liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme.	glyoxylic acid	52-62	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	30-33
22018727-1	2012	Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I (PH1) is a disorder of glyoxylate metabolism caused by mutations in the human AGXT gene encoding liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme.	glyoxylic acid	52-62	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	107-111
22018727-1	2012	Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I (PH1) is a disorder of glyoxylate metabolism caused by mutations in the human AGXT gene encoding liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme.	glyoxylic acid	52-62	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	144-179
22018727-1	2012	Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I (PH1) is a disorder of glyoxylate metabolism caused by mutations in the human AGXT gene encoding liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme.	glyoxylic acid	52-62	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	181-184
21898593-4	2011	Renal crystals induced by daily administration of glyoxylate over 9 days (from days 1 to 9) in a murine model were sporadically detected in the renal tubular cells at the corticomedullary junction, where thrombin-cleaved osteopontin expression was also coincidentally detected.	glyoxylic acid	50-60	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	221-232
21892467-0	2011	syn-Selective asymmetric cross-aldol reactions between aldehydes and glyoxylic acid derivatives catalyzed by an axially chiral amino sulfonamide.	glyoxylic acid	69-83	synemin	Homo sapiens	0-3
21416166-4	2011	Adr1 and Cat8 coordinately regulate numerous genes encoding enzymes of gluconeogenesis, the glyoxylate cycle, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, and the utilization of alternative fermentable sugars and nonfermentable substrates.	glyoxylic acid	92-102	DNA-binding transcription factor CAT8	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	9-13
21416166-4	2011	Adr1 and Cat8 coordinately regulate numerous genes encoding enzymes of gluconeogenesis, the glyoxylate cycle, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, and the utilization of alternative fermentable sugars and nonfermentable substrates.	glyoxylic acid	92-102	DNA-binding transcription factor ADR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
21841001-3	2011	The sdh2Delta and fum1Delta strains also exhibited 3-4-fold increases in expression of Cit2, the cytosolic form of citrate synthase that functions in the glyoxylate pathway.	glyoxylic acid	154-164	citrate (Si)-synthase CIT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	87-91
21557725-8	2011	Transcript levels of glyoxylate cycle genes also were lower in acn1-2 than in Col-7.	glyoxylic acid	21-31	acyl-activating enzyme 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	63-69
21557725-8	2011	Transcript levels of glyoxylate cycle genes also were lower in acn1-2 than in Col-7.	glyoxylic acid	21-31	B-box type zinc finger protein with CCT domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	78-83
21358759-3	2011	In this study, we identified glcB, which encodes for the second key enzyme of the glyoxylate pathway, malate synthase, as a requirement for virulence of P. aeruginosa on alfalfa seedlings.	glyoxylic acid	82-92	malate synthase G	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	29-33
21481254-2	2011	ArcA is a global regulator that regulates genes involved in different metabolic pathways, while IclR as a local regulator, controls the transcription of the glyoxylate pathway genes of the aceBAK operon.	glyoxylic acid	157-167	DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator ArcA	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655	0-4
21481254-13	2011	CONCLUSIONS: The deletion of arcA results in a decrease of repression on transcription of TCA cycle genes under glucose abundant conditions, without significantly affecting the glyoxylate pathway activity.	glyoxylic acid	177-187	DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator ArcA	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655	29-33
21084130-0	2011	Regulation of the expression of the hepatocellular sulfate-oxalate exchanger SAT-1 (SLC26A1) by glyoxylate: a metabolic link between liver and kidney?	glyoxylic acid	96-106	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
21084130-0	2011	Regulation of the expression of the hepatocellular sulfate-oxalate exchanger SAT-1 (SLC26A1) by glyoxylate: a metabolic link between liver and kidney?	glyoxylic acid	96-106	solute carrier family 26 member 1	Homo sapiens	84-91
21093948-16	2011	Upregulated expression of sat-1 mRNA and of a functional sat-1 protein indicates that glyoxylate may be responsible for the elevated oxalate release from hepatocytes observed in hyperoxaluria.	glyoxylic acid	86-96	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
21093948-16	2011	Upregulated expression of sat-1 mRNA and of a functional sat-1 protein indicates that glyoxylate may be responsible for the elevated oxalate release from hepatocytes observed in hyperoxaluria.	glyoxylic acid	86-96	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
21093948-0	2011	Glyoxylate is a substrate of the sulfate-oxalate exchanger, sat-1, and increases its expression in HepG2 cells.	glyoxylic acid	0-10	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
21093948-4	2011	METHODS: Sat-1 expressing oocytes were used for cis-inhibition, trans-stimulation, and efflux experiments with labelled sulfate and oxalate to demonstrate the interactions of oxalate, glyoxylate, and glycolate with sat-1.	glyoxylic acid	184-194	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	9-14
21093948-12	2011	Glyoxylate was the only oxalate precursor stimulating sat-1 mRNA-expression.	glyoxylic acid	0-10	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
21093948-13	2011	After incubation of HepG2 cells in glyoxylate, both sat-1 protein-expression and sulfate uptake into the cells increased.	glyoxylic acid	35-45	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
21093948-15	2011	CONCLUSIONS: The oxalate precursor glyoxylate was identified as a substrate of sat-1.	glyoxylic acid	35-45	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	79-84
20863290-4	2010	We hypothesize that ACN1 recycles free acetate to acetyl-CoA within peroxisomes in order that carbon remains fed into the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	122-132	acyl-activating enzyme 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	20-24
20920954-8	2011	DCA is primarily biotransformed to glyoxylate by the bifunctional enzyme glutathione transferase zeta1 and maleylacetoacetate isomerase (GSTz1/MAAI), which also catalyzes the penultimate step in the phenylalanine and tyrosine catabolic pathway.	glyoxylic acid	35-45	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	73-102
20920954-8	2011	DCA is primarily biotransformed to glyoxylate by the bifunctional enzyme glutathione transferase zeta1 and maleylacetoacetate isomerase (GSTz1/MAAI), which also catalyzes the penultimate step in the phenylalanine and tyrosine catabolic pathway.	glyoxylic acid	35-45	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	107-135
20920954-8	2011	DCA is primarily biotransformed to glyoxylate by the bifunctional enzyme glutathione transferase zeta1 and maleylacetoacetate isomerase (GSTz1/MAAI), which also catalyzes the penultimate step in the phenylalanine and tyrosine catabolic pathway.	glyoxylic acid	35-45	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	137-142
20920954-8	2011	DCA is primarily biotransformed to glyoxylate by the bifunctional enzyme glutathione transferase zeta1 and maleylacetoacetate isomerase (GSTz1/MAAI), which also catalyzes the penultimate step in the phenylalanine and tyrosine catabolic pathway.	glyoxylic acid	35-45	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
21205613-5	2011	Here, we report on a third enzyme, HPR3 (At1g12550), in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), which also reduces HP to glycerate and shows even more activity with glyoxylate, a more upstream intermediate of the photorespiratory cycle.	glyoxylic acid	161-171	D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	35-39
21205613-8	2011	Since in silico analysis and proteomic studies from other groups indicate targeting of HPR3 to the chloroplast, this enzyme could provide a compensatory bypass for the reduction of HP and glyoxylate within this compartment.	glyoxylic acid	188-198	D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	87-91
20884751-2	2011	Repeated doses of DCA result in reduced drug clearance, probably through inhibition of glutathione transferase zeta1 (GSTZ1), a cytosolic enzyme that converts DCA to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	166-176	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-116
20884751-2	2011	Repeated doses of DCA result in reduced drug clearance, probably through inhibition of glutathione transferase zeta1 (GSTZ1), a cytosolic enzyme that converts DCA to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	166-176	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-123
21558762-4	2011	In herbivores, peroxisomal localization of SPT appears to be indispensable to prevent excessive oxalate production by removing glyoxylate, an immediate precursor of oxalate, formed from glycolate in this organelle.	glyoxylic acid	127-137	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	43-46
20093293-11	2010	Regulation of the glyoxylate pathway by RpoN is likely to be indirect, and represents a unique regulatory role for this sigma factor in bacterial metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	18-28	RNA polymerase factor sigma-54	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	40-44
20709892-9	2010	Mutants of the glyoxylate shunt gene for isocitrate lyase were able to grow in the presence of oils, while a malate synthase (aceB) deletion mutant grew more slowly than wild type.	glyoxylic acid	15-25	H16_RS21770	Ralstonia eutropha H16	52-57
20619351-7	2010	Inhibition of isocitrate binding to ICL is demonstrated to prevent rescue of glyoxylate cycle that is essential for metabolism of L. maculans in B. oleracea.	glyoxylic acid	77-87	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: isocitrate lyase	Brassica oleracea	36-39
20824196-1	2010	Thermal decomposition of the trinuclear heterometallic oxoacetates [Fe(2)M(mu(3)-O)(CH(3)COO)(6)(H(2)O)(3)] has been used as a single-precursor method for synthesis of the spinel-structured ternary oxides MFe(2)O(4) (M = Mn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II)).	glyoxylic acid	55-66	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	229-234
19887726-3	2009	In the assay of AGT activity using crude enzyme preparations, there is the complication that glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase (GGT) also contributes to AGT activity, but at present no other enzyme is known to catalyze transamination between L-serine and glyoxylate or pyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	103-113	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	16-19
19847013-4	2009	ICL is a key enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle that allows growth on acetate as a sole source of carbon.	glyoxylic acid	27-37	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	0-3
19767422-0	2009	Role of the transcriptional regulator RamB (Rv0465c) in the control of the glyoxylate cycle in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	glyoxylic acid	75-85	HTH-type transcriptional regulator	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	44-51
19767422-3	2009	The open reading frame Rv0465c of M. tuberculosis H37Rv encodes a protein with significant sequence similarity to the transcriptional regulator RamB, which in Corynebacterium glutamicum controls the expression of several genes involved in acetate metabolism, i.e., those encoding enzymes of acetate activation and the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	318-328	HTH-type transcriptional regulator	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	23-30
19686338-9	2010	Recent data show that another zinc cluster protein, Rds2, plays a key role in regulating genes involved in gluconeogenesis and the glyoxylate pathway.	glyoxylic acid	131-141	Rds2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	52-56
20056990-1	2010	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare metabolic disorder caused by a defect in glyoxylate metabolism attributable to low or absent activity of the liver-specific peroxisomal enzyme alanine/glyoxylate aminotransferase.	glyoxylic acid	86-96	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	30-33
20054120-1	2009	Glycolate oxidase, a peroxisomal flavoenzyme, generates glyoxylate at the expense of oxygen.	glyoxylic acid	56-66	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	0-17
19820096-6	2009	Thus, the loss of pykA from M. tuberculosis results in fatty acids being used principally for energy production, in contrast to the situation in the host when carbon from fatty acids is conserved through the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis; when an active pykA gene was introduced into M. bovis, the opposite effects occurred.	glyoxylic acid	208-218	pyruvate kinase	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	18-22
19887726-3	2009	In the assay of AGT activity using crude enzyme preparations, there is the complication that glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase (GGT) also contributes to AGT activity, but at present no other enzyme is known to catalyze transamination between L-serine and glyoxylate or pyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	103-113	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	157-160
19887726-4	2009	Therefore, an assay for AGT using its SGT activity was investigated in which hydroxypyruvate formed from L-serine in the enzymic reaction with glyoxylate was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the presence of tris(hydroxym ethyl)aminomethane (Tris) at pH 8.4.	glyoxylic acid	143-153	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	24-27
19569683-6	2009	PHM catalyzes the O-oxidative dealkylation of BIAA to benzaldoxime and glyoxylate with no involvement of PAL.	glyoxylic acid	71-81	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	0-3
19545238-1	2009	PH1 (primary hyperoxaluria type 1) is a severe inborn disorder of glyoxylate metabolism caused by a functional deficiency of the peroxisomal enzyme AGXT (alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase), which converts glyoxylate into glycine using L-alanine as the amino-group donor.	glyoxylic acid	66-76	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	0-3
19545238-1	2009	PH1 (primary hyperoxaluria type 1) is a severe inborn disorder of glyoxylate metabolism caused by a functional deficiency of the peroxisomal enzyme AGXT (alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase), which converts glyoxylate into glycine using L-alanine as the amino-group donor.	glyoxylic acid	66-76	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	5-33
19545238-1	2009	PH1 (primary hyperoxaluria type 1) is a severe inborn disorder of glyoxylate metabolism caused by a functional deficiency of the peroxisomal enzyme AGXT (alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase), which converts glyoxylate into glycine using L-alanine as the amino-group donor.	glyoxylic acid	66-76	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	154-189
19545238-2	2009	Even though pre-genomic studies indicate that other human transaminases can convert glyoxylate into glycine, in PH1 patients these enzymes are apparently unable to compensate for the lack of AGXT, perhaps due to their limited levels of expression, their localization in an inappropriate cell compartment or the scarcity of the required amino-group donor.	glyoxylic acid	84-94	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	112-115
19545238-5	2009	We show that among the eight enzymes tested, only GPT (alanine transaminase) and PSAT1 (phosphoserine aminotransferase 1) can transaminate glyoxylate with good efficiency, using L-glutamate (and, for GPT, also L-alanine) as the best amino-group donor.	glyoxylic acid	139-149	glutamic--pyruvic transaminase	Homo sapiens	50-53
19545238-5	2009	We show that among the eight enzymes tested, only GPT (alanine transaminase) and PSAT1 (phosphoserine aminotransferase 1) can transaminate glyoxylate with good efficiency, using L-glutamate (and, for GPT, also L-alanine) as the best amino-group donor.	glyoxylic acid	139-149	phosphoserine aminotransferase 1	Homo sapiens	81-86
19545238-5	2009	We show that among the eight enzymes tested, only GPT (alanine transaminase) and PSAT1 (phosphoserine aminotransferase 1) can transaminate glyoxylate with good efficiency, using L-glutamate (and, for GPT, also L-alanine) as the best amino-group donor.	glyoxylic acid	139-149	phosphoserine aminotransferase 1	Homo sapiens	88-120
19545238-5	2009	We show that among the eight enzymes tested, only GPT (alanine transaminase) and PSAT1 (phosphoserine aminotransferase 1) can transaminate glyoxylate with good efficiency, using L-glutamate (and, for GPT, also L-alanine) as the best amino-group donor.	glyoxylic acid	139-149	glutamic--pyruvic transaminase	Homo sapiens	200-203
19383711-5	2009	Whilst Gis1p and Rim15p have distinct functions in gene repression, the growth defects of gis1 or rim15 deletants can be accounted for by the overlapping functions of their protein products in promoting the expression of genes involved in glutamate biosynthesis, the glyoxylate cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway and the stress response.	glyoxylic acid	267-277	histone demethylase GIS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	90-94
19479957-1	2009	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive, inherited disorder of glyoxylate metabolism arising from a deficiency of the alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) enzyme, encoded by the AGXT gene.	glyoxylic acid	84-94	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	0-28
19479957-1	2009	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive, inherited disorder of glyoxylate metabolism arising from a deficiency of the alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) enzyme, encoded by the AGXT gene.	glyoxylic acid	84-94	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	30-33
19479957-1	2009	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive, inherited disorder of glyoxylate metabolism arising from a deficiency of the alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) enzyme, encoded by the AGXT gene.	glyoxylic acid	84-94	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	139-174
19479957-1	2009	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive, inherited disorder of glyoxylate metabolism arising from a deficiency of the alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) enzyme, encoded by the AGXT gene.	glyoxylic acid	84-94	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	176-179
19479957-1	2009	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive, inherited disorder of glyoxylate metabolism arising from a deficiency of the alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) enzyme, encoded by the AGXT gene.	glyoxylic acid	84-94	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	204-208
19604476-2	2009	The enzyme peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.2.5) catalyzes the second and last step of this reaction, N-dealkylation of the peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine to generate the alpha-amidated peptide and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	229-239	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	11-62
19604476-2	2009	The enzyme peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.2.5) catalyzes the second and last step of this reaction, N-dealkylation of the peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine to generate the alpha-amidated peptide and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	229-239	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	64-67
19383711-5	2009	Whilst Gis1p and Rim15p have distinct functions in gene repression, the growth defects of gis1 or rim15 deletants can be accounted for by the overlapping functions of their protein products in promoting the expression of genes involved in glutamate biosynthesis, the glyoxylate cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway and the stress response.	glyoxylic acid	267-277	protein kinase RIM15	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-103
19170548-1	2009	The peptide C-terminal amide group essential for the full biological activity of many peptide hormones is produced by consecutive actions of peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) and peptidylamidoglycolate lyase (PAL); PHM catalyzes the hydroxylation of C-terminal glycine, and PAL decomposes the peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine to an amidated peptide and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	372-382	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	192-195
19155213-1	2009	Human liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) is a pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that converts glyoxylate into glycine.	glyoxylic acid	32-42	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	61-64
19155213-1	2009	Human liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) is a pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that converts glyoxylate into glycine.	glyoxylic acid	32-42	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	95-98
19170548-1	2009	The peptide C-terminal amide group essential for the full biological activity of many peptide hormones is produced by consecutive actions of peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) and peptidylamidoglycolate lyase (PAL); PHM catalyzes the hydroxylation of C-terminal glycine, and PAL decomposes the peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine to an amidated peptide and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	372-382	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	141-190
19170548-1	2009	The peptide C-terminal amide group essential for the full biological activity of many peptide hormones is produced by consecutive actions of peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) and peptidylamidoglycolate lyase (PAL); PHM catalyzes the hydroxylation of C-terminal glycine, and PAL decomposes the peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine to an amidated peptide and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	372-382	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	201-229
18223071-4	2008	While all other mutants and the reference E. coli strain exhibited high glyoxylate shunt and PEP carboxykinase fluxes, and thus high PEP-glyoxylate cycle flux, this cycle was essentially abolished in both the Crp and Cya mutants, which lack the cAMP-cAMP receptor protein complex.	glyoxylic acid	137-147	catabolite gene activator protein	Escherichia coli	209-212
19264755-0	2009	Biochemical characterization, mitochondrial localization, expression, and potential functions for an Arabidopsis gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase that utilizes both pyruvate and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	178-188	Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	113-145
19264755-5	2009	Activity assays indicated that purified recombinant GABA-T has both pyruvate- and glyoxylate-dependent activities, but cannot utilize 2-oxoglutarate as amino acceptor.	glyoxylic acid	82-92	Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	52-58
19264755-6	2009	Kinetic parameters for glyoxylate- and pyruvate-dependent GABA-T activities were similar, with physiologically relevant affinities.	glyoxylic acid	23-33	Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	58-64
19264755-7	2009	Assays of GABA-T activity in cell-free leaf extracts from wild-type Arabidopsis and two knockout mutants in different genetic backgrounds confirmed that the native enzyme possesses both pyruvate- and glyoxylate-dependent activities.	glyoxylic acid	200-210	Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	10-16
19264755-9	2009	A GABA-T with dual functions suggests the potential for interaction between GABA metabolism and photorespiratory glyoxylate production.	glyoxylic acid	113-123	Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	2-8
18505365-3	2008	In this study, we estimated OPN function in early morphological changes of calcium oxalate crystals using OPN knockout mice: 100 mg/kg glyoxylate was intra-abdominally injected into wildtype mice (WT) and OPN knockout mice (KO) for a week, and 24-h urine oxalate excretion showed no significant difference between WT and KO.	glyoxylic acid	135-145	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	28-31
18716621-5	2008	Replacing the amino acid involved in these steps by a non-polar residue markedly reduces AOS activity and, unexpectedly, is both necessary and sufficient for converting AOS into a GLV biosynthetic enzyme.	glyoxylic acid	180-183	allene oxide synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	89-92
18716621-5	2008	Replacing the amino acid involved in these steps by a non-polar residue markedly reduces AOS activity and, unexpectedly, is both necessary and sufficient for converting AOS into a GLV biosynthetic enzyme.	glyoxylic acid	180-183	allene oxide synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	169-172
19077206-2	2008	In this context, the hydrodynamic transfer of two glyoxylate cycle enzymes, such as isocytrate lyase (ICL) and malate synthase (MS), could accomplish the shift of using fat for the synthesis of glucose.	glyoxylic acid	50-60	citrate lyase beta like	Mus musculus	111-126
18671860-9	2008	CONCLUSION: Our dataset gives a remarkably complete view of the involvement of genes in the TCA cycle, glyoxylate cycle and respiratory chain in the expression of the phenotype of V5.TM6*P. Furthermore, 88% of the transcriptional response of the induced genes in our dataset can be related to the potential activities of just three proteins: Hap4, Cat8 and Mig1.	glyoxylic acid	103-113	transcription factor HAP4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	342-346
18671860-9	2008	CONCLUSION: Our dataset gives a remarkably complete view of the involvement of genes in the TCA cycle, glyoxylate cycle and respiratory chain in the expression of the phenotype of V5.TM6*P. Furthermore, 88% of the transcriptional response of the induced genes in our dataset can be related to the potential activities of just three proteins: Hap4, Cat8 and Mig1.	glyoxylic acid	103-113	DNA-binding transcription factor CAT8	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	348-352
18671860-9	2008	CONCLUSION: Our dataset gives a remarkably complete view of the involvement of genes in the TCA cycle, glyoxylate cycle and respiratory chain in the expression of the phenotype of V5.TM6*P. Furthermore, 88% of the transcriptional response of the induced genes in our dataset can be related to the potential activities of just three proteins: Hap4, Cat8 and Mig1.	glyoxylic acid	103-113	transcription factor MIG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	357-361
18600279-3	2008	Reaction of glyoxylate based chiral nitrones either at the C-2 or at the C-3 position of the pyrrole nucleus afforded N-hydroxyamino esters in high yields as single diastereoisomers.	glyoxylic acid	12-22	complement C2	Homo sapiens	59-62
18600279-3	2008	Reaction of glyoxylate based chiral nitrones either at the C-2 or at the C-3 position of the pyrrole nucleus afforded N-hydroxyamino esters in high yields as single diastereoisomers.	glyoxylic acid	12-22	complement C3	Homo sapiens	73-76
18546696-4	2008	The EDB data show that glyoxylic acid, 4-methylphthalic acid, monosaccharides (fructose and mannose), and disaccharides (maltose and lactose) did not crystallize and existed as metastable droplets at low relative humidity (RH).	glyoxylic acid	23-37	vesicle associated membrane protein 8	Homo sapiens	4-7
18687588-7	2008	Microarray analysis revealed that many genes whose expression is altered in mutants with a deficiency in the glyoxylate pathway, also have a changed expression level in Atscp2-1.	glyoxylic acid	109-119	sterol carrier protein 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	169-175
18271541-1	2008	Isocitrate lyase (ICL, EC 4.1.3.1) is commonly present in oil-rich seeds in catalyzing the cleavage of isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate and plays an essential role in lipid metabolism and gluconeogenesis.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	isocitrate lyase 1	Glycine max	18-21
18495639-2	2008	Recently, recombinant expression of a cytosolic enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh (designated as glyoxylate reductase 1 or AtGR1) revealed that it effectively catalyses the in vitro reduction of both glyoxylate and succinic semialdehyde (SSA).	glyoxylic acid	107-117	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Arabidopsis thaliana	133-138
18215067-1	2008	Human glycolate oxidase (GO) catalyzes the FMN-dependent oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate and glyoxylate to oxalate, a key metabolite in kidney stone formation.	glyoxylic acid	83-93	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	6-23
18215067-1	2008	Human glycolate oxidase (GO) catalyzes the FMN-dependent oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate and glyoxylate to oxalate, a key metabolite in kidney stone formation.	glyoxylic acid	83-93	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	25-27
18215067-1	2008	Human glycolate oxidase (GO) catalyzes the FMN-dependent oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate and glyoxylate to oxalate, a key metabolite in kidney stone formation.	glyoxylic acid	83-93	formin 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
18215067-1	2008	Human glycolate oxidase (GO) catalyzes the FMN-dependent oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate and glyoxylate to oxalate, a key metabolite in kidney stone formation.	glyoxylic acid	98-108	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	6-23
18215067-1	2008	Human glycolate oxidase (GO) catalyzes the FMN-dependent oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate and glyoxylate to oxalate, a key metabolite in kidney stone formation.	glyoxylic acid	98-108	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	25-27
18215067-1	2008	Human glycolate oxidase (GO) catalyzes the FMN-dependent oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate and glyoxylate to oxalate, a key metabolite in kidney stone formation.	glyoxylic acid	98-108	formin 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
18215067-2	2008	We report herein the structures of recombinant GO complexed with sulfate, glyoxylate, and an inhibitor, 4-carboxy-5-dodecylsulfanyl-1,2,3-triazole (CDST), determined by X-ray crystallography.	glyoxylic acid	74-84	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	47-49
18215067-8	2008	The kinetic parameters for the oxidation of glycolate, glyoxylate, and 2-hydroxy octanoate indicate that the oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate is the primary reaction catalyzed by GO, while the oxidation of glyoxylate to oxalate is most likely not relevant under normal conditions.	glyoxylic acid	55-65	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	183-185
18215067-8	2008	The kinetic parameters for the oxidation of glycolate, glyoxylate, and 2-hydroxy octanoate indicate that the oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate is the primary reaction catalyzed by GO, while the oxidation of glyoxylate to oxalate is most likely not relevant under normal conditions.	glyoxylic acid	135-145	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	183-185
18215067-8	2008	The kinetic parameters for the oxidation of glycolate, glyoxylate, and 2-hydroxy octanoate indicate that the oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate is the primary reaction catalyzed by GO, while the oxidation of glyoxylate to oxalate is most likely not relevant under normal conditions.	glyoxylic acid	135-145	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	183-185
18215067-9	2008	However, drugs that exploit the unique structural features of GO may ultimately prove to be useful for decreasing glycolate and glyoxylate levels in primary hyperoxaluria type 1 patients who have the inability to convert peroxisomal glyoxylate to glycine.	glyoxylic acid	128-138	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	62-64
18215067-9	2008	However, drugs that exploit the unique structural features of GO may ultimately prove to be useful for decreasing glycolate and glyoxylate levels in primary hyperoxaluria type 1 patients who have the inability to convert peroxisomal glyoxylate to glycine.	glyoxylic acid	233-243	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	62-64
18495639-6	2008	Kinetic analysis revealed that recombinant GR2 catalysed the conversion of glyoxylate to glycolate (K(m) glyoxylate=34 microM), and SSA to gamma-hydroxybutyrate (K(m) SSA=8.96 mM) via an essentially irreversible, NADPH-based mechanism.	glyoxylic acid	105-115	glyoxylate reductase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	43-46
18495639-7	2008	GR2 had a 350-fold higher preference for glyoxylate than SSA, based on the performance constants (k(cat)/K(m)).	glyoxylic acid	41-51	glyoxylate reductase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-3
18495640-4	2008	Recent evidence indicates that distinct cytosolic and plastidial glyoxylate reductase isoforms from Arabidopsis (designated herein after as AtGR1 and AtGR2, respectively) catalyse the in vitro conversion of SSA to GHB, as well as glyoxylate to glycolate, via NADPH-dependent reactions.	glyoxylic acid	65-75	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Arabidopsis thaliana	140-145
18495640-4	2008	Recent evidence indicates that distinct cytosolic and plastidial glyoxylate reductase isoforms from Arabidopsis (designated herein after as AtGR1 and AtGR2, respectively) catalyse the in vitro conversion of SSA to GHB, as well as glyoxylate to glycolate, via NADPH-dependent reactions.	glyoxylic acid	65-75	glyoxylate reductase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	150-155
18495639-6	2008	Kinetic analysis revealed that recombinant GR2 catalysed the conversion of glyoxylate to glycolate (K(m) glyoxylate=34 microM), and SSA to gamma-hydroxybutyrate (K(m) SSA=8.96 mM) via an essentially irreversible, NADPH-based mechanism.	glyoxylic acid	75-85	glyoxylate reductase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	43-46
17581114-11	2007	These results demonstrate a role for the ABC protein CTS in providing acetate to the glyoxylate cycle in developing seedlings.	glyoxylic acid	85-95	peroxisomal ABC transporter 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	53-56
18289107-3	2008	Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) is a peroxisomal pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme which catalyzes the transamination of alanine and glyoxylate to pyruvate and glycine.	glyoxylic acid	8-18	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	37-40
18289107-3	2008	Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) is a peroxisomal pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme which catalyzes the transamination of alanine and glyoxylate to pyruvate and glycine.	glyoxylic acid	8-18	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	83-86
17824633-7	2007	The decreased expression (>2-fold) of isocitrate dehydrogenase at the protein level suggests that the ethanol grown cultures shifted toward the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	147-157	Gfo/Idh/MocA family oxidoreductase	Saccharolobus solfataricus P2	52-65
17319879-8	2007	These results suggest that ICL is involved in the assimilation of acetate, acyclic monoterpenes of the citronellol family, alkanols, and leucine, in which the final intermediary acetyl-coenzyme A may be channelled to the glyoxylate shunt.	glyoxylic acid	221-231	isocitrate lyase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	27-30
16990263-5	2006	The other AGT is a typical dipteran insect AGT and is specific for converting glyoxylic acid to glycine.	glyoxylic acid	78-92	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	10-13
17393196-12	2007	A dramatic increase in the expression of OPN was observed by the administration of glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	83-93	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	41-44
16990263-5	2006	The other AGT is a typical dipteran insect AGT and is specific for converting glyoxylic acid to glycine.	glyoxylic acid	78-92	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	43-46
16990263-6	2006	Here we report the 1.75A high-resolution three-dimensional crystal structure of AGT from the mosquito Aedes aegypti (AeAGT) and structures of its complexes with reactants glyoxylic acid and alanine at 1.75 and 2.1A resolution, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	171-185	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	80-83
16990263-7	2006	This is the first time that the three-dimensional crystal structures of an AGT with its amino acceptor, glyoxylic acid, and amino donor, alanine, have been determined.	glyoxylic acid	104-118	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	75-78
16990263-10	2006	The comparison of the AeAGT-glyoxylic acid structure with other AGT structures revealed that these glyoxylic acid binding residues are conserved in most AGTs.	glyoxylic acid	28-42	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	24-27
16990263-10	2006	The comparison of the AeAGT-glyoxylic acid structure with other AGT structures revealed that these glyoxylic acid binding residues are conserved in most AGTs.	glyoxylic acid	99-113	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	24-27
16922352-1	2006	Primary hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) is a congenital defect in glyoxylate metabolism caused by a deficiency in the liver-specific peroxisomal enzyme known as alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT).	glyoxylic acid	61-71	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	156-191
17216712-9	2006	Our results imply up-regulation in both dauers and daf-2 mutant adults of gluconeogenesis, glyoxylate pathway activity, and trehalose biosynthesis.	glyoxylic acid	91-101	Insulin-like receptor subunit beta;Protein kinase domain-containing protein;Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase	Caenorhabditis elegans	51-56
16832579-0	2006	Regulation of respiratory growth by Ras: the glyoxylate cycle mutant, cit2Delta, is suppressed by RAS2.	glyoxylic acid	45-55	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-102
16832579-3	2006	The data show that the overexpression of RAS2 suppresses the growth defect of the glyoxylate cycle citrate synthase mutant, cit2Delta.	glyoxylic acid	82-92	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	41-45
16922352-1	2006	Primary hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) is a congenital defect in glyoxylate metabolism caused by a deficiency in the liver-specific peroxisomal enzyme known as alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT).	glyoxylic acid	61-71	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	193-196
16922352-2	2006	The deficiency is due to mutations in the AGXT gene, located on chromosome 2q37.3, and results in the conversion of glyoxylate to oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	116-126	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	42-46
16756993-1	2006	Human glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) is a D-2-hydroxy-acid dehydrogenase that plays a critical role in the removal of the metabolic by-product glyoxylate from within the liver.	glyoxylic acid	6-16	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	27-52
16756993-1	2006	Human glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) is a D-2-hydroxy-acid dehydrogenase that plays a critical role in the removal of the metabolic by-product glyoxylate from within the liver.	glyoxylic acid	6-16	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	54-59
16756993-7	2006	GRHPR has an unusual substrate specificity, preferring glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate, but not pyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	55-65	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	0-5
16739017-2	2006	Detached leaves of the mutant were shown to release less (Z)-3-hexenal, a first green leaf volatile (GLV) product of the LOX/lyase pathway.	glyoxylic acid	101-104	lipoxygenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	121-124
16158286-2	2006	Using these vectors, the AGX1 gene encoding alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) from S. cerevisiae, which converts glyoxylate into glycine but is not present in Ashbya gossypii, was expressed in A. gossypii.	glyoxylic acid	52-62	alanine--glyoxylate transaminase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-29
16158286-6	2006	In the presence of 50 mM glyoxylate, the riboflavin concentration and the specific riboflavin concentration of A. gossypii pYPKTPAT were 2- and 1.3-fold those of A. gossypii pYPKT without the AGX1 gene.	glyoxylic acid	25-35	alanine--glyoxylate transaminase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	192-196
16847354-7	2006	These results suggest that vitamin B6 is necessary for glyoxylate metabolism as a coenzyme of AGT.	glyoxylic acid	55-65	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	94-97
16739017-2	2006	Detached leaves of the mutant were shown to release less (Z)-3-hexenal, a first green leaf volatile (GLV) product of the LOX/lyase pathway.	glyoxylic acid	101-104	lyase	Arabidopsis thaliana	125-130
16739017-5	2006	C. glomerata was attracted by two of the GLV biosynthesized through the LOX/lyase pathway, (E)-2-hexenal and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate.	glyoxylic acid	41-44	lipoxygenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	72-75
16739017-5	2006	C. glomerata was attracted by two of the GLV biosynthesized through the LOX/lyase pathway, (E)-2-hexenal and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate.	glyoxylic acid	41-44	lyase	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-81
16199472-2	2006	DCA is biotransformed to glyoxylate by glutathione S-transferase zeta (GSTz1-1), which is identical to maleylacetoacetate isomerase, an enzyme of tyrosine catabolism.	glyoxylic acid	25-35	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Rattus norvegicus	71-78
16522328-7	2006	Our results imply up-regulation in both dauers and daf-2 mutant adults of gluconeogenesis, glyoxylate pathway activity, and trehalose biosynthesis.	glyoxylic acid	91-101	Insulin-like receptor subunit beta;Protein kinase domain-containing protein;Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase	Caenorhabditis elegans	51-56
16309382-6	2006	These results are compatible with the findings in PH1 and PH2, in which AGT and GR/HPR deficiencies lead to increased oxalate synthesis, due to the failure to detoxify its immediate precursor glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	192-202	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	50-53
16309382-6	2006	These results are compatible with the findings in PH1 and PH2, in which AGT and GR/HPR deficiencies lead to increased oxalate synthesis, due to the failure to detoxify its immediate precursor glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	192-202	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	58-61
16309382-6	2006	These results are compatible with the findings in PH1 and PH2, in which AGT and GR/HPR deficiencies lead to increased oxalate synthesis, due to the failure to detoxify its immediate precursor glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	192-202	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	72-75
16457775-5	2006	Comparison of Arabidopsis AOX1a (AtAOX1a) mutants with single or double substitutions at Cys(I) and Cys(II) confirmed that glyoxylate interacted with either Cys, while the effect of pyruvate (or succinate for AtAOX1a substituted with Ala at Cys(I)) was limited to Cys(I).	glyoxylic acid	123-133	alternative oxidase 1A	Arabidopsis thaliana	26-31
16199472-2	2006	DCA is biotransformed to glyoxylate by glutathione S-transferase zeta (GSTz1-1), which is identical to maleylacetoacetate isomerase, an enzyme of tyrosine catabolism.	glyoxylic acid	25-35	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Rattus norvegicus	103-131
16899523-2	2006	In adult plants, two genes encoding mitochondrial isoforms m-AlaAT and alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), catalysing, respectively, reversible reactions of alanine/oxoglutarate<==>glutamate/pyruvate and alanine/glyoxylate<==>glycine/pyruvate, were expressed in roots, stems, and leaves.	glyoxylic acid	79-89	alanine aminotransferase 2	Medicago truncatula	61-66
15701798-6	2005	This unusual growth phenotype was due to an incomplete glucose repression of the function of the glyoxylate cycle, as shown by the lack of growth in that medium of double pyc1 icl1 mutants lacking both pyruvate carboxylase and isocitrate lyase activity.	glyoxylic acid	97-107	pyruvate carboxylase 1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	171-175
16168380-4	2005	For this study, human serum albumin (HSA)-AGEs derived from different concentrations of glucose, methyl glyoxal, and glyoxylic acid were used.	glyoxylic acid	117-131	albumin	Homo sapiens	22-35
16198644-0	2005	A preliminary account of the properties of recombinant human Glyoxylate reductase (GRHPR), LDHA and LDHB with glyoxylate, and their potential roles in its metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	110-120	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	61-81
16198644-0	2005	A preliminary account of the properties of recombinant human Glyoxylate reductase (GRHPR), LDHA and LDHB with glyoxylate, and their potential roles in its metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	110-120	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	83-88
16198644-0	2005	A preliminary account of the properties of recombinant human Glyoxylate reductase (GRHPR), LDHA and LDHB with glyoxylate, and their potential roles in its metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	110-120	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	91-95
16198644-0	2005	A preliminary account of the properties of recombinant human Glyoxylate reductase (GRHPR), LDHA and LDHB with glyoxylate, and their potential roles in its metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	110-120	lactate dehydrogenase B	Homo sapiens	100-104
16198644-2	2005	Glyoxylate reductase (GRHPR) has a potentially protective role metabolising glyoxylate to the less reactive glycolate.	glyoxylic acid	76-86	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	0-20
16198644-2	2005	Glyoxylate reductase (GRHPR) has a potentially protective role metabolising glyoxylate to the less reactive glycolate.	glyoxylic acid	76-86	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	22-27
16198644-3	2005	In this paper, the kinetic parameters of recombinant human LDHA, LDHB and GR have been compared with respect to their affinity for glyoxylate and related substrates.	glyoxylic acid	131-141	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	59-63
16198644-3	2005	In this paper, the kinetic parameters of recombinant human LDHA, LDHB and GR have been compared with respect to their affinity for glyoxylate and related substrates.	glyoxylic acid	131-141	lactate dehydrogenase B	Homo sapiens	65-69
16198644-4	2005	The Km values and specificity constants (Kcat/K(M)) of purified recombinant human LDHA, LDHB and GRHPR were determined for the reduction of glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	140-150	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	82-86
16198644-4	2005	The Km values and specificity constants (Kcat/K(M)) of purified recombinant human LDHA, LDHB and GRHPR were determined for the reduction of glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	140-150	lactate dehydrogenase B	Homo sapiens	88-92
16198644-4	2005	The Km values and specificity constants (Kcat/K(M)) of purified recombinant human LDHA, LDHB and GRHPR were determined for the reduction of glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	140-150	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	97-102
16198644-5	2005	K(M) values with glyoxylate were 29.3 mM for LDHA, 9.9 mM for LDHB and 1.0 mM for GRHPR.	glyoxylic acid	17-27	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	45-49
16198644-5	2005	K(M) values with glyoxylate were 29.3 mM for LDHA, 9.9 mM for LDHB and 1.0 mM for GRHPR.	glyoxylic acid	17-27	lactate dehydrogenase B	Homo sapiens	62-72
16198644-5	2005	K(M) values with glyoxylate were 29.3 mM for LDHA, 9.9 mM for LDHB and 1.0 mM for GRHPR.	glyoxylic acid	17-27	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	82-87
16198644-6	2005	For the oxidation of glyoxylate, K(M) values were 0.18 mM and 0.26 mM for LDHA and LDHB respectively with NAD+ as cofactor.	glyoxylic acid	21-31	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	74-78
16198644-6	2005	For the oxidation of glyoxylate, K(M) values were 0.18 mM and 0.26 mM for LDHA and LDHB respectively with NAD+ as cofactor.	glyoxylic acid	21-31	lactate dehydrogenase B	Homo sapiens	83-87
15840574-9	2005	Overall, these data indicate a species-specific regulation by PPARalpha of GRHPR, a key gene of the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	100-110	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	62-71
15840574-9	2005	Overall, these data indicate a species-specific regulation by PPARalpha of GRHPR, a key gene of the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	100-110	glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase	Mus musculus	75-80
15708367-8	2005	In addition, we found that H(2)O(2) inactivates ICL and degrades its product, glyoxylate, when CAT is inactive.	glyoxylic acid	78-88	catalase isozyme 1-like	Ricinus communis	95-98
15533942-10	2005	Labeling studies with [(14)C]acetate showed that acn1 seedlings, like those of the isocitrate lyase mutant icl-1 (isocitrate lyase), are compromised in carbohydrate synthesis, indicating that this enzyme is responsible for activating exogenous acetate to the coenzyme A form for entry into the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	294-304	acyl-activating enzyme 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	49-53
15659676-4	2005	However, the sodB gene, encoding superoxide dismutase, and the aceBAK operon, encoding the glyoxalate shunt enzymes, show the opposite responses, being activated by the loss of Crp and repressed by the loss of Fur.	glyoxylic acid	91-101	catabolite gene activator protein	Escherichia coli	177-180
15240345-10	2004	Mitochondria, which produce glyoxylate from hydroxyproline metabolism, contained both alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT)2 and glyoxylate reductase activities, which can convert glyoxylate to glycine and glycolate, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	28-38	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	86-121
15580638-1	2005	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive disorder of glyoxylate metabolism, in which excessive oxalates are formed by the liver and excreted by the kidneys, causing a wide spectrum of disease, ranging from renal failure in infancy to mere renal stones in late adulthood.	glyoxylic acid	73-83	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	30-33
15240345-10	2004	Mitochondria, which produce glyoxylate from hydroxyproline metabolism, contained both alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT)2 and glyoxylate reductase activities, which can convert glyoxylate to glycine and glycolate, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	94-104	alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2	Homo sapiens	123-128
15240345-10	2004	Mitochondria, which produce glyoxylate from hydroxyproline metabolism, contained both alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT)2 and glyoxylate reductase activities, which can convert glyoxylate to glycine and glycolate, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	28-38	alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2	Homo sapiens	123-128
15240345-10	2004	Mitochondria, which produce glyoxylate from hydroxyproline metabolism, contained both alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT)2 and glyoxylate reductase activities, which can convert glyoxylate to glycine and glycolate, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	28-38	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	133-153
15144222-3	2004	GSTZ1-1 catalyzes the bioactivation of fluorine-lacking dihaloacetates to S-(alpha-halocarboxymethyl)glutathione, a reactive intermediate that covalently modifies and inactivates the enzyme or is hydrolyzed to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	210-220	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
15272001-14	2004	The mls seedlings also accumulate more glycine and serine than icl or wild type seedlings, consistent with a diversion of glyoxylate into these intermediates of the photorespiratory pathway.	glyoxylic acid	122-132	malate synthase	Arabidopsis thaliana	4-7
15464418-2	2004	The disease is caused by a deficiency of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) which catalyzes the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine.	glyoxylic acid	49-59	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	78-81
15464418-3	2004	When AGT is absent, glyoxylate is converted to oxalate which forms insoluble calcium salts that accumulate in the kidney and other organs.	glyoxylic acid	20-30	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	5-8
15197729-6	2004	Also, most of the structural genes involved in trehalose and glycogen synthesis and a few genes in the glyoxylate cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway are derepressed in the ssy1 and stp1 stp2 strains.	glyoxylic acid	103-113	Ssy1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	177-181
15197729-6	2004	Also, most of the structural genes involved in trehalose and glycogen synthesis and a few genes in the glyoxylate cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway are derepressed in the ssy1 and stp1 stp2 strains.	glyoxylic acid	103-113	Stp1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	186-195
15034143-8	2004	Our findings indicate that flux through the glyoxylate pathway during sporulation regulates modification of mother SPBs via recruitment of Mpc70p and Spo74p.	glyoxylic acid	44-54	Spo21p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	139-145
15034143-8	2004	Our findings indicate that flux through the glyoxylate pathway during sporulation regulates modification of mother SPBs via recruitment of Mpc70p and Spo74p.	glyoxylic acid	44-54	Spo74p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	150-156
14599561-2	2003	DCA is biotransformed to glyoxylate by maleylacetoacetate isomerase (MAAI).	glyoxylic acid	25-35	glutathione transferase zeta 1 (maleylacetoacetate isomerase)	Mus musculus	39-67
15144222-10	2004	Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase was inactivated partially by glyoxylate when reactants were reduced with sodium borodeuteride, which may indicate that glyoxylate reacts with selective lysine epsilon-amino groups.	glyoxylic acid	63-73	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	0-33
15144222-10	2004	Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase was inactivated partially by glyoxylate when reactants were reduced with sodium borodeuteride, which may indicate that glyoxylate reacts with selective lysine epsilon-amino groups.	glyoxylic acid	153-163	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	0-33
15144222-11	2004	The results of the present study demonstrate that GSTZ1-1 catalyzes the bioactivation of DCA to the reactive metabolite glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	120-130	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-57
14635115-10	2003	Although there is wide expression of the GRHPR mRNA demonstrated by northern blot analysis, our study shows that GRHPR protein distribution is predominantly hepatic and concludes that PH2, like the related type 1 disease, is primarily a disorder affecting hepatic glyoxylate metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	264-274	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	184-187
14599561-2	2003	DCA is biotransformed to glyoxylate by maleylacetoacetate isomerase (MAAI).	glyoxylic acid	25-35	glutathione transferase zeta 1 (maleylacetoacetate isomerase)	Mus musculus	69-73
14578854-1	2003	Hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (Hao1) is a liver-specific peroxisomal enzyme that oxidizes glycolate to glyoxylate with concomitant production of H2O2.	glyoxylic acid	95-105	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-21
14578854-1	2003	Hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (Hao1) is a liver-specific peroxisomal enzyme that oxidizes glycolate to glyoxylate with concomitant production of H2O2.	glyoxylic acid	95-105	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-27
12660328-3	2003	Although SPT/AGT is a bifunctional enzyme involved in the metabolism of both L-serine and glyoxylate, its contribution to L-serine metabolism is independent of mitochondrial or peroxisomal localization (Xue HH et al., J Biol Chem 274: 16028-16033, 1999).	glyoxylic acid	90-100	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
12646261-3	2003	The addition of PAM to glutathione, a series of S-alkylated glutathiones, and leukotriene C(4) results in the consumption of O(2) and the production of the corresponding amidated peptide and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	191-201	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	16-19
12845606-1	2003	To set the basis for molecular and cellular studies of the glyoxylate cycle in methylotrophic yeasts, we isolated and characterized ALG2, the Hansenula polymorpha isocitrate lyase gene.	glyoxylic acid	59-69	GDP-Man:Man(1)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichol alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	132-136
12244711-5	2002	A connection was established between the structure and kinetic characteristics of malate dehydrogenase--an enzyme of the TCA and glyoxylate cycles--and the type of carbon metabolism in the strains studied.	glyoxylic acid	129-139	malic enzyme 1	Homo sapiens	82-102
12455691-2	2002	This gene encodes isocitrate lyase, a component of the glyoxylate cycle, and is essential for the successful colonization of B. napus.	glyoxylic acid	55-65	isocitrate lyase	Brassica napus	18-34
12220660-3	2002	In addition, Ae-HKT/AGT is also able to catalyze the transamination of 3-HK or kynurenine with glyoxylate, pyruvate or oxaloacetate as the amino acceptor.	glyoxylic acid	95-105	O-6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase	Drosophila melanogaster	20-23
12220660-4	2002	Kinetic analysis and other data suggest that Ae-HKT/AGT plays a critical role in mosquito tryptophan catabolism by detoxifying 3-HK and that Dm-Spat is primarily involved in glyoxylate detoxification.	glyoxylic acid	174-184	Serine pyruvate aminotransferase	Drosophila melanogaster	141-148
12692343-6	2003	The 35S-PCK1 antisense lines have a more extreme phenotype when compared with Arabidopsis mutants disrupted in the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	115-125	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	8-12
12544342-2	2003	Glyoxylate is enzymatically converted to glycine by alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase in the liver and vitamin B6 has a key role as a coenzyme.	glyoxylic acid	0-10	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	52-87
12529529-8	2003	Four aminotransferase activities were specifically associated with GGT1 and GGT2, using the substrate pairs glutamate (Glu):glyoxylate, Ala:glyoxylate, Glu:pyruvate, and Ala:2-oxoglutarate.	glyoxylic acid	124-134	gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	67-71
12529529-8	2003	Four aminotransferase activities were specifically associated with GGT1 and GGT2, using the substrate pairs glutamate (Glu):glyoxylate, Ala:glyoxylate, Glu:pyruvate, and Ala:2-oxoglutarate.	glyoxylic acid	124-134	gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-80
12529529-8	2003	Four aminotransferase activities were specifically associated with GGT1 and GGT2, using the substrate pairs glutamate (Glu):glyoxylate, Ala:glyoxylate, Glu:pyruvate, and Ala:2-oxoglutarate.	glyoxylic acid	140-150	gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	67-71
12529529-8	2003	Four aminotransferase activities were specifically associated with GGT1 and GGT2, using the substrate pairs glutamate (Glu):glyoxylate, Ala:glyoxylate, Glu:pyruvate, and Ala:2-oxoglutarate.	glyoxylic acid	140-150	gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-80
12112708-0	2002	Crystal structure of Escherichia coli EC1530, a glyoxylate induced protein YgbM.	glyoxylic acid	48-58	truncated hydroxypyruvate isomerase	Escherichia coli	75-79
11872727-3	2002	We show that methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, an R-specific crotonase, isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, and a GTPase are involved in glyoxylate regeneration.	glyoxylic acid	123-133	MEXAM1_RS11300	Methylobacterium extorquens AM1	13-37
12031901-7	2002	The detection of glyoxylic acid and CO(2)(-*) from Asp demonstrates the occurrence of competing beta-scission processes for the Asp C-3 alkoxyl radical.	glyoxylic acid	17-31	complement C3	Homo sapiens	132-135
12002439-2	2002	Glyoxylic acid histochemistry and immunohistochemical studies against dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DbetaH) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) indicated a reduction in the amount of catecholaminergic and AChE-positive neurons, fibers, and puncta detected in the cauda epididymis of adult rats (120 days old), when compared to immature (40 days) and young adult (60 days) animals.	glyoxylic acid	0-14	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
12002439-2	2002	Glyoxylic acid histochemistry and immunohistochemical studies against dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DbetaH) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) indicated a reduction in the amount of catecholaminergic and AChE-positive neurons, fibers, and puncta detected in the cauda epididymis of adult rats (120 days old), when compared to immature (40 days) and young adult (60 days) animals.	glyoxylic acid	0-14	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	198-202
11309139-7	2001	Purified, recombinant Arabidopsis AGT1 expressed in Escherichia coli catalyzed three transamination reactions using the following amino donor : acceptor combinations: alanine : glyoxylate, serine : glyoxylate, and serine : pyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	177-187	alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase	Arabidopsis thaliana	34-38
11692075-1	2001	The zeta class glutathione transferases (GSTs) are known to catalyse the isomerization of maleylacetoacetate (MAA) to fumarylacetoacetate (FAA), and the biotransformation of dichloroacetic acid to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	197-207	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
11699734-1	2001	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 is an autosomal recessive disorder of glyoxylate metabolism, caused by a deficiency of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase, which is encoded by a single copy gene (AGXT.	glyoxylic acid	67-77	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	116-151
11699734-1	2001	Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 is an autosomal recessive disorder of glyoxylate metabolism, caused by a deficiency of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase, which is encoded by a single copy gene (AGXT.	glyoxylic acid	67-77	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	193-197
11386857-3	2001	While this expression system is inducible by sugar depletion, we have found that the productivity of alpha(1)-antitrypsin increased 2.4- to 3.4-fold, compared with the control medium without carbon source, in medium containing an alternative carbon source, such as pyruvic acid and glyoxylic acid.	glyoxylic acid	282-296	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	101-121
11309139-7	2001	Purified, recombinant Arabidopsis AGT1 expressed in Escherichia coli catalyzed three transamination reactions using the following amino donor : acceptor combinations: alanine : glyoxylate, serine : glyoxylate, and serine : pyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	198-208	alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase	Arabidopsis thaliana	34-38
11309139-8	2001	AGT1 had the highest specific activity with the serine : glyoxylate transamination, and apparent Km measurements indicate that this is the preferred in vivo reaction.	glyoxylic acid	57-67	alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
11038056-3	2000	PEPCK was never present in barley leaves, despite the presence of large amounts of isocitrate lyase (ICL), a key enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle, and of its product, glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	127-137	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP)	Cucumis sativus	0-5
11384861-10	2001	An X-ray crystal structure of the GC-1-TRbeta LBD complex suggests that the oxoacetate does participate in a network of hydrogen bonding in the TR LBD polar pocket.	glyoxylic acid	76-86	apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor	Mus musculus	39-45
11097175-1	2000	Bifunctional peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) catalyzes the copper-, ascorbate-, and O2-dependent cleavage of C-terminal glycine-extended peptides, N-acylglycines, and the bile acid glycine conjugates to the corresponding amides and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	252-262	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	13-58
11097175-1	2000	Bifunctional peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) catalyzes the copper-, ascorbate-, and O2-dependent cleavage of C-terminal glycine-extended peptides, N-acylglycines, and the bile acid glycine conjugates to the corresponding amides and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	252-262	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	60-63
11024040-6	2001	It appears that the biochemical functions of the proteins encoded by Cat8p-dependent genes are essentially related to the first steps of ethanol utilization, the glyoxylate cycle, and gluconeogenesis.	glyoxylic acid	162-172	DNA-binding transcription factor CAT8	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-74
11368331-8	2000	In addition to the MAI activity, the AtGSTZ1-1 also catalyzed the glutathione-dependent dehalogenation of dichloroacetic acid to glyoxylic acid.	glyoxylic acid	129-143	glutathione S-transferase zeta 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	37-46
11156700-1	2000	Primary hyperoxaluria Type 1 (PH1) is caused by a functional deficiency of a liver enzyme, serine:pyruvate/alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (SPT/AGT), which catalyzes transamination between L-serine or l-alanine as an amino acid substrate and glyoxylate or pyruvate as an alpha-keto acid substrate.	glyoxylic acid	115-125	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	148-151
11330044-1	2000	Glyoxylate is an immediate precursor of oxalate, but in its metabolism the conversion into glycine catalyzed by serine:pyruvate/alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (SPT/AGT) appears to be the main route.	glyoxylic acid	0-10	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	165-168
11330044-1	2000	Glyoxylate is an immediate precursor of oxalate, but in its metabolism the conversion into glycine catalyzed by serine:pyruvate/alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (SPT/AGT) appears to be the main route.	glyoxylic acid	0-10	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	169-172
11330044-2	2000	When SPT/AGT is missing as in the case of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) more glyoxylate is used for the oxalate production, resulting in calcium oxalate urolithiasis and finally systemic oxalosis.	glyoxylic acid	82-92	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	5-8
11330044-2	2000	When SPT/AGT is missing as in the case of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) more glyoxylate is used for the oxalate production, resulting in calcium oxalate urolithiasis and finally systemic oxalosis.	glyoxylic acid	82-92	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	9-12
11330044-2	2000	When SPT/AGT is missing as in the case of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) more glyoxylate is used for the oxalate production, resulting in calcium oxalate urolithiasis and finally systemic oxalosis.	glyoxylic acid	82-92	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	72-75
11330044-4	2000	For herbivores, the peroxisomal localization of SPT/AGT is indispensable to avoid massive production of oxalate, probably because liver peroxisomes are the main site of glyoxylate production from glycolate, and plants contain glycolate much more than animal tissues.	glyoxylic acid	169-179	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	48-51
11330044-4	2000	For herbivores, the peroxisomal localization of SPT/AGT is indispensable to avoid massive production of oxalate, probably because liver peroxisomes are the main site of glyoxylate production from glycolate, and plants contain glycolate much more than animal tissues.	glyoxylic acid	169-179	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	52-55
11156700-8	2000	Therefore, peroxisomal localization of SPT/AGT may be indispensable for herbivores to convert the glyoxylate formed in peroxisomes into glycine in situ rather than forming oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	98-108	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	43-46
11156700-13	2000	It is therefore possible that both mitochondrial and peroxisomal SPT/AGT contribute to the metabolism of glyoxylate and serine, but the subcellular site for glyoxylate metabolism is different in herbivores and carnivores.	glyoxylic acid	105-115	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	69-72
10777549-9	2000	The presence of HAOX1 in liver and kidney peroxisomes and the ability of HAOX1 to oxidize glyoxylate to oxalate implicate HAOX1 as a mediator of PH1 pathophysiology.	glyoxylic acid	90-100	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	73-78
10777549-9	2000	The presence of HAOX1 in liver and kidney peroxisomes and the ability of HAOX1 to oxidize glyoxylate to oxalate implicate HAOX1 as a mediator of PH1 pathophysiology.	glyoxylic acid	90-100	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	73-78
10666288-1	2000	Bifunctional peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) catalyzes the copper-, ascorbate-, and O(2)-dependent cleavage of C-terminal glycine-extended peptides and N-acylglycines to the corresponding amides and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	219-229	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	60-63
10731695-2	2000	Glycolate was first converted to glyoxylate with glycolate oxidase, and the glyoxylate formed was condensed with phenylhydrazine.	glyoxylic acid	33-43	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	49-66
10731695-4	2000	Since glycolate oxidase also acts on glyoxylate and L-lactate, the incubation of samples with glycolate oxidase was carried out in 120-170 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.3) to obtain glyoxylate as its adduct with Tris.	glyoxylic acid	37-47	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	6-23
10731695-4	2000	Since glycolate oxidase also acts on glyoxylate and L-lactate, the incubation of samples with glycolate oxidase was carried out in 120-170 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.3) to obtain glyoxylate as its adduct with Tris.	glyoxylic acid	170-180	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	94-111
10490611-7	1999	We propose that in cells with compromised mitochondrial function, the RTG genes take control of the expression of genes leading to the synthesis of alpha-ketoglutarate to ensure that sufficient glutamate is available for biosynthetic processes and that increased flux of the glyoxylate cycle, via elevated CIT2 expression, provides a supply of metabolites entering the TCA cycle sufficient to support anabolic pathways.	glyoxylic acid	275-285	citrate (Si)-synthase CIT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	306-310
10484776-1	1999	Primary hyperoxaluria type II (PH2) is a rare monogenic disorder that is characterized by a lack of the enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of hydroxypyruvate to D-glycerate, the reduction of glyoxylate to glycolate and the oxidation of D-glycerate to hydroxypyruvate.	glyoxylic acid	192-202	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	31-34
10587442-1	1999	Genes CIT1 and CIT2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae encode mitochondrial and peroxisomal citrate synthases involved in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glyoxylate pathway, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	162-172	citrate (Si)-synthase CIT1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	6-10
10587442-1	1999	Genes CIT1 and CIT2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae encode mitochondrial and peroxisomal citrate synthases involved in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glyoxylate pathway, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	162-172	citrate (Si)-synthase CIT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	15-19
10377242-2	1999	C-terminal amidation entails sequential action by peptidylglycine mono-oxygenase (PAM, EC 1.14.17.3) and peptidylamidoglycolate lyase (PGL, EC 4.3.2.5), with the mono-oxygenase catalysing conversion of a glycine-extended pro-peptide into the corresponding alpha-hydroxyglycine derivative, which is then converted by the lyase into amidated peptide plus glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	353-363	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	82-85
10347152-7	1999	Because an important role in the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine has been assigned to peroxisomal SPT/AGT from the studies on primary hyperoxaluria type 1, these results suggest that SPT/AGT in this organelle plays dual roles in the metabolism of glyoxylate and serine.	glyoxylic acid	47-57	serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	102-105
10347152-7	1999	Because an important role in the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine has been assigned to peroxisomal SPT/AGT from the studies on primary hyperoxaluria type 1, these results suggest that SPT/AGT in this organelle plays dual roles in the metabolism of glyoxylate and serine.	glyoxylic acid	47-57	angiotensinogen	Oryctolagus cuniculus	106-109
10347152-7	1999	Because an important role in the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine has been assigned to peroxisomal SPT/AGT from the studies on primary hyperoxaluria type 1, these results suggest that SPT/AGT in this organelle plays dual roles in the metabolism of glyoxylate and serine.	glyoxylic acid	47-57	serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	187-190
10347152-7	1999	Because an important role in the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine has been assigned to peroxisomal SPT/AGT from the studies on primary hyperoxaluria type 1, these results suggest that SPT/AGT in this organelle plays dual roles in the metabolism of glyoxylate and serine.	glyoxylic acid	47-57	angiotensinogen	Oryctolagus cuniculus	191-194
10347152-7	1999	Because an important role in the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine has been assigned to peroxisomal SPT/AGT from the studies on primary hyperoxaluria type 1, these results suggest that SPT/AGT in this organelle plays dual roles in the metabolism of glyoxylate and serine.	glyoxylic acid	251-261	serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	102-105
10347152-7	1999	Because an important role in the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine has been assigned to peroxisomal SPT/AGT from the studies on primary hyperoxaluria type 1, these results suggest that SPT/AGT in this organelle plays dual roles in the metabolism of glyoxylate and serine.	glyoxylic acid	251-261	angiotensinogen	Oryctolagus cuniculus	106-109
10347152-7	1999	Because an important role in the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine has been assigned to peroxisomal SPT/AGT from the studies on primary hyperoxaluria type 1, these results suggest that SPT/AGT in this organelle plays dual roles in the metabolism of glyoxylate and serine.	glyoxylic acid	251-261	serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	187-190
10347152-7	1999	Because an important role in the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine has been assigned to peroxisomal SPT/AGT from the studies on primary hyperoxaluria type 1, these results suggest that SPT/AGT in this organelle plays dual roles in the metabolism of glyoxylate and serine.	glyoxylic acid	251-261	angiotensinogen	Oryctolagus cuniculus	191-194
9862424-1	1998	Key enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate lyase (ICL) and malate synthase (MS), have been detected in the liver of alloxan-treated rats.	glyoxylic acid	19-29	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Rattus norvegicus	64-79
10328823-2	1999	We have previously identified four genes, ACN8, ACN9, ACN17, and ACN18, whose mutant phenotype includes two- to fourfold elevated levels of enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle, gluconeogenesis, and acetyl-CoA metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	155-165	fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-46
10328823-2	1999	We have previously identified four genes, ACN8, ACN9, ACN17, and ACN18, whose mutant phenotype includes two- to fourfold elevated levels of enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle, gluconeogenesis, and acetyl-CoA metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	155-165	Sdh7p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-52
10328823-2	1999	We have previously identified four genes, ACN8, ACN9, ACN17, and ACN18, whose mutant phenotype includes two- to fourfold elevated levels of enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle, gluconeogenesis, and acetyl-CoA metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	155-165	succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein subunit SDH2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	54-59
10328823-2	1999	We have previously identified four genes, ACN8, ACN9, ACN17, and ACN18, whose mutant phenotype includes two- to fourfold elevated levels of enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle, gluconeogenesis, and acetyl-CoA metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	155-165	succinate dehydrogenase membrane anchor subunit SDH4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	65-70
9894915-4	1998	In this study we show that ACR1 is coregulated with the genes coding for the key enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis: ICL1, MLS1 and PCK1, FBP1 respectively.	glyoxylic acid	96-106	Arr1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	27-31
9894915-4	1998	In this study we show that ACR1 is coregulated with the genes coding for the key enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis: ICL1, MLS1 and PCK1, FBP1 respectively.	glyoxylic acid	96-106	isocitrate lyase 1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	134-138
9894915-4	1998	In this study we show that ACR1 is coregulated with the genes coding for the key enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis: ICL1, MLS1 and PCK1, FBP1 respectively.	glyoxylic acid	96-106	malate synthase MLS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	140-144
9894915-4	1998	In this study we show that ACR1 is coregulated with the genes coding for the key enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis: ICL1, MLS1 and PCK1, FBP1 respectively.	glyoxylic acid	96-106	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase PCK1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	149-153
9894915-4	1998	In this study we show that ACR1 is coregulated with the genes coding for the key enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis: ICL1, MLS1 and PCK1, FBP1 respectively.	glyoxylic acid	96-106	fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	155-159
9894915-7	1998	Our results, in conjunction with previous biochemical data, clearly identify Acr1p as an element which is directly involved in gluconeogenesis, functioning as the mitochondrial carrier which links the anaplerotic reactions of the glyoxylate cycle to the TCA cycle.	glyoxylic acid	230-240	Arr1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	77-82
10212311-6	1999	Despite the fact that the TH-null pups lack TH and have not been supplemented with catecholamine precursers, catecholamines are readily detected in our pigmented line of TH-null mice by glyoxylic acid-induced histofluorescence at postnatal day 7 (P7) and P15 and quantitatively at P15 in sympathetically innervated peripheral organs, in sympathetic ganglia, in adrenal glands, and in brains.	glyoxylic acid	186-200	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	26-28
10103055-9	1999	ACN9 gene expression was slightly repressed by glucose, and the level of the transcript was approximately 100-fold lower than that of glyoxylate or tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes.	glyoxylic acid	134-144	succinate dehydrogenase complex assembly factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
9211344-6	1997	In vitro glyoxylate inhibited VDR binding to the osteocalcin and osteopontin VDREs as assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and the inhibition was reversed when glyoxylate was preincubated with lysine.	glyoxylic acid	9-19	vitamin D receptor	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
9778795-10	1998	(iii) A specific element (CCWTTSRNCCG) for the glyoxylate cycle was present in seven genes studied: CIT2, ICL1, MLS1, MDH2, CAT2, ACR1 and ACH1.	glyoxylic acid	47-57	Arr1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	130-134
9463747-1	1998	The enzyme D-glycerate dehydrogenase (D-GDH; EC 1.1.1.29), which is also believed to have glyoxylate reductase (GR; EC 1.1.1.26/79) activity, plays a role in serine catabolism and glyoxylate metabolism and deficiency of this enzyme is believed to be the cause of primary hyperoxaluria type 2 (PH2).	glyoxylic acid	90-100	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	112-114
9540839-3	1997	In vitro experiments established that in a mild alkaline solution, hydroxypyruvate underwent auto-oxidation to form oxalate and H2O2 and also inhibited lactate dehydrogenase and glycolate oxidase from oxidising glyoxylate to oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	211-221	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	178-195
9804183-1	1998	A new glyoxylate dehydrogenase which catalyzes dehydrogenation of glyoxylate to oxalate in the presence of cytochrome c has been purified as an electrophoretically homogeneous protein from the cell-free extracts of a wood-destroying basidiomycete Tyromyces palustris.	glyoxylic acid	6-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	107-119
9804183-2	1998	The enzymatic reduction of cytochrome c was dependent on glyoxylate which was found to be the best substrate among the compounds tested.	glyoxylic acid	57-67	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	27-39
9609721-3	1998	These are substrates for the second enzyme activity, peptidylamidoglycolate lyase, which catalyzes their breakdown to the corresponding C-terminal amidated peptide and glyoxylate as final products.	glyoxylic acid	168-178	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	53-81
9211344-6	1997	In vitro glyoxylate inhibited VDR binding to the osteocalcin and osteopontin VDREs as assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and the inhibition was reversed when glyoxylate was preincubated with lysine.	glyoxylic acid	9-19	bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein	Rattus norvegicus	49-60
9211344-6	1997	In vitro glyoxylate inhibited VDR binding to the osteocalcin and osteopontin VDREs as assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and the inhibition was reversed when glyoxylate was preincubated with lysine.	glyoxylic acid	172-182	vitamin D receptor	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
9211344-6	1997	In vitro glyoxylate inhibited VDR binding to the osteocalcin and osteopontin VDREs as assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and the inhibition was reversed when glyoxylate was preincubated with lysine.	glyoxylic acid	172-182	bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein	Rattus norvegicus	49-60
9211344-10	1997	Taken together, our study suggests that glyoxylate could inhibit the interaction of VDR with VDREs and alter the biological action of calcitriol.	glyoxylic acid	40-50	vitamin D receptor	Rattus norvegicus	84-87
9144771-1	1997	A key step in plant photorespiration, the oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate, is carried out by the peroxisomal flavoprotein glycolate oxidase (EC 1.1.3.15).	glyoxylic acid	68-78	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	127-144
9032238-1	1997	The expression of some nuclear genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such as the CIT2 gene, which encodes a glyoxylate cycle isoform of citrate synthase, is responsive to the functional state of mitochondria.	glyoxylic acid	105-115	citrate (Si)-synthase CIT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-82
9061950-1	1997	Isocitrate lyase (IL) is an essential enzyme in the glyoxylate cycle, which is a pathway involved in the mobilization of stored lipids during postgerminative growth of oil-rich seedlings.	glyoxylic acid	52-62	isocitrate lyase	Brassica napus	0-16
9030564-2	1997	The monooxygenase, PAM, first catalyzes conversion of a glycine-extended pro-peptide to the corresponding alpha-hydroxyglycine derivative, and the lyase, PGL, then catalyzes breakdown of this alpha-hydroxyglycine derivative to the amidated peptide plus glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	253-263	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	19-22
9061950-1	1997	Isocitrate lyase (IL) is an essential enzyme in the glyoxylate cycle, which is a pathway involved in the mobilization of stored lipids during postgerminative growth of oil-rich seedlings.	glyoxylic acid	52-62	isocitrate lyase	Brassica napus	18-20
8878673-7	1996	Four genes encode enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis: ICL1, MLS1, MDH2, and PCK1.	glyoxylic acid	33-43	isocitrate lyase 1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	71-75
8840530-1	1996	The glyoxylate cycle, catalysed by two unique enzymes: isocitrate lyase (ICL; EC 4.1.3.1) and malate synthase (MS; EC 4.1.3.2), is necessary for the net conversion of acetate into glucose.	glyoxylic acid	4-14	citrate lyase beta like	Mus musculus	94-109
9011236-1	1996	Key enzymes of glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate lyase and malate synthase, are active in the fasting rat liver.	glyoxylic acid	15-25	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Rattus norvegicus	54-69
9011236-10	1996	Km of malate synthase for acetyl-CoA was 0.2 mM and Km for glyoxylate was 0.3 mM; optimal pH was 7.6.	glyoxylic acid	59-69	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Rattus norvegicus	6-21
8878673-7	1996	Four genes encode enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis: ICL1, MLS1, MDH2, and PCK1.	glyoxylic acid	33-43	malate synthase MLS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	77-81
8878673-7	1996	Four genes encode enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis: ICL1, MLS1, MDH2, and PCK1.	glyoxylic acid	33-43	malate dehydrogenase MDH2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	83-87
8878673-7	1996	Four genes encode enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis: ICL1, MLS1, MDH2, and PCK1.	glyoxylic acid	33-43	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase PCK1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	93-97
8747487-6	1995	Under these conditions AGT is completely inhibited and the contribution of GGT (and possibly other transaminases) to the L-alanine mediated transamination of glyoxylate can be measured directly.	glyoxylic acid	158-168	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	23-26
8691712-5	1996	Using renal tissues of rats having intraperitoneal glyoxylic acid-induced calculus, mode of the expression of osteopontin was examined by in situ hybridization method, immunohistological staining and northern blot method.	glyoxylic acid	51-65	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Rattus norvegicus	110-121
8704985-5	1996	Mutations in three genes, encoding the mutase, ADH and PCC, resulted in a phenotype characteristic of mutants unable to oxidize acetyl-CoA, i.e. they were C1-and C2-negative and their growth on these compounds was restored by the addition of glycolate or glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	255-265	MEXAM1_RS17955	Methylobacterium extorquens AM1	47-50
8543050-6	1995	The BPC1-1 mutation abolishes catabolite repression of a series of genes and allows expression of the enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle during growth in glucose.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	Mth1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-10
8543050-7	1995	A functional glyoxylate cycle is necessary for suppression as a disruption of gene ICL1 encoding isocitrate lyase abolished the phenotypic effect of BPC1-1 on growth in glucose-ammonium.	glyoxylic acid	13-23	isocitrate lyase 1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	83-87
8543050-7	1995	A functional glyoxylate cycle is necessary for suppression as a disruption of gene ICL1 encoding isocitrate lyase abolished the phenotypic effect of BPC1-1 on growth in glucose-ammonium.	glyoxylic acid	13-23	Mth1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	149-155
7503799-5	1995	The purified enzyme catalyzed the transamination of L-alanine (Ala) and glyoxylate (glyx) at pH 8.5 by a ping-pong mechanism with kinetic parameters of kcat = 17 sec-1, KL-Ala = 3.2 mM, and Kglyx = 0.3 mM, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	72-82	secretory blood group 1	Rattus norvegicus	162-167
7493955-2	1995	The monooxygenase, PAM, first catalyzes conversion of a glycine-extended pro-peptide to the corresponding alpha-hydroxyglycine derivative, and the lyase, PGL, then catalyzes breakdown of this alpha-hydroxyglycine derivative to the amidated peptide plus glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	253-263	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	19-22
7493955-2	1995	The monooxygenase, PAM, first catalyzes conversion of a glycine-extended pro-peptide to the corresponding alpha-hydroxyglycine derivative, and the lyase, PGL, then catalyzes breakdown of this alpha-hydroxyglycine derivative to the amidated peptide plus glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	253-263	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	154-157
7503799-5	1995	The purified enzyme catalyzed the transamination of L-alanine (Ala) and glyoxylate (glyx) at pH 8.5 by a ping-pong mechanism with kinetic parameters of kcat = 17 sec-1, KL-Ala = 3.2 mM, and Kglyx = 0.3 mM, respectively.	glyoxylic acid	84-88	secretory blood group 1	Rattus norvegicus	162-167
7673155-2	1995	However, unlike other yeast peroxisomal enzymes that function in the glyoxylate pathway, MDH3 was found to be refractory to catabolite inactivation, i.e. to rapid inactivation and degradation following glucose addition.	glyoxylic acid	69-79	malate dehydrogenase MDH3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	89-93
7628449-3	1995	In addition, mdh3-disrupted cells were unable to grow on oleate whereas growth on other non-fermentable carbon sources was normal, suggesting that MDH3 is involved in the reoxidation of NADH generated during fatty acid beta-oxidation rather than functioning as part of the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	273-283	malate dehydrogenase MDH3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
7629125-6	1995	Of the glyoxylate cycle genes tested, CIT2 is the only one that shows retrograde regulation, suggesting that CS2 may be an important control point for metabolic cross-feeding from the glyoxylate cycle to mitochondria.	glyoxylic acid	7-17	citrate (Si)-synthase CIT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	38-42
7628449-3	1995	In addition, mdh3-disrupted cells were unable to grow on oleate whereas growth on other non-fermentable carbon sources was normal, suggesting that MDH3 is involved in the reoxidation of NADH generated during fatty acid beta-oxidation rather than functioning as part of the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	273-283	malate dehydrogenase MDH3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	147-151
7521300-0	1994	A specific association between the glyoxylic-acid-cycle enzymes isocitrate lyase and malate synthase.	glyoxylic acid	35-49	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Homo sapiens	85-100
7763134-6	1995	Everted membrane vesicles catalyzed hydrogen-dependent glyoxylate reduction to glycolate [86-207 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1] coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP and Pi [38-82 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1)].	glyoxylic acid	55-65	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	102-122
7763134-6	1995	Everted membrane vesicles catalyzed hydrogen-dependent glyoxylate reduction to glycolate [86-207 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1] coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP and Pi [38-82 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1)].	glyoxylic acid	55-65	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	177-197
7571189-3	1995	In the present study, we investigated the expression of OPN mRNA in the rat kidney in an experimental model of renal stone formation using glyoxylic acid and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (D3).	glyoxylic acid	139-153	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
7735136-2	1995	In the renal stone formation model administrated glyoxylic acid and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, pyelonephritis model and hydronephrosis model the expression of OPN mRNA in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney was enhanced compared with the control which was sporadically positive utilizing in situ hybridization and northern blot analysis.	glyoxylic acid	49-63	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Rattus norvegicus	158-161
7521300-9	1994	In this study we use the aforementioned technique to investigate the association between two plant glyoxylic acid cycle enzymes, i.e. isocitrate lyase and malate synthase.	glyoxylic acid	99-113	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Homo sapiens	155-170
8507692-6	1993	AGT cannot fulfil its proper metabolic role in human liver (ie glyoxylate detoxification) when located in the mitochondria.	glyoxylic acid	63-73	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	0-3
8000856-0	1994	Glyoxylic acid production using immobilized glycolate oxidase and catalase.	glyoxylic acid	0-14	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	44-61
8000856-0	1994	Glyoxylic acid production using immobilized glycolate oxidase and catalase.	glyoxylic acid	0-14	catalase	Homo sapiens	66-74
8000856-1	1994	A variety of methods for the immobilization of glycolate oxidase have been examined for the preparation of a catalyst for the oxidation of glycolic acid to glyoxylic acid.	glyoxylic acid	156-170	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	47-64
8395815-7	1993	The operation of the full glyoxylate cycle in isolated glyoxysomes requires the presence of aconitase in the incubation medium.	glyoxylic acid	26-36	aconitate hydratase, cytoplasmic	Solanum tuberosum	92-101
8395815-8	1993	It is concluded that glyoxysomes are probably devoid of aconitase and that the glyoxylate cycle requires a detour via the cytosol, which contains a powerful aconitase activity.	glyoxylic acid	79-89	aconitate hydratase, cytoplasmic	Solanum tuberosum	157-166
8104917-5	1993	These findings support the suggestion that the physiological substrate for D-amino acid oxidase may be D,L-thiazolidine-2-carboxylic acid, the adduct of cysteamine and glyoxylic acid.	glyoxylic acid	168-182	D-amino-acid oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	75-95
1637186-1	1992	A purification scheme is described for the glyoxylate cycle enzyme isocitrate lyase from maize scutella.	glyoxylic acid	43-53	lyase	Zea mays	78-83
1447211-7	1992	Disruption of the chromosomal MDH3 locus produced a reduction in cellular growth rates on acetate, consistent with the presumed function of this isozyme in the glyoxylate pathway of yeast.	glyoxylic acid	160-170	malate dehydrogenase MDH3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	30-34
16668905-7	1992	It is suggested that during this early phase of seed germination PEPC has a critical function to build up cellular dicarboxylic acid pools required to initiate significant activities of both the tricarboxylic acid and glyoxylate cycles.	glyoxylic acid	218-228	MLO-like protein 4	Zea mays	65-69
2223823-5	1990	Among the three enzymes known to catalyze the oxidation of glyoxylate to oxalate, glycolate oxidase and XOD showed much lower activities (a higher Km and lower Vmax) toward glyoxylate than those with the respective primary substrates.	glyoxylic acid	59-69	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	82-99
2059626-4	1991	The monooxygenase first catalyzes formation of the alpha-hydroxyglycine derivative of the glycine-extended precursor, and the lyase subsequently catalyzes breakdown of the PAM product to the amidated peptide and glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	212-222	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	172-175
2226430-6	1990	For incubations with [2-13C]acetate, we calculated that the ratio of the relative flux through the glyoxylate shunt versus oxidative reactions is 58% in wild-type cells and 44% in the cls11 mutant cells.	glyoxylic acid	99-109	H(+)-transporting V1 sector ATPase subunit H	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	184-189
1349449-9	1992	A new gene (GPR1 = glyoxylate pathway regulation) was detected in which trans-dominant mutations inhibit expression of ACS and the glyoxylate cycle on acetate as carbon source.	glyoxylic acid	19-29	Gpr1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	12-16
1349449-9	1992	A new gene (GPR1 = glyoxylate pathway regulation) was detected in which trans-dominant mutations inhibit expression of ACS and the glyoxylate cycle on acetate as carbon source.	glyoxylic acid	131-141	Gpr1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	12-16
2223823-5	1990	Among the three enzymes known to catalyze the oxidation of glyoxylate to oxalate, glycolate oxidase and XOD showed much lower activities (a higher Km and lower Vmax) toward glyoxylate than those with the respective primary substrates.	glyoxylic acid	173-183	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	82-99
34837989-1	2021	BACKGROUND: Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disease caused by disturbed glyoxylate metabolism.	glyoxylic acid	107-117	phenylalanine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	35-37
16667783-5	1990	Apparent K(m) values of HPR-2 for hydroxypyruvate and glyoxylate were 0.7 and 1.1 millimolar, respectively, while the K(m) of GR-1 for glyoxylate was 0.07 millimolar.	glyoxylic acid	135-145	GR1	Hordeum vulgare	126-130
2372538-4	1990	All these new activities display the characteristics expected for the normal PAM-catalyzed reductive oxygenation pathway and produce an equimolar amount of glyoxylate together with the heteroatom-containing dealkylation products.	glyoxylic acid	156-166	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	77-80
2372538-8	1990	Finally, we introduce several small non-peptide substrates for PAM by demonstrating that PAM catalyzes the transformation of hippuric acid and several ring-substituted derivatives to the corresponding benzamides and glyoxylic acid, with the most facile substrate of this class being 4-nitrohippuric acid.	glyoxylic acid	216-230	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	63-66
2372538-8	1990	Finally, we introduce several small non-peptide substrates for PAM by demonstrating that PAM catalyzes the transformation of hippuric acid and several ring-substituted derivatives to the corresponding benzamides and glyoxylic acid, with the most facile substrate of this class being 4-nitrohippuric acid.	glyoxylic acid	216-230	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	89-92
16667281-9	1990	The higher catalase activity in the mutant may decrease the nonenzymatic peroxidation of keto-acids such as hydroxypyruvate and glyoxylate by photorespiratory H(2)O(2).	glyoxylic acid	128-138	catalase isozyme 1	Nicotiana tabacum	11-19
34938320-15	2021	Throughout kidney stone development, kidney tubular injury, crystal deposition, collagen fiber deposition, TGF-beta expression, infiltration of M1 macrophages, and activation of mast cells were more frequent in glyoxylate-induced hyperoxaluric mice compared with control mice.	glyoxylic acid	211-221	transforming growth factor alpha	Mus musculus	107-115
34418130-12	2021	Meanwhile, compared with strain Engi-3, the spt15-3 mutation down-regulated the expression of genes involved in the TCA cycle and glyoxylic acid cycle, but increased the expression of genes related to cell stability.	glyoxylic acid	130-144	TATA-binding protein	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	44-49
2181273-10	1990	We conclude that citrate synthase encoded by CIT2 is peroxisomal and participates in the glyoxylate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	89-99	citrate (Si)-synthase CIT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	45-49
2318357-12	1990	Inhibition of transketolase by DCA in vivo was not due to a direct action on the enzyme, however, since DCA, glyoxylate, or oxalate had no appreciable effects on transketolase activity in vitro.	glyoxylic acid	109-119	transketolase	Rattus norvegicus	14-27
34977450-4	2021	We hypothesize that catalase in the peroxisome also protects against nonenzymatic decarboxylations between hydrogen peroxide and photorespiratory intermediates (glyoxylate and/or hydroxypyruvate).	glyoxylic acid	161-171	catalase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	20-28
34289161-9	2021	Moreover, the GRHPR metabolites glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate inhibited the enzymatic activity of DDO.	glyoxylic acid	32-42	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	14-19
34289161-9	2021	Moreover, the GRHPR metabolites glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate inhibited the enzymatic activity of DDO.	glyoxylic acid	32-42	D-aspartate oxidase	Homo sapiens	99-102
34745175-8	2021	Nevertheless, only pyruvate and glyoxylate can fully activate Arabidopsis AOX.	glyoxylic acid	32-42	alternative oxidase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	74-77
34512861-7	2021	The XIST, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1beta levels were notably increased in kidney samples from glyoxylate-induced CaOx stone model mice.	glyoxylic acid	94-104	inactive X specific transcripts	Mus musculus	4-8
34675921-0	2021	Short Chain Fatty Acids Prevent Glyoxylate-Induced Calcium Oxalate Stones by GPR43-Dependent Immunomodulatory Mechanism.	glyoxylic acid	32-42	free fatty acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	77-82
34512861-7	2021	The XIST, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1beta levels were notably increased in kidney samples from glyoxylate-induced CaOx stone model mice.	glyoxylic acid	94-104	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	10-15
34512861-7	2021	The XIST, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1beta levels were notably increased in kidney samples from glyoxylate-induced CaOx stone model mice.	glyoxylic acid	94-104	caspase 1	Mus musculus	17-26
34512861-7	2021	The XIST, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1beta levels were notably increased in kidney samples from glyoxylate-induced CaOx stone model mice.	glyoxylic acid	94-104	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	32-40
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	64-74	Sfc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	128-132
34433051-3	2021	Downregulation and hypermethylation of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (Agxt), which detoxifies glyoxylate, preventing excessive oxalate accumulation, is accompanied by increased oxalate formation after metabolism of the precursor hydroxyproline.	glyoxylic acid	100-110	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	39-74
34433051-3	2021	Downregulation and hypermethylation of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (Agxt), which detoxifies glyoxylate, preventing excessive oxalate accumulation, is accompanied by increased oxalate formation after metabolism of the precursor hydroxyproline.	glyoxylic acid	100-110	alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase	Mus musculus	76-80
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	249-259	pyruvate transporter MPC1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	156-160
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	64-74	Yhm2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	134-138
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	249-259	Sfc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	202-206
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	64-74	Ctp1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	140-144
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	64-74	Dic1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	146-150
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	64-74	pyruvate transporter MPC1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	156-160
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	64-74	Sfc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	202-206
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	64-74	Yhm2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	292-296
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	249-259	Sfc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	128-132
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	249-259	Yhm2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	134-138
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	249-259	Ctp1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	140-144
34320205-3	2021	To understand the interconnection between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate pathway, mitochondrial membrane transporter proteins SFC1, YHM2, CTP1, DIC1, and MPC1 were knocked out and results showed that SFC1 functions as an important entrance of the glyoxylate pathway into the TCA cycle, and YHM2 is helpful to IA production but not the primary pathway for citric acid supply.	glyoxylic acid	249-259	Dic1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	146-150
35601556-3	2022	Oxidation of glycolate by glycolate oxidase (or hydroxy acid oxidase 1, HAO1) is a major cellular source of glyoxylate, and siRNA studies have shown phenotypic rescue of PH1 by the knockdown of HAO1, representing a promising inhibitor target.	glyoxylic acid	108-118	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	26-43
35592619-2	2022	It is caused by a deficiency in the liver-specific enzyme, alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a pyridoxal-5"-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme involved in the metabolism of glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	180-190	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	59-94
35592619-2	2022	It is caused by a deficiency in the liver-specific enzyme, alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a pyridoxal-5"-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme involved in the metabolism of glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	180-190	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	96-99
35601556-1	2022	Primary hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) is caused by AGXT gene mutations that decrease the functional activity of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	30-33
35601556-3	2022	Oxidation of glycolate by glycolate oxidase (or hydroxy acid oxidase 1, HAO1) is a major cellular source of glyoxylate, and siRNA studies have shown phenotypic rescue of PH1 by the knockdown of HAO1, representing a promising inhibitor target.	glyoxylic acid	108-118	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	48-70
35601556-1	2022	Primary hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) is caused by AGXT gene mutations that decrease the functional activity of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase.	glyoxylic acid	117-127	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	48-52
35601556-3	2022	Oxidation of glycolate by glycolate oxidase (or hydroxy acid oxidase 1, HAO1) is a major cellular source of glyoxylate, and siRNA studies have shown phenotypic rescue of PH1 by the knockdown of HAO1, representing a promising inhibitor target.	glyoxylic acid	108-118	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
35214859-2	2022	GLV are mainly 6-carbon molecules derived from fatty acids through the hydroperoxide lyase pathway and can serve as airborne signals to other parts of the same plant and to neighboring plants and help to protect them against biotic and abiotic stresses.	glyoxylic acid	0-3	lyase	Zea mays	85-90
35413837-14	2022	CONCLUSIONS: A high GLV dietary intervention increased serum zonulin levels and had no effect on fecal zonulin.	glyoxylic acid	20-23	haptoglobin	Homo sapiens	61-68
35218550-1	2022	BACKGROUND: Primary hyperoxalurias (PHs) are rare autosomal recessive diseases of the glyoxylate metabolism; PH1 is caused by mutations in the AGXT gene, PH2 in GRHPR and PH3 in HOGA1.	glyoxylic acid	86-96	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	154-157
2592999-7	1989	Both glyoxylic acid histofluorescence and 5-HT immunofluorescence indicate that the CB1 neurons are serotonergic.	glyoxylic acid	5-19	cannabinoid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
2775312-7	1989	In whole animals, inhibition of pyruvate carboxylase may contribute to benzoate toxicity and the adverse influence of glyoxylate on benzoate therapy.	glyoxylic acid	118-128	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	32-52
16667010-3	1989	The HPRs had similar low K(m)s for hydroxypyruvate (about 0.1 millimolar), regardless of cofactor, while affinities of glyoxylate reductase (GR) reactions for glyoxylate varied widely (K(m)s of 0.4-12 millimolar) depending on cofactor.	glyoxylic acid	119-129	glyoxylate reductase	Zea mays	141-143
3410636-2	1988	The alpha-amino group of ovine prolactin (oPRL) and human growth hormone (hGH) was selectively modified by transamination with glyoxylic acid.	glyoxylic acid	127-141	prolactin	Homo sapiens	31-40
2553083-2	1989	Biochemical analyses showed the presence of the two unique glyoxylate cycle enzymes isocitrate lyase and malate synthase in cartilage.	glyoxylic acid	59-69	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Rattus norvegicus	105-120
2917691-3	1989	These spectra are consistent with enzyme assays for isocitrate dehydrogenase and isocitrate lyase, indicating that high activity of the glyoxylate pathway during embryonic development decreases during the first larval (L1) stage, and respiration during the L2, L3, and L4 stages occurs preferentially through the TCA cycle.	glyoxylic acid	136-146	Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]	Caenorhabditis elegans	52-76
3410636-2	1988	The alpha-amino group of ovine prolactin (oPRL) and human growth hormone (hGH) was selectively modified by transamination with glyoxylic acid.	glyoxylic acid	127-141	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	58-72
3426523-1	1987	Right atrial biopsies from rat and human hearts were studied using combined methods for the demonstration of glyoxylic acid-induced fluorescence (GIF) of catecholamines and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactions in the same specimens.	glyoxylic acid	109-123	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	195-199
16665778-0	1987	beta-Oxidation and Glyoxylate Cycle Coupled to NADH: Cytochrome c and Ferricyanide Reductases in Glyoxysomes.	glyoxylic acid	19-29	cytochrome c	Ricinus communis	53-65
16664240-5	1985	Under low oxygen (1.8%), or in the presence of alpha-hydroxy-2-pyridine methanesulfonic acid (an inhibitor of glycolate oxidase, a step in the photorespiratory formation of glyoxylate), there was a substantial (60-80%) decrease in transfer of label to glycine, serine, ammonia, and glutamine.	glyoxylic acid	173-183	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	110-127
3106357-7	1987	The case of malate dehydrogenase is unique because the reactive malate analogue, -O2C-O-CHOH-CO-2, arises from nucleophilic attack of HCO-3 on the carbonyl of glyoxylate, rather than electrophilic attack of CO2 on the hydrated carbonyl of glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	159-169	malic enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	12-32
3106357-7	1987	The case of malate dehydrogenase is unique because the reactive malate analogue, -O2C-O-CHOH-CO-2, arises from nucleophilic attack of HCO-3 on the carbonyl of glyoxylate, rather than electrophilic attack of CO2 on the hydrated carbonyl of glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	239-249	malic enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	12-32
3521736-6	1986	The midpoint potential of glycolate oxidase is more positive than that of the glyoxalate/glycolate couple, and two-electron reduction of glycolate oxidase is thermodynamically favorable.	glyoxylic acid	78-88	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	26-43
3521736-6	1986	The midpoint potential of glycolate oxidase is more positive than that of the glyoxalate/glycolate couple, and two-electron reduction of glycolate oxidase is thermodynamically favorable.	glyoxylic acid	78-88	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	137-154
3701032-0	1986	Cytochemical localization of malate synthase in amphibian fat body adipocytes: possible glyoxylate cycle in a vertebrate.	glyoxylic acid	88-98	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Homo sapiens	29-44
3701032-5	1986	Toad adipocytes may represent yet another example of vertebrate peroxisomes which contain one of the marker enzymes (malate synthase) characteristic of the glyoxylate shunt.	glyoxylic acid	156-166	citramalyl-CoA lyase	Homo sapiens	117-132
3905724-4	1985	The intensity of the staining reaction was considerably lower than in non-pineal noradrenergic nerve fibres and the impression was gained by comparison of DBH-LI specimens with glyoxylic acid-treated sections that only approximately one third of the NA-containing intrapineal nerve fibres exhibited DBH-LI.	glyoxylic acid	177-191	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	299-302
3918541-11	1985	Also, only sensitive cells appear to compensate for L-asparaginase-induced loss of glycine formation from glyoxylate by increasing glycine synthesis from serine.	glyoxylic acid	106-116	asparaginase like 1	Mus musculus	52-66
6703688-2	1984	Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) in the liver catalyzes most of the glyoxylate transamination in mammalian tissues (E. V. Rowsell, K. Snell, J.	glyoxylic acid	8-18	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	37-40
6462326-5	1984	In rat retina the activities of OAT with glyoxalate, beta-hydroxypyruvate, pyruvate, and oxaloacetate were 51, 44, 30, and 30% of that of 2-oxoglutarate respectively.	glyoxylic acid	41-51	ornithine aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
6499469-1	1984	Ethylene glycol, a major constituent of antifreeze, is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase to glycoaldehyde, glycolate, glyoxylate, and oxalate.	glyoxylic acid	121-131	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	70-91
6148211-8	1984	In the rat, oxoacetic acid, the major urinary metabolite, was formed by opening of the benzothiazine ring followed by hydrolytic cleavage of the C-3 to N-2 bond.	glyoxylic acid	12-26	complement C3	Rattus norvegicus	145-148
6630519-3	1983	To investigate the mechanism of its cholesterol-lowering action, we studied the effects of DCA and its hepatic metabolites, glyoxylate and oxalate, on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG CoA reductase) obtained from livers of healthy, reverse light-cycled rats.	glyoxylic acid	124-134	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Rattus norvegicus	167-233
6462665-2	1984	Glyoxylic acid reacted with ammonia to form N-oxalylglycine, which gave glycine in a 5-39% yield after hydrolysis with 6N HC1.	glyoxylic acid	0-14	CYCS pseudogene 39	Homo sapiens	122-125
7074051-1	1982	Trichloroethylene (TCE) was metabolized by cytochrome P-450 containing mixed-function oxidase systems to chloral (2,2,2,-trichloroacetaldehyde), glyoxylic acid, formic acid, CO, and TCE oxide.	glyoxylic acid	145-159	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	43-59
16662922-4	1983	This level of glyoxylate oxidation activity was higher than that previously found for glycolate oxidase (EC 1.1.3.1).	glyoxylic acid	14-24	peroxisomal (S)-2-hydroxy-acid oxidase-like	Nicotiana tabacum	86-103
737670-0	1978	Simultaneous and consecutive histochemical demonstration of glyoxylic acid-induced fluorescence of catecholamines and cholinesterase reactions.	glyoxylic acid	60-74	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	118-132
6120164-0	1982	Thiazolidine-2-carboxylic acid, an adduct of cysteamine and glyoxylate, as a substrate for D-amino acid oxidase.	glyoxylic acid	60-70	D-amino acid oxidase	Homo sapiens	91-111
7057422-6	1982	Reductive alkylation of THF with glyoxylic acid and 5-hydroxypentanal, respectively, gave 5-(HO2CCH2)-THF (24) and 5-[HO(CH2)5]-THF (25).	glyoxylic acid	33-47	thin fur	Mus musculus	24-27
7057422-6	1982	Reductive alkylation of THF with glyoxylic acid and 5-hydroxypentanal, respectively, gave 5-(HO2CCH2)-THF (24) and 5-[HO(CH2)5]-THF (25).	glyoxylic acid	33-47	thin fur	Mus musculus	102-105
7057422-6	1982	Reductive alkylation of THF with glyoxylic acid and 5-hydroxypentanal, respectively, gave 5-(HO2CCH2)-THF (24) and 5-[HO(CH2)5]-THF (25).	glyoxylic acid	33-47	thin fur	Mus musculus	102-105
7460950-0	1980	A deficiency of citrate synthase results in constitutive expression of the glyoxylate pathway in Arthrobacter pyridinolis.	glyoxylic acid	75-85	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	16-32
231893-1	1979	The ACTH/MSH cells of the pars distalis and pars intermedia of the mammalian hypophysis contain peptides with amino-terminal tryptophan which exhibit a strong fluorescence after treatment with modified formaldehyde vapour methods and with glyoxylic acid in the tissue sections from freeze-dried specimens.	glyoxylic acid	239-253	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	4-8
231893-1	1979	The ACTH/MSH cells of the pars distalis and pars intermedia of the mammalian hypophysis contain peptides with amino-terminal tryptophan which exhibit a strong fluorescence after treatment with modified formaldehyde vapour methods and with glyoxylic acid in the tissue sections from freeze-dried specimens.	glyoxylic acid	239-253	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	9-12
24276825-5	1981	Since the decarboxylation of both substrates was greatly in creased by the catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, and abolished by bovine liver catalase, it was attributed to the nonenzymic attack of H2O2, generated in glycollate oxidation, upon glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate respectively.	glyoxylic acid	251-261	catalase	Bos taurus	75-83
24276825-5	1981	Since the decarboxylation of both substrates was greatly in creased by the catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, and abolished by bovine liver catalase, it was attributed to the nonenzymic attack of H2O2, generated in glycollate oxidation, upon glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate respectively.	glyoxylic acid	251-261	catalase	Bos taurus	149-157
6894547-8	1981	Decarboxylation of alpha-keto[1-14C]glutarate by the resolved alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase component was investigated in the presence of 5.0 mM glyoxylate which served as an efficient acceptor.	glyoxylic acid	149-159	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	62-95
7020323-2	1981	In the thoracic ganglion, a minor population of small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells, identified by glyoxylic-acid-induced fluorescence, exhibited positive indirect immunofluorescence after incubation with antibody to dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH).	glyoxylic acid	103-117	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	221-246
4690959-8	1973	This suggests that the inhibition of the growth of mutant PC2 is due to a block in the functioning of the glyoxylate cycle, produced by the glucose or lactate supplement.	glyoxylic acid	106-116	polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel	Homo sapiens	58-61
932041-4	1976	The labeled glycine was incubated with D-amino acid oxidase, an enzyme which, in the catalysis of the conversion of glycine to glyoxylic acid, specifically removes the hydrogen in the S configuration at carbon atom 2 of glycine.	glyoxylic acid	127-141	D-amino-acid oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	39-59
18195-2	1977	Oxalacetate and glyoxylate are each weak inhibitors of NADP+-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase (threo-DS-isocitrate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating), EC 1.1.1.42)9 Together, however, they act in a concerted manner and strongly inhibit the enzyme.	glyoxylic acid	16-26	hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 6	Homo sapiens	122-136
413324-11	1977	Using the glyoxylic acid method to demonstrate biogenic amines we could find serotonine in following areas of the brain stem: 1. region B 7 (Ncl.	glyoxylic acid	10-24	nucleolin	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
7319-2	1976	Sarcosine was oxidized by D-amino-acid oxidase (D-amino-acid: O2 oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.3.3) to yield methylamine and glyoxylic acid.	glyoxylic acid	132-146	D-amino acid oxidase	Homo sapiens	26-46
16659236-2	1975	Hale), the changes of activity of catalase, uricase, and alpha-hydroxyacid oxidase of the endosperm follow a rise and fall pattern with a peak between day 4 and 5 similar to that observed for the glyoxylate cycle enzymes.	glyoxylic acid	196-206	catalase isozyme 1-like	Ricinus communis	34-42
16657934-5	1972	Hydroxypyruvate reductase (NAD-linked) is present in the glyoxysomes, and at very high substrate concentrations (>10 mm) this enzyme can also transfer electrons from NADH to glyoxylate.	glyoxylic acid	177-187	glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase	Homo sapiens	0-25
5085544-6	1972	Evidence is presented that hydroxypyruvate reductase is involved in the oxidation of glycollate to glyoxylate during growth on ethanol.	glyoxylic acid	99-109	MEXAM1_RS25950	Methylobacterium extorquens AM1	27-52
6049883-0	1967	Inhibition of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase by glyoxylate and its condensation compounds.	glyoxylic acid	44-54	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	14-40
5820638-12	1969	The behaviour of glyoxylate in producing multiple inhibitions of the citric acid cycle, either by direct interaction with oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, or by means of its condensation compounds which inhibit aconitate hydratase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, is discussed.	glyoxylic acid	17-27	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	122-148
16657820-3	1971	Thereafter, these activities decrease rapidly as the cotyledons expand and become photosynthetic, and the activity of glycolate oxidase rises to a peak (day 7); concomitantly the microbodies (peroxisomes) become preferentially associated with chloroplasts.In seedlings grown in the dark for 10 days, the reserve lipid and the glyoxylate cycle enzyme activities persist for a longer time than in the light; correlated with this, there is a continued association of the microbodies with the lipid bodies.	glyoxylic acid	326-336	(S)-2-hydroxy-acid oxidase GLO1	Cucumis sativus	118-135
5820638-7	1969	Glyoxylate (0.025mm) inhibited oxoglutarate dehydrogenase irreversibly, whereas the same concentrations of oxalomalate and hydroxyoxoglutarate were ineffective.	glyoxylic acid	0-10	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	31-57
16657053-11	1969	In the peroxisomes, glycolate is oxidized with O(2) uptake to glyoxylate by glycolate oxidase, and the glyoxylate is converted to glycine by glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase.	glyoxylic acid	62-72	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	76-93
33744860-3	2021	Ether lipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were differentially enriched between the Rb1 and model groups.	glyoxylic acid	53-63	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Mus musculus	134-137
13791896-0	1959	[Effect of glyoxylic acid and oxalacetic acid on fumarase].	glyoxylic acid	11-25	fumarate hydratase	Homo sapiens	49-57
33948853-1	2021	Primary hyperoxaluria type-III is a disorder of glyoxylate metabolism, caused by pathogenic variants in the HOGA1 gene.	glyoxylic acid	48-58	4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase 1	Homo sapiens	108-113
16742506-16	1967	C-2 of glyoxylate and C-5 of 2-oxoglutarate do not appear as carbon dioxide.	glyoxylic acid	7-17	complement C2	Sus scrofa	0-3
14346090-2	1965	Pseudomonas cytochrome c-551 was modified by treatment at 20 degrees with glyoxylate in the presence of pyridine and cupric sulphate.	glyoxylic acid	74-84	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	12-24
33797855-0	2021	Genetic interaction between glyoxylate pathway regulator UCC1 and La-motif-encoding SRO9 regulates stress response and growth rate improvement in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	glyoxylic acid	28-38	Ucc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-61
33797855-0	2021	Genetic interaction between glyoxylate pathway regulator UCC1 and La-motif-encoding SRO9 regulates stress response and growth rate improvement in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	glyoxylic acid	28-38	Sro9p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	84-88
33797855-2	2021	Ucc1p of S. cerevisiae inhibits activation of the glyoxylate pathway by targeting Cit2p, a key glyoxylate enzyme for ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation when glucose is available as a carbon source.	glyoxylic acid	50-60	citrate (Si)-synthase CIT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	82-87
33797855-2	2021	Ucc1p of S. cerevisiae inhibits activation of the glyoxylate pathway by targeting Cit2p, a key glyoxylate enzyme for ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation when glucose is available as a carbon source.	glyoxylic acid	50-60	ubiquitin	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	117-126
33553115-8	2020	The prevented anaplerotic carboxylation activity of PEPCx and PCx was found in the evolved strain to be compensated by an up-regulation of the glyoxylate shunt, potentially in combination with the 2-methylcitrate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	143-153	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase	Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032	52-57
33546743-7	2021	Through integrated data analysis, we obtained five significant p53-dependent metabolic pathways including phenylalanine, glyoxylate, dicarboxylate, and linoleic acid metabolism, and the citrate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	121-131	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	63-66
33912759-2	2021	LDHA inhibition of glyoxylate-to-oxalate conversion by RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a potential therapeutic option for all types of PH.	glyoxylic acid	19-29	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	0-4
33553115-8	2020	The prevented anaplerotic carboxylation activity of PEPCx and PCx was found in the evolved strain to be compensated by an up-regulation of the glyoxylate shunt, potentially in combination with the 2-methylcitrate cycle.	glyoxylic acid	143-153	pyruvate carboxylase	Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032	54-57