PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
2759031-6	1989	However, the spermidine synthesis inhibitor methylglyoxal-(bis)-guanylhydrazone does inhibit alpha-casein accumulation in a concentration-dependent and spermidine-recoverable manner in cells stimulated by PRL and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	213-226	casein alpha s1	Mus musculus	93-105
2511142-10	1989	Triglycerides of gamma linolenic acid have been considered to be of value in situations when there may be a reduced activity of delta-6-desaturase to transform linoleic acid to arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	160-173	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	128-146
2614263-7	1989	We also propose that cis-4-octenedioic acid is derived from linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	suppressor of cytokine signaling 6	Homo sapiens	21-26
2759031-0	1989	Spermidine is necessary for, but not the only mediator of, linoleic acid-stimulated alpha-casein accumulation in mouse mammary epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	casein alpha s1	Mus musculus	84-96
2759031-1	1989	Mammary epithelial cells obtained from virgin mice were induced to accumulate alpha-casein in serum-free two-stage collagen gel culture with insulin, PRL, and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	159-172	casein alpha s1	Mus musculus	78-90
2759031-2	1989	Omission of either PRL or linoleic acid drastically reduces alpha-casein accumulation.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	casein alpha s1	Mus musculus	60-72
2764141-1	1989	High dietary intake of linoleic acid lowers arterial pressure, and, in vitro, linoleic acid inhibits the enzymatic activity of renin.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	renin	Rattus norvegicus	127-132
2570573-1	1989	The first and rate limiting step in the conversion of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid is catalyzed by the delta - 6 - desaturase (D6D) enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	54-62	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	108-130
2570573-1	1989	The first and rate limiting step in the conversion of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid is catalyzed by the delta - 6 - desaturase (D6D) enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	54-62	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	132-135
2764141-1	1989	High dietary intake of linoleic acid lowers arterial pressure, and, in vitro, linoleic acid inhibits the enzymatic activity of renin.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	renin	Rattus norvegicus	127-132
2764141-5	1989	In sodium chloride-deprived rats, the reduction of blood pressure by linoleic acid infusion was associated with increased plasma renin activity (P less than 0.05); serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity was unchanged.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	renin	Rattus norvegicus	129-134
2764141-8	1989	Thus, although linoleic acid infusion lowered blood pressure in high renin but not in low renin states, the reduction of blood pressure was not related to inhibition of circulating renin or to alterations of endogenous prostaglandin biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	renin	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
2730885-1	1989	Modification of fatty acid composition of Hep-G2 cells was achieved by 7-9 days of supplementation of culture medium with palmitic, oleic or linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	141-154	DNL-type zinc finger	Homo sapiens	42-45
2506664-0	1989	The induced lipoxygenase in atherosclerotic aorta converts linoleic acid to the platelet chemorepellant factor 13-HODE.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	12-24
2506664-2	1989	Only the 15-lipoxygenase can act on linoleic acid, the predominant essential fatty acid of tissues and plasma, producing 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE).	Linoleic Acid	36-49	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	12-24
2782065-9	1989	The composition of a home-made formula made from fresh cow"s milk was markedly different in winter and in summer, when percentages of saturated and trans-fatty acids were higher and of linoleic acid were lower.	Linoleic Acid	185-198	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	61-65
2787317-6	1989	Elastase inhibitory capacity of alpha 1-PI was significantly diminished in the presence of 0.1 mM linoleic acid and under NO2 atmosphere (75 +/- 8% of control, P less than 0.01), whereas there was no change in elastase inhibitory capacity of alpha 1-PI in the presence or absence (buffer only) of 0.1 mM stearic acid under a similar condition (109 +/- 11 and 94 +/- 6%, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	98-111	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	32-42
2758009-14	1989	The fatty acid profile of phosphatidylcholine and the delta 6-desaturase activity of liver microsomes indicated the reduced desaturation of linoleate in the SOY and WHY groups compared with the CAS groups.	Linoleic Acid	140-149	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	54-72
2474334-1	1989	The rate of linoleic acid peroxidation catalysed by soybean lipoxygenase I was studied as a function of the hydration degree of aerosol OT (bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt) reversed micelles in octane.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	60-72
2502779-2	1989	During the aerobic reaction of soybean lipoxygenase with polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acid) oxygen uptake is followed by excited carbonyl photoemission.	Linoleic Acid	86-94	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	39-51
2923077-0	1989	Linoleic-acid-enriched diet: long-term effects on serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations and insulin sensitivity in noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	106-113
2500671-2	1989	We have attempted to determine if the mechanism involves the inhibition of lipid oxidation by utilizing a model system where linoleic acid is oxidized in the presence of oxygen and methemoglobin.	Linoleic Acid	125-138	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	181-194
24212490-7	1989	Isotope discrimination by soybean lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.12) supplied with linoleic acid was much lower than by respiration.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	34-46
2493807-1	1989	Perturbation of the fatty acid composition of human lymphocytes in vitro was investigated by addition of linoleic acid complexed to bovine serum albumin (BSA-LA) and by mitogenic stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA).	Linoleic Acid	105-118	albumin	Homo sapiens	139-152
2923077-4	1989	In conclusion, a linoleic-enriched diet in patients with NIDD causes a less atherogenic lipoprotein profile but does not influence glycemic control and carbohydrate tolerance.	Linoleic Acid	17-25	zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 23	Homo sapiens	57-61
2471340-3	1989	In this case Km of lipoxygenase for linoleic acid increases from 10(-5) M to 5 X 10(-4) M. The activity of lipoxygenase is maximal, the aerosol OT concentration being 0.03 M and a degree of reversed micelle hydratation 40.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	19-31
2471340-3	1989	In this case Km of lipoxygenase for linoleic acid increases from 10(-5) M to 5 X 10(-4) M. The activity of lipoxygenase is maximal, the aerosol OT concentration being 0.03 M and a degree of reversed micelle hydratation 40.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	107-119
2499086-2	1989	The role of main factors influencing the rate of potato 5-lipoxygenase oxidation of linoleic acid was investigated.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	58-70
2499086-5	1989	It was shown that potato 5-lipoxygenase was allosteric enzyme which possessed positive cooperativity for linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	105-118	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	25-39
2492826-0	1989	Soybean lipoxygenase-1 enzymically forms both (9S)- and (13S)-hydroperoxides from linoleic acid by a pH-dependent mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	8-22
2492826-1	1989	Soybean lipoxygenase-1 produces a preponderance of two chiral products from linoleic acid, (13S)-(9Z,11E)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid and (9S)-(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	8-22
2492204-7	1989	In contrast, a lipoxygenase product of linoleic acid, 13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, inhibited TPA and 12(S)-HETE-enhanced tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells, subendothelial matrix, and fibronectin.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	196-207
2492826-7	1989	Methyl esterification of linoleic acid blocked the formation of the (9S)-hydroperoxide by lipoxygenase-1, but not the (13S)-hydroperoxide.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	90-102
2764729-12	1989	The inhibition rates of cholesterol esterification by EPA were higher than those by linoleic acid in HDL3.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	HDL3	Homo sapiens	101-105
2643465-1	1989	Human breast epithelial cells isolated from normal breast tissues of premenopausal women demonstrated direct evidence of a proliferative effect by linoleate (18:2 omega 6) or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the presence of insulin and epidermal growth factor in serum-free cultures within a collagen gel matrix.	Linoleic Acid	147-156	insulin	Homo sapiens	218-225
2643465-1	1989	Human breast epithelial cells isolated from normal breast tissues of premenopausal women demonstrated direct evidence of a proliferative effect by linoleate (18:2 omega 6) or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the presence of insulin and epidermal growth factor in serum-free cultures within a collagen gel matrix.	Linoleic Acid	147-156	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	230-253
2646038-2	1989	A significant negative correlation between insulin binding and the proportion of w-6 family essential fatty acids, especially linoleic acid (r = -0.82, p less than 0.01) and arachidonic acid (r = -0.73, p less than 0.05) in erythrocyte membrane was found.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	insulin	Homo sapiens	43-50
2541151-1	1989	In the reaction of soybean lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.12) with polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acids, some radical species were detected using the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-trapping technique.	Linoleic Acid	97-105	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	27-39
2764729-13	1989	The inhibition rates of cholesterol esterification by oleic acid were close to those by linoleic acid in HDL3.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	HDL3	Homo sapiens	105-109
2806947-2	1989	The peroxidation of linoleic acid induced by this interaction was inhibited by desferrioxamine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or alpha-tocopherol, and poorly by catalase.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	catalase	Homo sapiens	163-171
2533981-5	1989	We found a significant negative correlation between specific insulin binding and the proportion of n-6 essential FA in erythrocyte membrane phospholipids, especially linoleic acid (r = -0.82, p less than 0.01) and arachidonic acid (r = -0.73, p less than 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	166-179	insulin	Homo sapiens	61-68
3144281-5	1988	The products of the reaction between linoleic acid, BW A137C and soybean lipoxygenase have been partially characterized.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	73-85
2907482-8	1988	The individual components of serum-free medium which proved to support vimentin induction by TPA were insulin and the unsaturated fatty acids oleic acid and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	157-170	vimentin	Mus musculus	71-79
3286636-2	1988	Linoleate metabolism via the cyclooxygenase pathway enhances the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells in serum-free culture in the presence of epidermal growth factor and insulin (Bandyopadhyay, G.K., Imagawa, W., Wallace, D., and Nandi, S. (1987) J. Biol.	Linoleic Acid	0-9	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	148-171
3149278-3	1988	Phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine with arachidonate at the sn-2 position of glycerol was cleaved efficiently by phospholipase A2 activity in homogenates as well as in the cytoplasmic fraction of human platelets, leading to the selective liberation of free arachidonate, whereas phospholipids with linoleate were hardly hydrolyzed under the same conditions.	Linoleic Acid	311-320	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	126-142
3052059-0	1988	Inhibition of renin by plasma linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	renin	Homo sapiens	14-19
3052059-8	1988	Linoleic acid, a previously identified renin inhibitor, was present in this fraction.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	renin	Homo sapiens	39-44
3052059-9	1988	The authors conclude that circulating linoleic acid inhibits renin.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	renin	Homo sapiens	61-66
3214459-5	1988	In the whole population, apo B and total cholesterol had significant negative correlations with the percentages of linoleate in the fatty acids of plasma and adipose tissue, which are known to reflect the quality of dietary fat.	Linoleic Acid	115-124	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	25-30
3214459-6	1988	As the percentages of linoleate have previously been shown to be lower in the Eastern population, part of the regional difference in apo B is obviously explained by differences in the quality of dietary fat.	Linoleic Acid	22-31	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	133-138
2459258-4	1988	Keratinocyte 15-lipoxygenase metabolized arachidonic acid (Km = 10.6 microM) and linoleic acid (Km = 9.5 microM) with similar efficiency.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	13-28
3153127-1	1988	Fats are important constituents of the human diet since on the one hand, they contribute to the caloric density of the diet, and on the other, they serve as vehicles of essential nutrients such as linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids, as well as fat-soluble vitamins.	Linoleic Acid	197-205	chromosome 10 open reading frame 90	Homo sapiens	0-4
3135225-4	1988	Intracolonic instillation of arachidonate, linoleate, or oleate at concentrations that did not induce surface cell injury or loss increased colonic mucosal ornithine decarboxylase activity and stimulated incorporation of [3H]thymidine into mucosal deoxyribonucleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	43-52	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	156-179
3286636-15	1988	Whatever may be the pathways of interaction, synergism between HETEs and PGE2 seems to explain how linoleate stimulates the growth of mammary epithelial cells in the presence of epidermal growth factor and insulin.	Linoleic Acid	99-108	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	178-201
2452656-10	1988	NTPase activity and RNA efflux from isolated nuclei were higher in the high linoleic acid fed group compared with the low linoleic acid group.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	nucleoside-triphosphatase, cancer-related	Mus musculus	0-6
3409855-7	1988	We suggest that dietary nucleotides may reverse the partial inhibition of delta 5-desaturase caused by an excess of linoleic acid in the diet during early postnatal life.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	74-92
2456289-2	1988	Previous work has shown that linoleate or its metabolite, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), stimulate the growth of these cells only in the presence of a growth stimulant such as epidermal growth factor (EGF).	Linoleic Acid	29-38	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	170-193
2456289-2	1988	Previous work has shown that linoleate or its metabolite, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), stimulate the growth of these cells only in the presence of a growth stimulant such as epidermal growth factor (EGF).	Linoleic Acid	29-38	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	195-198
2452656-10	1988	NTPase activity and RNA efflux from isolated nuclei were higher in the high linoleic acid fed group compared with the low linoleic acid group.	Linoleic Acid	122-135	nucleoside-triphosphatase, cancer-related	Mus musculus	0-6
3351636-4	1988	Dietary safflower oil, as a source of linoleic acid, repressed G6PD activity, synthesis and mRNA levels two- to threefold without significantly changing the amount of carbohydrate consumed.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	63-67
2833931-4	1988	These analyses also showed that, while phosphoinositides containing 20:3(n - 9) (5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid) accumulated in EFAD, linoleate supplementation decreased 20:3(n - 9)-PI and 20:3(n - 9)-phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PIP), but resulted in accumulation of 20:3(n - 9)-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2).	Linoleic Acid	130-139	prolactin induced protein	Homo sapiens	231-234
3162220-1	1988	Basal and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion, fasting serum gastrin concentrations, and the gastric output of prostaglandin E and its major metabolite 13,14-dihydro 15-keto prostaglandin E2 were measured in 9 normal subjects before and after 14-20 days of dietary supplementation with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	297-310	gastrin	Homo sapiens	15-22
3162220-3	1988	Mean fasting serum gastrin concentrations increased from 19.2 +/- 3.1 to 30.9 +/- 3.8 ng/L (p less than 0.01) after linoleic acid, probably because of acid suppression.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	gastrin	Homo sapiens	19-26
3349606-3	1988	Cis-4-decenoate, an intermediary metabolite of linoleic acid, is pathognomonic of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.	Linoleic Acid	47-60	suppressor of cytokine signaling 6	Homo sapiens	0-5
3351636-6	1988	Dietary fat + TYA (an analogue of arachidonate that inhibits normal metabolism of linoleic acid) prevented the fat-dependent lowering of G6PD and 6PGD activity, synthesis and mRNA levels.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	137-141
3351636-7	1988	Our results suggest that a metabolite of linoleic acid regulates the activity of two lipogenic enzymes, G6PD and 6PGD, by lowering gene expression or mRNA processing or stability.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
3254691-4	1988	The LCAT activity was independent of the P/S ratio of the diet, but positively correlated with the percentage of linoleic acid in serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters, and negatively correlated with the percentage of oleic acid in the same fractions.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	4-8
3286062-4	1988	Before the insulin treatment but less strongly during it, the contents of linoleic acid were positively and those of dihomogammalinolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and arachidonic acid/linoleic acid ratios of plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipids inversely correlated with glycosylated HbA1 levels, suggesting that the conversion of linoleic acid to prostanoid precursor fatty acids is affected by the poor glycemic control in Type 2 diabetic patients.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	insulin	Homo sapiens	11-18
3126736-2	1988	L1 catalyzes the oxidation of phenidone by 13-HPOD, the hydroperoxide formed by dioxygenation of linoleic acid by L1, with formation of 4,5-dehydrophenidone.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	0-2
3126736-2	1988	L1 catalyzes the oxidation of phenidone by 13-HPOD, the hydroperoxide formed by dioxygenation of linoleic acid by L1, with formation of 4,5-dehydrophenidone.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	114-116
2969420-2	1988	Oxidation products of linoleic and arachidonic acids, obtained either by autoxidation or incubation with soybean lipoxygenase, effectively blocked in a dose-dependent manner, the net influx of calcium in the absence or presence of 5 mM of oxalate.	Linoleic Acid	22-30	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	113-125
2969420-5	1988	Likewise, autoxidation products of linoleic and arachidonic acids and lipoxygenase-generated products of linoleic acid induced a dose-dependent release of calcium from vesicles previously loaded with 45Ca, and release was further enhanced in the presence of 0.5 mM of EGTA.	Linoleic Acid	105-118	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	70-82
2895410-8	1988	Addition of linoleate to the medium resulted in a significant suppression of insulin"s ability to induce G6PD, but linoleate had no effect on the induction of G6PD activity by glucose alone.	Linoleic Acid	12-21	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
3144270-2	1988	The lipoxygenase activity of red cell lysates with linoleic acid as substrate, the concentration of immunologically detectable lipoxygenase protein as well as the metabolization of external [1-14C]arachidonic or -linoleic acid by intact cells were determined during bleeding anaemia and the recovery period of rabbits.	Linoleic Acid	51-64	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	4-16
3135123-6	1988	That CCl4 did cause lipid peroxidation was evident from the presence of allylic hydroxyacids not seen in vehicle-treated controls, greatly increased radioactivity in protein-bound material, and decreased levels of arachidonate without decreased synthesis from linolate.	Linoleic Acid	260-268	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	5-9
3048953-1	1988	It has been reported that essential fatty acid levels may be low and that there may be reduced levels of delta-6-desaturase metabolites of linoleic acid in patients with atopic eczema.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	105-123
3048953-3	1988	Efamol contains gamma-linolenic acid, the delta-6-desaturase metabolite of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	42-60
3040731-2	1987	Soybean lipoxygenase is a non-heme iron enzyme that catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of linoleic acid by dioxygen.	Linoleic Acid	87-100	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	8-20
3119246-4	1987	The fraction contained four isomeric derivatives of linoleic acid each containing a conjugated double-bond system (designated CLA).	Linoleic Acid	52-65	clasper	Mus musculus	126-129
3122822-4	1987	Both isomeric substrates were found to be catalytically oxygenated by soybean lipoxygenase 1 at a significant fraction of the rate of the reaction of the natural substrate, linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	173-186	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	78-92
3122822-5	1987	Product determinations revealed that a thermodynamically unfavorable E to Z isomerization at the 9,10-position occurred when (9E,12Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid was converted into the 13-hydroperoxide by lipoxygenase 1.	Linoleic Acid	125-159	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	203-217
3117986-1	1987	Mice given propylthiouracil, a thyroid inhibitor, and fed a diet containing a nontoxic level of rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol showed the hypothermia and mortality expected for a toxic dose, but did not show these signs when linoleate or oleate was added to the diet.	Linoleic Acid	222-231	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	96-101
3115303-1	1987	Substrate specificity of platelet phospholipase A2 was investigated following Ca2+-dependent hydrolysis by endogenous enzyme of linoleate- or arachidonate-labelled platelet phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	128-137	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Rattus norvegicus	25-50
2448410-5	1987	The conversion of non-radiolabeled 18:3(n-6) or 20:2(n-6) was also examined and the pattern of metabolites synthesized suggests that the preferred metabolic pathway for conversion of linoleic acid into arachidonic acid is via the classically described pathway in which a delta 6 desaturase constitutes the initial reaction.	Linoleic Acid	183-196	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	271-289
3692430-6	1987	Fatty acid binding protein from 40-week-old hypertensive rats had an elevated proportion of endogenous arachidonic acid, with other fatty acids being relatively reduced (palmitic acid 8%, stearic acid 2%, oleic acid 4%, linoleic acid 10%, arachidonic acid 76%), indicating increased arachidonic acid transport in the cytosol.	Linoleic Acid	220-233	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-26
3117544-2	1987	The aerobic reaction of purified lipoxygenase from rabbit reticulocytes with 9,12(Z,Z)-octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid) as substrate was studied.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	33-45
2820396-2	1987	Omega-6 fatty acids such as linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, precursors of prostaglandin synthesis, caused inhibition of retinoic acid binding to CRABP.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	149-154
2953447-2	1987	Administration of linoleic acid stimulated hematopoiesis as it increased spleen weight and cellularity, increased the number of bone marrow and splenic granulocytic-monocytic progenitor cells, and increased the colony stimulating factor activity in the serum of the treated mice.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	211-236
3596773-6	1987	Fatty acid binding protein from 40-week-old SHRSP had an elevated proportion of endogenous arachidonic acid, with other fatty acids being relatively reduced (palmitic acid, 8%; stearic acid, 2%; oleic acid, 4%; linoleic acid, 10%; arachidonic acid, 76%), indicating increased arachidonic acid transport in the cytosol.	Linoleic Acid	211-224	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-26
3614015-4	1987	Arachidonic acid (AA) is proposed to block the endogenous conversion of dietary linoleic acid to GLA and DGLA, which results in impared cholesterol transport to the liver and increased serum levels.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	galactosidase alpha	Homo sapiens	97-100
3116881-0	1987	Product yield in oxygenation of linoleate by soybean lipoxygenase: the value of the molar extinction coefficient in the spectrophotometric assay.	Linoleic Acid	32-41	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	53-65
3116881-1	1987	Two iodimetric methods and a gravimetric method were used to determine the spectrophotometric molar absorptivity of the purified product of lipoxygenase-catalyzed dioxygenation of linoleate (13-LS-hydroperoxy-cis,trans-9,11-octadecadienoate).	Linoleic Acid	180-189	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	140-152
3116881-4	1987	Final 235-nm absorbancies for lipoxygenase runs over a wide range of linoleic acid concentrations up to 200 microM give a constant final percentage completion.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	30-42
3116881-8	1987	Above 200 microM linoleate, yields at 235 nm decrease and yields of materials absorbing at 280 nm increase (the latter is known to arise from lipoxygenase-catalyzed reaction of linoleyl hydroperoxide).	Linoleic Acid	17-26	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	142-154
3589760-4	1987	A vegan diet (one low in arachidonic acid) might provide protection against this condition, especially if the conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid is inhibited by decreased activity of the enzyme delta-6-desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	207-225
3570505-2	1987	The levels of linoleic acid in umbilical cord serum lecithin were significantly higher in babies with high serum IgE than in those with low or non-demonstrable serum IgE.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	immunoglobulin heavy constant epsilon	Homo sapiens	113-116
2951496-8	1987	With the addition of cofactors, the acylation of 1-[3H]alkyl-GPC by both docosahexaenoate and arachidonate increased 1.5-2 times, and high amounts of palmitate, oleate, and linoleate were newly transferred.	Linoleic Acid	173-182	glycophorin C	Rattus norvegicus	61-64
3600206-5	1987	Thus, the oxidizability of linoleate is 2.03 X 10(-2) M-1/2 sec-1/2, and the value for docosahexaenoate is five times greater, 10.15 X 10(-2) M-1/2 sec-1/2.	Linoleic Acid	27-36	myoregulin	Homo sapiens	54-67
3600206-5	1987	Thus, the oxidizability of linoleate is 2.03 X 10(-2) M-1/2 sec-1/2, and the value for docosahexaenoate is five times greater, 10.15 X 10(-2) M-1/2 sec-1/2.	Linoleic Acid	27-36	myoregulin	Homo sapiens	142-155
3612314-0	1987	Effect of autoxidized linoleic acid on the contents of cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5, and drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in rat liver.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-89
3453041-7	1987	NaF, an activator of adenylate cyclase, like adrenaline, stimulated the incorporation of linoleic acid into ghost membrane phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	0-3
3598396-2	1987	During incubation with bovine lipoprotein lipase, [3H]arachidonic acid was released from chylomicron triacylglycerols at a slower rate than [14C]linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	145-158	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	30-48
3790585-8	1987	However, arachidonate levels were unchanged in kidney microsomes; renal delta 6-desaturase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid, was increased by 50% (P less than 0.001) and may have counteracted a reduced supply of exogenous lipoprotein arachidonate.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	72-90
3570505-2	1987	The levels of linoleic acid in umbilical cord serum lecithin were significantly higher in babies with high serum IgE than in those with low or non-demonstrable serum IgE.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	immunoglobulin heavy constant epsilon	Homo sapiens	166-169
3642201-5	1986	Delta-6-desaturase is the enzyme responsible for converting linoleic acid to dihomogamma-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	0-18
3430364-3	1987	The modifications induced by the amounts of dietary linoleic acid could be explained by an alteration of LCAT activity.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Sus scrofa	105-109
3026385-0	1986	A search for oxygen-centered free radicals in the lipoxygenase/linoleic acid system.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	50-62
3026385-1	1986	Studies of the oxygenation of linoleic acid by soybean lipoxygenase utilizing electron spin resonance spectroscopy and oxygen uptake have been undertaken.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	55-67
3026385-5	1986	To establish the presence of [17O2]oxygen in our incubations, a portion of the gas from the lipoxygenase/linoleate experiments was used to prepare the 4-POBN-superoxide radical adduct utilizing a superoxide producing microsomal/paraquat/NADPH system.	Linoleic Acid	105-114	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	92-104
3089792-10	1986	An impaired activity of delta-6-desaturase, the rate limiting enzyme of linoleic acid metabolism, in suggested by elevated substrate-product-ratios of this enzyme in untreated children with protein energy malnutrition and in the early phase of recovery, which may be due to low insulin levels, protein and zinc deficiency.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	24-42
3698000-4	1986	In vitro studies showed a direct relationship between non-protein bound estradiol and the concentration of linoleate, linolenate, and arachidonate both in undiluted serum and in Ringer"s solution containing human serum albumin (45 g/liter).	Linoleic Acid	107-116	albumin	Homo sapiens	213-226
3731106-2	1986	Unsaturated free fatty acids (oleate, linoleate, linolenate, palmitoleate, myristoleate, and arachidonate) inhibited metabolic cooperation between 6-thioguanine-resistant, hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase-deficient and 6-thioguanine-sensitive, hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase-proficient V79 cells.	Linoleic Acid	38-47	hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase	Cricetulus griseus	172-218
3004710-4	1986	Growth response to prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, cortisol, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) was determined by culturing the cells within collagen gel and using a serum-free medium base of DME/F12 (1:1) with insulin, linoleic acid, and BSA.	Linoleic Acid	223-236	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-97
3089792-10	1986	An impaired activity of delta-6-desaturase, the rate limiting enzyme of linoleic acid metabolism, in suggested by elevated substrate-product-ratios of this enzyme in untreated children with protein energy malnutrition and in the early phase of recovery, which may be due to low insulin levels, protein and zinc deficiency.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	insulin	Homo sapiens	278-285
3934168-2	1985	In this study we demonstrate that LOX is a 13-hydroxylinoleic acid (13-OH-18:2) derived from linoleic acid and identical to 13-hydroxy-9-cis,11-trans-octadecadienoic acid, as measured by both reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	34-37
3016558-0	1986	Inhibition of human colonic (Na+ + K+)-ATPase by arachidonic and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	39-45
3016558-4	1986	Both arachidonic and linoleic acid inhibited (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity (IC50 arachidonic acid: 7.5 X 10(-5) mol/l, linoleic acid: 6.5 X 10(-5) mol/l) and Mg2+-ATPase activity (IC50 arachidonic acid: 9 X 10(-5) mol/l, linoleic acid: 4 X 10(-5) mol/l).	Linoleic Acid	21-34	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	56-62
3016558-4	1986	Both arachidonic and linoleic acid inhibited (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity (IC50 arachidonic acid: 7.5 X 10(-5) mol/l, linoleic acid: 6.5 X 10(-5) mol/l) and Mg2+-ATPase activity (IC50 arachidonic acid: 9 X 10(-5) mol/l, linoleic acid: 4 X 10(-5) mol/l).	Linoleic Acid	21-34	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	160-166
3016558-4	1986	Both arachidonic and linoleic acid inhibited (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity (IC50 arachidonic acid: 7.5 X 10(-5) mol/l, linoleic acid: 6.5 X 10(-5) mol/l) and Mg2+-ATPase activity (IC50 arachidonic acid: 9 X 10(-5) mol/l, linoleic acid: 4 X 10(-5) mol/l).	Linoleic Acid	116-129	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	56-62
3016558-4	1986	Both arachidonic and linoleic acid inhibited (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity (IC50 arachidonic acid: 7.5 X 10(-5) mol/l, linoleic acid: 6.5 X 10(-5) mol/l) and Mg2+-ATPase activity (IC50 arachidonic acid: 9 X 10(-5) mol/l, linoleic acid: 4 X 10(-5) mol/l).	Linoleic Acid	116-129	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	56-62
3016558-7	1986	These results indicate that human colonic (Na+ + K+)-ATPase is inhibited by the prostanoid precursors, arachidonic and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	119-132	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	53-59
3086939-1	1986	Novel isoquinoline alkaloids were evaluated for their effect on the kinetics of a soybean lipoxygenase type I using linoleic acid as substrate.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	90-102
3080416-1	1986	The oxidation of linoleic acid catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase isozymes was accompanied by 1268 nm chemiluminescence characteristic of singlet oxygen.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	52-64
3932343-4	1985	The major fatty acids bound to IRBP are: palmitic (35%), stearic (21%), palmitoleic (7%), oleic (29%), linoleic (6%) and docosahexaenoic acids (2%).	Linoleic Acid	103-111	retinol binding protein 3	Homo sapiens	31-35
3927984-2	1985	This unique acyltransferase is selective for fatty acids, thus far tested, that are substrates for cyclooxygenase or lipoxygenase (i.e., arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, linoleic and dihomo-gamma-linoleic acids) or which reverse the symptoms of essential fatty acid deficiency (columbinic acid).	Linoleic Acid	168-176	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	99-129
4067666-6	1985	Unsaturated fatty acids, however, were shown to be suppressive and polyunsaturated fatty acid such as linoleic and linolenic acids more effective than oleic acid in suppressing liver ACMSD activity.	Linoleic Acid	102-110	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	183-188
3924113-4	1985	Thrombin causes an increase in the levels of free, endogenous palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids of up to 10 nmol/10(9) platelets.	Linoleic Acid	88-96	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	0-8
3894312-8	1985	Subsequent experiments indicated that fusion could be induced by lower serum concentration or by removal of FGF, as long as linoleic acid was present in the medium.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	fibroblast growth factor 10	Gallus gallus	108-111
2993283-6	1985	Mitoxantrone and ametantrone inhibited NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase- and xanthine oxidase-catalyzed conjugated diene formation from linoleic acid in a concentration-dependent manner with half-maximal inhibition achieved at approximately 0.5 microM anthracenedione.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	39-72
3920219-1	1985	The cytosolic fraction of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes precipitated with 60% ammonium sulfate produced 5-lipoxygenase products from [14C]arachidonic acid and omega-6 lipoxygenase products from both [14C]linoleic acid and, to a lesser extent, [14C]- and [3H]arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	209-222	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	109-123
4010485-8	1985	Both delta5 -and delta6 -desaturase activities were significantly increased in groups without linoleic acid supplementation.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	17-35
2990543-1	1985	Micromolar concentrations of N-octylhydroxylamine dramatically increase the induction period in the conversion of linoleic acid to 13(S)-hydroperoxy-cis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoic acid (13-HPOD) catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase 1.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	216-230
2985102-0	1985	The effect of dietary supplementation with linoleic and gammalinolenic acids on the pressor response to angiotensin II--a possible role in pregnancy-induced hypertension?	Linoleic Acid	43-51	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	104-118
6488154-6	1984	The induction of ornithine decarboxylase occurred over a similar concentration range 3 hr after instillation of oxidized linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	121-134	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-40
3918571-4	1985	Fatty acid competition studies using EL4 microsomes demonstrate that [14C]palmitoyl-CoA synthesis (Km = 13 +/- 1 microM, Vmax = 7 +/- 1 nmol/mg per min) is inhibited by unlabeled palmitate, oleate, linoleate or linolenate (Ki = 15-25 microM) and weakly by arachidonate (Ki greater than 100 microM).	Linoleic Acid	198-207	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	37-40
3905651-2	1985	Furthermore, the abnormal fatty acid composition of the white adipose tissue of obese mice (higher proportion of palmitoleic acid and lower proportion of linoleic acid compared with lean) normalizes on transplantation into a "lean" environment.	Linoleic Acid	154-167	WD and tetratricopeptide repeats 1	Mus musculus	62-69
3158002-9	1985	Platelets pretreated with linoleic acid produced increased amounts of all PGs (PGF2 alpha, PGE2, PGD2), and this effect was greatest for PGE2 which increased by 5-6 fold of control values.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	97-101
3933493-1	1985	The oxygenation of concentrated emulsions (about 260 microM) of arachidonic acid or linoleic acid catalyzed by the purified lipoxygenase from rabbit reticulocytes is strongly stimulated in the presence of low concentrations of beef heart submitochondrial particles or other membrane preparations.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	124-136
3936491-5	1985	The assay for pea lipoxygenase has been optimized by using a final concentration of 0.53 mM potassium linoleate in the presence or absence of 0.2% sodium cholate.	Linoleic Acid	92-111	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	18-30
3936491-12	1985	In contrast to the lipoxygenase from soybeans, wheat and rabbit reticulocytes the pea lipoxygenase caused a co-oxidation of Cu-chlorophyllin in the presence of linoleate at 5 degrees C. The co-oxidation was completely inhibited by 1 mM BHT which did not inhibit the dioxygenation of linoleate at this temperature.	Linoleic Acid	160-169	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	86-98
3936491-12	1985	In contrast to the lipoxygenase from soybeans, wheat and rabbit reticulocytes the pea lipoxygenase caused a co-oxidation of Cu-chlorophyllin in the presence of linoleate at 5 degrees C. The co-oxidation was completely inhibited by 1 mM BHT which did not inhibit the dioxygenation of linoleate at this temperature.	Linoleic Acid	283-292	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	86-98
4092816-3	1985	In contrast to rat tissues, the human placental blood vessel PLA2 showed a selective preference for arachidonate over linoleate acyl group at the sn-2 position of phosphatidylcholine.	Linoleic Acid	118-127	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	61-65
6434535-10	1984	Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography using synthetic 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acyl-GPC standards indicated there is a time-dependent loss of arachidonate from the 2 position of the labeled 1-O-hexadecyl-2-arachidonoyl-GPC followed by reacylation by other fatty acids (primarily linoleic and oleic).	Linoleic Acid	283-291	glycophorin C (Gerbich blood group)	Homo sapiens	88-91
6518109-3	1984	CCl4 was seen to increase in the liver and in the muscle the docosahexaenoic acid; the dietetic alpha-linolenic acid inhibits, in muscle, lungs and pancreas, the conversion of linoleic in arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	176-184	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
6433987-4	1984	Relative to the lipoxygenase activity with linoleic acid as substrate, soybean lipoxygenase is 4-times as effective in pentane formation as the lipoxygenases from reticulocytes or green pea seeds.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	79-91
6746652-1	1984	The relative degradation of the various molecular species of [3H]phosphatidylcholine in response to thrombin was studied in human platelets following prelabeling with [3H]glycerol and compared to results obtained following labeling with [14C]oleic, [14C]linoleic, or [14C]arachidonic acids.	Linoleic Acid	254-262	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	100-108
6433987-7	1984	During the anaerobic reaction of both reticulocyte and soybean lipoxygenase C18-oxodienes, C13-oxodienes, linoleic acid dimers and a polar compound proposed to be epoxy-hydroxyoctadecenoic acid are produced in a similar pattern.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	63-75
6234313-10	1984	3) Linoleic acid, which stimulates the activity of the enzyme to the same levels obtained with calmodulin, greatly accelerates the rate of trypsin proteolysis, causing the virtual disappearance of all polypeptides in the 90-76-kDa region.	Linoleic Acid	3-16	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	95-105
6330088-5	1984	The extent of linoleate binding to the saturable component correlated strongly with the amount of O-2 released (r = 0.96).	Linoleic Acid	14-23	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	98-101
6525977-2	1984	At early stages of carcinogenesis the preparations containing oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids prevent changes in the cytochrome P-450 content usually observed in case of nitrosodiethylamine introduction.	Linoleic Acid	69-77	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	123-139
6426317-6	1984	And second, alpha-linolenic acid, which cannot be converted to arachidonic acid, and linoleic acid, but not saturated fatty acids of equal chain length, stimulated 45Ca efflux and prolactin secretion.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	180-189
6708756-3	1984	The light-dark period in animals feeding on a complete diet motivates a feeding rhythm that causes changes in linoleic and arachidonic acids in the whole liver and microsomes that are related to delta 6 and delta 5 desaturase activities.	Linoleic Acid	110-118	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	195-225
6708756-5	1984	Linoleic acid intake during the dark periods (complete diet feeding) caused a decrease of delta 6 desaturase activity and the activation of delta 5 desaturation that led to an increase of arachidonic acid biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	90-108
6424722-2	1984	The effect of methylmercuric iodide modification of sulfhydryl groups in soybean lipoxygenase-1 on linoleate oxidation, carbonyl production and beta-carotene and chlorophyll alpha bleaching were determined under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.	Linoleic Acid	99-108	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	81-95
6427320-2	1984	The addition of picomole levels of either linoleic or arachidonic acids to reaction systems containing 0.04 mM luminol and 40 micrograms/ml of purified soybean lipoxygenase-1 gave light emission curves with a single sharp maximum.	Linoleic Acid	42-50	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	160-172
6433681-1	1984	The results obtained in the biotransformation studies demonstrate that lipoxygenase and PG-cyclo-oxygenase reactions represent major pathways in the metabolism of both arachidonic and linoleic acid in rabbit peritoneal tissue.	Linoleic Acid	184-197	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	71-83
6433681-2	1984	Although the physiological significance of the hydroxy derivatives of arachidonic acid and linoleic acid is still unclear, it is tempting to assume that in tissues containing lipoxygenase activity, some of the effects ascribed to hydroxy arachidonates and their hydroperoxy precursors, e.g. inhibition of leukotriene and of PGI2 biosynthesis (16, 17) could for a great part be invoked by linoleic acid derivatives, as these products can be formed in larger quantities than the corresponding arachidonate derivatives.	Linoleic Acid	388-401	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	175-187
6315886-6	1984	Theophylline, adenosine deaminase, and 2"-deoxyadenosine antagonized the effect of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	adenosine deaminase	Cavia porcellus	14-33
6421635-6	1984	DL-alpha-Tocopherol acetate at a concentration of 3 X 10(-3) M inhibited 80% of linoleate oxidation by soybean lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	80-89	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	111-123
6315886-8	1984	When linoleic acid-treated slices were washed with Krebs-Ringer containing defatted bovine serum albumin, both enhancement of the response to norepinephrine and the amount of [14C]linoleic acid incorporated in a free form significantly diminished.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	albumin	Cavia porcellus	91-104
6315886-8	1984	When linoleic acid-treated slices were washed with Krebs-Ringer containing defatted bovine serum albumin, both enhancement of the response to norepinephrine and the amount of [14C]linoleic acid incorporated in a free form significantly diminished.	Linoleic Acid	180-193	albumin	Cavia porcellus	91-104
6418998-3	1983	The addition of the cis-omega 6 acids, linoleic, gamma-linolenic or arachidonic to the diet produces an increase of eicosatrienoic acid desaturation, shifting delta 5 desaturase activity towards the controls on a balanced diet.	Linoleic Acid	39-47	fatty acid desaturase 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-177
6230269-6	1983	The present results indicate that beta-TG in IDDs can be markedly improved by all dietary and therapeutic measures which lower plasma lipids and increase the percentage of the linoleic acid in the body.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	pro-platelet basic protein	Homo sapiens	34-41
6841360-4	1983	The purified phospholipase A2 preferentially hydrolyzed phosphatidylethanolamine, especially if it contained linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	13-29
6686276-5	1983	The tissue contents of FAS, ME and CCE, measured by rocket immunoelectrophoresis, were found to be significantly reduced in liver by linoleate, linolenate and columbinate but were not significantly altered in mammary gland.	Linoleic Acid	133-142	ATP citrate lyase	Mus musculus	35-38
6413205-3	1983	Linoleic acid was peroxidized with lipoxygenase and then used as a substrate in the glutathione peroxidase reaction.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	35-47
6412709-7	1983	Two members of this new family of fatty acids (5 and 6) were found to inhibit the catalysis of the oxygenation of linoleic acid by soybean type-1 lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	146-158
6312241-7	1983	Aging, sex, diabetes mellitus, alcohol, catecholamines and trans fatty acids and saturated fats can all modulate the delta-6-desaturase enzyme which converts linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	158-171	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	117-135
6833274-1	1983	The reaction of perhydroxyl radical (HO2) with linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids has been studied in aqueous ethanolic solutions by the stopped flow technique.	Linoleic Acid	47-55	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	37-40
6405661-5	1983	During a 15-min incubation, all CEH were capable of hydrolyzing nearly 100% of cholesteryl oleate and linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	102-111	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
6651782-6	1983	Furthermore, ACAT activity in cells grown with linoleic acid was higher, both before and after the addition of LDL, than that of cells grown in normal medium or with palmitate.	Linoleic Acid	47-60	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
6422928-3	1983	Lipoxygenase activity with linoleic acid as substrate and the immunologically detectable amount of lipoxygenase protein were estimated in the course of in vitro maturation of rabbit reticulocytes withdrawn at the sixth day of an experimental bleeding anaemia.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-12
6673505-4	1983	The activities of delta 6 and delta 5 desaturases, that are relevant enzymes involved in linoleic acid conversion into arachidonic acid, were decreased in both liver and testes.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	18-49
6851485-6	1983	The proportions of linoleic (C18:2, eta-6) and docosahexaenoic (C22:6, eta-3) acid are significantly higher in the ventricles than in the atria; the proportions of oleic (C18:1, eta-9) arachidonic (C20:4, eta-6) and docosatetraenoic acids (22:4, eta-6) are higher in atria.	Linoleic Acid	19-27	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
16662392-1	1982	O(2) uptake by tissue extracts in the presence of linoleic acid is generally ascribed to lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	89-101
6851485-10	1983	However, the ratios of arachidonic to docosahexaenoic acid in both tissues are changed by decreasing the intake of linoleic acid, which apparently favours the conversion of dietary linolenic (C18:3, eta-3) to docosahexaenoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	175-178
6961441-4	1982	Linoleate also is able to restore PGE2 synthesis, indicating that deficient cells contain both the rate-limiting delta 6 desaturase enzyme and the delta 5 desaturase enzyme, which are required to form arachidonate.	Linoleic Acid	0-9	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	147-165
6961468-2	1982	This suggests that atopics have a deficit in the function of the delta-6-desaturase enzyme which converts linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	65-83
6819602-3	1982	The linoleic acid supplemented platelets released, on average, 50% less thromboxane A2 in response to stimulation with thrombin than corresponding control platelets.	Linoleic Acid	4-17	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	119-127
6819602-5	1982	The inhibition of thrombin-stimulated thromboxane A2 release was dependent on the time and temperature of incubation, as well as on the concentration of added linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	159-172	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	18-26
6819602-8	1982	Linoleic acid was released exclusively from the inositol phosphoglycerides when the enriched platelets were stimulated with thrombin.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	124-132
6814493-0	1982	Characterization of monohydroxylated lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic and linoleic acid in rabbit peritoneal tissue.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	37-49
7181859-8	1982	The increased linoleate and decreased arachidonate levels may be due to the diminished delta 6 desaturase activity, the rate-controlling step in the conversion of linoleate into arachidonate.	Linoleic Acid	14-23	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	87-105
7181859-8	1982	The increased linoleate and decreased arachidonate levels may be due to the diminished delta 6 desaturase activity, the rate-controlling step in the conversion of linoleate into arachidonate.	Linoleic Acid	163-172	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	87-105
16662418-2	1982	These mitochondria also possessed lipoxygenase activity, as determined by O(2) uptake in the presence of 4 millimolar linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	118-131	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	34-46
6217837-4	1982	The inhibition by linoleic acid on Golgi membrane galactosyltransferase appears to be a direct effect of the reagent on the enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	glycoprotein alpha-galactosyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-71
7123414-2	1982	This appears to be due to the lack of the enzyme delta-6-desaturase which converts the essential fatty acid, linoleic acid, to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), from which PGE1 is then synthesized.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	49-67
6813118-2	1982	The self-inactivation of lipoxygenase from rabbit reticulocytes with linoleic acid at 37 degrees C is caused by the product 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	25-37
6813118-5	1982	Lipohydroperoxidase activity was demonstrated with 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid plus linoleic acid as hydrogen donor under anaerobic conditions at 2 degrees C. The products were 13-hydroxylinoleic acid, oxodienes and compounds of non-diene structure similar to those produced by soybean lipoxygenase-1.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	286-298
6951178-6	1982	The suppression of linoleate metabolites was largely due to decreased delta 5 and delta 6 desaturase activities.	Linoleic Acid	19-28	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	82-100
6799988-1	1981	Supplementation of growing MDCK canine kidney tubular epithelial cultures with linoleic acid produced a 3.6- to 4.9-fold increase in bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 release as measured by radioimmunoassay.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	133-143
7113555-0	1982	Effect of linoleic acid-rich diet on blood pressure, lipids, catecholamines, and dopamine -beta-hydroxylase in spontaneously hypertensive rats.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	81-107
6798993-1	1981	Lipoxygenases-1 and -2 isolated from soybeans were incubated with linoleic acid in the presence of a mixture of 16O2 and 18O2.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	0-22
7306034-2	1981	In the plasma membranes and mitochondria, but not in microsomal fractions, Ca2+ ions stimulate the activity of phospholipase A2, yielding selective release of arachidonic acid and linoleic acid and concomitant increase in prostaglandin E2 formation.	Linoleic Acid	180-193	phospholipase A2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	111-127
6788761-4	1981	Kinetic measurements established Ki = 1.5 X 10(-3) M for dodecanoic acid (lauric acid) inhibition of lipoxygenase when the substrate is linoleic acid (Km = 2.6 X 10(-5) M).	Linoleic Acid	136-149	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	101-113
7241575-7	1981	Exogenous oleic and linoleic acid, at intramembrane concentrations equal to those produced by phospholipase A2, inhibit lactate and arabinose transfer, while accelerating oxalate and erythritol movements, in agreement with effects of endogenous fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	94-110
16661801-4	1981	These mitochondria also possessed lipoxygenase activity, as determined by O(2) uptake in the presence of 0.8 millimolar linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	120-133	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	34-46
7284500-2	1981	The feeding of the PUFA diet resulted in significantly higher proportions of linoleic acid in the plasma lipids of the ewes and both linoleic and arachidonic acids in the plasma lipids of the lambs.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	PUFA	Ovis aries	19-23
6260216-2	1981	The interaction of soybean lipoxygenase-1 with 13-Ls-hydroperoxy-9-cis,11-trans-octadecadienoic acid, the product of the enzymic dioxygenation of linoleic acid, results in the formation of either a yellow or a purple coloured enzyme form depending on the amount of product used.	Linoleic Acid	146-159	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	27-41
7284500-5	1981	In particular, the proportions of linoleic and arachidonic acids were higher in the erythrocyte phospholipids from PUFA lambs compared with those from control lambs.	Linoleic Acid	34-42	PUFA	Ovis aries	115-119
7353023-9	1980	Radioactive linoleic and arachidonic acids were incorporated predominantly into the C-1 position of diacylglycerol, whereas the majority of the formed phospholipids was of 2-linoleoyl or 2-arachidonoyl species.	Linoleic Acid	12-20	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	84-87
6775354-12	1980	The second pathway involves the formation of monohydroxy C-18 fatty acids from linoleic acid via lipoxygenase-like reactions.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	57-61
6767738-2	1980	As compared to control cells, those enriched with linoleic acid released 60--75% less PGI2 in response to thrombin or the calcium ionophore A23187.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	106-114
6767738-7	1980	When the fatty acid composition of the cells enriched with linoleic acid was allowed to revert, there was a progressive increase in the capacity of the cells to release PGI2 in response to thrombin.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	189-197
7386309-1	1980	Linoleic acid was incorporated into platelet phospholipids and then released after activation of phospholipase A2 (PL-A2) with thrombin or ionophore A23187.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	97-113
7386309-1	1980	Linoleic acid was incorporated into platelet phospholipids and then released after activation of phospholipase A2 (PL-A2) with thrombin or ionophore A23187.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	115-120
7386309-1	1980	Linoleic acid was incorporated into platelet phospholipids and then released after activation of phospholipase A2 (PL-A2) with thrombin or ionophore A23187.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	127-135
7386309-3	1980	This observation strongly suggests that incorporation of linoleic acid in platelet phospholipids might inhibit platelet PL-A2 and might explain the anti-aggregating effect of linoelic acid.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	120-125
7386309-4	1980	In fact it has also been shown that linoleic acid inhibits PL-A2 activity at concentrations which antagonize platelet aggregation.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	59-64
6775354-5	1980	The conversion of linoleic acid to monohydroxy C-18 fatty acids varied from 40-80% 9-HODD and 20-60% 13-HODD in tumor tissue harvested from different animals.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	47-51
6775354-6	1980	The quantity of monohydroxy C-18 fatty acids biosynthesized by VX2 carcinoma tissue from endogenous linoleic acid equals or exceeds that of prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis from endogenous arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	28-32
6251348-4	1980	It has been known since 1975 that transformed cells cannot make PGE1 because of loss of the delta-6-desaturase enzyme which converts linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	133-146	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	92-110
6153705-2	1980	Linoleic acid as an index of impaired blood-CSF barrier.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
7445991-7	1980	It is furthermore suggested that variations in the utilization of linoleic acid in cholesterol esters (expressed as cholesterol ester 18:2/lecithin 18:2) might reflect changes in plasma cholesterol esterification by the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol-acyl-transferase (LCAT).	Linoleic Acid	66-79	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	227-264
7445991-7	1980	It is furthermore suggested that variations in the utilization of linoleic acid in cholesterol esters (expressed as cholesterol ester 18:2/lecithin 18:2) might reflect changes in plasma cholesterol esterification by the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol-acyl-transferase (LCAT).	Linoleic Acid	66-79	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	266-270
6153705-6	1980	The high CSF concentration of cholesterol esters rich in linoleic acid, which are abundant in serum but represent only traces in CNS lipids, points towards an impaired BBB function as the cause of CSF linoleic increase.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	9-12
6153705-6	1980	The high CSF concentration of cholesterol esters rich in linoleic acid, which are abundant in serum but represent only traces in CNS lipids, points towards an impaired BBB function as the cause of CSF linoleic increase.	Linoleic Acid	57-65	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	9-12
6153705-8	1980	On the basis of these results it can be assumed that changes in CSF linoleic acid content are an expression of dysfunction of the blood-CSF barrier in MS and not, as had previously been postulated, the result of altered myelin metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	64-67
6153705-3	1980	The absolute linoleic acid concentration in CSF was determined and the findings of MS patients (n = 10) and controls (n = 12) were compared.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
6153705-8	1980	On the basis of these results it can be assumed that changes in CSF linoleic acid content are an expression of dysfunction of the blood-CSF barrier in MS and not, as had previously been postulated, the result of altered myelin metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	136-139
6153705-4	1980	The linoleic acid content of control CSF (1.6 +/- 0.8 nMol/ml) is considerably lower than the corresponding serum value (2.5--4.1 muMol/ml).	Linoleic Acid	4-17	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	37-40
6153705-5	1980	Although CSF from MS patients contains a significantly higher linoleic acid concentration than controls the close correlation between CSF linoleic acid and CSF albumin is maintained.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	9-12
6153705-5	1980	Although CSF from MS patients contains a significantly higher linoleic acid concentration than controls the close correlation between CSF linoleic acid and CSF albumin is maintained.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	134-137
6767147-1	1980	Incubation of linoleic acid with partially purified lipoxygenase from rice germ yielded a ratio of 9- to 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic acid of 97:3 as measured by high performance liquid chromatography.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	52-64
6153705-5	1980	Although CSF from MS patients contains a significantly higher linoleic acid concentration than controls the close correlation between CSF linoleic acid and CSF albumin is maintained.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	134-137
479121-1	1979	The oligomers of bovine serum albumin were produced by controlled reaction with peroxidizing linoleic acid to examine their possible utility as calibration proteins insodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.	Linoleic Acid	93-106	albumin	Homo sapiens	24-37
6767147-1	1980	Incubation of linoleic acid with partially purified lipoxygenase from rice germ yielded a ratio of 9- to 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic acid of 97:3 as measured by high performance liquid chromatography.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	52-64
518742-6	1979	An inverse relationship between plasma cholesteryl ester (PCE) linoleic acid proportion and molar LCAT rate in women was also explained by influences of obesity on the data.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	98-102
117839-3	1979	Oxygenation of linoleic acid and co-oxidation of canthaxanthine by type II lipoxygenase is stimulated by 13-hydroperoxy-cis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoic acid but not by 13-hydroxy-cis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoic acid or 9-hydroperoxy-trans-10,cis-12-octadecadienoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	75-87
518566-7	1979	As both arachidonic acid and linoleic acid are predominantly found in the 2-position of the glycerol moiety of phospholipids, the stimulation by these cations of prostaglandin E2 formation appears to be mediated via stimulation of phospholipase A2 activity.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	phospholipase A2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	231-247
437377-5	1979	Both the delta 6 and delta 9 desaturase defects (linoleic acid and stearoyl-CoA desaturation) required similar amounts of insulin and periods of time for correction, although these are different enzymes.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	9-39
110351-3	1979	However, the same cells have normal capacities to introduce double bonds at C-6 into linoleate, alpha-linolenate, or cis-vaccenate.	Linoleic Acid	85-94	complement C6	Homo sapiens	76-79
566221-3	1978	The significant positive correlation for vegetable fat could not always be explained by the effects of total unsaturated components; individual unsaturated components, such as oleic or linoleic fatty acids; or the saturated component; but could be explained by the trans fatty acid component.	Linoleic Acid	185-205	FAT atypical cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
729581-3	1978	cis-4-Decenoyl-CoA, an intermediate of linoleic acid catabolism, is degraded by a soluble enzyme fraction of beef liver mitochondria to octanoyl-CoA.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	suppressor of cytokine signaling 6	Homo sapiens	0-5
16660540-6	1978	The initial burst of respiration is enhanced by the addition of linoleic acid, a lipoxygenase substrate.	Linoleic Acid	64-77	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	81-93
920454-1	1977	Rat liver microsomes contain a delta 6 desaturase that is active not only with the unsaturated acids of 18 carbons: oleic, linoleic and alpha-linolenic but also with similar acids of 20 carbons with the double bonds in delta 9, 12 and delta 12, 15.	Linoleic Acid	123-131	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	31-49
665762-3	1978	Capric, lauric, palmitoleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids each inhibited the rate of angiotensin I production in vitro (P less than 0.01).	Linoleic Acid	29-37	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	88-101
665762-7	1978	However, the pressor response to renin after linoleic acid (18 +/- 3) was less (P less than 0.00)) than that before (102 +/- 13).	Linoleic Acid	45-58	renin	Homo sapiens	33-38
665762-9	1978	Linoleic acid also inhibits the in vivo pressor response to renin.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	renin	Homo sapiens	60-65
742304-6	1978	The renin activities in the kidney and plasma were increased by a linoleic acid free diet and decreased by indomethacin treatment.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	renin	Rattus norvegicus	4-9
416954-7	1978	The activity of microsomal NADPH cytochrome c reductase and microsomal cytochrome P-450 contents were decreased by the higher dose of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	134-147	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	71-87
413278-1	1977	Lipoxygenase isoenzymes L-1 (optimum pH 9.0) and L-2 (pH 6.5) were incubated with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	24-27
413278-1	1977	Lipoxygenase isoenzymes L-1 (optimum pH 9.0) and L-2 (pH 6.5) were incubated with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	immunoglobulin kappa variable 3-15	Homo sapiens	49-52
20630-1	1977	Guanylate cyclase [GTP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.2] activity of human platelet homogenates was stimulated by the addition of phospholipase A2 or unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic, vaccenic, linoleic, linolenic, eicosenoic, eicosadienoic, and arachidonic acids.	Linoleic Acid	210-218	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	141-157
15177-0	1977	Involvement of cytochrome b5 in the oxidative desaturation of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid in rat liver microsomes.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	cytochrome b5 type A	Rattus norvegicus	15-28
15177-4	1977	This evidence supports a participation of cytochrome b5 in the delta6-desaturation of linoleic acid and suggests a pathway analogous to the delta9-desaturation of stearyl-CoA.	Linoleic Acid	86-99	cytochrome b5 type A	Rattus norvegicus	42-55
403382-0	1977	A simple method for the preparation of pure 9-D-hydroperoxide of linoleic acid and methyl linoleate based on the positional specificity of lipoxygenase in tomato fruit.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase A	Solanum lycopersicum	139-151
23314-0	1978	The control of stearoyl-CoA desaturase by dietary linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	15-38
24408196-9	1978	The estimated turn over numbers are 8,200 mol linoleate per mol enzyme and min for L-1 and 3,100 for L-2.	Linoleic Acid	46-55	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-2	Glycine max	101-104
599203-5	1977	Milk from untreated cows fed barley silage contained a higher proportion of linoleic acid than that from treated cows or from those on oat silage.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
18647-7	1977	From the data presented, the magnitude of the controlling effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on fatty acid synthetase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity is determined and its relevance to lipogenesis in man based on daily intake of carbohydrate and linoleic acid is discussed.	Linoleic Acid	254-267	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	125-148
559013-5	1977	Linoleic acid of milk fat was twice normal, providing a polyunsaturated milk.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	17-21
559013-5	1977	Linoleic acid of milk fat was twice normal, providing a polyunsaturated milk.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	72-76
822867-1	1976	The oxygenation of linoleate and arachidonate catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase is subject to competitive product inhibition.	Linoleic Acid	19-28	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	67-79
952983-8	1976	The increase of the V of linoleic acid desaturation is considered to be evoked by an increased level of active delta-6 desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	111-129
55489-9	1976	In correlation with the principle of the MEM-LAD test the suppressive action of linoleic acid can result in a further therapeutic concept.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	45-48
812552-1	1975	Lipoxygenase-1 from soybeans is incubated with an isomer of linoleic acid, 13-cis, 16-cis-octadecadienoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	0-14
129545-4	1976	Feeding rats diets containing 8% linoleic acid (as triglycerides) prevented the increase in G6PD and ME activities upon starvation-refeeding, diets with oleic, palmitic, and stearic acis when fed did not prevent this increase.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	92-96
129545-5	1976	Feeding rats various combinations of linoleic, linolenic and oleic acids following starvation prevented the additional increase in G6PD and ME activities after a second starvation-refeeding cycle; however, linoleic acid fed alone during the first refeeding prevented the additional increase in ME activity but not in G6PD activity.	Linoleic Acid	37-45	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
129545-5	1976	Feeding rats various combinations of linoleic, linolenic and oleic acids following starvation prevented the additional increase in G6PD and ME activities after a second starvation-refeeding cycle; however, linoleic acid fed alone during the first refeeding prevented the additional increase in ME activity but not in G6PD activity.	Linoleic Acid	37-45	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	317-321
129545-5	1976	Feeding rats various combinations of linoleic, linolenic and oleic acids following starvation prevented the additional increase in G6PD and ME activities after a second starvation-refeeding cycle; however, linoleic acid fed alone during the first refeeding prevented the additional increase in ME activity but not in G6PD activity.	Linoleic Acid	206-219	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	317-321
812703-0	1976	The steady-state kinetics of the oxygenation of linoleic acid catalysed by soybean lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	83-95
812703-1	1976	The steady-state kinetics of the oxygenation of linoleic acid catalysed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 were studied.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	83-97
812703-2	1976	The results showed that lipoxygenase-1 is strongly inhibited by its substrate, linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	24-38
823735-1	1976	A partially purified soybean lipoxygenase (L-3) was incubated for 15 min at pH 6.5 with linoleic acid and oxygen.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	29-41
823735-1	1976	A partially purified soybean lipoxygenase (L-3) was incubated for 15 min at pH 6.5 with linoleic acid and oxygen.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	43-46
823735-6	1976	L-3 peroxidises linoleic acid to 13L:13D:9L:9D-hydroperoxides in the proportions 43:11:21:25.	Linoleic Acid	16-29	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	0-3
814001-1	1976	The interaction of soybean lipoxygenase-1 with 13-L-hydroperoxy-9-cis, 11-trans-octadecadienoic acid (13-hydroperoxy-linoleate), the product of the enzymic dioxygenation of linoleic acid,  yields either a yellow or a purple-coloured enzyme species depending on the amount of product used.	Linoleic Acid	173-186	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	27-41
807258-0	1975	Changes in the fluorescence and absorbance of lipoxygenase-1 induced by 13-Ls-hydroperoxylinoleic acid and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	46-60
1160519-5	1975	A crude wheat germ extract containing both lipoxygenase and isomerase enzymes reacted with linoleic acid to yield alpha-ketols, gamma-ketols, and a substitution product, the linoleoyloxy ester of alpha-ketol.	Linoleic Acid	91-104	LOC543232	Triticum aestivum	43-55
27521073-1	1975	A mixture of positional isomers of linoleic acid hydroperoxide was produced from the oxidation of linoleic acid by lipoxygenase from corn or soybean.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase4	Zea mays	115-127
27521073-2	1975	Chromatography on a column of silicic acid separated 13-hydroperoxy-11,9-octadecadienoic acid in 99+% purity from the mixture obtained by soybean lipoxygenase oxidation of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	172-185	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	146-158
50420-3	1975	On investigating the specific activity of the enzyme with various molecular species of phosphatidylcholine and -ethanolamine, labelled at the 1 position with different radioactive fatty acids, we found that the phospholipase A1 preferentially removed those fatty acids from the 1 position of phosphatidylcholines that have the fewest double bonds, while oleic and linoleic acid were released at almost similar rates from phosphatidylethanolamine.	Linoleic Acid	364-377	lipase H	Homo sapiens	211-227
1120775-1	1975	Conversion of 14C-labeled linoleic acid to dihomo-gamma-linolenic and arachidonic acids, precursors of the PG1 and PG2 series of prostaglandins, was examined in a number of mammalian cell lines in tissue culture.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	delta like non-canonical Notch ligand 1	Homo sapiens	115-118
164225-2	1975	The EPR spectrum at 15 degrees K of soybean lipoxygenase-1 in borate buffer pH 9.0 has been studied in relation to the presence of substrate (linoleic acid), product (13-L-hydroperoxylinoleic acid) and oxygen.	Linoleic Acid	142-155	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	44-58
1083209-2	1975	Hydrolysis of the trilinolein to free linoleic acid occurs almost wholly in the cell-free supernatant; the liberated linoleic acid in the supernatant can be rapidly adsorbed onto food particles where it is hydrogenated to stearic acid via the C18 trans-11 monoene.	Linoleic Acid	117-130	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	243-246
6640-0	1975	Lysozyme damage caused by secondary degradation products during the autoxidation process of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	0-8
233889-2	1975	Prior studies on the relative irritancy of free fatty acids revealed the saturated C8 to C14 fatty acids and a C18 dienoic unsaturated fatty acid (linoleic) to be most irritating.	Linoleic Acid	147-155	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	111-114
4339341-3	1972	The linoleate-poor or deficient diets-hydrogenated fat and fat-free diets-gave almost identical levels and trends with respect to the concentration of the (n - 9) and (n - 7) series of acids.	Linoleic Acid	4-13	FAT atypical cadherin 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-54
4658996-6	1972	A precursor of the unsaturated ether derivative is 9-d-hydroperoxyoctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid, formed by the action of S. tuberosum lipoxygenase on linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	148-161	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	132-144
4447625-12	1974	The increased proportion of linoleic acid in phosphatidylcholine after phenobarbitone injection occurs simultaneously with the increase of cytochrome P-450 concentration, the rate of oxidative demethylation of aminopyrine and the rate of hydroxylation of biphenyl.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	139-155
4209994-0	1974	The enzymic and non-enzymic degradation of colneleic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid ether intermediate in the lipoxygenase pathway of linoleic acid oxidation in potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers.	Linoleic Acid	135-148	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	111-123
4209994-1	1974	Colneleic acid is an unsaturated ether fatty acid derived from linoleic acid via a lipoxygenase-mediated enzyme pathway.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	83-95
4339341-3	1972	The linoleate-poor or deficient diets-hydrogenated fat and fat-free diets-gave almost identical levels and trends with respect to the concentration of the (n - 9) and (n - 7) series of acids.	Linoleic Acid	4-13	FAT atypical cadherin 1	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
4339341-5	1972	It is concluded from the results that the linoleate-deficient nature of the hydrogenated fat, rather than its high content of trans acids, would explain the high tendency of this fat to induce the accumulation of long-chain (n - 9) fatty acids in the cholesteryl esters and phospholipids of the tissues studied.	Linoleic Acid	42-51	FAT atypical cadherin 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
4339341-5	1972	It is concluded from the results that the linoleate-deficient nature of the hydrogenated fat, rather than its high content of trans acids, would explain the high tendency of this fat to induce the accumulation of long-chain (n - 9) fatty acids in the cholesteryl esters and phospholipids of the tissues studied.	Linoleic Acid	42-51	FAT atypical cadherin 1	Rattus norvegicus	179-182
5123890-6	1971	Addition of herring oil, linoleic acid or 0.1% oxidized sitosterol to the diets allows induction of cytochrome P-450 to take place.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	100-116
5126888-0	1971	The effect of linoleic acid, peroxidation and antioxidants on induction of cytochrome P-450 in rat liver.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	75-91
5169442-0	1971	Stimulation of hydrogenation of linoleate in Treponema (Borrelia) sp, strain B2-5 by reduced methyl viologen and by reduced benzyl viologen.	Linoleic Acid	32-41	immunoglobulin kappa variable 5-2	Homo sapiens	77-81
5133008-0	1971	The effect of linoleic acid, peroxidation and antioxidants on induction of cytochrome P-450 in rat liver.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	75-91
33352404-6	2021	Offal products can contribute beneficial fatty acids to the diet, not only in terms of essential fatty acids such as linoleic (C18:2n-6) and alpha linolenic (C18:3n-3) acids, but also the polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic (C20:4n-6) and eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n3) acids.	Linoleic Acid	117-125	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	127-130
5459662-0	1970	Sequential enzymes of linoleic acid oxidation in corn germ: lipoxygenase and linoleate hydroperoxide isomerase.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase4	Zea mays	60-72
5459662-1	1970	Linoleic acid oxidation catalyzed by lipoxygenase (lipoxidase) activity in extracts of defatted corn germ does not terminate in the product, linoleic acid hydroperoxide, unless the lipoxygenase is first partially purified.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	37-49
5459662-1	1970	Linoleic acid oxidation catalyzed by lipoxygenase (lipoxidase) activity in extracts of defatted corn germ does not terminate in the product, linoleic acid hydroperoxide, unless the lipoxygenase is first partially purified.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase4	Zea mays	181-193
13952251-2	1963	The albumin can be replaced by linoleic acid, which occurs as a tightly bound component of most albumin preparations.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	albumin	Homo sapiens	96-103
33545186-3	2021	AIM: The n-6-PUFA linoleic acid accounts for up to 18% of all FAs contained in multi-compendial grade PS80.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	13-17
14477512-0	1962	The conversion of cis-2-octenoic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	suppressor of cytokine signaling 2	Homo sapiens	18-23
13785147-0	1961	[The occurrence of linoleic and linolenic acids in human milk, animal milk and vegetable fats].	Linoleic Acid	19-27	chromosome 10 open reading frame 90	Homo sapiens	89-93
34036355-10	2021	From the end of MP1 to the end of MP2, the conversion of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid (FADS2 activity) increased from 0.020 to 0.025 (P = 0.02), and the conversion of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid to arachidonic acid (FADS1 activity) decreased from 6.37 to 5.53 (P = 0.01).	Linoleic Acid	57-70	late endosomal/lysosomal adaptor, MAPK and MTOR activator 3	Homo sapiens	16-19
34033902-8	2021	CONCLUSION: Based on the results of network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis, cell and whole pharmacodynamic experiments, promoting angiogenesis by regulating VEGF signal pathway might be one of the mechanisms of anti-hypoxia effect of Chinese cordyceps, (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid and cerevisterol were considered as the major anti-hypoxia bioactive compounds in Chinese cordyceps.	Linoleic Acid	266-301	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	170-174
34036355-10	2021	From the end of MP1 to the end of MP2, the conversion of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid (FADS2 activity) increased from 0.020 to 0.025 (P = 0.02), and the conversion of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid to arachidonic acid (FADS1 activity) decreased from 6.37 to 5.53 (P = 0.01).	Linoleic Acid	57-70	tryptase pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
34036355-10	2021	From the end of MP1 to the end of MP2, the conversion of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid (FADS2 activity) increased from 0.020 to 0.025 (P = 0.02), and the conversion of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid to arachidonic acid (FADS1 activity) decreased from 6.37 to 5.53 (P = 0.01).	Linoleic Acid	57-70	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	96-101
33561215-10	2021	In age- and sex-adjusted models for insulin resistance, MUFAs (OR: 1.26) and oleic acid (OR: 1.25) were positively, and PUFAs (OR: 0.81), particularly linoleic acid (OR: 0.78), were inversely associated with HOMA-IR.	Linoleic Acid	151-164	insulin	Homo sapiens	36-43
34013265-8	2021	A local analysis of seven key binding pockets reveals that six out them, including those for engaging ACE2, therapeutic mini-proteins, linoleic acid, two different kinds of antibodies, and protein-glycan interaction sites, switch conformations between their known apo- and holo-conformations, even when the global spike conformation is 1RBD-up.	Linoleic Acid	135-148	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
34013265-8	2021	A local analysis of seven key binding pockets reveals that six out them, including those for engaging ACE2, therapeutic mini-proteins, linoleic acid, two different kinds of antibodies, and protein-glycan interaction sites, switch conformations between their known apo- and holo-conformations, even when the global spike conformation is 1RBD-up.	Linoleic Acid	135-148	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	314-319
33899089-5	2021	Instead, we observed a range of direct anti-inflammatory effects of conjugated linoleic acid on murine myeloid cells including an enhanced IL10 production and the capacity to suppress T-cell proliferation.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	139-143
33744039-6	2021	Beta coefficients for annual eGFR change in relation to plasma linoleic acid (LA; 50.1% of total FAs in CE), omega-3 FAs (EPA + DHA; 1.7%), odd-chain FAs (C15:0 and C17:0; 0.2%), and C14:0 (0.7%) were obtained from linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and alcohol intake.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	29-33
34004336-3	2021	Results demonstrated that diets with higher concentration of omega-6 PUFAS induced an increment of linoleic and arachidonic acid on tumor cell membranes increasing ROS liberation, 12(S)-HHT generation, TP53, Ki67 expression and cell proliferation.	Linoleic Acid	99-107	transformation related protein 53	Mus musculus	202-206
34004336-3	2021	Results demonstrated that diets with higher concentration of omega-6 PUFAS induced an increment of linoleic and arachidonic acid on tumor cell membranes increasing ROS liberation, 12(S)-HHT generation, TP53, Ki67 expression and cell proliferation.	Linoleic Acid	99-107	antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki 67	Mus musculus	208-212
34056355-0	2021	New Plausible Mechanism for Gastric and Colorectal Carcinogenesis: Free Radical-Mediated Acetaldehyde Generation in a Heme/Myoglobin-Linoleate-Ethanol Mixture.	Linoleic Acid	133-142	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	123-132
33079282-0	2021	Linoleic acid inhibits in vitro function of human and murine dendritic cells, CD4+T cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	78-81
33897360-7	2021	Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of the metabolomics dataset identified two modules influenced by LPS administration and ABCA7 haplodeficiency, in which glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism were identified as major pathways.	Linoleic Acid	205-218	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 7	Mus musculus	141-146
32725293-1	2021	PURPOSE: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	171-192
32725293-1	2021	PURPOSE: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	194-198
33548080-0	2021	The FADS1 Genotype Modifies Metabolic Responses to the Linoleic Acid and Alpha-linolenic Acid Containing Plant Oils - Genotype Based Randomized Trial FADSDIET2.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
33548080-1	2021	SCOPE: We investigated the FADS1 rs174550 genotype interaction with dietary intakes of high linoleic acid (LA) and high alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) on the response of fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids (PLs), and markers of low-grade inflammation and glucose-insulin homeostasis.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
33728516-0	2021	Role of Src/FAK in migration and invasion mediated by extracellular vesicles from MDA-MB-231 cells stimulated with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	8-11
33469977-1	2021	We investigate binding of linoleate and other potential ligands to the recently discovered fatty acid binding site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, using docking and molecular dynamics simulations.	Linoleic Acid	26-35	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	133-138
33469977-2	2021	Simulations suggest that linoleate and dexamethasone stabilize the locked spike conformation, thus reducing the opportunity for ACE2 interaction.	Linoleic Acid	25-34	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	74-79
33469977-2	2021	Simulations suggest that linoleate and dexamethasone stabilize the locked spike conformation, thus reducing the opportunity for ACE2 interaction.	Linoleic Acid	25-34	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	128-132
33728516-0	2021	Role of Src/FAK in migration and invasion mediated by extracellular vesicles from MDA-MB-231 cells stimulated with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	12-15
33125963-1	2021	alpha-lactalbumin was modified by ultrasound (US, 20 kHz, 43 +- 3.4 W/cm-2) pre-treatments (0, 15, 30 and 60 min) and laccase cross-linking of sonicated alpha-lactalbumin was used to evaluate the physical and oxidative stability of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) emulsions.	Linoleic Acid	243-256	lactalbumin alpha	Homo sapiens	0-17
33388344-10	2021	In the present study, we also identified a conjugated linoleic acid isomer (CLA-9Z11E) as a strong AR antagonist by performing LanthaScreen  TR-FRET AR Coactivator Interaction Assays.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	149-151
33933736-9	2021	RESULTS: We observed that the SNP at rs1761667 of CD36 and oral detection threshold for linoleic acid (LA) are associated with choice of food, lipid profiles, peptide-YY as well as adiposity parameters in obese population.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	peptide YY	Homo sapiens	159-169
33897098-4	2021	Linoleic acid (C18:2) was the major component at all stages and the proportion increased during development.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	15-18
33388344-10	2021	In the present study, we also identified a conjugated linoleic acid isomer (CLA-9Z11E) as a strong AR antagonist by performing LanthaScreen  TR-FRET AR Coactivator Interaction Assays.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	99-101
33546743-7	2021	Through integrated data analysis, we obtained five significant p53-dependent metabolic pathways including phenylalanine, glyoxylate, dicarboxylate, and linoleic acid metabolism, and the citrate cycle.	Linoleic Acid	152-165	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	63-66
33673045-1	2021	Isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) enhances circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	insulin like growth factor 1	Bos taurus	63-91
33673045-1	2021	Isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) enhances circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	insulin like growth factor 1	Bos taurus	93-98
33544206-9	2021	Prebiotic treatment did not significantly modify fecal SCFA content but it increased fecal rumenic acid, a conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11 CLA) with immunomodulatory properties, that correlated notably to the expansion of Bifidobacterium (p = 0.031; r = 0.052).	Linoleic Acid	118-131	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	149-152
33535438-2	2021	We begin with eicosanoid biosynthesis through the actions of phospholipase A2, responsible for hydrolyzing the C18 polyunsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid (18:2n-6), from cellular phospholipids, which is subsequently converted into arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n-6) via elongases and desaturases.	Linoleic Acid	143-156	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	61-77
33526157-3	2021	The minor allele of various FADS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with increased maternal concentrations of the precursors linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and lower concentrations of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).	Linoleic Acid	150-163	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	28-32
33494132-6	2021	Only upon AJ and MJ, the presence of FADS2 variant alleles affected changes in linoleic, arachidonic, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).	Linoleic Acid	79-87	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	37-42
33594969-6	2021	Concentration of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was increased by OATHI compared to OATLO and in OATLO compared to CTRL.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	CTRL	Bos taurus	114-118
33131141-9	2021	Intracellular CRH levels were assessed under treatment with CRH, MALP-2, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	corticotropin releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	14-17
33573088-4	2021	Moreover, it was found that linoleic acid, an omega-6 PUFA, could stabilize the spike protein in a closed conformation, blocking its interaction with ACE2.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	80-85
33573088-4	2021	Moreover, it was found that linoleic acid, an omega-6 PUFA, could stabilize the spike protein in a closed conformation, blocking its interaction with ACE2.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	150-154
33573088-6	2021	We found that: (a) countries whose source of omega-3 is from marine origin have lower fatality rates; and (b) like linoleic acid, omega-3 PUFA could also bind to the closed conformation of spike protein and therefore, could help reduce COVID-19 complications by reducing viral entrance to cells, in addition to their known anti-inflammatory effects.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	189-194
33567435-4	2021	The CLE is essential for proper barrier function of the skin and is derived from linoleate-rich acylglucosylceramides synthesized in the viable epidermis.	Linoleic Acid	81-90	RNA transcription, translation and transport factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
33169127-1	2021	Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA), abundant in chia seed oil, are useful polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with numerous health benefits.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	chitinase acidic	Homo sapiens	63-67
33505308-0	2020	Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Brain Metabolism: A Possible Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role Mediated by PPARalpha Activation.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	98-107
33404913-7	2021	Analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) showed that significantly enriched GO term and KEGG signaling pathway mainly involved cytosolic ribosome, growth development, PPAR signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and linoleic acid metabolism in abdominal fat, back skin, and liver.	Linoleic Acid	259-272	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Gallus gallus	208-212
33530084-7	2021	In addition, genetic variants in FADS1, FADS2, ELOV-2, and ELOV-5 lead to a more efficient biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), e.g., of linoleic acid (LA) to arachidonic acid (ARA), and (alpha-linolenic acid) (ALA) to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), leading to higher ARA levels.	Linoleic Acid	164-177	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	33-38
33530084-7	2021	In addition, genetic variants in FADS1, FADS2, ELOV-2, and ELOV-5 lead to a more efficient biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), e.g., of linoleic acid (LA) to arachidonic acid (ARA), and (alpha-linolenic acid) (ALA) to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), leading to higher ARA levels.	Linoleic Acid	164-177	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	40-45
33396527-5	2020	Our results also revealed that arachidonic acid, linoleic acid and docosahexanoic acid are key polyunsaturated fatty acid substrates for ALOX15.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	137-143
33334892-6	2021	Quantitative LC-MS analysis of the esterified linoleate-derived triols in the murine epidermis revealed a marked and isomer-specific reduction (~85%) in the Ephx3-/- epidermis of the major trihydroxy isomer 9R,10S,13R-trihydroxy-11E-octadecenoate.	Linoleic Acid	46-55	epoxide hydrolase 3	Mus musculus	157-162
33386204-7	2021	Low-density lipoprotein levels (beta = 2.77, P = .008) and arachidonic acid/linoleic acid ratio (beta = 2.51, P = .015) were found to be significantly associated with severity of depressive symptoms.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a2	Homo sapiens	97-105
33122195-4	2020	Herein we report that electrophilic nitro-fatty acids (nitro-oleic acid and nitro-conjugated linoleic acid) potently activate SIRT6.	Linoleic Acid	93-106	sirtuin 6	Homo sapiens	126-131
33391256-3	2020	Previous transcriptomic analysis led us to hypothesize that miR-155-5p (miR-155) is regulated by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a pro-resolving mediator which induces regression of atherosclerosis in vivo.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	microRNA 155	Homo sapiens	60-67
33094384-4	2020	Further evaluation of biochemical properties has revealed that the FADS6 prefer linoleic acid that is more hydrophilic and stable.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	fatty acid desaturase 6	Homo sapiens	67-72
33318546-2	2020	We found that probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides (L. mesenteroides) can metabolize linoleic acid to yield electricity via an intracellular cyclophilin A-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	peptidylprolyl isomerase A	Mus musculus	140-153
33362869-6	2020	Specificity, Further integration analyses have identified that the linoleic acid metabolism and fatty-acids beta-oxidation are significantly inhibited during DN pathogenesis and progression, the transporter protein ABCD3, the fatty acyl-CoA activated enzymes ACOX1, ACOX2, and ACOX3, and some corresponding metabolites such as 13"-HODE, stearidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, (+-)10(11)-EpDPA were also significantly reduced.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	ATP binding cassette subfamily D member 3	Homo sapiens	215-220
33362869-6	2020	Specificity, Further integration analyses have identified that the linoleic acid metabolism and fatty-acids beta-oxidation are significantly inhibited during DN pathogenesis and progression, the transporter protein ABCD3, the fatty acyl-CoA activated enzymes ACOX1, ACOX2, and ACOX3, and some corresponding metabolites such as 13"-HODE, stearidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, (+-)10(11)-EpDPA were also significantly reduced.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	acyl-CoA oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	259-264
33362869-6	2020	Specificity, Further integration analyses have identified that the linoleic acid metabolism and fatty-acids beta-oxidation are significantly inhibited during DN pathogenesis and progression, the transporter protein ABCD3, the fatty acyl-CoA activated enzymes ACOX1, ACOX2, and ACOX3, and some corresponding metabolites such as 13"-HODE, stearidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, (+-)10(11)-EpDPA were also significantly reduced.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	acyl-CoA oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	266-271
33362869-6	2020	Specificity, Further integration analyses have identified that the linoleic acid metabolism and fatty-acids beta-oxidation are significantly inhibited during DN pathogenesis and progression, the transporter protein ABCD3, the fatty acyl-CoA activated enzymes ACOX1, ACOX2, and ACOX3, and some corresponding metabolites such as 13"-HODE, stearidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, (+-)10(11)-EpDPA were also significantly reduced.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	acyl-CoA oxidase 3, pristanoyl	Homo sapiens	277-282
32931863-0	2020	Fatty acid binding protein 7 mediates linoleic acid-induced cell death in triple negative breast cancer cells by modulating 13-HODE.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	fatty acid binding protein 7	Homo sapiens	0-28
32915209-9	2020	Linoleic acid was shown to mediate beta-catenin level and increase cell layer permeability in vitro.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	35-47
32931863-8	2020	Interestingly, overexpression of FABP7 augmented linoleic acid-induced cell death in MDA-MB-231 cells.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	fatty acid binding protein 7	Homo sapiens	33-38
32931863-12	2020	Our findings suggest that linoleic acid could be a potential therapeutic strategy for FABP7-overexpressing TNBC patients.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	fatty acid binding protein 7	Homo sapiens	86-91
33200608-10	2020	Additionally, loading experiments showed that depleted micelles could be loaded with linoleic acid (LA) as intensively as native micelles, whereupon LA displaces up to 81.3% of beta-casein from native micelles.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	casein beta	Homo sapiens	177-188
33185830-6	2020	As a response to 24h 480 microM linoleic acid treatment, Niban gene expression was found to be higher than control group (p = 0.008), whereas 24 h 90 mM ethanol treatment was determined to be lower than control group (p = 0.008).	Linoleic Acid	32-45	niban apoptosis regulator 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
32827665-0	2020	Cytochrome P450-derived linoleic acid metabolites EpOMEs and DiHOMEs: A review of recent studies.	Linoleic Acid	24-37	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	0-15
32354273-5	2020	NOX2 KO islets were used to measure total cytosolic calcium and insulin secretion.Results: GW9508 and linoleic acid increased superoxide and H2O2 contents at 5.6 and 8.3 mM of glucose.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
32354273-7	2020	Knockdown of p22phox abolished the increase in superoxide after GW9508 and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	13-20
32354273-8	2020	No differences in insulin secretion were found between wild type and NOX2 KO islets treated with GW9508 or linoleic acid.Discussion: We report for the first time that acute activation of GPR40 leads to NADPH oxidase activation in pancreatic beta-cells, without impact on insulin secretion.	Linoleic Acid	107-120	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-192
33791028-7	2020	Diet enrichment with PALM increased the linoleic acid (C18:2,omega6) in seminal plasma.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	paralemmin-1	Bubalus bubalis	21-25
32958580-3	2020	Our 2.85 A cryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein reveals that the receptor binding domains (RBDs) tightly bind the essential free fatty acid (FFA) linoleic acid (LA) in three composite binding pockets.	Linoleic Acid	164-177	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	43-48
33182324-11	2020	CONCLUSION: 15-LOX and its linoleic acid (LA)-derived metabolites exercise a protumorigenic influence on GBM cells in vitro.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	12-18
32585208-0	2020	Linoleic acid promotes testosterone production by activating Leydig cell GPR120/ ERK pathway and restores BPA-impaired testicular toxicity.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	free fatty acid receptor 4	Mus musculus	73-79
33128473-1	2020	In the present study, we demonstrated that borage (Borago officinalis L.) seed oil subjected to immobilized lipase pretreatment are enriched with linoleic acid (LNA, 18:2n-6), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, 18:3n-6), and oleic acid (OLA, 18:1n-9).	Linoleic Acid	146-159	lipase, endothelial	Mus musculus	108-114
33079529-0	2020	Physicochemical and Structural Characteristics of Soybean Protein Isolates Induced by Lipoxygenase-Catalyzed Linoleic Acid Oxidation during In Vitro Gastric Digestion.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	86-98
33079529-1	2020	The effects of oxidation on the gastric digestion properties of soybean protein isolates (SPIs) in a model of lipoxygenase (LOX)-catalyzed linoleic acid (LA) oxidation system and the multiscale structural characterization of SPI hydrolysate were investigated.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	110-122
32585208-0	2020	Linoleic acid promotes testosterone production by activating Leydig cell GPR120/ ERK pathway and restores BPA-impaired testicular toxicity.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	81-84
32585208-2	2020	Linoleic acid (LA) is an essential fatty acid and GPR120 agonist.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	free fatty acid receptor 4	Mus musculus	50-56
32914810-5	2020	The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed that these differentially expressed genes were related to AMPK signaling pathway, linoleic acid metabolism, and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
33095758-10	2020	In addition, the rhein and honokiol treatment influenced some of the metabolic pathways in AP, including riboflavin metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and the pentose and glucuronate interconversions pathway.	Linoleic Acid	160-173	LIM homeobox protein 2	Mus musculus	91-93
33195520-2	2020	Major long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) in NEFA are palmitic (PA), palmitoleic (POA), stearic (SA), oleic (OA), and linoleic (LA) acid.	Linoleic Acid	112-120	LCFA	Bos taurus	30-34
33342801-10	2020	The Delta 9 desaturase (D9D) and D6D were higher in BC cases suggesting greater conversion saturated FA to MUFA and linoleic acid to its metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	fatty acid desaturase 3	Homo sapiens	4-22
32999082-7	2020	MVs purified from bacteria grown in the presence of linoleic acid display a distinct protein content and are enriched in lipoproteins, which strongly activate Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2).	Linoleic Acid	52-65	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	181-185
32755819-1	2020	Conjugated linoleic and linolenic acids (CLA and CLnA) can be found in dairy, ruminant meat and oilseeds, these types of unsaturated fatty acids consist of various positional and geometrical isomers, and have demonstrated health-promoting potential for human beings.	Linoleic Acid	11-19	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	41-44
32961767-7	2020	We described a feasible biosynthetic pathway that leads to the generation of JuA from alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) via elongases ELO-1/2 and Delta5 desaturase which is rate-limiting.	Linoleic Acid	86-105	Elongation of long chain fatty acids protein 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	126-133
32963690-9	2020	Because HO2   is formed close to CL aggregates and PEA, it causes peroxidation of the linoleic acid in CL and also damages PEA.	Linoleic Acid	86-99	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	8-11
32464332-4	2020	MsHPL, StHPL, and CsHPL converted the 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic (13-HPOD) and alpha-linolenic acids (13-HPOT) primarily to the chain cleavage products.	Linoleic Acid	59-67	fatty acid hydroperoxide lyase	Solanum tuberosum	7-12
32403075-0	2020	Effect of elevated temperature and UV radiation on molecular structure of linoleic acid by ATR-IR and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	91-94
32403075-1	2020	The effect of elevated temperature (44  C) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation on molecular structure of linoleic acid (LA) was studied by Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	172-175
32464332-4	2020	MsHPL, StHPL, and CsHPL converted the 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic (13-HPOD) and alpha-linolenic acids (13-HPOT) primarily to the chain cleavage products.	Linoleic Acid	59-67	allene oxide synthase, chloroplastic-like	Cucumis sativus	18-23
32622599-11	2020	Linoleic and linolenic acids increased expression of XBP1s, ATF4, and ATF6A but decreased expression of XBP1s and ATF6A at the highest dose.	Linoleic Acid	0-8	activating transcription factor 4	Bos taurus	60-64
32554222-2	2020	The  5 and  6 desaturases are responsible for producing long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) through their precursors alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid in organisms lacking or with very low ability to synthesize LC-PUFA by themselves.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	99-103
32554222-2	2020	The  5 and  6 desaturases are responsible for producing long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) through their precursors alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid in organisms lacking or with very low ability to synthesize LC-PUFA by themselves.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	232-236
32622599-12	2020	Although palmitoleic, oleic, and linoleic acid decreased CHOP expression, only palmitoleic acid increased MAC-T cell viability.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Bos taurus	57-61
32816149-1	2020	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, activated by several ligands like fatty acids (linoleic acid being the most common) or their metabolites, can function as potential therapeutic target for various cancers.	Linoleic Acid	152-165	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	0-49
32614453-0	2020	Activation of the Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) Suppresses Linoleic Acid-Induced Inflammation in the Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea).	Linoleic Acid	56-69	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 4	Homo sapiens	40-43
32923921-0	2020	Linoleic Acid-Rich Oil Supplementation Increases Total and High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin and Alters Plasma Oxylipins in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	81-92
32923921-3	2020	Supplementing diets with linoleic acid (LA)-rich oil increased adiponectin concentrations and improved glucose control in women with type 2 diabetes.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	63-74
32816149-1	2020	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, activated by several ligands like fatty acids (linoleic acid being the most common) or their metabolites, can function as potential therapeutic target for various cancers.	Linoleic Acid	152-165	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	51-61
32806641-6	2020	In contrast, a negative correlation was found between p85alpha and oleic acid, and between IRS1 and p110beta with linoleic, arachidonic and adrenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	114-122	insulin receptor substrate 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
32814052-0	2020	Suppression of Membranous LRP5 Recycling, Wnt/beta-Catenin Signaling, and Colon Carcinogenesis by 15-LOX-1 Peroxidation of Linoleic Acid in PI3P.	Linoleic Acid	123-136	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5	Mus musculus	26-30
32806641-6	2020	In contrast, a negative correlation was found between p85alpha and oleic acid, and between IRS1 and p110beta with linoleic, arachidonic and adrenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	114-122	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta	Homo sapiens	100-108
32681642-12	2020	Sows fed LPL had increased (P < 0.05) omega-6:omega-3 (22.1 vs. 23.7) and unsaturated:saturated (1.4 vs. 1.6) fatty acids ratios with increased oleic acid (29.1 vs. 31.4%) and tended to have increased (P = 0.092) IgG (1.14 vs. 1.94 g/L) and linoleic acid (17.7 vs. 18.7%) in the milk on d 18 of lactation.	Linoleic Acid	241-254	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	9-12
32267539-6	2020	In the MTHFR group, 1-monohexadecanoylglycerol, pyrophosphate, benzoin, and linoleic acid were found to be significantly decreased (p   0.05 for all), whereas glyceric acid, L-tryptophan, L-alanine, L-proline, norvaline, L-threonine, and myo-inositol were significantly increased (p   0.01 for the first 2 metabolites, p   0.05 for the others) at 11-14 gestational weeks.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	7-12
32759714-4	2020	The essential omega-6 PUFA, linoleic acid (LA), is suggested to decrease the risk for CVD by affecting these lipid risk markers.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	22-26
32448919-3	2020	Fatty acid desaturase 2 gene, FAD2, is a key player that affects three major fatty acids, namely oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid, in oilseed plants.	Linoleic Acid	104-112	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum	Brassica napus	30-34
31943072-2	2020	The fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes also influence PUFA status, with the FADS genes controlling how much product (eg, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) is metabolized from the precursor molecules linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	232-245	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	4-25
31943072-2	2020	The fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes also influence PUFA status, with the FADS genes controlling how much product (eg, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) is metabolized from the precursor molecules linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	232-245	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	27-31
31943072-2	2020	The fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes also influence PUFA status, with the FADS genes controlling how much product (eg, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) is metabolized from the precursor molecules linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	232-245	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	76-80
32732901-2	2020	However, the molecular mechanisms by which omega-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid) regulate autophagy and Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant system are not completely understood.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	96-101
32732901-2	2020	However, the molecular mechanisms by which omega-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid) regulate autophagy and Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant system are not completely understood.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
32732901-5	2020	However, the results also provided evidence, for the first time, that omega-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid) induced autophagy and increased antioxidant ability through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway and the AMPK-target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway in hepatocytes in vitro.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	164-212
32732901-5	2020	However, the results also provided evidence, for the first time, that omega-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid) induced autophagy and increased antioxidant ability through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway and the AMPK-target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway in hepatocytes in vitro.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	214-218
32587130-5	2020	Chemical constituent analysis revealed that the strong ORAI1 inhibitory effect of GJHEX was due to linoleic acid, and in other fractions, we found that genipin inhibited ORAI1.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
33680004-0	2020	Nut Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: Is Linoleic Acid the Secret Weapon?	Linoleic Acid	41-54	NUT midline carcinoma family member 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
32594738-0	2020	Effects of Linoleic Acid-Rich Diet on Plasma Profiles of Eicosanoids and Development of Colitis in Il-10-/- Mice.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	99-104
32678126-4	2020	To this end, we generated transgenic flies expressing Caenorhabditis elegans Delta12 fatty acid desaturase (FAT-2), which converts mono-unsaturated fatty acids to PUFAs such as linoleic acid [C18:2 (n-6)] and linolenic acid [C18:3 (n-3)].	Linoleic Acid	177-190	Delta(12) fatty acid desaturase fat-2	Caenorhabditis elegans	108-113
32330842-0	2020	Conjugated linoleic acid attenuates 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in mice through dual inhibition of COX-2/5-LOX and TLR4/NF-kappaB signaling.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	138-142
32330842-0	2020	Conjugated linoleic acid attenuates 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in mice through dual inhibition of COX-2/5-LOX and TLR4/NF-kappaB signaling.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	143-152
32431702-7	2020	Similar cytokine production effects were found with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (AA), whereas linoleic acid (LA) increased OX40L surface expression and subsequent T-cell-derived IL-13/IFNgamma ratios, suggesting an increased risk of allergy development.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	TNF superfamily member 4	Homo sapiens	144-149
32423875-4	2020	The transdermal insulin permeation was promoted by microwave (2450 MHz/1 mW) > oleic acid (monounsaturated) ~ linoleic acid (double unsaturated bonds).	Linoleic Acid	110-123	insulin	Homo sapiens	16-23
32450806-9	2020	The fatty acid profile analysis of tobacco fad2-2 mutant seeds derived from CRISPR-Cas9 edited plants showed dramatic increase of oleic acid content from 11% to over 79%, whereas linoleic acid decreased from 72 to 7%.	Linoleic Acid	179-192	delta(12)-acyl-lipid-desaturase-like	Nicotiana tabacum	43-47
32243160-3	2020	Compounds 22 and 23, CA-4 conjugates of linoleic and linolenic acids, respectively, were determined to have exhibited the most active in vitro assays, with compound 23 exhibiting very similar activity to the parent compound against the NCI-H460 cell line.	Linoleic Acid	40-48	carbonic anhydrase 4	Homo sapiens	21-25
32443838-6	2020	Bread with chia had a high amount of linoleic acid, especially in bread with chia seeds, owing to protection of seed integrity during baking.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	chitinase acidic	Homo sapiens	11-15
32320610-5	2020	Furthermore, the Pv-GA complex was used to load conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) for microemulsion preparation.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	74-77
32259635-0	2020	Conjugated linoleic acid improves endothelial Ca2+ signaling by blocking growth factor and cytokine-mediated Cx43 phosphorylation.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
32259635-2	2020	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a Src inhibitor in certain preparations, is generally regarded as safe during pregnancy by the FDA.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	34-37
32475074-5	2020	In particular, the levels of two omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, were increased by knockdown of lpin-1 but decreased by glucose feeding.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	LNS2 domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	145-151
32329017-2	2020	Recently, we found that modified Lactobacillus casei (Lc + CLA) with increased production of conjugated linoleic acid has antimicrobial and other beneficial properties.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	59-62
32502762-9	2020	Higher levels of linoleic and linolenic acid were found for T-allele carriers of FADS1 SNP.	Linoleic Acid	17-25	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	81-86
32348134-0	2020	Gel properties of soy protein isolate modified by lipoxygenase catalyzed linoleic acid oxidation and their influence on pepsin diffusion and in vitro gastric digestion.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	50-62
32348134-1	2020	The model of lipoxygenase catalyzed linoleic acid (LA) oxidation was selected as a representative of lipid peroxidation system to investigate the effects of oxidative modification on soybean protein isolate (SPI) gel properties and in vitro gastric digestion.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	13-25
32431615-0	2020	Free Fatty Acid Receptor 1 Signaling Contributes to Migration, MMP-9 Activity, and Expression of IL-8 Induced by Linoleic Acid in HaCaT Cells.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	97-101
32431702-7	2020	Similar cytokine production effects were found with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (AA), whereas linoleic acid (LA) increased OX40L surface expression and subsequent T-cell-derived IL-13/IFNgamma ratios, suggesting an increased risk of allergy development.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	199-204
32431702-7	2020	Similar cytokine production effects were found with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (AA), whereas linoleic acid (LA) increased OX40L surface expression and subsequent T-cell-derived IL-13/IFNgamma ratios, suggesting an increased risk of allergy development.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	205-213
32040184-4	2020	Permethrin and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid induced CYP4A mRNA levels in both mouse and human hepatocytes, with trans-dichlorochrysanthemic acid also increasing CYP4A mRNA levels in mouse hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	105-137	cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 10	Mus musculus	154-159
32523885-0	2020	Effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on serum levels of interleukin-6 and sirtuin 1 in COPD patients.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	71-84
32523885-0	2020	Effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on serum levels of interleukin-6 and sirtuin 1 in COPD patients.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	89-98
32370036-4	2020	PUFA content was significantly higher for Al Catalao, particularly due to the content in linoleic and linolenic fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	89-97	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
32092162-1	2020	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a potent inhibitor of milk fat synthesis in the cow and similarly reduces milk fat in rodents.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	73-77
32092162-1	2020	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a potent inhibitor of milk fat synthesis in the cow and similarly reduces milk fat in rodents.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	125-129
32087553-3	2020	Protection may occur by cGMP generation via the sGC pathway or through S-nitrosothiol and nitrated conjugated linoleic acid (NO2-CLA) formation.	Linoleic Acid	110-123	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	129-132
32040184-5	2020	3-Phenoxybenzoic acid induced CYP4A mRNA levels in rat hepatocytes, with trans-dichlorochrysanthemic acid increasing both CYP4A mRNA levels and replicative DNA synthesis.	Linoleic Acid	73-105	cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 10	Mus musculus	122-127
32182943-3	2020	According to our findings, the infusion of Abeta1-42 activated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ionized calcium adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) in the frontal cortices and hippocampi of the Abeta1-42-injected mice to a greater extent than the Abeta1-42 + ALA-cotreated mice.	Linoleic Acid	290-293	induction of brown adipocytes 1	Mus musculus	172-177
31987906-0	2020	Positive effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the PGC1-alpha expression under the inflammatory conditions induced by TNF-alpha in the C2C12 cell line.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	58-68
31987906-0	2020	Positive effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the PGC1-alpha expression under the inflammatory conditions induced by TNF-alpha in the C2C12 cell line.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	125-134
31987906-1	2020	The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the expression of the genes involved in the reduction of inflammatory conditions induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Linoleic Acid	71-84	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	186-213
31987906-1	2020	The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the expression of the genes involved in the reduction of inflammatory conditions induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Linoleic Acid	71-84	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	215-224
32280461-0	2020	High rumen degradable starch decreased goat milk fat via trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid-mediated downregulation of lipogenesis genes, particularly, INSIG1.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	insulin-induced gene 1 protein	Capra hircus	159-165
32182943-6	2020	Moreover, Abeta1-42 infusion significantly increased amyloidogenesis, as assessed by the enhanced expression of the amyloid precursor proteins (APP) beta-amyloid cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE-1) and amyloid-beta (Abeta1-42) in the mouse brains, whereas these proteins were markedly reduced in the Abeta + ALA-cotreated group.	Linoleic Acid	299-302	beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1	Mus musculus	181-187
32182943-8	2020	These results indicated that ALA could be an applicable intervention in neuroinflammation, apoptotic cell loss, amyloidogenesis, and memory dysfunction via the inhibition of TLR4 and its downstream targets in Abeta + ALA-cotreated mouse brains.	Linoleic Acid	29-32	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	174-178
32182943-8	2020	These results indicated that ALA could be an applicable intervention in neuroinflammation, apoptotic cell loss, amyloidogenesis, and memory dysfunction via the inhibition of TLR4 and its downstream targets in Abeta + ALA-cotreated mouse brains.	Linoleic Acid	217-220	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	174-178
31806728-6	2020	A long-chain dietary fatty acid, linoleic acid (LA), also recruited Ca2+ via GPR120 in human and mouse TBCs.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	77-83
32121640-3	2020	Linoleic acid, a free fatty acid, and LPI are known as ligands for the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), GPR40, and GPR55, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	107-112
32121640-3	2020	Linoleic acid, a free fatty acid, and LPI are known as ligands for the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), GPR40, and GPR55, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	G protein-coupled receptor 55	Rattus norvegicus	118-123
31671075-6	2020	Recombinant SDR9C7 catalyzed NAD+-dependent dehydrogenation of linoleate 9,10-trans-epoxy-11E-13-alcohol to the corresponding 13-ketone, while ichthyosis mutants were inactive.	Linoleic Acid	63-72	4short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 9C, member 7	Mus musculus	12-18
31548400-6	2019	The acceleration of alpha-Syn aggregation by iPLA2-VIA loss is suppressed by the administration of linoleic acid, correcting the brain lipid composition.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	20-29
32115533-1	2020	Oxo-octadecadienoic acids (OxoODEs) act as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists biologically, and are known to be produced in the lipoxygenase/linoleate system.	Linoleic Acid	165-174	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	43-85
32115533-1	2020	Oxo-octadecadienoic acids (OxoODEs) act as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists biologically, and are known to be produced in the lipoxygenase/linoleate system.	Linoleic Acid	165-174	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	87-91
32115533-7	2020	Notably, the ferrous lipoxygenase-linoleate allyl radical (LOx(Fe2+)-L ) complex, which is an intermediate in the lipoxygenase/linoleate system, tends to dissociate into LOx(Fe2+) and a linoleate allyl radical.	Linoleic Acid	34-43	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	59-62
32115533-7	2020	Notably, the ferrous lipoxygenase-linoleate allyl radical (LOx(Fe2+)-L ) complex, which is an intermediate in the lipoxygenase/linoleate system, tends to dissociate into LOx(Fe2+) and a linoleate allyl radical.	Linoleic Acid	34-43	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	170-173
32879197-0	2020	CYP4F13 is the Major Enzyme for Conversion of alpha-Eleostearic Acid into cis-9, trans-11-Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Mouse Hepatic Microsomes.	Linoleic Acid	101-114	cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 13	Mus musculus	0-7
31094234-1	2020	Aim: Linoleic acid (LA) and telmisartan as PPARgamma agonists exhibit anticancer activity.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	43-52
31827466-3	2019	Naturally, the EctD enzyme performs a precise regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of the ubiquitous stress protectant and chemical chaperone ectoine (possessing a six-membered pyrimidine ring structure) to yield trans-5-hydroxyectoine.	Linoleic Acid	217-239	ectoine hydroxylase	Pseudomonas stutzeri	15-19
31827466-6	2019	Molecular docking approaches with the crystal structure of the Sphingopyxis alaskensis EctD protein predicted the formation of trans-5-hydroxyhomoectoine, a stereochemical configuration that we experimentally verified by nuclear-magnetic resonance spectroscopy.	Linoleic Acid	127-153	ectoine hydroxylase	Pseudomonas stutzeri	87-91
31827466-7	2019	An Escherichia coli cell factory expressing the P. stutzeri ectD gene from a synthetic promoter imported homoectoine via the ProU and ProP compatible solute transporters, hydroxylated it, and secreted the formed trans-5-hydroxyhomoectoine, independent from all currently known mechanosensitive channels, into the growth medium from which it could be purified by high-pressure liquid chromatography.	Linoleic Acid	212-238	ectoine hydroxylase	Pseudomonas stutzeri	60-64
32115533-7	2020	Notably, the ferrous lipoxygenase-linoleate allyl radical (LOx(Fe2+)-L ) complex, which is an intermediate in the lipoxygenase/linoleate system, tends to dissociate into LOx(Fe2+) and a linoleate allyl radical.	Linoleic Acid	127-136	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	59-62
32115533-7	2020	Notably, the ferrous lipoxygenase-linoleate allyl radical (LOx(Fe2+)-L ) complex, which is an intermediate in the lipoxygenase/linoleate system, tends to dissociate into LOx(Fe2+) and a linoleate allyl radical.	Linoleic Acid	127-136	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	170-173
31757126-0	2019	Physicochemical Changes and in Vitro Gastric Digestion of Modified Soybean Protein Induced by Lipoxygenase Catalyzed Linoleic Acid Oxidation.	Linoleic Acid	117-130	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	94-106
31817629-1	2019	This study determined the associations of FADS2 c.1571G>A with milk FAs content and revealed that cows with the GG genotype had improved levels of delta-6 desaturase substrates (linoleic acid, C18:2n-6; p < 0.001) and decreased levels of desaturase products (gamma-linolenic acid, C18:3n-6; p < 0.001), indicating a reduction in FADS2 expression or delta-6 desaturase activity caused by this polymorphism.	Linoleic Acid	178-191	fatty acid desaturase 2	Bos taurus	147-165
31891063-6	2019	On the contrary, cis and trans iodido induced cell death independent of p53 activity, and they induced cell death through Bid activation, so their toxicity could be enhanced in a combined treatment with novel Bcl-2 protein family inhibitors.	Linoleic Acid	25-37	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	209-214
31398773-0	2019	Dietary Supplementation with Fish Oil or Conjugated Linoleic Acid Relieves Depression Markers in Mice by Modulation of the Nrf2 Pathway.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	123-127
31548400-6	2019	The acceleration of alpha-Syn aggregation by iPLA2-VIA loss is suppressed by the administration of linoleic acid, correcting the brain lipid composition.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	phospholipase A2 group VI	Homo sapiens	45-54
31430281-6	2019	Felines are the only mammals that lack delta-6-desaturase activity in their intestines, which is required for linoleic acid metabolism, resulting in systemic excess of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	110-123	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	39-57
31287141-2	2019	Linoleic acid (LA), the main n-6 (omega-6) PUFA from widely used vegetable oils, is thought to suppress immune responses that might have benefits for asthma.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	43-47
31430281-6	2019	Felines are the only mammals that lack delta-6-desaturase activity in their intestines, which is required for linoleic acid metabolism, resulting in systemic excess of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	168-181	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	39-57
30725262-2	2019	Among them, linoleic acid (LA) is metabolized to epoxyoctadecanoic acids (EpOMEs) by cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases and further to dihydroxyoctadecanoic acids (DiHOMEs) by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH).	Linoleic Acid	12-25	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	176-201
30725262-2	2019	Among them, linoleic acid (LA) is metabolized to epoxyoctadecanoic acids (EpOMEs) by cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases and further to dihydroxyoctadecanoic acids (DiHOMEs) by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH).	Linoleic Acid	12-25	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	203-206
31124126-0	2019	Elevated maternal linoleic acid reduces circulating leptin concentrations, cholesterol levels and male fetal survival in a rat model.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	52-58
31001857-5	2019	FAD2 converts oleic acid to linoleic acid of the fatty acyl groups of ER-synthesized phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	fatty acid desaturase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
31037571-2	2019	n-3 PUFAs must be supplied by diet due to the absence of a key gene, namely, delta-15 desaturase (fat1), which is responsible for synthesizing n-3 PUFAs from a major type of n-6 PUFAs, linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	185-198	FAT atypical cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
31006410-11	2019	Several oxylipins derived from 18-carbon PUFA (linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids) were elevated in UVC-treated milk.	Linoleic Acid	47-55	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	41-45
31272381-10	2019	CONCLUSION: We identified oleosin genes in the B. napus genome, and overexpression of oleosin in Arabidopsis seeds increased the seed weight and linoleic acid content (13.3% at most).	Linoleic Acid	145-158	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: oleosin-B1	Brassica napus	86-93
31138624-9	2019	ech2 seedlings accumulate 3-hydroxyoctenoate (C8:1-OH) and 3-hydroxyoctanoate (C8:0-OH), putative hydrolysis products of catabolic intermediates for alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	174-187	enoyl-CoA hydratase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
31339860-6	2019	The lysosome, pathogenic Escherichia coli infection, purine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism pathways were mainly enriched in the high RhoA level group, while the hedgehog signaling, linoleic acid metabolism, olfactory transduction and taste transduction pathways were enriched in the low RhoA level group.	Linoleic Acid	187-200	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	139-143
31340443-0	2019	Interaction of Dietary Linoleic Acid and alpha-Linolenic Acids with rs174547 in FADS1 Gene on Metabolic Syndrome Components among Vegetarians.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	80-85
31344387-4	2019	Postnatal factors including energy excess, folate, vitamin A, conjugated linoleic acid and leptin may also affect POMC methylation.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	114-118
31124126-4	2019	Maternal lipids and leptin were altered following elevated linoleic acid consumption.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	20-26
30877512-0	2019	Role of phospholipase D in migration and invasion induced by linoleic acid in breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	8-23
30290227-5	2019	PNPLA1 acts as a unique transacylase that specifically transfers linoleic acid from triglyceride to omega-hydroxy fatty acid in ceramide, thus giving rise to omega-O-acylceramide.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
31242553-2	2019	In breeding practice, peanut lines with high monounsaturated fatty acids are selected using fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2), which is responsible for the conversion of oleic acid (C18:1) to linoleic acid (C18:2).	Linoleic Acid	189-202	fatty acid desaturase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	117-121
31086922-4	2019	Concerning their nutritional aspects, chia seeds are an excellent source of fat (20% to 34%), particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic (60%) and linoleic (20%) acids.	Linoleic Acid	169-177	chitinase acidic	Homo sapiens	38-42
30880051-1	2019	Human serum albumin (HSA) serves as a depot and carrier of multiple unrelated ligands including several participants of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer"s disease (AD), such as amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), Zn2+/Cu2+ ions, docosahexaenoic (DHA), linoleic (LA), and oleic (OA) acids.	Linoleic Acid	243-251	albumin	Homo sapiens	6-25
31212673-15	2019	From the head and neck cancer (HNC) gene expression dataset, the proposed method identified two additional genes (CYP3A4 and NOVA1) that are significantly enriched in linoleic acid metabolism, drug metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolic pathways.	Linoleic Acid	167-180	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	114-120
31212673-15	2019	From the head and neck cancer (HNC) gene expression dataset, the proposed method identified two additional genes (CYP3A4 and NOVA1) that are significantly enriched in linoleic acid metabolism, drug metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolic pathways.	Linoleic Acid	167-180	NOVA alternative splicing regulator 1	Homo sapiens	125-130
31270056-12	2019	CONCLUSIONS: The mixture of two conjugated linoleic acid isomers can reduce fasting blood glucose, increase glucose tolerance and improve glycolipid metabolism in db/db mice by enhancing the expression of PPARalpha, increasing P-ACC and inhibiting CD36 expression.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	205-214
31182705-9	2019	Further PLS-DA using these metabolites identified 3 metabolites (linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and citrulline) which are associated with either cyclooxygenase or nitric oxide synthase functionality.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	169-190
31142653-7	2019	Also, BaP is miscible with organic oils such as squalane, linoleic acid, and cooking oil, but its oxidation products are virtually immiscible, resulting in the formation of a viscous surface crust that hinders diffusion of BaP from the film interior to the surface.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	prohibitin 2	Homo sapiens	6-9
30361980-0	2019	Role of PI3K/Akt on migration and invasion of MCF10A cells treated with extracellular vesicles from MDA-MB-231 cells stimulated with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	133-146	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
30642482-0	2019	In vitro gastrointestinal digest of catechin-modified beta-conglycinin oxidized by lipoxygenase-catalyzed linoleic acid peroxidation.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	83-95
31539884-0	2019	Diverse inhibition of forkhead box O1 activity by linoleic acid isomers - potential role in lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells and livers of C57BL/6J mice.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	forkhead box O1	Homo sapiens	22-37
31539884-1	2019	Conjugated dienes of linoleic acid (CLA) are constitutional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid that are commonly used as dietary supplements during body mass reduction.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	36-39
31539884-1	2019	Conjugated dienes of linoleic acid (CLA) are constitutional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid that are commonly used as dietary supplements during body mass reduction.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	36-39
31539884-3	2019	CLA contain an equimolar mixture of two isomers of linoleic acid: trans-10,cis-12 CLA and cis-9,trans-11.	Linoleic Acid	51-64	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	0-3
30913372-0	2019	Conjugated Linoleic Acid Ameliorates High Fructose-Induced Hyperuricemia and Renal Inflammation in Rats via NLRP3 Inflammasome and TLR4 Signaling Pathway.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	108-113
30913372-0	2019	Conjugated Linoleic Acid Ameliorates High Fructose-Induced Hyperuricemia and Renal Inflammation in Rats via NLRP3 Inflammasome and TLR4 Signaling Pathway.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
31128594-2	2019	Flaxseed is rich in omega-3 fatty acids (OM3FA), mostly alpha-Linoleic acid (ALA), which gets converted to Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by the action of delta-6 desaturase enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	56-75	fatty acid desaturase 2	Gallus gallus	151-169
31139076-9	2019	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a pro-resolving lipid mediator, is an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	85-140
31086360-10	2019	Glucose and linoleic acid bypass the requirement for HLH-30 in coupling lysosome nutrient sensing to survival.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	Helix-loop-helix protein 30	Caenorhabditis elegans	53-59
31065079-5	2019	Fourteen potential metabolites involved in ten metabolic pathways such as linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism were affected by Rg1.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3A	Mus musculus	196-199
31080594-0	2019	Linoleic acid metabolic pathway allows for an efficient increase of intramuscular fat content in pigs.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	IMF	Sus scrofa	68-85
30914501-5	2019	The SNP rs3798713 and 3-SNP haplotype (rs2281591, rs12332786, and rs3798713) in ELOVL2 were associated with linoleic acid (LA) concentrations.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	ELOVL fatty acid elongase 2	Homo sapiens	80-86
30375738-6	2019	GPR120-KO mice conditioned to avoid linoleic acid showed generalized stimulus avoidances for MPG, indicating qualitative similarity between linoleic acid and MPG.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	free fatty acid receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-6
30375738-6	2019	GPR120-KO mice conditioned to avoid linoleic acid showed generalized stimulus avoidances for MPG, indicating qualitative similarity between linoleic acid and MPG.	Linoleic Acid	140-153	free fatty acid receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-6
30375738-9	2019	GPR120 plays roles in distinguishing fatty acid taste from other primary tastes and the detection of low linoleic acid concentrations.	Linoleic Acid	105-118	free fatty acid receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-6
31231138-1	2019	Human 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) belongs to the class of lipoxygenases, which catalyze oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	157-170	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	6-23
31231138-1	2019	Human 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) belongs to the class of lipoxygenases, which catalyze oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	157-170	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	25-33
31256599-0	2019	The Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation on Body Composition, Serum Insulin and Leptin in Obese Adults.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	insulin	Homo sapiens	82-89
31256599-0	2019	The Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation on Body Composition, Serum Insulin and Leptin in Obese Adults.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	leptin	Homo sapiens	94-100
28028715-14	2019	CONCLUSIONS: PGP intervention for hypertension played a major role in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
30923750-3	2019	The delta-6 desaturase (D6D) enzyme, encoded by the FADS2 gene, is one of two rate limiting enzymes that convert the PUFA precursors - alpha-linolenic (n-3) and linoleic acid (n-6) to their respective metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	161-174	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	4-22
30583361-2	2019	Linoleic acid contents of the chia seed oil heated in microwave oven changed between 19.21% (900 W) and 21.17% (control), respectively (p &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	chitinase acidic	Homo sapiens	30-34
30388381-6	2019	Linoleic acid produced a greater increase in the mRNA expression of c-fos, c-jun, NF-kappaB, NFAT3, ANP, and BNP relative to palmitic acid and oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	68-73
30388381-6	2019	Linoleic acid produced a greater increase in the mRNA expression of c-fos, c-jun, NF-kappaB, NFAT3, ANP, and BNP relative to palmitic acid and oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	100-103
30388381-6	2019	Linoleic acid produced a greater increase in the mRNA expression of c-fos, c-jun, NF-kappaB, NFAT3, ANP, and BNP relative to palmitic acid and oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	natriuretic peptide B	Rattus norvegicus	109-112
31089474-5	2019	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has a role in fat deposition in the liver and in development and improvement of insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	insulin	Homo sapiens	111-118
30191990-3	2019	Here we tested the potential of substrates; linoleic acid (LA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and their bioactive products; resolvin D1 (RvD1) and 12- S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) to modulate macrophage plasticity and cardiac fibroblast phenotype in presence or absence of lipid metabolizing enzyme 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX).	Linoleic Acid	44-57	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	309-327
30191990-3	2019	Here we tested the potential of substrates; linoleic acid (LA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and their bioactive products; resolvin D1 (RvD1) and 12- S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) to modulate macrophage plasticity and cardiac fibroblast phenotype in presence or absence of lipid metabolizing enzyme 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX).	Linoleic Acid	44-57	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	329-332
30923750-3	2019	The delta-6 desaturase (D6D) enzyme, encoded by the FADS2 gene, is one of two rate limiting enzymes that convert the PUFA precursors - alpha-linolenic (n-3) and linoleic acid (n-6) to their respective metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	161-174	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	24-27
30923750-3	2019	The delta-6 desaturase (D6D) enzyme, encoded by the FADS2 gene, is one of two rate limiting enzymes that convert the PUFA precursors - alpha-linolenic (n-3) and linoleic acid (n-6) to their respective metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	161-174	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	52-57
30866921-2	2019	Observationally, lower saturated fat intake and higher intake of vegetable oils rich in linoleic acid (LA), the main n-6 PUFA, is associated with lower IHD and diabetes; however, randomized controlled trials have not fully corroborated these benefits.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	121-125
31353554-1	2019	The estreification of chrysin with alpha-Linolenic acid (complex I) and linoleic acid (complex II) poly unsaturated fatty acids resulted to design of new mushroom tyrosinase (MT) inhibitors.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	163-173
30990119-6	2019	Dramatically increase in EPO expression in conjugated linoleic acid, spermidine, trehalose, and maltose (19, 20, 16, and 19-fold, respectively) did not increase erythropoietin productivity, but betaine which did not caused ER expansion, with minor increase in EPO gene expression increase EPO productivity.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	erythropoietin	Cricetulus griseus	25-28
30672576-7	2019	The results revealed that a high linoleic acid diet increased the plasma and kidney interleukin 6 levels, whereas a low n-6/n-3 ratio diet ameliorated blood glucose homeostasis, reduced plasma tumour necrosis factor alpha levels, and inhibited systematic inflammation.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	84-97
30571966-8	2019	Palmitic acid and linoleic acid were more abundant in ETH than in HSL.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	lipase, hormone sensitive	Mus musculus	66-69
30644742-0	2019	Regulation of Stearoyl-Coenzyme A Desaturase 1 by trans-10, cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid via SREBP1 in Primary Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1	Capra hircus	96-102
30609694-5	2019	Moreover, TJP3, TJP4, and TJP8 showed higher reducing power and inhibiting ability on lipid peroxidation in a linoleic acid model system.	Linoleic Acid	110-123	tight junction protein 3	Homo sapiens	10-14
30609694-5	2019	Moreover, TJP3, TJP4, and TJP8 showed higher reducing power and inhibiting ability on lipid peroxidation in a linoleic acid model system.	Linoleic Acid	110-123	tight junction associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
30624587-0	2019	Inflammatory response to dietary linoleic acid depends on FADS1 genotype.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
30624587-2	2019	However, limited information exists on how the response to dietary intake of linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n-6) is modified by polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	141-162
30624587-2	2019	However, limited information exists on how the response to dietary intake of linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n-6) is modified by polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	164-168
30352252-0	2019	Isomers of conjugated linoleic acid induce insulin resistance through a mechanism involving activation of protein kinase Cepsilon in liver cells.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	insulin	Homo sapiens	43-50
30153579-0	2019	Phosphorylation of protein kinase B, the key enzyme in insulin-signaling cascade, is enhanced in linoleic and arachidonic acid-treated HT29 and HepG2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	97-105	insulin	Homo sapiens	55-62
30890825-0	2019	Effect of L-carnitine and conjugated linoleic acid supplements on haemoglobin levels and haptoglobin genotype in chronic kidney disease.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	haptoglobin	Homo sapiens	89-100
30781405-2	2019	Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) catalyzes oleic acid (OA) into linoleic acid (LA) transformations, which are essential to the profile of FAs in seeds.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	25-29
30792667-6	2018	The relatively low concentrations of arachidonic acid (AA) present in insect phospholipids (PLs) (&lt; 0.1% in some species) indicate that PLA2 may hydrolyze linoleic acid (LA) as a precursor of eicosanoid biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	158-171	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	139-143
30371807-1	2019	Fatty acid desaturase2 (FAD2) catalyses the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid and is the main determinant of the levels of essential poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in seed oils.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	fatty acid desaturase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-22
30371807-1	2019	Fatty acid desaturase2 (FAD2) catalyses the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid and is the main determinant of the levels of essential poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in seed oils.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	fatty acid desaturase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	24-28
30014220-8	2019	Uptake of exogenously supplied oleate and linoleate is comparable in scrambled and SNTB2 siRNA-treated cells.	Linoleic Acid	42-51	syntrophin beta 2	Homo sapiens	83-88
30562023-1	2019	The anti-inflammatory effects of cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid ( cis-9, trans-11-CLA) in diverse cells have been demonstrated in recent studies.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	92-95
32911476-3	2019	However, no catalytic activity was attributed to the FADS3 protein for a decade, until the rat FADS3 protein was shown in vitro to be able to catalyze the unexpected  13-desaturation of trans-vaccenic acid, producing the trans11,cis13-conjugated linoleic acid isomer.	Linoleic Acid	246-259	fatty acid desaturase 3	Rattus norvegicus	95-100
30279515-1	2019	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to activate the nuclear receptor PPAR-gamma and modulate metabolic and immune functions.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	79-89
30195166-2	2018	The recombinant CYP74M2 protein was active towards 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic and a-linolenic acids (13-HPOD and 13-HPOT, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	72-80	CYP74M2	Selaginella moellendorffii	16-23
30361410-3	2018	In this report, we identified ABHD5 as a coactivator of PNPLA1 that stimulates the esterification of omega-hydroxy ceramides with linoleic acid for AcylCer biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	130-143	abhydrolase domain containing 5, lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	30-35
30361410-3	2018	In this report, we identified ABHD5 as a coactivator of PNPLA1 that stimulates the esterification of omega-hydroxy ceramides with linoleic acid for AcylCer biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	130-143	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	56-62
30527376-4	2018	The transacylase PNPLA1 catalyzes the final step of acylceramide production: transfer of linoleic acid in triglyceride to omega-hydroxyceramide.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	17-23
30396492-2	2018	Hence, RetSat is speculated to be involved in a rapid unusual conversion of alpha-ESA to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), giving a less priority to its usual substrate all trans retinol, which would subsequently be converted into "all trans retinoic acid" (atRA).	Linoleic Acid	100-113	retinol saturase	Homo sapiens	7-13
30333150-11	2018	Six candidate genes were heterologously expressed individually and in combination in yeast and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), resulting in the identification of one canonical FAD2 that converts oleic to linoleic acid, three divergent FAD2-like acetylenases that convert linoleic into crepenynic acid, and two bifunctional FAD2s with Delta12 and Delta14 desaturase activity that convert crepenynic into the further desaturated dehydrocrepenynic acid, a polyacetylene pathway intermediate.	Linoleic Acid	208-221	fatty acid desaturase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	180-184
29750886-1	2018	The cis(c)-9, trans(t)-11 (c9,t11) and t10,c12 isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) have been reported as agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and beneficial in lipidemia and glycemia.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	123-165
30571417-9	2018	Meta-analysis results showed that, only among APOE-epsilon4 carriers, every SD unit increase in linoleic acid was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.54 [95% CI, 0.38-0.78]), ischemic stroke (HR, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.33-0.71]), and all-cause mortality (HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.57-0.85]).	Linoleic Acid	96-109	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	46-50
29750886-1	2018	The cis(c)-9, trans(t)-11 (c9,t11) and t10,c12 isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) have been reported as agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and beneficial in lipidemia and glycemia.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	167-171
29450735-9	2018	Furthermore, NAC treatment significantly changed fatty acid composition of cells, reducing levels of oleic acid and monounsaturated fatty acids and increasing linoleic acid, n-6, and total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) proportions.	Linoleic Acid	159-172	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	13-16
30400149-5	2018	Linoleic acid (LA) was significantly higher in NGT women (p &lt; 0.001) compared with IGT and T2D, and emerged as a strong predictor of low glucose and insulin levels, independently of BMI.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	152-159
30262139-0	2018	Conversion of dietary trans-vaccenic acid to trans11,cis13-conjugated linoleic acid in the rat lactating mammary gland by Fatty Acid Desaturase 3-catalyzed methyl-end Delta13-desaturation.	Linoleic Acid	70-83	fatty acid desaturase 3	Rattus norvegicus	122-145
29935094-8	2018	The computational study indicated that TLR4 antagonist activity of soya PC is due to linoleic acid (18:2) fatty acid chain.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
30262139-1	2018	In vitro, the rat Fatty Acid Desaturase 3 (FADS3) gene was shown to code for an enzyme able to catalyze the unexpected Delta13-desaturation of trans-vaccenic acid, producing the trans11,cis13-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer.	Linoleic Acid	203-216	fatty acid desaturase 3	Rattus norvegicus	18-41
30262139-1	2018	In vitro, the rat Fatty Acid Desaturase 3 (FADS3) gene was shown to code for an enzyme able to catalyze the unexpected Delta13-desaturation of trans-vaccenic acid, producing the trans11,cis13-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer.	Linoleic Acid	203-216	fatty acid desaturase 3	Rattus norvegicus	43-48
30282904-1	2018	The dietary fatty acid 10,12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA) promotes weight loss by increasing fat oxidation, but its effects on atherosclerosis are less clear.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	clasper	Mus musculus	61-64
30279550-4	2018	Changes in the quiescent liver lipidome in OPN-KO mice included TG enrichment with linoleic acid and were associated with higher lysosome TG-hydrolase activity that maintained 24 h after PH but increased in WT mice.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	43-46
29990954-7	2018	Among those, perturbation of Linoleate metabolism pathway was associated with air pollution exposure, AOA and CCVD.	Linoleic Acid	29-38	aprataxin	Homo sapiens	102-105
28774683-0	2018	Dietary linoleic acid interacts with FADS1 genetic variability to modulate HDL-cholesterol and obesity-related traits.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	37-42
30041048-2	2018	Here we investigated whether intermittent dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic (CLA, 18:2n-6), docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3, DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3, EPA) acids, either alone or in combination, changes body metabolism associated with mitochondrial functions in the brain, liver, skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue (BAT).	Linoleic Acid	82-90	clasper	Mus musculus	92-95
30592064-2	2018	Oleic acid is synthesized by the Delta9 desaturase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), which is responsible for the synthesis of the putative cytokine palmitoleic acid (16:1n7) and 18:2 cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	212-225	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	33-50
30592064-2	2018	Oleic acid is synthesized by the Delta9 desaturase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), which is responsible for the synthesis of the putative cytokine palmitoleic acid (16:1n7) and 18:2 cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	212-225	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	52-77
30592064-2	2018	Oleic acid is synthesized by the Delta9 desaturase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), which is responsible for the synthesis of the putative cytokine palmitoleic acid (16:1n7) and 18:2 cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	212-225	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	79-83
30254373-2	2018	The fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2) gene encodes for the delta-6-desaturase, which is involved in the biosynthesis of C20:4 from linoleic acid (C18:2).	Linoleic Acid	129-142	fatty acid desaturase 2	Sus scrofa	4-27
30254373-2	2018	The fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2) gene encodes for the delta-6-desaturase, which is involved in the biosynthesis of C20:4 from linoleic acid (C18:2).	Linoleic Acid	129-142	fatty acid desaturase 2	Sus scrofa	29-34
28540526-11	2018	Linoleic acid treated cells also presented increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and decreased PGC-1alpha expression.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	107-117
30241419-4	2018	In the present study, behavioral tests on CB1R-/- and wild type (WT) mice showed that the invalidation of Cb1r gene was associated with low preference for solutions containing rapeseed oil or a long-chain fatty acid (LCFA), such as linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	232-245	cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain)	Mus musculus	106-110
30065580-1	2018	Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is related to a deficiency of delta-6-desaturase, an enzyme responsible for converting linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA).	Linoleic Acid	122-135	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	65-83
29906460-2	2018	Recently, we have shown that NAD(P)H cytochrome b5 oxidoreductase (Ncb5or) enzyme in Leishmania acts as the redox partner for Delta12 fatty acid desaturase, which catalyses the conversion of oleate to linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	201-210	cytochrome b5 reductase 4	Mus musculus	67-73
29906460-5	2018	Western blot analysis suggested that infection with log phase linoleate deficient mutant (KO) results in increased level of NF-kappaBp65, IkappaB and IKKbeta phosphorylation in RAW264.7 cells.	Linoleic Acid	62-71	inhibitor of kappaB kinase beta	Mus musculus	150-157
29906460-8	2018	Together, these findings confirmed that the leishmanial linoleate inhibits both COX-2 and TNF-alpha expression in macrophage via the inactivation of NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	Linoleic Acid	56-65	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	80-85
29906460-8	2018	Together, these findings confirmed that the leishmanial linoleate inhibits both COX-2 and TNF-alpha expression in macrophage via the inactivation of NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	Linoleic Acid	56-65	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	90-99
30084831-0	2018	Oxidized linoleic acid metabolites induce liver mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and NLRP3 activation in mice.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	90-95
29902632-6	2018	RESULTS: We observed a novel linoleic acid-related locus at the JMJD1C region associated with factor VII activity (FVIIc): rs10740118 and rs1935, Beta (p) = -1.31 (1 x 10-3) and 1.37 (5 x 10-4) in EAs, respectively, and - 1.24 (5 x 10-4) and 1.28 (3 x 10-4) in meta-analysis of EAs and AAs of ARIC.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	jumonji domain containing 1C	Homo sapiens	64-70
30103933-4	2018	Evidence from appropriately designed and vigorously executed randomized controlled trials support that high-PUFA (predominantly linoleic acid) and low-SFA diets, compared to high-SFA diets, reduced the risk of coronary heart disease.	Linoleic Acid	128-141	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	108-112
28657495-2	2018	The fatty acyl delta6-desaturase (Delta6 desaturase) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) that converts polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as linoleic (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic (18:3n-3) acids into HUFA.	Linoleic Acid	205-213	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	15-32
28657495-2	2018	The fatty acyl delta6-desaturase (Delta6 desaturase) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) that converts polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as linoleic (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic (18:3n-3) acids into HUFA.	Linoleic Acid	205-213	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	40-51
28657495-8	2018	Herein, we report, for the first time, a 3D native structure of Delta6 desaturase protein by homology modeling approach; molecular docking analysis was performed with linoleic (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic (18:3n-3) acids, which are the two key substrates in the HUFA biosynthetic pathway.	Linoleic Acid	167-175	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	70-81
29122042-6	2018	Conjugated linoleic acid reduced sterol regulatory element-binding transcription protein 1 (SREBP1) gene expression 89.2% and 75.3% compared with Control and TZD+CLA, respectively, demonstrating that TZD fails to overcome CLA inhibition of SREBP1 signaling.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1	Ovis aries	33-90
29122042-6	2018	Conjugated linoleic acid reduced sterol regulatory element-binding transcription protein 1 (SREBP1) gene expression 89.2% and 75.3% compared with Control and TZD+CLA, respectively, demonstrating that TZD fails to overcome CLA inhibition of SREBP1 signaling.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1	Ovis aries	92-98
29122042-1	2018	The trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) causes milk fat depression by downregulating expression of genes and transcription factors involved in lipogenesis and it has been proposed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) can be inhibited by trans-10, cis-12 CLA.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Ovis aries	197-245
29122042-1	2018	The trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) causes milk fat depression by downregulating expression of genes and transcription factors involved in lipogenesis and it has been proposed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) can be inhibited by trans-10, cis-12 CLA.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Ovis aries	247-256
29122042-6	2018	Conjugated linoleic acid reduced sterol regulatory element-binding transcription protein 1 (SREBP1) gene expression 89.2% and 75.3% compared with Control and TZD+CLA, respectively, demonstrating that TZD fails to overcome CLA inhibition of SREBP1 signaling.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1	Ovis aries	240-246
29765212-0	2018	The effect of conjugated linoleic acid on oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in patients with COPD.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	63-96
29758402-7	2018	Conjugated linoleic acid treatment was associated with reduced PEDF concentrations in serum and lower PEDF mRNA abundance in scAT on day 21 postpartum.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	LOC100337325	Bos taurus	63-67
29758402-7	2018	Conjugated linoleic acid treatment was associated with reduced PEDF concentrations in serum and lower PEDF mRNA abundance in scAT on day 21 postpartum.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	LOC100337325	Bos taurus	102-106
30277580-0	2018	Responses of MAC-T Cells to Inhibited Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 during cis-9, trans-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Synthesis.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	38-63
29750812-2	2018	The emission bands in non-heated desi ghee centred at 375 nm is labelled for vitamin D, 390 nm for vitamin K, 440-460 nm for isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), 490 nm for vitamin A and the region 620-700 nm is assigned to chlorophyll contents.	Linoleic Acid	147-160	desumoylating isopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	33-37
29363790-0	2018	Linoleic acid induces an increased response to insulin in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	47-54
29052029-0	2018	Migration and invasion induced by linoleic acid are mediated through fascin in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	fascin actin-bundling protein 1	Homo sapiens	69-75
29500565-5	2018	When exposed to linoleic acid (500 muM) and TNF-alpha (125 ng/mL) to promote chronic adiposity, linoleic acid treatment resulted in increased intracellular triglycerides and subsequent TNF-alpha treatment resulted in significantly altered adipocytokine signaling, fatty acid metabolism, and PPAR signaling, in addition to upregulation of multiple MMPs in spheroids vs. monolayer.	Linoleic Acid	16-29	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	291-295
29500565-5	2018	When exposed to linoleic acid (500 muM) and TNF-alpha (125 ng/mL) to promote chronic adiposity, linoleic acid treatment resulted in increased intracellular triglycerides and subsequent TNF-alpha treatment resulted in significantly altered adipocytokine signaling, fatty acid metabolism, and PPAR signaling, in addition to upregulation of multiple MMPs in spheroids vs. monolayer.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	44-53
29500565-5	2018	When exposed to linoleic acid (500 muM) and TNF-alpha (125 ng/mL) to promote chronic adiposity, linoleic acid treatment resulted in increased intracellular triglycerides and subsequent TNF-alpha treatment resulted in significantly altered adipocytokine signaling, fatty acid metabolism, and PPAR signaling, in addition to upregulation of multiple MMPs in spheroids vs. monolayer.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	185-194
29500565-5	2018	When exposed to linoleic acid (500 muM) and TNF-alpha (125 ng/mL) to promote chronic adiposity, linoleic acid treatment resulted in increased intracellular triglycerides and subsequent TNF-alpha treatment resulted in significantly altered adipocytokine signaling, fatty acid metabolism, and PPAR signaling, in addition to upregulation of multiple MMPs in spheroids vs. monolayer.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	291-295
29388724-0	2018	Adiposity Associated Plasma Linoleic Acid is Related to Demographic, Metabolic Health and Haplotypes of FADS1/2 Genes in Irish Adults.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	104-109
29659960-1	2018	Background: trans-10,cis-12 Conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) is a dietary supplement that promotes weight loss by increasing fat oxidation and energy expenditure.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	clasper	Mus musculus	62-65
29515239-5	2018	RESULTS: In the multivariable-adjusted analyses, both serum total n-6 PUFA and linoleic acid, the predominant n-6 PUFA, were associated with lower CRP.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	147-150
29476327-3	2018	Endoplasmic reticulum-associated delta-12 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) is the key enzyme responsible for converting oleic acid (18:1) precursors to linoleic acid (18:2) in the lipid biosynthetic pathway.	Linoleic Acid	150-163	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	67-71
29342349-5	2018	Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the optimal phospholipid binding mode leading to a detailed understanding of the preference of cytosolic phospholipase A2 for cleavage of proinflammatory arachidonic acid, calcium-independent phospholipase A2, which is involved in membrane remodeling for cleavage of linoleic acid and for antibacterial secreted phospholipase A2 favoring linoleic acid, saturated fatty acids, and phosphatidylglycerol.	Linoleic Acid	307-320	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	135-161
29342349-5	2018	Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the optimal phospholipid binding mode leading to a detailed understanding of the preference of cytosolic phospholipase A2 for cleavage of proinflammatory arachidonic acid, calcium-independent phospholipase A2, which is involved in membrane remodeling for cleavage of linoleic acid and for antibacterial secreted phospholipase A2 favoring linoleic acid, saturated fatty acids, and phosphatidylglycerol.	Linoleic Acid	307-320	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	212-248
29342349-5	2018	Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the optimal phospholipid binding mode leading to a detailed understanding of the preference of cytosolic phospholipase A2 for cleavage of proinflammatory arachidonic acid, calcium-independent phospholipase A2, which is involved in membrane remodeling for cleavage of linoleic acid and for antibacterial secreted phospholipase A2 favoring linoleic acid, saturated fatty acids, and phosphatidylglycerol.	Linoleic Acid	307-320	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	145-161
29342349-5	2018	Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the optimal phospholipid binding mode leading to a detailed understanding of the preference of cytosolic phospholipase A2 for cleavage of proinflammatory arachidonic acid, calcium-independent phospholipase A2, which is involved in membrane remodeling for cleavage of linoleic acid and for antibacterial secreted phospholipase A2 favoring linoleic acid, saturated fatty acids, and phosphatidylglycerol.	Linoleic Acid	378-391	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	135-161
29342349-5	2018	Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the optimal phospholipid binding mode leading to a detailed understanding of the preference of cytosolic phospholipase A2 for cleavage of proinflammatory arachidonic acid, calcium-independent phospholipase A2, which is involved in membrane remodeling for cleavage of linoleic acid and for antibacterial secreted phospholipase A2 favoring linoleic acid, saturated fatty acids, and phosphatidylglycerol.	Linoleic Acid	378-391	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	212-248
29342349-5	2018	Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the optimal phospholipid binding mode leading to a detailed understanding of the preference of cytosolic phospholipase A2 for cleavage of proinflammatory arachidonic acid, calcium-independent phospholipase A2, which is involved in membrane remodeling for cleavage of linoleic acid and for antibacterial secreted phospholipase A2 favoring linoleic acid, saturated fatty acids, and phosphatidylglycerol.	Linoleic Acid	378-391	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	145-161
29513100-6	2018	Linoleic acid concentrations were significantly lower in cftr-/- mice compared to heterozygotes ( P = 0.03) and wild type mice ( P &lt; 0.001).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	57-61
29473818-1	2018	Nitro-conjugated linoleic acid (NO2-CLA) is formed by metabolic and inflammatory reactions of nitric oxide and nitrite, and represents the most abundant nitro-fatty acid species in humans.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	36-39
29515239-6	2018	The mean CRP concentrations in quartiles of linoleic acid were 1.86, 1.51, 1.53, and 1.37 mg/L (P-trend = 0.001).	Linoleic Acid	44-57	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	9-12
29515239-11	2018	In contrast, the main n-6 PUFA linoleic acid had a strong inverse association with the key inflammation marker, CRP.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	112-115
29663401-10	2018	The current study revealed that, after adjustment for energy intake, the AA genotype of PPARGC1A (rs11290186) had a direct association with polyunsaturated fatty acids and linoleic acid intakes.	Linoleic Acid	172-185	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	88-96
29513100-9	2018	The arachidonic/docosahexaenoic acid ratio did not differ but arachidonic/linoleic acid ratio was higher in cftr-/- mice compared to wild type mice ( P = 0.007).	Linoleic Acid	74-87	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	108-112
29332207-8	2018	In addition, in quadriceps mitochondria of p43-Tg mice, we found an increase of linoleic acid level and unsaturation index.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1	Mus musculus	43-46
29401538-0	2018	Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Leptin Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	leptin	Homo sapiens	38-44
29401538-1	2018	The results of human clinical trials examining the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on leptin concentration are inconsistent.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	leptin	Homo sapiens	96-102
29401538-2	2018	Our objective was to elucidate the role of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on leptin through a systematic review and a meta-analysis of available randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs).	Linoleic Acid	54-67	leptin	Homo sapiens	87-93
29330355-3	2018	The essential fatty acid linoleic acid is crucial for the structure of the epidermal barrier, while polyunsaturated fatty acids act as precursors to eicosanoids, octadecanoids and docosanoids through cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase-mediated reactions, and endocannabinoids and N-acyl ethanolamines.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	cytochrome P450 family 20 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	233-262
29514429-4	2018	Also, some LAB bacteria are able to produce CLA and CLnA isomers from linoleic and linolenic acids.	Linoleic Acid	70-78	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	44-47
29385741-6	2018	PPAR-beta (linoleic acid) reversed the inhibition of NO release, whereas PPAR-gamma (Ly171883) reversed the inhibitions of NO release and lipid accumulation in the presence of calcitriol.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	0-9
28962890-14	2018	The GC-MS analysis results showed that RhA contained a large number of unsaturated fatty acids, such as octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid), octadecatrienoic acid (linolenic acid), and oleate, which might represent the anticancer components of the extract.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	HCL2	Homo sapiens	39-42
29238025-1	2018	Edible fats and oils are among the basic components of the human diet, along with carbohydrates and proteins, and they are the source of high energy and essential fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic acids.	Linoleic Acid	183-191	chromosome 10 open reading frame 90	Homo sapiens	7-11
29449902-7	2018	A dose-dependent GPR120 response to linoleic acid treatment is revealed by SERS.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	17-23
29130749-2	2018	AIM: As conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)is a potential growth promotor in newborns, the present pilot study aimed at measuring the effect of synbiotic supplementation on breast milk CLA level.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	34-37
29130749-2	2018	AIM: As conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)is a potential growth promotor in newborns, the present pilot study aimed at measuring the effect of synbiotic supplementation on breast milk CLA level.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	180-183
29275413-2	2018	The findings of this study suggest that the activities of enzymes involved in the metabolism of linoleic acid (LA), that is, delta-6 desaturase, are higher in CD patients than in healthy individuals.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	125-143
29219061-0	2018	Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation on Serum Leptin Concentration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	leptin	Homo sapiens	60-66
29219061-1	2018	BACKGROUND: There are controversies regarding the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on serum leptin.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	leptin	Homo sapiens	100-106
29219061-4	2018	The searches included RCTs conducted among human adults, and studies on the effect of conjugated linoleic acid on serum leptin concentrations as outcome variables.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	leptin	Homo sapiens	120-126
28556504-0	2017	Effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on serum C-reactive protein: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	61-79
29269872-9	2017	Caspase-3 was also activated by linoleic acid (LA)(C18:2) but not by gamma-linolenic acid (gamma-LNA)(C18:3).	Linoleic Acid	32-45	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	0-9
29232927-4	2017	The putative involvement of lipase enzymes in lutein esterification in flours is discussed, particularly regarding the preferential esterification of the hydroxyl group with linoleic acid at the 3" in the epsilon-ring of the lutein molecule.	Linoleic Acid	174-187	probable feruloyl esterase A	Triticum aestivum	28-34
28753183-4	2018	IGF-1 had positive associations with linoleic acid (LA) at 2 days and 4 months and mead acid (MA) showed positive associations in cord blood.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
29293770-10	2017	At calving, PUFA-supplemented cows had a greater ( &lt; 0.01) proportion (as % of total plasma fatty acids) of PUFA, including linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids.	Linoleic Acid	127-135	PUFA	Bos taurus	12-16
29022634-7	2017	Linoleic acid also suppressed the expression of NF-kappaB subunit p50 and restored PPARalpha.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	66-69
28939428-5	2017	Real-time PCR technology demonstrated that, in zebrafish cd36 (zcd36)-transfected cells, linoleic acid (LA) increased the expression level of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TPH-1), which encodes the enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of monoamine neurotransmitter of 5-HT.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	CD36 molecule (thrombospondin receptor)	Danio rerio	57-61
28939428-5	2017	Real-time PCR technology demonstrated that, in zebrafish cd36 (zcd36)-transfected cells, linoleic acid (LA) increased the expression level of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TPH-1), which encodes the enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of monoamine neurotransmitter of 5-HT.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	CD36 molecule (thrombospondin receptor)	Danio rerio	63-68
27627219-1	2017	INTRODUCTION: Ruminant trans-fatty acids, especially cis9, trans11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) and trans11-18:1 vaccenic acid (t11-18:1 VA) appear to have anticarcinogenic activity against breast cancer in animal and in vitro experiments.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	100-103
28270376-7	2017	RESULTS: RBC and Hb values as well as the activity of SOD and GSH-PX were reduced after administration of linoleic acid, which was ameliorated by treatment with PA or HW.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	glutathione peroxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	62-68
29213245-8	2017	Addition of exogenous fibrinogen, leptin, linoleic, or palmitic acid increased thrombin generation in plasma whereas adiponectin had an opposite effect.	Linoleic Acid	42-50	coagulation factor II	Rattus norvegicus	79-87
29022634-7	2017	Linoleic acid also suppressed the expression of NF-kappaB subunit p50 and restored PPARalpha.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	83-92
29022634-8	2017	This leads to the conclusion that linoleic acid from A. brasiliensis could reduce NO production and inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells by the inhibition of p50 and via the activation of PPARalpha.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	162-165
29022634-8	2017	This leads to the conclusion that linoleic acid from A. brasiliensis could reduce NO production and inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells by the inhibition of p50 and via the activation of PPARalpha.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	192-201
29120353-3	2017	Use of a highly sensitive separation column resulted in improved FA profiles that showed that, when milk was subjected to both pasteurization and homogenization, the release of the 18-carbon FAs, oleic acid, linoleic acid (an omega-6 FA), rumenic acid (a conjugated linoleic acid, CLA), and linolenic acid (an omega-3 FA) tended to be higher than with either pasteurization or homogenization, or with no treatment.	Linoleic Acid	208-221	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	281-284
28992312-4	2017	The most potent inhibitors for AKR1C1, AKR1C2 and AKR1C4 were docosahexaenoic acid (Ki 0.77 microM), palmitoleic acid (Ki 0.41 microM) and linoleic acid (Ki 0.33 microM), respectively.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1	Homo sapiens	31-37
28963918-9	2017	Furthermore, plasma fatty acids were higher in non-statin treated FH children, particularly linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	66-68
28918508-3	2017	Previously, production of relatively high levels of this unusual fatty acid in the seed oil of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plant was accomplished by the use of A. thaliana fad3/fae1 mutant high in linoleic acid (18:2 9c,12c) and by co-expression of P. granatum FATTY ACID CONJUGASE (PgFADX) with Delta12-DESATURASE (FAD2).	Linoleic Acid	201-214	fatty acid desaturase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	176-180
28918508-3	2017	Previously, production of relatively high levels of this unusual fatty acid in the seed oil of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plant was accomplished by the use of A. thaliana fad3/fae1 mutant high in linoleic acid (18:2 9c,12c) and by co-expression of P. granatum FATTY ACID CONJUGASE (PgFADX) with Delta12-DESATURASE (FAD2).	Linoleic Acid	201-214	3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 18	Arabidopsis thaliana	181-185
28757355-1	2017	15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) oxygenates linoleic acid to 13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE).	Linoleic Acid	40-53	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	19-27
28754711-0	2017	10-oxo-12(Z)-octadecenoic acid, a linoleic acid metabolite produced by gut lactic acid bacteria, enhances energy metabolism by activation of TRPV1.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Mus musculus	141-146
28992312-4	2017	The most potent inhibitors for AKR1C1, AKR1C2 and AKR1C4 were docosahexaenoic acid (Ki 0.77 microM), palmitoleic acid (Ki 0.41 microM) and linoleic acid (Ki 0.33 microM), respectively.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2	Homo sapiens	39-45
28992312-4	2017	The most potent inhibitors for AKR1C1, AKR1C2 and AKR1C4 were docosahexaenoic acid (Ki 0.77 microM), palmitoleic acid (Ki 0.41 microM) and linoleic acid (Ki 0.33 microM), respectively.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4	Homo sapiens	50-56
28992312-5	2017	AKR1C3 was the most sensitive to FA inhibition, showing low Ki values (0.23-0.29 microM) for oleic, linoleic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids.	Linoleic Acid	100-108	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3	Homo sapiens	0-6
28992312-6	2017	Linoleic and oleic acids also inhibited AKR1C3-mediated metabolism of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone in colon DLD1 cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-8	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3	Homo sapiens	40-46
28424210-6	2017	Compared with littermates, deletion of Ucp2 exacerbated I/R-induced AKI whereas increase of UCP2 by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) attenuated I/R injury.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	92-96
29064409-7	2017	Serum CTX was negatively associated with red blood cell membrane linoleic acid and ALA and positively associated with membrane DHA.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
29093726-2	2017	The biological switch of oleic acid to linoleic acid is facilitated by fatty acid desaturase 2 enzyme that is further classified into FAD2-1, FAD2-2, FAD2-3, and FAD2-4.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	NOC3 like DNA replication regulator	Homo sapiens	162-168
28945993-0	2017	Trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10-c12 CLA) treatment and caloric restriction differentially affect adipocyte cell turnover in obese and lean mice.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	clasper	Mus musculus	50-53
28945993-1	2017	Caloric restriction (CR) is one of the most promising strategies for weight loss but is associated with loss of lean mass, whereas compounds such as trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10-c12 CLA) have been promoted as antiobesity agents.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	clasper	Mus musculus	199-202
28551025-2	2017	CYP isoforms metabolize a number of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including linoleic acid (18:2n6, LA), arachidonic acid (20:4n6, AA), ecosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3, DHA) into bioactive lipid mediators, termed eicosanoids.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	peptidylprolyl isomerase G	Homo sapiens	0-3
28827690-7	2017	Linoleic acid, but not ethanol or acetaldehyde, induced ALOX15 expression in Hepa-1c1c7 cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	56-62
28822549-12	2017	Milk taste was not affected by the proportion of gDDGS in the diet or when milk was stored for 7 d. Linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid cis-9,trans-11 in milk increased with increasing proportion of gDDGS.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
28987717-1	2017	Dietary supplementation with pure cis9, trans11 isomer of Conjugated Linoleic Acid -known as Rumenic Acid (RA)- improves cytoprotective defenses downstream through the activation of nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2(Nrf2).	Linoleic Acid	69-82	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	217-221
28495632-2	2017	The results showed that EPS-Ca6 had a potential antioxidant activity determined through four different assays: DPPH scavenging activity, reducing power, beta-carotene bleaching by linoleic acid assay, and Metal chelating activities.	Linoleic Acid	180-193	carbonic anhydrase 6	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
28651330-1	2017	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA) is a dietary fatty acid that promotes weight loss and disproportionate fat loss.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	clasper	Mus musculus	49-52
28283797-2	2017	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and Protandim have been shown to activate nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor for the antioxidant response element and anti-inflammatory pathways.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	73-114
27960561-0	2017	Dietary essential alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid differentially modulate TNFalpha-induced NFkappaB activity in FADS2-deficient HEK-293 cells.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	81-89
27960561-0	2017	Dietary essential alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid differentially modulate TNFalpha-induced NFkappaB activity in FADS2-deficient HEK-293 cells.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	98-106
27960561-0	2017	Dietary essential alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid differentially modulate TNFalpha-induced NFkappaB activity in FADS2-deficient HEK-293 cells.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	119-124
28555106-6	2017	The Nrf2 expression was dose-dependently decreased in cells treated with increasing concentrations of linoleic acid, but the Nrf2 expression level was still found higher than the control cells.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	4-8
28555106-6	2017	The Nrf2 expression was dose-dependently decreased in cells treated with increasing concentrations of linoleic acid, but the Nrf2 expression level was still found higher than the control cells.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	125-129
28503188-0	2017	Impact of 8-week linoleic acid intake in soy oil on Lp-PLA2 activity in healthy adults.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	52-59
28503188-2	2017	We aimed to determine whether the administration of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) in soy oil affected Lp-PLA2 activity in healthy adults.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	100-107
28131815-6	2017	Linoleic acid, a major sebum component, was found to induce TSLP expression dose-dependently in keratinocytes.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	thymic stromal lymphopoietin	Homo sapiens	60-64
28347782-2	2017	In this work the aggregation behavior of t10,c12 Conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) is presented for first time.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	83-86
26707994-6	2017	RESULTS: We report evidence of changes in the methylation levels of the CpG island at the Vegfb promoter and in the Vegfb expression levels in vivo and in vitro by dietary fatty acid, with the main contribution of the linoleic fatty acid.	Linoleic Acid	218-237	vascular endothelial growth factor B	Rattus norvegicus	90-95
26707994-6	2017	RESULTS: We report evidence of changes in the methylation levels of the CpG island at the Vegfb promoter and in the Vegfb expression levels in vivo and in vitro by dietary fatty acid, with the main contribution of the linoleic fatty acid.	Linoleic Acid	218-237	vascular endothelial growth factor B	Rattus norvegicus	116-121
28248300-4	2017	In Pnpla1-/- epidermis, unique linoleate-containing lipids including acylceramides, acylglucosylceramides and (O-acyl)-omega-hydroxy fatty acids are almost absent with reciprocal increases in their putative precursors, indicating that PNPLA1 catalyses the omega-O-esterification with linoleic acid to form acylceramides.	Linoleic Acid	31-40	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	3-9
28248300-4	2017	In Pnpla1-/- epidermis, unique linoleate-containing lipids including acylceramides, acylglucosylceramides and (O-acyl)-omega-hydroxy fatty acids are almost absent with reciprocal increases in their putative precursors, indicating that PNPLA1 catalyses the omega-O-esterification with linoleic acid to form acylceramides.	Linoleic Acid	284-297	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	3-9
28248318-3	2017	Here, we identify PNPLA1 as the long-sought gene involved in the final step of acylceramide synthesis, esterification of omega-hydroxyceramide with linoleic acid, by cell-based assays.	Linoleic Acid	148-161	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	18-24
28248318-4	2017	We show that increasing triglyceride levels by overproduction of the diacylglycerol acyltransferase DGAT2 stimulates acylceramide production, suggesting that triglyceride may act as a linoleic acid donor.	Linoleic Acid	184-197	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	100-105
28456993-0	2017	Linoleic acid induces migration and invasion through FFAR4- and PI3K-/Akt-dependent pathway in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	53-58
28456993-0	2017	Linoleic acid induces migration and invasion through FFAR4- and PI3K-/Akt-dependent pathway in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
28360100-5	2017	Major food-associated TFAs such as elaidic acid (EA), linoelaidic acid, and trans-vaccenic acid, but not their corresponding cis isomers, dramatically enhanced extracellular ATP-induced apoptosis, accompanied by elevated activation of the ASK1-p38 pathway in a macrophage-like cell line, RAW264.7.	Linoleic Acid	54-70	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	239-243
27609488-5	2017	Finally, their inhibitory activity towards soybean lipoxygenase was evaluated, using linoleic acid as substrate.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	51-63
28503432-8	2017	Factor 2 was characterized by oleic acid, monounsaturated fats, polyunsaturated fats, linoleic acid, trans fatty acid, linolenic acid, vitamin E and saturated fats (fatty acid pattern).	Linoleic Acid	86-99	transcription termination factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-8
28171706-8	2017	Dietary linoleic acid supplementation significantly reduced GM2 and GM3 , and furthermore, improved exploratory behaviour as assessed by the open field test, highlighting the possibility of further exploring dietary intervention as a therapeutic consideration.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	cytochrome b5 domain containing 2	Mus musculus	60-63
28171706-8	2017	Dietary linoleic acid supplementation significantly reduced GM2 and GM3 , and furthermore, improved exploratory behaviour as assessed by the open field test, highlighting the possibility of further exploring dietary intervention as a therapeutic consideration.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	granulocyte macrophage antigen 3	Mus musculus	68-71
28074319-1	2017	We previously reported that the trans-18:2 fatty acid trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) stimulates mammary gland development independent of estrogen and its receptor.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	clasper	Mus musculus	105-108
28283797-2	2017	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and Protandim have been shown to activate nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor for the antioxidant response element and anti-inflammatory pathways.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	116-120
27883264-2	2017	We used standardized batch incubations and the Mucosal-Simulator of the Human Microbial Intestinal Ecosystem (M-SHIME) to show the in vitro luminal and mucosal effects of the main PUFA in the Western diet, linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	206-219	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	180-184
28245284-1	2017	BACKGROUND: Widely used as a weight loss supplement, trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA) promotes fat loss in obese mice and humans, but has also been associated with insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	clasper	Mus musculus	101-104
28382895-7	2017	Whole serum desaturase activities were estimated as product:precursor ratios - gamma-linolenic acid:linoleic acid for D6D and arachidonic acid:dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid for D5D.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	118-121
27527582-3	2017	Delta-5 and Delta-6 desaturase enzymes, encoded for by FADS1 and FADS2 genes, are key desaturation enzymes involved in the bioconversion of essential fatty acids (alphaLNA and linoleic acid (LA)) to longer chained PUFA.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
28012856-7	2017	Further, in HCC patients, FNDC5/Irisin mRNA tended to correlate to plasma lipid profile namely triglycerides, palmitic/linoleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratios.	Linoleic Acid	119-132	fibronectin type III domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	26-31
28012856-7	2017	Further, in HCC patients, FNDC5/Irisin mRNA tended to correlate to plasma lipid profile namely triglycerides, palmitic/linoleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratios.	Linoleic Acid	119-132	fibronectin type III domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	32-38
27527582-3	2017	Delta-5 and Delta-6 desaturase enzymes, encoded for by FADS1 and FADS2 genes, are key desaturation enzymes involved in the bioconversion of essential fatty acids (alphaLNA and linoleic acid (LA)) to longer chained PUFA.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
27527582-3	2017	Delta-5 and Delta-6 desaturase enzymes, encoded for by FADS1 and FADS2 genes, are key desaturation enzymes involved in the bioconversion of essential fatty acids (alphaLNA and linoleic acid (LA)) to longer chained PUFA.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	214-218
27517171-0	2017	Supplementation with linoleic acid-rich soybean oil stimulates macrophage foam cell formation via increased oxidative stress and diacylglycerol acyltransferase1-mediated triglyceride biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	129-160
27923813-2	2017	Nitro-conjugated linoleic acid (NO2-CLA) is preferentially formed, constitutes the most abundant nitrated fatty acid in humans, and contains two carbons that could potentially react with thiols, modulating signaling actions and levels.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	36-39
27924729-2	2017	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers (cis9, trans11 and trans10, cis12) are putative PPAR-gamma agonists, but have not previously been investigated in the context of HIVassociated lipodystrophy.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	87-97
29474768-1	2017	Binding of clopidogrel to serum albumin has been characterized in the presence and absence of linoleic acid by equilibrium dialysis method where ranitidine and diazepam were used as specific probes.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	albumin	Homo sapiens	26-39
29474768-5	2017	At higher concentrations, linoleic acid displaced clopidogrel from its binding sites on serum albumin.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	albumin	Homo sapiens	88-101
27643621-6	2017	The treatment that promoted the highest expression of PPARgamma was 50 microM of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) c9 t11 (6.44 +- 0.69-fold, p &lt;= 0.0001) in the adipose differentiation, and upregulation of HX2, ACCAalpha, ATGL, LPL and G6DP (p &lt;= 0.0001) and downregulation of PFK and ACCAbeta (p &lt;= 0.0001) were found.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Sus scrofa	54-63
27643621-6	2017	The treatment that promoted the highest expression of PPARgamma was 50 microM of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) c9 t11 (6.44 +- 0.69-fold, p &lt;= 0.0001) in the adipose differentiation, and upregulation of HX2, ACCAalpha, ATGL, LPL and G6DP (p &lt;= 0.0001) and downregulation of PFK and ACCAbeta (p &lt;= 0.0001) were found.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2	Sus scrofa	223-227
28592972-1	2017	Polycaprolactone/polyurethane (PCL/PU) fibrous scaffold was loaded with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) by electrospinning method to improve the hemocompatibility of the polymeric surface.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	98-101
27466783-0	2016	Conjugated linoleic acid rat pretreatment reduces renal damage in ischemia/reperfusion injury: Unraveling antiapoptotic mechanisms and regulation of phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	164-193
27865506-0	2017	Synthesis of the suspected trans-11,cis-13 conjugated linoleic acid isomer in ruminant mammary tissue by FADS3-catalyzed Delta13-desaturation of vaccenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	fatty acid desaturase 3	Bos taurus	105-110
27306474-6	2016	In response to hydroxynonenal generated from linoleic or arachidonic acids by the reactive oxygen species, a specific oxidative injury "carbonylation" occurs at the key site Arg469 of Hsp70.1.	Linoleic Acid	45-53	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A	Homo sapiens	184-191
28066685-5	2016	RESULTS: In the conditioned medium of human Muller cells, linoleic and oleic acid increased VEGF production by 6.4-fold and 9.9-fold, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	58-66	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	92-96
28066685-6	2016	Linoleic acid also significantly increased IL-6 by 2.9-fold and IL-8 by 5.7-fold.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	43-47
28066685-6	2016	Linoleic acid also significantly increased IL-6 by 2.9-fold and IL-8 by 5.7-fold.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	64-68
28066685-8	2016	Linoleic acid increased IL-8 concentrations by 56% in human RMEC conditioned medium.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	24-28
27736732-0	2016	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) promotes endurance capacity via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta-mediated mechanism in mice.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	63-111
27736732-1	2016	Previously, it was reported that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) with exercise training potentially improved endurance capacity via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta)-mediated mechanism in mice.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	135-183
27736732-1	2016	Previously, it was reported that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) with exercise training potentially improved endurance capacity via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta)-mediated mechanism in mice.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	185-194
27452044-0	2016	alpha-Linoleic acid enhances the capacity of alpha-1 antitrypsin to inhibit lipopolysaccharide induced IL-1beta in human blood neutrophils.	Linoleic Acid	0-19	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	45-64
27452044-0	2016	alpha-Linoleic acid enhances the capacity of alpha-1 antitrypsin to inhibit lipopolysaccharide induced IL-1beta in human blood neutrophils.	Linoleic Acid	0-19	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	103-111
27778642-0	2017	Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Metformin on Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Children: Randomized Clinical Trial.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	insulin	Homo sapiens	53-60
27778642-3	2017	Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of metformin and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on insulin sensitivity, measured via euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique and insulin pathway expression molecules in muscle biopsies of children with obesity.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	insulin	Homo sapiens	103-110
28540308-13	2017	We conclude that serum linoleic acid level is negatively correlated with the accumulation of visceral fat in relation to a reduction of insulin resistance in Japanese subjects.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	insulin	Homo sapiens	136-143
29318046-8	2017	Results and Conclusion: Mice that were on a diet supplemented with the higher dose of oxidized linoleic acid showed a 39% decrease in hepatic PPAR-alpha and a significant decrease in the plasma HDL levels compared to the mice that were fed diets of plain and linoleic acid supplemented chow.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	142-152
27539101-5	2016	Many significant associations were found between the increase of IL-6, resp. SAA and the amounts of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (namely linoleic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic, docosatetraenoic and docosapentaenoic acid), resp. saturated fatty acids (pentadecanoic, stearic, nonadecanoic) in erythrocyte membranes.	Linoleic Acid	140-148	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	65-69
27539101-5	2016	Many significant associations were found between the increase of IL-6, resp. SAA and the amounts of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (namely linoleic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic, docosatetraenoic and docosapentaenoic acid), resp. saturated fatty acids (pentadecanoic, stearic, nonadecanoic) in erythrocyte membranes.	Linoleic Acid	140-148	serum amyloid A1 cluster	Homo sapiens	77-80
27832777-1	2016	BACKGROUND: 9s-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid (9S-HOD), one of the natural products of linoleic acid oxygenation by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX), has been found to have anti-tumor properties in vitro and in vivo.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	114-129
27500884-4	2016	Here, we demonstrate that a mutation of the histone acetyltransferase GCN5 can decrease the ratio of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) to linoleic acid (LA) in seed oil.	Linoleic Acid	131-144	general control non-repressible 5	Arabidopsis thaliana	70-74
27832777-1	2016	BACKGROUND: 9s-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid (9S-HOD), one of the natural products of linoleic acid oxygenation by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX), has been found to have anti-tumor properties in vitro and in vivo.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	131-137
27466433-11	2016	5 muM of linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid or arachidonic acid and 250 muM palmitic acid repressed CCK expression significantly.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	cholecystokinin	Columba livia	101-104
27665999-8	2016	Linoleic and arachidonic acids also effectively inhibited AKR1B10-mediated 4-oxo-2-nonenal metabolism in HCT-15 cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-8	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens	58-65
27378407-0	2016	Molecular cloning and functional characterization of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (Alox5), and its expression in response to the ratio of linolenic acid to linoleic acid in diets of large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea).	Linoleic Acid	155-168	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Larimichthys crocea	53-80
27378407-0	2016	Molecular cloning and functional characterization of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (Alox5), and its expression in response to the ratio of linolenic acid to linoleic acid in diets of large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea).	Linoleic Acid	155-168	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Larimichthys crocea	82-87
27378407-1	2016	This study was conducted to clone and functionally characterize a full-length cDNA encoding arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (Alox5) from large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea) and investigate its gene expression in response to graded dietary ratio of linolenic acid (ALA) to linoleic acid (LNA) (0.03, 0.06, 0.45, 0.90 and 1.51).	Linoleic Acid	274-287	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Larimichthys crocea	92-119
27378407-1	2016	This study was conducted to clone and functionally characterize a full-length cDNA encoding arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (Alox5) from large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea) and investigate its gene expression in response to graded dietary ratio of linolenic acid (ALA) to linoleic acid (LNA) (0.03, 0.06, 0.45, 0.90 and 1.51).	Linoleic Acid	274-287	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Larimichthys crocea	121-126
27733139-4	2016	Previously, we generated soybean lines with knockout mutations within fatty acid desaturase 2-1A (FAD2-1A) and FAD2-1B genes, resulting in oil with increased levels of monounsaturated oleic acid (18:1) and decreased levels of linoleic (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3).	Linoleic Acid	226-234	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	111-118
29235833-6	2016	Research of lipoxygenase substrate dependence indicated that the enzyme  catalysed with the maximum velocity of the reaction of arachidonic acid oxidation at a substrate concentration of 4.5 mM at pH 7.2, the reaction of linoleic acid oxidation at a substrate concentration of 4.5 mM at pH 7.2 and the reaction of linolenic acid oxidation at a substrate concentration of 9.0 mM at pH 8.0.	Linoleic Acid	221-234	LOC543232	Triticum aestivum	12-24
26286349-7	2016	In vitro fermentation resulted in the formation of vaccenic acid (C18:1t11, 32.1 +- 3.2 % FAME; fatty acid methyl ester) and conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11 CLA, 2.4 +- 0.7 % FAME) exclusively in fermented walnut samples.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	complement C9	Homo sapiens	151-161
27698188-2	2016	Metabolic analysis of breast cancer cells shows that GRP78 silencing increases the intracellular concentrations of essential polyunsaturated fats, including linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	157-170	heat shock protein 5	Mus musculus	53-58
27698188-5	2016	We validated the effect of GRP78-regulated metabolite changes by treating tumor-bearing mice with tamoxifen and/or linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	heat shock protein 5	Mus musculus	27-32
30549604-8	2016	Linoleic acid reduced nitric oxide production and down regulated the expression of neuroinflammatory iNOS and COX2 genes in BV2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	101-105
30549604-8	2016	Linoleic acid reduced nitric oxide production and down regulated the expression of neuroinflammatory iNOS and COX2 genes in BV2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	110-114
27113332-0	2016	Transcriptional regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha isoforms in dairy ewes during conjugated linoleic acid induced milk fat depression.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha	Homo sapiens	30-58
27698188-7	2016	Inhibition of either GRP78 or linoleic acid treatment increased MCP-1 serum levels, decreased CD47 expression, and increased macrophage infiltration, suggesting a novel role for GRP78 in regulating innate immunity.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	mast cell protease 1	Mus musculus	64-69
27698188-7	2016	Inhibition of either GRP78 or linoleic acid treatment increased MCP-1 serum levels, decreased CD47 expression, and increased macrophage infiltration, suggesting a novel role for GRP78 in regulating innate immunity.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer)	Mus musculus	94-98
27698188-7	2016	Inhibition of either GRP78 or linoleic acid treatment increased MCP-1 serum levels, decreased CD47 expression, and increased macrophage infiltration, suggesting a novel role for GRP78 in regulating innate immunity.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	heat shock protein 5	Mus musculus	178-183
27358389-5	2016	Linoleic acid, a dietary fatty acid, induced via CD36 the phosphorylation of MEK1/2-ERK1/2-ETS-like transcription factor-1 cascade, which requires Fyn-Src kinase and lipid rafts in human taste bud cells (TBCs).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Mus musculus	77-83
27358389-5	2016	Linoleic acid, a dietary fatty acid, induced via CD36 the phosphorylation of MEK1/2-ERK1/2-ETS-like transcription factor-1 cascade, which requires Fyn-Src kinase and lipid rafts in human taste bud cells (TBCs).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	84-90
27358389-9	2016	Lingual inhibition of ERK1/2 in healthy volunteers also decreased orogustatory sensitivity for linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	22-28
28070532-4	2016	The expression of SCD and FASN genes is related to an increase in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in dairy products, which benefits human health.The aim of current study was to investigate expression changes of SCD and FASN genes that resulted from crossbreeding the local Baluchi sheep with alien breeds.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	18-21
28070532-4	2016	The expression of SCD and FASN genes is related to an increase in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in dairy products, which benefits human health.The aim of current study was to investigate expression changes of SCD and FASN genes that resulted from crossbreeding the local Baluchi sheep with alien breeds.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	fatty acid synthase	Homo sapiens	26-30
28070532-4	2016	The expression of SCD and FASN genes is related to an increase in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in dairy products, which benefits human health.The aim of current study was to investigate expression changes of SCD and FASN genes that resulted from crossbreeding the local Baluchi sheep with alien breeds.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	210-213
28070532-4	2016	The expression of SCD and FASN genes is related to an increase in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in dairy products, which benefits human health.The aim of current study was to investigate expression changes of SCD and FASN genes that resulted from crossbreeding the local Baluchi sheep with alien breeds.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	fatty acid synthase	Homo sapiens	218-222
27489857-0	2016	Elevated Linoleic Acid (A Pro-Inflammatory PUFA) and Liver Injury in a Treatment Naive HIV-HCV Co-Infected Alcohol Dependent Patient.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	43-47
27307050-5	2016	Recent studies have demonstrated that endogenous TRPV1 agonists are generated by oxidation of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, including both linoleic acid and arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	146-159	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	49-54
27363707-4	2016	Our results showed that natural (oleic and linoleic acid) and synthetic (GW9508) FFAR1/GPR40 agonists increased ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and Akt phosphorylation, and that the FFAR1/GPR40 antagonist GW1100 reduced these responses.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Bos taurus	112-118
27363707-4	2016	Our results showed that natural (oleic and linoleic acid) and synthetic (GW9508) FFAR1/GPR40 agonists increased ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and Akt phosphorylation, and that the FFAR1/GPR40 antagonist GW1100 reduced these responses.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	free fatty acid receptor 1	Bos taurus	167-172
27050409-6	2016	Moreover, the NLK g.630426A&gt;G SNP was significantly associated with IMF content and the fatty composition of arachidic, linoleic, as well as polyunsaturated FA and omega6 FA levels.	Linoleic Acid	123-131	nemo like kinase	Sus scrofa	14-17
27399664-4	2016	Oleic acid and linoleic acid were the principal fatty acids, which were significantly higher in PC4 and PC1, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4	Homo sapiens	96-99
27399664-4	2016	Oleic acid and linoleic acid were the principal fatty acids, which were significantly higher in PC4 and PC1, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
27350414-2	2016	These nutrition transitions are typified by an increased intake of high linoleic acid (LA) plant oils, due to their abundance and low price, resulting in an increase in the PUFA n-6:n-3 ratio.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	173-177
26305484-8	2016	Higher proportion of gamma-linolenic acid (beta = 0.324, P = 0.017) and lower proportion of linoleic acid (beta = -0.397, P = 0.005) in plasma CE were related to higher plasma irisin level among overweight/obese children, indicating the direct association of estimated D6D activity in plasma CE (beta = 0.343, P = 0.011) with plasma irisin.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	fibronectin type III domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	176-182
26305484-8	2016	Higher proportion of gamma-linolenic acid (beta = 0.324, P = 0.017) and lower proportion of linoleic acid (beta = -0.397, P = 0.005) in plasma CE were related to higher plasma irisin level among overweight/obese children, indicating the direct association of estimated D6D activity in plasma CE (beta = 0.343, P = 0.011) with plasma irisin.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	fibronectin type III domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	333-339
27151221-3	2016	Herein, we report the transformations of esterified linoleate proceed beyond the initial steps of oxidation and epoxyalcohol synthesis catalyzed by the consecutive actions of 12R-LOX and epidermal LOX3.	Linoleic Acid	52-61	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type	Homo sapiens	175-182
27151221-3	2016	Herein, we report the transformations of esterified linoleate proceed beyond the initial steps of oxidation and epoxyalcohol synthesis catalyzed by the consecutive actions of 12R-LOX and epidermal LOX3.	Linoleic Acid	52-61	arachidonate lipoxygenase 3	Homo sapiens	187-201
26965288-6	2016	The strongest drivers were the cytochrome P450-derived epoxide products of linoleic acid (leukotoxins) and their corresponding soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)-derived products (leukotoxin-diols).	Linoleic Acid	75-88	epoxide hydrolase 2	Homo sapiens	127-152
27255637-0	2016	Linoelaidic acid enhances adipogenic differentiation in adipose tissue-derived stromal cells through suppression of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in vitro.	Linoleic Acid	0-16	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	120-132
27255637-5	2016	Linoelaidic acid also down-regulated the levels of beta-catenin in cells and inhibited the accumulation of beta-catenin in cell nuclei.	Linoleic Acid	0-16	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	51-63
27255637-5	2016	Linoelaidic acid also down-regulated the levels of beta-catenin in cells and inhibited the accumulation of beta-catenin in cell nuclei.	Linoleic Acid	0-16	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	107-119
27255637-6	2016	Lithium chloride, an activator of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, antagonized the enhancement of linoelaidic acid on adipogenesis and up-regulated the levels of beta-catenin in ADSCs.	Linoleic Acid	91-107	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	38-50
27255637-7	2016	These results indicated that linoelaidic acid could enhance the adipogenic differentiation in ADSCs in vitro, which is partly due to the suppression of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway.	Linoleic Acid	29-45	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	156-168
28330183-4	2016	The purified LOX has molecular mass of approximately 97 kDa and showed high activity with linoleic acid than linolenic acid and arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	90-103	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-like	Vigna radiata	13-16
26965288-6	2016	The strongest drivers were the cytochrome P450-derived epoxide products of linoleic acid (leukotoxins) and their corresponding soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)-derived products (leukotoxin-diols).	Linoleic Acid	75-88	epoxide hydrolase 2	Homo sapiens	154-157
26995125-10	2016	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas alpha-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.	Linoleic Acid	111-130	PUFA	Ovis aries	151-155
27269715-8	2016	Pairwise comparison showed that individuals major homozygous for the SNP rs1000778 in the FADS3 gene had lower concentrations of ALA and linoleic acid (LA) in their breast milk.	Linoleic Acid	137-150	fatty acid desaturase 3	Homo sapiens	90-95
27062444-9	2016	Silencing of PPARgamma in FL83B cells significantly decreased ethanol (EtOH)-, linoleic acid-, and EtOH plus linoleic acid-induced lipid accumulation.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	13-22
27166937-2	2016	Exposure of CD4(+) T cells to free linoleic acid causes their ROS-mediated depletion, thereby favoring liver cancer growth.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	12-15
27062444-9	2016	Silencing of PPARgamma in FL83B cells significantly decreased ethanol (EtOH)-, linoleic acid-, and EtOH plus linoleic acid-induced lipid accumulation.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	13-22
26869446-0	2016	Linoleic acid permeabilizes gastric epithelial cells by increasing connexin 43 levels in the cell membrane via a GPR40- and Akt-dependent mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	67-78
26869446-0	2016	Linoleic acid permeabilizes gastric epithelial cells by increasing connexin 43 levels in the cell membrane via a GPR40- and Akt-dependent mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	free fatty acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	113-118
26869446-0	2016	Linoleic acid permeabilizes gastric epithelial cells by increasing connexin 43 levels in the cell membrane via a GPR40- and Akt-dependent mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	124-127
26954142-8	2016	The entire elk contains higher proportions of linoleic acid (C18:3n6), eicosenoic acid (C20:1n9), and arachidonic acid (C20:4n6) (p&lt;0.05).	Linoleic Acid	46-59	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 8	Homo sapiens	11-14
27081749-2	2016	Conjugated linoleic TAGs (containing 70.3 wt% CLAs; CLA-TAG) were prepared through lipase-catalyzed esterification of glycerol with commercial CLA mixtures (CLA-FFA).	Linoleic Acid	11-19	clasper	Mus musculus	46-49
26947306-0	2016	Characterization of the liver X receptor-dependent regulatory mechanism of goat stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 gene by linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	121-134	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Capra hircus	80-112
26947306-6	2016	Linoleic acid reduced endogenous expression of SCD1 and sterol regulatory element binding factor-1 (SREBF1) in goat mammary epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Capra hircus	47-51
26947306-6	2016	Linoleic acid reduced endogenous expression of SCD1 and sterol regulatory element binding factor-1 (SREBF1) in goat mammary epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1	Capra hircus	56-98
26947306-6	2016	Linoleic acid reduced endogenous expression of SCD1 and sterol regulatory element binding factor-1 (SREBF1) in goat mammary epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1	Capra hircus	100-106
26947306-7	2016	Further analysis indicated that both the sterol response element (SRE) and the nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) binding site in the SCD1 promoter were responsible for the inhibition effect by linoleic acid, whereas the effect was abrogated once NF-Y was deleted.	Linoleic Acid	183-196	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Capra hircus	123-127
26947306-9	2016	When goat mammary epithelial cells were cultured with linoleic acid, addition of T 4506585 markedly increased SCD1 transcription in controls, but had no effect on cells with a deleted SRE promoter.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Capra hircus	110-114
26947306-10	2016	These results demonstrated that linoleic acid can regulate SCD1 expression at the transcriptional level through SRE and NF-Y in a liver X receptor-dependent fashion in the goat mammary gland.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Capra hircus	59-63
27285685-7	2016	Linoleic acid (10 micro) increased PPARgamma gene expression relative to Diff cocktail in SC adipocytes, whereas linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic decreased SCD gene expression relative to control adipocytes and adipocytes incubated with Diff ( &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Bos taurus	35-44
27285685-7	2016	Linoleic acid (10 micro) increased PPARgamma gene expression relative to Diff cocktail in SC adipocytes, whereas linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic decreased SCD gene expression relative to control adipocytes and adipocytes incubated with Diff ( &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	113-126	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	157-160
27081749-2	2016	Conjugated linoleic TAGs (containing 70.3 wt% CLAs; CLA-TAG) were prepared through lipase-catalyzed esterification of glycerol with commercial CLA mixtures (CLA-FFA).	Linoleic Acid	11-19	clasper	Mus musculus	52-55
27081749-2	2016	Conjugated linoleic TAGs (containing 70.3 wt% CLAs; CLA-TAG) were prepared through lipase-catalyzed esterification of glycerol with commercial CLA mixtures (CLA-FFA).	Linoleic Acid	11-19	clasper	Mus musculus	52-55
26923704-13	2016	Linoleic acid, but not oleic acid or the sum of long-chain omega 3 fatty acids (w3), was associated with increased appendicular lean mass and decreased trunk adipose mass and insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	175-182
26701313-4	2016	LPS increased the systemic and organ levels of proinflammatory metabolites of linoleic acid including leukotoxin diols (9-,10-DHOME, 12-,13-DHOME) and octadecadienoic acids (9-HODE and 13-HODE) and arachidonic acid-derived prostanoid, PGE2, and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (8-, 12- and 15-HETE).	Linoleic Acid	78-91	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-3
27101759-1	2016	We hypothesize that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may be effective in preventing the changes in total and regional body composition and increases in interleukin (IL) 6 that occur as a result of hypogonadism.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	interleukin-6	Cavia porcellus	150-168
27013482-3	2016	Linoleic acid prevents acute clinical symptoms caused by polyunsaturated fatty acid-deficient diets and is the major precursor for ARA in most human diets.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 6	Homo sapiens	131-134
27013482-4	2016	Experimental diets with ARA as the sole n-6 similarly prevent symptoms but at a lower energy percentage than linoleic acid and show ARA is a precursor for linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 6	Homo sapiens	24-27
27013482-4	2016	Experimental diets with ARA as the sole n-6 similarly prevent symptoms but at a lower energy percentage than linoleic acid and show ARA is a precursor for linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 6	Homo sapiens	132-135
26879142-4	2016	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of linoleic acid (LA) and stearic acid (SA) on agouti-related protein (AgRP) expression and secretion in immortalized mouse hypothalamic N38 cells and to explore the likely underlying mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	agouti related neuropeptide	Mus musculus	107-129
26780430-0	2016	Trans10, cis12 conjugated linoleic acid inhibits 3T3-L1 adipocyte adipogenesis by elevating beta-catenin levels.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	92-104
26950614-11	2016	CCL2 secretion from 3T3-L1 adipocytes was inhibited by treatment with linoleic (LA) and oleic acid (OA) whereas chemerin secretion was induced.	Linoleic Acid	70-78	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	0-4
26889941-8	2016	Results showed that adrenal microsomal CYP21 activity was decreased by docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, AA, and linoleic acid, and CYP17 activity was inhibited by DPA, DHA, eicosapentaenoic acid, and AA.	Linoleic Acid	181-194	cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2	Homo sapiens	39-44
26898284-4	2016	For fatty acid composition, significant and consistent effects of the DGAT1 polymorphism were detected on C14:0, C16:0, C15:0, C16:1, C18:1 cis-9, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) cis-9,trans-11, C18:2 cis-9,cis-12, and C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 content (percent by weight, wt/wt %).	Linoleic Acid	158-171	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Bos taurus	70-75
26879219-3	2016	In this study, we investigated the effects of novel fatty acid metabolite derivatives of linoleic acid generated by the gut lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum on the Nrf2-ARE pathway.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	176-180
26879142-0	2016	Linoleic acid and stearic acid elicit opposite effects on AgRP expression and secretion via TLR4-dependent signaling pathways in immortalized hypothalamic N38 cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	agouti related neuropeptide	Mus musculus	58-62
26879142-0	2016	Linoleic acid and stearic acid elicit opposite effects on AgRP expression and secretion via TLR4-dependent signaling pathways in immortalized hypothalamic N38 cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	92-96
26867580-1	2016	Understanding gas migration pathways is critical to unraveling structure-function relationships in enzymes that process gaseous substrates such as O2, H2, and N2 This work investigates the role of a defined pathway for O2 in regulating the peroxidation of linoleic acid by soybean lipoxygenase 1.	Linoleic Acid	256-269	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	281-295
27101009-9	2016	The purified CmLOX10 and CmLOX13 recombinant enzymes exhibited maximum activity at different temperature and pH and both had higher affinity for linoleic acid than linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	145-158	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase 2-1, chloroplastic-like	Cucumis melo	13-20
27101009-9	2016	The purified CmLOX10 and CmLOX13 recombinant enzymes exhibited maximum activity at different temperature and pH and both had higher affinity for linoleic acid than linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	145-158	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase 2-1, chloroplastic-like	Cucumis melo	25-32
27101009-10	2016	Chromatogram analysis of reaction products from the CmLOX10 and CmLOX13 enzyme reaction revealed that both enzymes produced 13S-hydroperoxides when linoleic acid was used as substrate.	Linoleic Acid	148-161	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase 2-1, chloroplastic-like	Cucumis melo	52-59
27101009-10	2016	Chromatogram analysis of reaction products from the CmLOX10 and CmLOX13 enzyme reaction revealed that both enzymes produced 13S-hydroperoxides when linoleic acid was used as substrate.	Linoleic Acid	148-161	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase 2-1, chloroplastic-like	Cucumis melo	64-71
26879142-4	2016	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of linoleic acid (LA) and stearic acid (SA) on agouti-related protein (AgRP) expression and secretion in immortalized mouse hypothalamic N38 cells and to explore the likely underlying mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	agouti related neuropeptide	Mus musculus	131-135
26981882-8	2016	The levels of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and creatinine were significantly increased in the plasma of both C3H-FB and G6PDx-FB mice.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase X-linked	Mus musculus	118-123
26745387-3	2016	The expression of fads2 was 2-fold higher in S than in F rabbits, whereas enzyme activity was higher in F and more oriented toward the desaturation of linoleic acid (90%).	Linoleic Acid	151-164	acyl-CoA 6-desaturase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	18-23
25840667-1	2016	PURPOSE: The beneficial effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture (cis9, trans11, c9; trans10, cis12, t10) against gliadin-induced toxicity in HLA-DQ8-transgenic mice (DQ8) have been associated with improved duodenal cytoprotective mechanisms [nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2, Nrf2; acylpeptide hydrolase (APEH)/proteasome].	Linoleic Acid	46-59	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	288-292
25840667-1	2016	PURPOSE: The beneficial effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture (cis9, trans11, c9; trans10, cis12, t10) against gliadin-induced toxicity in HLA-DQ8-transgenic mice (DQ8) have been associated with improved duodenal cytoprotective mechanisms [nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2, Nrf2; acylpeptide hydrolase (APEH)/proteasome].	Linoleic Acid	46-59	acylpeptide hydrolase	Mus musculus	294-315
25840667-1	2016	PURPOSE: The beneficial effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture (cis9, trans11, c9; trans10, cis12, t10) against gliadin-induced toxicity in HLA-DQ8-transgenic mice (DQ8) have been associated with improved duodenal cytoprotective mechanisms [nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2, Nrf2; acylpeptide hydrolase (APEH)/proteasome].	Linoleic Acid	46-59	acylpeptide hydrolase	Mus musculus	317-321
26934227-6	2016	Disruption of mitochondrial function by linoleic acid, a fatty acid accumulated in NAFLD, causes more oxidative damage than other free fatty acids such as palmitic acid, and mediates selective loss of intrahepatic CD4(+) T lymphocytes.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	214-217
26937254-0	2016	DPP-4 inhibition improves early mortality, beta cell function, and adipose tissue inflammation in db/db mice fed a diet containing sucrose and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	143-156	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Mus musculus	0-5
26937254-2	2016	We previously demonstrated that DPP-4 inhibition ameliorated beta cell apoptosis and adipose tissue inflammation in beta cell-specific glucokinase haploinsufficient mice fed a diet containing a combination of sucrose and linoleic acid (SL).	Linoleic Acid	221-234	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Mus musculus	32-37
26603935-8	2016	RESULTS: Gene expression of MEG3 was upregulated in high-fat diet and ob/ob mice and increased by palmitate, oleate or linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	119-128	maternally expressed 3	Mus musculus	28-32
26752200-8	2016	Moreover, an InDel at position 738 on exon 3 of BnaC.TT2.a indicated a change of protein function that was significantly associated with seed coat color, linoleic acid (C18:2), and total FA content.	Linoleic Acid	154-167	Duplicated homeodomain-like superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	53-56
26657880-15	2016	Linoleic acid more strongly inhibited the GTPase activity of the Rep protein than dynasore.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	replication-associated protein	Beak and feather disease virus	65-68
26826429-3	2016	We have previously shown that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) prevents endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-82
27509982-0	2016	Probiotic Conjugated Linoleic Acid Mediated Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells by Downregulation of NFkappaB.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	98-106
26302035-11	2016	Saturated FA content of milk was decreased (P&lt;0.01) at both time-points in DDGS compared with CON cows, which resulted in an increase (P&lt;0.01) in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA, including cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	229-242	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	24-28
26481921-4	2016	The gas chromatography analysis showed that FAME composition was mainly composed of palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid methyl esters., and thus the mixed microalgal culture fed by domestic wastewaters has had comparable biodiesel conversion yields and FAME composition to mono-culture and pure cultures fed by synthetic culture media.	Linoleic Acid	123-131	benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
26560362-2	2016	Two types of the enzyme, 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2, have been recognized in mammals to have different abilities in the peroxidation of arachidonic acid and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	152-165	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	25-33
27450794-9	2016	Moreover, the expression of downstream proteins in JAK2-STAT3 pathway (IL-6, TNF-alpha and FAS) was up-regulated by high-dose linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	fatty acid synthase	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
27450794-10	2016	The increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha caused by high-dose linoleic acid were attenuated by JAK2 inhibitor AG490.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
27450794-10	2016	The increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha caused by high-dose linoleic acid were attenuated by JAK2 inhibitor AG490.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	33-42
27450794-10	2016	The increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha caused by high-dose linoleic acid were attenuated by JAK2 inhibitor AG490.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
27450794-11	2016	p-JAK2 protein was up-regulated, whereas p-STAT3, STAT3 and FAS proteins were down-regulated by high-dose linoleic acid in the presence of STAT3-siRNA.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	43-48
27450794-11	2016	p-JAK2 protein was up-regulated, whereas p-STAT3, STAT3 and FAS proteins were down-regulated by high-dose linoleic acid in the presence of STAT3-siRNA.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	50-55
27450794-11	2016	p-JAK2 protein was up-regulated, whereas p-STAT3, STAT3 and FAS proteins were down-regulated by high-dose linoleic acid in the presence of STAT3-siRNA.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	fatty acid synthase	Rattus norvegicus	60-63
27450794-11	2016	p-JAK2 protein was up-regulated, whereas p-STAT3, STAT3 and FAS proteins were down-regulated by high-dose linoleic acid in the presence of STAT3-siRNA.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	50-55
27450794-12	2016	CONCLUSION: The cytotoxicity was increased and JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway was activated by high-dose linoleic acid through cytokine production and lipogenesis in rat pancreatic exocrine cells.	Linoleic Acid	103-116	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
27450794-12	2016	CONCLUSION: The cytotoxicity was increased and JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway was activated by high-dose linoleic acid through cytokine production and lipogenesis in rat pancreatic exocrine cells.	Linoleic Acid	103-116	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	52-57
27450794-0	2016	High-Dose Linoleic Acid Activated JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway Involved in Cytokine Production and Lipogenesis in Pancreatic Exocrine Cells.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
27450794-0	2016	High-Dose Linoleic Acid Activated JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway Involved in Cytokine Production and Lipogenesis in Pancreatic Exocrine Cells.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	39-44
27450794-3	2016	Current study aimed to explore the impact of high-dose linoleic acid on the activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, cytokine production, and lipogenesis in pancreatic exocrine cells.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	90-104
27450794-3	2016	Current study aimed to explore the impact of high-dose linoleic acid on the activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, cytokine production, and lipogenesis in pancreatic exocrine cells.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	106-110
27450794-3	2016	Current study aimed to explore the impact of high-dose linoleic acid on the activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, cytokine production, and lipogenesis in pancreatic exocrine cells.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	166-171
27450794-8	2016	JAK2 and STAT3 proteins in pancreatic exocrine cells were activated by high-dose linoleic acid via phosphorylation and nuclear localization of phosphorylated STAT3.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
27450794-8	2016	JAK2 and STAT3 proteins in pancreatic exocrine cells were activated by high-dose linoleic acid via phosphorylation and nuclear localization of phosphorylated STAT3.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	9-14
27450794-8	2016	JAK2 and STAT3 proteins in pancreatic exocrine cells were activated by high-dose linoleic acid via phosphorylation and nuclear localization of phosphorylated STAT3.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	158-163
27450794-9	2016	Moreover, the expression of downstream proteins in JAK2-STAT3 pathway (IL-6, TNF-alpha and FAS) was up-regulated by high-dose linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	51-55
27450794-9	2016	Moreover, the expression of downstream proteins in JAK2-STAT3 pathway (IL-6, TNF-alpha and FAS) was up-regulated by high-dose linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	56-61
27450794-9	2016	Moreover, the expression of downstream proteins in JAK2-STAT3 pathway (IL-6, TNF-alpha and FAS) was up-regulated by high-dose linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	71-75
27450794-9	2016	Moreover, the expression of downstream proteins in JAK2-STAT3 pathway (IL-6, TNF-alpha and FAS) was up-regulated by high-dose linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	77-86
26362817-0	2016	Adipose tissue adaptive response to trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid engages alternatively activated M2 macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	WD and tetratricopeptide repeats 1	Mus musculus	0-7
26362817-1	2016	In mice, nutritional supplementation with the trans-10,cis-12 isomer of linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) promotes lipoatrophy, hyperinsulinemia, and macrophage infiltration in white adipose tissue (WAT).	Linoleic Acid	72-85	clasper	Mus musculus	95-98
26362817-1	2016	In mice, nutritional supplementation with the trans-10,cis-12 isomer of linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) promotes lipoatrophy, hyperinsulinemia, and macrophage infiltration in white adipose tissue (WAT).	Linoleic Acid	72-85	WD and tetratricopeptide repeats 1	Mus musculus	177-184
26560362-2	2016	Two types of the enzyme, 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2, have been recognized in mammals to have different abilities in the peroxidation of arachidonic acid and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	152-165	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B	Homo sapiens	38-46
26782391-2	2015	The fatty acid desaturase-2 (FAD2) gene encodes delta-12 desaturase, which converts oleic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	4-27
27096060-0	2016	Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation enhances insulin sensitivity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and glucose transporter type 4 protein expression in the skeletal muscles of rats during endurance exercise.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	127-153
27194929-3	2016	The results showed that concentrations of the fatty acids with oleic acid (C18:1n9c) and linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), triglycerides with C52 and C54, and cholesterol detected are proportional to the adulteration ratios remarkably.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	104-107
27194929-6	2016	Thus, we suggest that oleic acid (C18:1n9c), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), C52, C54, and cholesterol are suitable indicators and can be used as biomarkers to rapidly detect adulterated milk fat by gas chromatography.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	60-63
27612190-4	2016	Their inhibitory activity toward soybean lipoxygenase was evaluated in vitro, using linoleic acid as a substrate.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	41-53
26782391-2	2015	The fatty acid desaturase-2 (FAD2) gene encodes delta-12 desaturase, which converts oleic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
26298757-13	2015	Odd-chain fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid in milk fat linearly increased with addition of crude glycerin in the diets.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	54-58
26696835-11	2015	Finally, we found that the treatment of the human glioblastoma-astrocytoma cell line U-87 MG with cholesterol and fatty acids, such as palmitic and linoleic acid, significantly impairs (p &lt; 0.001) Hpt secretion in the extracellular compartment.	Linoleic Acid	148-161	haptoglobin	Rattus norvegicus	200-203
26392502-6	2015	A conjugated form of linoleic acid (CLA) is currently sold over the counter as a dietary supplement and is generally recognized as safe by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	36-39
26885272-0	2015	c9, t11- conjugated linoleic acid induces HCC cell apoptosis and correlation with PPAR-gamma signaling pathway.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	82-92
26885272-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: Cis9, trans11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA.)	Linoleic Acid	36-49	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	59-62
26398714-6	2015	The obese phenotype was associated with increased hepatic concentrations of cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-dependent linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid-derived epoxides.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	76-91
26398714-6	2015	The obese phenotype was associated with increased hepatic concentrations of cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-dependent linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid-derived epoxides.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	93-99
26513383-1	2015	This study investigated the possible beneficial effects of grape seed oil (GSO) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute neurotoxicity in gamma-irradiated rats.	Linoleic Acid	59-73	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
26285069-14	2015	Resistin secretion was significantly induced by palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid in adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	resistin	Homo sapiens	0-8
26291567-5	2015	The vitamin E requirement related to dietary linoleic acid, which is globally the major dietary PUFA in humans, was calculated to be 0 4-0 6 mg of RRR-alpha-tocopherol/g of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	96-100
26504148-7	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Together, these results suggest that linoleic acid-derived oxylipids may contribute to the non-COX1 mediated variability in response to aspirin.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	108-112
26500455-11	2015	In addition, ALA significantly decreased NOS-2 expression in HCF by 48.9 % (P &lt; 0.	Linoleic Acid	13-16	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	41-46
26500455-12	2015	001) after 72 h. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in nitrite release and inhibition of NOS-2 expression indicate that ALA may have an anti-inflammatory effect both on HCF and on peripheral immune cells.	Linoleic Acid	111-114	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	80-85
26363050-2	2015	In this study, we demonstrate that A1AT (Prolastin), a potent inducer of Angptl4, contains significant quantities of the fatty acids (FA) linoleic acid (C18:2) and oleic acid (C18:1).	Linoleic Acid	138-151	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
26363050-2	2015	In this study, we demonstrate that A1AT (Prolastin), a potent inducer of Angptl4, contains significant quantities of the fatty acids (FA) linoleic acid (C18:2) and oleic acid (C18:1).	Linoleic Acid	138-151	angiopoietin like 4	Homo sapiens	73-80
26505901-6	2015	Linoleic acid, ligand of GPR40, could not elicit calcium increase and ERK phosphorylation in cells expressing this mutant receptor.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	free fatty acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
26392817-8	2015	Increased cardiac linoleic acid and oleic acid suggest alterations in fatty acid utilization or intake are perturbed in Brg1/Brm double mutants.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4	Homo sapiens	120-124
25913570-0	2015	Conjugated linoleic acid-enriched butter improved memory and up-regulated phospholipase A2 encoding-genes in rat brain tissue.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	74-90
25913570-1	2015	Reduced phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity has been reported in blood cells and in postmortem brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), and there is evidence that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) modulates the activity of PLA2 groups in non-brain tissues.	Linoleic Acid	178-191	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	8-24
25913570-1	2015	Reduced phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity has been reported in blood cells and in postmortem brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), and there is evidence that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) modulates the activity of PLA2 groups in non-brain tissues.	Linoleic Acid	178-191	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	26-30
25913570-1	2015	Reduced phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity has been reported in blood cells and in postmortem brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), and there is evidence that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) modulates the activity of PLA2 groups in non-brain tissues.	Linoleic Acid	178-191	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	224-228
26392817-8	2015	Increased cardiac linoleic acid and oleic acid suggest alterations in fatty acid utilization or intake are perturbed in Brg1/Brm double mutants.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 2	Homo sapiens	125-128
27013802-10	2015	RESULTS: The amount of energy needed by linoleic acid, oleic acid, eicosadienoic acid, margaric acid, and stearic acid to bind with P-gp were found to be - 10.60, -10.48, -9.95, -11.92, and - 10.37 kcal/mol, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Rattus norvegicus	132-136
26669176-0	2015	[Structure and Anti-Tumor Activity of Bovine alpha-Lactalbumin after Binding Linoleic Acid].	Linoleic Acid	77-90	lactalbumin alpha	Bos taurus	45-62
26240151-3	2015	We hypothesized that n-6 PUFA like linoleic acid (LA) or other downstream PUFAs like gamma-linolenic acid or arachidonic acid alter the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta)-collagen axis in the heart.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	169-176
26358367-8	2015	The iron overload, CYP2E1 and alcohol dehydrogenase 4 overexpression promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which resulted in arachidonic and linoleic acid peroxidation and, in turn, led to malondialdehyde production and a cellular response to ROS-mediated DNA damage.	Linoleic Acid	154-167	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	19-25
26358367-8	2015	The iron overload, CYP2E1 and alcohol dehydrogenase 4 overexpression promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which resulted in arachidonic and linoleic acid peroxidation and, in turn, led to malondialdehyde production and a cellular response to ROS-mediated DNA damage.	Linoleic Acid	154-167	alcohol dehydrogenase 4 (class II), pi polypeptide	Homo sapiens	30-53
26111765-0	2015	Angiotensin II modification by decomposition products of linoleic acid-derived lipid hydroperoxide.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
26033246-6	2015	We also report a nutraceutical Src inhibitor, t10,c12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA), rescues Ca2+ signaling in UAEC and therefore may have therapeutic potential for preeclampsia.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	31-34
26033246-6	2015	We also report a nutraceutical Src inhibitor, t10,c12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA), rescues Ca2+ signaling in UAEC and therefore may have therapeutic potential for preeclampsia.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	86-89
26669176-1	2015	The structure changes of alpha-lactalbumin after binding oleic acid and linoleic acid, including hydrophobic amino acids, hydrophobic regions, tertiary structure, secondary structure, was studied by intrinsic fluorescence, ANS-binding intrinsic fluorescence and circular dichroism spectrum, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	lactalbumin alpha	Bos taurus	25-42
26669176-3	2015	It can be seen from the fluorescence spectra that a significant red-shift from 331.07 to 337.67 nm and 337.60 nm of alpha-lactalbumin occurred after binding of oleic acid and linoleic acid, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	175-188	lactalbumin alpha	Bos taurus	116-133
26284534-4	2015	In the present study, we introduced molecular dynamics as a tool for clarifying the mechanism by which FABP4, loaded with activating ligand (linoleate) is recognized by Kapalpha.	Linoleic Acid	141-150	fatty acid binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	103-108
26194111-3	2015	DISCUSSION: 15-LOX-1 is an inducible and highly regulated enzyme in cells that play an important role in the production of lipid signaling mediators from linoleic acid and arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	154-167	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	12-20
26284534-11	2015	Finally, we propose that the transportable conformation generated an extended hydrophobic domain which expanded out of the boundary of the FABP4, allowing the loaded linoleate to partially migrate out of the FABP into a joint complex in which the Kapalpha contributes part of a combined binding pocket.	Linoleic Acid	166-175	fatty acid binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	139-144
26086108-6	2015	iSMC basally released significantly larger amounts of epoxy-oxylipin CYP450 products from eicosapentaenoic acid &gt; docosahexaenoic acid &gt; arachidonic acid &gt; linoleic acid, and expressed higher levels of CYP2C12, CYP2B1, but not CYP2J mRNA compared to mSMC.	Linoleic Acid	165-178	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily b, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	220-226
25976112-0	2015	Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Boar Semen Quality After Long-term Refrigeration at 17 C. In this study, the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (10 trans, 12 cis) (CLA) on refrigerated boar sperm quality parameters up to 14 days at 17 C was assessed.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	170-173
26184645-6	2015	In conclusion, linoleic acid-rich EVOO induced higher TAG incorporation into THP-1 macrophages compared to oleic acid-rich EVOO, the 18:1/18:2 ratio being consistently correlated with intracellular TAG accumulation.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	77-82
26247968-7	2015	The chia group, compared to the control group, showed (i) a significant increase in ALA ingestion and a significant reduction of linoleic acid (LA) ingestion, no showing modification of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA; (ii) a significant increase of erythrocyte ALA and EPA and a reduction of LA.	Linoleic Acid	129-142	chitinase acidic	Homo sapiens	4-8
26136511-3	2015	Because ACSL1 exhibited a strong substrate preference for linoleate, we investigated the composition of heart phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	58-67	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Rattus norvegicus	8-13
26136511-5	2015	A stable knockdown of ACSL1 in H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes resulted in low incorporation of linoleate into CL and in diminished incorporation of palmitate and oleate into other phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	88-97	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-27
26136511-6	2015	Overexpression of ACSL1 in H9c2 and HEK-293 cells increased incorporation of linoleate into CL and other phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	77-86	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
25976112-0	2015	Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Boar Semen Quality After Long-term Refrigeration at 17 C. In this study, the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (10 trans, 12 cis) (CLA) on refrigerated boar sperm quality parameters up to 14 days at 17 C was assessed.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	170-173
26079999-0	2015	Active Site Dynamical Effects in the Hydrogen Transfer Rate-limiting Step in the Catalysis of Linoleic Acid by Soybean Lipoxygenase-1 (SLO-1): Primary and Secondary Isotope Contributions.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	119-133
26079999-1	2015	Using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations that facilitate the treatment of rare events, we probe the active site participation in the rate-determining hydrogen transfer step in the catalytic oxidation of linoleic acid by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (SLO-1).	Linoleic Acid	216-229	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	241-255
26171612-6	2015	Natural PPARgamma agonists are generated by PLA2 driven oxidization of linoleic and arachidonic acids.	Linoleic Acid	71-79	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	8-17
26171612-6	2015	Natural PPARgamma agonists are generated by PLA2 driven oxidization of linoleic and arachidonic acids.	Linoleic Acid	71-79	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	44-48
26041925-7	2015	Finally, we showed that NGF treatment increased concentrations of linoleic and arachidonic-acid-derived oxidized TRPV1 agonists in spinal cord and skin biopsies.	Linoleic Acid	66-74	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	24-27
25586578-6	2015	Under these conditions, linoleate 13-lipoxygenase from B. thailandensis produced 20.8 g l(-1) 13-HODE (70.2 mM) from 20 g l(-1) linoleic acid (71.3 mM) for 120 min, with a molar conversion yield of 98.5% and productivity of 10.4 g l(-1) h(-1).	Linoleic Acid	128-141	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	37-49
25981324-6	2015	RESULTS: The ratio of arachidonic acid/linoleic acid (AA/LA), which reflects Delta6 desaturase activity, was significantly increased in T2DM patients.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	83-94
25912618-2	2015	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a known dietary PPAR alpha inducer, may therefore increase OEA and PEA levels and favor docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) biosynthesis by enhancing peroxisomal beta-oxidation via induction of liver PPARalpha.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	48-58
25912618-2	2015	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a known dietary PPAR alpha inducer, may therefore increase OEA and PEA levels and favor docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) biosynthesis by enhancing peroxisomal beta-oxidation via induction of liver PPARalpha.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	223-232
26125907-0	2015	Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on the expression levels of miR-27 and miR-143 in pig adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	microRNA 143	Sus scrofa	75-82
25810039-10	2015	Importantly, released arachidonic acid and linoleic acid were subjected to peroxidation, resulting in the generation of 4-HNE, which further augmented insulin secretion by activating PPARdelta in beta cells.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	Rattus norvegicus	183-192
25925057-6	2015	Milk c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) proportion increased by 198.11% in the LSO-FO group relative to the control group (p&lt;0.01).	Linoleic Acid	24-37	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
25740179-5	2015	In respect to fatty acids, PUFA were prevalent with the great contribution of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids among the different 32 detected fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	78-86	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	27-31
25749343-0	2015	10-oxo-12(Z)-octadecenoic acid, a linoleic acid metabolite produced by gut lactic acid bacteria, potently activates PPARgamma and stimulates adipogenesis.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	116-125
25820808-0	2015	Proteomic Analysis Reveals PGAM1 Altering cis-9, trans-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Gland.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	phosphoglycerate mutase 1	Bos taurus	27-32
25781458-6	2015	Under these conditions, we demonstrate that metabolic function was reduced across all cultures exposed to TNF-alpha, especially so when pre-exposed to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	151-164	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	106-115
25968567-7	2015	Instead, lipidomic analysis of malignancy-associated ascites revealed high concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular linoleic acid, acting as potent PPARbeta/delta agonists in macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	168-176
25672876-10	2015	Linoleic acid (LA) is a well-established lipid inducer in sebocytes and is known to stimulate sebocyte differentiation through the upregulation of PPAR-gamma.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	147-157
25844926-8	2015	Analysis of CYP2W1 expression in the colon adenocarcinoma cell line HCC2998 revealed that the gene expression can be induced by e.g. the antitumor agent imatinib, linoleic acid and its derivatives.	Linoleic Acid	163-176	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily W member 1	Homo sapiens	12-18
25720738-0	2015	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis signaling by the upregulation of PPARgamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha) in C2C12 cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Sus scrofa	100-128
25720738-0	2015	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis signaling by the upregulation of PPARgamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha) in C2C12 cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Sus scrofa	130-140
25641922-1	2015	SCOPE: The 9cis,11trans-conjugated linoleic acid (9c,11t-CLA) is reported to have anti-atherogenic properties in animal models and to modulate protein expression in unstimulated human platelets in vivo.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	57-60
24788685-0	2015	Linoleic acid derivative DCP-LA ameliorates stress-induced depression-related behavior by promoting cell surface 5-HT1A receptor translocation, stimulating serotonin release, and inactivating GSK-3beta.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A	Mus musculus	113-128
24788685-0	2015	Linoleic acid derivative DCP-LA ameliorates stress-induced depression-related behavior by promoting cell surface 5-HT1A receptor translocation, stimulating serotonin release, and inactivating GSK-3beta.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	192-201
24788685-4	2015	The linoleic acid derivative 8-[2-(2-pentyl-cyclopropylmethyl)-cyclopropyl]-octanoic acid (DCP-LA) restored restraint stress-induced reduction of cell surface 5-HT1A receptor and improved depression-like behavior in mice with restraint stress.	Linoleic Acid	4-17	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A	Mus musculus	159-174
25653282-2	2015	Here we demonstrate that this adaptive increase in System A function is restrained in cells subjected to prior incubation with linoleic acid (LOA, an unsaturated C18:2 fatty acid) for 24 h. While fatty acid treatment had no detectable effect upon stress-induced SNAT2 or ATF4 gene transcription, the associated increase in SNAT2 protein/membrane transport activity were strongly suppressed in L6 myotubes or HeLa cells preincubated with LOA.	Linoleic Acid	127-140	solute carrier family 38 member 2	Homo sapiens	262-267
25653282-2	2015	Here we demonstrate that this adaptive increase in System A function is restrained in cells subjected to prior incubation with linoleic acid (LOA, an unsaturated C18:2 fatty acid) for 24 h. While fatty acid treatment had no detectable effect upon stress-induced SNAT2 or ATF4 gene transcription, the associated increase in SNAT2 protein/membrane transport activity were strongly suppressed in L6 myotubes or HeLa cells preincubated with LOA.	Linoleic Acid	127-140	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	271-275
25653282-2	2015	Here we demonstrate that this adaptive increase in System A function is restrained in cells subjected to prior incubation with linoleic acid (LOA, an unsaturated C18:2 fatty acid) for 24 h. While fatty acid treatment had no detectable effect upon stress-induced SNAT2 or ATF4 gene transcription, the associated increase in SNAT2 protein/membrane transport activity were strongly suppressed in L6 myotubes or HeLa cells preincubated with LOA.	Linoleic Acid	127-140	solute carrier family 38 member 2	Homo sapiens	323-328
25861245-0	2015	TNF-alpha and IL-6 inhibit apolipoprotein A-IV production induced by linoleic acid in human intestinal Caco2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
25861245-0	2015	TNF-alpha and IL-6 inhibit apolipoprotein A-IV production induced by linoleic acid in human intestinal Caco2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	14-18
25861245-0	2015	TNF-alpha and IL-6 inhibit apolipoprotein A-IV production induced by linoleic acid in human intestinal Caco2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	apolipoprotein A4	Homo sapiens	27-46
25790461-11	2015	Thus, we identified the bovine FFAR1 receptor and demonstrate a functional role for this receptor in neutrophils activated with oleic or linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	137-150	free fatty acid receptor 1	Bos taurus	31-36
25790461-6	2015	Expression of the bovine FFAR1 receptor in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells increased the levels of intracellular calcium induced by the LCFAs, oleic acid (OA) and linoleic acid (LA); no increase in calcium mobilization was observed in the presence of the short chain fatty acid propionic acid.	Linoleic Acid	168-181	free fatty acid receptor 1	Bos taurus	25-30
27275219-9	2015	In groups (2&amp;3) positive significant correlation was recorded between (SBP) &amp; (DBP) and total daily intake of total calories, carbohydrate, total fat, saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, and negative significant correlation with total daily intake of total protein, animal and vegetable protein, linolenic and linoleic fatty acids, while oleic fatty acid showed negative correlation with SBP&amp;DBP in all groups.	Linoleic Acid	321-341	selenium binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	75-78
25697178-1	2015	The main aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) on intestinal microbiota composition and SCFA production.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	clasper	Mus musculus	126-129
27275219-9	2015	In groups (2&amp;3) positive significant correlation was recorded between (SBP) &amp; (DBP) and total daily intake of total calories, carbohydrate, total fat, saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, and negative significant correlation with total daily intake of total protein, animal and vegetable protein, linolenic and linoleic fatty acids, while oleic fatty acid showed negative correlation with SBP&amp;DBP in all groups.	Linoleic Acid	321-341	D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor	Homo sapiens	87-90
25656188-7	2015	Oleic and linoleic acid decreased (p = 0.001) stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene expression over 80% in both BSC and IPA.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	46-69
25767681-0	2015	ATF3 Mediates Anti-Cancer Activity of Trans-10, cis-12-Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Human Colon Cancer Cells.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	activating transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
25656188-7	2015	Oleic and linoleic acid decreased (p = 0.001) stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene expression over 80% in both BSC and IPA.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	71-74
25312818-1	2015	Feeding n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increases the endometrial percentages of linoleic and arachidonic acids (AA), enhances the synthesis of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha), and improves uterine health.	Linoleic Acid	88-96	PUFA	Bos taurus	12-39
25547298-8	2015	The concentration of trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid in milk fat increased with the COMBO diet.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	65-69
25729276-0	2015	Differential Gene Expression in GPR40-Overexpressing Pancreatic beta-cells Treated with Linoleic Acid.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
25729276-2	2015	We examined the profiles of differential gene expression in GPR40-activated cells treated with linoleic acid, and finally predicted the integral pathways of the cellular mechanism of GPR40-mediated insulinotropic effects.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	60-65
25729276-2	2015	We examined the profiles of differential gene expression in GPR40-activated cells treated with linoleic acid, and finally predicted the integral pathways of the cellular mechanism of GPR40-mediated insulinotropic effects.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	183-188
25997215-0	2015	[Effects of exercise and conjugated linoleic acid on PPARgamma in adolescent obese rats].	Linoleic Acid	36-49	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	53-62
25486510-0	2015	Oleic and linoleic fatty acids downregulate Slc2a4/GLUT4 expression via NFKB and SREBP1 in skeletal muscle cells.	Linoleic Acid	10-30	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	44-50
25486510-0	2015	Oleic and linoleic fatty acids downregulate Slc2a4/GLUT4 expression via NFKB and SREBP1 in skeletal muscle cells.	Linoleic Acid	10-30	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	51-56
25486510-0	2015	Oleic and linoleic fatty acids downregulate Slc2a4/GLUT4 expression via NFKB and SREBP1 in skeletal muscle cells.	Linoleic Acid	10-30	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	81-87
25505251-0	2015	A gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid, ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier impairment partially via GPR40-MEK-ERK pathway.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	free fatty acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	149-154
25505251-0	2015	A gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid, ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier impairment partially via GPR40-MEK-ERK pathway.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	155-158
25505251-0	2015	A gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid, ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier impairment partially via GPR40-MEK-ERK pathway.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	159-162
25505251-4	2015	10-Hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid (HYA), a gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, suppressed TNF-alpha and dextran sulfate sodium-induced changes in the expression of TJ-related molecules, occludin, zonula occludens-1, and myosin light chain kinase.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	99-108
25461324-2	2015	For discovering new chemical entities as FABP4 inhibitors, structure-based virtual screening (VS) was performed, bioassay demonstrated that 16 of 251 tested compounds are FABP4 inhibitors, among which compound m1 are more active than endogenous ligand linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	252-265	fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte	Mus musculus	41-46
25499849-0	2015	Singlet-oxygen-derived products from linoleate activate Nrf2 signaling in skin cells.	Linoleic Acid	37-46	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	56-60
25312818-1	2015	Feeding n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increases the endometrial percentages of linoleic and arachidonic acids (AA), enhances the synthesis of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha), and improves uterine health.	Linoleic Acid	88-96	PUFA	Bos taurus	41-45
25447053-8	2015	Dual agonists of GPR40 and GPR120, GW9508 and linoleic acid, respectively, increased GLP-2 production from L cells, but these agonists decreased it in the presence of TNF-alpha.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	glucagon	Homo sapiens	85-90
25447053-8	2015	Dual agonists of GPR40 and GPR120, GW9508 and linoleic acid, respectively, increased GLP-2 production from L cells, but these agonists decreased it in the presence of TNF-alpha.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	167-176
25326184-7	2015	Both the isoenzymes of LOX oxidized linoleic acid to produce 9-HPOD and 13-HPOD both; however, LOX1 produced more of 9-HPOD and LOX2 produced more of 13-HPOD.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 1	Triticum aestivum	95-99
25326184-7	2015	Both the isoenzymes of LOX oxidized linoleic acid to produce 9-HPOD and 13-HPOD both; however, LOX1 produced more of 9-HPOD and LOX2 produced more of 13-HPOD.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	putative linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 3	Triticum aestivum	128-132
25465571-0	2015	Milk phospholipids: Organic milk and milk rich in conjugated linoleic acid compared with conventional milk.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
25895678-0	2015	Mice Lacking Free Fatty Acid Receptor 1 (GPR40/FFAR1) are Protected Against Conjugated Linoleic Acid-Induced Fatty Liver but Develop Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in the Brain.	Linoleic Acid	87-100	free fatty acid receptor 1	Mus musculus	41-46
25895678-0	2015	Mice Lacking Free Fatty Acid Receptor 1 (GPR40/FFAR1) are Protected Against Conjugated Linoleic Acid-Induced Fatty Liver but Develop Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in the Brain.	Linoleic Acid	87-100	free fatty acid receptor 1	Mus musculus	47-52
25465571-0	2015	Milk phospholipids: Organic milk and milk rich in conjugated linoleic acid compared with conventional milk.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	37-41
25465571-0	2015	Milk phospholipids: Organic milk and milk rich in conjugated linoleic acid compared with conventional milk.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	37-41
25450028-13	2015	Moreover, the influence of 1-3 on the peroxidation of linoleic acid to hydroperoxylinoleic acid by the enzyme lipoxygenase (LOX) was kinetically and theoretically studied.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	124-127
25134457-0	2015	In vitro synergistic efficacy of conjugated linoleic acid, oleic acid, safflower oil and taxol cytotoxicity on PC3 cells.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	chromobox 8	Homo sapiens	111-114
25212982-4	2015	Ethidium bromide efflux inhibitory studies revealed that linoleic and oleic acids may interfere the activity of MsrA pump.	Linoleic Acid	57-65	ABC transporter permease protein	Staphylococcus aureus	112-116
26321175-0	2015	Effect of Safflower Oil on Concentration of Conjugated Linoleic Acid of Kefir Prepared by Low-fat Milk.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	98-102
25874297-6	2015	The decrease in blood plasma of content of oleic and linoleic fatty acids and double bounds reflects effectiveness of effect of insulin--blockade of hydrolysis of triglycerides in subcutaneous adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	53-73	insulin	Homo sapiens	128-135
25958627-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: To exploer effects of conjugated linoleic acid and exercise on RBP4 of liver and adipose tissues in adolescent obese rats.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	retinol binding protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
25304740-3	2014	The GC dinucleotide allele of diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1:g.10433-10434AA &gt;GC was associated with lower palmitic acid (16:0) concentration but higher oleic (18:1 cis-9), linoleic (18:2 cis-9, cis-12) acid concentrations, and elongation index.	Linoleic Acid	180-188	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Bos taurus	30-64
25027319-9	2014	Examining ligand binding properties, FABP7 S86G and FABP7 V126L lost their preference for docosahexaenoic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	fatty acid binding protein 7, brain	Mus musculus	37-42
25027319-9	2014	Examining ligand binding properties, FABP7 S86G and FABP7 V126L lost their preference for docosahexaenoic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	fatty acid binding protein 7, brain	Mus musculus	52-57
25039349-4	2014	Nile red staining revealed that siRNA-mediated downregulation of PLIN3 significantly impaired linoleic acid-induced lipid accumulation in SZ95 sebocytes.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	perilipin 3	Homo sapiens	65-70
25320189-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA) is a potent inhibitor of milk fat synthesis in mammals.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	clasper	Mus musculus	61-64
25320189-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA) is a potent inhibitor of milk fat synthesis in mammals.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	91-95
25301203-3	2014	Linoleic acid (LA) is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid that induces expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, proliferation, migration and invasion in breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	89-122
25043674-11	2014	Differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells in the presence of 100 muM and 200 muM linoleate induces soluble galectin-3 and cellular levels are upregulated by the higher concentration.	Linoleic Acid	71-80	lectin, galactose binding, soluble 3	Mus musculus	97-107
25330944-2	2014	These stable oxidation products of linoleic acid (LA) are abundant in atherosclerotic plaque and activate PPARgamma and GPR132.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	106-115
25330944-2	2014	These stable oxidation products of linoleic acid (LA) are abundant in atherosclerotic plaque and activate PPARgamma and GPR132.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	G protein-coupled receptor 132	Homo sapiens	120-126
24840024-0	2014	trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid specifically increases tissue alpha-tocopherol mediated by PPARgamma inhibition in mice.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	100-109
25039349-5	2014	Mass spectrometry revealed that PLIN3 was implicated in the metabolism of linoleic acid, a lipid source used in the build-up of triglycerides, among other acyl lipids.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	perilipin 3	Homo sapiens	32-37
25252789-7	2014	CONCLUSIONS: We designed and optimized a very simple and high-yield procedure to isolate ALA and linoleic acid mixture from seeds of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim and demonstrated that such mixture can obtain a good anti-thrombotic effect through the modulation of PI3K/Akt signaling.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	268-271
25122651-5	2014	In placentas from the Fabp3-knockout mice (both sexes), the transport coefficients for linoleic acid (LA) were significantly reduced compared with those from wild-type mice by 25% and 44% at embryonic day (E) 15.5 and E18.5, respectively, whereas those for alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) were reduced by 19% and 17%, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	87-100	fatty acid binding protein 3, muscle and heart	Mus musculus	22-27
25044948-0	2014	Docosahexaenoic acid reduces linoleic acid induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression via PPARgamma and nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in retinal pigment epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	51-85
25044948-0	2014	Docosahexaenoic acid reduces linoleic acid induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression via PPARgamma and nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in retinal pigment epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	101-110
25044948-1	2014	SCOPE: To investigate whether docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) could inhibit linoleic acid (LA) induced monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 expression in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	98-138
24520956-6	2014	CYP77A19 also produced epoxides from linoleic acid (C18:2).	Linoleic Acid	37-50	cytochrome P450 77A2	Solanum tuberosum	0-8
24913719-8	2014	In nonobese subjects, palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and docosahexaenoic acids produced an increase in GPR120 mRNA and protein levels (p &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	39-47	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	99-105
24851712-3	2014	Soybean lines that are low in polyunsaturated fats were generated by introducing mutations in two fatty acid desaturase 2 genes (FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B), which in the seed convert the monounsaturated fat, oleic acid, to the polyunsaturated fat, linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	242-255	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	141-148
24851712-6	2014	The fatty acid profile of the seed was dramatically changed in plants homozygous for mutations in both FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B: oleic acid increased from 20% to 80% and linoleic acid decreased from 50% to under 4%.	Linoleic Acid	165-178	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	115-122
24767084-1	2014	Alkyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoates (protocatechuates) inhibited linoleic acid peroxidation catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, Type 1).	Linoleic Acid	58-71	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	106-118
24167124-5	2014	Our results identified linoleic acid-substituted (PEI-LA) polymer as the most efficient carrier among different lipid substituted PEI2 for siRNA delivery, leading to most STAT3 associated loss of cell viability in MDA-MB-435 cells.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	171-176
24913719-9	2014	In morbidly obese subjects, only linoleic acid produced an increase in GPR120 mRNA and protein levels (p &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	33-46	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	71-77
25000918-9	2014	In the current study, we applied a new strategy to enhance the production of punicic acid in a high linoleic acid A. thaliana fad3/fae1 mutant background using the combined expression of P. granatum FADX and FAD2.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	fatty acid desaturase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	126-130
25100256-2	2014	It is known that LOX plays an important role in inflammatory response as it catalyzes the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid to form hydroperoxides.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	17-20
23991914-4	2014	RESULTS: Acsl1 overexpression prevented oxidative stress (nitrotyrosine; hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids [HODEs]) and attenuated cellular injury (TUNEL) in Schwann cells following 12 h exposure to LCFAs (palmitate, linoleate, and oleate, 100 muM).	Linoleic Acid	212-221	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Mus musculus	9-14
24769339-1	2014	Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been found to be effective inhibitors of cell signaling in numerous contexts, and we find that acute addition of micromolar PUFAs such as linoleic acid effectively inhibit of Ca(2+) responses in mast cells stimulated by antigen-mediated crosslinking of FcepsilonRI or by the SERCA pump inhibitor, thapsigargin.	Linoleic Acid	179-192	Fc epsilon receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	294-305
24769339-6	2014	Moreover, we find that linoleic acid induces some STIM1-STIM1 association, while inhibiting stimulated STIM1 oligomerization that precedes STIM1-Orai1 coupling.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	50-55
24769339-6	2014	Moreover, we find that linoleic acid induces some STIM1-STIM1 association, while inhibiting stimulated STIM1 oligomerization that precedes STIM1-Orai1 coupling.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
24769339-6	2014	Moreover, we find that linoleic acid induces some STIM1-STIM1 association, while inhibiting stimulated STIM1 oligomerization that precedes STIM1-Orai1 coupling.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
24769339-6	2014	Moreover, we find that linoleic acid induces some STIM1-STIM1 association, while inhibiting stimulated STIM1 oligomerization that precedes STIM1-Orai1 coupling.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
24769339-6	2014	Moreover, we find that linoleic acid induces some STIM1-STIM1 association, while inhibiting stimulated STIM1 oligomerization that precedes STIM1-Orai1 coupling.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1	Homo sapiens	145-150
24769339-7	2014	We hypothesize that linoleic acid and related PUFAs inhibit STIM1-Orai1 coupling by a mechanism that involves perturbation of ER membrane structure, possibly by disrupting electrostatic interactions important in STIM1 oligomerization.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
24769339-7	2014	We hypothesize that linoleic acid and related PUFAs inhibit STIM1-Orai1 coupling by a mechanism that involves perturbation of ER membrane structure, possibly by disrupting electrostatic interactions important in STIM1 oligomerization.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1	Homo sapiens	66-71
24769339-7	2014	We hypothesize that linoleic acid and related PUFAs inhibit STIM1-Orai1 coupling by a mechanism that involves perturbation of ER membrane structure, possibly by disrupting electrostatic interactions important in STIM1 oligomerization.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	212-217
24904960-3	2014	The SCD1 enzyme also has been shown to be active in the bovine mammary gland converting t11 18:1 (vaccenic acid) to c9 t11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	134-147	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	4-8
25028548-1	2014	In the present study, we prepared a novel delivery system of iRGD (CRGDK/RGPD/EC)-modified sterically stabilized liposomes (SSLs) containing conjugated linoleic acid-paclitaxel (CLA-PTX).	Linoleic Acid	152-165	interferon gamma inducible protein 47	Mus musculus	61-65
24816719-2	2014	In plants, seed-specific delta-12 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) is responsible for the high content of linoleic acid by inserting a double bond at the delta-12 (omega-6) position of oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 2	Sesamum indicum	59-63
24794016-2	2014	We previously demonstrated that the cis-9, trans-11 isomer of the PUFA conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) can modulate dendritic cell (DC) cytokine production.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	66-70
24740000-4	2014	Our results indicated that both the acyl-CoA pool and seed oil of transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing cytosolic BnACBP exhibited relative increases in linoleic acid (18:2cisDelta9,12; 17.9%-44.4% and 7%-13.2%, respectively) and decreases in 20:1cisDelta11 (38.7%-60.7% and 13.8%-16.3%, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	155-168	acyl-CoA-binding protein	Brassica napus	116-122
25100008-5	2014	The functioning of the first system causes induction of AOX and UCP synthesis associated with an increase in electron transfer via AOX in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and also with an increase in the sensitivity of mitochondrial non-phosphorylating respiration to linoleic and palmitic acids.	Linoleic Acid	271-279	ubiquinol oxidase 1a, mitochondrial	Triticum aestivum	56-59
24741678-1	2014	Soy lipophilic protein nanoparticles (LPP), which present a novel delivery vehicle for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), were fabricated by ultrasonication of the soy lipophilic protein (LP), which exhibits unique characteristics including a high loading capacity, oxidation protection and a sustained releasing profile in vitro for CLA.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	LIM domain containing preferred translocation partner in lipoma	Homo sapiens	38-41
24705332-1	2014	Using isolated potato tuber mitochondria possessing uncoupling protein (StUCP), we found that, under non-phosphorylating conditions, the sensitivity of aldehyde (all trans-retinal or 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal)-induced and fatty acid (linoleic acid)-induced StUCP-mediated proton leaks to GTP is controlled by the endogenous ubiquinone (Q) reduction level.	Linoleic Acid	228-241	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1-like	Solanum tuberosum	72-77
24843165-6	2014	sEH was inhibited in WT mice fed linoleic acid and nitrite, key constituents of the Mediterranean diet that elevates electrophilic nitro fatty acid levels, whereas KIs were unaffected.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	0-3
24779708-1	2014	RATIONALE: Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase (LYCAT), a cardiolipin-remodeling enzyme regulating the 18:2 linoleic acid pattern of mammalian mitochondrial cardiolipin, is necessary for maintaining normal mitochondrial function and vascular development.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	lysocardiolipin acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	11-42
24779708-1	2014	RATIONALE: Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase (LYCAT), a cardiolipin-remodeling enzyme regulating the 18:2 linoleic acid pattern of mammalian mitochondrial cardiolipin, is necessary for maintaining normal mitochondrial function and vascular development.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	lysocardiolipin acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
24746836-0	2014	Reduced macrophage selenoprotein expression alters oxidized lipid metabolite biosynthesis from arachidonic and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	selenoprotein F	Mus musculus	19-32
24746836-6	2014	Decreased selenoprotein activity resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, enhanced cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase expression and decreased oxylipids with known anti-inflammatory properties such as arachidonic acid-derived lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and linoleic acid-derived 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (9-oxoODE).	Linoleic Acid	261-274	selenoprotein F	Mus musculus	10-23
24692551-5	2014	Using a range of structural and biochemical techniques, we show that both linoleic and arachidonic acid elicit FABP5"s translocation by permitting allosteric communication between the ligand-sensing beta2 loop and a tertiary nuclear localization signal within the alpha-helical cap of the protein.	Linoleic Acid	74-82	fatty acid binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	111-116
24692551-5	2014	Using a range of structural and biochemical techniques, we show that both linoleic and arachidonic acid elicit FABP5"s translocation by permitting allosteric communication between the ligand-sensing beta2 loop and a tertiary nuclear localization signal within the alpha-helical cap of the protein.	Linoleic Acid	74-82	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	199-204
24658365-15	2014	Moreover, the influence of complexes 1-2 on the catalytic peroxidation of linoleic acid to hydroperoxylinoleic acid by the enzyme lipoxygenase (LOX) was kinetically and theoretically studied.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	144-147
24634500-0	2014	c9,t11-Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates steatosis by modulating mitochondrial uncoupling and Nrf2 pathway.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
24885871-3	2014	This study examined the effect of linoleate, a member of the n-6 family, on regulation of the palmitate-induced inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (IL8) in hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	34-43	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	134-147
24885871-3	2014	This study examined the effect of linoleate, a member of the n-6 family, on regulation of the palmitate-induced inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (IL8) in hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	34-43	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	149-152
24885871-7	2014	Co-treatment with 500 muM palmitate and 400 muM linoleate significantly suppressed IL8 production below that with palmitate alone in both cells (both mRNA and protein).	Linoleic Acid	48-57	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	83-86
24885871-9	2014	The co-treatment with 400 muM linoleate inhibited phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (pJNK) activation and IkBalpha reduction caused by 500 muM palmitate treatment.	Linoleic Acid	30-39	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	104-112
24885871-10	2014	Treatment with 400 muM linoleate alone led to IL8 production (5.48 fold change), similar to co-treatment, with no influence on the expression of pJNK/IkBalpha.	Linoleic Acid	23-32	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	46-49
24885871-12	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Linoleate is a potent regulator of the proinflammatory cytokine IL8 via the JNK and nuclear factor kappa B pathways that are involved in the pathophysiology of NASH, suggesting a future recommendation of dietary management.	Linoleic Acid	13-22	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	77-80
25035711-2	2014	It has previously been reported that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits adipogenesis via a peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) mediated mechanism, while it increases osteoblastogenesis via a PPARgamma-independent mechanism in mesenchymal stem cells.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	96-144
25035711-2	2014	It has previously been reported that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits adipogenesis via a peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) mediated mechanism, while it increases osteoblastogenesis via a PPARgamma-independent mechanism in mesenchymal stem cells.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	146-155
25035711-2	2014	It has previously been reported that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits adipogenesis via a peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) mediated mechanism, while it increases osteoblastogenesis via a PPARgamma-independent mechanism in mesenchymal stem cells.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	221-230
24634500-2	2014	A conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture of cis9,trans11 (9,11-CLA) and trans10,cis12 (10,12-CLA) isomers enhanced the antioxidant/detoxifying mechanism via the activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and improved mitochondrial function, but less is known about the actions of specific isomers.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	211-215
24412488-7	2014	RESULTS: High concentrations of linoleic acid induced Ca(2+) signaling via CD36 and GPR120 in human and mice TBC, as well as in STC-1 cells, and low concentrations induced Ca(2+) signaling via only CD36.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	free fatty acid receptor 4	Mus musculus	84-90
24353137-8	2014	Total fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid showed an inverse significant correlation with insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	insulin	Homo sapiens	130-137
24721803-14	2014	The circulating levels and the arterial accumulation of deamidated lipocalin-2 were significantly enhanced by treatment with linoleic acid (18:2n-6), which bound to lipocalin-2 with high affinity and prevented its interactions with matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9).	Linoleic Acid	125-138	lipocalin 2	Mus musculus	67-78
24721803-14	2014	The circulating levels and the arterial accumulation of deamidated lipocalin-2 were significantly enhanced by treatment with linoleic acid (18:2n-6), which bound to lipocalin-2 with high affinity and prevented its interactions with matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9).	Linoleic Acid	125-138	lipocalin 2	Mus musculus	165-176
24721803-14	2014	The circulating levels and the arterial accumulation of deamidated lipocalin-2 were significantly enhanced by treatment with linoleic acid (18:2n-6), which bound to lipocalin-2 with high affinity and prevented its interactions with matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9).	Linoleic Acid	125-138	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	232-258
24721803-14	2014	The circulating levels and the arterial accumulation of deamidated lipocalin-2 were significantly enhanced by treatment with linoleic acid (18:2n-6), which bound to lipocalin-2 with high affinity and prevented its interactions with matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9).	Linoleic Acid	125-138	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	260-264
24631907-7	2014	In conclusion, human endothelial cells contain a TLR-4 regulated epoxygenase CYP2J2 and metabolize linoleic acid&gt;eicosapentaenoic acid &gt; arachidonic acid&gt;docosahexaenoic acid to products with anti-inflammatory activity.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	49-54
24631907-7	2014	In conclusion, human endothelial cells contain a TLR-4 regulated epoxygenase CYP2J2 and metabolize linoleic acid&gt;eicosapentaenoic acid &gt; arachidonic acid&gt;docosahexaenoic acid to products with anti-inflammatory activity.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily J member 2	Homo sapiens	77-83
24412488-7	2014	RESULTS: High concentrations of linoleic acid induced Ca(2+) signaling via CD36 and GPR120 in human and mice TBC, as well as in STC-1 cells, and low concentrations induced Ca(2+) signaling via only CD36.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	128-133
24374147-0	2014	Key roles for GRB2-associated-binding protein 1, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, cyclooxygenase 2, prostaglandin E2 and transforming growth factor alpha in linoleic acid-induced upregulation of lung and breast cancer cell growth.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	growth factor receptor bound protein 2-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	14-47
24559846-7	2014	When compared to HFD+placebo, HFD+stearate had the greatest effect on reducing IFNgamma ( 74%) and HFD+linoleate had the greatest effect on reducing PAI-1 ( 31%).	Linoleic Acid	103-112	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	149-154
24142580-6	2014	In vitro studies to examine the effects of oleic and linoleic acid on SHBG production using HepG2 cells were performed.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	sex hormone binding globulin	Homo sapiens	70-74
24456663-1	2014	This study aimed to determine the effect of reducing the dietary linoleic acid (LA) intake from ~5% to &lt;2.5% energy (%E) on n-3 long chain PUFA (LCPUFA) status in humans.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	142-146
24374147-0	2014	Key roles for GRB2-associated-binding protein 1, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, cyclooxygenase 2, prostaglandin E2 and transforming growth factor alpha in linoleic acid-induced upregulation of lung and breast cancer cell growth.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	80-96
24374147-0	2014	Key roles for GRB2-associated-binding protein 1, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, cyclooxygenase 2, prostaglandin E2 and transforming growth factor alpha in linoleic acid-induced upregulation of lung and breast cancer cell growth.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	transforming growth factor alpha	Mus musculus	119-151
24374853-8	2014	Surprisingly, it was observed that the concentrations of stearic acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid in the chitinase line were significantly different than those of non-transgenic counterpart plants, but these components were the same in both Bt line and its non-transgenic counterpart.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	endochitinase 2	Gossypium hirsutum	123-132
24176359-5	2014	Pure Lox-1 displayed unbiased response towards substrates with marginal preference (1.2-fold) for linoleic acid at its optimum pH.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	5-8
25337570-6	2014	Linoleic acid treatment decreased the expression levels of the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA and protein without causing significant changes in the COX-1 levels, which was correlated with the inhibition of PGE2 synthesis.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	63-85
25337570-7	2014	Linoleic acid treatment also decreased the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), a main determinant of the telomerase enzymatic activity, and activity of telomerase, with inhibiting the expression of c-myc in a concentration-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	telomerase reverse transcriptase	Homo sapiens	97-102
25337570-7	2014	Linoleic acid treatment also decreased the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), a main determinant of the telomerase enzymatic activity, and activity of telomerase, with inhibiting the expression of c-myc in a concentration-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	224-229
25337570-8	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our results indicate that linoleic acid inhibits the production of PGE2 and activity of telomerase by suppressing COX-2 and hTERT expression.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	143-148
25337570-8	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our results indicate that linoleic acid inhibits the production of PGE2 and activity of telomerase by suppressing COX-2 and hTERT expression.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	telomerase reverse transcriptase	Homo sapiens	153-158
24338596-9	2014	In contrast, stearic acid (18:0) was inversely associated with hsCRP and RANTES, and linoleic acid (18:2n-6) was inversely associated with hsCRP, RANTES and PDGF-betabeta.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	146-152
24412271-2	2014	We have previously demonstrated that agonism of FFA4 with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) facilitates rapid and transient phosphorylation of FFA4 expressed ectopically on the surface of HEK293 cells.	Linoleic Acid	89-108	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	48-52
24412271-2	2014	We have previously demonstrated that agonism of FFA4 with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) facilitates rapid and transient phosphorylation of FFA4 expressed ectopically on the surface of HEK293 cells.	Linoleic Acid	89-108	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	166-170
24412271-2	2014	We have previously demonstrated that agonism of FFA4 with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) facilitates rapid and transient phosphorylation of FFA4 expressed ectopically on the surface of HEK293 cells.	Linoleic Acid	110-113	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	48-52
24412271-2	2014	We have previously demonstrated that agonism of FFA4 with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) facilitates rapid and transient phosphorylation of FFA4 expressed ectopically on the surface of HEK293 cells.	Linoleic Acid	110-113	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	166-170
24435467-1	2014	INTRODUCTION: Atopic dermatitis (AD) has been related to a deficiency of delta-6-desaturase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA).	Linoleic Acid	137-150	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	73-91
24518825-2	2014	TVA can be converted into cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA), a CLA isomer that has many beneficial effects, by stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in the mammary gland.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	76-79
24518825-2	2014	TVA can be converted into cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA), a CLA isomer that has many beneficial effects, by stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in the mammary gland.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	84-87
24518825-2	2014	TVA can be converted into cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA), a CLA isomer that has many beneficial effects, by stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in the mammary gland.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	132-157
24518825-2	2014	TVA can be converted into cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA), a CLA isomer that has many beneficial effects, by stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in the mammary gland.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	159-163
24248462-4	2014	Central exposure of rats to linoleic over 7 days was associated with increase of Lhb but not Fshb transcript levels.	Linoleic Acid	28-36	luteinizing hormone subunit beta	Rattus norvegicus	81-84
24327170-1	2014	Based on previous research with bovine peadipocytes, we hypothesized that infusion of arginine into the abomasum of Angus steers stimulates stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene expression in bovine subcutaneous (s.c.) adipose tissue, and that this would be attenuated by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	280-293	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	140-163
24327170-1	2014	Based on previous research with bovine peadipocytes, we hypothesized that infusion of arginine into the abomasum of Angus steers stimulates stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene expression in bovine subcutaneous (s.c.) adipose tissue, and that this would be attenuated by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	280-293	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	165-168
24448739-10	2014	CONCLUSIONS: A group of linoleic acid containing triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols were significantly associated with AAA presence.	Linoleic Acid	24-37	AAA1	Homo sapiens	121-124
24248462-8	2014	Furthermore, we demonstrated that linoleic counteracts activin and bone morphogenetic protein-2 stimulation of Fshb expression.	Linoleic Acid	34-42	bone morphogenetic protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	67-95
24248462-8	2014	Furthermore, we demonstrated that linoleic counteracts activin and bone morphogenetic protein-2 stimulation of Fshb expression.	Linoleic Acid	34-42	follicle stimulating hormone subunit beta	Rattus norvegicus	111-115
24308374-3	2014	This need not necessarily be the case since the relative proportion of PUFA in these foods is dictated by livestock management, especially feeding, and this can be manipulated to boost their content of crucial long-chain n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	252-272	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	71-75
32480992-6	2014	In particular, JcDGAT2 incorporated a 2.5-fold higher linoleic acid content into TAG than JcDGAT1 in transgenic yeast and exhibited a significant linoleic acid substrate preference in both yeast and tobacco.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2	Jatropha curcas	15-22
32480992-6	2014	In particular, JcDGAT2 incorporated a 2.5-fold higher linoleic acid content into TAG than JcDGAT1 in transgenic yeast and exhibited a significant linoleic acid substrate preference in both yeast and tobacco.	Linoleic Acid	146-159	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2	Jatropha curcas	15-22
25309587-0	2014	Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation Leads to Downregulation of PPAR Transcription in Broiler Chickens and Reduction of Adipocyte Cellularity.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Gallus gallus	76-80
24732916-1	2014	BACKGROUND/AIMS: The present study investigated the signaling pathway underlying Rac1 activation induced by the linoleic acid derivative 8-[2-(2-pentyl-cyclopropylmethyl)-cyclopropyl]-octanoic acid (DCP-LA).	Linoleic Acid	112-125	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-85
24284026-3	2014	METHODS AND RESULTS: Compositional analysis of phospholipids from hearts explanted from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy revealed elevated polyunsaturated fatty acid product/precursor ratios reflective of D6D hyperactivity, manifesting primarily as lower levels of linoleic acid with reciprocally higher levels of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids.	Linoleic Acid	269-282	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	209-212
25197629-1	2014	The Delta-12 oleate desaturase gene (FAD2-1), which converts oleic acid into linoleic acid, is the key enzyme determining the fatty acid composition of seed oil.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 1	Glycine max	37-43
25428743-7	2014	The FA composition in MS1 group differed from MS2 by higher contents of palmitoleic (+30 %), gamma-linolenic (+22 %), dihomo-gamma-linolenic (+9 %) acids and by a lower content of linoleic acid (-25 %) (all P&lt;0.01).	Linoleic Acid	180-193	MS	Homo sapiens	22-25
24287369-4	2014	Among the endogenous TRP-channel sensitizers, activators and inhibitors, more than 50 arachidonic acid- and linoleic acid-metabolites from the COX-, LOX- and CYP-pathways, as well as lysophospholipids and isoprenoids can be found.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	149-152
24380377-1	2014	Substitution of -CD2- at the reactive centers of linoleic and linolenic acids reduces the rate of abstraction of D by a tocopheryl radical by as much as 36-fold, compared to the abstraction of H from a corresponding -CH2- center.	Linoleic Acid	49-57	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	17-20
25391857-2	2014	In the cell-free assay of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), cis-unsaturated FFAs such as linoleic, linolenic, and oleic acid significantly suppressed PTP1B activity in a concentration (1 - 100 muM)-dependent manner, with the highest potential for oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	96-104	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1	Rattus norvegicus	26-57
25391857-2	2014	In the cell-free assay of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), cis-unsaturated FFAs such as linoleic, linolenic, and oleic acid significantly suppressed PTP1B activity in a concentration (1 - 100 muM)-dependent manner, with the highest potential for oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	96-104	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
25391857-2	2014	In the cell-free assay of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), cis-unsaturated FFAs such as linoleic, linolenic, and oleic acid significantly suppressed PTP1B activity in a concentration (1 - 100 muM)-dependent manner, with the highest potential for oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	96-104	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1	Rattus norvegicus	157-162
23934656-5	2013	A multiple enzyme two-step one-pot process efficiently catalyzed by a coupled 9S-lipoxygenase (St-LOX1, Solanum tuberosum) and 9/13-hydroperoxide lyase (Cm-9/13HPL, Cucumis melo) cascade reaction is proposed as a potential route for the conversion of linoleic acid into 9-oxononanoic acid, which is a precursor for biopolymers.	Linoleic Acid	251-264	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	81-93
24070791-6	2013	Although there is no standard for complete conclusive identification, structural characterization strongly suggests that the Delta11,13-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) produced by FADS3 from trans-vaccenate is the trans11,cis13-CLA isomer.	Linoleic Acid	147-160	fatty acid desaturase 3	Rattus norvegicus	179-184
24018969-0	2013	t10,c12 conjugated linoleic acid upregulates hepatic de novo lipogenesis and triglyceride synthesis via mTOR pathway activation.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	104-108
24260504-1	2013	This study describes the investigation of the efficiency of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers in reducing cancer cells viability exploring the role of the oxidative stress and acylpeptide hydrolase (APEH)/proteasome mediated pathways on pro-apoptotic activity of the isomer trans10,cis12 (t10,c12)-CLA.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	204-208
24223995-0	2013	Endurance exercise and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation up-regulate CYP17A1 and stimulate testosterone biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	82-89
25460732-6	2014	Our findings show that high glucose and linoleic and oleic acids decrease endothelial NO synthase phosphorylation, and consequently intracellular NO levels, and increase ET-1 synthesis by ECV304 cells.	Linoleic Acid	40-48	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	170-174
24029080-1	2013	Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2), which resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), plays a crucial role in producing linoleic acid (18:2) through catalyzing the desaturation of oleic acid (18:1) by double bond formation at the delta 12 position.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum	Brassica napus	0-23
24029080-1	2013	Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2), which resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), plays a crucial role in producing linoleic acid (18:2) through catalyzing the desaturation of oleic acid (18:1) by double bond formation at the delta 12 position.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum	Brassica napus	25-29
28664069-0	2013	The effects of exercise and conjugated linoleic acid intake on IGF-1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in atrophied skeletal muscle of rats.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
24388885-5	2013	Simultaneously, the levels of individual plasma linoleic, arachidonic, and alpha linolenic acids significantly increased in subjects with the Apo-E4 allele.	Linoleic Acid	48-56	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	142-148
23934656-6	2013	Lipoxygenase catalyzes the insertion of oxygen into linoleic acid through a radical mechanism to give 9S-hydroperoxy-octadecadienoic acid (9S-HPODE) as a cascade intermediate, which is subsequently cleaved by the action of Cm-9/13HPL.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	0-12
23832628-0	2013	The natural PPAR agonist linoleic acid stimulated insulin release in the rat pancreas.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	12-16
23867730-0	2013	Oxidized linoleic acid metabolite-cytochrome P450 system (OLAM-CYP) is active in biopsy samples from patients with inflammatory dental pain.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-49
23867730-0	2013	Oxidized linoleic acid metabolite-cytochrome P450 system (OLAM-CYP) is active in biopsy samples from patients with inflammatory dental pain.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	63-66
23867730-1	2013	Endogenous TRPV1 agonists such as oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OLAMs) and the enzymes releasing them [eg, cytochrome P450 (CYP)] are up-regulated after inflammation in the rat.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	11-16
23867730-1	2013	Endogenous TRPV1 agonists such as oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OLAMs) and the enzymes releasing them [eg, cytochrome P450 (CYP)] are up-regulated after inflammation in the rat.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	113-128
23867730-1	2013	Endogenous TRPV1 agonists such as oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OLAMs) and the enzymes releasing them [eg, cytochrome P450 (CYP)] are up-regulated after inflammation in the rat.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	130-133
23891895-1	2013	Oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OLAMs) are a class of endogenous transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel agonists released on exposure of tissue to transient noxious temperatures.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-109
23891895-1	2013	Oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OLAMs) are a class of endogenous transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel agonists released on exposure of tissue to transient noxious temperatures.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	111-116
23891895-8	2013	Additional studies of the metabolism of [C(14)]-linoleic acid in skin biopsies revealed the role of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system in mediating the metabolism of linoleic acid after thermal injury.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	104-119
23891895-8	2013	Additional studies of the metabolism of [C(14)]-linoleic acid in skin biopsies revealed the role of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system in mediating the metabolism of linoleic acid after thermal injury.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	121-124
24048900-0	2013	Conjugated linoleic acid targets beta2 integrin expression to suppress monocyte adhesion.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	hemoglobin, beta adult minor chain	Mus musculus	33-38
23692753-1	2013	The oxidative stability of conjugated linoleic (CLA) and linoleic (LA) acids in different chemical forms (free acids, methyl esters and homogeneous triacylglycerols) was compared.	Linoleic Acid	38-46	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	48-51
23866021-1	2013	BACKGROUND: The conjugated linoleic acid isomer cis9trans11 CLA can be endogenously synthesized from trans vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11) via desaturation at the delta 9 position catalyzed by the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), also known as delta-9 desaturase (D9D).	Linoleic Acid	27-40	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	60-63
23688400-6	2013	Induction of lipogenesis by linoleic acid (LA) resulted in increased transcript levels of all perilipins except for PLIN3 and in a time-dependent increase of PLIN2 protein.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	perilipin 3	Homo sapiens	116-121
23688400-6	2013	Induction of lipogenesis by linoleic acid (LA) resulted in increased transcript levels of all perilipins except for PLIN3 and in a time-dependent increase of PLIN2 protein.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	perilipin 2	Homo sapiens	158-163
23918045-8	2013	In vitro studies in C2C12 myocytes revealed that linoleate (18:2n6) and not oleate (18:1n9) caused a 3-fold increase in PPARdelta and a 9-fold increase in CPT-1b with a subsequent increase in fat oxidation.	Linoleic Acid	49-58	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	120-129
23918045-8	2013	In vitro studies in C2C12 myocytes revealed that linoleate (18:2n6) and not oleate (18:1n9) caused a 3-fold increase in PPARdelta and a 9-fold increase in CPT-1b with a subsequent increase in fat oxidation.	Linoleic Acid	49-58	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b, muscle	Mus musculus	155-161
23964012-0	2013	Macrophage PPAR gamma Co-activator-1 alpha participates in repressing foam cell formation and atherosclerosis in response to conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	11-42
23611291-5	2013	Sixteen genes were found to have significant effects on different lipid traits, and among these, CFL1 and MYOZ1 were found to have large effects on the ratio of 18:2/18:3, CRI1 on the amount of neutral adrenic acid (22:4 n-6), MMP1 on docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3) and conjugated linoleic acid, PLTP on the ratio of n-6:n-3 and IGF2R on flavour.	Linoleic Acid	282-295	cofilin 1	Bos taurus	97-101
23611291-5	2013	Sixteen genes were found to have significant effects on different lipid traits, and among these, CFL1 and MYOZ1 were found to have large effects on the ratio of 18:2/18:3, CRI1 on the amount of neutral adrenic acid (22:4 n-6), MMP1 on docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3) and conjugated linoleic acid, PLTP on the ratio of n-6:n-3 and IGF2R on flavour.	Linoleic Acid	282-295	myozenin 1	Bos taurus	106-111
24104695-3	2013	Oleic acid, linoleic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) strongly inhibited UGT1A1 activity.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	77-83
26069676-9	2013	Linoleic acid increased PGE2 production in the presence of TNFalpha.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	59-67
23414551-2	2013	Delta6-Desaturase (D6D) and Delta5-desaturase (D5D) are involved in the metabolism of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid to polyunsaturated metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	86-94	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	6-17
23414551-2	2013	Delta6-Desaturase (D6D) and Delta5-desaturase (D5D) are involved in the metabolism of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid to polyunsaturated metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	86-94	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	19-22
23414551-2	2013	Delta6-Desaturase (D6D) and Delta5-desaturase (D5D) are involved in the metabolism of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid to polyunsaturated metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	86-94	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	34-45
23506314-0	2013	Does grape seed oil improve inflammation and insulin resistance in overweight or obese women?	Linoleic Acid	5-19	insulin	Homo sapiens	45-52
23766516-10	2013	Exposing INS 832/13 cells to arachidonate or linoleate reduced Acsl4 mRNA and protein expression and reduced GSIS.	Linoleic Acid	45-54	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
23866021-1	2013	BACKGROUND: The conjugated linoleic acid isomer cis9trans11 CLA can be endogenously synthesized from trans vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11) via desaturation at the delta 9 position catalyzed by the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), also known as delta-9 desaturase (D9D).	Linoleic Acid	27-40	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	191-216
23866021-1	2013	BACKGROUND: The conjugated linoleic acid isomer cis9trans11 CLA can be endogenously synthesized from trans vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11) via desaturation at the delta 9 position catalyzed by the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), also known as delta-9 desaturase (D9D).	Linoleic Acid	27-40	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	218-222
23866021-1	2013	BACKGROUND: The conjugated linoleic acid isomer cis9trans11 CLA can be endogenously synthesized from trans vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11) via desaturation at the delta 9 position catalyzed by the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), also known as delta-9 desaturase (D9D).	Linoleic Acid	27-40	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	239-257
23866021-1	2013	BACKGROUND: The conjugated linoleic acid isomer cis9trans11 CLA can be endogenously synthesized from trans vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11) via desaturation at the delta 9 position catalyzed by the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), also known as delta-9 desaturase (D9D).	Linoleic Acid	27-40	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	259-262
23355366-3	2013	Kinetic assays demonstrated that oleic acid and linoleic acid were competitive inhibitors, and their interactions with alpha-glucosidase exhibited a character of static quenching, which indicates that they would bind to alpha-glucosidase to form a complex.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	sucrase-isomaltase	Homo sapiens	119-136
23355366-3	2013	Kinetic assays demonstrated that oleic acid and linoleic acid were competitive inhibitors, and their interactions with alpha-glucosidase exhibited a character of static quenching, which indicates that they would bind to alpha-glucosidase to form a complex.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	sucrase-isomaltase	Homo sapiens	220-237
23355366-6	2013	Taken together, these results conclude that oleic acid and linoleic acid possess potent inhibitory effects on alpha-glucosidase activity.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	sucrase-isomaltase	Homo sapiens	110-127
23519462-7	2013	GLP-1 release was increased to 2.6-fold the control value by forskolin + isobutylmethylxanthine (10 mumol/l each), 2.8-fold by phorbol myristate acetate (1 mumol/l) and 1.4-fold by linoleic acid (100 mumol/l).	Linoleic Acid	181-194	glucagon	Homo sapiens	0-5
24396573-3	2013	MATERIALS AND METHODS: This experimental study investigated the effects of c9, t11-Conjugated Linoleic Acid (c9, t11-CLA).	Linoleic Acid	94-107	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	117-120
23684041-1	2013	The dairy protein beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) is known to bind fatty acids such as the salt of the essential longchain fatty acid linoleic acid (cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, n-6, 18:2).	Linoleic Acid	127-140	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	18-36
23684041-1	2013	The dairy protein beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) is known to bind fatty acids such as the salt of the essential longchain fatty acid linoleic acid (cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, n-6, 18:2).	Linoleic Acid	127-140	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	38-41
23684041-1	2013	The dairy protein beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) is known to bind fatty acids such as the salt of the essential longchain fatty acid linoleic acid (cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, n-6, 18:2).	Linoleic Acid	142-175	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	18-36
23684041-1	2013	The dairy protein beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) is known to bind fatty acids such as the salt of the essential longchain fatty acid linoleic acid (cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, n-6, 18:2).	Linoleic Acid	142-175	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	38-41
23684041-2	2013	The aim of the current study was to investigate how bovine BLG-linoleate complexes, of various stoichiometry, affect the enzymatic digestion of BLG and the intracellular transport of linoleate into enterocyte-like monolayers.	Linoleic Acid	63-72	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	59-62
23684041-2	2013	The aim of the current study was to investigate how bovine BLG-linoleate complexes, of various stoichiometry, affect the enzymatic digestion of BLG and the intracellular transport of linoleate into enterocyte-like monolayers.	Linoleic Acid	63-72	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	144-147
23684041-3	2013	Duodenal and gastric digestions of the complexes indicated that BLG was hydrolyzed more rapidly when complexed with linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	116-125	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	64-67
23684041-4	2013	Digested as well as undigested BLG-linoleate complexes reduced intracellular linoleate transport as compared with free linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	35-44	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	31-34
23684041-4	2013	Digested as well as undigested BLG-linoleate complexes reduced intracellular linoleate transport as compared with free linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	77-86	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	31-34
23684041-4	2013	Digested as well as undigested BLG-linoleate complexes reduced intracellular linoleate transport as compared with free linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	77-86	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	31-34
23684041-5	2013	To investigate whether enteroendocrine cells perceive linoleate differently when part of a complex, the ability of linoleate to increase production or secretion of the enteroendocrine satiety hormone, cholecystokinin, was measured.	Linoleic Acid	115-124	cholecystokinin	Bos taurus	201-216
23684041-6	2013	Cholecystokinin mRNA levels were different when linoleate was presented to the cells alone or as part of a protein complex.	Linoleic Acid	48-57	cholecystokinin	Bos taurus	0-15
23684044-0	2013	Short communication: aquaporin-7 mRNA in adipose depots of primiparous and pluriparous dairy cows: long-term physiological and conjugated linoleic acid-induced changes.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	aquaporin-7	Bos taurus	21-32
23775014-0	2013	Vegetarian diet-induced increase in linoleic acid in serum phospholipids is associated with improved insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	insulin	Homo sapiens	101-108
23746194-2	2013	Delta-6 desaturase (D6D) initiates the metabolism of linoleic acid (LA) and ALA to arachidonic acid, EPA, and DHA, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	0-18
23746194-2	2013	Delta-6 desaturase (D6D) initiates the metabolism of linoleic acid (LA) and ALA to arachidonic acid, EPA, and DHA, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	20-23
23500663-1	2013	Binding of 18-carbon unsaturated oleic and linoleic acid to lactoglobulin, the milk protein, has been studied for the first time by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and X-ray crystallography.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	casein beta	Bos taurus	79-91
22926626-7	2013	We demonstrate for the first time that STC-1 cells produce PYY mRNA transcripts; that STC-1 cells produce specific time- and concentration-dependent PYY secretory responses to valeric acid; that linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid 9,11 (CLA 9,11) are potent PYY secretagogues; and that chronic exposure of SCFAs and LCFAs can be detrimental to STC-1 cells.	Linoleic Acid	195-208	peptide YY	Homo sapiens	59-62
22901688-0	2013	Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses IRF3 activation via modulation of CD14.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	interferon regulatory factor 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
22463497-1	2013	A study was conducted to determine the effect of two levels of linoleic acid (LA) intake at either high or low alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) intake on their conversion and subsequent deposition into long-chain (20-22 C-atoms) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC PUFA) in muscle and backfat in growing pigs.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	Polyunsaturated fatty acid percentage	Sus scrofa	255-259
23587385-11	2013	Conjugated linoleic acid treatment did not significantly reduce the mRNA abundance of enzymes involved in NADPH production, but the mRNA abundance for sterol regulatory element-binding factor 1 and insulin-induced gene 1, genes involved in regulation of transcription of lipogenic enzymes, was decreased by almost 30 and 55%, respectively, with CLA treatment.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	insulin induced gene 1	Bos taurus	198-220
23499711-5	2013	Membrane lipids such as linoleic and arachidonic acids are vulnerable to the cumulative oxidative stresses, generating a toxic peroxidation product "hydroxynonenal" that can carbonylate Hsp70.1.	Linoleic Acid	24-32	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A	Homo sapiens	186-193
23766724-5	2013	Compared with the control group, plasma Hcy was significantly decreased in the 22:6n-3 and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) groups; mRNA expression of Mthfr was significantly upregulated in the 22:6n-3, 20:5n-3, and 18:3n-3 groups and downregulated in the 18:2n-6 and stearolic acid (SO) groups.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	Rattus norvegicus	149-154
22901688-0	2013	Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses IRF3 activation via modulation of CD14.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	70-74
22901688-2	2013	Previous studies have clearly demonstrated that the cis-9, trans-11 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA), found predominantly in beef and dairy products, can modulate the response of immune cells to the toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Linoleic Acid	89-102	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	111-114
22901688-2	2013	Previous studies have clearly demonstrated that the cis-9, trans-11 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA), found predominantly in beef and dairy products, can modulate the response of immune cells to the toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Linoleic Acid	89-102	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	234-237
23278358-7	2013	Following exposure to linoleic acid, 9- and 13-HODE were detected in DRGs and TRPV1 antagonist-sensitive calcium responses evoked, which were blocked by the 15-lipoxygenase inhibitor PD146176 and an anti-13-HODE antibody.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-83
23566279-4	2013	The PPARgamma FP assay is shown to be a simple method for measuring real-time lipase activity using a number of triglyceride substrates including olive oil and grape seed oil emulsions.	Linoleic Acid	160-174	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	4-13
23354176-0	2013	cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid stimulates expression of angiopoietin like-4 in the placental extravillous trophoblast cells.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	angiopoietin like 4	Homo sapiens	65-84
23261389-2	2013	Linoleic acid (LA) is known to modulate the functional state of connexin46 (Cx46) HCs.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	gap junction protein alpha 3	Homo sapiens	64-74
23415539-0	2013	Milk fat responses to butterfat infusion during conjugated linoleic acid-induced milk fat depression in lactating dairy cows.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
23261389-0	2013	Linoleic acid induces opening of connexin26 hemichannels through a PI3K/Akt/Ca(2+)-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	gap junction protein beta 2	Homo sapiens	33-43
22832076-0	2013	trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid promotes bone formation by inhibiting adipogenesis by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma-dependent mechanisms and by directly enhancing osteoblastogenesis from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	95-143
23510583-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Our previous work showed that dietary oxidized linoleic acid given, as a single fatty acid, to LDL receptor knockout mice decreased weight gain as compared to control mice.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	107-119
23261389-0	2013	Linoleic acid induces opening of connexin26 hemichannels through a PI3K/Akt/Ca(2+)-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
23261389-2	2013	Linoleic acid (LA) is known to modulate the functional state of connexin46 (Cx46) HCs.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	gap junction protein alpha 3	Homo sapiens	76-80
23273456-6	2013	The concentrations of arachidonic and linoleic acids and the ratio of dihomo-gamma-linolenic to linoleic acid were significantly associated with FADS2 polymorphisms.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	fatty acid desaturase 2	Sus scrofa	145-150
23268327-7	2013	Quantitative real-time PCR assay suggested that fasting, high fat feeding or linoleic acid (LA) all could significantly induce up-regulation of GalR1a both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting roles of GalR1a in control of nutrition intake, especially to fat.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	galanin receptor 1a	Danio rerio	198-204
23264678-2	2013	Based on our published data showing that trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12 CLA)-mediated intracellular calcium accumulation is linked to inflammation and insulin resistance, we hypothesized that inhibiting DGKs with R59022 would prevent t10,c12 CLA-mediated inflammatory signaling and insulin resistance in human adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	insulin	Homo sapiens	171-178
23264678-2	2013	Based on our published data showing that trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12 CLA)-mediated intracellular calcium accumulation is linked to inflammation and insulin resistance, we hypothesized that inhibiting DGKs with R59022 would prevent t10,c12 CLA-mediated inflammatory signaling and insulin resistance in human adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	insulin	Homo sapiens	302-309
23268327-7	2013	Quantitative real-time PCR assay suggested that fasting, high fat feeding or linoleic acid (LA) all could significantly induce up-regulation of GalR1a both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting roles of GalR1a in control of nutrition intake, especially to fat.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	galanin receptor 1a	Danio rerio	144-150
25049775-1	2013	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of lactation stage and individual performance on milk cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in dairy cows.	Linoleic Acid	132-145	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	100-104
23267746-7	2013	Furthermore, linoleic acid treatment increased MMP-9 activity and CD11b cell surface expression in neutrophils.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	47-52
23267746-7	2013	Furthermore, linoleic acid treatment increased MMP-9 activity and CD11b cell surface expression in neutrophils.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	66-71
23267746-9	2013	Linoleic acid also rapidly (2-5 min) stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK as evaluated by immunoblot.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Bos taurus	71-77
23267746-10	2013	Finally, COX-2 and IL-8 mRNA expression increased after 2h of linoleic acid treatment.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	Bos taurus	9-14
23267746-10	2013	Finally, COX-2 and IL-8 mRNA expression increased after 2h of linoleic acid treatment.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Bos taurus	19-23
23070607-0	2013	IL-10 mediates the immunoregulatory response in conjugated linoleic acid-induced regression of atherosclerosis.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	0-5
23179791-0	2013	Role of LOXs and COX-2 on FAK activation and cell migration induced by linoleic acid in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	17-22
23179791-0	2013	Role of LOXs and COX-2 on FAK activation and cell migration induced by linoleic acid in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	26-29
23070607-1	2013	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induces regression of preestablished atherosclerosis in the ApoE(-/-) mouse.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	91-95
23365010-0	2013	Conjugated linoleic acid isomers and their precursor fatty acids regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor subtypes and major peroxisome proliferator responsive element-bearing target genes in HepG2 cell model.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	74-116
23148256-1	2013	In spite of the difficulties in delivering PUFA to ruminants, studies have generally indicated that the PUFA of the omega-6 (linoleic acid) and omega-3 [alpha-linolenic acid; eicosapentaenoic (EPA), C20:5 omega-3; docosahexaenoic (DHA), C22:6 omega-3] families are the most beneficial to improving reproduction in cows.	Linoleic Acid	125-138	PUFA	Bos taurus	104-108
22704782-0	2013	Activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase, AMP-activated kinase and Akt substrate-160 kDa by trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid mediates skeletal muscle glucose uptake.	Linoleic Acid	123-136	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
23174142-1	2013	We evaluated the potential of a thermoresponsive hydrogel consisting of conjugated linoleic acid-coupled Pluronic F-127 (Plu-CLA) as a controlled release, intraperitoneal delivery system for docetaxel with the aim of treating peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	125-128
23116821-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Investigations concerned the mechanism of HT-29 cells radiosensitization by cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA), a natural component of human diet with proven antitumor activity.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	136-139
23224081-5	2013	Mass spectrometric analysis identified CYP2S1 as a novel macrophage CYP and CYP2S1-containing microsomes generated epoxides of arachidonic, linoleic and eicosapentaenoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	140-148	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily S member 1	Homo sapiens	39-45
23224081-5	2013	Mass spectrometric analysis identified CYP2S1 as a novel macrophage CYP and CYP2S1-containing microsomes generated epoxides of arachidonic, linoleic and eicosapentaenoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	140-148	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	39-42
23224081-5	2013	Mass spectrometric analysis identified CYP2S1 as a novel macrophage CYP and CYP2S1-containing microsomes generated epoxides of arachidonic, linoleic and eicosapentaenoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	140-148	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily S member 1	Homo sapiens	76-82
23594444-1	2013	BACKGROUND/AIMS: The linoleic acid derivative DCP-LA selectively activates PKCepsilon and inhibits protein phosphatase 1 (PP1).	Linoleic Acid	21-34	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	75-85
24260736-3	2013	PA at 100 muM and 500 muM effectively inhibited the decay of linoleic acid, both in the absence and presence of Fe(II)/ascorbate.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	latexin	Homo sapiens	22-25
23594444-1	2013	BACKGROUND/AIMS: The linoleic acid derivative DCP-LA selectively activates PKCepsilon and inhibits protein phosphatase 1 (PP1).	Linoleic Acid	21-34	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	99-120
23594444-1	2013	BACKGROUND/AIMS: The linoleic acid derivative DCP-LA selectively activates PKCepsilon and inhibits protein phosphatase 1 (PP1).	Linoleic Acid	21-34	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
23883876-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Linoleic acid (LA) promotes monocyte chemotaxis and cell adhesion molecules such as MCP-1 and VCAM-1, which contribute to atherosclerogenesis.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	96-101
23883876-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Linoleic acid (LA) promotes monocyte chemotaxis and cell adhesion molecules such as MCP-1 and VCAM-1, which contribute to atherosclerogenesis.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	106-112
23762566-0	2013	Trans-10, cis 12-Conjugated Linoleic Acid-Induced Milk Fat Depression Is Associated with Inhibition of PPARgamma Signaling and Inflammation in Murine Mammary Tissue.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	103-112
24371460-0	2013	Antiproliferative Action of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Human MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Mediated by Enhancement of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication through Inactivation of NF- kappa B.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	182-193
24054282-10	2013	The composition, degree of saturation, and total conjugated linoleic acid content of fatty acids in milk fat were not affected by the change in peNDF content of the diet.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	100-104
23127906-9	2013	Allele DGAT1 232A in winter as well as in summer milk samples was negatively associated with most FA with less than 18 carbons, saturated FA, saturated FA to unsaturated FA ratio, and C10 to C16 unsaturation indices, and was positively associated with C14:0, unsaturated C18, unsaturated FA, and C18 and conjugated linoleic acid unsaturation indices.	Linoleic Acid	315-328	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Bos taurus	7-12
23127906-10	2013	Allele SCD1 293V in winter as well as in summer milk samples was negatively associated with C18:0, C10:1 to cis-9 C14:1, trans-11 C18:1, and C10 to C14 unsaturation indices, and positively associated with C8:0 to C14:0, cis-9 C16:1, and C16 to conjugated linoleic acid unsaturation indices.	Linoleic Acid	255-268	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	7-11
23691291-4	2013	Palmitate and stearate increased the expression of PTEN, whereas the unsaturated fatty acids, oleate and linoleate, reduced PTEN expression in both cell types.	Linoleic Acid	105-114	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	124-128
25049536-10	2012	In successive weeks of lactation, an improved energy balance contributed to a decrease in the concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and an increase in the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of milk fat.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	207-211
23383292-4	2013	RESULTS: After adjustment, D6D activity, assessed as arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4n-6)/linoleic acid (LA, C18:2n-6), was higher in CAD patients (p&lt;0.001).	Linoleic Acid	85-98	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	27-30
23148485-3	2012	We performed liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry-based structural characterization of oxygenated, hydrolyzed molecular species of PS-containing linoleic acid in either the sn-2 position (C(18:0)/C(18:2)) or in both sn-1 and sn-2 positions (C(18:2)/C(18:2)), formed in the cytochrome c- and H(2)O(2)-driven enzymatic oxidation reaction.	Linoleic Acid	172-185	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	300-312
23148485-5	2012	We found that Lp-PLA(2) catalyzed the hydrolysis of both nontruncated and truncated (oxidatively fragmented) species of oxidized PS species, albeit with different efficiencies, and performed detailed characterization of the major reaction products: oxygenated derivatives of linoleic acid as well as nonoxygenated and oxygenated species of lyso-PS.	Linoleic Acid	275-288	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	14-23
23148485-6	2012	Among linoleic acid products, derivatives oxygenated at the C(9) position, including 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE), a potent ligand of G protein-coupled receptor G2A, were the most abundant.	Linoleic Acid	6-19	G protein-coupled receptor 132	Homo sapiens	171-174
24200941-6	2013	On the other hand, linoleic acid and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (&lt;10 muM) did not affect cell proliferation and viability.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	latexin	Homo sapiens	87-90
22861649-1	2012	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Two oxidation products of linoleic acid, 9- and 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids (HODEs), have recently been suggested to act as endovanilloids, that is, endogenous agonists of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channels, thereby contributing to inflammatory hyperalgesia in rats.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	201-241
22861649-1	2012	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Two oxidation products of linoleic acid, 9- and 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids (HODEs), have recently been suggested to act as endovanilloids, that is, endogenous agonists of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channels, thereby contributing to inflammatory hyperalgesia in rats.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	243-248
22984144-3	2012	We sought to characterize the substrate specificity of 12-LOX against six essential fatty acids: AA, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosadienoic acid (EDA), and linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	224-237	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S type	Homo sapiens	55-61
23063161-0	2012	Effect of linoleic acid and dietary vitamin E supplementation on sustained conjugated linoleic acid production in milk fat from dairy cows.	Linoleic Acid	86-99	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	114-118
23063161-1	2012	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; cis-9,trans-11 18:2), a bioactive fatty acid (FA) found in milk and dairy products, has potential human health benefits due to its anticarcinogenic and antiatherogenic properties.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	90-94
23063161-2	2012	Conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in milk fat can be markedly increased by dietary manipulation; however, high levels of CLA are difficult to sustain as rumen biohydrogenation shifts and milk fat depression (MFD) is often induced.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	43-47
23139133-1	2012	Luteolin, isolated from the seeds of Perilla frutescens (perilla seeds), inhibited the peroxidation of linoleic acid catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, Type 1) with an IC(50) of 5.0 M (1.43 mug/mL) noncompetitively.	Linoleic Acid	103-116	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	138-152
23077197-0	2012	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid activates PPARgamma and the intestinal trefoil factor in SW480 cells and mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	43-52
23077197-0	2012	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid activates PPARgamma and the intestinal trefoil factor in SW480 cells and mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	trefoil factor 3, intestinal	Mus musculus	61-86
22967031-3	2012	Ten days after infiltration, tobacco leaves infiltrated with CmHPL displayed high enzyme activities of 9-LOX and 9-HPL, which could efficiently transform linoleic acid into C(9) aldehydes.	Linoleic Acid	154-167	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Nicotiana tabacum	105-108
22967031-6	2012	Besides, leaves infiltrated with SlPXG and StEH showed considerable enzyme activities of 9-LOX/PXG and 9-LOX/EH, respectively, enabling the production of 9,12,13-trihydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acid from linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	202-215	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Nicotiana tabacum	91-94
22967031-6	2012	Besides, leaves infiltrated with SlPXG and StEH showed considerable enzyme activities of 9-LOX/PXG and 9-LOX/EH, respectively, enabling the production of 9,12,13-trihydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acid from linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	202-215	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Nicotiana tabacum	105-108
22988119-6	2012	A role for hyperinsulinemia and increased insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) expression during mammary growth induced by the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid was confirmed by its reversal upon pharmacological inhibition of IGF-IR function.	Linoleic Acid	175-188	insulin-like growth factor I receptor	Mus musculus	42-79
22988119-6	2012	A role for hyperinsulinemia and increased insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) expression during mammary growth induced by the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid was confirmed by its reversal upon pharmacological inhibition of IGF-IR function.	Linoleic Acid	175-188	insulin-like growth factor I receptor	Mus musculus	81-87
22988119-6	2012	A role for hyperinsulinemia and increased insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) expression during mammary growth induced by the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid was confirmed by its reversal upon pharmacological inhibition of IGF-IR function.	Linoleic Acid	175-188	insulin-like growth factor I receptor	Mus musculus	254-260
22322480-1	2012	A diet high in linoleic acid (an omega-6 PUFA) increased the formation of miscoding etheno (epsilon)--DNA adducts in WBC-DNA of women, but not in men (Nair et al., Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 1997;6:597-601).	Linoleic Acid	15-28	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	41-45
22913587-8	2012	Physiological linoleic and linolenic acids proved to be the preferred substrates for PXG4; they are oxidized into the different positional isomers of the monoepoxides and into diepoxides.	Linoleic Acid	14-22	Caleosin-related family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	85-89
23006841-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OLAMs) are a class of endogenous agonists to the transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) receptor.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	97-128
22234647-0	2012	Transcriptional analysis reveals a high impact of conjugated linoleic acid on stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1 mRNA expression in mice gastrocnemius muscle.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	78-110
22480845-6	2012	Expression of S-1-PR 1 to 5 was determined in conditions mirroring diabetes (40 mM glucose) and metabolic syndrome (25 mM glucose with 20 muM linoleic acid and 20 muM oleic acid).	Linoleic Acid	142-155	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Homo sapiens	14-22
22633978-1	2012	Recently, specific oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OLAMs) have been identified as transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel agonists that contribute to inflammatory and heat hyperalgesia mechanisms, yet the specific mechanism responsible for OLAM synthesis in sensory neurons is unknown.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	86-126
22633978-1	2012	Recently, specific oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OLAMs) have been identified as transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel agonists that contribute to inflammatory and heat hyperalgesia mechanisms, yet the specific mechanism responsible for OLAM synthesis in sensory neurons is unknown.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-133
22633978-8	2012	Together, these findings show that CYP enzymes play a primary role in mediating linoleic acid-evoked activation of sensory neurons and furthermore, implicate the involvement of specific CYPs as contributing to the formation of OLAMs that act as TRPV1 agonists within this subpopulation of nociceptors.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	245-250
23006841-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OLAMs) are a class of endogenous agonists to the transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) receptor.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	130-135
23006841-8	2012	Moreover, the ipl injection of linoleic acid to rats 24 hr after CFA evoked spontaneous nocifensive behaviors that were significantly reduced by capsazepine, by knockout of the TRPV1 gene, or by pretreatment with either anti-OLAM antibodies or ketoconazole.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	177-182
22105830-10	2012	In addition, linoleic acid but not oleic acid induced MSC to increase production of interleukin-8.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	84-97
22189865-1	2012	A recombinant enzyme from Lysinibacillus fusiformis was expressed, purified, and identified as an oleate hydratase because the hydration activity of the enzyme was the highest for oleic acid (with a k                         (cat) of 850 min(-1) and a K                         (m) of 540 muM), followed by palmitoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, myristoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	347-360	oleate hydratase	Lysinibacillus fusiformis	98-114
22770909-4	2012	The enzyme 15-lipoxygenase type 1 (15-LOX-1), which is involved in arachidonic and linoleic acid metabolism, has the potential to down-regulate the expression of p21.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	11-43
22770909-4	2012	The enzyme 15-lipoxygenase type 1 (15-LOX-1), which is involved in arachidonic and linoleic acid metabolism, has the potential to down-regulate the expression of p21.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	162-165
22833652-1	2012	The c9,t11-18:2 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) represents the main dietary CLA form with putative health benefits.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	59-62
22833652-1	2012	The c9,t11-18:2 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) represents the main dietary CLA form with putative health benefits.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	92-95
22445513-6	2012	Linoleic acid infusion dose-dependently increased plasma glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY and cholecystokinin levels, but not ghrelin levels.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	57-80
22445513-6	2012	Linoleic acid infusion dose-dependently increased plasma glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY and cholecystokinin levels, but not ghrelin levels.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	peptide YY	Rattus norvegicus	82-92
22838384-4	2012	The method is applied to probe the effect of the active site elements on the critical hydrogen transfer step in the soybean lipoxygenase-1 (SLO-1) catalyzed oxidation of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	170-183	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	124-138
22468920-3	2012	The unique structure of CL with four linoleic acid side chains in the same molecule and its cellular location make it extremely susceptible to free radical oxidation by reactive oxygen species including free radicals derived from peroxidase activity of cyt c/CL complex, singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	253-258
22818443-0	2012	Conjugated linoleic acid synthesis-related protein proteasome subunit alpha 5 (PSMA5) is increased by vaccenic acid treatment in goat mammary tissue.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	proteasome subunit alpha type-5	Capra hircus	51-77
22818443-0	2012	Conjugated linoleic acid synthesis-related protein proteasome subunit alpha 5 (PSMA5) is increased by vaccenic acid treatment in goat mammary tissue.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	proteasome subunit alpha type-5	Capra hircus	79-84
22466357-11	2012	The omega-6 and omega-9 unsaturated fatty acids linoleic and oleic acid activated HR96, but the omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids alpha-linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid inhibited HR96, suggesting that these two distinct sets of lipids perform opposing roles in Daphnia physiology.	Linoleic Acid	48-56	Hormone receptor-like in 96	Drosophila melanogaster	82-86
22712802-5	2012	RESULTS: Propionate-stimulated GPR41 strongly coupled to ERK1/2 activation, while the coupling of linoleic acid-activated GPR40 and acetate-activated GPR43 was weaker.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	free fatty acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-127
22584685-6	2012	Assessment of fatty acids using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry revealed that ER-iPLA(2)gamma mediates the TBHP-induced release of arachidonic acid (20:4), linoleic acid (18:2), and their oxidized forms (18:2-OH, 18:2-OOH, 20:4-OH, 20:4-OOH, 20:4-(OH)(3).	Linoleic Acid	166-179	calcium-independent phospholipase A2-gamma	Oryctolagus cuniculus	91-103
22377717-7	2012	The influence of these complexes 1-3 and omega-thiocaprolactam upon the catalytic peroxidation of linoleic acid to hyperoxolinoleic acid by the enzyme lipoxygenase (LOX) was kinetically and theoretically studied.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	165-168
22648731-1	2012	SCOPE: The dietary fatty acid cis9,trans11 conjugated linoleic acid (cis9,trans11 CLA) has been shown to modify the function of endothelial cells, monocytes, and platelets, all of which are involved in the development of atherosclerosis.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	82-85
22465674-5	2012	For the lipopolymeric structures, out of the tested saturated (from C4 to C18) and unsaturated (C18) fatty acid moieties, two proximate oleic acids or linolic acids provided the oligomers with the best gene silencing activity and also pH specific lytic activity at pH 5.5, presumably facilitating endosomal escape of the polyplexes.	Linoleic Acid	151-164	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	74-77
22612917-7	2012	The conjugated linoleic acid content of milk was highest for PAS+ compared with the other treatments (4.18 vs. 3.41 g/100g of FA).	Linoleic Acid	15-28	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	40-44
22552402-9	2012	Moreover, the influence of complexes 1-3 on the catalytic peroxidation of linoleic acid to hydroperoxylinoleic acid by the enzyme lipoxygenase (LOX) was kinetically studied.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	lysyl oxidase	Bos taurus	144-147
23031465-0	2012	Impact of dietary betaine and conjugated linoleic acid on insulin sensitivity, protein and fat metabolism of obese pigs.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	insulin	Sus scrofa	58-65
22609209-0	2012	Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation caused reduction of perilipin1 and aberrant lipolysis in epididymal adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	perilipin 1	Mus musculus	61-71
22464285-4	2012	METHODS AND RESULTS: In rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs), oxidized linoleic acid (OxLA) at 10-50 muM induced and stabilized PPARalpha protein at earlier time points (0-4 h) but suppressed it at 12 h. Conversely, it activated PPARgamma protein turnover at a later time point (12 h).	Linoleic Acid	74-87	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	131-140
22464285-4	2012	METHODS AND RESULTS: In rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs), oxidized linoleic acid (OxLA) at 10-50 muM induced and stabilized PPARalpha protein at earlier time points (0-4 h) but suppressed it at 12 h. Conversely, it activated PPARgamma protein turnover at a later time point (12 h).	Linoleic Acid	74-87	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	232-241
22124782-0	2012	The role of Rho/Rho-kinase pathway in the expression of ICAM-1 by linoleic acid in human aortic endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	56-62
22124782-1	2012	Linoleic acid (LA), a dietary unsaturated fatty acid, has been known to increase the expression of adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) through the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B. Rho/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway mediates various cellular functions related to cardiovascular disease and affects the expression of ICAM-1.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	126-159
22124782-1	2012	Linoleic acid (LA), a dietary unsaturated fatty acid, has been known to increase the expression of adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) through the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B. Rho/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway mediates various cellular functions related to cardiovascular disease and affects the expression of ICAM-1.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	161-167
22124782-1	2012	Linoleic acid (LA), a dietary unsaturated fatty acid, has been known to increase the expression of adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) through the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B. Rho/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway mediates various cellular functions related to cardiovascular disease and affects the expression of ICAM-1.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	235-239
22124782-1	2012	Linoleic acid (LA), a dietary unsaturated fatty acid, has been known to increase the expression of adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) through the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B. Rho/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway mediates various cellular functions related to cardiovascular disease and affects the expression of ICAM-1.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	349-355
21840193-0	2012	Linoleic acid increases monocyte chemotaxis and adhesion to human aortic endothelial cells through protein kinase C- and cyclooxygenase-2-dependent mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	121-137
21840193-4	2012	Linoleic acid enhanced PECAM-1 expression independently of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and significantly increased TNF-alpha-induced monocyte adhesion to HAEC in comparison to the monounsaturated n-9 oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	23-30
21840193-4	2012	Linoleic acid enhanced PECAM-1 expression independently of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and significantly increased TNF-alpha-induced monocyte adhesion to HAEC in comparison to the monounsaturated n-9 oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	121-130
21840193-8	2012	Conditioned medium from linoleic acid-treated HAEC grown in normal glucose conditions significantly increased THP-1 chemotaxis.	Linoleic Acid	24-37	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	110-115
21840193-9	2012	These results suggest that linoleic acid-induced changes in monocyte chemotaxis and subsequent binding are not solely mediated by changes in adhesion molecule expression but may be due to secreted factors such as IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or prostaglandins (PGs) such as PGE(2), as IL-8 neutralisation and COX-2 inhibition reduced monocyte binding without changes in adhesion molecule expression.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	213-217
21840193-9	2012	These results suggest that linoleic acid-induced changes in monocyte chemotaxis and subsequent binding are not solely mediated by changes in adhesion molecule expression but may be due to secreted factors such as IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or prostaglandins (PGs) such as PGE(2), as IL-8 neutralisation and COX-2 inhibition reduced monocyte binding without changes in adhesion molecule expression.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	219-253
21840193-9	2012	These results suggest that linoleic acid-induced changes in monocyte chemotaxis and subsequent binding are not solely mediated by changes in adhesion molecule expression but may be due to secreted factors such as IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or prostaglandins (PGs) such as PGE(2), as IL-8 neutralisation and COX-2 inhibition reduced monocyte binding without changes in adhesion molecule expression.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	297-301
21840193-9	2012	These results suggest that linoleic acid-induced changes in monocyte chemotaxis and subsequent binding are not solely mediated by changes in adhesion molecule expression but may be due to secreted factors such as IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or prostaglandins (PGs) such as PGE(2), as IL-8 neutralisation and COX-2 inhibition reduced monocyte binding without changes in adhesion molecule expression.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	321-326
22661989-0	2012	Effect of palmitic acid and linoleic acid on expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in human bone marrow endothelial cells (HBMECs).	Linoleic Acid	28-41	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	59-65
22661989-0	2012	Effect of palmitic acid and linoleic acid on expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in human bone marrow endothelial cells (HBMECs).	Linoleic Acid	28-41	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	70-76
22661989-3	2012	In this study, we investigated the effect of palmitic acid and linoleic acid on expression of soluble and cell-associated forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in human bone marrow endothelial cells (HBMECs).	Linoleic Acid	63-76	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	166-172
22661989-3	2012	In this study, we investigated the effect of palmitic acid and linoleic acid on expression of soluble and cell-associated forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in human bone marrow endothelial cells (HBMECs).	Linoleic Acid	63-76	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	178-211
22661989-3	2012	In this study, we investigated the effect of palmitic acid and linoleic acid on expression of soluble and cell-associated forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in human bone marrow endothelial cells (HBMECs).	Linoleic Acid	63-76	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	213-219
22661989-7	2012	In addition, the results suggest that linoleic acid could sustain up-regulated ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in activated endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	79-85
22661989-7	2012	In addition, the results suggest that linoleic acid could sustain up-regulated ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in activated endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	90-96
22331994-6	2012	A fatty acid mixture, comprising 3 muM concentrations each of oleic acid and linoleic acid plus 1.5 muM arachidonic acid, doubled the K(m) value for PHEN O-deethylation by rCYP1A2.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2	Rattus norvegicus	172-179
21684141-0	2012	Conjugated linoleic acid improves blood pressure by increasing adiponectin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	63-74
21684141-0	2012	Conjugated linoleic acid improves blood pressure by increasing adiponectin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	79-112
22734209-0	2012	Linoleic acid activates GPR40/FFA1 and phospholipase C to increase [Ca2+]i release and insulin secretion in islet beta-cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-29
22020260-0	2012	Acyl-CoA synthetase 1 is required for oleate and linoleate mediated inhibition of cholesterol efflux through ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	49-58	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 1	Mus musculus	109-144
22020260-6	2012	Mouse macrophages deficient in ACSL1 exhibited reduced sensitivity to oleate- and linoleate-mediated ABCA1 degradation, which resulted in increased ABCA1 levels and increased apolipoprotein A-I-dependent cholesterol efflux in the presence of these fatty acids, as compared with wildtype mouse macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	82-91	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Mus musculus	31-36
22020260-6	2012	Mouse macrophages deficient in ACSL1 exhibited reduced sensitivity to oleate- and linoleate-mediated ABCA1 degradation, which resulted in increased ABCA1 levels and increased apolipoprotein A-I-dependent cholesterol efflux in the presence of these fatty acids, as compared with wildtype mouse macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	82-91	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 1	Mus musculus	101-106
22020260-6	2012	Mouse macrophages deficient in ACSL1 exhibited reduced sensitivity to oleate- and linoleate-mediated ABCA1 degradation, which resulted in increased ABCA1 levels and increased apolipoprotein A-I-dependent cholesterol efflux in the presence of these fatty acids, as compared with wildtype mouse macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	82-91	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 1	Mus musculus	148-153
22020260-6	2012	Mouse macrophages deficient in ACSL1 exhibited reduced sensitivity to oleate- and linoleate-mediated ABCA1 degradation, which resulted in increased ABCA1 levels and increased apolipoprotein A-I-dependent cholesterol efflux in the presence of these fatty acids, as compared with wildtype mouse macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	82-91	apolipoprotein A-I	Mus musculus	175-193
22198657-5	2012	The co-treatments of linoelaidic acid with Abeta further enhanced oxidative damage via enhancing the generation of ROS, nitrite oxide and 8-OHdG, elevating caspase-3, caspase-8 and nitric oxide synthase activities, as well as declining GPX, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities (P &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	21-37	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	156-165
22198657-5	2012	The co-treatments of linoelaidic acid with Abeta further enhanced oxidative damage via enhancing the generation of ROS, nitrite oxide and 8-OHdG, elevating caspase-3, caspase-8 and nitric oxide synthase activities, as well as declining GPX, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities (P &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	21-37	caspase 8	Rattus norvegicus	167-176
22198657-5	2012	The co-treatments of linoelaidic acid with Abeta further enhanced oxidative damage via enhancing the generation of ROS, nitrite oxide and 8-OHdG, elevating caspase-3, caspase-8 and nitric oxide synthase activities, as well as declining GPX, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities (P &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	21-37	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	241-249
22177840-3	2012	We hypothesized that combination of Akt1-targeted therapy with conventional chemotherapy using paclitaxel-incorporated conjugated linoleic acid-coupled poloxamer thermosensitive hydrogel may have synergistic effects in cancer therapeutic efficiency compared with chemotherapy alone.	Linoleic Acid	130-143	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
22313584-0	2012	Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase 1 in hearts of mice.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	egl-9 family hypoxia-inducible factor 2	Mus musculus	52-72
22068616-9	2012	Fatty acids (FAs) such as palmitate and linoleate induced Angptl4 mRNA expression in H4IIE hepatoma cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	40-49	angiopoietin-like 4	Rattus norvegicus	58-65
22365226-0	2012	An unprotected conjugated linoleic acid supplement decreases milk production and secretion of milk components in grazing dairy ewes.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	61-65
22365226-0	2012	An unprotected conjugated linoleic acid supplement decreases milk production and secretion of milk components in grazing dairy ewes.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	94-98
22365226-1	2012	Feeding conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in a rumen-inert form to dairy ewes has been shown to increase milk production, alter milk composition, and increase the milk fat CLA content.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	102-106
22365226-1	2012	Feeding conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in a rumen-inert form to dairy ewes has been shown to increase milk production, alter milk composition, and increase the milk fat CLA content.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	125-129
22365226-1	2012	Feeding conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in a rumen-inert form to dairy ewes has been shown to increase milk production, alter milk composition, and increase the milk fat CLA content.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	125-129
22365109-0	2012	Low linoleic acid may facilitate Delta6 desaturase activity and docosahexaenoic acid accretion in human fetal development.	Linoleic Acid	4-17	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	39-50
21767451-0	2012	Conjugated linoleic acid induces hepatic expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 through PPAR-alpha.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	fibroblast growth factor 21	Mus musculus	55-82
22436184-1	2012	Studies suggested that in human adults, linoleic acid (LA) inhibits the biosynthesis of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), but their effects in growing subjects are largely unknown.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	135-139
21733300-1	2012	Over the past 50 years, increases in dietary n-6 PUFA, such as linoleic acid, have been hypothesised to cause or exacerbate chronic inflammatory diseases.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	49-53
21767451-0	2012	Conjugated linoleic acid induces hepatic expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 through PPAR-alpha.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	91-101
22017546-4	2012	The leaf essential oil showed the strongest antioxidant activity in the beta-carotene/linoleic acid system, with an IC50 value of 35.6 microg mL-1 after 30 min of incubation.	Linoleic Acid	86-99	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	142-146
22144173-1	2012	cis-9, trans-11-Conjugated linoleic acid (c9 t11 CLA) exerts anti-diabetic effects by improving systemic insulin sensitivity and inflammation.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	clasper	Mus musculus	49-52
22355443-10	2012	For example, lipocalin-2 facilitated the redistribution of linoleic acid (C18:2) among different types of phospholipids, including cardiolipin, a structurally unique phospholipid located mainly on the inner membrane of mitochondria.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	lipocalin 2	Mus musculus	13-24
22988513-1	2012	Dietary trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (trans-10, cis-12-CLA) fed to obese and nonobese rodents reduces body fat but leads to greater liver mass due to steatosis.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	clasper	Mus musculus	68-71
22340148-3	2012	RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between GAF scores and energy (kilocalories), carbohydrates, fibre, total fat, linoleic acid, riboflavin, niacin, folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and iron (all P values &lt; 0.05), as well as magnesium (r = 0.41, P &lt; 0.001) and zinc (r = 0.35, P &lt; 0.001).	Linoleic Acid	124-137	fibroblast growth factor 9	Homo sapiens	53-56
22209282-8	2012	In contrast, topical linoleic acid increased the induction of apoptotic cells, and the expression of MMP-1 and IL-6 mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	101-106
22209282-8	2012	In contrast, topical linoleic acid increased the induction of apoptotic cells, and the expression of MMP-1 and IL-6 mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	111-115
22221411-8	2012	Moreover, in the presence of BAPTA-AM, expression of the unfolded protein response (UPR)-associated genes, CHOP, GRP78, and GRP94, was induced by linoleic acid, but not palmitic acid.	Linoleic Acid	146-159	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	113-118
22221411-8	2012	Moreover, in the presence of BAPTA-AM, expression of the unfolded protein response (UPR)-associated genes, CHOP, GRP78, and GRP94, was induced by linoleic acid, but not palmitic acid.	Linoleic Acid	146-159	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-129
21998136-0	2012	TRPM5 is critical for linoleic acid-induced CCK secretion from the enteroendocrine cell line, STC-1.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 5	Homo sapiens	0-5
21998136-0	2012	TRPM5 is critical for linoleic acid-induced CCK secretion from the enteroendocrine cell line, STC-1.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	44-47
21998136-0	2012	TRPM5 is critical for linoleic acid-induced CCK secretion from the enteroendocrine cell line, STC-1.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	94-99
21998136-3	2012	Here we show that linoleic acid (LA) elicits membrane depolarization and an intracellular calcium rise in STC-1 cells and that these responses are significantly reduced when activity of G proteins or phospholipase C is blocked.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	106-111
22467021-3	2012	In the model, BALB/c mice were sensitized orally for three weeks with ovalbumin (OVA) in linoleic acid/lecithin emulsion, followed immediately by intraperitoneal injection of sodium salicylate.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene	Mus musculus	70-79
23155420-0	2012	Cross regulation of sirtuin 1, AMPK, and PPARgamma in conjugated linoleic acid treated adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	20-29
23155420-0	2012	Cross regulation of sirtuin 1, AMPK, and PPARgamma in conjugated linoleic acid treated adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
23155420-0	2012	Cross regulation of sirtuin 1, AMPK, and PPARgamma in conjugated linoleic acid treated adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	41-50
23155420-1	2012	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA) reduces triglyceride (TG) levels in adipocytes through multiple pathways, with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) generally facilitating, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) generally opposing these reductions.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	50-53
23155420-1	2012	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA) reduces triglyceride (TG) levels in adipocytes through multiple pathways, with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) generally facilitating, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) generally opposing these reductions.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	134-162
23155420-1	2012	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA) reduces triglyceride (TG) levels in adipocytes through multiple pathways, with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) generally facilitating, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) generally opposing these reductions.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
23155420-1	2012	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA) reduces triglyceride (TG) levels in adipocytes through multiple pathways, with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) generally facilitating, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) generally opposing these reductions.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	198-246
23155420-1	2012	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA) reduces triglyceride (TG) levels in adipocytes through multiple pathways, with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) generally facilitating, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) generally opposing these reductions.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	248-257
21917638-0	2011	Jejunal linoleic acid infusions require GLP-1 receptor signaling to inhibit food intake: implications for the effectiveness of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	glucagon like peptide 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	40-54
22363592-0	2012	Probiotic bacteria produce conjugated linoleic acid locally in the gut that targets macrophage PPAR gamma to suppress colitis.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	95-105
21821121-0	2011	Conjugated linoleic acid-induced apoptosis in mouse mammary tumor cells is mediated by both G protein coupled receptor-dependent activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway and by oxidative stress.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	G protein-coupled receptor 34	Mus musculus	92-118
22015554-0	2011	Linoleic acid enhances angiogenesis through suppression of angiostatin induced by plasminogen activator inhibitor 1.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	82-115
21688154-2	2011	EDA is elongated from linoleic acid (LA), and can also be metabolized to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), arachidonic acid (AA), and sciadonic acid (Delta5,11,14-20:3; SCA).	Linoleic Acid	22-35	ectodysplasin-A	Mus musculus	0-3
22037943-1	2011	15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) is an inducible and highly regulated enzyme in normal human cells that plays a key role in the production of lipid signaling mediators, such as 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) from linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	219-232	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	0-17
22037943-1	2011	15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) is an inducible and highly regulated enzyme in normal human cells that plays a key role in the production of lipid signaling mediators, such as 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) from linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	219-232	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	19-27
21800078-0	2011	Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on cleavage of amyloid precursor protein via PPARgamma.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	51-76
21800078-0	2011	Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on cleavage of amyloid precursor protein via PPARgamma.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	81-90
21723893-7	2011	Most critically, increased ligand density on anti-CD4-targeted nanoparticles formulated with the linoleic acid-avidin conjugate resulted in a 5% increase in binding of CD4(+) T cells.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	50-53
21723893-7	2011	Most critically, increased ligand density on anti-CD4-targeted nanoparticles formulated with the linoleic acid-avidin conjugate resulted in a 5% increase in binding of CD4(+) T cells.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	168-171
22129452-2	2011	The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that the hydroxylated derivative of linoleic acid (LA), 13-HODE, which is a natural PPAR agonist, has similar effects in RAW264.7 macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	131-135
22114894-5	2011	Cells treated with 50 muM oleic, linoleic or palmitic acid for 24 h were associated with 24, 22, 16 spots differentially expressed, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	33-41	latexin	Homo sapiens	22-25
21868138-2	2011	In the present study, we have synthesized ester derivatives of two important PUFA viz., linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA) with propofol, a widely used general anaesthetic-sedative agent.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	77-81
21854054-0	2011	Conjugated linoleic acid regulates phosphorylation of PPARgamma by modulation of ERK 1/2 and p38 signaling in human macrophages/fatty acid-laden macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	54-63
21854054-0	2011	Conjugated linoleic acid regulates phosphorylation of PPARgamma by modulation of ERK 1/2 and p38 signaling in human macrophages/fatty acid-laden macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	81-88
21854054-0	2011	Conjugated linoleic acid regulates phosphorylation of PPARgamma by modulation of ERK 1/2 and p38 signaling in human macrophages/fatty acid-laden macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
21795062-0	2011	Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid attenuates tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells through induction of interleukin-10.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-80
21795062-0	2011	Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid attenuates tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells through induction of interleukin-10.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	189-203
21902213-3	2011	Described here are first-of-a-kind studies of COX-2-catalyzed oxidation of the substrate analogue linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	46-51
21798687-0	2011	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid and the PPAR-gamma agonist rosiglitazone attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha production by bovine immune cells.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	tumor necrosis factor	Bos taurus	120-129
21798687-2	2011	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of exogenous conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and PPAR-gamma agonist, rosiglitazone, on LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production by cultured whole blood from prepubertal Holstein heifers (mean age, 5.5 mo).	Linoleic Acid	78-91	tumor necrosis factor	Bos taurus	152-179
21798687-2	2011	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of exogenous conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and PPAR-gamma agonist, rosiglitazone, on LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production by cultured whole blood from prepubertal Holstein heifers (mean age, 5.5 mo).	Linoleic Acid	78-91	tumor necrosis factor	Bos taurus	181-190
21862612-8	2011	In contrast, pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) or ERK pathways significantly prevented linoleate-stimulated LH release.	Linoleic Acid	106-115	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	61-64
21862612-8	2011	In contrast, pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) or ERK pathways significantly prevented linoleate-stimulated LH release.	Linoleic Acid	106-115	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	69-72
21862612-9	2011	Accordingly, linoleate was shown to activate novel PKC isoforms, PKCepsilon and -theta, as well as ERK1/2 in LbetaT2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	13-22	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	51-54
21862612-9	2011	Accordingly, linoleate was shown to activate novel PKC isoforms, PKCepsilon and -theta, as well as ERK1/2 in LbetaT2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	13-22	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	65-86
21862612-9	2011	Accordingly, linoleate was shown to activate novel PKC isoforms, PKCepsilon and -theta, as well as ERK1/2 in LbetaT2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	13-22	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	99-105
21723718-0	2011	Cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid promotes neuronal differentiation through regulation of Hes6 mRNA and cell cycle in cultured neural stem cells.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	hes family bHLH transcription factor 6	Homo sapiens	96-100
21744278-0	2011	JNK inhibition by SP600125 attenuates trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid-mediated regulation of inflammatory and lipogenic gene expression.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	0-3
21647637-1	2011	Microsomal delta-12 fatty acid desaturase (FAD2) functions in the first committed step of the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids via the desaturation of oleic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum	Brassica rapa	43-47
21893030-5	2011	Vaspin significantly increased Akt phosphorylation and prevented the impairment of Akt phosphorylation by linoleic acid (LA) in insulin-stimulated endothelial cells, which effects were abolished by pretreatment with the PI3-kinase inhibitor, Wortmannin.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-86
21660964-1	2011	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to positively influence calcium and bone metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	clasper	Mus musculus	26-29
21660964-7	2011	In addition, a significant reduction of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorbing pit formation was observed in t10c12-CLA treated RAW 264.7 cell culture stimulated with RANKL as compared to that of c9t11-CLA and linoleic acid treated cultures.	Linoleic Acid	217-230	clasper	Mus musculus	116-126
21660964-7	2011	In addition, a significant reduction of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorbing pit formation was observed in t10c12-CLA treated RAW 264.7 cell culture stimulated with RANKL as compared to that of c9t11-CLA and linoleic acid treated cultures.	Linoleic Acid	217-230	clasper	Mus musculus	123-126
21954188-2	2011	We recently demonstrated the protective activity of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which functions by the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor2 (Nrf2), a key transcription factor for the synthesis of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes (phase 2).	Linoleic Acid	63-76	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	121-163
21954188-2	2011	We recently demonstrated the protective activity of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which functions by the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor2 (Nrf2), a key transcription factor for the synthesis of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes (phase 2).	Linoleic Acid	63-76	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	165-169
21930915-6	2011	Indeed, lipopeptide TLR2 ligands, when modified at their acyl chains to contain linoleate, lose their capacity to induce inflammation and yield ligands that can directly inhibit the in vivo neutrophil recruitment initiated by a wide range of proinflammatory stimuli.	Linoleic Acid	80-89	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	20-24
21893030-5	2011	Vaspin significantly increased Akt phosphorylation and prevented the impairment of Akt phosphorylation by linoleic acid (LA) in insulin-stimulated endothelial cells, which effects were abolished by pretreatment with the PI3-kinase inhibitor, Wortmannin.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	serpin family A member 12	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
21457203-0	2011	Regulation of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase and fatty acid delta-6 desaturase-2 expression by linoleic acid and arachidonic acid in human sebocytes leads to enhancement of proinflammatory activity but does not affect lipogenesis.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	14-44
21681491-3	2011	In the lipid biosynthetic pathway, the enzyme fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) is responsible for the conversion of oleic acid precursors to linoleic acid precursors in developing soybean seeds.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	46-69
21681491-3	2011	In the lipid biosynthetic pathway, the enzyme fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) is responsible for the conversion of oleic acid precursors to linoleic acid precursors in developing soybean seeds.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	71-75
21457203-0	2011	Regulation of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase and fatty acid delta-6 desaturase-2 expression by linoleic acid and arachidonic acid in human sebocytes leads to enhancement of proinflammatory activity but does not affect lipogenesis.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	49-80
21565851-0	2011	Acute stimulation of glucagon secretion by linoleic acid results from GPR40 activation and [Ca2+]i increase in pancreatic islet {alpha}-cells.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-75
21046125-7	2011	Unsaturated fatty acids (100 mumol/l in complexed with BSA) such as palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid, significantly repressed the basal as well as LPS-induced A-FABP expression, whereas palmitic acid did not elicit the same effect.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte	Mus musculus	213-219
21046125-8	2011	TSA increased A-FABP mRNA levels and abolished the repressive effect of linoleic acid on A-FABP expression in unstimulated and LPS-stimulated macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte	Mus musculus	89-95
21046125-9	2011	Depletion of A-FABP expression by 70-80% using RNAi markedly decreased cyclooxygenase 2 mRNA abundance and potentiated the repression by linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	137-150	fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte	Mus musculus	13-19
21679695-0	2011	Delta-6 desaturase from borage converts linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid in HEK293 cells.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	0-18
21887646-1	2011	Most studies of linoleic acid biohydrogenation propose that it converts to stearic acid through the production of cis-9 trans-11 CLA and trans-11 C18:1.	Linoleic Acid	16-29	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	129-132
21887646-3	2011	To explore this possibility, this research investigated the linoleic acid biohydrogenation pathway to identify CLA isomers in cultures of ruminai microorganisms after dosing with a (13)C stable isotope.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	111-114
21887646-5	2011	After 48 h incubation, significant (13)C enrichment was observed in seven CLA isomers, indicating their formation from linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	119-132	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	74-77
21887646-9	2011	The results of this study verified the formation of cis-9 trans-11 and trans-10 cis-12 CLA isomers from linoleic acid biohydrogenation.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	87-90
21887646-10	2011	An additional five CLA isomers also contained carbons originating from linoleic acid, indicating that pathways of linoleic acid biohydrogenation are more complex than previously described.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	19-22
21887646-10	2011	An additional five CLA isomers also contained carbons originating from linoleic acid, indicating that pathways of linoleic acid biohydrogenation are more complex than previously described.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	19-22
21613229-0	2011	Protective effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor against increased beta cell apoptosis induced by dietary sucrose and linoleic acid in mice with diabetes.	Linoleic Acid	132-145	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Mus musculus	22-44
21613229-0	2011	Protective effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor against increased beta cell apoptosis induced by dietary sucrose and linoleic acid in mice with diabetes.	Linoleic Acid	132-145	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Mus musculus	46-51
20965713-0	2011	Activated AMPK and prostaglandins are involved in the response to conjugated linoleic acid and are sufficient to cause lipid reductions in adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	10-14
21570480-1	2011	AIMS: The study aims to determine the effect of long-chain saturated and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids, specifically palmitic acid (PA; 16:0), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) and linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n-6), and their interactions with factors from adipose tissue, on insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle.	Linoleic Acid	188-201	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	90-94
21449029-9	2011	We found that, in 3D spheroids, linoleic acid treatment activated NFkappaB at earlier time points during the development of steatosis, but suppressed the TNF-mediated NFkappaB activation at later time points.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	154-157
21360038-0	2011	Biphasic effect of linoleic acid on connexin 46 hemichannels.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	gap junction protein alpha 3 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	36-47
21360038-4	2011	Here, we report the effects of linoleic acid (LA) on the electrical properties of Cx46 GJCs and hemichannels expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	gap junction protein alpha 3 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	82-86
21653867-3	2011	Here we show for the first time that long-chain unsaturated free fatty acid, linoleic acid (LA), depolarizes mouse taste cells and elicits a robust intracellular calcium rise via the activation of transient receptor potential channel type M5 (TRPM5).	Linoleic Acid	77-90	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 5	Mus musculus	243-248
21205430-0	2011	Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid modulates NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells via a PPARgamma-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	77-86
21205430-0	2011	Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid modulates NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells via a PPARgamma-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	150-159
21205430-1	2011	The activation of PPARgamma by ligands, including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, plays an important role in the immune response.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	18-27
21391598-0	2011	Comparative effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and linoleic acid (LA) on the oxidoreduction status in THP-1 macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	109-114
21371360-1	2011	The objectives of this study were to analyse buffalo milk fat composition, to verify the activity of Delta(9)-desaturase enzyme in the mammary gland, as well as to estimate additive genetic variances for milk, fat and protein yield, and milk cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid percentage (cis-9,trans-11 CLA%).	Linoleic Acid	268-281	fatty acid desaturase 3	Homo sapiens	101-120
21391601-1	2011	The anti-tumor promotional effects of t9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (t9,t11-CLA) and t10,t12-CLA were evaluated on the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in the human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	78-81
21549030-1	2011	This paper reports the separation of four isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), c,t/t,c-8,10; c,t/t,c-9,11; c,t/t,c-10,12; c,t/t,c-11,13, after reaction of esterification with aliphatic alcohols of different chain length and adduct formation with 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (MTAD).	Linoleic Acid	64-77	homeobox C10	Homo sapiens	119-123
21549030-1	2011	This paper reports the separation of four isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), c,t/t,c-8,10; c,t/t,c-9,11; c,t/t,c-10,12; c,t/t,c-11,13, after reaction of esterification with aliphatic alcohols of different chain length and adduct formation with 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (MTAD).	Linoleic Acid	64-77	RNA polymerase III subunit K	Homo sapiens	134-138
21391598-0	2011	Comparative effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and linoleic acid (LA) on the oxidoreduction status in THP-1 macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	109-114
21161439-0	2011	Long-term exposure of INS-1 rat insulinoma cells to linoleic acid and glucose in vitro affects cell viability and function through mitochondrial-mediated pathways.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-27
21292028-2	2011	They may be a high uptake of dietary linoleic acid and its conversion to LC-PUFAs by desaturases of fatty acids (FADS) 1 and 2 in the mammary gland (MG).	Linoleic Acid	37-50	fatty acid desaturase 1	Rattus norvegicus	100-126
21513558-5	2011	The proportion of linoleic acid (18:2omega-6, LA) was higher in the minor allele carriers of FEN1-10154G&gt;T, rs174575C&gt;G and rs2727270C&gt;T than the major homozygotes, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	flap structure-specific endonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
21161439-7	2011	Compared with control, linoleic acid 500 muM significantly increased Bax expression in 25 mM glucose culture medium but not in 11.1 mM glucose culture medium.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
21161439-4	2011	INS-1 cells were incubated with 0, 50, 250 or 500 muM linoleic acid/0.5% (w/v) BSA for 48 h under culture conditions of normal (11.1 mM) or high (25 mM) glucose in serum-free RPMI-1640 medium.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
21328464-4	2011	CP-24879, a Delta(5)/Delta(6)-desaturase inhibitor, abolished the PGE(2) release induced by TFLLR-NH(2) plus linoleic acid, but not by TFLLR-NH(2) alone.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	21-40
21530801-9	2011	Depletion of PKCdelta using small interfering RNA showed decreased ABCA1 protein levels in control, palmitic acid-, and linoleic acid-treated cells; but the repressive effect of linoleic acid was sustained.	Linoleic Acid	120-133	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	13-21
21530801-9	2011	Depletion of PKCdelta using small interfering RNA showed decreased ABCA1 protein levels in control, palmitic acid-, and linoleic acid-treated cells; but the repressive effect of linoleic acid was sustained.	Linoleic Acid	120-133	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
21530801-9	2011	Depletion of PKCdelta using small interfering RNA showed decreased ABCA1 protein levels in control, palmitic acid-, and linoleic acid-treated cells; but the repressive effect of linoleic acid was sustained.	Linoleic Acid	178-191	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	13-21
20955703-10	2011	In contrast, in GPR40(-/-) that expressed eGFP, [Ca(2+)]i response to linoleic acid was reduced by 50% and there was no significant CCK secretion in response to linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	70-83	free fatty acid receptor 1	Mus musculus	16-21
21186986-0	2011	Modulation of leptin levels by oxidized linoleic acid: a connection to atherosclerosis?	Linoleic Acid	40-53	leptin	Mus musculus	14-20
21068754-4	2011	We also determined that incorporation of linoleic acid was significantly reduced in E-FABP(-/-) keratinocytes.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	fatty acid binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	86-90
21068754-5	2011	Although linoleic acid did not directly affect keratinocyte differentiation, keratin 1 expression was induced by the linoleic acid derivative 13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13(S)-HODE), and this induction was concomitant with increased NF-kappaB activity.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	keratin 1	Homo sapiens	77-86
21068754-5	2011	Although linoleic acid did not directly affect keratinocyte differentiation, keratin 1 expression was induced by the linoleic acid derivative 13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13(S)-HODE), and this induction was concomitant with increased NF-kappaB activity.	Linoleic Acid	117-130	keratin 1	Homo sapiens	77-86
21068754-7	2011	The reduction of linoleic acid in E-FABP(-/-) keratinocytes led to decreased cellular 13(S)-HODE content, resulting in decreased keratin 1 expression through downregulation of NF-kappaB activity.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	fatty acid binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	36-40
21804214-3	2011	We have recently reported that cannabidiol-2",6"-dimethyl ether (CBDD) is a selective and potent inhibitor of 15-LOX-catalyzed linoleic acid oxygenation (Takeda et al., Drug Metab.	Linoleic Acid	127-140	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	110-116
21068754-7	2011	The reduction of linoleic acid in E-FABP(-/-) keratinocytes led to decreased cellular 13(S)-HODE content, resulting in decreased keratin 1 expression through downregulation of NF-kappaB activity.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	keratin 1	Homo sapiens	129-138
21304969-11	2011	Characterization of sera showed that hexanal, a metabolite produced by peroxidation of linoleic acid, was involved in CYP1A1 induction by serum, possibly along with other serum entities.	Linoleic Acid	87-100	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	118-124
20869469-2	2011	As discussed in the present review, virtually all of the major AA metabolizing CYP isoforms accept a variety of other polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including linoleic, eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), as efficient alternative substrates.	Linoleic Acid	164-172	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	79-82
21078775-9	2011	Both oleic acid (OA) and linoleic acid (LA) suppressed PA-induced LOX-1.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	66-71
21456204-1	2011	Conjugated linoleic acid-coupled Pluronic F127 (Plu-CLA) is an effective drug delivery system with numerous advantages and anti-cancer activity.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	clasper	Mus musculus	52-55
21217124-9	2011	Furthermore, the expression levels of AtGA3ox1 and AtGA20ox1 were significantly decreased in wild-type Arabidopsis treated with linoleic acid, linolenic acid or methyl jasmonate.	Linoleic Acid	128-141	gibberellin 3-oxidase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	38-46
21217124-9	2011	Furthermore, the expression levels of AtGA3ox1 and AtGA20ox1 were significantly decreased in wild-type Arabidopsis treated with linoleic acid, linolenic acid or methyl jasmonate.	Linoleic Acid	128-141	2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	51-60
21192631-1	2011	This work describes the application of NMR to the measurement of secondary deuterium (2  (2)H) and carbon-13 ((13)C) kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) at positions 9-13 within the substrate linoleic acid (LA) of soybean lipoxygenase-1.	Linoleic Acid	187-200	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	217-231
21415526-0	2011	Triacylglycerol deposition with group IVC phospholipase A2 expression in oleate- and linoleate-stimulated Huh-7 hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	85-94	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	42-58
21415526-0	2011	Triacylglycerol deposition with group IVC phospholipase A2 expression in oleate- and linoleate-stimulated Huh-7 hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	85-94	MIR7-3 host gene	Homo sapiens	106-111
21415526-4	2011	Stimulation of human hepatoma Huh-7 cells with oleate or linoleate for 48 h increased TG contents time-dependently.	Linoleic Acid	57-66	MIR7-3 host gene	Homo sapiens	30-35
21804214-5	2011	In the LDL, linoleic acid is present as cholesteryl linoleate, the major fatty acid esterified to cholesterol, and is susceptible to oxidative modification by 15-LOX or Cu(2+).	Linoleic Acid	12-25	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	159-165
20232381-0	2011	Linoleic acid and butyrate synergize to increase Bcl-2 levels in colonocytes.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	49-54
21865817-0	2011	All PUFAs are not created equal: absence of CHD benefit specific to linoleic acid in randomized controlled trials and prospective observational cohorts.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	choline dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	44-47
21647334-4	2011	Association analysis revealed that DSEL, EXTL1 and HS6ST1 significantly affected two stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity indices, the amount of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and the relative amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in skeletal muscle (P&lt;0.05).	Linoleic Acid	152-165	dermatan sulfate epimerase like	Bos taurus	35-39
21647334-4	2011	Association analysis revealed that DSEL, EXTL1 and HS6ST1 significantly affected two stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity indices, the amount of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and the relative amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in skeletal muscle (P&lt;0.05).	Linoleic Acid	152-165	exostosin like glycosyltransferase 1	Bos taurus	41-46
21647334-4	2011	Association analysis revealed that DSEL, EXTL1 and HS6ST1 significantly affected two stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity indices, the amount of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and the relative amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in skeletal muscle (P&lt;0.05).	Linoleic Acid	152-165	heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 1	Bos taurus	51-57
22272124-1	2011	Cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11 CLA) producing bacteria have attracted much attention as novel probiotics which have shown beneficial effects on host health.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	complement C9	Homo sapiens	42-53
22016782-3	2011	To find novel molecules able to down-regulate APEH activity, we screened a set of synthetic peptides, reproducing the reactive-site loop of a known archaeal inhibitor of APEH (SsCEI), and the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers.	Linoleic Acid	203-216	acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	46-50
20833107-4	2010	A recent study identifying the essential fatty acid linoleic acid (LA, C18:2) as the endogenous, reversible ligand for HNF4alpha suggests that HNF4alpha may also be a potential drug target and that its activity may be regulated by diet.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	119-128
20833107-4	2010	A recent study identifying the essential fatty acid linoleic acid (LA, C18:2) as the endogenous, reversible ligand for HNF4alpha suggests that HNF4alpha may also be a potential drug target and that its activity may be regulated by diet.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	143-152
21799835-7	2011	Scavenging of hydroxyl radical by mannitol, inhibition of intrinsic lipoxygenase by catechol and removal of molecular oxygen considerably suppressed ultra-weak photon emission measured after the addition of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	207-220	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	68-80
21799835-9	2011	These observations reveal that the oxidation of linoleic acid by hydroxyl radical and intrinsic lipoxygenase results in the ultra-weak photon emission.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	96-108
21105679-2	2010	In the presence of peroxide (ROO( )), the reaction barrier for its addition to CAR to form ROO-CAR( ) is smaller than those for its hydrogen abstractions from CAR and linoleic acid (LAH), respectively.	Linoleic Acid	167-180	CXADR pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	95-98
21105679-2	2010	In the presence of peroxide (ROO( )), the reaction barrier for its addition to CAR to form ROO-CAR( ) is smaller than those for its hydrogen abstractions from CAR and linoleic acid (LAH), respectively.	Linoleic Acid	167-180	CXADR pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	95-98
20848165-5	2010	Differentiated L6 muscle cells expressing c-myc epitope-tagged GLUT4 were treated with palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	42-47
20848165-5	2010	Differentiated L6 muscle cells expressing c-myc epitope-tagged GLUT4 were treated with palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
20848165-11	2010	Oleic acid (120, 300 mumol/L) and linoleic acid (300 mumol/L), but not palmitic acid, significantly decreased insulin-mediated GLUT4 translocation.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	127-132
20844263-1	2010	The trans 10, cis 12-conjugated linoleic acid (10,12-CLA) isomer reduces adiposity in several animal models.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	clasper	Mus musculus	53-56
20656894-0	2010	Linoleic acid supplementation results in increased arachidonic acid and eicosanoid production in CF airway cells and in cftr-/- transgenic mice.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	120-124
20568237-0	2010	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid inhibits skeletal muscle differentiation and GLUT4 expression independently from NF-kappaB activation.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 4	Mus musculus	87-92
21151462-2	2010	This study uses a real time RT-PCR technique to investigate the role of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the regulation of the ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) and liver X receptor alpha (LXR) genes, which are involved in cholesterol homeostasis.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	188-211
20656894-8	2010	IL-8, PGE(2), and PGF(2alpha) secretion were increased in CF compared with WT cells, with a further increase following linoleic acid supplementation.	Linoleic Acid	119-132	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 15	Mus musculus	0-4
20656894-9	2010	cftr(-/-) Mice supplemented with 100 mg of linoleic acid had increased arachidonic acid levels in lung tissue associated with increased neutrophil infiltration into the airway compared with control mice.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	0-4
20656894-10	2010	These findings support the hypothesis that increasing linoleic acid levels in the setting of loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function leads to increased arachidonic acid levels and proinflammatory mediators.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	101-152
20656894-10	2010	These findings support the hypothesis that increasing linoleic acid levels in the setting of loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function leads to increased arachidonic acid levels and proinflammatory mediators.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	154-158
20801654-3	2010	The ability of three fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids) typically contained in the lipid portion of the glycerophospholipids to bind and be oxidized by myeloperoxidase was measured by spectroscopically observing interactions of the lipids with the heme prosthetic group of the enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	41-49	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	170-185
20842125-12	2010	Linoleic acid effect on OCUM-2MD3 cells seems to be dependent on phosphorylation of ERK.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
20837030-9	2010	SIGNIFICANCE: A relatively short-term feeding of an alpha-linolenic acid-restricted, linoleic acid-adequate diet was found to lower the DHA content, BDNF content and p38 MAPK activity in the mouse striatum.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	149-153
20837030-9	2010	SIGNIFICANCE: A relatively short-term feeding of an alpha-linolenic acid-restricted, linoleic acid-adequate diet was found to lower the DHA content, BDNF content and p38 MAPK activity in the mouse striatum.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	166-169
20837030-9	2010	SIGNIFICANCE: A relatively short-term feeding of an alpha-linolenic acid-restricted, linoleic acid-adequate diet was found to lower the DHA content, BDNF content and p38 MAPK activity in the mouse striatum.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	170-174
20600307-9	2010	Other mediators of osteoblast maturation include PPARalpha ligands such as linoleic acid and possibly DHA in association with bone morphogenic proteins.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	49-58
20723666-2	2010	In this study, a potential colon-targeted antitumor drug was developed using bovine beta-LG as a carrier loaded with cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	144-157	beta-lactoglobulin	Bos taurus	84-91
20587751-5	2010	Prolonged (96 h), but not acute, treatment of the GHSR cells with the 18C OFAs oleic and linoleic acid caused a significant increase in sensitivity of the receptor to ghrelin (EC(50) reduced by a factor of 2.4 and 2.9 at 60 and 120 microM OFAs, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	89-102	growth hormone secretagogue receptor	Homo sapiens	50-54
20338603-1	2010	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) can reportedly alter the immune responses of phagocytes; however, it is unknown whether t10c12-CLA has a direct effect on the chemotaxis of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophillic leukocytes (PMNs).	Linoleic Acid	28-41	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	50-53
20338603-1	2010	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) can reportedly alter the immune responses of phagocytes; however, it is unknown whether t10c12-CLA has a direct effect on the chemotaxis of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophillic leukocytes (PMNs).	Linoleic Acid	28-41	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	150-153
20723706-4	2010	Single nucleotide polymorphism and haplotype-based association analyses revealed suggestive associations between genetic variability of the SCD1 locus and lactose, stearic, polyunsaturated, and conjugated linoleic fatty acid contents.	Linoleic Acid	205-224	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Capra hircus	140-144
20723706-7	2010	Gene reporter assays and quantitative PCR analysis would be needed to assess if this mutation has a causal effect on milk polyunsaturated and conjugated linoleic fatty acid levels by altering the amount of SCD1 transcripts in mammary epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	153-172	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Capra hircus	206-210
20573944-1	2010	Previously, dietary conjugated linoleic acid [(CLA), an equal mixture of cis-9, trans-11 (c9t11) and trans-10, cis-12 (t10c12) CLA isomers], was found to reduce inflammation in the murine collagen antibody-induced arthritis model, but less so in the murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model, an arthritic model dependent upon acquired immunity.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	clasper	Mus musculus	47-50
20838573-0	2010	cis9, trans11-Conjugated Linoleic Acid Differentiates Mouse 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes into Mature Small Adipocytes through Induction of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	131-179
20730955-1	2010	Quercetin noncompetitively inhibited the peroxidation of linoleic acid catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, Type 1) with an IC(50) value of 4.8 microM (1.45 microg/ml).	Linoleic Acid	57-70	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	92-106
20382866-8	2010	Using promoter-reporter gene (luciferase) constructs transfected into both HEK 293 and McA-RH7777 cells (kidney- and liver-derived cell lines, respectively), we showed the activity of the SCD promoter from 4 different species (mouse, human, pig, and sheep) to be reduced in a dose-dependent manner by addition of unsaturated fatty acids to the media, with linoleic acid being more potent than oleic acid after a 24-h treatment at 60 microM.	Linoleic Acid	356-369	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Rattus norvegicus	188-191
20502469-8	2010	CONCLUSIONS: Serum biomarkers of milk and ruminant meat fat consumption are directly associated and linoleic acid is inversely associated with advanced beta-cell autoimmunity in children with HLA-conferred susceptibility to type I diabetes.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1	Homo sapiens	192-195
20573944-1	2010	Previously, dietary conjugated linoleic acid [(CLA), an equal mixture of cis-9, trans-11 (c9t11) and trans-10, cis-12 (t10c12) CLA isomers], was found to reduce inflammation in the murine collagen antibody-induced arthritis model, but less so in the murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model, an arthritic model dependent upon acquired immunity.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	clasper	Mus musculus	127-130
20352475-8	2010	Free or liposome-reconstituted cyt c was able to form fatty acid-protein complexes (palmitate &lt; linoleate &lt; oleate) only in its reduced form.	Linoleic Acid	99-108	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	31-36
20381479-0	2010	Src may be involved in the anti-cancer effect of conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-3
20636262-7	2010	Recombinant soybean lipoxygenase 2 (specifically oxidizing linoleate into 13-hydroperoxide) lacked any specificity towards 16:3.	Linoleic Acid	59-68	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-2	Glycine max	20-34
20154361-0	2010	Inflammation and insulin resistance induced by trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid depend on intracellular calcium levels in primary cultures of human adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	insulin	Homo sapiens	17-24
20154361-1	2010	We previously demonstrated that trans-10, cis-12 (10,12) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induced inflammation and insulin resistance in primary human adipocytes by activating nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	insulin	Homo sapiens	113-120
20154361-1	2010	We previously demonstrated that trans-10, cis-12 (10,12) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induced inflammation and insulin resistance in primary human adipocytes by activating nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	174-195
20154361-1	2010	We previously demonstrated that trans-10, cis-12 (10,12) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induced inflammation and insulin resistance in primary human adipocytes by activating nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	197-205
20349267-1	2010	Microsomal oleic acid desaturase (FAD2) catalyzes the first committed step of the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids via extra-plastidial desaturation of oleic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	177-190	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 2	Sesamum indicum	34-38
20226839-11	2010	Furthermore, treatment of the fat-2-RNAi worm with PUFA--using the fatty acids from linoleic acid through eicosapentaenoic acid--suppressed nuclear localization of DAF-16.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	Delta(12) fatty acid desaturase fat-2	Caenorhabditis elegans	30-35
20226839-11	2010	Furthermore, treatment of the fat-2-RNAi worm with PUFA--using the fatty acids from linoleic acid through eicosapentaenoic acid--suppressed nuclear localization of DAF-16.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	Fork-head domain-containing protein;Forkhead box protein O	Caenorhabditis elegans	164-170
20154361-1	2010	We previously demonstrated that trans-10, cis-12 (10,12) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induced inflammation and insulin resistance in primary human adipocytes by activating nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	248-251
20579590-4	2010	Although direct proof is lacking, it has been hypothesized that patients with atopic dermatitis have impaired activity of the delta-6 desaturase enzyme, affecting metabolism of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA).	Linoleic Acid	177-190	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	126-144
20573884-4	2010	Compared with wild-type mice, male and female GPR120 knock-out and GPR40 knock-out mice show a diminished preference for linoleic acid and oleic acid, and diminished taste nerve responses to several fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	121-134	free fatty acid receptor 4	Mus musculus	46-52
20573884-4	2010	Compared with wild-type mice, male and female GPR120 knock-out and GPR40 knock-out mice show a diminished preference for linoleic acid and oleic acid, and diminished taste nerve responses to several fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	121-134	free fatty acid receptor 1	Mus musculus	67-72
20353947-1	2010	We showed previously in cultures of primary human adipocytes and preadipocytes that lipopolysaccharide and trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (10,12-CLA) activate the inflammatory signaling that promotes insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	134-147	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	155-158
20353947-1	2010	We showed previously in cultures of primary human adipocytes and preadipocytes that lipopolysaccharide and trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (10,12-CLA) activate the inflammatory signaling that promotes insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	134-147	insulin	Homo sapiens	210-217
20200316-11	2010	Finally, linoleic acid activates NF-kappaB and upregulates NF-kappaB-mediated LPL and MCP-1 expression in cultured VSMC.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	33-42
20200316-11	2010	Finally, linoleic acid activates NF-kappaB and upregulates NF-kappaB-mediated LPL and MCP-1 expression in cultured VSMC.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	59-68
20200316-11	2010	Finally, linoleic acid activates NF-kappaB and upregulates NF-kappaB-mediated LPL and MCP-1 expression in cultured VSMC.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	78-81
20200316-11	2010	Finally, linoleic acid activates NF-kappaB and upregulates NF-kappaB-mediated LPL and MCP-1 expression in cultured VSMC.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	86-91
20382895-5	2010	To address this possibility, we have overexpressed the omega-3 fatty acid desaturases FAD3 and FAD7 that catalyze the conversion of linoleic acid (18:2) to linolenic acid (18:3), the precursor of hexenals and its derived alcohols.	Linoleic Acid	132-145	omega-3 fatty acid desaturase	Solanum lycopersicum	95-99
20494167-6	2010	The increased dietary intake of C18:3 in flaxseed-supplemented cows resulted in increased levels of milk C18:1 trans-11 and increased conjugated linoleic acid C18:2 cis-9,trans-11 by Delta(9)-desaturase activity.	Linoleic Acid	145-158	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	183-202
20345604-8	2010	Detailed analyses of acyl lipid composition indicated that all suppressors alleviated the increase in the level of linoleic acid esterified to phosphatidylcholine (PC-18:2) in LT-treated vte2, and this alleviation significantly correlated with their extent of suppression of photoassimilate export.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	homogentisate phytyltransferase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	187-191
20418562-1	2010	BACKGROUND &amp; OBJECTIVES: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces fat deposition in the body, but the mechanism of action is not clear.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	clasper	Mus musculus	55-58
20156554-0	2010	Modulation of arachidonic and linoleic acid metabolites in myeloperoxidase-deficient mice during acute inflammation.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	59-74
20156554-4	2010	Here, we investigated the role of MPO in modulating biologically active arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) metabolites during acute inflammation.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	34-37
20352619-8	2010	Our studies reveal for the first time that conjugated linoleic acid isoforms are particularly potent CCK secretagogues, which also boost intracellular stores of CCK.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	101-104
20352619-8	2010	Our studies reveal for the first time that conjugated linoleic acid isoforms are particularly potent CCK secretagogues, which also boost intracellular stores of CCK.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	161-164
19945547-0	2010	Proteomic analysis of endogenous conjugated linoleic acid biosynthesis in lactating rats and mouse mammary gland epithelia cells (HC11).	Linoleic Acid	44-57	heterochromatin, Chr 11	Mus musculus	130-134
19932174-0	2010	Activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase-p38 MAP kinase pathway mediates apoptosis induced by conjugated linoleic acid in p53-mutant mouse mammary tumor cells.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	47-50
19932174-0	2010	Activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase-p38 MAP kinase pathway mediates apoptosis induced by conjugated linoleic acid in p53-mutant mouse mammary tumor cells.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	128-131
20166680-6	2010	Incorporation of linoleic acid into phosphatidylcholine-containing model vesicles enabled them to interact with the C1q globular domain and to trigger C1 activation, and cholesterol enhanced both processes by facilitating incorporation of the fatty acid into the vesicles.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	116-119
20022128-5	2010	RESULTS: In linear regression analyses adjusting for lifestyle, abdominal obesity and insulin sensitivity, the dietary biomarker linoleic acid (n-6), but not n-3 FAs, was inversely related to ALT.	Linoleic Acid	129-142	insulin	Homo sapiens	86-93
20424317-0	2010	Heat generates oxidized linoleic acid metabolites that activate TRPV1 and produce pain in rodents.	Linoleic Acid	24-37	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	64-69
20424317-8	2010	Because oxidized linoleic acid metabolites are released during cell injury, these findings suggest a mechanism for integrating the hyperalgesic and proinflammatory roles of TRPV1 and linoleic acid metabolites and may provide the foundation for investigating new classes of analgesic drugs.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	173-178
20424323-5	2010	During epididymal transit, phosphatidylcholine in the membrane of Pla2g3+/+ sperm underwent a dramatic shift in its acyl groups from oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids to docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, whereas this membrane lipid remodeling event was compromised in sperm from Pla2g3-/- mice.	Linoleic Acid	140-148	phospholipase A2, group III	Mus musculus	66-72
20099079-0	2010	Linoleic acid derivative DCP-LA protects neurons from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3/-9 activation.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	103-115
20182891-0	2010	Oleate and linoleate stimulate degradation of beta-casein in prolactin-treated HC11 mouse mammary epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-20	casein beta	Mus musculus	46-57
20182891-0	2010	Oleate and linoleate stimulate degradation of beta-casein in prolactin-treated HC11 mouse mammary epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-20	heterochromatin, Chr 11	Mus musculus	79-83
20055411-1	2010	Conjugated linoleyl beta-sitosterol (CLS) was prepared from beta-sitosterol and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) via lipase-catalyzed synthesis in n-hexane in the presence of molecular sieves.	Linoleic Acid	91-104	lipase, endothelial	Mus musculus	115-121
20171598-10	2010	Furthermore, the expression of TLR-4 was significantly blunted in RAW264.7 cells incubated with MCTs compared with cells incubated with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	31-36
20089779-0	2010	Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates inflammation-induced colorectal cancer in mice through activation of PPARgamma.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	106-115
20417878-0	2010	Conjugated linoleic acid alters caveolae phospholipid fatty acid composition and decreases caveolin-1 expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	91-101
19965780-6	2010	Adenoviral overexpression of PGC-1alpha prevented linoleic acid-induced increases in reactive oxygen species generation and cell apoptosis in human aortic endothelial cells by increasing fatty acid oxidation, decreasing diacylglycerol and ceramide, and increasing ATP/ADP translocase activity.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	29-39
19965780-7	2010	In isolated aorta, PGC-1alpha overexpression prevented linoleic acid-induced decrease in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, and this effect was abolished by adenine nucleotide translocator1 shRNA.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	19-29
19195867-0	2010	Moderate doses of conjugated linoleic acid isomers mix contribute to lowering body fat content maintaining insulin sensitivity and a noninflammatory pattern in adipose tissue in mice.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	insulin	Homo sapiens	107-114
19842026-1	2010	Gamma linolenic acid (GLA) is a member of the n-6 family of polyunsaturated fatty acids and can be synthesized from linoleic acid (LA) by the enzyme delta-6-desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	149-167
20000436-11	2010	Complexes 3-7 were used to study their influence upon the catalytic peroxidation of linoleic acid by the enzyme Lipoxygenase (LOX).	Linoleic Acid	84-97	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	126-129
19800873-1	2010	We previously reported that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a naturally occurring fatty acid, inhibits the growth of ERalpha(+) MCF-7 and ERalpha(-) MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by negative modulation of the ERK/MAPK pathway and apoptosis induction.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	117-145
19679306-9	2010	The predominant fatty acid of the sterol esters was linoleic acid for LCAT and oleic acid for ACAT.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	70-74
19679306-9	2010	The predominant fatty acid of the sterol esters was linoleic acid for LCAT and oleic acid for ACAT.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
20460766-4	2010	), can activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha, delta and gamma in luciferase reporter assays more efficiently than (9Z)-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), and to the same degree as linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	203-216	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	60-64
19540663-0	2010	Conjugated linoleic acid prevents cell growth and cytokine production induced by TPA in human keratinocytes NCTC 2544.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	81-84
20184028-1	2010	6-Pentadecanylsalicylic acid, referred to as anacardic acid (C15:0), was found to inhibit the linoleic acid peroxidation competitively catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, Type 1) with an IC50 of 14.3 microM (4.88 microg/mL).	Linoleic Acid	94-107	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	156-170
20533246-0	2010	Conjugated linoleic acid causes a marked increase in liver alpha-tocopherol and liver alpha-tocopherol transfer protein in C57BL/6 J mice.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	tocopherol (alpha) transfer protein	Mus musculus	86-119
19846417-0	2009	A conjugated linoleic acid-enriched beef diet attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in mice in part through PPARgamma-mediated suppression of toll-like receptor 4.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	121-130
20616616-0	2010	Dietary linoleic acid and glucose enhances azoxymethane-induced colon cancer and metastases via the expression of high-mobility group box 1.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-139
19968882-8	2009	RESULTS: Analysis by multivariate statistics demonstrated that PPARdelta activation profoundly affected glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, the TCA cycle and linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid essential fatty acid pathways.	Linoleic Acid	151-164	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	63-72
19755671-6	2009	On the contrary, unsaturated FFAs appeared to effectively antagonize palmitate-induced COX-2 expression with markedly different potencies (linoleate &gt; oleate &gt; palmitoleate), being highly associated with the suppressive profile of each unsaturated FFA toward palmitate-evoked intracellular signals, including p38, JNK, ERK1/2 MAPKs, and PKCtheta, as well as IkappaB degradation.	Linoleic Acid	139-148	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	87-92
19755671-6	2009	On the contrary, unsaturated FFAs appeared to effectively antagonize palmitate-induced COX-2 expression with markedly different potencies (linoleate &gt; oleate &gt; palmitoleate), being highly associated with the suppressive profile of each unsaturated FFA toward palmitate-evoked intracellular signals, including p38, JNK, ERK1/2 MAPKs, and PKCtheta, as well as IkappaB degradation.	Linoleic Acid	139-148	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	315-318
19755671-6	2009	On the contrary, unsaturated FFAs appeared to effectively antagonize palmitate-induced COX-2 expression with markedly different potencies (linoleate &gt; oleate &gt; palmitoleate), being highly associated with the suppressive profile of each unsaturated FFA toward palmitate-evoked intracellular signals, including p38, JNK, ERK1/2 MAPKs, and PKCtheta, as well as IkappaB degradation.	Linoleic Acid	139-148	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	320-323
19755671-6	2009	On the contrary, unsaturated FFAs appeared to effectively antagonize palmitate-induced COX-2 expression with markedly different potencies (linoleate &gt; oleate &gt; palmitoleate), being highly associated with the suppressive profile of each unsaturated FFA toward palmitate-evoked intracellular signals, including p38, JNK, ERK1/2 MAPKs, and PKCtheta, as well as IkappaB degradation.	Linoleic Acid	139-148	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	325-331
19860831-6	2009	In addition, FALDH is efficiently induced by linoleic acid in rat hepatoma Fao cells through transcriptional activation by peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor alpha.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member A2	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
19860831-7	2009	Furthermore, ectopic expression of endoplasmic reticulum-localizing FALDH-N, but not peroxisome-localizing FALDH-V, suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by linoleic acid in HEK293 cells.	Linoleic Acid	166-179	aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family member A2	Homo sapiens	68-73
20043266-0	2010	The 10t,12c isomer of conjugated linoleic acid inhibits fatty acid synthase expression and enzyme activity in human breast, colon, and prostate cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	fatty acid synthase	Homo sapiens	56-75
19846417-0	2009	A conjugated linoleic acid-enriched beef diet attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in mice in part through PPARgamma-mediated suppression of toll-like receptor 4.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	155-175
19843694-5	2009	Subsequent calcium imaging and electrophysiology studies demonstrated that synthetic oxidized linoleic acid metabolites, including 9-HODE, 13-HODE, and 9 and 13-oxoODE, comprise a family of endogenous TRPV1 agonists.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	201-206
19455584-2	2009	The lipid messenger was released upon ONOO(-)-dependent activation of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) and its pharmacological inhibition, or knock-down, was invariably associated with a prompt apoptotic response sensitive to exogenous ARA, but insensitive to other polyunsaturated fatty acids, as eicosapentaenoic or linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	314-327	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Rattus norvegicus	70-97
19679157-9	2009	Secondly, we found that linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids added to HG/FF reduced the specific activity of D6D.	Linoleic Acid	24-32	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	107-110
19843694-0	2009	Activation of TRPV1 in the spinal cord by oxidized linoleic acid metabolites contributes to inflammatory hyperalgesia.	Linoleic Acid	51-64	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
19843694-4	2009	Using in vitro superfusion, the depolarization of spinal cord triggered the release of oxidized linoleic acid metabolites, such as 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE) that potently activated spinal TRPV1, leading to the development of mechanical allodynia.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	201-206
19841215-10	2009	Feeding DDGS and CO increased the concentration of vaccenic and conjugated linoleic acid in milk fat.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	92-96
19916943-1	2009	To improve its stability and lipophilicity, Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) was chemically modified with linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids using two different methods.	Linoleic Acid	106-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-70
19916943-1	2009	To improve its stability and lipophilicity, Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) was chemically modified with linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids using two different methods.	Linoleic Acid	106-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
19607809-1	2009	Nitration products (nitroalkenes) of linoleic acid (LNO(2)) and oleic acid (OA-NO(2)) can act as endogenous PPARgamma ligands with electrophilic properties to exert anti-inflammatory effects on atherosclerotic plaques in the vasculature.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	108-117
19937203-1	2009	Fatty acid desaturase-2 (FAD2) introduces a double bond in position Delta12 in oleic acid (18:1) to form linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) in higher plants and microbes.	Linoleic Acid	105-118	delta(12)-fatty-acid desaturase FAD2	Gossypium hirsutum	25-29
19937203-5	2009	One fad2 transgenic line showed substantial differences in the fatty acid profiles and the level of linoleic acid was increased 19% (P&lt;0.05) in transgenic muscles compared to their nontransgenic littermates.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	delta(12)-fatty-acid desaturase FAD2	Gossypium hirsutum	4-8
19937203-7	2009	The results indicate that the plant fad2 gene can be functionally expressed in transgenic mice and may playan active role in conversion of oleic acid into linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	delta(12)-fatty-acid desaturase FAD2	Gossypium hirsutum	36-40
19785421-1	2009	In this study the 4-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline (RNO) bleaching associated with linoleic acid hydroperoxidation catalyzed by the soybean lipoxygenase (LOX)-1 isoenzyme (LOX/RNO reaction) was used to determine the antioxidant activity (AA) of hydrophilic and lipophilic pure antioxidant compounds and of mixtures of antioxidants extracted from durum wheat whole flour (DWWF).	Linoleic Acid	80-93	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	137-157
19785421-1	2009	In this study the 4-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline (RNO) bleaching associated with linoleic acid hydroperoxidation catalyzed by the soybean lipoxygenase (LOX)-1 isoenzyme (LOX/RNO reaction) was used to determine the antioxidant activity (AA) of hydrophilic and lipophilic pure antioxidant compounds and of mixtures of antioxidants extracted from durum wheat whole flour (DWWF).	Linoleic Acid	80-93	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	151-154
19752858-6	2009	Utilizing FFAs with different saturation and chain lengths, we demonstrated that linoleic acid induced expression of PAI-1 in MDA-MB-231 cells.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
19752858-9	2009	Linoleic acid-induced breast cancer cell migration was completely inhibited by virally expressed antisense PAI-1 RNA.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	107-112
19752858-11	2009	Electrophoretic mobility-shift assay confirmed that linoleic acid-induced expression of PAI-1 was mediated, at least in part, by SMAD4 in MDA-MB-231 cells.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
19752858-11	2009	Electrophoretic mobility-shift assay confirmed that linoleic acid-induced expression of PAI-1 was mediated, at least in part, by SMAD4 in MDA-MB-231 cells.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	SMAD family member 4	Homo sapiens	129-134
19752858-12	2009	That linoleic acid induces PAI-1 expression in breast cancer cells through SMAD4 provides a novel insight into understanding the relationships between two migration-associated molecules, FFAs, and PAI-1.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
19752858-12	2009	That linoleic acid induces PAI-1 expression in breast cancer cells through SMAD4 provides a novel insight into understanding the relationships between two migration-associated molecules, FFAs, and PAI-1.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	SMAD family member 4	Homo sapiens	75-80
19752858-12	2009	That linoleic acid induces PAI-1 expression in breast cancer cells through SMAD4 provides a novel insight into understanding the relationships between two migration-associated molecules, FFAs, and PAI-1.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	197-202
19729315-3	2009	HNF4alpha (NR2A1) is a recently "deorphanized" nuclear receptor which is bound in vivo by linoleic acid, although this natural ligand does not seem to promote transcriptional activation.	Linoleic Acid	90-103	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	0-9
19717637-1	2009	Linoleic acid-phospholipids stimulate high-density lipoprotein (HDL) net secretion from liver cells by blocking the endocytic recycling of apoA-I.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	139-145
19729315-3	2009	HNF4alpha (NR2A1) is a recently "deorphanized" nuclear receptor which is bound in vivo by linoleic acid, although this natural ligand does not seem to promote transcriptional activation.	Linoleic Acid	90-103	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	11-16
19765166-1	2009	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) catalyses the synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the mammary gland of ruminant animals.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	0-25
19765166-1	2009	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) catalyses the synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the mammary gland of ruminant animals.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	27-31
19656856-0	2009	9E,11E-conjugated linoleic acid increases expression of the endogenous antiinflammatory factor, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, in RAW 264.7 cells.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	interleukin 1 receptor antagonist	Mus musculus	96-129
19298684-0	2009	Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid reduces the hepatic triacylglycerol content and the leptin mRNA level in adipose tissue in obese Zucker fa/fa rats.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	94-100
19725980-5	2009	METHODS: This study examined effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid(c9, t11-CLA), alpha linolenic acid (LA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on the PPARalpha and ACAT1 genes expression by using Real time PCR and cholesterol homeostasis in THP-1 macrophages derived foam cells.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	149-158
19727485-1	2009	Heterogeneous reactions between NO3 and N2O5 and diethyl sebacate (DES), glycerol, oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) were studied to understand better nighttime aerosol chemistry.	Linoleic Acid	135-148	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	32-35
19705847-10	2009	This is in contrast to the results of solution oxidations of linoleate in which the C-9 and C-13 peroxyl radicals have similar reactivities.	Linoleic Acid	61-70	complement C9	Homo sapiens	84-87
19747104-2	2009	Two fatty acids, linoleic acid and nervonic acid, were used as potent pol beta inhibitors.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	70-78
19063986-2	2009	We recently reported that G2A functions as a receptor for oxidized free fatty acids derived from linoleic and arachidonic acids.	Linoleic Acid	97-105	G protein-coupled receptor 132	Homo sapiens	26-29
19458064-7	2009	Lack of sEH enzyme is characterized by elevation of EET to DHET ratios in both the linoleate and arachidonate series in plasma and tissues of both female and male mice.	Linoleic Acid	83-92	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	8-11
19602293-6	2009	Three mutations in independent lines were identified in the omega-6 fatty acid desaturase gene FAD2-1A; all three mutations resulted in missense amino acid mutations and one resulted in an altered seed fatty acid profile that led to an increase in oleic acid and a decrease in linoleic acid in the seed oil.	Linoleic Acid	277-290	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	95-99
19465496-7	2009	In contrast, anterior pituitary glands from linoleate cows contained more FSH (P = 0.02) than control cows and linoleate cows had less IGF-I in the medial basal hypothalamus (P = 0.05), preoptic area (P = 0.06), and in follicular fluid (P &lt;or= 0.03) from follicles less than 15 mm in diameter.	Linoleic Acid	111-120	IGFI	Bos taurus	135-140
19660150-2	2009	The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA (EPA, DHA) and n-6 PUFA (linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA)) relative to SFA (myristic acid (MA), palmitic acid (PA)) alter markers of inflammation and cholesterol accumulation in macrophages (MPhi).	Linoleic Acid	104-117	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	74-78
19660150-2	2009	The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA (EPA, DHA) and n-6 PUFA (linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA)) relative to SFA (myristic acid (MA), palmitic acid (PA)) alter markers of inflammation and cholesterol accumulation in macrophages (MPhi).	Linoleic Acid	104-117	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	98-102
21291825-5	2009	Effects of linoleic acid (LA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on mRNA levels of SCD, fatty acid elongases 5 and 6 (Elovl5 and Elovl6), fatty acid synthase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, and sterol response element binding protein-1c were investigated in Hep G2 cells after 24-hour incubations.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	109-112
21291825-5	2009	Effects of linoleic acid (LA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on mRNA levels of SCD, fatty acid elongases 5 and 6 (Elovl5 and Elovl6), fatty acid synthase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, and sterol response element binding protein-1c were investigated in Hep G2 cells after 24-hour incubations.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	ELOVL fatty acid elongase 5	Homo sapiens	144-150
19747104-5	2009	The affinities of pol beta to the template-primer duplex region in the presence of nervonic acid or linoleic acid were decreased by 20 and 5 times, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	18-26
19747104-7	2009	In the presence of linoleic acid, no significant change of association rate was observed, and the decrease in binding affinity of pol beta to DNA was mainly due to 7-fold increase in the dissociation rate.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	130-138
19414503-0	2009	Linoleic acid metabolite suppresses skin inflammation and tumor promotion in mice: possible roles of programmed cell death 4 induction.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	programmed cell death 4	Mus musculus	101-124
19401423-6	2009	RESULTS: Oleate and linoleate increased FGF-21 expression and secretion in a PPARalpha-dependent fashion, as demonstrated by small-interfering RNA-induced PPARalpha knockdown, while palmitate had no effect.	Linoleic Acid	20-29	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	155-164
19578400-5	2009	In line with this expectation, fasted Decr(-/-) mice displayed increased serum acylcarnitines, especially decadienoylcarnitine, a product of the incomplete oxidation of linoleic acid (C(18:2)), urinary excretion of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, and hepatic steatosis, wherein unsaturated fatty acids accumulate in liver triacylglycerols.	Linoleic Acid	169-182	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	38-42
19401423-6	2009	RESULTS: Oleate and linoleate increased FGF-21 expression and secretion in a PPARalpha-dependent fashion, as demonstrated by small-interfering RNA-induced PPARalpha knockdown, while palmitate had no effect.	Linoleic Acid	20-29	fibroblast growth factor 21	Homo sapiens	40-46
19401423-6	2009	RESULTS: Oleate and linoleate increased FGF-21 expression and secretion in a PPARalpha-dependent fashion, as demonstrated by small-interfering RNA-induced PPARalpha knockdown, while palmitate had no effect.	Linoleic Acid	20-29	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	77-86
19299109-0	2009	Conjugated linoleic acid isomers" roles in the regulation of PPAR-gamma and NF-kappaB DNA binding and subsequent expression of antioxidant enzymes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	61-71
19299109-0	2009	Conjugated linoleic acid isomers" roles in the regulation of PPAR-gamma and NF-kappaB DNA binding and subsequent expression of antioxidant enzymes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	76-85
19528615-10	2009	The cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid content was greater in milk from cows fed WCS, TAL, and FFCG than from cows fed the control, and it was greater in milk from cows fed FFCG than in milk from cows fed WCS or TAL.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	68-72
18772894-0	2009	Effects of conjugated linoleic acid plus n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on insulin secretion and estimated insulin sensitivity in men.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	insulin	Homo sapiens	76-83
19558659-1	2009	BACKGROUND: Linoleic 18:2 (n-6) and alpha-linolenic 18:3 (n-3) essential fatty acids and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are essential nutrients for growth and neonatal development.	Linoleic Acid	12-20	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	132-136
19636954-0	2009	Backbone and sidechain 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments of the human brain-type fatty acid binding protein (FABP7) in its apo form and the holo forms binding to DHA, oleic acid, linoleic acid and elaidic acid.	Linoleic Acid	183-196	fatty acid binding protein 7	Homo sapiens	74-111
19636954-0	2009	Backbone and sidechain 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments of the human brain-type fatty acid binding protein (FABP7) in its apo form and the holo forms binding to DHA, oleic acid, linoleic acid and elaidic acid.	Linoleic Acid	183-196	fatty acid binding protein 7	Homo sapiens	113-118
19636954-1	2009	In this manuscript, we present the backbone and side chain assignments of human brain-type fatty acid binding protein, also known as FABP7, in its apo form and in four different holo forms, bound to DHA, oleic acid, linoleic acid and elaidic acid.	Linoleic Acid	216-229	fatty acid binding protein 7	Homo sapiens	80-117
19636954-1	2009	In this manuscript, we present the backbone and side chain assignments of human brain-type fatty acid binding protein, also known as FABP7, in its apo form and in four different holo forms, bound to DHA, oleic acid, linoleic acid and elaidic acid.	Linoleic Acid	216-229	fatty acid binding protein 7	Homo sapiens	133-138
19339706-0	2009	Dietary beta-tocopherol and linoleic acid, serum insulin, and waist circumference predict circulating sex hormone-binding globulin in premenopausal women.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	sex hormone binding globulin	Homo sapiens	102-130
19339706-6	2009	Multivariate regression analyses showed that the PCA-extracted nutrient factor most heavily loaded with beta-tocopherol and linoleic acid (P = 0.03) was an independent positive predictor of serum SHBG.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	sex hormone binding globulin	Homo sapiens	196-200
19339706-9	2009	Additional studies are needed in women of other age groups and men to determine whether consumption of foods rich in beta-tocopherol and/or linoleic acid may increase serum SHBG concentrations and may thereby decrease the risk for metabolic syndrome and reproductive organ cancer.	Linoleic Acid	140-153	sex hormone binding globulin	Homo sapiens	173-177
19217793-7	2009	The FAD2-4 coding region was expressed in yeast and shown to encode a functional delta-12 desaturase, converting oleic acid (C18:1) to linoleic acid (C18:2) in recombinant yeast cells.	Linoleic Acid	135-148	delta(12)-fatty-acid desaturase FAD2-like	Gossypium hirsutum	4-10
19437483-5	2009	Treatment with oleic acid, linoleic acid (LA), or linolenic acid increased the expression of iNOS and COX-2 genes and the production of prostaglandin E(2 )and nitric oxide (NO) in RPE, whereas the saturated fatty acid stearic acid had little effect on these genes.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	93-97
19437483-5	2009	Treatment with oleic acid, linoleic acid (LA), or linolenic acid increased the expression of iNOS and COX-2 genes and the production of prostaglandin E(2 )and nitric oxide (NO) in RPE, whereas the saturated fatty acid stearic acid had little effect on these genes.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	102-107
19364109-0	2009	cis-9,trans-11-Conjugated linoleic acid activates AMP-activated protein kinase in attenuation of insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	insulin	Homo sapiens	97-104
19364109-2	2009	This study is to investigate the IR attenuating effect and the molecular mechanism of cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA).	Linoleic Acid	112-125	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	134-137
19266226-0	2009	Conjugated linoleic acid decreases mcf-7 human breast cancer cell growth and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor levels.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	insulin like growth factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	77-114
19389963-15	2009	Concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid were also increased (0.44 vs. 0.52 wt%; SEM = 0.02) when cows consumed CS+PUFA, indicating that some biohydrogenation did occur.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	PUFA	Bos taurus	114-121
19389963-17	2009	The CS+PUFA supplement supplied more linoleic acid to the small intestine for milk fat synthesis.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	PUFA	Bos taurus	4-11
19403295-0	2009	Impairment of 8-iso-PGF(2ALPHA) isoprostane metabolism by dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	77-90	placental growth factor	Homo sapiens	20-23
19457650-3	2009	The guava leaf extract inhibited the cyclooxygenase reaction of recombinant human PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 as assessed by conversion of linoleic acid to 9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs).	Linoleic Acid	129-142	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	82-88
19457650-3	2009	The guava leaf extract inhibited the cyclooxygenase reaction of recombinant human PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 as assessed by conversion of linoleic acid to 9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs).	Linoleic Acid	129-142	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	93-99
18503724-6	2009	Calculated from the relative percentages of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and linolenic acid (18:3n-3), the ratio of 18:2n-6 to 18:3n-3 PUFA was 1.0:3.4 to 1.0:8.9.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	130-134
19358934-8	2009	Conjugated linoleic acid ingestion reduced COX-2 expression to 65% of that in rats consuming control and EPA diets; however, without affecting ovulation or PGs.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	43-48
19302823-6	2009	In addition, the treatment of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11 CLA) showed an increased cell proliferation.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	complement C9	Homo sapiens	72-82
19302823-7	2009	However, trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12 CLA) significantly inhibited cell proliferation.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	60-63
19233796-10	2009	Milk fat concentration and yield of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid were increased with increased dietary concentrations of corn germ.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
18656337-0	2009	Role of caveolin-1 in EGCG-mediated protection against linoleic-acid-induced endothelial cell activation.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	8-18
18656337-5	2009	We focused on the role of caveolae and its major protein, caveolin-1, in mechanisms of linoleic-acid-induced endothelial cell activation and protection by the catechin epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG).	Linoleic Acid	87-100	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	58-68
18656337-6	2009	Exposure to linoleic acid for 6 h induced expression of both caveolin-1 and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	61-71
18656337-9	2009	Exposure to linoleic acid rapidly increased phosphorylation of several kinases, including p38 MAPK, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and amino kinase terminal (Akt), with maximal induction at about 10 min.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	90-93
18656337-9	2009	Exposure to linoleic acid rapidly increased phosphorylation of several kinases, including p38 MAPK, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and amino kinase terminal (Akt), with maximal induction at about 10 min.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	94-98
18656337-9	2009	Exposure to linoleic acid rapidly increased phosphorylation of several kinases, including p38 MAPK, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and amino kinase terminal (Akt), with maximal induction at about 10 min.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	100-141
19439810-13	2009	COX-1 inhibition was resulting from competition of CLA and linoleic acid with arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	0-5
18656337-9	2009	Exposure to linoleic acid rapidly increased phosphorylation of several kinases, including p38 MAPK, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and amino kinase terminal (Akt), with maximal induction at about 10 min.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	143-149
18656337-9	2009	Exposure to linoleic acid rapidly increased phosphorylation of several kinases, including p38 MAPK, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and amino kinase terminal (Akt), with maximal induction at about 10 min.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	155-176
18656337-9	2009	Exposure to linoleic acid rapidly increased phosphorylation of several kinases, including p38 MAPK, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and amino kinase terminal (Akt), with maximal induction at about 10 min.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	178-181
18656337-10	2009	Inhibitors of ERK1/2 and Akt down-regulated the linoleic-acid-induced increase in COX-2 protein, which also occurred after pretreatment with EGCG.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	14-20
18656337-10	2009	Inhibitors of ERK1/2 and Akt down-regulated the linoleic-acid-induced increase in COX-2 protein, which also occurred after pretreatment with EGCG.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
18656337-10	2009	Inhibitors of ERK1/2 and Akt down-regulated the linoleic-acid-induced increase in COX-2 protein, which also occurred after pretreatment with EGCG.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	82-87
18656337-11	2009	Caveolin-1 silencing blocked linoleic-acid-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and protein expression of COX-2, suggesting that specific MAPK signaling is caveolae dependent.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
18656337-11	2009	Caveolin-1 silencing blocked linoleic-acid-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and protein expression of COX-2, suggesting that specific MAPK signaling is caveolae dependent.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	70-76
18656337-11	2009	Caveolin-1 silencing blocked linoleic-acid-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and protein expression of COX-2, suggesting that specific MAPK signaling is caveolae dependent.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	103-108
18656337-11	2009	Caveolin-1 silencing blocked linoleic-acid-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and protein expression of COX-2, suggesting that specific MAPK signaling is caveolae dependent.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	135-139
19191559-10	2009	Milk fat from DOHM contained a greater concentration of cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, 16.4 vs 11.6 mg/100 mL of milk, DOHM vs HM, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	82-95	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
19287193-3	2009	Using in vitro M-CSF predifferentiated macrophages and TaqMan low density arrays we could show that linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and high glucose levels have a major impact on ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression but do not strongly affect most other human ABC transporters.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	15-20
19287193-3	2009	Using in vitro M-CSF predifferentiated macrophages and TaqMan low density arrays we could show that linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and high glucose levels have a major impact on ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression but do not strongly affect most other human ABC transporters.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	177-182
19287193-3	2009	Using in vitro M-CSF predifferentiated macrophages and TaqMan low density arrays we could show that linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and high glucose levels have a major impact on ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression but do not strongly affect most other human ABC transporters.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1	Homo sapiens	187-192
19287193-4	2009	In Western blot experiments we demonstrate that ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein levels are synchronously suppressed by high glucose levels and the w6-unsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	165-178	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	48-53
19287193-4	2009	In Western blot experiments we demonstrate that ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein levels are synchronously suppressed by high glucose levels and the w6-unsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	165-178	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
18812596-4	2009	Furthermore, concentrations of the hydroxylated linoleates 9-hydroxy ocatadecadienoic acid (9-HODE) and 13-HODE were elevated by LpL lipolysis, more than other measured oxylipids.	Linoleic Acid	48-58	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	129-132
19082577-8	2009	In primary cultures, GIP release was stimulated by glucose, glutamine and linoleic acid, and potentiated by forskolin plus 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), but was unaffected by the artificial sweetener sucralose.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	gastric inhibitory polypeptide	Mus musculus	21-24
19106330-0	2009	Dietary trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid reduces early glomerular enlargement and elevated renal cyclooxygenase-2 levels in young obese fa/fa zucker rats.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	106-122
19255500-0	2009	Linoleic acid induces mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation via Ca2+/PKC, PI3K/Akt, and MAPKs.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	81-84
18949503-3	2009	Recombinant expressed AtLOX-1 and AtLOX-5 had comparable oxygenase activity with either linoleic acid or linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	lipoxygenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	22-41
19339774-0	2009	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid induces tissue-specific lipoprotein lipase mRNA modulation in high-sucrose-fed mice.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	lipoprotein lipase	Mus musculus	57-75
19390627-4	2009	Finally, the influence of these complexes 1-6 upon the catalytic peroxidation of linoleic acid to hydroperoxylinoleic acid by the enzyme lipoxygenase (LOX) was kinetically studied and the results showed that triorganotin(IV) complex 6 has the lowest IC(50) value.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	151-154
19056663-1	2009	This study tested the hypothesis that the effect of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10, c12 CLA) on energy intake (EI) and body weight (BW)/composition is confounded by dietary fat concentration and involves hypothalamic appetite-controlling mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	clasper	Mus musculus	104-107
19118026-2	2009	PPARgamma activators are a diverse group of agents that range from endogenous fatty acids or derivatives (linolenic, linoleic, and 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2)) to Food and Drug Administration-approved thiazolidinedione drugs [pioglitazone (Actos) and rosiglitazone (Avandia)] for the treatment of diabetes.	Linoleic Acid	117-125	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
19263263-8	2009	Wy14,643 and linoleic acid, the well-known PPARalpha ligands, increased the binding between PPARalpha and co-activators in a ligand dose-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	43-52
19263263-8	2009	Wy14,643 and linoleic acid, the well-known PPARalpha ligands, increased the binding between PPARalpha and co-activators in a ligand dose-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	92-101
19077218-6	2008	The genotypes of FABP4 I74V and LXRalpha V133I were significantly associated with palmitoleic acids (C16:1, P = 0.0086) and linoleic acid (C18:2, P = 0.0121) content in intramuscular fat, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte	Bos taurus	17-22
19202310-5	2009	Fatty acid substrates of transacylation were 8 saturated fatty acids with 6 to 18 carbon numbers, and C18 unsaturated fatty acids with different double bonds such as oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids.	Linoleic Acid	173-181	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	102-105
19116881-0	2009	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits expression of the Spot 14 (THRSP) and fatty acid synthase genes and impairs the growth of human breast cancer and liposarcoma cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	thyroid hormone responsive	Homo sapiens	58-65
19116881-0	2009	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits expression of the Spot 14 (THRSP) and fatty acid synthase genes and impairs the growth of human breast cancer and liposarcoma cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	thyroid hormone responsive	Homo sapiens	67-72
19116881-0	2009	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits expression of the Spot 14 (THRSP) and fatty acid synthase genes and impairs the growth of human breast cancer and liposarcoma cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	fatty acid synthase	Homo sapiens	78-97
19116881-2	2009	Harvatine and Bauman (1) reported that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits S14 gene expression in bovine mammary and mouse adipose tissues and reduces milk fat production in cows.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	thyroid hormone responsive	Homo sapiens	79-82
19399184-0	2009	t10c12 conjugated linoleic acid suppresses HER2 protein and enhances apoptosis in SKBr3 breast cancer cells: possible role of COX2.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	43-47
19399184-3	2009	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to have anti-tumor properties and to inhibit NF-kappaB activity and COX2.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	114-118
19032965-6	2009	Among polyunsaturated fats, linoleic acid from the n-6 series improves insulin sensitivity.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	insulin	Homo sapiens	71-78
20395685-1	2009	AIMS: The FADS1/FADS2 gene cluster encodes Delta-5 and Delta-6 desaturase, rate-limiting enzymes in metabolism of linoleic (LA) to arachidonic (ARA) and alpha-linolenic to eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).	Linoleic Acid	114-122	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
20395685-1	2009	AIMS: The FADS1/FADS2 gene cluster encodes Delta-5 and Delta-6 desaturase, rate-limiting enzymes in metabolism of linoleic (LA) to arachidonic (ARA) and alpha-linolenic to eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).	Linoleic Acid	114-122	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	16-21
20395685-1	2009	AIMS: The FADS1/FADS2 gene cluster encodes Delta-5 and Delta-6 desaturase, rate-limiting enzymes in metabolism of linoleic (LA) to arachidonic (ARA) and alpha-linolenic to eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).	Linoleic Acid	114-122	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	43-73
19440305-6	2009	Here we utilize an affinity isolation/mass-spectrometry (AIMS) approach to demonstrate that HNF4alpha is selectively occupied by linoleic acid (LA, C18:2omega6) in mammalian cells and in the liver of fed mice.	Linoleic Acid	129-142	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	92-101
19077218-6	2008	The genotypes of FABP4 I74V and LXRalpha V133I were significantly associated with palmitoleic acids (C16:1, P = 0.0086) and linoleic acid (C18:2, P = 0.0121) content in intramuscular fat, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3	Bos taurus	32-40
19077218-7	2008	CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the two polymorphisms of FABP4 I74V and LXRalpha V133I might be genetic factors in part associated with palmitoleic acid (FABP4 I74V) and linoleic acid (LXRalpha V133I) composition in intramuscular fat of Japanese Black cattle, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte	Bos taurus	63-68
18804128-2	2008	Recently, it was reported that the unsaturated fatty acid alpha-linoleic acid promotes the secretion of GLP-1 via a G protein-coupled receptor, GPR120.	Linoleic Acid	58-77	glucagon	Mus musculus	104-109
19077218-7	2008	CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the two polymorphisms of FABP4 I74V and LXRalpha V133I might be genetic factors in part associated with palmitoleic acid (FABP4 I74V) and linoleic acid (LXRalpha V133I) composition in intramuscular fat of Japanese Black cattle, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3	Bos taurus	78-86
18804128-2	2008	Recently, it was reported that the unsaturated fatty acid alpha-linoleic acid promotes the secretion of GLP-1 via a G protein-coupled receptor, GPR120.	Linoleic Acid	58-77	free fatty acid receptor 4	Mus musculus	144-150
19077218-7	2008	CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the two polymorphisms of FABP4 I74V and LXRalpha V133I might be genetic factors in part associated with palmitoleic acid (FABP4 I74V) and linoleic acid (LXRalpha V133I) composition in intramuscular fat of Japanese Black cattle, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte	Bos taurus	160-165
19077218-7	2008	CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the two polymorphisms of FABP4 I74V and LXRalpha V133I might be genetic factors in part associated with palmitoleic acid (FABP4 I74V) and linoleic acid (LXRalpha V133I) composition in intramuscular fat of Japanese Black cattle, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3	Bos taurus	191-199
19143230-5	2008	Milk fat proportions of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), C18:3 c9,c12,c15, total n-3 and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) were highest (p &lt; 0.05) with diet OC and higher in the lowlands than in the highlands.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
18842827-7	2008	Linoleic acid increased cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) phosphorylation and the release of [(3)H]-labeled arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Gallus gallus	24-61
18842827-8	2008	Moreover, linoleic acid increased the level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression, which stimulated the synthesis of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)).	Linoleic Acid	10-23	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Gallus gallus	47-63
18842827-8	2008	Moreover, linoleic acid increased the level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression, which stimulated the synthesis of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)).	Linoleic Acid	10-23	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Gallus gallus	65-70
18842827-10	2008	In addition, linoleic acid-induced glucose production was blocked by inhibition of extracellular and intracellular calcium, cPLA(2), COX-2, or PPAR pathways.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Gallus gallus	124-131
18842827-10	2008	In addition, linoleic acid-induced glucose production was blocked by inhibition of extracellular and intracellular calcium, cPLA(2), COX-2, or PPAR pathways.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Gallus gallus	133-138
18842827-10	2008	In addition, linoleic acid-induced glucose production was blocked by inhibition of extracellular and intracellular calcium, cPLA(2), COX-2, or PPAR pathways.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Gallus gallus	143-147
18842827-11	2008	In conclusion, linoleic acid promoted glucose production via Ca(2+)/PLC, cPLA(2)/COX-2, and PPAR pathways through GPR40 in primary cultured chicken hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Gallus gallus	73-80
18842827-11	2008	In conclusion, linoleic acid promoted glucose production via Ca(2+)/PLC, cPLA(2)/COX-2, and PPAR pathways through GPR40 in primary cultured chicken hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Gallus gallus	81-86
18842827-11	2008	In conclusion, linoleic acid promoted glucose production via Ca(2+)/PLC, cPLA(2)/COX-2, and PPAR pathways through GPR40 in primary cultured chicken hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Gallus gallus	92-96
18842827-0	2008	Linoleic acid stimulates gluconeogenesis via Ca2+/PLC, cPLA2, and PPAR pathways through GPR40 in primary cultured chicken hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Gallus gallus	55-60
18842827-0	2008	Linoleic acid stimulates gluconeogenesis via Ca2+/PLC, cPLA2, and PPAR pathways through GPR40 in primary cultured chicken hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Gallus gallus	66-70
19133076-1	2008	We report the first isolation and characterization of insect fatty acid Delta12-desaturase genes, AdD12Des from house cricket (Acheta domesticus) and TcD12Des from the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum), responsible for the production of linoleic acid from oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	242-255	acyl-CoA Delta-12 desaturase	Tribolium castaneum	79-90
18952136-2	2008	The gm-fad2-1 gene fragment cosuppresses expression of the endogenous FAD2-1 gene encoding the seed-specific omega-6 fatty acid desaturase resulting in higher concentrations of oleic acid (18:1) relative to linoleic acid (18:2).	Linoleic Acid	207-220	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 1	Glycine max	7-13
18952136-2	2008	The gm-fad2-1 gene fragment cosuppresses expression of the endogenous FAD2-1 gene encoding the seed-specific omega-6 fatty acid desaturase resulting in higher concentrations of oleic acid (18:1) relative to linoleic acid (18:2).	Linoleic Acid	207-220	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 1	Glycine max	70-76
19042114-7	2008	LpL-mediated VLDL lipolysis of PUFA alcohols, diols and ketones was detected and the relative abundance of oxygenated linoleates was enhanced in the lipolysates, relative to their corresponding VLDL.	Linoleic Acid	118-128	lipoprotein lipase	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
18571767-6	2008	However, experiments in vitro and in planta with exogenous linoleic acid (LA) as a substrate for LOX revealed high constitutive activity of 9-LOX in all genotypes, which increased in response to CF treatment.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase 2-1, chloroplastic	Solanum tuberosum	97-100
18571767-6	2008	However, experiments in vitro and in planta with exogenous linoleic acid (LA) as a substrate for LOX revealed high constitutive activity of 9-LOX in all genotypes, which increased in response to CF treatment.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase 2-1, chloroplastic	Solanum tuberosum	142-145
18762175-4	2008	Although the mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids oleate and linoleate also stimulated uPAR expression, oleate had a significantly lower effect than palmitate.	Linoleic Acid	62-71	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	88-92
18972057-6	2008	Kinetic assays performed with soybean lipoxygenase-1 showed that both 11-thialinoleic acid and 14-thialinoleic acid were competitive inhibitors with respect to linoleic acid with K(i) values of 22 and 35 microM, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	38-52
18972057-8	2008	11-Thialinoleic acid was also a noncompetitive inhibitor of human 15-lipoxygenase-1 with arachidonic acid (K(is) = 11.4 microM, K(ii) = 18.1 microM) or linoleic acid as substrate (K(is) = 20.1 microM, K(ii) = 20.0 microM), and a competitive inhibitor of human 12-lipoxygenase with arachidonic acid as substrate (K(i) = 2.5 microM).	Linoleic Acid	7-20	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	69-83
19038811-2	2008	Expression of gm-fad2-1 results in greater concentrations of oleic acid (18:1) by suppressing expression of the endogenous FAD2-1 gene, which encodes an n-6 fatty acid desaturase enzyme that catalyzes desaturation of 18:1 to linoleic acid (18:2).	Linoleic Acid	225-238	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 1	Glycine max	17-23
19038811-2	2008	Expression of gm-fad2-1 results in greater concentrations of oleic acid (18:1) by suppressing expression of the endogenous FAD2-1 gene, which encodes an n-6 fatty acid desaturase enzyme that catalyzes desaturation of 18:1 to linoleic acid (18:2).	Linoleic Acid	225-238	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 1	Glycine max	123-129
18793849-1	2008	The reaction of soybean lipoxygenase-1 with linoleic acid has been extensively studied and displays very large kinetic isotope effects.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	24-38
18790133-8	2008	Conjugated linoleic acid and sterculic acid, known inhibitors of SCD1, exhibited IC(50) values of 0.88 and 0.12 microM, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Rattus norvegicus	65-69
18430558-0	2008	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid in the cis-9, trans-11 isoform reduces parathyroid hormone in male, but not female, rats.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	72-91
18430558-1	2008	Previously, a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isoforms reduced parathyroid hormone (PTH) in male rats over 8 weeks.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	73-92
18430558-1	2008	Previously, a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isoforms reduced parathyroid hormone (PTH) in male rats over 8 weeks.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	94-97
18843019-4	2008	We did not find significant main effects of ALOX5 and ALOX5AP genotypes on breast cancer risk that were consistent across race or ethnicity; however, there was a significant interaction between the ALOX5AP -4900 A&gt;G polymorphism and dietary linoleic acid intake (P=0.03).	Linoleic Acid	244-257	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein	Homo sapiens	198-205
18842780-0	2008	FADS genotypes and desaturase activity estimated by the ratio of arachidonic acid to linoleic acid are associated with inflammation and coronary artery disease.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	receptor associated protein of the synapse	Homo sapiens	0-4
18842780-1	2008	BACKGROUND: The delta-5 and delta-6 desaturases, encoded by FADS1 and FADS2 genes, are key enzymes in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism that catalyze the conversion of linoleic acid (LA) into arachidonic acid (AA) and that of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) into eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).	Linoleic Acid	179-192	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
18842780-1	2008	BACKGROUND: The delta-5 and delta-6 desaturases, encoded by FADS1 and FADS2 genes, are key enzymes in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism that catalyze the conversion of linoleic acid (LA) into arachidonic acid (AA) and that of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) into eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).	Linoleic Acid	179-192	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	70-75
18635820-7	2008	However, incubation of macrophages with linoleic or arachidonic acids significantly reduced both ABCG1 mRNA and protein expression, suggesting that 12/15LO substrates and eicosanoid products differentially regulate ABCG1 expression.	Linoleic Acid	40-48	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1	Homo sapiens	97-102
18635820-7	2008	However, incubation of macrophages with linoleic or arachidonic acids significantly reduced both ABCG1 mRNA and protein expression, suggesting that 12/15LO substrates and eicosanoid products differentially regulate ABCG1 expression.	Linoleic Acid	40-48	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1	Homo sapiens	215-220
18573337-0	2008	PEGylated conjugated linoleic acid stimulation of apoptosis via a p53-mediated signaling pathway in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	66-69
18587072-4	2008	Group V sPLA2 showed preferential release of linoleate from LDL and HDL at SM/PtdCho ratio 1.5 and 0.6, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	45-54	phospholipase A2 group X	Homo sapiens	8-13
18304850-0	2008	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid increases PPAR gamma gene expression in adipose tissue of obese rat, and improves insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	43-53
18304850-0	2008	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid increases PPAR gamma gene expression in adipose tissue of obese rat, and improves insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	insulin	Homo sapiens	115-122
18803934-7	2008	Exposure to TNF-alpha induced oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators, such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor kappaB, COX-2, and PGE(2), which were all amplified by preenrichment with linoleic acid but blocked or reduced by alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	217-230	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	12-21
18719641-0	2008	Conjugated linoleic acid-induced fat loss dependence on Delta6-desaturase or cyclooxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	62-73
18803934-7	2008	Exposure to TNF-alpha induced oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators, such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor kappaB, COX-2, and PGE(2), which were all amplified by preenrichment with linoleic acid but blocked or reduced by alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	217-230	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	83-86
18803934-10	2008	Caveolin-1 was significantly induced by TNF-alpha, which was further amplified by linoleic acid and blocked by alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
18803934-10	2008	Caveolin-1 was significantly induced by TNF-alpha, which was further amplified by linoleic acid and blocked by alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	40-49
18803934-11	2008	Furthermore, silencing of the caveolin-1 gene completely blocked TNF-alpha-induced production of COX-2 and PGE(2) and significantly reduced the amplified response of linoleic acid plus TNF-alpha.	Linoleic Acid	166-179	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	30-40
18803934-11	2008	Furthermore, silencing of the caveolin-1 gene completely blocked TNF-alpha-induced production of COX-2 and PGE(2) and significantly reduced the amplified response of linoleic acid plus TNF-alpha.	Linoleic Acid	166-179	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	65-74
18815150-5	2008	In hepatomas, through its activation of MT1 and MT2 receptors, melatonin inhibits linoleic acid uptake, thereby preventing the formation of the mitogenic metabolite 1,3-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	metallothionein 1I, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	40-43
18680379-3	2008	First, arachidonoyl lysoPC and docosahexaenoyl lysoPC were found to inhibit potato 5-LOX-catalyzed oxygenation of linoleic acid (LA) in a noncompetitive type with Ki values of 0.38 and 1.90 microM, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 2	Solanum tuberosum	85-88
18825276-5	2008	In particular, we confirmed that the high stearoyl-CoA desaturase activities/alleles were positively correlated with beef marbling score, amount of monounsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid content, but negatively with amount of saturated fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	191-204	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	42-65
18815150-5	2008	In hepatomas, through its activation of MT1 and MT2 receptors, melatonin inhibits linoleic acid uptake, thereby preventing the formation of the mitogenic metabolite 1,3-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	48-51
18765588-0	2008	A conjugated linoleic acid supplement containing trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid reduces milk fat synthesis in lactating goats.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	99-103
18818754-1	2008	Linoleic acid (LA) preincubated with cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 or -2 inhibited prostaglandin (PG) formation from arachidonic acid (AA) catalyzed by the respective enzyme, but LA without the preincubation did not.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	37-59
18765588-0	2008	A conjugated linoleic acid supplement containing trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid reduces milk fat synthesis in lactating goats.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	99-103
18765588-1	2008	The effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements containing trans-10, cis-12 for reducing milk fat synthesis has been well described in dairy cows and sheep.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	98-102
18797130-6	2008	The abnormal alpha-cell distribution and sporadic staining of active caspase-3 common to islets of linoleic-acid-fed rats were not observed in oleic-acid-fed (PO and SO) rats.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	69-78
18155510-3	2008	Incubation of PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells with either c9t11-CLA, t10c12-CLA or linoleic acid (LA), as a reference fatty acid, resulted in a significant incorporation of the respective fatty acids into total cell lipids relative to control cells (P&lt;.05).	Linoleic Acid	82-95	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
18243209-0	2008	Dietary oxidized linoleic acid lowers triglycerides via APOA5/APOClll dependent mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	apolipoprotein A-V	Mus musculus	56-61
18641189-1	2008	A mixture of trans-10, cis-12 (t10,c12) and cis-9, trans-11 (c9,t11) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA mixture) reduced atherosclerosis in animals, thus the effect of these isomers on endothelial dysfunctions leading to inflammation and atherosclerosis is of interest.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	95-98
18604218-2	2008	Here we report the crystal structure of the PPAR gamma ligand binding domain bound to nitrated linoleic acid, a potent endogenous ligand of PPAR gamma.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	44-54
18604218-2	2008	Here we report the crystal structure of the PPAR gamma ligand binding domain bound to nitrated linoleic acid, a potent endogenous ligand of PPAR gamma.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	140-150
18275620-2	2008	It is converted to the cis-9, trans-11 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) by the action of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in tissue.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	83-86
18652667-0	2008	Conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis through estrogen receptor alpha in human breast tissue.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	51-74
18570428-0	2008	A mixture of trans, trans conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells with reciprocal expression of Bax and Bcl-2.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	134-137
18570428-0	2008	A mixture of trans, trans conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells with reciprocal expression of Bax and Bcl-2.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	142-147
18565938-9	2008	The mRNA of CPT1A (2.5- to 1.4-fold) was significantly increased by fatty acids in the order of palmitate &gt; linolenate &gt; linoleate &gt; conjugated linoleate, and oleate.	Linoleic Acid	127-136	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A	Bos taurus	12-17
18568373-0	2008	Oleic acid prevents apoptotic cell death induced by trans10, cis12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid via p38 MAP kinase dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	106-109
18568373-3	2008	Here, we showed that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition using its specific inhibitor SB203580 cancelled the ameliorative effect of oleic acid on the cytotoxicity of t10, c12-conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	205-218	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	21-57
18568373-8	2008	These observations indicated the involvement of blockade of a p38 MAPK pathway in the ameliorative effect of oleic acid on apoptosis induced by t10, c12-conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	164-177	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	62-65
18565938-9	2008	The mRNA of CPT1A (2.5- to 1.4-fold) was significantly increased by fatty acids in the order of palmitate &gt; linolenate &gt; linoleate &gt; conjugated linoleate, and oleate.	Linoleic Acid	153-162	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A	Bos taurus	12-17
18567757-0	2008	Cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid inhibits allergic sensitization and airway inflammation via a PPARgamma-related mechanism in mice.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	102-111
18567757-2	2008	We tested whether cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA), naturally occurring in milk fat, may prevent allergic sensitization and inhibit airway inflammation in a murine asthma model.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	clasper	Mus musculus	66-69
18389471-5	2008	The COX-2/COX-1 ratio was 0.007 for linoleic acid and 0.2 for alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	4-9
18389471-5	2008	The COX-2/COX-1 ratio was 0.007 for linoleic acid and 0.2 for alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	10-15
18389471-0	2008	Isolation of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids as COX-1 and -2 inhibitors in rose hip.	Linoleic Acid	13-21	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	51-63
18389471-6	2008	Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid contribute to the COX-1 and -2 inhibitory activity of rose hip.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	57-69
18389471-4	2008	The bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of linoleic acid (the IC50 for COX-1 was 85 microm and 0.6 microM for COX-2) and alpha-linolenic acid (the IC50 for COX-1 was 52 microM and 12 microM for COX-2).	Linoleic Acid	58-71	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	86-91
18339686-0	2008	t10,c12-Conjugated linoleic acid stimulates mammary tumor progression in Her2/ErbB2 mice through activation of both proliferative and survival pathways.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	73-77
18389471-4	2008	The bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of linoleic acid (the IC50 for COX-1 was 85 microm and 0.6 microM for COX-2) and alpha-linolenic acid (the IC50 for COX-1 was 52 microM and 12 microM for COX-2).	Linoleic Acid	58-71	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	125-130
18389471-4	2008	The bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of linoleic acid (the IC50 for COX-1 was 85 microm and 0.6 microM for COX-2) and alpha-linolenic acid (the IC50 for COX-1 was 52 microM and 12 microM for COX-2).	Linoleic Acid	58-71	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	171-176
18389471-4	2008	The bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of linoleic acid (the IC50 for COX-1 was 85 microm and 0.6 microM for COX-2) and alpha-linolenic acid (the IC50 for COX-1 was 52 microM and 12 microM for COX-2).	Linoleic Acid	58-71	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	209-214
18481133-5	2008	TRPV1 was activated by hexane extract of wheat flour, and its functional compounds were 1-monoacylglycerols containing oleic, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids.	Linoleic Acid	126-134	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
18339686-2	2008	In the current study, we report that a 4-week supplementation of the diet with 0.5% trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) stimulated the growth of established ErbB2-overexpressing mammary tumors by 30% and increased the number of new tumors from 11% to 82%.	Linoleic Acid	112-125	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	177-182
18810998-1	2008	6-Alkylsalicylic acids inhibit the linoleic acid peroxidation catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, type 1) competitively and without pro-oxidant effects.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	83-97
18833993-0	2008	Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation modified the body composition and serum leptin levels in weaning rats.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	81-87
18362158-7	2008	Arachidonic, linoleic, and oleic acids and a mixture of these decreased the rates of 4MU and PRO glucuronidation by UGT1A9.	Linoleic Acid	13-21	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A9	Homo sapiens	116-122
18339686-0	2008	t10,c12-Conjugated linoleic acid stimulates mammary tumor progression in Her2/ErbB2 mice through activation of both proliferative and survival pathways.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	78-83
18339686-1	2008	The t10,c12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits rat mammary carcinogenesis, metastasis from a transplantable mouse mammary tumor and angiogenesis; however, it stimulates mammary tumorigenesis in transgenic mice overexpressing ErbB2 in the mammary epithelium (ErbB2 transgenic mice).	Linoleic Acid	33-46	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	240-245
18339686-1	2008	The t10,c12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits rat mammary carcinogenesis, metastasis from a transplantable mouse mammary tumor and angiogenesis; however, it stimulates mammary tumorigenesis in transgenic mice overexpressing ErbB2 in the mammary epithelium (ErbB2 transgenic mice).	Linoleic Acid	33-46	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	273-278
18959025-2	2008	The effect of the stable hydrophobic bis-nitroxides, blocking the free radical transformation, on the oxidation of linoleic acid or linoleic alcohol by 5-lipoxygenase from potato tuber has been investigated.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	152-166
18256202-5	2008	A mixture of arachidonic, linoleic and oleic acids, at a concentration corresponding to 1/20 of the content of HLMs, doubled the K(m) for PHY hydroxylation by CYP2C9, without affecting V(max).	Linoleic Acid	26-34	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	159-165
18356842-0	2008	Effect of a conjugated linoleic acid and omega-3 fatty acid mixture on body composition and adiponectin.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	92-103
18959024-1	2008	Influence of anionogenic phospholipid of phosphatidic acid (PA) on oxidation of linoleic acid by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) from Solanum tuberosum was studied.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	97-111
18959025-3	2008	The inhibiting effect of nitroxide compounds on oxidation of linoleic acid or linoleic alcohol by 5-lipoxygenase depends on SDS concentration.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	98-112
18287349-0	2008	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid antagonizes ligand-dependent PPARgamma activity in primary cultures of human adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	71-80
21141508-0	2008	[Mechanism of linoleic acid on the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 in HepG2 cells].	Linoleic Acid	14-27	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	49-87
21141508-1	2008	AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of linoleic acid on plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) expression in HepG2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	86-124
21141508-1	2008	AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of linoleic acid on plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) expression in HepG2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	126-131
17918246-8	2008	A dose-dependent increase in vascular endothelial growth factor-alpha (VEGF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) by neutrophils incubated in the presence of oleic and linoleic acid was observed.	Linoleic Acid	170-183	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	29-69
17918246-8	2008	A dose-dependent increase in vascular endothelial growth factor-alpha (VEGF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) by neutrophils incubated in the presence of oleic and linoleic acid was observed.	Linoleic Acid	170-183	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	87-104
17918246-8	2008	A dose-dependent increase in vascular endothelial growth factor-alpha (VEGF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) by neutrophils incubated in the presence of oleic and linoleic acid was observed.	Linoleic Acid	170-183	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	106-114
18311664-5	2008	Research has shown that the linoleic acid content of soy PI is critical to a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha dependent stimulation of HDL secretion.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	77-125
18320257-6	2008	METHODS: For this purpose we investigated the effect of PUFA (linoleic acid and eicosapentanoic acid) on the ACMSD mRNA level in primary-cultured rat hepatocytes and compared its effect with that of WY-14,643 (a PPARalpha agonist).	Linoleic Acid	62-75	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	109-114
18320257-8	2008	RESULTS: ACMSD mRNA level in primary hepatocytes were decreased by the incubation with high concentrations of linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and WY-14,643.	Linoleic Acid	110-123	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	9-14
18056926-0	2008	The trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid decreases adiponectin assembly by PPARgamma-dependent and PPARgamma-independent mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	42-55	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	66-77
18056926-0	2008	The trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid decreases adiponectin assembly by PPARgamma-dependent and PPARgamma-independent mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	42-55	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	90-99
18056926-0	2008	The trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid decreases adiponectin assembly by PPARgamma-dependent and PPARgamma-independent mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	42-55	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	114-123
18056926-3	2008	Treatment with trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t-10, c-12 CLA) reduces levels of adiponectin as well as triglyceride (TG) in mice and adipocyte cell culture models.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	clasper	Mus musculus	69-72
18056926-3	2008	Treatment with trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t-10, c-12 CLA) reduces levels of adiponectin as well as triglyceride (TG) in mice and adipocyte cell culture models.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	92-103
21141508-4	2008	RESULTS: (1) Linoleic acid remarkably increased PAI-1 mRNA expression and transcription in varying concentrations.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	48-53
21141508-5	2008	(2) The level of PAI-1 transcription was gradually decreased induced by linoleic acid when transfected the SBE- site directed-deletions plasmids in PAI-1 promoter at -734/-731.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	17-22
21141508-5	2008	(2) The level of PAI-1 transcription was gradually decreased induced by linoleic acid when transfected the SBE- site directed-deletions plasmids in PAI-1 promoter at -734/-731.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	148-153
21141508-6	2008	(3) Protein levels of both Smad3 and 4 in HepG2 cells were increased by linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	SMAD family member 3	Homo sapiens	27-32
21141508-7	2008	CONCLUSION: Linoleic acid regulated the expression of PAI-1 from transcriptional level in HepG2 cells and SBE involved in the regulation, and both Smads protein and Smad signaling pathway acted main role in this procession.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
17916272-6	2008	Oral administration of caprylic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, which are major fatty acid components in milk, induced jejunal CBP/p300 gene expression.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	CREB binding protein	Rattus norvegicus	131-134
18301083-3	2008	RECENT FINDINGS: Observational studies assessing fatty acid composition in serum or tissues suggest that insulin resistance is associated with relatively high intakes of saturated fat (e.g. palmitic acid) and low intakes of polyunsaturated fat (e.g. linoleic acid), findings that are supported by recent clinical data.	Linoleic Acid	250-263	insulin	Homo sapiens	105-112
18288374-4	2008	Using this system, we screened inhibitors from natural compounds, and found that a fatty acid, linoleic acid (C18:2), from a basidiomycete, inhibited Cdt1-geminin interaction in vitro.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
18288374-4	2008	Using this system, we screened inhibitors from natural compounds, and found that a fatty acid, linoleic acid (C18:2), from a basidiomycete, inhibited Cdt1-geminin interaction in vitro.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	geminin DNA replication inhibitor	Homo sapiens	155-162
18361731-0	2008	Induction of apoptosis by linoleic acid is associated with the modulation of Bcl-2 family and Fas/FasL system and activation of caspases in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	77-82
18361731-0	2008	Induction of apoptosis by linoleic acid is associated with the modulation of Bcl-2 family and Fas/FasL system and activation of caspases in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	98-102
18287349-1	2008	We previously demonstrated that trans-10, cis-12 (10,12) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) causes human adipocyte delipidation, insulin resistance, and inflammation in part by attenuating PPARgamma target gene expression.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	insulin	Homo sapiens	125-132
18287349-1	2008	We previously demonstrated that trans-10, cis-12 (10,12) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) causes human adipocyte delipidation, insulin resistance, and inflammation in part by attenuating PPARgamma target gene expression.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	185-194
18189424-0	2008	Linoleic acid-enriched phospholipids act through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha to stimulate hepatic apolipoprotein A-I secretion.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	120-138
18407910-8	2008	The amount of linoleic acid (C18:2) in lymphatic triglycerides followed the relative amounts of this fatty acid in the diet, with the greatest in LCT followed by LCT/MCT and LCT/2mono and least in MCT.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	lactase	Rattus norvegicus	146-149
18407910-8	2008	The amount of linoleic acid (C18:2) in lymphatic triglycerides followed the relative amounts of this fatty acid in the diet, with the greatest in LCT followed by LCT/MCT and LCT/2mono and least in MCT.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	lactase	Rattus norvegicus	162-169
18189424-5	2008	Phospholipids with choline and inositol head groups and one or more linoleic acid (LA) acyl chains were shown to stimulate apoA-I secretion by HepG2 cells and primary human hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	123-129
17974620-7	2008	The linoleic acid (18:2) to polyunsaturated acid ratio was increased in the dexamethasone-treated animals (+29%; P &lt; 0.01), suggesting a possible increase in stearoyl-CoA desaturase 2 activity, as reported in Sertoli cells.	Linoleic Acid	4-17	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 2	Mus musculus	161-186
18300159-1	2008	In plants, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated oleate desaturase (FAD2) is the key enzyme responsible for the production of linoleic acid in non-photosynthetic tissues.	Linoleic Acid	130-143	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	72-76
17509733-3	2008	The influence of complexes (1)-(6) upon the catalytic peroxidation of linoleic acid by the enzyme lipoxygenase (LOX) was also studied and compared to those of cisplatin.	Linoleic Acid	70-83	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	112-115
18300159-6	2008	Yeast cells transformed with the plasmid construct containing soybean FAD2-1B accumulate an appreciable amount of linoleic acid (18:2), normally not present in wild-type yeast cells, indicating that the cloned gene encodes a functional FAD2 enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	70-77
18300159-6	2008	Yeast cells transformed with the plasmid construct containing soybean FAD2-1B accumulate an appreciable amount of linoleic acid (18:2), normally not present in wild-type yeast cells, indicating that the cloned gene encodes a functional FAD2 enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	70-74
18252961-8	2008	Linoleic acid-induced inhibition of VDCC current was not blocked by preincubation of beta-cells with either the specific protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H89, or the PKC inhibitor, chelerythrine.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	121-137
18086949-5	2008	Measurements of brain sEH enzyme activity and plasma levels of arachidonate and linoleate metabolites of sEH further suggested significant differences between the 2 strains.	Linoleic Acid	80-89	epoxide hydrolase 2	Rattus norvegicus	105-108
17654485-0	2008	Lipolysis is stimulated by PEGylated conjugated linoleic acid through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-independent signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells: activation of MEK/ERK MAPK signaling pathway and hyper-secretion of adipo-cytokines.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	midkine	Mus musculus	166-169
17654485-0	2008	Lipolysis is stimulated by PEGylated conjugated linoleic acid through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-independent signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells: activation of MEK/ERK MAPK signaling pathway and hyper-secretion of adipo-cytokines.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	170-173
17654485-0	2008	Lipolysis is stimulated by PEGylated conjugated linoleic acid through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-independent signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells: activation of MEK/ERK MAPK signaling pathway and hyper-secretion of adipo-cytokines.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	174-178
17654485-1	2008	We previously reported that PEGylated conjugated linoleic acid (PCLA) as a pro-drug treatment of cultures of 3T3-L1 cells containing differentiated adipocytes caused de-differentiation by downregulation of PPARgamma2-induced adipogenesis, and cell apoptosis induced by PCLA was lower than that induced by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) owing to the biocompatible and hydrophilic properties of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG).	Linoleic Acid	49-62	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	206-216
17654485-1	2008	We previously reported that PEGylated conjugated linoleic acid (PCLA) as a pro-drug treatment of cultures of 3T3-L1 cells containing differentiated adipocytes caused de-differentiation by downregulation of PPARgamma2-induced adipogenesis, and cell apoptosis induced by PCLA was lower than that induced by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) owing to the biocompatible and hydrophilic properties of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG).	Linoleic Acid	316-329	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	206-216
18254828-1	2008	Stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) is the key enzyme involved in the endogenous synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in ruminants.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	0-23
18254828-1	2008	Stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) is the key enzyme involved in the endogenous synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in ruminants.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	25-28
18252961-8	2008	Linoleic acid-induced inhibition of VDCC current was not blocked by preincubation of beta-cells with either the specific protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H89, or the PKC inhibitor, chelerythrine.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	139-142
18314499-3	2008	Here, we demonstrate that LT-treated vte2 has a distinct composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): lower levels of linolenic acid (18:3) and higher levels of linoleic acid (18:2) compared with the wild type.	Linoleic Acid	168-181	homogentisate phytyltransferase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	37-41
17678565-0	2008	Functional effects of eggs, naturally enriched with conjugated linoleic acid, on the blood lipid profile, development of atherosclerosis and composition of atherosclerotic plaque in apolipoprotein E and low-density lipoprotein receptor double-knockout mice (apoE/LDLR-/-).	Linoleic Acid	63-76	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	203-235
18586635-7	2008	Of particular importance for immune surveillance is that the Th1 pathway in RLP is down-regulated and it is advocated that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have the ability to restore the Th1/Th2 balance.	Linoleic Acid	134-147	negative elongation factor complex member C/D	Homo sapiens	218-221
19839523-1	2008	Conjugated dienes of linoleic acid (CLA) are fatty acids widely found in food of animal and plant origin.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	36-39
22444967-7	2008	Treatment with both linoleic and oleic acid-containing media evoked higher levels of PPAR-gamma than observed in control cultures (P &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	20-28	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	85-95
22444967-8	2008	GLUT-4 protein also increased in response to treatment with both linoleic and oleic acid-containing media (P &lt; 0.001).	Linoleic Acid	65-73	solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 4	Mus musculus	0-6
17678565-1	2008	The objective of this study was to evaluate potential anti-atherogenic properties of hen eggs enriched naturally with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers (cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12).	Linoleic Acid	129-142	clasper	Mus musculus	144-147
18211379-7	2008	Moreover, the composition of linoleic and arachidonic acids in membrane was decreased by increase in t,t CLA.	Linoleic Acid	29-37	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	105-108
17971455-8	2007	The first step in the desaturation and elongation of linoleic acid and linolenic acid to arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, respectively, is catalyzed by Delta6-desaturase (encoded by Fads2).	Linoleic Acid	53-66	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	168-179
17717684-7	2008	The same reduction in levels of adiponectin gene expression was observed in epididymal adipose tissue of animals chronically fed soybean and coconut diets and in 3T3-L1 cells treated with palmitic, linoleic, EPA, and DHA acids.	Linoleic Acid	198-206	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	32-43
18551182-1	2008	Dietary peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma ligands, linoleic acid (LA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), showed anticancer effects in colorectal carcinoma cells.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	52-62
18551182-1	2008	Dietary peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma ligands, linoleic acid (LA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), showed anticancer effects in colorectal carcinoma cells.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	52-62
17906221-0	2008	Conjugated linoleic acid fails to worsen insulin resistance but induces hepatic steatosis in the presence of leptin in ob/ob mice.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	leptin	Mus musculus	109-115
17906221-1	2008	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induces insulin resistance preceded by rapid depletion of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin, increased inflammation, and hepatic steatosis in mice.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	leptin	Mus musculus	104-110
17906221-1	2008	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induces insulin resistance preceded by rapid depletion of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin, increased inflammation, and hepatic steatosis in mice.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	115-126
17971455-8	2007	The first step in the desaturation and elongation of linoleic acid and linolenic acid to arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, respectively, is catalyzed by Delta6-desaturase (encoded by Fads2).	Linoleic Acid	53-66	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	192-197
17804680-8	2007	The insulin response was lower to meals rich in oleic acid or EPA and DHA than to meals rich in palmitic acid or linoleic acid (P &lt; 0.01).	Linoleic Acid	113-126	insulin	Homo sapiens	4-11
17997747-5	2007	In this generation, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) returned TNF-alpha to normal levels and diminished IL-4 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) expressions; males fed transFA (tFA) and CLA showed a lower rate of induced acrosome reaction.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	60-69
17997747-5	2007	In this generation, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) returned TNF-alpha to normal levels and diminished IL-4 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) expressions; males fed transFA (tFA) and CLA showed a lower rate of induced acrosome reaction.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	102-106
17980348-3	2007	Residue Arg155 appears to be crucial for AtUCP1 affinity to linoleic acid (LA) whereas His83 plays an important role in AtUCP1 transport activity.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	plant uncoupling mitochondrial protein 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	41-47
17825288-0	2007	Linoleic acid-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase II via p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in retinal pigment epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	36-67
18087590-4	2007	OBJECTIVES: Because THF-diols are derived from lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways, we suspected that these compounds may regulate cell proliferation by modulating specific enzymatic sites involved in linoleic acid metabolism including phospholipase A(2) (PLA2), lipoxygenases (LOX-5 and LOX-12), cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), and closely coupled enzymes including aromatase (AROM).	Linoleic Acid	206-219	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	241-259
18087590-4	2007	OBJECTIVES: Because THF-diols are derived from lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways, we suspected that these compounds may regulate cell proliferation by modulating specific enzymatic sites involved in linoleic acid metabolism including phospholipase A(2) (PLA2), lipoxygenases (LOX-5 and LOX-12), cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), and closely coupled enzymes including aromatase (AROM).	Linoleic Acid	206-219	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	261-265
18087590-4	2007	OBJECTIVES: Because THF-diols are derived from lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways, we suspected that these compounds may regulate cell proliferation by modulating specific enzymatic sites involved in linoleic acid metabolism including phospholipase A(2) (PLA2), lipoxygenases (LOX-5 and LOX-12), cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), and closely coupled enzymes including aromatase (AROM).	Linoleic Acid	206-219	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	283-288
18087590-4	2007	OBJECTIVES: Because THF-diols are derived from lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways, we suspected that these compounds may regulate cell proliferation by modulating specific enzymatic sites involved in linoleic acid metabolism including phospholipase A(2) (PLA2), lipoxygenases (LOX-5 and LOX-12), cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), and closely coupled enzymes including aromatase (AROM).	Linoleic Acid	206-219	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	319-324
18087590-4	2007	OBJECTIVES: Because THF-diols are derived from lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways, we suspected that these compounds may regulate cell proliferation by modulating specific enzymatic sites involved in linoleic acid metabolism including phospholipase A(2) (PLA2), lipoxygenases (LOX-5 and LOX-12), cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), and closely coupled enzymes including aromatase (AROM).	Linoleic Acid	206-219	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	329-334
17691108-0	2007	PPARalpha and PP2A are involved in the proapoptotic effect of conjugated linoleic acid on human hepatoma cell line SK-HEP-1.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	0-9
17691108-0	2007	PPARalpha and PP2A are involved in the proapoptotic effect of conjugated linoleic acid on human hepatoma cell line SK-HEP-1.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	14-18
17691108-0	2007	PPARalpha and PP2A are involved in the proapoptotic effect of conjugated linoleic acid on human hepatoma cell line SK-HEP-1.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	DNL-type zinc finger	Homo sapiens	118-123
18370801-0	2007	Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) But Not Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Prevents Trans-10, Cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)-Induced Insulin Resistance in Mice.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	insulin	Homo sapiens	128-135
17720770-3	2007	We fed young male pigs one of three diets differing in n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) for 30 days.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	Polyunsaturated fatty acid percentage	Sus scrofa	67-94
17720770-3	2007	We fed young male pigs one of three diets differing in n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) for 30 days.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	Polyunsaturated fatty acid percentage	Sus scrofa	96-100
18032786-9	2007	We further demonstrate that the PCs with linoleic acid in their sn-2 position (18:2n6) induce phosphorylation of Ser15 in p53 in an ATR-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	122-125
18032786-9	2007	We further demonstrate that the PCs with linoleic acid in their sn-2 position (18:2n6) induce phosphorylation of Ser15 in p53 in an ATR-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	132-135
17475460-4	2007	In archived tissues from dietary studies, COX-2 protein and gene expression was up-regulated in diseased pcy mouse and Han:SPRD-cy rat kidneys when given diets containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), but not those containing alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), compared to control diets with linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	318-331	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	42-47
17878318-1	2007	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA) causes fat loss in mouse white adipose tissue (WAT) and adipocytes in culture.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	clasper	Mus musculus	50-53
17886236-3	2007	Lipoxygenase extracted from mung bean catalyzed the oxidative reaction of linoleic acid, after which the intermediate hydroperoxide compound was split via green bell pepper hydroperoxide lyase to produce hexanal.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-like	Vigna radiata	0-12
17825288-0	2007	Linoleic acid-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase II via p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in retinal pigment epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	94-97
17825288-13	2007	Linoleic acid-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 as well as PGE(2) and NO release in RPE cells were sequentially mediated through activation of p42/p44, MAPK, then NF-kappaB.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
17825288-13	2007	Linoleic acid-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 as well as PGE(2) and NO release in RPE cells were sequentially mediated through activation of p42/p44, MAPK, then NF-kappaB.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	45-50
17825288-13	2007	Linoleic acid-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 as well as PGE(2) and NO release in RPE cells were sequentially mediated through activation of p42/p44, MAPK, then NF-kappaB.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	146-149
17825288-13	2007	Linoleic acid-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 as well as PGE(2) and NO release in RPE cells were sequentially mediated through activation of p42/p44, MAPK, then NF-kappaB.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	interferon induced protein 44	Homo sapiens	150-153
20409874-5	2007	Insulin suppressed plasma linoleate and oleate similarly in CKD (81%, 84%) and NT subjects (84%, 85%, respectively; P = NS) but less in HT patients (67%, 70%, P &lt; .05 vs. CKD and NT).	Linoleic Acid	26-35	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
18021937-3	2007	This pathway is triggered by oxidized proatherogenic lipids, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein and linoleic acid derivatives, which promote differentiation of CCR2(hi)CX3CR1(lo) human monocytes to CCR2(lo)CX3CR1(hi) macrophages that adhere to coronary artery smooth muscle cells in a CX3CR1- and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	C-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	166-170
17141918-1	2007	In plants, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated oleate desaturase (FAD2) is the key enzyme responsible for the production of linoleic acid in non-photosynthetic tissues.	Linoleic Acid	130-143	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	72-76
17141918-6	2007	Yeast cells transformed with a plasmid construct containing the FAD2-3 coding region accumulated a considerable amount of linoleic acid (18:2), normally not present in wild-type yeast cells, suggesting that the isolated gene encodes a functional FAD2 enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	122-135	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	64-68
17141918-6	2007	Yeast cells transformed with a plasmid construct containing the FAD2-3 coding region accumulated a considerable amount of linoleic acid (18:2), normally not present in wild-type yeast cells, suggesting that the isolated gene encodes a functional FAD2 enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	122-135	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	246-250
18021937-3	2007	This pathway is triggered by oxidized proatherogenic lipids, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein and linoleic acid derivatives, which promote differentiation of CCR2(hi)CX3CR1(lo) human monocytes to CCR2(lo)CX3CR1(hi) macrophages that adhere to coronary artery smooth muscle cells in a CX3CR1- and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	174-180
18021937-3	2007	This pathway is triggered by oxidized proatherogenic lipids, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein and linoleic acid derivatives, which promote differentiation of CCR2(hi)CX3CR1(lo) human monocytes to CCR2(lo)CX3CR1(hi) macrophages that adhere to coronary artery smooth muscle cells in a CX3CR1- and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	C-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	204-208
18021937-3	2007	This pathway is triggered by oxidized proatherogenic lipids, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein and linoleic acid derivatives, which promote differentiation of CCR2(hi)CX3CR1(lo) human monocytes to CCR2(lo)CX3CR1(hi) macrophages that adhere to coronary artery smooth muscle cells in a CX3CR1- and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	212-218
18021937-3	2007	This pathway is triggered by oxidized proatherogenic lipids, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein and linoleic acid derivatives, which promote differentiation of CCR2(hi)CX3CR1(lo) human monocytes to CCR2(lo)CX3CR1(hi) macrophages that adhere to coronary artery smooth muscle cells in a CX3CR1- and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	212-218
18021937-3	2007	This pathway is triggered by oxidized proatherogenic lipids, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein and linoleic acid derivatives, which promote differentiation of CCR2(hi)CX3CR1(lo) human monocytes to CCR2(lo)CX3CR1(hi) macrophages that adhere to coronary artery smooth muscle cells in a CX3CR1- and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	303-351
18399127-0	2007	[Study on inhibitory effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid on migration of human gastric carcinoma cell line via cyclooxygenase-2 pathway].	Linoleic Acid	51-64	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	119-135
18399127-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibitory effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) on migration of human gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC-7901) via cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	88-91
18399127-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibitory effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) on migration of human gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC-7901) via cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	158-174
18399127-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibitory effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) on migration of human gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC-7901) via cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	176-181
17636402-5	2007	Linoleic acid, the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the diet, was associated with increased risk of colon tumors with only a KRAS mutation and no additional truncating APC mutation or lack of MLH1 expression (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.18-1.69 for one standard deviation (i.e., 7.5 g/day) increase in intake, p-trend over the quartiles of intake &lt;0.001).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	136-140
17894561-7	2007	The DGAT1 allele that encodes lysine (K) at position 232 (232K) is associated with more saturated fat; a larger fraction of C16:0; and smaller fractions of C14:0, unsaturated C18 and conjugated linoleic acid (P &lt; 0.001).	Linoleic Acid	194-207	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Bos taurus	4-9
17636402-5	2007	Linoleic acid, the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the diet, was associated with increased risk of colon tumors with only a KRAS mutation and no additional truncating APC mutation or lack of MLH1 expression (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.18-1.69 for one standard deviation (i.e., 7.5 g/day) increase in intake, p-trend over the quartiles of intake &lt;0.001).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mutL homolog 1	Homo sapiens	203-207
17636402-7	2007	CONCLUSION: Linoleic acid intake is associated with colon tumors with an aberrant KRAS gene, but an intact APC gene and MLH1 expression, suggesting a unique etiology of tumors with specific genetic aberrations.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	82-86
17636402-7	2007	CONCLUSION: Linoleic acid intake is associated with colon tumors with an aberrant KRAS gene, but an intact APC gene and MLH1 expression, suggesting a unique etiology of tumors with specific genetic aberrations.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	mutL homolog 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
17655842-4	2007	The activity of the enzyme, evaluated as product/precursor ratio in the metabolic pathway (starting from [1-(14)C] linoleic acid), increased in treated cells with respect to controls after 24 h, whereas, mRNA levels of the delta5 desaturase increased after 12 h of incubation with simvastatin.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	223-240
17654011-1	2007	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) catalyzes the synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) from their saturated counterparts in the mammary gland and adipose tissue of ruminant animals.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	0-23
17654011-1	2007	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) catalyzes the synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) from their saturated counterparts in the mammary gland and adipose tissue of ruminant animals.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	25-28
17632092-0	2007	Antiproliferative effect of conjugated linoleic acid in caco-2 cells: involvement of PPARgamma and APC/beta-catenin pathways.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	85-94
18850157-0	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid down-regulates expression of resistin and adiponectin in fully differentiated 3T3-F442A cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	resistin	Mus musculus	54-62
18850157-0	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid down-regulates expression of resistin and adiponectin in fully differentiated 3T3-F442A cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	67-78
17647039-0	2007	Linoleic acid decreases leptin and adiponectin secretion from primary rat adipocytes in the presence of insulin.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	35-46
17647039-5	2007	Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the direct effects of linoleic acid on leptin and adiponectin production, two adipokines known to influence weight gain and insulin sensitivity.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	93-104
17647039-9	2007	Linoleic acid also induced a significant decrease (approximately 20%) in adiponectin secretion (P &lt; 0.05), but only in the presence of insulin and at the highest concentration tested (200 microM).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	73-84
17647039-11	2007	Together, these results suggest that linoleic acid seems to interfere with other insulin signalling pathway different from those controlling glucose uptake and metabolism, but involved in the regulation of leptin and adiponectin production.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	217-228
17711445-1	2007	AIMS: Two different pathways of linoleic acid (LA) metabolism have opposite effects on the development of colonic cancer: a protumoral prostaglandin cascade metabolized by cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and an antitumoral peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma ligands metabolized by 15-lipooxygenase (LOX)-1.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	215-270
17711445-1	2007	AIMS: Two different pathways of linoleic acid (LA) metabolism have opposite effects on the development of colonic cancer: a protumoral prostaglandin cascade metabolized by cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and an antitumoral peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma ligands metabolized by 15-lipooxygenase (LOX)-1.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	294-318
17368881-0	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation reduces peripheral blood mononuclear cell interleukin-2 production in healthy middle-aged males.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	83-96
17426927-6	2007	Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase, using conjugated linoleic acid (trans-10, cis-12), augmented saturated fatty acid-induced ER stress and apoptosis.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Rattus norvegicus	14-37
17426927-9	2007	Since conjugated linoleic acid inhibited stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity, it is hypothesized that saturation, per se, plays a role in lipotoxicity in liver cells.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Rattus norvegicus	41-64
18069245-1	2007	6-Pentadeca(e)nylsalicylic acids isolated from the cashew Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae), commonly known as anacardic acids, inhibited the linoleic acid peroxidation catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, type 1) competitively without prooxidant effects.	Linoleic Acid	150-163	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	198-212
17632092-0	2007	Antiproliferative effect of conjugated linoleic acid in caco-2 cells: involvement of PPARgamma and APC/beta-catenin pathways.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	103-115
17604003-8	2007	METHODS: LOX activity and 13-HODE dehydrogenase in CECs were investigated after stimulation with arachidonic or linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	112-125	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	9-12
17472580-4	2007	Furthermore, we show that, in cell lysates, NOX 4 activity can be modulated by PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) at the micromolar level in the presence of calcium: NOX 4 activity is increased by arachidonic acid (C20:4,n-6) (approximately 175% of the control), and conjugated linoleic acid (C18:2 [9Z,11E]) is a potent inhibitor (50% of the control).	Linoleic Acid	279-292	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	44-49
17472580-4	2007	Furthermore, we show that, in cell lysates, NOX 4 activity can be modulated by PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) at the micromolar level in the presence of calcium: NOX 4 activity is increased by arachidonic acid (C20:4,n-6) (approximately 175% of the control), and conjugated linoleic acid (C18:2 [9Z,11E]) is a potent inhibitor (50% of the control).	Linoleic Acid	279-292	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	167-172
17634263-6	2007	Linoleic-acid-fed rats (PL and SL) exhibited reduced insulin-immunoreactive staining of the pancreatic islets, enhanced macrophage infiltration in adipose tissue, and an elevated plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration when compared with oleic-acid-fed rats (PO and SO).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	186-213
17666827-4	2007	Among the four PUFAs examined (linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, retinoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid; DHA), the highest inhibitory effect of CYP3A-catalyzed testosterone metabolism was observed with DHA, which inhibited testosterone metabolism by 94%.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 62	Rattus norvegicus	148-153
17593346-3	2007	MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells were pre-treated with 1 mmol/l linoleate for 24 h. Subsequent insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and its association with the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase were determined by immunoblotting.	Linoleic Acid	60-69	insulin receptor substrate 1	Mus musculus	110-115
17593346-6	2007	RESULTS: Linoleate pretreatment reduced IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and p85 association.	Linoleic Acid	9-18	insulin receptor substrate 1	Mus musculus	40-45
17593346-7	2007	Overexpression of diacylglycerol kinase epsilon reversed the activation of protein kinase C isoforms by linoleate, but paradoxically further diminished IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation.	Linoleic Acid	104-113	diacylglycerol kinase, epsilon	Mus musculus	18-47
17593346-11	2007	CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: These data indicate that linoleate-derived phosphatidic acid is a novel lipid species that contributes independently of protein kinase C to IRS-1 signalling defects in muscle cells in response to lipid oversupply.	Linoleic Acid	53-62	insulin receptor substrate 1	Mus musculus	168-173
17553852-1	2007	A naturally occurring fatty acid, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), reduces immune-induced TNF and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression; key mediators of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).	Linoleic Acid	45-58	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	89-121
17553852-1	2007	A naturally occurring fatty acid, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), reduces immune-induced TNF and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression; key mediators of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).	Linoleic Acid	45-58	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	123-128
17690459-1	2007	We have previously shown that the 9c,11t-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration was always significantly higher than the 10t,12c-CLA concentration following the administration of these compounds to mice and rats, and considered that structural differences between the conjugated double bonds in these isomers affected absorption in the small intestine.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	clasper	Mus musculus	67-70
17634263-7	2007	Furthermore, sucrose and linoleic acid synergistically increased the expression of genes involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis [sterol regulatory-element binding protein (SREBP)-1c and SREBP-2].	Linoleic Acid	25-38	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	185-194
17634263-7	2007	Furthermore, sucrose and linoleic acid synergistically increased the expression of genes involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis [sterol regulatory-element binding protein (SREBP)-1c and SREBP-2].	Linoleic Acid	25-38	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	199-206
17660413-1	2007	The linoleic acid isomerase enzyme from Propionibacterium acnes responsible for bioconversion of linoleic acid to trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10, c12 CLA) was cloned and overexpressed in Lactococcus lactis and Escherichia coli, resulting in between 30 and 50 % conversion rates of the substrate linoleic acid to t10, c12 CLA.	Linoleic Acid	4-17	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	166-169
17660413-1	2007	The linoleic acid isomerase enzyme from Propionibacterium acnes responsible for bioconversion of linoleic acid to trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10, c12 CLA) was cloned and overexpressed in Lactococcus lactis and Escherichia coli, resulting in between 30 and 50 % conversion rates of the substrate linoleic acid to t10, c12 CLA.	Linoleic Acid	4-17	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	337-340
17660413-1	2007	The linoleic acid isomerase enzyme from Propionibacterium acnes responsible for bioconversion of linoleic acid to trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10, c12 CLA) was cloned and overexpressed in Lactococcus lactis and Escherichia coli, resulting in between 30 and 50 % conversion rates of the substrate linoleic acid to t10, c12 CLA.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	166-169
17660413-1	2007	The linoleic acid isomerase enzyme from Propionibacterium acnes responsible for bioconversion of linoleic acid to trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10, c12 CLA) was cloned and overexpressed in Lactococcus lactis and Escherichia coli, resulting in between 30 and 50 % conversion rates of the substrate linoleic acid to t10, c12 CLA.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	337-340
17660413-1	2007	The linoleic acid isomerase enzyme from Propionibacterium acnes responsible for bioconversion of linoleic acid to trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10, c12 CLA) was cloned and overexpressed in Lactococcus lactis and Escherichia coli, resulting in between 30 and 50 % conversion rates of the substrate linoleic acid to t10, c12 CLA.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	166-169
17660413-1	2007	The linoleic acid isomerase enzyme from Propionibacterium acnes responsible for bioconversion of linoleic acid to trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10, c12 CLA) was cloned and overexpressed in Lactococcus lactis and Escherichia coli, resulting in between 30 and 50 % conversion rates of the substrate linoleic acid to t10, c12 CLA.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	337-340
17660413-4	2007	Following 5 days of incubation of SW480 cells with 5-20 microg ml(-1) (17.8-71.3 microM) of the t10, c12 CLA, there was a significant (P&lt;0.001) reduction in growth of the SW480 cancer cells compared with the linoleic acid control.	Linoleic Acid	211-224	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	105-108
17660413-5	2007	Cell viability after treatment with the highest concentration (20 microg ml(-1)) of the t10, c12 CLA was reduced to 7.9 % (L. lactis CLA) and 19.6 % (E. coli CLA), compared with 95.4 % (control linoleic acid) and 31.7 % (pure t10, c12 CLA).	Linoleic Acid	194-207	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	97-100
17394083-0	2007	Atherogenic Endothelial Cell eNOS and ET-1 Responses to Asynchronous Hemodynamics are Mitigated by Conjugated Linoleic Acid.	Linoleic Acid	110-123	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
17354222-0	2007	Involvement of PPAR gamma and E-cadherin/beta-catenin pathway in the antiproliferative effect of conjugated linoleic acid in MCF-7 cells.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	15-25
17354222-0	2007	Involvement of PPAR gamma and E-cadherin/beta-catenin pathway in the antiproliferative effect of conjugated linoleic acid in MCF-7 cells.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	30-40
17354222-0	2007	Involvement of PPAR gamma and E-cadherin/beta-catenin pathway in the antiproliferative effect of conjugated linoleic acid in MCF-7 cells.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	41-53
17869078-4	2007	In contrast to the pro-atherosclerotic effects of 15-LOX, there is also a broad line of evidence that 15-LOX metabolites of arachidonic and linoleic acid have anti-inflammatory effects.	Linoleic Acid	140-153	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B	Homo sapiens	102-108
17603933-0	2007	Inhibition of the peroxidation of linoleic acid by the flavonoid quercetin within their complex with human serum albumin.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	albumin	Homo sapiens	107-120
17603933-1	2007	This work provides a quantitative kinetic analysis of oxidative pathways involving linoleic acid and the common dietary antioxidant quercetin (flavonoid), both bound to human serum albumin (HSA).	Linoleic Acid	83-96	albumin	Homo sapiens	175-188
17420955-1	2007	Microsomal oleic acid desaturase (FAD2) catalyzes the first extra-plastidial desaturation in plants, converting oleic acid to linoleic acid, which is a major constituent in all cellular membranes as well as in seed storage oils.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 2	Sesamum indicum	34-38
17551762-2	2007	Long chain PUFA are produced through elongation and desaturation reactions from their precursors; the desaturation reactions are catalyzed by different enzymes: the conversion of 18:2n-6 (linoleic acid, LA) to 18:3n-6 by Delta6 desaturase, while that of 20:3n-6 to 20:4n-6 by Delta5 desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	188-201	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	227-238
17551762-2	2007	Long chain PUFA are produced through elongation and desaturation reactions from their precursors; the desaturation reactions are catalyzed by different enzymes: the conversion of 18:2n-6 (linoleic acid, LA) to 18:3n-6 by Delta6 desaturase, while that of 20:3n-6 to 20:4n-6 by Delta5 desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	188-201	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	282-293
17442494-4	2007	The kinetic study indicates that linoleoyl-lysoPA and linoleoyl-lysoPC are no less efficient than linoleic acid as substrates of reticulocyte LOX as well as leukocyte LOX.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 2	Solanum tuberosum	142-145
17468887-1	2007	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is an enzyme responsible for the production of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid in ruminant fats, and for the synthesis of palmitoleoyl-CoA and oleoyl-CoA.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	0-23
17259656-0	2007	The t10,c12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid stimulates mammary tumorigenesis in transgenic mice over-expressing erbB2 in the mammary epithelium.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	115-120
17456471-4	2007	We found that both oxLDL and oxidized linoleic acid derivatives indirectly up-regulated CASMC CX3CL1 at both the protein and mRNA levels through an autocrine feedback loop involving tumor necrosis factor alpha production and NF-kappaB signaling.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	94-100
17456471-4	2007	We found that both oxLDL and oxidized linoleic acid derivatives indirectly up-regulated CASMC CX3CL1 at both the protein and mRNA levels through an autocrine feedback loop involving tumor necrosis factor alpha production and NF-kappaB signaling.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	182-209
17550264-4	2007	The aim of the study was to test the effect of CLAs and linoleic acid on 5- and 15-lipoxygenase (5-LO, 15-LO-1) enzyme activity, their mRNA expression, and concentration in the cells.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	73-95
17510671-1	2007	The effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a popular weight-loss supplement, on insulin sensitivity in humans is controversial and has not been extensively studied.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	insulin	Homo sapiens	83-90
17337722-0	2007	Feedback activation of ferrous 5-lipoxygenase during leukotriene synthesis by coexisting linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	31-45
17468887-1	2007	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is an enzyme responsible for the production of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid in ruminant fats, and for the synthesis of palmitoleoyl-CoA and oleoyl-CoA.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	25-28
17466453-0	2007	Intracerebroventricular administration of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits food intake by decreasing gene expression of NPY and AgRP.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
17400188-0	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis of murine mammary tumor cells via Bcl-2 loss.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	77-82
17386921-0	2007	Leptin-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 secretion is suppressed by trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	leptin	Mus musculus	0-6
17386921-0	2007	Leptin-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 secretion is suppressed by trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	15-41
17386921-3	2007	The present study is designed to evaluate whether trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t-CLA) can suppress leptin-induced MMP-2 secretion in 3T3-L1 cells.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	clasper	Mus musculus	94-97
17386921-3	2007	The present study is designed to evaluate whether trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t-CLA) can suppress leptin-induced MMP-2 secretion in 3T3-L1 cells.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	leptin	Mus musculus	112-118
17386921-3	2007	The present study is designed to evaluate whether trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t-CLA) can suppress leptin-induced MMP-2 secretion in 3T3-L1 cells.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	127-132
17466453-0	2007	Intracerebroventricular administration of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits food intake by decreasing gene expression of NPY and AgRP.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	agouti related neuropeptide	Rattus norvegicus	135-139
17545695-7	2007	A multiple regression analysis showed that, especially in the middle tertile of long-chain n-3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) intake, CRP was inversely related to the intake of oleic acid and linoleic acid in both sexes and to the intake of alpha-linolenic acid in women.	Linoleic Acid	216-229	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	158-161
17545695-8	2007	CONCLUSION: Intakes of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid would reduce serum CRP, especially when the intake of long-chain n-3 PUFAs is at a moderate level in Japanese.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	94-97
17274015-1	2007	This paper reports a specific reaction parameter (SRP) PM3/d model for iron that can reproduce the DFT/MM results of the hydrogen abstraction reaction from the C11 position of linoleic acid by the Soybean lipoxygenase-1 enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	maturation protein PM3	Glycine max	55-58
16963252-0	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits Caco-2 cell growth via ERK-MAPK signaling pathway.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	57-60
16963252-0	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits Caco-2 cell growth via ERK-MAPK signaling pathway.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	61-65
16963252-8	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid reduced expression levels of Raf-1 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of the downstream transcription factor c-myc.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	54-59
16963252-8	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid reduced expression levels of Raf-1 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of the downstream transcription factor c-myc.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	83-89
16963252-8	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid reduced expression levels of Raf-1 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of the downstream transcription factor c-myc.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	184-189
17274015-1	2007	This paper reports a specific reaction parameter (SRP) PM3/d model for iron that can reproduce the DFT/MM results of the hydrogen abstraction reaction from the C11 position of linoleic acid by the Soybean lipoxygenase-1 enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	176-189	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	205-219
16490375-5	2007	Rats possessing high levels of circulating PRL showed a significant decrease of linoleic acid in the fatty acid pattern of total and polar liver microsomal lipids.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
17300229-0	2007	Testosterone metabolism to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and synthesis of sebaceous lipids is regulated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand linoleic acid in human sebocytes.	Linoleic Acid	158-171	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	108-150
17321040-0	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits glucose metabolism, leptin and adiponectin secretion in primary cultured rat adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	54-60
17321040-0	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits glucose metabolism, leptin and adiponectin secretion in primary cultured rat adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	65-76
17321040-1	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation has been reported to induce insulin resistance in animals and humans, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	insulin	Homo sapiens	75-82
17237258-4	2007	Glucuronides with Rf (retention factor) values corresponding to the glucuronides of linoleic and arachidonic acid were detected when HLM and HEK293 cell lysates were incubated with radiolabeled cofactor, and the intensity of the bands was modulated by the presence of crude HSA (increased) and BSA or HSA-FAF (decreased).	Linoleic Acid	84-92	ubiquitin specific peptidase 9 X-linked	Homo sapiens	305-308
17237258-5	2007	Oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acid inhibited AZT and 4MU glucuronidation by HLM and/or UGT2B7, due to an increase in Km/S50 without a change in Vmax.	Linoleic Acid	7-15	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7	Homo sapiens	90-96
17214971-4	2007	In-R1-G9 hamster glucagonoma cells respond dose-dependently to linoleic acid stimulation by elevated phosphatidyl inositol hydrolysis and glucagon release and the cells become increasingly responsive to fatty acid stimulation when overexpressing GPR40.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	free fatty acid receptor 1	Mus musculus	246-251
17214971-5	2007	Isolated mouse islets also secrete glucagon in response to linoleic acid, a response that was abolished by antisense treatment against GPR40.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	free fatty acid receptor 1	Mus musculus	135-140
17540578-0	2007	Upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression by trans10-cis12 conjugated linoleic acid enhances phagocytosis of RAW macrophages via a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	16-43
17327424-3	2007	The potential antidiabetic effect of cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) was determined, focusing on the molecular markers of insulin sensitivity and inflammation in adipose tissue of ob/ob C57BL-6 mice.	Linoleic Acid	64-77	clasper	Mus musculus	86-89
17327424-4	2007	Feeding a c9,t11-CLA-enriched diet reduced fasting glucose (P &lt; 0.05), insulin (P &lt; 0.05), and triacylglycerol concentrations (P &lt; 0.01) and increased adipose tissue plasma membrane GLUT4 (P &lt; 0.05) and insulin receptor (P &lt; 0.05) expression compared with the control linoleic acid-enriched diet.	Linoleic Acid	283-296	complement component 9	Mus musculus	10-20
17327424-6	2007	To define whether these observations were direct effects of the nutrient intervention, complimentary cell culture studies showed that c9,t11-CLA inhibited tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced downregulation of insulin receptor substrate 1 and GLUT4 mRNA expression and promoted insulin-stimulated glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	349-362	complement component 9	Mus musculus	134-182
17540578-0	2007	Upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression by trans10-cis12 conjugated linoleic acid enhances phagocytosis of RAW macrophages via a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	83-96	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	144-192
17540578-1	2007	The aim of this study was to examine whether tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha expression in the phagocytic activity of RAW macrophages by trans10-cis12 (10t-12c) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is associated with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) activation.	Linoleic Acid	174-187	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	45-78
16950795-0	2007	cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid down-regulates phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation and subsequent COX-2 expression in hairless mouse skin by targeting IkappaB kinase and PI3K-Akt.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	77-86
17060413-14	2007	Except for 15:1, milk fatty acids with &lt;18 carbons were greatest (P &lt; or = 0.01) for cows fed control, whereas milk from cows fed linoleate had the greatest (P &lt; or = 0.02) 18:1trans-11, 18:2n-6, and cis-9, trans-11 CLA.	Linoleic Acid	136-145	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	117-121
16950795-0	2007	cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid down-regulates phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation and subsequent COX-2 expression in hairless mouse skin by targeting IkappaB kinase and PI3K-Akt.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	113-118
16950795-0	2007	cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid down-regulates phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation and subsequent COX-2 expression in hairless mouse skin by targeting IkappaB kinase and PI3K-Akt.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	190-193
17244489-3	2007	The oxidation of linoleic acid showed a typical lag phase in the pre-steady state of the lipoxygenase reaction at pH 7.5 in the presence of 0.25% Tween-20 detergent.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase4	Zea mays	89-101
17164980-1	2007	The objective of this study was to assess the effect of conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLAs) on the expression and activity of phospholipases A(2) (PLA(2)) in human macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	151-157
17164980-5	2007	Conjugated linoleic acid isomers can significantly reduce the activity of PLA(2) in macrophages and downregulate sPLA(2) expression.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	74-80
17050906-0	2007	Maintenance of adiponectin attenuates insulin resistance induced by dietary conjugated linoleic acid in mice.	Linoleic Acid	87-100	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	15-26
17244489-6	2007	To our knowledge, the initial burst in the oxidation of linoleic acid at pH 6.2 is the first observation in the lipoxygenase reaction.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase4	Zea mays	112-124
17244489-8	2007	An inverse correlation of the initial burst period with enzyme levels and interpretations on kinetic constants suggested that the observed initial burst in the oxidation of linoleic acid could be due to the availability of free fatty acids as substrates for binding with the lipoxygenase enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	173-186	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase4	Zea mays	275-287
17217567-1	2007	Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) has been shown to alter immune function.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	50-53
17227078-1	2007	Dodecyl gallate inhibited the soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, type-1) catalyzed peroxidation of linoleic acid with an IC50 of 0.007 microM without being oxidized.	Linoleic Acid	103-116	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	38-52
17141191-0	2007	Isomer specific effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on macrophage ABCG1 transcription by a SREBP-1c dependent mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1	Homo sapiens	66-71
17141191-0	2007	Isomer specific effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on macrophage ABCG1 transcription by a SREBP-1c dependent mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	91-99
17536189-1	2007	AIMS AND METHODS: This study investigated the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the body weight, fat deposition and the expression of stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) in the livers of male ICR mice that were fed with either beef tallow (BT) or fish oil (FO) supplemented with CLA.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	179-183
17179821-0	2007	The alteration of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression by linoleic acid and fenofibrate in HepG2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	18-51
17179821-1	2007	The present study investigated the influence of linoleic acid and fenofibrate on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression in HepG2 cells and the mechanism possibly involved.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	81-114
17179821-1	2007	The present study investigated the influence of linoleic acid and fenofibrate on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression in HepG2 cells and the mechanism possibly involved.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	116-121
17179821-4	2007	The PAI-1 expression in mRNA and protein level was significantly induced by linoleic acid, but suppressed by fenofibrate.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
17179821-5	2007	In the HepG2 cells transfected with PAI-pCAT plasmid, the PAI-1 transcription activity was significantly induced by linoleic acid, but suppressed by fenofibrate.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
17179821-6	2007	Under transfection with del1-PAI-pCAT, both linoleic acid and fenofibrate increased the PAI-1 transcriptional activity; whereas in those cells transfected with del2-PAI-pCAT, fenofibrate significantly reduced PAI-1 transcriptional activity but no change was found with linoleic acid stimulation.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	EGF like repeats and discoidin domains 3	Homo sapiens	24-28
17179821-6	2007	Under transfection with del1-PAI-pCAT, both linoleic acid and fenofibrate increased the PAI-1 transcriptional activity; whereas in those cells transfected with del2-PAI-pCAT, fenofibrate significantly reduced PAI-1 transcriptional activity but no change was found with linoleic acid stimulation.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
17179821-6	2007	Under transfection with del1-PAI-pCAT, both linoleic acid and fenofibrate increased the PAI-1 transcriptional activity; whereas in those cells transfected with del2-PAI-pCAT, fenofibrate significantly reduced PAI-1 transcriptional activity but no change was found with linoleic acid stimulation.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	209-214
17179821-7	2007	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha may be one of transcription factors playing a role in the upregulation of PAI-1 gene expression by linoleic acid in HepG2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	148-161	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	0-48
17179821-7	2007	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha may be one of transcription factors playing a role in the upregulation of PAI-1 gene expression by linoleic acid in HepG2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	148-161	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	123-128
18001219-0	2007	Cyclooxygenase-2 promoter activation by the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor in breast cancer mcf-7 cells: repressive effects of conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	137-150	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
18001219-5	2007	Conversely, the cotreatment with TCDD plus a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or selected CLA isomers prevented (CLAmix = t10,c12-CLA &gt; c9,t11-CLA) the induction of transcription from the COX-2 promoter.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	82-85
18001219-5	2007	Conversely, the cotreatment with TCDD plus a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or selected CLA isomers prevented (CLAmix = t10,c12-CLA &gt; c9,t11-CLA) the induction of transcription from the COX-2 promoter.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	200-205
17892040-2	2007	To EFA-s belongs: linoleic acid (LA) (18:2,cis detla(9,12), omega6)--precursor o f gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) (18:3,cisA6,9,12, )6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)(18:3,cisdelta(9, 12, 15), omega3)--product of dehydrogenation of linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	18-31	galactosidase alpha	Homo sapiens	105-108
17123808-8	2007	Linoleic and eicosadienoic acid could be helpful for maintaining sleep because they are precursors of the sleep mediator PGD2.	Linoleic Acid	0-8	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	121-125
17085514-7	2007	NtDES1 has the potential to act in combination with NtLOX1 because, in the presence of the two enzymes, linoleic and linolenic acids were converted in vitro into colneleic and colnelenic acids, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	104-112	9-divinyl ether synthase	Nicotiana tabacum	0-6
17085514-7	2007	NtDES1 has the potential to act in combination with NtLOX1 because, in the presence of the two enzymes, linoleic and linolenic acids were converted in vitro into colneleic and colnelenic acids, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	104-112	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Nicotiana tabacum	52-58
17892040-2	2007	To EFA-s belongs: linoleic acid (LA) (18:2,cis detla(9,12), omega6)--precursor o f gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) (18:3,cisA6,9,12, )6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)(18:3,cisdelta(9, 12, 15), omega3)--product of dehydrogenation of linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	18-31	galactosidase alpha	Homo sapiens	83-109
17892040-2	2007	To EFA-s belongs: linoleic acid (LA) (18:2,cis detla(9,12), omega6)--precursor o f gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) (18:3,cisA6,9,12, )6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)(18:3,cisdelta(9, 12, 15), omega3)--product of dehydrogenation of linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	256-269	galactosidase alpha	Homo sapiens	105-108
17176111-13	2006	Comparison of the activities of 9(Z)-octadecenoic acid and 12(Z)-octadecenoic acid implies that the two double bonds of linoleic acid contribute almost equally to the C-H bond-breaking step in the normal lipoxygenase reaction.	Linoleic Acid	120-133	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	204-216
17484206-0	2007	[Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on expression of GLUT4 protein in skeletal muscle of insulin resistant rat].	Linoleic Acid	23-36	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
17484206-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) protein in skeletal muscle of insulin resistant rat, and explore the mechanism of resisting diabetes by CLA.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	83-104
17484206-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) protein in skeletal muscle of insulin resistant rat, and explore the mechanism of resisting diabetes by CLA.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
17084379-0	2006	Down-regulation of PPARgamma2-induced adipogenesis by PEGylated conjugated linoleic acid as the pro-drug: Attenuation of lipid accumulation and reduction of apoptosis.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	19-29
17190681-0	2006	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid enhances spleen PPAR-gamma mRNA expression in broiler chicks.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	49-59
16530768-0	2006	Selective effect of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on atherosclerotic lesion development in apolipoprotein E knockout mice.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	94-110
17168669-8	2006	Gamma linolenic acid (GLA, all cis 6, 9, 12-Octadecatrienoic acid, C18:3, n-6), is produced in the body from linoleic acid (all cis 6,9-octadecadienoic acid), an essential fatty acid of omega-6 series by the enzyme delta-6-desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	215-233
17067544-3	2006	The greater part of the hydroperoxy derivative was found to contain hydroperoxide group at C-13 rather than C-9, consistent with the position specificity of soybean lipoxygenase-1 in oxygenation of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	198-211	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	165-179
17117812-0	2006	Detection of free radical transfer in lipoxygenase I-B-catalyzed linoleic acid-soybean protein interaction by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR).	Linoleic Acid	65-78	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	38-54
17117812-1	2006	Effects of lipoxygenase I-B (LOX)-catalyzed oxidation of linoleic acid on soybean proteins was evaluated by electron spin resonance (ESR) and fluorescence spectroscopy in different model systems in the presence or absence of antioxidants.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	11-27
17117812-1	2006	Effects of lipoxygenase I-B (LOX)-catalyzed oxidation of linoleic acid on soybean proteins was evaluated by electron spin resonance (ESR) and fluorescence spectroscopy in different model systems in the presence or absence of antioxidants.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	29-32
16930961-7	2006	GW501516 and linoleic acid, the well-known ligands of PPARdelta, increased the binding between PPARdelta and co-activators in a ligand dose-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	54-63
16930961-7	2006	GW501516 and linoleic acid, the well-known ligands of PPARdelta, increased the binding between PPARdelta and co-activators in a ligand dose-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	95-104
16957181-0	2006	Upregulation of liver VLDL receptor and FAT/CD36 expression in LDLR-/- apoB100/100 mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	119-132	CD320 antigen	Mus musculus	22-26
16957181-0	2006	Upregulation of liver VLDL receptor and FAT/CD36 expression in LDLR-/- apoB100/100 mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	119-132	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	63-67
16957181-1	2006	This study explores the mechanisms responsible for the fatty liver setup in mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA), hypothesizing that an induction of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression is associated with lipid accumulation.	Linoleic Acid	112-125	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	175-207
16957181-1	2006	This study explores the mechanisms responsible for the fatty liver setup in mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA), hypothesizing that an induction of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression is associated with lipid accumulation.	Linoleic Acid	112-125	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	209-213
17117812-6	2006	This paper clearly indicates direct free radical transfer from oxidizing linoleic acid catalyzed by LOX to soybean proteins.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	100-103
17067544-7	2006	In comparison, linoleoyl-lysoPC was no less efficient than linoleic acid as a substrate of soybean lipoxygenase-1.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	99-113
16962614-10	2006	In parallel with the observed biological activity metabolic analysis of oxylipids showed that inhibition of sEH resulted with a decrease in PGD2 levels and sEH generated degradation products of linoleic and arachidonic acid metabolites with a concomitant increase in epoxides of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	194-202	epoxide hydrolase 2	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
16962614-10	2006	In parallel with the observed biological activity metabolic analysis of oxylipids showed that inhibition of sEH resulted with a decrease in PGD2 levels and sEH generated degradation products of linoleic and arachidonic acid metabolites with a concomitant increase in epoxides of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	194-202	epoxide hydrolase 2	Rattus norvegicus	156-159
16962614-10	2006	In parallel with the observed biological activity metabolic analysis of oxylipids showed that inhibition of sEH resulted with a decrease in PGD2 levels and sEH generated degradation products of linoleic and arachidonic acid metabolites with a concomitant increase in epoxides of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	279-292	epoxide hydrolase 2	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
16962614-10	2006	In parallel with the observed biological activity metabolic analysis of oxylipids showed that inhibition of sEH resulted with a decrease in PGD2 levels and sEH generated degradation products of linoleic and arachidonic acid metabolites with a concomitant increase in epoxides of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	279-292	epoxide hydrolase 2	Rattus norvegicus	156-159
16563718-0	2006	Linoleic acid induces proinflammatory events in vascular endothelial cells via activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	98-101
17065351-9	2006	Stearate activated NFkappaB and linoleate impaired stearate-induced NFkappaB activation.	Linoleic Acid	32-41	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	68-76
17053429-3	2006	This review has appraised the evidence in relation to the effect of conjugated linoleic acid on components of the metabolic syndrome (clinically or experimentally), in particular, obesity, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and inflammation.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	insulin	Homo sapiens	189-196
16517148-1	2006	Previous work demonstrated that feeding commercial preparations of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) [a 50:50 mixture of c9,t11 and t10,c12 CLA (cCLA)] partially overcame lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced growth depression.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	transport and golgi organization 2	Mus musculus	129-140
16563718-0	2006	Linoleic acid induces proinflammatory events in vascular endothelial cells via activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	106-112
17056794-0	2006	Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid inhibits prolactin-induced cytosolic NADP+ -dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	prolactin	Bos taurus	51-60
17032029-2	2006	The peroxidation of free linoleic or linolenic acid by action of lipoxygenase and then the lysis of the resulting hydroperoxides, through a reaction catalyzed by the hydroperoxide lyase, are the most determinant steps of this pathway.	Linoleic Acid	25-33	lipoxygenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	65-77
17169317-4	2006	Second, C18:2n-6 at high concentration was confirmed to saturate its own isomerisation and the increase of CLA production due to high initial C18:2n-6 was shown to inhibit the two subsequent reductions.	Linoleic Acid	8-16	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	107-110
17169317-4	2006	Second, C18:2n-6 at high concentration was confirmed to saturate its own isomerisation and the increase of CLA production due to high initial C18:2n-6 was shown to inhibit the two subsequent reductions.	Linoleic Acid	142-150	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	107-110
16877747-1	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a naturally occurring peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) ligand, exhibits proapoptotic, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	54-102
16877747-1	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a naturally occurring peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) ligand, exhibits proapoptotic, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	104-114
17032029-2	2006	The peroxidation of free linoleic or linolenic acid by action of lipoxygenase and then the lysis of the resulting hydroperoxides, through a reaction catalyzed by the hydroperoxide lyase, are the most determinant steps of this pathway.	Linoleic Acid	25-33	lyase	Arabidopsis thaliana	180-185
17002473-0	2006	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid lowered tumor necrosis factor-alpha content and altered expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle of Zucker rats.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	41-68
16899083-4	2006	StAOS3 is distinguished from the other two AOS isoforms in potato by its high substrate specificity for 9-hydroperoxides of linoleic and linolenic acid, compared with 13-hydroperoxides, which are only poor substrates.	Linoleic Acid	124-132	9-divinyl ether synthase-like	Solanum tuberosum	0-6
16962937-6	2006	Oleic, linoleic, and gamma-linolenic acids inhibited the myeloperoxidase activity in stimulated neutrophils.	Linoleic Acid	7-15	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	57-72
16962937-8	2006	Oleic, linoleic, and gamma-linolenic acids per se led to cytochrome c reduction and so this method also cannot be used to measure ROS production induced by fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	7-15	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	57-69
16862401-3	2006	FAD2 codes for extra-plastidial FAD2 desaturase, which catalyzes the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 2	Sesamum indicum	0-4
16862401-3	2006	FAD2 codes for extra-plastidial FAD2 desaturase, which catalyzes the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 2	Sesamum indicum	32-36
16908643-7	2006	Dietary effects on fatty acid profile of the milk fat suggested that linoleate supplementation might have decreased de novo lipogenesis while increasing uptake of dietary fatty acids; this effect was consistent with a trend toward greater LPL mRNA for linoleate-fed cows (P = 0.09).	Linoleic Acid	69-78	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	239-242
16908643-7	2006	Dietary effects on fatty acid profile of the milk fat suggested that linoleate supplementation might have decreased de novo lipogenesis while increasing uptake of dietary fatty acids; this effect was consistent with a trend toward greater LPL mRNA for linoleate-fed cows (P = 0.09).	Linoleic Acid	252-261	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	239-242
16908772-2	2006	METHODS AND RESULTS: Here, we show that oxidized linoleic acid metabolites, which are components of oxidized LDL found in large amounts in atherosclerotic plaque, were able to specifically induce differentiation of human monocytes to macrophages with decreased expression of CCR2, confirming a previous report, and increased expression of CX3CR1.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	C-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	275-279
16896890-0	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid reduced metastasized LL2 tumors in mouse peritoneum.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxiredoxin 2, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	46-49
16908772-2	2006	METHODS AND RESULTS: Here, we show that oxidized linoleic acid metabolites, which are components of oxidized LDL found in large amounts in atherosclerotic plaque, were able to specifically induce differentiation of human monocytes to macrophages with decreased expression of CCR2, confirming a previous report, and increased expression of CX3CR1.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	339-345
16621025-0	2006	Induction of interleukin-8 expression in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells by trans10-cis12 conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	112-125	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	13-26
16876396-7	2006	This flux may in the fetus augment de novo synthesis of fatty acids, which not only dilutes transplacentally transported EFA/LCP, but also causes competition of de novo synthesized oleic acid with linoleic acid for delta-6 desaturation.	Linoleic Acid	197-210	kelch domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	125-128
16840630-9	2006	Milk fat from cows fed DG, especially 20% DG, was more unsaturated and contained more cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid than when fed the control diet.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
16873694-5	2006	While linoleic acid inhibited Akt-mediated eNOS phosphorylation, palmitic acid appeared to affect the upstream signaling.	Linoleic Acid	6-19	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
16702987-7	2006	GW9508 and linoleic acid both stimulated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells expressing GPR40 (pEC50 values of 7.32+/-0.03 and 5.65+/-0.06, respectively) or GPR120 (pEC50 values of 5.46+/-0.09 and 5.89+/-0.04, respectively), but not in the parent HEK-293 cell line.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	free fatty acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	125-130
16702601-0	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7 cells by modulating RANKL signaling.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11	Mus musculus	93-98
16829183-0	2006	Cytokine-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells involves platelet-activating factor: suppression by conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	119-132	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	65-91
16702987-7	2006	GW9508 and linoleic acid both stimulated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells expressing GPR40 (pEC50 values of 7.32+/-0.03 and 5.65+/-0.06, respectively) or GPR120 (pEC50 values of 5.46+/-0.09 and 5.89+/-0.04, respectively), but not in the parent HEK-293 cell line.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	194-200
16702987-9	2006	GW1100 dose dependently inhibited GPR40-mediated Ca2+ elevations stimulated by GW9508 and linoleic acid (pIC50 values of 5.99+/-0.03 and 5.99+/-0.06, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	90-103	free fatty acid receptor 1	Mus musculus	34-39
16823888-3	2006	It exhibited Delta12 fatty acid desaturase activity when expressed in S. cerevisiae under the control of ADH1 promoter and produced endogenous linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	143-156	alcohol dehydrogenase ADH1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	105-109
16784241-1	2006	Recent data has shown that nitrolinoleic acid (LNO(2)), an electrophilic derivative of linoleic acid, has several important bioactivities including antiinflammatory, antiplatelet, vasorelaxation, and-as a novel potent ligand of PPARgamma-transcription regulating activities.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	228-237
16768833-0	2006	trans-10,cis-12 Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits lipoprotein lipase but increases the activity of lipogenic enzymes in adipose tissue from hamsters fed an atherogenic diet.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	50-68
16768833-1	2006	The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the activity and expression of lipogenic enzymes and lipoprotein lipase (LPL), as well as on the expression of transcriptional factors controlling these enzymes, in adipose tissue from hamsters, and to evaluate the involvement of these changes in the body fat-reducing effect of this CLA isomer.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	165-183
16869987-0	2006	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and protein phosphatase 2A are involved in the antiproliferative activity of conjugated linoleic acid in MCF-7 cells.	Linoleic Acid	130-143	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-41
16772575-0	2006	Trans-10, trans-12 conjugated linoleic acid does not affect milk fat yield but reduces delta9-desaturase index in dairy cows.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	87-104
16219313-7	2006	In addition, both CLA isomers and linoleic acid slightly increased PPARgamma DNA-binding activity, but did not alter DNA-binding activity of NF-kappaB.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	67-76
16520488-0	2006	The linoleic acid derivative DCP-LA selectively activates PKC-epsilon, possibly binding to the phosphatidylserine binding site.	Linoleic Acid	4-17	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	58-69
16216487-3	2006	This study was conducted to check whether the primary lipid peroxidation product of linoleic acid, 13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid (13-HPODE), might be involved in the PPARalpha-activating effect of oxidized fats.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	177-186
16823888-5	2006	It exhibited omega3 fatty acid desaturase activity in S. cerevisiae when expressed under the control of ADH1 promoter in the presence of the exogenous substrate linoleic acid and produced alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	161-174	alcohol dehydrogenase ADH1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	104-108
16698019-2	2006	In the present study the effect of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, arachidonic, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids on NF-kappaB activity and NO production in J774 cells (a murine macrophage cell line) was investigated.	Linoleic Acid	61-69	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	130-139
16713388-6	2006	This is especially true for conjugated TFA, i.e. conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which clearly impairs insulin sensitivity.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	insulin	Homo sapiens	103-110
16603123-1	2006	The bovine stearoyl-CoA desaturase (Scd) gene plays an important role in the bovine mammary gland where substrates such as stearic and vaccenic acids are converted to oleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), respectively.	Linoleic Acid	193-206	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	11-34
16603123-1	2006	The bovine stearoyl-CoA desaturase (Scd) gene plays an important role in the bovine mammary gland where substrates such as stearic and vaccenic acids are converted to oleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), respectively.	Linoleic Acid	193-206	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	36-39
16603126-3	2006	ZmPUMP activity was associated with a linoleic acid (LA)-mediated H(+) efflux with K(m) of 56.36+/-0.27microM and V(max) of 66.9micromolH(+)min(-1)(mgprot)(-1).	Linoleic Acid	38-51	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1	Zea mays	0-6
16571147-1	2006	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a key enzyme that determines the composition and metabolic fate of ingested fatty acids, in particular the conversion of trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	194-207	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	0-23
16286461-0	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid stimulates an anti-tumorigenic protein NAG-1 in an isomer specific manner.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	growth differentiation factor 15	Homo sapiens	64-69
16606723-0	2006	A conjugated linoleic acid supplement containing trans-10, cis-12 reduces milk fat synthesis in lactating sheep.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	74-78
16606723-1	2006	The efficacy of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements containing trans-10, cis-12 for reducing milk fat synthesis has been well documented in dairy cows, but studies with other ruminant species are less convincing, and there have been no investigations of this in sheep.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	100-104
16580574-1	2006	BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to determine whether the beneficial effect of oral supplementation with calcium and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in the reduction of the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is related with changes in plasma levels of prostanoids, renin, angiotensin II, calciotropic hormones, and plasma and intracellular ionized free calcium.	Linoleic Acid	140-153	pregnancy-induced hypertension (pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, toxemia of pregnancy included)	Homo sapiens	229-232
16921753-1	2006	OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of conjugated linoleic acid on gene expression of fatty acid binding proteins (ap2) in white obesity tissue of rats with insulin resistance, and explore the mechanism of resisting diabetes by CLA.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	fatty acid binding protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	110-113
16571147-1	2006	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a key enzyme that determines the composition and metabolic fate of ingested fatty acids, in particular the conversion of trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	194-207	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	25-28
16571152-1	2006	Evidence from animal studies suggests that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) modulates plasma and tissue appearance of newly synthesized PUFA.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	134-138
16523009-0	2006	Chronic but not acute conjugated linoleic acid treatment inhibits deoxycholic acid-induced protein kinase C and nuclear factor-kappaB activation in human colorectal cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	91-107
16371355-9	2006	Cells overexpressing ACSBG2 had increased ability to activate oleic acid (C18:1omega9) and linoleic acid (C18:2omega6) but not other fatty acid substrates tested.	Linoleic Acid	91-104	acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 2	Homo sapiens	21-27
16543578-7	2006	Calves from linoleate-supplemented cows had a decrease (P = 0.04) in total antibody production in response to ovalbumin and appeared to have a delayed response to antigen challenge.	Linoleic Acid	12-21	ovalbumin	Bos taurus	110-119
16532476-1	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which is found in dairy products, reduces synthesis of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a major role in tumor-induced skeletal muscle wasting (SMW).	Linoleic Acid	11-24	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	87-114
16532476-1	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which is found in dairy products, reduces synthesis of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a major role in tumor-induced skeletal muscle wasting (SMW).	Linoleic Acid	11-24	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	116-120
16362414-0	2006	Peritoneal metastasis inhibition by linoleic acid with activation of PPARgamma in human gastrointestinal cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	69-78
15885890-0	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through ERK/MAPK signalling and mitochondrial pathway.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	85-88
15885890-0	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through ERK/MAPK signalling and mitochondrial pathway.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	89-93
16288226-0	2006	Oxidative metabolism of linoleic acid modulates PPAR-beta/delta suppression of PPAR-gamma activity.	Linoleic Acid	24-37	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	48-57
16537525-5	2006	This induction of HO-1 occurred within clinical LNO(2) concentration ranges, far exceeded responses to equimolar amounts of linoleic acid and oxidized linoleic acid, and rivaled that induced by hemin.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
16537525-5	2006	This induction of HO-1 occurred within clinical LNO(2) concentration ranges, far exceeded responses to equimolar amounts of linoleic acid and oxidized linoleic acid, and rivaled that induced by hemin.	Linoleic Acid	151-164	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
16188363-0	2006	Contribution of conjugated linoleic acid to the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and transcription factor activation in stimulated mouse mesangial cells.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	63-94
15885896-5	2006	In addition, we stimulated CRL-1790 cell line with linoleic acid (a polyunsaturated fatty acid) for 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Cell proliferation was elevated by 5, 25, 28 and 31% (P&lt;0.05), respectively.	Linoleic Acid	51-64	interleukin 31 receptor A	Homo sapiens	27-30
16288226-0	2006	Oxidative metabolism of linoleic acid modulates PPAR-beta/delta suppression of PPAR-gamma activity.	Linoleic Acid	24-37	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	79-89
16288226-5	2006	13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE), the main product of 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) metabolism of linoleic acid, downregulates PPAR-b/d.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	66-83
16288226-5	2006	13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE), the main product of 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) metabolism of linoleic acid, downregulates PPAR-b/d.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	85-93
16478242-4	2006	Oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) showed PEP inhibitory activities (IC50 values of 23.6 +/- 0.4, 43.8 +/- 1.8, 53.4 +/- 1.2, 99.4 +/- 1.2, and 46.2 +/- 1.0 microM, respectively), indicating that they were effective PEP inhibitors, with inhibition constant (Ki) values of 26.7 +/- 0.3, 51.0 +/- 0.7, 91.3 +/- 3.1, 247.5 +/- 2.6, and 89.0 +/- 2.3 microM, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	7-15	prolyl endopeptidase	Homo sapiens	107-110
16288226-5	2006	13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE), the main product of 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) metabolism of linoleic acid, downregulates PPAR-b/d.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	138-144
16478242-4	2006	Oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) showed PEP inhibitory activities (IC50 values of 23.6 +/- 0.4, 43.8 +/- 1.8, 53.4 +/- 1.2, 99.4 +/- 1.2, and 46.2 +/- 1.0 microM, respectively), indicating that they were effective PEP inhibitors, with inhibition constant (Ki) values of 26.7 +/- 0.3, 51.0 +/- 0.7, 91.3 +/- 3.1, 247.5 +/- 2.6, and 89.0 +/- 2.3 microM, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	7-15	prolyl endopeptidase	Homo sapiens	281-284
16478242-6	2006	Dixon plots of PEP inhibition showed oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids, EPA, and DHA are noncompetitive inhibitors; despite higher IC50 values of these unsaturated fatty acids than strong natural inhibitors, they may have potential use in preventing memory loss.	Linoleic Acid	44-52	prolyl endopeptidase	Homo sapiens	15-18
16254037-12	2006	Treatment of cultured cells with GPR40-specific small interfering RNA significantly reduced the decrease in K(+) current induced by linoleic acid, whereas the cAMP-induced reduction of K(+) current was not affected.	Linoleic Acid	132-145	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	33-38
16232122-6	2006	Retention of tyrosinase in the ER was observed when cells were treated with linoleic acid in the presence of proteasome inhibitors, explaining why melanin synthesis was decreased in cells treated with linoleic acid and a proteasome inhibitor despite the abrogation of tyrosinase degradation.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	13-23
16232122-6	2006	Retention of tyrosinase in the ER was observed when cells were treated with linoleic acid in the presence of proteasome inhibitors, explaining why melanin synthesis was decreased in cells treated with linoleic acid and a proteasome inhibitor despite the abrogation of tyrosinase degradation.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	268-278
16232122-6	2006	Retention of tyrosinase in the ER was observed when cells were treated with linoleic acid in the presence of proteasome inhibitors, explaining why melanin synthesis was decreased in cells treated with linoleic acid and a proteasome inhibitor despite the abrogation of tyrosinase degradation.	Linoleic Acid	201-214	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	13-23
16232122-6	2006	Retention of tyrosinase in the ER was observed when cells were treated with linoleic acid in the presence of proteasome inhibitors, explaining why melanin synthesis was decreased in cells treated with linoleic acid and a proteasome inhibitor despite the abrogation of tyrosinase degradation.	Linoleic Acid	201-214	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	268-278
16254037-13	2006	We conclude that linoleic acid reduces the voltage-gated K(+) current in rat beta-cells through GPR40 and the cAMP-protein kinase A system, leading to an increase in [Ca(2+)](i) and insulin secretion.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-101
16424111-0	2006	Trans-10, cis-12- and cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid isomers selectively modify HDL-apolipoprotein composition in apolipoprotein E knockout mice.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	124-140
16298758-4	2006	The designed marker is constructed from tyrosine (Tyr) and linoleic acid (LA), which are attached covalently to form N-linoleoyl tyrosine (N-LT).	Linoleic Acid	59-72	solute carrier family 22 (organic anion transporter), member 7	Mus musculus	139-143
16475675-0	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) up-regulates the estrogen-regulated cancer suppressor gene, protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (PTPgama), in human breast cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type G	Homo sapiens	91-125
16475675-0	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) up-regulates the estrogen-regulated cancer suppressor gene, protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (PTPgama), in human breast cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type G	Homo sapiens	127-134
16424122-0	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid attenuates cyclooxygenase-2 transcriptional activity via an anti-AP-1 mechanism in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	36-52
16424122-0	2006	Conjugated linoleic acid attenuates cyclooxygenase-2 transcriptional activity via an anti-AP-1 mechanism in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	90-94
16424122-2	2006	In this study, we investigated the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on COX-2 transcription in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	80-85
16424122-7	2006	Binding studies revealed that the t10, c12-CLA isomer was more effective than the CLA mix or c9, t11-CLA in reducing binding of cJun to either the COX-2 CRE or collagenase-1 TRE, whereas linoleic acid increased binding to both elements.	Linoleic Acid	187-200	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	128-132
15981198-6	2006	The short-chain products identified allowed inference of the radical oxidation along the linoleic acid chain by abstraction of hydrogen atoms in carbon atoms ranging from C-8 to C-14.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	homeobox C8	Homo sapiens	171-182
17005920-5	2006	Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ZmLOX10 and ZmLOX11 cluster together with well-characterized plastidic type 2 linoleate 13-LOXs from diverse plant species.	Linoleic Acid	114-123	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase10	Zea mays	36-43
17005920-5	2006	Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ZmLOX10 and ZmLOX11 cluster together with well-characterized plastidic type 2 linoleate 13-LOXs from diverse plant species.	Linoleic Acid	114-123	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase11	Zea mays	48-55
15869788-0	2006	LPS induced tissue factor expression in the THP-1 monocyte cell line is attenuated by conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	12-25
15869788-0	2006	LPS induced tissue factor expression in the THP-1 monocyte cell line is attenuated by conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
16290114-4	2005	Both linoleic acid- and linolenic acid-enriched diets induced a decrease of beta-actin, AFP, PCNA, c-myc and of hepatocyte nuclear factors HNF-1alpha and HNF-4alpha mRNA levels in tumor tissue whereas HNF-3beta expression was induced by both dietary treatments.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	actin, beta	Rattus norvegicus	76-86
16290114-4	2005	Both linoleic acid- and linolenic acid-enriched diets induced a decrease of beta-actin, AFP, PCNA, c-myc and of hepatocyte nuclear factors HNF-1alpha and HNF-4alpha mRNA levels in tumor tissue whereas HNF-3beta expression was induced by both dietary treatments.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	alpha-fetoprotein	Rattus norvegicus	88-91
16290114-4	2005	Both linoleic acid- and linolenic acid-enriched diets induced a decrease of beta-actin, AFP, PCNA, c-myc and of hepatocyte nuclear factors HNF-1alpha and HNF-4alpha mRNA levels in tumor tissue whereas HNF-3beta expression was induced by both dietary treatments.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
16290114-4	2005	Both linoleic acid- and linolenic acid-enriched diets induced a decrease of beta-actin, AFP, PCNA, c-myc and of hepatocyte nuclear factors HNF-1alpha and HNF-4alpha mRNA levels in tumor tissue whereas HNF-3beta expression was induced by both dietary treatments.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	99-104
16303327-5	2005	Subsequently, various concentrations of cis-9,trans-11-CLA vs. linoleic acid (LA, cis-9,cis-12-octadecadienoic acid) were tested for the effect on proliferative response and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 in stimulated BEAS-2B.	Linoleic Acid	82-115	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	215-219
16290114-4	2005	Both linoleic acid- and linolenic acid-enriched diets induced a decrease of beta-actin, AFP, PCNA, c-myc and of hepatocyte nuclear factors HNF-1alpha and HNF-4alpha mRNA levels in tumor tissue whereas HNF-3beta expression was induced by both dietary treatments.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	HNF1 homeobox A	Rattus norvegicus	139-149
16290114-4	2005	Both linoleic acid- and linolenic acid-enriched diets induced a decrease of beta-actin, AFP, PCNA, c-myc and of hepatocyte nuclear factors HNF-1alpha and HNF-4alpha mRNA levels in tumor tissue whereas HNF-3beta expression was induced by both dietary treatments.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	154-164
16290114-4	2005	Both linoleic acid- and linolenic acid-enriched diets induced a decrease of beta-actin, AFP, PCNA, c-myc and of hepatocyte nuclear factors HNF-1alpha and HNF-4alpha mRNA levels in tumor tissue whereas HNF-3beta expression was induced by both dietary treatments.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	forkhead box A2	Rattus norvegicus	201-210
16357157-2	2005	The very limited current data on the role of lipoxygenase (LOX) metabolism in tumorigenesis suggests that the oxidative metabolism of linoleic and arachidonic acid possibly shifts from producing antitumorigenic 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2 products to producing protumorigenic 5-LOX and 12-LOX products.	Linoleic Acid	134-142	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	211-219
16357157-2	2005	The very limited current data on the role of lipoxygenase (LOX) metabolism in tumorigenesis suggests that the oxidative metabolism of linoleic and arachidonic acid possibly shifts from producing antitumorigenic 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2 products to producing protumorigenic 5-LOX and 12-LOX products.	Linoleic Acid	134-142	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B	Homo sapiens	224-232
21132078-1	2005	Soybean lipoxygenase-1 (SLO) catalyzes the oxidation of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	8-20
16357157-2	2005	The very limited current data on the role of lipoxygenase (LOX) metabolism in tumorigenesis suggests that the oxidative metabolism of linoleic and arachidonic acid possibly shifts from producing antitumorigenic 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2 products to producing protumorigenic 5-LOX and 12-LOX products.	Linoleic Acid	134-142	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	212-217
16357157-2	2005	The very limited current data on the role of lipoxygenase (LOX) metabolism in tumorigenesis suggests that the oxidative metabolism of linoleic and arachidonic acid possibly shifts from producing antitumorigenic 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2 products to producing protumorigenic 5-LOX and 12-LOX products.	Linoleic Acid	134-142	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	280-286
16236715-7	2005	Furthermore, G2A was activated by various oxidized derivatives of linoleic and arachidonic acids, but it was weakly activated by cholesteryl-9-HODE.	Linoleic Acid	66-74	G protein-coupled receptor 132	Homo sapiens	13-16
15986437-0	2005	PPARgamma-dependent effects of conjugated linoleic acid on the human glioblastoma cell line (ADF).	Linoleic Acid	42-55	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
15986437-0	2005	PPARgamma-dependent effects of conjugated linoleic acid on the human glioblastoma cell line (ADF).	Linoleic Acid	42-55	destrin, actin depolymerizing factor	Homo sapiens	93-96
16429828-0	2005	Conjugated linoleic acid can prevent tumor necrosis factor gene expression by inhibiting nuclear factor binding activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from weaned pigs challenged with lipopolysaccharide.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	tumor necrosis factor	Sus scrofa	37-58
16325749-0	2005	Linoleic acid, but not oleic acid, upregulates production of interleukin-8 by human vascular smooth muscle cells via arachidonic acid metabolites under conditions of oxidative stress.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	61-74
16243339-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of dietary supplementation of calcium plus conjugated linoleic acid (calcium-CLA) in reducing the incidence of vascular endothelial dysfunction in pregnant women at high risk of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).	Linoleic Acid	89-102	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	112-115
16155293-0	2005	Conjugated linoleic acid promotes human adipocyte insulin resistance through NFkappaB-dependent cytokine production.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	insulin	Homo sapiens	50-57
16155293-0	2005	Conjugated linoleic acid promotes human adipocyte insulin resistance through NFkappaB-dependent cytokine production.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	77-85
16155293-1	2005	We previously demonstrated that trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduced the triglyceride content of human adipocytes by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-related kinase (MEK/ERK) signaling via interleukins (IL) 6 and 8.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	224-227
16155293-1	2005	We previously demonstrated that trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduced the triglyceride content of human adipocytes by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-related kinase (MEK/ERK) signaling via interleukins (IL) 6 and 8.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	228-231
16155293-1	2005	We previously demonstrated that trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduced the triglyceride content of human adipocytes by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-related kinase (MEK/ERK) signaling via interleukins (IL) 6 and 8.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	247-272
16312046-0	2005	Effects of human breast stromal cells on conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) modulated vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression in MCF-7 cells.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	82-118
16280424-7	2005	CONCLUSIONS: A selective increase in plasma linoleic acid concentration and in intravascular lipolysis has a suppressive effect on peripheral T cell CD28-dependent activation, and this effect is associated with changes in plasma membrane properties.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	149-153
16312046-0	2005	Effects of human breast stromal cells on conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) modulated vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression in MCF-7 cells.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	120-126
16044321-4	2005	It was found to inhibit phosphatidyl inositol hydrolysis induced by linoleic acid (LA) (100 muM in all experiments) in HEK293 cells transfected with FFA(1)R/GPR40 and in the MIN6 subclone, MIN6c4.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	latexin	Homo sapiens	92-95
16277783-0	2005	Conjugated linoleic acid increased C-reactive protein in human subjects.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	35-53
16044321-4	2005	It was found to inhibit phosphatidyl inositol hydrolysis induced by linoleic acid (LA) (100 muM in all experiments) in HEK293 cells transfected with FFA(1)R/GPR40 and in the MIN6 subclone, MIN6c4.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	free fatty acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	149-156
16044321-4	2005	It was found to inhibit phosphatidyl inositol hydrolysis induced by linoleic acid (LA) (100 muM in all experiments) in HEK293 cells transfected with FFA(1)R/GPR40 and in the MIN6 subclone, MIN6c4.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	free fatty acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	157-162
15880444-0	2005	Inhibition of colon cancer cell proliferation by the dietary compound conjugated linoleic acid is mediated by the CDK inhibitor p21CIP1/WAF1.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	128-135
16236153-1	2005	The endoplasmic reticulum-associated oleate desaturase FAD2 (1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Delta12-desaturase) is the key enzyme responsible for the production of linoleic acid in non-photosynthetic tissues of plants.	Linoleic Acid	177-190	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	55-59
16185917-0	2005	Attenuation of breast tumor cell growth by conjugated linoleic acid via inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	86-100
16132959-12	2005	Notably, linoleate reversed palmitate"s repressive effect on PPARGC1B.	Linoleic Acid	9-18	PPARG coactivator 1 beta	Homo sapiens	61-69
16055499-0	2005	Divergent mechanisms of cis9, trans11-and trans10, cis12-conjugated linoleic acid affecting insulin resistance and inflammation in apolipoprotein E knockout mice: a proteomics approach.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	131-147
16106053-6	2005	With the present method, we, for the first time, determined the lipid alkyl radicals generated from linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid via soybean lipoxygenase-1 or the radical initiator 2,2"-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile).	Linoleic Acid	100-113	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	164-178
16210601-0	2005	Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses NF-kappa B activation and IL-12 production in dendritic cells through ERK-mediated IL-10 induction.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	36-46
16210601-0	2005	Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses NF-kappa B activation and IL-12 production in dendritic cells through ERK-mediated IL-10 induction.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	106-109
16210601-0	2005	Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses NF-kappa B activation and IL-12 production in dendritic cells through ERK-mediated IL-10 induction.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	119-124
16210601-3	2005	In this study, we examine the effects of the cis-9, trans-11 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA), a dietary PUFA found in meat and dairy products, on murine DC activation.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	clasper	Mus musculus	105-108
16186393-9	2005	On the other hand, an inhibitor of SCD1, 10,12-conjugated linoleic acid, dose dependently overcame the resistance of palmitate-resistant cells to lipoapoptosis.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	35-39
16052483-1	2005	Synthetic Conjugated Linoleic Acid mixture (CLA; c9,t11; t10,c12-18:2) has been previously shown to inhibit growth, and enhance apoptosis and IL-2 mRNA synthesis in human lymphoblastic Jurkat T-cells.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	142-146
15880444-0	2005	Inhibition of colon cancer cell proliferation by the dietary compound conjugated linoleic acid is mediated by the CDK inhibitor p21CIP1/WAF1.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	136-140
16122976-6	2005	Group X sPLA2 hydrolyzed arachidonate and linoleate containing species preferentially, while group V hydrolyzed the linoleates in preference to polyunsaturates.	Linoleic Acid	42-51	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	8-13
16140037-5	2005	Different from animal sPLA2s, AtsPLA2-alpha showed a significant preference for the acyl group linoleic acid over palmitic acid in phospholipid hydrolysis.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	Phospholipase A2 family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	30-43
16127743-0	2005	Trans-10,cis-12, not cis-9,trans-11, conjugated linoleic acid decreases ErbB3 expression in HT-29 human colon cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3	Homo sapiens	72-77
16131140-1	2005	The objective of this study was to determine whether two of the major conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, cis-9,trans-11 (c9,t11) and trans-10,cis-12 (t10,c12), are possible substrates for pulmonary 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) and, therefore, they are also involved in the production of 13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid [13(S)-HODE] in biological systems.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	225-228
16131140-4	2005	It was found that c9,t11-CLA was 25% as active as linoleic acid as a substrate for 15-LOX-1; however, t10,c12-CLA was not a substrate for 15-LOX-1 as measured by 13(S)-HODE production.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
16118274-4	2005	SCD2-deficient (Scd2-/-) neonatal mice have a skin permeability barrier defect and a specific repartitioning of linoleic acid from epidermal acylceramide species into phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	112-125	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 2	Mus musculus	16-20
16150282-0	2005	Neutrophils from pregnant women produce thromboxane and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in response to linoleic acid and oxidative stress.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	56-83
16150282-2	2005	In this study we evaluated whether linoleic acid under conditions of oxidative stress would stimulate neutrophil production of thromboxane and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	143-170
16150282-7	2005	Compared with linoleic acid, oxidizing solution enriched with linoleic acid significantly increased neutrophil production of thromboxane and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	141-168
16150282-9	2005	Indomethacin inhibited oxidizing solution enriched with linoleic acid stimulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, but so did pinane thromboxane implicating thromboxane in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha response.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	85-112
16166323-7	2005	The cGMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitors and YC-1 increased the production of 13-S-HODE, which is the linoleic acid metabolite of 15-LOX-1.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
16166323-7	2005	The cGMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitors and YC-1 increased the production of 13-S-HODE, which is the linoleic acid metabolite of 15-LOX-1.	Linoleic Acid	99-112	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	127-135
15998134-2	2005	In this study, LOXs 2 and 3 were purified and used to generate hydroperoxide (HPOD) products in an in vitro system using linoleic acid as a substrate in the presence of either air or O2.	Linoleic Acid	121-134	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-2	Glycine max	15-27
16002048-0	2005	Determination of the dissociation constants for recombinant c-Myc, Max, and DNA complexes: the inhibitory effect of linoleic acid on the DNA-binding step.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	60-65
15913294-1	2005	6[8"(Z)-pentadecenyl]salicylic acid, otherwise known as anacardic acid (C15:1), inhibited the linoleic acid peroxidation catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, type 1) with an IC50 of 6.8 microM.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	142-156
15905464-5	2005	Moreover, UCP2 inhibited the increase in ROS production and NF-kappaB activation, and apoptosis of HAECs induced by lysophophatidylcholine (LPC) and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	149-162	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	10-14
15910849-7	2005	Analytical methods revealed that both effects - stimulation of PP2Cbeta and apoptosis - were caused by free fatty acids liberated from VLDL, LDL and HDL with oleic acid and linoleic acid as major constituents.	Linoleic Acid	173-186	protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1B	Homo sapiens	63-71
15921978-3	2005	Chemo-enzymatic epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid, respectively) has been performed using hydrogen peroxide and immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica (Novozym 435).	Linoleic Acid	63-71	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	165-171
15868135-0	2005	Hyperinsulinaemia triggered by dietary conjugated linoleic acid is associated with a decrease in leptin and adiponectin plasma levels and pancreatic beta cell hyperplasia in the mouse.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	leptin	Mus musculus	97-103
15868135-0	2005	Hyperinsulinaemia triggered by dietary conjugated linoleic acid is associated with a decrease in leptin and adiponectin plasma levels and pancreatic beta cell hyperplasia in the mouse.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	108-119
15731493-6	2005	Similarly, elevation of other common FFA such as oleic and linoleic acid also induce IKKbeta activation and inhibit insulin-mediated eNOS activation.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta	Bos taurus	85-92
15888570-0	2005	Functional genomic characterization of delipidation elicited by trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) in a polygenic obese line of mice.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	clasper	Mus musculus	114-117
15731493-6	2005	Similarly, elevation of other common FFA such as oleic and linoleic acid also induce IKKbeta activation and inhibit insulin-mediated eNOS activation.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	insulin	Bos taurus	116-123
15469957-0	2005	Oxidized linoleic acid regulates expression and shedding of syndecan-4.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	syndecan 4	Homo sapiens	60-70
16111045-0	2005	[Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in inhibition of human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line SGC-7901 by c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid].	Linoleic Acid	113-126	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	9-25
16111045-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) on the critical enzyme (COX-2) and its product - prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) of linoleic acid metabolism path in human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (SGC-7901).	Linoleic Acid	54-67	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	77-80
16111045-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) on the critical enzyme (COX-2) and its product - prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) of linoleic acid metabolism path in human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (SGC-7901).	Linoleic Acid	54-67	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	106-111
16111045-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) on the critical enzyme (COX-2) and its product - prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) of linoleic acid metabolism path in human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (SGC-7901).	Linoleic Acid	158-171	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	77-80
16111045-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) on the critical enzyme (COX-2) and its product - prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) of linoleic acid metabolism path in human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (SGC-7901).	Linoleic Acid	158-171	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	106-111
15855339-0	2005	Linoleic acid increases lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) expression in human aortic endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	24-59
15855339-0	2005	Linoleic acid increases lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) expression in human aortic endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-66
15938855-1	2005	OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) on critical enzymes of linoleic acid metabolism in stomach granular cell (SGC-7901).	Linoleic Acid	54-67	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	76-79
15938855-1	2005	OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) on critical enzymes of linoleic acid metabolism in stomach granular cell (SGC-7901).	Linoleic Acid	104-117	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	76-79
15938855-6	2005	CONCLUSION: The effects of c9,t11-CLA on the COX and Delta6-desaturase might play an important role in mediating the ability of c9,t11-CLA as to inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells, and the anti-cancer activity by c9,t11-CLA might be associated with the linoleic acid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	262-275	complement C9	Homo sapiens	27-37
15938855-6	2005	CONCLUSION: The effects of c9,t11-CLA on the COX and Delta6-desaturase might play an important role in mediating the ability of c9,t11-CLA as to inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells, and the anti-cancer activity by c9,t11-CLA might be associated with the linoleic acid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	262-275	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	59-70
15938855-6	2005	CONCLUSION: The effects of c9,t11-CLA on the COX and Delta6-desaturase might play an important role in mediating the ability of c9,t11-CLA as to inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells, and the anti-cancer activity by c9,t11-CLA might be associated with the linoleic acid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	262-275	complement C9	Homo sapiens	128-138
15938855-6	2005	CONCLUSION: The effects of c9,t11-CLA on the COX and Delta6-desaturase might play an important role in mediating the ability of c9,t11-CLA as to inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells, and the anti-cancer activity by c9,t11-CLA might be associated with the linoleic acid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	262-275	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	34-37
15741053-3	2005	The secretion rate of apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB) was significantly greater in HepG2 cells preincubated with elaidic acid compared with those preincubated with palmitic or oleic acid; apoB secretion was greater in cells preincubated with CLA compared with those preincubated with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	280-293	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	22-42
15741053-3	2005	The secretion rate of apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB) was significantly greater in HepG2 cells preincubated with elaidic acid compared with those preincubated with palmitic or oleic acid; apoB secretion was greater in cells preincubated with CLA compared with those preincubated with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	280-293	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	44-48
15741053-3	2005	The secretion rate of apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB) was significantly greater in HepG2 cells preincubated with elaidic acid compared with those preincubated with palmitic or oleic acid; apoB secretion was greater in cells preincubated with CLA compared with those preincubated with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	280-293	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	184-188
15834635-1	2005	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk arises through microbial biohydrogenation of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the rumen, and by the action of mammary Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (Scd).	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	195-198
15469957-6	2005	These data suggest that oxidized linoleic acid induces syndecan-4 mRNA expression through the initial generation of intracellular hydrogen peroxide with subsequent activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway via MEK1/2.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	syndecan 4	Homo sapiens	55-65
15469957-6	2005	These data suggest that oxidized linoleic acid induces syndecan-4 mRNA expression through the initial generation of intracellular hydrogen peroxide with subsequent activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway via MEK1/2.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	242-248
15650560-2	2005	Two well-known examples of isomeric fatty acids are cis and trans monounsaturated fatty acids, and conjugated isomers of linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	121-134	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	136-139
15625711-3	2005	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that alters the synthesis of PGE2 and reduces the negative effects of TNF on body weight of healthy mice.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	133-136
15664096-8	2005	RESULTS: Elevated glucose, oleate, and linoleate upregulated NEP mRNA in short and longterm HMEC cultures, but did not alter rate of NEP mRNA degradation.	Linoleic Acid	39-48	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	61-64
15642120-0	2005	Prolonged treatment of genetically obese mice with conjugated linoleic acid improves glucose tolerance and lowers plasma insulin concentration: possible involvement of PPAR activation.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	168-172
15642122-9	2005	We also observed that the unsaturated FFA oleate and linoleate prevented palmitate-induced mitochondrial release of both cytochrome-c and endonuclease G, which resulted in complete protection from palmitate-induced apoptosis.	Linoleic Acid	53-62	endonuclease G	Homo sapiens	138-152
15868884-6	2005	Apo E per particle was significantly lower in the diabetic patients compared to control subjects on both linoleic (p &lt; 0.05) and oleic acid diets (p &lt; 0.01).	Linoleic Acid	105-113	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	0-5
15868884-7	2005	HDL apo E was also significantly lower in the diabetic patients compared to controls on the linoleic acid diet (p &lt; 0.02).	Linoleic Acid	92-105	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	4-9
16335269-0	2005	[Inhibiting properties of stable nitroxyl radicals in reactions of linoleic acid and linoleyl alcohol oxidation catalyzed by 5-lipoxygenase].	Linoleic Acid	67-80	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	125-139
16179281-8	2005	The metabolic syndrome is accompanied by an elevated level of serum insulin, which is known to enhance the synthesis of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, such as 16:0 and 18:1, and to stimulate the activity delta-6 desaturase, decreasing the concentration of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	268-281	insulin	Homo sapiens	68-75
16179281-8	2005	The metabolic syndrome is accompanied by an elevated level of serum insulin, which is known to enhance the synthesis of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, such as 16:0 and 18:1, and to stimulate the activity delta-6 desaturase, decreasing the concentration of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	268-281	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	216-234
15895517-0	2004	Conjugated linoleic acid deteriorates insulin resistance in obese/diabetic mice in association with decreased production of adiponectin and leptin.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	124-135
15794889-0	2005	[Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on gene expression of adiponectin of obese rat fed with high fat diet].	Linoleic Acid	22-35	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	58-69
15794889-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on expression of adiponectin in white adipose tissue of obese rats.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	82-93
15530900-2	2004	Linoleic acid has been shown by others to decrease CD18 expression and leukocyte adhesion under static conditions.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	51-55
15679111-3	2004	A calcium shift (1.1 mM CaCl2, 10 microM linoleic acid) for 8 days triggered an increase in mRNA levels of keratin 10 (75-fold), profilaggrin (55-fold), glucosylceramide synthase (40-fold), beta-glucocerebrosidase (30-fold), prosaposin (15-fold), acid sphingomyelinase (5-fold), and serine palmitoyltransferase (SPTLC2, 4-fold).	Linoleic Acid	41-54	keratin 10	Homo sapiens	107-117
15679111-3	2004	A calcium shift (1.1 mM CaCl2, 10 microM linoleic acid) for 8 days triggered an increase in mRNA levels of keratin 10 (75-fold), profilaggrin (55-fold), glucosylceramide synthase (40-fold), beta-glucocerebrosidase (30-fold), prosaposin (15-fold), acid sphingomyelinase (5-fold), and serine palmitoyltransferase (SPTLC2, 4-fold).	Linoleic Acid	41-54	UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase	Homo sapiens	153-178
15375184-4	2004	Cells cultured with 0.4 mM oleic acid (OA), with 0.1 mM linoleic acid, or with a triglyceride emulsion expressed increased PS1 and Abeta.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	presenilin 1	Homo sapiens	123-126
15375184-4	2004	Cells cultured with 0.4 mM oleic acid (OA), with 0.1 mM linoleic acid, or with a triglyceride emulsion expressed increased PS1 and Abeta.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	131-136
15590272-1	2004	Feeding mice conjugated linoleic acid (9 cis,11 trans/9 trans,11 cis-and 10 trans,12 cis-CLA in equal amounts) resulted in triacylglycerol accumulation in the liver.	Linoleic Acid	24-37	clasper	Mus musculus	89-92
15736916-11	2004	Vaccenic acid, produced as a rumen biohydrogenation intermediate from both linoleic acid and linolenic acid, is the substrate, and delta9-desaturase in the mammary gland and other tissues catalyzes the reaction.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	131-148
15522828-11	2004	These results suggest that the transcription level of ACMSD is modulated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, and suppressive potency of ACMSD mRNA is n-3 fatty acid family&gt;linoleic acid (n-6 fatty acid)&gt;saturated fatty acid.	Linoleic Acid	171-184	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
15522828-11	2004	These results suggest that the transcription level of ACMSD is modulated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, and suppressive potency of ACMSD mRNA is n-3 fatty acid family&gt;linoleic acid (n-6 fatty acid)&gt;saturated fatty acid.	Linoleic Acid	171-184	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	132-137
15672469-1	2004	The two essential fatty acids linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids, precursors of the n-6 and n-3 PUFA family, respectively, are known to play a strong regulatory function on cells via their incorporation into membrane phospholipids, and also on microcirculation by the production of eicosanoids.	Linoleic Acid	30-38	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	96-100
15631825-11	2004	CONCLUSIONS: Linoleic acid induces PAI-1 activity and mRNA expression in HepG-2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
15500827-6	2004	The uptake rate of linoleic acid by human lens cells is relatively high (4.35 fmol sec(-1) per 1000 cells), 30 and 50% higher as compared with diploid human embryonal lung fibroblasts and chemically transformed mouse fibroblasts, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	secretory blood group 1, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	83-89
15305379-2	2004	Dietary omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic (LA) and arachidonic (AA) acids, have been shown to stimulate the proliferation of prostate cancer cells after being converted into 5-HETE by means of the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathway.	Linoleic Acid	53-61	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	217-231
15305379-2	2004	Dietary omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic (LA) and arachidonic (AA) acids, have been shown to stimulate the proliferation of prostate cancer cells after being converted into 5-HETE by means of the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathway.	Linoleic Acid	53-61	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	233-238
15377629-5	2004	In addition, one animal had an increased proportion of the rumen-derived monounsaturated fatty acid C18:1 trans11 converted by stearoyl-CoA desaturase to the conjugated linoleic acid isomer C18:2 cis9 trans11.	Linoleic Acid	169-182	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	127-150
15691019-1	2004	We reported previously that unsaturated linear-chain FA of the cis-configuration with a C18-hydrocarbon chain such as linoleic acid (18:2delta9c,12c) could potently inhibit the activities of mammalian DNA polymerases and DNA topoisomerases, but their saturated forms could not.	Linoleic Acid	118-131	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	88-91
15466222-6	2004	There are strong QTL for linoleic (18:2) and linolenic (18:3) acids contents that colocate with the FAD3 locus, another for oleic acid (18:1) that colocates with FAD2 and other less significant QTL for palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), and eicosaenoic (20:1) acids.	Linoleic Acid	25-33	fatty acid desaturase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	100-104
15295018-10	2004	Elevation in the amount of arachidonate and linoleate esterified to the sn-2 position of choline plasmalogens was consistent with the hypothesis that iPLA(2) displays selectivity for plasmalogen phospholipids; therefore, enzyme inhibition may affect hydrolysis of these phospholipid subclasses.	Linoleic Acid	44-53	phospholipase A2 group VI	Rattus norvegicus	150-157
15447895-1	2004	BACKGROUND: Some animal studies have suggested that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation may have therapeutic potential with respect to insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism, which are important cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	insulin	Homo sapiens	146-153
22900281-3	2004	Linoleic and arachidonic acids were found to be more potent (caused approximately 70% inhibition maximally at 160 microM) inhibitors of GR heat activation, compared to oleic acid (approximately 38% inhibition at 40 microM).	Linoleic Acid	0-8	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Mus musculus	136-138
15631825-7	2004	RESULTS: The mRNA expression and protein activity of PAI-1 was significantly induced by linoleic acid, but was obviously suppressed by fenofibrate.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	53-58
15631825-8	2004	In the HepG-2 cells transfected with PAI-pCAT promoter constructs the PAI-1 transcription activity was significantly induced by linoleic acid, but suppressed by fenofibrate.	Linoleic Acid	128-141	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	70-75
15631825-10	2004	Furthermore, in the condition of transfection with NF-kappaB-response element-deletion-pCAT construct, both linoleic acid and fenofibrate increased the PAI-1 transcriptional activity, whereas in those cells transfected with VLDL/fatty acid response element-deletion-pCAT construct, fenofibrate significantly reduced PAI-1 transcriptional activity, but no change in PAI-1 transcription activity was found with linoleic acid stimulation.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	152-157
15631825-10	2004	Furthermore, in the condition of transfection with NF-kappaB-response element-deletion-pCAT construct, both linoleic acid and fenofibrate increased the PAI-1 transcriptional activity, whereas in those cells transfected with VLDL/fatty acid response element-deletion-pCAT construct, fenofibrate significantly reduced PAI-1 transcriptional activity, but no change in PAI-1 transcription activity was found with linoleic acid stimulation.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	316-321
15631825-10	2004	Furthermore, in the condition of transfection with NF-kappaB-response element-deletion-pCAT construct, both linoleic acid and fenofibrate increased the PAI-1 transcriptional activity, whereas in those cells transfected with VLDL/fatty acid response element-deletion-pCAT construct, fenofibrate significantly reduced PAI-1 transcriptional activity, but no change in PAI-1 transcription activity was found with linoleic acid stimulation.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	316-321
15117813-9	2004	A high intake of polyunsaturated fat, in particular linoleic acid, may be an important dietary risk factor for K-ras mutated colon tumours, possibly by generating G &gt; A transitions or G &gt; T or G &gt; C transversions in the K-ras oncogene.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	FAT atypical cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
15117813-9	2004	A high intake of polyunsaturated fat, in particular linoleic acid, may be an important dietary risk factor for K-ras mutated colon tumours, possibly by generating G &gt; A transitions or G &gt; T or G &gt; C transversions in the K-ras oncogene.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	111-116
15117813-9	2004	A high intake of polyunsaturated fat, in particular linoleic acid, may be an important dietary risk factor for K-ras mutated colon tumours, possibly by generating G &gt; A transitions or G &gt; T or G &gt; C transversions in the K-ras oncogene.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	229-234
15277146-0	2004	Effects of cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on insulin sensitivity, lipid peroxidation, and proinflammatory markers in obese men.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	insulin	Homo sapiens	70-77
15362034-0	2004	Activation of PPAR gamma and delta by conjugated linoleic acid mediates protection from experimental inflammatory bowel disease.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	14-24
15636164-1	2004	We analyzed two kinds of dairy fat differing in their contents of cis9, trans11-conjugated linoleic acid (cis9,trans 11-CLA or rumenic acid), and determined the positional distribution of this CLA-isomer within the three sn- positions of the triacylglycerol.	Linoleic Acid	91-104	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	120-123
15347800-6	2004	Addition of linoleic or linolenic acid to fruit homogenates significantly increased the levels of flavor volatiles, but the increase with the TomloxC-depleted transgenic fruit extracts was much lower than with the wild-type control.	Linoleic Acid	12-20	lipoxygenase	Solanum lycopersicum	142-149
15347800-8	2004	Together, these results suggest that TomloxC is a chloroplast-targeted lipoxygenase isoform that can use both linoleic and linolenic acids as substrates to generate volatile C6 flavor compounds.	Linoleic Acid	110-118	lipoxygenase	Solanum lycopersicum	37-44
15347800-8	2004	Together, these results suggest that TomloxC is a chloroplast-targeted lipoxygenase isoform that can use both linoleic and linolenic acids as substrates to generate volatile C6 flavor compounds.	Linoleic Acid	110-118	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase A	Solanum lycopersicum	71-83
15256315-4	2004	RESULTS: Fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance correlated positively with the fraction of alpha-linolenic and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid and with the ratios of stearic to palmitic and dihomo-gamma-linolenic to linoleic acid and negatively with the fraction of palmitic acid in erythrocyte phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	219-232	insulin	Homo sapiens	17-24
15256315-4	2004	RESULTS: Fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance correlated positively with the fraction of alpha-linolenic and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid and with the ratios of stearic to palmitic and dihomo-gamma-linolenic to linoleic acid and negatively with the fraction of palmitic acid in erythrocyte phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	219-232	insulin	Homo sapiens	36-43
15277146-1	2004	BACKGROUND: We recently showed that trans-10,cis-12 (t10,c12) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) causes insulin resistance in obese men.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	insulin	Homo sapiens	100-107
15298681-8	2004	An increase in the saturated fatty acid stearic acid and decreases in the unsaturated fatty acids palmitoleic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, compared to those in mock-transfected cells were also caused by over-expression of TNX.	Linoleic Acid	131-144	tenascin XB	Mus musculus	229-232
15143153-8	2004	IKK and JNK were activated by linoleic acid and inhibition of the two kinases led to prevention of IRS-1 reduction.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	8-11
15143153-8	2004	IKK and JNK were activated by linoleic acid and inhibition of the two kinases led to prevention of IRS-1 reduction.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	insulin receptor substrate 1	Mus musculus	99-104
15481543-3	2004	Delta6-fatty acid desaturase (D6D) is the rate-limiting enzyme, which catalyzes the conversion of linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) to GLA and octadecatetraenoic acid (OTA).	Linoleic Acid	98-111	galactosidase alpha	Homo sapiens	151-154
15193867-9	2004	Application of PP-13 to cultured trophoblasts elicited depolarization carried by calcium ions, followed by liberation of linoleic and arachidonic acids from the trophoblast membrane, and a subsequent elevation of prostacyclin and thromboxane.	Linoleic Acid	121-129	galectin 13	Homo sapiens	15-20
15183193-10	2004	Other relatively specific PPARgamma agonists (15delta-PGJ2, and troglitazone), but not nonspecific agonists (bezafibrate and conjugated linoleic acid), were also able to induce oxidant production in Jurkat cells.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	26-35
15035657-0	2004	Regio- and stereo-chemical oxidation of linoleic acid by human myoglobin and hydrogen peroxide: Tyr(103) affects rate and product distribution.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	63-72
15066988-7	2004	The induction of SREBP-1 and lipogenic gene expression as well as the levels of liver triglycerides, glycogen, and plasma glucose was partially restored when the fructose diet was supplemented with very high levels of oleate (20% by weight) but not with palmitate, stearate, or linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	278-287	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	17-24
15067015-0	2004	Conjugated linoleic acid induces human adipocyte delipidation: autocrine/paracrine regulation of MEK/ERK signaling by adipocytokines.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	97-100
15067015-0	2004	Conjugated linoleic acid induces human adipocyte delipidation: autocrine/paracrine regulation of MEK/ERK signaling by adipocytokines.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
15968973-7	2004	We designed new zinc finger transcription factors (ZFP-TFs) that can specifically down-regulate the expression of the endogenous soybean FAD2-1 gene which catalyzes oleic acid to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	179-192	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 1	Glycine max	137-143
15145518-4	2004	Microarray, functional group and quantitative PCR analyses indicate that linoleic acid may affect T47D cell growth by modulation of the estrogen receptor (ERalpha), the G13alpha G protein, and p38 MAP kinase gene expression as well genes involved in RNA transcription and cell cycle regulation.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	136-153
15145516-1	2004	In established rodent tumors and human cancer cell lines, conjugated dienoic isomers of linoleic acid (CLA) suppress the growth-stimulating effects of linoleic acid (LA) and its metabolism to the mitogenic agent, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE).	Linoleic Acid	88-101	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	103-106
15145516-1	2004	In established rodent tumors and human cancer cell lines, conjugated dienoic isomers of linoleic acid (CLA) suppress the growth-stimulating effects of linoleic acid (LA) and its metabolism to the mitogenic agent, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE).	Linoleic Acid	151-164	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	103-106
15145518-4	2004	Microarray, functional group and quantitative PCR analyses indicate that linoleic acid may affect T47D cell growth by modulation of the estrogen receptor (ERalpha), the G13alpha G protein, and p38 MAP kinase gene expression as well genes involved in RNA transcription and cell cycle regulation.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	155-162
15145518-4	2004	Microarray, functional group and quantitative PCR analyses indicate that linoleic acid may affect T47D cell growth by modulation of the estrogen receptor (ERalpha), the G13alpha G protein, and p38 MAP kinase gene expression as well genes involved in RNA transcription and cell cycle regulation.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	193-196
15159247-1	2004	The chemistry of conjugated fatty acids, specifically octadecadienoic acids (18:2; commonly referred to as conjugated linoleic acid, or CLA), has provided many challenges to lipid analysts because of their unique physical properties and the many possible positional and geometric isomers.	Linoleic Acid	118-131	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	136-139
15028733-6	2004	In fact, the unsaturated FFA linoleate inhibited palmitate-induced IL-6 production.	Linoleic Acid	29-38	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	67-71
15159251-8	2004	The therapeutic potential of conjugated linoleic acid against insulin resistance-associated cardiovascular disease is discussed on the basis of the reported effects of conjugated linoleic acid on individual components of the metabolic syndrome.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	insulin	Homo sapiens	62-69
15159255-0	2004	Conjugated linoleic acid reduces parathyroid hormone in health and in polycystic kidney disease in rats.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	33-52
15180607-8	2004	Linoleic acid (Omega6) levels decreased in men with PSA levels of 2-10 ng/mL (P = 0.04).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	kallikrein related peptidase 3	Homo sapiens	52-55
15159255-1	2004	BACKGROUND: Feeding conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is reported to reduce prostaglandin E(2) synthesis, which is required for parathyroid hormone (PTH) release.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	125-144
15158763-1	2004	In a previous paper, we showed that naturally occurring conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) from butter fat is metabolized in vivo to higher metabolites such as conjugated diene (CD) 18:3, CD 20:3 and CD 20:4, all the while retaining the conjugated diene structure.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	184-189
15158763-1	2004	In a previous paper, we showed that naturally occurring conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) from butter fat is metabolized in vivo to higher metabolites such as conjugated diene (CD) 18:3, CD 20:3 and CD 20:4, all the while retaining the conjugated diene structure.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	196-201
15111489-11	2004	A relationship with the decrease in insulin sensitivity was also observed for ceramides consisting of palmitic (r = -0.68, P = 0.03) and linoleic (r = -0.66, P = 0.038) acid.	Linoleic Acid	137-145	insulin	Homo sapiens	36-43
15133841-0	2004	Effects of c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid on adhesion of human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	92-95
15133841-1	2004	AIM: To investigate the effect of c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) on the adhesion of human gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC-7901).	Linoleic Acid	52-65	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	74-77
15133841-1	2004	AIM: To investigate the effect of c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) on the adhesion of human gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC-7901).	Linoleic Acid	52-65	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	133-136
14967823-8	2004	The SCD inhibitors conjugated linoleic acid and troglitazone nearly abolished ABCA1 destabilization by palmitate and stearate but not by linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	4-7
15126715-0	2004	Conjugated linoleic acid improves insulin sensitivity in young, sedentary humans.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	insulin	Homo sapiens	34-41
15113941-6	2004	We also showed that linoleic acid, a representative PUFA, attenuated the actions of insulin and Dex on fatty acid and lipid synthesis as well as FAS activity and expression.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	fatty acid synthase	Homo sapiens	145-148
15113941-6	2004	We also showed that linoleic acid, a representative PUFA, attenuated the actions of insulin and Dex on fatty acid and lipid synthesis as well as FAS activity and expression.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	52-56
15113941-6	2004	We also showed that linoleic acid, a representative PUFA, attenuated the actions of insulin and Dex on fatty acid and lipid synthesis as well as FAS activity and expression.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	insulin	Homo sapiens	84-91
15126715-1	2004	BACKGROUND: Preliminary evidence in obese diabetic rats suggests that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may have antidiabetic properties, based on reductions in fasting glucose and insulin concentrations.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	insulin	Homo sapiens	178-185
15068816-0	2004	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid increases the mRNA ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in the colonic mucosa of rats.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	61-64
15102943-6	2004	CYP2C50 and CYP2C54 metabolize AA to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) primarily, and linoleic acid to epoxyoctadecenoic acids (EOAs) primarily, whereas CYP2C55 metabolizes AA to EETs and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and linoleic acid to EOAs and hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids.	Linoleic Acid	221-234	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 50	Mus musculus	0-7
15102943-6	2004	CYP2C50 and CYP2C54 metabolize AA to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) primarily, and linoleic acid to epoxyoctadecenoic acids (EOAs) primarily, whereas CYP2C55 metabolizes AA to EETs and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and linoleic acid to EOAs and hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids.	Linoleic Acid	221-234	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 55	Mus musculus	152-159
15102943-10	2004	We conclude that these new CYP2C enzymes are probably involved in AA and linoleic acid metabolism in mouse hepatic and extrahepatic tissues.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 29	Mus musculus	27-32
15971598-5	2004	delta6-fatty acid desaturase is the rate-limiting enzyme for the biosynthesis of PUFAs, which catalyses the conversion of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to gamma-linolenic acid and stearidonic acid respectively.	Linoleic Acid	122-135	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	0-28
15211799-0	2004	[Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on PPAR gamma gene expression and serum leptin in obese rat].	Linoleic Acid	22-35	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	39-49
15211799-1	2004	OBJECTIVE: In order to study the effect of conjugated linoleic acid on PPAR gamma gene expression, serum leptin, blood glucose and blood lipid level.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	71-81
14754909-1	2004	This study investigated the incorporation of cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11 CLA) and trans-10,cis-12-CLA (t10,c12 CLA) into plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lipids when consumed as supplements highly enriched in these isomers.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	complement C9	Homo sapiens	86-96
14754909-1	2004	This study investigated the incorporation of cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11 CLA) and trans-10,cis-12-CLA (t10,c12 CLA) into plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lipids when consumed as supplements highly enriched in these isomers.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	93-96
15051824-6	2004	Quercetin reduced linoleic acid-mediated binding activity of NF-kappaB and AP-1 and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).	Linoleic Acid	18-31	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	61-70
15051824-6	2004	Quercetin reduced linoleic acid-mediated binding activity of NF-kappaB and AP-1 and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).	Linoleic Acid	18-31	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	75-79
15051824-6	2004	Quercetin reduced linoleic acid-mediated binding activity of NF-kappaB and AP-1 and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).	Linoleic Acid	18-31	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	141-145
15051824-6	2004	Quercetin reduced linoleic acid-mediated binding activity of NF-kappaB and AP-1 and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).	Linoleic Acid	18-31	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	151-184
15051824-6	2004	Quercetin reduced linoleic acid-mediated binding activity of NF-kappaB and AP-1 and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).	Linoleic Acid	18-31	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	186-192
15051824-7	2004	Cotreatment of linoleic acid plus quercetin or vitamin E also decreased linoleic acid-induced binding activity of PPARgamma.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	114-123
15051824-7	2004	Cotreatment of linoleic acid plus quercetin or vitamin E also decreased linoleic acid-induced binding activity of PPARgamma.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	114-123
15102943-5	2004	The recombinant CYP2C proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli after N-terminal modification, partially purified, and shown to be active in the metabolism of both arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid, albeit with different catalytic efficiencies and profiles.	Linoleic Acid	192-205	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 29	Mus musculus	16-21
15102943-6	2004	CYP2C50 and CYP2C54 metabolize AA to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) primarily, and linoleic acid to epoxyoctadecenoic acids (EOAs) primarily, whereas CYP2C55 metabolizes AA to EETs and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and linoleic acid to EOAs and hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 50	Mus musculus	0-7
14656710-0	2004	Linoleic acid induces interleukin-8 production by Crohn"s human intestinal smooth muscle cells via arachidonic acid metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	22-35
14656710-1	2004	Previously we reported that linoleic acid (LA), but not oleic acid, caused a marked increase in the secretion of IL-8 by Crohn"s human intestinal smooth muscle (HISM) cells.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	113-117
15081318-3	2004	In this study, we showed that the 12/15-LO product of linoleic acid, 13-hydroperoxyocta decadienoic acid (13-HPODE) can transcriptionally upregulate the expression of the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in VSMC.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	181-215
15081318-3	2004	In this study, we showed that the 12/15-LO product of linoleic acid, 13-hydroperoxyocta decadienoic acid (13-HPODE) can transcriptionally upregulate the expression of the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in VSMC.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	217-222
15068816-0	2004	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid increases the mRNA ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in the colonic mucosa of rats.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	65-70
14975733-1	2004	The trans-10,cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces body fat gain in animals and inhibits stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	132-135
15270551-3	2004	This improvement, reproducible for three substrates of delta6-desaturase, i.e. oleic acid (C18:1n-9), linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and alpha-linoleic acid (C18:3n-3) was dose-dependent in the range 0.1-0.5 mmol x L(-1) myristic acid concentration.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	55-72
15270551-3	2004	This improvement, reproducible for three substrates of delta6-desaturase, i.e. oleic acid (C18:1n-9), linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and alpha-linoleic acid (C18:3n-3) was dose-dependent in the range 0.1-0.5 mmol x L(-1) myristic acid concentration.	Linoleic Acid	131-150	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	55-72
14747664-1	2004	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a cancer chemopreventive agent that has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro, and to decrease vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Flk-1 concentrations in the mouse mammary gland.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	155-189
14660610-6	2004	In addition to omega/omega-1 hydroxylation of arachidonic acid, CYP2U1 protein also catalyzed the hydroxylation of structurally related long chain fatty acid (docosahexaenoic acid) but not fatty acids such as lauric acid or linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	224-237	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily U member 1	Homo sapiens	64-70
14741707-2	2004	We detected GPR40 mRNA by RT-PCR and found that oleate and linoleate, but not palmitate or stearate, caused an increase in cellular Ca(2+) concentrations, which was partially blocked by the pertussis toxin (PTX) treatment.	Linoleic Acid	59-68	free fatty acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	12-17
14747664-1	2004	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a cancer chemopreventive agent that has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro, and to decrease vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Flk-1 concentrations in the mouse mammary gland.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	191-195
14747664-1	2004	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a cancer chemopreventive agent that has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro, and to decrease vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Flk-1 concentrations in the mouse mammary gland.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	kinase insert domain protein receptor	Mus musculus	201-206
15134147-1	2004	Octadecadienoic acids with conjugated double bonds are often referred to as conjugated linoleic acid, or CLA.	Linoleic Acid	87-100	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	105-108
12956622-0	2004	Isomer-specific effects of conjugated linoleic acid on lipid peroxidation in humans: regulation by alpha-tocopherol and cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	120-137
14684755-0	2003	Involvement of CYP 2C9 in mediating the proinflammatory effects of linoleic acid in vascular endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	15-22
14704295-0	2004	Conjugated linoleic acid upregulates LDL receptor gene expression in HepG2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	37-49
14974442-8	2004	Linoleic acid also stimulated mRNA ERbeta expression in T47D:A18 cells, PR expression in Ishikawa cells, but not AP activity in Ishikawa cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	estrogen receptor 2	Homo sapiens	35-41
14974442-8	2004	Linoleic acid also stimulated mRNA ERbeta expression in T47D:A18 cells, PR expression in Ishikawa cells, but not AP activity in Ishikawa cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens	72-74
14613754-0	2003	Linoleic acid, but not oleic acid, upregulates the production of interleukin-8 by human intestinal smooth muscle cells isolated from patients with Crohn"s disease.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	65-78
14613754-2	2003	In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that dietary fatty acids, linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid (OA), could be involved in the inflammatory response through stimulation of the neutrophil chemokine, IL-8.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	208-212
14684755-3	2003	CYP 2C9 is involved in linoleic acid epoxygenation, and the major product of this reaction is leukotoxin (LTX).	Linoleic Acid	23-36	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	0-7
14684755-4	2003	We investigated the role of CYP-mediated mechanisms of linoleic acid metabolism in endothelial cell activation by examining the effects of linoleic acid or its oxidized metabolites such as LTX and leukotoxin diol (LTD).	Linoleic Acid	55-68	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	28-31
14684755-5	2003	METHODS: The effect of linoleic acid on CYP 2C9 gene expression was studied by RT-PCR.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	40-47
14684755-8	2003	RESULTS: Linoleic acid treatment for six hours increased the expression of CYP 2C9 in endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	75-82
14684755-9	2003	Linoleic acid-mediated increase in oxidative stress and activation of AP-1 were blocked by sulfaphenazole, a specific inhibitor of CYP 2C9.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	131-138
14684755-11	2003	CONCLUSION: Our data show that CYP 2C9 plays a key role in linoleic acid-induced oxidative stress and subsequent proinflammatory events in vascular endothelial cells by possibly causing superoxide generation through uncoupling processes.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	31-38
14525675-4	2003	Interventions that alter insulin resistance, such as weight loss, exercise, and conjugated linoleic acid, also alter CRP.	Linoleic Acid	91-104	insulin	Homo sapiens	25-32
14974735-6	2003	OPN was comparable to polyphenols such as (+)-catechin, rutin and gallic acid in the antioxidative activity against linoleic acid peroxidation, and was an effective DPPH radical scavenger, though the DPPH radical-scavenging activity of OPN was somewhat lower than that of the polyphenols.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
14582987-2	2003	Solvent fractionation, followed by multiple-step ultrafiltration, revealed that the polar coffee compounds with molecular weights below 1 kDa show the major inhibitory effect on the in vitro peroxidation of linoleic acid as well as the predominant chemopreventive enzyme modulating activity on the NADPH-cytochrome c reductase (CCR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	207-220	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	337-362
14582987-2	2003	Solvent fractionation, followed by multiple-step ultrafiltration, revealed that the polar coffee compounds with molecular weights below 1 kDa show the major inhibitory effect on the in vitro peroxidation of linoleic acid as well as the predominant chemopreventive enzyme modulating activity on the NADPH-cytochrome c reductase (CCR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	207-220	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	364-367
12949056-0	2003	Activation of PPAR gamma in colon tumor cell lines by oxidized metabolites of linoleic acid, endogenous ligands for PPAR gamma.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	14-24
12949056-0	2003	Activation of PPAR gamma in colon tumor cell lines by oxidized metabolites of linoleic acid, endogenous ligands for PPAR gamma.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	116-126
12949056-6	2003	As several oxidative metabolites of linoleic acid, including 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) and 13-oxooctadecadienoic acid (13-OXO) have been shown to bind PPAR, and there is a strong positive correlation between enzymes for metabolism of linoleate oxidation products, intestinal cell differentiation and the distribution of PPAR, we also performed a detailed investigation of the activation of PPAR gamma by 13-HODE and 13-OXO.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	166-170
12949056-6	2003	As several oxidative metabolites of linoleic acid, including 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) and 13-oxooctadecadienoic acid (13-OXO) have been shown to bind PPAR, and there is a strong positive correlation between enzymes for metabolism of linoleate oxidation products, intestinal cell differentiation and the distribution of PPAR, we also performed a detailed investigation of the activation of PPAR gamma by 13-HODE and 13-OXO.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	335-339
12949056-6	2003	As several oxidative metabolites of linoleic acid, including 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) and 13-oxooctadecadienoic acid (13-OXO) have been shown to bind PPAR, and there is a strong positive correlation between enzymes for metabolism of linoleate oxidation products, intestinal cell differentiation and the distribution of PPAR, we also performed a detailed investigation of the activation of PPAR gamma by 13-HODE and 13-OXO.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	405-415
12949056-6	2003	As several oxidative metabolites of linoleic acid, including 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) and 13-oxooctadecadienoic acid (13-OXO) have been shown to bind PPAR, and there is a strong positive correlation between enzymes for metabolism of linoleate oxidation products, intestinal cell differentiation and the distribution of PPAR, we also performed a detailed investigation of the activation of PPAR gamma by 13-HODE and 13-OXO.	Linoleic Acid	249-258	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	166-170
12949056-6	2003	As several oxidative metabolites of linoleic acid, including 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) and 13-oxooctadecadienoic acid (13-OXO) have been shown to bind PPAR, and there is a strong positive correlation between enzymes for metabolism of linoleate oxidation products, intestinal cell differentiation and the distribution of PPAR, we also performed a detailed investigation of the activation of PPAR gamma by 13-HODE and 13-OXO.	Linoleic Acid	249-258	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	335-339
12949056-6	2003	As several oxidative metabolites of linoleic acid, including 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) and 13-oxooctadecadienoic acid (13-OXO) have been shown to bind PPAR, and there is a strong positive correlation between enzymes for metabolism of linoleate oxidation products, intestinal cell differentiation and the distribution of PPAR, we also performed a detailed investigation of the activation of PPAR gamma by 13-HODE and 13-OXO.	Linoleic Acid	249-258	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	405-415
12949056-9	2003	In addition, the two linoleate metabolites activate endogenous PPAR in these cell lines transfected with only PPRE-luc.	Linoleic Acid	21-30	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	63-67
12949056-10	2003	The data substantiate the contention that oxidation products of linoleic acid are metabolically produced endogenous ligands for PPAR gamma and that PPAR gamma plays an important role in the differentiation of intestinal cells.	Linoleic Acid	64-77	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	128-138
14525675-4	2003	Interventions that alter insulin resistance, such as weight loss, exercise, and conjugated linoleic acid, also alter CRP.	Linoleic Acid	91-104	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	117-120
14608092-0	2003	Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits cell proliferation through a p53-dependent mechanism: effects on the expression of G1-restriction points in breast and colon cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	63-66
14608092-1	2003	Previous reports have documented the antiproliferative properties of a mixture of conjugated isomers (CLA) of linoleic acid [LA (18:2)].	Linoleic Acid	110-123	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	102-105
14521947-0	2003	Conjugated linoleic acid enhances plasma adiponectin level and alleviates hyperinsulinemia and hypertension in Zucker diabetic fatty (fa/fa) rats.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	41-52
14521947-3	2003	In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), reported as an insulin sensitizer, on plasma adiponectin, plasma insulin, and blood pressure in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats.	Linoleic Acid	64-77	insulin	Homo sapiens	100-107
14529287-6	2003	The EET depletion by FABP was antagonized by the co-addition of arachidonic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, or 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, presumably due to competitive displacement of FABP-bound EET.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	fatty acid binding protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	21-25
14505483-0	2003	Regression of pre-established atherosclerosis in the apoE-/- mouse by conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	53-57
14594243-0	2003	Dose response of milk fat to intravenous administration of the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	101-114	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	17-21
14519781-0	2003	Conjugated linoleic acid in humans: regulation of adiposity and insulin sensitivity.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	insulin	Homo sapiens	64-71
14585185-0	2003	trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid reduces insulin-like growth factor-II secretion in HT-29 human colon cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	insulin like growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	50-79
14519784-3	2003	Subsequently, endothelial cells were activated by treatment with linoleic acid (90 micro mol/L) for 6 h. Zinc chelation by TPEN increased the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and activator protein (AP)-1, decreased PPARgamma expression and activation as well as up-regulated interleukin (IL)-6 expression and production.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	233-242
14519784-3	2003	Subsequently, endothelial cells were activated by treatment with linoleic acid (90 micro mol/L) for 6 h. Zinc chelation by TPEN increased the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and activator protein (AP)-1, decreased PPARgamma expression and activation as well as up-regulated interleukin (IL)-6 expression and production.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	293-311
14519784-7	2003	These data suggest that zinc plays a critical role in PPARgamma signaling in linoleic acid-induced endothelial cell activation and indicate that PPARgamma signaling is impaired during zinc deficiency.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	54-63
14519791-2	2003	The biohydrogenation theory of MFD has implicated unique fatty acids formed by altered rumen biohydrogenation of PUFA; one example is trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	162-175	PUFA	Bos taurus	113-117
14584596-1	2003	CLA is a generic term describing different isomers of linoleic acid with two conjugated double bonds.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	clasper	Mus musculus	0-3
12827703-0	2003	Lipase-mediated acidolysis of butteroil with free conjugated linoleic acid in a packed bed reactor.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	0-6
12892488-0	2003	Lipase-catalyzed esterification of conjugated linoleic acid with sorbitol: a kinetic study.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	0-6
12923654-10	2003	Incubation with IL-1alpha together with linoleic acid reduced the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in contrast to palmitic acid.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	80-86
12923654-10	2003	Incubation with IL-1alpha together with linoleic acid reduced the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in contrast to palmitic acid.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	91-97
12754280-0	2003	Trans10, cis12-conjugated linoleic acid prevents triacylglycerol accumulation in adipocytes by acting as a PPARgamma modulator.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	107-116
21189605-4	2003	RESULTS: The mRNA and activity of PAI-1 significantly increased in the groups of oleic acid and linoleic acid compared with the control, but decreased in the group of fenofibrate.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
12970874-1	2003	AIM: To investigate the effect of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) on the invasion of human gastric carcinoma cell line and its possible mechanism of preventing metastasis.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	76-79
12663656-2	2003	In particular, HMP possesses a high catalytic activity and a low Km toward cumyl, linoleic acid, and tert-butyl hydroperoxides, whereas it is a less efficient hydrogen peroxide scavenger.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	inner membrane mitochondrial protein	Homo sapiens	15-18
12826254-0	2003	Identification of spin trapped carbon-centered radicals in soybean lipoxygenase-dependent peroxidations of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by LC/ESR, LC/MS, and tandem MS. With the combined techniques of on-line liquid chromatography/electron spin resonance (LC/ESR) and on-line liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), we have previously characterized all classes of lipid-derived carbon-centered radicals (*Ld) formed from omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs: linoleic acid and arachidonic acid).	Linoleic Acid	481-494	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	67-79
12915217-10	2003	COCO diet produced an increase in myrystic, palmitic and palmitoleic acids proportion, a decrease in linoleic and arachidonic acids and no changes in stearic and oleic acids, compared with the control.	Linoleic Acid	101-109	DAN domain family member 5, BMP antagonist	Mus musculus	0-4
12934679-5	2003	In the procedure developed in this work, lipoxygenase oxidizes the linoleic acid released by the phospholipase activity of patatin.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	41-53
12571082-0	2003	Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits cell proliferation and ErbB3 signaling in HT-29 human colon cell line.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3	Homo sapiens	57-62
12771343-0	2003	Adenoma growth stimulation by the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is associated with changes in mucosal NF-kappaB and cyclin D1 protein levels in the Min mouse.	Linoleic Acid	72-85	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	144-153
12934671-4	2003	Rather, linoleic acid antagonized the protective action of CLA isomers in a noncompetitive fashion.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	59-62
12771319-0	2003	Increasing the amount of fat in a conjugated linoleic acid-supplemented diet reduces lipodystrophy in mice.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	CD36 molecule	Mus musculus	25-28
12934679-5	2003	In the procedure developed in this work, lipoxygenase oxidizes the linoleic acid released by the phospholipase activity of patatin.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	Patatin class I	Solanum tuberosum	123-130
12934679-6	2003	This activity can then be followed spectrophotometrically by recording the increase in absorbance at 234 nm that results from the formation of the corresponding hydroperoxide from linoleic acid by the action of lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	180-193	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	211-223
12880105-7	2003	Compared to the amounts of linoleic and linolenic acids present in the control diet, the amounts excreted into the feces of CLA-treated birds were significantly higher.	Linoleic Acid	27-35	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	124-127
12733060-7	2003	By contrast, when cells were grown with linoleic acid, which has a lower melting point than oleic acid, the elevation of the OLE1 expression level due to the ole1-101 mutation was almost completely suppressed.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	125-129
12733060-7	2003	By contrast, when cells were grown with linoleic acid, which has a lower melting point than oleic acid, the elevation of the OLE1 expression level due to the ole1-101 mutation was almost completely suppressed.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	158-162
12785004-7	2003	The highest NEP activity was observed with combined elevated glucose, linoleic acid, and oleic acid (P &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	70-83	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	12-15
12744644-0	2003	Preparation of a t,t conjugated linoleic acid methylester (CLA-Me) isomers mixture from synthetic CLA by methylation with BF3/methanol.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	59-62
12744644-0	2003	Preparation of a t,t conjugated linoleic acid methylester (CLA-Me) isomers mixture from synthetic CLA by methylation with BF3/methanol.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	98-101
12716789-10	2003	Serum C-reactive protein was significantly associated with percent linoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in nonsmoking men (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively) and with docosahexaenoic acid in nonsmoking women (r = -0.46, P &lt; 0.0001).	Linoleic Acid	67-80	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	6-24
12713571-1	2003	Delta-6 desaturase, also known as fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2), is a component of a lipid metabolic pathway that converts the essential fatty acids linoleate and alpha-linolenate into long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	151-160	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	0-18
12713571-1	2003	Delta-6 desaturase, also known as fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2), is a component of a lipid metabolic pathway that converts the essential fatty acids linoleate and alpha-linolenate into long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	151-160	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	34-57
12713571-1	2003	Delta-6 desaturase, also known as fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2), is a component of a lipid metabolic pathway that converts the essential fatty acids linoleate and alpha-linolenate into long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	151-160	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
12880105-10	2003	Dietary CLA reduced the content of linoleic and arachidonic acids in both plasma and liver.	Linoleic Acid	35-43	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	8-11
12706457-2	2003	The dose-response relationships for the above effects show that simvastatin, atorvastatin and fluvastatin affect linoleic acid conversion and the delta5 desaturase step more potently than the synthesis of cholesterol, simvastatin being the most effective in inhibiting sterol synthesis, whereas atorvastatin in stimulating the conversion of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	341-354	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	146-163
12684633-0	2003	Anti-angiogenic activity of conjugated linoleic acid on basic fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	56-86
12711249-8	2003	The activation of PPARgamma by 13(S)-HODE, the major metabolite of 15-lipoxygenase-1 from linoleic acid, was concentration dependent reaching maximum at 10 micro M (35-fold activation).	Linoleic Acid	90-103	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	18-27
12711249-8	2003	The activation of PPARgamma by 13(S)-HODE, the major metabolite of 15-lipoxygenase-1 from linoleic acid, was concentration dependent reaching maximum at 10 micro M (35-fold activation).	Linoleic Acid	90-103	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	67-82
12676356-1	2003	In addition to their reported antitumorigenic properties, various conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers have also been shown to decrease prostanoid synthesis as a result of inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	92-95
12566436-2	2003	The 12/15-lipoxygenase expressed in macrophages is capable of oxygenating linoleic acid esterified to cholesterol in the LDL particle, and thus this enzyme is presumed to initiate LDL oxidation.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	4-22
12701065-6	2003	In control cells, treatment with linoleic acid reduced intracellular glutathione levels and induced the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) leading to the upregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6).	Linoleic Acid	33-46	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	193-206
12701065-6	2003	In control cells, treatment with linoleic acid reduced intracellular glutathione levels and induced the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) leading to the upregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6).	Linoleic Acid	33-46	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	208-212
12701065-7	2003	In addition, the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was altered, with linoleic acid increasing eNOS activity.	Linoleic Acid	90-103	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	31-64
12701065-8	2003	In contrast, enrichment with cholesterol enhanced glutathione levels and reduced the linoleic acid-induced activation of NF-kappaBand the production of IL-6.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	152-156
12701065-11	2003	Furthermore, the PPAR-gamma agonist thiazolidinedione markedly downregulated the NF-kappaB activation mediated by linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	17-27
12562862-1	2003	The object of this study was to investigate whether the levels of cardiolipin in cultured skin fibroblasts of patients with Barth syndrome (BTHS) can be restored by addition of linoleic acid to growth media.	Linoleic Acid	177-190	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	140-144
12703631-0	2003	Milk conjugated linoleic acid response to fish oil supplementation of diets differing in fatty acid profiles.	Linoleic Acid	16-29	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
12703631-11	2003	Feeding a high linoleic acid fat source with fish oil most effectively increased concentrations and yields of milk cis-9,trans-11 CLA and TVA.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	110-114
12562862-4	2003	Incubation of cells from both BTHS and controls with different concentrations of linoleic acid led to a dose- and time-dependent increase of cardiolipin levels.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	30-34
12562862-5	2003	The increased levels of cardiolipin in fibroblasts of BTHS patients after treatment with linoleic acid indicate that an increased amount of linoleic acid in the diet might be beneficial to BTHS patients.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	54-58
12562862-5	2003	The increased levels of cardiolipin in fibroblasts of BTHS patients after treatment with linoleic acid indicate that an increased amount of linoleic acid in the diet might be beneficial to BTHS patients.	Linoleic Acid	140-153	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	54-58
12562862-5	2003	The increased levels of cardiolipin in fibroblasts of BTHS patients after treatment with linoleic acid indicate that an increased amount of linoleic acid in the diet might be beneficial to BTHS patients.	Linoleic Acid	140-153	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	189-193
12543376-6	2003	The same picture of SRB release has been revealed for stearic, but not for linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	20-23
12792999-1	2003	In order to study the effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid on the invasion of human gastric carcinoma cell line(SGC-7901) and explore its possible mechanism, the five levels of CLA in medium were designed as 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mmol/L respectively.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	184-187
15206789-4	2003	Therefore, in this study, we examined whether dietary linoleic acid altered ACMSD gene expression and its protein level.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	76-81
15206789-6	2003	In the rats fed with linoleic acid, ACMSD mRNA and its protein levels in the liver were strongly suppressed and serum quinolinic acid was significantly increased as compared with the rats fed on a fat-free diet.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	36-41
15206789-0	2003	Dietary linoleic acid suppresses gene expression of rat liver alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) and increases quinolinic acid in serum.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	62-129
15206789-0	2003	Dietary linoleic acid suppresses gene expression of rat liver alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) and increases quinolinic acid in serum.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	131-136
12640327-32	2003	In contrast, diets with a higher supply of linoleic acid (omega 6) increased significantly the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, like TNF-alpha.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	142-151
12667383-7	2003	Treatment of HUVECs with PPARalpha and PPARgamma activators-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and prostaglandin J(2), but not with stearic acid could augment PAI-I mRNA expression and protein secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	25-34
12667383-7	2003	Treatment of HUVECs with PPARalpha and PPARgamma activators-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and prostaglandin J(2), but not with stearic acid could augment PAI-I mRNA expression and protein secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	39-48
12507636-0	2003	Modulation of body fat and serum leptin levels by dietary conjugated linoleic acid in Sprague-Dawley rats fed various fat-level diets.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	33-39
12524473-0	2003	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid decreased cachexia, macrophage tumor necrosis factor-alpha production, and modifies splenocyte cytokines production.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	64-91
12508349-1	2003	AIM: To explore the inhibition of conjugated linoleic acid isomers in different purity (75 % purity c9,t11-, 98 % purity c9,t11- and 98 % purity t10,c12-CLA) on the formation of forestomach neoplasm and chemopreventive mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	clasper	Mus musculus	153-156
12501000-1	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has shown a wide range of biologically beneficial effects; reduction of incidence and severity of animal carcinogenesis, reduction of the adverse effects of immune stimulation, reduction of severity of atherosclerosis, growth promotion in young rats, and modulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD).	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Rattus norvegicus	300-323
12760791-1	2003	OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) on invasive ability of human gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC-7901) and to explore its possible mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	76-79
12406560-4	2002	Unsaturated fatty acids also showed cytotoxicity against a SNU16 human stomach cancer cell line and conjugated linoleic acid suppressed mRNA expression of several myc-target genes; ornithine decarboxylase, p53, cdc25a in the SNU16 cells.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	181-204
12406560-4	2002	Unsaturated fatty acids also showed cytotoxicity against a SNU16 human stomach cancer cell line and conjugated linoleic acid suppressed mRNA expression of several myc-target genes; ornithine decarboxylase, p53, cdc25a in the SNU16 cells.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	206-209
12406560-4	2002	Unsaturated fatty acids also showed cytotoxicity against a SNU16 human stomach cancer cell line and conjugated linoleic acid suppressed mRNA expression of several myc-target genes; ornithine decarboxylase, p53, cdc25a in the SNU16 cells.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	cell division cycle 25A	Homo sapiens	211-217
12443975-10	2002	Dantrolene, which blocks the ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel of the ER, significantly inhibited I/R-evoked release of docosahexaenoic, arachidonic, linoleic and oleic acids.	Linoleic Acid	149-157	ryanodine receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	29-47
12443975-10	2002	Dantrolene, which blocks the ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel of the ER, significantly inhibited I/R-evoked release of docosahexaenoic, arachidonic, linoleic and oleic acids.	Linoleic Acid	149-157	ryanodine receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
12881010-10	2003	The present study suggests that higher serum proportions of the n-6 PUFA linoleic acid and lower proportions of the MUFA trans-11-18:1 fatty acid predict a reduced incidence of breast cancer.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	68-72
12501000-1	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has shown a wide range of biologically beneficial effects; reduction of incidence and severity of animal carcinogenesis, reduction of the adverse effects of immune stimulation, reduction of severity of atherosclerosis, growth promotion in young rats, and modulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD).	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Rattus norvegicus	325-328
12490673-0	2002	Adipose depletion and apoptosis induced by trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic Acid in mice.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	WD and tetratricopeptide repeats 1	Mus musculus	0-7
12678440-5	2002	In wild type mitochondria, the 10-microM linoleic acid-stimulated UCP-activity-dependent respiration remained constant during the whole fruit development except in senescence where general respiratory decay was observed.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	putative uncoupling protein	Solanum lycopersicum	66-69
12490673-1	2002	OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of a conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer mixture (mCLA) with each main isomer [trans-10,cis-12 CLA (CLA10,12) and cis-9,trans-11 CLA (CLA9,11)] in causing body lipid loss and adipose tissue apoptosis.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	clasper	Mus musculus	71-74
12587978-10	2002	The effect of EGF and linoleic acid on this lipogenesis was reversed in the presence of both EGF and linoleic acid by downregulating the expression of EGF receptor mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	101-114	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	151-163
12468265-0	2002	Suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by conjugated linoleic acid in murine macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	93-106	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	15-31
12439913-1	2002	AIM: To determine the effect of apoptosis on gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901) induced by cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) and its possible mechanism in the inhibition of cancer cells growth.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	138-141
12364559-0	2002	Leptin levels in rat offspring are modified by the ratio of linoleic to alpha-linolenic acid in the maternal diet.	Linoleic Acid	60-68	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
12196511-6	2002	By contrast, yeast mitochondria expressing StUCP exhibited a higher sensitivity to free fatty acids than those from the control yeast and especially a marked proton conductance in the presence of low amounts of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	211-224	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1-like	Solanum tuberosum	43-48
12370214-0	2002	Supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid causes isomer-dependent oxidative stress and elevated C-reactive protein: a potential link to fatty acid-induced insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	100-118
12370214-0	2002	Supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid causes isomer-dependent oxidative stress and elevated C-reactive protein: a potential link to fatty acid-induced insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	insulin	Homo sapiens	159-166
12587978-3	2002	This study determined whether linoleic acid regulated the effect of EGF on lipid contents in human intestinal C2BBe1 cells.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	68-71
12587978-8	2002	Both EGF and linoleic acid strongly stimulated the expression of EGF receptor mRNA in C2BBe1 cells at 48 h compared with the control and combined groups.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	65-77
12587978-9	2002	Therefore, EGF and linoleic acid increased triacyl glycerol synthesis in C2BBe1 cells through stimulating the expression of EGF receptor mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	124-136
12587978-10	2002	The effect of EGF and linoleic acid on this lipogenesis was reversed in the presence of both EGF and linoleic acid by downregulating the expression of EGF receptor mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	93-96
12587978-10	2002	The effect of EGF and linoleic acid on this lipogenesis was reversed in the presence of both EGF and linoleic acid by downregulating the expression of EGF receptor mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	151-163
12587978-10	2002	The effect of EGF and linoleic acid on this lipogenesis was reversed in the presence of both EGF and linoleic acid by downregulating the expression of EGF receptor mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	101-114	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	14-17
12211379-0	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid depresses the delta9 desaturase index and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase enzyme activity in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	39-56
12138107-0	2002	Oleate and linoleate enhance the growth-promoting effects of insulin-like growth factor-I through a phospholipase D-dependent pathway in arterial smooth muscle cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-20	insulin like growth factor 1	Sus scrofa	61-89
12138107-5	2002	Furthermore, two fatty acids common in triglycerides, oleate and linoleate, enhance the growth-promoting effects of IGF-I in smooth muscle cells isolated from these animals.	Linoleic Acid	65-74	insulin like growth factor 1	Sus scrofa	116-121
12368402-1	2002	Interest in fortification of human foods, including pork, with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is growing and may provide benefits as a neutraceutical based on research evaluating CLA as an anticarcinogen, immune modulator, antiatherogenic agent and a body composition modulator.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	89-92
12368402-1	2002	Interest in fortification of human foods, including pork, with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is growing and may provide benefits as a neutraceutical based on research evaluating CLA as an anticarcinogen, immune modulator, antiatherogenic agent and a body composition modulator.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	179-182
12602934-8	2002	Dietrend, Vic-T and Ang, contained linoleic/alpha-linolenic ratios of 12:1, 29:1, and 82:1, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	35-43	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	20-23
12500930-3	2002	In multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, body mass index, and ethnicity, high intakes of linoleic acid were associated with more than a threefold greater risk of ER-negative disease than ER-positive disease (odds ratio (OR) = 3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.42-8.54), whereas high cholesterol intake was associated with lower risk of ER-negative disease (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.14-0.92).	Linoleic Acid	111-124	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	184-186
12500930-5	2002	While no striking associations were observed for the intakes of total carotenoids, selected fatty acids, and cholesterol, our analysis revealed an association for the consumption of a specific fatty acid (i.e., linoleic acid), suggesting dietary influence of this factor on ER status in premenopausal breast cancer patients.	Linoleic Acid	211-224	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	274-276
12196420-0	2002	Treatment with dietary trans10cis12 conjugated linoleic acid causes isomer-specific insulin resistance in obese men with the metabolic syndrome.	Linoleic Acid	47-60	insulin	Homo sapiens	84-91
12205043-1	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces mammary tumorigenesis in rodent models, induces apoptosis in rodent mammary tumor cell lines, and decreases expression of antiapoptotic bcl-2 in rat mammary tissue.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	175-180
12221225-3	2002	The net accumulation in the medium of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I was not affected by the fatty acids tested and moderate changes in that of apoB resulted in apoB/apoA-I mass ratios of 1.05, 1.27 and 0.86 with linoleic, linolelaidic and palmitic acids, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	207-215	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	138-142
12211379-0	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid depresses the delta9 desaturase index and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase enzyme activity in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	67-97
12211379-1	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to have an effect on subcutaneous fatty acid composition and has been reported to decrease stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) activity by decreasing mRNA expression and(or) catalytic activity in rodents and rodent cell lines.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	137-167
12214995-0	2002	Effect of dose of calcium salts of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on percentage and fatty acid content of milk fat in midlactation holstein cows.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	106-110
12211379-1	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to have an effect on subcutaneous fatty acid composition and has been reported to decrease stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) activity by decreasing mRNA expression and(or) catalytic activity in rodents and rodent cell lines.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	169-172
12214995-1	2002	Increasing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of milk fat from lactating dairy cattle has become a research interest due to the possible health benefits afforded humans consuming CLA.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	53-57
12211379-8	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid decreased the delta9 desaturase index (P &lt; 0.01) and SCD enzyme activity, expressed as nanomoles of palmitate converted to palmitoleate/(7 min x g of tissue) (P = 0.075) and nanomoles of palmitate converted to palmitoleate/(7 min 105 cells) (P= 0.056).	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	39-56
12211379-8	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid decreased the delta9 desaturase index (P &lt; 0.01) and SCD enzyme activity, expressed as nanomoles of palmitate converted to palmitoleate/(7 min x g of tissue) (P = 0.075) and nanomoles of palmitate converted to palmitoleate/(7 min 105 cells) (P= 0.056).	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	81-84
12108546-6	2002	Detection of lipid alkoxyl radicals formed by peroxidizing linoleic acid in a stationary system was therefore only possible with the most lipophilic spin trap, OcMPO.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
12086931-0	2002	Isomer-dependent metabolic effects of conjugated linoleic acid: insights from molecular markers sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and LXRalpha.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3	Mus musculus	96-153
12010762-8	2002	On the other hand, cis-9, trans-11 enhanced the UCP1 elicited by NE, an effect reported earlier for polyunsaturated fatty acids and also observed here for linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
12042419-3	2002	In the presence of linoleic acid as substrate, cells treated with 25 micromol/L of trans-10,cis-12 CLA had lower ratios of dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid to linoleic acid and of arachidonic acid to linoleic acid in phospholipids than control cells; with alpha-linolenic acid as substrate, they had a lower ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid to alpha-linolenic acid in phospholipids than control cells.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	99-102
12042419-3	2002	In the presence of linoleic acid as substrate, cells treated with 25 micromol/L of trans-10,cis-12 CLA had lower ratios of dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid to linoleic acid and of arachidonic acid to linoleic acid in phospholipids than control cells; with alpha-linolenic acid as substrate, they had a lower ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid to alpha-linolenic acid in phospholipids than control cells.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	99-102
12042419-3	2002	In the presence of linoleic acid as substrate, cells treated with 25 micromol/L of trans-10,cis-12 CLA had lower ratios of dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid to linoleic acid and of arachidonic acid to linoleic acid in phospholipids than control cells; with alpha-linolenic acid as substrate, they had a lower ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid to alpha-linolenic acid in phospholipids than control cells.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	99-102
12027667-4	2002	The reagent was exploited in a total synthesis of 13-oxotridec-9E,11E-dienoic acid, confirming the identity of this product that is generated upon autoxidation of linoleic acid and by decomposition of 13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoate (13-HPODE), especially in the presence of redox active transition metal ions, cytochrome p-450, or hydroperoxide lyase.	Linoleic Acid	163-176	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	316-332
12022881-6	2002	The protein phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid and nodularin enhanced the kinase activity of HRI when applied during HRI maturation/activation, while the PP5 activators arachidonic and linoleic acid repressed HRI activity when applied during HRI maturation/activation.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	protein phosphatase 5 catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	155-158
12432921-1	2002	The recently identified mouse 8(S)-lipoxygenase almost exclusively directs oxygen insertion into the 8(S) position of arachidonic acid and, with lower efficiency, into the 9(S) position of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	189-202	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	30-47
12061775-0	2002	Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity by the cis-9,trans-11 isomer and the trans-10,cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	121-134	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	14-37
12079847-2	2002	Impaired insulin sensitivity is associated with high proportions of palmitic (16:0) acid and low levels of linoleic (18:2 n-6) acid in serum.	Linoleic Acid	107-115	insulin	Homo sapiens	9-16
12906165-6	2002	Treatment of HUVECs with PPARalpha and PPAR gamma activators--linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and prostaglandin J2 respectively, but not with stearic acid could augment PAI-1 mRNA expression and protein secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	25-34
12906165-6	2002	Treatment of HUVECs with PPARalpha and PPAR gamma activators--linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and prostaglandin J2 respectively, but not with stearic acid could augment PAI-1 mRNA expression and protein secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	39-49
12906165-6	2002	Treatment of HUVECs with PPARalpha and PPAR gamma activators--linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and prostaglandin J2 respectively, but not with stearic acid could augment PAI-1 mRNA expression and protein secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	179-184
12060056-8	2002	In covariate analyses, baseline non-esterified linoleate proportions were associated with changes in fasting insulin and glucose concentrations over the 4-year follow-up.	Linoleic Acid	47-56	insulin	Homo sapiens	109-116
12060056-10	2002	CONCLUSIONS: High serum linoleate proportions decreased the risk of developing IFG or DM in middle-aged men over a 4-year follow-up, possibly mediated in part by insulin resistance.	Linoleic Acid	24-33	insulin	Homo sapiens	162-169
11988075-1	2002	The recently cloned Delta6-desaturase is known to catalyse the first step in very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, i.e. the desaturation of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids.	Linoleic Acid	159-167	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	26-37
11950783-1	2002	Linoleic acid has recently been shown to be glucuronidated in vitro by human liver and intestinal microsomes and recombinant UGT2B7.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7	Homo sapiens	125-131
11906823-13	2002	The addition of linoleic acid reverted this pattern and indicated that the Delta 5 desaturase activity is a limiting step in the polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	16-29	fatty acid desaturase 1	Rattus norvegicus	75-93
12144877-3	2002	Our results show lower Delta 6 and Delta 5 desaturase activities (the limiting steps in the bioconversion of linoleic acid into arachidonic acid) in the young SHR, as compared to the WKY normotensive rats.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	fatty acid desaturase 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-53
11925596-1	2002	AIM: To determine the effect of cis -9, trans -11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) on the cell cycle of gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901) and its possible mechanism in inhibition cancer growth.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	84-87
11939786-9	2002	Unlike most sPLA(2), which show no fatty acid preference, group V sPLA(2) released disproportionately more linoleate, and less arachidonate from lipoproteins.	Linoleic Acid	107-116	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	66-73
11880299-6	2002	Ceramide, a CCT inhibitor, was elevated, and linoleic acid, a CCT activator, was decreased in transgenics.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	t-complex protein 1	Mus musculus	62-65
11916926-1	2002	Delta-6 Desaturase, one of the rate-limiting enzymes, catalyzes the conversion of linoleic acid (C18:2 omega6) into gamma-linolenic acid (C18:3 omega6), arachidonic acid (C20:4 omega6), and further metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	0-18
12020636-0	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid decreases production of pro-inflammatory products in macrophages: evidence for a PPAR gamma-dependent mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	106-116
12058962-15	2002	For comparison, the effects of other UFAs were examined on VNR chemosensitivity: GLA was the most potent at enhancing VNR activity, followed by docosahexaenoic acid (22: 6n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (20: 5n-3) and alpha-linolenic acid (18: 3n-3), whereas linoleic acid (18: 2n-6) and arachidonic acid (20: 4n-6) did not increase VNR chemosensitivity.	Linoleic Acid	255-268	galactosidase alpha	Homo sapiens	81-84
12002308-6	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid reduced acetyl-CoA-carboxylase (CBX) activity in liver (P &lt; 0.05) and adipose tissues (P &lt; 0.01) but did not influence malic enzyme (ME) or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	171-204
12002308-9	2002	Conjugated linoleic acid reduced (P &lt; 0.05) triglycerides and total cholesterol in plasma with a trend to increased serum leptin (P = 0.06).	Linoleic Acid	11-24	leptin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	125-131
11932205-0	2002	Prolonged dietary treatment with conjugated linoleic acid stimulates porcine muscle peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma and glutamine-fructose aminotransferase gene expression in vivo.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1	Sus scrofa	137-172
11818164-4	2002	We had previously observed that diets supplemented with a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers expanded porcine CD8(+) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).	Linoleic Acid	80-93	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	125-128
12033451-3	2002	In this study we investigated the oxidation of various substrates (linoleic acid, methyl linoleate, phosphatidylcholine, isolated LDL, and human plasma) by the arachidonate 15-lipoxygenases from rabbit reticulocytes and soybeans aiming at elucidating the effects of substrate, lipoxygenase and reaction milieu on the contribution and mechanism of random oxidation and also the effect of antioxidant.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	176-188
12033451-7	2002	When free linoleic acid was incorporated into PC liposomes and oxidized by soybean lipoxygenase, the free acid was specifically oxygenated, whereas esterified linoleate gave random oxidation products exclusively.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	83-95
11890397-10	2002	Linoleate lamb had greater (P &lt; 0.0001) PUFA than Oleate lamb in muscle and adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	0-9	PUFA	Ovis aries	43-47
11925664-8	2002	While in healthy subjects a negative correlation between MCRglu and the content of saturated FA as well as a positive association between insulin action and the ration of linoleic and arachinonic acids were found, no such relation was found in the diabetic subjects.	Linoleic Acid	171-179	insulin	Homo sapiens	138-145
11825663-1	2002	The antiproliferative effects of two commercial preparations of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and their constituent isomers, cis-9, trans-11 (c9,t11)-CLA, c9,c11-CLA, and t10,c12-CLA, were determined in vitro using human colorectal (HT-29, MIP-101) and prostate (PC-3) carcinoma cells adapted to serum-free medium.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	RNA polymerase III subunit K	Homo sapiens	159-162
11887169-0	2002	Linoleic acid-stimulated vascular adhesion molecule-1 expression in endothelial cells depends on nuclear factor-kappaB activation.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	25-53
11887169-6	2002	In this study, we show that linoleic acid stimulates vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) protein and mRNA expression in cultured human endothelial cells, as assessed by immunofluorescence and Northern blotting.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	53-81
11887169-6	2002	In this study, we show that linoleic acid stimulates vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) protein and mRNA expression in cultured human endothelial cells, as assessed by immunofluorescence and Northern blotting.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	83-89
11887169-7	2002	Release of shedded soluble VCAM-1 from cultured human endothelial cells was also increased by the addition of linoleic acid, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).	Linoleic Acid	110-123	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
11887169-8	2002	By use of cultured rat aortic endothelial cells transfected with an IkappaB super-repressor (DeltaN2 cells), we provide evidence that NF-kappaB signalling is required in the linoleic acid-induced VCAM-1 expression in endothelial cells, whereas other transcription factors appear to be involved in the increased endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) production in response to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	174-187	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	196-202
11887169-8	2002	By use of cultured rat aortic endothelial cells transfected with an IkappaB super-repressor (DeltaN2 cells), we provide evidence that NF-kappaB signalling is required in the linoleic acid-induced VCAM-1 expression in endothelial cells, whereas other transcription factors appear to be involved in the increased endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) production in response to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	174-187	serpin family E member 1	Rattus norvegicus	358-363
11887169-8	2002	By use of cultured rat aortic endothelial cells transfected with an IkappaB super-repressor (DeltaN2 cells), we provide evidence that NF-kappaB signalling is required in the linoleic acid-induced VCAM-1 expression in endothelial cells, whereas other transcription factors appear to be involved in the increased endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) production in response to linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	391-404	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	196-202
11881938-6	2002	The concentrations of 18:2 (n-6) (corrected for 18:2 (n-6) in the control cultures) at 0, 24, and 48 h were 2.51, 0.38, and 0.11 mg/5 mL for the linoleic acid cultures compared to 2.10, 1.35, and 1.08 mg/5 mL for the linoleamide cultures.	Linoleic Acid	145-158	proline-rich transmembrane protein 1	Ovis aries	28-31
11807919-2	2002	Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are naturally occurring isomers of linoleic acid that, when added to the diet, improve food intake and body weight in mice injected with TNF.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	169-172
11923099-3	2002	We recently reported that arachidonic acid (20:4) or linoleic acid (18:2) supplementations result in increases in abundances of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in INS-1 beta-cell membrane lipids, suggesting that beta-cells express desaturases that catalyze generation of unsaturated fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-175
11741743-2	2002	It is derived primarily from dietary linoleic acid, and the rate-limiting step in its biosynthesis is the initial desaturation of linoleic acid via Delta-6 desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	148-166
11741743-2	2002	It is derived primarily from dietary linoleic acid, and the rate-limiting step in its biosynthesis is the initial desaturation of linoleic acid via Delta-6 desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	130-143	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	148-166
12416257-7	2002	The age-adjusted n-6 PUFA (linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) content was significantly higher in cases than in controls (P = 0.02).	Linoleic Acid	27-40	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	21-25
11694526-5	2002	The luciferase activities of both SREBP-1c promoter and LXRE enhancer constructs induced by co-expression of LXRalpha or -beta were strongly suppressed by the addition of various PUFAs (arachidonic acid &gt; eicosapentaenoic acid &gt; docosahexaenoic acid &gt; linoleic acid), whereas saturated or mono-unsaturated fatty acids had minimal effects.	Linoleic Acid	261-274	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	34-42
11756069-8	2002	RESULTS: Of the fatty acids studied, linoleic acid stimulated NF-kappaB and AP-1 transcriptional activation the most.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	62-71
11756069-8	2002	RESULTS: Of the fatty acids studied, linoleic acid stimulated NF-kappaB and AP-1 transcriptional activation the most.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	76-80
12190041-1	2002	UNLABELLED: Senescence is associated with a decreased activity of enzyme delta-6 desaturase, which converts linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	73-91
11834220-6	2002	The LDL receptor binding activity, protein and mRNA levels decreased as the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids increased (palmitic acid greater-than-or-equal oleic acid &gt; linoleic acid &gt; EPA) and the inverse relationship held whether or not cholesterol was included in the culture media.	Linoleic Acid	181-194	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	4-16
11834220-8	2002	The increased susceptibility to oxidation of the polyunsaturated fatty acids was unlikely to be a factor in the effect because EPA and linoleic acid (250 &amp;mgr;M) still downregulated the LDL receptor in the presence of the antioxidant vitamin E (50 &amp;mgr;M).	Linoleic Acid	135-148	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	190-202
11834220-9	2002	In conclusion, the polyunsaturates, linoleic acid and EPA, effectively downregulated the LDL receptor of HepG2 cells compared to palmitic acid.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	89-101
11675388-7	2002	LOX H1 protein was localized to the chloroplast and the protein, expressed in Escherichia coli, showed activity toward unesterified linoleic and linolenic acids and plastidic phosphatidylglycerol.	Linoleic Acid	132-140	linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase 2-1, chloroplastic	Solanum tuberosum	0-6
11739860-1	2001	In diabetes, the activity of Delta-6 desaturase, which converts linoleic acid (LA) into gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), the first step of arachidonic acid (AA) synthesis, is decreased, leading to alterations in membrane phospholipid composition.	Linoleic Acid	64-77	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	29-47
11742889-6	2001	In serum cholesterol esters, higher proportions of palmitoleic and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, a lower proportion of linoleic acid, and reduced estimated Delta5-desaturase activity were associated with higher PAI-1 levels.	Linoleic Acid	118-131	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	210-215
11750064-7	2001	Yeast cells transformed with a plasmid construct containing the cotton FAD2-3 coding region accumulate an appreciable amount of linoleic acid (18:2), not normally present in wild-type yeast cells, indicating that the gene encodes a functional FAD2 enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	128-141	delta(12)-fatty-acid desaturase FAD2	Gossypium hirsutum	71-75
11750064-7	2001	Yeast cells transformed with a plasmid construct containing the cotton FAD2-3 coding region accumulate an appreciable amount of linoleic acid (18:2), not normally present in wild-type yeast cells, indicating that the gene encodes a functional FAD2 enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	128-141	delta(12)-fatty-acid desaturase FAD2	Gossypium hirsutum	243-247
11735096-8	2001	While in HS there were significant negative correlations between MCR(glu) and the contents of saturated FA and a positive association between insulin action and proportions of linoleic and arachidonic acids, no significant relationships were found in diabetic subjects.	Linoleic Acid	176-184	insulin	Homo sapiens	142-149
11735097-5	2001	Among women (n = 40), serum GM-CSF levels were found to be positively associated with the proportion of palmitic acid (C16:0) and negatively with linoleic acid (C18:2omega-6), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6omega-3), and the proportion of total essential FA.	Linoleic Acid	146-159	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	28-34
11735097-6	2001	After excluding smoking women (n = 6), the associations among GM-CSF and serum linoleic acid concentration (r = -0.49, P =.003), arachidonic acid (r = -0.52, P =.001), and DHA (r = -0.34, P =.04) were strengthened.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	62-68
11735097-7	2001	The ratio of palmitic to linoleic and DHA acids was the single best predictor of serum GM-CSF in all subjects.	Linoleic Acid	25-33	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	87-93
11689017-5	2001	Compared to linoleate, DLPC significantly decreased cytochrome b(5), total cytochromes P450, CYP2E1 content and its corresponding activities.	Linoleic Acid	12-21	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	93-99
11750884-1	2001	The t10c12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces lipid accumulation in adipocytes in part by inhibiting heparin-releasable lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	lipoprotein lipase	Mus musculus	154-157
11597788-5	2001	A increased Delta(6)-desaturase activity is postulated as the cause for the increased level of desaturate products or the increased Delta6-activity index (Ratio of gamma-linoleic acid+dihomogamma-linolenic acid to linoleic acid) (1.21 vs. 0.27; P&lt;0.001).	Linoleic Acid	170-183	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	12-31
11903735-11	2001	Cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression was induced in RGM-1 cells by the addition of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-17
11714300-4	2001	Linoleate peroxidation by cytochrome c was inhibited by betanin, betanidin, catechin, and alpha-tocopherol with IC(50) values of 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 5 microM, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	0-9	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	26-38
11903735-15	2001	CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest the presence of fatty acid elongase and Delta5- and Delta6-desaturases synthesize arachidonic acid from linoleic acid in RGM-1 cells.	Linoleic Acid	140-153	fatty acid desaturase 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-106
12031258-0	2001	Linoleic acid induces MCP-1 gene expression in human microvascular endothelial cells through an oxidative mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	22-27
11713441-9	2001	CONCLUSION: Serum concentrations of linoleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were significantly lower in patients with severe cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mutations, suggesting an association between the basic defect and abnormal essential fatty acid metabolism in CF patients.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	124-175
12031258-4	2001	The present study focused on the mechanisms of linoleic acid-induced expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1).	Linoleic Acid	47-60	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	83-117
12031258-4	2001	The present study focused on the mechanisms of linoleic acid-induced expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1).	Linoleic Acid	47-60	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	119-124
12031258-6	2001	In addition, exposure to linoleic acid induced a time- and concentration-dependent overexpression of the MCP-1 gene.	Linoleic Acid	25-38	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	105-110
12031258-7	2001	Increased MCP-1 mRNA levels were observed in HMEC-1 treated with linoleic acid at doses as low as 10 &amp;mgr;M. Linoleic acid-induced overexpression of the MCP-1 gene was associated with a significant elevation of MCP-1 protein levels.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	10-15
12031258-7	2001	Increased MCP-1 mRNA levels were observed in HMEC-1 treated with linoleic acid at doses as low as 10 &amp;mgr;M. Linoleic acid-induced overexpression of the MCP-1 gene was associated with a significant elevation of MCP-1 protein levels.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	157-162
12031258-7	2001	Increased MCP-1 mRNA levels were observed in HMEC-1 treated with linoleic acid at doses as low as 10 &amp;mgr;M. Linoleic acid-induced overexpression of the MCP-1 gene was associated with a significant elevation of MCP-1 protein levels.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	157-162
12031258-7	2001	Increased MCP-1 mRNA levels were observed in HMEC-1 treated with linoleic acid at doses as low as 10 &amp;mgr;M. Linoleic acid-induced overexpression of the MCP-1 gene was associated with a significant elevation of MCP-1 protein levels.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	10-15
12031258-7	2001	Increased MCP-1 mRNA levels were observed in HMEC-1 treated with linoleic acid at doses as low as 10 &amp;mgr;M. Linoleic acid-induced overexpression of the MCP-1 gene was associated with a significant elevation of MCP-1 protein levels.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	157-162
12031258-7	2001	Increased MCP-1 mRNA levels were observed in HMEC-1 treated with linoleic acid at doses as low as 10 &amp;mgr;M. Linoleic acid-induced overexpression of the MCP-1 gene was associated with a significant elevation of MCP-1 protein levels.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	157-162
12031258-8	2001	Most importantly, preexposure of HMEC-1 to antioxidants, such as pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) or N-acetylcysteine (NAC), attenuated linoleic acid-induced MCP-1 mRNA expression.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	160-165
12031258-9	2001	The obtained results indicate that linoleic acid triggers MCP-1 gene expression in human microvascular endothelial cells through oxidative stress/redox-related mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	58-63
11595203-9	2001	Again, the percentage of activated neurons expressing GLUR2/3 was similar for the gastric distension (59.8-65.6%) and duodenal linoleic acid (60.6-67.0%) stimuli, and for the various subnuclei of the NTS.	Linoleic Acid	127-140	glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
11795855-0	2001	Trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid reduces triglyceride content while differentially affecting peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma2 and aP2 expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	101-150
11795855-0	2001	Trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid reduces triglyceride content while differentially affecting peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma2 and aP2 expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte	Mus musculus	155-158
11731333-1	2001	The mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are unknown, but one hypothesis is that they are mediated by the nuclear receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARalpha).	Linoleic Acid	63-76	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	210-219
11522680-8	2001	The effects of insulin or linoleic acid on syndecan 1, a cell surface HS PG, were similar to those on versican, but less pronounced.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	syndecan 1	Homo sapiens	43-53
12643112-2	2001	Oleic acid seems to offer a slight advantage over linoleic acid in reducing plasma glucose, insulin levels, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and triglycerides, but may also have atherogenic properties through another mechanism.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	insulin	Homo sapiens	92-99
11566183-3	2001	Kinetics of AtPUMP1-mediated H+ fluxes were determined for lauric, myristic, palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids.	Linoleic Acid	94-102	plant uncoupling mitochondrial protein 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	12-19
11477109-2	2001	Here we report the crystal structures of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 n-6) bound in the cyclooxygenase active site of Co(3+) protoporphyrin IX-reconstituted ovine PGHS-1 (Co(3+)-oPGHS-1) and compare the effects of active site substitutions on the rates of oxygenation of EPA, LA, and arachidonic acid (AA).	Linoleic Acid	83-96	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	200-206
11546665-0	2001	Linoleic acid both enhances activation and blocks Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 channels by two separate mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5	Homo sapiens	50-55
11546665-0	2001	Linoleic acid both enhances activation and blocks Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 channels by two separate mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
11546665-1	2001	Linoleic acid (LA) had two effects on human Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 channels expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells: an increase in the speed of current activation process (EC(50) = 2.4 and 2.7 microM for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively) and current inhibition (IC(50) = 6.6 and 7.4 for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5	Homo sapiens	44-49
11546665-1	2001	Linoleic acid (LA) had two effects on human Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 channels expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells: an increase in the speed of current activation process (EC(50) = 2.4 and 2.7 microM for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively) and current inhibition (IC(50) = 6.6 and 7.4 for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
11546665-1	2001	Linoleic acid (LA) had two effects on human Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 channels expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells: an increase in the speed of current activation process (EC(50) = 2.4 and 2.7 microM for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively) and current inhibition (IC(50) = 6.6 and 7.4 for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5	Homo sapiens	199-204
11546665-1	2001	Linoleic acid (LA) had two effects on human Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 channels expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells: an increase in the speed of current activation process (EC(50) = 2.4 and 2.7 microM for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively) and current inhibition (IC(50) = 6.6 and 7.4 for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	209-214
11546665-1	2001	Linoleic acid (LA) had two effects on human Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 channels expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells: an increase in the speed of current activation process (EC(50) = 2.4 and 2.7 microM for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively) and current inhibition (IC(50) = 6.6 and 7.4 for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5	Homo sapiens	199-204
11546665-1	2001	Linoleic acid (LA) had two effects on human Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 channels expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells: an increase in the speed of current activation process (EC(50) = 2.4 and 2.7 microM for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively) and current inhibition (IC(50) = 6.6 and 7.4 for Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	209-214
11591234-5	2001	The postprandial increase in plasma CCK concentration was lower on the MCT meal compared with all meals and was greater following the linoleate compared with the low-fat meal.	Linoleic Acid	134-143	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	36-39
11591234-8	2001	In conclusion, meals rich in linoleate are a potent stimulus for CCK release and lead to prolonged elevations of plasma bile acids and meals containing MCT inhibit CCK release and the subsequent increase in plasma bile acid concentrations.	Linoleic Acid	29-38	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	65-68
11699444-4	2001	Concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid in milk were highest in the fish oil (2.30 g/100 g of fatty acids) and fish oil with extruded soybean (2.17 g/100 g of fatty acids) diets compared with the control (0.56 g/100 g fatty acids) diet.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	46-50
11592738-2	2001	For example, LOX found in plants produce the corresponding 13- and 9-hydroperoxide derivatives of linoleic acid (13-HPOD and 9-HPOD).	Linoleic Acid	98-111	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	13-16
11454595-6	2001	A similar inhibitory effect on cellular and heparin-releasable LPL activity was observed when cardiomyocytes were cultured with 60 microM linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	lipoprotein lipase	Rattus norvegicus	63-66
11525870-9	2001	As cyclooxygenase-2 converts linoleic acid into lipid hydroperoxides, this provides a potential mechanism for increased production of genotoxic bifunctional electrophiles.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	3-19
11592738-4	2001	Here we report a high-performance liquid chromatographic method in combination with electron impact (EI)-MS detection that separates and characterizes the HPOD isomers generated by soybean LOX type I oxygenation of linoleic (LA) and linolenic acids as well as HPOD products produced by photosensitized oxidation of LA.	Linoleic Acid	215-223	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	189-192
11470359-0	2001	Roles of superoxide dismutase and catalase of Staphylococcus xylosus in the inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation.	Linoleic Acid	90-103	catalase	Staphylococcus xylosus	34-42
11448489-4	2001	The antioxidant activity of VIP assessed as its capability to scavenge peroxyl radicals during linoleic acid oxidation corresponded to 6.42+/-0.13 pIC(50) M, i.e. close to the concentration proved to protect strips against the anoxic--glucopenic and reperfusion damage.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	VIP peptides	Cavia porcellus	28-31
11467809-0	2001	Short communication: Consumer evaluation of milk high in conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	44-48
11396956-3	2001	The trans-10,cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid has been previously shown to repress the expression of the mouse SCD1 gene isomer by decreasing SCD gene expression as well as by direct inhibition of SCD enzyme activity.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	120-124
11396956-0	2001	Regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity by the trans-10,cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid in HepG2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	91-104	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	14-37
11441135-5	2001	Lysates prepared from cells overexpressing human 15-LO oxidized linoleic acid readily and in an almost exclusive enzymatic manner.	Linoleic Acid	64-77	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	49-54
11396956-3	2001	The trans-10,cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid has been previously shown to repress the expression of the mouse SCD1 gene isomer by decreasing SCD gene expression as well as by direct inhibition of SCD enzyme activity.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	120-123
11396956-3	2001	The trans-10,cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid has been previously shown to repress the expression of the mouse SCD1 gene isomer by decreasing SCD gene expression as well as by direct inhibition of SCD enzyme activity.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	151-154
11396956-4	2001	We studied the regulation of human stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) expression by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in cultured human hepatoblastoma cell line, HepG2.	Linoleic Acid	90-103	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	35-58
11396956-4	2001	We studied the regulation of human stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) expression by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in cultured human hepatoblastoma cell line, HepG2.	Linoleic Acid	90-103	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	60-63
11389595-6	2001	Kinetic analysis showed that mini-LOX dioxygenates linoleic acid with a catalytic efficiency approximately 3-fold higher than that of LOX-1 (33.3 x 10(6) and 10.9 x 10(6) M(-1) x s(-1), respectively), the activation energy of the reaction being 4.5 +/- 0.5 and 8.3 +/- 0.9 kJ x mol(-1) for mini-LOX and LOX-1, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	51-64	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	34-37
11406566-4	2001	We found that: (a) 15-LOX-1 was down-regulated in human esophageal carcinomas; (b) NSAIDs induced 15-LOX-1 expression during apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells; and (c) 15-LOX-1 inhibition suppressed NSAID-induced apoptosis, which was restored by 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid but not by its parent compound, linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	314-327	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	19-27
11389595-6	2001	Kinetic analysis showed that mini-LOX dioxygenates linoleic acid with a catalytic efficiency approximately 3-fold higher than that of LOX-1 (33.3 x 10(6) and 10.9 x 10(6) M(-1) x s(-1), respectively), the activation energy of the reaction being 4.5 +/- 0.5 and 8.3 +/- 0.9 kJ x mol(-1) for mini-LOX and LOX-1, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	51-64	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	303-308
11257467-0	2001	Different effects of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on lipoprotein lipase activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	lipoprotein lipase	Mus musculus	57-75
11471489-1	2001	Recently, we have demonstrated that omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid (LA) in presence of estradiol (E2) enhances proliferation and anchorage independent growth with down regulation of BRCA1 mRNA expression in MCF-7 cell line.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	184-189
11432467-0	2001	Method to produce 9(S)-hydroperoxides of linoleic and linolenic acids by maize lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	41-49	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase4	Zea mays	79-91
11432467-1	2001	Seed from maize (corn) Zea mays provides a ready source of 9-lipoxygenase that oxidizes linoleic acid and linolenic acid into 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid and 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z),15(Z)-octadecatrienoic acid, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase4	Zea mays	61-73
11506189-8	2001	The H. felis-induced reduction in sPLA2-IB activity may weaken the gastric barrier by reducing the local concentration of arachidonic and linoleic acid, liberated from membrane phospholipids, the major precursors of "cytoprotective" prostaglandins.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	34-42
11361131-4	2001	The recombinant lipoxygenases were then characterized as to substrate preference, pH profiles for the most common plant lipoxygenase substrates, linoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid, and the reaction products with the substrates linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and the triacylglycerol trilinolein.	Linoleic Acid	145-158	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	16-28
11361131-4	2001	The recombinant lipoxygenases were then characterized as to substrate preference, pH profiles for the most common plant lipoxygenase substrates, linoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid, and the reaction products with the substrates linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and the triacylglycerol trilinolein.	Linoleic Acid	232-245	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	16-28
11403653-1	2001	A procedure was developed for acylation of Bowman-Birk soybean proteinase inhibitor (BBI) by N-hydroxysuccinimide esters of oleic, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids in a dimethyl sulfoxide-dioxane-pyridine mixture.	Linoleic Acid	131-139	Bowman-Birk type proteinase inhibitor	Glycine max	43-83
11403653-1	2001	A procedure was developed for acylation of Bowman-Birk soybean proteinase inhibitor (BBI) by N-hydroxysuccinimide esters of oleic, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids in a dimethyl sulfoxide-dioxane-pyridine mixture.	Linoleic Acid	131-139	Bowman-Birk type proteinase inhibitor	Glycine max	85-88
11321679-4	2001	In the course of the 28th parabolic flight campaign of the European Space Agency we measured the activity of pure soybean lipoxygenase-1 on linoleic acid, by a fibre optics spectrometer developed on purpose.	Linoleic Acid	140-153	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	122-136
11385065-0	2001	Milk fat synthesis in dairy cows is progressively reduced by increasing supplemental amounts of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	124-137	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
11385065-1	2001	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements containing a variety of isomers reduce milk fat yield.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	82-86
11485167-1	2001	The oxidation of linoleic acid by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1) was inhibited in a time-dependent manner by 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal (HNE).	Linoleic Acid	17-30	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	42-56
11485167-1	2001	The oxidation of linoleic acid by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1) was inhibited in a time-dependent manner by 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal (HNE).	Linoleic Acid	17-30	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	58-63
11322990-9	2001	The main PUFA in mammals is linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	9-13
11256953-2	2001	In contrast with p(12S)-LOX, e(12S)-LOX and (12R)-LOX exhibited no or very low reactivity towards the customary substrates linoleic acid and arachidonic acid but metabolized the corresponding fatty acid methyl esters, which, in contrast, were not accepted as substrates by p(12S)-LOX.	Linoleic Acid	123-136	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type	Homo sapiens	45-53
11349944-5	2001	Our studies suggest that omega-6 fatty acids, and especially linoleic acid, cause endothelial cell dysfunction most markedly as well as can potentiate TNF-mediated endothelial cell injury.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	151-154
11243918-2	2001	We have shown previously that the omega-6 parent fatty acid, linoleic acid, or 3,3",4,4"-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77), an aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor agonist, independently can cause disruption of endothelial barrier function.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	110-113
11243918-3	2001	Furthermore, cellular enrichment with linoleic acid can amplify PCB-induced endothelial cell dysfunction.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	64-67
11243918-10	2001	Interestingly, cellular uptake and accumulation of linoleic acid was markedly enhanced in the presence of PCB 77.	Linoleic Acid	51-64	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	106-109
11257467-3	2001	Cells were exposed to the two CLA isomers and linoleic acid, which were bound to bovine serum albumin (BSA).	Linoleic Acid	46-59	albumin	Mus musculus	88-101
11341959-3	2001	Mouse sPLA(2)-X was found to induce a marked release of fatty acids including arachidonic acid and linoleic acid, which contrasted with little, if any, release by the action of group IB and IIA sPLA(2)s. In resting macrophages, sPLA(2)-X elicited a modest production of prostaglandin E(2) and thromboxane A(2).	Linoleic Acid	99-112	phospholipase A2, group X	Mus musculus	6-15
11642042-0	2001	[Characteristics of the aggregative state of the substrate in the reaction of 5-lipoxygenase oxidation of linoleic acid].	Linoleic Acid	106-119	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	78-92
11642042-3	2001	In order to investigate the kinetic parameters of 5-lipoxygenase reaction in vitro, extremely hydrophobic fatty acid substrate (linoleic acid) should be solubilized in the reaction mixture.	Linoleic Acid	128-141	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	50-64
11139400-4	2001	In contrast to any other potato tuber lipoxygenase, it exhibited dual positional specificity and produced roughly equimolar amounts of 13- and 9-hydroperoxides (or only a slight molar excess of 9-hydroperoxides) from linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	217-226	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	38-50
11139400-5	2001	We have used a homology model of pea 9/13-lipoxygenase to superimpose and compare the linoleate-binding pockets of different potato lipoxygenases of known positional specificity.	Linoleic Acid	86-95	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	42-54
11139400-6	2001	We then tested this model by using site-directed mutagenesis to identify some primary determinants of linoleate binding to potato 13/9-lipoxygenase and concluded that the mechanism determining positional specificity described for a cucumber lipoxygenase does not apply to potato 13/9-lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	102-111	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	135-147
11139400-6	2001	We then tested this model by using site-directed mutagenesis to identify some primary determinants of linoleate binding to potato 13/9-lipoxygenase and concluded that the mechanism determining positional specificity described for a cucumber lipoxygenase does not apply to potato 13/9-lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	102-111	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	241-253
11139400-6	2001	We then tested this model by using site-directed mutagenesis to identify some primary determinants of linoleate binding to potato 13/9-lipoxygenase and concluded that the mechanism determining positional specificity described for a cucumber lipoxygenase does not apply to potato 13/9-lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	102-111	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	241-253
11354256-2	2001	Most of LC-PUFA are derived from linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	11-15
11354256-8	2001	The increase of linoleic acid provided the substrate for the endogenous synthesis of (n-6) LC-PUFA, such as eicosadienoic acid (EDA), dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (AA).	Linoleic Acid	16-29	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	94-98
11233018-4	2001	Milk from cows fed fish oil contained higher concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid, transvaccenic acid, and total unsaturated fatty acids (0.68 and 2.51; 1.42 and 6.28; and 30.47 and 41.71 g/100 g of fat, respectively).	Linoleic Acid	74-87	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
11233018-5	2001	Butter made from the fish oil diet milk also had higher concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid, transvaccenic acid, and unsaturated fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	35-39
11233018-9	2001	Production of milk and butter with increased amounts of conjugated linoleic acid, transvaccenic acid, and other beneficial fatty acids may have a desirable impact on the health of consumers and lead to increased sales.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	14-18
11170430-6	2001	H-FABP displayed a similar rank order of affinity for compounds derived from linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	fatty acid binding protein 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
11166679-0	2001	Oleate, linoleate and cholesterol differently modify aspartyl- and glutamyl-aminopeptidase activities in primary cultures of rat astrocytes.	Linoleic Acid	8-17	glutamyl aminopeptidase	Rattus norvegicus	67-90
11787720-10	2001	In sterilized milk there was a slight decrease of linoleic acid (C18:2n6; -0.7% vs. fresh; P = 0.006) and arachidonic acid (C20:4n6; -2.5%; P = 0.045).	Linoleic Acid	50-63	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	14-18
11482901-0	2001	Linoleic and linolelaidic acids differentially influence proliferation and apoptosis of MOLT-4 leukaemia cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-8	transmembrane protein 132D	Homo sapiens	88-92
11482901-0	2001	Linoleic and linolelaidic acids differentially influence proliferation and apoptosis of MOLT-4 leukaemia cells.	Linoleic Acid	13-31	transmembrane protein 132D	Homo sapiens	88-92
11482901-1	2001	The effects of varying concentrations of linoleic acid and its transisomer linolelaidic acid on the proliferation the ultrastructural morphology of MOLT-4 T-lymphoblastic leukaemia cells were investigated.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	transmembrane protein 132D	Homo sapiens	148-152
11482901-8	2001	However, only wild-type p53 transcripts were amplified by RT-PCR of MOLT-4 cells exposed to phytohaemagglutinin, linoleic acid or linolelaidic acid.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	24-27
11482901-8	2001	However, only wild-type p53 transcripts were amplified by RT-PCR of MOLT-4 cells exposed to phytohaemagglutinin, linoleic acid or linolelaidic acid.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	transmembrane protein 132D	Homo sapiens	68-72
11482901-8	2001	However, only wild-type p53 transcripts were amplified by RT-PCR of MOLT-4 cells exposed to phytohaemagglutinin, linoleic acid or linolelaidic acid.	Linoleic Acid	130-147	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	24-27
11482901-8	2001	However, only wild-type p53 transcripts were amplified by RT-PCR of MOLT-4 cells exposed to phytohaemagglutinin, linoleic acid or linolelaidic acid.	Linoleic Acid	130-147	transmembrane protein 132D	Homo sapiens	68-72
11166679-6	2001	The results showed that oleic acid inhibits, while linoleic acid stimulates the activity of AspAP.	Linoleic Acid	51-64	aspartyl aminopeptidase	Rattus norvegicus	92-97
11104282-0	2000	Influence of dietary fish oil on conjugated linoleic acid and other fatty acids in milk fat from lactating dairy cows.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	83-87
12094615-0	2001	Linoleic acid-induced VCAM-1 expression in human microvascular endothelial cells is mediated by the NF-kappa B-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	22-28
12094615-0	2001	Linoleic acid-induced VCAM-1 expression in human microvascular endothelial cells is mediated by the NF-kappa B-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	100-110
12094615-2	2001	In this study, we examined the effects of linoleic acid on VCAM-1 expression and its transcriptional regulatory mechanism in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1).	Linoleic Acid	42-55	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	59-65
12094615-3	2001	Time- and dose-dependent increases of VCAM-1 mRNA levels were observed in linoleic acid-treated HMEC-1 as detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	38-44
12094615-4	2001	Flow cytometry analysis showed a significant and dose-dependent upregulation of VCAM-1 expression in HMEC-1 stimulated with linoleic acid compared with controls.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	80-86
12094615-5	2001	To clarify the transcriptional regulatory pathway, we investigated the role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) in the expression of VCAM-1 by linoleic acid in HMEC-1.	Linoleic Acid	146-159	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	79-101
12094615-5	2001	To clarify the transcriptional regulatory pathway, we investigated the role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) in the expression of VCAM-1 by linoleic acid in HMEC-1.	Linoleic Acid	146-159	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	103-113
12094615-5	2001	To clarify the transcriptional regulatory pathway, we investigated the role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) in the expression of VCAM-1 by linoleic acid in HMEC-1.	Linoleic Acid	146-159	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	136-142
12094615-6	2001	Nuclear extracts from HMEC-1 stimulated with linoleic acid showed a dose-dependent increase in binding activity to the NF-kappa B consensus sequences.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	119-129
12094615-8	2001	In addition, pretreatment with NF-kappa B inhibitors markedly suppressed the ability of linoleic acid to induce VCAM-1 gene expression.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	31-41
12094615-8	2001	In addition, pretreatment with NF-kappa B inhibitors markedly suppressed the ability of linoleic acid to induce VCAM-1 gene expression.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	112-118
12094615-9	2001	The role of NF-kappa B in linoleic acid-induced VCAM-1 expression was confirmed by functional promoter studies in HMEC-1 transfected with reporter constructs of the VCAM-1 promoter with or without mutated NF-kappa B binding site.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	12-22
12094615-9	2001	The role of NF-kappa B in linoleic acid-induced VCAM-1 expression was confirmed by functional promoter studies in HMEC-1 transfected with reporter constructs of the VCAM-1 promoter with or without mutated NF-kappa B binding site.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	48-54
12094615-9	2001	The role of NF-kappa B in linoleic acid-induced VCAM-1 expression was confirmed by functional promoter studies in HMEC-1 transfected with reporter constructs of the VCAM-1 promoter with or without mutated NF-kappa B binding site.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	165-171
12094615-9	2001	The role of NF-kappa B in linoleic acid-induced VCAM-1 expression was confirmed by functional promoter studies in HMEC-1 transfected with reporter constructs of the VCAM-1 promoter with or without mutated NF-kappa B binding site.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	205-215
12094615-10	2001	These results indicate that linoleic acid upregulates VCAM-1 expression in HMEC-1 through the NF-kappa B-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	54-60
12094615-10	2001	These results indicate that linoleic acid upregulates VCAM-1 expression in HMEC-1 through the NF-kappa B-dependent pathway.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	94-104
11156377-5	2000	We found that: (a) NSAIDs up-regulated 15-LOX-1, which preceded apoptosis; and (b) 15-LOX-1 inhibition blocked NSAID-induced apoptosis, which was restored by 13-S-HODE but not by its parent, linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	191-204	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	83-91
15254369-4	2000	The following findings were established: (1) PUMP was found in most of the higher plants tested; (2) since ATP inhibition of linoleic acid-induced membrane potential decrease varied, PUMP content might differ in different plant tissues, as observed with mitochondria from maize roots, maize seeds, spinach leaves, wheat shoots, carrot roots, cauliflower, broccoli, maize shoots, turnip root, and potato calli.	Linoleic Acid	125-138	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1	Zea mays	45-49
11137176-3	2001	Palmitic acid (C 16:0) significantly suppressed cell viability, and suppressed insulin secretion at 24 h. Treatment with oleic acid (C 18:1) or linoleic acid (C 18:2) enhanced basal insulin secretion and diminished glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) at 48 h. In these groups, there were no differences in cell viability as compared to cells treated without FFA.	Linoleic Acid	144-157	insulin	Homo sapiens	79-86
11137176-3	2001	Palmitic acid (C 16:0) significantly suppressed cell viability, and suppressed insulin secretion at 24 h. Treatment with oleic acid (C 18:1) or linoleic acid (C 18:2) enhanced basal insulin secretion and diminished glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) at 48 h. In these groups, there were no differences in cell viability as compared to cells treated without FFA.	Linoleic Acid	144-157	insulin	Homo sapiens	182-189
11177212-0	2000	Dietary conjugated linoleic acid mixture affects the activity of intestinal acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase in hamsters.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	76-120
11201993-0	2000	Linoleic acid metabolism in the spontaneously diabetic rat: delta6-desaturase activity vs. product/precursor ratios.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	60-77
11201993-1	2000	The activity of delta6-desaturase of linoleic acid, a rate-limiting step in the formation of arachidonic acid, is decreased in animal models of severe, uncontrolled diabetes.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	16-33
11087534-3	2000	The oat fraction did not act on the lipoxygenase enzyme but reduced the concentration of linoleic acid that serves as a substrate for lipoxygenase-1.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	134-148
11104282-9	2000	When the 2% fish oil diet was fed, concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid and transvaccenic acid in milk fat increased to 356% (to 2.2 g/ 100 g of total fatty acids) and 502% (to 6.1 g/100 g), respectively, of amounts when 0% fish oil was fed.	Linoleic Acid	64-77	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	104-108
10958825-0	2000	Conjugated linoleic acid is synthesized endogenously in lactating dairy cows by Delta(9)-desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Bos taurus	80-99
11108658-3	2000	In an initiation-promotion study, SENCAR mice treated topically with the PPARalpha ligands conjugated linoleic acid and 4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinylthioacetic acid (Wy-14643) exhibited an approximately 30% lower skin tumor yield compared with mice treated with vehicle.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	73-82
10854433-2	2000	Isothermal titration calorimetry demonstrates that recombinant human B-FABP clearly exhibits high affinity for the polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and for monounsaturated n-9 oleic acid (K(d) from 28 to 53 nm) over polyunsaturated n-6 fatty acids, linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid (K(d) from 115 to 206 nm).	Linoleic Acid	315-328	fatty acid binding protein 7	Homo sapiens	69-75
11003245-9	2000	Depleted copper status increased conjugated linoleic acid in milk.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	61-65
11092498-0	2000	Linoleic acid and oleic acid increase the endothelin-1 binding and action in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-54
11042099-4	2000	CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2J2, CYP2J3, CYP2J5, and CYP2J9 metabolized linoleic acid at rates comparable to arachidonic acid and produced linoleic acid monoepoxides as major products.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	cytochrome P450 1A2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-6
11042099-4	2000	CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2J2, CYP2J3, CYP2J5, and CYP2J9 metabolized linoleic acid at rates comparable to arachidonic acid and produced linoleic acid monoepoxides as major products.	Linoleic Acid	63-76	cytochrome P450 2E1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	8-14
11036226-6	2000	Formation of mixed micellar systems with linoleic acid (LA) accentuated the toxic effects of NaC.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	93-96
11023533-5	2000	Prostate adenocarcinoma tissues generated chirally pure 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid from exogenous linoleic acid, a preferred substrate of 15-LO-1.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	2-cell-stage, variable group, member 1	Mus musculus	147-151
10995790-6	2000	The suppression of CCR2 expression by OxLDL was mediated by lipid components of OxLDL, such as the oxidized linoleic acid metabolites 9-HODE and 13-HODE, known activators of PPARgamma.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	C-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	19-23
10995790-6	2000	The suppression of CCR2 expression by OxLDL was mediated by lipid components of OxLDL, such as the oxidized linoleic acid metabolites 9-HODE and 13-HODE, known activators of PPARgamma.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	174-183
11091103-0	2000	Acute reduction of serum leptin level by dietary conjugated linoleic acid in Sprague-Dawley rats.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	25-31
11091103-6	2000	On the other hand, leptin level in perirenal white adipose tissue was significantly lower in the conjugated linoleic acid-fed group than the control group at 12-week feeding.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	19-25
11091103-7	2000	In conclusion, these observations suggest dietary conjugated linoleic acid is an acute reducer of serum leptin level.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	104-110
10985906-0	2000	Activation of PPARgamma may mediate a portion of the anticancer activity of conjugated linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	87-100	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	14-23
10985906-2	2000	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) can activate PPARgamma in rat adipocytes, possibly explaining CLA"s antidiabetic effects in Zucker fatty rats.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	44-53
10917902-0	2000	The trans-10,cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid downregulates stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	Linoleic Acid	41-54	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	69-94
11021645-4	2000	The kinetics of soybean lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1) was studied using linoleic acid as the substrate.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	24-38
11021645-4	2000	The kinetics of soybean lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1) was studied using linoleic acid as the substrate.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	40-45
10946007-5	2000	In RFASMC, catalase protein, mRNA, and the enzyme activity are increased in response to oxidized linoleic acid (13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid [13-HPODE] and 13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid [13-HODE]), MO-LDL, or hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Linoleic Acid	97-110	catalase	Homo sapiens	11-19
10917902-3	2000	Treatment of differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the expression of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene (SCD1).	Linoleic Acid	82-95	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	165-190
10917902-3	2000	Treatment of differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the expression of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene (SCD1).	Linoleic Acid	82-95	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	197-201
10904086-3	2000	15-LOX-1 is the main enzyme for metabolizing colonic linoleic acid to 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE), which induces apoptosis.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	0-8
10873716-9	2000	Individual treatment with PCB, BSO, or linoleic acid induced activation of caspase 3.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	75-84
10903478-12	2000	Whereas myristate, palmitate, stearate, oleate and linoleate stimulated CETP activity to varying extents, all NEFAs suppressed LTIP activity.	Linoleic Acid	51-60	cholesteryl ester transfer protein	Homo sapiens	72-76
10903478-14	2000	In contrast, linoleate and myristate were poor inhibitors of LTIP activity.	Linoleic Acid	13-22	apolipoprotein F	Homo sapiens	61-65
10903479-0	2000	Inhibition of hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity by trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid and its derivatives.	Linoleic Acid	86-99	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	22-45
10903479-1	2000	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to decrease stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity by decreasing mRNA expression.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	61-84
10903479-1	2000	Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to decrease stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity by decreasing mRNA expression.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	86-89
10806298-0	2000	Effect of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (linoleic acid) on BRCA1 gene expression in MCF-7 cell line.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	64-69
10806298-2	2000	Since mutations in BRCA1 gene are known to predispose to breast cancers, and BRCA1 gene is known to be regulated by estradiol, the effect of linoleic acid, an omega-6-polyunsaturated fatty acid, with and without estradiol was studied for the expression of BRCA1 gene, in MCF-7 cell line, which has only one wild type allele.	Linoleic Acid	141-154	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	77-82
10806298-3	2000	MCF-7 cells exposed to either linoleic acid or estradiol showed relatively greater number of colonies on soft agar, extent of proliferation and BRCA1 mRNA expression compared with controls.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	144-149
10806298-2	2000	Since mutations in BRCA1 gene are known to predispose to breast cancers, and BRCA1 gene is known to be regulated by estradiol, the effect of linoleic acid, an omega-6-polyunsaturated fatty acid, with and without estradiol was studied for the expression of BRCA1 gene, in MCF-7 cell line, which has only one wild type allele.	Linoleic Acid	141-154	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	77-82
10806298-4	2000	However, cells treated with both linoleic acid and estradiol showed significantly higher number of colonies, proliferation index and appreciably decreased expression of BRCA1 mRNA compared with controls or cells treated with linoleic acid or estradiol alone.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	169-174
10814818-1	2000	The plastid omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD7) catalyzes the conversion of linoleic acid to linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic-like	Nicotiana tabacum	43-47
10806298-4	2000	However, cells treated with both linoleic acid and estradiol showed significantly higher number of colonies, proliferation index and appreciably decreased expression of BRCA1 mRNA compared with controls or cells treated with linoleic acid or estradiol alone.	Linoleic Acid	225-238	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	169-174
10806298-6	2000	From these observations it appears that diet rich in omega-6-polyunsaturated fatty acid like linoleic acid and endogenous estrogen may modulate BRCA1 gene expression thereby promoting breast cancer.	Linoleic Acid	93-106	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	144-149
10816426-3	2000	The platelet-type enzyme oxygenated arachidonic acid to 12- and 8-HETE and linoleic acid to 13- and 9-HODE, whereas the epidermis-type (12S)-lipoxygenase reaction was essentially mono-specific with arachidonic acid but oxygenated linoleic acid to both 13- and 9-HODE.	Linoleic Acid	230-243	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	136-153
24394403-4	2000	In this context, it is interesting that conjugated derivatives of linoleic acid (CLA) reduce the production of eicosanoids and regulate the production of Ig in a manner favourable to the prevention of allergic reactions.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	81-84
10760474-5	2000	Palmitic acid supplementation induces little change in these INS-1 cell lipids, but supplementation with linoleate or arachidonate induces a large rise in the fraction of INS-1 cell GPC species with polyunsaturated sn-2 substituents and a fall in oleate-containing species to yield a GPC profile similar to native islets.	Linoleic Acid	105-114	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	171-176
10816426-1	2000	A quantitative stereochemical analysis of the products generated by recombinant mouse (12S)-lipoxygenase isoenzymes was performed with arachidonic acid and linoleic acid as substrates.	Linoleic Acid	156-169	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	87-104
10816426-2	2000	The leucocyte-type (12S)-lipoxygenase generated, in addition to 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) as the main product, 15- and 8-HETE from arachidonic acid and 13- and 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13- and 9-HODE) from linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	228-241	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	20-37
10923778-8	2000	These results indicate that the hepatic mRNA abundance of the LDL receptor and of 7alpha-hydroxylase depended on the dietary combination of cholesterol and a fatty acid and suggest that a linoleic acid-rich diet may alleviate exogenous hypercholesterolemia by activating the process involved in the hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of serum cholesterol.	Linoleic Acid	188-201	low density lipoprotein receptor	Rattus norvegicus	62-74
10729206-7	2000	Correlation analysis was performed using individual samples of human liver microsomes, and the best correlation of linoleic acid epoxidation activity was with tolbutamide hydroxylase activity, CYP2C9.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	193-199
10729206-8	2000	Recombinant CYP2C9 was the most active in linoleic acid epoxygenation, and antibody and chemical inhibition also indicated the importance of CYP2C9.	Linoleic Acid	42-55	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	12-18
10802222-0	2000	Effect of cytochrome c on the linoleic acid-degrading activity of porcine leukocyte 12-lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	10-22
12548944-4	2000	Among the 13 acy1 donors compared, the best ones are the linoleic acid and oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	aminoacylase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
10767634-3	2000	It has been proposed that whereas fats in general could promote tumor development, individual milk fats like conjugated linoleic acid could exert inhibitory effects.	Linoleic Acid	120-133	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	94-98
10802222-0	2000	Effect of cytochrome c on the linoleic acid-degrading activity of porcine leukocyte 12-lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	84-99
10719376-6	2000	Linoleic acid, an abundant free fatty acid in plants which activates UCP, strongly inhibits cyanide-resistant respiration mediated by AOX.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	putative uncoupling protein	Solanum lycopersicum	69-72
10694258-9	2000	Among the lipids tested, only unsaturated free fatty acids such as oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids (0.2-2 microM) reversibly inhibited the ATP-dependent gating of native K(ACh) channels in atrial cells and hippocampal neurons, and of recombinant K(ACh) channels (GIRK1/4 and GIRK1/2) expressed in oocytes.	Linoleic Acid	74-82	potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 3	Rattus norvegicus	270-277
10889798-5	2000	Insulin resistance, and disorders characterized by insulin resistance, are associated with a specific fatty acid pattern of the serum lipids with increased proportions of palmitic (16:0) and palmitoleic acids (16:1 n-7) and reduced levels of linoleic acid (18:2 n-6).	Linoleic Acid	242-255	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
10889798-5	2000	Insulin resistance, and disorders characterized by insulin resistance, are associated with a specific fatty acid pattern of the serum lipids with increased proportions of palmitic (16:0) and palmitoleic acids (16:1 n-7) and reduced levels of linoleic acid (18:2 n-6).	Linoleic Acid	242-255	insulin	Homo sapiens	51-58
10889798-6	2000	The metabolism of linoleic acid seems to be disturbed with increased proportions of dihomo-gamma linolenic acid (20:3 n-6) and a reduced activity of the delta 5 desaturase, while the activities of the delta 9 and delta 6 desaturases appear to be increased.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	153-171
10694258-9	2000	Among the lipids tested, only unsaturated free fatty acids such as oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids (0.2-2 microM) reversibly inhibited the ATP-dependent gating of native K(ACh) channels in atrial cells and hippocampal neurons, and of recombinant K(ACh) channels (GIRK1/4 and GIRK1/2) expressed in oocytes.	Linoleic Acid	74-82	potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 3	Rattus norvegicus	282-289
10691630-2	2000	When the effect of calcium on the oxidation of linoleic acid by potato tuber 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) was investigated, it was seen to promote the enzyme"s activity at pH values higher than the optimum pH of 6.3, resulting in an enzyme activation at alkaline pH.	Linoleic Acid	47-60	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	77-91
10706389-5	2000	In addition, linoleic acid peroxidation initiated by hydroxyl radicals was decreased by 4-HPR to the same extent as by vitamin E.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	haptoglobin-related protein	Homo sapiens	90-93
10691630-2	2000	When the effect of calcium on the oxidation of linoleic acid by potato tuber 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) was investigated, it was seen to promote the enzyme"s activity at pH values higher than the optimum pH of 6.3, resulting in an enzyme activation at alkaline pH.	Linoleic Acid	47-60	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	93-96
10691630-5	2000	It was concluded that the aggregation mode rather than the aggregation state of linoleic acid is responsible for potato 5-LOX changes.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	122-125
10678680-3	1999	Conjugated linoleic acid was found to modify prostaglandin metabolism and delta9-desaturase activity and influence apoptosis.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	fatty acid desaturase 3	Homo sapiens	74-91
10682306-5	2000	Following incubation with palmitate, long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD)-deficient fibroblasts compared with controls showed elevation of hydroxypalmitoyl- and palmitoyl-carnitine and reduction of C10- and shorter acylcarnitines, and following incubation with linoleate an increase in C14:2-, C18:2- and hydroxy-C18:2- acylcarnitines and reduction in C10:1-acylcarnitines.	Linoleic Acid	275-284	hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	37-79
10682306-5	2000	Following incubation with palmitate, long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD)-deficient fibroblasts compared with controls showed elevation of hydroxypalmitoyl- and palmitoyl-carnitine and reduction of C10- and shorter acylcarnitines, and following incubation with linoleate an increase in C14:2-, C18:2- and hydroxy-C18:2- acylcarnitines and reduction in C10:1-acylcarnitines.	Linoleic Acid	275-284	hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	81-86
10700478-10	2000	There was a significant correlation between adipocyte membrane oleic/linoleic acid and insulin-mediated glucose transport (p&lt;0.001) but no relationship between insulin-stimulated glucose transport and change in endothelium-dependent FMD.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	insulin	Homo sapiens	87-94
10634945-5	2000	While 9-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HPODE), derived from octadecdienoic acid (linoleic acid) is the major lipoxygenase product formed in control potato tubers, 9-hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid (9-HPOTrE), derived from octadecatrienoic acid (alpha-linolenic acid) is the major lipoxygenase product formed in potato tubers in response to injury or infection with Rhizoctonia bataticola.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	113-125
10617950-6	2000	RESULTS: Our results indicated that linoleic acid and TNF-alpha independently, but more markedly in concert, up-regulated caspase-3 activity and induced annexin V binding and DNA fragmentation.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	122-131
10617950-6	2000	RESULTS: Our results indicated that linoleic acid and TNF-alpha independently, but more markedly in concert, up-regulated caspase-3 activity and induced annexin V binding and DNA fragmentation.	Linoleic Acid	36-49	annexin A5	Homo sapiens	153-162
10629821-5	1999	Infusions increased the conjugated linoleic acids content of milk fat from 0.43 g/100 g of fat for the control treatment to 1.02, 1.52, and 0.95 g/100 g of fat for conjugated linoleic acid supplements 1, 2, and 3, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	61-65
10629821-8	1999	However, conjugated linoleic acid supplements reduced the content and yield of milk fat by 28 and 25%, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	79-83
10539783-1	1999	increases concentrations of conjugated linoleic, docosahexaenoic and transvaccenic acids in milk of dairy cows.	Linoleic Acid	39-47	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	92-96
10539783-2	1999	Modification of milk fat to contain long-chain (n-3) fatty acids and increased concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid has potential for improving health of consumers.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	16-20
10428978-0	1999	Conjugated linoleic acid is a potent naturally occurring ligand and activator of PPARalpha.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	81-90
10606035-5	1999	Incubations performed in the presence of glutathione peroxidase revealed that lipoxygenase activity of potato leaves generated the 9- and 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic acid in a ratio of 95:5.	Linoleic Acid	159-172	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	78-90
10606035-7	1999	It was concluded that the main pathway of linoleic acid metabolism in potato leaves involved 9-lipoxygenase-catalyzed oxygenation into linoleic acid 9(S)-hydroperoxide followed by rapid conversion of this hydroperoxide into epoxy alcohols and a slower, epoxide hydrolase-catalyzed conversion of the epoxy alcohols into trihydroxy-octadecenoates.	Linoleic Acid	42-55	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	95-107
10529238-5	1999	However, with linoleic and arachidonic acids inserted into PDM-micelles, LOX1 synthesized exclusively 9- and 5-hydroperoxides, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	14-22	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	73-77
10506115-1	1999	13-S-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE), the product of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolism of linoleic acid, enhances cellular mitogenic responses to certain growth factors.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	61-76
10504416-5	1999	The L-FABP protein has low affinity for palmitic and oleic acids and high affinity for linoleic and arachidonic acids and other hydrophobic ligands, all of them important for the metabolic functions of the liver.	Linoleic Acid	87-95	fatty acid binding protein 1	Gallus gallus	4-10
10479653-3	1999	Indeed, catalase abolished the Ang II-stimulated increase of IGF-1R protein expression, and accordingly, H(2)O(2) (0.2 mmol/L) or the oxidized products of linoleic acid, hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acids (10 micromol/L), increased IGF-1R mRNA levels at 3 hours by 74+/-20% and 107+/-22% and increased receptor number at 24 hours by 51+/-6.7% and 55+/-7.4%, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	155-168	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
10526224-2	1999	We tested this hypothesis by investigating the intestinal absorption and the status of linoleic acid in mdr2 Pgp-deficient mice which secrete phospholipid-free bile.	Linoleic Acid	87-100	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 4	Mus musculus	104-108
10574646-2	1999	Fatty acid analyses of hepatocytes showed that EGF treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the relative levels of 20:4omega6 (arachidonic acid) and an increase in 18:2omega6 (linoleic acid).	Linoleic Acid	183-196	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
10493789-1	1999	Previous measurements of the kinetics of oxidation of linoleic acid by soybean lipoxygenase 1 have indicated very large deuterium isotope effects, but have not been able to distinguish the primary isotope effect from the alpha-secondary effect.	Linoleic Acid	54-67	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	79-93
10424759-8	1999	On the other hand, treatment of cells with Ro318220, which has considerably less isoform specificity, almost totally blocked the effect of linoleic acid on FSdT15 internalization, implying the involvement of a nonclassical PKC isoform in the process.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	223-226
10428978-1	1999	We have previously shown that a mixture of dietary conjugated derivatives of linoleic acid (conjugated linoleic acid, CLA) induces peroxisome proliferator-responsive enzymes and modulates hepatic lipid metabolism in vivo.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	118-121
10409760-10	1999	Finally, we show that the expression of p20K is regulated by linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid binding to p20K.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	extracellular fatty acid-binding protein	Gallus gallus	40-44
10409760-10	1999	Finally, we show that the expression of p20K is regulated by linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid binding to p20K.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	extracellular fatty acid-binding protein	Gallus gallus	111-115
10409760-11	1999	The addition of linoleic acid to contact-inhibited CEF markedly repressed the synthesis of p20K without inducing mitogenesis.	Linoleic Acid	16-29	extracellular fatty acid-binding protein	Gallus gallus	91-95
10409760-13	1999	Therefore, we have identified C/EBPbeta as a key activator of a growth arrest-specific gene in CEF and implicated an essential fatty acid, linoleic acid, in regulation of the QRU and the p20K lipocalin gene.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	extracellular fatty acid-binding protein	Gallus gallus	187-191
10509870-0	1999	The linoleic acid metabolite, 13-HpODE augments the phosphorylation of EGF receptor and SHP-2 leading to their increased association.	Linoleic Acid	4-17	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mesocricetus auratus	71-83
10481820-1	1999	In particular with respect to infant nutrition knowledge of the current contents of trans fatty acids (TFA) and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA in human milk lipids is of interest.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	141-144
10509870-1	1999	In previous studies with Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts, we found that a specific lipoxygenase metabolite of linoleic acid, 13(S)-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (HpODE), enhanced epidermal growth factor (EGF) signal transduction in a tumor suppressor gene plus phenotype (supB+); with a diminished response to 13(S)-HpODE in a tumor suppressor gene minus phenotype (supB-).	Linoleic Acid	112-125	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	183-206
10509870-1	1999	In previous studies with Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts, we found that a specific lipoxygenase metabolite of linoleic acid, 13(S)-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (HpODE), enhanced epidermal growth factor (EGF) signal transduction in a tumor suppressor gene plus phenotype (supB+); with a diminished response to 13(S)-HpODE in a tumor suppressor gene minus phenotype (supB-).	Linoleic Acid	112-125	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	208-211
10791055-0	1999	[Kinetic mechanisms of linoleic acid oxidation by 5-lipoxygenase from Solanum tuberosum L].	Linoleic Acid	23-36	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	50-64
10552543-3	1999	Moreover, when the oxidizing level of the medium is increased by the addition of linoleic acid or soybean lipoxygenase with linoleic acid, the crude enzymatic extracts of olives reduce the destructive capacity of soybean lipoxygenase on chlorophylls to one-sixth.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	221-233
10552543-3	1999	Moreover, when the oxidizing level of the medium is increased by the addition of linoleic acid or soybean lipoxygenase with linoleic acid, the crude enzymatic extracts of olives reduce the destructive capacity of soybean lipoxygenase on chlorophylls to one-sixth.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	106-118
10552543-3	1999	Moreover, when the oxidizing level of the medium is increased by the addition of linoleic acid or soybean lipoxygenase with linoleic acid, the crude enzymatic extracts of olives reduce the destructive capacity of soybean lipoxygenase on chlorophylls to one-sixth.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	221-233
10393216-4	1999	Regarding protein levels of these enzymes, the amount of tyrosinase was decreased by linoleic acid and increased by palmitic acid, whereas the amounts of TRP1 and TRP2 did not change after incubation with fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	85-98	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	57-67
10393216-6	1999	Further, it was shown that linoleic acid accelerated, while palmitic acid decelerated, the proteolytic degradation of tyrosinase.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	118-128
15539317-2	1999	Two principal metabolic defects are altered lipid metabolism resulting from the impairment of delta-6-desaturase, which converts linoleic acid (LA) into gamma linolenic acid (GLA), and reduced nerve Na+, K+ ATPase activity.	Linoleic Acid	129-142	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	94-112
10404015-1	1999	A study was designed to examine the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) and the relationship of these factors to bone metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	113-141
10404015-1	1999	A study was designed to examine the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) and the relationship of these factors to bone metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	143-148
10404015-1	1999	A study was designed to examine the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) and the relationship of these factors to bone metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	176-181
10791055-1	1999	Linoleic acid oxidation by 5-lipoxygenase from Solanum tuberosum has been studied as affected by sodium dodecylsulfate (Ds-Na).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	27-41
10791055-9	1999	At this point, each molecule of 5-lipoxygenase bound 3 molecules of Ds-Na and 1 molecule of linoleic acid, thus the total number of occupied binding sites was 4.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	32-46
10791055-13	1999	Replacing linoleic acid in the binding site, Ds-Na activates the enzyme, possibly due to the much more effective translocation of 5-lipoxygenase to the surface of lipid aggregates.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	5-lipoxygenase	Solanum tuberosum	130-144
10403380-2	1999	When 293 cells prelabeled with 13H]AA were incubated with exogenous PUFAs in the presence of IL-1 and serum, there was a significant increase in [3H]AA release (in the order AA &gt; linoleic acid &gt; oleic acid), which was augmented markedly by sPLA2-IIA and modestly by type IV cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), but only minimally by type VI Ca2(+)-independent PLA2, overexpression.	Linoleic Acid	182-195	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	93-97
10386321-0	1999	Conjugated linoleic acid and other anticarcinogenic agents of bovine milk fat.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	69-73
10362749-7	1999	CYP4A8 did not catalyze arachidonic or linoleic acid but did have a detectable lauric acid omega-hydroxylation activity.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 8	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
10386321-2	1999	Milk fat contains a number of components, such as conjugated linoleic acid, sphingomyelin, butyric acid, ether lipids, beta-carotene, and vitamins A and D that have anticancer potential.	Linoleic Acid	61-74	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	0-4
9784625-0	1998	cAMP inhibits linoleic acid-induced growth by antagonizing p27(kip1) depletion, but not interfering with the extracellular signal-regulated kinase or AP-1 activities.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	interferon alpha inducible protein 27	Homo sapiens	59-62
10073956-4	1999	Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR)gamma is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to various mediators such as 15-deoxy-Delta12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) and oxidized linoleic acid (9- and 13-HODE).	Linoleic Acid	239-252	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	0-61
9799511-7	1998	Free L-1 in solution is less accessible to the polar solvent and converts linoleic acid to conjugated dienes, whereas surface binding increases solvent accessibility and stimulates conjugated ketodiene production.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	5-8
9812904-8	1998	In contrast, addition of oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid resulted in a significant increase in PAI-1 secretion from both cell types.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	132-137
10320806-1	1999	Conjugated diene isomers of linoleic acid (CLA) are normal constituents of certain foods and exhibit anticarcinogenic and antiatherogenic properties.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	43-46
10231436-10	1999	This effect was AA specific, as only AA and its precursor linoleic acid stimulated JNK1/SAPK activity.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	83-87
10231436-10	1999	This effect was AA specific, as only AA and its precursor linoleic acid stimulated JNK1/SAPK activity.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Homo sapiens	88-92
10066369-8	1999	After solvent extraction, we find by GC analysis linoleic acid as major endogenous ligand of purified kFA-p34.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	alpha and gamma adaptin binding protein	Homo sapiens	106-109
9933587-16	1999	Moreover, linoleic acid, a physiological ligand, up-regulated FATP expression 2-fold in a PPRE-dependent manner.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	solute carrier family 27 (fatty acid transporter), member 1	Mus musculus	62-66
9989800-5	1999	Linoleic acid and carbaprostacyclin, both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta and alpha ligand-activators, were more effective but less specific, stimulating lipid formation in both types of cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	Rattus norvegicus	42-90
10083838-3	1999	alpha-Amyrin, lupeol and lupeol linoleate are much less potent as inhibitors of rat brain Ca(2+)- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (PKC) (IC50 values 32, 82 and 35 microM; respectively) and alpha-amyrin linoleate and the palmitate esters of lupeol and alpha-amyrin are ineffective or very poor inhibitors of this protein kinase.	Linoleic Acid	32-41	KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	125-139
10083838-3	1999	alpha-Amyrin, lupeol and lupeol linoleate are much less potent as inhibitors of rat brain Ca(2+)- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (PKC) (IC50 values 32, 82 and 35 microM; respectively) and alpha-amyrin linoleate and the palmitate esters of lupeol and alpha-amyrin are ineffective or very poor inhibitors of this protein kinase.	Linoleic Acid	32-41	KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	322-336
9931410-5	1999	To validate this luminometric method the kinetic parameters of 15-LOX catalyzed oxygenation of linoleic acid (Km=3.7 microM, kcat=17 s-1) were determined and we observed a good agreement with previously published data obtained with a spectrophotometric assay.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	66-69
9989264-0	1999	Conjugated linoleic acid activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and beta subtypes but does not induce hepatic peroxisome proliferation in Sprague-Dawley rats.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	35-83
9989264-1	1999	Since conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has structural and physiological characteristics similar to peroxisome proliferators, we hypothesized that CLA would activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR).	Linoleic Acid	17-30	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	163-205
9989264-1	1999	Since conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has structural and physiological characteristics similar to peroxisome proliferators, we hypothesized that CLA would activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR).	Linoleic Acid	17-30	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	207-211
10563851-5	1999	The pseudo-base and quinoidal-base malvidin 3-glucoside significantly inhibited the peroxidation of linoleate by myoglobin.	Linoleic Acid	100-109	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	113-122
9820810-7	1998	The prepared Arg403--&gt;Leu mutant of the rabbit 15-lipoxygenase was found to be a less effective catalyst of linoleic acid oxygenation.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	50-65
9929599-3	1998	In isolated TRCs, the PUFAs, linoleic (C18:2), linolenic (C18:3) and arachidonic acid (C20:4) inhibit KDR in a concentration-dependent manner in both strains, while the unsaturated lauric acid (C12:0) was ineffective.	Linoleic Acid	29-37	kinase insert domain receptor	Rattus norvegicus	102-105
9784625-0	1998	cAMP inhibits linoleic acid-induced growth by antagonizing p27(kip1) depletion, but not interfering with the extracellular signal-regulated kinase or AP-1 activities.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	63-67
9784625-3	1998	Linoleic acid-induced early growth response events, such as activation of ERKs, induction of expression of c-fos and jun-B and stimulation of AP-1 activity, however, were not affected by cAMP.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	107-112
9784625-3	1998	Linoleic acid-induced early growth response events, such as activation of ERKs, induction of expression of c-fos and jun-B and stimulation of AP-1 activity, however, were not affected by cAMP.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	117-122
9784625-4	1998	In contrast, linoleic acid-induced c-jun expression was blocked by cAMP.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	35-40
9784625-6	1998	Linoleic acid induced depletion of p27kip1 and increased CDK2 activity, events required for G1/S transition.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	35-42
9784625-6	1998	Linoleic acid induced depletion of p27kip1 and increased CDK2 activity, events required for G1/S transition.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	57-61
9784625-8	1998	These findings suggest that in addition to inducing immediate early growth response events, linoleic acid mimics growth factors in activating cell cycle events that are associated with G1/S transition in SMC and the negative regulation of linoleic acid-induced growth by cAMP is apparently due to its antagonism with linoleic acid-induced p27kip1 depletion and CDK2 activation.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	339-346
9784625-8	1998	These findings suggest that in addition to inducing immediate early growth response events, linoleic acid mimics growth factors in activating cell cycle events that are associated with G1/S transition in SMC and the negative regulation of linoleic acid-induced growth by cAMP is apparently due to its antagonism with linoleic acid-induced p27kip1 depletion and CDK2 activation.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	361-365
9784625-8	1998	These findings suggest that in addition to inducing immediate early growth response events, linoleic acid mimics growth factors in activating cell cycle events that are associated with G1/S transition in SMC and the negative regulation of linoleic acid-induced growth by cAMP is apparently due to its antagonism with linoleic acid-induced p27kip1 depletion and CDK2 activation.	Linoleic Acid	239-252	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	339-346
9784625-8	1998	These findings suggest that in addition to inducing immediate early growth response events, linoleic acid mimics growth factors in activating cell cycle events that are associated with G1/S transition in SMC and the negative regulation of linoleic acid-induced growth by cAMP is apparently due to its antagonism with linoleic acid-induced p27kip1 depletion and CDK2 activation.	Linoleic Acid	239-252	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	361-365
9784625-8	1998	These findings suggest that in addition to inducing immediate early growth response events, linoleic acid mimics growth factors in activating cell cycle events that are associated with G1/S transition in SMC and the negative regulation of linoleic acid-induced growth by cAMP is apparently due to its antagonism with linoleic acid-induced p27kip1 depletion and CDK2 activation.	Linoleic Acid	239-252	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	339-346
9784625-8	1998	These findings suggest that in addition to inducing immediate early growth response events, linoleic acid mimics growth factors in activating cell cycle events that are associated with G1/S transition in SMC and the negative regulation of linoleic acid-induced growth by cAMP is apparently due to its antagonism with linoleic acid-induced p27kip1 depletion and CDK2 activation.	Linoleic Acid	239-252	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	361-365
9853364-4	1998	Since linoleic acid (LA) is the most abundant PUFA in mammals, its LPO products dominate.	Linoleic Acid	6-19	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	46-50
9765545-0	1998	Characterization of transgenic tobacco with an increased alpha-linolenic acid level Microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase catalyzes the conversion of 18:2 (linoleic acid) to 18:3 (alpha-linolenic acid) in phospholipids, which are the main constituents of extrachloroplast membranes.	Linoleic Acid	160-173	omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum	Nicotiana tabacum	85-125
9705287-4	1998	Linoleic acid, an excellent substrate for 15-LO, was metabolized poorly by the Caco-2 cells, but NaBT treatment shifted metabolism to 15-LO metabolite, 13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	42-47
9722553-3	1998	Even when the LDL particle was loaded with free linoleic acid, cholesteryl linoleate constituted the major LOX substrate.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	107-110
9705287-7	1998	Expression of 15-LO mRNA was dependent on the duration of NaBT treatment, with the highest expression observed between 10 and 24 h. Results from expression and metabolism studies with arachidonic and linoleic acid cells indicated Cox-2 was responsible for the lipid metabolism in control cells, whereas 15-LO was the major enzyme responsible after NaBT induction of apoptosis and cell differentiation.	Linoleic Acid	200-213	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	14-19
9705287-7	1998	Expression of 15-LO mRNA was dependent on the duration of NaBT treatment, with the highest expression observed between 10 and 24 h. Results from expression and metabolism studies with arachidonic and linoleic acid cells indicated Cox-2 was responsible for the lipid metabolism in control cells, whereas 15-LO was the major enzyme responsible after NaBT induction of apoptosis and cell differentiation.	Linoleic Acid	200-213	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	230-235
9681988-3	1998	Both spermidine and spermine acted as uncompetitive inhibitors of lipoxygenase-1 with respect to linoleic acid, the inhibition constants being 2.70 and 0.80 mM, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	66-80
9751273-0	1998	Linoleic acid and tumor necrosis factor-alpha increase manganese superoxide dismutase activity in intestinal cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	55-85
9727611-0	1998	A new conjugated linoleic acid isomer, 7 trans, 9 cis-octadecadienoic acid, in cow milk, cheese, beef and human milk and adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	83-87
9693089-1	1998	Lipoxygenase (LOX) is an enzyme that regioselectively introduces the hydroperoxide functionality into polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	139-152	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	0-12
9693089-1	1998	Lipoxygenase (LOX) is an enzyme that regioselectively introduces the hydroperoxide functionality into polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	139-152	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	14-17
9880919-6	1998	The NtFAD3 gene under the control of CaMV35S promoter stably expressed in the transgenic rice plants and modified the proportions of linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3) in fatty acids; the content of 18:2 decreased and that of 18:3 increased.	Linoleic Acid	133-146	omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum	Nicotiana tabacum	4-10
9685717-0	1998	Reactivity of soybean lipoxygenase-1 to linoleic acid entrapped in phosphatidylcholine vesicles.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	22-36
9685717-3	1998	The Km values of L-1 for the linoleic acids in soy-PC, DMPC, and DPPC vesicles were 0.07, 0.09, and 0.11 mM, respectively, being comparable with that for Tween-20 micellar linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	17-20
9727611-0	1998	A new conjugated linoleic acid isomer, 7 trans, 9 cis-octadecadienoic acid, in cow milk, cheese, beef and human milk and adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	112-116
9727611-1	1998	The identity of a previously unrecognized conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer, 7 trans, 9 cis-octadecadienoic acid (18:2) was confirmed in milk, cheese, beef, human milk, and human adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	141-145
9727611-1	1998	The identity of a previously unrecognized conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer, 7 trans, 9 cis-octadecadienoic acid (18:2) was confirmed in milk, cheese, beef, human milk, and human adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	167-171
9647748-7	1998	The change in leptin"s electrophoretic mobility depends on the chain length and the number of double bonds of the fatty acid, as stearic acid, 18:0, had no effect whereas oleic acid, 18:1n-9, linoleic acid, 18:2n-6, arachidonic acid, 20:4n-6, and docosahexaneoic acid, 22:6n-3, affected leptin"s mobility to different degrees.	Linoleic Acid	192-205	leptin	Homo sapiens	14-20
9704011-1	1998	Conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid that occur naturally in foods.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	clasper	Mus musculus	49-52
9704011-1	1998	Conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid that occur naturally in foods.	Linoleic Acid	115-128	clasper	Mus musculus	49-52
9684751-1	1998	The ubiquitous hydroxylated fatty acids derived from arachidonic acid (HETEs) or linoleic acid (HODEs) exhibit diverse biological effects including chemotaxis, cell proliferation, and modulation of several enzymatic pathways, including the 5-lipoxygenase leading to the inflammatory leukotrienes.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	240-254
9684751-2	1998	It was observed that 12(S)- and 15(S)-HETE and 13(S)-HODE (12- and 15-lipoxygenase-derived metabolites, respectively) inhibited the 5-lipoxygenase present in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-1) cell homogenates whereas the 15(R) chiral enantiomer and the nonhydroxylated linoleic, oleic, and stearic acids were either less potent or ineffective.	Linoleic Acid	267-275	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	68-82
9635497-0	1998	An ergosterol peroxide, a natural product that selectively enhances the inhibitory effect of linoleic acid on DNA polymerase beta.	Linoleic Acid	93-106	DNA polymerase beta	Rattus norvegicus	110-129
9748733-9	1998	The concentration of apolipoprotein B correlated positively with myristic acid (14:0) and negatively with concentrations of oleic acid (18:1n-9) and linoleic acid (18:2n-6).	Linoleic Acid	149-162	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	21-37
10189072-4	1998	Using 20 month old Sprague-Dawley rats fed a diet with a subnormal level of vitamin B6, we evaluated D6D activity for linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in liver microsomes, and the fatty acid composition of microsomal total lipids.	Linoleic Acid	118-131	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	101-104
9636164-7	1998	Arachidonic acid and linoleic acid mimicked Ang II-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc and activation of p21ras.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	44-50
9636164-7	1998	Arachidonic acid and linoleic acid mimicked Ang II-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc and activation of p21ras.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	87-90
9636164-7	1998	Arachidonic acid and linoleic acid mimicked Ang II-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc and activation of p21ras.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	109-115
9630716-0	1998	Linoleic acid peroxidation by Solanum tuberosum lipoxygenase was activated in the presence of human 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	48-60
9630716-0	1998	Linoleic acid peroxidation by Solanum tuberosum lipoxygenase was activated in the presence of human 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	102-114
9841547-5	1998	Linoleic acid suppressed intake and stimulated Fos expression similarly to glucose infusions of three times the caloric value.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
9641268-6	1998	The cardiolipin-cytochrome c lipid peroxidation system could mimic the lipid peroxidation of the submitochondrial particles, in terms of linoleic acid products and the inhibitory patterns of radical scavengers and electron transfer chain inhibitors.	Linoleic Acid	137-150	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	16-28
9569236-11	1998	When cultures expressing 15-LO protein were incubated with 10 microM linoleic acid (LA) instead of AA, and were stimulated with ionophore, they generated 13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	25-30
9643019-5	1998	METHODS: (1) Lipid peroxides were formed by incubation of linoleic acid with lipoxygenase from soybean, separated by thin layer chromatography and incubated with tetramethylbenzidine.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	77-89
9566998-0	1998	Dietary fatty acid sources affect conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in milk from lactating dairy cows.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	77-81
9626568-12	1998	Gas chromatographic determinations of linoleic acid in LDL in presence of the MPO system showed that this polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) is easily attacked by HOCl.	Linoleic Acid	38-51	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	78-81
9538254-10	1998	Among the phospholipase A2 hydrolysis products of phospholipids, unsaturated fatty acids (oleate, linoleate, and arachidonate) and lysophospholipid (lysophosphatidylcholine) by themselves broke lysosomes down directly, whereas saturated fatty acids (palmitate and stearate) had little effect.	Linoleic Acid	98-107	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	10-26
9690711-1	1998	In previous studies, we reported that vascular wall cells such as endothelial cells metabolize linoleic acid to 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) via the 15-lipoxygenase pathway.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	161-176
9654400-3	1998	For example, the linoleic acid metabolite 13(S)-HpODE enhances EGF-dependent growth by inhibiting de-phosphorylation of the EGFR which leads to activation of the MAP kinase pathway.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	63-66
9540977-5	1998	Furthermore, physiologic doses of the fatty acids oleic acid, linoleic acid, and eicosatetraynoic acid, which are also activators of PPARalpha, also induced involucrin and transglutaminase protein and mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	133-142
9540977-5	1998	Furthermore, physiologic doses of the fatty acids oleic acid, linoleic acid, and eicosatetraynoic acid, which are also activators of PPARalpha, also induced involucrin and transglutaminase protein and mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	involucrin	Homo sapiens	157-188
9548900-3	1998	The permeability coefficient of LHRH was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) greater through EtOH, lauric acid/EtOH, palmitic acid/EtOH, oleic acid/EtOH, linoleic acid/EtOH, and linolenic acid/EtOH treated epidermis than the control (untreated epidermis).	Linoleic Acid	146-159	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
9536053-5	1998	Compared with oxidation of LOX"s preferred substrate, linoleic acid, the activity with NON was about 400- to 1000-fold less.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	28-31
9654400-3	1998	For example, the linoleic acid metabolite 13(S)-HpODE enhances EGF-dependent growth by inhibiting de-phosphorylation of the EGFR which leads to activation of the MAP kinase pathway.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mesocricetus auratus	124-128
9480827-4	1998	Substrate specificity of the purified recombinant protein revealed LOX activity towards linoleic, linolenic acid, arachidonic acids as substrates with linoleic acid being the best substrate.	Linoleic Acid	88-96	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 2	Solanum tuberosum	67-70
9514051-3	1998	We report that while linoleic acid and arachidonic acid reduced the expression of nm-23-H1, gamma linolenic acid (GLA) and its soluble lithium salt markedly increased the expression of the molecules.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	82-90
9548589-11	1998	The release of linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid (OA) from A23187- and 4alpha-TPA-treated keratinocytes suggests activation of sPLA2.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	phospholipase A2, group IIA (platelets, synovial fluid)	Mus musculus	127-132
9548592-4	1998	Examination of the specificity of REH activity for 11-cis-retinyl esters of varied acyl chain length (-myristate, -palmitate, and -stearate) and degree of saturation (-oleate and -linoleate) further demonstrated that palmitate is the preferred fatty acyl moiety.	Linoleic Acid	180-189	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
9480827-4	1998	Substrate specificity of the purified recombinant protein revealed LOX activity towards linoleic, linolenic acid, arachidonic acids as substrates with linoleic acid being the best substrate.	Linoleic Acid	151-164	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 2	Solanum tuberosum	67-70
9450993-7	1998	Our proposal is strongly supported by the observation that peroxisomal Idp3p is essential for growth on the unsaturated fatty acids arachidonic, linoleic and petroselinic acid, which require 2, 4-dienoyl-CoA reductase activity.	Linoleic Acid	145-153	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) IDP3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	71-76
9600699-6	1998	Linoleic acid, curcumin and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) also significantly inhibited DBP DNA adduction (26-46%) while N-acetylcysteine (NAC) had no effect.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	88-91
10909820-0	1998	The effect of a conjugated linoleic acid on superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in oxidatively-challenged liver cells.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	catalase	Homo sapiens	66-74
9538194-5	1998	Like linoleic acid, fetal bovine serum also inhibited IFN gamma-induced cellular damage.	Linoleic Acid	5-18	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	54-63
9514087-9	1998	PLA2 specific activity of membranes from control and EtOH-exposed mouse brain exhibited preference for arachidonic acid over linoleic acid at the sn-2 position of glycero-3-phosphocholine (PC).	Linoleic Acid	125-138	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	0-4
9538194-0	1998	Protective effect of linoleic acid on IFN gamma-induced cellular injury in primary culture hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	38-47
9538194-6	1998	Increased NAD levels were found in both IFN gamma-treated and non-treated hepatocytes following the addition of PUFAs, but clofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator, bromophenacyl bromide (BPB), an inhibitor of phospholipase, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), an inhibitor of lipoxygenase, and arachidonic acid, a metabolite of linoleic acid, did not inhibit IFN gamma-induced cellular injury.	Linoleic Acid	324-337	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	40-49
9538194-3	1998	Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) increased cellular respiration of hepatocytes, but only linoleic acid showed some protective effect against IFN gamma-induced cellular respiration suppression.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	144-153
9538194-4	1998	Linoleic acid also reduced other IFN gamma-mediated cellular injuries, including membrane breakage and protein synthesis inhibition.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	33-42
9507987-0	1998	Regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene expression by oxidized linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	14-47
9467967-4	1998	Induced activation of JNK1 by arachidonic acid is specific as other fatty acids such as linoleic and stearic acids had no such effect.	Linoleic Acid	88-96	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	22-26
9591240-0	1998	Dietary linoleic acid alters alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD), a key enzyme of niacin synthesis from tryptophan, in the process of protein expression in rat liver.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	29-96
9591240-0	1998	Dietary linoleic acid alters alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD), a key enzyme of niacin synthesis from tryptophan, in the process of protein expression in rat liver.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	98-103
9591240-2	1998	In this study, we examined whether dietary linoleic acid alters the protein expression of ACMSD in rat liver.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	90-95
9591240-4	1998	With the use of this polyclonal antibody and analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis, we studied the mechanism by which the level of liver ACMSD activity was varied in rats fed a linoleic acid diet.	Linoleic Acid	183-196	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	143-148
9591240-5	1998	In the rats fed a dietary linoleic acid (L), ACMSD protein levels in the liver were strongly suppressed as compared with the rats fed a fat-free diet (FF).	Linoleic Acid	26-39	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	45-50
9591240-6	1998	These results suggest that the expression level of ACMSD might be modulated by linoleic acid or their metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	51-56
9448728-4	1998	As a comparison, linoleic acid was incubated with microsomal prostaglandin-endoperoxide H synthase-1 (PGHS-1) from ovine vesicular gland.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	102-108
9448728-6	1998	The stereochemistry of the hydrogen which was removed from C-11 during the conversion of linoleic acid into hydroxy acids in the presence of PGHS-1 or PGHS-2 was determined by incubation of [(11R)-2H]- and [(11S)-2H]linoleic acids followed by mass spectrometric analysis of the isotope contents of the individual hydroxy acid isomers.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4	Homo sapiens	59-63
9448728-0	1998	Stereochemistry of oxygenation of linoleic acid catalyzed by prostaglandin-endoperoxide H synthase-2.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	61-100
9448728-1	1998	Linoleic acid was incubated with prostaglandin-endoperoxide H synthase-2 (PGHS-2) from ovine placenta.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	33-72
9448728-1	1998	Linoleic acid was incubated with prostaglandin-endoperoxide H synthase-2 (PGHS-2) from ovine placenta.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	74-80
9448728-3	1998	Analysis by straight-phase high-performance liquid chromatography followed by chiral-phase high-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated that linoleic acid was preferentially oxygenated at C-9 to produce the following mixture of HODs: 9(R)-HOD (52%), 9(S)-HOD (11%), 13(R)-HOD (2%), and 13(S)-HOD (35%).	Linoleic Acid	148-161	complement C9	Homo sapiens	195-198
9448728-4	1998	As a comparison, linoleic acid was incubated with microsomal prostaglandin-endoperoxide H synthase-1 (PGHS-1) from ovine vesicular gland.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	61-100
9448728-6	1998	The stereochemistry of the hydrogen which was removed from C-11 during the conversion of linoleic acid into hydroxy acids in the presence of PGHS-1 or PGHS-2 was determined by incubation of [(11R)-2H]- and [(11S)-2H]linoleic acids followed by mass spectrometric analysis of the isotope contents of the individual hydroxy acid isomers.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	141-147
9448728-6	1998	The stereochemistry of the hydrogen which was removed from C-11 during the conversion of linoleic acid into hydroxy acids in the presence of PGHS-1 or PGHS-2 was determined by incubation of [(11R)-2H]- and [(11S)-2H]linoleic acids followed by mass spectrometric analysis of the isotope contents of the individual hydroxy acid isomers.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	151-157
9469597-4	1998	CER 1 has an exceptional molecular structure as it contains a linoleic acid linked to a long-chain omega-hydroxy acid (C &gt; 30).	Linoleic Acid	62-75	CER1	Sus scrofa	0-5
9745111-0	1998	A linoleic acid enriched diet increases serum cholesterol esterification by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase in meal-fed rats.	Linoleic Acid	2-15	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	76-112
9745111-10	1998	It is concluded that a linoleic acid rich diet may cause increased metabolism of serum cholesterol by LCAT in rats.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	102-106
9454884-3	1998	The clones overexpressing rat peroxisomal AOX, when exposed to a fatty acid substrate (100 microM linoleic acid) for 6 to 96 h, demonstrated &gt; 10-fold increase of intracellular H2O2.	Linoleic Acid	98-111	acyl-CoA oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-45
9454884-5	1998	These cell lines stably expressing AOX formed colonies in soft agar in proportion to the duration (1-7 weeks) of exposure to a fatty acid substrate (100 microM linoleic acid, erucic acid or nervonic acid) and these transformants developed into fibrosarcomas when injected in athymic nude mice.	Linoleic Acid	160-173	acyl-Coenzyme A oxidase 1, palmitoyl	Mus musculus	35-38
9503158-3	1998	CPT I activity was markedly inhibited by soya oil, rich in linoleic acid (70% inhibition vs control).	Linoleic Acid	59-72	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
9421444-5	1998	Within 4 h of exposing these cells to 30 microM darglitazone, there was an increase in UCP2 mRNA which reached a plateau of 5-10 times the basal in about 8 h. In all cells TZDs (darglitazone, troglitazone) were more active than the predominantly PPAR alpha ligands WY-14,613 and clofibrate, or the non-selective ligand linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	319-332	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
9698032-1	1998	To elucidate further the role of placental membrane fatty acid-binding protein (p-FABPpm) in preferential transfer of maternal plasma long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) across the human placenta, direct binding of the purified protein with various radiolabelled fatty acids (docosahexaenoic, arachidonic, linoleic and oleic acids) was investigated.	Linoleic Acid	318-326	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Homo sapiens	82-88
9435160-3	1998	CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 converted [14C]linoleic acid to 14C-labeled 11-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (11-HODE), whereas [14C]arachidonic acid was oxygenated by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 to 14C-labeled 13-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (13-HETE), 10-HETE and 7-HETE as determined by HPLC.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
9435160-3	1998	CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 converted [14C]linoleic acid to 14C-labeled 11-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (11-HODE), whereas [14C]arachidonic acid was oxygenated by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 to 14C-labeled 13-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (13-HETE), 10-HETE and 7-HETE as determined by HPLC.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 8	Homo sapiens	8-14
9435160-3	1998	CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 converted [14C]linoleic acid to 14C-labeled 11-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (11-HODE), whereas [14C]arachidonic acid was oxygenated by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 to 14C-labeled 13-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (13-HETE), 10-HETE and 7-HETE as determined by HPLC.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	16-22
9435160-3	1998	CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 converted [14C]linoleic acid to 14C-labeled 11-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (11-HODE), whereas [14C]arachidonic acid was oxygenated by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 to 14C-labeled 13-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (13-HETE), 10-HETE and 7-HETE as determined by HPLC.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19	Homo sapiens	24-31
9435160-3	1998	CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 converted [14C]linoleic acid to 14C-labeled 11-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (11-HODE), whereas [14C]arachidonic acid was oxygenated by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 to 14C-labeled 13-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (13-HETE), 10-HETE and 7-HETE as determined by HPLC.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	36-42
9435160-3	1998	CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 converted [14C]linoleic acid to 14C-labeled 11-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (11-HODE), whereas [14C]arachidonic acid was oxygenated by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 to 14C-labeled 13-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (13-HETE), 10-HETE and 7-HETE as determined by HPLC.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 2	Homo sapiens	177-183
9435160-3	1998	CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 converted [14C]linoleic acid to 14C-labeled 11-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (11-HODE), whereas [14C]arachidonic acid was oxygenated by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 to 14C-labeled 13-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (13-HETE), 10-HETE and 7-HETE as determined by HPLC.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	188-194
9698032-2	1998	Binding of these fatty acids to the protein revealed that p-FABPpm had higher affinities and binding capacities for arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids compared with linoleic and oleic acids.	Linoleic Acid	168-176	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Homo sapiens	60-66
9698032-3	1998	The apparent binding capacities (Bmax) values for oleic, linoleic, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids were 2.0 +/- 0.14, 2.1 +/- 0.17, 3.5 +/- 0.11, 4.0 +/- 0.10 mol per mol of p-FABPpm whereas the apparent dissociation constant (Kd) values were 1.0 +/- .0.07, 0.73 +/- 0.04, 0.45 +/- 0.03 and 0.4 +/- 0.02 microM, respectively (n=3).	Linoleic Acid	57-65	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Homo sapiens	182-188
9483379-7	1997	The results showed a significant increase in insulin secretion observed after culture with 1 mmol/l oleic and linoleic acid compared to the other concentrations and the control culture for all the secretagogues used.	Linoleic Acid	110-123	insulin	Homo sapiens	45-52
9575575-16	1998	LPAAT-alpha transfection increases linolenate incorporation into PA at the expense of linoleate incorporation, which is reversed by LSF.	Linoleic Acid	86-95	1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
9575575-17	1998	LPAAT-beta increases both linoleate and linolenate incorporation into PA, which is also reduced by LSF.	Linoleic Acid	26-35	1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	0-10
9606747-0	1998	Effect of a high linoleic acid diet on delta 9-desaturase activity, lipogenesis and lipid composition of pig subcutaneous adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Sus scrofa	39-57
9558730-16	1998	We have found that the total C18:2 and 20:4 diacyl species of phosphatidylethanolamine in peritoneal macrophages relates in a positive curvilinear fashion with dietary linoleic acid intake; that TNF induced IL1 and IL6 production relate in a positive curvilinear fashion to linoleic acid intake; that leukotriene B4 production relates positively with dietary linoleic acid intake over a range of moderate intakes and is suppressed at high intakes, while PGE2 production is enhanced.	Linoleic Acid	168-181	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	195-198
9558730-16	1998	We have found that the total C18:2 and 20:4 diacyl species of phosphatidylethanolamine in peritoneal macrophages relates in a positive curvilinear fashion with dietary linoleic acid intake; that TNF induced IL1 and IL6 production relate in a positive curvilinear fashion to linoleic acid intake; that leukotriene B4 production relates positively with dietary linoleic acid intake over a range of moderate intakes and is suppressed at high intakes, while PGE2 production is enhanced.	Linoleic Acid	168-181	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	215-218
9558730-16	1998	We have found that the total C18:2 and 20:4 diacyl species of phosphatidylethanolamine in peritoneal macrophages relates in a positive curvilinear fashion with dietary linoleic acid intake; that TNF induced IL1 and IL6 production relate in a positive curvilinear fashion to linoleic acid intake; that leukotriene B4 production relates positively with dietary linoleic acid intake over a range of moderate intakes and is suppressed at high intakes, while PGE2 production is enhanced.	Linoleic Acid	274-287	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	195-198
9558730-16	1998	We have found that the total C18:2 and 20:4 diacyl species of phosphatidylethanolamine in peritoneal macrophages relates in a positive curvilinear fashion with dietary linoleic acid intake; that TNF induced IL1 and IL6 production relate in a positive curvilinear fashion to linoleic acid intake; that leukotriene B4 production relates positively with dietary linoleic acid intake over a range of moderate intakes and is suppressed at high intakes, while PGE2 production is enhanced.	Linoleic Acid	274-287	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	195-198
9499182-7	1997	The content of the conjugated linoleic acid c9,t11 could be raised considerably up to triple the normal amount by different changes in feeding.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	complement C9	Bos taurus	44-50
9450644-0	1997	Inhibition of Fe(II) catalyzed linoleic acid oxidation and DNA damage by phosvitin.	Linoleic Acid	31-44	casein kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	73-82
9450644-1	1997	The oxidation of linoleic acid catalyzed by Fe(II) is strongly inhibited by phosvitin, while chelation with EDTA, NTA or deferoxamine produced only partial inhibition.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	casein kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	76-85
9355754-1	1997	The purified 15-lipoxygenase from rabbit reticulocytes is capable of oxidizing NADH in the presence of linoleic acid and oxygen.	Linoleic Acid	103-116	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	13-28
9344408-8	1997	The Theta-class rGSTs showed higher GSH peroxidase activity than rGSTA1-2 toward hydroperoxides of cumene, arachidonic acid, and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	129-142	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-73
9235921-0	1997	The linoleic acid metabolite, (13S)-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid, augments the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway by attenuation of receptor dephosphorylation.	Linoleic Acid	4-17	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mesocricetus auratus	82-114
9430382-12	1997	Linoleic acid, in high amounts, is known to inhibit the delta6 fatty acid desaturase enzyme and with the competition between n-6 and n-3 fatty acids for the enzymes of desaturation and elongation it does focus on a high n-6/n-3 ratio as a critical factor in both insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	56-84
9430382-12	1997	Linoleic acid, in high amounts, is known to inhibit the delta6 fatty acid desaturase enzyme and with the competition between n-6 and n-3 fatty acids for the enzymes of desaturation and elongation it does focus on a high n-6/n-3 ratio as a critical factor in both insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	263-270
9374137-0	1997	Linoleic acid potentiates TNF-mediated oxidative stress, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis of cultured vascular endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	26-29
9244397-0	1997	Myoglobin-catalyzed bis-allylic hydroxylation and epoxidation of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	0-9
9244397-7	1997	Thus, although the myoglobin-promoted hydroxylation of linoleic acid into 11-hydroxylinoleic acid lacked apparent stereospecificity and produced equal amounts of the R and S enantiomers, the course of the reaction was stereospecific and involved hydrogen abstraction and oxygen insertion occurring with retention of absolute configuration of the carbon atom hydroxylated.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	19-28
9235921-2	1997	In Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) fibroblasts, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase activity regulates the metabolism of endogenous linoleic acid to (13S)-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13S)-HPODE).	Linoleic Acid	148-161	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mesocricetus auratus	44-76
9235921-2	1997	In Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) fibroblasts, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase activity regulates the metabolism of endogenous linoleic acid to (13S)-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13S)-HPODE).	Linoleic Acid	148-161	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mesocricetus auratus	78-82
9177185-7	1997	These features contrast with the previously reported 15S-lipoxygenase, which oxygenates arachidonic acid mainly at C-15, but also partly at C-12, and for which linoleic acid is an excellent substrate.	Linoleic Acid	160-173	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B	Homo sapiens	53-69
9254057-1	1997	In the monocytic THP-1 cells, the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor simvastatin (5 microM) enhances the conversion of exogenous linoleic (18:2 n-6) and eicosapentaenoic (20:5 n-3) acids to their long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) derivatives, and this effect is associated with changes in the desaturation steps.	Linoleic Acid	162-170	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Homo sapiens	34-91
9246607-4	1997	We also found that the mitogenic response induced by IGF-1 was not enhanced in those conditions when PKC becomes activated by linoleate and alpha-linolenate.	Linoleic Acid	126-135	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	53-58
9246607-4	1997	We also found that the mitogenic response induced by IGF-1 was not enhanced in those conditions when PKC becomes activated by linoleate and alpha-linolenate.	Linoleic Acid	126-135	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	101-104
9246607-6	1997	They suggest that linoleate and alpha-linolenate could control the biological response of MCF-7 cells to IGF-1.	Linoleic Acid	18-27	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	105-110
9219348-2	1997	Both acids, derived by lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid, induce the release of interleukin 1 beta.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	82-100
9109655-0	1997	Lipoxygenase is irreversibly inactivated by the hydroperoxides formed from the enynoic analogues of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	0-12
9186904-0	1997	Linoleic acid enhances the secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 by HepG2 cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	40-78
9186904-9	1997	It is concluded that PAI-1 secretion in HepG2 cells is modulated by triacylglycerols and by linoleic acid and/or its metabolic products.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
9157941-4	1997	Linoleic acid, which is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid, was negatively associated with plasminogen and fibrinogen.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	117-127
9178558-0	1997	Lipid peroxidation in linoleic acid micelles caused by H2O2 in the presence of myoglobin.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	79-88
9109655-3	1997	To gain insight into the mechanism of the irreversible inactivation of soybean lipoxygenase-1, we studied the enzymatic conversion of two linoleic acid analogues, 9(Z)-octadec-9-en-12-ynoic acid (9-ODEYA) and 12(Z)-octadec-12-en-9-ynoic acid (12-ODEYA).	Linoleic Acid	138-151	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	79-93
9084498-2	1997	In the presence of phospholipids such as cardiolipin (CL), ferrous Mb and Cyt c were converted to ferric hemoproteins, and autoxidation of the phospholipids and the oxidation of free linoleic acid (LA) added to the reaction mixture were observed.	Linoleic Acid	183-196	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	74-79
27406885-9	1997	The mAb CH-1 also recognised the chlorohydrin derivative of linoleic acid and chlorohydrin formed from palmitoyl, oleyl phosphatidyl choline but with a decreased avidity.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	immediate early response 2	Mus musculus	8-12
9132678-1	1997	Delta-6 desaturase was measured in rat brain microvessels and choroid plexus by incubation in the presence of radioactive linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	122-135	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-18
9070230-7	1997	These results suggest the metabolism of linoleic acid by a n-6 or 15-lipoxygenase regulated by EGF/TGF alpha, RT-PCR was used to isolate a clone, and sequenced the cDNA for this enzyme and it was found to be identical to the human 15-lipoxygenase previously characterized from human pulmonary tissue.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	66-81
9032094-7	1997	Prolonged exposure of INS-1 cells to linoleate also inhibited ACC protein accumulation at low and high glucose.	Linoleic Acid	37-46	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-27
9032094-11	1997	Prolonged exposure of INS-1 cells to palmitate, oleate, and linoleate markedly altered the glucose-induced insulin response, resulting in high basal insulin release and a suppression of glucose-induced insulin secretion.	Linoleic Acid	60-69	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-27
9137456-1	1997	The in vitro effects of conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid (CLA) in combination with beta-carotene on lymphocyte and macrophage function was studied.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	clasper	Mus musculus	73-76
9070230-7	1997	These results suggest the metabolism of linoleic acid by a n-6 or 15-lipoxygenase regulated by EGF/TGF alpha, RT-PCR was used to isolate a clone, and sequenced the cDNA for this enzyme and it was found to be identical to the human 15-lipoxygenase previously characterized from human pulmonary tissue.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	95-98
9070230-7	1997	These results suggest the metabolism of linoleic acid by a n-6 or 15-lipoxygenase regulated by EGF/TGF alpha, RT-PCR was used to isolate a clone, and sequenced the cDNA for this enzyme and it was found to be identical to the human 15-lipoxygenase previously characterized from human pulmonary tissue.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	99-108
9070230-7	1997	These results suggest the metabolism of linoleic acid by a n-6 or 15-lipoxygenase regulated by EGF/TGF alpha, RT-PCR was used to isolate a clone, and sequenced the cDNA for this enzyme and it was found to be identical to the human 15-lipoxygenase previously characterized from human pulmonary tissue.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	231-246
9321982-0	1997	The role of linoleic acid metabolism in the proliferative response of cells overexpressing the erbB-2/HER2 oncogene.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	95-101
9029175-5	1997	Western blot analysis of connexin 43 showed that a short-term incubation with linoleic acid increased the relative amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein, but a long-term incubation with linoleic acid decreased the amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein and increased the relative amount of hyperphosphorylated connexin 43 protein.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-36
9029175-5	1997	Western blot analysis of connexin 43 showed that a short-term incubation with linoleic acid increased the relative amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein, but a long-term incubation with linoleic acid decreased the amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein and increased the relative amount of hyperphosphorylated connexin 43 protein.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-153
9029175-5	1997	Western blot analysis of connexin 43 showed that a short-term incubation with linoleic acid increased the relative amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein, but a long-term incubation with linoleic acid decreased the amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein and increased the relative amount of hyperphosphorylated connexin 43 protein.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-153
9029175-5	1997	Western blot analysis of connexin 43 showed that a short-term incubation with linoleic acid increased the relative amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein, but a long-term incubation with linoleic acid decreased the amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein and increased the relative amount of hyperphosphorylated connexin 43 protein.	Linoleic Acid	78-91	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-153
9029175-5	1997	Western blot analysis of connexin 43 showed that a short-term incubation with linoleic acid increased the relative amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein, but a long-term incubation with linoleic acid decreased the amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein and increased the relative amount of hyperphosphorylated connexin 43 protein.	Linoleic Acid	195-208	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-36
9029175-5	1997	Western blot analysis of connexin 43 showed that a short-term incubation with linoleic acid increased the relative amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein, but a long-term incubation with linoleic acid decreased the amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein and increased the relative amount of hyperphosphorylated connexin 43 protein.	Linoleic Acid	195-208	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-153
9029175-5	1997	Western blot analysis of connexin 43 showed that a short-term incubation with linoleic acid increased the relative amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein, but a long-term incubation with linoleic acid decreased the amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein and increased the relative amount of hyperphosphorylated connexin 43 protein.	Linoleic Acid	195-208	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-153
9029175-5	1997	Western blot analysis of connexin 43 showed that a short-term incubation with linoleic acid increased the relative amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein, but a long-term incubation with linoleic acid decreased the amount of unphosphorylated connexin 43 protein and increased the relative amount of hyperphosphorylated connexin 43 protein.	Linoleic Acid	195-208	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-153
9029175-6	1997	Connexin 43 and p53 mRNA levels decreased in a time- and dose-dependent manner in linoleic acid-treated cells.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-11
9029175-6	1997	Connexin 43 and p53 mRNA levels decreased in a time- and dose-dependent manner in linoleic acid-treated cells.	Linoleic Acid	82-95	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	16-19
9029175-7	1997	These results suggest that growth stimulation and gap junctional intercellular communication inhibition of rat liver epithelial cells by linoleic acid may be mediated in part through modulation of p53 expression and function.	Linoleic Acid	137-150	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	197-200
9029051-1	1997	]4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) co-oxidation catalyzed by the human term placental lipoxygenase (HTPLO), purified by affinity chromatography, was studied in the presence of linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	166-179	amine oxidase copper containing 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
9029051-1	1997	]4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) co-oxidation catalyzed by the human term placental lipoxygenase (HTPLO), purified by affinity chromatography, was studied in the presence of linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	166-179	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	76-88
8999842-4	1997	Palmitate, oleate, and linoleate (0.35 mM) elicited a 4-6-fold increase in CPT I mRNA.	Linoleic Acid	23-32	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B	Rattus norvegicus	75-80
9321982-0	1997	The role of linoleic acid metabolism in the proliferative response of cells overexpressing the erbB-2/HER2 oncogene.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
8939925-4	1996	Treatment of adipocytes with linoleic (18:2, n-6) and linolenic (18:3, n-3) acids also resulted in inhibition of scd1 mRNA accumulation.	Linoleic Acid	29-37	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	113-117
9547609-2	1997	Linoleic acid is oxygenated by IL-4 treated monocytes to 13(S)-hydroxy-9Z, 11E-octadecadienoic acid [13(S)-HODE] with a specific activity of about 2 nmoles 13(S)-HODE/10(6) cells min.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	31-35
9547616-0	1997	IL-1 increases the ability of human endothelial cells to transform linoleic acid into monohydroxy-isomers and their incorporation into cell lipids.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
9332699-1	1997	The effects of linoleic acid, linoleic acid anilide, and arachidonic acid on the expression of CD11b/ CD18, CD11c/CD18 integrins and L-selectin on human neutrophils were studied by flow cytometry in a whole blood assay.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	95-100
9332699-3	1997	However, linoleic acid at a concentration of 1000 microM slightly up-regulated CD11b and CD11c by a factor of 2.1 and 1.7, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	79-84
9332699-3	1997	However, linoleic acid at a concentration of 1000 microM slightly up-regulated CD11b and CD11c by a factor of 2.1 and 1.7, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	89-94
9332699-5	1997	However, linoleic acid and linoleic acid anilide slightly inhibited the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced expression of CD11b, which was decreased by 27 and 21% at concentrations of 100 and 1000 microM, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	9-22	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	126-131
9029220-4	1997	Lungs of rats given IL-1 intratracheally also had increased unsaturated phosphatidic acid and free acyl (linoleate, linolenate) concentrations compared with untreated rats, and these lipid responses were prevented by pretreatment of LSF.	Linoleic Acid	105-114	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	20-24
8972456-5	1996	The most effective protection was displayed by HPOD, the product of the reaction of lipoxygenase with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase A	Solanum lycopersicum	84-96
8941338-1	1996	The reactivity of rabbit reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) with phosphatidylcholine (PC) possessing linoleic acid (LA-PC), arachidonic acid (AA-PC), or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA-PC) was investigated by measuring oxygen uptake in the suspension of large unilamellar liposomes (LUV).	Linoleic Acid	104-117	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	38-53
8941338-1	1996	The reactivity of rabbit reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) with phosphatidylcholine (PC) possessing linoleic acid (LA-PC), arachidonic acid (AA-PC), or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA-PC) was investigated by measuring oxygen uptake in the suspension of large unilamellar liposomes (LUV).	Linoleic Acid	104-117	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	55-61
9547597-0	1997	Structural requirements for enhancement of EGF-dependent DNA synthesis by oxygenated metabolites of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	43-46
9034243-4	1997	Plasma HDL3 obtained after the diet rich in oleic acid showed a significantly higher oleic acid content in the phospholipid than lipoprotein isolated after the linoleic acid rich diet.	Linoleic Acid	160-173	HDL3	Homo sapiens	7-11
9034243-6	1997	Indeed, TBARS for native HDL3 were negatively correlated with the oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio and positively with the percentage of linoleic acid in their phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	HDL3	Homo sapiens	25-29
9034243-6	1997	Indeed, TBARS for native HDL3 were negatively correlated with the oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio and positively with the percentage of linoleic acid in their phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	HDL3	Homo sapiens	25-29
8875957-0	1996	Prostaglandin H-synthase-2 is the main enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of octadecanoids from linoleic acid in human dermal fibroblasts stimulated with interleukin-1beta.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	155-172
8875957-2	1996	Dermal fibroblasts untreated and treated with recombinant IL-1beta were incubated with exogenous labeled linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	105-118	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	58-66
8702864-6	1996	Consistent with their organ-specific expression pattern, Lox1 expressed in bacteria preferentially uses as substrate linoleic acid, abundant in membrane lipids of tubers, whereas linolenic acid, prevalent in leaves, is the preferred substrate for the other two classes of lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	117-130	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 2	Solanum tuberosum	57-61
8898920-3	1996	Moreover, cisplatin but not TGF beta 1 enhanced sphingomyeline levels in apoptotic cells, whereas TGF beta 1 increased the amount of linoleic acid and, more remarkably, of cholesterol.	Linoleic Acid	133-146	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	98-108
8978483-6	1996	When pigs consumed diets containing 0.25% cholesterol, linoleic acid increased hepatic LDLr protein 40% whereas palmitic acid reduced it 40% (P &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	55-68	low density lipoprotein receptor	Sus scrofa	87-91
8978483-7	1996	These changes in LDLr protein abundance were accompanied by parallel changes in hepatic LDLr mRNA; linoleic acid increased LDLr mRNA 2-fold (P &lt; 0.01), whereas palmitic acid decreased it 60% (P &lt; 0.01).	Linoleic Acid	99-112	low density lipoprotein receptor	Sus scrofa	17-21
8978483-7	1996	These changes in LDLr protein abundance were accompanied by parallel changes in hepatic LDLr mRNA; linoleic acid increased LDLr mRNA 2-fold (P &lt; 0.01), whereas palmitic acid decreased it 60% (P &lt; 0.01).	Linoleic Acid	99-112	low density lipoprotein receptor	Sus scrofa	88-92
8978483-7	1996	These changes in LDLr protein abundance were accompanied by parallel changes in hepatic LDLr mRNA; linoleic acid increased LDLr mRNA 2-fold (P &lt; 0.01), whereas palmitic acid decreased it 60% (P &lt; 0.01).	Linoleic Acid	99-112	low density lipoprotein receptor	Sus scrofa	88-92
8978483-10	1996	In summary, our results indicate that dietary linoleic acid and palmitic acid have markedly different effects on hepatic LDLr protein abundance that are mediated by differential effects on LDLr mRNA and protein levels.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	low density lipoprotein receptor	Sus scrofa	121-125
8978483-10	1996	In summary, our results indicate that dietary linoleic acid and palmitic acid have markedly different effects on hepatic LDLr protein abundance that are mediated by differential effects on LDLr mRNA and protein levels.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	low density lipoprotein receptor	Sus scrofa	189-193
8809118-3	1996	The kinetics of inhibition by linoleic acid showed that DNA polymerase alpha was non-competitively inhibited with respect to the DNA template and substrate (dTTP), while DNA polymerase beta was inhibited competitively with both DNA and substrate.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	56-76
8809118-3	1996	The kinetics of inhibition by linoleic acid showed that DNA polymerase alpha was non-competitively inhibited with respect to the DNA template and substrate (dTTP), while DNA polymerase beta was inhibited competitively with both DNA and substrate.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	ttp	Drosophila melanogaster	157-161
8809118-3	1996	The kinetics of inhibition by linoleic acid showed that DNA polymerase alpha was non-competitively inhibited with respect to the DNA template and substrate (dTTP), while DNA polymerase beta was inhibited competitively with both DNA and substrate.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	170-189
18629821-1	1996	Soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12) reaction with linoleic acid as substrate was used to study the biocatalysis in a biphasic system when the reactants have surface-active properties.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	8-22
8884395-1	1996	Previous studies have shown that chronic administration of SR-3 (a 1:4 mixture of alpha-linolenic and linoleic acid) affects spatial learning, thermoregulation, pain threshold, and protection from seizures.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	Stress response QTL 3	Rattus norvegicus	59-63
8649342-2	1996	In Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) fibroblasts, epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates the conversion of exogenous linoleic acid to 13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE).	Linoleic Acid	113-126	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	44-67
8660674-2	1996	In BALB/MK the oxygenation of both arachidonic acid and linoleic acid was dependent on EGF.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	87-90
8660674-3	1996	EGF stimulated the formation of prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2 alpha from arachidonic acid and 9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE) from linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	152-165	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	0-3
8681970-0	1996	The effect of linoleic acid on pH inside sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate reverse micelles in isooctane and on the enzymic activity of soybean lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	149-161
8649342-2	1996	In Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) fibroblasts, epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates the conversion of exogenous linoleic acid to 13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE).	Linoleic Acid	113-126	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	69-72
8649342-10	1996	Inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity with methyl-2,5-dihydroxycinnamate blocked EGF-dependent linoleic acid metabolism and EGF-regulated DNA synthesis.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	14-17
8649342-10	1996	Inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity with methyl-2,5-dihydroxycinnamate blocked EGF-dependent linoleic acid metabolism and EGF-regulated DNA synthesis.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	95-98
8649342-10	1996	Inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity with methyl-2,5-dihydroxycinnamate blocked EGF-dependent linoleic acid metabolism and EGF-regulated DNA synthesis.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	95-98
8649342-12	1996	The coupling of EGF-regulated linoleic acid metabolism with the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity suggests the importance of specific linoleate compounds in mediating mitogenic signal transduction.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	16-19
8649342-12	1996	The coupling of EGF-regulated linoleic acid metabolism with the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity suggests the importance of specific linoleate compounds in mediating mitogenic signal transduction.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	64-67
8649342-12	1996	The coupling of EGF-regulated linoleic acid metabolism with the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity suggests the importance of specific linoleate compounds in mediating mitogenic signal transduction.	Linoleic Acid	138-147	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	16-19
8649342-12	1996	The coupling of EGF-regulated linoleic acid metabolism with the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity suggests the importance of specific linoleate compounds in mediating mitogenic signal transduction.	Linoleic Acid	138-147	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	64-67
8630079-0	1996	Monoepoxide production from linoleic acid by cytochrome c in the presence of cardiolipin.	Linoleic Acid	28-41	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	45-57
8650253-5	1996	Collagen synthesis was the lowest and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was the highest in chondrocyte cultures treated with 50 microM linoleic acid and 0 VIT E. In contrast, VIT E supplemented at 100 microM partially restored collagen synthesis in the chondrocytes enriched with linoleic acid and lowered LDH activity in the media.	Linoleic Acid	145-158	vitrin	Homo sapiens	185-188
8660537-5	1996	The utility of low-collision-energy ESI-MS/MS to examine biological samples was shown by examining the products formed by the metabolism of linoleic (18:2omega6) and arachidonic (20:4omega6) acids by soybean lipoxygenase using aerobic and anaerobic incubation conditions that generated increasingly complex mixes of metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	140-148	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	208-220
8792123-4	1996	BALF PLA2 showed marked selectivity for phosphatidylcholine containing arachidonic acid (AA) over linoleic or palmitic acids.	Linoleic Acid	98-106	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	5-9
8744223-9	1996	Linoleic acid concentration in milk fat averaged 3.60, 4.77, and 6.28% for the control, soybean oil, and butylsoyamide diets, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	31-35
8603385-0	1996	Effects of sodium saccharin and linoleic acid on mRNA levels of Her2/neu and p53 in a human breast epithelial cell line.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	64-72
8603385-0	1996	Effects of sodium saccharin and linoleic acid on mRNA levels of Her2/neu and p53 in a human breast epithelial cell line.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	77-80
8603385-1	1996	The effects of two food-related chemicals (sodium saccharin and linoleic acid) on the levels of Her2/neu and p53 mRNA in a non-cancerous human breast epithelial cell line (HBL-100) were tested in comparison with the effects of the known tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA).	Linoleic Acid	64-77	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	96-104
8603385-1	1996	The effects of two food-related chemicals (sodium saccharin and linoleic acid) on the levels of Her2/neu and p53 mRNA in a non-cancerous human breast epithelial cell line (HBL-100) were tested in comparison with the effects of the known tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA).	Linoleic Acid	64-77	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	109-112
8744223-10	1996	Conversion of soybean oil to butylsoyamide protected unsaturated fatty acids from ruminal biohydrogenation, causing linoleic acid to increase in the plasma and milk of dairy cows.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	160-164
8602587-0	1996	Linoleic acid activates nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and induces NF-kappa B-dependent transcription in cultured endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	24-60
8619607-3	1996	In this study the equivalent reaction of HOBr, produced from MPO, bromide, and hydrogen peroxide, with oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), and arachidonic (20:4) acids has been investigated.	Linoleic Acid	117-125	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	61-64
8639489-0	1996	Mechanism of lipoxygenase inactivation by the linoleic acid analogue octadeca-9,12-diynoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	13-25
8602587-0	1996	Linoleic acid activates nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and induces NF-kappa B-dependent transcription in cultured endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	62-72
8602587-0	1996	Linoleic acid activates nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and induces NF-kappa B-dependent transcription in cultured endothelial cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	86-96
7503550-8	1995	The formation of Schiff"s base fluorescent conjugates between SLO-oxidized linoleic or linolenic acid and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was also inhibited by .NO via reaction with lipid hydroperoxyl radicals (LOO.	Linoleic Acid	75-83	albumin	Homo sapiens	113-126
8769897-2	1996	Linoleic acid (LA) and its hydroperoxide 13-L-hydroperoxylinoleic acid (LOOH) prepared with soybean lipoxygenase inhibited the response of GABARs in the presence of GABA at high concentrations.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	100-112
8654430-8	1996	Moreover, half-maximal concentrations of Bt2cAMP and linoleate produced an additive effect CPT I mRNA accumulation.	Linoleic Acid	53-62	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B	Rattus norvegicus	91-96
8654430-9	1996	While linoleate and Bt2cAMP stimulated CPT I gene transcription by twofold and fourfold, respectively, the fatty acid also increased the half-life of CPT I mRNA (50%).	Linoleic Acid	6-15	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B	Rattus norvegicus	39-44
8654430-11	1996	Similarly, the CPT I inhibitor, tetradecylglycidate, which at a concentration of 20 microM did not itself influence the CPT I mRNA level, enhanced the stimulatory effect of linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	173-182	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B	Rattus norvegicus	15-20
8573129-1	1996	Linoleic acid, the predominant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the diet, can be metabolized by cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and P450 enzymes.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	126-130
21544343-0	1996	Effects of linoleic acid and eicosanoid synthesis inhibitors on the growth and c-myc oncogene expression of human breast cancer cells.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	79-84
21544343-4	1996	Moreover, linoleic acid stimulated the expression of c-myc mRNA in MCF7 cells without the presense of estrogen.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	53-58
21544343-6	1996	These results suggest that linoleic acid has a direct mitogenic effect on breast cancer cells, and its mechanism is distinct from hormonal stimulation, Moreover, metabolites of lipoxygenase rather than those of cyclooxygenase may play an important role in the c-myc oncogene expression affected by linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	260-265
8587990-7	1996	The seed-specifically expressed FAD2-1 gene is likely to play a major role in controlling conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid within storage lipids during seed development.	Linoleic Acid	118-131	omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum isozyme 1	Glycine max	32-38
7488547-2	1995	Interferon-gamma induced a statistically significant increase in incorporation of 14C-linoleic acid into all the major phospholipid classes.	Linoleic Acid	82-99	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	0-16
7488137-2	1995	Using this and the H2O2-Cyt-c system, we proved that monoepoxide production from linoleic acid was due to hydroxy radical formation by the reaction of Cyt-c with H2O2 and not to the formation of other active oxygen species.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	24-29
7488137-2	1995	Using this and the H2O2-Cyt-c system, we proved that monoepoxide production from linoleic acid was due to hydroxy radical formation by the reaction of Cyt-c with H2O2 and not to the formation of other active oxygen species.	Linoleic Acid	81-94	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	151-156
7488075-2	1995	Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) conversion to higher metabolites was greater than linoleic acid (LA) conversion, according to the higher affinity of the delta-6-desaturase enzyme for the n-3 than for the n-6 EFAs.	Linoleic Acid	77-90	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	148-166
7488547-1	1995	The effects of interferon (IFN)-gamma and IFN-beta on the incorporation of 14C-linoleic acid into J774.2 cell membrane phospholipids were examined.	Linoleic Acid	75-92	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	15-37
7488547-1	1995	The effects of interferon (IFN)-gamma and IFN-beta on the incorporation of 14C-linoleic acid into J774.2 cell membrane phospholipids were examined.	Linoleic Acid	75-92	interferon beta 1, fibroblast	Mus musculus	42-50
7488547-8	1995	The findings of this study reveal that IFN-gamma might act on the enzymes controlling the labelling of the sn2 position of phospholipids (linoleic acid) but not the sn1 position (stearic acid), and this increases the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of macrophage membranes.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	39-48
7639517-2	1995	beta-C was incubated with human gastric mucosal homogenates, soybean lipoxygenase with linoleic acid, or the lipoxygenase primary product, 13(S)-hydroperoxycis,trans-9,11-octadecadienoic acid (13-LOOH).	Linoleic Acid	87-100	colony stimulating factor 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-6
8567550-1	1995	We tested the hypothesis that leukotoxin (Lx), a cytochrome P-450-dependent linoleate product of leukocytes, can stimulate the release of endothelin-1 (ET-1) from the lung and further that exogenous ET-1 synergizes with Lx to produce edematous lung injury.	Linoleic Acid	76-85	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	49-65
8567550-1	1995	We tested the hypothesis that leukotoxin (Lx), a cytochrome P-450-dependent linoleate product of leukocytes, can stimulate the release of endothelin-1 (ET-1) from the lung and further that exogenous ET-1 synergizes with Lx to produce edematous lung injury.	Linoleic Acid	76-85	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	152-156
7642610-4	1995	Comparisons of kcat/Km values indicate that the order of efficiency of oxygenation is arachidonate &gt; dihomo-gamma-linolenate &gt; linoleate &gt; alpha-linolenate for both isozymes; while the order of efficiency was the same for hPGHS-1 and hPGHS-2, alpha-linolenate was a particularly poor substrate for hPGHS-1.	Linoleic Acid	133-142	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	231-238
7642610-4	1995	Comparisons of kcat/Km values indicate that the order of efficiency of oxygenation is arachidonate &gt; dihomo-gamma-linolenate &gt; linoleate &gt; alpha-linolenate for both isozymes; while the order of efficiency was the same for hPGHS-1 and hPGHS-2, alpha-linolenate was a particularly poor substrate for hPGHS-1.	Linoleic Acid	133-142	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	243-250
7642610-4	1995	Comparisons of kcat/Km values indicate that the order of efficiency of oxygenation is arachidonate &gt; dihomo-gamma-linolenate &gt; linoleate &gt; alpha-linolenate for both isozymes; while the order of efficiency was the same for hPGHS-1 and hPGHS-2, alpha-linolenate was a particularly poor substrate for hPGHS-1.	Linoleic Acid	133-142	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	307-314
7649276-1	1995	The effect of the linoleic acid metabolite 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was investigated by measuring the expression of CD11b and CD67 on the plasma membrane.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	164-169
7649276-1	1995	The effect of the linoleic acid metabolite 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was investigated by measuring the expression of CD11b and CD67 on the plasma membrane.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	CEA cell adhesion molecule 8	Homo sapiens	174-178
7654003-0	1995	The inhibitory effect of conjugated dienoic derivatives (CLA) of linoleic acid on the growth of human tumor cell lines is in part due to increased lipid peroxidation.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	57-60
7649169-3	1995	Detailed analysis demonstrated that polyunsaturated lipids attached to bovine serum albumin, such as linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids, modulate gene expression specifically in the S1A T lymphoma cell line by inducing a 3-5-fold increase in the steady-state Thy-1 mRNA level, concomitant with a twofold increase in cell surface expression.	Linoleic Acid	101-109	thymus cell antigen 1, theta	Mus musculus	267-272
7635978-0	1995	Linoleic acid and its metabolites, hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acids, stimulate c-Fos, c-Jun, and c-Myc mRNA expression, mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, and growth in rat aortic smooth muscle cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	79-84
7635978-0	1995	Linoleic acid and its metabolites, hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acids, stimulate c-Fos, c-Jun, and c-Myc mRNA expression, mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, and growth in rat aortic smooth muscle cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	97-102
7635978-4	1995	Linoleic acid induces DNA synthesis, c-fos, c-jun, and c-myc mRNA expression and MAPK activation in VSMC.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	37-42
7635978-4	1995	Linoleic acid induces DNA synthesis, c-fos, c-jun, and c-myc mRNA expression and MAPK activation in VSMC.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	55-60
7643237-4	1995	Force-feeding a diet containing linoleic acid produced an elevation of CRBP II mRNA levels in rats in both a dose-dependent (0.053-0.21 mol/L) and time-dependent (up to 6 h) manner.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	retinol binding protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	71-78
7643237-5	1995	Among fatty acids tested, all unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids) were able to enhance CRBP II mRNA levels by 54-63% within 6 h, whereas a medium-chain fatty acid (caprylic acid) and a saturated fatty acid (stearic acid) elicited little effect on the CRBP II mRNA levels; palmitic acid produced only a small elevation (16%) of the CRBP II mRNA level.	Linoleic Acid	62-70	retinol binding protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	119-126
7671148-2	1995	Moreover, we investigated the involvement of linoleic acid in the induction of hepatic ACMSD activity by streptozotocin diabetes.	Linoleic Acid	45-58	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	87-92
7671148-4	1995	In diabetic rats, hepatic ACMSD activity was higher in the fat free diet group than in the linoleic acid group.	Linoleic Acid	91-104	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	26-31
8588072-5	1995	Basal and hCG-stimulated P4 production by luteal cells collected during the midluteal phase was measured after treatment with AA (1, 5, and 10 microM) or linoleic acid (1, 5, and 10 microM).	Linoleic Acid	154-167	hypertrichosis 2 (generalised, congenital)	Homo sapiens	10-13
7615528-0	1995	Interleukin-1 enhances the ability of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells to oxidize linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	0-13
7615528-4	1995	The apparent Km values of linoleic acid were 15.59 +/- 8.39 and 152.9 +/- 84 microM (p &lt; 0.05) in IL-1 beta-treated cells and controls, respectively, indicating a higher substrate affinity in cells stimulated with IL-1 beta.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	101-110
7615528-4	1995	The apparent Km values of linoleic acid were 15.59 +/- 8.39 and 152.9 +/- 84 microM (p &lt; 0.05) in IL-1 beta-treated cells and controls, respectively, indicating a higher substrate affinity in cells stimulated with IL-1 beta.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	217-226
7615528-9	1995	Overall, these results indicate that COXs are responsible for the oxidative metabolism of linoleic acid in HUVEC, and IL-1 beta increases it by inducing the expression of new enzyme, mainly COX2.	Linoleic Acid	90-103	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	118-127
8577345-5	1995	The conversion of linoleic acid to a 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE)-like product by S. mansoni extracts indicates that the parasite Lox-homologue is similar to mammalian 15-Lox.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	180-186
7628469-0	1995	Changes in the iron coordination sphere of Fe(II) lipoxygenase-1 from soybeans upon binding of linoleate or oleate.	Linoleic Acid	95-104	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	50-64
7537492-6	1995	Arachidonic acid and linoleic acid were released from the plasma membranes during the PLA2 treatment.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
12228538-4	1995	Activity with 13S-HPOT increased 24-fold under anaerobic conditions reminiscent of a similar anaerobic promoted reaction of 13S-HPOD catalyzed by lipoxygenase (LOX) in the presence of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	184-197	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	146-158
12228538-4	1995	Activity with 13S-HPOT increased 24-fold under anaerobic conditions reminiscent of a similar anaerobic promoted reaction of 13S-HPOD catalyzed by lipoxygenase (LOX) in the presence of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	184-197	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	160-163
9398942-5	1995	Zinc deficient rats on the coconut oil diet had unchanged delta 6-desaturase activity with linoleic acid as substrate and lowered activity with alpha-linolenic acid as substrate.	Linoleic Acid	91-104	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	58-76
9398942-6	1995	In contrast, zinc deficient rats on the linseed oil diet had increased delta 6-desaturase activity with linoleic acid as substrate and unchanged activity with alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	104-117	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	71-89
9398942-7	1995	Because linoleic acid is the main substrate for delta 6-desaturase in the rats fed coconut oil diet, and alpha-linolenic acid is the main substrate in the rats fed linseed oil diet, it is concluded that in vivo delta 6-desaturation was not changed by zinc deficiency in the rats fed both types of dietary fat.	Linoleic Acid	8-21	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	48-66
7775602-4	1995	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or linoleic acid decreased tyrosinase activity, while dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP) or palmitic acid increased it.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	70-80
7742320-1	1995	Treatment of soybean lipoxygenase isozyme 1 with its substrates, linoleic acid and oxygen, or product, 13(S)-hydroperoxy-9,11(Z,E)-octadecadienoic acid (13-HPOD), leads to the appearance of a purple color.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	21-33
7665372-5	1995	Except for 10(-7) M, all doses of linoleic acid increased (P &lt; .05) basal LH release, whereas only 10(-5) M linoleic acid suppressed (P &lt; .02) LH response to GnRH.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
7605390-4	1995	As compared with a standard diet or a cholesterol-supplemented diet, linoleic acid and oleic acid each prevented hepatic LDL receptor suppression, although linoleic acid was more effective.	Linoleic Acid	69-82	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	121-133
7605390-8	1995	These results suggest that dietary linoleic and oleic acids diminish the cholesterol-induced increases in plasma total and LDL-cholesterol by preventing hepatic LDL receptor suppression, and in the case of oleic acid by also preventing the increase in the plasma CETP activity.	Linoleic Acid	35-43	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	161-173
7605390-8	1995	These results suggest that dietary linoleic and oleic acids diminish the cholesterol-induced increases in plasma total and LDL-cholesterol by preventing hepatic LDL receptor suppression, and in the case of oleic acid by also preventing the increase in the plasma CETP activity.	Linoleic Acid	35-43	cholesteryl ester transfer protein	Homo sapiens	263-267
7537492-10	1995	These findings suggest that the conformational change in the plasma-membrane phospholipids induced by PLA2 and the presence of arachidonic acid or linoleic acid produced by PLA2 are important in the process of fusion of secretory granules with the plasma membranes of rat parotid acinar cells and that the fusion process itself is independent of Ca2+.	Linoleic Acid	147-160	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	173-177
7873377-3	1995	A strong negative correlation was found between C18:2 (linoleic acid) (r = 0.703, P = 0.001) and C:16:0 (palmitic acid) (r = 0.569, P = 0.009) and fMLP-stimulated O2- release, whereas C20:4 (arachidonic acid) correlated positively (r = 0.448, P = 0.048).	Linoleic Acid	55-68	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-151
7706741-8	1995	PLAP stimulation of TNF and IL-1 could be enhanced with co-treatment of cells with free fatty acids, such as arachidonic or linoleic acid, but it was not blocked completely by PLA2 inhibitors.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	phospholipase A2 activating protein	Homo sapiens	0-4
7706741-8	1995	PLAP stimulation of TNF and IL-1 could be enhanced with co-treatment of cells with free fatty acids, such as arachidonic or linoleic acid, but it was not blocked completely by PLA2 inhibitors.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	20-23
7706741-8	1995	PLAP stimulation of TNF and IL-1 could be enhanced with co-treatment of cells with free fatty acids, such as arachidonic or linoleic acid, but it was not blocked completely by PLA2 inhibitors.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	28-32
7775867-6	1995	When the media was supplemented with either linoleic acid and/or EPA, both delta 6 and delta 5 desaturase activities were inhibited, the greatest reduction of delta 5 desaturase activity occurring with EPA.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	75-105
7775867-6	1995	When the media was supplemented with either linoleic acid and/or EPA, both delta 6 and delta 5 desaturase activities were inhibited, the greatest reduction of delta 5 desaturase activity occurring with EPA.	Linoleic Acid	44-57	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	87-105
7878664-0	1995	Evidence for lipoxygenase-catalyzed bioactivation of phenytoin to a teratogenic reactive intermediate: in vitro studies using linoleic acid-dependent soybean lipoxygenase, and in vivo studies using pregnant CD-1 mice.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	13-25
7878664-0	1995	Evidence for lipoxygenase-catalyzed bioactivation of phenytoin to a teratogenic reactive intermediate: in vitro studies using linoleic acid-dependent soybean lipoxygenase, and in vivo studies using pregnant CD-1 mice.	Linoleic Acid	126-139	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	158-170
7878664-4	1995	To evaluate directly the potential role of LPO in phenytoin bioactivation, in vitro incubation conditions measuring the linoleic acid-dependent, soybean LPO-catalyzed covalent binding of phenytoin to protein, believed to constitute teratologic initiation, were optimized for substrate concentration, enzyme activity, incubation time, inhibitor vehicle, and inhibitor concentration.	Linoleic Acid	120-133	lactoperoxidase	Mus musculus	153-156
7878664-7	1995	Linoleic acid-dependent covalent binding of phenytoin was inhibited in a concentration-dependent fashion by the selective and nonselective LPO/PHS inhibitors indomethacin, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, quercetin, BW755C, and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) and by the hydroperoxidase inhibitor methimazole (p &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	lactoperoxidase	Mus musculus	139-142
7878664-7	1995	Linoleic acid-dependent covalent binding of phenytoin was inhibited in a concentration-dependent fashion by the selective and nonselective LPO/PHS inhibitors indomethacin, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, quercetin, BW755C, and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) and by the hydroperoxidase inhibitor methimazole (p &lt; 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	0-13	pterin 4 alpha carbinolamine dehydratase/dimerization cofactor of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (TCF1) 1	Mus musculus	143-146
7596352-4	1995	Linoleic acid (LA) diminished TNF production by 16%.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
7784474-6	1995	Linoleic acid was more potent than linoleoyl-CoA as an inhibitor of the cyclooxygenase, but it was a weak inhibitor of the lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	123-135
7829882-3	1995	Evidence for 15-lipoxygenase activation included the finding of 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) in scales from seven patients and the production of 15(S)-[14C]HETE and 13(S)-[14C]hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE) during scale incubations, respectively, with [14C]arachidonic and [14C]linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	295-308	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	13-28
7858950-4	1995	Differences in the fatty acid composition of the VLDL lipids were observed between the species: the proportion of linoleic acid was greater in turkeys, whereas monounsaturated fatty acids were more abundant in chickens.	Linoleic Acid	114-127	very low density lipoprotein receptor	Gallus gallus	49-53
7769968-2	1995	The goal of this work was to measure the relative rate of LOX-catalyzed oxidation of mixtures of lipids containing linoleate, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and a light-scattering detector (LSD).	Linoleic Acid	115-124	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	58-61
7784451-7	1995	Linoleic acid raises the level of GTP-bound Ras in the cells above the levels induced by EGF.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	89-92
7840218-1	1995	Leukotoxin (Lx), a cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolite of linoleate synthesized by neutrophils or synthesized by OH- and linoleate in neutrophil cell membranes, has been recovered in lung lavages of patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome.	Linoleic Acid	60-69	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	19-35
7979387-7	1994	Linoleic and gamma-linolenic acid were determined by mass spectrometry as being hydroxylated primarily at the C-9 and C-13 positions, whereas linolenic acid was hydroxylated primarily at the C-12 and C-16 positions.	Linoleic Acid	0-8	complement C9	Homo sapiens	110-113
7798907-8	1995	The purified PLA2 displays a preference for phosphatidylcholine as a substrate but hydrolyzes phospholipid substrates with arachidonic acid or linoleic acid esterified at the sn-2 position to the same extent.	Linoleic Acid	143-156	LOC104974671	Bos taurus	13-17
18475612-5	1995	Incubation of J774.2 cells with linoleic acid significantly increased TNFalpha and nitric oxide production; arachidonic acid enhanced TNFalpha production but reduced nitric oxide production.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	70-78
7979387-7	1994	Linoleic and gamma-linolenic acid were determined by mass spectrometry as being hydroxylated primarily at the C-9 and C-13 positions, whereas linolenic acid was hydroxylated primarily at the C-12 and C-16 positions.	Linoleic Acid	0-8	homeobox C13	Homo sapiens	118-122
8001841-0	1994	Is insulin resistance influenced by dietary linoleic acid and trans fatty acids?	Linoleic Acid	44-57	insulin	Homo sapiens	3-10
7956117-1	1994	Obese (fa/fa) rats fed on control diet have lower proportions of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and/or arachidonic acid (20:4n6) in IBAT and pancreas phospholipids compared with lean (Fa/-) rats.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	solute carrier family 10 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	125-129
7863232-5	1994	We found that among these fatty acids, linoleic acid reduced the thrombin-stimulated prostacyclin release by 30-60%, oleic acid by 10-30%, whereas palmitic acid had no effect.	Linoleic Acid	39-52	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	65-73
7863232-6	1994	Endothelial cells incubated in presence of linoleic acid showed a concentration-dependent reduction in prostacyclin release in response to thrombin, and cells incubated with linoleic acid for up to 28 h, showed a reduced thrombin-induced prostacyclin release at every time point.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	139-147
7863232-6	1994	Endothelial cells incubated in presence of linoleic acid showed a concentration-dependent reduction in prostacyclin release in response to thrombin, and cells incubated with linoleic acid for up to 28 h, showed a reduced thrombin-induced prostacyclin release at every time point.	Linoleic Acid	43-56	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	221-229
7863232-6	1994	Endothelial cells incubated in presence of linoleic acid showed a concentration-dependent reduction in prostacyclin release in response to thrombin, and cells incubated with linoleic acid for up to 28 h, showed a reduced thrombin-induced prostacyclin release at every time point.	Linoleic Acid	174-187	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	221-229
7945381-2	1994	Using serine containing synthetic peptides based on PKC pseudosubstrate sites as the phosphate acceptors, kinase activities estimated from partially purified PKN were not stimulated by Ca2+/phosphatidylserine/diolein but were activated several-fold to several tens-fold by 40 microM unsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	334-347	protein kinase N1	Homo sapiens	158-161
7851683-4	1994	The peripheral insulin sensitivity was significantly and negatively correlated to the proportion of palmitic (r = -0.31, p &lt; 0.001), palmitoleic (r = -0.25, p &lt; 0.001) and di-homo-gamma-linolenic (r = -0.33, p &lt; 0.001) acids and positively to the content of linoleic (r = 0.28, p &lt; 0.001) acid in the serum cholesterol esters.	Linoleic Acid	267-275	insulin	Homo sapiens	15-22
8001841-3	1994	Recent findings that C20-C22 in muscle membrane phospholipids are inversely related to insulin resistance, whereas linoleic acid is positively related to insulin resistance, suggest that diet may influence the development of insulin resistance in obesity, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hypertension, and coronary artery disease (including asymptomatic atherosclerosis and microvascular angina).	Linoleic Acid	115-128	insulin	Homo sapiens	154-161
8001841-3	1994	Recent findings that C20-C22 in muscle membrane phospholipids are inversely related to insulin resistance, whereas linoleic acid is positively related to insulin resistance, suggest that diet may influence the development of insulin resistance in obesity, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hypertension, and coronary artery disease (including asymptomatic atherosclerosis and microvascular angina).	Linoleic Acid	115-128	insulin	Homo sapiens	154-161
8001841-6	1994	Therefore, clinical investigations are needed to evaluate if lowering or preventing insulin resistance through diet by increasing arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, while lowering linoleic acid and decreasing trans fatty acids from the diet, will modify or prevent the development of these diseases.	Linoleic Acid	212-225	insulin	Homo sapiens	84-91
8016298-7	1994	Linoleate treatment in vitro and in vivo similarly enhanced the ability of macrophages to make TNF-alpha in response to LPS.	Linoleic Acid	0-9	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	95-104
7884671-5	1994	Incorporation of mixed micelles containing 30 mM sodium glycocholate and 40 mM linoleic acid significantly improved enteral insulin absorption.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	124-131
7918597-1	1994	The ability of soybean lipoxygenase to mediate NAD(P)H oxidation and concomitant superoxide generation in the presence of linoleic acid was examined.	Linoleic Acid	122-135	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	23-35
7918597-2	1994	At optimum pH of 8.3, lipoxygenase oxidized both NADH and NADPH in the presence of 700 microM linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	94-107	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	22-34
8086487-4	1994	A less pronounced concentration-dependent inhibitory response was observed with the C18 fatty acids linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid and gamma-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	100-113	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	84-87
8041794-4	1994	However, PPAR gamma and -delta are activated by the structurally distinct peroxisome proliferator LY-171883 and linoleic acid, respectively, indicating that each of the isoforms can act as a regulated activator of transcription.	Linoleic Acid	112-125	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	9-30
8071595-1	1994	We studied the effect of the linoleic acid metabolite 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) on the increase of the intracellular calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i, induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Linoleic Acid	29-42	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	175-201
8071595-1	1994	We studied the effect of the linoleic acid metabolite 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) on the increase of the intracellular calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i, induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Linoleic Acid	29-42	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	236-254
8071595-1	1994	We studied the effect of the linoleic acid metabolite 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) on the increase of the intracellular calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i, induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Linoleic Acid	29-42	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	256-260
8053940-3	1994	Other polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic or linolenic acid also reduced tissue factor expression whereas palmitic acid was ineffective.	Linoleic Acid	42-50	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	82-95
7914877-10	1994	Linoleic acid (0.5 mM) added to the culture medium as albuminic complex partly inhibited delta 9-desaturase activity.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Gallus gallus	89-107
8203891-1	1994	Epidermal growth factor induces the oxygenation of linoleic acid in Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts, and the lipoxygenase-derived products potentiate the mitogenic signal.	Linoleic Acid	51-64	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	0-23
7914877-14	1994	Taken together, the induction of enzyme activity in culture, its impairment by cordycepin and response to insulin and linoleic acid strongly suggest that synthesis and translation of the delta 9-desaturase mRNA occur in chicken hepatocytes in primary culture, and that this cellular model may be a useful tool for further studies on delta 9-desaturase regulatory mechanisms.	Linoleic Acid	118-131	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Gallus gallus	187-205
27315712-2	1994	Both the isoenzymes rapidly degraded retinoic acid in the presence of linoleic acid, but lipoxygenase-2 had more cooxidation activity than lipoxygenase-3.	Linoleic Acid	70-83	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-2	Glycine max	89-103
8079509-8	1994	Rats fed SFO, EPO or LO had higher linoleic acid levels in the erythrocyte membrane than control rats.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
8029354-2	1994	Expression of the cDNA sequences in Escherichia coli and subsequent analysis of bacterial protein extracts showed lipoxygenase activity using linoleic, linolenic, or arachidonic acid as substrates.	Linoleic Acid	142-150	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5	Solanum tuberosum	114-126
8125933-6	1994	Spectroscopic studies show that the Kd value for binding of linoleic acid to myoglobin is similar to the Km value for its oxidation and indicate that linoleic acid reduces the ferryl species to the ferric state.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	myoglobin	Physeter catodon	77-86
8125933-6	1994	Spectroscopic studies show that the Kd value for binding of linoleic acid to myoglobin is similar to the Km value for its oxidation and indicate that linoleic acid reduces the ferryl species to the ferric state.	Linoleic Acid	150-163	myoglobin	Physeter catodon	77-86
8125933-7	1994	The stereochemical results, supported by 18O-labeling studies, definitively rule out a significant role for singlet oxygen in the myoglobin-catalyzed, H2O2-dependent oxidation of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	179-192	myoglobin	Physeter catodon	130-139
8125933-11	1994	They indicate, furthermore, that hydrogen abstraction and oxygen addition occur in an antarafacial manner and suggest a specific model for binding of linoleic acid within the myoglobin active site.	Linoleic Acid	150-163	myoglobin	Physeter catodon	175-184
8009892-9	1994	The BK channel activity was also increased by other fatty acids, including myristic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid and palmitic acid.	Linoleic Acid	90-103	calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	4-14
8090060-4	1994	Linoleic acid is converted by lipoxygenase to the corresponding hydroperoxide that oxidizes the F-acid, probably in a radical reaction, to form an unstable dioxoene compound.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	30-42
8090060-6	1994	F-acids located at the sn-2 position of a synthetic phosphatidylcholine (PC), containing linoleic acid in the sn-1 position, are co-oxidized to a greater extent by incubation with soybean lipoxygenase-1 than are F-acids bound to PC with myristic acid in the sn-1 position when subjected to the enzyme in the presence of a great excess of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	89-102	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	188-202
8205390-1	1994	The cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase in musk shrew (suncus; Suncus murinus) liver microsomes metabolized unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, alpha-linolenic and arachidonic acids) to a variety of oxygenated products.	Linoleic Acid	145-153	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	4-20
8022751-6	1994	The addition of a mixture of 10 mM linoleic acid (18:2, omega 6) and 5 mM linolenic acid (18:3, omega 3), to basal glucose perifusate stimulated insulin secretion from a mean basal rate of 61 +/- 2 to 220 +/- 21 pg/islet/min (p &lt; 0.001, n = 5).	Linoleic Acid	35-48	insulin	Homo sapiens	145-152
7910016-4	1994	Similar experiments with pure fatty acid esters showed that arachidonate (20:4) and linoleate (18:2) were far more potent in down-regulating expression of the hepatic SCD1 message than oleate (18:1), an end-product (as its CoA thioester) of the SCD1-catalyzed reaction.	Linoleic Acid	84-93	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	167-171
7910016-4	1994	Similar experiments with pure fatty acid esters showed that arachidonate (20:4) and linoleate (18:2) were far more potent in down-regulating expression of the hepatic SCD1 message than oleate (18:1), an end-product (as its CoA thioester) of the SCD1-catalyzed reaction.	Linoleic Acid	84-93	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	245-249
8033289-0	1994	Oxidation of furan fatty acids by soybean lipoxygenase-1 in the presence of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	76-89	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	42-56
8033289-3	1994	It is now demonstrated that this reaction is a two-step process that requires the presence of lipoxygenase substrates, e.g. linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	124-137	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	94-106
8142401-3	1994	In reactions started with 1.3 microM iron (II) lipoxygenase and 9 microM linoleate, the initial rate, r(init) (estimated from the increase in absorbance over the initial 0.02 s of the reaction), is very small (4 s-1).	Linoleic Acid	73-82	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	47-59
8178971-7	1994	These results suggest that 13-HODE, a 15-lipoxygenase product formed from linoleic acid, can act as a lipid mediator in vascular smooth muscle.	Linoleic Acid	74-87	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	38-53
8177015-3	1994	However, at high linoleate concentrations, where substrate inhibition of lipoxygenase is significant, small amounts of detergent increased the dioxygenation rate.	Linoleic Acid	17-26	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	73-85
8177015-4	1994	In a quantitative analysis of the results, a kinetic model in which the incorporation of linoleate in the detergent micelles is formulated as a simple reversible equilibrium, and in which both lipoxygenase-1 and -2 interact with free linoleate, but not with linoleate incorporated in the micelles, appeared to be sufficient to predict experimental results over a wide range of experimental conditions.	Linoleic Acid	234-243	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	193-214
8177015-4	1994	In a quantitative analysis of the results, a kinetic model in which the incorporation of linoleate in the detergent micelles is formulated as a simple reversible equilibrium, and in which both lipoxygenase-1 and -2 interact with free linoleate, but not with linoleate incorporated in the micelles, appeared to be sufficient to predict experimental results over a wide range of experimental conditions.	Linoleic Acid	234-243	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	193-214
8177015-6	1994	The conclusions that monomeric, nonmicellar linoleate is the preferred substrate for lipoxygenase and that the observed inhibition and stimulation are solely due to changes in the effective linoleate concentration strongly corroborate the earlier observations by Galpin and Allen [Biochim.	Linoleic Acid	44-53	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	85-97
8123685-8	1994	The conversion of linoleate to arachidonate by intact cells (which requires the delta 5 and delta 6 desaturase activities) was also normal in the mutant cells.	Linoleic Acid	18-27	fatty acid desaturase 1	Mus musculus	80-110
8152344-7	1994	Dietary supply of linoleic acid-rich evening primrose oil resulted in an increased proportion of choline phospholipid linoleic acid without any changes in arachidonic acid content or in the activity of Mn-SOD.	Linoleic Acid	18-31	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	202-208
7765952-2	1994	In dish cultivation, linoleic acid on its own promoted cell growth when used at concentrations below 50 mg L-1, but strongly inhibited growth at a concentration of 100 mg L-1 on more.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	107-110
7765952-2	1994	In dish cultivation, linoleic acid on its own promoted cell growth when used at concentrations below 50 mg L-1, but strongly inhibited growth at a concentration of 100 mg L-1 on more.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	171-174
8123200-2	1993	By varying the dietary fatty acid composition we showed that the pathology was worsened by increasing linoleic acid or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the diet where cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) was increased posttranslationally by high BAL.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	173-191
7914083-4	1994	The lipogenesis measured by the activities of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, malic enzyme and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase increases significantly in adipose tissues (backfat and lean fat) with the dietary linoleic supply, whereas no effect was noticed in intramuscular fat.	Linoleic Acid	211-219	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Sus scrofa	94-127
8105893-0	1993	Linoleic acid controls neonatal tissue-specific stearoyl-CoA desaturase mRNA levels.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	48-71
8151138-1	1993	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) specifically induced the uptake of the unsaturated fatty acid [14C]linoleic acid into membrane phospholipids of the murine macrophage-like P388D cell lineage, but did not alter the incorporation of the saturated fatty acid [14C]stearic acid.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	0-16
8151138-1	1993	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) specifically induced the uptake of the unsaturated fatty acid [14C]linoleic acid into membrane phospholipids of the murine macrophage-like P388D cell lineage, but did not alter the incorporation of the saturated fatty acid [14C]stearic acid.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	18-27
8123200-2	1993	By varying the dietary fatty acid composition we showed that the pathology was worsened by increasing linoleic acid or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the diet where cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) was increased posttranslationally by high BAL.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	193-199
8242772-3	1993	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulated the labelling of all phospholipid classes at the expense of triacylglycerol (TAG) labelling whether it was added coincidently to the [14C]linoleic acid or after a prelabelling period.	Linoleic Acid	178-191	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	0-16
8242772-0	1993	Interferon-gamma-stimulated uptake and turnover of linoleate and arachidonate in macrophages: a possible pathway for hypersensitivity to endotoxin.	Linoleic Acid	51-60	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	0-16
8237871-6	1993	The decrease in the long-chain PUFA content observed from colostrum to mature milk and the concomitant occurrence of a precursor-product relationship between the linoleate and its long-chain PUFA are consistent with the mobilization of a preformed long-chain PUFA pool during early lactation.	Linoleic Acid	162-171	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	191-195
8237871-6	1993	The decrease in the long-chain PUFA content observed from colostrum to mature milk and the concomitant occurrence of a precursor-product relationship between the linoleate and its long-chain PUFA are consistent with the mobilization of a preformed long-chain PUFA pool during early lactation.	Linoleic Acid	162-171	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	191-195
8242772-3	1993	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulated the labelling of all phospholipid classes at the expense of triacylglycerol (TAG) labelling whether it was added coincidently to the [14C]linoleic acid or after a prelabelling period.	Linoleic Acid	178-191	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	18-27
8242772-7	1993	Uptake of linoleic acid into the plasmalogen fraction of PE was also considerably enhanced in IFN-gamma-treated cells.	Linoleic Acid	10-23	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	94-103
8305719-4	1993	The cholesterol and linoleic acid-fed mice showed increased serum cholesterol and phospholipid levels, and decreased serum triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein-(HDL) cholesterol levels and lecithin/cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity, as well as a markedly increased lipid peroxide level which was a characteristic appearance in the serum of this mouse model.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Mus musculus	194-230
8299435-10	1993	Higher intakes of saturated fat, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were each positively related to higher fasting insulin values.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	insulin	Homo sapiens	110-117
8409449-10	1993	The LPS-provoked increase in PLA2 activity resulted in release of oleic acid (38 +/- 4% above baseline) but not arachidonic, linoleic, or palmitic acid.	Linoleic Acid	125-133	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	4-7
8305719-4	1993	The cholesterol and linoleic acid-fed mice showed increased serum cholesterol and phospholipid levels, and decreased serum triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein-(HDL) cholesterol levels and lecithin/cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity, as well as a markedly increased lipid peroxide level which was a characteristic appearance in the serum of this mouse model.	Linoleic Acid	20-33	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Mus musculus	232-236
8290478-5	1993	The incorporation of linoleic acid has greatly accelerated insulin degradation with the apparent first order rate constant being linearly related to the concentration of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	insulin	Homo sapiens	59-66
8290478-5	1993	The incorporation of linoleic acid has greatly accelerated insulin degradation with the apparent first order rate constant being linearly related to the concentration of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	170-183	insulin	Homo sapiens	59-66
8290478-8	1993	The catalytic role of mixed micelles on chemical degradation of insulin was found to depend on the concentration of linoleic acid incorporated.	Linoleic Acid	116-129	insulin	Homo sapiens	64-71
8408240-10	1993	In accord, the control L-FABP-nonexpressing cells needed 10(-6)-10(-5) M linoleic acid to achieve the extent of DNA synthesis attained by the expressing cells in the absence of added fatty acid.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	fatty acid binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-29
8412765-2	1993	This implies an abnormality of 20:4 omega 6 formation from linoleic acid (18:2 omega 6), possibly in the delta 6 desaturase step, or alternatively an abnormality in the catabolism or distribution of arachidonate.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	105-123
8318513-6	1993	Univariate regression analyses suggested that the increased capacity of HDL3 to promote cellular [3H]free cholesterol efflux was in part due to its greater fluidity, higher cholesteryl ester content, elevated linoleic to linolenic acid ratio in phospholipids, and its smaller size.	Linoleic Acid	209-217	HDL3	Homo sapiens	72-76
8234213-7	1993	We have supportive evidence showing that the following criteria must be satisfied in order for fat enhancement of mammary carcinogenesis to be manifested: (a) carcinogen administered at a time when the mammary gland is exquisitely susceptible to tumor induction, (b) animals maintained on a semipurified diet, (c) ad libitum feeding necessary, and (d) unusually high requirement of linoleic acid for tumor development.	Linoleic Acid	382-395	FAT atypical cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	95-98
8402571-6	1993	Phospholipase A2 may play a key role in linoleic acid-enhanced mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-16
8347579-1	1993	The dioxygenation of 50 microM linoleate at 0.1 microM (13S)-hydroperoxylinoleate, 240 microM O2, pH 10, and 25 degrees C, catalyzed by varying amounts of soybean lipoxygenase-1, was studied with rapid kinetic techniques.	Linoleic Acid	31-40	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	163-177
8347579-10	1993	From a nonlinear least-squares fit to the steady-state rate equation of data obtained at lipoxygenase concentrations of 0.5 and 1 nM, it was calculated that 1% of the linoleate radicals that are formed after hydrogen abstraction dissociate from the active site before enzymic oxygen insertion has occurred.	Linoleic Acid	167-176	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	89-101
8364403-6	1993	When bovine rumen fluid was used as a source of carotenoid for in vitro studies with preparations of lipoxygenase, a rapid decrease in carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations was observed, again requiring the addition of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	223-236	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	101-113
21573330-0	1993	Effects of linoleic-Acid on mammary-tumor cell-proliferation are associated with changes in p53 protein expression.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	92-95
21573330-2	1993	Addition of linoleic acid (LA; 18:2, n-6) to low serum medium partially restored normal cell cycle distribution, increased synthesis of DNA, and decreased immunoprecipitable p53 to levels normally seen in cells cultured in 10% serum.	Linoleic Acid	12-25	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	174-177
8509425-1	1993	When reconstituted with cytochrome b5 and NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase, cytochrome P450 2E1 metabolized lauric, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acid to multiple metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	136-144	cytochrome b5	Oryctolagus cuniculus	24-37
8509425-1	1993	When reconstituted with cytochrome b5 and NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase, cytochrome P450 2E1 metabolized lauric, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acid to multiple metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	136-144	cytochrome P450 2E1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	42-99
8099446-1	1993	2-Lysophosphatidylcholine and cis-unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic acids, which are the products of the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4), significantly potentiate the differentiation of HL-60 cells to macrophages that is induced by either a membrane-permeant diacylglycerol or a phorbol ester.	Linoleic Acid	66-74	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	173-189
1332672-6	1992	Furthermore, DiI-HDL binding on lymphocytes was down-regulated by up to 20% (resting T cells) and 50% (T-blasts) when cultured in the presence of apoA1-phosphatidylcholine liposomes (T-blasts only), oleic acid or linoleic acid, but not by stearic acid (C18:0).	Linoleic Acid	213-226	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	146-151
8315552-3	1993	When incubated with purified human pancreatic colipase-dependent lipase and colipase, arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) was released less efficiently than linoleic acid from such triacylglycerol.	Linoleic Acid	149-162	colipase	Homo sapiens	35-84
8481396-2	1993	Soybean lipoxygenase L-2 activity towards linoleate was inhibited by BC by a maximum of 70% at pH 6.5, whereas L-1 activity was little affected at pH 9.0.	Linoleic Acid	42-51	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	8-20
8481396-6	1993	Activity of LOX from animal sources was also inhibited by BC both towards linoleate and arachidonate.	Linoleic Acid	74-83	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	12-15
8503947-6	1993	The results suggest an impaired metabolism of linoleic acid, possibly due to a decreased delta-6-desaturase activity in the coronary artery wall in cases of sudden cardiac death.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	89-107
7680370-1	1993	Increasing the dietary alpha-linolenate (18:3n - 3)/linoleate (18:2n - 6) ratio results in an increase in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in mouse resident and casein-induced peritoneal macrophages [3].	Linoleic Acid	52-61	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	142-163
7680370-1	1993	Increasing the dietary alpha-linolenate (18:3n - 3)/linoleate (18:2n - 6) ratio results in an increase in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in mouse resident and casein-induced peritoneal macrophages [3].	Linoleic Acid	52-61	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	165-168
27316874-2	1993	Delta 6-desaturase activity measured by using linoleic  acid as a substrate (18: 2n-6 18: 3n-6) and the linoleic acid desaturation index as estimated by the (20: 3+20: 4)/18: 2 ratio in microsomal phospholipids were significantly higher in rats fed the CAS diet than in those fed the SOY diet at days 4 and thereafter.	Linoleic Acid	46-60	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-18
8346079-7	1993	Minimal activity of delta 6-desaturase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of linoleate to arachidonic acid, was found in the epidermis compared with the liver, suggesting that linoleate is not converted to arachidonic acid in the skin.	Linoleic Acid	86-95	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	20-38
8346079-7	1993	Minimal activity of delta 6-desaturase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of linoleate to arachidonic acid, was found in the epidermis compared with the liver, suggesting that linoleate is not converted to arachidonic acid in the skin.	Linoleic Acid	185-194	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	20-38
1333886-7	1992	We have shown that EGF-induced DNA synthesis requires the formation of hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids, formed from linoleic acid by a 15-lipoxygenase, in Syrian hamster embryo cells (Glasgow et al., J. Biol.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	19-22
8504145-3	1993	As the native enzyme the recombinant lipoxygenase has a molecular mass of 75 kDa, an isoelectric point of 5.5 and oxygenates both linoleic acid (formation of 13S-hydroperoxy-9Z,13E-octadecadienoic acid) and arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	130-143	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	37-49
8468524-2	1993	Oleate (18:1n-9), eicosapentaenoate (EPA, 20:5n-3), and linoleate (18:2n-6) were complexed to fatty acid-free bovine serum albumin (BSA) and separately added to cells in RMPI-1640 media containing 0.5% delipidated hen serum.	Linoleic Acid	56-65	albumin	Gallus gallus	117-130
8431429-1	1993	We have measured, under identical conditions, the time courses for the native lipoxygenase (Fe2+ form)-catalyzed conversion of linoleic acid into 13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid (HPOD) and the oxidation of the Fe2+ form of enzyme to the Fe3+ form (in 0.1 M borate buffer, pH 10.0, at 25 degrees C) using a stopped-flow spectrophoto/fluorometer.	Linoleic Acid	127-140	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	78-90
8459198-4	1993	When the same plasma was heated to destroy SHBG binding, a highly significant (P &lt; 0.01) increase in non-SHBG binding was seen in both male plasma and plasma from pregnant women when the unsaturated FFAs oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids were added.	Linoleic Acid	214-222	sex hormone binding globulin	Homo sapiens	43-47
8419361-2	1993	A lysate of unstimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exhibited phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity, which hydrolyzed phospholipids bearing arachidonate more preferentially than those bearing linoleate at the sn-2 position.	Linoleic Acid	207-216	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	82-98
8419361-2	1993	A lysate of unstimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exhibited phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity, which hydrolyzed phospholipids bearing arachidonate more preferentially than those bearing linoleate at the sn-2 position.	Linoleic Acid	207-216	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	100-104
8225482-4	1993	CLA is a mixture of heat-generated derivatives of linoleic acid, each with a conjugated double bond system, that has chemopreventive properties in rodents.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	clasper	Mus musculus	0-3
8424125-2	1993	In primary culture, the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells (MEC), induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF), is enhanced and sustained by linoleate and its eicosanoid metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	144-153	C-C motif chemokine ligand 28	Homo sapiens	67-70
8424125-2	1993	In primary culture, the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells (MEC), induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF), is enhanced and sustained by linoleate and its eicosanoid metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	144-153	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	84-107
8424125-2	1993	In primary culture, the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells (MEC), induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF), is enhanced and sustained by linoleate and its eicosanoid metabolites.	Linoleic Acid	144-153	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	109-112
8424125-3	1993	Since a combination of linoleic acid (18:2 omega 6) and prostaglandin E2 or cAMP has synergistic effect on EGF-stimulated growth, it is suggested that additional cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PK-A) independent pathways may also contribute to the linoleate effect on EGF action.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	107-110
8424125-3	1993	Since a combination of linoleic acid (18:2 omega 6) and prostaglandin E2 or cAMP has synergistic effect on EGF-stimulated growth, it is suggested that additional cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PK-A) independent pathways may also contribute to the linoleate effect on EGF action.	Linoleic Acid	249-258	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	107-110
8424125-5	1993	Both linoleate and arachidonate can activate Type-II and Type-III protein kinase-C in MEC and a PK-C inhibitor can block growth stimulation by EGF and fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	5-14	C-C motif chemokine ligand 28	Homo sapiens	86-89
8424125-5	1993	Both linoleate and arachidonate can activate Type-II and Type-III protein kinase-C in MEC and a PK-C inhibitor can block growth stimulation by EGF and fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	5-14	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	143-146
8424125-6	1993	Like 12-O-Tetradecanoly phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a PK-C activator which also enhances EGF-stimulated growth of MEC, linoleate can phosphorylate a 40-42 KD protein.	Linoleic Acid	117-126	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	52-56
8424125-6	1993	Like 12-O-Tetradecanoly phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a PK-C activator which also enhances EGF-stimulated growth of MEC, linoleate can phosphorylate a 40-42 KD protein.	Linoleic Acid	117-126	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	87-90
8424125-6	1993	Like 12-O-Tetradecanoly phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a PK-C activator which also enhances EGF-stimulated growth of MEC, linoleate can phosphorylate a 40-42 KD protein.	Linoleic Acid	117-126	C-C motif chemokine ligand 28	Homo sapiens	112-115
1493107-3	1992	Interferon-gamma induced a significant increase in linoleate in peritoneal macrophages while in the cell line arachidonate was significantly increased.	Linoleic Acid	51-60	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	0-16
1334995-11	1992	The arginine vasopressin-stimulated formation of 32P-phosphatidic acid was significantly inhibited by linoleic acid treatment but was not influenced by eicosapentaenoic acid or arachidonic acid treatment.	Linoleic Acid	102-115	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	13-24
1334995-12	1992	CONCLUSION: The incorporation of eicosapentaenoic acid or linoleic acid at the sn-2 position of membrane phospholipids leads to an inhibition of arginine vasopressin-induced formation of diradylglycerols or phosphatidic acid, respectively, in rat mesenteric artery vascular smooth muscle cells in culture.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	154-165
1512516-6	1992	All the cholesteryl esters used (oleate, palmitate, stearate and linoleate) were quantitatively hydrolyzed by incubation with cholesterol esterase; this was observed to occur with both pure standards and in cell homogenates.	Linoleic Acid	65-74	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	126-146
1461561-1	1992	delta-6 Desaturase, measured at substrate saturation using linoleic acid, was found to be increased by more than two-fold when the content of vitamin E in brain microsomal membrane suspension was increased (up to 7.5 micrograms/mg membrane protein, i.e. 100 micrograms/g tissue from which microsomes were prepared).	Linoleic Acid	59-72	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-18
1525046-4	1992	The apparent affinity of DBP for both 25-OHD3 and 1,25-(OH)2D3 decreased 2.4- to 4.6-fold in the presence of 36 microM of linoleic or arachidonic acid, respectively.	Linoleic Acid	122-130	D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor	Homo sapiens	25-28
16653005-9	1992	In the in vivo lipoxygenase substrate pool, the linoleic acid level declined and the relative level of linolenic acid increased.	Linoleic Acid	48-61	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	15-27
1418688-2	1992	When cholesterol and linoleic acid were used as the substrates, PEG-modified CEH synthesized cholesterol linoleate only in water-immiscible organic solvents.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	77-80
1629217-11	1992	The induction of IL-1 beta release from human monocyte-derived macrophages by 9-HODE and cholesteryl-9-HODE suggests a role for modified LDL, and its associated linoleate oxidation products, in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.	Linoleic Acid	161-170	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	17-26
1606171-2	1992	Fasting or feeding a diet high in linoleic acid increased delta 6-desaturase activity, a rate-limiting enzyme in the arachidonic acid biosynthetic pathway in the jejunum.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	58-76
1612188-2	1992	Human seminal plasma and posterior lobe of prostate was found to have phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity hydrolysing phosphatidylethanolamine with 14C-labelled linoleic and arachidonic <protein-id="53635">acid.	Linoleic Acid	158-166	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	70-86
1612188-2	1992	Human seminal plasma and posterior lobe of prostate was found to have phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity hydrolysing phosphatidylethanolamine with 14C-labelled linoleic and arachidonic <protein-id="53635">acid.	Linoleic Acid	158-166	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	88-92
1587852-0	1992	Modulation of the epidermal growth factor mitogenic response by metabolites of linoleic and arachidonic acid in Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts.	Linoleic Acid	79-87	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	18-41
1579592-6	1992	beta-Carotene inhibits the oxidation of linoleic acid by soybean lipoxygenase as well as the formation of the hydroperoxide product.	Linoleic Acid	40-53	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	65-77
1594582-4	1992	However, at 10(-5)-10(-7) M, linoleic acid, which is an essential fatty acid, a ligand of L-FABP, and the precursor of many eicosanoids and related lipids, stimulated the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in three randomly isolated and stably transfected cell clones that expressed L-FABP, but virtually did not stimulate the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in three L-FABP-nonexpressing clones transfected with the antisense DNA.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	fatty acid binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	90-96
1594582-4	1992	However, at 10(-5)-10(-7) M, linoleic acid, which is an essential fatty acid, a ligand of L-FABP, and the precursor of many eicosanoids and related lipids, stimulated the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in three randomly isolated and stably transfected cell clones that expressed L-FABP, but virtually did not stimulate the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in three L-FABP-nonexpressing clones transfected with the antisense DNA.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	fatty acid binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	279-285
1594582-4	1992	However, at 10(-5)-10(-7) M, linoleic acid, which is an essential fatty acid, a ligand of L-FABP, and the precursor of many eicosanoids and related lipids, stimulated the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in three randomly isolated and stably transfected cell clones that expressed L-FABP, but virtually did not stimulate the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in three L-FABP-nonexpressing clones transfected with the antisense DNA.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	fatty acid binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	279-285
1594582-5	1992	Linoleic acid at 10(-6) M increased cell number almost 3-fold (38% vs. 14%; P less than 0.0001) and thymidine incorporation nearly 5-fold (23.2% vs. 4.9%; P less than 0.001) in the L-FABP-expressing cells compared to that in the transfected nonexpressing cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	fatty acid binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	181-187
1594582-6	1992	L-FABP acted specifically and cooperatively with linoleic acid, inasmuch as all the proteins other than L-FABP in the transfected L-FABP nonexpressing cells and four other fatty acids (gamma-linolenic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and palmitoleic acid) were unable to effect a significant elevation or difference in the level of DNA synthesis that was attributable to the transfection.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	fatty acid binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
1594582-8	1992	The evidence supports the idea that L-FABP, the target protein of the liver carcinogen, acts specifically in concert with oxygenated metabolites of linoleic acid to modulate the growth of hepatocytes.	Linoleic Acid	148-161	fatty acid binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-42
1587852-8	1992	Addition of lipoxygenase-derived linoleate metabolites (10(-10)-10(-6) M) produced a 2-4-fold potentiation of EGF-stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation in SHE cells.	Linoleic Acid	33-42	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	110-113
1587852-11	1992	In studies on the mechanism of EGF regulation of linoleic acid metabolism, inhibitors of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity were observed to block EGF-stimulated HODE biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	31-34
1587852-11	1992	In studies on the mechanism of EGF regulation of linoleic acid metabolism, inhibitors of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity were observed to block EGF-stimulated HODE biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	89-92
1587852-11	1992	In studies on the mechanism of EGF regulation of linoleic acid metabolism, inhibitors of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity were observed to block EGF-stimulated HODE biosynthesis.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	89-92
1587852-12	1992	In addition, both cyclohexamide and actinomycin D attenuated the ability of EGF to increase linoleic acid metabolism in SHE cells.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	76-79
1587852-13	1992	EGF induction of the linoleate pathway appears to be linked to activation of the EGF receptor and may be modulated at transcriptional or translational levels.	Linoleic Acid	21-30	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	0-3
1587852-13	1992	EGF induction of the linoleate pathway appears to be linked to activation of the EGF receptor and may be modulated at transcriptional or translational levels.	Linoleic Acid	21-30	pro-epidermal growth factor	Mesocricetus auratus	81-84
1413394-11	1992	The effects of linoleic and linolenic acids on the development of specific activity of XDH were organ selective, too (Fig.	Linoleic Acid	15-23	xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase	Coturnix japonica	87-90
1625600-5	1992	The primary adverse metabolic action of trans unsaturated fatty acids is the competitive inhibition of delta-6-desaturase, the hepatic enzyme responsible for the initial metabolic desaturation of the essential fatty acids cis linoleic and cis alpha-linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	226-234	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	103-121
1593871-9	1992	In the same experiments, 5 mM linoleic acid stimulated insulin release to 11,260 +/- 867 pg (P less than 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	30-43	insulin	Homo sapiens	55-62
1346092-1	1992	The delta 6-desaturase reaction is regarded to be the rate-limiting step in the conversion of linoleic acid (18:2(n - 6)) to arachidonic acid (20:4(n - 6)).	Linoleic Acid	94-107	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	4-22
1312396-0	1992	Isolation and characterization of the initial radical adduct formed from linoleic acid and alpha-(4-pyridyl 1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone in the presence of soybean lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	73-86	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	164-176
1632527-1	1992	An assay for the detection of hydroperoxy derivatives of linoleic acid formed by the action of 15-lipoxygenase is described.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	95-110
1632527-6	1992	The assay described herein takes advantage of the ability of (9Z,11E)-13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HPODE), the product of the action of 15-lipoxygenase on linoleic acid, to oxidize N-benzoyl leucomethylene blue to methylene blue in the presence of hemoglobin.	Linoleic Acid	165-178	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	146-161
1318129-2	1992	Delta-6-desaturase is responsible for the conversion of linoleic acid to gamma linolenic acid.	Linoleic Acid	56-69	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	0-18
1530793-0	1992	IL-1 increases phospholipase A2 activity, expression of phospholipase A2-activating protein, and release of linoleic acid from the murine T helper cell line EL-4.	Linoleic Acid	108-121	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	0-4
1728982-2	1992	Fatty acid oxygenases were activated in rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-1) by incubating them for 2-4 hr with 33-300 microM of arachidonic acid (AA) or linoleic acid (LA).	Linoleic Acid	155-168	RB transcriptional corepressor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	71-76
1321553-3	1992	Diabetic animals and humans have a reduced ability to convert dietary linoleic acid to GLA.	Linoleic Acid	70-83	galactosidase alpha	Homo sapiens	87-90
1559341-10	1992	A formulation containing EGF, insulin, transferrin, selenium, and linoleic acid (EGF + ITSL) stimulated the highest level of DNA synthesis of BCEC, which was approximately 25% higher than the increase stimulated by addition of 10% newborn bovine serum.	Linoleic Acid	66-79	LOC521832	Bos taurus	81-84
1530793-15	1992	Furthermore, the release of the unsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid or its metabolites may be of functional importance in IL-1-mediated IL-2 production by EL-4 cells.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	137-141
1530793-11	1992	Linoleic acid also augmented PMA-induced IL-2 release from the EL-4 cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	41-45
1530793-15	1992	Furthermore, the release of the unsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid or its metabolites may be of functional importance in IL-1-mediated IL-2 production by EL-4 cells.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	123-127
1546066-6	1992	Furthermore, radiolabeled linoleic acid, a specific substrate for the 15-lipoxygenase, was metabolized to its respective product 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) in the presence of LDL.	Linoleic Acid	26-39	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	70-85
16668631-4	1992	Lipoxygenases L-5 and L-6 preferentially produced 13(S)-hydroperoxy-9(Z), 11(E)-octadecadienoic acid (13S-HPOD) as a reaction product of linoleic acid, whereas lipoxygenase L-4 produced both 13S-HPOD and 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E), 12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	137-150	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	160-172
16668631-4	1992	Lipoxygenases L-5 and L-6 preferentially produced 13(S)-hydroperoxy-9(Z), 11(E)-octadecadienoic acid (13S-HPOD) as a reaction product of linoleic acid, whereas lipoxygenase L-4 produced both 13S-HPOD and 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E), 12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid.	Linoleic Acid	137-150	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	173-176
1959624-3	1991	In the presence of linoleic acid, the level of n-hexanal produced was highest in the lipoxygenase-1, -3 double deficient line, followed by the lipoxygenase-2, -3 double deficient, wild type, and lipoxygenase-1, -2, -3 triple deficient lines in that order, and lowest in the lipoxygenase-1, -2 double deficient line.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	85-103
1815240-2	1991	Relative contents of linoleic acid of serum PL and CE were significantly lower in mothers with PIH compared to normal pregnancies.	Linoleic Acid	21-34	pregnancy-induced hypertension (pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, toxemia of pregnancy included)	Homo sapiens	95-98
1959624-3	1991	In the presence of linoleic acid, the level of n-hexanal produced was highest in the lipoxygenase-1, -3 double deficient line, followed by the lipoxygenase-2, -3 double deficient, wild type, and lipoxygenase-1, -2, -3 triple deficient lines in that order, and lowest in the lipoxygenase-1, -2 double deficient line.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-2	Glycine max	143-217
1959624-3	1991	In the presence of linoleic acid, the level of n-hexanal produced was highest in the lipoxygenase-1, -3 double deficient line, followed by the lipoxygenase-2, -3 double deficient, wild type, and lipoxygenase-1, -2, -3 triple deficient lines in that order, and lowest in the lipoxygenase-1, -2 double deficient line.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	Glycine max	195-213
1815499-1	1991	The lipoxygenase-catalyzed hydroxylation of proline was studied in vitro in the presence of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	92-105	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	4-16
1815499-6	1991	It is suggested that free-radical products of linoleic acid peroxidation may co-oxygenate proline in the presence of lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	117-129
1808628-1	1991	Previous experiments demonstrated the ability-of a gamma-linoleic acid (GLA) dietary supplementation (as evening primrose oil--EPO) to counteract the fall off in delta-6-desaturase (D6D) activity of linoleic acid and alpha-linoleic acid in aged rats.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	162-180
1786987-7	1991	FACS analysis revealed that MEL-14 expression as well as the expression of LFA-1 was somewhat elevated in intensity on T and B lymphocytes after incubation with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	161-174	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Mus musculus	0-4
1786987-7	1991	FACS analysis revealed that MEL-14 expression as well as the expression of LFA-1 was somewhat elevated in intensity on T and B lymphocytes after incubation with linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	161-174	integrin alpha L	Mus musculus	75-80
1941177-5	1991	The level of linoleic acid was approximately halved in the triacylglycerol and cholesteryl ester fractions of C-VLDL compared with S-VLDL.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	CD320 antigen	Mus musculus	112-116
1808628-1	1991	Previous experiments demonstrated the ability-of a gamma-linoleic acid (GLA) dietary supplementation (as evening primrose oil--EPO) to counteract the fall off in delta-6-desaturase (D6D) activity of linoleic acid and alpha-linoleic acid in aged rats.	Linoleic Acid	57-70	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	182-185
1808628-1	1991	Previous experiments demonstrated the ability-of a gamma-linoleic acid (GLA) dietary supplementation (as evening primrose oil--EPO) to counteract the fall off in delta-6-desaturase (D6D) activity of linoleic acid and alpha-linoleic acid in aged rats.	Linoleic Acid	217-236	fatty acid desaturase 2	Rattus norvegicus	182-185
1917938-4	1991	A small fraction, about 14%, of PLPC disappearance was due to removal of linoleate from the sn-2 ester bond to form plasma cholesterol esters, presumably by lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase.	Linoleic Acid	73-82	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	157-193
1653237-8	1991	Cell exposure to linoleic acid (1 microM) caused a significant decrease in lipid order and an increase in lipid lateral mobility along with increased O2- production to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) (191%) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (39%), p less than 0.02 for each.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	168-188
1653237-8	1991	Cell exposure to linoleic acid (1 microM) caused a significant decrease in lipid order and an increase in lipid lateral mobility along with increased O2- production to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) (191%) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (39%), p less than 0.02 for each.	Linoleic Acid	17-30	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	190-194
1789795-4	1991	We also observed significantly lower ACAT activities in the microsomes from fibroblasts enriched with the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids relative to cells enriched with oleic acid or linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	184-197	sterol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
1679081-1	1991	The effects of dietary alpha-linolenate (18:3, n-3) and linoleate (18:2, n-6) on platelet-activating factor (PAF) production were examined.	Linoleic Acid	56-65	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	81-107
1679081-1	1991	The effects of dietary alpha-linolenate (18:3, n-3) and linoleate (18:2, n-6) on platelet-activating factor (PAF) production were examined.	Linoleic Acid	56-65	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	109-112
1679081-7	1991	These results demonstrate that PAF production is modulated in some as yet unknown way by changing the alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance of the diet.	Linoleic Acid	119-128	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
1680652-1	1991	Catalytic potential of lipoxygenase coupled with linoleic acid oxidation.	Linoleic Acid	49-62	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	23-35
1659156-0	1991	Linoleic acid and dihomogammalinolenic acid inhibit leukotriene B4 formation and stimulate the formation of their 15-lipoxygenase products by human neutrophils in vitro.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	114-129
1646600-3	1991	Linoleic acid-derived radicals, which are formed in the reaction of linoleic acid with soybean lipoxygenase, were trapped with nitrosobenzene and the resulting radical adducts were analysed by h.p.l.c.-e.p.r.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	95-107
1646600-3	1991	Linoleic acid-derived radicals, which are formed in the reaction of linoleic acid with soybean lipoxygenase, were trapped with nitrosobenzene and the resulting radical adducts were analysed by h.p.l.c.-e.p.r.	Linoleic Acid	68-81	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	95-107
2046486-7	1991	Differences observed in phospholipid fatty acid composition in splenocytes and liver subcellular membranes for mice fed diets differing in linoleic acid content suggest that the early expression of the lpr gene resulting in progression of autoimmunity may be delayed through dietary manipulation.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	202-205
1903659-1	1991	The linoleic or arachidonic acid entrapped in cyclodextrin (alpha, beta or gamma) serves as an excellent substrate for soybean lipoxygenase-1 catalysis.	Linoleic Acid	4-12	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	127-139
1903070-4	1991	The inhibition of lipoxygenase activity by these pigments has been found to be competitive with linoleic acid, showing an increase of 4-7-fold of the Km value of linoleic acid in the presence of concentrations of hemin and hemoglobin as low as 0.2 and 0.02 microM, respectively, for the case of platelet lipoxygenase activity.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	18-30
1903070-4	1991	The inhibition of lipoxygenase activity by these pigments has been found to be competitive with linoleic acid, showing an increase of 4-7-fold of the Km value of linoleic acid in the presence of concentrations of hemin and hemoglobin as low as 0.2 and 0.02 microM, respectively, for the case of platelet lipoxygenase activity.	Linoleic Acid	96-109	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	304-316
1903070-4	1991	The inhibition of lipoxygenase activity by these pigments has been found to be competitive with linoleic acid, showing an increase of 4-7-fold of the Km value of linoleic acid in the presence of concentrations of hemin and hemoglobin as low as 0.2 and 0.02 microM, respectively, for the case of platelet lipoxygenase activity.	Linoleic Acid	162-175	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	18-30
1903070-4	1991	The inhibition of lipoxygenase activity by these pigments has been found to be competitive with linoleic acid, showing an increase of 4-7-fold of the Km value of linoleic acid in the presence of concentrations of hemin and hemoglobin as low as 0.2 and 0.02 microM, respectively, for the case of platelet lipoxygenase activity.	Linoleic Acid	162-175	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	304-316
1903070-7	1991	The results obtained in this paper for the cooxidation process of hemin and hemoglobin by lipoxygenase can be rationalized in terms of hemin binding at or near to the catalytic center, resulting in a lesser binding of linoleic acid and an enhanced release of radicals, and pigment bleaching by radicals and lipid hydroperoxides.	Linoleic Acid	218-231	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	90-102
1674661-2	1991	One method of counteracting the effect of slowed desaturation of linoleic acid would be to provide the 6-desaturated metabolite, gamma-linolenic acid (18:3(n-6) GLA) directly.	Linoleic Acid	65-78	galactosidase, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
1897395-1	1991	Conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid (referred to by the acronym CLA) constitute a newly recognized class of anticarcinogenic fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	34-47	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	76-79
1900203-4	1991	The soybean lipoxygenase, in contrast, prefers the 9Z,12Z-octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid) which is oxygenated to its n - 6 hydroperoxy derivative.	Linoleic Acid	51-78	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	12-24
1900203-4	1991	The soybean lipoxygenase, in contrast, prefers the 9Z,12Z-octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid) which is oxygenated to its n - 6 hydroperoxy derivative.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	12-24
1989419-8	1991	LCAT activity on day 1 correlated with LDL-CE linoleate (P less than 0.05, r = 0.48).	Linoleic Acid	46-55	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	0-4
1989527-4	1991	These antibodies also blocked desaturation of oleic acid to linoleic acid in lipids of C. tinctorius microsomes by 93%, suggesting that cytochrome b5 is the electron donor for the delta 12 desaturase.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	cytochrome b5	Brassica oleracea	136-149
1904618-3	1991	Purified soybean lipoxygenase was found to oxidize thiobenzamide to thiobenzamide sulfoxide in the presence of linoleic acid at a rate of 241 nmoles/min/nmole enzyme.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	17-29
1845137-0	1991	Products of oxidized linoleate mediate the release of interleukin-1 beta from human macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	21-30	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	54-72
2034031-0	1991	Effect of dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor production in mouse macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	35-44	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	83-104
2034031-1	1991	We examined the effect of dietary alpha-linolenate (18:3n-3)/linoleate (18:2n-6) balance on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in mouse macrophages.	Linoleic Acid	61-70	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	125-146
2034031-2	1991	Resident and casein-induced peritoneal macrophages from mice fed a high alpha-linolenate diet produced a higher amount of TNF than in the high linoleate diet group.	Linoleic Acid	143-152	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	122-125
2034031-4	1991	Serum TNF levels of mice intraperitoneally injected with LPS was also higher in the high alpha-linolenate group than in the high linoleate group.	Linoleic Acid	129-138	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	6-9
2122915-7	1990	Two polyunsaturated fatty acids other than ETYA, arachidonic acid and linoleic acid, also potentiated the PMA effect and a lipoxygenase derivative, 12 hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12 HETE), did not modify the basal and PMA-stimulated u-PA syntheses.	Linoleic Acid	70-83	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Sus scrofa	235-239
2076525-4	1990	Under physiologic conditions (i.e., in the control group), the drop in linoleic acid content and the rise in saturated fatty acids were associated with increased insulin secretion, and decrease in maximal insulin action.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	insulin	Homo sapiens	162-169
16667821-1	1990	Microsomal membranes isolated from the pericarp of maturegreen tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruit rapidly metabolize exogenous radiolabeled linoleic acid into fatty acid oxidation products at 22 degrees C. The reaction is strongly inhibited by n-propyl gallate, an inhibitor of lipoxygenase.	Linoleic Acid	144-157	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase A	Solanum lycopersicum	282-294
2293454-3	1990	Elevation of linoleic acid level in the ration of animals with chronic alcoholic intoxication diminishes the symptoms of alcoholic hepatosis: hepatocyte vacuolization and the content of neutral lipids in them are lowered, serum enzyme (alanine-aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase) activity decreases as well as the signs of essential fatty acid deficiency disappear.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	gamma-glutamyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	262-287
2227362-5	1990	Analysis of total fatty acids revealed that human milk contained significantly more linoleic acid than bovine milk.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	50-54
18597258-1	1990	Lipoxygenase-catalyzed linoleic acid peroxidation was chosen as a model system to study the applicability of oxygraphy to monitor the oxygen uptake in organic solvents containing reverse micelles.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	0-12
2233691-0	1990	Epidermal growth factor stimulates linoleic acid metabolism in BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts.	Linoleic Acid	35-48	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	0-23
2233691-4	1990	In an extension of these investigations, we have now found that EGF stimulates lipoxygenase metabolites of linoleic acid in BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts.	Linoleic Acid	107-120	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	64-67
2233691-5	1990	In the presence of EGF (10 ng/ml), the cells converted 10-15% of exogenous linoleic acid (10 microM) to hydroxy fatty acids that were isolated on reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography.	Linoleic Acid	75-88	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	19-22
2233691-9	1990	These linoleate derivatives stimulated DNA synthesis at concentration ranges of 10(-8) to 10(-6) M. Thus, linoleic acid metabolism might be an important element in the EGF-regulated cascade of biochemical events leading to fibroblast mitogenesis.	Linoleic Acid	6-15	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	168-171
2233691-9	1990	These linoleate derivatives stimulated DNA synthesis at concentration ranges of 10(-8) to 10(-6) M. Thus, linoleic acid metabolism might be an important element in the EGF-regulated cascade of biochemical events leading to fibroblast mitogenesis.	Linoleic Acid	106-119	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	168-171
2271537-10	1990	A similar route is derived from linoleic acid: cis-4-decenoic acid----c4DC10----c4DC8 (cis-4-octenedioic)----DC6.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	suppressor of cytokine signaling 6	Homo sapiens	47-52
2271537-10	1990	A similar route is derived from linoleic acid: cis-4-decenoic acid----c4DC10----c4DC8 (cis-4-octenedioic)----DC6.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	suppressor of cytokine signaling 6	Homo sapiens	87-92
2271537-10	1990	A similar route is derived from linoleic acid: cis-4-decenoic acid----c4DC10----c4DC8 (cis-4-octenedioic)----DC6.	Linoleic Acid	32-45	ENY2 transcription and export complex 2 subunit	Homo sapiens	109-112
2127821-9	1990	These findings are consistent with an inhibition of the delta 6 desaturase by high dietary linoleate.	Linoleic Acid	91-100	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	56-74
2114113-2	1990	When linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, or eicosapentaenoic acid was added, each inhibited epidermal growth factor-induced cell growth and showed cytotoxicity at high concentrations (greater than 10 microM).	Linoleic Acid	5-18	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	89-112
2366633-1	1990	delta 6 Desaturase was measured in the mouse brain and liver using linoleic acid as substrate.	Linoleic Acid	67-80	fatty acid desaturase 2	Mus musculus	0-18
2159804-2	1990	Unsaturated free fatty acids (palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) inhibited the Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity within a narrow range, while saturated and methylated fatty acids had little or no effect.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	120-126
1692840-3	1990	The newly isolated EDC1 inhibits cellular proliferation of a Burkitt"s lymphoma cell line, Raji, growing in serum-free medium supplemented with insulin, transferrin, selenium, and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	180-193	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	19-23
2112389-2	1990	Linoleic acid, but not gamma-linolenic acid requires the activity of delta 6-desaturase for its conversion to dihomo-gamma-linolenic and arachidonic acid.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	69-87
2318885-2	1990	Transfection of osteosarcoma cells with a mammalian expression plasmid containing the cDNA for human reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase resulted in cell lines that were capable of oxidizing body arachidonic acid and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	210-223	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	114-129
2341915-4	1990	Rats fed the linoleic acid-rich rather than the oleic acid-rich oil had increased heart MnSOD activity but had unchanged plasma and HDL cholesterol levels.	Linoleic Acid	13-26	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	88-93
2104842-4	1990	A bleeding anemia was induced in rabbits, and in the course of the subsequent reticulocytosis the red cell membranes were examined for the presence of the characteristic lipoxygenase products of linoleic and arachidonic acids.	Linoleic Acid	195-203	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	170-182
2340074-5	1990	The overall conformation of OBCAM was unaltered by adding linoleic acid, which is required for opioid ligand binding.	Linoleic Acid	58-71	opioid binding protein/cell adhesion molecule like	Homo sapiens	28-33
2297758-2	1990	Previously we isolated an active principal and characterized it as an isomeric mixture of conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid (CLA).	Linoleic Acid	124-137	clasper	Mus musculus	139-142
1697230-9	1990	Determination of relative ligand binding characteristics indicated A-FABP exhibited greatest binding activity in response to linoleate, followed by oleate, palmityl CoA and palmitate; no binding affinity for cholesterol was detected.	Linoleic Acid	125-134	fatty acid binding protein 4	Gallus gallus	67-73
2183768-1	1990	Evidence leading to the recognition of the anticarcinogenic activity of the conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid (CLA) is reviewed.	Linoleic Acid	110-123	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	125-128
2111863-5	1990	Accordingly, the effects with linoleic acid are less impressive, but more complex (e.g. lowering of plasma cholesterol, inhibition of renin) than with both other n-6 fatty acids.	Linoleic Acid	30-43	renin	Homo sapiens	134-139
33939797-5	2021	By contrast, the mobile tail of PUFA linoleic acid can be accommodated in the crevice of the hydrophobic cassette, a defining feature of PUFA selectivity in KCNQ1.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	32-36
2232933-1	1990	Evidence establishing the anticarcinogenic activity of the conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid (CLA) is reviewed.	Linoleic Acid	93-106	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	108-111
2232933-4	1990	Another source of CLA is its endogenous generation via the carbon centered free radical oxidation of linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	101-114	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	18-21
33939797-5	2021	By contrast, the mobile tail of PUFA linoleic acid can be accommodated in the crevice of the hydrophobic cassette, a defining feature of PUFA selectivity in KCNQ1.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	137-141
33939797-5	2021	By contrast, the mobile tail of PUFA linoleic acid can be accommodated in the crevice of the hydrophobic cassette, a defining feature of PUFA selectivity in KCNQ1.	Linoleic Acid	37-50	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1	Homo sapiens	157-162
10400618-1	1999	Analysis of purified soybean and rabbit reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) and PA317 cells transfected with human 15-LOX revealed a rapid rate of linoleate-dependent nitric oxide (.NO) uptake that coincided with reversible inhibition of product ((13S)-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid, or (13S)-HPODE) formation.	Linoleic Acid	149-158	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	53-68
33793947-5	2021	LOX activity was measured for purified soybean (Glycine max) LOX1 and in crude Arabidopsis root extracts using linoleic acid as substrate.	Linoleic Acid	111-124	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	0-3
33793947-8	2021	The addition of linoleic acid to roots stimulated 1O2 production and inhibited growth, suggesting that the availability of LOX substrate is a rate-limiting step.	Linoleic Acid	16-29	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-3	Glycine max	123-126
33770440-4	2021	HD is a homeodomain-like transcriptional regulator that may regulate the expression level of microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD3) genes responsible for the conversion of linoleic acid into ALA in the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway.	Linoleic Acid	181-194	microsomal omega-3-fatty acid desaturase	Glycine max	93-133
33770440-4	2021	HD is a homeodomain-like transcriptional regulator that may regulate the expression level of microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD3) genes responsible for the conversion of linoleic acid into ALA in the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway.	Linoleic Acid	181-194	omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, endoplasmic reticulum	Glycine max	135-139
33804920-6	2021	Additionally, following 6 weeks of 60% high-fat diet, female Ghsr-/- mice exhibited reduced responsiveness to linoleic acid (LA) compared to their wild-type (WT) counterparts, while no such differences were observed in male Ghsr-/- and WT mice.	Linoleic Acid	110-123	growth hormone secretagogue receptor	Mus musculus	61-65
33809593-9	2021	Linolenic and linoleic acid significantly attenuated LPS-induced formation of reactive nitrogen species and interleukin-1 beta mRNA expression in J774A.1 cells.	Linoleic Acid	14-27	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	108-126
33814981-10	2021	In vitro, ADAM8 expression was upregulated in hepatoma, endothelial, and stellate cell lines by various mediators of steatohepatitis including fatty acid (linoleic-oleic acid), IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and TGF-beta.	Linoleic Acid	155-163	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 8	Mus musculus	10-15
10400618-1	1999	Analysis of purified soybean and rabbit reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) and PA317 cells transfected with human 15-LOX revealed a rapid rate of linoleate-dependent nitric oxide (.NO) uptake that coincided with reversible inhibition of product ((13S)-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid, or (13S)-HPODE) formation.	Linoleic Acid	149-158	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	70-76
10400618-1	1999	Analysis of purified soybean and rabbit reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) and PA317 cells transfected with human 15-LOX revealed a rapid rate of linoleate-dependent nitric oxide (.NO) uptake that coincided with reversible inhibition of product ((13S)-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid, or (13S)-HPODE) formation.	Linoleic Acid	149-158	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	117-123
34813948-8	2022	As TG is considered to work as a reservoir of linoleic acid for the biosynthesis of Cer(EOS) from Cer(OS), our results suggest that Acsl1 plays an essential role in omega-O-acylceramide synthesis by providing linoleic acid for omega-O-esterification.	Linoleic Acid	46-59	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Mus musculus	132-137
34813948-8	2022	As TG is considered to work as a reservoir of linoleic acid for the biosynthesis of Cer(EOS) from Cer(OS), our results suggest that Acsl1 plays an essential role in omega-O-acylceramide synthesis by providing linoleic acid for omega-O-esterification.	Linoleic Acid	209-222	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Mus musculus	132-137
34813948-0	2022	Acsl1 is essential for skin barrier function through the activation of linoleic acid and biosynthesis of omega-O-acylceramide in mice.	Linoleic Acid	71-84	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Mus musculus	0-5
34942378-2	2022	Interaction between collagen and glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is a primary platelet stimulus that liberates arachidonic acid and linoleic acid from membrane phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	123-136	glycoprotein VI platelet	Homo sapiens	33-48
34813948-5	2022	In Acsl1-/- mice, epidermal ceramide (EOS) (Cer(EOS)) containing omega-O-esterified linoleic acid, a lipid essential for the skin barrier, was significantly reduced.	Linoleic Acid	84-97	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	Mus musculus	3-8
34942378-2	2022	Interaction between collagen and glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is a primary platelet stimulus that liberates arachidonic acid and linoleic acid from membrane phospholipids.	Linoleic Acid	123-136	glycoprotein VI platelet	Homo sapiens	50-54
34958945-5	2022	Two key indicators Lipoxygenase arachidonic acid 15 lipoxygenase (ALOX15) and Cytochrome P450 1A2(CYP1A2) of linoleic acid metabolism pathway were verified by RT-PCR, WB and ELISA.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2	Rattus norvegicus	78-97
34801790-6	2022	The effects of the interaction between MEHP levels and maternal LXRB (rs2303044) genotype on linoleic acid levels was also significant (pint = 0.010).	Linoleic Acid	93-106	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 2	Homo sapiens	64-68
34958945-5	2022	Two key indicators Lipoxygenase arachidonic acid 15 lipoxygenase (ALOX15) and Cytochrome P450 1A2(CYP1A2) of linoleic acid metabolism pathway were verified by RT-PCR, WB and ELISA.	Linoleic Acid	109-122	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2	Rattus norvegicus	98-104
34910493-0	2022	Hyaluronic Acid-Modified Nanoparticles Self-Assembled from Linoleic Acid-Conjugated Chitosan for the Codelivery of miR34a and Doxorubicin in Resistant Breast Cancer.	Linoleic Acid	59-72	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	115-121
34606993-5	2022	In particular, the levels of linoleic acid-derived endocannabinoid-like molecules, of one of their 12-lipoxygenase metabolites and of Trpv2 expression, were always altered in tissues exhibiting the highest inflammation.	Linoleic Acid	29-42	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 2	Mus musculus	134-139
34934478-4	2021	The presence of linoleic acid at this site modulates binding of the spike to the human ACE2 receptor, stabilizing a locked conformation of the protein.	Linoleic Acid	16-29	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	68-73
34928153-0	2021	trans 10, cis 12, but Not cis 9, trans 11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Isomer Enhances Exercise Endurance by Increasing Oxidative Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type via Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling in Mice.	Linoleic Acid	53-66	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	157-177
34934478-9	2021	These communication networks significantly involve positions that are prone to mutation, indicating that observed genetic variation in the spike may alter its response to linoleate binding and associated allosteric communication.	Linoleic Acid	171-180	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	139-144
34948014-4	2021	Furthermore, GR+/- rats showed dysregulation of the equilibrated linoleic and arachidonic acid pathways, with a significant increase of less active metabolites such as 8,9-DiHETrE.	Linoleic Acid	65-73	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-15
34725110-4	2021	In this study, we demonstrated that deficiency of Acsl4 in mouse rpMACs resulted in a significant reduction of AA incorporated into all phospholipid classes and a reciprocal increase in incorporation of oleic acid and linoleic acid.	Linoleic Acid	218-231	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4	Mus musculus	50-55
34945751-6	2021	In subgroup A there were found: (1) negative associations of SOD-with linoleic, eicosatrienoic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic FAs, positive associations-with palmitic acid; (2) positive correlations of CAT level with palmitoleic and stearic acids; (3) negative associations between of GPx and palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic and octadecenoic FAs.	Linoleic Acid	70-78	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
34465121-5	2021	LC-PUFA synthesis implies complex desaturation and elongation processes on their principal precursors, linoleic acid (LA) (18:3 n-6) (series n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (LNA) (20:3 n-3) (series n-3), where fatty acid desaturases (FADS) and elongases (ELOVL) are competing.	Linoleic Acid	103-116	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	3-7
34718859-0	2022	FADS1 rs174550 genotype and high linoleic acid diet modify plasma PUFA phospholipids in a dietary intervention study.	Linoleic Acid	33-46	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	66-70
34718859-1	2022	INTRODUCTION: Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene encodes for delta-5 desaturase enzyme which is needed in conversion of linoleic acid (LA) to arachidonic acid (AA).	Linoleic Acid	122-135	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	14-37
34718859-1	2022	INTRODUCTION: Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene encodes for delta-5 desaturase enzyme which is needed in conversion of linoleic acid (LA) to arachidonic acid (AA).	Linoleic Acid	122-135	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
34718859-1	2022	INTRODUCTION: Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene encodes for delta-5 desaturase enzyme which is needed in conversion of linoleic acid (LA) to arachidonic acid (AA).	Linoleic Acid	122-135	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	63-81
34427748-10	2021	Four lipoxygenase proteins were down-regulated in linoleic acid metabolism while four oleosin proteins were up-regulated in the final oil formation.	Linoleic Acid	50-63	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	5-17
34748631-2	2022	We report a statistically significant sex-dependent association with age of a panel of metabolites and lipids involving, in women cohort, linoleic acid, alpha-linoleic acid, and carnitine, and, in men sub-group, monoacylglycerols and lysophosphatidylcholines.	Linoleic Acid	138-151	renin binding protein	Homo sapiens	69-72
34748631-2	2022	We report a statistically significant sex-dependent association with age of a panel of metabolites and lipids involving, in women cohort, linoleic acid, alpha-linoleic acid, and carnitine, and, in men sub-group, monoacylglycerols and lysophosphatidylcholines.	Linoleic Acid	153-172	renin binding protein	Homo sapiens	69-72
34749189-5	2021	Here we describe methods for the total synthesis of hydroxy-epoxy-octadecenoate derivatives of linoleic acid (HEL1), and stable analogs that are designed to be resistant to inactivation by: (a) acylation/esterification (thus trapping these lipids in the free acid pool), (b) dehydrogenation, and (c) analogs combining both modifications.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, containing DEAD/H box 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
34722605-0	2021	Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Modulates the Hepatic Circadian Clock Program via PPARalpha/REV-ERBalpha-Mediated Chromatin Modification in Mice.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	circadian locomotor output cycles kaput	Mus musculus	65-70
34722605-0	2021	Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Modulates the Hepatic Circadian Clock Program via PPARalpha/REV-ERBalpha-Mediated Chromatin Modification in Mice.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	83-92
34722605-0	2021	Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Modulates the Hepatic Circadian Clock Program via PPARalpha/REV-ERBalpha-Mediated Chromatin Modification in Mice.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D, member 1	Mus musculus	93-105
34882664-4	2021	We hypothesized that feeding rats with diet rich in linoleic acid (LA), a natural PPARgamma agonist modifies mRNA levels for enzymes catalyzing BCAAs degradation in adipose tissue.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	82-91
34702956-10	2021	Linoleic acid, a polyunsaturated essential fatty acid, upregulated SIRT6 and prolonged the survival of mice injected with PDACshKLF10.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	sirtuin 6	Mus musculus	67-72
34275626-0	2021	The inhibitory effect of trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid on sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 activation in bovine mammary epithelial cells involved reduced proteasomal degradation of insulin-induced gene-1.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Bos taurus	69-112
34275626-0	2021	The inhibitory effect of trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid on sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 activation in bovine mammary epithelial cells involved reduced proteasomal degradation of insulin-induced gene-1.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	insulin induced gene 1	Bos taurus	203-225
34569089-8	2021	The concentrations of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid in the LD group were increased significantly (p < 0.05) than those in the CTR and SD groups.	Linoleic Acid	22-35	calcitonin receptor	Homo sapiens	135-138
34113999-11	2021	Feature ratios of several fatty acids-myristic acid (m/z 227.2018, retention time (RT) 229), heptadecanoic acid (m/z 269.2491, RT 276), linoleic acid (m/z 280.2358, RT 236)-were negatively correlated with fasting plasma concentrations of leptin (nanograms per milliliter) and adiponectin (micrograms per milliliter), respectively (all P < 0.05).	Linoleic Acid	136-149	leptin	Homo sapiens	238-244
34116267-1	2021	This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of introducing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on meiotic spindle organization of heat stressed (HS) matured oocytes and the resulting blastocysts DNA methylation as well as the expression of the genes involved in DNA methylation (DNMT3a, DNMT3b and DNMT1).	Linoleic Acid	76-89	DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha	Bos taurus	280-286
34116267-1	2021	This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of introducing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on meiotic spindle organization of heat stressed (HS) matured oocytes and the resulting blastocysts DNA methylation as well as the expression of the genes involved in DNA methylation (DNMT3a, DNMT3b and DNMT1).	Linoleic Acid	76-89	DNA methyltransferase 3 beta	Bos taurus	288-294
34116267-1	2021	This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of introducing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on meiotic spindle organization of heat stressed (HS) matured oocytes and the resulting blastocysts DNA methylation as well as the expression of the genes involved in DNA methylation (DNMT3a, DNMT3b and DNMT1).	Linoleic Acid	76-89	DNA methyltransferase 1	Bos taurus	299-304
34617201-1	2021	We previously showed that dietary trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA) stimulates estrogen-independent mammary growth in young ovariectomized mice.	Linoleic Acid	62-75	clasper	Mus musculus	83-86
34072473-4	2021	Oleic acid (18:1) is the substrate for 18:1OH synthesis, but it is also used by fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) and FAD3 to sequentially produce linoleic and linolenic acids.	Linoleic Acid	144-152	delta(12)-fatty-acid desaturase FAD2	Ricinus communis	80-103
34578930-9	2021	Results: In multivariable adjusted linear regression models per SD increment, the non-esterified trans fatty acid conjugated linoleic acid (trans-18:2 CLA) was positively associated with carotid IMT (beta (95% CI): 44.8 (19.2, 70.4), p = 0.025) among participants with, but not without, ASCVD (2.16 (-6.74, 11.5), p = 1.000).	Linoleic Acid	125-138	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	151-154
34471469-7	2021	The lipotoxicity of fatty acid (including palmitic acid and linoleic acid) in beta cells was exacerbated by knockdown of Pex14, as indicated by H2O2 accumulation and increased programmed cell death.	Linoleic Acid	60-73	peroxisomal biogenesis factor 14	Rattus norvegicus	121-126
34489741-2	2021	Taz is an important enzyme responsible for synthesizing biologically relevant cardiolipin (for heart and skeletal muscle, cardiolipin rich in linoleic acid), a critical phospholipid of mitochondrial form and function.	Linoleic Acid	142-155	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Mus musculus	0-3
34489741-5	2021	Previous cell culture research has shown therapeutic potential for the addition of exogenous linoleic acid in improving Taz-deficient mitochondrial function but has not been examined in vivo.	Linoleic Acid	93-106	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Mus musculus	120-123
34489741-6	2021	The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of supplemental dietary linoleic acid on skeletal muscle function in a rodent model of Barth syndrome, the inducible Taz knockdown (TazKD) mouse.	Linoleic Acid	79-92	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Mus musculus	172-175
34111468-0	2021	Protective effect of alpha-linoleic acid on Abeta-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and memory impairment by alteration of alpha7 nAChR and NMDAR gene expression in the hippocampus of rats.	Linoleic Acid	21-40	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
34033145-10	2021	Monohydroxylated 15-lipoxygenase metabolites derived from linoleate, arachidonate, eicosapentaenoate, and docosahexaenoate were also increased.	Linoleic Acid	58-67	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	17-32
34072473-4	2021	Oleic acid (18:1) is the substrate for 18:1OH synthesis, but it is also used by fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) and FAD3 to sequentially produce linoleic and linolenic acids.	Linoleic Acid	144-152	delta(12)-fatty-acid desaturase FAD2	Ricinus communis	105-109
34171322-2	2021	The formation of this barrier requires oxidation of the substrate fatty acid, linoleate (LA), which is initiated by the enzyme 12R-lipoxygenase (LOX).	Linoleic Acid	78-87	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type	Homo sapiens	127-143
34171322-2	2021	The formation of this barrier requires oxidation of the substrate fatty acid, linoleate (LA), which is initiated by the enzyme 12R-lipoxygenase (LOX).	Linoleic Acid	78-87	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type	Homo sapiens	145-148
35615758-4	2022	The protein encoded by PNPLA1 acts as a unique transacylase that specifically transfers linoleic acid from triglyceride to omega-hydroxy fatty acid in ceramide, thus giving rise to omega-O-acylceramide, a particular class of sphingolipids that is essential for skin barrier function.	Linoleic Acid	88-101	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	23-29
35596974-0	2022	Linoleic acid reduces apoptosis via NF-kappaB during the in vitro development of induced parthenogenic porcine embryos.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	36-45
35596974-5	2022	Furthermore, the expression level of NF-kappaB increased, unlike that of IL-6, as the concentration of linoleic acid increased.	Linoleic Acid	103-116	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	37-46
35596974-5	2022	Furthermore, the expression level of NF-kappaB increased, unlike that of IL-6, as the concentration of linoleic acid increased.	Linoleic Acid	103-116	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	73-77
35596974-6	2022	Interestingly, the concentration of NF-kappaB was found to increase even at the concentration of linoleic acid at which embryo development decreased.	Linoleic Acid	97-110	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	36-45
35596974-8	2022	It was also found that MCL-1, an anti-apoptotic gene known to be unaffected by IL-6, was found to be increased at the mRNA level in the linoleic acid-treated group.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	23-28
35596974-8	2022	It was also found that MCL-1, an anti-apoptotic gene known to be unaffected by IL-6, was found to be increased at the mRNA level in the linoleic acid-treated group.	Linoleic Acid	136-149	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	79-83
35596974-9	2022	As the concentration of NF-kB increased, the nuclear translocation of C-JUN gradually increased dependent on the linoleic acid concentration.	Linoleic Acid	113-126	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	70-75
35596974-11	2022	These data supported porcine embryos can use exogenous linoleic acid as a metabolic energy source via NF-kappaB.	Linoleic Acid	55-68	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	102-111
35373897-0	2022	Linoleic Acid-Substituted Polyethyleneimine to Silence Heat Shock Protein 90B1 (HSP90B1) to Inhibit Migration of Breast Cancer Cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1	Homo sapiens	55-78
35373897-0	2022	Linoleic Acid-Substituted Polyethyleneimine to Silence Heat Shock Protein 90B1 (HSP90B1) to Inhibit Migration of Breast Cancer Cells.	Linoleic Acid	0-13	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1	Homo sapiens	80-87
35537354-3	2022	The nutritionally essential precursors alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3; ALA) and linoleic acid (C18:2n-6; LA) are subjected to desaturation by Delta6D/Delta5D desaturases and elongation by elongases 2/5, enzymes that are induced by insulin and repressed by PUFA.	Linoleic Acid	80-93	insulin	Homo sapiens	231-238
35247445-12	2022	The nocturnal migrants had significantly lower relative PUFA levels than both diurnal migrants, an effect mainly attributable to linoleic acid, an essential (strictly dietary) FA.	Linoleic Acid	129-142	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	56-60
35490599-2	2022	FADS1 converts linoleic acid (LA) to arachidonic acid (AA), a precursor to potent signaling molecules.	Linoleic Acid	15-28	fatty acid desaturase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
35568253-2	2022	These unusual sphingolipids with ultralong N-acyl chains contain linoleic acid esterified to the terminal hydroxyl of the N-acyl, the formation of which requires the transacylase activity of patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 1 (PNPLA1).	Linoleic Acid	65-78	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	191-237
35568253-2	2022	These unusual sphingolipids with ultralong N-acyl chains contain linoleic acid esterified to the terminal hydroxyl of the N-acyl, the formation of which requires the transacylase activity of patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 1 (PNPLA1).	Linoleic Acid	65-78	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	239-245
35568253-5	2022	Ultrastructural studies of skin samples from neonatal Pnpla1+/+ and Pnpla1-/- mice showed that the linoleate moiety in omega-O-acylCers is essential for lamellar pairing in lamellar bodies, as well as for stratum corneum lipid assembly into the long periodicity lamellar phase (LPP).	Linoleic Acid	99-108	patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 1	Mus musculus	54-60
35568253-5	2022	Ultrastructural studies of skin samples from neonatal Pnpla1+/+ and Pnpla1-/- mice showed that the linoleate moiety in omega-O-acylCers is essential for lamellar pairing in lamellar bodies, as well as for stratum corneum lipid assembly into the long periodicity lamellar phase (LPP).	Linoleic Acid	99-108	patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 1	Mus musculus	68-74
35565936-7	2022	The strategies include dietary supplementation of alpha-Linolenic acid (ALA) or n-3 LC-PUFA, or enhancing n-3 LC-PUFA by improving the LA (Linoleic acid)/ALA ratio and antioxidant concentrations.	Linoleic Acid	139-152	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	113-117
35373257-7	2022	This includes activity to upregulate 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) independent of COX-2 and increase the synthesis of 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE) from linoleic acid (LA) to downregulate PPAR-delta and induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer models.	Linoleic Acid	167-180	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	37-54
35472681-5	2022	At least two unsaturated LCFAs, oleic acid (OA) and linoleic acid (LA), were identified as GPR120 agonists within pancreatic islets.	Linoleic Acid	52-65	free fatty acid receptor 4	Mus musculus	91-97
35373257-7	2022	This includes activity to upregulate 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) independent of COX-2 and increase the synthesis of 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE) from linoleic acid (LA) to downregulate PPAR-delta and induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer models.	Linoleic Acid	167-180	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	56-64
35373257-7	2022	This includes activity to upregulate 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) independent of COX-2 and increase the synthesis of 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE) from linoleic acid (LA) to downregulate PPAR-delta and induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer models.	Linoleic Acid	167-180	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	202-212
35058078-0	2022	Dietary supplementation with gamma-linolenic, linoleic and oleic acids decreases PPAR-gamma expression and helps the tetracycline derivative to reduce NOD2 expression in patients with acne vulgaris.	Linoleic Acid	46-54	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	81-91
35312372-0	2022	sEH-derived metabolites of linoleic acid drive pathologic inflammation while impairing key innate immune cell function in burn injury.	Linoleic Acid	27-40	epoxide hydrolase 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
35382379-0	2022	Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates hepatic steatosis by modulating intestinal permeability and gut microbiota in ob/ob mice.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	leptin	Mus musculus	115-117
35382379-0	2022	Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates hepatic steatosis by modulating intestinal permeability and gut microbiota in ob/ob mice.	Linoleic Acid	11-24	leptin	Mus musculus	118-120
35382379-1	2022	Background: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is an effective supplement for reducing fat mass, but its effect on hepatic steatosis remains controversial.	Linoleic Acid	23-36	clasper	Mus musculus	38-41
35058078-0	2022	Dietary supplementation with gamma-linolenic, linoleic and oleic acids decreases PPAR-gamma expression and helps the tetracycline derivative to reduce NOD2 expression in patients with acne vulgaris.	Linoleic Acid	46-54	nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	151-155
35203397-5	2022	FFAR2 and FFAR3 are activated by short-chain fatty acids like acetate, propionate, and butyrate, whereas FFAR1 and FFAR4 are activated by medium- and long-chain fatty acids like palmitate, oleate, linoleate, and others.	Linoleic Acid	197-206	free fatty acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	105-110
35203397-5	2022	FFAR2 and FFAR3 are activated by short-chain fatty acids like acetate, propionate, and butyrate, whereas FFAR1 and FFAR4 are activated by medium- and long-chain fatty acids like palmitate, oleate, linoleate, and others.	Linoleic Acid	197-206	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	115-120
35215509-0	2022	Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Body Weight and Fat in Snord116m+/p- and Snord116m-/p- Mouse Models of Prader-Willi Syndrome.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	predicted gene, 26504	Mus musculus	64-72
35215509-0	2022	Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Body Weight and Fat in Snord116m+/p- and Snord116m-/p- Mouse Models of Prader-Willi Syndrome.	Linoleic Acid	19-32	predicted gene, 26504	Mus musculus	82-90
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	396-399
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	448-453
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	557-562
35311172-7	2022	Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of HE identified several anticancer compounds including palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, campesterol, stigmasterol, and gamma-sitosterol, supporting the anticancer potential of HE.	Linoleic Acid	125-138	gastrin	Homo sapiens	0-3
35071379-6	2021	Further association analysis also indicated that individuals with the AG genotype (g.14211090 G > A) of ACSF3 were significantly associated with the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat (higher content of linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid), and that CTCAG haplotype individuals were significantly related to the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat (higher linoleic acid content).	Linoleic Acid	212-225	acyl-CoA synthetase family member 3	Bos taurus	104-109
35071379-6	2021	Further association analysis also indicated that individuals with the AG genotype (g.14211090 G > A) of ACSF3 were significantly associated with the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat (higher content of linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid), and that CTCAG haplotype individuals were significantly related to the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat (higher linoleic acid content).	Linoleic Acid	395-408	acyl-CoA synthetase family member 3	Bos taurus	104-109
35215509-5	2022	We have previously also shown that obese mice with a deletion of Nhlh2 respond to a conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) diet with weight and fat loss.	Linoleic Acid	95-108	nescient helix loop helix 2	Mus musculus	65-70
35173269-2	2022	Linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids need to be provided in the diet and they are converted into long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids by steps of elongation and desaturation, exerted by elongases 2 (ELOVL2) and 5 (ELOVL5) and Delta5- (FADS1) and Delta6-desaturase (FADS2).	Linoleic Acid	0-8	elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	199-205
35173269-2	2022	Linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids need to be provided in the diet and they are converted into long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids by steps of elongation and desaturation, exerted by elongases 2 (ELOVL2) and 5 (ELOVL5) and Delta5- (FADS1) and Delta6-desaturase (FADS2).	Linoleic Acid	0-8	elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 5	Oryctolagus cuniculus	214-220
35173269-2	2022	Linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids need to be provided in the diet and they are converted into long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids by steps of elongation and desaturation, exerted by elongases 2 (ELOVL2) and 5 (ELOVL5) and Delta5- (FADS1) and Delta6-desaturase (FADS2).	Linoleic Acid	0-8	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fatty acid desaturase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	235-240
35173269-2	2022	Linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids need to be provided in the diet and they are converted into long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids by steps of elongation and desaturation, exerted by elongases 2 (ELOVL2) and 5 (ELOVL5) and Delta5- (FADS1) and Delta6-desaturase (FADS2).	Linoleic Acid	0-8	acyl-CoA 6-desaturase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	265-270
35157107-5	2022	RESULTS: Oleic acid (OA, 100 microM) was shown to down regulate expression of the insulin receptor, PTEN and a PI3K catalytic (p110beta) and regulatory (p85alpha) subunit compared to palmitic, linoleic and stearic acids (P < 0.04), and promote greater eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177.	Linoleic Acid	193-201	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	153-161
35073698-0	2022	N-Substituted 5-(1H-Indol-2-yl)-2-methoxyanilines Are Allosteric Inhibitors of the Linoleate Oxygenase Activity of Selected Mammalian ALOX15 Orthologs: Mechanism of Action.	Linoleic Acid	83-92	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	134-140
35073698-2	2022	For this purpose, we prepared a series of N-substituted 5-(1H-indol-2-yl)anilines and found that (N-(5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl)carbamates and their monofluorinated analogues are potent and selective inhibitors of the linoleate oxygenase activity of rabbit and human ALOX15.	Linoleic Acid	235-244	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	284-290
35073698-3	2022	Introduction of a 2-methoxyaniline moiety into the core pharmacophore plays a crucial role in substrate-selective inhibition of ALOX15-catalyzed oxygenation of linoleic acid at submicromolar concentrations without affecting arachidonic acid oxygenation.	Linoleic Acid	160-173	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	128-134
35073698-5	2022	Using a dimer model of ALOX15, our MD simulations suggest that the binding of the inhibitor at the active site of one monomer induces conformational alterations in the other monomer so that the formation of a productive enzyme-linoleic acid complex is energetically compromised.	Linoleic Acid	227-240	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	23-29
34981081-4	2022	Further, in order to aid in soft tissue attachment via the formation of hemidesmosomes, adhesive structures by oral keratinocytes, we coated the anionic linoleic acid (LA) adsorbed titanium with cationic cell adhesive peptides (CAP), LamLG3, a peptide derived from Laminin 332, the major extracellular matrix component of the basement membrane in skin tissue and Net1, derived from Netrin-1, a neural chemoattractant capable of epithelial cell attachment via alpha6beta4 integrins.	Linoleic Acid	153-166	neuroepithelial cell transforming 1	Homo sapiens	363-367
34981081-4	2022	Further, in order to aid in soft tissue attachment via the formation of hemidesmosomes, adhesive structures by oral keratinocytes, we coated the anionic linoleic acid (LA) adsorbed titanium with cationic cell adhesive peptides (CAP), LamLG3, a peptide derived from Laminin 332, the major extracellular matrix component of the basement membrane in skin tissue and Net1, derived from Netrin-1, a neural chemoattractant capable of epithelial cell attachment via alpha6beta4 integrins.	Linoleic Acid	153-166	netrin 1	Homo sapiens	382-390
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	4-27
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	49-67
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	69-72
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	fatty acid desaturase 2	Homo sapiens	131-134
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	270-274
35300779-1	2022	The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene encodes delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and is a member of the fatty acid desaturase gene family.D6D is the key enzyme catalyzing the transformation of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA).LC-PUFA play a crucial role in regulating the glycolipid metabolism of living organisms.In recent years,the activity of D6D and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of FADS2 gene have become a hot topic in the research on glycolipid metabolism.This article reviews the role of FADS2 gene in glycolipid metabolism.	Linoleic Acid	186-199	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	279-283