PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text compound_name comp_offset prot_official_name organism prot_offset 2500704-2 1989 Intraperitoneal inoculation of 3 x 10(4) units of IFN-gamma induced, within 24 h, the appearance of a CD4-, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+ macrophage subpopulation not present in rats treated with phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 215-240 interferon gamma Rattus norvegicus 50-59 2808315-2 1989 alpha 2PI was eluted from the column under mild conditions with 50% v/v ethyleneglycol containing 0.05% Tween 80 in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 116-141 serpin family F member 2 Homo sapiens 0-9 2500704-2 1989 Intraperitoneal inoculation of 3 x 10(4) units of IFN-gamma induced, within 24 h, the appearance of a CD4-, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+ macrophage subpopulation not present in rats treated with phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 215-240 Cd4 molecule Rattus norvegicus 102-105 2677305-3 1989 When the insulin loaded erythrocytes were incubated in phosphate buffered saline at 37 degrees C, the insulin levels in the resealed cells declined according to a biexponential function. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 55-80 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 9-16 2649501-8 1989 In isolated ghosts, some G3PD was tightly bound to the membrane and was resistant to elution with phosphate-buffered saline and NAD+/arsenate. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 98-123 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 25-29 2677305-3 1989 When the insulin loaded erythrocytes were incubated in phosphate buffered saline at 37 degrees C, the insulin levels in the resealed cells declined according to a biexponential function. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 55-80 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 102-109 2917611-5 1989 Washing the cells with 2 M phosphate-buffered saline removed completely 125I-bFGF bound to low-affinity binding sites but decreased also the high-affinity binding. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 27-52 fibroblast growth factor 2 Homo sapiens 77-81 2658982-5 1989 This assay enables a specific and sensitive measurement of GP BB in the range of 0.5-150 ng/ml phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.5% bovine serum albumin in less than 3 hours. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 95-120 glycogen phosphorylase B Homo sapiens 59-64 2787214-2 1989 hEGF degraded spontaneously and temperature-dependently to several degradation products in phosphate buffered saline or in 0.1 N acetic acid. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 91-116 epidermal growth factor Homo sapiens 0-4 2465698-6 1989 Rapid perfusion (3 ml/min) of the duodenum with phosphate-buffered saline reversed the increase in amylase output and lowered the plasma CCK to 1.2 +/- 0.2. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 48-73 cholecystokinin Rattus norvegicus 137-140 3282492-4 1988 Superoxide dismutase (10 mg) and catalase (10 mg) in 10 mL of phosphate-buffered saline solution were infused into the renal artery during a three-minute interval before reperfusion. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 62-87 catalase Sus scrofa 0-41 3195800-2 1988 To identify the mechanism by which PAF-induced bronchoconstriction occurs in humans, bronchoprovocation testing was performed in 7 subjects (3 normal, 4 with mild asthma) after pretreatment with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), atropine, chlorpheniramine, or indomethacin. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 195-220 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 35-38 3282492-5 1988 The kidneys treated with the superoxide dismutase-catalase solution had significantly improved function compared with controls receiving only phosphate-buffered saline solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 142-167 catalase Sus scrofa 50-58 3446083-1 1987 CEA and NCA, which behave as dimeric molecules in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were submitted to gel filtration on the Superose 12HR column in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.0 or in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 154-179 CEA cell adhesion molecule 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 3791235-1 1987 A linear increase in cell uptake of nitrogen mustard, methyl-bis(beta-chloroethyl)amine (HN2), between 1 and 5 min, was observed after in vitro incubation of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells at 37 degrees C in phosphate-buffered saline containing HN2 followed by washing in 0 degrees C phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 205-230 MT-RNR2 like 2 (pseudogene) Homo sapiens 89-92 3791235-1 1987 A linear increase in cell uptake of nitrogen mustard, methyl-bis(beta-chloroethyl)amine (HN2), between 1 and 5 min, was observed after in vitro incubation of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells at 37 degrees C in phosphate-buffered saline containing HN2 followed by washing in 0 degrees C phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 281-306 MT-RNR2 like 2 (pseudogene) Homo sapiens 89-92 3356043-4 1988 SAMs are generated by subjecting attached cells to a shearing force by rinsing with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 84-109 methionine adenosyltransferase 1A Homo sapiens 0-4 3964300-3 1986 In the case of iron-loaded transferrin, reactions with carbodiimides were in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.5) to prevent loss of iron from the protein. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 77-102 serotransferrin Bos taurus 27-38 3514765-5 1986 This method has also been adapted for the purification of 125I-C5a in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 70-95 complement C5a receptor 1 Homo sapiens 63-66 6358608-5 1983 In control phosphate-buffered saline-injected rats, cortical thymocytes were not affected morphologically and displayed strong ADA staining. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 11-36 adenosine deaminase Rattus norvegicus 127-130 6322749-2 1984 In detergent-free medium (phosphate buffered saline) peroxidation was inhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase, and EDTA; but was promoted by OH. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 26-51 catalase Homo sapiens 105-113 2412728-3 1985 Dilution of most specimens with either phosphate buffer or phosphate-buffered saline or by immunoelectrodiffusion resulted in some loss of AFP. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 59-84 alpha fetoprotein Homo sapiens 139-142 6838587-2 1983 Bacterial agglutination and precipitin reactions revealed the lectin activity in phosphate-buffered saline extracts of seeds of all cultivars tested, including the "lectinless" varieties. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 81-106 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lectin Glycine max 62-68 6601623-2 1983 alpha 1-Antitrypsin acquired by intact parasites could not be removed by repeated washings in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 94-119 serpin family A member 1 Homo sapiens 0-19 6307529-5 1983 Using reticulocytes tagged with 125I-labeled anti-transferrin-receptor antibodies to follow the formation of vesicles, it can be shown that at 0 degree C or in phosphate-buffered saline the rate of vesicle release is less than that at 37 degrees C in culture medium. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 160-185 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serotransferrin Ovis aries 50-61 426034-5 1979 In mast cells exposed 1 to 2 hours to phosphate-buffered saline containing horseradish-peroxidase--coated colloidal gold, the spherules of gold were internalized and transported exclusively to the DAP II-reactive granules. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 38-63 death-associated protein Rattus norvegicus 197-200 7086477-10 1982 76: 1269-1273), about 60% of the cell-bound 125I-NGF was found in the nuclear pellet after cell fractionation if the cells had been kept previously in suspension for 1 d in phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 0.2% glucose, 0.1% bovine serum albumin, and 125I-NGF. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 173-198 nerve growth factor Rattus norvegicus 49-52 6175133-4 1982 The specificity of the C1q deposition in mast cells was confirmed by various tests, viz., the blocking test, prerinsing of tissue sections with bovine serum albumin-containing phosphate-buffered saline, absorption test of conjugates, C1q destruction test with urea or by heating, and the Ouchterlony method. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 176-201 complement C1q A chain Homo sapiens 23-26 6461061-9 1981 Kallikrein, plasmin and elastase were also able to degrade intact amyloid fibrils suspended in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 95-120 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 0-10 6461061-9 1981 Kallikrein, plasmin and elastase were also able to degrade intact amyloid fibrils suspended in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 95-120 plasminogen Homo sapiens 12-32 7440559-2 1980 In ileal epithelial cells isolated through incubation of gut loops in phosphate-buffered saline containing EDTA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase was found to exist prdominantly in an active (dephosphorylated) form. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 70-95 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase Rattus norvegicus 113-160 7440559-6 1980 When cells isolated in phosphate-buffered saline were incubated in bicarbonate-containing buffers, there was a time-dependent decrease in the apparent activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase with little change in the total activity of the enzyme. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 23-48 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase Rattus norvegicus 163-203 498109-2 1979 We extracted miang leaf and betel nut with phosphate-buffered saline (0.14 M NaCl, 0.15 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4) and found that the extracts inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation by phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human lymphocytes and by rat mammary tumor and mouse L-cells in logarithmic growth. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 43-68 NUT midline carcinoma family member 1 Homo sapiens 34-37 391693-3 1979 We found that bovine serum albumin added to phosphate buffered saline (PBS) glucose in which the cells are washed, resuspended and assayed is essential for the maintenance of viability, the prevention of clumping and the retention of the accumulated amino acid. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 44-69 albumin Homo sapiens 21-34 6137318-2 1983 In autologous plasma or 25 mM phosphate-buffered saline pH 7.4, added glucose significantly accelerates methemoglobin reduction in glucose-depleted, nitrite-treated opossum erythrocytes. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 30-55 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 104-117 6895900-2 1982 The present study demonstrates in a clonogenic soft agar that biologically active MIS inhibits the growth of a human ovarian carcinoma cell line (HOC-21) in a dose-dependent manner when compared to phosphate-buffered saline medium controls, heat-inactivated MIS, or biochemical fractions which lack biological activity (P less than 0.05). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 198-223 anti-Mullerian hormone Homo sapiens 82-85 6807052-6 1982 At III was easily dissociated from the thickened TBM after the incubation in warm (37 degrees C) 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline of various pH (pH 4.0, pH 7.2 or pH 10.0) and cold (4 degrees C) or warm (37 degrees C) 0.75 M hydrazine solutions of the same pH, while alpha 1AT was not dissociated from the atrophic nephrons after the incubation in all solutions. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 104-129 serpin family C member 1 Homo sapiens 0-6 6895651-7 1981 MDA-MD-231 and MCF-7 cells which were extensively washed with EDTA, serum-free medium, and phosphate-buffered saline retain this proteinase inhibitor on their cell surfaces. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 91-116 endogenous retrovirus group K member 25 Homo sapiens 129-139 229122-5 1979 Diluents which contained 0.15% (vol/vol) Tween 20 and 2.0% (wt/vol) bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2, were found to be the most effective in inhibiting nonspecific adsorption of immunoreagents. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 92-117 albumin Homo sapiens 75-88 762083-4 1979 Purified human serum albumin was also glucosylated in vitro upon exposure to D-[6-3H]glucose in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 96-121 albumin Homo sapiens 15-28 33581669-3 2021 This study aimed at exploring the role of sodium or other fluorides (NaF), which are intentionally added to flux-cored wire electrodes for stainless steel welding, on the solubility (in phosphate buffered saline) and toxicity of the generated welding fume particles. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 186-211 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 69-72 358751-1 1978 Human pregnancy zone protein (PZP) given intraveneously, significantly (p less than 0.001) prolonged the survival of heterotopic A/J heart transplants in A.CA recipients, compared to untreated control recipients, recipients treated with phosphate buffered saline and recipients treated with a control preparation from male serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 237-262 PZP alpha-2-macroglobulin like Homo sapiens 6-28 358751-1 1978 Human pregnancy zone protein (PZP) given intraveneously, significantly (p less than 0.001) prolonged the survival of heterotopic A/J heart transplants in A.CA recipients, compared to untreated control recipients, recipients treated with phosphate buffered saline and recipients treated with a control preparation from male serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 237-262 PZP alpha-2-macroglobulin like Homo sapiens 30-33 81850-5 1978 A major part of the AFP eluted from the columns with phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 53-78 alpha fetoprotein Bos taurus 20-23 33968206-11 2021 The T-hTERT-treated group exhibited considerably lower cell viability than the control [phosphate-buffered saline (-)] group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 88-113 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 6-11 33860735-4 2022 Our findings suggest that the LPQ sequence of Rab34 is crucial for ciliogenesis in hTERT-RPE1 cells.Abbreviations: AA, amino acid(s); ac-Tub, acetylated tubulin; bsr, blasticidin S-resistant gene; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; hTERT-RPE1, human telomerase reverse transcriptase retinal pigment epithelium 1; KO, knockout; NS, not significant; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; puro, puromycin-resistant gene. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 347-372 RAB34, member RAS oncogene family Homo sapiens 46-51 33677221-6 2021 The basic performance of the aptasensor was tested in phosphate-buffered saline: the linear range was between 10 pg mL-1 and 2.5 ng mL-1, and the detection limit was 10 pg mL-1 (signal/noise = 3). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 54-79 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 116-126 33370550-8 2021 The percentages of CD3+/CD4+ T cells and CD3+/CD8+ T lymphocytes in spleens from the mice treated with 300 ng hBD2 were statistically higher than the phosphate buffered saline group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 150-175 defensin beta 4A Homo sapiens 110-114 33677221-6 2021 The basic performance of the aptasensor was tested in phosphate-buffered saline: the linear range was between 10 pg mL-1 and 2.5 ng mL-1, and the detection limit was 10 pg mL-1 (signal/noise = 3). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 54-79 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 116-120 33677221-6 2021 The basic performance of the aptasensor was tested in phosphate-buffered saline: the linear range was between 10 pg mL-1 and 2.5 ng mL-1, and the detection limit was 10 pg mL-1 (signal/noise = 3). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 54-79 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 132-136 33682855-9 2021 The injection of lipopolysaccharides (1 milligram/kilogram body weight) dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline induces a strong and reproducible inflammatory response via the toll-like receptor 4. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 85-110 toll-like receptor 4 Rattus norvegicus 175-195 32966935-7 2021 The biosensors were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to detect the target protein from 1 pg/mL to 1 mug/mL in phosphate buffered saline, diluted and undiluted human serum through charge transfer resistance value. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 136-161 thrombopoietin Mus musculus 118-120 33572333-6 2021 The fluorescence titration of 2b (10 mM) with Cd2+ showed that the limit of detection (LOD) of the Cd2+-selective 2b was 158 nM in PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) (10 mM, pH 7.2) containing 50% MeOH. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 136-161 CD2 molecule Homo sapiens 46-49 33572333-6 2021 The fluorescence titration of 2b (10 mM) with Cd2+ showed that the limit of detection (LOD) of the Cd2+-selective 2b was 158 nM in PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) (10 mM, pH 7.2) containing 50% MeOH. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 136-161 CD2 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 32966935-7 2021 The biosensors were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to detect the target protein from 1 pg/mL to 1 mug/mL in phosphate buffered saline, diluted and undiluted human serum through charge transfer resistance value. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 136-161 thrombopoietin Mus musculus 130-132 33175556-4 2020 In vitro release experiments proved that PMSN@OVA-MPN could intelligently release OVA in the presence of reductive glutathione, but not in neutral phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 147-172 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 46-49 33317684-11 2021 Immunohistochemistry revealed significantly higher Foxp3 expression in gravid uteri from mice injected with np-Tregs and P4-induced iTregs than in the phosphate-buffered saline-treated group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 151-176 forkhead box P3 Mus musculus 51-56 33337356-9 2021 Non-adherent platelets were less activated after contact with ethanol-treated particles of all types compared to those rewetted with phosphate buffered saline as assessed by a reduced number of CD62P-positive platelets and reduced amounts of secreted P-Selectin (P < 0.05 each). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 133-158 selectin P Homo sapiens 194-199 33010000-7 2021 The results of quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting revealed that NAT12, NAT10, and the ETV4/JUN/CCND2 signaling axis were elevated significantly in the mAF-MSC-transplantation group, compared with those in the phosphate-buffered saline-treated groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 222-247 avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog Mus musculus 164-167 32479341-4 2020 The electrical resistance of the sensor varied linearly (R2 = 0.986) with respect to concentrations of the target miRNA-21 in the range from 10 pM to 100 nM in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); the limit of detection was 14.6 pM. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 160-185 microRNA 21 Homo sapiens 114-122 32822729-6 2020 In f-EIS mode, the sensor reveals a logarithmic detection of PSA in a range of 100 ng/ml down to 0.01 ng/ml in Phosphate Buffered Saline with a recorded sensitivity of 2.412 kOmega/log10 ([PSA] ng/ml) and the limit of detection (LOD) down to 0.01 ng/ml. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 111-136 kallikrein related peptidase 3 Homo sapiens 61-64 33023140-4 2020 For the glucose detection, a solution containing glucose oxidase (GOx), potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]), and increasing concentrations of glucose (0-20 mM) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was spotted onto the two platforms. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 164-189 hydroxyacid oxidase 1 Homo sapiens 66-69 32962260-4 2020 Furthermore, the release kinetics of GLP-1 agonist drug from alginate-coated ZIF-8 were investigated in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 C at pH 8 and 1.5. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 104-129 glucagon Homo sapiens 37-42 33277869-9 2020 Rescue experimental results manifested that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) supplementation remarkably elevated the expressions of PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) supplementation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 173-198 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 44-72 32445714-6 2020 Immunohistochemical staining revealed decreased expression of EAAT1 in the phosphate-buffered saline group as opposed to normal levels in the B10 transplantation group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 75-100 solute carrier family 1 member 3 Rattus norvegicus 62-67 33277869-9 2020 Rescue experimental results manifested that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) supplementation remarkably elevated the expressions of PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) supplementation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 173-198 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 74-79 32586038-7 2020 The ABP dendrimer was administered in phosphate-buffered saline solution via either systemic injection or topical application. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 38-63 amine oxidase, copper-containing 1 Mus musculus 4-7 32751701-6 2020 In the macroscopic evaluation, the SDF-1 group showed an increase in the size of the reparative meniscus at six weeks after meniscectomy compared to the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection (no-treatment) group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 153-178 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 Rattus norvegicus 35-40 32527549-5 2020 111In-DOTA-F56 shows good stability in 0.01 M Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) and 5% Human Serum Albumin (HSA). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 46-71 DLEC1 cilia and flagella associated protein Homo sapiens 11-14 32599804-4 2020 The limit of detection (LOD) was achieved in a range of 100 ng mL-1 and 1 fg mL-1 in both phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and human serum (hs). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 90-115 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 63-73 32599804-4 2020 The limit of detection (LOD) was achieved in a range of 100 ng mL-1 and 1 fg mL-1 in both phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and human serum (hs). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 90-115 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 63-67 32580680-8 2020 After treatment, the spleen CD3+CD4-CD8- T and CD19+ B cells of two-dose mesenchymal stem cell-treated mice were significantly lower than those of the phosphate-buffered saline control. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 151-176 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 28-31 32580680-8 2020 After treatment, the spleen CD3+CD4-CD8- T and CD19+ B cells of two-dose mesenchymal stem cell-treated mice were significantly lower than those of the phosphate-buffered saline control. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 151-176 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 32-35 32549415-4 2020 The bio-functionalized HOD-LPG was capable of detecting PSA in phosphate buffered saline with concentrations ranging from 5 to 500 ng/ml and exhibited excellent specificity. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 63-88 kallikrein related peptidase 3 Homo sapiens 56-59 32141159-0 2020 Immersion of Achilles tendon in phosphate-buffered saline influences T1 and T2 * relaxation times: An ex vivo study. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 32-57 interleukin 1 receptor like 1 Homo sapiens 69-78 32340401-10 2020 On the other hand, when cells suspended in Dulbecco"s phosphate-buffered saline solution were circulated with the l-MRP (gap = 50 mum) and the PP, we confirmed a difference in cell survival rate, and less damage caused by the former. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 54-79 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1 Homo sapiens 116-119 32293168-7 2020 Our FET device could detect the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at concentrations of 1 fg/mL in phosphate-buffered saline and 100 fg/mL clinical transport medium. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 89-114 surface glycoprotein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 43-48 32384892-8 2020 In vitro, CS extract prepared by bubbling CS through phosphate-buffered saline decreased the LDLR expression in HepG2 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, and this effect was prevented by pretreatment with 100 muM melatonin. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 53-78 low density lipoprotein receptor Homo sapiens 93-97 31751251-11 2019 The overall sensor system successfully detects the VEGF in both phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and human blood serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 64-89 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 51-55 31468703-5 2020 Under optimized conditions, the strip results can be semi-quantitatively evaluated with the naked eye within 15 min, with cut-off values in phosphate-buffered saline of 1 ng mL-1 for CLIN, 10 ng mL-1 for LIN, and 25 ng mL-1 for PIR, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 140-165 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 174-178 31768548-5 2019 The des Lys-1 polypeptide forms amyloid on the same time scale as wild-type amylin in phosphate buffered saline, but does so more rapidly in Tris. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 86-111 islet amyloid polypeptide Homo sapiens 76-82 32309171-9 2020 LRG1 group upregulated the levels of VEGF and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) family when compared with the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 132-157 leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 Mus musculus 0-4 31874025-8 2020 Analysis of cortisol solutions in a complex matrix (bovine serum albumin in phosphate buffered saline) is also demonstrated through the use of principal components analysis, a multivariate technique, which shows the separation of cortisol in a linear fashion with respect to cortisol concentration. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 76-101 albumin Homo sapiens 59-72 31667558-2 2019 The present study of bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 20-100 g/L sucrose as small cosolute has certainly verified the prediction that the experimentally obtained second virial coefficient should contain protein-cosolute contributions. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 45-70 albumin Homo sapiens 28-41 31503405-4 2019 C12-ApGltn dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline at 20 w/v% formed a self-assembling hydrogel with thixotropic properties that stimulated VEGF secretion by macrophage-like RAW264 cells. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 24-49 vascular endothelial growth factor A Mus musculus 139-143 31351252-7 2019 Fluorescently-labeled fibroblast growth factor-2 was delivered to hydrogels in phosphate-buffered saline and allowed to electrostatically bind to the covalently pre-incorporated PlnD1, producing stable non-covalent HBGF gradients. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 79-104 fibroblast growth factor 2 Homo sapiens 22-48 31675245-11 2019 The present study proposes a link between PPARgamma gene expression level and motility in human sperm.Abbreviations: PPARs: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; CASA: Computer Assisted Semen Analysis; TFA: Trans Fatty Acids; HTF: Human Tubal Fluid; PBS: Phosphate-Buffered Saline; PPP: Pentose Phosphate Pathway; PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase; G6PDH: Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 262-287 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma Homo sapiens 42-51 31433841-6 2019 Compared with the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control, Jagged1 increased the proliferation of neural stem cells and progenitor cells (NS/PCs) in DG. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 18-43 jagged canonical Notch ligand 1 Rattus norvegicus 59-66 31237262-9 2019 The detection limit (LOD) of CRP in phosphate-buffered saline was 2.5 pg mL-1 with a sample volume of 0.25 muL. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 36-61 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 29-32 31149815-2 2019 Here, we propose a three-phase droplet-based single-cell printing analysis system (TP-SCP), which can package, extract, separate, print, and analyze live single cells in saline matrixes (such as phosphate buffered saline) with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 195-220 urocortin 3 Homo sapiens 86-89 31142572-4 2019 Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the BDNF-injected group had a significant increase in the level of synaptophysin, which is a presynaptic vesicle protein, in the innermost IPL compared with the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 204-229 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 47-51 31460253-10 2019 These microspheres released VEGF continuously over 4 weeks in phosphate-buffered saline pH 7.4 at 37 C. This release profile was preserved after repeated and long-term storage at -20 C for up to 9 months, thereby demonstrating excellent storage stability. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 62-87 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 28-32 30993734-2 2019 The aim of this study is to inhibit amyloidogenesis by using preparatory polymeric nanomicelles as therapeutic agents and also as nanocarriers for curcumin to target Abeta fibrils through the glycation method of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the presence of phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 258-283 albumin Homo sapiens 219-232 31341915-10 2019 In vivo analysis of mouse calvariae that had been subcutaneously injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or TNF-alpha revealed that the number of TRAP-positive cells and the percentage of sclerostin-positive osteocytes were higher in the TNF-alpha group than in the PBS group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 79-104 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 244-253 31157253-12 2019 Compared to the phosphate buffered saline (PBS) group, percentages of Th1 (CD4+IFNgamma+) cells and plasma (B220-CD138+) cells in the spleen were significantly decreased in DPSCs and PDLSCs groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 16-41 negative elongation factor complex member C/D, Th1l Mus musculus 70-73 31131155-6 2019 Results: Mice cohorts injected with untargeted or ICAM2-targeted GNR demonstrated increased lesion-associated photothermal signal during subsequent imaging relative to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 168-193 intercellular adhesion molecule 2 Mus musculus 50-55 30979922-6 2019 The relative resistance change of this sensor owing to the attachment of cTnT was quantified as the cTnT concentration decreased from 10 ng/mL to 1 pg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and 10-fold diluted human serum in PBS, with the limits of detection being 1.2 pg/mL and 1.7 pg/mL, respectively, which is sufficiently sensitive for clinical applications. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 157-182 troponin T2, cardiac type Homo sapiens 73-77 30979922-6 2019 The relative resistance change of this sensor owing to the attachment of cTnT was quantified as the cTnT concentration decreased from 10 ng/mL to 1 pg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and 10-fold diluted human serum in PBS, with the limits of detection being 1.2 pg/mL and 1.7 pg/mL, respectively, which is sufficiently sensitive for clinical applications. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 157-182 troponin T2, cardiac type Homo sapiens 100-104 30762021-10 2019 Compared with the phosphate-buffered saline group, action potential latency of musculocutaneous nerves was markedly shortened in the hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and gel + hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 18-43 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Rattus norvegicus 175-206 31105058-6 2019 The fraction of PAC-1 binding to fXe-PLTs suspended in either phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or plasma was larger than that to Aph-PLTs in a resting state. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 62-87 dual specificity phosphatase 2 Homo sapiens 16-21 30826650-7 2019 The developed biosensor has detection limits of 1 pM and 10 pM of thrombin in phosphate buffered saline and mimic serum solution, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 78-103 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 66-74 30556210-10 2019 The regulatory relationship among MIAT, miR-29b, and SIRT1 was further validated by comparing the differentiated expression of these factors in cells treated with phosphate-buffered saline + H2 O2, a negative control + H2 O2, MIAT + H2 O2 , or H2 O2 + anti-miR-29b. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 163-188 myocardial infarction associated transcript (non-protein coding) Mus musculus 34-38 30624225-11 2019 The ASIC has been used in vitro in conjunction with an oversize (2 mm diameter) microchannel in phosphate buffered saline, demonstrating attenuation of interference from outside the microchannel and tripolar recording of signals from within the microchannel. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 96-121 acid sensing ion channel subunit 1 Homo sapiens 4-8 29536410-5 2019 Recombinant human relaxin 2 in phosphate-buffered saline with 0.1% bovine serum albumin was either applied as eye drops (1000, 2000 or 3000 ng/ml), injected intravitreally (500 ng/ml) or intravenously (13.3 mug/kg body weight). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 31-56 relaxin 2 Homo sapiens 18-27 30556210-10 2019 The regulatory relationship among MIAT, miR-29b, and SIRT1 was further validated by comparing the differentiated expression of these factors in cells treated with phosphate-buffered saline + H2 O2, a negative control + H2 O2, MIAT + H2 O2 , or H2 O2 + anti-miR-29b. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 163-188 sirtuin 1 Mus musculus 53-58 29886525-4 2018 Soluble Abeta is extracted by water-based buffers like phosphate-buffered saline-PBS-whereas pre-fibrillar and fibrillar deposits, usually poorly soluble in PBS, are extractable in detergent containing solutions or more stringent conditions as formic acid. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 55-80 amyloid beta precursor protein Homo sapiens 8-13 30531604-6 2019 Compared with phosphate buffered saline treated iALI mice, HVEM knock-down by siRNA caused a reduction of cytokine/chemokine levels, myeloperoxidase activity, broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell count and protein concentration. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 14-39 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 14 (herpesvirus entry mediator) Mus musculus 59-63 30683555-5 2019 18F-CA IX-P1-4-10 had good stability in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), but about 51% peptide degradation was detected in new-born calf serum (NBCS) after incubation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 40-65 carbonic anhydrase 9 Homo sapiens 4-9 30312773-5 2018 LPA specifically induced the aggregation of beta2-GPI in phosphate-buffered saline, and in incubated plasma and serum, both of which are known to accumulate LPA by the action of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and lysophospholipase D/autotaxin. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 57-82 apolipoprotein H Homo sapiens 44-53 30156185-3 2018 In an in vitro study on H2S release in phosphate buffered saline solution, we found that H2S was released from sulfo-albumin in the presence of 5-mM glutathione but not in its absence. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 39-64 histocompatibility 2, S region (C4, Slp, Bf, C2) Mus musculus 24-27 30156185-3 2018 In an in vitro study on H2S release in phosphate buffered saline solution, we found that H2S was released from sulfo-albumin in the presence of 5-mM glutathione but not in its absence. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 39-64 histocompatibility 2, S region (C4, Slp, Bf, C2) Mus musculus 89-92 29735523-3 2018 For example, 1E2, a mouse IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) to the serotype 3 (ST3) PPS (PPS3), reduced ST3 NP colonization in mice and altered ST3 gene expression in vitro Here, we determined whether 1E2 affects ST3 gene expression in vivo during colonization of mice by performing RNA sequencing on NP lavage fluid from ST3-infected mice treated with 1E2, a control MAb, or phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 373-398 LOC105243590 Mus musculus 26-30 29360423-5 2018 RESULTS: The number of metastatic nodules in bEnd.3 and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) vaccine groups was less than NIH3T3 vaccine group and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) control group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 156-181 BEN domain containing 3 Homo sapiens 45-51 29238989-8 2018 In addition, 20-minute incubation in 1x phosphate-buffered saline resulted in maximal Smad3 knockdown. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 40-65 mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 Oryctolagus cuniculus 86-91 30660932-5 2019 To demonstrate the filtration effect, the matrix effect was confirmed in standard plasma and in phosphate-buffered saline, based on the detection of amyloid beta (Abeta), an Alzheimer"s disease (AD)-associated peptide. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 96-121 amyloid beta precursor protein Homo sapiens 149-161 30660932-5 2019 To demonstrate the filtration effect, the matrix effect was confirmed in standard plasma and in phosphate-buffered saline, based on the detection of amyloid beta (Abeta), an Alzheimer"s disease (AD)-associated peptide. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 96-121 amyloid beta precursor protein Homo sapiens 163-168 30319041-9 2019 Phosphate-buffered saline endothelial nitric oxide synthase staining decreased dramatically throughout the study period. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 0-25 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 26-59 29882412-5 2018 For example, it has a lower overpotential of 74, 89, and 121 mV with the Tafel slopes of 69.3, 86.7, and 106.4 mV dec-1 to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm-2 in 0.5 M H2SO4, 1.0 M KOH, and 1.0 M phosphate-buffered saline solutions, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 200-225 deleted in esophageal cancer 1 Homo sapiens 114-119 29518041-9 2018 Degradation tests in phosphate buffered saline revealed the morphological instability of zein containing fiber mats in contact with aqueous media. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 21-46 zein Zea mays 89-93 29352308-3 2018 The SDS-PAGE and Western blot results confirmed that the rHSA was secreted into the transgenic silkworm cocoon, and the rHSA could be easily extracted with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 156-181 CD24 molecule Rattus norvegicus 57-61 29352308-3 2018 The SDS-PAGE and Western blot results confirmed that the rHSA was secreted into the transgenic silkworm cocoon, and the rHSA could be easily extracted with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 156-181 CD24 molecule Rattus norvegicus 120-124 30040611-4 2018 This immunization regimen significantly reduced parasite cyst burden in pVAX1-HSP40-immunized mice (1871.9 +- 142.3) compared with control mouse groups immunized with pVAX1 (3479.2 +- 204.4), phosphate buffered saline (3024.4 +- 212.8), or left untreated (3275.0 +- 179.8) as healthy controls (p < 0.01). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 192-217 DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B1 Mus musculus 78-83 29263412-7 2017 The resulting FET sensors exhibited a high selectivity (no response to bovine serum albumin and cathepsin K) and label-free detection of CatE at unprecedentedly low concentrations in both phosphate-buffered saline (2.3 pM) and human serum (0.23 nM). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 188-213 cathepsin E Homo sapiens 137-141 27890571-5 2017 CTS/TPP NPs quickly aggregate in PBS (phosphate buffered saline) and DMEM (Dulbecco"s modified Eagle"s medium). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 38-63 transthyretin Homo sapiens 0-3 28986376-6 2017 MS2 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) demonstrated approximately 5 times less adhesion force to glass (0.54 nN) than to PVC (2.87 nN) (P < 0.0001). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 7-32 MS2 Homo sapiens 0-3 28568973-5 2017 The results showed that the optical intensity of the SP-encapsulated group was 2.59 times higher than that of the phosphate-buffered saline group and 1.3 times higher than that of the SP-dipping group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 114-139 tachykinin precursor 1 Homo sapiens 53-55 28600223-6 2017 LL2 liposomes with a zeta potential of -26mV exhibited good colloidal stability in phosphate buffered saline containing bovine serum albumin and fetal bovine serum at 37 C. Cell uptake studies showed increased uptake of the LL2 when compared to LL1 liposomes. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 83-108 peroxiredoxin 2, pseudogene 1 Mus musculus 0-3 28600223-6 2017 LL2 liposomes with a zeta potential of -26mV exhibited good colloidal stability in phosphate buffered saline containing bovine serum albumin and fetal bovine serum at 37 C. Cell uptake studies showed increased uptake of the LL2 when compared to LL1 liposomes. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 83-108 peroxiredoxin 2, pseudogene 1 Mus musculus 224-227 28650005-7 2017 ssDNA aptamer functionalized molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) for selective and specific capture of thrombin was demonstrated both in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and human serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 129-154 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 95-103 28650979-7 2017 Moreover, compared with controls (phosphate-buffered saline-treated offspring), the cerebral 5-HT concentration at adolescence and adulthood in LPS-induced offspring was significantly decreased. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 34-59 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 144-147 28443860-5 2017 About 85% of the capture efficiency has been achieved in cancer cell trapping experiments, in which a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) spiked with phosphate-buffered saline buffer when the pore size of the filter is 8 mum and the device is operated at a flow rate of 0.1 mL min-1. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 151-176 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 278-283 28707305-6 2017 bFGF released from devices incubated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) enhanced the growth of fibroblasts, indicating bioactivity of bFGF after release. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 40-65 fibroblast growth factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 29075103-4 2017 The development of arthritis in rats with CIA injected with BIIC + NF-kappaB decoy ODN-propagated DCs (BIIC-decoy DCs) was significantly ameliorated compared to that in rats injected with BIIC-propagated DCs or phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 211-236 nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 Homo sapiens 67-76 28387583-3 2017 Here, we characterized the binding stoichiometry and sizes of soluble TNF-antagonist complexes for adalimumab, infliximab, and etanercept that were formed in human serum and in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 177-202 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 70-73 28215089-7 2017 A series of atomic force microscopy measurements investigating the LUB layer surface morphology, mechanical properties, and adhesion forces in phosphate-buffered saline and CaCl2 solutions reveal that the structural changes induced by calcium ion interactions also significantly alter key properties, which may have implications to LUB"s efficacy as a boundary lubricant and wear protector in the presence of elevated calcium ion concentrations. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 proteoglycan 4 Homo sapiens 67-70 28215089-7 2017 A series of atomic force microscopy measurements investigating the LUB layer surface morphology, mechanical properties, and adhesion forces in phosphate-buffered saline and CaCl2 solutions reveal that the structural changes induced by calcium ion interactions also significantly alter key properties, which may have implications to LUB"s efficacy as a boundary lubricant and wear protector in the presence of elevated calcium ion concentrations. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 proteoglycan 4 Homo sapiens 332-335 26838484-6 2017 The in vitro release showed that the percent of accumulated dissolution of VIN NPs in phosphate-buffered saline 6.8 over 24 h was <80%, which was almost 100% of VIN in commercial injections. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 86-111 long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1191 Homo sapiens 75-78 27456753-4 2016 We observed that H2O2 and AQP3 levels in mouse skin increased with the bleomycin injection period relative to phosphate-buffered saline-injected control mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 110-135 aquaporin 3 Mus musculus 26-30 27507631-5 2017 Similarly, after incubation in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 C, the CD101 remaining (96%) was greater than that of anidulafungin (42%). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 31-56 CD101 molecule Homo sapiens 71-76 28001241-2 2016 The authors conducted an in vitro evaluation of the amount of TGF-b1 released from dentin slices after treatment with 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and the effect of this growth factor on stem cell migration from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 198-223 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 62-68 27456753-5 2016 AQP3 mRNA and protein levels were higher in bleomycin mice fibroblasts than in phosphate-buffered saline mice fibroblasts, and AQP3 immunofluorescence signals in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of bleomycin mice fibroblasts were much stronger than those in phosphate-buffered saline mice fibroblasts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 79-104 aquaporin 3 Mus musculus 0-4 27456753-5 2016 AQP3 mRNA and protein levels were higher in bleomycin mice fibroblasts than in phosphate-buffered saline mice fibroblasts, and AQP3 immunofluorescence signals in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of bleomycin mice fibroblasts were much stronger than those in phosphate-buffered saline mice fibroblasts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 257-282 aquaporin 3 Mus musculus 0-4 26303327-9 2016 For the survival study, rClone30-interleukin12-interleukin2 increased the survival rate (12 of 16) of the tumor-bearing mice versus 11 of 16 in rClone30-interleukin-12 group, 10 of 16 in rClone30-interleukin-2 group, 7 of 16 in Clone30 group, and 0/16 in phosphate-buffered saline group, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 255-280 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 47-59 27456753-5 2016 AQP3 mRNA and protein levels were higher in bleomycin mice fibroblasts than in phosphate-buffered saline mice fibroblasts, and AQP3 immunofluorescence signals in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of bleomycin mice fibroblasts were much stronger than those in phosphate-buffered saline mice fibroblasts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 257-282 aquaporin 3 Mus musculus 127-131 27315520-6 2016 We prepared a disposable capillary-driven flow chip designed for on-site measurement (Miura et al., 2010) with our aptamer array and detected thrombin from phosphate-buffered saline at concentrations of 50ngmL(-1) and 1mugmL(-1) (equivalent to 1.35 and 27nM, respectively). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 156-181 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 142-150 26777732-4 2016 The limit of detection of the immunosensor for Gal-1 protein is 0.0078mg/ml of T24 (Grade III) cell lysate in phosphate buffered saline, artificial urine and human urine samples. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 110-135 galectin 1 Homo sapiens 47-52 26939670-4 2016 MMP-2 can specifically cleave the Ru1-peptide on the electrode surface, which led the partly Ru1-peptide to leave the electrode surface and resulted in the decrease of the ECL intensity obtained from the resulted electrode in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) containing tri-n-propylamine. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 232-257 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 0-5 26939670-4 2016 MMP-2 can specifically cleave the Ru1-peptide on the electrode surface, which led the partly Ru1-peptide to leave the electrode surface and resulted in the decrease of the ECL intensity obtained from the resulted electrode in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) containing tri-n-propylamine. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 232-257 Scm like with four mbt domains 1 Homo sapiens 34-37 26939670-4 2016 MMP-2 can specifically cleave the Ru1-peptide on the electrode surface, which led the partly Ru1-peptide to leave the electrode surface and resulted in the decrease of the ECL intensity obtained from the resulted electrode in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) containing tri-n-propylamine. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 232-257 Scm like with four mbt domains 1 Homo sapiens 93-96 27438863-5 2016 We have evaluated the feasibility of detection of cTnI in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and human serum (HS) by measuring impedance changes over a frequency window from 100 mHz to 1 MHz. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 58-83 troponin I3, cardiac type Homo sapiens 50-54 27185120-6 2016 After immersion in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at a pH of 7.4 for up to 15days, the as-spun CMCS-ADA-PEO composite nanofibers maintained structural integrity, confirming the success of the crosslinking. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 19-44 G protein signaling modulator 2 Homo sapiens 96-100 27588134-5 2016 The correlation of oxidative stress with Abeta levels was lower in the hAMMSCs-injected group than in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected group, as indicated by the increased level of antioxidative enzymes and the decreased level of lipid peroxidation product. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 106-131 amyloid beta precursor protein Homo sapiens 41-46 27462975-6 2016 The PEG-IFN-alpha in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polyethylene glycol was the most promising nanoparticle among the four formulations because of its remarkably constant release in both phosphate-buffered saline and plasma. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 186-211 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 8-17 27106151-7 2016 The results of in vitro release showed that the encapsulated beta-C was continuously released from the micelles in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) medium for about 7days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 115-140 colony stimulating factor 2 receptor subunit beta Homo sapiens 61-67 26577570-9 2016 AMs from GM-CSF-treated, influenza-infected, SHS-exposed mice showed significantly better efferocytosis activity, and mice had significantly less morbidity compared with phosphate-buffered saline-treated group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 170-195 colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage) Mus musculus 9-15 27375592-7 2016 After 1 h both human tear fluid, and the tear component lysozyme, greatly enhanced OMV release from P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 compared to phosphate buffered saline (PBS) controls (~100-fold). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 138-163 lysozyme Homo sapiens 56-64 27154002-4 2016 In contrast, a single local administration of IL-25 significantly worsened locomotor outcome, which was evident from a decreased Basso mouse scale (BMS) score compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 173-198 interleukin 25 Mus musculus 46-51 26925601-3 2016 The results showed that administration of a combination of probiotics including Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 and Lactobacillus plantarum A significantly increased the production of CD11c(+) dendritic cells in the spleen (3.62% vs phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-treated control, P<0.01) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 273-298 integrin subunit alpha X Homo sapiens 224-229 27082164-10 2016 Furthermore, in the Per2 overexpression group, MTA-1 protein expression was significantly reduced when compared with the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control and empty plasmid groups, while nm23-H1 protein expression was significantly higher when compared with those two groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 121-146 period circadian clock 2 Mus musculus 20-24 27234544-8 2016 Production of TNF bioactivity in Cwb was measured in the presence of phosphate buffered saline (control), ethanol (solvent control), dexamethasone (anti-inflammatory control), LPS, LTA, and three different concentrations of RES. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 69-94 tumor necrosis factor Equus caballus 14-17 26907831-5 2016 The in vitro insulin release through the nanopolymersomal system was studied in HCl 0.1N (pH1.2) and phosphate buffered saline (pH7.4). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 101-126 insulin Homo sapiens 13-20 27127149-6 2016 Matrigel invasion by ZKSCAN3-overexpressing HCT116 cells was increased when examined on CEA-coated filters compared with phosphate-buffered saline-treated controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 121-146 zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 3 Homo sapiens 21-28 25809504-7 2016 Dexamethasone, NGF, and BDNF loaded into MG were released within 1 day in 1x phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 77-102 nerve growth factor Rattus norvegicus 15-18 26987291-7 2016 In C3H mice bearing synergic SCCVII tumors, the growth of tumors injected with the supernatant of RH2-infected cells was less than that of tumors injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 160-185 Rh associated glycoprotein Homo sapiens 98-101 27020822-8 2016 RESULTS: bFGF was released according to the degradation of GGS in phosphate-buffered saline, and the remaining bFGF was released in collagenase solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 66-91 fibroblast growth factor 2 Mus musculus 9-13 26413884-3 2016 From in vivo study, injection of rHDL containing apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) caused 76 +- 4% (p = 0.01) greater tissue regeneration activity than the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control, whereas PCO-rHDL caused 94 +- 7% (p = 0.002) increased regeneration. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 150-175 apolipoprotein A-Ia Danio rerio 69-75 26586612-9 2016 Additionally, the mmCD40Ig protein can bind hCD40L protein in phosphate buffered saline and form a stable combination in a size-exclusion chromatography assay using a Superdex 200 column. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 62-87 CD40 ligand Homo sapiens 44-50 25809504-7 2016 Dexamethasone, NGF, and BDNF loaded into MG were released within 1 day in 1x phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 77-102 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 24-28 26694855-7 2016 CD spectroscopy, FTIR, and transmission electron microscopy reveal that pufferfish IAPP forms amyloid and does so more rapidly than human IAPP in tris buffer at pH 7.4, but does so more slowly in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 196-221 islet amyloid polypeptide Homo sapiens 83-87 26567319-5 2016 On the excisional wound splinting model established on db/db diabetic mouse, topical application of Ft1 significantly shortened the wound closure time by 5.1 days in contrast with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) treatment (15.8 versus 20.9 days). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 180-205 AKT interacting protein Mus musculus 100-103 26046981-7 2015 The HS-C11-EG6-X capped Au NCs exhibited superior stability under various solution conditions (including extreme pH, high salt concentration, phosphate buffered saline and cell medium) for at least 6 months, even after conjugation with anticancer drug doxorubicin. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 142-167 RNA polymerase III subunit K Homo sapiens 7-10 27398452-3 2016 The PLN exhibited prolonged in vitro release in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 48-73 phospholamban Homo sapiens 4-7 26435026-4 2015 But the progression of aortic dilation was significantly decreased after the treatment with SP600125 and LOX gene modified SPCs compared to the treatment with phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 159-184 protein-lysine 6-oxidase Oryctolagus cuniculus 105-108 26317522-7 2015 Addition of salts (phosphate-buffered saline; PBS) shortened the Debye length or the electrostatic field influence which weakened the kerateine-BMP-2 binding (KD = 3.2 x 10(-5) M). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 19-44 bone morphogenetic protein 2 Homo sapiens 144-149 26166725-4 2015 In a second study, different doses of GDNF (10-150 mug) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were studied at the 1-h time point. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 59-84 glial cell derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 38-42 26099467-5 2015 The release profile of Fab1, measured in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), showed a lag phase followed by sustained-release phase for close to 80 days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 41-66 phosphoinositide kinase, FYVE-type zinc finger containing Homo sapiens 23-27 26178579-5 2015 Results found that compared to the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated or the negative control (NC) siRNA-treated mice tumour xenograft weight and volume were significantly decreased in the NF-kappaB p65 siRNA-treated mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 35-60 RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit Homo sapiens 194-207 26345878-8 2015 Additionally, compared with the phosphate-buffered saline transplantation group, the expression of rearranged during transfection, GDNF, and GFRalpha-1 mRNA in the stem cell transplantation group increased gradually. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 32-57 glial cell derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 131-135 26345878-8 2015 Additionally, compared with the phosphate-buffered saline transplantation group, the expression of rearranged during transfection, GDNF, and GFRalpha-1 mRNA in the stem cell transplantation group increased gradually. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 32-57 GDNF family receptor alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 141-151 25871826-10 2015 The transgene hOPG modification revealed a marked increasing osteointegration and restored implant stability in OVX rats (P<0.01), compared with the control groups (Ad-EGFP or sterilized phosphate-buffered saline) 28 days after implantation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 190-215 TNF receptor superfamily member 11b Homo sapiens 14-18 26255110-8 2015 In Abeta1-42-injected rat brain, CXCR2 and IL-8 showed time-dependent increases in expression, concomitant with enhanced gliosis, relative to controls phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or reverse peptide Abeta42-1 injection. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 151-176 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 Rattus norvegicus 33-38 24880451-4 2015 RESULTS: standards curves generated with the use of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) demonstrated best adjustment for cytokines IL-1ss, IL-6 and TNF- alpha levels, when using Tris-HCl (p<0.05). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 52-77 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 127-131 25837415-7 2015 IL-10 remained immobilised to PCL scaffolds for more than 120 days when stored in phosphate buffered saline at room temperature and for up to 14d ays when implanted around the sciatic nerve. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 82-107 interleukin 10 Rattus norvegicus 0-5 25569307-8 2015 Additionally, the sensitivity of PAH/PPi and PAH/TPP complexes to ionic strength was demonstrated as a potential route to injectable adhesive design (where spontaneous adhesive formation was triggered via injection of low-viscosity, colloidal PAH/TPP dispersions into phosphate buffered saline). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 268-293 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 33-36 25569307-8 2015 Additionally, the sensitivity of PAH/PPi and PAH/TPP complexes to ionic strength was demonstrated as a potential route to injectable adhesive design (where spontaneous adhesive formation was triggered via injection of low-viscosity, colloidal PAH/TPP dispersions into phosphate buffered saline). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 268-293 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 45-48 25569307-8 2015 Additionally, the sensitivity of PAH/PPi and PAH/TPP complexes to ionic strength was demonstrated as a potential route to injectable adhesive design (where spontaneous adhesive formation was triggered via injection of low-viscosity, colloidal PAH/TPP dispersions into phosphate buffered saline). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 268-293 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 45-48 25609957-5 2015 There was a gentle burst release of BMP2 from microspheres into the surrounding phosphate-buffered saline in vitro within the initial 48 hours, and continued at a low rate for over 40 days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 80-105 bone morphogenetic protein 2 Homo sapiens 36-40 25550121-1 2015 Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 177-202 chitinase 1 Homo sapiens 74-78 25808546-10 2015 The percentages of T and B lymphocytes expressing nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) in the gingival tissues and T lymphocytes expressing RANKL in the cervical draining lymph nodes were higher in IL-33-treated P. gingivalis-infected mice versus phosphate buffered saline-treated P. gingivalis-infected controls (all P < 0.001). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 247-272 interleukin 33 Mus musculus 198-203 25664981-6 2015 We found that intratracheal administration of HSP70 using the TAT methodology, just after CLP (CLP-TAT-HSP70), when compared with treatment with phosphate buffered saline (CLP-phosphate buffered saline), significantly increased HSP70 abundance in the lung 24 and 48 h after surgery. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 176-201 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B Rattus norvegicus 46-51 25873314-6 2015 IRF4 mRNA and protein levels and T helper (Th) 17 cell frequencies in the poly(I:C)-treated group were significantly higher than in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated control group, and were correlated with a significantly higher embryo resorption rate. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 136-161 interferon regulatory factor 4 Mus musculus 0-4 25889863-3 2015 METHODS: To specifically and magnetically label liver tumors, an anti-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) reagent was synthesized from biosafe iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with anti-AFP antibody and solved in a phosphate buffered saline solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 218-243 alpha-fetoprotein Rattus norvegicus 65-87 25889863-3 2015 METHODS: To specifically and magnetically label liver tumors, an anti-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) reagent was synthesized from biosafe iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with anti-AFP antibody and solved in a phosphate buffered saline solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 218-243 alpha-fetoprotein Rattus norvegicus 89-92 24880451-4 2015 RESULTS: standards curves generated with the use of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) demonstrated best adjustment for cytokines IL-1ss, IL-6 and TNF- alpha levels, when using Tris-HCl (p<0.05). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 52-77 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 135-139 24880451-4 2015 RESULTS: standards curves generated with the use of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) demonstrated best adjustment for cytokines IL-1ss, IL-6 and TNF- alpha levels, when using Tris-HCl (p<0.05). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 52-77 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 144-154 24702146-6 2014 RESULTS: Mice that received an infusion of isogeneic CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells had significantly greater mean median survival time, greater degree of chimerism, decreased levels of cytokines (monokine induced by interferon-gamma, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted protein), and decreased lymphocytic infiltration than did mice that received phosphate-buffered saline alone. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 409-434 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 53-56 24998620-7 2014 The pathologically elevated repetitive behavior and the deficit in social dominance behavior seen in phosphate-buffered saline-injected Fmr1 KO mice were reversed in AAV-FMRP-injected mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 101-126 fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 Mus musculus 136-140 24998620-7 2014 The pathologically elevated repetitive behavior and the deficit in social dominance behavior seen in phosphate-buffered saline-injected Fmr1 KO mice were reversed in AAV-FMRP-injected mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 101-126 fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 Mus musculus 170-174 24845869-4 2014 In the first study, rats received single intranasal doses of 50-mug GDNF in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or cationic liposomes, but no 6-OHDA. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 76-101 glial cell derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 68-72 25935981-3 2014 R-SLN exhibited in vitro prolonged release of raloxifene for 72 h in phosphate buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 69-94 sarcolipin Rattus norvegicus 2-5 32261575-3 2014 The results show that the CytC capped nanocarriers have excellent doxorubicin (DOX) loading efficiency (414 mug mg-1 MSN) and the leakage of the drug is only 16% at pH 7.4 phosphate-buffered saline for 72 h. Simultaneously, the DOX release percentage can reach 54% by decreasing the pH to 5.5. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 172-197 cytochrome c, somatic Homo sapiens 26-30 25028550-2 2014 This study showed that when coated on tissue culture polystyrene, lubricin, a nanostructured mucinous glycoprotein found in the synovial fluid of joints, decreased fibroblast density for up to 2 days of culture compared to controls treated with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 245-270 proteoglycan 4 Bos taurus 66-74 24981025-4 2014 RESULTS: GGH copolymers could condense shRNA to form shRNA/GGH polyplex particles with a diameter in the range 122.8-331.6 nm in phosphate-buffered saline, and zeta potential values ranging from +3.7 to +16.5 mV at various charge ratios (N/P). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 129-154 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 9-12 24981025-4 2014 RESULTS: GGH copolymers could condense shRNA to form shRNA/GGH polyplex particles with a diameter in the range 122.8-331.6 nm in phosphate-buffered saline, and zeta potential values ranging from +3.7 to +16.5 mV at various charge ratios (N/P). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 129-154 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 59-62 25333196-5 2015 The majority of the inflammatory cells present in the corneas of the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated mice were neutrophils that expressed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 69-94 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Mus musculus 146-178 24768749-8 2014 Treated IVDs were injected with 0.2 mug TGFbeta3 in 20 muL phosphate-buffered saline+bovine serum albumin into several locations of the discectomy site. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 59-84 transforming growth factor beta 3 Homo sapiens 40-48 25336945-6 2014 A burst release of Sema3A was observed in the first few days in phosphate-buffered saline and could be maintained for >2 weeks. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 64-89 semaphorin 3A Homo sapiens 19-25 24879591-5 2014 A detail EIS study was conducted on the bioelectrode towards the quantitative detection of the target Ag-CRP in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 112-137 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 105-108 24894662-1 2014 An electrochemical impedance immunosensing method for the detection and quantification of C-reactive protein (alphaCRP) in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) is demonstrated. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 123-148 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 90-108 24413911-3 2014 In isolated porcine coronary arteries, after 20 h incubation with serum-free medium, serum-containing medium, or phosphate-buffered saline solution, the protein levels of the dimers of sGC, PDE5, and PKG were diminished while the monomer levels remained unchanged, associated with reduced cGMP elevation in response to DETA NONOate and decreased PDE5 activity; the activity of PKG was not significantly altered. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 113-138 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 190-194 24413911-3 2014 In isolated porcine coronary arteries, after 20 h incubation with serum-free medium, serum-containing medium, or phosphate-buffered saline solution, the protein levels of the dimers of sGC, PDE5, and PKG were diminished while the monomer levels remained unchanged, associated with reduced cGMP elevation in response to DETA NONOate and decreased PDE5 activity; the activity of PKG was not significantly altered. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 113-138 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 200-203 25074544-3 2014 The performance of the system was demonstrated with cardiac marker Troponin I (cTnI) as a model analyte in phosphate-buffered saline samples. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 107-132 troponin I3, cardiac type Homo sapiens 79-83 25144894-4 2014 After 13 weeks, the distribution of ARSA activity subsequent to each of the three direct intraparenchymal administration routes was significantly higher than in phosphate-buffered saline-administered controls, but administration by the intraventricular and intraarterial routes failed to demonstrate measurable levels above controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 161-186 arylsulfatase A Homo sapiens 36-40 24634448-8 2014 RESULTS: Treatment with LR-PRP resulted in significantly greater synoviocyte death (4.9% +- 3.1%) compared with LP-PRP (0.72% +- 0.70%; P = .035), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (0.39% +- 0.27%; P = .018), and PPP (0.26% +- 0.30%; P = .013). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 147-172 complement component 4 binding protein alpha Homo sapiens 27-30 24709679-4 2014 Intracortical injection of 2 muL of phosphate-buffered saline produced a small traumatic injury and a high rate of hemorrhage in PAI-1 pups at postnatal day 3 (P3) or P5, whereas it had no effect in wild-type neonates. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 36-61 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1 Mus musculus 129-134 24304498-5 2014 The dissolution of HA and the release of BMP2 peptide were monitored by measuring the concentrations of calcium ions and BMP2 peptide in phosphate buffered saline solution, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 137-162 bone morphogenetic protein 2 Homo sapiens 41-45 24009313-5 2014 To investigate the potential of laminin-111 protein therapy to improve muscle regeneration, laminin-111 or phosphate-buffered saline-treated laminin-alpha2-deficient muscle was damaged with cardiotoxin and muscle regeneration quantified. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 107-132 laminin, alpha 2 Mus musculus 141-155 24105680-5 2014 Intratumoral NKp46(+) NKG2D(+) and NKp46(+) FasL(+) cells were markedly reduced after IL-33 treatment, while phosphate-buffered saline-treated ST2-deficient mice had increased frequencies of these tumoricidal natural killer (NK) cells compared to untreated wild-type mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 109-134 interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 Mus musculus 143-146 24690461-9 2014 Significantly decreased expression of rat brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA was observed in the ischemic hemispheres of all three cell-treated and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group animals compared with sham animals, although the decrease was least in cbMNC-treated animals. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 152-177 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 42-75 24490960-4 2014 In HCAECs treated with oxLDL (100 mug/ml) alone, DNA synthesis, cell viability, and expression of prosurvival fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) were significantly reduced (P < 0.01 vs phosphate buffered saline-treated cells). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 187-212 fibroblast growth factor 2 Homo sapiens 138-142 24627836-3 2014 MATERIALS AND METHODS: NGF solution was made of 1.0 mg of NGF and 1.0 mL of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 76-101 nerve growth factor Rattus norvegicus 23-26 24672780-6 2014 Newborn cells differentiated into doublecortin (DCX-) positive neuroblasts and Neuronal Nuclei (NeuN-) positive mature neurons in the subventricular zone and ischemic boundary at higher rates in animals with MSCs-BDNF compared with treatment using solely phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or MSCs. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 255-280 brain derived neurotrophic factor Homo sapiens 213-217 24068478-3 2014 Here, we found that bacterially expressed, 6x histidine (His)-tagged human FGF4 (Pro(32)-Leu(206)) protein, referred to as HishFGF4, was unstable such as in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 157-182 fibroblast growth factor 4 Homo sapiens 75-79 24449582-4 2014 METHODS: Eight-week-old wild-type (WT) or caspase 1(-/-) mice were injected intraperitoneally with phosphate buffered saline or pristane. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 99-124 caspase 1 Mus musculus 42-51 24815445-7 2014 After adding rhEGFL7, the level of FAK phosphorylation in HMEC-1 cells was significantly elevated compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 112-137 protein tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 35-38 23948760-2 2013 Stable isotope-labeled d7-analogs of both analytes were used as internal standards and 4.2% (w/v) human serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline was used as the surrogate matrix for preparation of calibration curves and QCs. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 121-146 albumin Mus musculus 104-117 24333060-4 2014 MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared the binding ability of alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase/alpha-galactosidase with red blood cells (RBC) in different reaction buffers, such as normal saline, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), a disodium hydrogen phosphate-based buffer (PCS), and 5% commercial glucose solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 191-216 alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase Homo sapiens 58-89 23413231-4 2013 About 70% of TGF-beta1 was found to be released in vitro from the gelatin gel containing the platelet-rich fibrin extract into phosphate-buffered saline (-) in 7 days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 127-152 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 13-22 24406137-3 2013 Tumor-bearing nude mice were assigned randomizely to three groups: Lenti-RhoA-sh group, Lenti- negative control (NC) group and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) group.lentivirus mediated RhoA shRNA, negative control lentivirus and PBS were respectively injected in the three groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 127-152 ras homolog family member A Mus musculus 185-189 23623603-5 2013 The number of ED1-positive phagocytic microglial cells associated with Abeta plaques was higher in AMSC-injected mice than in phosphate-buffered saline-injected mice, and the level of Abeta-degrading enzymes (matrix metallopeptidase-9 and insulin-degrading enzyme) was also significantly higher. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 126-151 ectodysplasin-A Mus musculus 14-17 23727509-5 2013 Neuropathological examination of ASC-treated SOD1-mutant mice at day 100 (i.e. the time of their best motor performance) revealed a higher number of lumbar motorneurons than in phosphate-buffered saline-treated SOD1-mutant mice and a restricted number of undifferentiated green fluorescent protein-labeled ASC in the spinal cord. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 177-202 superoxide dismutase 1, soluble Mus musculus 211-215 23168225-5 2013 Release of TGF-beta1 from the 3-D scaffolds into phosphate-buffered saline ceased after 2-3 days when ~30% of the growth factor was released. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 49-74 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 11-20 23834261-6 2013 Our rABL exhibited good biocompatibility when evaluated with cytotoxicity and cell metabolic response assays, and was stable during storage in phosphate-buffered saline at 4 C for several months. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Rattus norvegicus 4-8 23754615-6 2013 Additionally, when the mice were immunized with the Eps8 vaccine, this resulted in a regression of 4T1 breast tumors and significantly prolonged survival time in the tumor-bearing mice compared with that in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 211-236 epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 Mus musculus 52-56 23274197-3 2013 L13 photonic crystal microcavities, coupled to W1 photonic crystal waveguides, are employed in which resonances show high Q in the bio-ambient phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L13 Homo sapiens 0-3 23356996-2 2013 With probe complementary DNA (cDNA) immobilized on the PEPS surface and by monitoring the first longitudinal extension mode (LEM) resonance frequency shift of the PEPS we detected hybridization of the target DNA (tDNA) to the probe cDNA on the PEPS surface in real time at concentration 1.6x10(-18)M with a signal to noise ratio of 8 without isolation and amplification at room temperature in 30min in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 402-427 leucine aminopeptidase 3 Homo sapiens 163-167 23356996-2 2013 With probe complementary DNA (cDNA) immobilized on the PEPS surface and by monitoring the first longitudinal extension mode (LEM) resonance frequency shift of the PEPS we detected hybridization of the target DNA (tDNA) to the probe cDNA on the PEPS surface in real time at concentration 1.6x10(-18)M with a signal to noise ratio of 8 without isolation and amplification at room temperature in 30min in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 402-427 leucine aminopeptidase 3 Homo sapiens 163-167 23480182-5 2013 Mice treated with PLP-cIBR had a higher secretion of cytokines related to regulatory and/or suppressor cells compared to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 121-146 proteolipid protein (myelin) 1 Mus musculus 18-21 23402628-3 2013 Oxidation with hydrogen peroxide was similarly assessed, and adhesion of lysozyme and fibrinogen from phosphate buffered saline was then assayed by QCM and imaged by AFM. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 102-127 lysozyme Homo sapiens 73-81 23402628-3 2013 Oxidation with hydrogen peroxide was similarly assessed, and adhesion of lysozyme and fibrinogen from phosphate buffered saline was then assayed by QCM and imaged by AFM. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 102-127 fibrinogen beta chain Homo sapiens 86-96 23442250-8 2013 An in vitro EPR experiment using phosphate-buffered saline-stimulated neutrophils confirmed the O2( -) scavenging ability of HSA-Trx. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 33-58 thioredoxin 1 Mus musculus 129-132 23643008-2 2013 METHODS: The CSE was prepared by smoke-bubbled phosphate buffered saline(PBS) generation.After culturing cells with different concentrations of CSE, we used the cell counting kit-8 to determine the cell viability.The expression levels of c-jun and cyclinD1 were analyzed through Western blot.The c-jun plasmid was transfected to detect the change of cyclinD1 expression. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 47-72 choreoathetosis/spasticity, episodic (paroxysmal choreoathetosis/spasticity) Homo sapiens 13-16 22976928-10 2012 in 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline, 5 days a week) to FVB-TRAMP resulted in a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in prostate tumor size and urogenital apparatus weights at 13 and 20 weeks. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 10-35 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 25 Mus musculus 59-64 23258212-10 2013 In the prevention arm, the mean CNV area in CFH-treated eyes decreased by 27.0% compared with phosphate buffered saline-treated control eyes on Day 7 (p=0.011). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 94-119 complement factor H Homo sapiens 44-47 23292502-5 2013 The systemic delivery of the m-p16 peptide using Wr-T by cardiac injection significantly inhibited the growth of solid MBT-2 tumors compared with the control phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 158-183 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A Mus musculus 31-34 23737666-6 2013 The in vitro release study of protocatechuic acid from PANE and PAND in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.4, 5.3, and 4.8 revealed that the nanocomposites had a sustained release property. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 72-97 PAND1 Homo sapiens 64-68 23883774-2 2013 We previously reported the colocalization of non-enzymatic ArsA with heparan sulfate proteoglycan on cell surfaces in the mouse liver using tissues processed with phosphate-buffered saline containing Ca2+ and Mg2+. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 163-188 arylsulfatase A Mus musculus 59-63 22386653-4 2012 Rats treated with topical application of PEDF protein had 31% less corneal neovascularization at day 7 after the injury than phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated rats. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 125-150 serpin family F member 1 Rattus norvegicus 41-45 23170121-5 2012 The DCs co-transfected with IL-2 and AFP (AFP/IL-2-DCs) enhanced the cytotoxicities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and increased the production of IL-2 and interferon-gamma significantly compared with their AFP-DC, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-DC, DC or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) counterparts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 260-285 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 28-40 23170121-5 2012 The DCs co-transfected with IL-2 and AFP (AFP/IL-2-DCs) enhanced the cytotoxicities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and increased the production of IL-2 and interferon-gamma significantly compared with their AFP-DC, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-DC, DC or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) counterparts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 260-285 alpha fetoprotein Homo sapiens 37-40 23170121-5 2012 The DCs co-transfected with IL-2 and AFP (AFP/IL-2-DCs) enhanced the cytotoxicities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and increased the production of IL-2 and interferon-gamma significantly compared with their AFP-DC, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-DC, DC or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) counterparts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 260-285 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 28-32 23170121-5 2012 The DCs co-transfected with IL-2 and AFP (AFP/IL-2-DCs) enhanced the cytotoxicities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and increased the production of IL-2 and interferon-gamma significantly compared with their AFP-DC, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-DC, DC or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) counterparts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 260-285 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 46-50 23170121-5 2012 The DCs co-transfected with IL-2 and AFP (AFP/IL-2-DCs) enhanced the cytotoxicities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and increased the production of IL-2 and interferon-gamma significantly compared with their AFP-DC, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-DC, DC or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) counterparts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 260-285 alpha fetoprotein Homo sapiens 42-45 22705082-3 2012 The objective of this work was to optimize the recovery of MS2 from muscle and fat tissue of meat by comparing phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 10% beef extract pH 7.2, and tryptose phosphate (2.9%) glycine (6%) broth pH 9.5 as eluants. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 111-136 MS2 Homo sapiens 59-62 22677637-8 2012 However, mRNA expression of MMP-9 and VEGF differed significantly only in the cornea between the A-Mphi group and phosphate-buffered saline group 5 days after the implantation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 114-139 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Rattus norvegicus 28-33 22677637-8 2012 However, mRNA expression of MMP-9 and VEGF differed significantly only in the cornea between the A-Mphi group and phosphate-buffered saline group 5 days after the implantation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 114-139 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 38-42 22522742-2 2012 L13 photonic crystal microcavities are employed which show high Q values (~9300) in the bio-ambient phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as well as high sensitivity, experimentally demonstrated to ~98 atto-grams. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 100-125 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L13 Homo sapiens 0-3 22426154-3 2012 Additionally, urotensin II induced c-Fos-like-immunoreactivity (c-FLI) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) as compared with that in the control (phosphate buffered saline [PBS]-treated) group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 146-171 urotensin 2 Rattus norvegicus 14-26 22395112-4 2012 One month after unilateral intrahippocampal LPS injection (10 mug in 4 mul phosphate-buffered saline, PBS), increased protein levels and immunoreactivity of PirB were detected in the ipsilateral hippocampal formation and cortex of the experimental group relative to vehicle (PBS) control. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 75-100 leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor B2 Rattus norvegicus 157-161 22141421-3 2012 METHODS: In acute studies, we treated both wild-type and Egr-1 null mice with either EtOH or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) by gastric intubation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 93-118 early growth response 1 Mus musculus 57-62 22097911-4 2012 Test animals received 0.1 mL of osteoactivin in phosphate-buffered saline (50 mug/mL) soak-loaded onto an absorbable collagen sponge. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 48-73 glycoprotein nmb Rattus norvegicus 32-44 22340670-5 2012 According to our results, BP14 is easily and quickly solubilized in phosphate-buffered saline and exhibits several allergenic isoforms covering a broad range of pI (6.5-10.5). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 68-93 BP14 Homo sapiens 26-30 22095295-2 2012 In vitro release of insulin from the delivery system was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 68-93 insulin Homo sapiens 20-27 22538135-4 2012 METHODS: The insulin analogs underwent a buffer exchange into phosphate-buffered saline to remove formulation excipients and then were heated and agitated to characterize intrinsic fibrillation potentials devoid of excipient stabilizing effects. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 62-87 insulin Homo sapiens 13-20 22243267-0 2011 Amelogenin-enamelin association in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 35-60 enamelin Homo sapiens 11-19 22373991-12 2012 CONCLUSIONS: : Findings demonstrate the following: (1) EGR-1 expression is increased in the tendon wound environment after flexor tendon laceration repair; (2) normal epitenon cells have low, baseline levels of EGR-1 expression; and (3) sodium morrhuate does not augment scar matrix production more than phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 304-329 early growth response protein 1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 55-60 22101293-6 2012 The EPO release curve in phosphate buffered saline solution was a good fit with the zero-order kinetics distribution and was maintained at around 25% in 48 h. In vivo experiments demonstrated that 50 IU/kg epo-NPs had the same effect as a 5000 IU/kg direct injection of free EPO. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 25-50 erythropoietin Rattus norvegicus 4-7 22101293-6 2012 The EPO release curve in phosphate buffered saline solution was a good fit with the zero-order kinetics distribution and was maintained at around 25% in 48 h. In vivo experiments demonstrated that 50 IU/kg epo-NPs had the same effect as a 5000 IU/kg direct injection of free EPO. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 25-50 erythropoietin Rattus norvegicus 206-209 22101293-6 2012 The EPO release curve in phosphate buffered saline solution was a good fit with the zero-order kinetics distribution and was maintained at around 25% in 48 h. In vivo experiments demonstrated that 50 IU/kg epo-NPs had the same effect as a 5000 IU/kg direct injection of free EPO. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 25-50 erythropoietin Rattus norvegicus 275-278 22006794-4 2012 The immunostaining analysis showed that NCFs treated with pAd-HIF-1alpha-Ala564-Ala803 exhibited higher protein expression levels of smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMA, myocyte marker) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT, cardiomyocyte marker), compared with phosphate-buffered saline and pAd-LacZ treatments. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 248-273 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Rattus norvegicus 62-72 21613289-8 2011 CS-A microspheres with a core-shell structure showed a significant decrease in the burst release of proteins, maintaining sustained release profile in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at both pH 7.4 and 4.3, compared with the controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 151-176 chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-4 21867383-7 2011 The cell counting in cross-sections and [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assays revealed a significant increase in the number of MPAE cells cultured with IL-13 compared with a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 173-198 interleukin 13 Mus musculus 151-156 21907798-10 2011 AsODN incorporated in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) also demonstrated a trend towards reduced Cx43 levels; however this was not statistically significant owing to great variability between treated animals. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 22-47 gap junction protein, alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 96-100 21562126-7 2011 CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) cells were increased in the spleen of both Gal-9-treated and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated ALI mice, but only Gal-9 increased the ability of CCR2-expressing macrophages to migrate toward monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 77-102 integrin subunit alpha M Homo sapiens 0-5 21804442-11 2011 VEGF protein levels in the allograft epithelium of the BMSCs injection group were higher than the levels in the phosphate-buffered saline injection group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 112-137 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 0-4 21192080-3 2011 To investigate whether NF-IL6 might be another important transcription factor implicated in this kind of immune-to-brain signaling, rats were injected with LPS (100 mug/kg, intraperitoneally) or phosphate-buffered saline, and brains were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, or Western blot 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours later. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 195-220 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta Rattus norvegicus 23-29 21492407-5 2011 In the interventional experiment, male rats underwent bilateral CN dissection, and anti-rat IL-6 antibody in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or vehicle alone was injected intraperitoneally immediately and 24 hours after CN dissection. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 109-134 interleukin 6 Rattus norvegicus 92-96 21550830-4 2011 METHODS: IGFBPs were incubated with azurocidin in phosphate-buffered saline for 2 h and proteolysis was studied by SDS-PAGE. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 50-75 insulin like growth factor binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 9-15 21550830-4 2011 METHODS: IGFBPs were incubated with azurocidin in phosphate-buffered saline for 2 h and proteolysis was studied by SDS-PAGE. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 50-75 azurocidin 1 Homo sapiens 36-46 21268025-2 2011 A sufficient glucose sensitivity of the copolymer was accomplished by the glucose-induced volume changes of the nanoparticles and release profiles of insulin in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) with different glucose concentrations, which occurred in a remarkable glucose concentration-dependent manner. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 161-186 insulin Homo sapiens 150-157 21775785-2 2011 The INI encapsulated with 6 microm Parylene-C was immersed in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for a period of over 276 days (with the monitoring of the functional device still ongoing). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 62-87 PHD finger protein 5A Homo sapiens 4-7 21591802-4 2011 The concentration of total PSA (t-PSA) (from 0.1 to 1000 pg/mL) in phosphate-buffered saline solution and the normalized fluorescence signal exhibit a linear relationship where the correlation coefficient is 0.9574. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 67-92 kallikrein related peptidase 3 Homo sapiens 27-30 21591802-4 2011 The concentration of total PSA (t-PSA) (from 0.1 to 1000 pg/mL) in phosphate-buffered saline solution and the normalized fluorescence signal exhibit a linear relationship where the correlation coefficient is 0.9574. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 67-92 kallikrein related peptidase 3 Homo sapiens 34-37 21918580-3 2011 Tensile stress-strain analysis of the autoclaved SELP nanofibrous scaffolds in phosphate buffered saline at 37 C revealed a Young"s modulus of 1.02 +- 0.28 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 0.34 +- 0.04 MPa, and a strain at failure of 29% +- 3%. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 79-104 selectin P Homo sapiens 49-53 21094119-3 2011 The method was developed and validated using an isolated heCAT in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.4 and was applied to measure CAT activity in lysed human erythrocytes. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 66-91 catalase Homo sapiens 59-62 20697416-3 2011 RESULTS: Treatment of these animals for 15 days with ZAG (100 mug, intravenously, daily) resulted in a reduction of body weight of 6.55 g compared with phosphate-buffered saline-treated controls, without a change in food or water intake, but with a 0.4 C rise in rectal temperature. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 154-179 alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, zinc Mus musculus 53-56 20937526-6 2011 Rheological study demonstrated that ESHU solution in phosphate-buffered saline initiated phase transition at 32 C and reached maximum elastic modulus at 37 C. The in vitro degradation tests performed in PBS and cholesterol esterase solutions revealed that the polymer was hydrolyzable and the presence of cholesterol esterase greatly accelerated the hydrolysis. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 53-78 carboxyl ester lipase Rattus norvegicus 213-233 20669330-5 2011 Apo2L/TRAIL in HSA-NPs continuously released over 24 h at 37 C in phosphate buffered saline and rat plasma condition, and the biological activity of Apo2L/TRAIL-HSA-NPs was preserved (IC(50) = 67.2 ng/mL versus Apo2L/TRAIL IC(50) = 55.4 ng/mL) with negligible activity loss. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 66-91 TNF superfamily member 10 Rattus norvegicus 6-11 22254394-4 2011 Here we demonstrate that muRC electrodes fabricated from 50 mum diameter microwire have significantly improved charge storage capacity and lowered impedance at physiologically relevant frequencies in phosphate buffered saline solution compared with other designs. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 200-225 caveolae associated protein 4 Homo sapiens 25-29 20937526-6 2011 Rheological study demonstrated that ESHU solution in phosphate-buffered saline initiated phase transition at 32 C and reached maximum elastic modulus at 37 C. The in vitro degradation tests performed in PBS and cholesterol esterase solutions revealed that the polymer was hydrolyzable and the presence of cholesterol esterase greatly accelerated the hydrolysis. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 53-78 carboxyl ester lipase Rattus norvegicus 307-327 21525716-3 2011 Using biophysical methods, we investigated the interaction between the 32-kDa enamelin and recombinant pig amelogenin 148 (rP148) at pH 6.5 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 enamelin Sus scrofa 78-86 21789200-4 2011 Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice were treated with live A. baumannii or phosphate buffered saline (PBS), then intranasally challenged with OVA. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 71-96 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 0-9 22034573-6 2011 METHODS: Ovalbumin-allergized mice and nonallergized mice were injected with phosphate-buffered saline, dendritic cells, or thioperamide-treated dendritic cells. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 77-102 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 9-18 20720575-4 2010 At 1 month post-treatment, the levels of nuclear NF-kappaB in locally treated muscle were decreased by gene transfer with either AAV-CMV-IKKalpha-dn or AAV-CMV-IKKbeta-dn, but not by IKK wild-type controls (IKKalpha and beta) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 229-254 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 49-58 20727341-4 2010 The results show that the concentrations of substance P, dynorphin A, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) change significantly in time when spinal cord tissues are homogenized in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer or PBS buffer containing a mammalian protease inhibitor cocktail but is stabilized when tissues are homogenized in a 0.25% trifluoroacetic acid solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 186-211 tachykinin precursor 1 Homo sapiens 44-55 20727341-4 2010 The results show that the concentrations of substance P, dynorphin A, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) change significantly in time when spinal cord tissues are homogenized in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer or PBS buffer containing a mammalian protease inhibitor cocktail but is stabilized when tissues are homogenized in a 0.25% trifluoroacetic acid solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 186-211 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 74-105 20813405-4 2010 The in vivo biodistribution and diffusion kinetics of Cy5.5-labeled PEG-TRAIL in mice were observed using a near-infrared optical imaging system after subcutaneous injection of three different formulations: PEG-TRAIL in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), nanocomplex in PBS, or nanocomplex in 1% HA solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 220-245 tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 10 Mus musculus 211-216 20727341-4 2010 The results show that the concentrations of substance P, dynorphin A, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) change significantly in time when spinal cord tissues are homogenized in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer or PBS buffer containing a mammalian protease inhibitor cocktail but is stabilized when tissues are homogenized in a 0.25% trifluoroacetic acid solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 186-211 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 107-111 20682338-8 2010 Similar decreases in Abeta were observed in phosphate buffered saline-soluble tissue extracts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 44-69 amyloid beta precursor protein Homo sapiens 21-26 20880761-6 2010 Functional immunosensors were able to detect myoglobin in both phosphate buffered saline and whole serum over the range of concentrations from 10(-13)M to 10(-6)M, and order of magnitude better than avidin/biotin linked immunosensors. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 63-88 myoglobin Homo sapiens 45-54 20652561-5 2010 Binding of mOPN to pre-formed iCOM crystals was also studied in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and ultrafiltered (UF) urine. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 64-89 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Mus musculus 11-15 20220570-6 2010 Treatment of recipient mice with IL-33 results in the improvement of allograft survival (more than 20 days) when compared with phosphate-buffered saline- or glutathione S-transferase-treated groups (all less than 9 days). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 127-152 interleukin 33 Mus musculus 33-38 20090567-6 2010 Furthermore, anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels were dramatically increased in the EPC-treated rats compared with the phosphate buffered saline-treated rats. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 123-148 interleukin 10 Rattus norvegicus 40-45 20644422-7 2010 RESULTS: Animals receiving transplanted HGF-transduced MSCs (group III) exhibited significantly better motor function recovery than animals treated with MSCs alone (group II), which in turn performed better than the phosphate-buffered saline controls at 2 weeks after transplantation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 216-241 hepatocyte growth factor Rattus norvegicus 40-43 20047725-4 2010 Microinjection of KRT18 double-stranded RNA into the cytoplasm of zygotes resulted in reduced KRT18 mRNA (76% reduction) and protein expression at the blastocyst stage and a lower developmental competence (41% reduction in the percentage of blastocyst formation) compared with non-injected and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 294-319 keratin 18 Bos taurus 18-23 20028812-2 2010 We assessed the ability of a phosphate-buffered saline-soluble extract of adult Hymenolepis diminuta to suppress macrophage (human THP-1 cell line, murine peritoneal macrophages) activity in vitro and the impact of treating mice with this extract on colitis induced by dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 29-54 GLI family zinc finger 2 Homo sapiens 131-136 20373787-2 2010 Experimentally, the detection limit of PSPWB was 8.4 x 10(-9) refractive index unit (RIU) and the PSPWB could measure PSA in a phosphate buffered saline solution from 10 fg/mL ( approximately 300 aM) to 100 pg/mL ( approximately 3 pM) successfully, with demonstration of a linear relationship between PSA concentrations and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) signals. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 127-152 kallikrein related peptidase 3 Homo sapiens 118-121 20386278-5 2010 METHODS: Pseudomonas aeruginosa or phosphate-buffered saline was administered intratracheally to pIgR-KO or conventional mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 35-60 polymeric immunoglobulin receptor Mus musculus 97-101 20026673-6 2010 As anticipated, production of interleukin-17, a proinflammatory cytokine commonly found in elevated levels among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, was significantly lower in Ac-PLP-BPI-PEG6- or Ac-PLP-BPI-NH(2)-2-treated mice than in phosphate-buffered saline-treated mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 234-259 proteolipid protein 1 Homo sapiens 177-180 20415783-8 2010 Allergen challenge with ovalbumin induced comparable eosinophilia in bone marrow (BM), blood and lung tissue in both strains of mice compared to phosphate-buffered saline controls, which was confirmed by immunocytochemistry. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 145-170 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 24-33 19911811-4 2009 The sensor performance for CA15-3 detection was first characterized in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer and in fetal calf serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 71-96 mucin 1, cell surface associated Homo sapiens 27-33 19938191-4 2009 Tissue specimens of phosphate buffered saline-perfused liver were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining, Azan staining, Sirius red staining, and immunohistochemical staining (for Kupffer cells and TNF-alpha). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 20-45 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 203-212 19068472-9 2009 XPS and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed that NGF immobilized via the active ester on the PPy-NSE(50) film was stable for up to 5 days in phosphate-buffered saline solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 149-174 nerve growth factor Rattus norvegicus 57-60 19839790-6 2009 The higher the pH of the phosphate buffered saline, the greater the amount of cumulative release of insulin-loaded NOCC nanoparticles, and thus they could protect insulin from acid. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 25-50 insulin Homo sapiens 100-107 19839790-6 2009 The higher the pH of the phosphate buffered saline, the greater the amount of cumulative release of insulin-loaded NOCC nanoparticles, and thus they could protect insulin from acid. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 25-50 insulin Homo sapiens 163-170 19788219-1 2009 We studied the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) from phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) to hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 61-86 albumin Homo sapiens 36-49 19801846-5 2009 In rounded cells on TNX, phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was diminished compared with that in cells on control phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 126-151 tenascin XB Mus musculus 20-23 19068472-9 2009 XPS and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed that NGF immobilized via the active ester on the PPy-NSE(50) film was stable for up to 5 days in phosphate-buffered saline solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 149-174 enolase 2 Rattus norvegicus 105-108 19692918-12 2009 In the samples taken from the control and phosphate-buffered saline groups at 7 days, there was negative staining for TM. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 42-67 thrombomodulin Rattus norvegicus 118-120 19463774-5 2009 When mice were pretreated with 2 x 10(6) F.VIII-pulsed immature DCre (deficient nuclear factor-kappaB nuclear protein binding, low CD80, low CD86, high interleukin [IL]-10 phenotype) 7 days before rF.VIII challenge, anti-F.VIII was reduced on day 6 and on day 8, 0.1 +/- 0.0 (Bethesda units/mL) vs control phosphate-buffered saline-treated hemophilia A mice, 2.0 +/- 0.1 Bethesda units/mL, p < 0.01. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 306-331 coagulation factor VIII Mus musculus 41-47 19687708-10 2009 Systematic delivery of hTRAIL-engineered MSCs to established human brainstem glioma xenografts resulted in the potent induction of apoptosis in gliomas, but not in normal brain and prolonged survival to 38.0 +/- 10.46 days compared with phosphate-buffered saline (16.0 +/- 0.66 days), soluble TRAIL (19.0 +/- 1.65 days), and hMSC-LacZ (14.0 +/- 0.59 days) treated groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 237-262 TNF superfamily member 10 Homo sapiens 23-29 19687708-10 2009 Systematic delivery of hTRAIL-engineered MSCs to established human brainstem glioma xenografts resulted in the potent induction of apoptosis in gliomas, but not in normal brain and prolonged survival to 38.0 +/- 10.46 days compared with phosphate-buffered saline (16.0 +/- 0.66 days), soluble TRAIL (19.0 +/- 1.65 days), and hMSC-LacZ (14.0 +/- 0.59 days) treated groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 237-262 TNF superfamily member 10 Homo sapiens 24-29 19669960-4 2009 injection of mucin-pretreated staphylococci in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or of PBS alone was performed in 93 male Wistar rats. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 47-72 solute carrier family 13 member 2 Rattus norvegicus 13-18 19487407-6 2009 Most worryingly, as used in this study, several Lp(a) kits detected Lp(a) in a solution of 5% bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 118-143 lipoprotein(a) Homo sapiens 48-53 19487407-6 2009 Most worryingly, as used in this study, several Lp(a) kits detected Lp(a) in a solution of 5% bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 118-143 lipoprotein(a) Homo sapiens 68-73 19446189-4 2009 In a sub-lethal pneumonia model using a serotype 3 pneumococcal strain, bacterial density in the lungs of mice was significantly reduced in mice administered PspA plus each TLR agonist, compared with mice administered either PspA alone or phosphate-buffered saline alone 3h after bacterial challenge. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 239-264 surfactant associated protein A1 Mus musculus 158-162 19289095-8 2009 In addition, omalizumab and IgE formed different complexes in serum than in phosphate-buffered saline in terms of both size and affinity. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 76-101 immunoglobulin heavy constant epsilon Homo sapiens 28-31 18790619-3 2008 The pulsatile (on-off) drug release from the NIPA emulsion gel loading indomethacin to a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution was successfully controlled by a temperature swing between 25 degrees C (release off) and 40 degrees C (release on). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 89-114 zinc finger C3HC-type containing 1 Homo sapiens 45-49 19082426-1 2008 To test the hypothesis that exogenous purified angiotensin II (ANG) might cause apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and acute lung injury, male Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with purified ANG (10 mumol/L), ANG plus the caspase inhibitor ZVAD-fmk (60 mumol/L), ANG plus the ANG receptor AT1 antagonist losartan (LOS, 100 mumol/L) or sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) vehicle alone. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 363-388 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 47-61 19269600-5 2009 The vitrigel scaffold delivery system exhibited sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and >80% of the total bone morphogenetic protein-2 was still retained in the vitrigel after 15 days in phosphate-buffered saline in vitro. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 204-229 bone morphogenetic protein 2 Mus musculus 123-151 18823773-3 2009 Experimentally, this fiber-optic biosensor is able to detect AFP concentration in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution from 0.1ng/mL to 100ng/mL whereas the linear relationship between the AFP concentrations and the fluorescence signals is shown. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 82-107 alpha fetoprotein Homo sapiens 61-64 18947194-7 2008 With the optimal fabrication parameters, the detection limit for IL-5 was 10 fg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and 1 pg/mL in 1% human serum with good specificity and a dynamic range of 3 orders of magnitude. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 86-111 interleukin 5 Homo sapiens 65-69 18602391-4 2008 G-CSF (100 microg/kg/day in 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS control) was immediately administered after ON crush for 5 days by subcutaneous injection. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 35-60 colony stimulating factor 3 Rattus norvegicus 0-5 18178356-6 2008 The antibody binding of CRP was evaluated in two physiological buffers, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and Dulbecco"s PBS (DPBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 72-97 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 24-27 18823135-5 2008 In this study operating windows were established for 1-dodecanethiol-based SAMs in phosphate buffer, phosphate-buffered saline, and sodium hydroxide solution, and selective SAM removal was successfully performed in a four-electrode configuration. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 101-126 methionine adenosyltransferase 1A Homo sapiens 75-79 18221260-7 2008 RESULTS: Injections of A beta into the retrosplenial cortex resulted in a significant reduction in M2mAChR-immunoreactivity in the CA1 ipsilateral to the A beta-injected side as compared with the corresponding hemisphere of non-treated control animals and with that in the corresponding region of the CA1 in the phosphate-buffered saline-injected side. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 312-337 amyloid beta precursor protein Rattus norvegicus 23-29 18616985-5 2008 Adult male Wistar rats received a unilateral microinjection of 4% CTb in phosphate-buffered saline into the basolateral amygdaloid complex. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 73-98 phosphate cytidylyltransferase 1B, choline Rattus norvegicus 66-69 18779669-6 2008 RESULTS: Significant reductions of staining scores and higher corneal epithelial thickness values were observed in both ApoA-1- and ApoA-1 + DP-treated groups compared with untreated dry-eye mouse and phosphate-buffered saline-treated group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 201-226 apolipoprotein A-I Mus musculus 120-126 18779669-6 2008 RESULTS: Significant reductions of staining scores and higher corneal epithelial thickness values were observed in both ApoA-1- and ApoA-1 + DP-treated groups compared with untreated dry-eye mouse and phosphate-buffered saline-treated group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 201-226 apolipoprotein A-I Mus musculus 132-138 18590911-1 2008 Using a quartz crystal resonator system operating at 5 MHz the shear wave propagating properties of bovine serum albumin (BSA) have been monitored as it is adsorbed on a gold surface from a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 190-215 albumin Homo sapiens 107-120 18562112-1 2008 Atomic force microscope (AFM) was exploited to take picture of the molecular topology of C-reactive protein (CRP) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 117-142 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 89-107 18562112-1 2008 Atomic force microscope (AFM) was exploited to take picture of the molecular topology of C-reactive protein (CRP) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 117-142 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 109-112 18509865-3 2008 RESULTS: We have shown a significant decrease in claudin-5 mRNA levels 24 and 48 hours post-delivery of siRNA, with levels of protein expression decreasing up to 48 hours post-injection compared to uninjected, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected and non-targeting siRNA-injected mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 210-235 claudin 5 Mus musculus 49-58 18351710-4 2008 The chemical and enzymatic stability of the fructose-derived glycated products of Leu- and Met-enkephalin was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) and in human serum at 37 degrees C. The obtained results revealed that glycation increases the stability of the parent peptide to enzymatic degradation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 121-146 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-105 18235973-5 2008 Mice with CIA at weeks 1, 2, and 4 after intra-articular injection of AdmIL-18BP/mIL-4 showed significantly increased serum concentrations of IL-4 and IL-10 (P<0.01 at all time points) but greatly decreased serum concentrations of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-18 (P<0.01 at all time points) compared to both the control adenovirus and phosphate-buffered saline control groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 341-366 interleukin 4 Mus musculus 81-86 18599961-8 2008 If a brain section was rinsed with phosphate buffered saline containing 0.1% Triton X-100, most LPS/IFN-gamma-activated THP-1 cells failed to adhere. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 35-60 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 100-109 18067924-7 2008 Echocardiographic analysis at 4 wk post-MI to assess left ventricular (LV) function revealed that LV ejection fraction was increased in the HGF treated group compared with the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control group. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 176-201 hepatocyte growth factor Rattus norvegicus 140-143 18484740-10 2008 IL-6 but not IL-1beta determinations were lower in both saline and phosphate-buffered saline as compared to vaginal fluid matrix, with no significant effect of pH. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 67-92 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 0-4 18346003-8 2008 DT390-IL-18-SRalpha-treated mice showed a delayed manifestation of EAE and decreased symptoms compared to the mice treated with plasmid DT390-SRalpha or phosphate-buffered saline alone. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 153-178 interleukin 18 Mus musculus 6-11 18705404-6 2008 Adenovirus-mediated CD40 ligand therapy induced significant apoptosis effects on ovarian cancer cells derived from fresh surgical specimens in vitro compared to null adenovirus vector and phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 188-213 CD40 molecule Homo sapiens 20-24 18235973-5 2008 Mice with CIA at weeks 1, 2, and 4 after intra-articular injection of AdmIL-18BP/mIL-4 showed significantly increased serum concentrations of IL-4 and IL-10 (P<0.01 at all time points) but greatly decreased serum concentrations of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-18 (P<0.01 at all time points) compared to both the control adenovirus and phosphate-buffered saline control groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 341-366 interleukin 4 Mus musculus 82-86 18235973-5 2008 Mice with CIA at weeks 1, 2, and 4 after intra-articular injection of AdmIL-18BP/mIL-4 showed significantly increased serum concentrations of IL-4 and IL-10 (P<0.01 at all time points) but greatly decreased serum concentrations of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-18 (P<0.01 at all time points) compared to both the control adenovirus and phosphate-buffered saline control groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 341-366 interleukin 18 Mus musculus 73-78 18361482-4 2008 IGF-1-incorporated mineralized scaffolds demonstrated slow controlled release over a 30 day period when they were incubated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37 degrees C. Bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) function on three different types of scaffolds, such as control (non-mineralized) scaffolds, mineralized scaffolds, and IGF-1-incorporated mineralized scaffolds was also investigated. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 127-152 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 18094115-11 2008 Upon in vivo stimulation with IFN-gamma, c-fms levels decreased while Gr-1 levels increased compared to in vivo, unstimulated, phosphate-buffered saline-injected controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 127-152 interferon gamma Mus musculus 30-39 17992679-8 2008 This newly synthesized compound exhibited a 57% increase in the r(1) relaxivity in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with 4.5% w/v human serum albumin (HSA) in the presence of beta-galactosidase. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 83-108 albumin Homo sapiens 135-148 17992679-8 2008 This newly synthesized compound exhibited a 57% increase in the r(1) relaxivity in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with 4.5% w/v human serum albumin (HSA) in the presence of beta-galactosidase. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 83-108 galactosidase beta 1 Homo sapiens 174-192 17685580-4 2007 Although the presence of salts in the media significantly impaired the dispersibility of the oxSWNHs, the oxSWNHs/20PEG-NHBP complexes were well dispersed in both the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and cell culture medium. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 167-192 filamin A Homo sapiens 120-124 18756387-6 2008 More than 99% of bFGF was encapsulated and the release from the agarose hydrogel particles was less than 3% during the incubation in phosphate buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 133-158 fibroblast growth factor 2 Homo sapiens 17-21 18476520-14 2007 Rev-caspase-3 treatment significantly prolonged survival, the mean survival duration was (213 +/- 16) days, and suppressed tumor growth (tumor growth suppression rate was 70%), when compared with treatment with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 211-236 REV3 like, DNA directed polymerase zeta catalytic subunit Mus musculus 0-3 18224289-12 2007 TauBr administered extracellularly in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) shifted the IkappaBalpha band at a relatively low concentration of 50 muM. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 38-63 NFKB inhibitor alpha Homo sapiens 82-94 17804539-3 2007 We administered daily injections of murine IL-2 (0.4 mug in phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]) to pregnant mice during mid-gestation, and analyzed their offspring (IL-2 pups) in comparison to offspring of pregnant mice injected with vehicle only (PBS pups). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 60-85 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 43-47 17541016-6 2007 Bronchoalveolar lavage demonstrated a marked increase in eosinophils and lymphocytes in ovalbumin-treated Plg(+/+) mice, which were reduced to phosphate-buffered saline-treated control levels in Plg(+/-) or Plg(-/-) mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 88-97 17541016-6 2007 Bronchoalveolar lavage demonstrated a marked increase in eosinophils and lymphocytes in ovalbumin-treated Plg(+/+) mice, which were reduced to phosphate-buffered saline-treated control levels in Plg(+/-) or Plg(-/-) mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 plasminogen Mus musculus 195-198 17541016-6 2007 Bronchoalveolar lavage demonstrated a marked increase in eosinophils and lymphocytes in ovalbumin-treated Plg(+/+) mice, which were reduced to phosphate-buffered saline-treated control levels in Plg(+/-) or Plg(-/-) mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 plasminogen Mus musculus 195-198 17582434-3 2007 This study demonstrates that monosialoganglioside GM1 (GM1) released from damaged neurons catalyzes the formation of Abeta fibrils, the toxicity and the cell affinity of which are much stronger than those of Abeta fibrils formed in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 232-257 amyloid beta precursor protein Rattus norvegicus 208-213 17490818-4 2007 On the other hand, the photophysical properties of the glycoconjugated porphyrins also depends on the sugar moieties in physiological media such as phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 10 wt.% bovine serum albumin (BSA). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 148-173 albumin Homo sapiens 206-219 17368869-2 2007 Here, we report on the transport enhancing properties of mixtures of an anionic surfactant, sodium lauroylsarcosinate (NLS) and a non-ionic surfactant, sorbitan monolaurate (S20) in 1:1 phosphate buffered saline (PBS):ethanol (EtOH) solvent. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 186-211 ribosomal protein S20 Homo sapiens 174-177 17324393-9 2007 ASB activity was markedly reduced when phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was used as buffer, consistent with inhibition of sulfatase activity by phosphate. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 39-64 arylsulfatase B Homo sapiens 0-3 17324393-9 2007 ASB activity was markedly reduced when phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was used as buffer, consistent with inhibition of sulfatase activity by phosphate. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 39-64 arylsulfatase family member H Homo sapiens 121-130 17166611-7 2007 Most (83%) of the rHSA in cocoons was extracted with phosphate buffered saline, which was then subjected to ammonium sulfate precipitation and affinity chromatography. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 53-78 CD24 molecule Rattus norvegicus 18-22 17270031-5 2007 In mice treated with phosphate-buffered saline, 40-60% of MC38/IL-2 tumors were rejected. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 21-46 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 63-67 17118987-7 2007 rCPAF+IL-12-vaccinated mice displayed significantly reduced bacterial shedding upon chlamydial challenge and accelerated resolution of infection compared to mock-immunized (phosphate-buffered saline) animals. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 173-198 interleukin 12B Rattus norvegicus 0-11 17201168-7 2006 As compared to tumors of control mice with intratumoral phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injections, tumors of the ME-A and ME-M treated groups showed a decreased cell proliferation rate, as well as an increased cell necrosis and apoptosis rate. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 56-81 meander tail Mus musculus 114-118 17010357-4 2006 Zeta potentials of unmodified HAp and modified HAp in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solutions (pH 7.4, ionic strength = 10 mM) were negative and decreased with increasing the amount of grafted PVPA. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 54-79 retinoic acid receptor beta Homo sapiens 47-50 16777417-4 2006 Evaluation in cytotoxicity assays, Boc-lysinated-betulonic acid dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 22% ethanol and 4% human serum albumin, has shown 95.7% inhibition of LNCaP prostate cancer cells in culture after 72 h incubation at a concentration of 100 microM, but with little effect on normally proliferating fibroblast cells. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 77-102 BOC cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated Homo sapiens 35-38 16847591-3 2006 An ELISA (sensitivity = 0.5 ng C4/ml) was used to measure C4 in regional brain homogenates from Fischer rats cardiac-perfused with phosphate buffered saline to remove cerebrovascular contents, and from sham-perfused rats. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 131-156 complement C4A Rattus norvegicus 58-60 16721757-7 2006 In vitro release of EPO in phosphate buffered saline at 37 degrees C showed that EPO was released rapidly for 2 days and then slowly up to 4 days from HA-ADH hydrogels. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 27-52 erythropoietin Rattus norvegicus 20-23 16721757-7 2006 In vitro release of EPO in phosphate buffered saline at 37 degrees C showed that EPO was released rapidly for 2 days and then slowly up to 4 days from HA-ADH hydrogels. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 27-52 erythropoietin Rattus norvegicus 81-84 16691201-6 2006 In contrast, the lesional skin of MCP-1-/- mice exhibited a dermal architecture similar to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected control and normal skin, with few inflammatory cells. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 91-116 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 Mus musculus 34-39 16299278-7 2005 Experiments showed that GAS colonization of NALT was significantly reduced following intranasal immunization of mice with recombinant SCPA protein administered alone or with cholera toxin, whereas a high degree of GAS colonization of NALT was observed in control mice immunized with phosphate-buffered saline only. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 283-308 NOTCH1 associated lncRNA in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1 Homo sapiens 44-48 16647066-4 2006 The experimental component of the study involved examination of the effect of different sized crowding agents on the thermally induced denaturation of cytochrome c [in phosphate buffered saline solution containing 1.0M guanidinium hydrochloride at pH 7.0]. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 168-193 cytochrome c, somatic Homo sapiens 151-163 15905085-4 2006 Binding of CRP to Fab"-fragment/polymer layers produced in phosphate buffered saline decreased with NaCl salt concentration. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 59-84 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 11-14 15905085-4 2006 Binding of CRP to Fab"-fragment/polymer layers produced in phosphate buffered saline decreased with NaCl salt concentration. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 59-84 FA complementation group B Homo sapiens 18-21 16378437-1 2006 Interaction forces between surfaces designed to be protein resistant and fibrinogen (Fg) were investigated in phosphate-buffered saline with colloid probe atomic force microscopy. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 110-135 fibrinogen beta chain Homo sapiens 73-83 16393272-11 2006 PKGM also attenuated the induction of epsilon germline transcription and mRNA for IFN-gamma and T bet in the spleen of phosphate-buffered saline-injected control mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 119-144 interferon gamma Mus musculus 82-91 16393272-11 2006 PKGM also attenuated the induction of epsilon germline transcription and mRNA for IFN-gamma and T bet in the spleen of phosphate-buffered saline-injected control mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 119-144 T-box 21 Mus musculus 96-101 16051303-4 2005 Initially, we investigated the ability of the molecular adjuvant C3d to enhance antibody responses to variant gp120 glycoproteins in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 133-158 endogenous retrovirus group K member 13 Homo sapiens 65-68 16051303-4 2005 Initially, we investigated the ability of the molecular adjuvant C3d to enhance antibody responses to variant gp120 glycoproteins in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 133-158 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 110-115 15909296-4 2005 Impregnation of EGF and bFGF into the dried hydrogels was carried out by use of phosphate buffered saline solution (PBS, pH = 7.4) containing 0.5 microg mL(-1) EGF and 0.1 microg mL(-1) bFGF, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 80-105 epidermal growth factor like 1 Rattus norvegicus 16-19 16143573-1 2005 beta-Lactoglobulin (beta-LG) denatured with 6 M guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) containing a reducing agent and subsequently dialysed against phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) resulted in incomplete refolding of this protein despite the fact that the biological activity for retinol-binding was recovered to almost the same degree as that of the native molecule [Hattori, M., Ametani, A., Katakura, Y., Shimizu, M., Kaminogawa, S. J., Biol. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 beta-lactoglobulin Bos taurus 0-18 16143573-1 2005 beta-Lactoglobulin (beta-LG) denatured with 6 M guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) containing a reducing agent and subsequently dialysed against phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) resulted in incomplete refolding of this protein despite the fact that the biological activity for retinol-binding was recovered to almost the same degree as that of the native molecule [Hattori, M., Ametani, A., Katakura, Y., Shimizu, M., Kaminogawa, S. J., Biol. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 beta-lactoglobulin Bos taurus 20-27 16171385-1 2005 We describe herein the characterization of the equilibrium point for A beta(1-40) amyloid fibril elongation in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 degrees C. Seeded fibril elongation progresses rapidly to a reproducible end point of 0.7-1.0 microM unpolymerized monomeric peptide. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 111-136 amyloid beta precursor protein Homo sapiens 69-75 15864591-3 2005 In vitro release profiles of clusterin ASO into phosphate-buffered saline at 37 degrees C were obtained under sink conditions and assayed by anionic exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 48-73 clusterin Mus musculus 29-38 15894564-3 2005 Infusion of GLP-1 into the third cerebral ventricle (i3vt) at a dose of 1 mug significantly decreased the initial 1 h cumulative food intake in rats as compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 166-191 glucagon Rattus norvegicus 12-17 15909296-4 2005 Impregnation of EGF and bFGF into the dried hydrogels was carried out by use of phosphate buffered saline solution (PBS, pH = 7.4) containing 0.5 microg mL(-1) EGF and 0.1 microg mL(-1) bFGF, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 80-105 fibroblast growth factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 24-28 15917509-8 2005 In phosphate-buffered saline plus ATP and 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate, the apparent Km for ribavirin is 88 microM, and k(cat) is 4.0 min-1. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 3-28 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 129-134 15965602-4 2005 The remainder bovine serum albumin (BSA) in cross-linked 5(heparin/BSA) multilayer films dipped in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) was more than 90% in 40 days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 99-124 albumin Homo sapiens 21-34 15957205-5 2005 The affinity of OC to the BAp coating was examined using a 20-h elution test in phosphate-buffered saline and only a minimal amount (<10%) of the loaded OC was eluted out. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 80-105 bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein Homo sapiens 16-18 15957205-5 2005 The affinity of OC to the BAp coating was examined using a 20-h elution test in phosphate-buffered saline and only a minimal amount (<10%) of the loaded OC was eluted out. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 80-105 prohibitin 2 Homo sapiens 26-29 15917530-8 2005 Cytotoxicity assays determined that, at 100 microM peptide concentrations, MUC7 12-mer-D and 12-mer-L caused 3.5 and 4.3% hemolysis in phosphate-buffered saline and no toxicity to the HOK-16B cell line (derived from normal human oral keratinocytes). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 135-160 mucin 7, secreted Homo sapiens 75-79 15845920-1 2005 The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of insulin and IGF-I on protein synthesis and translation initiation in C2C12 myotubes in nutrient-deprived Dulbecco"s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 177-202 insulin Homo sapiens 61-68 15942585-12 2005 Saphenous vein grafts treated with adenovirus encoding for PTEN demonstrated reduced intimal area compared with those treated with empty adenovirus and phosphate-buffered saline (1.39 +/- 0.11 vs 2.35 +/- 0.3 and 2.57 +/- 0.4 mm 2 , P < .05), and the intima/media ratio was lower in saphenous vein grafts treated with adenovirus encoding for PTEN (0.50 +/- 0.05 vs 1.43 +/- 0.18 and 1.11 +/- 0.14, P < .005). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 152-177 phosphatase and tensin homolog Canis lupus familiaris 59-63 15930002-3 2005 The R(9) tag diminishes the conformational stability of RNase A (DeltaT(m)=-8 degrees C in phosphate-buffered saline). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 91-116 ribonuclease A family member 1, pancreatic Homo sapiens 56-63 15867585-7 2005 (2) Chronic model: IL-10 mice were treated with Nissle1917 or phosphate-buffered saline for 8 weeks. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 62-87 interleukin 10 Mus musculus 19-24 15845920-1 2005 The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of insulin and IGF-I on protein synthesis and translation initiation in C2C12 myotubes in nutrient-deprived Dulbecco"s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 177-202 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 73-78 15787626-5 2005 The K(d) values for phosphate buffered saline solution (PBS) and hydroxyethylpiperazine ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) were 2.8 x 10(-7) M and 3.2 x 10(-7) M, respectively, which indicate a high affinity between IgG and the immobilized protein L. The amount of protein adsorbed per amount of protein loaded was high for anti-Sm (44%) and anti-dsDNA (46%), but low for anti-SS-B/La (9%). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 20-45 small RNA binding exonuclease protection factor La Homo sapiens 370-377 15892613-7 2005 Incubation of GRY (25 microM) for 4-14 days at 37 degrees C in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.0, or in PBS containing urea (0.8 M), pH 6.5, leads to amyloid fibril formation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 63-88 trafficking protein particle complex subunit 11 Homo sapiens 14-17 15688357-9 2005 For the temperatures considered in this study, there was no affect on the calibration curve, but temperature did affect the pHi value of cells in phosphate buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 146-171 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 1 Mus musculus 124-127 15716240-5 2005 Myoglobin in acidic phosphate-buffered saline was significantly more stable than in acidic urine, indicating that urinary factors in addition to pH are involved in myoglobin instability. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 20-45 myoglobin Homo sapiens 0-9 15658127-11 2005 In the rat SCI model, neurological function improved significantly in the GM-CSF-treated group compared with controls treated with phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 131-156 colony stimulating factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 74-80 15666410-4 2005 These methods were developed using the plasma protein fibrinogen in a phosphate-buffered saline solution on grade IV muscovite mica and highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrates. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 70-95 fibrinogen beta chain Homo sapiens 54-64 17038834-6 2005 Relative to vaccination with either gB or pp65 pDNA delivered alone, vaccination with gB and pp65 pDNAs delivered together in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) elicited reduced antibody and T cell responses to each antigen. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 126-151 lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1 Mus musculus 93-97 15477493-4 2005 The results showed first that a significant increase in the number of neutrophils was seen in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of IL-17F-transduced mice, concomitant with increased expression of genes encoding C-X-C chemokines and inflammatory cytokines when compared with mock and phosphate-buffered saline control animals. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 283-308 interleukin 17F Mus musculus 131-137 16626091-11 2005 In the rat SCI model, neurologic functions improved significantly in the GM-CSF-administered group versus the phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-treated control. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 110-135 colony stimulating factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 73-79 15298573-3 2004 METHODS: We have used an ovalbumin (OVA) model of allergic airway inflammation, which involves sensitization of animals with OVA adsorbed in alum adjuvant followed by an intranasal challenge with OVA in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 203-228 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 25-34 15519362-4 2004 By semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis, long-lasting enhanced expression of the beta-CGRP mRNA was shown in the lungs of the AI rats (14.5-fold enhancement at 6 hr, 8.1-fold at 24 hr, and 3.7-fold at 120 hr after OVA-challenge compared to the level in the lungs of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-challenged control rats). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 262-287 calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha Rattus norvegicus 82-86 15350583-5 2004 Twenty microg of MLC2v-Fluc plasmid DNA in phosphate-buffered saline was directly injected into mouse myocardium through a midline sternotomy. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 43-68 myosin, light polypeptide 2, regulatory, cardiac, slow Mus musculus 17-22 14688097-8 2004 C. neoformans challenge of P13-protein conjugate-vaccinated and control G2 mice induced anamnestic IgG- and VH3-positive responses to GXM and was associated with a significantly decreased risk of death and a prolongation of survival in P13-DT-vaccinated mice compared to phosphate-buffered saline-treated or protein carrier-vaccinated mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 271-296 H3 histone pseudogene 6 Homo sapiens 27-30 15238224-8 2004 In leptin-treated rats, leptin mRNA concentrations were significantly decreased in phase 2 of fasting (by 85%) from levels in control phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated rats in both tissues. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 134-159 leptin Rattus norvegicus 3-9 15238224-8 2004 In leptin-treated rats, leptin mRNA concentrations were significantly decreased in phase 2 of fasting (by 85%) from levels in control phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated rats in both tissues. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 134-159 leptin Rattus norvegicus 24-30 15161630-8 2004 These experiments also demonstrated an increase in the rate of repair of the contralateral phosphate-buffered saline-treated wound when compared to wounds in diabetic mice never exposed to VEGF (18 days versus 25 days), suggesting that topical VEGF had a systemic effect. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 91-116 vascular endothelial growth factor A Mus musculus 244-248 15140052-6 2004 In our experiments on the protective and therapeutic effects on lung metastasis, mice vaccinated with fusion/IL-2 fusion/LacZ or fusion showed a significant reduction in pulmonary metastasis compared with those given DCs, tumour or phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 232-257 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 109-113 15026813-6 2004 We found that immunisation of C57BL/6 mice with TNF autovaccine produces a 100-fold antibody response to TNF compared to immunisation with phosphate-buffered saline vehicle control and significantly reduces both the number (P<0.01) and size of metastases (P<0.01) of B16F10 melanoma cells. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 139-164 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 48-51 15156262-5 2004 Group 1 (n = 6) was injected with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and served as controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 64-89 albumin Mus musculus 41-54 15144577-6 2004 However, when the vector was coinjected with bFGF, the right striatum showed an average viral transduction volume of 5 mm(3), which was more than 4-fold larger when compared with the left side (AAV-2-TK plus phosphate-buffered saline). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 208-233 fibroblast growth factor 2 Homo sapiens 45-49 14648327-8 2004 Bone discs from these animals were used in the bioassay system and calcium uptake was markedly reduced compared with discs from rats injected with phosphate-buffered saline [AT II 6.6 x 10(-9), E/C 0.10 (0.04), P<0.001, AT II 3.3 x 10(-8), E/C 0.10 (0.05), P<0.001]. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 147-172 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 174-179 14964784-6 2004 The bound methotrexate-peptide analogs were equilibrated with a protein mixture consisting of bovine albumin, chicken albumin, folate binding protein, lysozyme, lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase precursor in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and then after magnetically separating and washing the supports of any unbound components the bound protein was removed either through the photocleavage of the tethered methotrexate-peptide ligand or via exchange with soluble methotrexate. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 206-231 lactoperoxidase Gallus gallus 177-192 14760935-6 2003 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: BALB/c mice were shown to be biased to develop strong Th2 polarised immune responses using Th0 stimulation of purified CD4+ T cells from phosphate-buffered saline-treated mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 162-187 heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 Mus musculus 79-82 15370799-3 2004 TGF-beta 1 dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline was injected locally at the repair site using two different doses, and outcomes in both groups were compared to that in the control group given phosphate-buffered saline only. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 24-49 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-10 12824234-6 2003 The combination of SP (1 mM) and IGF-1 (1 micro g/mL) in phosphate-buffered saline was administered in eye drops six times daily. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 57-82 insulin-like growth factor 1 Rattus norvegicus 33-38 14566248-8 2003 Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were also significantly reduced in the R9 treatment group compared with the phosphate-buffered saline category (160 +/- 30 versus 205 +/- 38, P =.007). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 111-136 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 0-27 12809772-2 2003 About 20% of the FGF-2molecules were released from the FGF-2-incorporated chitosan hydrogel into phosphate buffered saline (PBS) within 1 day, after which no further significant release occurred under in vitro non-degradation conditions of the hydrogel. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 97-122 fibroblast growth factor 2 Mus musculus 17-22 12809772-2 2003 About 20% of the FGF-2molecules were released from the FGF-2-incorporated chitosan hydrogel into phosphate buffered saline (PBS) within 1 day, after which no further significant release occurred under in vitro non-degradation conditions of the hydrogel. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 97-122 fibroblast growth factor 2 Mus musculus 55-60 12670364-5 2003 RESULTS: B19 displayed quite different inactivation kinetics to CPV when both were heated in liquid at 60 degrees C. In sharp contrast to the latter, B19 was rapidly inactivated within 1 h when the virus was suspended in 5% or 25% human serum albumin solution, phosphate-buffered saline, or complete medium. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 261-286 eva-1 homolog C Homo sapiens 9-12 12915219-4 2003 The stability of recombinant AAT was examined by biochemical and functional assays, such as SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, ELISA, elastase and trypsin inhibition, following exposure to heat, low pH, and in vitro digestion, conducted in both phosphate buffered saline and infant formula. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 238-263 serpin family A member 1 Homo sapiens 29-32 12749935-2 2003 Based on the results of an in vitro transmigration system, human recombinant interleukin-8 (rhIL-8; 1.25 microg per mare and 5 microg per cow in 50 ml phosphate-buffered saline) was used to attract polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes (PMNs) into the uteri. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 151-176 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 77-90 12700241-5 2003 Analysis of brain protein extracts reveals the presence of a 90-kDa glycosylated protein in the phosphate-buffered saline-insoluble 100000 x g fraction that reacts with antisera against both phosphacan and a recombinant PSI protein and that has the predicted N-terminal sequence. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 96-121 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z1 Homo sapiens 191-201 12747733-3 2003 Here, we show that when cells are kept in cell culture media during exposure to UVA, stress kinases, including ERK 1 and ERK 2 as well as Akt (protein kinase B), are activated, whereas there is no or only minor activation when cells are kept in phosphate-buffered saline during irradiation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 245-270 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens 111-116 12678663-2 2003 On day 5 of incubation, 0.1 microg or 1 microg of recombinant mice leptin in 50 microl of phosphate buffered saline were injected into the albumen of eggs. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 90-115 leptin Mus musculus 67-73 12571640-2 2003 Three weeks after injecting the vector into cerebral cortex and striatum on one side, temporary focal ischemia was induced by occlusion of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery for 90 min, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. BCL-w expression was increased in cerebral cortex and striatum--and in neurons, astroglia and endothelial cells--in the brains of rats that received the rAAV-BCL-w vector, compared to rats given phosphate-buffered saline or a control vector containing the gene for green fluorescent protein. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 419-444 Bcl2-like 2 Rattus norvegicus 224-229 12637153-3 2003 The normal lymphocytes were removed almost completely by phosphate buffered saline (Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) free) (PBS(-)) from lectin-affinity column. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 57-82 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lectin Glycine max 122-128 12520190-4 2003 The addition of AGPs including human AGP facilitated the passage of human erythrocytes with an average diameter of 7.2 microm suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) through a 5 microm wide microchannel; hemolysis was suppressed after the passage. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 139-164 alkylglycerone phosphate synthase Homo sapiens 16-20 12524469-3 2003 In contrast, both low and high fat-fed leptin-infused mice were less fat than their phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) controls after 13 days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 84-109 leptin Mus musculus 39-45 12581423-4 2003 We found that thymosin beta 4 in either phosphate-buffered saline or a hydrogel formulation is active in promoting dermal wound repair in normal rats. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 40-65 thymosin beta 4, X-linked Rattus norvegicus 14-29 12581423-5 2003 In diabetic mice, where healing is delayed, we found that wound contracture and collagen deposition were significantly increased in the mice treated with thymosin beta 4 in either phosphate buffered saline solution or a hydrogel formulation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 180-205 thymosin, beta 4, X chromosome Mus musculus 154-169 11839479-3 2002 Glucose oxidase (GOx) is entrapped during the electropolymerization of a poly(m-phenylenediamine) (PMPD) film in an acetate buffer (AB) solution, on which a highly interference-resistive PMPD film is deposited in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 215-240 hydroxyacid oxidase 1 Homo sapiens 0-15 12125080-6 2002 Animals receiving GDNF treatment showed significant improvement over phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated controls on the Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale (P < 0.01-0.001). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 69-94 glial cell derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 18-22 12162818-5 2002 Compared with phosphate-buffered saline-injected controls, the mice receiving Ad-hLAL had increased hepatic LAL activity, decreased hepatomegaly, and normalization of histopathology. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 14-39 lipase A, lysosomal acid type Homo sapiens 81-85 12162818-5 2002 Compared with phosphate-buffered saline-injected controls, the mice receiving Ad-hLAL had increased hepatic LAL activity, decreased hepatomegaly, and normalization of histopathology. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 14-39 lysosomal acid lipase A Mus musculus 82-85 12393935-9 2002 A 1:1 mixture of CSF plus apoE epsilon 3-containing conditioned medium is associated with diminished Ass(1-40) /epsilon;3 complex formation to a greater extent than that observed when an identical volume of phosphate-buffered saline is added to apoE epsilon;3 medium. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 207-232 apolipoprotein E Homo sapiens 26-30 12010247-3 2002 They were then treated by an intracavernosal injection with 4 microg of VEGF in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or PBS alone. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 80-105 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 72-76 12028808-2 2002 Ovalbumin-sensitized mice were challenged with either ovalbumin ("asthmatic") or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) aerosols for 3 successive days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 81-106 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 0-9 11890674-5 2002 They were then treated with intracavernous injection of 4 microg of VEGF in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or PBS alone. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 76-101 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 68-72 12512896-4 2002 Group 1 animals (n = 5) underwent direct placement of FGF-1 in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (20 pg/mL) soaked Gelfoam pledgets to the right round window membrane. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 63-88 fibroblast growth factor 1 Cavia porcellus 54-59 12234249-10 2002 Immunisation of chickens with the mouse IgG alone, dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline, resulted in a slow antibody titre development. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 64-89 immunoglobulin heavy variable V1-62 Mus musculus 40-43 11786541-8 2002 The activation of macrophages also resulted in the extracellular production of PGD(2), which was associated with a significant increase in the extracellular 15d-PGJ(2) levels, and the extracellular 15d-PGJ(2) production was reproduced by incubating PGD(2) in a cell-free medium and in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 285-310 phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 79-82 11839479-3 2002 Glucose oxidase (GOx) is entrapped during the electropolymerization of a poly(m-phenylenediamine) (PMPD) film in an acetate buffer (AB) solution, on which a highly interference-resistive PMPD film is deposited in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 215-240 hydroxyacid oxidase 1 Homo sapiens 17-20 11527949-8 2001 Tears (> or =30 microl) or PLA2 (> or =30 U) incubated with bacteria in phosphate-buffered saline were bactericidal. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 78-103 phospholipase A2 Oryctolagus cuniculus 30-34 11791902-4 2002 When collagen sponges incorporating 125I-labeled TGF-beta1 were placed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution at 37 degrees C, a small amount of TGF-beta1 was released for the first hour, but no further release was observed thereafter, irrespective of the amount of cross-linking time the sponges had received. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 74-99 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transforming growth factor beta-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 49-58 11791902-4 2002 When collagen sponges incorporating 125I-labeled TGF-beta1 were placed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution at 37 degrees C, a small amount of TGF-beta1 was released for the first hour, but no further release was observed thereafter, irrespective of the amount of cross-linking time the sponges had received. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 74-99 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transforming growth factor beta-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 150-159 11682699-4 2001 Exposure to 400, 500, or 600 mOsm phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) caused cell shrinkage and an osmolality-dependent increase in p38 activity to 175%, 409%, or 518%, respectively, compared with cells maintained in control conditions (290 mOsm). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 34-59 mitogen activated protein kinase 14 Rattus norvegicus 128-131 11587160-8 2001 However, EHT neutrophils more readily expressed CD11b on incubation in phosphate-buffered saline and more cells went on to exocytose primary granules indicated by expression of CD69. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 71-96 integrin subunit alpha M Homo sapiens 48-53 11641060-3 2001 In DJM-1 cells cultured in low Ca2+ medium, BPAG1 was detected as phosphate buffered saline-soluble (cytosolic), Triton X-100 soluble (roughly membrane-associated) and Triton X-100 insoluble (cytoskeleton-bound) forms, whereas in normal Ca2+-grown cells only as cytosolic and cytoskeleton-bound forms. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 66-91 dystonin Homo sapiens 44-49 11878778-6 2001 L-selectin expression decreased after G-CSF incubation and decreased even more with FMLP stimulation in the G-CSF group compared with the phosphate-buffered saline group in term and preterm samples, but not in adult samples. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 138-163 selectin L Homo sapiens 0-10 11371569-3 2001 Tropoelastin is soluble at 20 degrees C in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4, but at 37 degrees C equilibrium is established between soluble protein and insoluble coacervate. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 43-68 elastin Homo sapiens 0-12 11672586-7 2001 Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), instead of plasma, was used to obtain the initial level of coated undigested VWF. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 0-25 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 110-113 11380429-5 2001 The combination of gamma-irradiated plates, a phosphate-buffered saline buffer and coating antigen of 10 microg/ml prothrombin was the most sensitive. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 46-71 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 115-126 11276046-3 2001 We report here that a single application of antisense p75(NTR) oligodeoxynucleotides to the proximal nerve stumps of neonatal rats significantly reduces the loss of axotomised motor neurons compared to controls treated with nonsense oligodeoxynucleotides or phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 258-283 nerve growth factor receptor Rattus norvegicus 54-57 11266618-1 2001 The dynamics of the unfolding process of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A) unfolded by dithiothreitol (DTT) at a low concentration of 1:30 were investigated in alkaline phosphate-buffered saline solutions at 303K and 313K by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) spectra. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 178-203 ribonuclease pancreatic Bos taurus 75-82 11254522-5 2001 Compared with animals exposed to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), OA-challenged animals developed an increase in total airway wall area, enhanced fibronectin deposition, epithelial cell proliferation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 33-58 fibronectin 1 Rattus norvegicus 146-157 11169581-0 2001 The "vanishing counting bead" phenomenon: effect on absolute CD34+ cell counting in phosphate-buffered saline-diluted leukapheresis samples. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 84-109 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 61-65 11206311-9 2001 Recombinant antisense c-myc adenovirus-treated tumors were inhibited by 68.9%, compared with tumors injected with Ad-LacZ and control (LacZ and phosphate-buffered saline). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 144-169 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 22-27 11367867-4 2001 HSA in phosphate-buffered saline was incubated with 100 mmol/l glucose. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 7-32 albumin Homo sapiens 0-3 11102955-11 2000 In lysates of SAMC-treated LNCaP cells, the rate of testosterone catabolism was twice that from phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-treated cells. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 96-121 solute carrier family 25 member 26 Homo sapiens 14-18 11501499-6 2001 Furthermore, injection of the liquid formation of Flu peptide with IFN-alpha in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) did not elicit CTL induction. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 80-105 interferon alpha Mus musculus 67-76 11185555-3 2000 Initial events triggered upon the incubation of cells with lauryl gallate in phosphate-buffered saline (up to 1 h) include the inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation, discharge of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and induction of mRNA for Bcl-2. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 77-102 B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 Mus musculus 249-254 11035913-2 2000 A similar, but less marked, increase in c-Src PTK activity occurs upon incubation of CEFs in calcium-free phosphate-buffered saline, which also causes a decrease in cell-substrate adhesion. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 106-131 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Gallus gallus 40-45 11074661-2 2000 METHODS: Female BALB/c mice, aged between 5 and 6 weeks were immunized intradermally into the shaved back (4 spots each) with 100 microg beta-galactosidase in 100 microl sterile phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.2) and blood was taken by tail bleeding on days 0 (preimmune serum), 4 and 6. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 178-203 galactosidase, beta 1 Mus musculus 137-155 10905458-3 2000 The release of lysozyme and recombinant thrombocidin (rTC-1), an antibacterial protein derived from human blood platelets, from the gelatin-ChS gels in Dacron in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 degrees C was determined, and compared to the release from gelatin gels in Dacron and plain gelatin-ChS gels. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 162-187 lysozyme Homo sapiens 15-23 10905458-3 2000 The release of lysozyme and recombinant thrombocidin (rTC-1), an antibacterial protein derived from human blood platelets, from the gelatin-ChS gels in Dacron in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 degrees C was determined, and compared to the release from gelatin gels in Dacron and plain gelatin-ChS gels. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 162-187 Serum cholesterol level QTL 22 Rattus norvegicus 54-59 11095074-5 2000 Only minimal staining for TGF-beta1 was observed in samples treated with phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 73-98 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 26-35 10942375-6 2000 The donor DHFR transgenic marrow engraftment level was proportional to the preconditioning dose of TBI but was surprisingly reduced in animals given 2 or 4 Gy TBI and subsequently administered MTX when compared with control animals administered phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 245-270 dihydrofolate reductase Homo sapiens 10-14 10647076-5 2000 BDNF administered once or twice per week (70 mg/kg/wk) to db/db mice for 3 weeks significantly reduced blood glucose concentrations and hemoglobin A(1c), (HbA(1c)) as compared with ad libitum-fed phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated and pair-fed PBS-treated groups. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 196-221 brain derived neurotrophic factor Mus musculus 0-4 10992430-7 2000 The tissue response was similar to that at the defect implanted with empty gelatin microspheres and TGF-beta1-free phosphate-buffered saline solution alone. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 115-140 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transforming growth factor beta-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 100-109 10845927-8 2000 A single intravenous injection of 40 microg rIT 1 day after tumor inoculation rendered 90% of the mice tumor free, extending the mean survival time to more than 200 days compared with 38.1 days in the phosphate-buffered saline control group (P <.001). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 201-226 Ras-like without CAAX 1 Rattus norvegicus 44-49 10764325-3 2000 Neonatal mice were repeatedly exposed to aerosolized ovalbumin (OVA; 3% in phosphate-buffered saline for 10 min/d, from Days 5 to 15 of age). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 75-100 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 53-62 10774791-5 2000 Morphometric analysis of serial tissue sections at 4 weeks after vascular injury showed that in 75% of the EGF-Gen-treated mice, the maximal stenosis index was only 0.44 +/- 0.13, whereas in 75% of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated mice, the maximal stenosis index was 1.20 +/- 0.25. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 198-223 epidermal growth factor Mus musculus 107-110 10891463-7 2000 When mice given CTX or rituximab on days 3, 5, and 7 after transplantation were randomly assigned to receive endostatin or phosphate-buffered saline on days 15 to 19, tumor growth was prevented in endostatin-treated mice as long as the drug was administered. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 123-148 collagen, type XVIII, alpha 1 Mus musculus 197-207 10440270-11 1999 When eyes injected with either phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or BDNF were subjected to treatment with KCN, the number of INL cells was 186 +/- 5 in the PBS-treated controls and 253 +/- 8 in eyes treated with BDNF. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 31-56 brain derived neurotrophic factor Homo sapiens 210-214 10555085-4 1999 Irrespective of the hydrogel water content, approximately 30% of the incorporated bFGF was released from the bFGF-incorporating acidic gelatin hydrogel, within the first day into phosphate-buffered saline solution at 37 degrees C, followed by no substantial release. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 179-204 fibroblast growth factor 2 Mus musculus 82-86 10555085-4 1999 Irrespective of the hydrogel water content, approximately 30% of the incorporated bFGF was released from the bFGF-incorporating acidic gelatin hydrogel, within the first day into phosphate-buffered saline solution at 37 degrees C, followed by no substantial release. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 179-204 fibroblast growth factor 2 Mus musculus 109-113 10535404-5 1999 In two separate experiments, a single ip injection of 200 microg/g body weight (BW) hFSH-beta-(90-95) in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, vehicle) administered to mice on day 28 delayed first vaginal estrus by 3 days in 50% (4/8) and 62.5% (6/8) when compared to mice given vehicle alone on day 28. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 105-130 follicle stimulating hormone subunit beta Homo sapiens 84-93 10511590-10 1999 In a mouse model of metastatic disease, daily PSA treatment resulted in a 40% reduction in the mean number of lung tumor nodules compared with phosphate-buffered saline treatment (two-sided P =.003). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 kallikrein B, plasma 1 Mus musculus 46-49 11721480-4 1999 RESULTS: The IL-8 treatment significantly enhanced airway responsiveness to histamine in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) and induced a significant influx of neutrophils in BALF (P < 0.01), and a great number of neutrophils were seen within the airway wall, but not within the control animals treated with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 329-354 interleukin-8 Cavia porcellus 13-17 10410972-5 1999 Based on these results, rat and mouse thymocytes labeled with anti-Thy 1.1 conjugated to phycoerythrin and anti-Thy 1.2 conjugated to phycoerythrin/Texas Red, respectively, were suspended in phosphate buffered saline containing propidium iodide, and were analyzed as they passed through a flow chamber and crossed a high-frequency, intensity-modulated (sinusoidal) laser excitation beam. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 191-216 thymus cell antigen 1, theta Mus musculus 67-74 10419821-6 1999 The secondary structure of the recombinant statherin was investigated by circular dichroism spectroscopy, which revealed the predominant presence of random coil in phosphate-buffered saline solution, with a higher propensity toward alpha helicity in 100% TFE. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 164-189 statherin Homo sapiens 43-52 10410972-5 1999 Based on these results, rat and mouse thymocytes labeled with anti-Thy 1.1 conjugated to phycoerythrin and anti-Thy 1.2 conjugated to phycoerythrin/Texas Red, respectively, were suspended in phosphate buffered saline containing propidium iodide, and were analyzed as they passed through a flow chamber and crossed a high-frequency, intensity-modulated (sinusoidal) laser excitation beam. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 191-216 thymus cell antigen 1, theta Mus musculus 112-119 10073950-4 1999 A rapid, cellular immune response to HSP-65 was evident in mice immunized with HSP-65 or with MT but not in the animals immunized with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) alone. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 135-160 heat shock protein 1 (chaperonin) Mus musculus 37-43 10091924-3 1999 The rate of bFGF sorption to the acidic gelatin microsphere in phosphate-buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) was smaller than that in water. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 63-88 fibroblast growth factor 2 Mus musculus 12-16 9920186-8 1999 NOR 3-induced inhibitory effects on endothelin-1 secretion were abolished by preincubation of the compound in phosphate-buffered saline (37 degrees C, 4 h), a procedure by which about 98% of the parent compound"s ability to release NO was lost. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 110-135 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 36-48 10024591-4 1999 The number of bacteria recovered in the spleens and in the livers of rTGF-beta1-treated mice 2 and 5 days after infection was significantly smaller than that found in the same organs after phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) inoculation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 189-214 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 69-79 10205635-5 1999 Steady-state fluxes with a donor solution of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were 0.34 +/- 0.01 microgram/cm2h for M-TRH and 0.27 +/- 0.01 microgram/cm2h for TRH. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 45-70 thyrotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 117-120 10205635-5 1999 Steady-state fluxes with a donor solution of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were 0.34 +/- 0.01 microgram/cm2h for M-TRH and 0.27 +/- 0.01 microgram/cm2h for TRH. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 45-70 thyrotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 158-161 9917092-9 1998 Intratumoral injections of 2 x 10(9) plaque-forming units of pLpA/M4-TNF-alpha virus with a repeated booster resulted in significant VKCK tumor regression in immune-competent mice, but not in athymic nude mice with a mean tumor weight of 0.07 g that were compared with 1.58 g and 1.70 g for tumors injected with AdV5LacZ and phosphate-buffered saline, respectively (P < .01). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 325-350 prolactin family 4, subfamily a, member 1 Mus musculus 61-65 10385199-6 1999 When 20 mg of Synsorb Pk was coincubated for 30 min at 37 C in 1 ml of phosphate-buffered saline with 1 and 10 ng or more of Stx1 or Stx2, respectively, the toxins could be detected on the surface when the bound toxins on Synsorb Pk were used as the solid phase in enzyme immunoassay. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 71-96 syntaxin 1A Homo sapiens 125-129 10385199-6 1999 When 20 mg of Synsorb Pk was coincubated for 30 min at 37 C in 1 ml of phosphate-buffered saline with 1 and 10 ng or more of Stx1 or Stx2, respectively, the toxins could be detected on the surface when the bound toxins on Synsorb Pk were used as the solid phase in enzyme immunoassay. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 71-96 syntaxin 2 Homo sapiens 133-137 9874699-12 1999 In contrast, [125I]LHRH in phosphate buffered saline was completely cleared from the injection site at 2 h. The release of drug is sustained by both niosome formulations, but spherical/tubular niosomes possess more stable membranes than polyhedral niosomes due to the presence of cholesterol. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 27-52 gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 Rattus norvegicus 19-23 9815019-2 1998 Within each group, animals were assigned to 21 days of treatment with the drug (0.1 micrograms/g of the GLP-2 analog in phosphate-buffered saline) or vehicle alone subcutaneously twice daily. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 120-145 mast cell protease 10 Rattus norvegicus 104-109 9838989-6 1998 In these studies we incubated seven glycoforms of hCG, each with different degrees of "nicking", in phosphate-buffered saline, serum, defibrinated blood and urine from healthy non-pregnant women, under varying conditions. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 100-125 chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5 Homo sapiens 50-53 9917092-9 1998 Intratumoral injections of 2 x 10(9) plaque-forming units of pLpA/M4-TNF-alpha virus with a repeated booster resulted in significant VKCK tumor regression in immune-competent mice, but not in athymic nude mice with a mean tumor weight of 0.07 g that were compared with 1.58 g and 1.70 g for tumors injected with AdV5LacZ and phosphate-buffered saline, respectively (P < .01). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 325-350 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 69-78 9734429-11 1998 A significant reduction in total pixel count per high-power field and in total number of fibroblasts per high-power field was found in crushed rat sciatic nerve treated with anti-TGF-beta antibody when compared with those treated only with phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 240-265 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 179-187 9626069-11 1998 Macrophage expression of MSR mRNA was significantly (16-fold) increased by LDL, AcLDL, or OxLDL relative to mice infused with phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 126-151 macrophage scavenger receptor 1 Mus musculus 25-28 9492213-5 1998 The activity of PEG-TGF-beta2 was fully stable in phosphate-buffered saline at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C for at least up to 4 weeks. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 50-75 transforming growth factor, beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 20-29 9635460-6 1998 The phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-inoculated group exhibited a transient increase of IL-6 message, which indicates that this cytokine is a sensitive marker of the acute response to trauma. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 4-29 interleukin 6 Rattus norvegicus 87-91 9602248-9 1998 The use of phosphate-buffered saline with increasing salt concentrations as a washing buffer for the ELISA resulted in more stable binding of beta(2)GPI to PL in the presence of aPL IgG. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 11-36 apolipoprotein H Homo sapiens 142-152 9622763-3 1998 Purified osteocalcin (0 to 10 micrograms) in 20 microliters of phosphate-buffered saline was injected into the region of the root bifurcation of the first molar daily for 4 days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 63-88 bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein Rattus norvegicus 9-20 10374452-4 1997 RESULTS: The IL-8 treatment significantly enhanced airway responsiveness to histamine in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05 or 0.01) and induced a significant influx of neutrophils in BALF (P < 0.01), and there are many neutrophils within airway wall but not control animals treated with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 293-318 interleukin-8 Cavia porcellus 13-17 9396229-7 1997 The proliferation response of lymph node cells from TGF-beta 1 injected mice with IRBP-induced EAU was suppressed compared with phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-injected mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 128-153 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Mus musculus 52-62 9396229-7 1997 The proliferation response of lymph node cells from TGF-beta 1 injected mice with IRBP-induced EAU was suppressed compared with phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-injected mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 128-153 retinol binding protein 3, interstitial Mus musculus 82-86 9553323-1 1998 A study was made to determine if mouse zygotes can be effectively vitrified in 7 M ethylene glycol in modified Dulbecco"s phosphate buffered saline (PB1) and to find out if the development of vitrified-warmed zygotes in vitro can be improved by renewing the culture medium. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 122-147 polybromo 1 Mus musculus 149-152 9685873-2 1998 Attempts to deliver CSA from a solution prepared in 40% ethanol (EtOH) is phosphate buffered saline (PBS) using iontophoresis did not result in any significant increase in drug delivery, compared to passive. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 74-99 ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit Homo sapiens 20-23 9292571-13 1997 The incubation with a glucose polymer solution (7.5% glucose polymer in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.3) resulted in a significantly lowered cytokine release (LPS stimulation: IL-1beta, 69 +/- 19 pg/mL) compared with the other solutions with neutral pH (P < 0.01). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 72-97 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 178-186 9264304-5 1997 Bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline, which was used to dissolve the interleukin-1alpha, was injected in the fellow eye as a control. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 24-49 albumin Rattus norvegicus 7-20 9285526-4 1997 Bovine serum albumin was needed in the phosphate buffered saline for maximal measurability of NGF antigen. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 39-64 nerve growth factor Rattus norvegicus 94-97 26735790-1 1997 Transferrin (T f) and its carbohydrate-deficient isoform (CDT) were measured by radioimmunoassay in phosphate-buffered saline extracts of two informative areas of cerebral cortex tissue obtained at autopsy from alcoholics without other associated disease (n = 4); alcoholics with cirrhosis of the liver (n = 4) and agematched controls (n = 4). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 100-125 transferrin Homo sapiens 0-11 9191880-7 1997 Although cC1q-R was released when both peripheral blood lymphocytes and Raji cells were incubated in phosphate-buffered saline for 1 hr under tissue culture conditions, gC1q-R was releasable only from Raji cells, suggesting that perhaps activation or transformation leading to immortalization is required for gC1q-R release. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 101-126 calreticulin Homo sapiens 9-15 9168829-5 1997 The BDNF administration following 2-week treatment with phosphate-buffered saline after avulsion prevented further augmentation of cell death and reversed cholinergic transmitter-related enzyme deficiency. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 56-81 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 4-8 9296625-3 1997 The amount of TBARS increased in a time-dependent manner when either LDL, HDL2 or HDL3 (0.4-1.2 mg protein/ml) was incubated at 37 degrees C during 4 h with phosphate-buffered saline containing CuSO4 (2-80 microM). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 157-182 junctophilin 3 Homo sapiens 74-78 9296625-3 1997 The amount of TBARS increased in a time-dependent manner when either LDL, HDL2 or HDL3 (0.4-1.2 mg protein/ml) was incubated at 37 degrees C during 4 h with phosphate-buffered saline containing CuSO4 (2-80 microM). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 157-182 HDL3 Homo sapiens 82-86 9154642-6 1997 Rats pretreated with phosphate buffered saline before bleomycin had significantly more neutrophils and protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at 4 and 6 days and higher hydroxyproline levels after bleomycin as compared to KGF-pretreated rats. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 21-46 fibroblast growth factor 7 Rattus norvegicus 223-226 9176516-3 1997 of Ad.RSV-hAAT were approximately four-fold higher in macrophage-depleted animals than in control animals pretreated with liposome-encapsulated phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 144-169 serpin family A member 1 Homo sapiens 10-14 8843798-3 1996 Compared with mice treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), OVA-treated mice developed increased lung resistance, decreased dynamic compliance, and greater methacholine reactivity. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 32-57 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 65-68 9088746-2 1997 METHODS: The corneal epithelium of 16 rabbits was debrided by n-heptyl alcohol treatment; SP (1 mg/ml) and/or IGF-1 (1 microgram/ml) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were administered immediately and at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, and 34 hours after debridement. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 136-161 insulin-like growth factor I Oryctolagus cuniculus 110-115 9184178-4 1997 Following incubation of frozen sections at 37 degrees C in phosphate-buffered saline, FGF1 staining was also revealed in myoepithelial cells and basement membrane adjacent to carcinoma cells. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 59-84 fibroblast growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 86-90 9022270-2 1996 When an extract was prepared from 0.1 g human skin homogenized with 1 ml of phosphate buffered saline, this method was able to detect SCC antigen in extracts diluted 10(2)-fold. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 76-101 serpin family B member 3 Homo sapiens 134-137 9124589-5 1997 GLP-2 increased small bowel weight in either 12% gelatin or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) formulations (P < 0.01 vs. P < 0.05, gelatin vs. PBS, respectively), and GLP-2 was intestinotrophic following either intramuscular, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration (P < 0.05 for im and ip, P < 0.001 for sc, GLP-2 vs. control). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 60-85 glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor Mus musculus 0-5 9054621-1 1997 Previous studies have shown that exposure of Swiss 3T3 cells to mainstream cigarette smoke (CS) trapped in phosphate-buffered saline (smoke-bubbled PBS) resulted in the expression of stress response genes, i.e. haem oxygenase and c-fos, partial inhibition of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, as well as partial depletion of the cellular glutathione (GSH) pool. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 107-132 FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene Mus musculus 230-235 9008650-6 1997 Two micrograms of TGF beta-1 in 0.1 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or 0.1 ml PBS alone was administered intraperitoneally at 8 hours after LPS injection. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 39-64 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Mus musculus 18-28 8974002-1 1996 As in vivo experimental system involving the local induction of interferon-alpha/beta (IFN-alpha/beta) responses was established in mice by injecting s.c. ultraviolet (UV)-inactivated herpes simplex virus (HSV) in the right ears, the left ears receiving phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a control. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 254-279 interferon alpha B Mus musculus 64-85 8892113-3 1996 Muscles were injected with LIF in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing pluronic gel, the contralateral control muscles were injected with the vehicle alone. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 34-59 LIF, interleukin 6 family cytokine Rattus norvegicus 27-30 17177827-3 1996 After 60 minutes of ischemia and at the onset of reperfusion, rats in the acidic fibroblast growth factor-treated group received 2.6 microg of acidic fibroblast growth factor/rat in 50 microl of phosphate-buffered saline solution containing 0.1% heparin (w/v) through the jugular vein, whereas the rats in the phosphate-buffered saline solution-treated group received the same vehicle without acidic fibroblast growth factor. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 195-220 fibroblast growth factor 1 Rattus norvegicus 74-105 8765010-2 1996 In contrast to the systemic lupus erythematosus-like pathology which progresses with age in the phosphate-buffered saline-injected MRL lpr/lpr controls, UDA-treated animals did not develop overt clinical signs of lupus and nephritis. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 96-121 Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6) Mus musculus 135-138 8765010-2 1996 In contrast to the systemic lupus erythematosus-like pathology which progresses with age in the phosphate-buffered saline-injected MRL lpr/lpr controls, UDA-treated animals did not develop overt clinical signs of lupus and nephritis. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 96-121 Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6) Mus musculus 139-142 8737243-2 1996 When equal volumes of a homogeneous micellar solution of sulfatide and fibrinogen in phosphate-buffered saline were mixed, an insoluble complex precipitated. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 85-110 fibrinogen beta chain Homo sapiens 71-81 17177827-3 1996 After 60 minutes of ischemia and at the onset of reperfusion, rats in the acidic fibroblast growth factor-treated group received 2.6 microg of acidic fibroblast growth factor/rat in 50 microl of phosphate-buffered saline solution containing 0.1% heparin (w/v) through the jugular vein, whereas the rats in the phosphate-buffered saline solution-treated group received the same vehicle without acidic fibroblast growth factor. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 310-335 fibroblast growth factor 1 Rattus norvegicus 74-105 17177827-4 1996 Compared with the phosphate-buffered saline solution-treated group, rats in the acidic fibroblast growth factor-treated group had significantly lower blood urea nitrogen (83.13 +/- 26.07 versus 176.36 +/- 62.36, p < 0.05) and serum creatinine (0.73 +/- 0.14 versus 1.14 +/- 0.36, p < 0.05) levels 1 day after occlusion. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 18-43 fibroblast growth factor 1 Rattus norvegicus 80-111 17177827-5 1996 Histopathologic scores showed much less renal damage on day 1 in the acidic fibroblast growth factor-treated rats compared with the phosphate-buffered saline solution controls. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 132-157 fibroblast growth factor 1 Rattus norvegicus 69-100 8625816-1 1996 6B4 proteoglycan/phosphacan is one of the major phosphate-buffered saline-soluble chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans of the brain. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 48-73 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z1 Homo sapiens 17-27 8611645-5 1996 Within 30-60 min incubation at 37 degrees C in water or in phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS), beta 25-35 was almost fully converted to a beta-sheet structure. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 59-84 amyloid beta precursor protein Rattus norvegicus 142-148 7588564-1 1995 Human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a 33 kDa kallikrein-like serine protease, occurring in the prostate, in seminal plasma and in blood, was prepared under nonreducing conditions in an enzymatically active form from seminal plasma by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), followed by fast copper staining, electroelution from gel slices and dialysis against isotonic phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 402-427 kallikrein related peptidase 3 Homo sapiens 6-31 7796887-7 1995 Immunohistochemical analyses of embryonic wing cartilage demonstrate that a significant fraction of bound RIHB can be removed from unfixed tissue simply by rinsing with phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 169-194 midkine (neurite growth-promoting factor 2) Gallus gallus 106-110 7588564-1 1995 Human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a 33 kDa kallikrein-like serine protease, occurring in the prostate, in seminal plasma and in blood, was prepared under nonreducing conditions in an enzymatically active form from seminal plasma by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), followed by fast copper staining, electroelution from gel slices and dialysis against isotonic phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 402-427 kallikrein related peptidase 3 Homo sapiens 33-36 7885030-4 1995 For the studies the TGF-beta 1 was incorporated into phosphate-buffered saline, into a polyoxamer gel, into DuoDERM hydroactive paste, and into a poly(ethylene oxide) hydrogel. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 53-78 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 20-30 7720728-9 1994 Gel filtration studies show that NSP-A and NSP-B form supramolecular aggregates with a molecular mass of over 500 kDa, present to a minor extent in the phosphate buffered saline soluble cell fraction, but mainly occurring in the membranous pellet fraction from which they can be solubilized by Triton X-100. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 152-177 reticulon 1 Homo sapiens 33-36 7728625-7 1995 The IL-8 treatment also induced a significant influx of neutrophils, but not eosinophils, in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (18.3 +/- 8.8 and 30.6 +/- 8.3% in animals treated with 0.5 and 5 micrograms/kg, respectively, of IL-8 vs 3.6 +/- 0.7% in phosphate buffered saline-(PBS)-treated animals). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 250-275 interleukin-8 Cavia porcellus 4-8 7720728-9 1994 Gel filtration studies show that NSP-A and NSP-B form supramolecular aggregates with a molecular mass of over 500 kDa, present to a minor extent in the phosphate buffered saline soluble cell fraction, but mainly occurring in the membranous pellet fraction from which they can be solubilized by Triton X-100. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 152-177 reticulon 1 Homo sapiens 43-46 7926496-3 1994 METHODS: Rats were treated with recombinant TGF-beta 1 in alginate beads perorally or with recombinant TGF-beta 1 in phosphate-buffered saline perorally or intraperitoneally. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 117-142 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 103-113 7849132-2 1994 Effects of separation buffer pH and concentration as well as separation power were evaluated on Rnase A samples in phosphate buffered saline in the 5-100 micrograms ml-1 concentration range. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 115-140 ribonuclease pancreatic Bos taurus 96-103 8086486-2 1994 We have observed that washes with acid buffers containing 100 mM acetate can modulate [125I]IGF-II binding to rat C6 glial cells in an unexpected manner: when cells in monolayer culture were prewashed with phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.3) (PBS), [125I]IGF-II binding was characteristic of the IGF-II/mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) receptor. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 206-231 insulin-like growth factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 92-98 7884671-4 1994 Intrajejunal administration of 10 units/kg insulin in phosphate-buffered saline resulted in minimal insulin absorption or hypoglycemia. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 54-79 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 43-50 8093036-1 1994 Cisplatin [cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II), DDP] generated superoxide anion (O2-), as measured by chemiluminescence from a Cypridina luciferin analog (CLA), by interaction with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.6. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 207-232 DD%P Bos taurus 46-49 8071392-2 1994 The sorption of albumin was also followed in the presence of phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 61-86 albumin Homo sapiens 16-23 7833443-6 1994 The release of growth hormone was monitored in phosphate buffered saline and horse serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 47-72 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 15-29 7833443-7 1994 Interestingly, a higher level of GH was detected in the phosphate buffered saline than in serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 56-81 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 33-35 8064245-5 1994 Treatment of newborn female NOD mice with TNF every other day for 3 wk, led to an earlier onset of disease (10 versus 15 wk of age in control mice) and 100% incidence before 20 wk of age (compared to 45% at 20 wk of age in control phosphate-buffered saline treated female mice). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 231-256 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 42-45 8053669-2 1994 Decorin, biglycan, and large proteoglycans were all bound to collagen fibrils in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 3 mM sodium phosphate. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 81-106 biglycan Bos taurus 9-17 8048078-5 1994 Intraperitoneal administration of recombinant IL-1 beta (0.4 U) or TNF alpha (10 ng) resulted in an enhanced peritoneal inflammatory response compared to phosphate-buffered saline-injected control animals measured 20 hr following injection of SRBC. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 154-179 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 46-55 8048078-5 1994 Intraperitoneal administration of recombinant IL-1 beta (0.4 U) or TNF alpha (10 ng) resulted in an enhanced peritoneal inflammatory response compared to phosphate-buffered saline-injected control animals measured 20 hr following injection of SRBC. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 154-179 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 67-76 8013275-1 1994 Butadiene monoxide, a presumed carcinogenic metabolite of butadiene, is stable in water or phosphate buffer, but was found to rapidly disappear from the headspace of solutions (10(-6) to 10(-4) M) in phosphate-buffered saline incubated at 37 degrees C. The process was first order with respect to monoxide concentration, with an apparent rate constant of 6.6 x 10(-4) sec-1. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 200-225 secretory blood group 1, pseudogene Homo sapiens 368-373 7513131-3 1994 BALB/c mice were immunized by exposure to an aerosol of 1% ovalbumin in sterile phosphate-buffered saline for 20 min/day for 10 days. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 80-105 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene Mus musculus 59-68 7584068-3 1994 In control mice, injected with phosphate-buffered saline and untreated, ACHE mRNA labeling with ACHE [35S]cRNA was about 10-fold higher on megakaryocytes (MK) compared with all other bone marrow cells and increased by 20-fold during MK development, similar to reports for MK actin mRNA. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 31-56 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 72-76 7584068-3 1994 In control mice, injected with phosphate-buffered saline and untreated, ACHE mRNA labeling with ACHE [35S]cRNA was about 10-fold higher on megakaryocytes (MK) compared with all other bone marrow cells and increased by 20-fold during MK development, similar to reports for MK actin mRNA. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 31-56 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 96-100 8361777-2 1993 The administration of anti-IL-5 strongly depressed peripheral, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and medullary eosinophilic responses in mice infected with A. cantonensis, when compared with groups treated with phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) alone or isotype-matched rat IgG. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 203-228 interleukin 5 Mus musculus 27-31 8109618-5 1994 Then EGF in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was applied to the Gelfoam pledget (50 microL of 0.5 mg EGF/mL PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 12-37 epidermal growth factor Homo sapiens 5-8 8279568-3 1993 After urethan-anesthetized rats were prepared for antral motility recording or titrometric analysis of gastric acid output, phosphate-buffered saline or various doses of PP in phosphate-buffered saline were micropressure injected into the medial DVC. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 176-201 pancreatic polypeptide Rattus norvegicus 170-172 8409469-4 1993 Protein binding capacity and binding dynamics were investigated in a model system with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 117-142 albumin Homo sapiens 94-107 18613052-5 1993 During a brief harvesting phase the medium was replaced by phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 10 mU/mL of PI-PLC and the GPI anchored protein was cleaved from the cell surface and recovered in soluble form at up to 30% purity. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 59-84 phospholipase C gamma 1 Homo sapiens 114-120 8374052-1 1993 Studies were undertaken to determine unambiguously the stability of T-2 toxin in deuterated phosphate-buffered saline solutions in the pD range 5-12. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 92-117 solute carrier family 25 member 5 Homo sapiens 68-71 8127857-2 1994 The capacity of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to prevent this early, severe loss of RGCs was investigated in vivo by intravitreal injections of BDNF [5 micrograms in 5 microliters of bovine serum albumin/phosphate-buffered saline (BSA/PBS)] or vehicle (5 microliters of BSA/PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 215-240 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 51-55 8243564-5 1993 Continuous infusion of IL-6 for 7 days resulted in elevated levels of circulating IL-6 (mean: 1872 pg/mL vs. 100 pg/mL for phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]-treated controls) and in an accelerated reconstitution of platelets starting at day 12 after irradiation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 123-148 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 23-27 8399230-2 1993 When BDNF unfolded in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride is diluted 20-fold into phosphate-buffered saline, a partially folded intermediate is rapidly formed (< 1 min). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 74-99 brain derived neurotrophic factor Homo sapiens 5-9 8514769-8 1993 Sedimentation equilibrium showed that BDNF, NT-3, and NGF exist as strongly associated dimers in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.1. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 97-122 brain derived neurotrophic factor Homo sapiens 38-42 8514769-8 1993 Sedimentation equilibrium showed that BDNF, NT-3, and NGF exist as strongly associated dimers in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.1. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 97-122 neurotrophin 3 Homo sapiens 44-48 8514769-8 1993 Sedimentation equilibrium showed that BDNF, NT-3, and NGF exist as strongly associated dimers in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.1. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 97-122 nerve growth factor Homo sapiens 54-57 8315351-5 1993 Low concentrations (10(-9)-10(-7) M) of GM-CSF increased NEP activity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner to more than 225% that of control (phosphate-buffered saline-treated) cells. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 151-176 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 40-46 8315351-5 1993 Low concentrations (10(-9)-10(-7) M) of GM-CSF increased NEP activity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner to more than 225% that of control (phosphate-buffered saline-treated) cells. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 151-176 membrane metalloendopeptidase Homo sapiens 57-60 8482097-11 1993 TNF levels peaked at 1 hr post-lipopolysaccharide infusion at 4.3 +/- 0.6 ng/mL in the phosphate-buffered saline group and at 2.0 +/- 0.5 ng/mL in the R. sphaeroides diphosphoryl lipid A group (p < .02). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 87-112 tumor necrosis factor-like Rattus norvegicus 0-3 8340461-6 1993 The method was also applied to determine the rate of release into a phosphate-buffered saline medium of a metabolically stable analogue of MPF from a slow-release formulation of the compound. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 68-93 mesothelin Homo sapiens 139-142 8506753-3 1993 IL-2 in the serum became undetectable by 6h after a subcutaneous injection of 1 x 10(6) unit of IL-2 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 104-129 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 0-4 8506753-3 1993 IL-2 in the serum became undetectable by 6h after a subcutaneous injection of 1 x 10(6) unit of IL-2 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 104-129 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 96-100 8448865-1 1993 This nephelometric assay of serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is characterized by the use of a specific antibody to generate a high rate of light-scatter formation and the elimination of nonspecific reactions from serum samples by diluting samples in phosphate-buffered saline containing polymer enhancer polyethylene glycol (PEG), 40 g/L, and detergent before the assay. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 246-271 lipoprotein(a) Homo sapiens 50-55 1451948-10 1992 Culture of islets obtained from NOD mice in the presence of the cytokine interleukin-1 beta induced a similar pattern of glucose metabolism as seen earlier in IgG or phosphate-buffered saline treated control NOD mice. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 166-191 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 73-91 8095432-0 1993 Induction of c-fos immunoreactivity in tyrosine hydroxylase and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase immunoreactive neurons of the medulla oblongata of the rat after phosphate-buffered saline load in the urethane-anaesthetized rat. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 168-193 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 13-18 8095432-0 1993 Induction of c-fos immunoreactivity in tyrosine hydroxylase and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase immunoreactive neurons of the medulla oblongata of the rat after phosphate-buffered saline load in the urethane-anaesthetized rat. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 168-193 phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 64-102 8095432-1 1993 We have studied the induction of c-fos immunoreactivity (c-fos IR) in catecholaminergic and vasopressinergic immunoreactive neurons after repeated phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) loading or after repeated elicitation of the baroreceptor reflex via repeated infusion of the vasoconstrictor agent L-phenylephrine. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 147-172 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 33-38 2119800-2 1990 DNFB-[35S]Hir54-64 was reacted at a 10-fold molar excess with human alpha-thrombin in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.4 and 23 degrees C for 18 h. Autoradiographs of the product in reducing SDS-polyacrylamide gels revealed a single 35S-labeled band of Mr approximately 32,500. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 86-111 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 74-82 1429756-4 1992 Immersion of polymer membranes blended with the thrombin inhibitor in phosphate-buffered saline for 10 d resulted in the loss of nonthrombogenicity, while the polymer membranes grafted with the thrombin inhibitor derivative maintained the nonthrombogenicity over a long period. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 70-95 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 48-56 1310595-4 1992 SIN-1 (1 mM) generated superoxide and NO at rates of 7.02 microM/min and 3.68 microM/min respectively in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2, at 37 degrees C. Incubation of SIN-1 with both deoxyribose and sodium benzoate resulted in the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 105-130 MAPK associated protein 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 1310595-4 1992 SIN-1 (1 mM) generated superoxide and NO at rates of 7.02 microM/min and 3.68 microM/min respectively in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2, at 37 degrees C. Incubation of SIN-1 with both deoxyribose and sodium benzoate resulted in the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 105-130 MAPK associated protein 1 Homo sapiens 171-176 2049167-5 1991 Stored in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or in a dry nitrogen atmosphere, the nAChR optical sensor showed no loss of activity over the first 3 days, then showed a slow but gradual loss in activity (45% over the next 30 days). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 10-35 cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit Homo sapiens 79-84 2224591-6 1990 The single local parathyroid hormone (PTH) injection caused a dose-dependent increase in osteoclast number from 1.7 +/- 0.3 for phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) controls to 3.4 +/- 0.5, 5.8 +/- 0.9, and 5.4 +/- 1.0/mm for 10(-12), 10(-10), and 10(-8) M PTH, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 128-153 parathyroid hormone Rattus norvegicus 17-36 1520119-4 1992 Recombinant human interleukin 6 in phosphate-buffered saline at concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, or 1 mg/L was administered immediately after the epithelium was debrided with the n-heptyl alcohol treatment and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, and 28 hours after debridement. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 35-60 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 18-31 1546684-5 1992 The apparent decrease in CD4 count was eliminated with the use of a single phosphate-buffered saline wash step before the addition of monoclonal antibody. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 75-100 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 25-28 1603844-1 1992 Chemiluminescence (CL) caused by photosensitization of porphyrins in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution containing 3% human serum albumin (HSA) was observed for the first time. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 69-94 albumin Homo sapiens 130-143 1862074-2 1991 The amount of lipid peroxide increased when either HDL2 or HDL3 was incubated with phosphate-buffered saline containing 5 microM CuSO4 for 24 h at 37 degrees C, indicating that both fractions of HDL were oxidatively modified. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 83-108 junctophilin 3 Homo sapiens 51-55 1862074-2 1991 The amount of lipid peroxide increased when either HDL2 or HDL3 was incubated with phosphate-buffered saline containing 5 microM CuSO4 for 24 h at 37 degrees C, indicating that both fractions of HDL were oxidatively modified. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 83-108 HDL3 Homo sapiens 59-63 34635231-5 2022 Using plasmon absorbance spectra, the nanoprobes detect 16 nM and higher concentrations of spike protein in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 108-133 surface glycoprotein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 91-96 2232328-1 1990 The ABH antigens of bloodstains which were effectively solubilized in phosphate-buffered saline by crushing in a mortar were detected on a nitrocellulose membrane by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 70-95 alkB homolog 1, histone H2A dioxygenase Homo sapiens 4-7 33767136-8 2021 In our proof-of-concept experiment, we demonstrate the viability of the approach by detecting different concentrations of fibrinogen in phosphate-buffered saline solutions with a sensor-length (L-)-related sensitivity of S/L = 0.16 rad nM-1 mm-1. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 136-161 fibrinogen beta chain Homo sapiens 122-132 34881229-11 2021 FA@miR-491-5p@ZIF-8 could stably release miR-491-5p for a long period in both phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) and acetate buffer (pH 4.8), and miR-491-5p was released faster at the beginning of the experiment in acetate buffer (pH 4.8). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 78-103 microRNA 491 Mus musculus 41-48 33960246-6 2021 The nanoparticles recovered the systemic level of CGRP and the vascular inflammatory factors in the CGRP+/- rats comparing to the administration of (Dulbecco"s Phosphate Buffered Saline) DPBS or peptide only. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 160-185 calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha Rattus norvegicus 50-54 34834039-6 2021 After immobilizing specific antibodies in the channel, the FET can detect the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in 15 min at a concentration of 1 pg/mL in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 1 ng/mL in human serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 146-171 surface glycoprotein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 89-94 34406479-0 2021 Influence of bovine serum albumin on corrosion behaviour of pure Zn in phosphate buffered saline. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 71-96 albumin Homo sapiens 20-33 34708839-5 2021 After optimization, the ELISA showed a half-maximum signal inhibition concentration (IC50) of 0.39 ng mL-1 in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7, 20% MeOH) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.02 ng mL-1, which was more sensitive than the parent Nb-based ELISAs with IC50 and LOD values of 1.4 ng mL-1 and 0.1 ng mL-1, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 110-135 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 102-106 34134070-5 2021 This SERS-based biosensor was able to detect the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at concentrations of 0.77 fg mL-1 in phosphate-buffered saline and 6.07 fg mL-1 in untreated saliva. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 111-136 surface glycoprotein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 60-65 34134070-5 2021 This SERS-based biosensor was able to detect the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at concentrations of 0.77 fg mL-1 in phosphate-buffered saline and 6.07 fg mL-1 in untreated saliva. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 111-136 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 103-107 34294343-5 2021 Cyclic voltammetric study of CSB modified glassy carbon electrode exhibits 2e-/2H+ transfer reaction in phosphate buffered saline electrolyte following a surface-confined process with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 104-129 ERCC excision repair 6, chromatin remodeling factor Homo sapiens 29-32 34214768-6 2021 The tracer showed stable (~90%) in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4, and in human serum (~80%) for 2 h. In vitro cell uptake studies indicated the radioactivity accumulation in HCC cells was LAPTM4B protein-specific. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 35-60 lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 4B Mus musculus 192-199 34128653-3 2021 This graphene chemeo-phononic system was able to detect SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at the limit of detection of ~3.75 and ~1 fg/mL in artificial saliva and phosphate-buffered saline, respectively. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 154-179 surface glycoprotein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 67-72 35306343-5 2022 3D observations demonstrated that Abeta aggregates with a diameter of several mum emerged in phosphate-buffered saline, gathered in a spiral-like step, and exhibited a mesh-like structure. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 93-118 amyloid beta precursor protein Homo sapiens 34-39 35279638-5 2022 Paving the way for clinical application, the prepared biosensor detects differences in PD-L1 levels in diverse tumor cell types, tumors derived from mice or cancer patients, and it is reproducible and selective in both phosphate-buffered saline and serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 219-244 CD274 antigen Mus musculus 87-92 35617799-9 2022 We demonstrated the detection of recombinant GFAP protein in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and in mouse blood samples (detection limit 0.01 ng/mL) and of physiological GFAP in blood and plasma samples (detection limit 1.0 ng/mL) obtained from acute stroke patients. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 61-86 glial fibrillary acidic protein Mus musculus 45-49 35394760-3 2022 When operated in a 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution with 0.1 M NaNO3, FeOOH/CP is able to obtain a large NH3 yield of 2419 mug h-1 cm-2 and a surprisingly high Faradic efficiency of 92% with excellent stability. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 25-50 ceruloplasmin Homo sapiens 90-92 35626677-4 2022 CD spectra showed that in an aqueous environment, such as phosphate-buffered saline, the peptides mostly adopted a random coil (PTD4) or a polyproline type II helical (Tat(49-57)-NH2) conformation. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 58-83 tyrosine aminotransferase Homo sapiens 168-171 35438972-7 2022 Selectivity of the EM-GOx-GNPs against other saccharides was increased, which improved the LOD in phosphate-buffered saline and human serum. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 98-123 hydroxyacid oxidase 1 Homo sapiens 22-25 35609975-8 2022 Using a 200 microg/microL solution of MCP-1 in phosphate-buffered saline, we showed that CG910 coated coils provide effective release of MCP over time. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 47-72 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 Homo sapiens 38-43 35609975-8 2022 Using a 200 microg/microL solution of MCP-1 in phosphate-buffered saline, we showed that CG910 coated coils provide effective release of MCP over time. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 47-72 CD46 molecule Homo sapiens 137-140 35306709-4 2022 Consequently, Ni2 P-Ni12 P5 @Ni3 S2 /NF required only 32, 46 and 34 mV overpotentials to drive 10 mA cm-2 in 1.0 M KOH, 0.5 M H2 SO4 and 1.0 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) electrolytes, respectively, exceeding almost all the previously reported non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 143-168 neurofascin Homo sapiens 37-39 35403650-5 2022 In a standard phosphate buffered saline (PBS) environment, PDA@Ag could reach a low detection limit of 0.01 ng mL-1 cardiac troponin I (cTn I) with a good linear relationship. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 14-39 troponin I3, cardiac type Homo sapiens 136-141 35081773-1 2022 Attenuated total reflection-far-ultraviolet (ATR-FUV) spectra in the 145 - 250 nm region were studied for four kinds of proteins (two alpha-helix rich proteins; bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme, and two beta-sheet rich proteins; concanavalin A and gamma-globulin) in different solutions (pure water and phosphate buffered saline (PBS)) with different concentrations. Phosphate-Buffered Saline 310-335 ATR serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 45-48 35371413-6 2022 As proof-of-principle studies, we demonstrate the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in both phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer and universal transport medium (UTM) (limit of detection (LoD): 100 fg/mL). Phosphate-Buffered Saline 96-121 surface glycoprotein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 74-79