PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
24888824-5	2014	In this model, increased uptake of maternal dietary retinyl ester (RE) bounded in low-dense-lipoprotein (LDL) through low-density-lipoprotein-receptor 1 (LRP1) and increased activity of RE hydrolysis by lipoprotein-lipase (LPL) have been found.	Retinyl ester	52-65	LDL receptor related protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-152
25112876-1	2014	RPE65 is the retinoid isomerohydrolase that converts all-trans-retinyl ester to 11-cis-retinol, a key reaction in the retinoid visual cycle.	Retinyl ester	53-76	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	0-5
25112876-1	2014	RPE65 is the retinoid isomerohydrolase that converts all-trans-retinyl ester to 11-cis-retinol, a key reaction in the retinoid visual cycle.	Retinyl ester	53-76	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	13-38
24888824-5	2014	In this model, increased uptake of maternal dietary retinyl ester (RE) bounded in low-dense-lipoprotein (LDL) through low-density-lipoprotein-receptor 1 (LRP1) and increased activity of RE hydrolysis by lipoprotein-lipase (LPL) have been found.	Retinyl ester	52-65	LDL receptor related protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	154-158
24888824-5	2014	In this model, increased uptake of maternal dietary retinyl ester (RE) bounded in low-dense-lipoprotein (LDL) through low-density-lipoprotein-receptor 1 (LRP1) and increased activity of RE hydrolysis by lipoprotein-lipase (LPL) have been found.	Retinyl ester	52-65	lipoprotein lipase	Rattus norvegicus	203-221
24888824-5	2014	In this model, increased uptake of maternal dietary retinyl ester (RE) bounded in low-dense-lipoprotein (LDL) through low-density-lipoprotein-receptor 1 (LRP1) and increased activity of RE hydrolysis by lipoprotein-lipase (LPL) have been found.	Retinyl ester	52-65	lipoprotein lipase	Rattus norvegicus	223-226
22911105-0	2012	Intestinal DGAT1 deficiency reduces postprandial triglyceride and retinyl ester excursions by inhibiting chylomicron secretion and delaying gastric emptying.	Retinyl ester	66-79	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	11-16
24255038-10	2014	Inhibition of LRAT with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) prevented retinyl ester synthesis.	Retinyl ester	57-70	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	14-18
21795711-3	2011	We investigated in vivo whether lipoprotein lipase (LPL) facilitates the placental uptake of dietary retinyl ester incorporated in chylomicrons and their remnants and its transfer to the embryo.	Retinyl ester	101-114	lipoprotein lipase	Mus musculus	32-50
22498138-0	2012	Reorganization of cellular retinol-binding protein type 1 and lecithin:retinol acyltransferase during retinyl ester biosynthesis.	Retinyl ester	102-115	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	27-94
22498138-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Cellular retinol-binding protein, type 1 (Crbp1), chaperones retinyl ester (RE) biosynthesis catalyzed by lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT).	Retinyl ester	73-86	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
22498138-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Cellular retinol-binding protein, type 1 (Crbp1), chaperones retinyl ester (RE) biosynthesis catalyzed by lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT).	Retinyl ester	73-86	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	118-150
22498138-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Cellular retinol-binding protein, type 1 (Crbp1), chaperones retinyl ester (RE) biosynthesis catalyzed by lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT).	Retinyl ester	73-86	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	152-156
21795711-3	2011	We investigated in vivo whether lipoprotein lipase (LPL) facilitates the placental uptake of dietary retinyl ester incorporated in chylomicrons and their remnants and its transfer to the embryo.	Retinyl ester	101-114	lipoprotein lipase	Mus musculus	52-55
20040693-5	2010	The composition of the residual retinyl ester present in Lrat(-/-) milk was altered from predominantly retinyl palmitate and stearate to retinyl oleate and medium chain retinyl esters.	Retinyl ester	32-45	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	57-61
21446919-2	2011	The isomerohydrolase RPE65, a membrane-associated enzyme, converts atRE (all-trans-retinyl ester) to 11-cis-retinol, a key step in the visual cycle.	Retinyl ester	73-96	RPE65, retinoid isomerohydrolase	Gallus gallus	21-26
21454509-7	2011	Thus, we initially investigated the production of these lipid droplets in experimental cell lines expressing lecithin:retinol acyltransferase, a key enzyme involved in formation of retinyl ester-containing retinosomes from all-trans-retinol.	Retinyl ester	181-194	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Bos taurus	109-141
21382444-1	2011	BACKGROUND: Cellular retinol binding-protein I (CRBPI) and cellular retinol binding-protein II (CRBPII) serve as intracellular retinoid chaperones that bind retinol and retinal with high affinity and facilitate substrate delivery to select enzymes that catalyze retinoic acid (RA) and retinyl ester biosynthesis.	Retinyl ester	285-298	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	12-46
21382444-1	2011	BACKGROUND: Cellular retinol binding-protein I (CRBPI) and cellular retinol binding-protein II (CRBPII) serve as intracellular retinoid chaperones that bind retinol and retinal with high affinity and facilitate substrate delivery to select enzymes that catalyze retinoic acid (RA) and retinyl ester biosynthesis.	Retinyl ester	285-298	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	48-53
21382444-1	2011	BACKGROUND: Cellular retinol binding-protein I (CRBPI) and cellular retinol binding-protein II (CRBPII) serve as intracellular retinoid chaperones that bind retinol and retinal with high affinity and facilitate substrate delivery to select enzymes that catalyze retinoic acid (RA) and retinyl ester biosynthesis.	Retinyl ester	285-298	retinol binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	59-94
21382444-1	2011	BACKGROUND: Cellular retinol binding-protein I (CRBPI) and cellular retinol binding-protein II (CRBPII) serve as intracellular retinoid chaperones that bind retinol and retinal with high affinity and facilitate substrate delivery to select enzymes that catalyze retinoic acid (RA) and retinyl ester biosynthesis.	Retinyl ester	285-298	retinol binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	96-102
21285397-8	2011	We also show for the first time that CMOI exerts an additional function on retinoid metabolism by influencing retinyl ester formation via modulation of lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) activity, at least in developing tissues.	Retinyl ester	110-123	beta-carotene oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	37-41
21285397-8	2011	We also show for the first time that CMOI exerts an additional function on retinoid metabolism by influencing retinyl ester formation via modulation of lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) activity, at least in developing tissues.	Retinyl ester	110-123	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	186-190
22073179-11	2011	After administration of IL-1, retinyl ester levels in the liver, as measured by LC/MS/MS, decreased in association with down-regulation of LRAT.	Retinyl ester	30-43	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	139-143
22073179-13	2011	In summary, we identified IL-1 as an injury signal to mobilize retinyl ester in HSCs through down-regulation of LRAT, implying a mechanism governing transition from hepatic injury to wound healing.	Retinyl ester	63-76	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	112-116
20618457-5	2010	RESULTS: Higher expression of CRBP1 LRAT, DGT1/2 and CES1 in NAFLD suggests that mutual conversion between retinyl ester and retinal occurs actively.	Retinyl ester	107-120	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	30-35
20618457-5	2010	RESULTS: Higher expression of CRBP1 LRAT, DGT1/2 and CES1 in NAFLD suggests that mutual conversion between retinyl ester and retinal occurs actively.	Retinyl ester	107-120	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	36-40
20618457-5	2010	RESULTS: Higher expression of CRBP1 LRAT, DGT1/2 and CES1 in NAFLD suggests that mutual conversion between retinyl ester and retinal occurs actively.	Retinyl ester	107-120	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
20628054-2	2010	Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), the main enzyme responsible for retinyl ester formation, catalyzes the transfer of an acyl group from the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to retinol.	Retinyl ester	73-86	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	0-32
20628054-2	2010	Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), the main enzyme responsible for retinyl ester formation, catalyzes the transfer of an acyl group from the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to retinol.	Retinyl ester	73-86	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	34-38
20040693-12	2010	Our data show that compensatory pathways for the delivery of retinoids ensure their optimal delivery and that LRAT is the most important enzyme for milk retinyl ester formation.	Retinyl ester	153-166	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	110-114
19071229-7	2009	Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), an enzyme responsible for all retinyl ester synthesis within the liver, is required for HSC lipid droplet formation, since Lrat-deficient mice completely lack HSC lipid droplets.	Retinyl ester	71-84	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	0-32
19071229-7	2009	Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), an enzyme responsible for all retinyl ester synthesis within the liver, is required for HSC lipid droplet formation, since Lrat-deficient mice completely lack HSC lipid droplets.	Retinyl ester	71-84	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	34-38
19049981-1	2009	RPE65 is a membrane-associated protein abundantly expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium, which converts all-trans-retinyl ester to 11-cis-retinol, a key step in the retinoid visual cycle.	Retinyl ester	110-133	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	0-5
19147806-5	2009	Stably transfected Caco-2 BBe cells overexpressing HNF-4alpha significantly increased endogenous CRBPII gene expression and retinyl ester synthesis.	Retinyl ester	124-137	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	51-61
18348983-3	2008	Recent studies of lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT)-deficient mice indicate that LRAT is responsible for the preponderance of retinyl ester synthesis in the body, aside from in the intestine and adipose tissue.	Retinyl ester	132-145	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	18-50
18840764-2	2008	In the cytosol, CRBP-III binds retinol, the precursor of retinyl ester and the active metabolite retinoic acid.	Retinyl ester	57-70	retinol binding protein 7, cellular	Mus musculus	16-24
18606814-0	2008	Retinyl ester homeostasis in the adipose differentiation-related protein-deficient retina.	Retinyl ester	0-13	perilipin 2	Mus musculus	33-72
18606814-6	2008	Retinyl ester accumulation was also reduced in Adfp(Delta2-3/Delta2-3) as compared with Adfp+/+ mice.	Retinyl ester	0-13	perilipin 2	Mus musculus	47-51
18606814-6	2008	Retinyl ester accumulation was also reduced in Adfp(Delta2-3/Delta2-3) as compared with Adfp+/+ mice.	Retinyl ester	0-13	delta like canonical Notch ligand 3	Mus musculus	52-69
18606814-6	2008	Retinyl ester accumulation was also reduced in Adfp(Delta2-3/Delta2-3) as compared with Adfp+/+ mice.	Retinyl ester	0-13	perilipin 2	Mus musculus	88-92
18348983-5	2008	The contribution that DGAT1 makes to intestinal retinyl ester synthesis becomes greater when a large pharmacologic dose of retinol is administered by gavage to mice.	Retinyl ester	48-61	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	22-27
18348983-8	2008	Our data also establish that cellular retinol-binding protein, type II (CRBPII), which is expressed solely in the adult intestine, in vivo channels retinol to LRAT for retinyl ester synthesis.	Retinyl ester	168-181	retinol binding protein 2, cellular	Mus musculus	29-70
18348983-8	2008	Our data also establish that cellular retinol-binding protein, type II (CRBPII), which is expressed solely in the adult intestine, in vivo channels retinol to LRAT for retinyl ester synthesis.	Retinyl ester	168-181	retinol binding protein 2, cellular	Mus musculus	72-78
18093970-3	2008	We investigated the role of retinyl ester formation catalyzed by lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) in regulating retinoid homeostasis during embryogenesis.	Retinyl ester	28-41	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	65-97
18093970-3	2008	We investigated the role of retinyl ester formation catalyzed by lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) in regulating retinoid homeostasis during embryogenesis.	Retinyl ester	28-41	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	99-103
17525222-7	2007	Expression of TIP47 in ARPE-19 cells was knocked down by RNA interference (RNAi), and its effect on retinyl ester storage was measured by HPLC.	Retinyl ester	100-113	perilipin 3	Homo sapiens	14-19
17123547-4	2007	The natural substrate for RPE65 has been shown to be a retinyl ester and, by utilizing the Autodock and the Ligplot programs, the interactions between the ester and the protein as well as the effects of several mutations on these interactions are studied.	Retinyl ester	55-68	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	26-31
17114808-2	2007	Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), the main enzyme responsible for retinyl ester formation, acts by transferring an acyl group from the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to retinol.	Retinyl ester	73-86	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	0-32
17114808-2	2007	Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), the main enzyme responsible for retinyl ester formation, acts by transferring an acyl group from the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to retinol.	Retinyl ester	73-86	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	34-38
17098734-4	2007	Blocking retinyl ester formation by a targeted knock down of Lratb results in significantly increased retinoic acid levels, which lead to severe embryonic patterning defects.	Retinyl ester	9-22	lecithin retinol acyltransferase b, tandem duplicate 1	Danio rerio	61-66
17098734-5	2007	Thus, we provide evidence that a balanced competition between Lratb and Raldh2 for yolk vitamin A defines embryonic compartments either for retinyl ester or retinoic acid synthesis.	Retinyl ester	140-153	lecithin retinol acyltransferase b, tandem duplicate 1	Danio rerio	62-67
17098734-5	2007	Thus, we provide evidence that a balanced competition between Lratb and Raldh2 for yolk vitamin A defines embryonic compartments either for retinyl ester or retinoic acid synthesis.	Retinyl ester	140-153	aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2	Danio rerio	72-78
17012256-1	2006	RPE65 is the retinal isomerase essential for conversion of all-trans-retinyl ester to 11-cis-retinol in the visual cycle.	Retinyl ester	59-82	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	0-5
15109394-11	2004	Delivery of rAAV.RPE65 also resulted in a decrease in retinyl ester lipid droplets and an increase in short wavelength cone opsin-positive cells, suggesting that the recovery of RPE65 expression has long-term benefits for retinal health.	Retinyl ester	54-67	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	17-22
16054134-11	2006	LRAT and ARAT are both potently inhibited by the retinyl-ester analog, all-trans-retinylbromoacetate, but only ARAT is inhibited by progesterone.	Retinyl ester	49-62	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Bos taurus	0-4
16054134-11	2006	LRAT and ARAT are both potently inhibited by the retinyl-ester analog, all-trans-retinylbromoacetate, but only ARAT is inhibited by progesterone.	Retinyl ester	49-62	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2	Bos taurus	9-13
16251603-5	2005	A major effect of megalin deficiency, however, was evident in retinyl ester levels in the liver (P < 0.05), which were approximately 37% lower than those in megalin(lox/lox) controls (P < 0.05, Student"s t test) during the 84-d period of dietary VA deprivation.	Retinyl ester	62-75	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2	Mus musculus	18-25
16214399-7	2005	Using this inhibitor, we estimate that approximately 64% of total retinyl ester formation occurs via DGAT1/ARAT.	Retinyl ester	66-79	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	101-106
16214399-7	2005	Using this inhibitor, we estimate that approximately 64% of total retinyl ester formation occurs via DGAT1/ARAT.	Retinyl ester	66-79	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
16214399-8	2005	These studies suggest that DGAT1/ARAT is the major enzyme involved in retinyl ester synthesis in Caco-2 cells.	Retinyl ester	70-83	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
16214399-8	2005	These studies suggest that DGAT1/ARAT is the major enzyme involved in retinyl ester synthesis in Caco-2 cells.	Retinyl ester	70-83	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
16109390-5	2005	Mice absent in the three proteins CRBP I, CRABP I, and CRABP II (CI/CAI/CAII-/-) displayed significantly lower hepatic retinyl ester, retinol, and all-trans-retinoic acid levels compared to wildtype mice, whereas the liver concentrations of 9-cis-4-oxo-13,14-dihydro-retinoic acid was considerably higher.	Retinyl ester	119-132	retinol binding protein 1, cellular	Mus musculus	34-40
16109390-5	2005	Mice absent in the three proteins CRBP I, CRABP I, and CRABP II (CI/CAI/CAII-/-) displayed significantly lower hepatic retinyl ester, retinol, and all-trans-retinoic acid levels compared to wildtype mice, whereas the liver concentrations of 9-cis-4-oxo-13,14-dihydro-retinoic acid was considerably higher.	Retinyl ester	119-132	cellular retinoic acid binding protein I	Mus musculus	42-49
16109390-5	2005	Mice absent in the three proteins CRBP I, CRABP I, and CRABP II (CI/CAI/CAII-/-) displayed significantly lower hepatic retinyl ester, retinol, and all-trans-retinoic acid levels compared to wildtype mice, whereas the liver concentrations of 9-cis-4-oxo-13,14-dihydro-retinoic acid was considerably higher.	Retinyl ester	119-132	cellular retinoic acid binding protein II	Mus musculus	55-63
16026160-6	2005	Thus, the results imply that as a chaperone each RPE65 molecule can deliver retinyl ester to the isomerohydrolase at a rate of 10 molecules/min; should RPE65 itself be identified as the isomerase, each copy must be able to produce at least 10 molecules of 11-cis-retinal per minute.	Retinyl ester	76-89	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	49-54
14736708-6	2004	Indeed, retinyl ester concentrations in the circulations of pregnant RBP-/- mice are significantly elevated over those observed in wild-type mice, suggesting that lipoprotein retinyl esters may compensate for the absence of retinol-RBP during pregnancy.	Retinyl ester	8-21	retinol binding protein 4, plasma	Mus musculus	69-72
16262246-0	2005	Specificity of binding of all-trans-retinyl ester to RPE65.	Retinyl ester	26-49	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	53-58
16116091-4	2005	Here we show that recombinant RPE65, when expressed in QBI-293A and COS-1 cells, has robust enzymatic activity of the previous unidentified isomerohydrolase, an enzyme converting all-trans retinyl ester to 11-cis retinol in the visual cycle.	Retinyl ester	189-202	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	30-35
15870066-4	2005	Milk obtained from CRBP-III(-/-) dams contains significantly less retinyl ester, especially retinyl palmitate, than milk obtained from wild type dams.	Retinyl ester	66-79	retinol binding protein 7, cellular	Mus musculus	19-27
15870066-5	2005	We demonstrated that retinol bound to CRBP-III is an excellent substrate for lecithin-retinol acyltransferase, the enzyme responsible for catalyzing retinyl ester formation from retinol.	Retinyl ester	149-162	retinol binding protein 7, cellular	Mus musculus	38-46
15870066-5	2005	We demonstrated that retinol bound to CRBP-III is an excellent substrate for lecithin-retinol acyltransferase, the enzyme responsible for catalyzing retinyl ester formation from retinol.	Retinyl ester	149-162	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	77-109
15870066-6	2005	Our data indicated that the diminished milk retinyl ester levels arise from impaired utilization of retinol by lecithin-retinol acyltransferase in CRBP-III(-/-) mice.	Retinyl ester	44-57	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	111-143
15870066-6	2005	Our data indicated that the diminished milk retinyl ester levels arise from impaired utilization of retinol by lecithin-retinol acyltransferase in CRBP-III(-/-) mice.	Retinyl ester	44-57	retinol binding protein 7, cellular	Mus musculus	147-155
15765048-14	2005	A naturally arising mouse Rpe65 mutation provides a good model for studying the pathology of human RPE65 mutations and the effects of retinyl ester accumulation.	Retinyl ester	134-147	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	26-31
15193143-4	2004	Importantly, relatively normal liver retinyl ester levels were restored in Crbp1-/-/Adh1-/- mice.	Retinyl ester	37-50	alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (class I)	Mus musculus	84-88
12657577-7	2003	In Rpe65(+/+) mice, the average SA of RPE ((3)H)retinyl ester similarly exhibited an early peak (4.5 hours) and by 48 hours declined to approximately 6% to 10% of the peak.	Retinyl ester	48-61	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	3-8
14745001-6	2004	RESTs accumulate in Rpe65-/- mice incapable of carrying out the enzymatic isomerization, and correspondingly, are absent in the eyes of Lrat-/- mice deficient in retinyl ester synthesis.	Retinyl ester	162-175	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	136-140
14532273-0	2004	Rpe65 is a retinyl ester binding protein that presents insoluble substrate to the isomerase in retinal pigment epithelial cells.	Retinyl ester	11-24	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	0-5
14529294-9	2003	Previous studies have also shown that RPE65 is specifically labeled with all-trans-retinyl ester based affinity labeling agents, suggesting a retinyl ester binding role for the protein.	Retinyl ester	73-96	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	38-43
14529294-9	2003	Previous studies have also shown that RPE65 is specifically labeled with all-trans-retinyl ester based affinity labeling agents, suggesting a retinyl ester binding role for the protein.	Retinyl ester	83-96	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	38-43
12755610-1	2003	Lecithin retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) catalyzes the esterification of all-trans-retinol into all-trans-retinyl ester, an essential reaction in the vertebrate visual cycle.	Retinyl ester	95-118	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	0-32
12755610-1	2003	Lecithin retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) catalyzes the esterification of all-trans-retinol into all-trans-retinyl ester, an essential reaction in the vertebrate visual cycle.	Retinyl ester	95-118	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	34-38
12741839-6	2003	The retinyl ester or all-trans-retinol pools are radioactively labeled separately in the presence of inhibitors of LRAT and REH, effectively preventing their interconversion.	Retinyl ester	4-17	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	115-119
12741839-6	2003	The retinyl ester or all-trans-retinol pools are radioactively labeled separately in the presence of inhibitors of LRAT and REH, effectively preventing their interconversion.	Retinyl ester	4-17	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	124-127
12657577-16	2003	In 3-month Rpe65(+/+) mice, the observed relationship between the SAs of retinaldehydes in the retina and of RPE retinyl ester is consistent with a last-in/first-out processing of all-trans retinol to 11-cis retinal within normally functioning RPE.	Retinyl ester	113-126	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	11-16
10919981-2	2000	Before this time, the rat lung contains a relatively large supply of endogenous retinyl ester that, together with its metabolite retinoic acid, has been shown to increase elastin gene expression and the number of alveoli.	Retinyl ester	80-93	elastin	Rattus norvegicus	171-178
12201819-1	2002	Retinyl ester, the most abundant form of vitamin A (retinol), is synthesized by the enzyme lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT).	Retinyl ester	0-13	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	91-123
12201819-1	2002	Retinyl ester, the most abundant form of vitamin A (retinol), is synthesized by the enzyme lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT).	Retinyl ester	0-13	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	125-129
11162450-1	2000	Retinyl ester concentration is regulated by retinoic acid (RA) through an autoregulatory loop, which acts on lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT).	Retinyl ester	0-13	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	109-141
11162450-1	2000	Retinyl ester concentration is regulated by retinoic acid (RA) through an autoregulatory loop, which acts on lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT).	Retinyl ester	0-13	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	143-147
11162450-8	2000	We conclude that retinol esterification is decreased in MCF-7 vs normal mammary cells; that these cancer cells express a shorter (2.7 kb) LRAT transcript, and that retinoid receptors are involved in the regulation of LRAT-mediated retinyl ester synthesis by RA.	Retinyl ester	231-244	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	217-221
11097864-9	2000	A causal relationship is suggested for the increased renal lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) activity and increased renal retinyl ester levels in TCDD-treated rats.	Retinyl ester	128-141	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	59-91
11097864-9	2000	A causal relationship is suggested for the increased renal lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) activity and increased renal retinyl ester levels in TCDD-treated rats.	Retinyl ester	128-141	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
9989277-12	1999	This was accomplished by the storage of retinol, via LRAT activity, as retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	71-84	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	53-57
10946560-3	2000	Mutant mice with an inactivated CRBP gene show decreased liver retinyl ester storage, a shorter elimination half-life of liver retinoids, and predisposition to vitamin A deficiency.	Retinyl ester	63-76	retinol binding protein 1, cellular	Mus musculus	32-36
10484613-8	1999	In the postprandial state the most pronounced differences were found in the very low density lipoprotein 1 (VLDL1) fraction, where the carriers displayed higher responses of apoB-48 area under the curve (AUC), apoB-100 AUC, triglyceride AUC, and retinyl ester AUC than the control subjects.	Retinyl ester	246-259	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	174-181
10484613-11	1999	Thus, in normolipidemic carriers the LPL Asn291Ser gene variant delays postprandial triglyceride, apoB-48, apoB-100, and retinyl ester metabolism in VLDL1 fraction and alters postprandial HDL composition compared to matched non-carriers.	Retinyl ester	121-134	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	37-40
10737902-7	2000	Thus EGFR signaling can alter the intracellular concentration of retinol by suppressing the access to the retinyl ester pool.	Retinyl ester	106-119	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	5-9
10769148-6	2000	Enzyme assays of pancreatic triglyceride lipase (PTL) showed that there was a colipase-stimulated REH activity in rat and mouse (WT and CELKO) pancreas, consistent with hydrolysis of retinyl ester (RE) by PTL.	Retinyl ester	183-196	pancreatic lipase	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
10769148-9	2000	Finally, purified human PTL exhibited similar enzymatic characteristics for triglyceride hydrolysis as well as for retinyl ester hydrolysis, indicating that RE is a substrate for PTL in vivo.	Retinyl ester	115-128	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	24-27
9490062-1	1998	Hepatic retinyl ester hydrolase (REH) activity was isolated from porcine and human liver and characterized, and some of its properties were compared with those of other retinyl-ester-splitting enzymes.	Retinyl ester	169-182	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	8-31
9490062-1	1998	Hepatic retinyl ester hydrolase (REH) activity was isolated from porcine and human liver and characterized, and some of its properties were compared with those of other retinyl-ester-splitting enzymes.	Retinyl ester	169-182	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
8798405-4	1996	Vitamin A fat tolerance tests showed that the area under the curves of the plasma excursions of retinyl ester in the LDLR(-/-), apoE(-/-), and apoE(-/-);LDLR(-/-) mice were 4, 12, and 12 times larger than those in wild-type mice.	Retinyl ester	96-109	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	117-121
9328436-7	1997	First, high Ca2+ induces the synthesis of mCRBPI, which binds ROL released from retinyl ester stores and makes it accessible to the ROL-RA converting enzyme system.	Retinyl ester	80-93	retinol binding protein 1, cellular	Mus musculus	42-48
8798405-4	1996	Vitamin A fat tolerance tests showed that the area under the curves of the plasma excursions of retinyl ester in the LDLR(-/-), apoE(-/-), and apoE(-/-);LDLR(-/-) mice were 4, 12, and 12 times larger than those in wild-type mice.	Retinyl ester	96-109	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	128-132
8798405-4	1996	Vitamin A fat tolerance tests showed that the area under the curves of the plasma excursions of retinyl ester in the LDLR(-/-), apoE(-/-), and apoE(-/-);LDLR(-/-) mice were 4, 12, and 12 times larger than those in wild-type mice.	Retinyl ester	96-109	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	143-147
8798405-4	1996	Vitamin A fat tolerance tests showed that the area under the curves of the plasma excursions of retinyl ester in the LDLR(-/-), apoE(-/-), and apoE(-/-);LDLR(-/-) mice were 4, 12, and 12 times larger than those in wild-type mice.	Retinyl ester	96-109	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	153-157
8798405-5	1996	The retinyl ester accumulated in the plasma of the LDLR(-/-) mice was distributed in larger subfractions of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, chylomicrons through very low density lipoprotein-C.	Retinyl ester	4-17	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	51-55
8798405-6	1996	These results indicate that the LDLR constitutes the major pathway for the clearance of retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	88-101	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	32-36
8798405-8	1996	The observation that the apoE(-/-) mice showed larger retinyl ester excursion than LDLR(-/-) mice indicates that an apoE-dependent non-LDLR pathway is involved in the rest of the clearance of the retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	54-67	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	25-29
8798405-8	1996	The observation that the apoE(-/-) mice showed larger retinyl ester excursion than LDLR(-/-) mice indicates that an apoE-dependent non-LDLR pathway is involved in the rest of the clearance of the retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	54-67	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	116-120
8798405-8	1996	The observation that the apoE(-/-) mice showed larger retinyl ester excursion than LDLR(-/-) mice indicates that an apoE-dependent non-LDLR pathway is involved in the rest of the clearance of the retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	196-209	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	25-29
8798405-8	1996	The observation that the apoE(-/-) mice showed larger retinyl ester excursion than LDLR(-/-) mice indicates that an apoE-dependent non-LDLR pathway is involved in the rest of the clearance of the retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	196-209	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	116-120
8906628-7	1996	Thus, the retinyl ester storage in the lung seems to depend on the presence of LRAT activity in the lung, but it is independent of the presence of ARAT activity in the lung.	Retinyl ester	10-23	lecithin retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine--retinol O-acyltransferase)	Gallus gallus	79-83
21781696-4	1996	Although the relevance of decreased ARAT activity under physiological conditions is not clear, the changed LRAT activities most likely contributes significantly to the TCDD-induced effects on tissue retinyl ester levels.	Retinyl ester	199-212	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	107-111
8641198-15	1996	Thus, we conclude that 1) the major nonpolar fluorescent substance accumulated in the rat adrenal with age is retinyl stearate, which may be a fluorophore of adrenal lipofuscin; 2) ACTH action may be related to this accumulation; and 3) the type of retinyl ester accumulated in aged animals is organ specific.	Retinyl ester	249-262	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	181-185
8841765-3	1996	The retinol-binding proteins CRBP I and CRBP II appear to play an essential role in retinyl ester hydrolysis and formation and in retinoic acid formation.	Retinyl ester	84-97	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	29-35
8841765-3	1996	The retinol-binding proteins CRBP I and CRBP II appear to play an essential role in retinyl ester hydrolysis and formation and in retinoic acid formation.	Retinyl ester	84-97	retinol binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	40-47
7864119-5	1995	Retinyl ester secretion was directly correlated with retinyl ester synthesis in control and CRBP II-transfected cell lines.	Retinyl ester	0-13	retinol binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	92-99
7864119-5	1995	Retinyl ester secretion was directly correlated with retinyl ester synthesis in control and CRBP II-transfected cell lines.	Retinyl ester	53-66	retinol binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	92-99
7864119-7	1995	Expression of CRBP and CRBP II also affected the polarity of retinyl ester secretion by increasing the proportion secreted basolaterally.	Retinyl ester	61-74	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
7864119-7	1995	Expression of CRBP and CRBP II also affected the polarity of retinyl ester secretion by increasing the proportion secreted basolaterally.	Retinyl ester	61-74	retinol binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	23-30
7864119-8	1995	Thus these studies provide evidence that intestinal retinol uptake, retinyl ester synthesis, and retinyl ester secretion are correlated with levels of CRBP and CRBP II and that the effects of CRBP on retinyl ester secretion can be distinguished from those of CRBP II.	Retinyl ester	97-110	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
7864119-8	1995	Thus these studies provide evidence that intestinal retinol uptake, retinyl ester synthesis, and retinyl ester secretion are correlated with levels of CRBP and CRBP II and that the effects of CRBP on retinyl ester secretion can be distinguished from those of CRBP II.	Retinyl ester	97-110	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
8228637-6	1993	In conjunction with LRAT activity and CRBP, we found endogenous retinyl ester stores in the intestinal muscle layer.	Retinyl ester	64-77	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	20-24
7821170-9	1994	In addition, following IPII, the retinyl ester:apoB ratio was lower in Sf > 100 (P = 0.0002) and marginally lower (P = 0.06) in Sf 20-100.	Retinyl ester	33-46	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	47-51
8206972-5	1994	Addition of LPL (10 micrograms/ml) to BFC-1 beta adipocytes produced a 2-fold increase in cellular uptake of [3H]retinoid from a lipid emulsion containing [3H]retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	159-172	lipoprotein lipase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	12-15
8206972-8	1994	The conversion of retinyl ester to retinol by LPL was then assessed using model retinyl ester containing lipid emulsions.	Retinyl ester	18-31	lipoprotein lipase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	46-49
8206972-8	1994	The conversion of retinyl ester to retinol by LPL was then assessed using model retinyl ester containing lipid emulsions.	Retinyl ester	80-93	lipoprotein lipase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	46-49
8206972-9	1994	Although triglyceride appears to be the preferred substrate for LPL, after greater than 25% of the triglyceride was hydrolyzed, significant amounts of retinyl ester were hydrolyzed by LPL.	Retinyl ester	151-164	lipoprotein lipase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	64-67
8206972-9	1994	Although triglyceride appears to be the preferred substrate for LPL, after greater than 25% of the triglyceride was hydrolyzed, significant amounts of retinyl ester were hydrolyzed by LPL.	Retinyl ester	151-164	lipoprotein lipase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	184-187
8206972-10	1994	Retinyl ester hydrolysis was increased approximately 20-fold in the presence of a source of apolipoprotein C-II.	Retinyl ester	0-13	apolipoprotein C-II	Oryctolagus cuniculus	92-111
8206972-12	1994	When LPL was incubated with [3H]retinyl ester containing rabbit mesenteric chylomicrons and in the presence of heparin and apolipoprotein C-II, the LPL was able to completely hydrolyze the retinyl ester to retinol.	Retinyl ester	32-45	lipoprotein lipase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	5-8
8206972-12	1994	When LPL was incubated with [3H]retinyl ester containing rabbit mesenteric chylomicrons and in the presence of heparin and apolipoprotein C-II, the LPL was able to completely hydrolyze the retinyl ester to retinol.	Retinyl ester	32-45	lipoprotein lipase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	148-151
8206972-0	1994	Lipoprotein lipase hydrolysis of retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	33-46	lipoprotein lipase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-18
8228637-8	1993	We also observed a bile salt-independent retinyl ester hydrolase activity in intestinal muscle whose distribution paralleled the retinyl ester stores and LRAT levels.	Retinyl ester	41-54	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	154-158
8228637-9	1993	This hydrolase appears to be distinct from retinyl ester hydrolases described from other organs as its activity was insensitive to retinyl ester chain length, the presence of bile salts, or the addition of apo-CRBP.	Retinyl ester	43-56	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
8228637-6	1993	In conjunction with LRAT activity and CRBP, we found endogenous retinyl ester stores in the intestinal muscle layer.	Retinyl ester	64-77	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
8228637-7	1993	The patterns of retinyl ester produced by LRAT in vitro and found in vivo were similar, with retinyl palmitate predominating and a high percentage comprised of retinyl stearate.	Retinyl ester	16-29	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	42-46
1939249-6	1991	The hydrolase responding was the cholate-independent/cholate-inhibited retinyl ester hydrolase as shown by: 60% inhibition of the apoCRBP effect by 3 mM cholate; apoCRBP enhancement of retinyl ester hydrolysis in liver microsomes that had no detectable cholate-enhanced activity; inhibition of cholate-dependent, but not apoCRBP-stimulated retinyl ester hydrolysis by rabbit anti-rat cholesteryl esterase.	Retinyl ester	71-84	lipase A, lysosomal acid type	Rattus norvegicus	384-404
8463337-5	1993	Retinol uptake and retinyl ester synthesis were increased up to 2-fold by coexpression of CRBP or over-expression of CRBP II.	Retinyl ester	19-32	retinol binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
8463337-5	1993	Retinol uptake and retinyl ester synthesis were increased up to 2-fold by coexpression of CRBP or over-expression of CRBP II.	Retinyl ester	19-32	retinol binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	117-124
1492129-8	1992	First, all-trans-retinol (vitamin A) is esterified in the retinal pigment epithelium by lecithin retinol acyl transferase to produce an all-trans-retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	136-159	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	88-121
1939249-6	1991	The hydrolase responding was the cholate-independent/cholate-inhibited retinyl ester hydrolase as shown by: 60% inhibition of the apoCRBP effect by 3 mM cholate; apoCRBP enhancement of retinyl ester hydrolysis in liver microsomes that had no detectable cholate-enhanced activity; inhibition of cholate-dependent, but not apoCRBP-stimulated retinyl ester hydrolysis by rabbit anti-rat cholesteryl esterase.	Retinyl ester	185-198	lipase A, lysosomal acid type	Rattus norvegicus	384-404
1988047-7	1991	First, all-trans-retinol is esterified in the retinal pigment epithelium by lecithin retinol acyl transferase (LRAT) to produce an all-trans-retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	131-154	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	76-109
1988047-7	1991	First, all-trans-retinol is esterified in the retinal pigment epithelium by lecithin retinol acyl transferase (LRAT) to produce an all-trans-retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	131-154	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	111-115
2205703-0	1990	Uptake of chylomicron remnant retinyl ester via the low density lipoprotein receptor: implications for the role of vitamin A as a possible preventive for some forms of cancer.	Retinyl ester	30-43	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	52-84
2253789-5	1990	The fat-storing cells were found to contain the highest level of LRAT specific activity (383 +/- 54 pmol retinyl ester formed min-1.mg-1 versus 163 +/- 22 pmol retinyl ester formed min-1.mg-1 for whole liver microsomes).	Retinyl ester	105-118	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	65-69
2253789-5	1990	The fat-storing cells were found to contain the highest level of LRAT specific activity (383 +/- 54 pmol retinyl ester formed min-1.mg-1 versus 163 +/- 22 pmol retinyl ester formed min-1.mg-1 for whole liver microsomes).	Retinyl ester	160-173	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	65-69
2253789-6	1990	The level of LRAT specific activity in parenchymal cell microsomes (158 +/- 53 pmol retinyl ester formed min-1.mg-1) was very similar to LRAT levels in whole liver microsomes.	Retinyl ester	84-97	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
2101834-2	1990	When the soluble proteins were incubated with mouse liver microsomes containing (14C)palmitic acid or (3H)retinoids, it was observed that fatty acid binding protein removed selectively the fatty acid and retinyl ester, whereas the retinol was mainly removed by cellular retinol binding protein.	Retinyl ester	204-217	glutamatic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	138-164
34607013-2	2022	At the heart of this metabolic pathway is an enzyme known as retinal pigment epithelium 65 kDa protein (RPE65), which catalyzes an unusual, possibly biochemically unique, reaction consisting of a coupled all-trans-retinyl ester hydrolysis and alkene geometric isomerization to produce 11-cis-retinol.	Retinyl ester	204-227	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	104-109
2509230-6	1989	With higher concentration of IRBP (20-30 microM), both the amount of [3H]retinyl ester formed (relative to the peak value at 10 microM IRBP) and the overall molar content of endogenous retinyl ester were reduced.	Retinyl ester	73-86	retinol binding protein 3	Bos taurus	29-33
2509230-7	1989	On the other hand, bovine serum albumin at relatively high concentration (90 microM) was less effective than 3 microM IRBP in supporting the formation of [3H]retinyl ester, and it did not reduce the level of native retinyl ester in the RPE.	Retinyl ester	158-171	albumin	Bos taurus	26-39
2509230-7	1989	On the other hand, bovine serum albumin at relatively high concentration (90 microM) was less effective than 3 microM IRBP in supporting the formation of [3H]retinyl ester, and it did not reduce the level of native retinyl ester in the RPE.	Retinyl ester	158-171	retinol binding protein 3	Bos taurus	118-122
2920014-0	1989	Uptake of retinyl ester in HL-60 cells via the low-density-lipoprotein-receptor pathway.	Retinyl ester	10-23	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	47-79
2722792-2	1989	Phosphatidylcholine synthesized in situ in this manner is an acyl donor for retinyl ester synthesis, demonstrating the existence of lecithin:retinol acyltransferase.	Retinyl ester	76-89	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	132-164
2920014-11	1989	Furthermore, the presence of excess LDL decreased the uptake by 75-100%, supporting the hypothesis that the uptake of retinyl ester occurred via the LDL receptor in HL-60 cells.	Retinyl ester	118-131	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	149-161
3368453-8	1988	These findings indicate that following uptake of chylomicron remnant retinyl ester in parenchymal cells, the retinyl ester is hydrolyzed, and retinol secreted from parenchymal cells on RBP is taken up by stellate cells by means of RBP receptors.	Retinyl ester	69-82	retinol binding protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	185-188
3198596-7	1988	The addition of progesterone, a known inhibitor of the acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase reaction, consistently increased the rate of retinyl ester formation when [3H]retinol was delivered bound to CRBP.	Retinyl ester	133-146	retinol binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	197-201
3198596-8	1988	These experiments indicate that retinol presented to liver microsomal membranes by CRBP can be converted to retinyl ester and that this process, in contrast to the esterification of dispersed retinol, is independent of the addition of an activated fatty acid and produces a pattern of retinyl ester species similar to that observed in intact liver.	Retinyl ester	108-121	retinol binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-87
3368453-8	1988	These findings indicate that following uptake of chylomicron remnant retinyl ester in parenchymal cells, the retinyl ester is hydrolyzed, and retinol secreted from parenchymal cells on RBP is taken up by stellate cells by means of RBP receptors.	Retinyl ester	69-82	retinol binding protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	231-234
3368453-8	1988	These findings indicate that following uptake of chylomicron remnant retinyl ester in parenchymal cells, the retinyl ester is hydrolyzed, and retinol secreted from parenchymal cells on RBP is taken up by stellate cells by means of RBP receptors.	Retinyl ester	109-122	retinol binding protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	231-234
3558401-8	1987	Mobilization of retinol stored as a membrane-bound retinyl-ester is mediated by a membrane-associated hydrolase activity selectively controlled by the level of apo-CRBP which acts as a carrier for the released retinol.	Retinyl ester	51-64	retinol binding protein 1	Bos taurus	164-168
3558401-1	1987	Retinol transfer from plasma retinol-binding protein to cytoplasmic retinol-binding protein with retinyl-ester formation as the intermediate step.	Retinyl ester	97-110	retinol binding protein 4	Bos taurus	29-52
3558401-10	1987	The overall process, in which retinol never needs to leave its binding proteins, allows the accumulation of vitamin A in the form of a membrane-bound retinyl-ester and its regulated mobilization as a retinol-CRBP complex.	Retinyl ester	150-163	retinol binding protein 1	Bos taurus	208-212
3558401-1	1987	Retinol transfer from plasma retinol-binding protein to cytoplasmic retinol-binding protein with retinyl-ester formation as the intermediate step.	Retinyl ester	97-110	retinol binding protein 1	Bos taurus	56-91
7388798-4	1980	5,6-Epoxyretinoic acid, 5,6-dihydroretinoic acid, and retinoic acid were equally effective in inhibiting the induction of ODC activity by TPA.	Retinyl ester	24-48	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	122-125
3558401-2	1987	We have investigated the steps by which retinol, released from plasma retinol-binding protein (RBP), enters the cells and is accumulated for the most part as a retinyl-ester, only a small fraction of it being present as a complex with cytoplasmic retinol-binding protein (CRBP).	Retinyl ester	160-173	retinol binding protein 4	Bos taurus	95-98
3013795-7	1986	Production of labelled retinyl ester is competitively inhibited when incubations include an excess of holo-RBP containing non-radioactive retinol.	Retinyl ester	23-36	retinol binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	107-110
6516908-3	1984	At optimal incubation conditions the rate of retinyl ester formation due to ARAT (0.37 +/- 0.31 nmole ester formed X mg microsomal protein-1 X minute-1, mean +/- SD, n = 6) suggests that the enzyme is of physiological importance.	Retinyl ester	45-58	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
6603054-5	1983	The ester formed by the RPE is primarily palmitate, and is therefore identical with the endogenous retinyl ester.	Retinyl ester	99-112	ribulose-5-phosphate-3-epimerase	Homo sapiens	24-27
32361002-0	2020	Lysosomal acid lipase is the major acid retinyl ester hydrolase in cultured human hepatic stellate cells but not essential for retinyl ester degradation.	Retinyl ester	40-53	lipase A, lysosomal acid type	Homo sapiens	0-21
33570783-2	2021	In mice, Rbp1 deficiency decreases the capacity of hepatic stellate cells to take up all-trans retinol and sustain retinyl ester stores.	Retinyl ester	115-128	retinol binding protein 1, cellular	Mus musculus	9-13
30718413-2	2019	Here we show that memory phenotype CD4+ T cells infiltrating the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a widely studied animal model of MS, expressed high levels of mRNA for Dgat1 encoding diacylglycerol-O-acyltransferase-1 (DGAT1), an enzyme that catalyzes triglyceride synthesis and retinyl ester formation.	Retinyl ester	326-339	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	215-220
31023823-0	2019	Hepatocyte-specific deletion of lysosomal acid lipase leads to cholesteryl ester but not triglyceride or retinyl ester accumulation.	Retinyl ester	105-118	lysosomal acid lipase A	Mus musculus	32-53
31023823-1	2019	Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) hydrolyzes cholesteryl ester (CE) and retinyl ester (RE) and triglyceride (TG).	Retinyl ester	66-79	lysosomal acid lipase A	Mus musculus	0-21
31023823-1	2019	Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) hydrolyzes cholesteryl ester (CE) and retinyl ester (RE) and triglyceride (TG).	Retinyl ester	66-79	lysosomal acid lipase A	Mus musculus	23-26
30576225-8	2019	Mice with HSC-specific L-Fabp deletion exhibited retinyl ester depletion yet demonstrated no alterations in fibrosis.	Retinyl ester	49-62	fatty acid binding protein 1, liver	Mus musculus	23-29
30718413-2	2019	Here we show that memory phenotype CD4+ T cells infiltrating the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a widely studied animal model of MS, expressed high levels of mRNA for Dgat1 encoding diacylglycerol-O-acyltransferase-1 (DGAT1), an enzyme that catalyzes triglyceride synthesis and retinyl ester formation.	Retinyl ester	326-339	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	230-264
27815220-3	2017	To investigate the role of lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) and acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) in retinyl ester synthesis and lipid droplet dynamics, we modified LC-MS/MS procedures by including multiple reaction monitoring allowing unambiguous identification and quantification of all major retinyl ester species.	Retinyl ester	124-137	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	114-119
30195474-6	2018	RESULTS: Retinyl-ester concentrations in the liver of cGKI-SM mice were lower compared to wild-type animals, which was associated with disturbed expression of genes involved in retinol metabolism and inflammation.	Retinyl ester	9-22	protein kinase, cGMP-dependent, type I	Mus musculus	54-58
28500718-8	2017	Retinyl ester levels were much higher in Rpe65-/- mice compared to wild type and kept increasing with age.	Retinyl ester	0-13	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	41-46
28500718-9	2017	The results suggest that the RPE65 role in retinyl ester homeostasis extends beyond enabling the formation of 11-cis retinal.	Retinyl ester	43-56	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	29-34
26719343-1	2016	RPE65 is the isomerase catalyzing conversion of all-trans-retinyl ester (atRE) into 11-cis-retinol in the retinal visual cycle.	Retinyl ester	48-71	RPE65, retinoid isomerohydrolase	Gallus gallus	0-5
27354281-0	2016	Lysosomal Acid Lipase Hydrolyzes Retinyl Ester and Affects Retinoid Turnover.	Retinyl ester	33-46	lysosomal acid lipase A	Mus musculus	0-21
26151058-6	2015	For livers of Dgat1-deficient mice, a greater percentage of stored retinyl ester is present in HSCs at the expense of hepatocytes.	Retinyl ester	67-80	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	14-19
26151058-8	2015	These differences are associated with significantly increased expression, by 2.8-fold, of cellular retinol-binding protein, type I (RBP1) in freshly isolated HSCs from Dgat1-deficient mice, raising the possibility that RBP1, which contributes to retinol uptake into cells and retinyl ester synthesis, accounts for the differences.	Retinyl ester	276-289	retinol binding protein 1, cellular	Mus musculus	132-136
26151058-8	2015	These differences are associated with significantly increased expression, by 2.8-fold, of cellular retinol-binding protein, type I (RBP1) in freshly isolated HSCs from Dgat1-deficient mice, raising the possibility that RBP1, which contributes to retinol uptake into cells and retinyl ester synthesis, accounts for the differences.	Retinyl ester	276-289	retinol binding protein 1, cellular	Mus musculus	219-223
26151058-9	2015	We further show that the retinyl ester-containing lipid droplets in HSCs are affected in Dgat1-null mice, being fewer in number but, on average, larger than in wild type (WT) HSCs.	Retinyl ester	25-38	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	89-94
25602705-9	2015	We showed that the absence of BCO1 affects embryonic retinoid and lipid homeostasis in a tissue-specific manner and that retinyl ester formation is also influenced by BCO1 in a few adult tissues (pancreas, lung, heart and adipose) in a sex-dependent manner.	Retinyl ester	121-134	beta-carotene oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	167-171
25538117-5	2015	Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) is the enzyme that traps vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) from the circulation and photoreceptor cells to produce the esterified substrate for retinoid isomerase (RPE65), which converts all-trans-retinyl ester into 11-cis-retinol.	Retinyl ester	223-246	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	0-32
25538117-5	2015	Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) is the enzyme that traps vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) from the circulation and photoreceptor cells to produce the esterified substrate for retinoid isomerase (RPE65), which converts all-trans-retinyl ester into 11-cis-retinol.	Retinyl ester	223-246	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	34-38
25538117-5	2015	Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) is the enzyme that traps vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) from the circulation and photoreceptor cells to produce the esterified substrate for retinoid isomerase (RPE65), which converts all-trans-retinyl ester into 11-cis-retinol.	Retinyl ester	223-246	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	200-205