PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
2426426-1	1986	The sodium channel blockers tetrodotoxin (TTX) and saxitoxin (STX) and the channel activator batrachotoxin (BTX) produce their effects by binding to separate and distinct sites on the channel protein.	Saxitoxin	51-60	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Mus musculus	62-65
2789441-3	1989	The binding of HD11 to T-2 conjugated to bovine serum albumin was inhibited by free T-2 toxin but not by the water-soluble heterocyclic guanidines saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin.	Saxitoxin	147-156	histone deacetylase 11	Homo sapiens	15-19
2789441-3	1989	The binding of HD11 to T-2 conjugated to bovine serum albumin was inhibited by free T-2 toxin but not by the water-soluble heterocyclic guanidines saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin.	Saxitoxin	147-156	solute carrier family 25 member 5	Homo sapiens	23-26
2471969-2	1989	After injection of streptozotocin (STX 75 mg/kg) in normal Sprague-Dawley rats, the activity of lipase and colipase in pancreatic acinar tissue was increased by approximately 100%, the increase in colipase occurring 3 days later than that of lipase.	Saxitoxin	35-38	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	96-102
2471969-2	1989	After injection of streptozotocin (STX 75 mg/kg) in normal Sprague-Dawley rats, the activity of lipase and colipase in pancreatic acinar tissue was increased by approximately 100%, the increase in colipase occurring 3 days later than that of lipase.	Saxitoxin	35-38	colipase	Rattus norvegicus	107-115
2471969-2	1989	After injection of streptozotocin (STX 75 mg/kg) in normal Sprague-Dawley rats, the activity of lipase and colipase in pancreatic acinar tissue was increased by approximately 100%, the increase in colipase occurring 3 days later than that of lipase.	Saxitoxin	35-38	colipase	Rattus norvegicus	197-205
2471969-2	1989	After injection of streptozotocin (STX 75 mg/kg) in normal Sprague-Dawley rats, the activity of lipase and colipase in pancreatic acinar tissue was increased by approximately 100%, the increase in colipase occurring 3 days later than that of lipase.	Saxitoxin	35-38	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	109-115
3980403-2	1985	Antibodies against STX were demonstrated in rabbits 5 weeks after immunizing with STX-bovine serum albumin (STX-HCHO-BSA).	Saxitoxin	19-22	albumin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	93-106
2420952-0	1986	The tip-E mutation of Drosophila decreases saxitoxin binding and interacts with other mutations affecting nerve membrane excitability.	Saxitoxin	43-52	temperature-induced paralytic E	Drosophila melanogaster	4-9
3980403-2	1985	Antibodies against STX were demonstrated in rabbits 5 weeks after immunizing with STX-bovine serum albumin (STX-HCHO-BSA).	Saxitoxin	82-85	albumin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	93-106
7357210-5	1980	In addition, onset of and recovery from neural silence occurred faster following intra-arterial injection of STX.6 Depressant effects on arterial blood pressure coincided with those on respiration when STX was given intra-arterially.7 An electrophysiological assay on frog sartorius muscle was used to measure STX in the cerebrospinal fluid.	Saxitoxin	202-205	syntaxin 6	Felis catus	109-114
7119865-3	1982	The number and density of sodium channels on PC12 cells before and after treatment with NGF were estimated by measuring the binding of [3H]saxitoxin ([3H]STX).	Saxitoxin	139-148	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	88-91
33086288-0	2021	The antinociceptive properties of an isoform-selective inhibitor of Nav1.7 derived from saxitoxin in mouse models of pain.	Saxitoxin	88-97	sodium channel, voltage-gated, type IX, alpha	Mus musculus	68-74
500638-2	1979	Saturable, high affinity binding of tritium-labeled saxitoxin ([3H]STX) to axolemma-enriched membranes from white matter of bovine brain was identified.	Saxitoxin	52-61	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	67-70
33086288-4	2021	We describe a small molecule Nav1.7 inhibitor, ST-2530, that is an analog of the naturally occurring sodium channel blocker saxitoxin.	Saxitoxin	124-133	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9	Homo sapiens	29-35
32247151-6	2020	Additionally, STX significantly increased reactive oxygen species level, catalase activity and malondialdehyde content and decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione content.	Saxitoxin	14-17	catalase	Danio rerio	73-81
32247151-7	2020	STX also promoted the expression of vascular development-related genes DLL4 and VEGFC, and inhibited VEGFA expression.	Saxitoxin	0-3	delta-like 4 (Drosophila)	Danio rerio	71-75
32247151-7	2020	STX also promoted the expression of vascular development-related genes DLL4 and VEGFC, and inhibited VEGFA expression.	Saxitoxin	0-3	vascular endothelial growth factor c	Danio rerio	80-85
32247151-7	2020	STX also promoted the expression of vascular development-related genes DLL4 and VEGFC, and inhibited VEGFA expression.	Saxitoxin	0-3	vascular endothelial growth factor Aa	Danio rerio	101-106
32247151-8	2020	Furthermore, STX altered the transcriptional regulation of apoptosis-related genes (BAX, BCL-2, P53 and CASPASE 3).	Saxitoxin	13-16	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator a	Danio rerio	84-87
32247151-8	2020	Furthermore, STX altered the transcriptional regulation of apoptosis-related genes (BAX, BCL-2, P53 and CASPASE 3).	Saxitoxin	13-16	BCL2 apoptosis regulator a	Danio rerio	89-94
32247151-8	2020	Furthermore, STX altered the transcriptional regulation of apoptosis-related genes (BAX, BCL-2, P53 and CASPASE 3).	Saxitoxin	13-16	tumor protein p53	Danio rerio	96-99
32247151-8	2020	Furthermore, STX altered the transcriptional regulation of apoptosis-related genes (BAX, BCL-2, P53 and CASPASE 3).	Saxitoxin	13-16	caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase a	Danio rerio	104-113
30765606-2	2019	Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human Nav1.7-beta1-beta2 complex bound to two combinations of pore blockers and gating modifier toxins (GMTs), tetrodotoxin with protoxin-II and saxitoxin with huwentoxin-IV, both determined at overall resolutions of 3.2 angstroms.	Saxitoxin	207-216	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9	Homo sapiens	68-74
31553620-0	2019	A Direct C11 Alkylation Strategy on the Saxitoxin Core: A Synthesis of (+)-11-Saxitoxinethanoic Acid.	Saxitoxin	40-49	RNA polymerase III subunit K	Homo sapiens	9-12
31553620-3	2019	Herein we described a synthetic platform capable of efficiently targeting (+)-saxitoxin and 11-saxitoxinethanoic acid with an embedded C11 carbon-carbon bond.	Saxitoxin	74-87	RNA polymerase III subunit K	Homo sapiens	135-138
30983320-7	2019	Here, we demonstrate the function of enzymes encoded in cyanobacterial PST biosynthetic gene clusters that have evolved specifically for the sulfation of highly functionalized PSTs, the substrate scope of these enzymes, and elucidate the biosynthetic route from saxitoxin to monosulfated gonyautoxins and disulfated C-toxins.	Saxitoxin	262-271	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
30765606-2	2019	Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human Nav1.7-beta1-beta2 complex bound to two combinations of pore blockers and gating modifier toxins (GMTs), tetrodotoxin with protoxin-II and saxitoxin with huwentoxin-IV, both determined at overall resolutions of 3.2 angstroms.	Saxitoxin	207-216	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	81-86
27162340-5	2016	Mutant cycle analysis has led to the identification of an acetylated variant of STX with unprecedented, low-nanomolar affinity for human NaV1.7 (hNaV1.7), a channel subtype that has been implicated in pain perception.	Saxitoxin	80-83	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9	Homo sapiens	137-143
29970602-6	2018	We identified PKCdelta as the major kinase required for tomosyn-1 threonine phosphorylation and for regulation of the interaction with STXs.	Saxitoxin	135-139	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	14-22
30300344-5	2018	Moreover, we studied the evolutionary scenario of the pre-metazoan genetic linkage between Ran and Stx, and we hypothesized that chromosomal proximity of these two genes across metazoans could be related to a regulatory logic or a functional linkage.	Saxitoxin	99-102	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	91-94
29593668-3	2018	To explore the changes in gene expression induced by Stxs that have been shown in other systems to correlate with cancer progression, we performed the simulated analysis of cDNA dataset and found differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of human THP1-monocytic cells treated with Stxs.	Saxitoxin	53-57	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	243-247
29593668-3	2018	To explore the changes in gene expression induced by Stxs that have been shown in other systems to correlate with cancer progression, we performed the simulated analysis of cDNA dataset and found differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of human THP1-monocytic cells treated with Stxs.	Saxitoxin	277-281	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	243-247
27162340-5	2016	Mutant cycle analysis has led to the identification of an acetylated variant of STX with unprecedented, low-nanomolar affinity for human NaV1.7 (hNaV1.7), a channel subtype that has been implicated in pain perception.	Saxitoxin	80-83	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9	Homo sapiens	145-152
25916202-9	2015	Moreover, we demonstrate how mutation S360Y makes NaV1.9 channels sensitive to tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin and that the unusual slow open-state inactivation of NaV1.9 is also mediated by the IFM (isoleucine-phenylalanine-methionine) inactivation motif located in the linker connecting domains III and IV.	Saxitoxin	96-105	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Homo sapiens	50-56
27164145-0	2016	Docking Simulation of the Binding Interactions of Saxitoxin Analogs Produced by the Marine Dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum to the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Nav1.4.	Saxitoxin	50-59	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 4	Homo sapiens	164-170
27164145-3	2016	We subjected STX and its analogs to a theoretical docking simulation based upon two alternative tri-dimensional models of the Nav1.4 to find a relationship between the binding properties and the known mammalian toxicity of selected STX analogs.	Saxitoxin	13-16	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 4	Homo sapiens	126-132
23423950-6	2013	Expression profiling following exposure to saxitoxin or a copper chelator produced similar profiles in copper homeostasis genes, notably induction of the cytochrome c6 (CYC6) and copper transporter (COPT1, CTR1) genes.	Saxitoxin	43-52	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	154-167
26502906-8	2016	Taken together, these results suggest that Stxs trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway to release proinflammatory IL-1beta as well as to promote apoptotic cell death.	Saxitoxin	43-47	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	60-65
26502906-8	2016	Taken together, these results suggest that Stxs trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway to release proinflammatory IL-1beta as well as to promote apoptotic cell death.	Saxitoxin	43-47	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	114-122
25998811-3	2015	stx subtypes in eae negative isolates were more diverse than in eae positive isolates primarily carrying stx2a.	Saxitoxin	0-3	syntaxin 2	Homo sapiens	105-110
26154765-10	2015	Moreover, hemocytes exposed to 100 nM of STX for 4 or 16 h showed a significant increase in transcript levels of genes encoding for antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT), mitochondrial enzymes (COI, COIII, CYTB, ATP6, ND1) and ion channels (K+, Ca2+).	Saxitoxin	41-44	CYTB	Mytilus chilensis	199-203
26154765-10	2015	Moreover, hemocytes exposed to 100 nM of STX for 4 or 16 h showed a significant increase in transcript levels of genes encoding for antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT), mitochondrial enzymes (COI, COIII, CYTB, ATP6, ND1) and ion channels (K+, Ca2+).	Saxitoxin	41-44	ATP6	Mytilus chilensis	205-209
26154765-10	2015	Moreover, hemocytes exposed to 100 nM of STX for 4 or 16 h showed a significant increase in transcript levels of genes encoding for antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT), mitochondrial enzymes (COI, COIII, CYTB, ATP6, ND1) and ion channels (K+, Ca2+).	Saxitoxin	41-44	ND1	Mytilus chilensis	211-214
24119188-7	2013	LAP, LTBP-1 and TGF-beta were all decreased in animals that rejected on STX-100 compared to those that rejected on standard immunosuppression alone, suggesting a relevant effect of alphavbeta6 blockade on local TGF-beta.	Saxitoxin	72-75	latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 1	Macaca mulatta	5-11
24119188-7	2013	LAP, LTBP-1 and TGF-beta were all decreased in animals that rejected on STX-100 compared to those that rejected on standard immunosuppression alone, suggesting a relevant effect of alphavbeta6 blockade on local TGF-beta.	Saxitoxin	72-75	transforming growth factor beta1	Macaca mulatta	16-24
24119188-7	2013	LAP, LTBP-1 and TGF-beta were all decreased in animals that rejected on STX-100 compared to those that rejected on standard immunosuppression alone, suggesting a relevant effect of alphavbeta6 blockade on local TGF-beta.	Saxitoxin	72-75	transforming growth factor beta1	Macaca mulatta	211-219
23423950-6	2013	Expression profiling following exposure to saxitoxin or a copper chelator produced similar profiles in copper homeostasis genes, notably induction of the cytochrome c6 (CYC6) and copper transporter (COPT1, CTR1) genes.	Saxitoxin	43-52	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	169-173
23423950-6	2013	Expression profiling following exposure to saxitoxin or a copper chelator produced similar profiles in copper homeostasis genes, notably induction of the cytochrome c6 (CYC6) and copper transporter (COPT1, CTR1) genes.	Saxitoxin	43-52	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	199-204
23423950-6	2013	Expression profiling following exposure to saxitoxin or a copper chelator produced similar profiles in copper homeostasis genes, notably induction of the cytochrome c6 (CYC6) and copper transporter (COPT1, CTR1) genes.	Saxitoxin	43-52	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	206-210
23275514-6	2013	Stx2-producing strains were transiently present (farm R) and became Stx2 negative on farm X (i.e., stx(2a)::IS1203v).	Saxitoxin	99-102	syntaxin 2	Bos taurus	0-4
23157558-3	2013	Serotypes of Stx produced by EHEC include Stx1 and Stx2.	Saxitoxin	13-16	syntaxin 2	Mus musculus	51-55
19159655-3	2009	Here, we have studied if a relationship exists between the presence of saxitoxin (STX) a paralytic poisoning shellfish (PSP) and the neuroactive amino acids.	Saxitoxin	71-80	persephin	Rattus norvegicus	120-123
23077250-0	2012	Marked difference in saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin affinity for the human nociceptive voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.7) [corrected].	Saxitoxin	21-30	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9	Homo sapiens	113-119
21922571-0	2011	Synthesis of skeletal analogues of saxitoxin derivatives and evaluation of their inhibitory activity on sodium ion channels Na(V)1.4 and Na(V)1.5.	Saxitoxin	35-44	immunoglobulin lambda variable 2-14	Homo sapiens	124-132
21922571-0	2011	Synthesis of skeletal analogues of saxitoxin derivatives and evaluation of their inhibitory activity on sodium ion channels Na(V)1.4 and Na(V)1.5.	Saxitoxin	35-44	immunoglobulin lambda variable 2-18	Homo sapiens	137-145
22814156-0	2012	Relationship between stx genotype and Stx2 expression level in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 strains.	Saxitoxin	21-24	syntaxin 2	Homo sapiens	38-42
19159655-3	2009	Here, we have studied if a relationship exists between the presence of saxitoxin (STX) a paralytic poisoning shellfish (PSP) and the neuroactive amino acids.	Saxitoxin	82-85	persephin	Rattus norvegicus	120-123
17050743-8	2006	Calves initially inoculated with Stx- O157, but not those inoculated with Stx2+ O157, developed statistically significant lymphoproliferative responses to heat-killed Stx2+ O157.	Saxitoxin	33-36	syntaxin 2	Bos taurus	167-171
18541402-8	2008	The results indicate that not only presence of Gb3 but also Gb3 density on lipid rafts were important for Stx binding.	Saxitoxin	106-109	alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group)	Homo sapiens	47-50
18541402-8	2008	The results indicate that not only presence of Gb3 but also Gb3 density on lipid rafts were important for Stx binding.	Saxitoxin	106-109	alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group)	Homo sapiens	60-63
18591418-8	2008	Saxitoxin (STX) at 1 microM abolished the current left in 50 microM Ni(2+).	Saxitoxin	0-9	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	11-14
17067855-8	2007	I(NaL) was sensitive to cadmium but not to cyanide and exhibited low sensitivity to saxitoxin (IC(50)=62 nM) or tetrodotoxin (IC(50)=1.2 muM), tested in dogs.	Saxitoxin	84-93	N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate lyase	Homo sapiens	2-5
19075477-3	2008	The results of batch adsorption and solid-phase extraction for one of the STX analogues, a prepared polymer that had special sites for the recognition of STXs, showed that the analogue could selectively recognize and concentrate STXs.	Saxitoxin	154-158	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	74-77
19075477-3	2008	The results of batch adsorption and solid-phase extraction for one of the STX analogues, a prepared polymer that had special sites for the recognition of STXs, showed that the analogue could selectively recognize and concentrate STXs.	Saxitoxin	229-233	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	74-77
17720842-7	2007	In addition to being widespread among STEC strains, stx-negative, eae-positive strains (atypical enteropathogenic E. coli strains) isolated from cattle and sheep have similar ehxA subtypes and hemolytic activities.	Saxitoxin	52-55	hemolysin A	Escherichia coli	175-179
15892061-5	2005	The results indicated that saxitoxin (STX) was the only PST analogue in the samples and that it was present in high concentrations, as much as 1 mg L(-1).	Saxitoxin	27-36	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
16169733-4	2006	SPR analysis demonstrated that the binding of this peptide to both Stxs was strong: K(d) = 6.6 x 10(-6) to Stx-1 and 6.8 x 10(-6) to Stx-2.	Saxitoxin	67-71	syntaxin 1A	Homo sapiens	107-112
16169733-4	2006	SPR analysis demonstrated that the binding of this peptide to both Stxs was strong: K(d) = 6.6 x 10(-6) to Stx-1 and 6.8 x 10(-6) to Stx-2.	Saxitoxin	67-71	syntaxin 2	Homo sapiens	133-138
15981012-3	2005	Na(v)1.4 is tetrodotoxin- and saxitoxin-sensitive but resistant to cadmium and extracellular QX-314.	Saxitoxin	30-39	immunoglobulin lambda variable 2-14	Homo sapiens	0-8
16222375-2	2005	Commercially available SPME devices with 50 microm Carbowax templated resin (CW/TPR) coating was found to be able to pre-concentrate STX from aqueous media.	Saxitoxin	133-136	translocated promoter region, nuclear basket protein	Homo sapiens	80-83
16859628-1	2006	Several radioreceptor assays using tritiated saxitoxin ([(3)H]STX) were developed to identify a suitable primary screening method for the detection and characterization of soluble saxitoxin binding proteins from biological extracts.	Saxitoxin	45-54	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	62-65
16892393-5	2006	We show that one of these analogues, ST-X, elicits a potent nongenomic estrogen response in the CNS by rapidly inhibiting GIRK activation in hypothalamic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons.	Saxitoxin	37-41	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	210-214
15892061-5	2005	The results indicated that saxitoxin (STX) was the only PST analogue in the samples and that it was present in high concentrations, as much as 1 mg L(-1).	Saxitoxin	38-41	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
15102770-11	2004	Optimal TNF-alpha expression occurs when both Stxs and LPS are present.	Saxitoxin	46-50	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	8-17
12368111-2	2002	Toxic extracts contained at least 80 microg saxitoxin equivalents (STX equiv.)	Saxitoxin	44-53	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Mus musculus	67-70
12771193-0	2003	Saxitoxin is a gating modifier of HERG K+ channels.	Saxitoxin	0-9	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens	34-38
12771193-3	2003	In this study, we identify saxitoxin (STX) as a hERG channel modifier and investigate the mechanism using heterologous expression of the recombinant channel in HEK293 cells.	Saxitoxin	27-36	ETS transcription factor ERG	Homo sapiens	48-52
12771193-3	2003	In this study, we identify saxitoxin (STX) as a hERG channel modifier and investigate the mechanism using heterologous expression of the recombinant channel in HEK293 cells.	Saxitoxin	38-41	ETS transcription factor ERG	Homo sapiens	48-52
12771193-5	2003	STX decreased hERG K+ currents by stabilizing closed channel states visualized as shifts in the voltage dependence of channel opening to more depolarized membrane potentials.	Saxitoxin	0-3	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
12771193-10	2003	The results are consistent with a simple model in which STX binds to the hERG K+ channel at multiple sites and alters the energetics of channel gating by shifting both the voltage-inactivation and voltage-activation processes.	Saxitoxin	56-59	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens	73-77
11159437-5	2001	NeoSTX had a higher affinity for the adult rat skeletal muscle Na+ channel (muI or Scn4a) than for STX (DeltaG approximately = 1.3 kcal/mol).	Saxitoxin	3-6	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 4	Rattus norvegicus	83-88
11839504-6	2002	RESULTS: The viability of WISH cells decreased in proportion to the concentrations of Stxs.	Saxitoxin	86-90	NCK interacting protein with SH3 domain	Homo sapiens	26-30
11839504-10	2002	WISH cells were as sensitive as Vero cells to Stxs and cell death occurred by apoptosis.	Saxitoxin	46-50	NCK interacting protein with SH3 domain	Homo sapiens	0-4
10531258-11	1999	Furthermore, Stxs induced mRNA of the primary response gene c-jun, which was subsequently partially blocked by SB202190.	Saxitoxin	13-17	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	60-65
11460736-8	2000	with sub-lethal doses of STX show a four- to eight-fold induction of hepatic CYP1A (as shown by ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity) over controls after 96 h. Results presented here show that the phase II XME glutathione S-transferase (GST) is also induced in salmon following PSP exposure.	Saxitoxin	25-28	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A	Salmo salar	77-82
10531258-12	1999	These data suggest a novel model of how Stxs contribute to disease, namely that Stxs may alter regulation of host cell processes in sensitive cells via activation of at least one member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family in the p38/RK cascade and induction of c-jun mRNA.	Saxitoxin	40-44	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	240-243
10531258-12	1999	These data suggest a novel model of how Stxs contribute to disease, namely that Stxs may alter regulation of host cell processes in sensitive cells via activation of at least one member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family in the p38/RK cascade and induction of c-jun mRNA.	Saxitoxin	40-44	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	272-277
10531258-12	1999	These data suggest a novel model of how Stxs contribute to disease, namely that Stxs may alter regulation of host cell processes in sensitive cells via activation of at least one member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family in the p38/RK cascade and induction of c-jun mRNA.	Saxitoxin	80-84	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	240-243
10531258-12	1999	These data suggest a novel model of how Stxs contribute to disease, namely that Stxs may alter regulation of host cell processes in sensitive cells via activation of at least one member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family in the p38/RK cascade and induction of c-jun mRNA.	Saxitoxin	80-84	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	272-277
10385199-7	1999	The amount of 100 ng/ml of both Stxl and Stx2 appeared to saturate 20 mg/ml of Synsorb Pk after coincubating for 30 min at 37 C. While assessing the Stxs" binding activity to Synsorb Pk, it was demonstrated that Stxl had a higher affinity to Pk trisaccharide than Stx2.	Saxitoxin	149-153	syntaxin 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
9068974-4	1997	ET-3-and ETB-receptor-selective agonist STX S6c enhanced EFS-induced contractions.	Saxitoxin	40-43	endothelin 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
11122538-6	1999	Saxitoxin caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of brevetoxin-1 induction of c-fos-luc with an EC50 of 3.5 ng ml(-1).	Saxitoxin	0-9	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	83-88
9620576-5	1998	Saxiphilin is a novel transferrin which binds saxitoxin (STX) but differs from the sodium channel in not having any measurable affinity for TTX.	Saxitoxin	46-55	transferrin	Mus musculus	22-33
9620576-5	1998	Saxiphilin is a novel transferrin which binds saxitoxin (STX) but differs from the sodium channel in not having any measurable affinity for TTX.	Saxitoxin	57-60	transferrin	Mus musculus	22-33
9397515-1	1998	Saxitoxin (STX) binding was measured in susceptible (SBO) and pyrethroid-resistant (KDR) female houseflies having only target site insensitivity as a resistance mechanism.	Saxitoxin	0-9	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	84-87
9397515-1	1998	Saxitoxin (STX) binding was measured in susceptible (SBO) and pyrethroid-resistant (KDR) female houseflies having only target site insensitivity as a resistance mechanism.	Saxitoxin	11-14	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	84-87
9397515-2	1998	In KDR flies, there was a quantitative decrease in STX binding capacity (Bmax) relative to SBO flies coupled with an increase in binding affinity (Kd).	Saxitoxin	51-54	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	3-6
9397515-7	1998	The data suggest that the kdr resistant gene may be expressed as changes in STX binding kinetics and that measurements of STX binding in pyrethroid-treated insects may be a useful approach for studying pyrethroid"s mode of action and resistance.	Saxitoxin	76-79	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	26-29
9068974-4	1997	ET-3-and ETB-receptor-selective agonist STX S6c enhanced EFS-induced contractions.	Saxitoxin	40-43	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	9-12
8926643-1	1995	The authors have reported that ET-1 and ETB receptor agonist, sarafotoxin S6c (STX-S6c), caused prolonged intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in rabbit eyes in a dose-dependent fashion when injected intravitreally.	Saxitoxin	79-82	endothelin-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	31-52
8858921-6	1996	Stimulatory effects of insulin on [3H]-STX binding and veratridine-induced 22Na+ influx were nullified by simultaneous treatment with either 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole riboside, an inhibitor of RNA synthesis, or cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, whereas insulin treatment did not appreciably increase the level of mRNA encoding the Na+ channel alpha-subunit.	Saxitoxin	39-42	insulin	Bos taurus	23-30
9086773-4	1997	In evolution, it is intriguining that the virulent genes of EHEC might be mediated by phages, plasmids and so on, because stx is derived from a bacterio-phage, bfpA is located in a plasmid in enteropathogenic E. coli(EPEC) though it has not yet been cloned in EHEC, eaeA is one of the genes in LEE(locus of enterocyte effacement), a putative genetic cassette ubiquitous for EPEC and EHEC, and ehxA is in a plasmid.	Saxitoxin	122-125	Major pilin structural unit bundlin	Escherichia coli	160-164
8858921-1	1996	Treatment of cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells with 100 nM insulin raised [3H]saxitoxin ([3H]-STX) binding in a time-dependent manner (t1/2 = 26 h).	Saxitoxin	101-104	insulin	Bos taurus	66-73
8858921-2	1996	Insulin (100 nM for 4 days) increased the Bmax of [3H]STX binding by 49% without changing the KD value and also augmented the maximal influx of 22Na+ due to 560 microM veratridine by 39% without altering the EC50 value of veratridine.	Saxitoxin	54-57	insulin	Bos taurus	0-7
8537816-1	1995	bTyrosine 401 of the skeletal muscle isoform (mu 1) of the rat muscle Na channel is an important determinant of high affinity block by tetrodotoxin (TTX) and saxitoxin (STX) in Na-channel isoforms.	Saxitoxin	158-167	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 4	Rattus norvegicus	21-51
8537816-1	1995	bTyrosine 401 of the skeletal muscle isoform (mu 1) of the rat muscle Na channel is an important determinant of high affinity block by tetrodotoxin (TTX) and saxitoxin (STX) in Na-channel isoforms.	Saxitoxin	158-167	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	169-172
7706028-3	1995	The authors attempted to clarify the role of ETB receptors in changes in IOP induced by ET-1 in rabbits using STX-S6c and to determine the relationship between the IOP response and various doses of STX-S6c.	Saxitoxin	110-113	endothelin receptor type B	Oryctolagus cuniculus	45-48
7706028-14	1995	CONCLUSION: STX-S6c reduces the IOP in rabbits in a dose-dependent fashion, presumably mediated through the ETB receptors.	Saxitoxin	12-15	endothelin receptor type B	Oryctolagus cuniculus	108-111
8391763-2	1993	The tritiated sodium channel blocker saxitoxin ([3H]-saxitoxin; STX) was used to detect toxins in paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) by measuring the competitive displacement of other toxins.	Saxitoxin	37-46	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
20732264-1	1993	The inhibitory activity of saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin on diamine oxidase and S-adenosyl-l-methionine decarboxylase from mammalian sources have been analysed.	Saxitoxin	27-36	amine oxidase copper containing 1	Homo sapiens	57-72
20732264-2	1993	Unlike tetrodotoxin, saxitoxin was a reversible non-competitive inhibitor of pig kidney diamine oxidase with an estimated K(i) of 140 mum.	Saxitoxin	21-30	amine oxidase copper containing 1	Sus scrofa	88-103
8108457-3	1993	Tritium-labelled saxitoxin ([3H]-STX) binding in md optic nerve was approximately 30% greater, per wet mass of tissue, than in the control optic nerve.	Saxitoxin	17-26	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Rattus norvegicus	33-36
1652349-1	1991	The purification of voltage-dependent sodium channels from mantle muscles of the squid is monitored through increase in the specific binding of tritiated saxitoxin (3H-STX) of membrane extracts solubilized with Lubrol-PX, chromatographed over an ion-exchange resin then through an affinity column coupling lectins (WGA) and Sepharose.	Saxitoxin	154-163	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	168-171
1952825-5	1991	Blockers of voltage-gated Na+ channels (tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin) significantly improved recovery, as did perfusion with zero-Na+ solution; both maneuvers would prevent intracellular [Na+] from rising and thus prevent Ca2+ influx by inhibiting reverse operation of the Na+,Ca2+ exchanger.	Saxitoxin	57-66	solute carrier family 8 member A1	Homo sapiens	271-289
34974311-4	2022	A significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde, together with decreased enzymatic activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase, was observed in fish of both sexes exposed to 1 microg L - 1 saxitoxin, indicating the occurrence of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress.	Saxitoxin	201-210	catalase	Danio rerio	105-113
34234116-2	2021	We demonstrate that a functionalized saxitoxin (STX-eac) enables exquisite spatiotemporal control of NaVs to interrupt action potentials in dissociated neurons and nerve fiber bundles.	Saxitoxin	37-46	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	48-51
34197336-8	2021	The decreased expression of Arsa indicates that long-term low doses of STX exposure can cause neuronal inhibition, which is a process related to spatial memory impairment.	Saxitoxin	71-74	arylsulfatase A	Mus musculus	28-32
35550288-4	2022	PSTs (saxitoxin equivalents, STX eq.) were detected in all trophic levels with concentrations above the seafood safety regulatory limit (80 mug STX eq. 100 g-1) in benthic clams collected offshore on the continental shelf in the Beaufort, Chukchi, and Bering Seas.	Saxitoxin	6-15	ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	29-32