PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
17526738-0	2007	Critical contacts between the eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) catalytic domain and both eIF2beta and -2gamma mediate guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	30-61
17526738-0	2007	Critical contacts between the eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) catalytic domain and both eIF2beta and -2gamma mediate guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	63-68
17526738-0	2007	Critical contacts between the eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) catalytic domain and both eIF2beta and -2gamma mediate guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	96-116
17575049-5	2007	The FH2 domain stimulates the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of LARG in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	70-74
17504809-2	2007	Wrch-1 has no detectable GTPase activity and displays very high intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange, implying that it is constitutively GTP-bound.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	ras homolog family member U	Homo sapiens	0-6
17462594-6	2007	The Ral guanine-nucleotide-dissociation-stimulator-like, which was found to interact with the 3rd cytoplasmic loop of D(3)R, mediated the inhibitory activity of D(3)R in c-fos expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	4-7
17462594-6	2007	The Ral guanine-nucleotide-dissociation-stimulator-like, which was found to interact with the 3rd cytoplasmic loop of D(3)R, mediated the inhibitory activity of D(3)R in c-fos expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	170-175
17448446-4	2007	Rab45 bound guanine nucleotide tri- and di-phosphates through the C-terminal Rab domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	RAS and EF-hand domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-5
17448446-6	2007	Rab45 expressed in HeLa cells was localized in a small patch in the perinuclear area of the cell, and the localization was regulated by the guanine nucleotide-bound states of Rab45.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	RAS and EF-hand domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-5
17448446-6	2007	Rab45 expressed in HeLa cells was localized in a small patch in the perinuclear area of the cell, and the localization was regulated by the guanine nucleotide-bound states of Rab45.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	RAS and EF-hand domain containing	Homo sapiens	175-180
17397188-0	2007	Mechanism of EF-Ts-catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange in EF-Tu: contribution of interactions mediated by helix B of EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	13-18
17461797-1	2007	BRAG2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Arf6 that cycles between the cytoplasm and nucleus in a CRM1/exportin1-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	IQ motif and Sec7 domain ArfGEF 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
17461797-1	2007	BRAG2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Arf6 that cycles between the cytoplasm and nucleus in a CRM1/exportin1-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	61-65
17461797-1	2007	BRAG2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Arf6 that cycles between the cytoplasm and nucleus in a CRM1/exportin1-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	exportin 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
17461797-1	2007	BRAG2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Arf6 that cycles between the cytoplasm and nucleus in a CRM1/exportin1-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	exportin 1	Homo sapiens	122-131
17463080-2	2007	Crystallographic studies have demonstrated that guanine nucleotide exchange on the Galpha subunit causes specific conformational changes in three key "switch" regions of the protein, which regulate binding to Gbetagamma subunits, receptors, and effector proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	83-89
17397188-0	2007	Mechanism of EF-Ts-catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange in EF-Tu: contribution of interactions mediated by helix B of EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
17397188-2	2007	Crystal structures suggested that one of the salient features in the EF-Tu x EF-Ts complex is a conformation change in the switch II region of EF-Tu that is initiated by intrusion of Phe81 of EF-Ts between His84 and His118 of EF-Tu and may result in a destabilization of Mg2+ coordination and guanine nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	69-74
17337004-0	2007	Molecular basis of guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor activity of human neuroglobin by chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	79-90
17397188-2	2007	Crystal structures suggested that one of the salient features in the EF-Tu x EF-Ts complex is a conformation change in the switch II region of EF-Tu that is initiated by intrusion of Phe81 of EF-Ts between His84 and His118 of EF-Tu and may result in a destabilization of Mg2+ coordination and guanine nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	77-82
17397188-2	2007	Crystal structures suggested that one of the salient features in the EF-Tu x EF-Ts complex is a conformation change in the switch II region of EF-Tu that is initiated by intrusion of Phe81 of EF-Ts between His84 and His118 of EF-Tu and may result in a destabilization of Mg2+ coordination and guanine nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	143-148
17397188-2	2007	Crystal structures suggested that one of the salient features in the EF-Tu x EF-Ts complex is a conformation change in the switch II region of EF-Tu that is initiated by intrusion of Phe81 of EF-Ts between His84 and His118 of EF-Tu and may result in a destabilization of Mg2+ coordination and guanine nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	192-197
17397188-2	2007	Crystal structures suggested that one of the salient features in the EF-Tu x EF-Ts complex is a conformation change in the switch II region of EF-Tu that is initiated by intrusion of Phe81 of EF-Ts between His84 and His118 of EF-Tu and may result in a destabilization of Mg2+ coordination and guanine nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	143-148
17534441-6	2007	4-IBP modified the sensitivity of U373-MG cells in vitro to proapoptotic lomustin and proautophagic temozolomide, and markedly decreased the expression of two proteins involved in drug resistance: glucosylceramide synthase and Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	2-5
17275330-2	2007	Vav1 is also a unique member of the GEF family in that it contains a cysteine-rich domain (CRD) that is critical for Rac1 binding and maximal guanine nucleotide exchange activity, and thus may provide a unique protein-protein interface compared to other GEF/GTPase pairs.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
17275330-2	2007	Vav1 is also a unique member of the GEF family in that it contains a cysteine-rich domain (CRD) that is critical for Rac1 binding and maximal guanine nucleotide exchange activity, and thus may provide a unique protein-protein interface compared to other GEF/GTPase pairs.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	36-39
17331948-7	2007	Moreover our data suggest that these motifs may enhance the association of membrane proteins with the EFA6 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP-ribosylation factor 6.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	102-106
17331948-7	2007	Moreover our data suggest that these motifs may enhance the association of membrane proteins with the EFA6 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP-ribosylation factor 6.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	157-182
17344481-5	2007	This high R-Ras activity on the endosomes correlated with the accumulation of an R-Ras effector, the Rgl2/Rlf guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RalA, and also with high RalA activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator-like 2	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
17344481-5	2007	This high R-Ras activity on the endosomes correlated with the accumulation of an R-Ras effector, the Rgl2/Rlf guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RalA, and also with high RalA activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	RLF zinc finger	Rattus norvegicus	106-109
17344481-5	2007	This high R-Ras activity on the endosomes correlated with the accumulation of an R-Ras effector, the Rgl2/Rlf guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RalA, and also with high RalA activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Rattus norvegicus	149-153
17337004-1	2007	Oxidized human neuroglobin (Ngb), a heme protein expressed in the brain, has been proposed to act as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the GDP-bound form of the heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunit (Galpha(i)).	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	15-26
17337004-1	2007	Oxidized human neuroglobin (Ngb), a heme protein expressed in the brain, has been proposed to act as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the GDP-bound form of the heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunit (Galpha(i)).	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	28-31
17363901-2	2007	In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Cdc42p is activated by Scd1p and Gef1p, two guanine-nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	63-68
17300802-1	2007	Rap1 and Rap2 are the only small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily that do not use glutamine for GTP hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
17300802-1	2007	Rap1 and Rap2 are the only small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily that do not use glutamine for GTP hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	9-13
17227822-1	2007	PI 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3; PIP3]-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1) is a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor abundant in neutrophils and myeloid cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	70-76
17296737-1	2007	Transcriptional regulation of IMD2 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is governed by the concentration of intracellular guanine nucleotide pools.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	IMP dehydrogenase IMD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	30-34
17227822-1	2007	PI 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3; PIP3]-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1) is a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor abundant in neutrophils and myeloid cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	53-56
17297921-0	2007	Kinetic analysis of the interaction of guanine nucleotides with eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF5B.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-58	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	105-110
17339487-7	2007	In contrast, phosphorylation of the Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 and the Rac target p21-activated kinases were markedly reduced in both hck-/-fgr-/- neutrophils and human neutrophils incubated with a PP2.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
17297921-3	2007	Here we investigated the kinetics of guanine nucleotide binding to eIF5B by a fluorescent stopped-flow technique using fluorescent mant derivatives of GTP and GDP and of the GTP analogues GTPgammaS and GMPPNP.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	67-72
17297921-4	2007	The affinity of eIF5B for mant-GTP (Kd approximately 14-18 microM) was approximately 7-fold less than for mant-GDP (Kd approximately 2.3 microM), and both guanine nucleotides dissociated rapidly from eIF5B (k-1mant-GTP approximately 22-28 s-1, k-1mant-GDP approximately 10-14 s-1).	Guanine Nucleotides	155-174	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	16-21
17339487-7	2007	In contrast, phosphorylation of the Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 and the Rac target p21-activated kinases were markedly reduced in both hck-/-fgr-/- neutrophils and human neutrophils incubated with a PP2.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
17239822-1	2007	ALS2, the causative gene product for a number of recessive motor neuron diseases, is a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5, and acts as a modulator for endosome dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ALS2	Homo sapiens	0-4
17339487-7	2007	In contrast, phosphorylation of the Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 and the Rac target p21-activated kinases were markedly reduced in both hck-/-fgr-/- neutrophils and human neutrophils incubated with a PP2.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	HCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	155-158
17339487-7	2007	In contrast, phosphorylation of the Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 and the Rac target p21-activated kinases were markedly reduced in both hck-/-fgr-/- neutrophils and human neutrophils incubated with a PP2.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	161-164
17178836-1	2007	The dbl proto-oncogene product is a prototype of a growing family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that stimulate the activation of small GTP-binding proteins from the Rho family.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	4-7
17279591-6	2007	We have tested whether the interaction between a dimeric form of PDZ domain that mimics a functional dimeric guanine nucleotide exchange factor, PDZ-RhoGEF (PDZ-containing RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor) or LARG (leukemia-associated RhoA specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor), and a bivalent peptide that mimics the dimer of the plexin B receptor, could enhance the interaction between the two moieties.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	172-176
17279591-6	2007	We have tested whether the interaction between a dimeric form of PDZ domain that mimics a functional dimeric guanine nucleotide exchange factor, PDZ-RhoGEF (PDZ-containing RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor) or LARG (leukemia-associated RhoA specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor), and a bivalent peptide that mimics the dimer of the plexin B receptor, could enhance the interaction between the two moieties.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-204	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	172-176
17220465-3	2007	One of these, the Rdi1p guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, negatively regulates Cdc42p by extracting it from cellular membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	Rdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-23
17220465-3	2007	One of these, the Rdi1p guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, negatively regulates Cdc42p by extracting it from cellular membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	88-93
17239822-1	2007	ALS2, the causative gene product for a number of recessive motor neuron diseases, is a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5, and acts as a modulator for endosome dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	126-130
17273773-4	2007	In this study, we examined both the expression levels and the activation states of RhoA in various lung cancer cells by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and in vivo Rho guanine nucleotide exchange assay, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	83-87
17196961-0	2007	Dock6, a Dock-C subfamily guanine nucleotide exchanger, has the dual specificity for Rac1 and Cdc42 and regulates neurite outgrowth.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	dedicator of cytokinesis 6	Mus musculus	0-5
17301792-11	2007	dTCTP directly associates with dRheb and displays guanine nucleotide exchange activity with it in vivo and in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Translationally controlled tumor protein	Drosophila melanogaster	0-5
17196961-0	2007	Dock6, a Dock-C subfamily guanine nucleotide exchanger, has the dual specificity for Rac1 and Cdc42 and regulates neurite outgrowth.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	85-89
17196961-0	2007	Dock6, a Dock-C subfamily guanine nucleotide exchanger, has the dual specificity for Rac1 and Cdc42 and regulates neurite outgrowth.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	94-99
17134721-1	2007	Sec2 is a reversibly membrane associated multi-domain protein with guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards the yeast Rab-protein Sec4.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
17260967-3	2007	A ROC domain mutation that converts LRRK2 to a guanine nucleotide-free form (T1348N) abolishes the kinase activity of LRRK2 as well as its phosphate incorporation upon metabolic labeling.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	36-41
17260967-3	2007	A ROC domain mutation that converts LRRK2 to a guanine nucleotide-free form (T1348N) abolishes the kinase activity of LRRK2 as well as its phosphate incorporation upon metabolic labeling.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	118-123
17134721-1	2007	Sec2 is a reversibly membrane associated multi-domain protein with guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards the yeast Rab-protein Sec4.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	134-138
16949794-1	2007	GoLoco motif proteins act as guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) for G-protein alpha subunits of the adenylyl cyclase-inhibitory (Galpha(i/o)) class.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	144-150
17284589-1	2007	The exchange factor directly activated by cAMP (Epac) is a newly discovered direct target for cAMP and a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	48-52
17284589-1	2007	The exchange factor directly activated by cAMP (Epac) is a newly discovered direct target for cAMP and a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	161-164
17292842-2	2007	The GEF activity is localized in the N-terminal 160 residues of Sec2p, which lacks sequence similarity with any other GEFs with known structures, and thereby the guanine nucleotide exchange mechanism by Sec2p remains unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	162-180	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	64-69
17239665-1	2007	The rasgef genes encode a subgroup of highly conserved Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RasGEF domain family, member 1Bb	Danio rerio	4-10
17237388-2	2007	Ras can control the activity of multiple effectors, including Raf, PI3K, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	134-137
17292842-2	2007	The GEF activity is localized in the N-terminal 160 residues of Sec2p, which lacks sequence similarity with any other GEFs with known structures, and thereby the guanine nucleotide exchange mechanism by Sec2p remains unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	162-180	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	203-208
17292842-4	2007	The structure unexpectedly consists of a homodimeric, parallel coiled coil that extends over 180 A. Pull-down and guanine nucleotide exchange analyses on a series of deletion and point mutants of Sec2p unveiled the catalytic residues for its GEF activity as well as the Sec4p binding site, thus presenting a nucleotide exchange mechanism by a simple coiled coil.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	196-201
17121813-2	2007	Five eis mutants disrupted established VPS (vacuolar protein sorting) genes, The sixth, LTE1, is a Low Temperature (<15 degrees C) Essential gene encoding a large protein with potential guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	189-207	mitotic regulator LTE1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	88-92
17049467-1	2007	Rho-guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-beta (RhoGDIbeta), a regulator for Rho GTPases, is implicated in cancer cell progression.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	52-62
17854659-2	2007	One family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho proteins (RhoGEFs) provides a direct pathway for regulation of RhoA by cell surface receptors coupled to heterotrimeric G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	121-125
17214551-1	2007	Asef is a member of the Dbl-family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) with a proposed specificity for the small GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
17214551-1	2007	Asef is a member of the Dbl-family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) with a proposed specificity for the small GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	130-134
17240990-6	2007	Calorimetric experiments reveal the enthalpy, entropy, and heat capacity changes accompanying PDZ2 binding to the C-terminal pentadecapeptide derived from the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RA-GEF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	194-201
17182900-4	2007	Interestingly, Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors, such as C3G and PDZ-GEF, are directly linked to E-cadherin or to other junction proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	15-19
17189207-4	2007	The VPS9 domain is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab31, a Rab5 subfamily GTPase implicated in trans-Golgi network (TGN)-to-endosome trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	RAB31, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	60-65
17982273-3	2007	The present study first addressed the role of Rac1 and then determined the contribution of a subfamily of Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs), Vav, to the action of Hcys on Rac and NADPH oxidase activities in RMCs.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	150-153
17182900-4	2007	Interestingly, Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors, such as C3G and PDZ-GEF, are directly linked to E-cadherin or to other junction proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
17182900-4	2007	Interestingly, Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors, such as C3G and PDZ-GEF, are directly linked to E-cadherin or to other junction proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	105-115
17060455-0	2007	The Rac effector p67phox regulates phagocyte NADPH oxidase by stimulating Vav1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
17060455-0	2007	The Rac effector p67phox regulates phagocyte NADPH oxidase by stimulating Vav1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	17-24
17060455-0	2007	The Rac effector p67phox regulates phagocyte NADPH oxidase by stimulating Vav1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
17034816-0	2006	A novel lysine-rich domain and GTP binding motifs regulate the nucleolar retention of human guanine nucleotide binding protein, GNL3L.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	G protein nucleolar 3 like	Homo sapiens	128-133
17143282-3	2007	Here, we report that 22 of 129 individuals with Noonan syndrome without PTPN11 or KRAS mutation have missense mutations in SOS1, which encodes a RAS-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	158-176	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
17062564-8	2006	Guanine nucleotide binding and exchange on eRF3, which therefore depends on stimulation by eRF1, is entirely different from that on prokaryotic RF3 and unusual among GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	eukaryotic translation termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
17007612-0	2006	The Dbs PH domain contributes independently to membrane targeting and regulation of guanine nucleotide-exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence like	Homo sapiens	4-7
17128987-1	2006	We have previously shown that redox agents including superoxide anion radical and nitrogen dioxide can react with GXXXXGK(S/T)C motif-containing GTPases (i.e., Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA) to stimulate guanine nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	196-214	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
17128987-1	2006	We have previously shown that redox agents including superoxide anion radical and nitrogen dioxide can react with GXXXXGK(S/T)C motif-containing GTPases (i.e., Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA) to stimulate guanine nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	196-214	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	166-171
17128987-1	2006	We have previously shown that redox agents including superoxide anion radical and nitrogen dioxide can react with GXXXXGK(S/T)C motif-containing GTPases (i.e., Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA) to stimulate guanine nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	196-214	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	177-181
17128987-3	2006	While reaction of redox agents with RhoA stimulates guanine nucleotide dissociation, RhoA is subsequently inactivated through formation of an intramolecular disulfide that prevents guanine nucleotide binding thereby causing RhoA inactivation.	Guanine Nucleotides	181-199	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	36-40
17128987-3	2006	While reaction of redox agents with RhoA stimulates guanine nucleotide dissociation, RhoA is subsequently inactivated through formation of an intramolecular disulfide that prevents guanine nucleotide binding thereby causing RhoA inactivation.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	36-40
17128987-3	2006	While reaction of redox agents with RhoA stimulates guanine nucleotide dissociation, RhoA is subsequently inactivated through formation of an intramolecular disulfide that prevents guanine nucleotide binding thereby causing RhoA inactivation.	Guanine Nucleotides	181-199	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	85-89
16781119-6	2006	On the other hand, SDF-1-induced activation of the Erk signaling pathway as well as chemotaxis was inhibited by overexpression of a CrkL mutant lacking the N-terminal SH3 domain, which mediates interaction with various signaling molecules including guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras and Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	249-267	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12	Mus musculus	19-24
17128987-3	2006	While reaction of redox agents with RhoA stimulates guanine nucleotide dissociation, RhoA is subsequently inactivated through formation of an intramolecular disulfide that prevents guanine nucleotide binding thereby causing RhoA inactivation.	Guanine Nucleotides	181-199	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	85-89
16781119-6	2006	On the other hand, SDF-1-induced activation of the Erk signaling pathway as well as chemotaxis was inhibited by overexpression of a CrkL mutant lacking the N-terminal SH3 domain, which mediates interaction with various signaling molecules including guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras and Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	249-267	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	51-54
16781119-6	2006	On the other hand, SDF-1-induced activation of the Erk signaling pathway as well as chemotaxis was inhibited by overexpression of a CrkL mutant lacking the N-terminal SH3 domain, which mediates interaction with various signaling molecules including guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras and Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	249-267	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog-like	Mus musculus	132-136
16968698-3	2006	However, molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding this protein (p220) revealed that it was highly related to Zizimin-1 and identical in sequence to a gene product in the data base designated DOCK11, which are members of the DOCK180 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Cdc42 and Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	240-258	Ral GTPase activating protein catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	62-66
17085049-2	2006	In particular, identification of a novel phospholipase C isoform, PLC epsilon, which also incorporates domains for guanine nucleotide exchange and Ras binding, have prompted an interest in the interplay between small GTPases and phospholipase C and possible significance of these interconnectivities.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2	Homo sapiens	66-69
17084389-1	2006	The Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange region of hSos1 consists of two consecutive domains: the catalytic core (residues 742-1024) contains all residues binding to Ras, including the catalytic hairpin, and an upstream REM domain (residues 553-741), so called because it contains an evolutionary conserved Ras Exchange Motif (REM).	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
16973695-1	2006	Epac is an acronym for the exchange proteins activated directly by cyclic AMP, a family of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMPGEFs) that mediate protein kinase A (PKA)-independent signal transduction properties of the second messenger cAMP.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
16968698-3	2006	However, molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding this protein (p220) revealed that it was highly related to Zizimin-1 and identical in sequence to a gene product in the data base designated DOCK11, which are members of the DOCK180 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Cdc42 and Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	240-258	dedicator of cytokinesis 11	Homo sapiens	189-195
16968698-3	2006	However, molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding this protein (p220) revealed that it was highly related to Zizimin-1 and identical in sequence to a gene product in the data base designated DOCK11, which are members of the DOCK180 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Cdc42 and Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	240-258	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	222-229
17127620-5	2006	In contrast, the guanine nucleotide exchange defective ARFRP1 mutant (ARFRP1-T31N) clusters within the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	ADP-ribosylation factor related protein 1	Mus musculus	55-61
17075039-1	2006	The Ras-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors Son of sevenless (Sos) and Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 (RasGRF1) transduce extracellular stimuli into Ras activation by catalyzing the exchange of Ras-bound GDP for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	80-121
17075039-1	2006	The Ras-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors Son of sevenless (Sos) and Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 (RasGRF1) transduce extracellular stimuli into Ras activation by catalyzing the exchange of Ras-bound GDP for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	123-130
17052213-8	2006	Thus the signals from Ras and PI3K converge at the level of Ral GEFs (guanine nucleotide-exchange factors), and this convergence restricts the area of RalA activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	151-155
17056570-2	2006	Clustering of FcgammaRs results in the activation of Vav proteins, Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and results in robust superoxide generation through the NADPH oxidase.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	53-56
17056570-2	2006	Clustering of FcgammaRs results in the activation of Vav proteins, Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and results in robust superoxide generation through the NADPH oxidase.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	71-74
17127620-5	2006	In contrast, the guanine nucleotide exchange defective ARFRP1 mutant (ARFRP1-T31N) clusters within the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	ADP-ribosylation factor related protein 1	Mus musculus	70-76
17016598-1	2006	The ECT2 (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2) proto-oncogene encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases, and regulates cytokinesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	10-49
16923811-2	2006	Because the GTP- or GDP-locked mutant of Rab27A causes perinuclear aggregation of melanosomes, appropriate GTP-GDP cycling of Rab27A is essential for melanosome transport, and certain guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) of Rab27A must be present in melanocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-47
17016598-1	2006	The ECT2 (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2) proto-oncogene encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases, and regulates cytokinesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	4-8
16990799-0	2006	An eIF5/eIF2 complex antagonizes guanine nucleotide exchange by eIF2B during translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	3-7
16990799-8	2006	We propose that the eIF2/eIF5 complex represents a cytoplasmic reservoir for eIF2 that antagonizes eIF2B-promoted guanine nucleotide exchange, enabling coordinated regulation of translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	20-24
16990799-0	2006	An eIF5/eIF2 complex antagonizes guanine nucleotide exchange by eIF2B during translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	8-12
16990799-8	2006	We propose that the eIF2/eIF5 complex represents a cytoplasmic reservoir for eIF2 that antagonizes eIF2B-promoted guanine nucleotide exchange, enabling coordinated regulation of translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	25-29
16990799-0	2006	An eIF5/eIF2 complex antagonizes guanine nucleotide exchange by eIF2B during translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	64-69
16990799-8	2006	We propose that the eIF2/eIF5 complex represents a cytoplasmic reservoir for eIF2 that antagonizes eIF2B-promoted guanine nucleotide exchange, enabling coordinated regulation of translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	77-81
16990799-8	2006	We propose that the eIF2/eIF5 complex represents a cytoplasmic reservoir for eIF2 that antagonizes eIF2B-promoted guanine nucleotide exchange, enabling coordinated regulation of translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	99-104
16990799-1	2006	In eukaryotic translation initiation, the eIF2.GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) binds the eIF3/eIF1/eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), whereas eIF2.GDP binds the pentameric factor eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	216-234	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	42-46
16990799-1	2006	In eukaryotic translation initiation, the eIF2.GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) binds the eIF3/eIF1/eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), whereas eIF2.GDP binds the pentameric factor eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	216-234	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A	Homo sapiens	99-103
16990799-1	2006	In eukaryotic translation initiation, the eIF2.GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) binds the eIF3/eIF1/eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), whereas eIF2.GDP binds the pentameric factor eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	216-234	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
16990799-1	2006	In eukaryotic translation initiation, the eIF2.GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) binds the eIF3/eIF1/eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), whereas eIF2.GDP binds the pentameric factor eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	216-234	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	109-113
16652149-5	2006	Using siRNA to suppress expression of the three known G-protein alpha-subunit-associated RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we also show that two of these RhoA GEFs, PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), link bombesin receptors to RhoA in a non-redundant manner in PC cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	89-93
16652149-5	2006	Using siRNA to suppress expression of the three known G-protein alpha-subunit-associated RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we also show that two of these RhoA GEFs, PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), link bombesin receptors to RhoA in a non-redundant manner in PC cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	169-173
16652149-5	2006	Using siRNA to suppress expression of the three known G-protein alpha-subunit-associated RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we also show that two of these RhoA GEFs, PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), link bombesin receptors to RhoA in a non-redundant manner in PC cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	180-190
16652149-5	2006	Using siRNA to suppress expression of the three known G-protein alpha-subunit-associated RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we also show that two of these RhoA GEFs, PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), link bombesin receptors to RhoA in a non-redundant manner in PC cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	195-221
16652149-5	2006	Using siRNA to suppress expression of the three known G-protein alpha-subunit-associated RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we also show that two of these RhoA GEFs, PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), link bombesin receptors to RhoA in a non-redundant manner in PC cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	223-227
16652149-5	2006	Using siRNA to suppress expression of the three known G-protein alpha-subunit-associated RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we also show that two of these RhoA GEFs, PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), link bombesin receptors to RhoA in a non-redundant manner in PC cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	235-243
16652149-5	2006	Using siRNA to suppress expression of the three known G-protein alpha-subunit-associated RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we also show that two of these RhoA GEFs, PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), link bombesin receptors to RhoA in a non-redundant manner in PC cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	169-173
16298104-0	2006	G-protein alpha subunit interaction and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor activity of the dual GoLoco motif protein PCP-2 (Purkinje cell protein-2).	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	Purkinje cell protein 2	Homo sapiens	124-129
16914744-1	2006	Cybr (also known as Cytip, CASP, and PSCDBP) is an interleukin-12-induced gene expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and tissues that associates with Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors known as cytohesins.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	cytohesin 1 interacting protein	Mus musculus	0-4
16914744-1	2006	Cybr (also known as Cytip, CASP, and PSCDBP) is an interleukin-12-induced gene expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and tissues that associates with Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors known as cytohesins.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	cytohesin 1 interacting protein	Mus musculus	20-25
16914744-1	2006	Cybr (also known as Cytip, CASP, and PSCDBP) is an interleukin-12-induced gene expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and tissues that associates with Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors known as cytohesins.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	cartilage associated protein	Mus musculus	27-31
16914744-1	2006	Cybr (also known as Cytip, CASP, and PSCDBP) is an interleukin-12-induced gene expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and tissues that associates with Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors known as cytohesins.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	cytohesin 1 interacting protein	Mus musculus	37-43
16868024-5	2006	In addition, we describe a novel interaction between palladin and Eps8, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) substrate that participates in the activation of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange function of Sos-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein	Homo sapiens	53-61
16868024-5	2006	In addition, we describe a novel interaction between palladin and Eps8, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) substrate that participates in the activation of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange function of Sos-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8	Homo sapiens	66-70
16868024-5	2006	In addition, we describe a novel interaction between palladin and Eps8, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) substrate that participates in the activation of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange function of Sos-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	ret proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	74-98
16868024-5	2006	In addition, we describe a novel interaction between palladin and Eps8, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) substrate that participates in the activation of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange function of Sos-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	ret proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	100-103
16868024-5	2006	In addition, we describe a novel interaction between palladin and Eps8, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) substrate that participates in the activation of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange function of Sos-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	211-216
16298104-0	2006	G-protein alpha subunit interaction and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor activity of the dual GoLoco motif protein PCP-2 (Purkinje cell protein-2).	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	Purkinje cell protein 2	Homo sapiens	131-154
16298104-4	2006	We demonstrate that the first GoLoco motif (GL1) of PCP-2 is equipotent as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) towards Galphai1 and Galphai2, while it has sevenfold lower GDI activity for Galphai3 and greater than 20-fold lower GDI activity against Galphao.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Purkinje cell protein 2	Homo sapiens	52-57
16698001-8	2006	AngII altered neither expression nor tyrosine phosphorylation of GTPase activating protein GAP-p190 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Vav and Tiam.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
16687576-3	2006	We find that Hsp90 forms a complex with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) to direct recycling of the client substrate Rab1 required for endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi transport.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
16687576-3	2006	We find that Hsp90 forms a complex with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) to direct recycling of the client substrate Rab1 required for endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi transport.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	132-136
16896804-1	2006	According to cDNA sequence homologies, Gef10 is related to the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors GrinchGEF and p164-RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10	Homo sapiens	39-44
16896804-1	2006	According to cDNA sequence homologies, Gef10 is related to the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors GrinchGEF and p164-RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 like	Homo sapiens	112-121
16896804-1	2006	According to cDNA sequence homologies, Gef10 is related to the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors GrinchGEF and p164-RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 17	Homo sapiens	126-137
16717093-0	2006	The importance of P-loop and domain movements in EF-Tu for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	49-54
16841939-1	2006	P21ras, the translation product of the most commonly mutated oncogene, is a small guanine nucleotide exchange protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-6
16698001-9	2006	Transaortic constriction as well as AngII increased the binding of Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDIalpha) to Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	36-41
16698001-9	2006	Transaortic constriction as well as AngII increased the binding of Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDIalpha) to Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	114-125
16698001-9	2006	Transaortic constriction as well as AngII increased the binding of Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDIalpha) to Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	130-134
16714282-0	2006	Caveolin-1 functions as a novel Cdc42 guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor in pancreatic beta-cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	0-10
16714282-0	2006	Caveolin-1 functions as a novel Cdc42 guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor in pancreatic beta-cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	32-37
16714282-5	2006	Analyses of the Cav-1 scaffolding domain revealed a motif conserved in guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which suggested a novel role for Cav-1 as a Cdc42 GDI in beta-cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	16-21
16857012-6	2006	In addition, we show that recombinant septin 2 binds guanine nucleotides with a Kd of 0.28 microm for GTPgammaS and 1.75 microm for GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-72	septin 2	Homo sapiens	38-46
16714282-5	2006	Analyses of the Cav-1 scaffolding domain revealed a motif conserved in guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which suggested a novel role for Cav-1 as a Cdc42 GDI in beta-cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	155-160
16714282-5	2006	Analyses of the Cav-1 scaffolding domain revealed a motif conserved in guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which suggested a novel role for Cav-1 as a Cdc42 GDI in beta-cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	166-171
16763112-3	2006	We found that budding yeast Polo-like kinase Cdc5 controls the targeting and activation of Rho1 (RhoA) at the division site via Rho1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	polo kinase CDC5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	45-49
16763112-3	2006	We found that budding yeast Polo-like kinase Cdc5 controls the targeting and activation of Rho1 (RhoA) at the division site via Rho1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	91-95
16763112-3	2006	We found that budding yeast Polo-like kinase Cdc5 controls the targeting and activation of Rho1 (RhoA) at the division site via Rho1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	128-132
16644737-4	2006	Reduced Rab9 degradation was accompanied by stabilization on endosome membranes, as shown by a reduction in the capacity of Rab9 for guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-mediated extraction from Niemann-Pick type C membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	8-12
16684890-7	2006	The adaptor protein, Src homology 2 domain-containing leukocyte phosphoprotein of 76 kDa, which relays signals to downstream signaling components, also showed reduced phosphorylation, which correlated with reduced VAV guanine nucleotide exchange factors association.	Guanine Nucleotides	218-236	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	214-217
16784226-8	2006	We showed that expression of the limit functional domain of Cdc42GAP inhibited Cdc42[F28L]-induced transformation, as well as selectively reversed the transformed phenotypes caused by the hyperactivation of wild-type Cdc42 in cells expressing the oncogenic version of Dbl (for Diffuse B cell lymphoma), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 and the related Rac and Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	305-323	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Mus musculus	60-68
16784226-8	2006	We showed that expression of the limit functional domain of Cdc42GAP inhibited Cdc42[F28L]-induced transformation, as well as selectively reversed the transformed phenotypes caused by the hyperactivation of wild-type Cdc42 in cells expressing the oncogenic version of Dbl (for Diffuse B cell lymphoma), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 and the related Rac and Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	305-323	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	60-65
16784226-8	2006	We showed that expression of the limit functional domain of Cdc42GAP inhibited Cdc42[F28L]-induced transformation, as well as selectively reversed the transformed phenotypes caused by the hyperactivation of wild-type Cdc42 in cells expressing the oncogenic version of Dbl (for Diffuse B cell lymphoma), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 and the related Rac and Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	305-323	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	79-84
16784226-8	2006	We showed that expression of the limit functional domain of Cdc42GAP inhibited Cdc42[F28L]-induced transformation, as well as selectively reversed the transformed phenotypes caused by the hyperactivation of wild-type Cdc42 in cells expressing the oncogenic version of Dbl (for Diffuse B cell lymphoma), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 and the related Rac and Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	305-323	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	268-271
16784226-8	2006	We showed that expression of the limit functional domain of Cdc42GAP inhibited Cdc42[F28L]-induced transformation, as well as selectively reversed the transformed phenotypes caused by the hyperactivation of wild-type Cdc42 in cells expressing the oncogenic version of Dbl (for Diffuse B cell lymphoma), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 and the related Rac and Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	305-323	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	277-300
16784226-8	2006	We showed that expression of the limit functional domain of Cdc42GAP inhibited Cdc42[F28L]-induced transformation, as well as selectively reversed the transformed phenotypes caused by the hyperactivation of wild-type Cdc42 in cells expressing the oncogenic version of Dbl (for Diffuse B cell lymphoma), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 and the related Rac and Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	305-323	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	79-84
16644737-4	2006	Reduced Rab9 degradation was accompanied by stabilization on endosome membranes, as shown by a reduction in the capacity of Rab9 for guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-mediated extraction from Niemann-Pick type C membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	124-128
16731615-3	2006	The guanine nucleotide addition reaction catalyzed by Thg1 extends the polynucleotide chain in the reverse (3"-5") direction of other known polymerases, albeit by one nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	tRNA guanylyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	54-58
16597700-2	2006	Solubility in the cytosol is conferred by binding of Rac to guanine-nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
16778203-1	2006	The epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (ECT2), a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases, is required for cytokinesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	4-43
16778203-1	2006	The epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (ECT2), a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases, is required for cytokinesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
16434554-7	2006	This is accompanied by inhibition of activity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B that is responsible for GDP-GTP exchange on eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	88-93
16434554-7	2006	This is accompanied by inhibition of activity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B that is responsible for GDP-GTP exchange on eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	88-92
17090539-2	2007	In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Rho-type small GTPase Cdc42 is activated by its guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Cdc24 to polarize the cell for budding and mating.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	55-60
17090539-2	2007	In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Rho-type small GTPase Cdc42 is activated by its guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Cdc24 to polarize the cell for budding and mating.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	116-121
16629901-7	2006	Moreover, this enhancement on ERK activation and the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ric-8A for Galphaq were inhibited by Gq selective inhibitor YM-254890.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	93-99
16625026-1	2006	All eukaryotic tRNA(His) molecules are unique among tRNA species because they require addition of a guanine nucleotide at the -1 position by tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase, encoded in yeast by THG1.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	tRNA guanylyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	192-196
16687250-2	2006	At least some can also influence Galpha activity through either effector antagonism or by acting as guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	33-39
16616186-0	2006	The crystal structure of Cdc42 in complex with collybistin II, a gephyrin-interacting guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	25-30
16616186-0	2006	The crystal structure of Cdc42 in complex with collybistin II, a gephyrin-interacting guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9	Homo sapiens	47-58
16616186-0	2006	The crystal structure of Cdc42 in complex with collybistin II, a gephyrin-interacting guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	gephyrin	Homo sapiens	65-73
16616186-5	2006	Collybistin belongs to the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, occurs in multiple splice variants, and is specific for Cdc42, a small GTPase belonging to the Rho family.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9	Homo sapiens	0-11
16580637-2	2006	In the present study, to identify the interacting proteins of Oog1, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screening using a GV-oocyte cDNA library and found that Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) is the binding partner of Oog1.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	156-159
16580637-2	2006	In the present study, to identify the interacting proteins of Oog1, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screening using a GV-oocyte cDNA library and found that Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) is the binding partner of Oog1.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	204-210
16484220-1	2006	ARNO is a guanine-nucleotide exchange protein for the ARF family of GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
16629901-7	2006	Moreover, this enhancement on ERK activation and the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ric-8A for Galphaq were inhibited by Gq selective inhibitor YM-254890.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	104-111
16582624-7	2006	Moreover, the in vivo rate of eIF2 shuttling correlates with changes in guanine nucleotide exchange activity implicating this large cytoplasmic focus as a site of guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	30-34
16648489-7	2006	Correspondingly, expression of constitutively active versions of these effectors confirmed the overriding importance of Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	120-123
16527308-2	2006	The direct interaction of PAKs with guanine nucleotide exchange factors from the PIX/Cool family, which is responsible for the localization of PAK kinases to focal complexes in the cell, is mediated by a 24-residue peptide segment in PAKs and an N-terminal src homology 3 (SH3) domain in PIX/Cool.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 2	Homo sapiens	26-29
16527308-2	2006	The direct interaction of PAKs with guanine nucleotide exchange factors from the PIX/Cool family, which is responsible for the localization of PAK kinases to focal complexes in the cell, is mediated by a 24-residue peptide segment in PAKs and an N-terminal src homology 3 (SH3) domain in PIX/Cool.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	257-260
16500620-1	2006	Recently, the truncated TrkB receptor, T1, has been reported to be involved in the control of cell morphology via the regulation of Rho proteins, through which T1 binds Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (Rho GDI) 1 and dissociates it in a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
16500620-1	2006	Recently, the truncated TrkB receptor, T1, has been reported to be involved in the control of cell morphology via the regulation of Rho proteins, through which T1 binds Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (Rho GDI) 1 and dissociates it in a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	216-226
16500620-1	2006	Recently, the truncated TrkB receptor, T1, has been reported to be involved in the control of cell morphology via the regulation of Rho proteins, through which T1 binds Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (Rho GDI) 1 and dissociates it in a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	251-284
16500620-1	2006	Recently, the truncated TrkB receptor, T1, has been reported to be involved in the control of cell morphology via the regulation of Rho proteins, through which T1 binds Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (Rho GDI) 1 and dissociates it in a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	286-290
16378743-6	2006	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) mutations cause a decrease in guanine nucleotide exchange activity on eIF2-GDP, resulting in increased susceptibility to stress and enhanced ATF4 expression during endoplasmic reticulum stress.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	0-43
16378743-6	2006	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) mutations cause a decrease in guanine nucleotide exchange activity on eIF2-GDP, resulting in increased susceptibility to stress and enhanced ATF4 expression during endoplasmic reticulum stress.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	45-50
16378743-6	2006	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) mutations cause a decrease in guanine nucleotide exchange activity on eIF2-GDP, resulting in increased susceptibility to stress and enhanced ATF4 expression during endoplasmic reticulum stress.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	45-49
16378743-6	2006	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) mutations cause a decrease in guanine nucleotide exchange activity on eIF2-GDP, resulting in increased susceptibility to stress and enhanced ATF4 expression during endoplasmic reticulum stress.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	193-197
16582624-7	2006	Moreover, the in vivo rate of eIF2 shuttling correlates with changes in guanine nucleotide exchange activity implicating this large cytoplasmic focus as a site of guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	30-34
16525121-2	2006	Rab5 is regulated by VPS9-domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
16337026-1	2006	Alpha and betaPIX belong to the group of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that mediate activation of members of the Rho GTPase family, in particular Rac1 and Cdc42, by stimulating the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	10-17
16337026-1	2006	Alpha and betaPIX belong to the group of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that mediate activation of members of the Rho GTPase family, in particular Rac1 and Cdc42, by stimulating the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
16337026-1	2006	Alpha and betaPIX belong to the group of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that mediate activation of members of the Rho GTPase family, in particular Rac1 and Cdc42, by stimulating the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	168-173
16630046-8	2006	The activation of RhoA by L-glutamate was partly through the up-regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange factor phosphorylation and was abrogated by competitive nonsubstrate inhibitors.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	18-22
16525121-4	2006	Varp interacts preferentially with GDP-bound Rab21 and has a much stronger guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards Rab21 than Rab5.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	ankyrin repeat domain 27	Homo sapiens	0-4
16525121-4	2006	Varp interacts preferentially with GDP-bound Rab21 and has a much stronger guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards Rab21 than Rab5.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	RAB21, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	120-125
16415107-6	2006	S-glutathiolation also promoted guanine nucleotide exchange of recombinant p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	75-81
16234258-0	2006	Association of genetic variants in the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor AKAP13 with familial breast cancer.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	A-kinase anchoring protein 13	Homo sapiens	78-84
16234258-1	2006	The A-kinase anchor protein 13 (AKAP13, alias BRX and lbc) tethers cAMP-dependent protein kinase to its subcellular environment and catalyses Rho GTPases activity as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	A-kinase anchoring protein 13	Homo sapiens	4-30
16234258-1	2006	The A-kinase anchor protein 13 (AKAP13, alias BRX and lbc) tethers cAMP-dependent protein kinase to its subcellular environment and catalyses Rho GTPases activity as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	A-kinase anchoring protein 13	Homo sapiens	32-38
16234258-1	2006	The A-kinase anchor protein 13 (AKAP13, alias BRX and lbc) tethers cAMP-dependent protein kinase to its subcellular environment and catalyses Rho GTPases activity as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	cysteine rich hydrophobic domain 1	Homo sapiens	46-49
16507992-3	2006	PKA-independent activation of Rap1 by cAMP is mediated by direct binding of cAMP to Rap1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rap1-GEFs) Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1) and Epac2 (Epac1 and Epac2 are also called cAMP-GEFI and -GEFII).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-34
16507992-3	2006	PKA-independent activation of Rap1 by cAMP is mediated by direct binding of cAMP to Rap1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rap1-GEFs) Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1) and Epac2 (Epac1 and Epac2 are also called cAMP-GEFI and -GEFII).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-88
16507992-3	2006	PKA-independent activation of Rap1 by cAMP is mediated by direct binding of cAMP to Rap1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rap1-GEFs) Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1) and Epac2 (Epac1 and Epac2 are also called cAMP-GEFI and -GEFII).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-88
16507992-3	2006	PKA-independent activation of Rap1 by cAMP is mediated by direct binding of cAMP to Rap1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rap1-GEFs) Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1) and Epac2 (Epac1 and Epac2 are also called cAMP-GEFI and -GEFII).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	137-142
16507992-3	2006	PKA-independent activation of Rap1 by cAMP is mediated by direct binding of cAMP to Rap1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rap1-GEFs) Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1) and Epac2 (Epac1 and Epac2 are also called cAMP-GEFI and -GEFII).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	144-189
16507992-3	2006	PKA-independent activation of Rap1 by cAMP is mediated by direct binding of cAMP to Rap1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rap1-GEFs) Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1) and Epac2 (Epac1 and Epac2 are also called cAMP-GEFI and -GEFII).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	195-200
16507992-3	2006	PKA-independent activation of Rap1 by cAMP is mediated by direct binding of cAMP to Rap1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rap1-GEFs) Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1) and Epac2 (Epac1 and Epac2 are also called cAMP-GEFI and -GEFII).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	202-207
16507992-3	2006	PKA-independent activation of Rap1 by cAMP is mediated by direct binding of cAMP to Rap1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rap1-GEFs) Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1) and Epac2 (Epac1 and Epac2 are also called cAMP-GEFI and -GEFII).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	212-217
16407276-1	2006	Rabex-5, the mammalian orthologue of yeast Vps9p, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
16407276-1	2006	Rabex-5, the mammalian orthologue of yeast Vps9p, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	43-48
16213650-11	2006	This work demonstrates that Rap2C is a new member of the Rap2 subfamily of proteins, able to bind guanine nucleotides with peculiar properties, and differently expressed by various hematopoietic subsets.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-117	RAP2C, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-33
16213650-11	2006	This work demonstrates that Rap2C is a new member of the Rap2 subfamily of proteins, able to bind guanine nucleotides with peculiar properties, and differently expressed by various hematopoietic subsets.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-117	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-32
16507992-1	2006	Like other small G proteins of the Ras superfamily, Rap1 is activated by distinct guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) in response to different signals to elicit cellular responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	52-56
16410077-4	2006	We show that the Vps9 domain is sufficient for the interaction of RAP6 with GDP-bound Rab5 and that RAP6 stimulates Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	GTPase activating protein and VPS9 domains 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
16410077-4	2006	We show that the Vps9 domain is sufficient for the interaction of RAP6 with GDP-bound Rab5 and that RAP6 stimulates Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	116-120
16309856-6	2006	One is a novel protein, a rat version of Purbeta that binds to a guanine nucleotide pair at -145 and -144 to modulate constitutive galectin-3 gene transcription.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	purine rich element binding protein B	Rattus norvegicus	41-48
16246175-2	2006	RGS14 accelerates GTP hydrolysis by G(ialpha) family members through its RGS domain and suppresses guanine nucleotide dissociation from G(ialpha1) and G(ialpha3) subunits through its C-terminal GoLoco domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	0-5
16246175-2	2006	RGS14 accelerates GTP hydrolysis by G(ialpha) family members through its RGS domain and suppresses guanine nucleotide dissociation from G(ialpha1) and G(ialpha3) subunits through its C-terminal GoLoco domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
16316996-1	2006	Epac-1 and -2 (exchange proteins directly activated by cyclic AMP) are guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for the GTPases Rap1 and -2.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-13
16316996-1	2006	Epac-1 and -2 (exchange proteins directly activated by cyclic AMP) are guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for the GTPases Rap1 and -2.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-134
16309856-6	2006	One is a novel protein, a rat version of Purbeta that binds to a guanine nucleotide pair at -145 and -144 to modulate constitutive galectin-3 gene transcription.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	galectin 3	Rattus norvegicus	131-141
16452216-1	2006	EFA6A, or Pleckstrin and Sec7 domain protein, is a member of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-5
16411892-4	2006	This review will outline the RhoA/Rho-kinase signalling pathway, including the upstream regulators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GDP dissociation inhibitors and GTPase-activating proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	29-33
16321985-1	2006	ALS2/alsin is a member of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase Rab5 (Rab5GEFs), which act as modulators in endocytic pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Mus musculus	0-4
16449645-6	2006	Inactivation of the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 inhibited Smad3 export and led to nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated Smad3.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	20-23
16449645-6	2006	Inactivation of the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 inhibited Smad3 export and led to nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated Smad3.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
16449645-6	2006	Inactivation of the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 inhibited Smad3 export and led to nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated Smad3.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	SMAD family member 3	Homo sapiens	74-79
16449645-6	2006	Inactivation of the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 inhibited Smad3 export and led to nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated Smad3.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	SMAD family member 3	Homo sapiens	137-142
16301321-3	2006	We examined which of the multiple G protein alpha and betagamma subunits activate P-Rex1-mediated Rac guanine nucleotide exchange using pure, recombinant proteins reconstituted into synthetic lipid vesicles.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	82-88
16452216-1	2006	EFA6A, or Pleckstrin and Sec7 domain protein, is a member of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	10-20
16452216-1	2006	EFA6A, or Pleckstrin and Sec7 domain protein, is a member of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	101-126
16452216-1	2006	EFA6A, or Pleckstrin and Sec7 domain protein, is a member of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	128-132
16301320-5	2006	Phosphorylation of P-Rex1 with protein kinase A (PKA) inhibits the PIP(3)- and Gbetagamma-stimulated P-Rex1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity on Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	19-25
16301320-5	2006	Phosphorylation of P-Rex1 with protein kinase A (PKA) inhibits the PIP(3)- and Gbetagamma-stimulated P-Rex1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity on Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	101-107
16301320-5	2006	Phosphorylation of P-Rex1 with protein kinase A (PKA) inhibits the PIP(3)- and Gbetagamma-stimulated P-Rex1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity on Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	148-151
16321985-1	2006	ALS2/alsin is a member of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase Rab5 (Rab5GEFs), which act as modulators in endocytic pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Mus musculus	5-10
16154268-1	2006	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) to heterotrimeric G proteins of the Galphai/o class.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-34
16154268-1	2006	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) to heterotrimeric G proteins of the Galphai/o class.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
16757313-6	2006	The second involves the measurement of Rheb-associated guanine nucleotides as measure of TSC2 GAP activity on Rheb in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-74	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	39-43
17111235-1	2006	Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) regulate the activity of Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	48-55
16397238-4	2006	Vav proteins are guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases that regulate actin dynamics and gene expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
16472651-5	2006	Such dissociation would likely be tightly coupled to GEF-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange and membrane association of the activated GTPase, resulting in effector binding and functional responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	53-56
16472676-3	2006	Smurf1 interacts with the dominant inactive form of RhoA, RhoA N19, which binds constitutively to guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
16757313-6	2006	The second involves the measurement of Rheb-associated guanine nucleotides as measure of TSC2 GAP activity on Rheb in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-74	TSC complex subunit 2	Homo sapiens	89-93
16472676-3	2006	Smurf1 interacts with the dominant inactive form of RhoA, RhoA N19, which binds constitutively to guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	52-56
16472676-3	2006	Smurf1 interacts with the dominant inactive form of RhoA, RhoA N19, which binds constitutively to guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	58-62
16757323-1	2006	PDZ-GEFs represent one of four types of highly conserved Rap-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
16757313-6	2006	The second involves the measurement of Rheb-associated guanine nucleotides as measure of TSC2 GAP activity on Rheb in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-74	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	110-114
16757319-3	2006	The RalGDS-related (Rgr) oncogene belongs to the RalGDS family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	4-10
16757332-3	2006	PLCepsilon also contains a CDC25 homology domain, which enhances guanine nucleotide exchange on Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	27-32
16757332-3	2006	PLCepsilon also contains a CDC25 homology domain, which enhances guanine nucleotide exchange on Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	96-100
16757319-3	2006	The RalGDS-related (Rgr) oncogene belongs to the RalGDS family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	49-55
16914449-7	2006	The guanine nucleotide binding properties of eRF3 and of the eRF3*eRF1 complex profoundly differ from those of prokaryotic RF3.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	eukaryotic translation termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
15957163-3	2005	A single nucleotide polymorphism has been described in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) promoter that consists of either the presence or absence of a guanine nucleotide at position -1607.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	59-85
15957163-3	2005	A single nucleotide polymorphism has been described in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) promoter that consists of either the presence or absence of a guanine nucleotide at position -1607.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	87-92
16246094-0	2005	Arf, Sec7 and Brefeldin A: a model towards the therapeutic inhibition of guanine nucleotide-exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	5-9
16293724-2	2005	We show that PGE2 stimulates colon cancer cell growth through its heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor, EP2, by a signaling route that involves the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and the protein kinase Akt by free G protein betagamma subunits and the direct association of the G protein alphas subunit with the regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain of axin.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	prostaglandin E receptor 2	Homo sapiens	146-149
16293244-7	2005	The Y1 binding of neuropeptide Y was also less sensitive to chaotropic agents and guanine nucleotides than the binding of peptide YY, indicating a larger stability for association of neuropeptide Y with the receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-101	neuropeptide Y	Homo sapiens	18-32
16306222-8	2005	Consistent with this, deletion of the ROM2 gene, which encodes a major Rho1p guanine-nucleotide exchange factor, bypassed the lethal effect of PtdIns(3)P accumulation in ymr1Delta sjl2Delta sjl3Delta triple-mutant cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	38-42
16306222-8	2005	Consistent with this, deletion of the ROM2 gene, which encodes a major Rho1p guanine-nucleotide exchange factor, bypassed the lethal effect of PtdIns(3)P accumulation in ymr1Delta sjl2Delta sjl3Delta triple-mutant cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	71-76
16284308-7	2005	However, PHF1 lacks most of the conserved residues in SEC12 proteins essential as guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	phosphate transporter traffic facilitator1	Arabidopsis thaliana	9-13
16170304-3	2005	ect-2 encodes the Caenorhabditis elegans orthologue of the mouse Ect2 and Drosophila Pebble that function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	ECT2 (mammalian Rho GEF) homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
16170304-3	2005	ect-2 encodes the Caenorhabditis elegans orthologue of the mouse Ect2 and Drosophila Pebble that function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	ect2 oncogene	Mus musculus	65-69
16314529-0	2005	Modulation of muscle regeneration, myogenesis, and adipogenesis by the Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEFT.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 25	Mus musculus	117-121
16082709-1	2005	The regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) and RGS-like proteins are a diverse family of over 30 molecules that function as GTPase activating proteins for Galpha subunits of the Gq and Gi families of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
16186116-7	2005	Here we show that mutation of the RGD sequence to RGE in the human P2Y(2)R expressed in 1321N1 astrocytoma cells completely prevented UTP-induced chemotaxis as well as activation of G(o), Rac, and Vav2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	205-223	purinergic receptor P2Y2	Homo sapiens	67-74
16129667-3	2005	Here, we show that ChiT can be functionally reconstituted with G(betagamma) as assessed by aluminum fluoride-dependent changes in intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and light-activated rhodopsin-catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
16129667-3	2005	Here, we show that ChiT can be functionally reconstituted with G(betagamma) as assessed by aluminum fluoride-dependent changes in intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and light-activated rhodopsin-catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	184-193
16082709-1	2005	The regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) and RGS-like proteins are a diverse family of over 30 molecules that function as GTPase activating proteins for Galpha subunits of the Gq and Gi families of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	47-50
16137676-1	2005	Vav family proteins act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho family proteins, which are known to orchestrate cytoskeletal changes and cell migration in response to extracellular stimuli.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	0-3
16248653-1	2005	A computational study was performed on the Mg(2+)-free conformations of the small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (GNBPs): Ras, Rho, Rab, Arf, and Ran, which were complexed with GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	151-154
15954862-9	2005	Guanine nucleotides quenched fluorescence emission from a truncated (DeltaPRD) mutant dynamin-1 to the same extent as in the full-length protein, suggesting conformational coupling between the G (groove)-domain and the PH domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	dynamin 1	Homo sapiens	86-95
16228010-3	2005	We establish here that Ric-8, which belongs to a family of guanine nucleotide-exchange factors for Galphai, regulates cortical localization of the subunits Galphai and Gbeta13F.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	G protein beta-subunit 13F	Drosophila melanogaster	168-176
16201754-2	2005	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the Dbl family activate Cdc42 and other Rho GTPases by catalyzing the removal of bound GDP, allowing for GTP loading, and subsequent effector recognition ultimately leading to downstream signaling events.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	43-46
16182283-2	2005	E3b1 is a regulator of Rac because it can form a complex with Sos-1 and eps8, and such a Sos-1-e3B1-eps8 complex serves as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	abl interactor 1	Mus musculus	0-4
16182283-2	2005	E3b1 is a regulator of Rac because it can form a complex with Sos-1 and eps8, and such a Sos-1-e3B1-eps8 complex serves as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	23-26
16182283-2	2005	E3b1 is a regulator of Rac because it can form a complex with Sos-1 and eps8, and such a Sos-1-e3B1-eps8 complex serves as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8	Mus musculus	72-76
16182283-2	2005	E3b1 is a regulator of Rac because it can form a complex with Sos-1 and eps8, and such a Sos-1-e3B1-eps8 complex serves as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	89-94
16182283-2	2005	E3b1 is a regulator of Rac because it can form a complex with Sos-1 and eps8, and such a Sos-1-e3B1-eps8 complex serves as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	abl interactor 1	Mus musculus	95-99
16182283-2	2005	E3b1 is a regulator of Rac because it can form a complex with Sos-1 and eps8, and such a Sos-1-e3B1-eps8 complex serves as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8	Mus musculus	100-104
16182283-2	2005	E3b1 is a regulator of Rac because it can form a complex with Sos-1 and eps8, and such a Sos-1-e3B1-eps8 complex serves as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	164-167
16243026-3	2005	Recent studies have led to the discovery of GPCR-independent activation of Galpha subunits by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RIC-8 in both asymmetric cell division and synaptic vesicle priming in metazoan organisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	75-81
16243026-3	2005	Recent studies have led to the discovery of GPCR-independent activation of Galpha subunits by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RIC-8 in both asymmetric cell division and synaptic vesicle priming in metazoan organisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	133-138
16049005-2	2005	The activity of Rac is stimulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that promote GDP release and GTP binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
16228010-3	2005	We establish here that Ric-8, which belongs to a family of guanine nucleotide-exchange factors for Galphai, regulates cortical localization of the subunits Galphai and Gbeta13F.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	ric8a	Drosophila melanogaster	23-28
16190977-1	2005	Small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 family combine their GDP/GTP cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins, to a cytosol/membrane cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (rhoGDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
16190977-1	2005	Small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 family combine their GDP/GTP cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins, to a cytosol/membrane cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (rhoGDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	42-47
16190977-1	2005	Small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 family combine their GDP/GTP cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins, to a cytosol/membrane cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (rhoGDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
16190977-1	2005	Small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 family combine their GDP/GTP cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins, to a cytosol/membrane cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (rhoGDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	42-47
16201754-2	2005	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the Dbl family activate Cdc42 and other Rho GTPases by catalyzing the removal of bound GDP, allowing for GTP loading, and subsequent effector recognition ultimately leading to downstream signaling events.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	63-68
16213207-2	2005	In this issue of Cell, Norman, Maricq, and colleagues (Norman et al., 2005) show that VAV-1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho-family GTPases, is necessary for three rhythmic behaviors in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans: feeding, defecation, and ovulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	Protein vav-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	86-91
16085653-7	2005	Statin treatment disrupted the interaction of Rac with its negative regulator the Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), an interaction that is dependent on protein isoprenylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	46-49
16085653-7	2005	Statin treatment disrupted the interaction of Rac with its negative regulator the Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), an interaction that is dependent on protein isoprenylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	129-135
16213217-5	2005	Here, we show that the C. elegans Rho/Rac-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor, VAV-1, which is homologous to the mammalian Vav proto-oncogene, has a crucial role in all three behaviors.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	Protein vav-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	85-90
16213217-5	2005	Here, we show that the C. elegans Rho/Rac-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor, VAV-1, which is homologous to the mammalian Vav proto-oncogene, has a crucial role in all three behaviors.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	129-132
16129829-6	2005	Paradoxically, MgcRacGAP, a GTPase-activating protein, associates during cytokinesis with ECT2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RhoA, and the localization of ECT2 to both the central spindle and the contractile ring depends on MgcRacGAP.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	Rac GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	15-24
16289968-6	2005	Fluorescently labeled guanine nucleotides serve as fluorescence reporter groups to investigate the interactions of GTPases of the Rho family (e.g., RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-41	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	148-152
16289968-6	2005	Fluorescently labeled guanine nucleotides serve as fluorescence reporter groups to investigate the interactions of GTPases of the Rho family (e.g., RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-41	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
16289968-6	2005	Fluorescently labeled guanine nucleotides serve as fluorescence reporter groups to investigate the interactions of GTPases of the Rho family (e.g., RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-41	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	164-169
15946753-3	2005	GPSM2 has guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) activity towards both Galpha(o)- and Galpha(i)-subunits; however, a systematic analysis of its individual GoLoco motifs has not been described.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	G protein signaling modulator 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
16162648-8	2005	Using nucleotide exchange assays, we establish that whereas GPR-1/2 acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for GPA-16, as it does for GOA-1, RIC-8 does not exhibit guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity towards GPA-16, in contrast to its effect on GOA-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	G-protein regulator 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	60-67
16024001-5	2005	CYL-26z inhibited the activation of RhoA and dissociation of the RhoA-Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) complex in fMLP-stimulated neutrophils (IC50 1.8+/-1.0 microM and 1.8+/-0.9 microM, respectively).	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	65-69
15972823-7	2005	Consistent with the stimulation of GTP hydrolysis, CSP(1-112) increased guanine nucleotide exchange of G alpha(s).	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5	Homo sapiens	51-54
16157703-7	2005	Three different strategies to decrease the guanine nucleotide exchange function of eIF2B all inhibit eIF2 shuttling into the foci.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	83-88
16157703-7	2005	Three different strategies to decrease the guanine nucleotide exchange function of eIF2B all inhibit eIF2 shuttling into the foci.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	83-87
16157703-8	2005	These results implicate a defined cytoplasmic center of eIF2B in the exchange of guanine nucleotides on the eIF2 translation initiation factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	56-61
16157703-8	2005	These results implicate a defined cytoplasmic center of eIF2B in the exchange of guanine nucleotides on the eIF2 translation initiation factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	56-60
16157703-9	2005	A focused core of eIF2B guanine nucleotide exchange might allow either greater activity or control of this elementary conserved step in the translation pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	18-23
15946753-3	2005	GPSM2 has guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) activity towards both Galpha(o)- and Galpha(i)-subunits; however, a systematic analysis of its individual GoLoco motifs has not been described.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	80-89
16182110-4	2005	As causes for RhoA/ROK downregulation in BS/GS, we hypothesized an alteration at the level of the upstream regulators of RhoA such as reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF), which links activation of G protein-coupled receptors to RhoA/ROK signaling or increased guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), which inhibits dissociation of GDP from GDI maintaining RhoA in an inactive state.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	121-125
16182110-4	2005	As causes for RhoA/ROK downregulation in BS/GS, we hypothesized an alteration at the level of the upstream regulators of RhoA such as reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF), which links activation of G protein-coupled receptors to RhoA/ROK signaling or increased guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), which inhibits dissociation of GDP from GDI maintaining RhoA in an inactive state.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 28	Homo sapiens	196-202
16182110-4	2005	As causes for RhoA/ROK downregulation in BS/GS, we hypothesized an alteration at the level of the upstream regulators of RhoA such as reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF), which links activation of G protein-coupled receptors to RhoA/ROK signaling or increased guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), which inhibits dissociation of GDP from GDI maintaining RhoA in an inactive state.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	121-125
16182110-4	2005	As causes for RhoA/ROK downregulation in BS/GS, we hypothesized an alteration at the level of the upstream regulators of RhoA such as reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF), which links activation of G protein-coupled receptors to RhoA/ROK signaling or increased guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), which inhibits dissociation of GDP from GDI maintaining RhoA in an inactive state.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	121-125
15972823-11	2005	Our results show that the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of full-length CSP is, in turn, regulated by Hsc70-SGT.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5	Homo sapiens	78-81
15972823-11	2005	Our results show that the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of full-length CSP is, in turn, regulated by Hsc70-SGT.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8	Homo sapiens	108-113
16179526-4	2005	Human ferric Ngb has been found to act as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	13-16
15933218-0	2005	Guanine nucleotide exchange-independent activation of Gs protein by beta2-adrenoceptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	68-86
16085057-5	2005	Our results further demonstrate the requirement of the Alsin VPS9 domain for occurrence of the vacuolation process and the role of Alsin as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ALS2	Homo sapiens	131-136
16085057-5	2005	Our results further demonstrate the requirement of the Alsin VPS9 domain for occurrence of the vacuolation process and the role of Alsin as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	181-185
15882147-2	2005	IMPDH1 catalyses the rate-limiting step in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis and also binds single-stranded nucleic acids.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
16323045-1	2005	We have previously computed the structures of three loops, residues 591-596, 654-675 and 742-751, in the ras-p21 protein-binding domain (residues 568-1044) of the guanine nucleotide-exchange-promoting SOS protein that were crystallographically undefined when one molecule of ras-p21 (unbound to nucleotide) binds to SOS.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	279-282
15937128-1	2005	Yeast Gtr1p and its human homolog RRAG A belong to the Ras-like small G-protein superfamily and genetically interact with RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	6-11
15937128-1	2005	Yeast Gtr1p and its human homolog RRAG A belong to the Ras-like small G-protein superfamily and genetically interact with RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
15937128-1	2005	Yeast Gtr1p and its human homolog RRAG A belong to the Ras-like small G-protein superfamily and genetically interact with RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	169-179
16323045-1	2005	We have previously computed the structures of three loops, residues 591-596, 654-675 and 742-751, in the ras-p21 protein-binding domain (residues 568-1044) of the guanine nucleotide-exchange-promoting SOS protein that were crystallographically undefined when one molecule of ras-p21 (unbound to nucleotide) binds to SOS.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
16007223-0	2005	The merlin tumor suppressor interacts with Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator and inhibits its activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	NF2, moesin-ezrin-radixin like (MERLIN) tumor suppressor	Homo sapiens	4-10
16007223-0	2005	The merlin tumor suppressor interacts with Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator and inhibits its activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	43-46
16323045-1	2005	We have previously computed the structures of three loops, residues 591-596, 654-675 and 742-751, in the ras-p21 protein-binding domain (residues 568-1044) of the guanine nucleotide-exchange-promoting SOS protein that were crystallographically undefined when one molecule of ras-p21 (unbound to nucleotide) binds to SOS.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	316-319
16323045-1	2005	We have previously computed the structures of three loops, residues 591-596, 654-675 and 742-751, in the ras-p21 protein-binding domain (residues 568-1044) of the guanine nucleotide-exchange-promoting SOS protein that were crystallographically undefined when one molecule of ras-p21 (unbound to nucleotide) binds to SOS.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	201-204
15811961-2	2005	We show here that the responses of B lymphocytes to LPS require the function of the Vav family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	84-87
15856025-2	2005	Rap1 is transiently activated in response to many incoming signals via a large family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	Rap1 GTPase	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
15860526-2	2005	Here we provide evidence that these actions of GLP-1 are functionally related: they reflect a process of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) that requires activation of protein kinase A (PKA) and the Epac family of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMPGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	glucagon	Mus musculus	47-52
15843430-4	2005	We show that the glo-1 gene encodes a predicted Rab GTPase that localizes to lysosome-related gut granules in the intestine and that glo-4 encodes a possible GLO-1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	Ras-related protein Rab	Caenorhabditis elegans	17-22
15843430-4	2005	We show that the glo-1 gene encodes a predicted Rab GTPase that localizes to lysosome-related gut granules in the intestine and that glo-4 encodes a possible GLO-1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	X-linked retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	133-138
15843430-4	2005	We show that the glo-1 gene encodes a predicted Rab GTPase that localizes to lysosome-related gut granules in the intestine and that glo-4 encodes a possible GLO-1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	Ras-related protein Rab	Caenorhabditis elegans	158-163
15856019-4	2005	In the present study, using guanine nucleotide exchange assay and GST-TPR binding assay, we show that the treatment of Galpha12WT-NIH3T3 with 2 muM LPA leads to the activation of Galpha12.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12	Mus musculus	119-129
15856019-4	2005	In the present study, using guanine nucleotide exchange assay and GST-TPR binding assay, we show that the treatment of Galpha12WT-NIH3T3 with 2 muM LPA leads to the activation of Galpha12.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12	Mus musculus	119-127
15927708-6	2005	However, the guanine nucleotide had no effect on the binding of 125I-[Sar1,Ile8]angiotensin II as has also been reported elsewhere, and may suggest that Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II, being a partial agonist, binds to both the G-protein coupled and uncoupled states of the angiotensin receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	163-177
16026308-4	2005	Coupling to inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein and thus inhibition of adenylyl cyclase has been observed in both receptors but other signal transduction pathways that are regulated or not by these G proteins are differently activated upon ligand-receptor binding including ion channels, sphingomyelin hydrolysis, ceramide generation, phospholipases activation and downstream targets as MAP kinase cascade, PI3K, FAK or NOS regulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	423-426
16004878-0	2005	Structure of Galpha(i1) bound to a GDP-selective peptide provides insight into guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	13-22
15755723-3	2005	One of these small GTPases, RhoA, may be activated via Galpha(12/13)-linked Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) under LPA stimulation although the detailed mechanisms are poorly understood.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	28-32
15840508-5	2005	In this article, we describe the use of the ribose-conjugated fluorescent guanine nucleotide analog BODIPYFL-GTP as a spectroscopic probe to measure intrinsic and RGS protein-catalyzed nucleotide hydrolysis by Galphao.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	163-166
15840508-5	2005	In this article, we describe the use of the ribose-conjugated fluorescent guanine nucleotide analog BODIPYFL-GTP as a spectroscopic probe to measure intrinsic and RGS protein-catalyzed nucleotide hydrolysis by Galphao.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	210-217
15691871-4	2005	The transcription initiation site in the MCT1 promoter was identified as a guanine nucleotide 281 bp upstream from the translation initiation site and is surrounded by a guanine-cytosine-rich area.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	solute carrier family 16 member 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
15818466-6	2005	Plexin-B1 activates Rho through Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, leading to neurite retraction.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	plexin B1	Homo sapiens	0-9
15886116-1	2005	The Vav family proteins (Vav1, Vav2, Vav3) are cytoplasmic guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho-family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	4-7
15886116-1	2005	The Vav family proteins (Vav1, Vav2, Vav3) are cytoplasmic guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho-family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	25-29
15886116-1	2005	The Vav family proteins (Vav1, Vav2, Vav3) are cytoplasmic guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho-family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	vav 2 oncogene	Mus musculus	31-35
15886116-1	2005	The Vav family proteins (Vav1, Vav2, Vav3) are cytoplasmic guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho-family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	vav 3 oncogene	Mus musculus	37-41
15865441-1	2005	In response to extracellular signals, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) catalyze guanine nucleotide exchange on Galpha subunits, enabling both activated Galpha and Gbetagamma subunits to target downstream effector enzymes.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	114-120
15865441-1	2005	In response to extracellular signals, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) catalyze guanine nucleotide exchange on Galpha subunits, enabling both activated Galpha and Gbetagamma subunits to target downstream effector enzymes.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	155-161
15746095-5	2005	This mutant of Galpha(12) fails to bind the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors p115RhoGEF and LARG (leukemia-associated RhoGEF), fails to stimulate Rho-dependent transcriptional activation, and fails to trigger activation of RhoA and the Rho-mediated cellular responses of cell rounding and c-jun N-terminal kinase activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	15-24
15850391-0	2005	Recognition and activation of Rho GTPases by Vav1 and Vav2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	54-58
15632203-1	2005	The Ras-like guanine-nucleotide-binding protein Rap1 controls integrin alpha(IIb)beta3 activity and platelet aggregation.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	48-52
16283548-1	2005	In previous studies, involving molecular modeling of wild-type and oncogenic forms of the ras-p21 protein bound to GTPase activating protein GAP and the ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange-promoting protein, SOS, we identified specific domains of GAP and SOS proteins that differ in conformation when the computed average structures of the corresponding wild-type and oncogenic complexes are superimposed.	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
15977802-0	2005	[Effects of guanine nucleotides and protein kinase C on prolactin-stimulated release of Ca from intracellular stores of pig oocytes].	Guanine Nucleotides	12-31	prolactin	Sus scrofa	56-65
15977802-1	2005	The effects of guanine nucleotides and protein kinase C on prolactin-stimulated Ca2+ release from intracellular stores of pig oocytes were studied using the fluorescent dye chlorotetracycline.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-34	prolactin	Sus scrofa	59-68
15977802-6	2005	These data suggest the influence of guanine nucleotides and protein kinase C on calcium metabolism, stimulated by prolactin.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	prolactin	Sus scrofa	114-123
15699053-0	2005	Evidence for the involvement of cytosolic 5"-nucleotidase (cN-II) in the synthesis of guanine nucleotides from xanthosine.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-105	5'-nucleotidase ecto	Homo sapiens	42-57
15807543-1	2005	The bifunctional protein RGS14 is both a GTPase activating protein (GAP) for Gialpha and Goalphaand a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Gialpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	25-30
15784259-2	2005	The SH3 domain of CAS mediates its interaction with several proteins involved in signaling pathways such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), tyrosine phosphatases PTP1B and PTP-PEST, and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	BCAR1 scaffold protein, Cas family member	Homo sapiens	18-21
15784259-2	2005	The SH3 domain of CAS mediates its interaction with several proteins involved in signaling pathways such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), tyrosine phosphatases PTP1B and PTP-PEST, and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	222-225
15699053-0	2005	Evidence for the involvement of cytosolic 5"-nucleotidase (cN-II) in the synthesis of guanine nucleotides from xanthosine.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-105	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	59-64
15699053-6	2005	Thus, phosphorylation of xanthosine by cytosolic 5"-nucleotidase circumvents the activity of IMP dehydrogenase, a rate-limiting enzyme, catalyzing the NAD(+)-dependent conversion of IMP to XMP at the branch point of de novo nucleotide synthesis, thus leading to the generation of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	280-299	5'-nucleotidase ecto	Homo sapiens	49-64
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	82-85
15684418-4	2005	In this study, we show that guanine nucleotide dissociation is enhanced upon exposure of the redox-active GTPases, Ras and Rap1A, to O2* and provide evidence for the efficient guanine nucleotide reassociation in the presence of the radical quenching agent ascorbate to complete guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-128
15684418-4	2005	In this study, we show that guanine nucleotide dissociation is enhanced upon exposure of the redox-active GTPases, Ras and Rap1A, to O2* and provide evidence for the efficient guanine nucleotide reassociation in the presence of the radical quenching agent ascorbate to complete guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-128
15684418-4	2005	In this study, we show that guanine nucleotide dissociation is enhanced upon exposure of the redox-active GTPases, Ras and Rap1A, to O2* and provide evidence for the efficient guanine nucleotide reassociation in the presence of the radical quenching agent ascorbate to complete guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-128
15618286-2	2005	This event activates multimeric signaling pathways, including the activation of the Vav family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
15746383-0	2005	Kalirin: a dual Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is so much more than the sum of its many parts.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	kalirin RhoGEF kinase	Homo sapiens	0-7
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-96
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-96
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-96
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	229-233
15751964-7	2005	Phosphorylation of Tyr(183) is required for the interaction with Vav1, the guanine nucleotide exchanging factor of Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	65-69
15653681-2	2005	We demonstrate that activated alpha subunit of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding G(s) protein activates the AR in prostate cancer cells and also synergizes with low concentration of androgen to more fully activate the AR.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	116-118
15653681-2	2005	We demonstrate that activated alpha subunit of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding G(s) protein activates the AR in prostate cancer cells and also synergizes with low concentration of androgen to more fully activate the AR.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	226-228
15751964-7	2005	Phosphorylation of Tyr(183) is required for the interaction with Vav1, the guanine nucleotide exchanging factor of Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	115-119
15753034-0	2005	Association of CNK1 with Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors controls signaling specificity downstream of Rho.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
15780940-2	2005	Here, we identify a null allele of ELP1 as a suppressor of a mutant in a Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec2p.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Elongator subunit IKI3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	35-39
15780940-2	2005	Here, we identify a null allele of ELP1 as a suppressor of a mutant in a Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec2p.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	112-117
15753034-4	2005	Here, we show that the Rho target CNK1 is a scaffold protein that interacts with Net1 or p115RhoGEF, two Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), as well with MLK2 and MKK7, two of the kinase components in the JNK MAP kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
15753034-4	2005	Here, we show that the Rho target CNK1 is a scaffold protein that interacts with Net1 or p115RhoGEF, two Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), as well with MLK2 and MKK7, two of the kinase components in the JNK MAP kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	neuroepithelial cell transforming 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
15753034-4	2005	Here, we show that the Rho target CNK1 is a scaffold protein that interacts with Net1 or p115RhoGEF, two Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), as well with MLK2 and MKK7, two of the kinase components in the JNK MAP kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	89-99
15753034-4	2005	Here, we show that the Rho target CNK1 is a scaffold protein that interacts with Net1 or p115RhoGEF, two Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), as well with MLK2 and MKK7, two of the kinase components in the JNK MAP kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 10	Homo sapiens	175-179
15753034-4	2005	Here, we show that the Rho target CNK1 is a scaffold protein that interacts with Net1 or p115RhoGEF, two Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), as well with MLK2 and MKK7, two of the kinase components in the JNK MAP kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	184-188
15753034-4	2005	Here, we show that the Rho target CNK1 is a scaffold protein that interacts with Net1 or p115RhoGEF, two Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), as well with MLK2 and MKK7, two of the kinase components in the JNK MAP kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	226-229
15723537-0	2005	Identification of residues in human neuroglobin crucial for Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	36-47
15723537-2	2005	We previously demonstrated that ferric human Ngb binds to the alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galpha) and acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	45-48
15723537-2	2005	We previously demonstrated that ferric human Ngb binds to the alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galpha) and acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	181-187
15702986-2	2005	The latter mediate passage through the nuclear envelope-embedded nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) by conferring interaction with NPC constituents, as well as with other components of the nuclear transport machinery, including the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	262-265
15514010-5	2005	Analysis of the activation state of the components upstream of p38 and JNK showed that NSAIDs inhibit the serine-threonine kinase p21-activated protein kinase 1 (Pak1) and the small guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase) Rac, as well as the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchanger, Vav.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-270	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	63-66
15514010-5	2005	Analysis of the activation state of the components upstream of p38 and JNK showed that NSAIDs inhibit the serine-threonine kinase p21-activated protein kinase 1 (Pak1) and the small guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase) Rac, as well as the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchanger, Vav.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-270	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	71-74
15514010-5	2005	Analysis of the activation state of the components upstream of p38 and JNK showed that NSAIDs inhibit the serine-threonine kinase p21-activated protein kinase 1 (Pak1) and the small guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase) Rac, as well as the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchanger, Vav.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-270	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	130-160
15514010-5	2005	Analysis of the activation state of the components upstream of p38 and JNK showed that NSAIDs inhibit the serine-threonine kinase p21-activated protein kinase 1 (Pak1) and the small guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase) Rac, as well as the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchanger, Vav.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-270	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	162-166
15723051-4	2005	Here, we found that PAR-3 directly interacted with STEF/Tiam1, which are Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, and that STEF formed a complex with PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	pulmonary adenoma resistance 3	Mus musculus	20-25
15723051-4	2005	Here, we found that PAR-3 directly interacted with STEF/Tiam1, which are Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, and that STEF formed a complex with PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2	Mus musculus	51-55
15723051-4	2005	Here, we found that PAR-3 directly interacted with STEF/Tiam1, which are Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, and that STEF formed a complex with PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	56-61
15723051-4	2005	Here, we found that PAR-3 directly interacted with STEF/Tiam1, which are Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, and that STEF formed a complex with PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	73-76
15723051-4	2005	Here, we found that PAR-3 directly interacted with STEF/Tiam1, which are Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, and that STEF formed a complex with PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2	Mus musculus	132-136
15723051-4	2005	Here, we found that PAR-3 directly interacted with STEF/Tiam1, which are Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, and that STEF formed a complex with PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	pulmonary adenoma resistance 3	Mus musculus	159-164
15723051-4	2005	Here, we found that PAR-3 directly interacted with STEF/Tiam1, which are Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, and that STEF formed a complex with PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	protein kinase C, zeta	Mus musculus	165-169
15723051-4	2005	Here, we found that PAR-3 directly interacted with STEF/Tiam1, which are Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, and that STEF formed a complex with PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	par-6 family cell polarity regulator alpha	Mus musculus	170-175
15723051-4	2005	Here, we found that PAR-3 directly interacted with STEF/Tiam1, which are Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, and that STEF formed a complex with PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	176-181
15670649-7	2005	These results suggest that guanine nucleotide depletion following HPRT deficiency, might lead to earlier and abnormal brain development mainly affecting the basal ganglia, displaying the highest HPRT activity, and could be responsible for the specific neurobehavioral features of LND.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
15545273-6	2005	This intramolecular interaction masks the catalytic domain responsible for guanine nucleotide exchange toward RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	110-114
15723800-1	2005	CDM (CED-5, Dock180, Myoblast city) family members have been recently identified as novel, evolutionarily conserved guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho-family GTPases .	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	5-10
15723800-1	2005	CDM (CED-5, Dock180, Myoblast city) family members have been recently identified as novel, evolutionarily conserved guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho-family GTPases .	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	12-19
15455375-1	2005	Several oncogenes isolated by the NIH/3T3 transformation assay, i.e., dbl, dbs, lbc, lfc, lsc, net, ost and tim, contain a Dbl homology (DH) and a pleckstrin-homology (PH) domain and act as GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) for Rho-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	196-214	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	123-126
15579468-1	2005	AlsinLF, the product of the ALS2 gene, inhibits Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) mutant-induced neurotoxicity via its Rho guanine nucleotide-exchanging factor domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Mus musculus	28-32
15579468-1	2005	AlsinLF, the product of the ALS2 gene, inhibits Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) mutant-induced neurotoxicity via its Rho guanine nucleotide-exchanging factor domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	76-80
15579468-2	2005	We here identified Rac1, a Rho family small GTPase, as a target for the Rho guanine nucleotide-exchanging factor activity of alsinLF.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	19-23
15710388-1	2005	A novel superfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases includes DOCK180 and zizimin1.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	84-91
15710388-1	2005	A novel superfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases includes DOCK180 and zizimin1.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	dedicator of cytokinesis 9	Homo sapiens	96-104
15557278-0	2005	Activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase by Rac Guanine nucleotide exchange factors in conjunction with ATP and nucleoside diphosphate kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	113-142
15316932-3	2005	Using an in vitro cyclic stretch model with neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, we demonstrated that stretch-induced activation of RhoA, Rac1/Cdc42, and phosphorylation of Rho-guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) were prevented by inhibition or depletion of PKC, using chelerythrine and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, indicating that phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isozymes may be upstream regulators of Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	169-187	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	262-265
15316932-3	2005	Using an in vitro cyclic stretch model with neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, we demonstrated that stretch-induced activation of RhoA, Rac1/Cdc42, and phosphorylation of Rho-guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) were prevented by inhibition or depletion of PKC, using chelerythrine and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, indicating that phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isozymes may be upstream regulators of Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	169-187	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	364-367
15661896-4	2005	Reduction of Itk expression via small interfering RNA treatment of the Jurkat human T lymphoma cell line or human peripheral blood T cells disrupted TCR-induced actin polarization, a defect that correlated with decreased recruitment of the Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor to the site of Ag contact.	Guanine Nucleotides	244-262	IL2 inducible T cell kinase	Homo sapiens	13-16
15661896-4	2005	Reduction of Itk expression via small interfering RNA treatment of the Jurkat human T lymphoma cell line or human peripheral blood T cells disrupted TCR-induced actin polarization, a defect that correlated with decreased recruitment of the Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor to the site of Ag contact.	Guanine Nucleotides	244-262	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	240-243
16473597-3	2005	Both proteins contain the VPS9 domain, which is a hallmark for all known members of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rab5 (Rab5GEF), and are known to act as novel factors modulating the Rab5-mediated endosome dynamics in the cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	128-132
15345481-8	2005	cAMP-dependent but A-kinase independent signaling can involve activation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the GTP-binding protein, Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	141-144
16378508-8	2005	This review summarizes the importance of Rho-kinase signaling in the erectile response and introduces the evidence pointing to RGS-containing Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) as critical mediators of RhoA-GTPase activation in cavernosal smooth muscle and its possible compartmentalization in the caveolae.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	127-130
16378508-8	2005	This review summarizes the importance of Rho-kinase signaling in the erectile response and introduces the evidence pointing to RGS-containing Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) as critical mediators of RhoA-GTPase activation in cavernosal smooth muscle and its possible compartmentalization in the caveolae.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	214-218
15951850-6	2005	Moreover, we review the discovery of novel biochemical activities that also impinge on the guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis cycle of Galpha subunits: namely, the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) activity of the GoLoco motif-containing proteins and the 7TM receptor-independent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of Ric8/synembryn.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	GDP dissociation inhibitor family protein / Rab GTPase activator family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	171-212
15951850-6	2005	Moreover, we review the discovery of novel biochemical activities that also impinge on the guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis cycle of Galpha subunits: namely, the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) activity of the GoLoco motif-containing proteins and the 7TM receptor-independent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of Ric8/synembryn.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	GDP dissociation inhibitor family protein / Rab GTPase activator family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	214-217
16413268-1	2005	BIG1 and BIG2 are large (approximately 200 kDa) guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins for ADP-ribosylation factors, or ARFs, that were isolated based on sensitivity of their guanine nucleotide-exchange activity to inhibition by brefeldin A.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15642342-0	2005	Requirement of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate for HERC1-mediated guanine nucleotide release from ARF proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
15642342-2	2005	Previously, it has been shown that the RCC1-like domain 1 (RLD1) of HERC1 stimulates guanine nucleotide dissociation on ARF1 and Rab proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1	Homo sapiens	68-73
15642342-2	2005	Previously, it has been shown that the RCC1-like domain 1 (RLD1) of HERC1 stimulates guanine nucleotide dissociation on ARF1 and Rab proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
15634783-3	2005	Here, we show that a new target for cAMP, exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) or cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange protein, is involved in the hormonal enhancement of synaptic transmission by serotonin.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	42-76
16413268-1	2005	BIG1 and BIG2 are large (approximately 200 kDa) guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins for ADP-ribosylation factors, or ARFs, that were isolated based on sensitivity of their guanine nucleotide-exchange activity to inhibition by brefeldin A.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
16413268-1	2005	BIG1 and BIG2 are large (approximately 200 kDa) guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins for ADP-ribosylation factors, or ARFs, that were isolated based on sensitivity of their guanine nucleotide-exchange activity to inhibition by brefeldin A.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
16413268-1	2005	BIG1 and BIG2 are large (approximately 200 kDa) guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins for ADP-ribosylation factors, or ARFs, that were isolated based on sensitivity of their guanine nucleotide-exchange activity to inhibition by brefeldin A.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
16413268-2	2005	The intracellular distributions of BIG1 and BIG2 differ from those of other ARF guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
16413268-2	2005	The intracellular distributions of BIG1 and BIG2 differ from those of other ARF guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-48
16413270-4	2005	Via its C-terminal ARF domain, recombinant ARD1 binds guanine nucleotides, through which it can enhance, in a GTP-dependent manner, cholera toxin ADP-ribosyltransferase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-73	tripartite motif containing 23	Homo sapiens	43-47
16473597-3	2005	Both proteins contain the VPS9 domain, which is a hallmark for all known members of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rab5 (Rab5GEF), and are known to act as novel factors modulating the Rab5-mediated endosome dynamics in the cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	134-141
16473597-3	2005	Both proteins contain the VPS9 domain, which is a hallmark for all known members of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rab5 (Rab5GEF), and are known to act as novel factors modulating the Rab5-mediated endosome dynamics in the cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	134-138
16473603-2	2005	The latter cycle is controlled by a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which functions as a Rab vehicle in the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	106-109
15456756-1	2004	Vav family proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rho/Rac family of small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
15525675-2	2005	Here we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of the mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-GEFs, PXF-1, specifically activates Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Caenorhabditis elegans	118-123
15525675-2	2005	Here we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of the mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-GEFs, PXF-1, specifically activates Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	148-152
15525675-2	2005	Here we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of the mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-GEFs, PXF-1, specifically activates Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	157-161
15530857-8	2004	Taken together, the results presented herein indicate that although RhoGDI is a critical regulator of guanine nucleotide binding, cycling of Cdc42 between membranes and the cytosol and cellular transformation, it is not essential for Cdc42-mediated organization of the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	68-74
15613689-1	2004	Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) composed of Galpha, Gbeta, and Ggamma subunits are important transducers of hormonal signals in organisms as evolutionarily distant as plants and humans.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	76-82
15613689-1	2004	Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) composed of Galpha, Gbeta, and Ggamma subunits are important transducers of hormonal signals in organisms as evolutionarily distant as plants and humans.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	84-89
15485891-0	2004	Chimeric G alpha i2/G alpha 13 proteins reveal the structural requirements for the binding and activation of the RGS-like (RGL)-containing Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) by G alpha 13.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	20-30
15485891-0	2004	Chimeric G alpha i2/G alpha 13 proteins reveal the structural requirements for the binding and activation of the RGS-like (RGL)-containing Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) by G alpha 13.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 1	Homo sapiens	123-126
15485891-0	2004	Chimeric G alpha i2/G alpha 13 proteins reveal the structural requirements for the binding and activation of the RGS-like (RGL)-containing Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) by G alpha 13.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	189-199
15485891-1	2004	The alpha-subunit of G proteins of the G(12/13) family stimulate Rho by their direct binding to the RGS-like (RGL) domain of a family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RGL-RhoGEFs) that includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG), p115RhoGEF, and LARG, thereby regulating cellular functions as diverse as shape and movement, gene expression, and normal and aberrant cell growth.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
15485891-1	2004	The alpha-subunit of G proteins of the G(12/13) family stimulate Rho by their direct binding to the RGS-like (RGL) domain of a family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RGL-RhoGEFs) that includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG), p115RhoGEF, and LARG, thereby regulating cellular functions as diverse as shape and movement, gene expression, and normal and aberrant cell growth.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 1	Homo sapiens	178-181
15485891-1	2004	The alpha-subunit of G proteins of the G(12/13) family stimulate Rho by their direct binding to the RGS-like (RGL) domain of a family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RGL-RhoGEFs) that includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG), p115RhoGEF, and LARG, thereby regulating cellular functions as diverse as shape and movement, gene expression, and normal and aberrant cell growth.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	205-215
15485891-1	2004	The alpha-subunit of G proteins of the G(12/13) family stimulate Rho by their direct binding to the RGS-like (RGL) domain of a family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RGL-RhoGEFs) that includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG), p115RhoGEF, and LARG, thereby regulating cellular functions as diverse as shape and movement, gene expression, and normal and aberrant cell growth.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	217-220
15485891-1	2004	The alpha-subunit of G proteins of the G(12/13) family stimulate Rho by their direct binding to the RGS-like (RGL) domain of a family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RGL-RhoGEFs) that includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG), p115RhoGEF, and LARG, thereby regulating cellular functions as diverse as shape and movement, gene expression, and normal and aberrant cell growth.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	223-233
15485891-1	2004	The alpha-subunit of G proteins of the G(12/13) family stimulate Rho by their direct binding to the RGS-like (RGL) domain of a family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RGL-RhoGEFs) that includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG), p115RhoGEF, and LARG, thereby regulating cellular functions as diverse as shape and movement, gene expression, and normal and aberrant cell growth.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	239-243
15516977-6	2004	Similar to previous observations, we found that Rac1b showed enhanced intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity, impaired intrinsic GTPase activity, and failed to interact with RhoGDI.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	Rac family small GTPase 3	Mus musculus	48-53
15611160-0	2004	Genetic analysis of yeast Yip1p function reveals a requirement for Golgi-localized rab proteins and rab-Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	transporter YIP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	26-31
15506958-7	2004	In addition, RhoA, Rabs, ARFs and ARF GEFs (guanine nucleotide-exchange factors) can associate directly with GPCRs, and GPCRs may also function as GEFs for small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	13-17
15544329-1	2004	Activation of many Rho family GTPase pathways involves the signaling module consisting of the Dbl-like guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), the Rho GTPases, and the Rho GTPase specific effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	94-97
15671486-2	2004	The exchange of GDP for GTP on Arf is catalyzed by a family of guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs) containing a Sec7 domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
15385626-3	2004	BIG2 is one of brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the ARF GTPases and is associated mainly with the trans-Golgi network.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
15544329-9	2004	These results suggest that signal transduction through Cdc42 and possibly other Rho family GTPases could involve tightly coupled guanine nucleotide exchange and effector activation mechanisms and that Rho GTPase effector may have a feedback regulatory role in the Rho GTPase activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	55-60
15655710-2	2004	GLP-1 utilizes this receptor to activate two distinct classes of cAMP-binding proteins: protein kinase A (PKA) and the Epac family of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMPGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	glucagon like peptide 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	0-5
15556869-7	2004	Unlike Cdc42, Wrch-1 possesses an extremely rapid, intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	ras homolog family member U	Mus musculus	14-20
15322077-0	2004	RhoA activates purified phospholipase C-epsilon by a guanine nucleotide-dependent mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
15322077-0	2004	RhoA activates purified phospholipase C-epsilon by a guanine nucleotide-dependent mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	phospholipase C like 1 (inactive)	Homo sapiens	24-47
15558032-2	2004	This is the case for Eps8, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) substrate that participates in the activation of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange function of Sos1 (refs 2-5), thereby regulating actin remodelling by RTKs.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	SAM_3 domain-containing protein;SH3 domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	21-25
15558032-2	2004	This is the case for Eps8, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) substrate that participates in the activation of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange function of Sos1 (refs 2-5), thereby regulating actin remodelling by RTKs.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	Son of sevenless homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	166-170
15337739-2	2004	RGS14 regulates G protein nucleotide exchange and hydrolysis by acting as a GAP through its RGS domain and as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) through its GoLoco motif.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	0-5
15337739-2	2004	RGS14 regulates G protein nucleotide exchange and hydrolysis by acting as a GAP through its RGS domain and as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) through its GoLoco motif.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
15337739-7	2004	We found that RGS14 inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange on Galphai1 and Galphai3 could, but not Galphai2.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	14-19
15655710-2	2004	GLP-1 utilizes this receptor to activate two distinct classes of cAMP-binding proteins: protein kinase A (PKA) and the Epac family of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMPGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	119-123
15319436-1	2004	Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is cytoplasmic and structurally related to guanine-nucleotide free chaperones.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	0-40
15465628-3	2004	Previous studies indicate pre-treatment with guanine nucleotides displaces endogenous GAL from GAL receptors (GALR), providing an indirect measurement of GALR occupancy.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-64	galanin and GMAP prepropeptide	Homo sapiens	86-89
15465628-4	2004	In addition, pre-treatment with guanine nucleotides may provide a more accurate measurement of GALR density since it would avoid the masking of GALRs by residual binding of endogenous GAL.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-51	galanin and GMAP prepropeptide	Homo sapiens	95-98
15465628-5	2004	Thus, in the present study, we examined the influence of pre-treatment with guanine nucleotides on 125I-GAL binding in multiple regions of normal and AD brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-95	galanin and GMAP prepropeptide	Homo sapiens	104-107
15319436-1	2004	Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is cytoplasmic and structurally related to guanine-nucleotide free chaperones.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
15479739-0	2004	Rap1 promotes cell spreading by localizing Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
15369761-2	2004	We report here that guanine nucleotide sensitivity of agonist binding to hippocampal 5-HT1A receptors is dependent on the concentration of Mg2+.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Bos taurus	85-91
15369761-5	2004	These results point out the requirement of an optimal concentration of Mg2+ which could be used in assays toward determining guanine nucleotide sensitivity of ligand binding to GPCRs such as the 5-HT1A receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Bos taurus	195-201
15369761-6	2004	Our results provide novel insight into the requirement and concentration dependence of Mg2+ in relation to guanine nucleotide sensitivity for the 5-HT1A receptor in particular, and GPCRs in general.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Bos taurus	146-152
15498490-1	2004	Members of the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 superfamily of GTPases and their upstream activators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) , have emerged as key regulators of actin and microtubule dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	Rac1	Drosophila melanogaster	19-22
15498490-1	2004	Members of the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 superfamily of GTPases and their upstream activators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) , have emerged as key regulators of actin and microtubule dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	Cdc42	Drosophila melanogaster	23-28
15292224-3	2004	The present study investigated the roles of Rho GTPase guanine nucleotide disassociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) in the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton mediated by ExoS RhoGAP.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	100-106
15479739-2	2004	Here, we demonstrate that Rap1 regulates cell spreading by localizing guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that act via the Rho family GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-30
15479739-2	2004	Here, we demonstrate that Rap1 regulates cell spreading by localizing guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that act via the Rho family GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	148-152
15313192-1	2004	Rap1 and Ral, the small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily, have recently attracted much attention; Ral because of Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are regulated by direct binding to Ras and Rap1 because of its proposed role as an antagonist of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
15385461-1	2004	The stringent response is a mechanism by which bacteria adapt to nutritional deficiencies through the production of the guanine nucleotides ppGpp and pppGpp, produced by the RelA enzyme.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-139	Relish	Drosophila melanogaster	174-178
15368366-8	2004	Because the guanine nucleotide binding site is deeply buried in this cleft and those interdomain interactions are playing an important role in regulating the basal GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange rate of Galpha subunits, we studied the role of these highly conserved R and E residues in Galpha function.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	200-206
15470141-4	2004	We show here that the small GTP-binding protein Ral, its guanine nucleotide exchange factor RalGDS (Ral GDP dissociation stimulator), and phospholipase D2 (PLD2) are constitutively associated with class 1 mGluRs and regulate constitutive mGluR endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	48-51
15470141-4	2004	We show here that the small GTP-binding protein Ral, its guanine nucleotide exchange factor RalGDS (Ral GDP dissociation stimulator), and phospholipase D2 (PLD2) are constitutively associated with class 1 mGluRs and regulate constitutive mGluR endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	92-98
15470141-4	2004	We show here that the small GTP-binding protein Ral, its guanine nucleotide exchange factor RalGDS (Ral GDP dissociation stimulator), and phospholipase D2 (PLD2) are constitutively associated with class 1 mGluRs and regulate constitutive mGluR endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	100-131
15485764-1	2004	BACKGROUND: Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEF) link activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) to RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	118-122
15302586-5	2004	We also investigated the breakpoint cluster region protein (Bcr), which possesses the Dbl and PH domains characteristic of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho family GTPases, as a possible link between Fes, Rac/Cdc42 activation, and neuritogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	25-58
15302586-5	2004	We also investigated the breakpoint cluster region protein (Bcr), which possesses the Dbl and PH domains characteristic of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho family GTPases, as a possible link between Fes, Rac/Cdc42 activation, and neuritogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	60-63
15313192-1	2004	Rap1 and Ral, the small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily, have recently attracted much attention; Ral because of Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are regulated by direct binding to Ras and Rap1 because of its proposed role as an antagonist of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	9-12
15313192-1	2004	Rap1 and Ral, the small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily, have recently attracted much attention; Ral because of Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are regulated by direct binding to Ras and Rap1 because of its proposed role as an antagonist of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	106-109
15313192-1	2004	Rap1 and Ral, the small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily, have recently attracted much attention; Ral because of Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are regulated by direct binding to Ras and Rap1 because of its proposed role as an antagonist of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	106-109
15313192-1	2004	Rap1 and Ral, the small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily, have recently attracted much attention; Ral because of Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are regulated by direct binding to Ras and Rap1 because of its proposed role as an antagonist of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	219-223
15289618-2	2004	Here, we report the molecular identification of two classic Drosophila eye-color genes required for pigment granule biogenesis, claret and lightoid; the former encodes a protein containing seven repeats with sequence similarity to those that characterize regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase, Ran), and the latter encodes a rab GTPase, Rab-RP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	303-321	Rab32	Drosophila melanogaster	139-147
15205454-6	2004	ETA-induced caspase-3 activity in human mast cells was demonstrated by the detection of a characteristic 23 kDa product of D4-GDI (where GDI is guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor), an endogenous caspase-3 substrate.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	0-3
15205454-6	2004	ETA-induced caspase-3 activity in human mast cells was demonstrated by the detection of a characteristic 23 kDa product of D4-GDI (where GDI is guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor), an endogenous caspase-3 substrate.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	12-21
15205454-6	2004	ETA-induced caspase-3 activity in human mast cells was demonstrated by the detection of a characteristic 23 kDa product of D4-GDI (where GDI is guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor), an endogenous caspase-3 substrate.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	202-211
15320955-0	2004	Phosphorylated guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G, induced by pervanadate and Src family kinases localizes to the Golgi and subcortical actin cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
15320955-0	2004	Phosphorylated guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G, induced by pervanadate and Src family kinases localizes to the Golgi and subcortical actin cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	82-85
15287724-1	2004	Cdc42Hs, a member of the Ras superfamily of GTP-binding signal transduction proteins, binds guanine nucleotides, and acts as a molecular-timing switch in multiple signal transduction pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-111	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-7
15247254-0	2004	Homo-oligomerization of ALS2 through its unique carboxyl-terminal regions is essential for the ALS2-associated Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange activity and its regulatory function on endosome trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ALS2	Homo sapiens	24-28
15247254-0	2004	Homo-oligomerization of ALS2 through its unique carboxyl-terminal regions is essential for the ALS2-associated Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange activity and its regulatory function on endosome trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ALS2	Homo sapiens	95-99
15247254-0	2004	Homo-oligomerization of ALS2 through its unique carboxyl-terminal regions is essential for the ALS2-associated Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange activity and its regulatory function on endosome trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-115
15289618-2	2004	Here, we report the molecular identification of two classic Drosophila eye-color genes required for pigment granule biogenesis, claret and lightoid; the former encodes a protein containing seven repeats with sequence similarity to those that characterize regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase, Ran), and the latter encodes a rab GTPase, Rab-RP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	303-321	Regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Drosophila melanogaster	295-299
15289618-2	2004	Here, we report the molecular identification of two classic Drosophila eye-color genes required for pigment granule biogenesis, claret and lightoid; the former encodes a protein containing seven repeats with sequence similarity to those that characterize regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase, Ran), and the latter encodes a rab GTPase, Rab-RP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	303-321	Ran	Drosophila melanogaster	360-363
15289618-2	2004	Here, we report the molecular identification of two classic Drosophila eye-color genes required for pigment granule biogenesis, claret and lightoid; the former encodes a protein containing seven repeats with sequence similarity to those that characterize regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase, Ran), and the latter encodes a rab GTPase, Rab-RP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	303-321	Rab32	Drosophila melanogaster	403-410
15096500-4	2004	The activity of AGS4 in the yeast-based functional screen was selective for G(i2)/G(i3) and independent of guanine-nucleotide exchange by G(i)alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	16-20
15289326-10	2004	Instead, the use of chimeric plexin-B1 receptors, Rho inhibitors, and lentiviral gene delivery of interfering molecules revealed that these proangiogenic effects are dependent on a COOH-terminal PDZ-binding motif of plexin-B1, which binds two guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase Rho, PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG, and are mediated by the activation of Rho-initiated pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	243-261	plexin B1	Mus musculus	216-225
15252117-3	2004	Overexpression of PLC-gamma1 increases endocytosis of the EGF receptor by increasing guanine nucleotide exchange activity of dynamin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	phospholipase C, gamma 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-28
15252117-3	2004	Overexpression of PLC-gamma1 increases endocytosis of the EGF receptor by increasing guanine nucleotide exchange activity of dynamin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	58-70
15252117-3	2004	Overexpression of PLC-gamma1 increases endocytosis of the EGF receptor by increasing guanine nucleotide exchange activity of dynamin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	dynamin 1	Rattus norvegicus	125-134
15249579-2	2004	Vav proteins are Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factors that become tyrosine phosphorylated in response to adhesion.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
15236586-2	2004	To better understand the structure-function characteristics of transducin activation, we have set out to identify spectroscopic probes that bind to the guanine nucleotide-binding site of this G protein and maintain its ability to interact with its specific cellular target/effector, the cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase (PDE).	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1	Homo sapiens	317-320
15198677-2	2004	BIG2 is a Sec7 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor known to be involved in vesicular and protein trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
15198677-2	2004	BIG2 is a Sec7 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor known to be involved in vesicular and protein trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
15213298-1	2004	RasGRP is a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate small GTPases and contain a C1 domain similar to the one present in protein kinase C (PKC).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
15213298-1	2004	RasGRP is a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate small GTPases and contain a C1 domain similar to the one present in protein kinase C (PKC).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	140-156
15213298-1	2004	RasGRP is a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate small GTPases and contain a C1 domain similar to the one present in protein kinase C (PKC).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	158-161
15203004-3	2004	Ran-GTP is generated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1, the localization of which to chromosomes is necessary for the fidelity of mitosis in human cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
15203004-3	2004	Ran-GTP is generated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1, the localization of which to chromosomes is necessary for the fidelity of mitosis in human cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
15210733-3	2004	Plexin-B1 has recently been shown to mediate activation of RhoA through a stable interaction with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	plexin B1	Homo sapiens	0-9
15210733-3	2004	Plexin-B1 has recently been shown to mediate activation of RhoA through a stable interaction with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	59-63
15210733-3	2004	Plexin-B1 has recently been shown to mediate activation of RhoA through a stable interaction with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	142-152
15210733-3	2004	Plexin-B1 has recently been shown to mediate activation of RhoA through a stable interaction with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	157-161
15073184-0	2004	Requirement for C-terminal sequences in regulation of Ect2 guanine nucleotide exchange specificity and transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	54-58
15073184-1	2004	Ect2 was identified originally as a transforming protein and a member of the Dbl family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
15073184-1	2004	Ect2 was identified originally as a transforming protein and a member of the Dbl family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	77-80
15033976-4	2004	We found that the Vps9p domain of alsin has Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ALS2	Homo sapiens	34-39
15033976-4	2004	We found that the Vps9p domain of alsin has Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	44-48
15274927-1	2004	Dbl proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases, containing adjacent Dbl homology (DH) and pleckstrin homology (PH) domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	0-3
15197281-2	2004	Here, by using the computer algorithm PARE, we designed a set of mutants of the Ras effector protein Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) with optimized electrostatic steering.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	101-104
15197281-2	2004	Here, by using the computer algorithm PARE, we designed a set of mutants of the Ras effector protein Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) with optimized electrostatic steering.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	149-155
15108020-2	2004	Specific functional domains within Cdc42p are required for guanine-nucleotide binding, interactions with downstream effectors, and membrane localization.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	35-41
15108020-3	2004	However, little is known about how Cdc42p is clustered at polarized growth sites or is extracted from membranes by Rho guanine-nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) at specific times in the cell cycle.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	35-41
15143072-2	2004	These receptors activate rho via G(12/13) family heterotrimeric G proteins, which are known to directly activate three distinct rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (rhoGEFs) that contain a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain (RGS-rhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	193-225
15143072-2	2004	These receptors activate rho via G(12/13) family heterotrimeric G proteins, which are known to directly activate three distinct rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (rhoGEFs) that contain a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain (RGS-rhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	227-230
15143072-2	2004	These receptors activate rho via G(12/13) family heterotrimeric G proteins, which are known to directly activate three distinct rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (rhoGEFs) that contain a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain (RGS-rhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	240-243
15143162-5	2004	Expression of RasGRP3, a Ca(2+)/diacylglycerol-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras-like GTPases, but not expression of various other exchange factors enhanced GTP loading of Rap2B and PLC/Ca(2+) signaling by the EGF receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	14-21
15121857-2	2004	We report here that the COOH-terminal region of Nox1, a protein related to gp91(phox) (Nox2) of phagocytic cells, is constitutively associated with beta Pix, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
15120622-4	2004	Recently, we found that oxidized human Ngb bound to the alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galpha) and acted as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for Galpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	39-42
15120622-4	2004	Recently, we found that oxidized human Ngb bound to the alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galpha) and acted as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for Galpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	170-176
15120616-1	2004	betaPix (Pak-interacting exchange factor) isoforms are recently identified guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho family GTPases, Rac/Cdc42, that are key players in the regulation of actin dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
15120616-1	2004	betaPix (Pak-interacting exchange factor) isoforms are recently identified guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho family GTPases, Rac/Cdc42, that are key players in the regulation of actin dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	146-151
15026540-10	2004	This includes the down-regulation of adenylyl cyclase 7 and 9, elevation of cAMP-dependent phosphodiesterase, and the up-regulation of a negative regulator of G-protein signalling (RGS16) that may negate gonadotrophin signalling via guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	233-251	regulator of G protein signaling 16	Homo sapiens	181-186
15121857-2	2004	We report here that the COOH-terminal region of Nox1, a protein related to gp91(phox) (Nox2) of phagocytic cells, is constitutively associated with beta Pix, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	87-91
15121857-2	2004	We report here that the COOH-terminal region of Nox1, a protein related to gp91(phox) (Nox2) of phagocytic cells, is constitutively associated with beta Pix, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	199-202
14764585-5	2004	Furthermore, we show that Vav1 transduces TCR signals to Ras by controlling the membrane recruitment of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
15062873-7	2004	Additionally, DNA microarray data classifies TCTP (HrHRF) as co-regulated with ribosomal proteins and recent structural analysis of TCTP (HrHRF) relates it to a guanine nucleotide-free chaperone.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	132-136
14970201-2	2004	Here we identify a region in the carboxyl terminus of GEF-H1 that is important for suppression of its guanine nucleotide exchange activity by microtubules.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	54-60
15107133-8	2004	In accordance with these findings, Scambio does not activate either Rac or Cdc42 but rather, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and its close relative, RhoC.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	135-139
15107133-8	2004	In accordance with these findings, Scambio does not activate either Rac or Cdc42 but rather, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and its close relative, RhoC.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	164-168
14761976-5	2004	PIKE-A directly binds to activated Akt but not PI 3-kinase in a guanine nucleotide-dependent way and stimulates the kinase activity of Akt.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	ArfGAP with GTPase domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
14761976-5	2004	PIKE-A directly binds to activated Akt but not PI 3-kinase in a guanine nucleotide-dependent way and stimulates the kinase activity of Akt.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
15033454-6	2004	These results indicate that SPF2 activity is modulated by guanine nucleotides and alpha-tocopherol, as well as by phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-77	SEC14-like lipid binding 3	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
14709332-4	2004	These ATRA-induced events are independent on the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Vav.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
15039571-1	2004	PDZ-containing RhoGEF (PDZ-RhoGEF) is a multidomain protein composed of 1522 amino acids that belongs to the guanine nucleotide exchange factors family (GEF) active on Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	15-21
15039571-1	2004	PDZ-containing RhoGEF (PDZ-RhoGEF) is a multidomain protein composed of 1522 amino acids that belongs to the guanine nucleotide exchange factors family (GEF) active on Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	23-33
15200053-1	2004	ras-p21 protein binds to the son-of-sevenless (SOS) guanine nucleotide-exchange promoter that allows it to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
15023538-5	2004	Using adenovirally expressed dominant negative and constitutively active rab5 [rab5(S34N) and rab5(Q79L)] in cells with endogenous EGFRs, we have found that the guanine nucleotide binding state of rab5 has no bearing on the rate of EGFR endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-77
15023538-5	2004	Using adenovirally expressed dominant negative and constitutively active rab5 [rab5(S34N) and rab5(Q79L)] in cells with endogenous EGFRs, we have found that the guanine nucleotide binding state of rab5 has no bearing on the rate of EGFR endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	79-83
15023538-5	2004	Using adenovirally expressed dominant negative and constitutively active rab5 [rab5(S34N) and rab5(Q79L)] in cells with endogenous EGFRs, we have found that the guanine nucleotide binding state of rab5 has no bearing on the rate of EGFR endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	79-83
15023538-5	2004	Using adenovirally expressed dominant negative and constitutively active rab5 [rab5(S34N) and rab5(Q79L)] in cells with endogenous EGFRs, we have found that the guanine nucleotide binding state of rab5 has no bearing on the rate of EGFR endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	79-83
15023538-5	2004	Using adenovirally expressed dominant negative and constitutively active rab5 [rab5(S34N) and rab5(Q79L)] in cells with endogenous EGFRs, we have found that the guanine nucleotide binding state of rab5 has no bearing on the rate of EGFR endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	131-135
15200054-1	2004	In the accompanying paper, we found, using molecular dynamics calculations, four domains of the ras-specific SOS guanine nucleotide exchange protein (residues 589-601, 654-675, 746-761, and 980-989) that differ markedly in conformation when SOS is complexed with either oncogenic (Val 12-) ras-p21 or wild-type ras-p21.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	294-297
15200054-1	2004	In the accompanying paper, we found, using molecular dynamics calculations, four domains of the ras-specific SOS guanine nucleotide exchange protein (residues 589-601, 654-675, 746-761, and 980-989) that differ markedly in conformation when SOS is complexed with either oncogenic (Val 12-) ras-p21 or wild-type ras-p21.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	315-318
15019743-1	2004	It has been demonstrated that Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vam6p/Vps39p plays a critical role in the tethering steps of vacuolar membrane fusion by facilitating guanine nucleotide exchange on small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) Vam4p/Ypt7p.	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	Vam6p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	55-60
14656218-0	2004	Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor activity of the triple GoLoco motif protein G18: alanine-to-aspartate mutation restores function to an inactive second GoLoco motif.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	86-89
14656218-1	2004	GoLoco ("Galpha(i/o)-Loco" interaction) motif proteins have recently been identified as novel GDIs (guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors) for heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	9-15
14981049-2	2004	Mutations within the gene encoding inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 (IMPDH1), the widely expressed rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo pathway of guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, have recently been shown to cause the RP10 form of autosomal dominant RP.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-169	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	35-72
14981049-2	2004	Mutations within the gene encoding inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 (IMPDH1), the widely expressed rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo pathway of guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, have recently been shown to cause the RP10 form of autosomal dominant RP.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-169	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	74-80
14981049-2	2004	Mutations within the gene encoding inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 (IMPDH1), the widely expressed rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo pathway of guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, have recently been shown to cause the RP10 form of autosomal dominant RP.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-169	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	222-226
14981049-3	2004	We examined the expression of IMPDH1, IMPDH2 and HPRT transcripts, encoding enzymes of the de novo and salvage pathways of guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, respectively, in retinal sections of mice, the data indicating that the bulk of GTP within photoreceptors is generated by IMPDH1.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Mus musculus	30-36
14981049-3	2004	We examined the expression of IMPDH1, IMPDH2 and HPRT transcripts, encoding enzymes of the de novo and salvage pathways of guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, respectively, in retinal sections of mice, the data indicating that the bulk of GTP within photoreceptors is generated by IMPDH1.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase	Mus musculus	49-53
15019743-1	2004	It has been demonstrated that Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vam6p/Vps39p plays a critical role in the tethering steps of vacuolar membrane fusion by facilitating guanine nucleotide exchange on small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) Vam4p/Ypt7p.	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	Vam6p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	61-67
15019743-1	2004	It has been demonstrated that Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vam6p/Vps39p plays a critical role in the tethering steps of vacuolar membrane fusion by facilitating guanine nucleotide exchange on small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) Vam4p/Ypt7p.	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	228-233
14988728-3	2004	We report here that the interaction of a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide-exchanging factor, Tiam1, with ephrin-B1 and EphA2 mediates neurite outgrowth.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	41-45
15019743-1	2004	It has been demonstrated that Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vam6p/Vps39p plays a critical role in the tethering steps of vacuolar membrane fusion by facilitating guanine nucleotide exchange on small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) Vam4p/Ypt7p.	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	234-239
14988728-3	2004	We report here that the interaction of a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide-exchanging factor, Tiam1, with ephrin-B1 and EphA2 mediates neurite outgrowth.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	93-98
15005707-0	2004	The first CH domain of affixin activates Cdc42 and Rac1 through alphaPIX, a Cdc42/Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchanging factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	cell division control protein 42 homolog	Canis lupus familiaris	41-46
14988728-3	2004	We report here that the interaction of a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide-exchanging factor, Tiam1, with ephrin-B1 and EphA2 mediates neurite outgrowth.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	ephrin B1	Mus musculus	105-114
14988728-3	2004	We report here that the interaction of a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide-exchanging factor, Tiam1, with ephrin-B1 and EphA2 mediates neurite outgrowth.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Eph receptor A2	Mus musculus	119-124
14979728-2	2004	NO has been shown to promote guanine nucleotide exchange on the critical cellular signaling protein p21Ras (Ras) by S-nitrosylation of a redox-active thiol group (Cys(118)).	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	100-106
14973186-2	2004	We show that three guanosine 5"-triphosphate analogs with BODIPY fluorophores coupled via the gamma phosphate bind to the GTPases Cdc42, Rac1, RhoA, and Ras and displace guanosine 5"-diphosphate with high intrinsic exchange rates in the presence of Mg(2+) ions, thereby acting as synthetic, low molecular weight guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	312-330	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	130-135
14973186-2	2004	We show that three guanosine 5"-triphosphate analogs with BODIPY fluorophores coupled via the gamma phosphate bind to the GTPases Cdc42, Rac1, RhoA, and Ras and displace guanosine 5"-diphosphate with high intrinsic exchange rates in the presence of Mg(2+) ions, thereby acting as synthetic, low molecular weight guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	312-330	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
14973186-2	2004	We show that three guanosine 5"-triphosphate analogs with BODIPY fluorophores coupled via the gamma phosphate bind to the GTPases Cdc42, Rac1, RhoA, and Ras and displace guanosine 5"-diphosphate with high intrinsic exchange rates in the presence of Mg(2+) ions, thereby acting as synthetic, low molecular weight guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	312-330	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	143-147
15005707-0	2004	The first CH domain of affixin activates Cdc42 and Rac1 through alphaPIX, a Cdc42/Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchanging factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rac family small GTPase 1	Canis lupus familiaris	51-55
15005707-0	2004	The first CH domain of affixin activates Cdc42 and Rac1 through alphaPIX, a Cdc42/Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchanging factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	cell division control protein 42 homolog	Canis lupus familiaris	76-81
15005707-0	2004	The first CH domain of affixin activates Cdc42 and Rac1 through alphaPIX, a Cdc42/Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchanging factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rac family small GTPase 1	Canis lupus familiaris	82-86
15005707-4	2004	Affixin full length and RP1 co-immunoprecipitated with alphaPIX, a Cdc42/Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchanging factor (GEF), and they co-localized at the tips of lamellipodia in motile cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	oxygen-regulated protein 1	Canis lupus familiaris	24-27
15005707-4	2004	Affixin full length and RP1 co-immunoprecipitated with alphaPIX, a Cdc42/Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchanging factor (GEF), and they co-localized at the tips of lamellipodia in motile cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	cell division control protein 42 homolog	Canis lupus familiaris	67-72
14645372-0	2004	Structural basis for the coordinated regulation of transglutaminase 3 by guanine nucleotides and calcium/magnesium.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-92	transglutaminase 3	Homo sapiens	51-69
14744125-6	2004	In particular, the structure of the mammalian Cdc42 protein bound to the SopE protein from Salmonella typhimurium illustrates how two unrelated protein folds are able to carry out guanine nucleotide exchange by a remarkably similar mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	46-51
14660653-4	2004	Here we present evidence that RhoA associates specifically with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Lbc in human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with fMLP and that Lbc specifically catalyzes the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RhoA in human peripheral blood monocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	30-34
14660653-4	2004	Here we present evidence that RhoA associates specifically with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Lbc in human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with fMLP and that Lbc specifically catalyzes the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RhoA in human peripheral blood monocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
14660653-4	2004	Here we present evidence that RhoA associates specifically with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Lbc in human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with fMLP and that Lbc specifically catalyzes the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RhoA in human peripheral blood monocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	244-248
14660653-4	2004	Here we present evidence that RhoA associates specifically with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Lbc in human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with fMLP and that Lbc specifically catalyzes the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RhoA in human peripheral blood monocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	30-34
14660653-4	2004	Here we present evidence that RhoA associates specifically with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Lbc in human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with fMLP and that Lbc specifically catalyzes the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RhoA in human peripheral blood monocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
14660653-4	2004	Here we present evidence that RhoA associates specifically with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Lbc in human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with fMLP and that Lbc specifically catalyzes the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RhoA in human peripheral blood monocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	244-248
14610092-1	2004	Co-expression of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as the G(i/o)-coupled human 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT(1B)R), with the G(q/11)-coupled human histamine 1 receptor (H1R) results in an overall increase in agonist-independent signaling, which can be augmented by 5-HT(1B)R agonists and inhibited by a selective inverse 5-HT(1B)R agonist.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens	160-167
14610092-1	2004	Co-expression of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as the G(i/o)-coupled human 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT(1B)R), with the G(q/11)-coupled human histamine 1 receptor (H1R) results in an overall increase in agonist-independent signaling, which can be augmented by 5-HT(1B)R agonists and inhibited by a selective inverse 5-HT(1B)R agonist.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	histamine receptor H1	Homo sapiens	203-223
14610092-1	2004	Co-expression of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as the G(i/o)-coupled human 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT(1B)R), with the G(q/11)-coupled human histamine 1 receptor (H1R) results in an overall increase in agonist-independent signaling, which can be augmented by 5-HT(1B)R agonists and inhibited by a selective inverse 5-HT(1B)R agonist.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	histamine receptor H1	Homo sapiens	225-228
14610092-1	2004	Co-expression of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as the G(i/o)-coupled human 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT(1B)R), with the G(q/11)-coupled human histamine 1 receptor (H1R) results in an overall increase in agonist-independent signaling, which can be augmented by 5-HT(1B)R agonists and inhibited by a selective inverse 5-HT(1B)R agonist.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens	321-328
14610092-1	2004	Co-expression of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as the G(i/o)-coupled human 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT(1B)R), with the G(q/11)-coupled human histamine 1 receptor (H1R) results in an overall increase in agonist-independent signaling, which can be augmented by 5-HT(1B)R agonists and inhibited by a selective inverse 5-HT(1B)R agonist.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens	321-328
15009133-0	2004	Somatodendritic localization of the mRNA for EFA6A, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein for ARF6, in rat hippocampus and its involvement in dendritic formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	94-98
14570905-9	2004	It was concluded that the localized activation of Rac1 and Cdc42 was caused by both guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GAPs, and was important for neurite extension.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
14749369-0	2004	Activation of H-Ras in the endoplasmic reticulum by the RasGRF family guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	14-19
14749369-0	2004	Activation of H-Ras in the endoplasmic reticulum by the RasGRF family guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	56-62
14597635-0	2004	Mechanisms of guanine nucleotide exchange and Rac-mediated signaling revealed by a dominant negative trio mutant.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	101-105
14597621-1	2004	We show here that affinity-purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae septin complexes contain stoichiometric amounts of guanine nucleotides, specifically GTP and GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-131	Septin 1	Drosophila melanogaster	61-67
14662653-1	2004	The ARHGEF5/TIM oncogene belongs to the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	4-11
14662653-1	2004	The ARHGEF5/TIM oncogene belongs to the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	12-15
14662653-9	2004	This pattern suggests that ARHGEF5/TIM activates Rac1, Cdc42 or RhoG rather than RhoA, as previously demonstrated in in vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	27-34
14662653-9	2004	This pattern suggests that ARHGEF5/TIM activates Rac1, Cdc42 or RhoG rather than RhoA, as previously demonstrated in in vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	35-38
14715237-0	2004	Determination of the kinetics of guanine nucleotide exchange on EF-Tu and EF-Ts: continuing uncertainties.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	64-69
14715237-0	2004	Determination of the kinetics of guanine nucleotide exchange on EF-Tu and EF-Ts: continuing uncertainties.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	74-79
14715237-5	2004	It thus remains impossible at present satisfactorily to model guanine nucleotide exchange on EF-Tu, catalysed by EF-Ts by a double displacement mechanism, with experimentally derived rate constants.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	93-98
14715237-5	2004	It thus remains impossible at present satisfactorily to model guanine nucleotide exchange on EF-Tu, catalysed by EF-Ts by a double displacement mechanism, with experimentally derived rate constants.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	113-118
14712228-1	2004	PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF are members of a newly identified family of Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) exhibiting a unique structural feature consisting of the presence of an area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	0-10
14712228-1	2004	PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF are members of a newly identified family of Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) exhibiting a unique structural feature consisting of the presence of an area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	12-16
14712228-1	2004	PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF are members of a newly identified family of Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) exhibiting a unique structural feature consisting of the presence of an area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	22-32
14712228-1	2004	PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF are members of a newly identified family of Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) exhibiting a unique structural feature consisting of the presence of an area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	218-251
14712228-1	2004	PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF are members of a newly identified family of Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) exhibiting a unique structural feature consisting of the presence of an area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	253-256
14570905-9	2004	It was concluded that the localized activation of Rac1 and Cdc42 was caused by both guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GAPs, and was important for neurite extension.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
14742910-1	2004	Kalirin is a multidomain guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPbinding proteins of the Rho family.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	kalirin RhoGEF kinase	Homo sapiens	0-7
14693691-3	2004	Instead, an alternative cAMP signaling mechanism has been described, one in which GLP-1 activates cAMP-binding proteins designated as cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMPGEFs, also known as Epac).	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	glucagon	Homo sapiens	82-87
14693691-3	2004	Instead, an alternative cAMP signaling mechanism has been described, one in which GLP-1 activates cAMP-binding proteins designated as cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMPGEFs, also known as Epac).	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	210-214
14607270-5	2004	We will also cover how the Vav proteins succeed in controlling these processes by their function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the Rho/Rac family of GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
15250494-1	2004	On activation, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) exert many of their cellular actions through promotion of guanine nucleotide exchange on the Galpha-subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins to release free Galpha-GTP and betagamma-subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	144-150
15250494-1	2004	On activation, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) exert many of their cellular actions through promotion of guanine nucleotide exchange on the Galpha-subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins to release free Galpha-GTP and betagamma-subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	204-210
15488168-6	2004	AGS3, a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, stimulates autophagy by binding Galphai3 proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15488184-1	2004	Three mammalian Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), p115RhoGEF, and PDZ-RhoGEF, contain regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) domains within their amino-terminal regions.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	172-175
15488183-0	2004	Modular architecture and novel protein-protein interactions regulating the RGS-containing Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	75-78
15488183-1	2004	The regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)-containing RhoGEFs, including p115RhoGEF, PDZ-RhoGEF, and LARG, represent a novel family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for RhoA that are regulated by the Galpha(12/13) family of heterotrimeric G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
15488183-1	2004	The regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)-containing RhoGEFs, including p115RhoGEF, PDZ-RhoGEF, and LARG, represent a novel family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for RhoA that are regulated by the Galpha(12/13) family of heterotrimeric G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	73-83
15488189-1	2004	Ric-8A (synembryn) has been shown to accelerate the in vitro guanine nucleotide exchange activities of most G-protein alpha subunits (with the exception of Galphas).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	0-6
15488189-2	2004	Methods are presented in this article for the purification of Ric-8A and functional analysis of the effects Ric-8A has on G-protein alpha subunit guanine nucleotide-binding activities.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	108-114
14506233-2	2003	Rac1 is activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and inactivated by GTPase-activating proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15488183-1	2004	The regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)-containing RhoGEFs, including p115RhoGEF, PDZ-RhoGEF, and LARG, represent a novel family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for RhoA that are regulated by the Galpha(12/13) family of heterotrimeric G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	85-95
15488183-1	2004	The regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)-containing RhoGEFs, including p115RhoGEF, PDZ-RhoGEF, and LARG, represent a novel family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for RhoA that are regulated by the Galpha(12/13) family of heterotrimeric G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	101-105
15488183-1	2004	The regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)-containing RhoGEFs, including p115RhoGEF, PDZ-RhoGEF, and LARG, represent a novel family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for RhoA that are regulated by the Galpha(12/13) family of heterotrimeric G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	175-179
15488184-1	2004	Three mammalian Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), p115RhoGEF, and PDZ-RhoGEF, contain regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) domains within their amino-terminal regions.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	67-93
15488184-1	2004	Three mammalian Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), p115RhoGEF, and PDZ-RhoGEF, contain regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) domains within their amino-terminal regions.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	118-128
14530282-1	2003	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) that contains four G protein regulatory (GPR) or GoLoco motifs in its C-terminal domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-34
14530282-1	2003	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) that contains four G protein regulatory (GPR) or GoLoco motifs in its C-terminal domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
14506233-7	2003	The regulation of both Rac1 and Rac1b activities is dependent on guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins, but the difference in their activation is mainly determined by the inability of Rac1b to interact with Rho-GDI.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
14623968-0	2003	Translationally controlled tumor protein acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor on the translation elongation factor eEF1A.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	0-40
14670833-1	2003	The Ras subfamily of 21-kDa ("small") guanine nucleotide binding proteins [which includes Ha-Ras, Ki(A)-Ras, Ki(B)-Ras, and N-Ras] is universally important in regulating intracellular signaling events in mammalian cells and controls their growth, proliferation, senescence, differentiation, and survival.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	124-129
14506284-5	2003	The EGF-stimulated activation of Cdc42 does require activated Src, as well as the Vav2 protein, a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	33-38
14506284-5	2003	The EGF-stimulated activation of Cdc42 does require activated Src, as well as the Vav2 protein, a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	vav 2 oncogene	Mus musculus	82-86
14575862-4	2003	The PBR promotes the interactions of small GTPases with SmgGDS, which is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein that stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange by small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	56-62
14566969-10	2003	Rab3D, but not Rab3DQ81L, bound to parotid membranes suggesting that Rab3D-binding to parotid membranes is guanine nucleotide-dependent.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	RAB3D, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
14674766-3	2003	The interaction of farnesylated and unprenylated Ras1p with guanine nucleotides, guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GTPase activating proteins, and adenylyl cyclase was compared to Ras2p and human Ha-Ras interactions.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-79	Ras family GTPase RAS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	49-54
14674766-3	2003	The interaction of farnesylated and unprenylated Ras1p with guanine nucleotides, guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GTPase activating proteins, and adenylyl cyclase was compared to Ras2p and human Ha-Ras interactions.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	Ras family GTPase RAS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	49-54
14690595-0	2003	Crystal structure of ARF1*Sec7 complexed with Brefeldin A and its implications for the guanine nucleotide exchange mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
14690595-0	2003	Crystal structure of ARF1*Sec7 complexed with Brefeldin A and its implications for the guanine nucleotide exchange mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
14645687-0	2003	Allosteric enhancers of A1 adenosine receptors increase receptor-G protein coupling and counteract Guanine nucleotide effects on agonist binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	BCL2 related protein A1	Homo sapiens	24-26
14623968-0	2003	Translationally controlled tumor protein acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor on the translation elongation factor eEF1A.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	130-135
14623968-8	2003	These data suggest that TCTP has guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor activity, and, moreover, implicate TCTP in the elongation step of protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
12920118-2	2003	The eEF1 complex consists of four subunits: eEF1A, a G-protein that shuttles aminoacylated tRNAs to the ribosome; eEF1Balpha and eEF1Bbeta, two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and eEF1Bgamma.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
14623913-1	2003	The Vav family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors is thought to orchestrate signaling events downstream of lymphocyte antigen receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	4-7
14623913-8	2003	Together, we define an essential role for the entire Vav protein family in lymphocyte development and activation and establish the limits of functional redundancy both within this family and between Vav and other Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	217-235	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	53-56
14623913-8	2003	Together, we define an essential role for the entire Vav protein family in lymphocyte development and activation and establish the limits of functional redundancy both within this family and between Vav and other Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	217-235	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	199-202
14659046-1	2003	ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a member of a family of ~20-kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that has been implicated to function in membrane ruffling and cell motility, endocytosis, exocytosis, and membrane recycling.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	0-25
14659046-1	2003	ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a member of a family of ~20-kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that has been implicated to function in membrane ruffling and cell motility, endocytosis, exocytosis, and membrane recycling.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	27-31
14587037-1	2003	The ECT2 protooncogene plays a critical role in cytokinesis, and its C-terminal half encodes a Dbl homology-pleckstrin homology module, which catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on the Rho family of small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	4-8
14574414-2	2003	Prenylated Rabs also occur in the cytosol bound to GDI (guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor), which binds to Rabs in their inactive state.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-15
14574414-2	2003	Prenylated Rabs also occur in the cytosol bound to GDI (guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor), which binds to Rabs in their inactive state.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	115-119
14536050-3	2003	published in the September 19 issue of Cell adds ARF6, a GTPase, and one of its guanine nucleotide exchange factors to this set of players.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	ADP ribosylation factor at 51F	Drosophila melanogaster	49-53
13679059-8	2003	Guanine nucleotide exchange activities of the testis-expressed mouse Mcf-2 and human Dbl were analyzed using RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 as substrates.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	69-74
13679059-8	2003	Guanine nucleotide exchange activities of the testis-expressed mouse Mcf-2 and human Dbl were analyzed using RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 as substrates.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	85-88
13679059-8	2003	Guanine nucleotide exchange activities of the testis-expressed mouse Mcf-2 and human Dbl were analyzed using RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 as substrates.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	109-113
13679059-8	2003	Guanine nucleotide exchange activities of the testis-expressed mouse Mcf-2 and human Dbl were analyzed using RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 as substrates.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	115-119
13679059-8	2003	Guanine nucleotide exchange activities of the testis-expressed mouse Mcf-2 and human Dbl were analyzed using RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 as substrates.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	125-130
12777642-15	2003	IFIT1 is the first gene described as a candidate gene for SLE, and may function by activating Rho proteins through interaction with Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
14607972-2	2003	It is activated by distinct types of Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors coupled with various receptors or second messengers, while activated Rap1 is down-regulated by Rap1 GTPase-activating proteins, through which Rap1 activation is controlled spatio-temporally.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	37-41
14607972-2	2003	It is activated by distinct types of Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors coupled with various receptors or second messengers, while activated Rap1 is down-regulated by Rap1 GTPase-activating proteins, through which Rap1 activation is controlled spatio-temporally.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	147-151
14607972-2	2003	It is activated by distinct types of Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors coupled with various receptors or second messengers, while activated Rap1 is down-regulated by Rap1 GTPase-activating proteins, through which Rap1 activation is controlled spatio-temporally.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	147-151
14607972-2	2003	It is activated by distinct types of Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors coupled with various receptors or second messengers, while activated Rap1 is down-regulated by Rap1 GTPase-activating proteins, through which Rap1 activation is controlled spatio-temporally.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	147-151
12777642-15	2003	IFIT1 is the first gene described as a candidate gene for SLE, and may function by activating Rho proteins through interaction with Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	136-139
12860983-0	2003	Oxidized human neuroglobin acts as a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	15-26
14506307-3	2003	We outline the pathway from receptors through trimeric G proteins (Galphaq, Galpha12, Galpha13) to activation, by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), from GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	76-84
14506307-3	2003	We outline the pathway from receptors through trimeric G proteins (Galphaq, Galpha12, Galpha13) to activation, by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), from GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	86-94
12860983-6	2003	In GDP dissociation assays or guanosine 5"-O-(3-thio)triphosphate binding assays, ferric Ngb behaved as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), inhibiting the rate of exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	89-92
12860983-0	2003	Oxidized human neuroglobin acts as a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	52-58
12935915-1	2003	FERM domain including Rho GEF (FIR) is one of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	FERM, RhoGEF and pleckstrin domain protein 2	Mus musculus	31-34
14505574-3	2003	Loner localizes to subcellular sites of fusion and acts downstream of cell surface fusion receptors by recruiting the small GTPase ARF6 and stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	schizo	Drosophila melanogaster	0-5
14505574-3	2003	Loner localizes to subcellular sites of fusion and acts downstream of cell surface fusion receptors by recruiting the small GTPase ARF6 and stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	ADP ribosylation factor at 51F	Drosophila melanogaster	131-135
12810717-5	2003	We further show that Vav2 and the ubiquitously expressed Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 are phosphorylated in tyrosine residues in cells transfected with active and oncogenic Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
12810717-5	2003	We further show that Vav2 and the ubiquitously expressed Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 are phosphorylated in tyrosine residues in cells transfected with active and oncogenic Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	97-102
12810717-5	2003	We further show that Vav2 and the ubiquitously expressed Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 are phosphorylated in tyrosine residues in cells transfected with active and oncogenic Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	190-193
12935915-1	2003	FERM domain including Rho GEF (FIR) is one of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	90-94
12944494-3	2003	An additional pathway salvages guanine through the activity of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) to supply the cell with guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-160	hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase	Mus musculus	63-109
12773302-2	2003	Previous in vitro work has shown that high concentrations of cholecystokinin both inhibit protein synthesis and inhibit the activity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)2B by increasing the phosphorylation of eIF2alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, subunit 4 delta	Mus musculus	205-211
12773302-2	2003	Previous in vitro work has shown that high concentrations of cholecystokinin both inhibit protein synthesis and inhibit the activity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)2B by increasing the phosphorylation of eIF2alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Mus musculus	249-258
12773302-6	2003	Caerulein inhibited the two major regulatory points of translation initiation: the activity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B (with an increase of eIF2alpha phosphorylation) and the formation of the eIF4F complex due, in part, to degradation of eIF4G.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, subunit 4 delta	Mus musculus	134-139
12773302-6	2003	Caerulein inhibited the two major regulatory points of translation initiation: the activity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B (with an increase of eIF2alpha phosphorylation) and the formation of the eIF4F complex due, in part, to degradation of eIF4G.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Mus musculus	161-170
14550769-0	2003	Roles of STEF/Tiam1, guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1, in regulation of growth cone morphology.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	61-65
14550769-2	2003	Here, we describe roles of STEF and Tiam1, guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1, in neurite growth and growth cone remodeling.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	83-87
12944494-3	2003	An additional pathway salvages guanine through the activity of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) to supply the cell with guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-160	hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase	Mus musculus	111-115
12944494-6	2003	In addition, IMPDH type I(-/-) HPRT(-/0) splenocytes showed reduced interleukin-4 production and impaired cytolytic activity after antibody activation, indicating an important role for guanine salvage in supplementing the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	243-262	hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase	Mus musculus	31-35
12773547-4	2003	EF-1 delta provides the guanine nucleotide exchange activities on EF-1 alpha during elongation step of protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta	Homo sapiens	0-10
12773547-4	2003	EF-1 delta provides the guanine nucleotide exchange activities on EF-1 alpha during elongation step of protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	66-76
12754211-1	2003	Heterotrimeric G-proteins of the Galpha12/13 family activate Rho GTPase through the guanine nucleotide exchange factor p115RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	119-129
12913069-2	2003	FGD1 and Fgd1, the mouse FGD1 ortholog, encode guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) that specifically activate Cdc42, a Rho GTPase that controls the organization of the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 1	Mus musculus	0-4
12913069-2	2003	FGD1 and Fgd1, the mouse FGD1 ortholog, encode guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) that specifically activate Cdc42, a Rho GTPase that controls the organization of the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 1	Mus musculus	9-13
12913069-2	2003	FGD1 and Fgd1, the mouse FGD1 ortholog, encode guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) that specifically activate Cdc42, a Rho GTPase that controls the organization of the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 1	Mus musculus	25-29
12913069-2	2003	FGD1 and Fgd1, the mouse FGD1 ortholog, encode guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) that specifically activate Cdc42, a Rho GTPase that controls the organization of the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	116-121
12837691-5	2003	The carboxy-terminus of ALS2 protein carrying a VPS9 domain mediates not only the activation of Rab5 via a guanine-nucleotide exchanging reaction but also the endosomal localization of the ALS2 protein, while the amino-terminal half containing RLD acts suppressive in its membranous localization.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ALS2	Homo sapiens	24-28
12880769-6	2003	It binds guanine nucleotides specifically, as demonstrated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer between 2"-(or-3")-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl) nucleotides (mant-nucleotides) and the tryptophans of YihA.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-28	YihA	Escherichia coli	199-203
12879077-3	2003	Dock180 does not contain a conventional catalytic domain for guanine nucleotide exchange on Rac, but possesses a domain that directly binds to and specifically activates Rac1 (refs 5, 6).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
12831845-0	2003	Albumin: a Galpha(s)-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor and GTPase activating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	albumin	Homo sapiens	0-7
12831845-0	2003	Albumin: a Galpha(s)-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor and GTPase activating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	11-17
12831845-5	2003	Thus, BSA functions as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for Galpha(s).	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	71-77
12837691-5	2003	The carboxy-terminus of ALS2 protein carrying a VPS9 domain mediates not only the activation of Rab5 via a guanine-nucleotide exchanging reaction but also the endosomal localization of the ALS2 protein, while the amino-terminal half containing RLD acts suppressive in its membranous localization.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	96-100
12842009-3	2003	Possible mechanisms by which Rnd proteins could function as RhoA antagonists include sequestration of RhoA effector molecules, inhibition of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and activation of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) for RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	60-64
12829242-3	2003	Several pathways lead from PI3K activation via the production of the lipid second messenger phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)) to the activation of guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	175-193	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	232-235
12759371-5	2003	Guanine nucleotides exchanged into the Rab4 present on the vesicles as shown by solubilization of Rab4 by Rab-GDI; solubilization was inhibited by incubation with GTP-gamma-S and promoted by GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	39-43
12759371-5	2003	Guanine nucleotides exchanged into the Rab4 present on the vesicles as shown by solubilization of Rab4 by Rab-GDI; solubilization was inhibited by incubation with GTP-gamma-S and promoted by GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	98-102
12832082-0	2003	Alkylation of sulfhydryl groups on Galpha(s/olf) subunits by N-ethylmaleimide: regulation by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-112	G protein subunit alpha L	Rattus norvegicus	44-47
12805218-3	2003	GRF1 is a Ras-guanine nucleotide exchange factor known previously for its restricted expression in brain and its role in learning and memory.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1	Mus musculus	0-4
12637530-5	2003	We determined that mutation of basic amino acids located within the beta1-beta2 and beta3-beta4 loops of the PH domain resulted in impaired phospholipid binding in vitro, yet full guanine nucleotide exchange activity in vitro was retained for RhoA and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	243-247
12609835-0	2003	Induction of apoptosis in IL-3-dependent hematopoietic cell lines by guanine nucleotide depletion.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	26-30
12767920-2	2003	RGL2 is a member of the ral GDS family of proteins that contains a carboxy terminal ras-binding domain which binds the GTP ligated form of ras and rap and a CDC25 homology domain with the structural features of a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	213-231	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator-like 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
12753087-8	2003	These studies demonstrate that a fusion protein between a G protein-coupled receptor and an RGS protein is fully functional in providing both enhanced guanine nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis of a coexpressed G protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-169	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	92-95
14499478-1	2003	p190RhoGEF is a large multi-functional protein with guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 28	Mus musculus	0-10
14499478-1	2003	p190RhoGEF is a large multi-functional protein with guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	7-10
12588708-7	2003	FI additionally inhibited thrombin-mediated dissociation of RhoA from guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) and enhanced in vivo incorporation of (32)P by GDI.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	26-34
12588708-7	2003	FI additionally inhibited thrombin-mediated dissociation of RhoA from guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) and enhanced in vivo incorporation of (32)P by GDI.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	60-64
12799088-0	2003	Dynamic and coordinated expression profile of dbl-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors in the developing mouse brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	46-49
12799088-1	2003	Dbl-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Dbl-GEFs) act as activators of Rho-like small G proteins such as Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	0-3
12799088-1	2003	Dbl-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Dbl-GEFs) act as activators of Rho-like small G proteins such as Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	48-51
12799088-1	2003	Dbl-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Dbl-GEFs) act as activators of Rho-like small G proteins such as Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	113-117
12799088-1	2003	Dbl-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Dbl-GEFs) act as activators of Rho-like small G proteins such as Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	119-124
12799088-1	2003	Dbl-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Dbl-GEFs) act as activators of Rho-like small G proteins such as Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	129-133
12761345-2	2003	The RhoA-GTPase, but not the Rac1-GTPase, also possesses vicinal cysteines within the guanine nucleotide-binding region (aa 13-20) and the phosphohydrolase activity site.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	4-8
12740440-0	2003	Structural and biochemical studies of p21Ras S-nitrosylation and nitric oxide-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
12626503-2	2003	Here we report a novel interaction between Shank and beta PIX, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rac1 and Cdc42 small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 2	Homo sapiens	43-48
12626503-2	2003	Here we report a novel interaction between Shank and beta PIX, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rac1 and Cdc42 small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	53-61
12626503-2	2003	Here we report a novel interaction between Shank and beta PIX, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rac1 and Cdc42 small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
12626503-2	2003	Here we report a novel interaction between Shank and beta PIX, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rac1 and Cdc42 small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	117-122
12626509-5	2003	Biochemical analysis revealed direct binding of MSF-A with polymerized tubulin through its central region containing guanine nucleotide-interactive motifs.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	proteoglycan 4	Homo sapiens	48-51
12637522-1	2003	Dbl family members are guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) and invariably possess tandem Dbl (DH) and pleckstrin homology (PH) domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	0-3
12637522-3	2003	In this study, the PH domain of Dbs was mutated to impair selectively either guanine nucleotide exchange or phosphoinositide binding in vitro and resulting physiological alterations were assessed.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	mcf.2 transforming sequence-like	Mus musculus	32-35
12624092-7	2003	We have mapped the Ral binding site on this domain and found that it overlaps with protein-protein interaction sites on other IPT domains but that it is completely different from the G protein-geranyl-geranyl interaction face of the Ig-like domain of the Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	259-277	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	19-22
12735795-6	2003	The Sec12 protein promotes efficient guanine nucleotide exchange on the Sar1 GTPase in the ER.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	prolactin regulatory element binding	Homo sapiens	4-9
12717453-6	2003	Considering the enzymatic parameters of MTH1 and NUDT5 for oxidized guanine nucleotides, NUDT5 might have a much greater role than MTH1 in preventing the occurrence of mutations that are caused by the misincorporation of 8-oxoguanine in human cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-87	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
12717453-6	2003	Considering the enzymatic parameters of MTH1 and NUDT5 for oxidized guanine nucleotides, NUDT5 might have a much greater role than MTH1 in preventing the occurrence of mutations that are caused by the misincorporation of 8-oxoguanine in human cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-87	nudix hydrolase 5	Homo sapiens	49-54
12717453-6	2003	Considering the enzymatic parameters of MTH1 and NUDT5 for oxidized guanine nucleotides, NUDT5 might have a much greater role than MTH1 in preventing the occurrence of mutations that are caused by the misincorporation of 8-oxoguanine in human cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-87	nudix hydrolase 5	Homo sapiens	89-94
12717453-6	2003	Considering the enzymatic parameters of MTH1 and NUDT5 for oxidized guanine nucleotides, NUDT5 might have a much greater role than MTH1 in preventing the occurrence of mutations that are caused by the misincorporation of 8-oxoguanine in human cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-87	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
12694532-0	2003	Caffeine mimics adenine and 2"-deoxyadenosine, both of which inhibit the guanine-nucleotide exchange activity of RCC1 and the kinase activity of ATR.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	regulator of chromosome condensation	Mesocricetus auratus	113-117
12802079-3	2003	We show that the inactive form of Rab1b (the N121I mutant with impaired guanine nucleotide binding) blocks forward transport of cargo and induces Golgi disruption.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	34-39
12594205-4	2003	SCOP interacted directly through its LRR domain with a subset of K-Ras in the guanine nucleotide-free form that was present in the raft fraction.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
12594205-4	2003	SCOP interacted directly through its LRR domain with a subset of K-Ras in the guanine nucleotide-free form that was present in the raft fraction.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	65-70
12594205-5	2003	This interaction interfered with the binding of added guanine nucleotide to K-Ras in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	76-81
12680752-3	2003	On the basis of this conformational change, we have created a series of single-molecule sensors for both active Cdc42 and Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that utilize fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	122-127
12551911-1	2003	The armadillo protein SmgGDS promotes guanine nucleotide exchange by small GTPases containing a C-terminal polybasic region (PBR), such as Rac1 and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	4-13
12551911-1	2003	The armadillo protein SmgGDS promotes guanine nucleotide exchange by small GTPases containing a C-terminal polybasic region (PBR), such as Rac1 and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	22-28
12551911-1	2003	The armadillo protein SmgGDS promotes guanine nucleotide exchange by small GTPases containing a C-terminal polybasic region (PBR), such as Rac1 and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
12551911-1	2003	The armadillo protein SmgGDS promotes guanine nucleotide exchange by small GTPases containing a C-terminal polybasic region (PBR), such as Rac1 and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	148-152
12870871-1	2003	The specificity of interaction between the second PDZ domain of human protein tyrosine phosphatase1E (PDZ2) and a C-terminal peptide, ENEQVSAV, from the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RA-GEF-2 was investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS).	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 13	Homo sapiens	70-100
12870871-1	2003	The specificity of interaction between the second PDZ domain of human protein tyrosine phosphatase1E (PDZ2) and a C-terminal peptide, ENEQVSAV, from the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RA-GEF-2 was investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS).	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	188-196
12671687-6	2003	Remarkably, the membrane translocation of C3G, its association with CrkL, and the guanine-nucleotide exchange activity of C3G were all increased in Cbl(-/-) thymocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
12671687-6	2003	Remarkably, the membrane translocation of C3G, its association with CrkL, and the guanine-nucleotide exchange activity of C3G were all increased in Cbl(-/-) thymocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	148-151
12686614-0	2003	Intersectin 1L guanine nucleotide exchange activity is regulated by adjacent src homology 3 domains that are also involved in endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	intersectin 1	Homo sapiens	0-13
12686614-1	2003	Intersectin 1L is a scaffolding protein involved in endocytosis that also has guanine nucleotide exchange activity for Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	119-124
12496249-3	2003	However, it is now apparent that cAMP also exerts its effects by binding to cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epac).	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	128-132
12509430-6	2003	The mechanism of Ric-8A-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange was elucidated.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	17-23
12606707-9	2003	These findings are consistent with a role for FKBP13 and FK506 in vesicular trafficking, influencing ARF activity through their guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	FKBP prolyl isomerase 2	Homo sapiens	46-52
12616499-2	2003	Vav1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for members of the Rho/Rac family of GTPases which is activated following TCR stimulation, suggesting that it may transduce TCR signals to the activation of some or all actin-controlled processes.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
12616499-2	2003	Vav1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for members of the Rho/Rac family of GTPases which is activated following TCR stimulation, suggesting that it may transduce TCR signals to the activation of some or all actin-controlled processes.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	119-122
12616499-2	2003	Vav1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for members of the Rho/Rac family of GTPases which is activated following TCR stimulation, suggesting that it may transduce TCR signals to the activation of some or all actin-controlled processes.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	169-172
12829327-1	2003	FERM domain including Rho GEF (FIR) belongs to Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and specifically activates biochemical pathways specific for Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	158-162
12578910-2	2003	However, more recently PKA-independent pathways have been established through the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	127-131
12578910-2	2003	However, more recently PKA-independent pathways have been established through the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	193-197
12578910-2	2003	However, more recently PKA-independent pathways have been established through the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	202-206
12761345-6	2003	Furthermore, RhoA treated with PAO, but not Rac1 treated with PAO, lost its property to bind to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-115	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	13-17
12761345-8	2003	Further analysis of Glu-C-generated RhoA peptides confirmed binding of PAO to a peptide harboring the guanine nucleotide binding region.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	36-40
12475976-12	2003	These results reveal the existence of a novel mechanism of Rac activation by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and suggest that the induction by Trio of a conformational change in Rac1, in the absence of nucleotide exchange, is sufficient for enhancing its effector function.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	59-62
12475976-12	2003	These results reveal the existence of a novel mechanism of Rac activation by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and suggest that the induction by Trio of a conformational change in Rac1, in the absence of nucleotide exchange, is sufficient for enhancing its effector function.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	148-152
12471028-3	2003	To assess how this membrane partitioning influences the activation of Rac by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GDP-to-GTP exchange reactions were performed in the presence of liposomes using different forms of Rac-GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
12475976-12	2003	These results reveal the existence of a novel mechanism of Rac activation by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and suggest that the induction by Trio of a conformational change in Rac1, in the absence of nucleotide exchange, is sufficient for enhancing its effector function.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	183-187
12515866-2	2003	Recently, we identified p115RhoGEF, one of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho, as a direct link between Galpha13 and Rho [Kozasa, T., et al.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	24-34
12388085-9	2003	In the present study, we show in both NIH-3T3 cells and mouse embryo fibroblasts that stress granules contain not only eIF2 but also the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2, eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	176-180
12388085-9	2003	In the present study, we show in both NIH-3T3 cells and mouse embryo fibroblasts that stress granules contain not only eIF2 but also the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2, eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	182-187
12534294-2	2003	RGS14 and RGS12 are unique among RGS proteins in that they also regulate Galpha(i) signals because of the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) activity of a GoLoco motif near their carboxy-termini.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	0-5
12534294-2	2003	RGS14 and RGS12 are unique among RGS proteins in that they also regulate Galpha(i) signals because of the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) activity of a GoLoco motif near their carboxy-termini.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	regulator of G protein signaling 12	Homo sapiens	10-15
12534294-2	2003	RGS14 and RGS12 are unique among RGS proteins in that they also regulate Galpha(i) signals because of the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) activity of a GoLoco motif near their carboxy-termini.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
12534294-2	2003	RGS14 and RGS12 are unique among RGS proteins in that they also regulate Galpha(i) signals because of the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) activity of a GoLoco motif near their carboxy-termini.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	73-79
12446731-3	2003	We report in the present study on another protein, Tiam1, which is a specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rac1 and which binds to c-Myc and modulates several of its biological functions.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-56
12446731-3	2003	We report in the present study on another protein, Tiam1, which is a specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rac1 and which binds to c-Myc and modulates several of its biological functions.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	116-120
12446731-3	2003	We report in the present study on another protein, Tiam1, which is a specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rac1 and which binds to c-Myc and modulates several of its biological functions.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	140-145
12538638-4	2003	We report that CFTR is sequestered into ER subdomains containing the chaperone Kar2p, and that sequestration and CFTR degradation are disrupted in sec12ts strain (mutant in guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Sar1p), sec13ts strain (mutant in the Sec13p component of COPII), and sec23ts strain (mutant in the Sec23p component of COPII) grown at restrictive temperature.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	Arf family GTPase SAR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	212-217
12515866-2	2003	Recently, we identified p115RhoGEF, one of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho, as a direct link between Galpha13 and Rho [Kozasa, T., et al.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	124-132
12410638-6	2003	In contrast, the effects of GLP-1 on RyR-mediated [ATP](m) increases were apparently mediated by the cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor cAMP-GEFII, since xestospongin C-insensitive [ATP](m) increases were blocked by a dominant-negative form of cAMP-GEFII (G114E,G422D).	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	glucagon	Mus musculus	28-33
12393875-3	2003	Whereas RhoA is activated via Galpha(12/13)-linked Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, it is unknown how LPA receptors may signal to Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	8-12
12410638-6	2003	In contrast, the effects of GLP-1 on RyR-mediated [ATP](m) increases were apparently mediated by the cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor cAMP-GEFII, since xestospongin C-insensitive [ATP](m) increases were blocked by a dominant-negative form of cAMP-GEFII (G114E,G422D).	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	ryanodine receptor 1, skeletal muscle	Mus musculus	37-40
12410638-6	2003	In contrast, the effects of GLP-1 on RyR-mediated [ATP](m) increases were apparently mediated by the cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor cAMP-GEFII, since xestospongin C-insensitive [ATP](m) increases were blocked by a dominant-negative form of cAMP-GEFII (G114E,G422D).	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 4	Mus musculus	151-161
12401782-0	2002	Functional analysis of cdc42 residues required for Guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	23-28
12511541-1	2003	A common polymorphism (825 C/T) in exon 10 of the GNB3 gene, that encodes for the beta-3 subunit, has been associated with different degrees of activation of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	G protein subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	50-54
12469113-2	2003	Recently, guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for the small GTP-binding proteins Rap1 and Rap2 (Epacs) were described, which are also activated directly by cAMP.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	90-94
12469113-2	2003	Recently, guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for the small GTP-binding proteins Rap1 and Rap2 (Epacs) were described, which are also activated directly by cAMP.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	99-103
12401782-3	2002	In the present study, functional roles were defined for specific residues within Cdc42 implicated by the crystal structures as important for physiological exchange of guanine nucleotides within Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	167-186	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	81-86
12432077-0	2002	Identification of an evolutionarily conserved superfamily of DOCK180-related proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	61-68
12386169-2	2002	One well studied regulator of Rho GTPases is Vav1; a hematopoietic cell-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor critical for signaling in T cells, including stimulation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT).	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
12386169-3	2002	Surprisingly, Vav1 associates with Ly-GDI, a hematopoietic cell-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
12386169-3	2002	Surprisingly, Vav1 associates with Ly-GDI, a hematopoietic cell-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	35-41
12376551-4	2002	First, we determined that RhoG was regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors that also activate Rac and/or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	26-30
12473690-6	2002	Targeting of atToc159 to the outer envelope membrane is strictly dependent only on guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-102	translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 159	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-21
12376551-4	2002	First, we determined that RhoG was regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors that also activate Rac and/or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	103-106
12376551-4	2002	First, we determined that RhoG was regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors that also activate Rac and/or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	114-119
12388121-4	2002	The guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF2B was repressed, phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of eIF2 was enhanced, and phosphorylation of eIF4E-binding protein-1 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase was reduced.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
12454455-2	2002	In a previous study using a model system of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), it was shown that mutating Lys residues to Ala results in enhanced crystallizability, particularly when clusters of lysines are targeted.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	100-106
12492428-3	2002	Recently, two novel Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG, have been identified to interact with the activated alpha-subunits of G12/G13 and are thus believed to mediate GPCR-induced Rho activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 11	Mus musculus	80-90
12498886-4	2002	Dexras1 is a monomeric G protein whose guanine nucleotide exchange activity is augmented by NO; the identity and number of its S-nitrosylated cysteines is unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	ras related dexamethasone induced 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
12492428-3	2002	Recently, two novel Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG, have been identified to interact with the activated alpha-subunits of G12/G13 and are thus believed to mediate GPCR-induced Rho activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 12	Mus musculus	95-99
12270917-10	2002	These results support the concept that the recently identified alpha-catulin protein may modulate Rho pathway signaling in vivo by providing a scaffold for the Lbc Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	catenin alpha like 1	Homo sapiens	63-76
12437383-10	2002	In the absence of top 1, the C17 hydroxyl of CPT is involved in ester exchange (nicking of the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone followed by covalent joining of free phosphate to C17) whereas its C20 carboxyl forms two hydrogen bonds with the same guanine nucleotide at the opposite end of the broken DNA backbone.	Guanine Nucleotides	243-261	cytokine like 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
12183458-0	2002	Plexin B regulates Rho through the guanine nucleotide exchange factors leukemia-associated Rho GEF (LARG) and PDZ-RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Rattus norvegicus	71-98
12423633-0	2002	Characterization of the interactions between the small GTPase RhoA and its guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	62-66
12423633-5	2002	The continuous coupled enzyme system was used for characterization of the interactions between the small GTPase RhoA and its guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Lbc and Dbl.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	112-116
12183458-0	2002	Plexin B regulates Rho through the guanine nucleotide exchange factors leukemia-associated Rho GEF (LARG) and PDZ-RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Rattus norvegicus	100-104
12183458-4	2002	Here we show that Plexin B2 associates directly with two members of a recently identified family of Dbl homology/pleckstrin homology containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho, PDZ-RhoGEF, and Leukemia-associated Rho GEF (LARG).	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	plexin B2	Rattus norvegicus	18-27
12183458-4	2002	Here we show that Plexin B2 associates directly with two members of a recently identified family of Dbl homology/pleckstrin homology containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho, PDZ-RhoGEF, and Leukemia-associated Rho GEF (LARG).	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Rattus norvegicus	205-232
12183458-4	2002	Here we show that Plexin B2 associates directly with two members of a recently identified family of Dbl homology/pleckstrin homology containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho, PDZ-RhoGEF, and Leukemia-associated Rho GEF (LARG).	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Rattus norvegicus	234-238
12221096-6	2002	In vitro, XPLN stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and RhoB, but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	10-14
12438453-3	2002	In a search for small-molecule inhibitors of PTHrP production or effects, we have identified guanine-nucleotide analogs as compounds that inhibit PTHrP expression by human tumor cells associated with these syndromes.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	parathyroid hormone like hormone	Homo sapiens	45-50
12221096-6	2002	In vitro, XPLN stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and RhoB, but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	57-61
12221096-6	2002	In vitro, XPLN stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and RhoB, but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	66-70
12494999-9	2002	We propose that the biological activity of Ran is determined by its targeting to structures such as chromatin as well as its guanine nucleotide bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	43-46
12438453-3	2002	In a search for small-molecule inhibitors of PTHrP production or effects, we have identified guanine-nucleotide analogs as compounds that inhibit PTHrP expression by human tumor cells associated with these syndromes.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	parathyroid hormone like hormone	Homo sapiens	146-151
12379123-4	2002	Compared to the rate of uncatalyzed, spontaneous translocation, ribosome binding of EF-G with any guanine nucleotide reduces the free energy of activation by about 18 kJ/mol, whereas GTP hydrolysis contributes another 10 kJ/mol.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
12177050-1	2002	Vav family proteins are members of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and activators of Rho family small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
12297102-5	2002	Our biochemical and genetic data indicate that unc-73, which encodes a protein related to Trio-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor, acts as a direct activator of ced-10 and mig-2 during P cell migration and axon outgrowth of D type motoneurons and amphid sensory neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	Uncharacterized protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	47-53
12364467-1	2002	Mutations in the guanine nucleotide binding alpha-subunit 1 gene (GNAS1) cause Albright"s hereditary osteodistrophy, and the parent of transmission determines variable phenotypic expression of the disease.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	66-71
12297102-5	2002	Our biochemical and genetic data indicate that unc-73, which encodes a protein related to Trio-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor, acts as a direct activator of ced-10 and mig-2 during P cell migration and axon outgrowth of D type motoneurons and amphid sensory neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	Ras-related protein ced-10	Caenorhabditis elegans	166-172
12297102-5	2002	Our biochemical and genetic data indicate that unc-73, which encodes a protein related to Trio-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor, acts as a direct activator of ced-10 and mig-2 during P cell migration and axon outgrowth of D type motoneurons and amphid sensory neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	Uncharacterized protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	177-182
12270144-0	2002	Effect of Mg(2+) on the kinetics of guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis by Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	81-86
12183515-6	2002	In contrast, insulin in combination with resistance exercise stimulates translation initiation and protein synthesis through enhanced activity of a guanine nucleotide exchange protein referred to as eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	insulin	Homo sapiens	13-20
12220504-0	2002	Interaction of plexin-B1 with PDZ domain-containing Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	plexin B1	Homo sapiens	15-24
12220504-3	2002	In this study, we have identified two kinds of PDZ domain-containing Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) as proteins interacting with plexin-B1 cytoplasmic domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	plexin B1	Homo sapiens	157-166
12168089-5	2002	Finally, Ral-GDS belongs to a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Ral GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	9-12
12168089-5	2002	Finally, Ral-GDS belongs to a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Ral GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	90-93
12183515-6	2002	In contrast, insulin in combination with resistance exercise stimulates translation initiation and protein synthesis through enhanced activity of a guanine nucleotide exchange protein referred to as eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	199-204
12217396-7	2002	rRasGRP4 contains all of the functional domains present in the RasGRP family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	RAS guanyl releasing protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
12192056-2	2002	We developed fluorescent resonance energy transfer-based probes which monitored the local balance between the activities of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins for Rac1 and Cdc42 at the membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	195-199
12192056-2	2002	We developed fluorescent resonance energy transfer-based probes which monitored the local balance between the activities of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins for Rac1 and Cdc42 at the membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	204-209
12192056-7	2002	Raichu-Rac and Raichu-Cdc42 were also applied to a rapid and simple assay for the analysis of putative guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) in living cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	7-10
12192056-7	2002	Raichu-Rac and Raichu-Cdc42 were also applied to a rapid and simple assay for the analysis of putative guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) in living cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	22-27
12217396-7	2002	rRasGRP4 contains all of the functional domains present in the RasGRP family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	RAS guanyl releasing protein 4	Mus musculus	1-7
12186560-5	2002	By direct binding studies using purified recombinant proteins or phosphopeptides and by mutagenesis of individual tyrosines in LAT to phenylalanine residues, we demonstrate that Y(171) and potentially Y(226) are docking sites for the Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	238-256	linker for activation of T cells	Mus musculus	127-130
12183666-0	2002	Measurement of agonist-dependent and -independent signal initiation of alpha(1b)-adrenoceptor mutants by direct analysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on the G protein galpha(11).	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Homo sapiens	71-93
12183666-0	2002	Measurement of agonist-dependent and -independent signal initiation of alpha(1b)-adrenoceptor mutants by direct analysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on the G protein galpha(11).	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	G protein subunit alpha 11	Homo sapiens	169-179
12186560-5	2002	By direct binding studies using purified recombinant proteins or phosphopeptides and by mutagenesis of individual tyrosines in LAT to phenylalanine residues, we demonstrate that Y(171) and potentially Y(226) are docking sites for the Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	238-256	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	234-237
12194828-2	2002	Experiments using Xenopus egg extracts have shown that generation of Ran-GTP by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 also plays roles in mitotic spindle assembly.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	69-72
12176017-1	2002	Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sec12p, an ER membrane protein, carries out an essential function as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small GTPase Sar1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	Sar family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC12	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-37
12176017-1	2002	Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sec12p, an ER membrane protein, carries out an essential function as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small GTPase Sar1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	Arf family GTPase SAR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	159-164
11880369-4	2002	We identified a new member of the Ras guanyl nucleotide-releasing protein (RasGRP) family of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors, designating it RasGRP4.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	RAS guanyl releasing protein 4	Homo sapiens	75-81
11880369-4	2002	We identified a new member of the Ras guanyl nucleotide-releasing protein (RasGRP) family of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors, designating it RasGRP4.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	RAS guanyl releasing protein 4	Homo sapiens	149-156
11880369-12	2002	We conclude that RasGRP4 is a member of the RasGRP family of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors that may play a role in myeloid cell signaling growth regulation pathways that are responsive to diacylglycerol levels.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	RAS guanyl releasing protein 4	Homo sapiens	17-24
11880369-12	2002	We conclude that RasGRP4 is a member of the RasGRP family of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors that may play a role in myeloid cell signaling growth regulation pathways that are responsive to diacylglycerol levels.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	RAS guanyl releasing protein 4	Homo sapiens	17-23
12194828-2	2002	Experiments using Xenopus egg extracts have shown that generation of Ran-GTP by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 also plays roles in mitotic spindle assembly.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	regulator of chromosome condensation 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	119-123
12180976-5	2002	Purified recombinant S64/SBP2 protein, expressed as a histidine-tagged protein in Escherichia coli, exhibited nucleotide-binding specificity to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-163	sucrose-binding protein 2	Glycine max	25-29
12023958-7	2002	Furthermore, Etk disrupts the interaction between RhoA and Rho-GDI (guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor) and promotes the membrane translocation of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	BMX non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	13-16
12023958-7	2002	Furthermore, Etk disrupts the interaction between RhoA and Rho-GDI (guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor) and promotes the membrane translocation of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	50-54
12023958-7	2002	Furthermore, Etk disrupts the interaction between RhoA and Rho-GDI (guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor) and promotes the membrane translocation of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	59-66
12177507-2	2002	SOS also appears to serve as a guanine nucleotide exchanger for Rac and, thus, may be involved in cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
12134164-2	2002	Formation of active Rac-GTP is stimulated by Dbl family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Tiam1 (ref.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
12214898-4	2002	In this study, we examined the effect of two cytokines, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, on the expression of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins), Gs alpha and Gi alpha-3, by Western blotting in the CD4+ cells of nonatopic nonasthmatic (NANA), atopic nonasthmatic (ANA), and atopic asthmatic (AA) subjects.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	56-64
12214898-4	2002	In this study, we examined the effect of two cytokines, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, on the expression of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins), Gs alpha and Gi alpha-3, by Western blotting in the CD4+ cells of nonatopic nonasthmatic (NANA), atopic nonasthmatic (ANA), and atopic asthmatic (AA) subjects.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	69-78
12134164-2	2002	Formation of active Rac-GTP is stimulated by Dbl family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Tiam1 (ref.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	108-113
12096337-2	2002	The wild-type Bcr product has several recognizable structural and functional motifs including a domain that contains guanine nucleotide exchange activity for Rho family GTPases (DH/PH domain).	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	14-17
12095257-1	2002	The solution structure of the second PDZ domain from human phosphatase hPTP1E in complex with a C-terminal peptide from the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RA-GEF-2 has been determined using 2D and 3D heteronuclear NMR experiments.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 13	Homo sapiens	71-77
12095257-1	2002	The solution structure of the second PDZ domain from human phosphatase hPTP1E in complex with a C-terminal peptide from the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RA-GEF-2 has been determined using 2D and 3D heteronuclear NMR experiments.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	159-167
12082148-0	2002	A conserved C-terminal domain of EFA6-family ARF6-guanine nucleotide exchange factors induces lengthening of microvilli-like membrane protrusions.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	33-37
12082148-0	2002	A conserved C-terminal domain of EFA6-family ARF6-guanine nucleotide exchange factors induces lengthening of microvilli-like membrane protrusions.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	45-49
12082148-1	2002	We recently reported the identification of EFA6 (exchange factor for ARF6), a brain-specific Sec7-domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor that works specifically on ARF6.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	43-47
12082148-1	2002	We recently reported the identification of EFA6 (exchange factor for ARF6), a brain-specific Sec7-domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor that works specifically on ARF6.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	49-73
12082148-1	2002	We recently reported the identification of EFA6 (exchange factor for ARF6), a brain-specific Sec7-domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor that works specifically on ARF6.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
12082148-1	2002	We recently reported the identification of EFA6 (exchange factor for ARF6), a brain-specific Sec7-domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor that works specifically on ARF6.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	69-73
12016210-2	2002	Here we show that expression of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 SopE2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to the activation of Fus3 and Kss1 MAPKs, which operate in the mating and filamentation pathways, causing filamentous growth in haploid yeast cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	75-80
12016210-2	2002	Here we show that expression of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 SopE2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to the activation of Fus3 and Kss1 MAPKs, which operate in the mating and filamentation pathways, causing filamentous growth in haploid yeast cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	mitogen-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase KSS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	151-155
11994295-1	2002	Exocytotic secretion is promoted by the concerted action of calcium, guanine nucleotide, and protein kinase C. We now show that the calcium-dependent membrane fusion activity of annexin 7 in vitro is further potentiated by the combined addition of guanine nucleotide and protein kinase C. The observed increment involves the simultaneous activation of annexin 7 by these two effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	annexin A7	Homo sapiens	178-187
11994295-1	2002	Exocytotic secretion is promoted by the concerted action of calcium, guanine nucleotide, and protein kinase C. We now show that the calcium-dependent membrane fusion activity of annexin 7 in vitro is further potentiated by the combined addition of guanine nucleotide and protein kinase C. The observed increment involves the simultaneous activation of annexin 7 by these two effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	248-266	annexin A7	Homo sapiens	178-187
11994295-1	2002	Exocytotic secretion is promoted by the concerted action of calcium, guanine nucleotide, and protein kinase C. We now show that the calcium-dependent membrane fusion activity of annexin 7 in vitro is further potentiated by the combined addition of guanine nucleotide and protein kinase C. The observed increment involves the simultaneous activation of annexin 7 by these two effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	248-266	annexin A7	Homo sapiens	352-361
11994295-6	2002	These results thus lead us to hypothesize that annexin 7 may serve as a common site of action for calcium, guanine nucleotide, and protein kinase C in the exocytotic membrane fusion process in chromaffin cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	annexin A7	Homo sapiens	47-56
12096337-5	2002	Within the context of full length Bcr, this activity is regulated by proximal flanking sequences that suppress the DH/PH domain encoded guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	34-37
12206508-2	2002	Pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP), a reagent that has been used to modify enzymes that bind phosphorylated substrates, was probed here as an affinity label for T. PLP inhibited the guanine nucleotide binding activity of T in a concentration dependent manner, and was covalently incorporated into the protein in the presence of [3H]NaBH4.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	24-27
12123608-3	2002	Here, we demonstrate that plexin-B family members associate through their C termini with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	133-143
12123608-3	2002	Here, we demonstrate that plexin-B family members associate through their C termini with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	148-152
12206508-2	2002	Pyridoxal 5"-phosphate (PLP), a reagent that has been used to modify enzymes that bind phosphorylated substrates, was probed here as an affinity label for T. PLP inhibited the guanine nucleotide binding activity of T in a concentration dependent manner, and was covalently incorporated into the protein in the presence of [3H]NaBH4.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	158-161
12052896-0	2002	Yeast Ysl2p, homologous to Sec7 domain guanine nucleotide exchange factors, functions in endocytosis and maintenance of vacuole integrity and interacts with the Arf-Like small GTPase Arl1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	Mon2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	6-11
12052896-0	2002	Yeast Ysl2p, homologous to Sec7 domain guanine nucleotide exchange factors, functions in endocytosis and maintenance of vacuole integrity and interacts with the Arf-Like small GTPase Arl1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	27-31
12052896-0	2002	Yeast Ysl2p, homologous to Sec7 domain guanine nucleotide exchange factors, functions in endocytosis and maintenance of vacuole integrity and interacts with the Arf-Like small GTPase Arl1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	Arf family GTPase ARL1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	183-188
12021195-4	2002	Similarly, cotransfection with a dominant-negative isoform of the type-2 cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Epac2) failed to alter the response to Ex-4.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Rattus norvegicus	124-129
12047556-3	2002	GBF1 is one of the guanine nucleotide-exchange factors for ADP-ribosylation factor and is localized in the Golgi region.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
12045183-0	2002	Ypt32 recruits the Sec4p guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Sec2p, to secretory vesicles; evidence for a Rab cascade in yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	Rab family GTPase YPT32	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
12045183-0	2002	Ypt32 recruits the Sec4p guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Sec2p, to secretory vesicles; evidence for a Rab cascade in yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	19-24
12045183-0	2002	Ypt32 recruits the Sec4p guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Sec2p, to secretory vesicles; evidence for a Rab cascade in yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	61-66
12099722-3	2002	METHODS AND RESULTS: (125)[I]-endothelin-1 binding assays conducted in the presence of a non-hydrolyzable guanine nucleotide to uncouple agonist binding demonstrated that membranes prepared from nonfailing left ventricles (LVs) exhibit a mixed pattern of ET(A) ( approximately 60%) and ET(B) ( approximately 40%) receptor protein expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	30-42
12051703-1	2002	BIG2 is one of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family of small GTPases, which regulate membrane association of COPI and AP-1 coat protein complexes and GGA proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
12006984-1	2002	Activation of Rho-family GTPases involves the removal of bound GDP and the subsequent loading of GTP, all catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) of the Dbl-family.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	169-172
11859076-1	2002	The Vav family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho family GTPases plays a critical role in lymphocyte proliferation, gene transcription, and cytoskeleton reorganization following immunoreceptor stimulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
12006660-6	2002	In addition, we describe the isolation of a spatially distant intragenic suppressor of a dominant lethal mutation in the guanine nucleotide-binding region of Arf1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	158-163
11961559-7	2002	SWAP-70 shows low homology with Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and catalyses PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange to Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	switching B cell complex subunit SWAP70	Homo sapiens	0-7
11967128-1	2002	Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) regulate both GDP/GTP and membrane association/dissociation cycles of Rho/Rac and Rab proteins.RhoGDI-3 is distinguishable from other rhoGDI proteins by its partial association with a detergent-resistant subcellular fraction.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	124-127
11967128-1	2002	Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) regulate both GDP/GTP and membrane association/dissociation cycles of Rho/Rac and Rab proteins.RhoGDI-3 is distinguishable from other rhoGDI proteins by its partial association with a detergent-resistant subcellular fraction.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor gamma	Homo sapiens	145-153
11967128-1	2002	Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) regulate both GDP/GTP and membrane association/dissociation cycles of Rho/Rac and Rab proteins.RhoGDI-3 is distinguishable from other rhoGDI proteins by its partial association with a detergent-resistant subcellular fraction.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor gamma	Homo sapiens	184-190
11961559-7	2002	SWAP-70 shows low homology with Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and catalyses PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange to Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
11961559-7	2002	SWAP-70 shows low homology with Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and catalyses PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange to Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	151-154
11961559-7	2002	SWAP-70 shows low homology with Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and catalyses PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange to Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	switching B cell complex subunit SWAP70	Homo sapiens	0-7
11961559-7	2002	SWAP-70 shows low homology with Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and catalyses PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange to Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
11961559-7	2002	SWAP-70 shows low homology with Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and catalyses PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange to Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	151-154
11948427-2	2002	We searched for novel guanine nucleotide exchange factors of HRas and isolated small G-protein dissociation stimulator (smgGDS), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor known to act on numerous Ras and Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	61-65
11799111-0	2002	Regulation of G protein-linked guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho, PDZ-RhoGEF, and LARG by tyrosine phosphorylation: evidence of a role for focal adhesion kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	76-86
11799111-0	2002	Regulation of G protein-linked guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho, PDZ-RhoGEF, and LARG by tyrosine phosphorylation: evidence of a role for focal adhesion kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	92-96
11799111-0	2002	Regulation of G protein-linked guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho, PDZ-RhoGEF, and LARG by tyrosine phosphorylation: evidence of a role for focal adhesion kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	149-170
11799111-1	2002	A recently identified family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho that includes PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF exhibits a unique structural feature consisting in the presence of area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	90-100
11799111-1	2002	A recently identified family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho that includes PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF exhibits a unique structural feature consisting in the presence of area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	102-106
11799111-1	2002	A recently identified family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho that includes PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF exhibits a unique structural feature consisting in the presence of area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	112-122
11799111-1	2002	A recently identified family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho that includes PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF exhibits a unique structural feature consisting in the presence of area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	212-245
11799111-1	2002	A recently identified family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho that includes PDZ-RhoGEF, LARG, and p115RhoGEF exhibits a unique structural feature consisting in the presence of area of similarity to regulators of G protein signaling (RGS).	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	247-250
11948427-2	2002	We searched for novel guanine nucleotide exchange factors of HRas and isolated small G-protein dissociation stimulator (smgGDS), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor known to act on numerous Ras and Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	120-126
11948427-2	2002	We searched for novel guanine nucleotide exchange factors of HRas and isolated small G-protein dissociation stimulator (smgGDS), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor known to act on numerous Ras and Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	120-126
11991733-4	2002	Furthermore, in contrast to ET(A)R, PLD stimulation by PAR1 was suppressed by overexpression of regulators of G protein signaling specific for G(12)-type G proteins and treatment with brefeldin A, an inhibitor of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	213-231	coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
11917103-1	2002	Vav3 is a member of the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors implicated in the regulation of Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
11927541-0	2002	A positive feedback loop stabilizes the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Cdc24 at sites of polarization.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	75-80
11888276-1	2002	Activation of small G proteins of the Arf family is initiated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors whose catalytic Sec7 domain stimulates the dissociation of the tightly bound GDP nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	117-121
14993354-3	2002	The GoLoco motif was recently identified as a selective Galpha-binding partner: the GoLoco-Galpha interaction can displace Gbetagamma and inhibit guanine nucleotide release from the bound Galpha subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	56-62
14993354-3	2002	The GoLoco motif was recently identified as a selective Galpha-binding partner: the GoLoco-Galpha interaction can displace Gbetagamma and inhibit guanine nucleotide release from the bound Galpha subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	91-97
14993354-3	2002	The GoLoco motif was recently identified as a selective Galpha-binding partner: the GoLoco-Galpha interaction can displace Gbetagamma and inhibit guanine nucleotide release from the bound Galpha subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	91-97
11923414-2	2002	In these processes, they play key roles as molecular switches that can trigger distinct signal transduction pathways, such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, the phosphoinositide-3 kinase pathway, and the Ral-guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	230-248	Ras-like protein A	Drosophila melanogaster	226-229
11909943-1	2002	Vav2, like all Dbl family proteins, possesses tandem Dbl homology (DH) and pleckstrin homology (PH) domains and functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
11909943-4	2002	We evaluated the contribution of the PH domain and the CRD to Vav2 guanine nucleotide exchange, signaling, and transforming activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	62-66
11879192-6	2002	We have examined a possible role for Ca(2+)/CaM in modulating both the binding of guanine nucleotides to Rab3A and the GTPase activity of Rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-101	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	105-110
11879192-8	2002	Ca(2+)/CaM-Rab3A complex that was formed in synaptic membranes was able to bind guanine nucleotides, whereas the Rab3A-GDI complex could not.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-99	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-16
11867708-0	2002	Structural basis for the guanine nucleotide-binding activity of tissue transglutaminase and its regulation of transamidation activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	64-87
11889035-6	2002	Consistently, cholesterol accumulation increases the amounts of membrane-associated Rab7, and inhibits Rab7 membrane extraction by the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	103-107
11889037-0	2002	A crystallographic view of interactions between Dbs and Cdc42: PH domain-assisted guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	56-61
11889037-2	2002	While it is known that the DH domain is the principal catalytic subunit, recent biochemical data indicate that for some Dbl-family proteins, such as Dbs and Trio, PH domains may cooperate with their associated DH domains in promoting guanine nucleotide exchange of Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	234-252	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	120-123
11889037-2	2002	While it is known that the DH domain is the principal catalytic subunit, recent biochemical data indicate that for some Dbl-family proteins, such as Dbs and Trio, PH domains may cooperate with their associated DH domains in promoting guanine nucleotide exchange of Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	234-252	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	157-161
11889037-3	2002	In order to gain an understanding of the involvement of these PH domains in guanine nucleotide exchange, we have determined the crystal structure of a DH/PH fragment from Dbs in complex with Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	191-196
11853534-7	2002	In contrast, co-expression of Mss4 or Rab3-GEP (guanine nucleotide exchange protein) increases by approx.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	30-34
11930158-2	2002	Hypocretin receptors are coupled to guanine nucleotide binding (G) proteins and the present study tested the hypothesis that hcrt-1 would activate G proteins in rat brainstem nuclei known to regulate arousal states.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	hypocretin neuropeptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	125-129
11853534-7	2002	In contrast, co-expression of Mss4 or Rab3-GEP (guanine nucleotide exchange protein) increases by approx.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	38-46
11813163-3	2002	Searching for molecules that couple TCR and CD28 to MEKK1, we found that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav synergized with CD28 stimulation in Jurkat cells to induce NF-kappaB transcriptional activity through the activation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	44-48
11875050-13	2002	IMPDH1 is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme, functioning as a homotetramer, which catalyzed the rate-limiting step in de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-156	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
11839814-2	2002	We have recently shown that ARFRP1 interacts with the Sec7 domain of the ARF-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec7-1/cytohesin and inhibits the ARF/Sec7-dependent activation of phospholipase D in a GTP-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	ADP-ribosylation factor related protein 1	Mus musculus	28-34
11911885-1	2002	The Dbl homology (DH) domain was first identified in the Dbl oncogene product as the limit region required for mediating guanine nucleotide exchange on the Rho family GTPase Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	4-7
11911885-1	2002	The Dbl homology (DH) domain was first identified in the Dbl oncogene product as the limit region required for mediating guanine nucleotide exchange on the Rho family GTPase Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	57-60
11911885-1	2002	The Dbl homology (DH) domain was first identified in the Dbl oncogene product as the limit region required for mediating guanine nucleotide exchange on the Rho family GTPase Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	174-179
11911885-3	2002	In each case, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain immediately follows the DH domain and this tandem DH-PH module is the signature motif of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	141-144
11911885-4	2002	Recent structural studies have provided significant insight into the molecular basis of guanine nucleotide exchange by Dbl family GEFs, opening the door for understanding the specificity of the DH/GTPase interaction as well as providing a starting point for understanding how the exchange activity of these proteins is modulated to achieve specific biological outcomes in the cell.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	119-122
11813163-3	2002	Searching for molecules that couple TCR and CD28 to MEKK1, we found that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav synergized with CD28 stimulation in Jurkat cells to induce NF-kappaB transcriptional activity through the activation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
11813163-3	2002	Searching for molecules that couple TCR and CD28 to MEKK1, we found that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav synergized with CD28 stimulation in Jurkat cells to induce NF-kappaB transcriptional activity through the activation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	112-115
11813163-3	2002	Searching for molecules that couple TCR and CD28 to MEKK1, we found that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav synergized with CD28 stimulation in Jurkat cells to induce NF-kappaB transcriptional activity through the activation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	175-184
11813163-3	2002	Searching for molecules that couple TCR and CD28 to MEKK1, we found that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav synergized with CD28 stimulation in Jurkat cells to induce NF-kappaB transcriptional activity through the activation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	component of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase complex	Homo sapiens	236-244
11813163-3	2002	Searching for molecules that couple TCR and CD28 to MEKK1, we found that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav synergized with CD28 stimulation in Jurkat cells to induce NF-kappaB transcriptional activity through the activation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	249-256
11779113-1	2002	It is extremely difficult to detect guanine nucleotide exchange or hydrolysis stimulated by receptors which couple to G(s)alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	118-127
11707441-2	2002	We previously identified a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rac1, STEF (SIF and Tiam 1-like exchange factor), which can induce ruffling membrane in KB cells and is predominantly expressed in the brain during development.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	65-69
11707441-2	2002	We previously identified a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rac1, STEF (SIF and Tiam 1-like exchange factor), which can induce ruffling membrane in KB cells and is predominantly expressed in the brain during development.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2	Mus musculus	71-75
11707441-2	2002	We previously identified a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rac1, STEF (SIF and Tiam 1-like exchange factor), which can induce ruffling membrane in KB cells and is predominantly expressed in the brain during development.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2	Mus musculus	77-112
11861769-6	2002	In vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays have shown that p63RhoGEF specifically acts on RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 25	Homo sapiens	60-69
11861769-6	2002	In vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays have shown that p63RhoGEF specifically acts on RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	91-95
11779113-9	2002	Enzyme kinetic analysis demonstrated that RGS1 increased both V(max) of the GTPase activity and the observed K(m) for GTP, consistent with RGS1 accelerating the rate of GTP hydrolysis of the chimeric G protein, whereas the agonist vasopressin accelerates guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	255-273	regulator of G protein signaling 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
11779113-9	2002	Enzyme kinetic analysis demonstrated that RGS1 increased both V(max) of the GTPase activity and the observed K(m) for GTP, consistent with RGS1 accelerating the rate of GTP hydrolysis of the chimeric G protein, whereas the agonist vasopressin accelerates guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	255-273	regulator of G protein signaling 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
11739107-3	2002	The A(2A) adenosine receptor (A(2A)-AR) is a member of the family of guanine nucleotide binding proteins and has become a focus of major interest primarily because of its ability to broadly inactivate the inflammatory cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	immunoglobulin kappa variable 2D-29	Homo sapiens	30-38
11856323-8	2002	Human Ras-GRF2 is expressed in a variety of tissues and, similar to other guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), displays anchorage independent growth in soft agar.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 2	Homo sapiens	6-14
11595749-0	2001	Trp(56) of rac1 specifies interaction with a subset of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	11-15
11716957-0	2002	In vitro, Vav is a regulated guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	10-13
11560919-7	2001	Overexpression of V-ATPase E in COS cells enhanced the ability of mSos1 to promote the guanine nucleotide exchange activity for Rac1 and stimulated the kinase activity of Jun kinase, a downstream target of Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	66-71
11560935-6	2001	Analysis of chimeras and individual amino acid exchanges between Sos1 and Ras-GRF1 revealed that the critical amino acids reside within an 11-amino acid segment of their catalytic domains between the second and third structurally conserved regions (amino acids (aa) 828-838 in Sos1 and 1057-1067 in Ras-GRF1) of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	316-334	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
11560935-6	2001	Analysis of chimeras and individual amino acid exchanges between Sos1 and Ras-GRF1 revealed that the critical amino acids reside within an 11-amino acid segment of their catalytic domains between the second and third structurally conserved regions (amino acids (aa) 828-838 in Sos1 and 1057-1067 in Ras-GRF1) of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	316-334	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	74-82
11560919-7	2001	Overexpression of V-ATPase E in COS cells enhanced the ability of mSos1 to promote the guanine nucleotide exchange activity for Rac1 and stimulated the kinase activity of Jun kinase, a downstream target of Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-132
11577097-1	2001	Normally, Rho GTPases are activated by the removal of bound GDP and the concomitant loading of GTP catalyzed by members of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	127-130
11726195-0	2001	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF2 by eIF2B: can it be both a substituted enzyme and a sequential mechanism?	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	44-48
11590143-4	2001	FHOS interacted with the polybasic domain in the Rac1 C terminus in a guanine nucleotide-independent manner but did not interact with RhoA, Cdc42Hs, Rac2, or Rac3.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	formin homology 2 domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11590143-4	2001	FHOS interacted with the polybasic domain in the Rac1 C terminus in a guanine nucleotide-independent manner but did not interact with RhoA, Cdc42Hs, Rac2, or Rac3.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
11726195-0	2001	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF2 by eIF2B: can it be both a substituted enzyme and a sequential mechanism?	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	52-57
11726195-1	2001	There are conflicting reports over the question of whether the displacement by GTP of GDP bound to eIF2 catalyzed by eIF2B follows a substituted enzyme mechanism, as is believed to be the case for other guanine nucleotide exchange factors, or is a sequential mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-103
11726195-1	2001	There are conflicting reports over the question of whether the displacement by GTP of GDP bound to eIF2 catalyzed by eIF2B follows a substituted enzyme mechanism, as is believed to be the case for other guanine nucleotide exchange factors, or is a sequential mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	117-122
11739605-9	2001	RGS14 is also a highly selective guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galphai but not Galphao, and this activity is restricted to the C-terminus containing the GoLoco domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	0-5
11739605-9	2001	RGS14 is also a highly selective guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galphai but not Galphao, and this activity is restricted to the C-terminus containing the GoLoco domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	85-92
11685227-0	2001	Molecular basis for Rac1 recognition by guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
11731582-10	2001	Inclusion of the hydrolysis-resistant guanine nucleotide GDP-beta-S in the patch solution significantly reduced the orexin A- or B-induced depolarizations.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	hypocretin neuropeptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	116-124
11745690-1	2001	The p21 proteins encoded by N-, Ki-, and H-ras are small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that act as switches in several signal transduction pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
11745690-1	2001	The p21 proteins encoded by N-, Ki-, and H-ras are small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that act as switches in several signal transduction pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	41-46
11738596-1	2001	The Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors are multifunctional molecules that transduce diverse intracellular signals leading to the activation of Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	4-7
11707417-5	2001	Gcd1p forms part of the eIF2B guanine nucleotide complex that is responsible for recycling eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit gamma	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
11546812-2	2001	We now demonstrate that a longer transcript of the Lbc gene encodes a chimeric molecule, which we have called AKAP-Lbc, that functions as an A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) and a Rho-selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	195-213	A-kinase anchoring protein 13	Homo sapiens	110-118
11546812-2	2001	We now demonstrate that a longer transcript of the Lbc gene encodes a chimeric molecule, which we have called AKAP-Lbc, that functions as an A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) and a Rho-selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	195-213	A-kinase anchoring protein 13	Homo sapiens	110-114
11535617-5	2001	Nup60p also binds Gsp1p-GTP and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Prp20p, and functions as a Gsp1p guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor by reducing the activity of Prp20p.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	FG-nucleoporin NUP60	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-6
11746373-1	2001	Agonist- and guanine-nucleotide-stimulated phospholipase C-beta (PLC) activity was characterized in crude plasma membrane preparations from cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of Ts65Dn mice, a model for Down syndrome, and their control littermates.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	reciprocal translocation, Chr 16, cytogenetic band C3-4; and Chr 17, cytogenetic band A2, Davisson 65	Mus musculus	187-193
11746373-9	2001	We conclude that the cerebellum of Ts65Dn mice has severe deficiencies in PLC activity stimulated by guanine nucleotides, which are specifically related to a lower level of expression of the PLC-beta4 isoform, a fact that may account for the neurological phenotype observed in this murine model of Down syndrome.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-120	reciprocal translocation, Chr 16, cytogenetic band C3-4; and Chr 17, cytogenetic band A2, Davisson 65	Mus musculus	35-41
11728333-2	2001	Previously, the guanine nucleotide binding protein Rac-1 has been shown to control pre-T cell development.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	51-56
11595190-2	2001	Free RF3 is in vivo stably bound to GDP, and ribosomes in complex with RF1 or RF2 act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	mitochondrial translation release factor 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
11503142-0	2001	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors CalDAG-GEFI and CalDAG-GEFII are colocalized in striatal projection neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	36-47
11503142-0	2001	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors CalDAG-GEFI and CalDAG-GEFII are colocalized in striatal projection neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	52-64
11503142-1	2001	CalDAG-GEFI and CalDAG-GEFII (identical to RasGRP) are novel, brain-enriched guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that can be stimulated by calcium and diacylglycerol and that can activate small GTPases, including Ras and Rap1, molecules increasingly recognized as having signaling functions in neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
11503142-1	2001	CalDAG-GEFI and CalDAG-GEFII (identical to RasGRP) are novel, brain-enriched guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that can be stimulated by calcium and diacylglycerol and that can activate small GTPases, including Ras and Rap1, molecules increasingly recognized as having signaling functions in neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	16-28
11503142-1	2001	CalDAG-GEFI and CalDAG-GEFII (identical to RasGRP) are novel, brain-enriched guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that can be stimulated by calcium and diacylglycerol and that can activate small GTPases, including Ras and Rap1, molecules increasingly recognized as having signaling functions in neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	43-49
11503142-1	2001	CalDAG-GEFI and CalDAG-GEFII (identical to RasGRP) are novel, brain-enriched guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that can be stimulated by calcium and diacylglycerol and that can activate small GTPases, including Ras and Rap1, molecules increasingly recognized as having signaling functions in neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	228-232
11581313-1	2001	Loss of function of the guanine nucleotide binding protein RhoA blocks pre-T cell differentiation and survival indicating that this GTPase is a critical signaling molecule during early thymocyte development.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	59-63
11607838-3	2001	In the case of the first SH3 domains [SH3(1)] a P-x-x-P-x-K motif is crucial for highly selective binding, while the SH2 domains prefer motifs which conform to the consensus pY-x-x-P. Crk family proteins are involved in the relocalization and activation of several different effector proteins which include guanine nucleotide releasing proteins like C3G, protein kinases of the Abl- and GCK-families and small GTPases like Rap1 and Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	307-325	CRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	184-187
11524436-2	2001	This is achieved through the formation of a tricomplex consisting of Eps8-E3b1-Sos-1, which is endowed with Rac guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8	Homo sapiens	69-73
11524436-2	2001	This is achieved through the formation of a tricomplex consisting of Eps8-E3b1-Sos-1, which is endowed with Rac guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	abl interactor 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
11524436-2	2001	This is achieved through the formation of a tricomplex consisting of Eps8-E3b1-Sos-1, which is endowed with Rac guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	79-84
11524436-2	2001	This is achieved through the formation of a tricomplex consisting of Eps8-E3b1-Sos-1, which is endowed with Rac guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
11524436-3	2001	The catalytic subunit of this complex is represented by Sos-1, a bifunctional molecule capable of catalyzing guanine nucleotide exchange on Ras and Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
11524436-3	2001	The catalytic subunit of this complex is represented by Sos-1, a bifunctional molecule capable of catalyzing guanine nucleotide exchange on Ras and Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	148-151
11524436-7	2001	In addition, it binds to Sos-1 and is able to induce Rac-specific, Sos-1-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
11524436-7	2001	In addition, it binds to Sos-1 and is able to induce Rac-specific, Sos-1-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
11524436-7	2001	In addition, it binds to Sos-1 and is able to induce Rac-specific, Sos-1-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
11535617-5	2001	Nup60p also binds Gsp1p-GTP and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Prp20p, and functions as a Gsp1p guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor by reducing the activity of Prp20p.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	71-77
11535617-5	2001	Nup60p also binds Gsp1p-GTP and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Prp20p, and functions as a Gsp1p guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor by reducing the activity of Prp20p.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	FG-nucleoporin NUP60	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-6
11535617-5	2001	Nup60p also binds Gsp1p-GTP and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Prp20p, and functions as a Gsp1p guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor by reducing the activity of Prp20p.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	174-180
11486034-2	2001	Ras proteins can activate at least three downstream signaling cascades mediated by the Raf-MEK-extracellular signal-regulated kinase family, phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI3) kinase, and Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	195-213	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	182-185
11489990-8	2001	Western blotting identified Rap1, a downstream target of the cAMP-binding proteins, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP/cAMP-guanine nucleotide exchange factors 1 and 2, in PBMC.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
11485305-0	2001	Allosteric regulation of CCR5 by guanine nucleotides and HIV-1 envelope.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-52	C-C motif chemokine receptor 5	Homo sapiens	25-29
11485305-4	2001	Macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta) binding to CCR5 was potently and specifically inhibited by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-128	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	0-37
11485305-4	2001	Macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta) binding to CCR5 was potently and specifically inhibited by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-128	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	39-48
11485305-4	2001	Macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta) binding to CCR5 was potently and specifically inhibited by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-128	C-C motif chemokine receptor 5	Homo sapiens	61-65
11473261-0	2001	Structure of TCTP reveals unexpected relationship with guanine nucleotide-free chaperones.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
11387333-0	2001	RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	regulator of G protein signaling 12	Homo sapiens	0-5
11387333-0	2001	RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	10-15
11473261-3	2001	We show that TCTPs form a structural superfamily with the Mss4/Dss4 family of proteins, which bind to the GDP/GTP free form of Rab proteins (members of the Ras superfamily) and have been termed guanine nucleotide-free chaperones (GFCs).	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	58-62
11473261-3	2001	We show that TCTPs form a structural superfamily with the Mss4/Dss4 family of proteins, which bind to the GDP/GTP free form of Rab proteins (members of the Ras superfamily) and have been termed guanine nucleotide-free chaperones (GFCs).	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	127-130
11489211-4	2001	CHM/REP family members are evolutionarily related to members of the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) family, proteins involved in the recycling of Rab proteins required for vesicular membrane trafficking through the exocytic and endocytic pathways, forming the GDI/CHM superfamily.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	CHM Rab escort protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
11489211-4	2001	CHM/REP family members are evolutionarily related to members of the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) family, proteins involved in the recycling of Rab proteins required for vesicular membrane trafficking through the exocytic and endocytic pathways, forming the GDI/CHM superfamily.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	CHM Rab escort protein	Homo sapiens	280-283
11422940-4	2001	mSec12 promotes efficient guanine nucleotide exchange on Sar1, but not Arf1 or Rab GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	57-61
11447270-8	2001	That the mutant transgene further diminished the residual bitter and sweet taste responsiveness of the alpha-gustducin-null mice suggests that other guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins expressed in the alpha-gustducin lineage of taste cells mediate these responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 3	Mus musculus	103-118
11447270-8	2001	That the mutant transgene further diminished the residual bitter and sweet taste responsiveness of the alpha-gustducin-null mice suggests that other guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins expressed in the alpha-gustducin lineage of taste cells mediate these responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 3	Mus musculus	213-228
11342560-0	2001	Specificities for the small G proteins ARF1 and ARF6 of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors ARNO and EFA6.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
11342560-0	2001	Specificities for the small G proteins ARF1 and ARF6 of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors ARNO and EFA6.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	48-52
11342560-0	2001	Specificities for the small G proteins ARF1 and ARF6 of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors ARNO and EFA6.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	96-100
11342560-0	2001	Specificities for the small G proteins ARF1 and ARF6 of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors ARNO and EFA6.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	105-109
11401849-1	2001	We characterized the role of guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) in RhoA/Rho-kinase-mediated Ca2+ sensitization of smooth muscle.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	80-84
11703925-0	2001	Ras-activated endocytosis is mediated by the Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RIN1.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	45-49
11703925-0	2001	Ras-activated endocytosis is mediated by the Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RIN1.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Ras and Rab interactor 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
11703925-2	2001	RIN1 also contains a region homologous to the catalytic domain of Vps9p-like Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Ras and Rab interactor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11703925-4	2001	RIN1 is also shown to stimulate Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange, Rab5A-dependent endosome fusion, and EGF receptor-mediated endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	Ras and Rab interactor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11703925-4	2001	RIN1 is also shown to stimulate Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange, Rab5A-dependent endosome fusion, and EGF receptor-mediated endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	32-36
11470914-4	2001	The expression of Vav (Delta1-187), a constitutively active guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho GTPases, or activated forms of Ras or Rho family members, leads to STAT3-specific activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
11470914-4	2001	The expression of Vav (Delta1-187), a constitutively active guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho GTPases, or activated forms of Ras or Rho family members, leads to STAT3-specific activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	174-179
11470431-1	2001	BACKGROUND: The multidomain PDZ-RhoGEF is one of many known guanine nucleotide exchange factors that upregulate Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	28-38
11292826-8	2001	In contrast, although the structures of the Ras-binding domains are similar, the thermodynamics of the Ras/Raf and Ras/Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator interactions are quite different.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	119-122
11279243-4	2001	Overexpression of a GFP-ARF1 fusion protein did not affect the morphological changes induced by CT, but changes were reduced in cells overexpressing guanine nucleotide exchange-defective ARF1(T31N) or GTP hydrolysis-deficient ARF1(Q71L) mutants.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Cricetulus griseus	20-28
11448776-3	2001	A role for intracellular Ca(2+) in the activation of Ras has been previously demonstrated, e.g., via the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase PYK2 and by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) such as Ras-GRF; however, there is no Ca(2+)-dependent mechanism for direct inactivation.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	152-162
11279243-4	2001	Overexpression of a GFP-ARF1 fusion protein did not affect the morphological changes induced by CT, but changes were reduced in cells overexpressing guanine nucleotide exchange-defective ARF1(T31N) or GTP hydrolysis-deficient ARF1(Q71L) mutants.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Cricetulus griseus	24-28
11262396-1	2001	Vav1 and Vav2 are members of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rho family of small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11262396-1	2001	Vav1 and Vav2 are members of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rho family of small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
11278352-1	2001	AGS3, a 650-amino acid protein encoded by an approximately 4-kilobase (kb) mRNA enriched in rat brain, is a Galpha(i)/Galpha(t)-binding protein that competes with Gbetagamma for interaction with Galpha(GDP) and acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for heterotrimeric G-proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	221-239	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
11406571-14	2001	However, for a precise elucidation of the role of the N-Ras(A18T) mutant in melanoma, additional studies aimed to measure the affinity to guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins are needed.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	54-59
11331068-1	2001	The standard model of signal transduction from G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) involves guanine nucleotide cycling by a heterotrimeric G-protein assembly composed of Galpha, Gbeta, and Ggamma subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	170-176
11331068-1	2001	The standard model of signal transduction from G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) involves guanine nucleotide cycling by a heterotrimeric G-protein assembly composed of Galpha, Gbeta, and Ggamma subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	178-183
11340168-10	2001	Finally, we provide mechanisms for the activation of these pathways, namely, the direct in vivo interaction of TC21 with guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ral, resulting in their translocation to the plasma membrane, and the direct interaction of TC21 with PI-3K.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	RAS related 2	Homo sapiens	111-115
11340168-10	2001	Finally, we provide mechanisms for the activation of these pathways, namely, the direct in vivo interaction of TC21 with guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ral, resulting in their translocation to the plasma membrane, and the direct interaction of TC21 with PI-3K.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	161-164
11344266-2	2001	One proposal is that the receptor uses the G protein"s betagamma heterodimer as a lever, tilting it to pull open the guanine nucleotide binding pocket of Galpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	154-160
11320245-7	2001	Some aptamers inhibit guanine-nucleotide exchange on ARF1, thereby preventing ARF activation in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
11278678-6	2001	These results suggest that D57N Rac2 may act in a dominant negative fashion in cells by sequestering endogenous guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
11278749-6	2001	Additional experiments with Rab8b mutants demonstrated that Rab8b requires a guanine nucleotide but not prenylation for its interaction with TRIP8b.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAB8B, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	60-65
11278749-6	2001	Additional experiments with Rab8b mutants demonstrated that Rab8b requires a guanine nucleotide but not prenylation for its interaction with TRIP8b.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	peroxisomal biogenesis factor 5-like	Mus musculus	141-147
11336706-3	2001	Focus formation, stress fiber dissolution, and activation of the ERK-1/2 MAP kinase signal cascade were reverted by the cytohesin-1 E157K mutant, which is deficient in catalyzing guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	65-72
11283245-0	2001	Regulation of Ras signaling specificity by protein kinase C. Ras proteins have the capacity to bind to and activate at least three families of downstream target proteins: Raf kinases, phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI 3)-kinase, and Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral-GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	171-174
11283245-0	2001	Regulation of Ras signaling specificity by protein kinase C. Ras proteins have the capacity to bind to and activate at least three families of downstream target proteins: Raf kinases, phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI 3)-kinase, and Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral-GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	226-229
11336673-2	2001	We report the cloning and characterization of ephexin, a novel Eph receptor-interacting protein that is a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	neuronal guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	46-53
11336674-0	2001	Structural basis for guanine nucleotide exchange on Ran by the regulator of chromosome condensation (RCC1).	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	52-55
11336674-0	2001	Structural basis for guanine nucleotide exchange on Ran by the regulator of chromosome condensation (RCC1).	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
11337747-0	2001	Characterization of ARHGEF6, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases and a candidate gene for X-linked mental retardation: mutation screening in Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome and MRX27.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	20-27
11294905-1	2001	The activation of the small ras-like GTPase Arf1p requires the action of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	44-49
11294905-2	2001	Four Arf1p guanine nucleotide exchange factors have been identified in yeast: Sec7p, Syt1p, Gea1p, and its homologue Gea2p.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	5-10
11294905-2	2001	Four Arf1p guanine nucleotide exchange factors have been identified in yeast: Sec7p, Syt1p, Gea1p, and its homologue Gea2p.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-83
11336706-3	2001	Focus formation, stress fiber dissolution, and activation of the ERK-1/2 MAP kinase signal cascade were reverted by the cytohesin-1 E157K mutant, which is deficient in catalyzing guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	120-131
11294905-2	2001	Four Arf1p guanine nucleotide exchange factors have been identified in yeast: Sec7p, Syt1p, Gea1p, and its homologue Gea2p.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SYT1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	85-90
11294905-2	2001	Four Arf1p guanine nucleotide exchange factors have been identified in yeast: Sec7p, Syt1p, Gea1p, and its homologue Gea2p.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	92-97
11294905-2	2001	Four Arf1p guanine nucleotide exchange factors have been identified in yeast: Sec7p, Syt1p, Gea1p, and its homologue Gea2p.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEA2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	117-122
11401507-6	2001	Binding of importin beta1 to PTHrP is reduced in the presence of the GTP-bound but not GDP-bound form of the guanine nucleotide binding protein Ran, consistent with the idea that RanGTP binding to importin beta is involved in the release of PTHrP into the nucleus following translocation across the nuclear envelope.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	parathyroid hormone like hormone	Homo sapiens	29-34
11226470-2	2001	The conversion of Arf-GDP to Arf-GTP is promoted in vivo by guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as ARNO or cytohesin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	104-108
11134022-8	2001	Furthermore, the oligomer-to-monomer transition of Rac1-GDP could be driven effectively by interaction with the Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
11248257-3	2001	DAP3 has motifs characteristic of guanine nucleotide binding proteins and is probably the protein that accounts for the nucleotide binding activity of mammalian mitochondrial ribosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	death associated protein 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
11240978-7	2001	The activities of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, which are responsible for guanine nucleotide formation, were measured in RBCs by radiochemical methods.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	58-104
11226470-2	2001	The conversion of Arf-GDP to Arf-GTP is promoted in vivo by guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as ARNO or cytohesin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	112-123
11238945-1	2001	Ras is a small GTPase that is activated by upstream guanine nucleotide exchange factors, one of which is Ras-GRF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 2	Homo sapiens	105-113
11266127-1	2001	BetaPix, a Pak-interacting guanine nucleotide exchange factor is known to be involved in the regulation of Cdc42/Rac GTPases and Pak kinase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF7)	Mus musculus	0-7
11266127-1	2001	BetaPix, a Pak-interacting guanine nucleotide exchange factor is known to be involved in the regulation of Cdc42/Rac GTPases and Pak kinase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	107-112
11162626-4	2001	Binding of gp120 to CXCR4 was neither regulated by guanine nucleotides, nor affected by divalent cations, was temperature independent and bound to a homogenous population of CXCR4, which is characteristic for an antagonist to a G-protein coupled receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-70	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	11-16
11096073-7	2001	A number of different functions have been ascribed to PAKs; and PAKs can bind directly to growth factor signaling-adaptor molecule, Nck, and a guanine nucleotide exchanger, betaPIX.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	173-180
11060303-7	2001	D. melanogaster eIF2Balpha confers regulation of eIF2B function in yeast, while eIF2Bepsilon shows guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Drosophila melanogaster	80-92
11060289-2	2001	To identify novel components that affect the ER transcriptional response, we performed a genetic screen in yeast and identified RDI1, a Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (Rho GDI), as a positive regulator of ER transactivation.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	Rdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	128-132
11060289-2	2001	To identify novel components that affect the ER transcriptional response, we performed a genetic screen in yeast and identified RDI1, a Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (Rho GDI), as a positive regulator of ER transactivation.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	183-190
11063739-8	2001	These results suggest that 1) Rab4 interacts with syntaxin 4 in a direct and specific manner, and 2) the interaction is regulated by the guanine nucleotide status of Rab4 as well as by the conformational status of syntaxin 4.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	30-34
11063739-8	2001	These results suggest that 1) Rab4 interacts with syntaxin 4 in a direct and specific manner, and 2) the interaction is regulated by the guanine nucleotide status of Rab4 as well as by the conformational status of syntaxin 4.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	syntaxin 4	Rattus norvegicus	50-60
11063739-8	2001	These results suggest that 1) Rab4 interacts with syntaxin 4 in a direct and specific manner, and 2) the interaction is regulated by the guanine nucleotide status of Rab4 as well as by the conformational status of syntaxin 4.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	166-170
11162626-4	2001	Binding of gp120 to CXCR4 was neither regulated by guanine nucleotides, nor affected by divalent cations, was temperature independent and bound to a homogenous population of CXCR4, which is characteristic for an antagonist to a G-protein coupled receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-70	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	20-25
11162626-5	2001	In contrast, SDF-1alpha binds to two affinity states of CXCR4 in T-cell membranes, which are modulated by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-125	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	56-61
11171300-2	2001	Light-activated rhodopsin stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on the Gq class of G-protein, which activates phospholipase C to hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	16-25
11257458-2	2001	In the present study, we show that PTH [1-34]-dependent IP(3) release in young rats was blocked to a great extent by an antibody against guanine nucleotide binding protein Galphaq/11, indicating that the hormone activates a beta isoform of PLC coupled to the alpha subunit of Gq/11.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	35-38
11158304-1	2001	Small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho (Rac, Cdc42, and Rho) families have been implicated in cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and this may involve the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and/or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
11158328-7	2001	The identification of novel cAMP-binding proteins that exhibit guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity (cAMP-GEFS; Epacs) has open new doors for cAMP action that include activation of small GTPases such as Rap1a, Rap2, and possibly Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	92-95
11158304-1	2001	Small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho (Rac, Cdc42, and Rho) families have been implicated in cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and this may involve the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and/or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	67-72
11158328-7	2001	The identification of novel cAMP-binding proteins that exhibit guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity (cAMP-GEFS; Epacs) has open new doors for cAMP action that include activation of small GTPases such as Rap1a, Rap2, and possibly Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	209-214
11158304-1	2001	Small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho (Rac, Cdc42, and Rho) families have been implicated in cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and this may involve the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and/or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	170-205
11158328-7	2001	The identification of novel cAMP-binding proteins that exhibit guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity (cAMP-GEFS; Epacs) has open new doors for cAMP action that include activation of small GTPases such as Rap1a, Rap2, and possibly Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	216-220
11158304-1	2001	Small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho (Rac, Cdc42, and Rho) families have been implicated in cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and this may involve the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and/or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	207-210
11158304-1	2001	Small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho (Rac, Cdc42, and Rho) families have been implicated in cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and this may involve the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and/or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	213-236
11158304-1	2001	Small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho (Rac, Cdc42, and Rho) families have been implicated in cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and this may involve the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and/or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	238-241
11158304-1	2001	Small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho (Rac, Cdc42, and Rho) families have been implicated in cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and this may involve the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and/or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	251-287
11235208-3	2001	In 293T cells, Rap2 was regulated by the same set of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) as those which regulated Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	15-19
11313946-2	2001	This Ras pathway modulator (RPM), also termed RGL3, exhibited Ras-binding and catalytic domains typical of the RalGDS-family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and was most similar to Rlf (RalGDS-like factor), but was distinguished by a unique proline-rich region with multiple candidate SH3-domain binding sites.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 3	Homo sapiens	46-50
11113201-0	2001	Wsc1 and Mid2 are cell surface sensors for cell wall integrity signaling that act through Rom2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho1.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	Mid2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	9-13
11210546-0	2001	Functional analysis of ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) guanine nucleotide exchange factors Gea1p and Gea2p in yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	89-94
11210546-0	2001	Functional analysis of ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) guanine nucleotide exchange factors Gea1p and Gea2p in yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEA2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	99-104
11113201-0	2001	Wsc1 and Mid2 are cell surface sensors for cell wall integrity signaling that act through Rom2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho1.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	Slg1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
11113201-0	2001	Wsc1 and Mid2 are cell surface sensors for cell wall integrity signaling that act through Rom2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho1.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	90-94
11113201-0	2001	Wsc1 and Mid2 are cell surface sensors for cell wall integrity signaling that act through Rom2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho1.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-141
11134331-1	2001	The dbl oncogene product (onco-Dbl) is the prototype member of a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	4-7
11134331-1	2001	The dbl oncogene product (onco-Dbl) is the prototype member of a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	31-34
11680691-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate stage- and hormone-dependent expression of chondrocyte-derived ezrin-like domain containing protein (CDEP), a putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho in chondrocytes, and demonstrate the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of this protein in vitro, as well as the transforming activity in NIH3T3 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-192	FERM, RhoGEF (Arhgef) and pleckstrin domain protein 1 (chondrocyte-derived)	Mus musculus	156-160
11680691-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate stage- and hormone-dependent expression of chondrocyte-derived ezrin-like domain containing protein (CDEP), a putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho in chondrocytes, and demonstrate the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of this protein in vitro, as well as the transforming activity in NIH3T3 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-192	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	210-213
11680691-3	2001	The guanine nucleotide exchange activity was determined using a recombinant CDEP peptide containing the DH and PH domains in Sf9 cell lysates.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	FERM, RhoGEF (Arhgef) and pleckstrin domain protein 1 (chondrocyte-derived)	Mus musculus	76-80
10998360-2	2000	Moreover, Rac1 can be activated by several guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which facilitate the release of GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	10-14
11024022-3	2000	To elucidate the potential mechanisms of regulation of G protein signaling by proteins containing GPR motifs, we examined the effects of the AGS3 GPR domain on the kinetics of guanine nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis by G(i)alpha(1) and transducin-alpha (G(t)alpha).	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	Pho80p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	141-145
11130063-0	2000	Crystal structure of Rac1 in complex with the guanine nucleotide exchange region of Tiam1.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
11130063-0	2000	Crystal structure of Rac1 in complex with the guanine nucleotide exchange region of Tiam1.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	84-89
11130063-1	2000	The principal guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho family G proteins contain tandem Dbl-homology (DH) and pleckstrin-homology (PH) domains that catalyse nucleotide exchange and the activation of G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	91-94
11130063-3	2000	The two switch regions of Rac1 are stabilized in conformations that disrupt both magnesium binding and guanine nucleotide interaction.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
11130063-6	2000	The Tiam1/Rac1 structure highlights the interactions that catalyse nucleotide exchange on Rho family G proteins, and illustrates structural determinants dictating specificity between individual Rho family members and their associated Dbl-related guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	246-264	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
11130063-6	2000	The Tiam1/Rac1 structure highlights the interactions that catalyse nucleotide exchange on Rho family G proteins, and illustrates structural determinants dictating specificity between individual Rho family members and their associated Dbl-related guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	246-264	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
11130063-6	2000	The Tiam1/Rac1 structure highlights the interactions that catalyse nucleotide exchange on Rho family G proteins, and illustrates structural determinants dictating specificity between individual Rho family members and their associated Dbl-related guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	246-264	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	234-237
11056004-14	2000	Colocalization of Rab3D and REP-2 on acinar cell membranes suggests that REP-2 plays a role in delivering Rab3D to parotid membranes and may regulate guanine nucleotide binding to membrane-associated Rab3D.	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	RAB3D, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
11195784-1	2000	The beta-adrenoceptor (beta-AR) mediated signal transduction pathway in cardiomyocytes is known to involve beta1- and beta2-ARs, stimulatory (Gs) and inhibitory (Gi) guanine nucleotide binding proteins, adenylyl cyclase (AC) and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	adrenergic receptor, beta 1	Mus musculus	4-21
11195784-1	2000	The beta-adrenoceptor (beta-AR) mediated signal transduction pathway in cardiomyocytes is known to involve beta1- and beta2-ARs, stimulatory (Gs) and inhibitory (Gi) guanine nucleotide binding proteins, adenylyl cyclase (AC) and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	adrenergic receptor, beta 1	Mus musculus	23-30
11027278-1	2000	Ral GTPases have been implicated as mediators of Ras-induced signal transduction from observations that Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors associate with Ras and are activated by Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
11027278-1	2000	Ral GTPases have been implicated as mediators of Ras-induced signal transduction from observations that Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors associate with Ras and are activated by Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	104-107
11041858-0	2000	Phosphorylation of serine 51 in initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2 alpha) promotes complex formation between eIF2 alpha(P) and eIF2B and causes inhibition in the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	59-69
11041858-0	2000	Phosphorylation of serine 51 in initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2 alpha) promotes complex formation between eIF2 alpha(P) and eIF2B and causes inhibition in the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	106-116
11041858-1	2000	Phosphorylation of serine 51 residue on the alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha) inhibits the guanine nucleotide exchange (GNE) activity of eIF2B, presumably, by forming a tight complex with eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	93-102
11038176-0	2000	TRAPP stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Ypt1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	48-53
10998360-5	2000	Both PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and PtdIns(3,4)P(2) enhanced Tiam1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity in vitro, but PtdIns(4,5)P(2) had no effect.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	52-57
11003655-4	2000	We have identified the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Sos1 and Sos2 as novel binding partners of Abi-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
11003655-4	2000	We have identified the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Sos1 and Sos2 as novel binding partners of Abi-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-72
11003655-4	2000	We have identified the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Sos1 and Sos2 as novel binding partners of Abi-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	abl interactor 1	Homo sapiens	102-107
11029752-12	2000	Retention of adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation factor (ARF) in permeabilized cells and insensitivity of the cytosolic reconstituting activity to brefeldin A led to our speculation that ARF6 may be the GTPase involved in GTP-dependent secretion, and that activity from a BFA-insensitive ARF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor reconstitutes secretion.	Guanine Nucleotides	292-310	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Bos taurus	186-190
11017088-0	2000	Mutations in ARHGEF6, encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases, in patients with X-linked mental retardation.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	13-20
11017088-4	2000	Here we report the identification of a new MRX gene, ARHGEF6 (also known as alphaPIX or Cool-2), encoding a protein with homology to guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases (Rho GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 3	Homo sapiens	43-46
11017088-4	2000	Here we report the identification of a new MRX gene, ARHGEF6 (also known as alphaPIX or Cool-2), encoding a protein with homology to guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases (Rho GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	53-60
11017088-4	2000	Here we report the identification of a new MRX gene, ARHGEF6 (also known as alphaPIX or Cool-2), encoding a protein with homology to guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases (Rho GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	76-84
11017088-4	2000	Here we report the identification of a new MRX gene, ARHGEF6 (also known as alphaPIX or Cool-2), encoding a protein with homology to guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases (Rho GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	88-94
10882715-0	2000	Stimulation of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ras-GRF1/CDC25(Mm) upon tyrosine phosphorylation by the Cdc42-regulated kinase ACK1.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	59-67
10882715-0	2000	Stimulation of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ras-GRF1/CDC25(Mm) upon tyrosine phosphorylation by the Cdc42-regulated kinase ACK1.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	68-73
10882715-0	2000	Stimulation of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ras-GRF1/CDC25(Mm) upon tyrosine phosphorylation by the Cdc42-regulated kinase ACK1.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	115-120
10882715-0	2000	Stimulation of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ras-GRF1/CDC25(Mm) upon tyrosine phosphorylation by the Cdc42-regulated kinase ACK1.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	tyrosine kinase non receptor 2	Homo sapiens	138-142
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	140-144
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	152-157
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	159-164
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	170-175
11008983-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: The polymorphism 825C-->T in exon 10 of the gene GNB3 encoding the beta3 subunit of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins) results in a splicing variant (GNB3-s) in which the nucleotides 498-620 of exon 9 are deleted.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	G protein subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	63-67
10990452-5	2000	The Ric1p-Rgp1p complex binds Ypt6p in a nucleotide-dependent manner, and purified Ric1p-Rgp1 stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Ypt6p in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	RIC1 homolog, RAB6A GEF complex partner 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
10990452-5	2000	The Ric1p-Rgp1p complex binds Ypt6p in a nucleotide-dependent manner, and purified Ric1p-Rgp1 stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Ypt6p in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	RGP1 homolog, RAB6A GEF complex partner 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
10990452-5	2000	The Ric1p-Rgp1p complex binds Ypt6p in a nucleotide-dependent manner, and purified Ric1p-Rgp1 stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Ypt6p in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	RIC1 homolog, RAB6A GEF complex partner 1	Homo sapiens	83-88
10990452-5	2000	The Ric1p-Rgp1p complex binds Ypt6p in a nucleotide-dependent manner, and purified Ric1p-Rgp1 stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Ypt6p in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	RGP1 homolog, RAB6A GEF complex partner 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
10896938-1	2000	We previously identified a novel murine protein, AND-34, with a carboxyl-terminal domain homologous to Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which bound to the focal adhesion docking protein p130(Cas).	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 3	Mus musculus	49-55
10896938-1	2000	We previously identified a novel murine protein, AND-34, with a carboxyl-terminal domain homologous to Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which bound to the focal adhesion docking protein p130(Cas).	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	208-212
11008983-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: The polymorphism 825C-->T in exon 10 of the gene GNB3 encoding the beta3 subunit of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins) results in a splicing variant (GNB3-s) in which the nucleotides 498-620 of exon 9 are deleted.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	G protein subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	204-208
10869344-4	2000	We identified the C-terminal Rit/Ras interaction domain of a protein we have designated RGL3 (Ral GEF-like 3) that shares 35% sequence identity with the known Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	Ras like without CAAX 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
10938118-1	2000	The mammalian sos1 and sos2 genes encode highly homologous members of the Son-of-sevenless family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
10938118-1	2000	The mammalian sos1 and sos2 genes encode highly homologous members of the Son-of-sevenless family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	23-27
10938113-1	2000	Vav proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho family GTPases which activate pathways leading to actin cytoskeletal rearrangements and transcriptional alterations.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10869344-4	2000	We identified the C-terminal Rit/Ras interaction domain of a protein we have designated RGL3 (Ral GEF-like 3) that shares 35% sequence identity with the known Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 3	Homo sapiens	88-92
10869344-4	2000	We identified the C-terminal Rit/Ras interaction domain of a protein we have designated RGL3 (Ral GEF-like 3) that shares 35% sequence identity with the known Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 3	Homo sapiens	94-108
10869344-4	2000	We identified the C-terminal Rit/Ras interaction domain of a protein we have designated RGL3 (Ral GEF-like 3) that shares 35% sequence identity with the known Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	94-97
10869344-6	2000	Importantly, RGL3 exhibited guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward the small GTPase Ral that was stimulated in vivo by the expression of either activated Rit or Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 3	Homo sapiens	13-17
10869344-6	2000	Importantly, RGL3 exhibited guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward the small GTPase Ral that was stimulated in vivo by the expression of either activated Rit or Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	89-92
10835422-2	2000	Tiam1 is a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
11045624-0	2000	Interaction of mammalian mitochondrial elongation factor EF-Tu with guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-87	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
11045624-2	2000	During the elongation cycle, EF-Tu interacts with guanine nucleotides, aa-tRNA and its nucleotide exchange factor (EF-Ts).	Guanine Nucleotides	50-69	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
11045624-2	2000	During the elongation cycle, EF-Tu interacts with guanine nucleotides, aa-tRNA and its nucleotide exchange factor (EF-Ts).	Guanine Nucleotides	50-69	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	115-120
11045624-3	2000	Quantitative determination of the equilibrium dissociation constants that govern the interactions of mammalian mitochondrial EF-Tu (EF-Tu(mt)) with guanine nucleotides was the focus of the work reported here.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-167	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	125-130
11045624-3	2000	Quantitative determination of the equilibrium dissociation constants that govern the interactions of mammalian mitochondrial EF-Tu (EF-Tu(mt)) with guanine nucleotides was the focus of the work reported here.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-167	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	132-141
10954741-1	2000	Sec7 domains (Sec7d) catalyze the exchange of guanine nucleotide on ARFs.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
10852917-8	2000	In support of this model, our yeast eIF2B preparations bind guanine nucleotides, with an apparent dissociation constant for GTP in the low micromolar range.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	36-41
10843989-2	2000	Here we have investigated the role of Mg(2+) cofactor in the guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis processes of the Rho family members, Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	140-145
10843989-2	2000	Here we have investigated the role of Mg(2+) cofactor in the guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis processes of the Rho family members, Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	147-151
10843989-2	2000	Here we have investigated the role of Mg(2+) cofactor in the guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis processes of the Rho family members, Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	157-161
10854437-1	2000	The Dbl family guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases share the structural array of a Dbl homology (DH) domain in tandem with a Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	4-7
10854437-1	2000	The Dbl family guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases share the structural array of a Dbl homology (DH) domain in tandem with a Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	106-109
10835426-3	2000	CalDAG-GEFIII promoted the guanine nucleotide exchange of Ha-Ras, R-Ras, and Rap1 in vitro also, indicating that CalDAG-GEFIII exhibited the widest substrate specificity among the known GEFs for Ras family G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	0-13
10835426-3	2000	CalDAG-GEFIII promoted the guanine nucleotide exchange of Ha-Ras, R-Ras, and Rap1 in vitro also, indicating that CalDAG-GEFIII exhibited the widest substrate specificity among the known GEFs for Ras family G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	77-81
10835426-3	2000	CalDAG-GEFIII promoted the guanine nucleotide exchange of Ha-Ras, R-Ras, and Rap1 in vitro also, indicating that CalDAG-GEFIII exhibited the widest substrate specificity among the known GEFs for Ras family G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	113-126
10843989-5	2000	The catalytic activity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) appeared to be negatively regulated by free Mg(2+), and GEF binding to Rho GTPase resulted in a 10-fold decrease in affinity for Mg(2+), suggesting that one role of GEF is to displace bound Mg(2+) from the Rho proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	67-70
10843989-5	2000	The catalytic activity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) appeared to be negatively regulated by free Mg(2+), and GEF binding to Rho GTPase resulted in a 10-fold decrease in affinity for Mg(2+), suggesting that one role of GEF is to displace bound Mg(2+) from the Rho proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	129-132
10835422-2	2000	Tiam1 is a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	25-28
10962559-6	2000	Thus, cAMP activation of Rap 1 in HL-60 cells is likely through a cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor (cAMP-GEF) and since cAMP does not activate Rap 1 in the variant cells, the data suggest that full post-translational processing of Rap 1 is necessary for cAMP-GEF activation of Rap 1.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	25-30
10930571-2	2000	A gene, FGD1, altered in a patient with AAS phenotype, has been identified and found to encode a protein with homology to Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rho/Rac GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	8-12
10811801-2	2000	Proteins that regulate the GTPase cycle and subcellular distribution of Ran include the cytoplasmic GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and its co-factors (RanBP1, RanBP2), the nuclear guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RanGEF), and the Ran import receptor (NTF2).	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	72-75
11075717-10	2000	Along this line, microinjection of anti-Shc antibody inhibited insulin-induced mitogenesis, and the guanine nucleotide exchange activity for p21ras is tightly associated with Shc, but not with IRS.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	141-147
11075717-10	2000	Along this line, microinjection of anti-Shc antibody inhibited insulin-induced mitogenesis, and the guanine nucleotide exchange activity for p21ras is tightly associated with Shc, but not with IRS.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	175-178
10953035-1	2000	Inosine 5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, which are also synthesized from guanine by a salvage reaction catalyzed by the X chromosome-linked enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT).	Guanine Nucleotides	103-122	hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase	Mus musculus	230-276
10953035-1	2000	Inosine 5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, which are also synthesized from guanine by a salvage reaction catalyzed by the X chromosome-linked enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT).	Guanine Nucleotides	103-122	hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase	Mus musculus	278-282
10935551-5	2000	In addition, we analyzed the expression of the recently described, cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFI and GEFII) that impact Ras-related GTPases and Raf kinases, known regulators of various protein kinase cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	119-138
10935551-5	2000	In addition, we analyzed the expression of the recently described, cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFI and GEFII) that impact Ras-related GTPases and Raf kinases, known regulators of various protein kinase cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	176-179
10840027-5	2000	In addition, the in vivo and in vitro properties of AGS1 are consistent with it functioning as a direct guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Galpha(i)/Galpha(o).	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	ras related dexamethasone induced 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
10840027-5	2000	In addition, the in vivo and in vitro properties of AGS1 are consistent with it functioning as a direct guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Galpha(i)/Galpha(o).	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	153-162
10811801-2	2000	Proteins that regulate the GTPase cycle and subcellular distribution of Ran include the cytoplasmic GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and its co-factors (RanBP1, RanBP2), the nuclear guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RanGEF), and the Ran import receptor (NTF2).	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	127-130
10811801-6	2000	Following GTP release, Mog1 remains bound to nucleotide-free Ran in a conformation that prevents rebinding of the guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	RAN guanine nucleotide release factor	Homo sapiens	23-27
10811801-6	2000	Following GTP release, Mog1 remains bound to nucleotide-free Ran in a conformation that prevents rebinding of the guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	61-64
10951566-1	2000	In addition to protein kinase A (PKA), cAMP regulates the activity of cAMP-gated channels and Rap1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	94-98
10777494-1	2000	Epac1 (cAMP-GEFI) and Epac2 (cAMP-GEFII) are closely related guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small GTPase Rap1, which are directly regulated by cAMP.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
10777494-1	2000	Epac1 (cAMP-GEFI) and Epac2 (cAMP-GEFII) are closely related guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small GTPase Rap1, which are directly regulated by cAMP.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Ras-related protein Rap-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	125-129
10880441-3	2000	Here we describe the identification, cloning and genetic characterization of C.ELEGANS: SOS-1, a putative guanine nucleotide exchanger for LET-60 RAS.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Son of sevenless homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	88-93
10801827-5	2000	Mammalian mitochondrial EF-Tu (EF-Tu(mt)) differs from the corresponding prokaryotic factors in having a much lower affinity for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-148	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	24-29
10801827-5	2000	Mammalian mitochondrial EF-Tu (EF-Tu(mt)) differs from the corresponding prokaryotic factors in having a much lower affinity for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-148	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	31-40
10869177-0	2000	Circular dichroic investigation of the native and non-native conformational states of the growth factor receptor-binding protein 2 N-terminal src homology domain 3: effect of binding to a proline-rich peptide from guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	214-232	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	90-130
10880441-3	2000	Here we describe the identification, cloning and genetic characterization of C.ELEGANS: SOS-1, a putative guanine nucleotide exchanger for LET-60 RAS.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Ras protein let-60	Caenorhabditis elegans	139-145
10777492-2	2000	Guanine nucleotide exchange of R-Ras and TC21 was promoted by RasGRF, C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, CalDAG-GEFII (RasGRP), and CalDAG-GEFIII both in 293T cells and in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAS related 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
10848592-5	2000	Activation of the Ras-Ral pathway by expression of an activated mutant of either Ras, the guanine-nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, or Ral resulted in increased motility of myoblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	22-25
10848592-5	2000	Activation of the Ras-Ral pathway by expression of an activated mutant of either Ras, the guanine-nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, or Ral resulted in increased motility of myoblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	137-140
10848592-5	2000	Activation of the Ras-Ral pathway by expression of an activated mutant of either Ras, the guanine-nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, or Ral resulted in increased motility of myoblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	137-140
10922467-3	2000	Alternative splicing of ITSN2 generates a short isoform with two EH domains, a coiled-coil region and five SH3 domains, and a longer isoform containing extra carboxy domains (DH, PH and C2 domains), suggesting that it could act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	233-251	intersectin 2	Homo sapiens	24-29
10866657-4	2000	In transient-transfection assays with both transformed and primary hepatocytes, the human TBP promoter was shown to be induced by expression of the HBV X protein in a Ras-dependent manner, requiring both Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) and Raf signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	208-226	TATA-box binding protein	Homo sapiens	90-93
10777492-2	2000	Guanine nucleotide exchange of R-Ras and TC21 was promoted by RasGRF, C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, CalDAG-GEFII (RasGRP), and CalDAG-GEFIII both in 293T cells and in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	88-100
10777492-2	2000	Guanine nucleotide exchange of R-Ras and TC21 was promoted by RasGRF, C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, CalDAG-GEFII (RasGRP), and CalDAG-GEFIII both in 293T cells and in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	102-108
10777492-2	2000	Guanine nucleotide exchange of R-Ras and TC21 was promoted by RasGRF, C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, CalDAG-GEFII (RasGRP), and CalDAG-GEFIII both in 293T cells and in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
10777492-3	2000	By contrast, guanine nucleotide exchange of M-Ras was promoted by the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the classical Ras (Ha-, K-, and N-), including mSos, RasGRF, CalDAG-GEFII, and CalDAG-GEFIII.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	muscle RAS oncogene homolog	Homo sapiens	44-49
10777492-2	2000	Guanine nucleotide exchange of R-Ras and TC21 was promoted by RasGRF, C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, CalDAG-GEFII (RasGRP), and CalDAG-GEFIII both in 293T cells and in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	75-86
10777492-3	2000	By contrast, guanine nucleotide exchange of M-Ras was promoted by the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the classical Ras (Ha-, K-, and N-), including mSos, RasGRF, CalDAG-GEFII, and CalDAG-GEFIII.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	178-190
10777492-3	2000	By contrast, guanine nucleotide exchange of M-Ras was promoted by the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the classical Ras (Ha-, K-, and N-), including mSos, RasGRF, CalDAG-GEFII, and CalDAG-GEFIII.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	muscle RAS oncogene homolog	Homo sapiens	44-49
10858301-8	2000	These findings suggest that plant eIF2alpha is capable of interacting with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B within the context of the eIF2 holoenzyme and provide direct evidence for its ability to participate in phosphorylation-mediated translational control in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	34-43
10777492-3	2000	By contrast, guanine nucleotide exchange of M-Ras was promoted by the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the classical Ras (Ha-, K-, and N-), including mSos, RasGRF, CalDAG-GEFII, and CalDAG-GEFIII.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	178-190
10866202-2	2000	We identified a Cdc42 mutant (Cdc42F28L) which binds GTP in the absence of a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, but still hydrolyses GTP with a turnover number identical to that for wild-type Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	16-21
10748207-6	2000	This RHOA-GDP structure reveals an important regulatory role for Mg(2+) and suggests that guanine nucleotide exchange factor may utilize this feature of switch I to produce an open conformation in GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	5-9
10858531-0	2000	Identification of domains within the epsilon-subunit of the translation initiation factor eIF2B that are necessary for guanine nucleotide exchange activity and eIF2B holoprotein formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	90-95
10852703-1	2000	Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins) are transducers in many cellular transmembrane signaling systems where regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) act as attenuators of the G-protein signal cascade by binding to the Galpha subunit of G-proteins (G(i)(alpha)(1)) and increasing the rate of GTP hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	170-173
10852703-1	2000	Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins) are transducers in many cellular transmembrane signaling systems where regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) act as attenuators of the G-protein signal cascade by binding to the Galpha subunit of G-proteins (G(i)(alpha)(1)) and increasing the rate of GTP hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	244-250
10866202-2	2000	We identified a Cdc42 mutant (Cdc42F28L) which binds GTP in the absence of a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, but still hydrolyses GTP with a turnover number identical to that for wild-type Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	30-35
10839806-5	2000	In add-back experiments in Xenopus egg extracts, addition of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for the Rho family, RhoGDI, greatly diminished the bacterial motility or actin assembly, which was restored by adding activated Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	125-131
10839806-5	2000	In add-back experiments in Xenopus egg extracts, addition of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for the Rho family, RhoGDI, greatly diminished the bacterial motility or actin assembly, which was restored by adding activated Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	cell division cycle 42 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	233-238
10848997-0	2000	Phosphoinositides determine specificity of the guanine-nucleotide exchange activity of cytohesin-1 for ADP-ribosylation factors derived from a mammalian expression system.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	87-98
10828067-0	2000	Interaction of GRASP, a protein encoded by a novel retinoic acid-induced gene, with members of the cytohesin family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	trafficking regulator and scaffold protein tamalin	Homo sapiens	15-20
10811902-4	2000	Here, we report that LH/CGR-dependent desensitization is mimicked by ADP ribosylation factor nucleotide-binding site opener, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small G proteins ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) 1 and 6, and blocked by synthetic N-terminal Arf6 peptide, suggesting that the GTP-dependent step of LH/CGR desensitization is receptor-dependent Arf6 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	21-27
10860717-2	2000	In humans, NESP55 (MIM 139320) is encoded by an alternative transcript of GNAS1, the gene encoding the guanine nucleotide-binding alpha subunit of G(S).	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	74-79
10881192-0	2000	Structure of Arf6-GDP suggests a basis for guanine nucleotide exchange factors specificity.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	13-17
10828966-1	2000	Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptors A and B are guanylyl cyclase receptors, whereas ANP-C receptors are coupled to adenylyl cyclase through inhibitory guanine nucleotide (Gi) protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	158-176	natriuretic peptide receptor 3	Homo sapiens	91-96
10881192-7	2000	Altogether, our results provide a structural basis for understanding how Arf1 and Arf6 can be distinguished by their guanine nucleotide exchange factors and suggest a model for the nucleotide/membrane cycle of Arf6.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
10811902-4	2000	Here, we report that LH/CGR-dependent desensitization is mimicked by ADP ribosylation factor nucleotide-binding site opener, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small G proteins ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) 1 and 6, and blocked by synthetic N-terminal Arf6 peptide, suggesting that the GTP-dependent step of LH/CGR desensitization is receptor-dependent Arf6 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	263-267
10881192-7	2000	Altogether, our results provide a structural basis for understanding how Arf1 and Arf6 can be distinguished by their guanine nucleotide exchange factors and suggest a model for the nucleotide/membrane cycle of Arf6.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	82-86
10881192-7	2000	Altogether, our results provide a structural basis for understanding how Arf1 and Arf6 can be distinguished by their guanine nucleotide exchange factors and suggest a model for the nucleotide/membrane cycle of Arf6.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	210-214
10748082-6	2000	We also show Vav activation in cells, as monitored by phosphorylation of Vav, Vav association with phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, and Vav guanine nucleotide exchange activity, is blocked by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
10811902-4	2000	Here, we report that LH/CGR-dependent desensitization is mimicked by ADP ribosylation factor nucleotide-binding site opener, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small G proteins ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) 1 and 6, and blocked by synthetic N-terminal Arf6 peptide, suggesting that the GTP-dependent step of LH/CGR desensitization is receptor-dependent Arf6 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	319-325
10811902-4	2000	Here, we report that LH/CGR-dependent desensitization is mimicked by ADP ribosylation factor nucleotide-binding site opener, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small G proteins ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) 1 and 6, and blocked by synthetic N-terminal Arf6 peptide, suggesting that the GTP-dependent step of LH/CGR desensitization is receptor-dependent Arf6 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	364-368
10744690-1	2000	RCC1 is the only known guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Ran and is normally found inside the nucleus bound to chromatin.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	79-82
10839353-0	2000	Regulation of presynaptic terminal organization by C. elegans RPM-1, a putative guanine nucleotide exchanger with a RING-H2 finger domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase rpm-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	62-67
10744696-1	2000	Vav and Vav2 are members of the Dbl family of proteins that act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho family proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	0-3
10744696-1	2000	Vav and Vav2 are members of the Dbl family of proteins that act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho family proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	vav 2 oncogene	Mus musculus	8-12
10747847-0	2000	Identification and characterization of a new family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the ras-related GTPase Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	118-121
10747847-9	2000	In contrast to the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator family of Ral GEFs, the RalGPS proteins do not possess a Ras-GTP-binding domain, suggesting that they are activated in a Ras-independent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	76-79
10760587-1	2000	Vav and vav2 are members of the dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for the rho/rac family of GTP binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10760587-1	2000	Vav and vav2 are members of the dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for the rho/rac family of GTP binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	8-12
10734117-3	2000	Both negative and positive regulators of Arf, the centaurin beta family of Arf GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, contain pleckstrin homology (PH) domains and are activated by phosphoinositides.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	ArfGAP with dual PH domains 2	Homo sapiens	50-64
10727423-4	2000	Surprisingly, the guanine nucleotide dissociation constants for both Rem2 and Rem are significantly different than the majority of the Ras-related GTPases, displaying higher dissociation rates for GTP than GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	RRAD and GEM like GTPase 2	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
10736283-6	2000	A single guanine nucleotide insertion in exon 25 of the MyBP-C gene resulted in the loss of 40 bases in abnormally processed mRNA.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	myosin binding protein C3	Homo sapiens	56-62
10734312-2	2000	Shc is believed to be regulated by a change in subcellular localization from the cytosol to the plasma membrane, where it recruits Grb-2/Sos complexes and hence permits juxtaposition of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos to Ras, resulting in GDP/GTP exchange and Ras activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	190-208	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10725329-2	2000	Here, we show that the small guanine nucleotide (GTP)-binding protein, Rac1, can be activated upon HA binding to CD44.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
10725329-2	2000	Here, we show that the small guanine nucleotide (GTP)-binding protein, Rac1, can be activated upon HA binding to CD44.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	113-117
10734312-2	2000	Shc is believed to be regulated by a change in subcellular localization from the cytosol to the plasma membrane, where it recruits Grb-2/Sos complexes and hence permits juxtaposition of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos to Ras, resulting in GDP/GTP exchange and Ras activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	190-208	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	225-228
10713454-0	2000	Major transcript variants of VAV3, a new member of the VAV family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	29-33
10704234-10	2000	Taken together, these results indicate that the tethering of G(alpha)(s) to the beta(2)AR causes a conformational change in the receptor that stabilizes a species "trapped" between the non-guanine nucleotide-bound state and the GTP-bound form.	Guanine Nucleotides	189-207	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	80-89
10725384-1	2000	The X-linked RP3 locus codes for retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR), a protein of unknown function with sequence homology to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator	Mus musculus	72-76
10702222-0	2000	Unique in vivo associations with SmgGDS and RhoGDI and different guanine nucleotide exchange activities exhibited by RhoA, dominant negative RhoA(Asn-19), and activated RhoA(Val-14).	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	transforming protein RhoA	Cricetulus griseus	117-121
10702222-0	2000	Unique in vivo associations with SmgGDS and RhoGDI and different guanine nucleotide exchange activities exhibited by RhoA, dominant negative RhoA(Asn-19), and activated RhoA(Val-14).	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	transforming protein RhoA	Cricetulus griseus	141-145
10702222-0	2000	Unique in vivo associations with SmgGDS and RhoGDI and different guanine nucleotide exchange activities exhibited by RhoA, dominant negative RhoA(Asn-19), and activated RhoA(Val-14).	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	transforming protein RhoA	Cricetulus griseus	141-145
10702222-5	2000	The guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI co-precipitates with RhoA, and to a lesser extent with RhoA(Val-14), but does not detectably co-precipitate with RhoA(Asn-19).	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	transforming protein RhoA	Cricetulus griseus	74-78
10702222-5	2000	The guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI co-precipitates with RhoA, and to a lesser extent with RhoA(Val-14), but does not detectably co-precipitate with RhoA(Asn-19).	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	transforming protein RhoA	Cricetulus griseus	108-112
10702222-5	2000	The guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI co-precipitates with RhoA, and to a lesser extent with RhoA(Val-14), but does not detectably co-precipitate with RhoA(Asn-19).	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	transforming protein RhoA	Cricetulus griseus	108-112
10692441-12	2000	Kalirin-7 is the first guanine-nucleotide exchange factor identified in the postsynaptic density, where it is positioned optimally to regulate signal transduction pathways connecting membrane proteins and the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	kalirin, RhoGEF kinase	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
10713454-0	2000	Major transcript variants of VAV3, a new member of the VAV family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
10660120-0	2000	Effects of inhibitors of guanine nucleotide synthesis on membrane potential and cytosolic free Ca2+ levels in insulin-secreting cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	insulin	Mesocricetus auratus	110-117
10660536-3	2000	Rab proteins are thought to cycle on and off vesicle membranes in conjunction with changes in their guanine nucleotide state.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	RAB24, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
10681520-0	2000	Induction of rac-guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ras-GRF1/CDC25(Mm) following phosphorylation by the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	57-65
10681520-0	2000	Induction of rac-guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ras-GRF1/CDC25(Mm) following phosphorylation by the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	66-71
10681520-0	2000	Induction of rac-guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ras-GRF1/CDC25(Mm) following phosphorylation by the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	137-140
10798620-0	2000	Localization of AtROP4 and AtROP6 and interaction with the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor AtRhoGDI1 from Arabidopsis.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAC-like GTP binding protein 5	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-22
10652308-0	2000	Similarities in function and gene structure of cytohesin-4 and cytohesin-1, guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins for ADP-ribosylation factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	cytohesin 4	Homo sapiens	47-58
10652308-0	2000	Similarities in function and gene structure of cytohesin-4 and cytohesin-1, guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins for ADP-ribosylation factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	63-74
10687955-4	2000	We found that a derepression of both GAL regulated promoters and invertase was related to the overexpression of CDC25 regions that contain a functional guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	112-117
10716190-5	2000	The constitutively active G14V-RhoA mutant expressed as a complex with RhoGDI and purified without added nucleotide also bound stoichiometric guanine nucleotide: 95% contained GDP and 5% GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	31-35
10664463-4	2000	This interaction involves switch II loop of Rnd1, a region crucial for guanine nucleotide exchange in all GTPases, and a Grb7 SH2 domain, a region crucial for Grb7 interaction with several activated receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	Rho family GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
10664463-4	2000	This interaction involves switch II loop of Rnd1, a region crucial for guanine nucleotide exchange in all GTPases, and a Grb7 SH2 domain, a region crucial for Grb7 interaction with several activated receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	growth factor receptor bound protein 7	Homo sapiens	121-125
10664463-4	2000	This interaction involves switch II loop of Rnd1, a region crucial for guanine nucleotide exchange in all GTPases, and a Grb7 SH2 domain, a region crucial for Grb7 interaction with several activated receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	growth factor receptor bound protein 7	Homo sapiens	159-163
10655614-1	2000	Rho family-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) decrease the rate of nucleotide dissociation and release Rho proteins such as RhoA, Rac and Cdc42 from membranes, forming tight complexes that shuttle between cytosol and membrane compartments.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	64-71
10655614-1	2000	Rho family-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) decrease the rate of nucleotide dissociation and release Rho proteins such as RhoA, Rac and Cdc42 from membranes, forming tight complexes that shuttle between cytosol and membrane compartments.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	151-155
10655614-1	2000	Rho family-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) decrease the rate of nucleotide dissociation and release Rho proteins such as RhoA, Rac and Cdc42 from membranes, forming tight complexes that shuttle between cytosol and membrane compartments.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	157-160
10655614-1	2000	Rho family-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) decrease the rate of nucleotide dissociation and release Rho proteins such as RhoA, Rac and Cdc42 from membranes, forming tight complexes that shuttle between cytosol and membrane compartments.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	165-170
10653898-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: Refined chromosome assignment of a novel Ras-related H-RalGDS gene (the human homology of rat RalGDS, Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator recently cloned and characterized by our laboratory) by using human/rodent radiation somatic cell hybrid panel GB4.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	66-72
10652516-2	2000	The Sec7 domain is approximately 200 amino acids in size and stimulates guanine-nucleotide exchange on members of the ARF class of small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
10653898-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: Refined chromosome assignment of a novel Ras-related H-RalGDS gene (the human homology of rat RalGDS, Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator recently cloned and characterized by our laboratory) by using human/rodent radiation somatic cell hybrid panel GB4.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Rattus norvegicus	105-111
10673424-4	2000	The cytosolic guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors, RhoGDIs, regulate both the GDP/GTP exchange cycle and the membrane association/dissociation cycle.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	58-65
10567919-7	2000	Guanine nucleotide-independent PLD activity is present in membranes from all cells expressing PLD2.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	31-34
10618392-5	2000	Rac3 activity results from both its distinct subcellular localization at the membrane and altered regulatory factors affecting the guanine nucleotide state of Rac3.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	Rac family small GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
10618392-5	2000	Rac3 activity results from both its distinct subcellular localization at the membrane and altered regulatory factors affecting the guanine nucleotide state of Rac3.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	Rac family small GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	159-163
10836144-7	2000	Furthermore, G alpha 12/13 can bind and activate Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, providing a mechanism by which GPCRs that couple to G alpha 12/13 could activate Rho and its downstream responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	13-23
10836144-7	2000	Furthermore, G alpha 12/13 can bind and activate Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, providing a mechanism by which GPCRs that couple to G alpha 12/13 could activate Rho and its downstream responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	151-161
10632732-2	2000	The low molecular mass cytosolic forms of guanylate kinase are implicated primarily in the regulation of the supply of guanine nucleotides to cell signalling pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-138	guanylate kinase	Arabidopsis thaliana	42-58
10661494-9	2000	Pearce, R. Levi, A. Novogrodsky, Nitric oxide-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange on p21 ras, J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
10644539-6	2000	Moreover, the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF2B was unaffected as was phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
10567919-7	2000	Guanine nucleotide-independent PLD activity is present in membranes from all cells expressing PLD2.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	94-98
11455956-1	2000	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, which is a member of the Ras GTPase superfamily that regulates cellular proliferation, differentiation and transformation by mediating multiple signal transduction pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	0-6
11455956-1	2000	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, which is a member of the Ras GTPase superfamily that regulates cellular proliferation, differentiation and transformation by mediating multiple signal transduction pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
10724483-8	2000	Although RAS2 is not involved in the regulation of SRP1 expression, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Cdc25, which is known to control the GTP/GDP ratio on the Ras proteins, was nevertheless required for hypoxic SRP1 expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	107-112
10824737-1	2000	The glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchored protein, membrane dipeptidase (EC 3.4.13.19) is released from the surface of 3T3-L1 adipocytes in response to insulin treatment through the action of a phospholipase C. The present study investigates the role of guanine-nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins) in this process.	Guanine Nucleotides	255-273	insulin	Homo sapiens	153-160
10724483-8	2000	Although RAS2 is not involved in the regulation of SRP1 expression, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Cdc25, which is known to control the GTP/GDP ratio on the Ras proteins, was nevertheless required for hypoxic SRP1 expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	karyopherin alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	217-221
10608818-0	1999	Dual interaction of ADP ribosylation factor 1 with Sec7 domain and with lipid membranes during catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	20-45
10608818-0	1999	Dual interaction of ADP ribosylation factor 1 with Sec7 domain and with lipid membranes during catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
10598579-6	1999	Coprecipitation experiments showed that G(i2), G(i3), and G(q/11) proteins couple to the Mel 1a receptor in an agonist-dependent and guanine nucleotide-sensitive manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	melatonin receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	89-104
10593901-4	1999	The reduction in protein synthesis accompanying amino acid imbalance became manifest at high physiologic concentrations and was dictated by the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of translation initiation factor eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	214-219
10593975-5	1999	Finally, the molecular mechanism for both in vitro GRK2-induced and in vivo agonist-induced desensitization is primarily a decrease in the maximum velocity (V(max)) for the catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange by the GRP-R rather than a change in the affinity of the receptor for the alpha(q) or betagamma subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-204	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	51-55
10593975-5	1999	Finally, the molecular mechanism for both in vitro GRK2-induced and in vivo agonist-induced desensitization is primarily a decrease in the maximum velocity (V(max)) for the catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange by the GRP-R rather than a change in the affinity of the receptor for the alpha(q) or betagamma subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-204	gastrin releasing peptide receptor	Homo sapiens	221-226
10579713-4	1999	ECT2 catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on the small GTPases, RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
10567412-2	1999	In fibroblasts, this involves formation and membrane localization of Shc.Grb2.Sos complexes, which increases the rate of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
10567412-2	1999	In fibroblasts, this involves formation and membrane localization of Shc.Grb2.Sos complexes, which increases the rate of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	73-77
10579713-4	1999	ECT2 catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on the small GTPases, RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	65-69
10579713-4	1999	ECT2 catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on the small GTPases, RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
10579713-4	1999	ECT2 catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on the small GTPases, RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	81-86
10579713-6	1999	Unlike other known guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases, ECT2 exhibits nuclear localization in interphase, spreads throughout the cytoplasm in prometaphase, and is condensed in the midbody during cytokinesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	72-76
10579721-1	1999	Using biochemical assays to determine the activation state of Rho-like GTPases, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 functions as a specific activator of Rac but not Cdc42 or Rho in NIH3T3 fibroblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	132-137
10579721-1	1999	Using biochemical assays to determine the activation state of Rho-like GTPases, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 functions as a specific activator of Rac but not Cdc42 or Rho in NIH3T3 fibroblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	175-178
10563826-1	1999	Phosphorylation of the serine 51 residue in the alpha-subunit of translational initiation factor 2 in eukaryotes (eIF2 alpha) impairs protein synthesis presumably by sequestering eIF2B, a rate-limiting pentameric guanine nucleotide exchange protein which catalyzes the exchange of GTP for GDP in the eIF2-GDP binary complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	213-231	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	114-124
10559246-1	1999	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the Dbl family regulate the actin cytoskeleton through activation of Rho-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	43-46
10637774-1	1999	The exchange of free guanine nucleotides with guanine nucleotides bound to elongation factor 2 (EF-2) and to the EF-2-ribosome complex, and the effect of ADP-ribosylation of the EF-2 thereon, were investigated by nitrocellulose filter assay.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-40	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	96-100
10545207-4	1999	Surprisingly, significant differences were found when the guanine nucleotide dissociation constants of Rit and Rin were compared with the majority of Ras-related GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	Ras like without CAAX 2	Homo sapiens	111-114
10637774-1	1999	The exchange of free guanine nucleotides with guanine nucleotides bound to elongation factor 2 (EF-2) and to the EF-2-ribosome complex, and the effect of ADP-ribosylation of the EF-2 thereon, were investigated by nitrocellulose filter assay.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-65	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	75-94
10637774-1	1999	The exchange of free guanine nucleotides with guanine nucleotides bound to elongation factor 2 (EF-2) and to the EF-2-ribosome complex, and the effect of ADP-ribosylation of the EF-2 thereon, were investigated by nitrocellulose filter assay.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-65	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	96-100
10637774-1	1999	The exchange of free guanine nucleotides with guanine nucleotides bound to elongation factor 2 (EF-2) and to the EF-2-ribosome complex, and the effect of ADP-ribosylation of the EF-2 thereon, were investigated by nitrocellulose filter assay.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-65	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	113-117
10637774-1	1999	The exchange of free guanine nucleotides with guanine nucleotides bound to elongation factor 2 (EF-2) and to the EF-2-ribosome complex, and the effect of ADP-ribosylation of the EF-2 thereon, were investigated by nitrocellulose filter assay.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-65	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	113-117
10637774-2	1999	Under the experimental conditions, stoichiometric amounts of guanine nucleotides were bound, in particular, to ternary complexes of EF-2 with biphasic kinetics.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-80	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	132-136
10523665-2	1999	Here we show that Dbs, like its rat homolog Ost and the closely related Dbl, exhibited guanine nucleotide exchange activity for the Rho family members RhoA and Cdc42, but not Rac1, in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	72-75
10839623-2	1999	The X-ray crystal structure of the ras oncogene-encoded p21 protein bound to SOS, the guanine nucleotide exchange-promoting protein, has been determined.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
10839623-2	1999	The X-ray crystal structure of the ras oncogene-encoded p21 protein bound to SOS, the guanine nucleotide exchange-promoting protein, has been determined.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	77-80
10523665-2	1999	Here we show that Dbs, like its rat homolog Ost and the closely related Dbl, exhibited guanine nucleotide exchange activity for the Rho family members RhoA and Cdc42, but not Rac1, in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	151-155
10523665-2	1999	Here we show that Dbs, like its rat homolog Ost and the closely related Dbl, exhibited guanine nucleotide exchange activity for the Rho family members RhoA and Cdc42, but not Rac1, in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	160-165
10496966-6	1999	Activation of m3-muscarinic receptors did mediate heterologous phosphorylation of beta(2)-adrenergic receptors in a GRK-independent fashion, via protein kinase C. Heterologous beta(2)-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation correlated with receptor desensitization as measured by a loss in guanine-nucleotide sensitive-high affinity agonist binding and reduction in maximal cAMP response.	Guanine Nucleotides	286-304	beta-2 adrenergic receptor	Cricetulus griseus	82-109
10598788-6	1999	Experiments were performed with the stable GTP-analogue guanylylimidodiphosphate (GppNHp) to establish guanine nucleotide sensitivity of agonist binding to sst1-5 receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	sushi, nidogen and EGF like domains 1	Homo sapiens	156-162
10598788-14	1999	Depending on the agonist radioligand used and the receptor studied, it would appear that binding can be essentially to a guanine nucleotide-sensitive state (e.g. sst2 or sst3), a guanine nucleotide-insensitive state (sst1 or sst4) or a mixture of both (sst5); in the latter case, each radioligand defining a more or less different rank order of affinity at the same receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	sushi, nidogen and EGF like domains 1	Homo sapiens	170-174
10514505-5	1999	Overexpression of C3G enhanced the Elk-1 activation synergistically with CrkL, while a C3G mutant lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange domain showed an inhibitory effect.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	87-90
10531036-1	1999	ARNO is a member of a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate small GTPases called ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) [1] [2] [3], which regulate vesicular trafficking and, in one case (ARF6), also regulate cortical actin structure [4].	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
10531036-1	1999	ARNO is a member of a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate small GTPases called ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) [1] [2] [3], which regulate vesicular trafficking and, in one case (ARF6), also regulate cortical actin structure [4].	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	203-207
10514505-0	1999	CrkL mediates Ras-dependent activation of the Raf/ERK pathway through the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G in hematopoietic cells stimulated with erythropoietin or interleukin-3.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog-like	Mus musculus	0-4
10514505-0	1999	CrkL mediates Ras-dependent activation of the Raf/ERK pathway through the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G in hematopoietic cells stimulated with erythropoietin or interleukin-3.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Mus musculus	46-49
10514505-0	1999	CrkL mediates Ras-dependent activation of the Raf/ERK pathway through the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G in hematopoietic cells stimulated with erythropoietin or interleukin-3.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	50-53
10514505-0	1999	CrkL mediates Ras-dependent activation of the Raf/ERK pathway through the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G in hematopoietic cells stimulated with erythropoietin or interleukin-3.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	109-112
10514505-0	1999	CrkL mediates Ras-dependent activation of the Raf/ERK pathway through the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G in hematopoietic cells stimulated with erythropoietin or interleukin-3.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	152-166
10514505-5	1999	Overexpression of C3G enhanced the Elk-1 activation synergistically with CrkL, while a C3G mutant lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange domain showed an inhibitory effect.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	18-21
10498616-7	1999	An S27N mutant of M-Ras, like the analogous H-Ras S17N mutant, was a dominant inhibitor of activation of the c-fos promoter by constitutively active Src Y527F, suggesting that M-Ras and p21 Ras shared guanine nucleotide exchange factors and are likely to be activated in parallel.	Guanine Nucleotides	201-219	muscle RAS oncogene homolog	Homo sapiens	18-23
10498616-7	1999	An S27N mutant of M-Ras, like the analogous H-Ras S17N mutant, was a dominant inhibitor of activation of the c-fos promoter by constitutively active Src Y527F, suggesting that M-Ras and p21 Ras shared guanine nucleotide exchange factors and are likely to be activated in parallel.	Guanine Nucleotides	201-219	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	109-114
10498616-7	1999	An S27N mutant of M-Ras, like the analogous H-Ras S17N mutant, was a dominant inhibitor of activation of the c-fos promoter by constitutively active Src Y527F, suggesting that M-Ras and p21 Ras shared guanine nucleotide exchange factors and are likely to be activated in parallel.	Guanine Nucleotides	201-219	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	149-152
10498616-7	1999	An S27N mutant of M-Ras, like the analogous H-Ras S17N mutant, was a dominant inhibitor of activation of the c-fos promoter by constitutively active Src Y527F, suggesting that M-Ras and p21 Ras shared guanine nucleotide exchange factors and are likely to be activated in parallel.	Guanine Nucleotides	201-219	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	186-193
10606204-4	1999	In addition, RGS12, RGS14 and LOCO are shown to contain single "LGN motifs" that are guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for the alpha-subunit of G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	regulator of G protein signaling 12	Homo sapiens	13-18
10606204-4	1999	In addition, RGS12, RGS14 and LOCO are shown to contain single "LGN motifs" that are guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for the alpha-subunit of G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	20-25
10508224-3	1999	AC activity was determined by the conversion of substrate ATP into cyclic AMP under basal conditions and in the presence of guanine nucleotide or forskolin.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	adenylate cyclase 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
10508224-5	1999	Our results indicate that endometrial AC was highly responsive to activation by both guanine nucleotide and forskolin and its rate of cyclic AMP production was highly pronounced.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	adenylate cyclase 1	Homo sapiens	38-40
10493796-0	1999	A chimeric elongation factor containing the putative guanine nucleotide binding domain of archaeal EF-1 alpha and the M and C domains of eubacterial EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	99-109
10480888-8	1999	Two Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), oncogenic lbc and p115, increased the percentage of rounded cells 4-5-fold, and this was inhibited by C3.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Rho GTPase activating protein 4	Homo sapiens	79-83
10518933-4	1999	Arl3 features an unusually low affinity for guanine nucleotides, with a KD of 24 nM for GDP and 48 microM for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-63	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
10499589-1	1999	The small guanine nucleotide (GTP)-binding protein Rac regulates mitogen-induced cytoskeletal changes and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK), and its activity is required for Ras-mediated cell transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
10499589-1	1999	The small guanine nucleotide (GTP)-binding protein Rac regulates mitogen-induced cytoskeletal changes and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK), and its activity is required for Ras-mediated cell transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	106-111
10493878-2	1999	Specific binding of hGBP1 to guanine nucleotides has been established although only two classical GTP-binding motifs were found in its primary sequence.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-48	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	20-25
10493878-9	1999	The high guanine nucleotide dissociation rates measured by stopped-flow kinetics are responsible for the weak affinities to hGBP1 when compared to other GTPases like Ras or Galpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	124-129
10493878-9	1999	The high guanine nucleotide dissociation rates measured by stopped-flow kinetics are responsible for the weak affinities to hGBP1 when compared to other GTPases like Ras or Galpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	173-179
10489445-1	1999	Like all Rho (Ras homology) GTPases, RhoA functions as a molecular switch in cell signaling, alternating between GTP- and GDP-bound states, with its biologically inactive GDP-bound form maintained as a cytosolic complex with RhoGDI (guanine nucleotide-exchange inhibitor).	Guanine Nucleotides	233-251	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	37-41
10464238-4	1999	We found here that the fragment of frabin containing DHD and first PHD stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange of Cdc42Hs small G protein, but not that of RhoA or Rac1 small G protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	113-118
10524252-1	1999	ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4) is a member of a family of approximately 20 kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that were initially identified by their ability to stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	0-25
10606183-7	1999	The ras gene family codes for a 21 kD protein (p21), which binds guanine nucleotides and possesses GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-84	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	47-50
10524252-1	1999	ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4) is a member of a family of approximately 20 kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that were initially identified by their ability to stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	27-31
10454558-0	1999	The yeast trimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha subunit, Gpa2p, controls the meiosis-specific kinase Ime2p activity in response to nutrients.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-74
10454558-0	1999	The yeast trimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha subunit, Gpa2p, controls the meiosis-specific kinase Ime2p activity in response to nutrients.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	protein kinase IME2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	113-118
10462476-6	1999	We conclude that (i) uracil nucleotides bind to transducin-alpha with lower affinity than the corresponding guanine nucleotides, (ii) phosphorothioate modification of uracil nucleotides increases their affinity for transducin, and (iii) uracil nucleotides induce conformational changes in G-proteins that are different from the conformational changes induced by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	362-381	G protein subunit alpha z	Homo sapiens	48-64
10455104-1	1999	By screening for genes expressed differentially in pancreatic beta cells, we have isolated a cDNA encoding GRFbeta, a novel 178-amino acid protein whose N terminus is identical to that of GRF1, a calcium-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and whose C terminus is unrelated to known proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	214-232	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	188-192
10486569-1	1999	Three groups of Rap1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors including C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, and Epac/cAMP-GEFI/II have been identified to date.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	16-20
10459008-5	1999	Furthermore, the interaction between SRbeta and the ribosome leads to a reduction in the affinity of SRbeta for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-131	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	37-43
10459008-5	1999	Furthermore, the interaction between SRbeta and the ribosome leads to a reduction in the affinity of SRbeta for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-131	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	101-107
10471274-9	1999	In the presence of nucleotide, the ternary complex of Ran.nucleotide.RCC1, an intermediate in the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction, could be observed.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	54-57
10471274-9	1999	In the presence of nucleotide, the ternary complex of Ran.nucleotide.RCC1, an intermediate in the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction, could be observed.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
10486569-1	1999	Three groups of Rap1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors including C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, and Epac/cAMP-GEFI/II have been identified to date.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
10486569-1	1999	Three groups of Rap1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors including C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, and Epac/cAMP-GEFI/II have been identified to date.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	81-92
10486569-1	1999	Three groups of Rap1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors including C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, and Epac/cAMP-GEFI/II have been identified to date.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	98-102
10486569-1	1999	Three groups of Rap1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors including C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, and Epac/cAMP-GEFI/II have been identified to date.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	103-115
10494859-0	1999	Direct interaction between the ARF-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor msec7-1 and presynaptic Munc13-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	cytohesin 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	79-86
10438546-2	1999	Members of the Dbl family have been shown to function as physiological activators (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) of the Rho-like small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	15-18
10430582-10	1999	Biochemical assays demonstrate that, although the homology between the members of the Sec7-domain family is relatively low (20-35%) and limited to a small domain, they all can act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Arf proteins, but not for Ypt GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	86-90
10494859-0	1999	Direct interaction between the ARF-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor msec7-1 and presynaptic Munc13-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	103-111
10402461-4	1999	Hexahistidine-tagged-GBF1 exhibited BFA-resistant guanine nucleotide exchange activity that appears specific towards ARF5 at physiological Mg2+concentration.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Cricetulus griseus	21-25
10395673-1	1999	This study investigates whether the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Vav is linked to cytokine production in mast cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
10409717-1	1999	Translation elongation factor 1beta (EF-1beta) is a member of the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, proteins whose activities are important for the regulation of G proteins critical to many cellular processes.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	37-45
10409717-5	1999	Human EF-1beta, but not human EF-1delta, is functional in place of yeast EF-1beta, even though both EF-1beta and EF-1delta have previously been shown to have guanine nucleotide exchange activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	158-176	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	6-14
10409717-5	1999	Human EF-1beta, but not human EF-1delta, is functional in place of yeast EF-1beta, even though both EF-1beta and EF-1delta have previously been shown to have guanine nucleotide exchange activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	158-176	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta	Homo sapiens	113-122
10413511-3	1999	To evaluate the functional role of these residues, site-directed GRP-R mutants were expressed in fibroblasts and assayed for their ability to both bind agonist and catalyze exchange of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	185-204	gastrin releasing peptide receptor	Homo sapiens	65-70
10402461-4	1999	Hexahistidine-tagged-GBF1 exhibited BFA-resistant guanine nucleotide exchange activity that appears specific towards ARF5 at physiological Mg2+concentration.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	ADP-ribosylation factor 5	Cricetulus griseus	117-121
10393931-2	1999	Here, we investigated the cellular localization and BFA sensitivity of human p200 ARF-GEP1 (p200), a ubiquitously expressed guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the Sec7 domain family.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
10393931-2	1999	Here, we investigated the cellular localization and BFA sensitivity of human p200 ARF-GEP1 (p200), a ubiquitously expressed guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the Sec7 domain family.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
10385615-2	1999	Sec7, first identified in vesicular trafficking mutants in yeast, and its phylogenetic homologues function as guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for small G-proteins such as ARF (ADP-ribosylation factor).	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
10395923-0	1999	Effects of domain exchanges between Escherichia coli and mammalian mitochondrial EF-Tu on interactions with guanine nucleotides, aminoacyl-tRNA and ribosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-127	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	81-86
10395923-1	1999	Escherichia coli elongation factor (EF-Tu) and the corresponding mammalian mitochondrial factor, EF-Tumt, show distinct differences in their affinities for guanine nucleotides and in their interactions with elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) and mitochondrial tRNAs.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-175	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	36-41
10395923-1	1999	Escherichia coli elongation factor (EF-Tu) and the corresponding mammalian mitochondrial factor, EF-Tumt, show distinct differences in their affinities for guanine nucleotides and in their interactions with elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) and mitochondrial tRNAs.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-175	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	97-104
10403517-0	1999	Kinetic control of guanine nucleotide binding to soluble Galpha(q).	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	57-63
10403517-2	1999	Detergent-solubilized Galpha(q) displays unusual guanine nucleotide binding properties in comparison with other G protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	22-28
10403517-9	1999	These findings reconcile the slowly reversible binding of GTPgammaS to Galpha(q) with the other behaviors that suggested lower affinity, and point out that events subsequent to GDP dissociation can markedly influence the rates and extents of guanine nucleotide binding to G protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	242-260	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	71-77
10364228-3	1999	Here we report the identification of a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1, STEF, which is related in overall amino acid sequence and modular structure to mouse Tiam1 and Drosophila SIF proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2	Mus musculus	90-94
10364228-3	1999	Here we report the identification of a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1, STEF, which is related in overall amino acid sequence and modular structure to mouse Tiam1 and Drosophila SIF proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	84-88
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	4-7
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	ralA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	25-31
10364228-3	1999	Here we report the identification of a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1, STEF, which is related in overall amino acid sequence and modular structure to mouse Tiam1 and Drosophila SIF proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	175-180
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	ralA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	49-55
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	49-52
10364219-1	1999	The Ral effector protein RLIP76 (also called RIP/RalBP1) binds to Ral.GTP via a region that shares no sequence homology with the Ras-binding domains of the Ser/Thr kinase c-Raf-1 and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	49-52
10336523-0	1999	Measurement of agonist and antagonist ligand-binding parameters at the human parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor: evaluation of receptor states and modulation by guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	162-180	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	77-96
10362652-16	1999	Together these data suggest that, in the gastric parietal cells, carbachol activates the ERKs through Ras- and betagamma-dependent mechanisms that require guanine nucleotide exchange factors other than Sos.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Canis lupus familiaris	89-93
10339478-8	1999	Furthermore, overexpression of C3G also increased the adhesion of hematopoietic cells to fibronectin, whereas a C3G mutant lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange domain abrogated the CrkL-induced increase in cell adhesion.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	112-115
10339478-8	1999	Furthermore, overexpression of C3G also increased the adhesion of hematopoietic cells to fibronectin, whereas a C3G mutant lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange domain abrogated the CrkL-induced increase in cell adhesion.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog-like	Mus musculus	184-188
10339478-10	1999	Taken together, these results indicate that the CrkL-C3G complex activates VLA-4 and VLA-5 in hematopoietic cells, possibly by activating the small GTP binding proteins, including R-Ras, through the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of C3G.	Guanine Nucleotides	199-217	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog-like	Mus musculus	48-52
10339478-10	1999	Taken together, these results indicate that the CrkL-C3G complex activates VLA-4 and VLA-5 in hematopoietic cells, possibly by activating the small GTP binding proteins, including R-Ras, through the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of C3G.	Guanine Nucleotides	199-217	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	53-56
10339478-10	1999	Taken together, these results indicate that the CrkL-C3G complex activates VLA-4 and VLA-5 in hematopoietic cells, possibly by activating the small GTP binding proteins, including R-Ras, through the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of C3G.	Guanine Nucleotides	199-217	integrin alpha 5 (fibronectin receptor alpha)	Mus musculus	85-90
10339478-10	1999	Taken together, these results indicate that the CrkL-C3G complex activates VLA-4 and VLA-5 in hematopoietic cells, possibly by activating the small GTP binding proteins, including R-Ras, through the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of C3G.	Guanine Nucleotides	199-217	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	239-242
10341214-2	1999	Cytohesin-1 is a member of a family of ARF guanine nucleotide-exchange factors that contain a C-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain which has been proposed to bind the lipid second messenger phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3).	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	cytohesin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-11
10348906-0	1999	Characterization of recombinant mouse epidermal-type transglutaminase (TGase 3): regulation of its activity by proteolysis and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-146	transglutaminase 3, E polypeptide	Mus musculus	71-78
10322431-0	1999	Author correction: triple association of CDC25-, dbl- and Sec7-related domains in mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	41-46
10318809-2	1999	G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiate Ras-dependent activation of the Erk 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade by stimulating recruitment of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors to the plasma membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	mitogen activated protein kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	77-84
10329739-8	1999	We tested the ability of Vps9p to stimulate the intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Rab5, which is a mammalian sequence homologue of Vps21p, and Ypt7p, which is another yeast Rab protein involved in vacuolar protein transport.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-30
10329739-8	1999	We tested the ability of Vps9p to stimulate the intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Rab5, which is a mammalian sequence homologue of Vps21p, and Ypt7p, which is another yeast Rab protein involved in vacuolar protein transport.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	98-102
10322113-3	1999	Ran also interacts with a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, RanBP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	0-3
10322113-3	1999	Ran also interacts with a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, RanBP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	RAN binding protein 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	69-75
10370056-1	1999	The involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) in the activation of cardiac adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl- current (ICl) by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein (GST) was investigated in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Cavia porcellus	151-202
10370056-1	1999	The involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) in the activation of cardiac adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl- current (ICl) by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein (GST) was investigated in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Cavia porcellus	204-208
10092663-2	1999	In a yeast two-hybrid screen designed to identify proteins interacting with ARP, we isolated a partial cDNA of the ARF-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor mSec7-1/cytohesin encoding its N terminus and most of the Sec7 domain (codons 1-200).	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	ADP ribosylation factor related protein 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
10220378-0	1999	G protein beta gamma subunit-dependent Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ras-GRF1/CDC25(Mm).	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	83-91
10220378-0	1999	G protein beta gamma subunit-dependent Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Ras-GRF1/CDC25(Mm).	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	92-97
10092629-4	1999	Competition binding experiments revealed a guanine nucleotide-sensitive serotonin high affinity state only for the 5-HT2C-INI receptor; the loss of high affinity agonist binding to the edited receptor demonstrates that RNA editing generates unique 5-HT2CRs that couple less efficiently to G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	Homo sapiens	115-121
10212218-2	1999	Conversion of inactive ARF-GDP to active ARF-GTP is catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange proteins such as cytohesin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	110-121
10212218-3	1999	Cytohesin-1 and its Sec7 domain (C-1Sec7) exhibit guanine nucleotide exchange protein activity with ARF1 but not ARF-like protein 1 (ARL1), which is 57% identical in amino acid sequence.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
10212218-3	1999	Cytohesin-1 and its Sec7 domain (C-1Sec7) exhibit guanine nucleotide exchange protein activity with ARF1 but not ARF-like protein 1 (ARL1), which is 57% identical in amino acid sequence.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
10213614-1	1999	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, and one of its homologues is RGL (RalGDS-like).	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	0-6
10213614-1	1999	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, and one of its homologues is RGL (RalGDS-like).	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
10213614-1	1999	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral, and one of its homologues is RGL (RalGDS-like).	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
10196191-1	1999	The inability of the S17N mutant of Rap1A to sequester the catalytic domain of the Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G (van den Berghe, N., Cool, R. H., Horn, G., and Wittinghofer, A.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	122-125
10196191-2	1999	(1997) Oncogene 15, 845-850) prompted us to study possible fundamental differences in the way Rap1 interacts with C3G compared with the interaction of Ras with the catalytic domain of the mouse Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor Cdc25(Mm).	Guanine Nucleotides	198-216	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	233-238
10196191-3	1999	A variety of mutants in both Ras and Rap1A were designed, and both the C3G and Cdc25(Mm) catalyzed release of guanine nucleotide from these mutants was studied.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	71-74
10196191-3	1999	A variety of mutants in both Ras and Rap1A were designed, and both the C3G and Cdc25(Mm) catalyzed release of guanine nucleotide from these mutants was studied.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	79-84
10092663-2	1999	In a yeast two-hybrid screen designed to identify proteins interacting with ARP, we isolated a partial cDNA of the ARF-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor mSec7-1/cytohesin encoding its N terminus and most of the Sec7 domain (codons 1-200).	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	cytohesin 1	Mus musculus	163-170
10208427-0	1999	Isoform-specific insertion near the Grb2-binding domain modulates the intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity of hSos1.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
10199825-4	1999	Nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotides and AlMgF protected Galpha13 from degradation by trypsin.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-35	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	56-64
10087060-6	1999	Estrogen produces a rapid, transient activation of src-family tyrosine kinases and tyrosine phosphorylation of p21(ras)-guanine nucleotide activating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
10077583-4	1999	All known ARF guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins contain a Sec7 domain of approximately 200 amino acids that includes the active site and fall into two classes that differ in molecular size and susceptibility to inhibition by the fungal metabolite brefeldin A (BFA).	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
10075920-2	1999	EFA6 promotes efficient guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF6 and is distinct from the ARNO family of ARF1 exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-4
10075920-2	1999	EFA6 promotes efficient guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF6 and is distinct from the ARNO family of ARF1 exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	55-59
10208427-0	1999	Isoform-specific insertion near the Grb2-binding domain modulates the intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity of hSos1.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	120-125
10208427-8	1999	Our results suggest that the increased biological potency displayed by hSos1-Isf II is due to higher intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity conferred upon this isoform by the 15 a.a. insertion located in proximity to its Grb2 binding region.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	71-76
10208427-8	1999	Our results suggest that the increased biological potency displayed by hSos1-Isf II is due to higher intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity conferred upon this isoform by the 15 a.a. insertion located in proximity to its Grb2 binding region.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	229-233
10049745-1	1999	We demonstrate that stimulation of primary cultures of endothelial cells with vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) results in a rapid increase in labeled guanine nucleotide bound to p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	119-123
10355488-0	1999	Effects of guanine nucleotides on adenosine and glutamate modulation of cAMP levels in optic tectum slices from chicks.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-30	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	72-76
10355488-4	1999	In the present study we investigated the interaction of GN with these two neurotransmitters and found that GN inhibit the inhibitory effect of glutamate on adenosine-induced cAMP accumulation and potentiate adenosine-induced cAMP accumulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-109	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	174-178
10355488-4	1999	In the present study we investigated the interaction of GN with these two neurotransmitters and found that GN inhibit the inhibitory effect of glutamate on adenosine-induced cAMP accumulation and potentiate adenosine-induced cAMP accumulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-109	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	225-229
10349744-6	1999	On the other hand binding by eIF4E of unmethylated guanine nucleotides and N2,N2,7-trimethylguanine containing nucleotides differ substantially from the way of binding of the regular mRNA-cap.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	29-34
9988688-2	1999	The beta, gamma, and delta subunits, that contribute the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of EF-1H, are tightly associated with the NH2-terminal polypeptide extension of valyl-tRNA synthetase.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	valyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	174-195
10331637-2	1999	These proteins have been identified as the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and a novel guanine nucleotide binding protein (BARS-50), respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	103-108
10331637-2	1999	These proteins have been identified as the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and a novel guanine nucleotide binding protein (BARS-50), respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	C-terminal binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	158-165
9988712-1	1999	Many receptors that couple to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins mediate rapid activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, Erk1 and Erk2.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	152-156
9988712-1	1999	Many receptors that couple to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins mediate rapid activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, Erk1 and Erk2.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	161-165
10022833-6	1999	In order to define the mechanism by which Socs1-mediated suppression of Kit-dependent mitogenesis occurs, we demonstrate that Socs1 binds to the signalling proteins Grb-2 and the Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors Vav.	Guanine Nucleotides	190-208	suppressor of cytokine signaling 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
10022833-6	1999	In order to define the mechanism by which Socs1-mediated suppression of Kit-dependent mitogenesis occurs, we demonstrate that Socs1 binds to the signalling proteins Grb-2 and the Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors Vav.	Guanine Nucleotides	190-208	KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	72-75
10022833-6	1999	In order to define the mechanism by which Socs1-mediated suppression of Kit-dependent mitogenesis occurs, we demonstrate that Socs1 binds to the signalling proteins Grb-2 and the Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors Vav.	Guanine Nucleotides	190-208	suppressor of cytokine signaling 1	Homo sapiens	126-131
10022833-6	1999	In order to define the mechanism by which Socs1-mediated suppression of Kit-dependent mitogenesis occurs, we demonstrate that Socs1 binds to the signalling proteins Grb-2 and the Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors Vav.	Guanine Nucleotides	190-208	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	226-229
10049745-1	1999	We demonstrate that stimulation of primary cultures of endothelial cells with vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) results in a rapid increase in labeled guanine nucleotide bound to p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	192-198
9933584-5	1999	The cell line tsBN2 contains a temperature-sensitive point mutation in the RCC1 gene, which encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
10368288-0	1999	The solution structure of the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of human elongation factor 1beta reveals a striking resemblance to that of EF-Ts from Escherichia coli.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	74-97
10368288-0	1999	The solution structure of the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of human elongation factor 1beta reveals a striking resemblance to that of EF-Ts from Escherichia coli.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	140-145
10368288-11	1999	CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of both the structural homology between EF-Ts and hEF-1beta[135-224] and the sequence conservation analysis, we propose that the mechanism of guanine-nucleotide exchange in protein synthesis has been conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	66-71
10368288-11	1999	CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of both the structural homology between EF-Ts and hEF-1beta[135-224] and the sequence conservation analysis, we propose that the mechanism of guanine-nucleotide exchange in protein synthesis has been conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	76-85
10021386-6	1999	Y-27632 blocked focus formation by RhoA and its guanine-nucleotide exchange factors Dbl and mNET1.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	84-87
9933584-5	1999	The cell line tsBN2 contains a temperature-sensitive point mutation in the RCC1 gene, which encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	140-143
9920934-2	1999	Sec12p is the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Sar1 GTPase and functions at the very upstream in the vesicle budding reactions from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	Sar family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC12	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-6
10021386-6	1999	Y-27632 blocked focus formation by RhoA and its guanine-nucleotide exchange factors Dbl and mNET1.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	neuroepithelial cell transforming gene 1	Mus musculus	92-97
10082673-3	1999	The wild-type and EP3-D318N receptors but not EP3-D318L receptor associated with Gi in guanine nucleotide- and pertussis toxin-sensitive manners.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	prostaglandin E receptor 3 (subtype EP3)	Mus musculus	18-21
9927699-3	1999	Because GDP release in vivo is rather slow, ARF activation is facilitated by specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors like cytohesin-1 or ARNO.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	cytohesin 1	Rattus norvegicus	127-138
9927699-3	1999	Because GDP release in vivo is rather slow, ARF activation is facilitated by specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors like cytohesin-1 or ARNO.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	cytohesin 2	Rattus norvegicus	142-146
9870920-2	1999	In view of the guanine-nucleotide dependency of mast cell exocytosis and the participation of Rab3 proteins in synaptic vesicle release, we hypothesized that a Rab3 isoform regulates mast cell secretion.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	160-164
10072355-3	1999	Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors contribute to cellular transformation induced by oncogenic Ras through an Erk-independent mechanism which may involve activation of transcription.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
10072355-3	1999	Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors contribute to cellular transformation induced by oncogenic Ras through an Erk-independent mechanism which may involve activation of transcription.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
9890991-2	1999	Previously, we demonstrated that both Lfc and Lsc, like their closest relative Lbc, can act catalytically in stimulating the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RhoA in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	165-169
10320937-3	1999	Subsequent studies showed that Tiam1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho-like GTPase Rac1, a member of the Ras superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
10872457-1	1999	Members of the Rho family of small Ras-like GTPases--including RhoA, -B, and -C, Rac1 and -2, and Cdc42--exhibit guanine nucleotide-binding activity and function as molecular switches, cycling between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	35-92
10872457-1	1999	Members of the Rho family of small Ras-like GTPases--including RhoA, -B, and -C, Rac1 and -2, and Cdc42--exhibit guanine nucleotide-binding activity and function as molecular switches, cycling between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	98-103
9857026-5	1998	Biochemical analysis reveals that GEF-H1 is capable of stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange of Rac and Rho but is inactive toward Cdc42, TC10, or Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	34-40
9890436-13	1999	Differential association of non-ran small molecular mass GTP-binding proteins and heterotrimeric G-proteins with neuronal nuclei suggests a potential role for these guanine nucleotide binding proteins in the function of this cell type.	Guanine Nucleotides	165-183	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
9892008-5	1999	Stimulation of both alpha1A- and alpha1B-receptors activated p21ras and stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange on Ras protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	calcium channel, voltage-dependent, P/Q type, alpha 1A subunit	Mus musculus	20-27
9856955-4	1998	These cAMP-regulated GEFs (cAMP-GEFs) bind cAMP and selectively activate the Ras superfamily guanine nucleotide binding protein Rap1A in a cAMP-dependent but PKA-independent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	128-133
9852039-10	1998	Last, guanine nucleotide exchange on Rab5a was elevated about 3-fold in the presence of cytosol from IFN-gamma-treated cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	37-42
9852039-10	1998	Last, guanine nucleotide exchange on Rab5a was elevated about 3-fold in the presence of cytosol from IFN-gamma-treated cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	101-110
9856997-3	1998	This work studies the influence of the Ras effector c-Raf-1 on the action of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) on Ha-Ras in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	52-59
9856997-3	1998	This work studies the influence of the Ras effector c-Raf-1 on the action of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) on Ha-Ras in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	123-129
9852136-4	1998	We have introduced a mutation (Ser36 --> Asn) into this domain of p190 that decreased its ability to bind guanine nucleotide when expressed as a hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged protein in COS cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	contactin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	38-41
9931431-1	1998	Mammalian Ras proteins associate with multiple effectors, including Raf, Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and AF-6.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	73-76
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	143-146
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	200-204
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	143-146
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	143-146
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	279-282
9853756-3	1998	At least three different second messengers, namely diacylglycerol, calcium and cyclic AMP, are able to activate Rap1 by promoting its release of the guanine nucleotide GDP and its binding to GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	112-116
9832437-8	1998	As GRP1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ARF6 proteins, we propose a signaling pathway distinct from the small GTP-binding protein Rac, connecting PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 via GRP1 to ARF6, leading to insulin- and IGF-I-induced actin rearrangement.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	cytohesin 3	Homo sapiens	3-7
9832437-8	1998	As GRP1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ARF6 proteins, we propose a signaling pathway distinct from the small GTP-binding protein Rac, connecting PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 via GRP1 to ARF6, leading to insulin- and IGF-I-induced actin rearrangement.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	57-61
9832437-8	1998	As GRP1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ARF6 proteins, we propose a signaling pathway distinct from the small GTP-binding protein Rac, connecting PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 via GRP1 to ARF6, leading to insulin- and IGF-I-induced actin rearrangement.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	191-195
9832437-8	1998	As GRP1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ARF6 proteins, we propose a signaling pathway distinct from the small GTP-binding protein Rac, connecting PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 via GRP1 to ARF6, leading to insulin- and IGF-I-induced actin rearrangement.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	insulin	Homo sapiens	208-215
9832437-8	1998	As GRP1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ARF6 proteins, we propose a signaling pathway distinct from the small GTP-binding protein Rac, connecting PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 via GRP1 to ARF6, leading to insulin- and IGF-I-induced actin rearrangement.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	221-226
9832629-11	1998	ARF1 contains only one cysteine residue (Cys-159), which is located near the base moiety of the bound guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
9846881-1	1998	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors in the Dbl family activate Rho GTPases by accelerating dissociation of bound GDP, promoting acquisition of the GTP-bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	43-46
9843482-4	1998	Between the three GTPase an intriguing interconnectivity exists, in that guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ral associate with the GTP-bound form of both Ras and Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	113-116
9843482-4	1998	Between the three GTPase an intriguing interconnectivity exists, in that guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ral associate with the GTP-bound form of both Ras and Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	167-171
9819430-4	1998	The Ras, Rac, Ran, Arf, and Rab/YPT1 families are activated by interaction with family-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rab family GTPase YPT1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	32-36
9813009-10	1998	We speculate that the physiological function of the marked increase in BAT GMP-r during cold stress may be to deplete the brown adipocyte of guanine nucleotides, converting them to IMP, thus permitting enhanced UCP-1 function.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-160	guanosine monophosphate reductase	Homo sapiens	75-80
10092207-5	1998	Upstream proteins include various receptors and large multisite docking proteins, while several protein kinases and guanine nucleotide release proteins (GNRPs) have been suggested to function downstream of c-Crk and CRKL.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	206-211
10092207-5	1998	Upstream proteins include various receptors and large multisite docking proteins, while several protein kinases and guanine nucleotide release proteins (GNRPs) have been suggested to function downstream of c-Crk and CRKL.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	CRK like proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	216-220
10094633-0	1998	Ssa1p chaperone interacts with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of ras Cdc25p and controls the cAMP pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	Hsp70 family ATPase SSA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
9813319-3	1998	The presence of three isozymes of adenylate kinase (AK1, AK2 and AK3) that maintains the homeostasis of adenine and guanine nucleotide composition has been reported in the vertebrate.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	adenylate kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	52-55
9813319-3	1998	The presence of three isozymes of adenylate kinase (AK1, AK2 and AK3) that maintains the homeostasis of adenine and guanine nucleotide composition has been reported in the vertebrate.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	adenylate kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
9813319-3	1998	The presence of three isozymes of adenylate kinase (AK1, AK2 and AK3) that maintains the homeostasis of adenine and guanine nucleotide composition has been reported in the vertebrate.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	adenylate kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	65-68
9799233-2	1998	We have identified the two components of the stimulatory heterodimer by amino acid sequencing as a Rho GTPase and the Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor LyGDI.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	164-169
9794464-0	1998	Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor-mediated activation of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins in ovarian follicular membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	0-47
10094633-0	1998	Ssa1p chaperone interacts with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of ras Cdc25p and controls the cAMP pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	77-83
9789025-3	1998	When Galphaq, alpha12, or alpha13 were coexpressed with a Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF115, Galpha13, but not Galphaq or Galpha12, showed synergistic activation of SRF with GEF115.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha q polypeptide	Mus musculus	5-12
9774433-4	1998	Mutation of several residues in EF-Tsmt corresponding to amino acids important for the activity of E. coli EF-Ts has little or no effect on the activity of the mitochondrial factor, suggesting that these factors may use somewhat different mechanisms to promote guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	261-279	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	32-39
9774433-4	1998	Mutation of several residues in EF-Tsmt corresponding to amino acids important for the activity of E. coli EF-Ts has little or no effect on the activity of the mitochondrial factor, suggesting that these factors may use somewhat different mechanisms to promote guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	261-279	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	32-37
9789025-3	1998	When Galphaq, alpha12, or alpha13 were coexpressed with a Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF115, Galpha13, but not Galphaq or Galpha12, showed synergistic activation of SRF with GEF115.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 13	Mus musculus	114-122
9789025-3	1998	When Galphaq, alpha12, or alpha13 were coexpressed with a Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF115, Galpha13, but not Galphaq or Galpha12, showed synergistic activation of SRF with GEF115.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	serum response factor	Mus musculus	186-189
9756891-0	1998	Guanine nucleotide exchange on ADP-ribosylation factors catalyzed by cytohesin-1 and its Sec7 domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	69-80
9756891-5	1998	Cytohesin-1 accelerated GTPgammaS (guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate) binding to recombinant human ARF1 (rARF1), yeast ARF3, and ARD1 (a 64-kDa guanine nucleotide-binding protein containing a C-terminal ARF domain).	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
9756941-0	1998	Molecular role for the Rab binding platform of guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor in endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-26
9756891-0	1998	Guanine nucleotide exchange on ADP-ribosylation factors catalyzed by cytohesin-1 and its Sec7 domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
9760230-9	1998	The structures of NBR-A and NBR-B were determined by X-ray crystallography in the presence of guanine nucleotide(s).	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	nucleoside diphosphate kinase A 2	Bos taurus	18-23
9760230-9	1998	The structures of NBR-A and NBR-B were determined by X-ray crystallography in the presence of guanine nucleotide(s).	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	nucleoside diphosphate kinase A 2	Bos taurus	28-33
9794249-6	1998	The differential modulation of CB1 receptor-G-protein coupling by Na+ and guanine nucleotides is dependent upon the cannabimimetic agonist bound.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-93	cannabinoid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
9777253-3	1998	We have studied the modulation of agonist binding to 5-HT1A receptors from bovine hippocampus by metal ions and guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Bos taurus	53-59
9756629-0	1998	Activities of mutant Sar1 proteins in guanine nucleotide binding, GTP hydrolysis, and cell-free transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	Arf family GTPase SAR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	21-25
9685396-2	1998	We overexpressed wild-type, a GTPase defective (Q71L), and a guanine nucleotide binding defective (N125I) Rab6 protein in Drosophila photoreceptors to assess the in vivo role of Rab6 in the trafficking of rhodopsin and other proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Rab6	Drosophila melanogaster	106-110
9796702-2	1998	Effector pathways for this guanine nucleotide binding protein in T cells are mediated by the serine/threonine kinase Raf-1 and the Ras-related GTPase Rac-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	117-122
9796702-2	1998	Effector pathways for this guanine nucleotide binding protein in T cells are mediated by the serine/threonine kinase Raf-1 and the Ras-related GTPase Rac-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	150-153
9716506-2	1998	At mild heat-shock temperatures the main cause for inhibition is the inactivation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B); under more severe heat-shock conditions the activity of several initiation factors is compromised.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	124-155
9716506-2	1998	At mild heat-shock temperatures the main cause for inhibition is the inactivation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B); under more severe heat-shock conditions the activity of several initiation factors is compromised.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	157-162
9653130-2	1998	Large Kir 3.1-dependent currents generated in response to the corresponding chemokines (SDF-1alpha for CXCR4 and MIP-1alpha; MIP-1beta and RANTES for CCR5) were blocked by pertussis toxin, suggesting involvement of inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	226-244	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3	Homo sapiens	6-13
9877232-2	1998	Since guanine nucleotides play critical role(s) in GTP-binding protein (G-protein)-mediated signal transduction mechanisms in retina, we quantitated NDP kinase activity in subcellular fraction-derived from normal rat retina.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-25	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	149-159
9679139-4	1998	Association of AP-3 with membranes in vitro was enhanced by GTPgammaS and inhibited by brefeldin A (BFA), an inhibitor of ARF1 guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
9671726-1	1998	ADP-ribosylation factor domain protein 1 (ARD1) is a member of the ADP ribosylation factor (ARF) family of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that differs from other ARFs by the presence of a 46-kDa amino-terminal extension which acts as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for its ARF domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	tripartite motif containing 23	Homo sapiens	0-40
9671726-1	1998	ADP-ribosylation factor domain protein 1 (ARD1) is a member of the ADP ribosylation factor (ARF) family of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that differs from other ARFs by the presence of a 46-kDa amino-terminal extension which acts as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for its ARF domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	tripartite motif containing 23	Homo sapiens	42-46
9653130-2	1998	Large Kir 3.1-dependent currents generated in response to the corresponding chemokines (SDF-1alpha for CXCR4 and MIP-1alpha; MIP-1beta and RANTES for CCR5) were blocked by pertussis toxin, suggesting involvement of inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	226-244	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	103-108
9653130-2	1998	Large Kir 3.1-dependent currents generated in response to the corresponding chemokines (SDF-1alpha for CXCR4 and MIP-1alpha; MIP-1beta and RANTES for CCR5) were blocked by pertussis toxin, suggesting involvement of inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	226-244	C-C motif chemokine ligand 3	Homo sapiens	113-123
9653130-2	1998	Large Kir 3.1-dependent currents generated in response to the corresponding chemokines (SDF-1alpha for CXCR4 and MIP-1alpha; MIP-1beta and RANTES for CCR5) were blocked by pertussis toxin, suggesting involvement of inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	226-244	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	125-134
9653130-2	1998	Large Kir 3.1-dependent currents generated in response to the corresponding chemokines (SDF-1alpha for CXCR4 and MIP-1alpha; MIP-1beta and RANTES for CCR5) were blocked by pertussis toxin, suggesting involvement of inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	226-244	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	139-145
9653130-2	1998	Large Kir 3.1-dependent currents generated in response to the corresponding chemokines (SDF-1alpha for CXCR4 and MIP-1alpha; MIP-1beta and RANTES for CCR5) were blocked by pertussis toxin, suggesting involvement of inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	226-244	C-C motif chemokine receptor 5	Homo sapiens	150-154
9722985-5	1998	This mutation causes striking sequence similarity with the guanine nucleotide binding domain of c-H-ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	96-103
9642217-2	1998	Expression of a Cdc42 mutant (Cdc42(F28L)) that undergoes spontaneous activation (guanine nucleotide exchange) results in transformation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	16-21
9642217-2	1998	Expression of a Cdc42 mutant (Cdc42(F28L)) that undergoes spontaneous activation (guanine nucleotide exchange) results in transformation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	30-35
9649435-0	1998	A glutamic finger in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARNO displaces Mg2+ and the beta-phosphate to destabilize GDP on ARF1.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
9649435-0	1998	A glutamic finger in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARNO displaces Mg2+ and the beta-phosphate to destabilize GDP on ARF1.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
9594015-8	1998	The inhibitory action of A-II may therefore involve AT1 receptors/PTX-sensitive, guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins (Gi)/adenylate cyclase and partially explains the A-II-dependent accentuated antagonism of inotropy.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Cavia porcellus	52-55
9675071-0	1998	Expression, purification, and spectroscopic studies of the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of human elongation factor, EF-1beta.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	122-130
9675071-1	1998	Two guanine nucleotide exchange domains, corresponding to the C-terminal region of the human translational elongation factor EF-1beta (which consists of 225 amino acids), were produced by DNA recombinant overexpression techniques in Escherichia coli.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	125-133
9636052-1	1998	Invertebrate visual signal transduction is initiated by rhodopsin activation of a guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gq, which stimulates phospholipase C (PLC) activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	56-65
9641916-0	1998	Direct stimulation of the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of p115 RhoGEF by Galpha13.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-77
9641916-0	1998	Direct stimulation of the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of p115 RhoGEF by Galpha13.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	81-89
9699463-4	1998	After guanine nucleotide exchange, Mg2+ coordination is restored to complete the conformational switch to the active GTP-bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	35-38
9624189-1	1998	ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), 20-kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins named for their ability to activate cholera toxin (CT) ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, have a critical role in vesicular transport and activate a phospholipase D (PLD) isoform.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	223-238
9624189-1	1998	ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), 20-kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins named for their ability to activate cholera toxin (CT) ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, have a critical role in vesicular transport and activate a phospholipase D (PLD) isoform.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	240-243
9614114-0	1998	Mutations at the domain interface of GSalpha impair receptor-mediated activation by altering receptor and guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	37-44
9640542-2	1998	Ran is thought to be primarily bound to GTP in the nucleus and to GDP in the cytoplasm, as a result of the assymetric distribution of factors that interact with Ran to promote guanine nucleotide exchange (in the nucleus) and GTP hydrolysis (in the cytoplasm).	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
9640542-2	1998	Ran is thought to be primarily bound to GTP in the nucleus and to GDP in the cytoplasm, as a result of the assymetric distribution of factors that interact with Ran to promote guanine nucleotide exchange (in the nucleus) and GTP hydrolysis (in the cytoplasm).	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	161-164
9582312-0	1998	Regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange through phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Rattus norvegicus	98-107
9798784-0	1998	Multiple phosphorylation sites and quaternary organization of guanine-nucleotide exchange complex of elongation factor-1 (EF-1betagammadelta/ValRS) control the various functions of EF-1alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	valyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	141-146
9798784-0	1998	Multiple phosphorylation sites and quaternary organization of guanine-nucleotide exchange complex of elongation factor-1 (EF-1betagammadelta/ValRS) control the various functions of EF-1alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	181-190
9798784-1	1998	The eukaryotic guanine-nucleotide exchange factor commonly called elongation factor-1 betagammadelta (EF-1betagammadelta), comprises four different subunits including valyl-tRNA synthetase (EF-1betagammadelta/ValRS).	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	valyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	167-188
9798784-1	1998	The eukaryotic guanine-nucleotide exchange factor commonly called elongation factor-1 betagammadelta (EF-1betagammadelta), comprises four different subunits including valyl-tRNA synthetase (EF-1betagammadelta/ValRS).	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	valyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	209-214
9628477-2	1998	Among the effectors of Ras are the Raf kinase and RalGDS, a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator specific for Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	35-38
9628477-2	1998	Among the effectors of Ras are the Raf kinase and RalGDS, a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator specific for Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	50-56
9628477-2	1998	Among the effectors of Ras are the Raf kinase and RalGDS, a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator specific for Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	50-53
9585556-1	1998	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) activate Ras proteins by stimulating the exchange of GTP for GDP in a multistep mechanism which involves binary and ternary complexes between Ras, guanine nucleotide, and GEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	190-208	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	37-40
9659399-3	1998	Recombinant mGBP3 protein, expressed using a baculovirus expression system, binds to agarose-immobilized guanine nucleotides (GTP, GDP and GMP).	Guanine Nucleotides	105-124	guanylate binding protein 3	Mus musculus	12-17
9582312-2	1998	The guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF2B plays a key regulatory role in the translation initiation phase of protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
9582312-8	1998	Both the five- and four-subunit forms of eIF2B exhibit similar rates of guanine nucleotide exchange activity using unphosphorylated eIF2 as substrate.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	41-46
9582312-10	1998	In contrast, eIF2B lacking the alpha-subunit is insensitive to inhibition by eIF2(alphaP) and is able to exchange guanine nucleotide using eIF2(alphaP) as substrate at a faster rate compared with five-subunit eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
9627117-2	1998	Here we report the cloning and initial characterization of a novel protein, Brx, that contains a region of identity to the oncogenic Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange (Rho-GEF) protein Lbc, and a unique region capable of binding to nuclear hormone receptors, including the ER.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	cysteine rich hydrophobic domain 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
9601640-3	1998	We have studied the events underlying cap formation using mice bearing a null mutation in vav (vav-/-), a gene that encodes a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	90-93
9601640-3	1998	We have studied the events underlying cap formation using mice bearing a null mutation in vav (vav-/-), a gene that encodes a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	95-102
9601640-3	1998	We have studied the events underlying cap formation using mice bearing a null mutation in vav (vav-/-), a gene that encodes a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	176-179
9566869-10	1998	This activation mechanism correlates with the activation mechanism of the small GTPase Rap1, a putative upstream regulator of Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	87-91
9566869-10	1998	This activation mechanism correlates with the activation mechanism of the small GTPase Rap1, a putative upstream regulator of Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	126-129
9632136-1	1998	A fragment consisting of residues 584-1071 of the mouse Son-of-sevenless 1 (mSos1) protein was found to be sufficient for stimulation of the guanine nucleotide exchange of Ras in vitro, which defines the CDC25 homology (CDC25H) domain of mSos1.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	56-74
9632136-1	1998	A fragment consisting of residues 584-1071 of the mouse Son-of-sevenless 1 (mSos1) protein was found to be sufficient for stimulation of the guanine nucleotide exchange of Ras in vitro, which defines the CDC25 homology (CDC25H) domain of mSos1.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	76-81
9632136-1	1998	A fragment consisting of residues 584-1071 of the mouse Son-of-sevenless 1 (mSos1) protein was found to be sufficient for stimulation of the guanine nucleotide exchange of Ras in vitro, which defines the CDC25 homology (CDC25H) domain of mSos1.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	204-209
9553137-6	1998	IRS-4 was found to be associated with two src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing proteins, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Grb2, the adaptor to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	insulin receptor substrate 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
9553081-3	1998	The basal mechanism of eEF1A alone is determined under physiological conditions with the critical finding that glycerol and guanine nucleotide are required to prevent protein aggregation and loss of enzymatic activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
9553081-5	1998	When eEF1A binds to F-actin, there is a 7-fold decrease in the affinity for guanine nucleotide and an increase of 35% in the rate of GTP hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	5-10
9545275-1	1998	Ras proteins are guanine-nucleotide binding proteins that have a low intrinsic GTPase activity that is enhanced 10(5)-fold by the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) p120-GAP and neurofibromin.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	164-172
9545275-1	1998	Ras proteins are guanine-nucleotide binding proteins that have a low intrinsic GTPase activity that is enhanced 10(5)-fold by the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) p120-GAP and neurofibromin.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	177-190
9545299-12	1998	These structural differences provide an insight into specific interaction sites with the effectors, as well as with modulators such as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
9531600-9	1998	These results indicate that inhibition of the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides blocks the transition of normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes from G0 to S phase in early- to mid-G1 and that this cell cycle arrest results from inhibition of the induction of cyclin D/CDK6 kinase and the elimination of p27(Kip1) inhibitory activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-86	cyclin dependent kinase 6	Homo sapiens	274-278
9553137-6	1998	IRS-4 was found to be associated with two src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing proteins, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Grb2, the adaptor to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	125-129
9531600-9	1998	These results indicate that inhibition of the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides blocks the transition of normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes from G0 to S phase in early- to mid-G1 and that this cell cycle arrest results from inhibition of the induction of cyclin D/CDK6 kinase and the elimination of p27(Kip1) inhibitory activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-86	dynactin subunit 6	Homo sapiens	309-312
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-54
9531600-9	1998	These results indicate that inhibition of the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides blocks the transition of normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes from G0 to S phase in early- to mid-G1 and that this cell cycle arrest results from inhibition of the induction of cyclin D/CDK6 kinase and the elimination of p27(Kip1) inhibitory activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-86	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	313-317
9539714-0	1998	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange activity of Sec7 domain from yeast Sec7 with yeast and mammalian ADP ribosylation factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	62-66
9539714-0	1998	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange activity of Sec7 domain from yeast Sec7 with yeast and mammalian ADP ribosylation factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	85-89
9550703-2	1998	ARNO is a member of the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ARFs which includes cytohesin-1 and GRP-1 [2] [3-5].	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	glutamine repeat protein 1	Mus musculus	110-115
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-95
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-95
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 1	Homo sapiens	113-116
9550702-2	1998	Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9].	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RLF zinc finger	Homo sapiens	121-124
9550703-2	1998	ARNO is a member of the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ARFs which includes cytohesin-1 and GRP-1 [2] [3-5].	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	cytohesin 2	Mus musculus	0-4
9550703-2	1998	ARNO is a member of the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ARFs which includes cytohesin-1 and GRP-1 [2] [3-5].	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	cytohesin 1	Mus musculus	94-105
9551090-1	1998	Phosducin-like protein (PhLP) and phosducin are highly homologous proteins that interact with the beta gamma subunits of guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	phosducin-like	Mus musculus	24-28
9575840-5	1998	The regulation of CCK-AR and CCK-BR affinity by guanine nucleotides and the receptor activation of G protein-dependent stimulation of phospholipase C and adenylyl cyclase suggested that they were guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptors [G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)]; however, the eventual cloning of their cDNAs revealed their heptahelical structure and confirmed their membership in the GPCR superfamily.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-67	cholecystokinin A receptor	Homo sapiens	18-24
9575840-5	1998	The regulation of CCK-AR and CCK-BR affinity by guanine nucleotides and the receptor activation of G protein-dependent stimulation of phospholipase C and adenylyl cyclase suggested that they were guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptors [G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)]; however, the eventual cloning of their cDNAs revealed their heptahelical structure and confirmed their membership in the GPCR superfamily.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-67	cholecystokinin B receptor	Homo sapiens	29-35
9559647-5	1998	Furthermore, small G-proteins were found to be involved in the regulation of PLD activity in HaCaT cells using the guanine nucleotide analogue GTPgammaS.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	77-80
9494111-0	1998	Guanine nucleotide-dependent translocation of RhoA from cytosol to high affinity membrane binding sites in human erythrocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	46-50
9514644-9	1998	Taken together, these results indicate that both PPMT and PIMT activities are regulated by guanine nucleotides in brush border membranes of rat kidney.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-110	isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
9514644-9	1998	Taken together, these results indicate that both PPMT and PIMT activities are regulated by guanine nucleotides in brush border membranes of rat kidney.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-110	protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-62
9490725-6	1998	RhoGDI, a guanine-nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for the Rho family, inhibits phosphoinositide-induced actin assembly, suggesting the involvement of the Rho family small G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	0-6
9482864-5	1998	These results indicate that it is necessary to reconsider the assumed role of fluoride in stabilizing a variety of other GTPase-GAP interactions where the requirement for aluminum or guanine nucleotide has not yet been addressed.	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	Rho GTPase activating protein 35	Homo sapiens	128-131
9504913-3	1998	Their genetic interaction with the spi1p GTPase system was established by showing that the spi1p guanine nucleotide exchange factor mutant pim1-d1ts was hypersensitive to their overexpression.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	Spi-1 proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	35-40
9488656-5	1998	Overexpression of EDG-1 induced exaggerated cell-cell aggregation, enhanced expression of cadherins, and formation of well-developed adherens junctions in a manner dependent on SPP and the small guanine nucleotide binding protein Rho.	Guanine Nucleotides	195-213	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
9523702-5	1998	It has therefore been hypothesized that SAP97 plays an essential role in cellular signaling by regulating the guanine nucleotide pools at synaptic junctions.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 1	Homo sapiens	40-45
9541638-7	1998	Hprt mutations in malathion-treated cells arose preferentially at G:C basepairs, which is consistent with earlier reports that malathion alkylates guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	147-166	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
9504913-3	1998	Their genetic interaction with the spi1p GTPase system was established by showing that the spi1p guanine nucleotide exchange factor mutant pim1-d1ts was hypersensitive to their overexpression.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	Spi-1 proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	91-96
9504913-3	1998	Their genetic interaction with the spi1p GTPase system was established by showing that the spi1p guanine nucleotide exchange factor mutant pim1-d1ts was hypersensitive to their overexpression.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	139-143
9447984-3	1998	Using human Sos1 (hSos1) truncation mutants, we show that Sos proteins lacking either the amino or the carboxyl terminus domain, or both, display a guanine nucleotide exchange activity that is significantly higher compared with that of the full-length protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	12-16
9447984-3	1998	Using human Sos1 (hSos1) truncation mutants, we show that Sos proteins lacking either the amino or the carboxyl terminus domain, or both, display a guanine nucleotide exchange activity that is significantly higher compared with that of the full-length protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
9447984-6	1998	The guanine nucleotide exchange activity of hSos1 was not augmented by growth factor stimulation, indicating that Sos activity is constitutively maintained in a downregulated state.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
9447984-6	1998	The guanine nucleotide exchange activity of hSos1 was not augmented by growth factor stimulation, indicating that Sos activity is constitutively maintained in a downregulated state.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
9446619-9	1998	Finally, phosphorylation by protein kinase A of the beta-subunit of eIF2 in the C-terminal portion of the protein increased the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF2B, whereas phosphorylation by casein kinase II or protein kinase C was without effect.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	68-72
9446619-9	1998	Finally, phosphorylation by protein kinase A of the beta-subunit of eIF2 in the C-terminal portion of the protein increased the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF2B, whereas phosphorylation by casein kinase II or protein kinase C was without effect.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	168-173
9446627-6	1998	We hypothesize that [D-Arg1,D-Phe5,D-Trp7,9, Leu11]substance P acts as a biased agonist on neuropeptide and related receptors, activating certain guanine nucleotide-binding proteins through the receptor, but not others.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	arginase 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
9446627-6	1998	We hypothesize that [D-Arg1,D-Phe5,D-Trp7,9, Leu11]substance P acts as a biased agonist on neuropeptide and related receptors, activating certain guanine nucleotide-binding proteins through the receptor, but not others.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	51-62
9430727-6	1998	Selective activation of a single Ras homologue by Ras-GRF/Cdc25Mm or other Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors could potentially enable each of the Ras homologues to participate in different signal transduction pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	54-57
9438848-1	1998	Mitogen stimulation of cytoskeletal changes and c-jun amino-terminal kinases is mediated by Rac small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	48-53
9442017-0	1998	Regulation of GRP1-catalyzed ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	Rud3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
9442017-4	1998	Further, the Sec7 domain of GRP1 is found to catalyze guanine nucleotide exchange of ARF1 and -5 but not ARF6.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
9442017-4	1998	Further, the Sec7 domain of GRP1 is found to catalyze guanine nucleotide exchange of ARF1 and -5 but not ARF6.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Rud3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-32
9442017-4	1998	Further, the Sec7 domain of GRP1 is found to catalyze guanine nucleotide exchange of ARF1 and -5 but not ARF6.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	85-96
9464532-1	1998	Trio contains two functional guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) domains for the Rho-like GTPases and a serine/threonine kinase domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
9422735-7	1998	The guanine nucleotide exchange on Rac was increased by addition of GTPgammaS-loaded Gialpha2 or Gbeta1gamma2 to neutrophil cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
9430657-2	1998	Recently we have reported that the adaptor protein Crk transmits signals to c-Jun kinase (JNK) through C3G, a guanine-nucleotide exchange protein for the Ras family of small G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	CRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	51-54
9430657-2	1998	Recently we have reported that the adaptor protein Crk transmits signals to c-Jun kinase (JNK) through C3G, a guanine-nucleotide exchange protein for the Ras family of small G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	76-88
9430657-2	1998	Recently we have reported that the adaptor protein Crk transmits signals to c-Jun kinase (JNK) through C3G, a guanine-nucleotide exchange protein for the Ras family of small G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	90-93
9430657-2	1998	Recently we have reported that the adaptor protein Crk transmits signals to c-Jun kinase (JNK) through C3G, a guanine-nucleotide exchange protein for the Ras family of small G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	103-106
9427626-4	1998	We have purified this cytosolic component and shown it to be a complex of Rab5 and GDI (guanine-nucleotide dissociation inhibitor), that was previously demonstrated to be involved in downstream processing of endocytic vesicles.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	74-78
9493567-3	1998	The following data indicated that hSPR in Sf9 membranes is coupled to endogenous G proteins: 1) binding of agonist radioligand [125I]BHSP to the receptor was sensitive to guanine nucleotides; and 2) stimulation of the receptor increased [35S]GTPgammaS binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-190	sepiapterin reductase	Homo sapiens	34-38
9434775-5	1997	Triggering of the T cell receptor (TCR) perturbs the guanine nucleotide binding cycle of p21ras and in turn induces phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK).	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	89-95
9436988-1	1998	We have proposed that reduced activity of inosine-5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPD; IMP:NAD oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14), the rate-limiting enzyme for guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, in response to wild-type p53 expression, is essential for p53-dependent growth suppression.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	42-80
9436988-1	1998	We have proposed that reduced activity of inosine-5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPD; IMP:NAD oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14), the rate-limiting enzyme for guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, in response to wild-type p53 expression, is essential for p53-dependent growth suppression.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
9436988-1	1998	We have proposed that reduced activity of inosine-5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPD; IMP:NAD oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14), the rate-limiting enzyme for guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, in response to wild-type p53 expression, is essential for p53-dependent growth suppression.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	213-216
9436988-1	1998	We have proposed that reduced activity of inosine-5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPD; IMP:NAD oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14), the rate-limiting enzyme for guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, in response to wild-type p53 expression, is essential for p53-dependent growth suppression.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	246-249
9680974-3	1998	Dominant negative forms of cpSRP54 altered in single amino acids within the conserved guanine nucleotide binding domain were expressed in Arabidopsis.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	chloroplast signal recognition particle 54 kDa subunit	Arabidopsis thaliana	27-34
9428514-2	1997	In a genetic screen for Rho signaling pathway components in Drosophila, we identified a gene, DRhoGEF2, that encodes a predicted Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Drosophila melanogaster	94-102
9395506-2	1997	The Ras-dependent activation of Erk kinases by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is thought to involve tyrosine phosphorylation of docking proteins that serve as scaffolds for the plasma membrane recruitment of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors, such as the Grb2-mSos complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	217-235	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
9425278-0	1997	Molecular cloning and characterization of CDEP, a novel human protein containing the ezrin-like domain of the band 4.1 superfamily and the Dbl homology domain of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	FERM, ARH/RhoGEF and pleckstrin domain protein 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
9395506-2	1997	The Ras-dependent activation of Erk kinases by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is thought to involve tyrosine phosphorylation of docking proteins that serve as scaffolds for the plasma membrane recruitment of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors, such as the Grb2-mSos complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	217-235	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	266-270
9419973-1	1997	Members of the Dbl-homology (DH) family of proteins promote guanine nucleotide exchange on Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	15-18
9398678-4	1997	T42A-Ran binds guanine nucleotides as well as wild-type Ran and responds as well as wild-type Ran to GTP or GDP exchange stimulated by the Ran-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-34	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	5-8
9398678-4	1997	T42A-Ran binds guanine nucleotides as well as wild-type Ran and responds as well as wild-type Ran to GTP or GDP exchange stimulated by the Ran-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	5-8
9335552-8	1997	Addition of purified G protein subunits to membranes containing 5-HT1D receptors caused a small increase in affinity for agonist that was only partially reversed by guanine nucleotides while the addition of purified G protein subunits to membranes containing 5-HT1E receptors had no affect on agonist binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	165-184	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Homo sapiens	64-70
9362489-3	1997	Rlf exhibits guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards the small GTPase Ral and, importantly, Rlf-induced Ral activation is stimulated by active Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	rearranged L-myc fusion sequence	Mus musculus	0-3
9362489-3	1997	Rlf exhibits guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards the small GTPase Ral and, importantly, Rlf-induced Ral activation is stimulated by active Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	75-78
9362489-3	1997	Rlf exhibits guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards the small GTPase Ral and, importantly, Rlf-induced Ral activation is stimulated by active Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	rearranged L-myc fusion sequence	Mus musculus	97-100
9362489-3	1997	Rlf exhibits guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards the small GTPase Ral and, importantly, Rlf-induced Ral activation is stimulated by active Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	109-112
9345299-0	1997	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF-2 by eIF-2B: is it a sequential or substituted enzyme mechanism?	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	44-49
9345299-0	1997	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF-2 by eIF-2B: is it a sequential or substituted enzyme mechanism?	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	53-59
9345299-1	1997	The mechanism of action of the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B in catalyzing the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to eIF-2 is uncertain--evidence having been adduced for a sequential mechanism and for a substituted enzyme mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-116	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	60-66
9345299-1	1997	The mechanism of action of the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B in catalyzing the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to eIF-2 is uncertain--evidence having been adduced for a sequential mechanism and for a substituted enzyme mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-116	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	60-65
9348536-2	1997	RanBP1 is a highly conserved Ran guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAN binding protein 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	0-6
9315840-3	1997	Here, we characterize the kinetics and equilibrium of the interaction between Ran and RanBP1 by two independent biophysical approaches: fluorescence spectroscopy using analogues of guanine nucleotides and surface plasmon resonance in the BIAcore system.	Guanine Nucleotides	181-200	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	78-81
9315840-3	1997	Here, we characterize the kinetics and equilibrium of the interaction between Ran and RanBP1 by two independent biophysical approaches: fluorescence spectroscopy using analogues of guanine nucleotides and surface plasmon resonance in the BIAcore system.	Guanine Nucleotides	181-200	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	86-92
9328281-1	1997	Phosphorylation of serine 51 residue in the alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha) impairs the guanine nucleotide exchange (GNE) activity of eIF2B protein and thereby inhibits protein synthesis in mammalian systems, insects and yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	93-102
9328281-1	1997	Phosphorylation of serine 51 residue in the alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha) impairs the guanine nucleotide exchange (GNE) activity of eIF2B protein and thereby inhibits protein synthesis in mammalian systems, insects and yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	162-167
9328281-3	1997	Interestingly purified wheat germ eIF2 (WG x eIF2) can exchange guanine nucleotides in vitro without the addition of any protein factor like eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-83	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	34-38
9328281-3	1997	Interestingly purified wheat germ eIF2 (WG x eIF2) can exchange guanine nucleotides in vitro without the addition of any protein factor like eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-83	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	45-49
9328353-6	1997	Incubation in the presence of high doses of guanine nucleotide partially prevented heat denaturation of G(S alpha) deltaS250 but had no protective effect on G(S alpha-S250R.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	104-113
9348536-2	1997	RanBP1 is a highly conserved Ran guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	0-3
9305844-1	1997	A variety of extracellular signals are transduced across the cell membrane by the enzyme phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C-beta (PLC-beta) coupled with guanine-nucleotide-binding G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	phospholipase C, beta 1	Mus musculus	137-145
9305861-4	1997	cAMP also prevents guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA, a small GTP-binding protein of the rho subfamily, which is activated in seconds by chemoattractants.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	50-54
9252412-2	1997	Moreover, a Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor has been shown to cause Rab3A to dissociate from synaptic membranes in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	12-15
9285789-0	1997	Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) binds to a Trio-like polypeptide, with a rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	huntingtin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-31
9285789-0	1997	Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) binds to a Trio-like polypeptide, with a rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	huntingtin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
9285789-0	1997	Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) binds to a Trio-like polypeptide, with a rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
9316880-9	1997	These data suggest that alterations in the beta1-adrenoceptor-linked stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein-adenylyl cyclase pathway due to X plus XO are biphasic in nature and these changes may likely be due to the formation of H2O2.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	adrenoceptor beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-61
9252412-2	1997	Moreover, a Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor has been shown to cause Rab3A to dissociate from synaptic membranes in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	82-87
9252412-4	1997	Like Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, it forms a 1:1 complex with Rab3A that requires both the lipidated C terminus of Rab3A and the presence of bound guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	5-8
9252412-4	1997	Like Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, it forms a 1:1 complex with Rab3A that requires both the lipidated C terminus of Rab3A and the presence of bound guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	80-85
9252412-4	1997	Like Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, it forms a 1:1 complex with Rab3A that requires both the lipidated C terminus of Rab3A and the presence of bound guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	133-138
9252412-6	1997	However, Ca2+/calmodulin"s effect differs from that of Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor not only in being Ca2+-dependent but also in having a less stringent requirement for GDP as opposed to GTP and in involving a less complete dissociation of Rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-58
9252412-6	1997	However, Ca2+/calmodulin"s effect differs from that of Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor not only in being Ca2+-dependent but also in having a less stringent requirement for GDP as opposed to GTP and in involving a less complete dissociation of Rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	257-262
9252412-7	1997	The functional significance in vivo of Ca2+/calmodulin"s effect remains to be determined; it may depend in part on the relative amounts of Ca2+/calmodulin and Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor that are available for binding to Rab3A in individual, activated nerve termini.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	159-162
9252412-7	1997	The functional significance in vivo of Ca2+/calmodulin"s effect remains to be determined; it may depend in part on the relative amounts of Ca2+/calmodulin and Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor that are available for binding to Rab3A in individual, activated nerve termini.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	239-244
9280203-3	1997	ANP-A and ANP-B receptors are guanylyl cyclase receptors, whereas ANP-C receptors are coupled to adenylyl cyclase inhibition or phospholipase C activation through inhibitory guanine nucleotide-regulating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-192	natriuretic peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
9235896-1	1997	The alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF-2B), a guanine nucleotide exchange protein that functions in regulation of translation, was observed to associate with the carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic domains of the alpha2A- and alpha2B-adrenergic receptors in a yeast two-hybrid screen of a cDNA library prepared from 293 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	54-60
9280203-3	1997	ANP-A and ANP-B receptors are guanylyl cyclase receptors, whereas ANP-C receptors are coupled to adenylyl cyclase inhibition or phospholipase C activation through inhibitory guanine nucleotide-regulating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-192	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	0-3
9253406-1	1997	The Ras-interacting domains of the the protein-kinase Raf and the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, RalGDS, lack extensive sequence similarity, but their overall three-dimensional structures are very similar to each other.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	54-57
9218467-7	1997	These results imply an in vivo role for Dss4p as a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	guanine nucleotide exchange factor DSS4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	40-45
9253406-1	1997	The Ras-interacting domains of the the protein-kinase Raf and the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, RalGDS, lack extensive sequence similarity, but their overall three-dimensional structures are very similar to each other.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	66-69
9253406-1	1997	The Ras-interacting domains of the the protein-kinase Raf and the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, RalGDS, lack extensive sequence similarity, but their overall three-dimensional structures are very similar to each other.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	114-120
9365783-1	1997	RALGDS is a 115 kDa protein which was identified by its ability to enhance guanine nucleotide exchange for the ras family member ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	0-6
9218482-13	1997	Phosphorylation of p14/p18 in membranes treated with guanine nucleotides correlated with a concurrent reduction in the activation of PDE-5 by PKA.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-72	ribonuclease P/MRP subunit p14	Homo sapiens	19-22
9218482-13	1997	Phosphorylation of p14/p18 in membranes treated with guanine nucleotides correlated with a concurrent reduction in the activation of PDE-5 by PKA.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-72	H3 histone pseudogene 12	Homo sapiens	23-26
9218482-13	1997	Phosphorylation of p14/p18 in membranes treated with guanine nucleotides correlated with a concurrent reduction in the activation of PDE-5 by PKA.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-72	phosphodiesterase 5A	Homo sapiens	133-138
9233772-0	1997	A giant protein that stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and Rab proteins forms a cytosolic ternary complex with clathrin and Hsp70.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
9233772-0	1997	A giant protein that stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and Rab proteins forms a cytosolic ternary complex with clathrin and Hsp70.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	137-142
9233772-1	1997	We have recently identified an unusually large human protein that stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and Rab proteins (EMBO J 15: 4262-4273, 1996).	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
9233772-2	1997	This protein, designated p532 based on its predicted molecular weight (EMBO J 15: 5738, 1996), contains multiple structural domains including two regions of seven internal repeats highly related to the cell cycle regulator RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTP-binding protein Ran, seven beta-repeat domains characteristic of the beta subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins, three putative SH3 binding sites, a putative leucine-zipper and a carboxy-terminal HECT domain characteristic of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases.	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
9233772-2	1997	This protein, designated p532 based on its predicted molecular weight (EMBO J 15: 5738, 1996), contains multiple structural domains including two regions of seven internal repeats highly related to the cell cycle regulator RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTP-binding protein Ran, seven beta-repeat domains characteristic of the beta subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins, three putative SH3 binding sites, a putative leucine-zipper and a carboxy-terminal HECT domain characteristic of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases.	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	223-227
9200440-1	1997	The molecular adapter c-Cbl is rapidly tyrosine phosphorylated following stimulation through the TCR and associates with Src homology domain-2 (SH2)/SH3 domain-containing adapters such as Grb2, Crk, and Crk-L, which interact with guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for the Ras family.	Guanine Nucleotides	230-248	Casitas B-lineage lymphoma	Mus musculus	22-27
9215891-9	1997	Our findings suggest that the guanine nucleotide-binding Cin4p interacts with Cin1p and regulates its tubulin folding activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Arf family GTPase CIN4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-62
9215891-9	1997	Our findings suggest that the guanine nucleotide-binding Cin4p interacts with Cin1p and regulates its tubulin folding activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Cin1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-83
9200440-1	1997	The molecular adapter c-Cbl is rapidly tyrosine phosphorylated following stimulation through the TCR and associates with Src homology domain-2 (SH2)/SH3 domain-containing adapters such as Grb2, Crk, and Crk-L, which interact with guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for the Ras family.	Guanine Nucleotides	230-248	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Mus musculus	188-192
9200440-1	1997	The molecular adapter c-Cbl is rapidly tyrosine phosphorylated following stimulation through the TCR and associates with Src homology domain-2 (SH2)/SH3 domain-containing adapters such as Grb2, Crk, and Crk-L, which interact with guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for the Ras family.	Guanine Nucleotides	230-248	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	203-206
9202122-4	1997	Their serum leptin levels were very low despite their markedly elevated fat mass and, in both, a homozygous frame-shift mutation involving the deletion of a single guanine nucleotide in codon 133 of the gene for leptin was found.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	leptin	Homo sapiens	12-18
9202122-4	1997	Their serum leptin levels were very low despite their markedly elevated fat mass and, in both, a homozygous frame-shift mutation involving the deletion of a single guanine nucleotide in codon 133 of the gene for leptin was found.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	leptin	Homo sapiens	212-218
9151726-6	1997	Intracellularly perfused recombinant Rho-GDI (an inhibitor of guanine nucleotide exchange specific for the Rho family) attenuated the inhibition of ICa,V by BK.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	37-44
9219527-12	1997	These results are consistent with a model whereby MobB binds the guanine nucleotide which is attached to molybdopterin during the biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactor.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	relaxase/mobilisation protein MobB	Escherichia coli	50-54
9169411-0	1997	Insulin stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Rab4 via a wortmannin-sensitive signaling pathway in rat adipocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
9169411-2	1997	In the present study, we investigated the insulin effects on the guanine nucleotide exchange on Rab4.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
9169411-4	1997	Addition of insulin resulted in about a 2-fold stimulation of the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Rab4, indicating that insulin stimulated the guanine nucleotide exchange on the GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	95-99
9169411-6	1997	Wortmannin also attenuated the nucleotide binding to Rab4 in the basal cells, suggesting that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity may be essential for regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange on the GTPase and insulin may up-regulate the exchange activity by stimulating the lipid kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
9169411-8	1997	These results suggest that insulin stimulates the guanine nucleotide exchange on Rab4 via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent signaling pathway and that Rab4 is one of possible targets of insulin action on intracellular vesicle traffic in rat adipocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	81-85
9214627-1	1997	Mitogenic G protein-coupled receptors, such as those for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and thrombin, activate the Ras/MAP kinase pathway via pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive Gi, tyrosine kinase activity and recruitment of Grb2, which targets guanine nucleotide exchange activity to Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	coagulation factor II	Rattus norvegicus	89-97
9214627-1	1997	Mitogenic G protein-coupled receptors, such as those for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and thrombin, activate the Ras/MAP kinase pathway via pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive Gi, tyrosine kinase activity and recruitment of Grb2, which targets guanine nucleotide exchange activity to Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	219-223
9236898-2	1997	The ras family of genes consists of three functional genes which encode highly similar, guanine nucleotide-binding, proteins (p21) of 21kDa, with GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	126-129
9115241-3	1997	The interaction is influenced by the guanine nucleotide binding state of Rad with the GDP-bound form exhibiting 5-fold better binding to CaM than the GTP-bound protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	Ras-related associated with diabetes	Mus musculus	73-76
9115241-3	1997	The interaction is influenced by the guanine nucleotide binding state of Rad with the GDP-bound form exhibiting 5-fold better binding to CaM than the GTP-bound protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	calmodulin 2	Mus musculus	137-140
9177482-3	1997	Recombinant Rab29 exhibited rapid exchange of bound guanine nucleotides for radiolabeled GTP but lacked a detectable intrinsic GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-71	RAB29, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	12-17
9177487-7	1997	The EF-Tu x Ts(mt) complex is quite resistant to dissociation by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-84	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
9129019-8	1997	In factor-dependent hematopoietic cell lines, CrkL constitutively associated with the guanine nucleotide release factor, C3G, which is known to interact via Crk src-homology 3 (SH3) domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog-like	Mus musculus	46-50
9195882-3	1997	Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) of the rhoGDI family bind to these G proteins and regulate their activity by preventing nucleotide dissociation and by controlling their interaction with membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	57-63
9143362-1	1997	We studied the relationships between the activation of phospholipase D (PLD) by guanine nucleotides and phorbol esters in permeabilized U937 promonocytes and in solubilized extracts prepared from U937 cell membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-99	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	55-70
9143362-1	1997	We studied the relationships between the activation of phospholipase D (PLD) by guanine nucleotides and phorbol esters in permeabilized U937 promonocytes and in solubilized extracts prepared from U937 cell membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-99	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	72-75
9129019-8	1997	In factor-dependent hematopoietic cell lines, CrkL constitutively associated with the guanine nucleotide release factor, C3G, which is known to interact via Crk src-homology 3 (SH3) domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	121-124
9129019-8	1997	In factor-dependent hematopoietic cell lines, CrkL constitutively associated with the guanine nucleotide release factor, C3G, which is known to interact via Crk src-homology 3 (SH3) domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	46-49
9122199-6	1997	Furthermore, overexpression of a dominant-negative form of C3G lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange domain abolished both the JNK activity and the colony forming potential of v-Crk NIH 3T3 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	59-62
9226297-4	1997	These actions, mediated via an interaction with two major subtypes of cell surface seven-transmembrane receptors (ET(A) and ET(B)), are coupled to their effector systems by several distinct types of guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins (both inhibitory and stimulatory G proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	199-217	endothelin receptor type B	Homo sapiens	124-129
9109662-1	1997	Individual rate constants for the interaction of H-, K-, and N-Ras with GAP-334 and NF1-333 were determined using fluorescent derivatives of guanine nucleotides at the active site of the Ras proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-160	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	61-66
9109662-1	1997	Individual rate constants for the interaction of H-, K-, and N-Ras with GAP-334 and NF1-333 were determined using fluorescent derivatives of guanine nucleotides at the active site of the Ras proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-160	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
9224661-5	1997	GTP rapidly associates with the guanine nucleotide-free form of unmodified Rab3A, but not with the same form of modified Rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	75-80
9224661-7	1997	The association of GTP with the guanine nucleotide-free form of modified Rab3A is stimulated by the Rab3 GDP/GTP exchange protein (Rab3 GEP), and the dissociation of GTP from the GTP-bound form is markedly reduced by synaptic vesicle phospholipid.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-78
9224661-7	1997	The association of GTP with the guanine nucleotide-free form of modified Rab3A is stimulated by the Rab3 GDP/GTP exchange protein (Rab3 GEP), and the dissociation of GTP from the GTP-bound form is markedly reduced by synaptic vesicle phospholipid.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	100-129
9224661-7	1997	The association of GTP with the guanine nucleotide-free form of modified Rab3A is stimulated by the Rab3 GDP/GTP exchange protein (Rab3 GEP), and the dissociation of GTP from the GTP-bound form is markedly reduced by synaptic vesicle phospholipid.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	131-139
9209406-13	1997	It has been reported that Vav has guanine nucleotide exchange activity and activates Ras in vitro and in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
9072969-4	1997	The PH domain of the closely related protein cytohesin-1, which, through its Sec7 homology domain, regulates integrin beta2 and catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange of the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein ARF1, was also found to specifically bind PtdIns(3,4,5)P3.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	cytohesin 1	Mus musculus	45-56
9072969-4	1997	The PH domain of the closely related protein cytohesin-1, which, through its Sec7 homology domain, regulates integrin beta2 and catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange of the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein ARF1, was also found to specifically bind PtdIns(3,4,5)P3.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	77-81
9072969-4	1997	The PH domain of the closely related protein cytohesin-1, which, through its Sec7 homology domain, regulates integrin beta2 and catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange of the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein ARF1, was also found to specifically bind PtdIns(3,4,5)P3.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Mus musculus	214-218
9072969-4	1997	The PH domain of the closely related protein cytohesin-1, which, through its Sec7 homology domain, regulates integrin beta2 and catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange of the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein ARF1, was also found to specifically bind PtdIns(3,4,5)P3.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	cytohesin 1	Mus musculus	45-56
9072969-4	1997	The PH domain of the closely related protein cytohesin-1, which, through its Sec7 homology domain, regulates integrin beta2 and catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange of the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein ARF1, was also found to specifically bind PtdIns(3,4,5)P3.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	77-81
9072969-4	1997	The PH domain of the closely related protein cytohesin-1, which, through its Sec7 homology domain, regulates integrin beta2 and catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange of the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein ARF1, was also found to specifically bind PtdIns(3,4,5)P3.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Mus musculus	214-218
9122224-5	1997	In addition, three guanine nucleotide-binding motifs are essential for CIITA activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	class II major histocompatibility complex transactivator	Homo sapiens	71-76
9122199-6	1997	Furthermore, overexpression of a dominant-negative form of C3G lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange domain abolished both the JNK activity and the colony forming potential of v-Crk NIH 3T3 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Mus musculus	129-132
9122199-6	1997	Furthermore, overexpression of a dominant-negative form of C3G lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange domain abolished both the JNK activity and the colony forming potential of v-Crk NIH 3T3 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	180-183
9032257-0	1997	Homologous segments in three subunits of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B mediate translational regulation by phosphorylation of eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	80-85
9058812-9	1997	Point mutations of the consecutive guanine nucleotides significantly reduced the DNA-binding activity and the TGF-beta-induced promoter activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-54	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	110-118
9032257-0	1997	Homologous segments in three subunits of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B mediate translational regulation by phosphorylation of eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	80-84
9020126-4	1997	Agents that inhibit the Golgi membrane guanine nucleotide exchange factor (the fungal metabolite brefeldin A and trypsin treatment) selectively inhibited the guanine nucleotide exchange on mammalian ARF1.	Guanine Nucleotides	158-176	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	199-203
9030518-0	1997	Residues of the Rho family GTPases Rho and Cdc42 that specify sensitivity to Dbl-like guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	43-48
9030518-0	1997	Residues of the Rho family GTPases Rho and Cdc42 that specify sensitivity to Dbl-like guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	77-80
9030518-1	1997	The Dbl-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Lbc oncoprotein specifically activates the small GTP-binding protein Rho in mammalian fibroblasts to induce transformation and actin stress fiber formation, whereas another Dbl-related molecule, Cdc24, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange of the Rho family GTPase Cdc42 to elicit effects on both gene induction and actin-based cytoskeleton change in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	4-7
9030518-1	1997	The Dbl-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Lbc oncoprotein specifically activates the small GTP-binding protein Rho in mammalian fibroblasts to induce transformation and actin stress fiber formation, whereas another Dbl-related molecule, Cdc24, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange of the Rho family GTPase Cdc42 to elicit effects on both gene induction and actin-based cytoskeleton change in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
9030518-1	1997	The Dbl-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Lbc oncoprotein specifically activates the small GTP-binding protein Rho in mammalian fibroblasts to induce transformation and actin stress fiber formation, whereas another Dbl-related molecule, Cdc24, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange of the Rho family GTPase Cdc42 to elicit effects on both gene induction and actin-based cytoskeleton change in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	227-230
9030518-1	1997	The Dbl-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Lbc oncoprotein specifically activates the small GTP-binding protein Rho in mammalian fibroblasts to induce transformation and actin stress fiber formation, whereas another Dbl-related molecule, Cdc24, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange of the Rho family GTPase Cdc42 to elicit effects on both gene induction and actin-based cytoskeleton change in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	320-325
9020126-1	1997	We have compared the abilities of mammalian ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) 1, 5, and 6 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ARF2 to serve as substrates for the rat liver Golgi membrane guanine nucleotide exchange factor and to initiate the formation of clathrin- and coatomer protein (COP) I-coated vesicles on these membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	178-196	Arf family GTPase ARF2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	117-121
9020126-4	1997	Agents that inhibit the Golgi membrane guanine nucleotide exchange factor (the fungal metabolite brefeldin A and trypsin treatment) selectively inhibited the guanine nucleotide exchange on mammalian ARF1.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	199-203
9020126-9	1997	These data indicate that the specificity for ARF action on the Golgi membranes is primarily determined by the Golgi guanine nucleotide exchange factor, which has a strong preference for myristoylated mammalian ARF1.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
9020151-5	1997	NO-related species stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange on wild-type p21(ras), resulting in an active form, but not on p21(ras)C118S.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
9020151-7	1997	These data indicate that Cys118 is a critical site of redox regulation of p21(ras), and S-nitrosylation of this residue triggers guanine nucleotide exchange and downstream signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
9013573-5	1997	CR-1 was also found to promote an increase in the association of the adaptor Grb2-guanine nucleotide exchange factor-mouse son of sevenless (mSOS) signaling complex with tyrosine-phosphorylated Shc in HC-11 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1	Mus musculus	0-4
9013573-5	1997	CR-1 was also found to promote an increase in the association of the adaptor Grb2-guanine nucleotide exchange factor-mouse son of sevenless (mSOS) signaling complex with tyrosine-phosphorylated Shc in HC-11 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Mus musculus	77-81
9013620-1	1997	Mss4 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that specifically binds to, and promotes GDP-GTP exchange on, a subset of the Rab GTPases (Burton, J. L., Burns, M. E., Gatti, E., Augustine, G. J., and De Camilli, P. (1994) EMBO J.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
9013573-5	1997	CR-1 was also found to promote an increase in the association of the adaptor Grb2-guanine nucleotide exchange factor-mouse son of sevenless (mSOS) signaling complex with tyrosine-phosphorylated Shc in HC-11 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	194-197
9033409-6	1997	We have shown that the inhibition of the GTPase activity of Cdc42Hs, as well as a previously undescribed inhibition of guanine nucleotide dissociation, is mediated by the PBD portion of the mPAK-3 molecule.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 3	Mus musculus	190-196
9574846-9	1997	Thus, our data indicate that the new radioligand [125I]-hCGRP(8-37) is a useful tool for characterizing CGRP receptors and their coupling to guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	56-61
9385043-5	1997	High affinity [125I]BQ3020 binding is reduced in the presence of guanine nucleotides indicating an interaction with high and low affinity states of the ETB receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-84	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	152-155
9574846-9	1997	Thus, our data indicate that the new radioligand [125I]-hCGRP(8-37) is a useful tool for characterizing CGRP receptors and their coupling to guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	57-61
9012677-0	1997	Guanine nucleotide binding properties of Rac2 mutant proteins and analysis of the responsiveness to guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
8999801-3	1997	The still life (sif) gene encodes a protein homologous to guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which convert Rho-like guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) from a guanosine diphosphate-bound inactive state to a guanosine triphosphate-bound active state.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	still life	Drosophila melanogaster	4-14
8999801-3	1997	The still life (sif) gene encodes a protein homologous to guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which convert Rho-like guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) from a guanosine diphosphate-bound inactive state to a guanosine triphosphate-bound active state.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	still life	Drosophila melanogaster	16-19
9012677-3	1997	We have generated and purified such Rac2 mutants and characterized their guanine nucleotide binding properties in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
9012677-7	1997	We show that guanine nucleotide exchange by smgGDS is dependent upon intact switch 1 and switch 2 regions in Rac2.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	44-50
9012677-7	1997	We show that guanine nucleotide exchange by smgGDS is dependent upon intact switch 1 and switch 2 regions in Rac2.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	109-113
9193672-2	1997	The 38-kDa substrate was identified as the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), whereas the 50-kDa substrate (BARS-50) was characterized as a novel guanine nucleotide binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	C-terminal binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-148
9570294-8	1997	Recent studies have also identified a novel signaling pathway initiated by the interaction of mammalian Cbl proteins with the SH2 domains of Crk adaptor molecules, which results in Cbl"s linkage with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Rap1 family of small G-proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	104-107
9570294-8	1997	Recent studies have also identified a novel signaling pathway initiated by the interaction of mammalian Cbl proteins with the SH2 domains of Crk adaptor molecules, which results in Cbl"s linkage with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Rap1 family of small G-proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	CRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	141-144
9570294-8	1997	Recent studies have also identified a novel signaling pathway initiated by the interaction of mammalian Cbl proteins with the SH2 domains of Crk adaptor molecules, which results in Cbl"s linkage with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Rap1 family of small G-proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	247-251
9570294-8	1997	Recent studies have also identified a novel signaling pathway initiated by the interaction of mammalian Cbl proteins with the SH2 domains of Crk adaptor molecules, which results in Cbl"s linkage with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Rap1 family of small G-proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	181-184
9570294-8	1997	Recent studies have also identified a novel signaling pathway initiated by the interaction of mammalian Cbl proteins with the SH2 domains of Crk adaptor molecules, which results in Cbl"s linkage with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Rap1 family of small G-proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	200-203
9000132-3	1996	One mechanism by which BCR-ABL signals in cells is by activating the small guanine nucleotide binding protein Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	23-30
9622053-5	1997	Thus, the output from Crk depends on the SH3-binding proteins, which include the C3G guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Rap1, Abl tyrosine kinase, DOCK180, and the Sos guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	CRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	22-25
9622053-5	1997	Thus, the output from Crk depends on the SH3-binding proteins, which include the C3G guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Rap1, Abl tyrosine kinase, DOCK180, and the Sos guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
9622053-5	1997	Thus, the output from Crk depends on the SH3-binding proteins, which include the C3G guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Rap1, Abl tyrosine kinase, DOCK180, and the Sos guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	125-129
9622053-5	1997	Thus, the output from Crk depends on the SH3-binding proteins, which include the C3G guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Rap1, Abl tyrosine kinase, DOCK180, and the Sos guanine nucleotide exchange protein for Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	CRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	22-25
9121352-1	1997	The role of small molecular weight guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) of the Rho family in muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) signaling to phospholipase C (PLC) and phospholipase D (PLD) was studied in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, stably expressing the human m3 receptor subtype.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	186-201
9121352-1	1997	The role of small molecular weight guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) of the Rho family in muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) signaling to phospholipase C (PLC) and phospholipase D (PLD) was studied in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, stably expressing the human m3 receptor subtype.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	203-206
9210178-6	1997	Our data are consistent with guanine nucleotide binding protein regulation of NPFF receptors positively coupled to adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor	Mus musculus	78-82
8955135-3	1996	Tyrosine phosphorylation led to the association of BCR with the RAS guanine nucleotide exchange complex GRB2-SOS in vivo via the GRB2 SH2 domain, linking BCR to RAS signaling (Maru, Y., Peters, K. L., Afar, D. E. H., Shibuya, M., Witte, O. N., and Smithgall, T. E. (1995) Mol.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	51-54
8955135-3	1996	Tyrosine phosphorylation led to the association of BCR with the RAS guanine nucleotide exchange complex GRB2-SOS in vivo via the GRB2 SH2 domain, linking BCR to RAS signaling (Maru, Y., Peters, K. L., Afar, D. E. H., Shibuya, M., Witte, O. N., and Smithgall, T. E. (1995) Mol.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	104-108
8955135-3	1996	Tyrosine phosphorylation led to the association of BCR with the RAS guanine nucleotide exchange complex GRB2-SOS in vivo via the GRB2 SH2 domain, linking BCR to RAS signaling (Maru, Y., Peters, K. L., Afar, D. E. H., Shibuya, M., Witte, O. N., and Smithgall, T. E. (1995) Mol.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	109-112
8955135-3	1996	Tyrosine phosphorylation led to the association of BCR with the RAS guanine nucleotide exchange complex GRB2-SOS in vivo via the GRB2 SH2 domain, linking BCR to RAS signaling (Maru, Y., Peters, K. L., Afar, D. E. H., Shibuya, M., Witte, O. N., and Smithgall, T. E. (1995) Mol.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	129-133
8955135-3	1996	Tyrosine phosphorylation led to the association of BCR with the RAS guanine nucleotide exchange complex GRB2-SOS in vivo via the GRB2 SH2 domain, linking BCR to RAS signaling (Maru, Y., Peters, K. L., Afar, D. E. H., Shibuya, M., Witte, O. N., and Smithgall, T. E. (1995) Mol.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	154-157
8997256-10	1996	We suggest that, under normoxic conditions, signal transduction via heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins regulates the expression of Mn-SOD at the level of translation and Mn-SOD degradation.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	147-153
8945477-4	1996	Here we identify a protein (Gea1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is a component of a complex possessing guanine-nucleotide-exchange activity for ARF.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-32
8997256-10	1996	We suggest that, under normoxic conditions, signal transduction via heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins regulates the expression of Mn-SOD at the level of translation and Mn-SOD degradation.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	186-192
9115849-8	1996	This inhibition results in reduced guanine nucleotide exchange in p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	66-72
8946960-1	1996	Association reactions of a recombinant CFTR-NBF-2 polypeptide fused to glutathione S-transferase with guanine nucleotides were monitored quantitatively by recording the fluorescence enhancement of excited trinitrophenol (TNP)-labelled GTP after binding to NBF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-121	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	39-43
8910277-1	1996	The RAC guanine nucleotide binding proteins regulate multiple biological activities, including actin polymerization, activation of the Jun kinase (JNK) cascade, and cell proliferation.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Homo sapiens	135-145
8910277-1	1996	The RAC guanine nucleotide binding proteins regulate multiple biological activities, including actin polymerization, activation of the Jun kinase (JNK) cascade, and cell proliferation.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Homo sapiens	147-150
8972906-1	1996	The IRG-47 gene is the prototype for a new family of genes encoding guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins) which are selectively induced in different cell lineages in response to activation signals.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	interferon gamma inducible protein 47	Mus musculus	4-10
8950985-4	1996	In addition, the sensitivity of H-Ras to GRF was abolished when residues 130-139 were replaced by proline-aspartic acid-glutamine, whereas substitution of the entire loop 8 (residues 123-130 replaced by leucine-isoleucine-arginine) had no effect on the stimulation of guanine nucleotide release by GRF.	Guanine Nucleotides	268-286	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	32-37
8950985-4	1996	In addition, the sensitivity of H-Ras to GRF was abolished when residues 130-139 were replaced by proline-aspartic acid-glutamine, whereas substitution of the entire loop 8 (residues 123-130 replaced by leucine-isoleucine-arginine) had no effect on the stimulation of guanine nucleotide release by GRF.	Guanine Nucleotides	268-286	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	41-44
8910430-7	1996	Incubation of rod outer segment membranes with the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide, GTPgammaS (guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate), which released the Gbeta subunit of transducin (Gbeta1), failed to remove Gbeta5L.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 1	Mus musculus	172-182
8910430-7	1996	Incubation of rod outer segment membranes with the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide, GTPgammaS (guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate), which released the Gbeta subunit of transducin (Gbeta1), failed to remove Gbeta5L.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta 5	Mus musculus	210-217
8922375-8	1996	Vesicles bound coatomer in a physiological fashion requiring an ARF1-guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	64-68
8910562-0	1996	A guanine nucleotide-independent inwardly rectifying cation permeability is associated with P2Y1 receptor expression in Xenopus oocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	2-20	purinergic receptor P2Y1	Homo sapiens	92-105
8930393-2	1996	Because the Src homology 3 domain of v-Crk is capable of binding the Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factors Sos and C3G, the contribution of cellular Ras to signaling by v-Crk was evaluated.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	39-42
8887687-3	1996	p21(ras), a guanine nucleotide binding factor, mediates T-cell signal transduction through PKC-dependent and PKC-independent pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
8887643-4	1996	First, we determined that Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (SOS1 and RasGRF/CDC25) synergistically enhanced wild-type TC21 activity in vivo and that Ras GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs; p120-GAP and NF1-GAP) stimulated wild-type TC21 GTP hydrolysis in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	67-71
8887643-4	1996	First, we determined that Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (SOS1 and RasGRF/CDC25) synergistically enhanced wild-type TC21 activity in vivo and that Ras GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs; p120-GAP and NF1-GAP) stimulated wild-type TC21 GTP hydrolysis in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	83-88
8887643-4	1996	First, we determined that Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (SOS1 and RasGRF/CDC25) synergistically enhanced wild-type TC21 activity in vivo and that Ras GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs; p120-GAP and NF1-GAP) stimulated wild-type TC21 GTP hydrolysis in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene 2	Mus musculus	125-129
8887643-4	1996	First, we determined that Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (SOS1 and RasGRF/CDC25) synergistically enhanced wild-type TC21 activity in vivo and that Ras GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs; p120-GAP and NF1-GAP) stimulated wild-type TC21 GTP hydrolysis in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene 2	Mus musculus	237-241
8887687-3	1996	p21(ras), a guanine nucleotide binding factor, mediates T-cell signal transduction through PKC-dependent and PKC-independent pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	91-94
8887687-3	1996	p21(ras), a guanine nucleotide binding factor, mediates T-cell signal transduction through PKC-dependent and PKC-independent pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	109-112
8887689-1	1996	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is a five-subunit complex that catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-43
8887689-1	1996	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is a five-subunit complex that catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	45-50
8887689-1	1996	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is a five-subunit complex that catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	45-49
8810926-1	1996	As a molecular switch, the ras protein p21 undergoes structural changes that couple recognition sites on the protein surface to the guanine nucleotide-divalent metal ion binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
8874220-0	1996	Recombinant human eotaxin induces oxygen radical production, Ca(2+)-mobilization, actin reorganization, and CD11b upregulation in human eosinophils via a pertussis toxin-sensitive heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	195-213	C-C motif chemokine ligand 11	Homo sapiens	18-25
8874220-8	1996	Call responses elicited by Eotaxin were inhibited by pertussis toxin, indicating coupling of its putative receptor to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	C-C motif chemokine ligand 11	Homo sapiens	27-34
8798610-0	1996	Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate provides an alternative to guanine nucleotide exchange factors by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from Cdc42Hs.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	145-152
8798610-6	1996	PIP2, when incorporated into phosphatidylcholine carrier vesicles, binds tightly to the guanine nucleotide-depleted form of Cdc42Hs and weakly to the GDP-bound form of the GTP-binding protein but does not bind to GTP-bound Cdc42Hs, similar to what was observed for the Dbl oncoprotein.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	124-131
8810926-4	1996	We report high frequency (139.5 GHz) EPR spectroscopy of p21.Mn(II) complexes of two guanine nucleotides that probes the link between threonine-35 and the divalent metal ion.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-104	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	57-60
8836150-2	1996	We now show that the ability of a Rab1B mutant [Q67L (Gln-67-->Leu)] with reduced intrinsic GTPase activity to undergo geranylgeranylation in cell-free assays depends on the guanine nucleotide composition of the system.	Guanine Nucleotides	177-195	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	34-39
15299618-0	1996	Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the Ras binding domain of RalGDS, a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator of the Ral protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	87-93
8808695-6	1996	Several amino acid substitutions that reduce the affinity of RAS2 for guanine nucleotides apparently elevate the fraction of nucleotide-free RAS2, which has greater CDC25 affinity.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-89	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	61-65
8808695-6	1996	Several amino acid substitutions that reduce the affinity of RAS2 for guanine nucleotides apparently elevate the fraction of nucleotide-free RAS2, which has greater CDC25 affinity.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-89	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	141-145
8808695-6	1996	Several amino acid substitutions that reduce the affinity of RAS2 for guanine nucleotides apparently elevate the fraction of nucleotide-free RAS2, which has greater CDC25 affinity.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-89	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	165-170
8702968-4	1996	Another cytosolic protein, with an apparent molecular mass of 175 kDa (p175), was also found to interact with Cdc42, but this association showed less dependence on guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-183	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	110-115
15299618-0	1996	Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the Ras binding domain of RalGDS, a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator of the Ral protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	87-90
15299618-1	1996	The RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator which activates the Ral protein, a Ras-like small GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	4-10
15299618-1	1996	The RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator which activates the Ral protein, a Ras-like small GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	4-7
8794903-6	1996	Guanine nucleotides and an anti-G alpha i3 antiserum suppressed formation of the VIP/receptor/Gi3 ternary complex, demonstrating its functional nature in native lung membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	81-84
8812454-1	1996	The gene for alpha-stimulating guanine-nucleotide binding polypeptide, Gnas, has been considered as a candidate for the imprinting effects ascribed to distal mouse Chromosome (Chr) 2.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus	Mus musculus	71-75
8886981-1	1996	In order to identify a protein interacting with RCC1, a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor for the nuclear GTPase Ran, we isolated a series of cold-sensitive suppressors of mtr1-2, a temperature-sensitive mutant of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae RCC1 homologue.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	173-179
8898393-1	1996	The specialized translation factor SelB forms a quaternary complex in vitro with selenocysteyl-tRNA(Sec), the selenoprotein mRNA and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-152	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	35-39
8861955-0	1996	p619, a giant protein related to the chromosome condensation regulator RCC1, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and Rab proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8861955-0	1996	p619, a giant protein related to the chromosome condensation regulator RCC1, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and Rab proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
8861955-0	1996	p619, a giant protein related to the chromosome condensation regulator RCC1, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and Rab proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
8861955-8	1996	Moreover, the second RCC1-like motif located at the amino-terminus of p619 stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and on members of the related Rab proteins, but not on other small GTP binding proteins such as Ran or R-Ras2/TC21.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
8861955-8	1996	Moreover, the second RCC1-like motif located at the amino-terminus of p619 stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and on members of the related Rab proteins, but not on other small GTP binding proteins such as Ran or R-Ras2/TC21.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
8861955-8	1996	Moreover, the second RCC1-like motif located at the amino-terminus of p619 stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and on members of the related Rab proteins, but not on other small GTP binding proteins such as Ran or R-Ras2/TC21.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
8861955-8	1996	Moreover, the second RCC1-like motif located at the amino-terminus of p619 stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and on members of the related Rab proteins, but not on other small GTP binding proteins such as Ran or R-Ras2/TC21.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	RAS related 2	Homo sapiens	232-236
8702517-0	1996	Expression cloning of lsc, a novel oncogene with structural similarities to the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	80-83
8702517-4	1996	This region includes the tandem Dbl homology and pleckstrin homology domains that are hallmarks of the Dbl-like proteins, a family of presumptive or demonstrated guanine nucleotide exchange factors that act on Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	162-180	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	32-35
8702517-4	1996	This region includes the tandem Dbl homology and pleckstrin homology domains that are hallmarks of the Dbl-like proteins, a family of presumptive or demonstrated guanine nucleotide exchange factors that act on Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	162-180	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	103-106
8754839-2	1996	To identify genes whose functions are linked to CDC42, we screened for (i) multicopy suppressors of a Ts- cdc42 mutant, (ii) mutants that require multiple copies of CDC42 for survival, and (iii) mutations that display synthetic lethality with a partial-loss-of-function allele of CDC24, which encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42p.	Guanine Nucleotides	303-321	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-53
8702569-1	1996	The pleckstrin homology (PH) domain is an approximately 100 amino acid structural motif found in many cellular signaling molecules, including the Dbl oncoprotein and related, putative guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	146-149
8841984-10	1996	Several cell lines expressed mRNA for OMP, a marker of mature olfactory sensory neurons, and GOLF, a guanine nucleotide binding protein involved in olfactory sensory transduction.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating, olfactory type	Mus musculus	93-97
8700143-3	1996	A dimer of peptides from the carboxyl-terminal (i3c) and amino-terminal (i3n) regions of the alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor is most potent in stimulating guanine-nucleotide exchange of any peptides studied.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Cricetulus griseus	93-121
8760286-3	1996	Interestingly, DH domains are frequently found in guanine nucleotide-exchange factors for small GTP-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho families, and it has been recently shown that, whereas Ras controls the activation of mitogen activated kinases (MAPKs), two members of the Rho family of small GTPases, Rac 1 and Cdc42, regulate activity of stress activated protein kinases (SAPKs), also termed c-jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs).	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	305-310
8760286-3	1996	Interestingly, DH domains are frequently found in guanine nucleotide-exchange factors for small GTP-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho families, and it has been recently shown that, whereas Ras controls the activation of mitogen activated kinases (MAPKs), two members of the Rho family of small GTPases, Rac 1 and Cdc42, regulate activity of stress activated protein kinases (SAPKs), also termed c-jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs).	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	315-320
8755667-5	1996	CDC42 undergoes a guanine nucleotide-specific membrane association and carboxyl methylation in normal rat islets, human islets, and pure beta (HIT or INS-1) cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
8755667-5	1996	CDC42 undergoes a guanine nucleotide-specific membrane association and carboxyl methylation in normal rat islets, human islets, and pure beta (HIT or INS-1) cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	150-155
8806475-11	1996	Following cloning and sequencing, F5 was found to display significant homology to the gene sequence of the guanine nucleotide releasing protein MSS4.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	RAB interacting factor	Rattus norvegicus	144-148
8812617-10	1996	Following cloning and sequencing, F5 was found to display significant homology to the gene sequence of the guanine nucleotide releasing protein MSS4.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	RAB interacting factor	Rattus norvegicus	144-148
8663295-1	1996	Desensitization of p21(ras) after stimulation of cells by growth factors and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) correlates with hyperphosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son-of-sevenless (Sos) and its dissociation from the adaptor protein Grb2 (Cherniack, A., Klarlund, J. K., Conway, B. R., and Czech, M. P. (1995) J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
8663295-1	1996	Desensitization of p21(ras) after stimulation of cells by growth factors and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) correlates with hyperphosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son-of-sevenless (Sos) and its dissociation from the adaptor protein Grb2 (Cherniack, A., Klarlund, J. K., Conway, B. R., and Czech, M. P. (1995) J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	263-267
8663585-0	1996	A role for the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator in mediating Ras-induced transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	15-18
8688467-1	1996	Eukaryotic initiation factor-2B (eIF-2B) is a guanine nucleotide-exchange protein involved in the recycling of eIF-2 during peptide-chain initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	0-31
8864848-2	1996	These RCC1 mutants were analyzed for the ability to inhibit premature chromatin condensation by microinjection into tsBN2 cells, and their steady-state kinetic parameters for guanine nucleotide exchange reaction were measured.	Guanine Nucleotides	175-193	regulator of chromosome condensation	Mesocricetus auratus	6-10
8688467-1	1996	Eukaryotic initiation factor-2B (eIF-2B) is a guanine nucleotide-exchange protein involved in the recycling of eIF-2 during peptide-chain initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	33-39
8688467-8	1996	Examination of the derived amino acid sequence of rat eIF-2B epsilon reveals phosphorylation site motifs for several protein kinases which have been implicated in regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	177-195	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	54-60
8864848-6	1996	These steady-state kinetic parameters of mutants indicate that the N-terminus and the C-terminus of RCC1 repeats play different roles in guanine nucleotide exchange on Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	regulator of chromosome condensation	Mesocricetus auratus	100-104
8864848-6	1996	These steady-state kinetic parameters of mutants indicate that the N-terminus and the C-terminus of RCC1 repeats play different roles in guanine nucleotide exchange on Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	168-171
8864848-7	1996	The comparison of kcat among the histidine mutants suggests that those histidine residues which are conserved in the RCC1 repeats and also through evolution comprise the catalytic site for the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction.	Guanine Nucleotides	193-211	regulator of chromosome condensation	Mesocricetus auratus	117-121
8799832-1	1996	The nuclear protein regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1) stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on a protein, Ran, that is required for nuclear protein import.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	regulator of chromosome condensation	Mesocricetus auratus	60-64
8663347-1	1996	RCC1 is a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor acting on nuclear G protein Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	regulator of chromosome condensation	Mesocricetus auratus	0-4
8663347-1	1996	RCC1 is a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor acting on nuclear G protein Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	75-78
8663347-6	1996	In order to clarify this point, we have microinjected nucleotide-bound Ran, instead of mutated Ran, into the nuclei of tsBN2 cells treated to reduce RCC1-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	71-74
8663347-6	1996	In order to clarify this point, we have microinjected nucleotide-bound Ran, instead of mutated Ran, into the nuclei of tsBN2 cells treated to reduce RCC1-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	regulator of chromosome condensation	Mesocricetus auratus	149-153
24178472-9	1996	This diphosphate has been shown to be the proximate effector binding to eIF-2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Singh, L. P. Arror, A. R. and Wahba, A. J.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	72-78
8725179-3	1996	For the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2AR) system, which is coupled to adenylyl cyclase via the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G5) protein, homologous desensitization is mediated in part by a receptor-specific kinase (beta ARK) and a soluble cofactor (beta-arrestin).	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	adrenoceptor beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	8-34
8725179-3	1996	For the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2AR) system, which is coupled to adenylyl cyclase via the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G5) protein, homologous desensitization is mediated in part by a receptor-specific kinase (beta ARK) and a soluble cofactor (beta-arrestin).	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	adrenoceptor beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	36-44
8799832-1	1996	The nuclear protein regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1) stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on a protein, Ran, that is required for nuclear protein import.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	119-122
8967472-4	1996	The sensitivity of 125I-ANG II binding to AT1a and AT1b receptors to guanine nucleotides was unaffected by pertussis toxin treatment.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
8681425-4	1996	Guanine nucleotides also stimulate PLD in platelet membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	35-38
8967472-4	1996	The sensitivity of 125I-ANG II binding to AT1a and AT1b receptors to guanine nucleotides was unaffected by pertussis toxin treatment.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	42-46
8967472-4	1996	The sensitivity of 125I-ANG II binding to AT1a and AT1b receptors to guanine nucleotides was unaffected by pertussis toxin treatment.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	51-55
8647113-2	1996	The cDNA is homologous to EF-1 delta 1 encoding for EF-1 delta a protein of the guanine-nucleotide exchange complex of elongation factor-1 (EF-1).	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta (guanine nucleotide exchange protein) S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	26-36
8647113-2	1996	The cDNA is homologous to EF-1 delta 1 encoding for EF-1 delta a protein of the guanine-nucleotide exchange complex of elongation factor-1 (EF-1).	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta (guanine nucleotide exchange protein) S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	52-62
8647113-3	1996	The protein sequence deduced from the cDNA, contains the two characteristic features of EF-1 delta protein, the leucine-zipper domain and the guanine-nucleotide exchange domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta (guanine nucleotide exchange protein) S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	88-98
8636235-5	1996	The complex copurifies with one molecule of bound guanine nucleotide per septin polypeptide.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Septin 1	Drosophila melanogaster	73-79
8724692-6	1996	The presence of a putative guanine nucleotide exchange domain, the prototype of which is found in the dbl oncogene product, implies that Vav functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for one (or more) members of the Ras-like family of small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	102-105
8743958-6	1996	In human fibroblasts, the guanine nucleotide exchange part of EF-1, EF-1 beta gamma delta, was found to co-localize with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), displaying a distinct fine-structure in its staining pattern.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	68-77
8743958-7	1996	The guanine nucleotide-binding subunit of EF-1, EF-1 alpha, shows a more diffuse distribution throughout the cytoplasm and is, in addition, associated with the nucleus.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	48-58
8724692-6	1996	The presence of a putative guanine nucleotide exchange domain, the prototype of which is found in the dbl oncogene product, implies that Vav functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for one (or more) members of the Ras-like family of small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	137-140
8724692-6	1996	The presence of a putative guanine nucleotide exchange domain, the prototype of which is found in the dbl oncogene product, implies that Vav functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for one (or more) members of the Ras-like family of small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	156-190
8724692-6	1996	The presence of a putative guanine nucleotide exchange domain, the prototype of which is found in the dbl oncogene product, implies that Vav functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for one (or more) members of the Ras-like family of small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	192-195
8605211-8	1996	Taken together, these results identify a conformationally sensitive reporter site on the Cdc42Hs molecule that is located some distance away from the guanine nucleotide binding site but nonetheless provides a highly sensitive monitor for GTP-binding, GTPase activity, and the interactions of key regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	89-96
8621595-3	1996	A second protein that interacts with p120Ras-GAP is P190Rac-GAP, which activates the GTPase of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Rho family (including Rac1 and Rac2).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	37-48
8621595-3	1996	A second protein that interacts with p120Ras-GAP is P190Rac-GAP, which activates the GTPase of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Rho family (including Rac1 and Rac2).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
8621595-3	1996	A second protein that interacts with p120Ras-GAP is P190Rac-GAP, which activates the GTPase of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Rho family (including Rac1 and Rac2).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	169-173
8621516-3	1996	The alpha subunit of Gs (Gsalpha) has a guanine nucleotide binding site, and activation occurs when tightly bound GDP is displaced by GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	25-32
8611426-4	1996	Meth A cells exposed to SAGP underwent an increase in labelling of the alpha-subunit of an inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding (Gi) protein in a subsequent IAP-catalysed [32P]ADP ribosylation of the cell membrane fraction.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	intracisternal A particle, Eya1 linked	Mus musculus	158-161
8626543-9	1996	These results suggest the possibility that Cbl may participate in a signaling pathway that regulates guanine nucleotide exchange on small G-proteins in T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	43-46
8612578-7	1996	Accordingly, we propose that the glycine-rich motif of KBP forms part of a guanine nucleotide binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	kinesin family binding protein	Homo sapiens	55-58
8791419-2	1996	These putative guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho family small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) all contain a Dbl homology domain in tandem with a pleckstrin homology domain, and seem to activate specific members of the Rho family of proteins to elicit various biological functions in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	120-123
8607853-1	1996	Eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, consists of five distinct subunits in both mammals and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	82-87
11725090-1	1996	A three-dimensional molecular model of the transmembrane domain of the 5-HT(1A) receptor (5-HT(1A)R) is presented in the context of a general strategy for modeling the macromolecular structure of a guanine nucleotide binding, regulatory protein coupled receptor (GPCR).	Guanine Nucleotides	198-216	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	71-88
11725090-1	1996	A three-dimensional molecular model of the transmembrane domain of the 5-HT(1A) receptor (5-HT(1A)R) is presented in the context of a general strategy for modeling the macromolecular structure of a guanine nucleotide binding, regulatory protein coupled receptor (GPCR).	Guanine Nucleotides	198-216	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	71-78
8657152-3	1996	The 135- to 145-kDa protein is C3G, a CRK SH3-binding guanine nucleotide exchange protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	31-34
8657152-3	1996	The 135- to 145-kDa protein is C3G, a CRK SH3-binding guanine nucleotide exchange protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	38-41
8636102-5	1996	The interaction between Rap1A and RGF-RBD shows similar characteristics to the Ras-Raf interaction because it is blocked by mutations in the effector region (D38A) and it inhibits the dissociation of guanine nucleotide, which is the basis for the quantitative measurements in this work.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	24-29
8636102-5	1996	The interaction between Rap1A and RGF-RBD shows similar characteristics to the Ras-Raf interaction because it is blocked by mutations in the effector region (D38A) and it inhibits the dissociation of guanine nucleotide, which is the basis for the quantitative measurements in this work.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	34-37
8636102-5	1996	The interaction between Rap1A and RGF-RBD shows similar characteristics to the Ras-Raf interaction because it is blocked by mutations in the effector region (D38A) and it inhibits the dissociation of guanine nucleotide, which is the basis for the quantitative measurements in this work.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	83-86
8636102-7	1996	As long as the cellular localizations of the different proteins and their biological functions are not clarified, these biochemical data seem to indicate that Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factors is an effector molecule of Rap1A rather than of H-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	159-162
8636102-7	1996	As long as the cellular localizations of the different proteins and their biological functions are not clarified, these biochemical data seem to indicate that Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factors is an effector molecule of Rap1A rather than of H-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	226-231
8636102-7	1996	As long as the cellular localizations of the different proteins and their biological functions are not clarified, these biochemical data seem to indicate that Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factors is an effector molecule of Rap1A rather than of H-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	247-252
8619603-2	1996	Phosphorylation of eIF-2alpha impairs the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF-2B and thereby inhibits or shuts off protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	19-29
8619603-2	1996	Phosphorylation of eIF-2alpha impairs the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF-2B and thereby inhibits or shuts off protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	82-88
8605156-4	1996	The role of guanine nucleotides in the regulation of GCC by adenine nucleotides was examined.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-31	guanylate cyclase 2C	Homo sapiens	53-56
8605156-8	1996	Guanine nucleotides supported adenine nucleotide inhibition of GCC at low concentrations and directly inhibited this enzyme at high concentrations when these studies were conducted with receptors expressed in Caco-2 cells, native rat intestine, or cloned rat GCC heterologously expressed in 293 monkey kidney cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	guanylate cyclase 2C	Homo sapiens	63-66
8605156-8	1996	Guanine nucleotides supported adenine nucleotide inhibition of GCC at low concentrations and directly inhibited this enzyme at high concentrations when these studies were conducted with receptors expressed in Caco-2 cells, native rat intestine, or cloned rat GCC heterologously expressed in 293 monkey kidney cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	guanylate cyclase 2C	Rattus norvegicus	259-262
8605156-9	1996	These observations demonstrate that adenine nucleotide inhibition of GCC is mediated through an intracellular mechanism which is guanine nucleotide-dependent.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	guanylate cyclase 2C	Homo sapiens	69-72
8778223-0	1996	Role of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, Gi alpha 3 and Gs alpha, in dopamine and thyrotropin-releasing hormone signal transduction: evidence for competition and commonality.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	86-115
8676864-2	1996	RCC1/PRP20 act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the nuclear Ras-like Ran/GSP1 proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	5-10
8676864-2	1996	RCC1/PRP20 act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the nuclear Ras-like Ran/GSP1 proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	83-87
8700892-0	1996	Protein kinase cross-talk: membrane targeting of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase by protein kinase C. The beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (betaARK) is the prototypical member of the family of cytosolic kinases that phosphorylate guanine nucleotide binding-protein-coupled receptors and thereby trigger uncoupling between receptors and guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	233-251	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	143-150
8700892-0	1996	Protein kinase cross-talk: membrane targeting of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase by protein kinase C. The beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (betaARK) is the prototypical member of the family of cytosolic kinases that phosphorylate guanine nucleotide binding-protein-coupled receptors and thereby trigger uncoupling between receptors and guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	339-357	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	143-150
8626805-1	1996	Phospholipase D (PLD) which was partially purified from membranes of porcine brain could be stimulated by multiple cytosolic components; these included ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) and RhoA, which required guanine nucleotides for activity, and an unidentified factor which activated the enzyme in a nucleotide-independent manner (Singer, W. D., Brown, H. A., Bokoch, G. M., and Sternweis, P. C. (1995) J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-226	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	0-15
8611570-11	1996	These findings clearly demonstrate that G alpha h associates with a novel protein which modulates the affinity of G alpha h for guanine nucleotides and that the GDP-bound Gh is the ground state for the counterpart activator, the alpha 1-adrenoceptor, in this signaling system.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-147	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	40-47
8611570-11	1996	These findings clearly demonstrate that G alpha h associates with a novel protein which modulates the affinity of G alpha h for guanine nucleotides and that the GDP-bound Gh is the ground state for the counterpart activator, the alpha 1-adrenoceptor, in this signaling system.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-147	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	114-121
8626805-1	1996	Phospholipase D (PLD) which was partially purified from membranes of porcine brain could be stimulated by multiple cytosolic components; these included ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) and RhoA, which required guanine nucleotides for activity, and an unidentified factor which activated the enzyme in a nucleotide-independent manner (Singer, W. D., Brown, H. A., Bokoch, G. M., and Sternweis, P. C. (1995) J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-226	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	17-20
8626805-1	1996	Phospholipase D (PLD) which was partially purified from membranes of porcine brain could be stimulated by multiple cytosolic components; these included ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) and RhoA, which required guanine nucleotides for activity, and an unidentified factor which activated the enzyme in a nucleotide-independent manner (Singer, W. D., Brown, H. A., Bokoch, G. M., and Sternweis, P. C. (1995) J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-226	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	186-190
8611036-8	1996	This diminished guanine nucleotide exchange activity was due to the inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B, the factor required for the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2, and the formation of the functional eIF-2.GTP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	111-117
8611036-8	1996	This diminished guanine nucleotide exchange activity was due to the inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B, the factor required for the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2, and the formation of the functional eIF-2.GTP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	111-116
8611036-8	1996	This diminished guanine nucleotide exchange activity was due to the inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B, the factor required for the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2, and the formation of the functional eIF-2.GTP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	172-177
8631299-5	1996	The p21 ras activation by Ang II is mediated by an increase in the guanine nucleotide exchange activity, but not by an inhibition of the GTPase-activating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
8631299-5	1996	The p21 ras activation by Ang II is mediated by an increase in the guanine nucleotide exchange activity, but not by an inhibition of the GTPase-activating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	26-29
8631299-9	1996	Ang II-induced increase in the guanine nucleotide exchange activity was inhibited by a peptide ligand specific to the SH3 domain of the Src family tyrosine kinases.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	0-3
8631299-9	1996	Ang II-induced increase in the guanine nucleotide exchange activity was inhibited by a peptide ligand specific to the SH3 domain of the Src family tyrosine kinases.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	136-139
8577703-0	1996	Catalytic activity of the mouse guanine nucleotide exchanger mSOS is activated by Fyn tyrosine protein kinase and the T-cell antigen receptor in T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	Fyn proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	82-85
8577703-9	1996	Unlike the current prevailing model, Fyn-induced activation of Ras might involve the stimulation of the catalytic guanine nucleotide exchange activity of mSOS.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	Fyn proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	37-40
8577724-2	1996	Calcium influx through L-type VSCCs leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of the adaptor protein Shc and its association with the adaptor protein Grb2, which is bound to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos1.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
8577724-2	1996	Calcium influx through L-type VSCCs leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of the adaptor protein Shc and its association with the adaptor protein Grb2, which is bound to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos1.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	142-146
8570203-4	1996	Three proteins of the Ras signalling pathway were also shown to associated with CD45: the GTPase-activating protein for Ras (rasGAP), the signalling protein Grb2, and, possibly via complex formation with Grb2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor mammalian son of sevenless (mSOS).	Guanine Nucleotides	214-232	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
8577724-2	1996	Calcium influx through L-type VSCCs leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of the adaptor protein Shc and its association with the adaptor protein Grb2, which is bound to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos1.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	205-209
21153293-7	1996	The mechanism of activation of p21( ras ) in Nb2-11C cells by lactogenic hormones involves both an increased binding of guanine nucleotides to p21( ras ) as well as an increase in GTP/GDP+GTP ratio.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-139	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
21153293-7	1996	The mechanism of activation of p21( ras ) in Nb2-11C cells by lactogenic hormones involves both an increased binding of guanine nucleotides to p21( ras ) as well as an increase in GTP/GDP+GTP ratio.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-139	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	143-146
8570203-4	1996	Three proteins of the Ras signalling pathway were also shown to associated with CD45: the GTPase-activating protein for Ras (rasGAP), the signalling protein Grb2, and, possibly via complex formation with Grb2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor mammalian son of sevenless (mSOS).	Guanine Nucleotides	214-232	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	80-84
8570203-4	1996	Three proteins of the Ras signalling pathway were also shown to associated with CD45: the GTPase-activating protein for Ras (rasGAP), the signalling protein Grb2, and, possibly via complex formation with Grb2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor mammalian son of sevenless (mSOS).	Guanine Nucleotides	214-232	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	204-208
8557685-7	1996	In far-Western blotting and guanine nucleotide saturation studies, GDP-Rad bound to tropomyosin far better than GTP-Rad.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	Ras-related associated with diabetes	Mus musculus	71-74
8557685-8	1996	We conclude that Rad interacts with skeletal muscle beta-tropomyosin and the cytoskeleton in a guanine nucleotide-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	Ras-related associated with diabetes	Mus musculus	17-20
8750931-0	1996	Protein kinase C-dependent modulation of stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein of fetal rat skin keratinocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
8677749-3	1996	The product of the vav proto-oncogene (Vav) is expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and has guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
8677749-3	1996	The product of the vav proto-oncogene (Vav) is expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and has guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
9150874-3	1996	The guanine nucleotide binding site and the residues involved in GTP hydrolysis are similar to those of EF-Tu, but with some subtle differences possibly responsible for the higher affinity of SelB for GTP compared to GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	192-196
8893498-1	1996	The CDC25 gene product from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the prototype of the family of ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors, is expressed as a 180-kDa polypeptide, tightly bound to a membrane fraction.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-9
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	28-35
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	37-50
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	173-176
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	185-188
9258606-1	1996	Certain p21GTPases (notably Ras) and some of their guanine nucleotide exchange factors (e.g., Ost, Dbl, Tiam) and downstream mediators (e.g., Raf, Myc) have the potential to promote the development of malignancies because they can enhance the transcription of genes that foster the tumorigenic and metastatic phenotype.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence like	Homo sapiens	94-97
9258606-1	1996	Certain p21GTPases (notably Ras) and some of their guanine nucleotide exchange factors (e.g., Ost, Dbl, Tiam) and downstream mediators (e.g., Raf, Myc) have the potential to promote the development of malignancies because they can enhance the transcription of genes that foster the tumorigenic and metastatic phenotype.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	99-102
9258606-1	1996	Certain p21GTPases (notably Ras) and some of their guanine nucleotide exchange factors (e.g., Ost, Dbl, Tiam) and downstream mediators (e.g., Raf, Myc) have the potential to promote the development of malignancies because they can enhance the transcription of genes that foster the tumorigenic and metastatic phenotype.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	147-150
8821748-5	1995	Characterization in the hippocampus revealed the presence of a high affinity receptor, sensitive to incubation with the guanine nucleotide GTP gamma S, and displaced by angiotensin II = angiotensin III < Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II, but not by angiotensin IV or other angiotensin fragments, the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan, or the AT2 ligands CGP 42112 or PD 123177.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	207-231
8537363-0	1995	The effect of carboxyl-terminal mutagenesis of Gt alpha on rhodopsin and guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	47-55
8537363-6	1995	Surprisingly, mutants L344A, L349A, F350stop, and stop351A demonstrated a parallel loss of rhodopsin and guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	91-100
8530500-3	1995	Here, we report TCR.CD3-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange among the 42-kDa G protein alpha subunits of the G alpha q/11 family, their physical association with CD3 epsilon, and the G alpha 11-dependent activation of phospholipase C beta.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	CD3 epsilon subunit of T-cell receptor complex	Homo sapiens	163-174
8530500-3	1995	Here, we report TCR.CD3-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange among the 42-kDa G protein alpha subunits of the G alpha q/11 family, their physical association with CD3 epsilon, and the G alpha 11-dependent activation of phospholipase C beta.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	G protein subunit alpha 11	Homo sapiens	184-194
8821748-5	1995	Characterization in the hippocampus revealed the presence of a high affinity receptor, sensitive to incubation with the guanine nucleotide GTP gamma S, and displaced by angiotensin II = angiotensin III < Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II, but not by angiotensin IV or other angiotensin fragments, the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan, or the AT2 ligands CGP 42112 or PD 123177.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	295-298
8821748-5	1995	Characterization in the hippocampus revealed the presence of a high affinity receptor, sensitive to incubation with the guanine nucleotide GTP gamma S, and displaced by angiotensin II = angiotensin III < Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II, but not by angiotensin IV or other angiotensin fragments, the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan, or the AT2 ligands CGP 42112 or PD 123177.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	angiotensin II receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	336-339
8690019-13	1995	When reconstituted in vitro using digitonin permeabilized cells, the movement of ERGIC53 into the ER has a requirement for metabolic energy, is partially inhibited by the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S but could not be made to be cytosol dependent.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	lectin, mannose binding 1	Homo sapiens	81-88
8848015-3	1995	Stimulation of striatal membranes with dopamine in the presence of [35S]GTP gamma S or [alpha-32P]GTP increased guanine nucleotide binding to G alpha s, G alpha i, and G alpha q in a concentration-dependent fashion.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	G protein subunit alpha q	Rattus norvegicus	168-177
8848015-5	1995	In contrast, the D2/3 dopamine receptor agonist quinpirole stimulated guanine nucleotide binding to G alpha i, and dopamine-stimulated activation of G alpha i was attenuated by the D2 antagonist I-sulpiride.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	dopamine receptor D2	Rattus norvegicus	17-39
7592935-4	1995	When Rab5 is translated in the presence of biotin-lysine-tRNA, it incorporates biotin-lysine into its peptide backbone and is efficiently prenylated; since this modification is dependent on guanine nucleotide binding, biotin-Rab5"s functional integrity must be maintained.	Guanine Nucleotides	190-208	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	5-9
7491495-3	1995	Overexpression of MAPK kinase (MAPKK) or of the guanine nucleotide binding protein Ras, both of which activate MAPK, enhanced estrogen-induced and antiestrogen (tamoxifen)-induced transcriptional activity of wild-type ER, but not that of a mutant ER with an alanine in place of Ser118.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	218-220
7491495-3	1995	Overexpression of MAPK kinase (MAPKK) or of the guanine nucleotide binding protein Ras, both of which activate MAPK, enhanced estrogen-induced and antiestrogen (tamoxifen)-induced transcriptional activity of wild-type ER, but not that of a mutant ER with an alanine in place of Ser118.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	247-249
7592872-5	1995	Upon further analysis it was determined that Syk transcripts from the J.CaM1 cells as well as the parental E6-1 cells contain a single guanine nucleotide insertion at position 92.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	45-48
7476879-1	1995	Investigation of an enhancer-trap line exhibiting testis-specific beta-galactosidase expression led to the isolation of the Drosophila gene encoding inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPD), the rate-limiting enzyme in guanine nucleotide synthesis, which has been implicated in cell cycle control and malignant transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	221-239	beta galactosidase	Drosophila melanogaster	66-84
7495858-1	1995	Eukaryotic initiation factor-2B (eIF-2B) is a heteropentameric guanine nucleotide exchange factor involved in the recycling of eIF-2 during the translation initiation phase of protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	0-31
7495858-1	1995	Eukaryotic initiation factor-2B (eIF-2B) is a heteropentameric guanine nucleotide exchange factor involved in the recycling of eIF-2 during the translation initiation phase of protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	33-39
7487952-13	1995	The effects described appear to be unique for c-di-GMP and, taken together, raise the possibility that an irreversible binding of this guanine nucleotide to the growth-promoting p21ras protein results in a fixed active conformation of this protein affecting DNA synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	178-184
7595499-1	1995	Recent studies have suggested a role for an inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding (Gi) protein and protein (serine/threonine) phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in the angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor-mediated stimulation of neuronal K+ currents.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	155-176
7595499-1	1995	Recent studies have suggested a role for an inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding (Gi) protein and protein (serine/threonine) phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in the angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor-mediated stimulation of neuronal K+ currents.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	178-181
8584022-1	1995	A carboxyl-terminus truncated mutant of the guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein-coupled TRH receptor (TRH-R) was previously shown to exhibit constitutive, i.e. TRH-independent, activity (C335Stop TRH-R).	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Mus musculus	91-94
8584022-1	1995	A carboxyl-terminus truncated mutant of the guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein-coupled TRH receptor (TRH-R) was previously shown to exhibit constitutive, i.e. TRH-independent, activity (C335Stop TRH-R).	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	thyrotropin releasing hormone receptor	Mus musculus	105-110
8584022-1	1995	A carboxyl-terminus truncated mutant of the guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein-coupled TRH receptor (TRH-R) was previously shown to exhibit constitutive, i.e. TRH-independent, activity (C335Stop TRH-R).	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Mus musculus	105-108
8584022-1	1995	A carboxyl-terminus truncated mutant of the guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein-coupled TRH receptor (TRH-R) was previously shown to exhibit constitutive, i.e. TRH-independent, activity (C335Stop TRH-R).	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	thyrotropin releasing hormone receptor	Mus musculus	199-204
7479768-3	1995	Both Abr and Bcr have a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) domain similar to those found in other proteins that stimulate GTP hydrolysis by members of the Rho family of GTP-binding proteins, as well as a region of homology with the guanine nucleotide dissociation-stimulating domain of the DBL oncogene product.	Guanine Nucleotides	229-247	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	13-16
7476879-1	1995	Investigation of an enhancer-trap line exhibiting testis-specific beta-galactosidase expression led to the isolation of the Drosophila gene encoding inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPD), the rate-limiting enzyme in guanine nucleotide synthesis, which has been implicated in cell cycle control and malignant transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	221-239	raspberry	Drosophila melanogaster	149-184
7476879-1	1995	Investigation of an enhancer-trap line exhibiting testis-specific beta-galactosidase expression led to the isolation of the Drosophila gene encoding inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPD), the rate-limiting enzyme in guanine nucleotide synthesis, which has been implicated in cell cycle control and malignant transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	221-239	raspberry	Drosophila melanogaster	186-190
7592625-0	1995	Effect of guanine nucleotide binding on the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence properties of Rab5.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	92-96
7592625-7	1995	These data indicate that both of Rab5"s tryptophans are brought into a more sequestered, hydrophobic environment upon conformational changes promoted by guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	33-37
7592625-9	1995	However, Trp114 lies within a region of Rab5 potentially related to the switch III domain unique to heterotrimeric G alpha t. Thus, changes in the fluorescence properties of Trp114 upon guanine nucleotide exchange suggest that Rab proteins may have structure-function relationships similar to those described for heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-204	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	40-43
7548002-1	1995	The interaction of Ran, a Ras-related nuclear GTP-binding protein, with its guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 has been studied by equilibrium and transient kinetic measurements using fluorescent nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	19-22
7548002-1	1995	The interaction of Ran, a Ras-related nuclear GTP-binding protein, with its guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 has been studied by equilibrium and transient kinetic measurements using fluorescent nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	111-115
7478566-1	1995	The mouse protein mSos1 has a central Ras guanine nucleotide exchange domain, and a long proline-rich C-terminal tail which contains several potential binding sites for the SH3 domains of the adaptor protein, Grb2.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	18-23
7586133-0	1995	cDNA and genomic sequences for rat 8-oxo-dGTPase that prevents occurrence of spontaneous mutations due to oxidation of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-138	nudix hydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-48
7673152-7	1995	Finally, using recombinant p21ras in vitro, we found that redox modulators directly promoted guanine nucleotide exchange on p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
7559408-1	1995	Phospholipase D (PLD) activation by guanine nucleotides requires protein cofactors from both the membrane and the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	0-15
7559408-1	1995	Phospholipase D (PLD) activation by guanine nucleotides requires protein cofactors from both the membrane and the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	17-20
7673152-7	1995	Finally, using recombinant p21ras in vitro, we found that redox modulators directly promoted guanine nucleotide exchange on p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	27-33
7591763-4	1995	By virtue of its high affinity and specificity for guanine nucleotide binding and its intrinsic GTPase activity, the alpha-subunit of the G protein (G alpha) plays the critical role in regulation of the effectors by their corresponding G protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	117-156
7562534-4	1995	Recently, a D3 dopamine receptor was identified that is insensitive to guanine nucleotides and exhibits an unusual distribution in the brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-90	dopamine receptor D3	Rattus norvegicus	12-32
7657656-1	1995	The Cdc25p and Sdc25p proteins were the first members of the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors to be identified.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-10
7657656-1	1995	The Cdc25p and Sdc25p proteins were the first members of the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors to be identified.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	15-21
7647103-0	1995	1,25(OH)2-vitamin D-3 stimulates phospholipase A2 activity via a guanine nucleotide-binding protein in chick myoblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Gallus gallus	33-49
8589550-3	1995	RA-KIAKR (net charge +4) mimicked the effect of FSHR-(551-555) on guanine nucleotide exchange in rat testis membranes, but reduced its ability to inhibit FSH-stimulated estradiol biosynthesis in cultured rat Sertoli cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
8520487-0	1995	Multidomain organization of eukaryotic guanine nucleotide exchange translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunits revealed by analysis of conserved sequence motifs.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	97-103
7542774-1	1995	Coexpression in Xenopus oocytes of the inwardly rectifying guanine nucleotide binding (G)-protein-gated K channel GIRK1 with a myristoylated modification of the (putative) cytosolic C-terminal tail [GIRK1 aa 183-501 fused in-frame to aa 1-15 of p60src and denoted src+ (183-501)] leads to a high degree of inhibition of the inward G-protein-gated K+ current.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	114-119
7626067-3	1995	In this research, the results from both "guanine nucleotide effect assay" and GTPase assay indicated that the receptors for the inhibitory and stimulatory FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs) are coupled with G proteins and both inhibitory and excitatory effects of FaRPs on locust oviduct are through the activation of G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	neuropeptide VF precursor	Homo sapiens	155-181
8527935-1	1995	GMP synthetase, a key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, is a potential target for immunosuppression and anticancer chemotherapy.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-76	guanine monophosphate synthase	Homo sapiens	0-14
7626067-3	1995	In this research, the results from both "guanine nucleotide effect assay" and GTPase assay indicated that the receptors for the inhibitory and stimulatory FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs) are coupled with G proteins and both inhibitory and excitatory effects of FaRPs on locust oviduct are through the activation of G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	neuropeptide VF precursor	Homo sapiens	183-188
7626067-3	1995	In this research, the results from both "guanine nucleotide effect assay" and GTPase assay indicated that the receptors for the inhibitory and stimulatory FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs) are coupled with G proteins and both inhibitory and excitatory effects of FaRPs on locust oviduct are through the activation of G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	neuropeptide VF precursor	Homo sapiens	264-269
7608150-1	1995	Activation of p21ras by receptor tyrosine kinases is thought to result from recruitment of guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as Son-of-sevenless (Sos) to plasma membrane receptor substrates via adaptor proteins such as Grb2.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	14-20
7608150-1	1995	Activation of p21ras by receptor tyrosine kinases is thought to result from recruitment of guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as Son-of-sevenless (Sos) to plasma membrane receptor substrates via adaptor proteins such as Grb2.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	Son of sevenless	Drosophila melanogaster	153-156
7608150-1	1995	Activation of p21ras by receptor tyrosine kinases is thought to result from recruitment of guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as Son-of-sevenless (Sos) to plasma membrane receptor substrates via adaptor proteins such as Grb2.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	226-230
7616957-4	1995	Partially purified, GST-fused RanBP1 inhibited RCC1-stimulated guanine nucleotide release from Ran in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	30-36
7603572-1	1995	Ran/TC4 is a small nuclear G protein that forms a complex with the chromatin-bound guanine nucleotide release factor RCC1 (ref.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
7603572-1	1995	Ran/TC4 is a small nuclear G protein that forms a complex with the chromatin-bound guanine nucleotide release factor RCC1 (ref.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-7
7603572-1	1995	Ran/TC4 is a small nuclear G protein that forms a complex with the chromatin-bound guanine nucleotide release factor RCC1 (ref.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
8846438-0	1995	Multiple affinity and guanine nucleotide sensitive forms of the calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	64-95
8846438-0	1995	Multiple affinity and guanine nucleotide sensitive forms of the calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	97-101
7616957-4	1995	Partially purified, GST-fused RanBP1 inhibited RCC1-stimulated guanine nucleotide release from Ran in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
7616957-4	1995	Partially purified, GST-fused RanBP1 inhibited RCC1-stimulated guanine nucleotide release from Ran in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-33
7744738-3	1995	We report here basal rate constants for guanine nucleotide dissociation and GTP hydrolysis for prenyl Rab9.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	102-106
7539430-3	1995	MxA mutants with COOH-terminal deletions of 63 or more amino acids lost all ability to hydrolyze GTP and failed to bind guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-139	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
7673348-1	1995	Rho protein (rho p21), a p21ras-related small guanine nucleotide binding protein, regulates cytoskeletal organization in a number of different types of cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	17-20
7673348-1	1995	Rho protein (rho p21), a p21ras-related small guanine nucleotide binding protein, regulates cytoskeletal organization in a number of different types of cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	25-31
7744788-2	1995	The effects of guanine nucleotides on either exocytosis or endocytosis of GLUT4 were examined in electrically permeabilized rat adipocytes by using Dk-(62-85), a major histocompatibility complex class I-derived peptide.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-34	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	74-79
7538756-0	1995	Detection and analysis of agonist-induced formation of the complex of the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding protein with adenylate cyclase in intact wild-type and beta 2-adrenoceptor-expressing NG108-15 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	adrenergic receptor, beta 2	Mus musculus	168-187
7762657-12	1995	Modulation between the high- and low- affinity binding states of SSTR3 is at least partially mediated by activation of guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	somatostatin receptor type 3	Cavia porcellus	65-70
7651382-6	1995	Radioligand binding of [125I] angiotensin II to the angiotensin II receptor was specific, saturable, reversible and modulated by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-148	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	30-44
7651382-6	1995	Radioligand binding of [125I] angiotensin II to the angiotensin II receptor was specific, saturable, reversible and modulated by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-148	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	52-66
7672451-3	1995	FSHR-(533-555) peptide amide stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange in rat testis light membranes, presumably via its interaction with membrane-associated G protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
7731701-7	1995	The binding of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Sos and C3G, to Crk and CRKL indicates that Ras or related proteins likely play a role in signaling through Crk family proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
7731701-7	1995	The binding of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Sos and C3G, to Crk and CRKL indicates that Ras or related proteins likely play a role in signaling through Crk family proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	CRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	72-75
7731701-7	1995	The binding of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Sos and C3G, to Crk and CRKL indicates that Ras or related proteins likely play a role in signaling through Crk family proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	CRK like proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	80-84
7731701-7	1995	The binding of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Sos and C3G, to Crk and CRKL indicates that Ras or related proteins likely play a role in signaling through Crk family proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	CRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	164-167
7724534-2	1995	Rat CaSR displays 92% overall homology to its bovine counterpart with seven putative transmembrane domains characteristic of the superfamily of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and significant homology with the metabotropic glutamate receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	calcium-sensing receptor	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
7716522-1	1995	The mammalian growth factor receptor-binding protein Grb2 is an adaptor that mediates activation of guanine nucleotide exchange on Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	53-57
7724588-2	1995	Guanine nucleotide binding was first detected by CD analysis, which revealed a unique spectrum for the TS-dGMP-U89 ternary complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	fliF	Drosophila melanogaster	106-110
7603625-5	1995	Results presented in this paper favor the presence of guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G0 or Gi family), which are coupled to the gamma-hydroxybutyrate receptor, modifying the high-affinity gamma-hydroxybutyrate binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	tetraspanin 17	Rattus norvegicus	134-164
7721698-5	1995	The E. coli mob locus is responsible for the addition of a guanine nucleotide to molybdo-MPT (Mo-MPT) to form Mo-MGD.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	mobilization protein	Escherichia coli	12-15
7627555-5	1995	RESULTS: We show here that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) can stimulate an increase in the level of GTP-Rac by at least two distinct mechanisms: firstly, by increased guanine nucleotide exchange; and secondly, by inhibition of a Rac GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-192	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	111-114
7714085-10	1995	These data suggest that the A572V mutation of the LH/CGR may have effects on the guanine nucleotide binding protein which activates phospholipase C (Gq) coupling and phospholipase-C activation in addition to its effects on Gs coupling and activation of adenylyl cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	50-56
7539782-1	1995	The vav proto-oncogene product (Vav) is expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and is reported to have guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
7539782-1	1995	The vav proto-oncogene product (Vav) is expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and is reported to have guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
7706277-1	1995	GMP synthetase (EC 6.3.5.2) plays a key role in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-92	guanine monophosphate synthase	Homo sapiens	0-14
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
7535775-2	1995	One possible mediator in such signaling is the vav proto-oncogene product (p95vav), which is specifically expressed in cells of hematopoietic origin and contains domains typical of guanine nucleotide exchange factors as well as Src homology 2 and Src homology 3 domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	181-199	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-50
7706235-0	1995	Nitric oxide-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange on p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	55-61
7706235-8	1995	These studies identify p21ras as a target of NO in T cells and suggest that NO activates p21ras by an action which mimics that of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	23-29
7706235-8	1995	These studies identify p21ras as a target of NO in T cells and suggest that NO activates p21ras by an action which mimics that of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	23-26
7708740-3	1995	The p200 protein is dissociated from Golgi membranes in the presence of brefeldin A and it is induced to bind to Golgi membranes by activation of guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) with guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate or aluminum fluoride.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
7892252-0	1995	A region in the cytosolic domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor antithetically regulates the stimulatory and inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins of adenylyl cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	40-72
7890612-2	1995	The detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate increased guanine nucleotide binding to Rab5 WT approximately 10-fold.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	112-116
7882974-1	1995	RCC1 (the regulator of chromosome condensation) stimulates guanine nucleotide dissociation on the Ras-related nuclear protein Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
7718090-2	1995	It is now recognized that guanine nucleotide binding proteins play an important role in signal transduction by the T-cell receptor (TCR) and cytokine receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	115-130
7718090-2	1995	It is now recognized that guanine nucleotide binding proteins play an important role in signal transduction by the T-cell receptor (TCR) and cytokine receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	132-135
7718090-3	1995	Here, Manolo Izquierdo Pastor, Karin Reif and Doreen Cantrell review the numerous recent advances in understanding how the p21ras guanine nucleotide binding protein couples the TCR to the T-cell signalling cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	123-129
7718090-3	1995	Here, Manolo Izquierdo Pastor, Karin Reif and Doreen Cantrell review the numerous recent advances in understanding how the p21ras guanine nucleotide binding protein couples the TCR to the T-cell signalling cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	177-180
7622606-2	1995	The molecular mechanism may involve the RCC1 protein, which catalyses guanine nucleotide exchange on the Ras-related nuclear protein, Ran (or TC4).	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	regulator of chromosome condensation 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	40-44
7622606-2	1995	The molecular mechanism may involve the RCC1 protein, which catalyses guanine nucleotide exchange on the Ras-related nuclear protein, Ran (or TC4).	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAN, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	134-137
7622606-2	1995	The molecular mechanism may involve the RCC1 protein, which catalyses guanine nucleotide exchange on the Ras-related nuclear protein, Ran (or TC4).	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAN, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	142-145
7884323-0	1995	TNF-alpha stimulates increased plasma membrane guanine nucleotide binding protein activity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
7884323-3	1995	fMLP-stimulated guanine nucleotide binding (G) protein activation was significantly increased in plasma membranes isolated from PMNs exposed to TNF-alpha 100 U/ml for 10 minutes (TNF-M), compared to membranes from control cells (CM).	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
7884323-3	1995	fMLP-stimulated guanine nucleotide binding (G) protein activation was significantly increased in plasma membranes isolated from PMNs exposed to TNF-alpha 100 U/ml for 10 minutes (TNF-M), compared to membranes from control cells (CM).	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	144-153
7884323-3	1995	fMLP-stimulated guanine nucleotide binding (G) protein activation was significantly increased in plasma membranes isolated from PMNs exposed to TNF-alpha 100 U/ml for 10 minutes (TNF-M), compared to membranes from control cells (CM).	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	144-147
7758839-3	1995	FSHR- (645-653) peptide amide promoted guanine nucleotide exchange in rat testis membranes, presumably via its interaction with membrane-associated G protein, but did not inhibit FSH binding to testis membrane receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
7852400-2	1995	Phospholipase D (PLD) activation by guanine nucleotides requires protein cofactors in both the plasma membrane and the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	0-15
7852400-2	1995	Phospholipase D (PLD) activation by guanine nucleotides requires protein cofactors in both the plasma membrane and the cytosol.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	17-20
7883018-1	1995	We have previously implemented a combined genetic/biochemical approach, for analysis of insertion-deletion mutants, to identify sites of Harvey-Ras participating in the interaction with guanine nucleotide exchangers, using the yeast Cdc25 as a model exchanger.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-204	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	233-238
7735837-1	1995	BACKGROUND: Proline-rich segments in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G bind much more strongly to the N-terminal Src homology 3 domain (SH3-N) of the proto-oncogene product c-Crk than to other SH3 domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
7735837-1	1995	BACKGROUND: Proline-rich segments in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G bind much more strongly to the N-terminal Src homology 3 domain (SH3-N) of the proto-oncogene product c-Crk than to other SH3 domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	182-187
7882974-1	1995	RCC1 (the regulator of chromosome condensation) stimulates guanine nucleotide dissociation on the Ras-related nuclear protein Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	126-129
7761622-2	1995	Guanine nucleotides inhibited 125I-motilin binding in rabbit antral tissue and increased the dissociation of motilin from its receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	promotilin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	35-42
7844142-10	1995	The discovery of its guanine nucleotide-binding domain, however, makes it likely that its role is more complex than that of a passive anchor for SR alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	macrophage scavenger receptor 1	Homo sapiens	145-153
7761622-2	1995	Guanine nucleotides inhibited 125I-motilin binding in rabbit antral tissue and increased the dissociation of motilin from its receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	promotilin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	109-116
7830057-0	1995	Coupling of the human Y2 receptor for neuropeptide Y and peptide YY to guanine nucleotide inhibitory proteins in permeabilized SMS-KAN cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	peptide YY	Homo sapiens	57-67
7819259-1	1995	The guanine nucleotide dissociation and GTPase reactions of Ran, a Ras-related nuclear protein, have been investigated using different fluorescence techniques to determine how these reactions are stimulated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and the other regulatory protein, RanGAP1 (GTPase-activating protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	60-63
7829473-1	1995	Insulin receptor signaling acutely stimulates GTP loading of p21ras, apparently by mobilizing complexes of Grb2 and the guanine nucleotide exchangers Son-of-sevenless (Sos) 1 and 2 to associate with tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in the plasma membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	insulin receptor	Mus musculus	0-16
7829473-1	1995	Insulin receptor signaling acutely stimulates GTP loading of p21ras, apparently by mobilizing complexes of Grb2 and the guanine nucleotide exchangers Son-of-sevenless (Sos) 1 and 2 to associate with tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in the plasma membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	61-67
7756603-0	1995	Guanine nucleotides inhibit the stimulation of GFAP phosphorylation by glutamate.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
7819259-1	1995	The guanine nucleotide dissociation and GTPase reactions of Ran, a Ras-related nuclear protein, have been investigated using different fluorescence techniques to determine how these reactions are stimulated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and the other regulatory protein, RanGAP1 (GTPase-activating protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	249-253
7819259-1	1995	The guanine nucleotide dissociation and GTPase reactions of Ran, a Ras-related nuclear protein, have been investigated using different fluorescence techniques to determine how these reactions are stimulated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and the other regulatory protein, RanGAP1 (GTPase-activating protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	214-232	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	60-63
7819259-1	1995	The guanine nucleotide dissociation and GTPase reactions of Ran, a Ras-related nuclear protein, have been investigated using different fluorescence techniques to determine how these reactions are stimulated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and the other regulatory protein, RanGAP1 (GTPase-activating protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	214-232	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	249-253
7819259-4	1995	The intrinsic guanine nucleotide dissociation rates of Ran are also very low and are likewise increased 10(5)-fold by the exchange factor RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-58
7819259-4	1995	The intrinsic guanine nucleotide dissociation rates of Ran are also very low and are likewise increased 10(5)-fold by the exchange factor RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
7819259-8	1995	The combination of these properties leads to stabilization of the Ran(T24N)-RCC1 complex and may result in vivo in depletion of RCC1 available for stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
7819259-8	1995	The combination of these properties leads to stabilization of the Ran(T24N)-RCC1 complex and may result in vivo in depletion of RCC1 available for stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
7819259-8	1995	The combination of these properties leads to stabilization of the Ran(T24N)-RCC1 complex and may result in vivo in depletion of RCC1 available for stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
7851434-5	1995	The stimulation of the guanine nucleotide release by Sdc25p-C was stronger for Ras2p.GDP than Ras2p.GTP, an effect that was less pronounced in the case of the p21 complexes.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-59
7851434-5	1995	The stimulation of the guanine nucleotide release by Sdc25p-C was stronger for Ras2p.GDP than Ras2p.GTP, an effect that was less pronounced in the case of the p21 complexes.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	79-84
7851434-5	1995	The stimulation of the guanine nucleotide release by Sdc25p-C was stronger for Ras2p.GDP than Ras2p.GTP, an effect that was less pronounced in the case of the p21 complexes.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	94-99
8983996-5	1995	It is suggested that activation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins by NaF leads to a long-lasting attenuation of HVA calcium current run-down in hippocampal CA1 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
7816803-0	1995	Expression of the wild-type p53 antioncogene induces guanine nucleotide-dependent stem cell division kinetics.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	28-31
7816803-5	1995	We show that through a guanine nucleotide-dependent mechanism, the p53 antioncogene can induce exponentially dividing cells to switch to an asymmetric stem cell growth pattern.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	67-70
7484423-6	1995	For instance, some AT2 receptors are regulated by guanine nucleotides and sulfhydryl-reducing agents, whereas others are insensitive.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-69	angiotensin II receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	19-22
7476457-0	1995	Guanine nucleotide exchange catalyzed by dbl oncogene product.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	41-44
7475979-4	1995	Agonist affinity at the cloned OT receptor is decreased by guanine nucleotide analogs, demonstrating functional G-protein-coupling.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide	Homo sapiens	31-33
7828890-8	1994	A glutathione S-transferase fusion protein containing the C terminus of the cdc25 product can stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange on H-Ras in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	76-81
8524141-0	1995	Analysis of intrinsic and CDC25-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange of p21ras-nucleotide complexes by fluorescence measurements.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	26-31
8524141-0	1995	Analysis of intrinsic and CDC25-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange of p21ras-nucleotide complexes by fluorescence measurements.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	74-80
8583915-0	1995	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange of Ran by RCC1 and stimulation of hydrolysis of Ran-bound GTP by Ran-GAP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	44-47
8583915-0	1995	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange of Ran by RCC1 and stimulation of hydrolysis of Ran-bound GTP by Ran-GAP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
7651912-5	1995	The binding of [125I]VIP to membranes was sensitive to guanine nucleotides in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-74	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	21-24
7809086-0	1994	Identification of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral as a putative effector molecule of R-ras, H-ras, K-ras, and Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	69-72
7809086-0	1994	Identification of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral as a putative effector molecule of R-ras, H-ras, K-ras, and Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	115-120
7809057-3	1994	kir mRNA has a rapid turnover and encodes a protein of 33 kDa with guanine nucleotide-binding activity but undetectable intrinsic GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor, two Ig domains and long cytoplasmic tail 4	Homo sapiens	0-3
7809086-0	1994	Identification of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral as a putative effector molecule of R-ras, H-ras, K-ras, and Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	122-127
7809086-0	1994	Identification of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral as a putative effector molecule of R-ras, H-ras, K-ras, and Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
7809086-2	1994	Several clones were obtained encoding the C-terminal region of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	114-117
7809086-2	1994	Several clones were obtained encoding the C-terminal region of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	119-125
7895067-0	1994	Guanosine phosphate analogs modulate ethanol potentiation of GABAA-mediated synaptic currents in hippocampal CA1 neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	109-112
7989376-10	1994	Addition of both the short and long form of recombinant Gs alpha (rGs alpha-s and rGs alpha-L) restored guanine nucleotide-dependent adenylyl cyclase activity to oGTP-treated platelet membranes with rGs alpha-L being approximately 3-10-fold more potent than rGs alpha-s.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	56-64
7895067-2	1994	As a preliminary step to further characterize this interaction, we used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique to study the effects of guanosine phosphate analogs on ethanol potentiation of GABAA-mediated synaptic transmission in rat hippocampal CA1 neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-152	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	244-247
7988425-4	1994	To assess whether EGF stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange by recruiting Grb-2-Sos complexes to the plasma membrane, we measured GEF activity in both the cytosol and the plasma membrane fractions of the insulin- and EGF-treated cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	18-21
7983024-2	1994	Growth factor receptor binding protein-2 (GRB2) and Shc have been shown to link growth factor receptor activation with guanine nucleotide exchange on p21-ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-40
7983024-2	1994	Growth factor receptor binding protein-2 (GRB2) and Shc have been shown to link growth factor receptor activation with guanine nucleotide exchange on p21-ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	42-46
7983024-2	1994	Growth factor receptor binding protein-2 (GRB2) and Shc have been shown to link growth factor receptor activation with guanine nucleotide exchange on p21-ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	150-157
7527027-6	1994	Cytosolic and depalmitoylated membrane-extracted GAP-43 were found to stimulate guanine nucleotide binding and exchange activity in chromaffin granule membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	49-55
7988425-2	1994	As both growth factors have been shown to stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange on p21Ras in permeabilized cells, we examined their effects on total cellular guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity in a direct assay, using the rate of dissociation of [3H]GDP from p21Ras as a measure of GEF activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	83-89
7988425-7	1994	Thus, whereas insulin stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Ras by both translocating Grb-2-Sos complexes to the plasma membrane and increasing the GEF activity of Sos, EGF does so by causing a translocation of Grb-2-Sos without increasing GEF activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	insulin	Homo sapiens	14-21
7988425-7	1994	Thus, whereas insulin stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Ras by both translocating Grb-2-Sos complexes to the plasma membrane and increasing the GEF activity of Sos, EGF does so by causing a translocation of Grb-2-Sos without increasing GEF activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	90-95
7877135-4	1994	In reconstitution experiments, rat GS-alpha(S and L), solubilized from yeast membranes with 1% cholate, conferred NaF-, (-)isoproterenol-, and guanine nucleotide-dependent sensitivity to adenylyl cyclase catalytic units in S49 lymphoma cyc- cell membranes, which are devoid of endogenous GS-alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	35-43
7882015-10	1994	The high affinity component of the ET-1 inhibition curve was subsequently eliminated in the presence of 1 mM GTP-gamma-S The guanine nucleotide sensitivity of [125I]BQ3020 binding offers the possibility that different functional consequences of ETB receptor activation may be mediated by multiple affinity states of the receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
7947984-10	1994	Since guanine nucleotides GTP, GTP gamma S, GDP beta S selectively dissociated the 7S complex in a concentration-dependent manner and adenine nucleotides had no effect, we conclude that the FPR-Gi2 system displays a vacant guanyl nucleotide binding site, the hallmark of a functional guanine nucleotide exchange complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	190-193
7973725-1	1994	Light absorption by rhodopsin generates metarhodopsin, which activates heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) in photoreceptor cells of vertebrates and invertebrates.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	neither inactivation nor afterpotential E	Drosophila melanogaster	20-29
7895773-2	1994	The human 5-HT2C receptor gene, unlike many other genes for guanine nucleotide binding (G)-proteins, contains three introns which interrupt the coding sequence into four exons.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2C	Mus musculus	10-25
7954831-5	1994	FGD1 codes for a 961 amino acid protein that has strong homology to Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), contains a cysteine-rich zinc finger-like region, and, like the RasGEF mSos, contains two potential SH3-binding sites.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
7972015-0	1994	Activated Ras interacts with the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	33-36
7961665-1	1994	The early growth response zinc finger transcription factor (EGR-1) and the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding protein encoded by the protooncogene G alpha i-2 each play pivotal roles in signaling pathways that control cell growth and differentiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	EGR-1	Sus scrofa	60-65
7972015-2	1994	The H-Ras protein was found to interact with a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) that has been previously shown to regulate guanine nucleotide exchange on another member of the Ras protein family, Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	4-9
7972015-2	1994	The H-Ras protein was found to interact with a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) that has been previously shown to regulate guanine nucleotide exchange on another member of the Ras protein family, Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	212-215
7972015-2	1994	The H-Ras protein was found to interact with a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) that has been previously shown to regulate guanine nucleotide exchange on another member of the Ras protein family, Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	4-9
7972015-2	1994	The H-Ras protein was found to interact with a guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) that has been previously shown to regulate guanine nucleotide exchange on another member of the Ras protein family, Ral.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	212-215
7972043-5	1994	By using an in vitro binding assay and an in vivo competition assay, the pleckstrin homology domain of Btk was shown to interact with the beta gamma dimer of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	Bruton tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	103-106
7965763-6	1994	Guanine nucleotides also inhibited [125I]ANG II binding and abolished the high affinity component of agonist inhibition of (Ser1,Ile8)-[125I]ANG II binding, indicating G protein coupling.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	41-47
7977700-2	1994	Here we have shown that the AT2-receptor-mediated stimulation of neuronal IK by ANG II (100 nM) was abolished by pretreatment of cultures with pertussis toxin (PTX; 200 ng/ml) and by intracellular application of an antibody against the inhibitory guanine nucleotide (GTP) binding protein (anti-Gi alpha, 1:200).	Guanine Nucleotides	247-265	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
7977700-2	1994	Here we have shown that the AT2-receptor-mediated stimulation of neuronal IK by ANG II (100 nM) was abolished by pretreatment of cultures with pertussis toxin (PTX; 200 ng/ml) and by intracellular application of an antibody against the inhibitory guanine nucleotide (GTP) binding protein (anti-Gi alpha, 1:200).	Guanine Nucleotides	247-265	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	80-86
7853016-2	1994	Like other guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras is active when GTP bound and inactive when GDP bound.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
7965763-6	1994	Guanine nucleotides also inhibited [125I]ANG II binding and abolished the high affinity component of agonist inhibition of (Ser1,Ile8)-[125I]ANG II binding, indicating G protein coupling.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	141-147
7957046-5	1994	Purified Ost protein catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and Cdc42 among the Rho and Ras family members tested, indicating that Ost can activate these small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	mcf.2 transforming sequence-like	Mus musculus	9-12
7935432-8	1994	The sequence of p190 in the GTP-binding domain, which shares structural features with both the Ras-like small GTPases and the larger G proteins, suggests that this protein defines a novel class of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	197-215	contactin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
7957046-5	1994	Purified Ost protein catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and Cdc42 among the Rho and Ras family members tested, indicating that Ost can activate these small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	62-66
7957046-5	1994	Purified Ost protein catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and Cdc42 among the Rho and Ras family members tested, indicating that Ost can activate these small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	71-76
7957046-5	1994	Purified Ost protein catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and Cdc42 among the Rho and Ras family members tested, indicating that Ost can activate these small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	mcf.2 transforming sequence-like	Mus musculus	138-141
7524075-6	1994	This tyrosine phosphorylation of p72ITK/EMT is rapid (within 30 sec), occurs in the absence of LCK activation, and precedes tyrosine phosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	IL2 inducible T cell kinase	Homo sapiens	40-43
7929124-1	1994	Angiotensin II (AII) receptors are known to interact with two distinct guanine nucleotide binding proteins, Gq/11 and Gi, in rat adrenal glomerulosa cells to activate phospholipase C and to inhibit adenylate cyclase, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
7969042-0	1994	Kinetics and reversibility of thyrotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange in membranes from GH4C1 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	30-59
7969042-1	1994	To evaluate the role of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange in the biphasic cellular responses to TRH, we have examined the kinetics, reversibility, and inhibition by QC120 (an antiserum recognizing the carboxyl terminus of alpha q/11) of TRH-stimulated guanosine-5"-(alpha-[35S] thio)triphosphate ([35S]GTP alpha S) binding in membranes from GH4C1 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	24-53
7969042-1	1994	To evaluate the role of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange in the biphasic cellular responses to TRH, we have examined the kinetics, reversibility, and inhibition by QC120 (an antiserum recognizing the carboxyl terminus of alpha q/11) of TRH-stimulated guanosine-5"-(alpha-[35S] thio)triphosphate ([35S]GTP alpha S) binding in membranes from GH4C1 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
7929073-6	1994	5-Lipoxygenase contains a consensus guanine nucleotide-binding site at residues 296-299, and guanine nucleotides inhibit 5-lipoxygenase activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	0-14
7929073-6	1994	5-Lipoxygenase contains a consensus guanine nucleotide-binding site at residues 296-299, and guanine nucleotides inhibit 5-lipoxygenase activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	121-135
7929073-6	1994	5-Lipoxygenase contains a consensus guanine nucleotide-binding site at residues 296-299, and guanine nucleotides inhibit 5-lipoxygenase activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-112	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	0-14
7929073-6	1994	5-Lipoxygenase contains a consensus guanine nucleotide-binding site at residues 296-299, and guanine nucleotides inhibit 5-lipoxygenase activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-112	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	121-135
7937804-0	1994	Isolation of cDNAs encoding guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta-subunit homologues from maize (ZGB1) and Arabidopsis (AGB1).	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta	Zea mays	99-103
7937804-0	1994	Isolation of cDNAs encoding guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta-subunit homologues from maize (ZGB1) and Arabidopsis (AGB1).	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	GTP binding protein beta 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	122-126
8089153-2	1994	GMP synthetase is a key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-78	guanine monophosphate synthase	Homo sapiens	0-14
8090790-6	1994	C5a also stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange and activation of Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
7524075-6	1994	This tyrosine phosphorylation of p72ITK/EMT is rapid (within 30 sec), occurs in the absence of LCK activation, and precedes tyrosine phosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	191-194
8077219-0	1994	Prenylation of Ras proteins is required for efficient hSOS1-promoted guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
8077219-1	1994	We have studied whether hSOS1, a mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors responsible for activating Ras in response to growth factor stimulation, requires post-translational processing of Ras proteins to promote guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
8077219-1	1994	We have studied whether hSOS1, a mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors responsible for activating Ras in response to growth factor stimulation, requires post-translational processing of Ras proteins to promote guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	218-236	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
8077219-2	1994	Our results showed that full-length hSOS1 catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange on prenylated K-Ras(4B) but with a much lower efficiency on unprocessed K-Ras(4B).	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
8077219-2	1994	Our results showed that full-length hSOS1 catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange on prenylated K-Ras(4B) but with a much lower efficiency on unprocessed K-Ras(4B).	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	94-102
8077219-7	1994	Similarly hSOS1 promoted guanine nucleotide exchange on prenylated Ha-Ras but showed minimal activity toward unprocessed Ha-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
8077219-8	1994	Neither the polybasic domain of K-Ras (4B) or palmitoylation of Ha-Ras were required for hSOS1-promoted guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	89-94
8077219-9	1994	We attempted to identify a minimal region of hSOS1 capable of promoting guanine nucleotide exchange on both prenylated and unprocessed K-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
8077219-9	1994	We attempted to identify a minimal region of hSOS1 capable of promoting guanine nucleotide exchange on both prenylated and unprocessed K-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	135-140
8071312-5	1994	It has also been shown that SF/HGF activates the protooncogene product Ras, i.e. stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	hepatocyte growth factor	Canis lupus familiaris	28-34
7898460-1	1994	ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) comprise a family of approximately 20 kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that were discovered as one of several cofactors required in cholera toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of Gs alpha, the guanine nucleotide-binding protein responsible for stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, and was subsequently found to enhance all cholera toxin-catalyzed reactions and to directly interact with, and activate the toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	215-223
8089173-0	1994	Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor is essential for Rab1 function in budding from the endoplasmic reticulum and transport through the Golgi stack.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	59-63
8089173-2	1994	In the present study, we examine the role of guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) in regulating the function of Rab1 in the transport of vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	123-127
7898460-1	1994	ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) comprise a family of approximately 20 kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that were discovered as one of several cofactors required in cholera toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of Gs alpha, the guanine nucleotide-binding protein responsible for stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, and was subsequently found to enhance all cholera toxin-catalyzed reactions and to directly interact with, and activate the toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	229-247	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	215-223
8078913-1	1994	Growth factor-triggered activation of Ras proteins is believed to be mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (CDC25/GRF and SOS1/2) that promote formation of the active Ras GTP-bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	118-123
8078913-1	1994	Growth factor-triggered activation of Ras proteins is believed to be mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (CDC25/GRF and SOS1/2) that promote formation of the active Ras GTP-bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	growth hormone releasing hormone	Mus musculus	124-127
8078913-1	1994	Growth factor-triggered activation of Ras proteins is believed to be mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (CDC25/GRF and SOS1/2) that promote formation of the active Ras GTP-bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	132-138
8049218-0	1994	Phosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor and eukaryotic initiation factor 2 by casein kinase II regulates guanine nucleotide binding and GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	transcription termination factor 2	Homo sapiens	84-92
8058333-0	1994	Ras-15A protein shares highly similar dominant-negative biological properties with Ras-17N and forms a stable, guanine-nucleotide resistant complex with CDC25 exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	153-158
8049218-2	1994	Since guanine nucleotide exchange is the rate-limiting step in the recycling of eIF-2, we examined the effects of phosphorylation of GEF and eIF-2 on guanine nucleotide binding and the rate of GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	80-85
8049218-3	1994	Phosphorylation of the 82-kDa subunit of GEF in vitro by casein kinase (CK) II results in the stimulation of guanine nucleotide exchange [Dholakia, J. N., & Wahba, A. J.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	41-44
8049218-3	1994	Phosphorylation of the 82-kDa subunit of GEF in vitro by casein kinase (CK) II results in the stimulation of guanine nucleotide exchange [Dholakia, J. N., & Wahba, A. J.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	casein kinase 2 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	57-78
8049218-10	1994	In this study we demonstrate that treatment of CK-II-phosphorylated GEF or eIF-2 with alkaline phosphatase specifically removes more than 85% of the phosphate incorporated into the factors and alters guanine nucleotide binding to these proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	casein kinase 2 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	47-52
8049218-10	1994	In this study we demonstrate that treatment of CK-II-phosphorylated GEF or eIF-2 with alkaline phosphatase specifically removes more than 85% of the phosphate incorporated into the factors and alters guanine nucleotide binding to these proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-71
8049218-10	1994	In this study we demonstrate that treatment of CK-II-phosphorylated GEF or eIF-2 with alkaline phosphatase specifically removes more than 85% of the phosphate incorporated into the factors and alters guanine nucleotide binding to these proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	200-218	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	75-80
8052636-8	1994	(c) Guanine nucleotides that bind to EF-1 alpha protect the ubiquitin system-related activity of FH from heat inactivation, and nucleotides that do not bind do not exert this effect.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-23	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	37-47
7857771-7	1994	This phosphorylation of Gi alpha 2 is inhibited if the G-protein is first activated with GTP or inactivated with GDP, suggesting that the phosphorylation may be occurring in the guanine nucleotide binding region.	Guanine Nucleotides	178-196	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 2	Mus musculus	24-32
8036006-9	1994	Also, our data show that EGF receptors are able to phosphorylate SHC, activate the exchange of guanine nucleotide on ras and phosphorylate MAPK by a mechanism that does not require receptor autophosphorylation sites and, therefore, the src homology 2 (SH2):phosphotyrosine-dependent interaction of SHC or GRB2 with the EGF receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	25-37
8034651-6	1994	Purified recombinant human Arl3 was shown to bind guanine nucleotides but lacks ARF activity and intrinsic or ARF GTPase-activating protein-stimulated GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-69	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	27-31
8034651-7	1994	In contrast to ARF proteins, the Arl3 protein has reduced dependence on phospholipids and magnesium for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	33-37
8015606-2	1994	Although the role of the G alpha subunit in effector activation, guanine nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis has been well studied, the cellular functions of the G beta subunits are less well understood.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	G protein alpha q subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	25-32
15299413-1	1994	p21 is a small guanine nucleotide binding protein that is involved in intracellular signal transduction.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
8007958-0	1994	Expression of mutant eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha subunit (eIF-2 alpha) reduces inhibition of guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF-2B mediated by eIF-2 alpha phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Cricetulus griseus	67-78
7963069-1	1994	Pertussis toxin (islet-activating protein, IAP) sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) proteins were quantitatively determined using [32P]ADP-ribosylating response in the platelet membranes prepared from patients with affective disorders (3 bipolar, 10 major depression) and sex- and age-matched controls.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	islet amyloid polypeptide	Homo sapiens	43-46
8007958-0	1994	Expression of mutant eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha subunit (eIF-2 alpha) reduces inhibition of guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF-2B mediated by eIF-2 alpha phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Cricetulus griseus	161-172
8007958-1	1994	The inhibition of protein synthesis that occurs upon phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2 alpha) at serine 51 correlates with reduced guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF-2B in vivo and inhibition of eIF-2B activity in vitro, although it is not known if phosphorylation is the cause of the reduced eIF-2B activity in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	175-193	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Cricetulus griseus	125-136
7969818-5	1994	These results suggest the presence of NPY receptors in rat ventral prostate coupled in an inhibitory manner to adenylyl cyclase through a guanine nucleotide regulatory Gi protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
8022709-6	1994	The nonhydrolyzable GTP analog GTP-gamma-S caused a dose-dependent inhibition of 125I-[Tyr4]-bombesin binding to PC-3 and DU-145 cells, indicating that a G-protein (guanine nucleotide-binding protein) couples the bombesin receptor to intracellular effector systems.	Guanine Nucleotides	165-183	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	93-101
8022709-6	1994	The nonhydrolyzable GTP analog GTP-gamma-S caused a dose-dependent inhibition of 125I-[Tyr4]-bombesin binding to PC-3 and DU-145 cells, indicating that a G-protein (guanine nucleotide-binding protein) couples the bombesin receptor to intracellular effector systems.	Guanine Nucleotides	165-183	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	213-221
7985422-5	1994	The carboxy-terminus of the LTE1 protein also shows similarities to other guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the S. cerevisiae CDC25 family.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	mitotic regulator LTE1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-32
7518075-8	1994	Multiple sequence alignment of the G domains of Srp54p and SR alpha homologs indicates that these two polypeptides exhibit significant similarity even outside the four GTPase consensus motifs, including a block of nine contiguous amino acids in a location analogous to the binding site of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) for E. coli EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	signal recognition particle 54	Homo sapiens	48-54
8033990-1	1994	We have studied the interaction of the yeast RAS2 protein with guanine nucleotides using energetic parameters for the dissociation of RAS.nucleotide complexes.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-82	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	45-49
8206969-0	1994	Cdc25p, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Ras proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, promotes exchange by stabilizing Ras in a nucleotide-free state.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-6
8206969-3	1994	We have characterized Cdc25p enzymologically in order to gain information about the mechanism of Cdc25p-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange and to appreciate how the activity of a GNEF is integrated as a part of a basic molecular switch module consisting of Ras, GNEF, and GAP.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-28
8206969-3	1994	We have characterized Cdc25p enzymologically in order to gain information about the mechanism of Cdc25p-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange and to appreciate how the activity of a GNEF is integrated as a part of a basic molecular switch module consisting of Ras, GNEF, and GAP.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	97-103
8206969-7	1994	This suggests that Cdc25p activates Ras2p primarily by equilibrating Ras2p with the pool of free guanine nucleotides in the cell rather than by driving Ras2p inexorably into the activated state.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-116	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	19-25
8206969-7	1994	This suggests that Cdc25p activates Ras2p primarily by equilibrating Ras2p with the pool of free guanine nucleotides in the cell rather than by driving Ras2p inexorably into the activated state.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-116	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-41
8206969-7	1994	This suggests that Cdc25p activates Ras2p primarily by equilibrating Ras2p with the pool of free guanine nucleotides in the cell rather than by driving Ras2p inexorably into the activated state.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-116	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-74
8206969-7	1994	This suggests that Cdc25p activates Ras2p primarily by equilibrating Ras2p with the pool of free guanine nucleotides in the cell rather than by driving Ras2p inexorably into the activated state.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-116	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-74
8206969-11	1994	These data, in conjunction with the kinetic data, are consistent with the hypothesis that Cdc25p catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange by stabilizing a nucleotide-free intermediate of Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	90-96
7518075-8	1994	Multiple sequence alignment of the G domains of Srp54p and SR alpha homologs indicates that these two polypeptides exhibit significant similarity even outside the four GTPase consensus motifs, including a block of nine contiguous amino acids in a location analogous to the binding site of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) for E. coli EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	macrophage scavenger receptor 1	Homo sapiens	59-67
8196614-10	1994	We show that both H-rasAsn-17 and H-rasTyr-57, compared with wild-type H-ras, are defective in their guanine nucleotide-dependent release from human cdc25 and that this defect is more severe for the H-rasTyr-57 mutant.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	18-23
7525030-15	1994	These data indicate a reversal of control by AII in the hypertrophic Dahl S heart in response to forskolin, which activates adenylyl cyclase directly on the catalytic subunit, converting the substrate, ATP, to cAMP, independent of the guanine nucleotide activated protein, and in response to isoproterenol, which activates adenylyl cyclase through G protein mechanisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	235-253	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	45-48
7917105-1	1994	The guanine nucleotide binding proteins p21ras are activated by the T-cell antigen receptor and play a critical role in transducing signals from the T-cell receptor to the cell nucleus.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	40-46
8196614-10	1994	We show that both H-rasAsn-17 and H-rasTyr-57, compared with wild-type H-ras, are defective in their guanine nucleotide-dependent release from human cdc25 and that this defect is more severe for the H-rasTyr-57 mutant.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	149-154
8187757-3	1994	We report here that overexpression in PC12 cells of Rab3a mutant proteins defective in either GTP hydrolysis or in guanine nucleotide binding inhibited exocytosis, as measured by a double indirect immunofluorescence assay.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	52-57
8175881-0	1994	A Rab1 mutant affecting guanine nucleotide exchange promotes disassembly of the Golgi apparatus.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	2-6
8188742-9	1994	Two proteins were found to be tightly associated with the membranes of the HSPG carrying vesicles: a member of the ADP ribosylation factor family of small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and an unknown 14-kD peripheral membrane protein (VAPP14).	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	syndecan 2	Rattus norvegicus	75-79
8175881-7	1994	125: 225-237), and mutant rab1a(N124I) defective in guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-31
8164676-0	1994	Mutations in the GCD7 subunit of yeast guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF-2B overcome the inhibitory effects of phosphorylated eIF-2 on translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit beta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	17-21
7921778-2	1994	This suggested similarities of the three-dimensional structure (3D structure) between the human PAF receptor and other receptors that couple to guanine nucleotide binding (G) proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	96-99
8161545-2	1994	Gs is inactive when GDP is bound to the guanine nucleotide binding site of the alpha-subunit (Gs alpha).	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	94-102
8138575-5	1994	Consistent with the role of guanine nucleotide exchange in Sar1 function, a trans-dominant mutant (Sar1a[T39N]) with a preferential affinity for GDP also strongly inhibited vesicle budding from the ER.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	59-63
8148370-7	1994	The rat p67 sequence was highly homologous to a family of recently described human and mouse gamma-interferon inducible, guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	guanylate binding protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	8-11
8148370-7	1994	The rat p67 sequence was highly homologous to a family of recently described human and mouse gamma-interferon inducible, guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	93-109
8168527-4	1994	The anti-epsilon antibody inhibits both the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF-2B and protein synthesis in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate at the level of initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	84-90
8138575-5	1994	Consistent with the role of guanine nucleotide exchange in Sar1 function, a trans-dominant mutant (Sar1a[T39N]) with a preferential affinity for GDP also strongly inhibited vesicle budding from the ER.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	99-104
8135791-3	1994	Of the two CDC25 fragments containing the conserved catalytic domain, only CDC25-509 could enhance the guanine nucleotide exchange on RAS2.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	11-16
8028716-5	1994	Thus, the binding of CGRP to fish gill membranes activates adenylate cyclase via a guanine nucleotide dependent mechanism, suggesting the involvement of a guanine nucleotide-binding stimulatory protein in the action of CGRP in fishes.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	21-25
8028716-5	1994	Thus, the binding of CGRP to fish gill membranes activates adenylate cyclase via a guanine nucleotide dependent mechanism, suggesting the involvement of a guanine nucleotide-binding stimulatory protein in the action of CGRP in fishes.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	21-25
8028716-5	1994	Thus, the binding of CGRP to fish gill membranes activates adenylate cyclase via a guanine nucleotide dependent mechanism, suggesting the involvement of a guanine nucleotide-binding stimulatory protein in the action of CGRP in fishes.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	219-223
7941732-2	1994	Cdc42p is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases and Cdc24p displays limited amino-acid sequence similarity with the Dbl proto-oncoprotein, which acts to stimulate guanine-nucleotide exchange on human Cdc42p.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-6
7941732-2	1994	Cdc42p is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases and Cdc24p displays limited amino-acid sequence similarity with the Dbl proto-oncoprotein, which acts to stimulate guanine-nucleotide exchange on human Cdc42p.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-63
7941732-2	1994	Cdc42p is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases and Cdc24p displays limited amino-acid sequence similarity with the Dbl proto-oncoprotein, which acts to stimulate guanine-nucleotide exchange on human Cdc42p.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	121-124
7941732-2	1994	Cdc42p is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases and Cdc24p displays limited amino-acid sequence similarity with the Dbl proto-oncoprotein, which acts to stimulate guanine-nucleotide exchange on human Cdc42p.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	205-211
8135791-3	1994	Of the two CDC25 fragments containing the conserved catalytic domain, only CDC25-509 could enhance the guanine nucleotide exchange on RAS2.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	75-80
8135791-3	1994	Of the two CDC25 fragments containing the conserved catalytic domain, only CDC25-509 could enhance the guanine nucleotide exchange on RAS2.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	134-138
8139926-1	1994	Go alpha a guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein abundant in brain and other neural tissues, has been implicated in ion channel regulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	tripartite motif containing 47	Homo sapiens	0-8
8146159-1	1994	The nuclear Ras-related protein Ran binds guanine nucleotide and is involved in cell cycle regulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	32-35
8118033-0	1994	Priming effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor are coupled to cholera toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide binding protein in human T lymphocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	19-67
8120032-0	1994	Cytosolic guanine nucleotide-binding protein Rac2 operates in vivo as a component of the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
8125125-10	1994	Furthermore, the C3a- and C5a-induced production of ROS of eosinophils was totally inhibited by pertussis toxin, indicating the involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (Gi-proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	complement C3	Homo sapiens	17-20
8125125-10	1994	Furthermore, the C3a- and C5a-induced production of ROS of eosinophils was totally inhibited by pertussis toxin, indicating the involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (Gi-proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
8106346-6	1994	These observations provide compelling evidence that ARF1 is a necessary GTP binding protein that regulates the reversible binding of coat proteins to Golgi membranes and that the effects of BFA on this process in living cells must be a consequence of BFA"s inhibition of guanine nucleotide exchange onto ARF1.	Guanine Nucleotides	271-289	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	52-56
8114695-7	1994	Furthermore, Shc immune complexes contained guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward p21ras in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
8114695-7	1994	Furthermore, Shc immune complexes contained guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward p21ras in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	88-91
8106440-2	1994	We previously demonstrated that the beta 2-adrenergic receptor and other receptors that stimulate adenylyl cyclase by activating Gs stimulate NHE1 by a guanine nucleotide-dependent mechanism that is independent of receptor coupling to Gs.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	36-62
8106440-2	1994	We previously demonstrated that the beta 2-adrenergic receptor and other receptors that stimulate adenylyl cyclase by activating Gs stimulate NHE1 by a guanine nucleotide-dependent mechanism that is independent of receptor coupling to Gs.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	142-146
8108407-4	1994	The affinity-purified factors from HeLa cells specifically bind to the mtTFA NRF-1 and NRF-2 sites through guanine nucleotide contacts that are characteristic for each site.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	transcription factor A, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	71-76
8108407-4	1994	The affinity-purified factors from HeLa cells specifically bind to the mtTFA NRF-1 and NRF-2 sites through guanine nucleotide contacts that are characteristic for each site.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	nuclear respiratory factor 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
8108407-4	1994	The affinity-purified factors from HeLa cells specifically bind to the mtTFA NRF-1 and NRF-2 sites through guanine nucleotide contacts that are characteristic for each site.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	87-92
8299730-1	1994	The CDC25Mm gene codes for Ras-guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1	Mus musculus	4-11
8113975-3	1994	In this study, we systematically examined the effects of cations and guanine nucleotides on the binding of mu-agonist [D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Met-(O)5-ol]enkephalin in rat spinal cord and brain membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	150-160
8106638-13	1994	As p53 protein is a regulator of guanine nucleotide synthesis, the loss of normal inhibitory regulation by the p53 mutation would serve to increase the availability of GTP for the transduction of signals essential for increased cell growth and hormone expression in the adrenal tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	3-6
8106638-13	1994	As p53 protein is a regulator of guanine nucleotide synthesis, the loss of normal inhibitory regulation by the p53 mutation would serve to increase the availability of GTP for the transduction of signals essential for increased cell growth and hormone expression in the adrenal tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	111-114
8300560-1	1994	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange by Cdc24 and stimulation of GTPase activity by Bem3.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	44-49
8289791-1	1994	Ras proteins are activated in vivo by guanine nucleotide exchange factors encoded by genes homologous to the CDC25 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	109-114
8045917-13	1994	Addition of the non-hydrolyzable guanine-nucleotide analog GTP [S] to the binding buffer caused a significant reduction in the amount of [125I-Tyr4]bombesin bound to the cells, indicating that the bombesin receptor is coupled to a G-protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	148-156
8304967-3	1994	Guanine nucleotides dose-dependently inhibited VIP binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Canis lupus familiaris	47-50
8276860-0	1994	Cellular transformation and guanine nucleotide exchange activity are catalyzed by a common domain on the dbl oncogene product.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	105-108
21566909-0	1994	Increased p21ras-specific Guanine-nucleotide exchange causes tumor-formation in nude-mice.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	10-16
7505797-11	1994	Thus, p210bcr-abl appears to function in a hematopoietic p21ras activation pathway to allow growth factor-independent coupling between Grb2, which exists in a complex with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Sos), and p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	6-9
7505797-11	1994	Thus, p210bcr-abl appears to function in a hematopoietic p21ras activation pathway to allow growth factor-independent coupling between Grb2, which exists in a complex with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Sos), and p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Mus musculus	135-139
8045917-13	1994	Addition of the non-hydrolyzable guanine-nucleotide analog GTP [S] to the binding buffer caused a significant reduction in the amount of [125I-Tyr4]bombesin bound to the cells, indicating that the bombesin receptor is coupled to a G-protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	197-205
8142894-1	1994	We have utilized Raman difference spectroscopy to investigate hydrogen bonding interactions of the guanine moiety in guanine nucleotides with the binding site of two G proteins, EF-Tu (elongation factor Tu from Escherichia coli) and the c-Harvey ras protein, p21 (the gene product of the human c-H-ras proto-oncogene).	Guanine Nucleotides	117-136	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	178-183
8983059-9	1994	The presence of these domains suggests a role for Dlg in guanine nucleotide-mediated signal transduction.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	discs large 1	Drosophila melanogaster	50-53
8142894-1	1994	We have utilized Raman difference spectroscopy to investigate hydrogen bonding interactions of the guanine moiety in guanine nucleotides with the binding site of two G proteins, EF-Tu (elongation factor Tu from Escherichia coli) and the c-Harvey ras protein, p21 (the gene product of the human c-H-ras proto-oncogene).	Guanine Nucleotides	117-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	259-262
8142894-1	1994	We have utilized Raman difference spectroscopy to investigate hydrogen bonding interactions of the guanine moiety in guanine nucleotides with the binding site of two G proteins, EF-Tu (elongation factor Tu from Escherichia coli) and the c-Harvey ras protein, p21 (the gene product of the human c-H-ras proto-oncogene).	Guanine Nucleotides	117-136	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	294-301
8255297-3	1993	One known regulator, the protein RCC1 (refs 12, 13), interacts with Ran to catalyse guanine nucleotide exchange, and both RCC1 and Ran are components of an intrinsic checkpoint control that prevents the premature initiation of mitosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
7908748-6	1994	These observations suggest that somatostatin down-regulates beta-adrenergic function of airway smooth muscle through activation of an inhibitory guanine nucleotide (GTP)-binding regulatory protein, Gi, coupled to adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	145-163	somatostatin	Canis lupus familiaris	32-44
8255297-3	1993	One known regulator, the protein RCC1 (refs 12, 13), interacts with Ran to catalyse guanine nucleotide exchange, and both RCC1 and Ran are components of an intrinsic checkpoint control that prevents the premature initiation of mitosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	68-71
8246988-6	1993	Each type of GRF protein was found in cytosolic and membrane fractions, and the protein in each fraction could stimulate guanine nucleotide release from GDP.Ras in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	growth hormone releasing hormone	Mus musculus	13-16
8265625-1	1993	The 14-residue peptide (peptide 14) corresponding to Arg2410-Lys2423 of the insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) can activate the adenylate cyclase-inhibitor guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gi, and the 15-residue beta III-2 peptide Arg259-Lys273 of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2AR) can activate the stimulatory protein Gs.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	insulin like growth factor 2 receptor	Homo sapiens	76-114
8265625-1	1993	The 14-residue peptide (peptide 14) corresponding to Arg2410-Lys2423 of the insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) can activate the adenylate cyclase-inhibitor guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gi, and the 15-residue beta III-2 peptide Arg259-Lys273 of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2AR) can activate the stimulatory protein Gs.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	insulin like growth factor 2 receptor	Homo sapiens	116-123
8265625-1	1993	The 14-residue peptide (peptide 14) corresponding to Arg2410-Lys2423 of the insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) can activate the adenylate cyclase-inhibitor guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gi, and the 15-residue beta III-2 peptide Arg259-Lys273 of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2AR) can activate the stimulatory protein Gs.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	268-294
8265625-1	1993	The 14-residue peptide (peptide 14) corresponding to Arg2410-Lys2423 of the insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) can activate the adenylate cyclase-inhibitor guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gi, and the 15-residue beta III-2 peptide Arg259-Lys273 of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2AR) can activate the stimulatory protein Gs.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	296-304
8246988-9	1993	We conclude that each type of CDC25Mm induces cell transformation via the ability of its C terminus to stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange on Ras, the presence of N-terminal sequences is associated with a serum-dependent change in GTP.Ras, and the serum-dependent increase in GTP.Ras by exogenous CDC25Mm or by endogenous exchange factors probably requires membrane association of both Ras and the exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1	Mus musculus	30-37
8226909-0	1993	Prenylation of Rab5 is dependent on guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	15-19
8226909-6	1993	Since the latter mutation results in defective GTPase activity, these combined observations indicate that guanine nucleotide binding plays an important role in the geranylgeranylation reaction and suggest that the GDP-bound form of Rab5 is the preferred conformation for interaction with Rab prenyltransferase.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	232-236
8226999-9	1993	Substitution mutations in the guanine nucleotide binding motifs showed dramatic effects on rab5 function.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	91-95
8226995-8	1993	Mutations in the effector domain, a site important for the interaction of Rab3A with its guanine nucleotide releasing factor, guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, and GTPase-activating protein, eliminated the ability of Rab3A to cross-link to p85.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	74-79
8226999-10	1993	In addition to the previously reported N133I mutation, the S34N mutation also resulted in a guanine nucleotide binding defective form that was a dominant inhibitor of endogenous rab5 activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	178-182
8226995-8	1993	Mutations in the effector domain, a site important for the interaction of Rab3A with its guanine nucleotide releasing factor, guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, and GTPase-activating protein, eliminated the ability of Rab3A to cross-link to p85.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	226-231
8223626-9	1993	These results suggest that post-translational modifications of rab6p might induce subtle changes in the three-dimensional structure of the protein which affect the guanine-nucleotide-binding/hydrolysis activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-68
7901201-10	1993	Interestingly, the thioesterase recognizes H-Ras as a substrate only when H-Ras is in its native conformation (bound to Mg2+ and guanine nucleotide).	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Bos taurus	43-48
7693872-7	1993	These results suggest that pertussis toxin potentiates proenkephalin synthesis primarily through inactivation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase, although other signaling pathways may also be involved.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	55-68
8240325-1	1993	A soluble form of G25K from brain co-purified with a 28 kDa protein, which was identified as guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) protein, similar or identical to rhoGDI.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	18-22
8226729-7	1993	These data are consistent with the concept of an ordered Rab3A cycle controlled by factors that regulate the guanine-nucleotide binding state of Rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	57-62
8226729-7	1993	These data are consistent with the concept of an ordered Rab3A cycle controlled by factors that regulate the guanine-nucleotide binding state of Rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	145-150
8402898-3	1993	Selective binding to a subset of 15 different recombinant SH3 domains occurs through proline-rich sequence motifs similar to those that mediate the interaction of the SH3 domains of Grb2 and Abl proteins to the guanine nucleotide exchange protein, Sos, and to the 3BP1 protein, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	211-229	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	182-186
8402898-3	1993	Selective binding to a subset of 15 different recombinant SH3 domains occurs through proline-rich sequence motifs similar to those that mediate the interaction of the SH3 domains of Grb2 and Abl proteins to the guanine nucleotide exchange protein, Sos, and to the 3BP1 protein, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	211-229	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	191-194
8402898-3	1993	Selective binding to a subset of 15 different recombinant SH3 domains occurs through proline-rich sequence motifs similar to those that mediate the interaction of the SH3 domains of Grb2 and Abl proteins to the guanine nucleotide exchange protein, Sos, and to the 3BP1 protein, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	211-229	SH3 domain binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	264-268
7901201-10	1993	Interestingly, the thioesterase recognizes H-Ras as a substrate only when H-Ras is in its native conformation (bound to Mg2+ and guanine nucleotide).	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Bos taurus	74-79
8223569-5	1993	The M&B 28767-stimulated GTPase activity consisted of pertussis-toxin-sensitive and cholera-toxin-sensitive portions in the EP3 gamma-expressing cell membrane, suggested that EP3 gamma is coupled to both guanine nucleotide-binding inhibitory and stimulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	208-226	prostaglandin E receptor 3 (subtype EP3)	Mus musculus	179-182
8260648-7	1993	The present review focuses on TCR and IL-2R regulation of two common intracellular signalling pathways: the regulation of a PtdIns-3-kinase and the activation of the guanine nucleotide binding proteins p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	30-33
8260648-7	1993	The present review focuses on TCR and IL-2R regulation of two common intracellular signalling pathways: the regulation of a PtdIns-3-kinase and the activation of the guanine nucleotide binding proteins p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	38-43
8260648-7	1993	The present review focuses on TCR and IL-2R regulation of two common intracellular signalling pathways: the regulation of a PtdIns-3-kinase and the activation of the guanine nucleotide binding proteins p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	202-208
8377826-4	1993	We show here that a purified fragment of Sec12 promotes guanine-nucleotide dissociation from Sar1 whereas the purified mutant Sec12-1 has only 15% of the wild-type activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Sar family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC12	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	41-46
7934812-8	1993	Phosphorylation of eIF-2 by the protein kinase GCN2 decreases the concentration of eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNA(iMet) complexes by inhibiting the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, which is the same mechanism utilized in mammalian cells to inhibit total protein synthesis by phosphorylation of eIF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	19-24
7934812-8	1993	Phosphorylation of eIF-2 by the protein kinase GCN2 decreases the concentration of eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNA(iMet) complexes by inhibiting the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, which is the same mechanism utilized in mammalian cells to inhibit total protein synthesis by phosphorylation of eIF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 4	Homo sapiens	47-51
7934812-8	1993	Phosphorylation of eIF-2 by the protein kinase GCN2 decreases the concentration of eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNA(iMet) complexes by inhibiting the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, which is the same mechanism utilized in mammalian cells to inhibit total protein synthesis by phosphorylation of eIF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	83-88
7934812-8	1993	Phosphorylation of eIF-2 by the protein kinase GCN2 decreases the concentration of eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNA(iMet) complexes by inhibiting the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, which is the same mechanism utilized in mammalian cells to inhibit total protein synthesis by phosphorylation of eIF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	83-88
7934812-8	1993	Phosphorylation of eIF-2 by the protein kinase GCN2 decreases the concentration of eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNA(iMet) complexes by inhibiting the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, which is the same mechanism utilized in mammalian cells to inhibit total protein synthesis by phosphorylation of eIF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	83-88
8377826-4	1993	We show here that a purified fragment of Sec12 promotes guanine-nucleotide dissociation from Sar1 whereas the purified mutant Sec12-1 has only 15% of the wild-type activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Arf family GTPase SAR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	93-97
8397512-9	1993	IFN-gamma-stimulated AA release was completely blocked by the guanine nucleotide analogue that inhibits G-protein function, guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]).	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
8375504-0	1993	Asparagine-135 of elongation factor Tu is a crucial residue for the folding of the guanine nucleotide binding pocket.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	18-38
8245836-2	1993	One of the components involved in cAMP production is the CDC25 gene product, which can activate the RAS/adenylate cyclase pathway by promoting the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to RAS.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-178	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-62
8398979-0	1993	Guanine nucleotide binding proteins mediate the chemotactic signal of transforming growth factor-beta 1 in rat IL-2 activated natural killer cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	111-115
8361768-7	1993	The mutations at A66 show for the first time that helix alpha 2 of p21ras is involved in the stimulation of guanine nucleotide exchange by exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	67-73
8344248-2	1993	In addition to its association with Ras, GAP binds stably to autophosphorylated beta PDGF receptors, and to two cytoplasmic phosphoproteins: p62, an RNA binding protein, and p190, which possesses GAP activity towards small guanine nucleotide binding proteins in the Rho/Rac family.	Guanine Nucleotides	223-241	contactin associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	174-178
8398979-2	1993	Various doses of cholera toxin (CT) or pertussis toxin (PT) inhibited the activity of TGF-beta 1 suggesting a role for guanine nucleotide binding (G) proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	86-96
8336705-3	1993	Previous genetic and biochemical experiments led to the conclusion that GCD1, GCD2, and GCN3 are components of the GCD complex, recently shown to be the yeast equivalent of the mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, known as eIF-2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit gamma	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-76
8336705-3	1993	Previous genetic and biochemical experiments led to the conclusion that GCD1, GCD2, and GCN3 are components of the GCD complex, recently shown to be the yeast equivalent of the mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, known as eIF-2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit delta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-82
8336705-3	1993	Previous genetic and biochemical experiments led to the conclusion that GCD1, GCD2, and GCN3 are components of the GCD complex, recently shown to be the yeast equivalent of the mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, known as eIF-2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	88-92
8336705-3	1993	Previous genetic and biochemical experiments led to the conclusion that GCD1, GCD2, and GCN3 are components of the GCD complex, recently shown to be the yeast equivalent of the mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, known as eIF-2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	226-231
8336705-3	1993	Previous genetic and biochemical experiments led to the conclusion that GCD1, GCD2, and GCN3 are components of the GCD complex, recently shown to be the yeast equivalent of the mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, known as eIF-2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	242-248
8336705-10	1993	The fact that all five subunits of yeast eIF-2B were first identified as translational regulators of GCN4 strongly suggests that regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF-2 is a key control point for translation in yeast cells just as in mammalian cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	41-47
8336705-10	1993	The fact that all five subunits of yeast eIF-2B were first identified as translational regulators of GCN4 strongly suggests that regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF-2 is a key control point for translation in yeast cells just as in mammalian cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor GCN4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	101-105
8336705-10	1993	The fact that all five subunits of yeast eIF-2B were first identified as translational regulators of GCN4 strongly suggests that regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF-2 is a key control point for translation in yeast cells just as in mammalian cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	41-46
8325834-8	1993	These findings imply that the effector domain plays a key role in the isoprenylation of Rab proteins, either by serving as a prenyltransferase binding site or by facilitating interactions with accessory proteins that allow Rab1B to assume a specific guanine nucleotide-dependent conformation that is recognized by GGTase II.	Guanine Nucleotides	250-268	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	88-91
8325834-8	1993	These findings imply that the effector domain plays a key role in the isoprenylation of Rab proteins, either by serving as a prenyltransferase binding site or by facilitating interactions with accessory proteins that allow Rab1B to assume a specific guanine nucleotide-dependent conformation that is recognized by GGTase II.	Guanine Nucleotides	250-268	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	223-228
8323978-0	1993	Characterization of interleukin-8 receptors in human neutrophil membranes: regulation by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-108	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	20-33
8100782-1	1993	The involvement of the small GTP-binding protein rab3A in synaptic transmission was tested by presynaptic microinjection of guanine nucleotides and peptides corresponding to the effector domain of rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-143	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-54
8510922-3	1993	Proto-vav encodes a protein that contains one SH2 domain and two Src Homology 3 (SH3) domains, in addition to a number of other motifs usually found in transcriptional factors and guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	6-9
8414196-0	1993	Expression of smg p25A/rab 3A guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) in neurons and glial cells from rat brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	23-29
8414196-3	1993	In this study, expression of a regulatory protein for smg p25A/rab 3A, guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (smg p25A/rab 3A GDI), in neurons and glia isolated from rat brain was examined.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	63-69
8414196-3	1993	In this study, expression of a regulatory protein for smg p25A/rab 3A, guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (smg p25A/rab 3A GDI), in neurons and glia isolated from rat brain was examined.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	123-129
8323978-3	1993	The present study characterizes IL-8 receptors in isolated PMN membrane fractions and shows direct regulation of these receptors by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-151	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	32-36
8323978-12	1993	These findings demonstrate that IL-8 receptors in PMN membranes are of high affinity and are convertible to a low-affinity state in the presence of guanine nucleotides, suggesting a direct role for G proteins in transmembrane signaling by this cytokine.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-167	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	32-36
8504089-5	1993	Direct binding of rho-GDI to the GTP gamma S-bound forms of these G-proteins was demonstrated by gel filtration following exchange with radiolabeled guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	18-25
8516302-5	1993	Here, we describe mutational analysis of Ha-ras for the identification of residues critical for the ability of Ras to interact with Cdc25 and related guanine nucleotide-release proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	132-137
8504089-3	1993	The component was isolated as a complex of rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor (rho-GDI) and two members of the rho subfamily of ras-related guanine nucleotide binding proteins, rac2 and CDC42Hs.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	182-189
8506384-4	1993	In vitro, this complex catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF-2 and overcomes the inhibitory effect of GDP on formation of eIF-2.GTP.Met-initiator tRNA(Met) ternary complexes.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-69
8100352-6	1993	High affinity agonist binding to hSSTR4 was significantly reduced by GTP and pertussis toxin, indicating association of the expressed receptor with pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-192	somatostatin receptor 4	Homo sapiens	33-39
8506384-4	1993	In vitro, this complex catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF-2 and overcomes the inhibitory effect of GDP on formation of eIF-2.GTP.Met-initiator tRNA(Met) ternary complexes.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	129-134
8388382-3	1993	The 561 amino acid composing the C-terminal domain of CDC25 (CDC25 C-domain) released guanine nucleotides (both GDP and GTP) from Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras but not from Rap1A, Rab5, and Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-105	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	54-59
8388382-3	1993	The 561 amino acid composing the C-terminal domain of CDC25 (CDC25 C-domain) released guanine nucleotides (both GDP and GTP) from Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras but not from Rap1A, Rab5, and Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-105	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	61-66
8388382-3	1993	The 561 amino acid composing the C-terminal domain of CDC25 (CDC25 C-domain) released guanine nucleotides (both GDP and GTP) from Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras but not from Rap1A, Rab5, and Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-105	neuroblastoma ras oncogene	Mus musculus	144-149
8493579-4	1993	This hSos1 domain specifically stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange on mammalian Ras proteins in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	5-10
8388382-3	1993	The 561 amino acid composing the C-terminal domain of CDC25 (CDC25 C-domain) released guanine nucleotides (both GDP and GTP) from Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras but not from Rap1A, Rab5, and Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-105	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	180-185
8493579-5	1993	Mammalian cells overexpressing full-length hSos1 had increased guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	43-48
8484124-0	1993	Tyrosine kinase-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Vav in T cell activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-15
8496156-7	1993	This utilizes the increase of fluorescence anisotropy upon binding of GAP to p21ras complexed with 2"(3")-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl) (mant) derivatives of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-172	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	77-83
8388251-0	1993	Mutation of tyrosine-350 impairs the coupling of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor to the stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein without interfering with receptor down-regulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	beta-2 adrenergic receptor	Cricetulus griseus	53-79
8387483-4	1993	HGF/SF stimulation of metabolically labeled A549 cells raised the amount of Ras-bound radiolabeled guanine nucleotides by over 5-fold.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-118	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	0-6
8387483-7	1993	Moreover, HGF/SF treatment of A549 cells leads to stimulation of the cytosolic Ras-guanine nucleotide exchange activity, measured as accelerated release of [3H]GDP from purified recombinant Ras protein in vitro, in a dose- and time-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	10-16
8387483-9	1993	These data demonstrate that HGF/SF activates Ras protein by shifting the equilibrium toward the GTP-bound state and increases the uptake of guanine nucleotides by Ras, through mechanism(s) including the activation of a Ras-guanine nucleotide exchanger.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-159	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	28-34
8387483-9	1993	These data demonstrate that HGF/SF activates Ras protein by shifting the equilibrium toward the GTP-bound state and increases the uptake of guanine nucleotides by Ras, through mechanism(s) including the activation of a Ras-guanine nucleotide exchanger.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	28-34
8484124-0	1993	Tyrosine kinase-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Vav in T cell activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	67-70
8386224-3	1993	Inclusion of U-73122, an aminosteroid inhibitor of guanine nucleotide-regulated PIC activity in these cells, resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of NaF-stimulated inositol lipid hydrolysis (IC50 of approximately 3.5 microM).	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	152-155
8491184-1	1993	RhoGDI inhibits guanine nucleotide dissociation from post-translationally processed Rho and Rac proteins but its biochemical role in vivo is unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	0-6
8491184-1	1993	RhoGDI inhibits guanine nucleotide dissociation from post-translationally processed Rho and Rac proteins but its biochemical role in vivo is unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	92-95
8502230-7	1993	The rate of uncoupling of formyl peptide receptor from G protein in the presence of high concentrations of guanine nucleotide was > or = 5 sec-1 (i.e., t1/2 of 0.14 sec).	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	secretory blood group 1, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	142-147
8386227-0	1993	Modulation of neuropeptide FF receptors by guanine nucleotides and cations in membranes of rat brain and spinal cord.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-62	neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	14-29
8473324-2	1993	ARD 1 genes encode a putative 64-kDa protein that contains an 18-kDa ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) domain at the carboxyl terminus and is much larger than the other monomeric approximately 20-kDa guanine nucleotide-binding ARF proteins thus far identified.	Guanine Nucleotides	196-214	tripartite motif containing 23	Homo sapiens	0-5
8097876-7	1993	Fluoride, a well-known activator of guanine nucleotide binding (G) protein, stimulated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and secretion of PST and SMT in a dose-dependent manner in the range of 5-40 mM.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	somatostatin	Homo sapiens	144-147
8473324-5	1993	The ARF domain of ARD 1 contains the consensus sequences believed to be involved in guanine nucleotide binding, which are conserved in the ARFs and other GTP-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	tripartite motif containing 23	Homo sapiens	18-23
8386636-1	1993	Proton-NMR signals in the downfield region (below approximately 10 ppm) have been shown to provide a useful spectroscopic window to monitor the binding of guanine nucleotides to the active site of GTP/GDP-binding proteins via H-bonds, as specified here by the 21-kDa product of the c-H-ras gene (p21).	Guanine Nucleotides	155-174	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	282-289
8386636-1	1993	Proton-NMR signals in the downfield region (below approximately 10 ppm) have been shown to provide a useful spectroscopic window to monitor the binding of guanine nucleotides to the active site of GTP/GDP-binding proteins via H-bonds, as specified here by the 21-kDa product of the c-H-ras gene (p21).	Guanine Nucleotides	155-174	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
8462098-0	1993	A Drosophila SH2-SH3 adaptor protein implicated in coupling the sevenless tyrosine kinase to an activator of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange, Sos.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	Son of sevenless	Drosophila melanogaster	142-145
8458416-1	1993	The activation of adenylate cyclase by guanine nucleotides and 6-deoxyglucose was studied in membrane preparations from S. cerevisiae mutants lacking the CDC25 gene product.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-58	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-35
8489524-4	1993	Vav may play a role in hematopoietic cell signaling by coupling tyrosine kinase pathways to ras-like GTPases through the regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
7680343-7	1993	These features suggest a possible role for SAP90 in a guanine nucleotide-mediated signal transduction pathway at a subset of GABAergic synapses in the rat cerebellum.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	43-48
8444865-0	1993	Characterization of the gene for ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) 2, a developmentally regulated, selectively expressed member of the ARF family of approximately 20-kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	33-64
8392573-0	1993	Guanine nucleotide binding proteins mediate D2 dopamine receptor activation of a potassium channel in rat lactotrophs.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	dopamine receptor D2	Rattus norvegicus	44-64
8441380-0	1993	Influence of guanine nucleotides on complex formation between Ras and CDC25 proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-32	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	70-75
8384238-4	1993	IFN-gamma also induced priming toward the stimulant NaF, a direct activator of guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
8384238-4	1993	IFN-gamma also induced priming toward the stimulant NaF, a direct activator of guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	52-55
8441380-8	1993	This higher affinity of CDC25 for the nucleotide-free form than for either the GDP- or GTP-bound form suggests that CDC25 catalyzes exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to Ras proteins by stabilization of the transitory nucleotide-free state.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-163	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-29
8441380-1	1993	The Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC25 gene and closely homologous genes in other eukaryotes encode guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ras proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-34
8441380-8	1993	This higher affinity of CDC25 for the nucleotide-free form than for either the GDP- or GTP-bound form suggests that CDC25 catalyzes exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to Ras proteins by stabilization of the transitory nucleotide-free state.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-163	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	116-121
7683401-3	1993	Binding studies of the selective mu opioid receptor agonist [D-Ala2, MePhe4,Gly(ol)5]enkephalin (DAMGO) to mouse brain membrane preparations demonstrated that guanine nucleotide modulation of DAMGO binding affinity was modified by SP.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	tachykinin 1	Mus musculus	231-233
8441421-0	1993	Epidermal growth factor regulates the exchange rate of guanine nucleotides on p21ras in fibroblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-74	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-23
8441421-0	1993	Epidermal growth factor regulates the exchange rate of guanine nucleotides on p21ras in fibroblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-74	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
8441421-2	1993	By using the bacterial toxin streptolysin O to permeabilize these cells, it was shown that the low basal rate at which guanine nucleotides bind to, and dissociate from, ras-encoded protein in quiescent fibroblasts was greatly accelerated by EGF treatment.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-138	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	241-244
8441421-6	1993	Regulation of ras-encoded protein in Rat-1 fibroblasts is therefore mediated by stimulation, either directly or indirectly, of ras-encoded protein-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors by the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	199-202
8441423-0	1993	Evidence that GCD6 and GCD7, translational regulators of GCN4, are subunits of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	translation initiation factor eIF2B catalytic subunit epsilon	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
8441423-0	1993	Evidence that GCD6 and GCD7, translational regulators of GCN4, are subunits of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit beta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	23-27
8441423-0	1993	Evidence that GCD6 and GCD7, translational regulators of GCN4, are subunits of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor GCN4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-61
8382086-0	1993	Functional interaction of prostaglandin E receptor EP3 subtype with guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, showing low-affinity ligand binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	prostaglandin E receptor 3 (subtype EP3)	Mus musculus	51-54
8381837-4	1993	Bacterial toxins such as cholera toxin or pertussis toxin inhibited IL-8-induced chemokinetic activity, suggesting the involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins in IL-8 signal transduction in these cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	68-72
8381837-4	1993	Bacterial toxins such as cholera toxin or pertussis toxin inhibited IL-8-induced chemokinetic activity, suggesting the involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins in IL-8 signal transduction in these cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	177-181
8436180-0	1993	Covalent binding of guanine nucleotides to the CD3-gamma chain of the T cell receptor/CD3 complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-39	CD3 gamma subunit of T-cell receptor complex	Homo sapiens	47-56
8094668-4	1993	Using a modified cell-free translation system, we have shown that MKu inhibits translation, consistent with the above observations concerning the site of phosphorylation and the effect of phosphorylation on eIF-2B-mediated guanine-nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	223-241	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	207-213
8381507-0	1993	Solubilization and characterization of a guanine nucleotide-sensitive form of the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	82-113
8381507-1	1993	Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptors were solubilized from rat cerebellum membranes in an active, stable, and guanine nucleotide-sensitive form by using digitonin.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-31
8381507-1	1993	Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptors were solubilized from rat cerebellum membranes in an active, stable, and guanine nucleotide-sensitive form by using digitonin.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	33-37
8417348-7	1993	The predicted GCD11 polypeptide contains all of the consensus elements known to be required for guanine nucleotide binding, suggesting that, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the gamma subunit of eIF-2 is responsible for GDP-GTP binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	translation initiation factor eIF2 subunit gamma	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-19
8511040-1	1993	The Rab branch of the Ras-related guanine nucleotide (GTP/GDP)-binding proteins currently includes at least thirty related members which are involved in the intracellular vesicular transport along the secretory and endocytic pathways in eukaryotic cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	RAB2A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-7
8419365-6	1993	Purified Sar1p binds guanine nucleotides specifically and exhibits GTPase activity (0.001 min-1).	Guanine Nucleotides	21-40	Arf family GTPase SAR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	9-14
8419371-5	1993	All three mutations influence the dissociation constants and the association and dissociation rate constants of the interaction between guanine nucleotides and p21, but to a different degree.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-155	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	160-163
8419371-7	1993	31P NMR spectra of the GDP and Gpp(NH)p (guanosine-5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate) complexes of mutated p21 show a remarkable perturbation of the guanine nucleotide-binding site compared to wild-type protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
8299426-2	1993	The structure of the guanine nucleotide-binding domain of H-Ras (or p21H-ras) in the triphosphate conformation was determined at very high resolution (1.4 A).	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	58-63
8111971-3	1993	We identify here the translational initiation complex, eIF-4F, and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, eIF-2B, as the rate controlling components of protein synthesis in immature oocytes of the starfish, Pisaster orchraceus.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	110-115
8111971-3	1993	We identify here the translational initiation complex, eIF-4F, and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF-2, eIF-2B, as the rate controlling components of protein synthesis in immature oocytes of the starfish, Pisaster orchraceus.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	117-123
8094051-5	1993	The encoded protein stimulates the dissociation of guanine nucleotides from the ras-related ralA and ralB GTPases at a rate at least 30-fold faster than the intrinsic nucleotide dissociation rate.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-70	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	92-96
8094051-5	1993	The encoded protein stimulates the dissociation of guanine nucleotides from the ras-related ralA and ralB GTPases at a rate at least 30-fold faster than the intrinsic nucleotide dissociation rate.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-70	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Homo sapiens	101-105
8417322-0	1993	Ras activation by insulin and epidermal growth factor through enhanced exchange of guanine nucleotides on p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-102	insulin	Homo sapiens	18-25
8417322-0	1993	Ras activation by insulin and epidermal growth factor through enhanced exchange of guanine nucleotides on p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-102	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	30-53
8417322-0	1993	Ras activation by insulin and epidermal growth factor through enhanced exchange of guanine nucleotides on p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-102	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	106-112
8417322-2	1993	This accumulation could be caused either by an increase in guanine nucleotide exchange on p21ras or by a decrease in the GTPase activity of p21ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	90-96
8417348-7	1993	The predicted GCD11 polypeptide contains all of the consensus elements known to be required for guanine nucleotide binding, suggesting that, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the gamma subunit of eIF-2 is responsible for GDP-GTP binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	191-196
7999142-5	1993	In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the function of guanine nucleotide exchange has been ascribed to the product of the CDC25 gene.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	113-118
8012061-6	1993	The relationship between guanine nucleotide pools and the induction of HL-60 differentiation by DDATHF was further supported by the finding that maturation and the depletion of intracellular GTP by DDATHF were not reversed by guanine nucleosides in HL-60 cells deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	274-320
1336300-4	1992	These results suggest that although PTH-mediated adenylate cyclase activity is regulated via both the stimulatory (Gs) and inhibitory (Gi) guanine nucleotide binding proteins, only Gs regulates PGE2-mediated adenylate cyclase activity in UMR-106 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
1336310-7	1992	The DOCA-NaCl-induced increment in cAMP response to VP remained after pretreatment of the rats with pertussis toxin (171 and 169% increase in response in DOCA-NaCl and control rats, respectively), suggesting that altered inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding (Gi) protein function is not the mechanism for the altered response to VP in the CCT.	Guanine Nucleotides	232-250	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	52-54
1331090-9	1992	Recombinant Rac 2 was shown to bind guanine nucleotides in a Mg(2+)-dependent fashion.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	12-17
1336112-0	1992	Neuromedin B receptors retain functional expression when transfected into BALB 3T3 fibroblasts: analysis of binding, kinetics, stoichiometry, modulation by guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, and signal transduction and comparison with natively expressed receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	neuromedin B	Homo sapiens	0-12
1448152-7	1992	Here we report the discovery of an enzyme in a Golgi-enriched fraction that catalyses guanine nucleotide (GDP-GTP) exchange on ARF-1 protein, and which is inhibited by brefeldin A.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	127-132
1445262-13	1992	Ca2+ acts in concert with guanine nucleotides: it enhances the rate and extent of secretion and increases the affinity for Mg2+ and guanine nucleotides in the activation of the GTP-binding protein (GE) which regulates exocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-45	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1445262-13	1992	Ca2+ acts in concert with guanine nucleotides: it enhances the rate and extent of secretion and increases the affinity for Mg2+ and guanine nucleotides in the activation of the GTP-binding protein (GE) which regulates exocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-45	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Rattus norvegicus	177-196
1445262-13	1992	Ca2+ acts in concert with guanine nucleotides: it enhances the rate and extent of secretion and increases the affinity for Mg2+ and guanine nucleotides in the activation of the GTP-binding protein (GE) which regulates exocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-151	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1445262-13	1992	Ca2+ acts in concert with guanine nucleotides: it enhances the rate and extent of secretion and increases the affinity for Mg2+ and guanine nucleotides in the activation of the GTP-binding protein (GE) which regulates exocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-151	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Rattus norvegicus	177-196
1429836-2	1992	We demonstrate here that Vps1p, which contains a consensus tripartite motif for guanine nucleotide binding, is capable of binding and hydrolyzing GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	dynamin-like GTPase VPS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-30
1429634-11	1992	This effect by the GDI protein is observed whether the membrane-associated CDC42Hs is preincubated with GDP, GTP gamma S, or no guanine nucleotides, and occurs over a similar concentration range as that necessary for the inhibition of the intrinsic GDP dissociation.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-147	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	75-82
1396590-1	1992	In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the product of the CDC25 gene is an essential Ras activator that appears to function by stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange on Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-53
1331412-6	1992	Together, these results suggest that in HEL cells, the mechanism of thrombin potentiation of cyclic AMP production may involve alterations in the interaction between stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein and the catalytic subunit of adenylyl cyclase, possibly involving protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	178-196	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	68-76
1328204-8	1992	The alkalinization in response to isoproterenol was reversed by propranolol in the absence, but not the presence, of GTP gamma S and was completely blocked by GDP beta S. The ability of guanine nucleotides to regulate beta-adrenergic activation of NHE-1 in cells expressing the mutant D(222-229)beta 2-AR suggests that functional coupling of the beta-AR to NHE-1 may be mediated by a GTP-binding protein other than Gs.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-205	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Canis lupus familiaris	248-253
1328204-8	1992	The alkalinization in response to isoproterenol was reversed by propranolol in the absence, but not the presence, of GTP gamma S and was completely blocked by GDP beta S. The ability of guanine nucleotides to regulate beta-adrenergic activation of NHE-1 in cells expressing the mutant D(222-229)beta 2-AR suggests that functional coupling of the beta-AR to NHE-1 may be mediated by a GTP-binding protein other than Gs.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-205	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Canis lupus familiaris	357-362
1445212-4	1992	Guanine-nucleotide-binding displacement analysis gave a stoichiometry of 1 G-protein per 12.5 rhodopsin molecules, the same as in vertebrate rod photoreceptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	94-103
1327726-4	1992	The efficacy of VIP and forskolin in stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity as well as the potentiating effect of GTP on VIP action were also reduced in diabetes, as was the expression of the alpha-subunit of the guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins Gs and Gi (studied by ADP ribosylation with cholera and pertussis toxins).	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	16-19
1327726-4	1992	The efficacy of VIP and forskolin in stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity as well as the potentiating effect of GTP on VIP action were also reduced in diabetes, as was the expression of the alpha-subunit of the guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins Gs and Gi (studied by ADP ribosylation with cholera and pertussis toxins).	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	123-126
1429539-2	1992	The model is based on analogies to the known structures of the MgATP site on adenylate kinase and the guanine nucleotide sites on elongation factor Tu (Ef-Tu) and the ras p21 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	130-150
1429539-2	1992	The model is based on analogies to the known structures of the MgATP site on adenylate kinase and the guanine nucleotide sites on elongation factor Tu (Ef-Tu) and the ras p21 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	152-157
1429539-2	1992	The model is based on analogies to the known structures of the MgATP site on adenylate kinase and the guanine nucleotide sites on elongation factor Tu (Ef-Tu) and the ras p21 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	171-174
1333052-8	1992	The Gq/11 alpha peptide antibody was shown to immunodeplete the Gp activity of GH3 cell membrane extracts measured by reconstitution of the guanine nucleotide regulation of PLC-beta 1.	Guanine Nucleotides	140-158	phospholipase C beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	173-183
1528887-2	1992	Previous studies have demonstrated that E(spl) is defined by two groups of closely related transcripts, (i) a cluster of three transcripts encoding proteins bearing a helix-loop-helix (HLH) motif and (ii) a single-copy gene encoding a nuclear protein containing repeated motifs first identified in the beta subunit of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	318-336	Enhancer of split mbeta, helix-loop-helix	Drosophila melanogaster	40-46
1383494-10	1992	Guanine nucleotides were also found to significantly reduce 0.1 nM [125I]aFGF binding in a heparin-dependent fashion.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	fibroblast growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
1517219-9	1992	rARF 6 exhibited a delay in activation of toxin not detected with rARF 2 that may be related to a requirement for guanine nucleotide exchange and/or GTP binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
1517219-2	1992	ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) are highly conserved approximately 20-kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that were first identified based on their ability to stimulate the cholera toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of Gs alpha and thus activate adenylyl cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	221-229
1517219-9	1992	rARF 6 exhibited a delay in activation of toxin not detected with rARF 2 that may be related to a requirement for guanine nucleotide exchange and/or GTP binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	MBL associated serine protease 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
1329904-4	1992	Forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in the presence of Mn2+ was also increased in membranes prepared from SMS-treated cyc- cells; however, guanine nucleotide-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity was not changed despite a small decrease in inhibitory Gi alpha subunits detected by immunoblotting.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-169	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	31-34
1329904-4	1992	Forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in the presence of Mn2+ was also increased in membranes prepared from SMS-treated cyc- cells; however, guanine nucleotide-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity was not changed despite a small decrease in inhibitory Gi alpha subunits detected by immunoblotting.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-169	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 2	Mus musculus	275-283
1336189-3	1992	Guanine nucleotides inhibit cross-linking of 125I-VIP to its receptor, and cross-linking with ethylene glycolbis(succinimidylsuccinate) provides further evidence for complex formation between VIP, its receptor and a guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein (G-protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
1336189-3	1992	Guanine nucleotides inhibit cross-linking of 125I-VIP to its receptor, and cross-linking with ethylene glycolbis(succinimidylsuccinate) provides further evidence for complex formation between VIP, its receptor and a guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein (G-protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	192-195
1480518-6	1992	These results directly suggest the coupling of VIP binding sites with guanine nucleotide binding proteins in rat peritoneal macrophage membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
1480518-0	1992	Guanine nucleotide regulation of VIP binding to rat peritoneal macrophage membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	33-36
1510926-1	1992	The functional role of Asp80, a residue involved in the coordination of the Mg(2+).guanine nucleotide complex in elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), has been investigated by its substitution with Asn in the isolated N-terminal domain (G domain).	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	113-133
1480518-1	1992	In the present study, we have examined the effect of guanine nucleotides on VIP binding to rat peritoneal macrophage membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-72	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
1512243-3	1992	In these studies we have investigated the role of the beta gamma T subunit complex in promoting the rhodopsin-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange reaction (i.e. the activation event) of the alpha T subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	100-109
1499548-11	1992	We propose that the guanine-nucleotide-exchange stimulation by EF-1 beta is induced through binding of this factor to the carboxy-terminal part of EF-1 alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	63-72
1510926-1	1992	The functional role of Asp80, a residue involved in the coordination of the Mg(2+).guanine nucleotide complex in elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), has been investigated by its substitution with Asn in the isolated N-terminal domain (G domain).	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	135-140
1504099-1	1992	We studied the effect of guanine nucleotides on the carboxyl methylation catalyzed by class II protein carboxylmethyltransferases (PCMT).	Guanine Nucleotides	25-44	isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	131-135
1499548-11	1992	We propose that the guanine-nucleotide-exchange stimulation by EF-1 beta is induced through binding of this factor to the carboxy-terminal part of EF-1 alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	147-157
1499548-12	1992	As a result, a decreased susceptibility towards trypsin of the guanine-nucleotide-binding pocket of EF-1 alpha, especially in the region of its presumed effector loop is induced.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	100-110
1322494-2	1992	ANF (99-126) inhibits adenylate cyclase activity only in the presence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-92	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	0-3
1644315-1	1992	In the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the function of wild-type Ras proteins is dependent on the CDC25 protein, which promotes the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-172	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	107-112
1513321-12	1992	Finally, the formation of the immunoprecipitated AngII-R-PLC-alpha complex was disrupted by the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S, suggesting that the interaction between AngII-Rs and PLC-alpha is likely to involve a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein in neuron-like cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	49-54
1513321-12	1992	Finally, the formation of the immunoprecipitated AngII-R-PLC-alpha complex was disrupted by the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S, suggesting that the interaction between AngII-Rs and PLC-alpha is likely to involve a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein in neuron-like cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	protein disulfide isomerase associated 3	Mus musculus	57-66
1513321-12	1992	Finally, the formation of the immunoprecipitated AngII-R-PLC-alpha complex was disrupted by the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S, suggesting that the interaction between AngII-Rs and PLC-alpha is likely to involve a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein in neuron-like cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	191-196
1513321-12	1992	Finally, the formation of the immunoprecipitated AngII-R-PLC-alpha complex was disrupted by the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S, suggesting that the interaction between AngII-Rs and PLC-alpha is likely to involve a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein in neuron-like cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	protein disulfide isomerase associated 3	Mus musculus	204-213
1513321-12	1992	Finally, the formation of the immunoprecipitated AngII-R-PLC-alpha complex was disrupted by the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S, suggesting that the interaction between AngII-Rs and PLC-alpha is likely to involve a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein in neuron-like cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-270	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	49-54
1513321-12	1992	Finally, the formation of the immunoprecipitated AngII-R-PLC-alpha complex was disrupted by the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S, suggesting that the interaction between AngII-Rs and PLC-alpha is likely to involve a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein in neuron-like cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-270	protein disulfide isomerase associated 3	Mus musculus	57-66
1513321-12	1992	Finally, the formation of the immunoprecipitated AngII-R-PLC-alpha complex was disrupted by the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S, suggesting that the interaction between AngII-Rs and PLC-alpha is likely to involve a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein in neuron-like cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-270	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	191-196
1513321-12	1992	Finally, the formation of the immunoprecipitated AngII-R-PLC-alpha complex was disrupted by the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S, suggesting that the interaction between AngII-Rs and PLC-alpha is likely to involve a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein in neuron-like cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-270	protein disulfide isomerase associated 3	Mus musculus	204-213
1497643-5	1992	We suggest that, as for GS alpha phosphorylation by protein kinase C (Pyne et al., 1992), the guanine nucleotide-free form of GS alpha is the most likely substrate.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	126-134
1497643-6	1992	Guanine-nucleotides reduce the lifetime and, therefore availability for phosphorylation, of guanine-nucleotide free GS alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	116-124
1497643-6	1992	Guanine-nucleotides reduce the lifetime and, therefore availability for phosphorylation, of guanine-nucleotide free GS alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	116-124
1322494-8	1992	N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM), phorbol ester and Ca(2+)-phospholipid dependent protein kinase (C-kinase) which have been shown to interact with inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulating protein (Gi) also resulted in the attenuation of ANF-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	227-230
1503566-0	1992	Rate laws for the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to EF-Tu catalysed by EF-Ts.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-49	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	59-64
1503566-0	1992	Rate laws for the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to EF-Tu catalysed by EF-Ts.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-49	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	78-83
1503566-1	1992	The rate laws governing the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to EF-Tu catalysed by EF-Ts are set out and the information that is available from various studies is analysed in terms of the laws.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-59	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	69-74
1503566-1	1992	The rate laws governing the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to EF-Tu catalysed by EF-Ts are set out and the information that is available from various studies is analysed in terms of the laws.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-59	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	88-93
1353250-11	1992	These findings suggest that SSTR2 receptors can be regulated and they associate with pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, whereas SSTR1 receptors do not.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	somatostatin receptor type 2	Cricetulus griseus	28-33
1637317-8	1992	The guanine-nucleotide-free form of Gs alpha appears to be the preferred substrate for phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	36-44
1279450-2	1992	Somatostatin induced an enhancement of cyclic AMP formation in presence of guanine nucleotides and cholera toxin but inhibited pertussis toxin and forskolin enzyme stimulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-94	somatostatin	Rattus norvegicus	0-12
1431834-9	1992	GAP-43 regulates their guanine nucleotide exchange, which is an unusual role for an intracellular protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	0-6
1279450-8	1992	These results suggest that neuromodulatory effects of somatostatin, substance P, and VIP are mediated by the inhibitory as well as stimulatory guanine nucleotide proteins G-i and G-s coupled to an adenylate cyclase system.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	somatostatin	Rattus norvegicus	54-66
1279450-8	1992	These results suggest that neuromodulatory effects of somatostatin, substance P, and VIP are mediated by the inhibitory as well as stimulatory guanine nucleotide proteins G-i and G-s coupled to an adenylate cyclase system.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	85-88
1618801-1	1992	Deletion of the amino-terminal 17 residues from human ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) resulted in a protein ([delta 1-17]mARF1p) devoid of ARF activity but which retained the ability to bind guanine nucleotides with high affinity.	Guanine Nucleotides	189-208	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Mus musculus	119-125
1376246-1	1992	In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetic and biochemical evidence indicates that the product of the CDC25 gene activates the RAS/adenylyl cyclase/protein kinase A pathway by acting as a guanine nucleotide protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	191-209	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	105-110
1315377-8	1992	These results show the concerted activities of PtdIns synthase, PtdIns 4-kinase, and phospholipase C, and constitute a simple assay for guanine nucleotide-dependent agonist stimulation of phospholipase C in a brain membrane system using [3H]Ins as labeled precursor.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	CDP-diacylglycerol--inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	47-62
1534749-3	1992	GAP-43 is a neuronal protein that increases guanine nucleotide exchange by heterotrimeric G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	0-6
1578148-8	1992	The IRG-47 coding sequence contains all three highly conserved peptide motifs in the appropriate spacing characteristic of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	interferon gamma inducible protein 47	Mus musculus	4-10
1317174-1	1992	We examined the potential role of a guanine nucleotide-binding protein in the biosynthesis of paf-acether (paf) and the release of beta-hexosaminidase during antigenic stimulation of cultured mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	O-GlcNAcase	Mus musculus	131-150
1577740-0	1992	Characterization of the human gene encoding ADP-ribosylation factor 1, a guanine nucleotide-binding activator of cholera toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-69
1569935-3	1992	Homology between CAG1 and SCG1 not only includes the conserved guanine nucleotide binding domains but also spans the normally variable regions which are thought to be involved in interaction with the components of the specific signal transduction pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	26-30
1569942-2	1992	We have been able to show for the first time that the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins Cdc25 and Sdc25 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae bind directly to their targets Ras1 and Ras2 in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	91-96
1326449-2	1992	In the present study we analyzed the binding of GnRH analogues to these membranes and assessed its modulation by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-132	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
1569942-2	1992	We have been able to show for the first time that the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins Cdc25 and Sdc25 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae bind directly to their targets Ras1 and Ras2 in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	101-106
1569942-2	1992	We have been able to show for the first time that the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins Cdc25 and Sdc25 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae bind directly to their targets Ras1 and Ras2 in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Ras family GTPase RAS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	168-172
1569942-2	1992	We have been able to show for the first time that the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins Cdc25 and Sdc25 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae bind directly to their targets Ras1 and Ras2 in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	177-181
1326449-7	1992	The inhibition of buserelin binding by guanine nucleotides was specific for nucleotides that interact with G-binding proteins and was dose-dependent with a maximal effect at 10 microM GTP gamma S. Kinetic analysis of buserelin binding revealed that the dissociation rate increased at least 4-fold in the presence of 10 microM GTP gamma S. These results support the hypothesis that GnRH analogues interact directly with mammary tumors and activate a G-protein-dependent transducing mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-58	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	381-385
1312937-0	1992	Tumor necrosis factor-mediated cell lysis in vitro: relationship to cAMP accumulation and guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-21
1351293-1	1992	Current knowledge of the structure of H-ras p21 is reviewed with particular emphasis on the interaction between guanine nucleotides and the active site of the protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	44-47
1351296-1	1992	Guanine nucleotides modified by acetylation of the ribose moiety with the small fluorophore N-methylanthranilic acid(mant) have been shown to bind to p21 ras with similar equilibrium and kinetic rate constants as the parent nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	150-153
1533366-6	1992	The results of this analysis have indicated two distinct interactive regions in p21, one associated with the guanine-nucleotide-binding site, whilst the second is proposed to be associated with a binding site for an activator protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	80-83
1533366-7	1992	These studies indicate that the p21 protein, besides the ability to function as a plasma-membrane-associated guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory protein and bind free guanine nucleotides in the cytoplasm, has the structural ability to bind guanine incorporated in DNA.	Guanine Nucleotides	169-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
1532814-2	1992	Here we show that the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras may be involved in IL-2 signal transduction pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	58-64
1532814-2	1992	Here we show that the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras may be involved in IL-2 signal transduction pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	84-88
1573997-3	1992	Crystallographic analysis at 2.6 A resolution and site-directed mutagenesis have revealed structural and functional similarities between the guanine nucleotide-binding domains of EF-Tu and human H-ras p21 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	179-184
1312327-0	1992	Interactions of the ras-like protein p25rab3A with Mg2+ and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-79	tubulin polymerization promoting protein	Homo sapiens	37-40
1310718-5	1992	Membranes prepared from GS alpha IND cells grown in the presence of dexamethasone bound agonist with high affinity, and this binding was sensitive to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	150-169	GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus	Mus musculus	24-32
1311561-0	1992	Investigation of guanine-nucleotide-binding protein involvement and regulation of cyclic AMP metabolism in interleukin 1 signal transduction.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	107-120
1633420-2	1992	Regulation of p21ras is achieved by GTPase activating proteins, which control the rate of hydrolysis of GTP to GDP, and also by GDP dissociation stimulators, which catalyze the exchange of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	189-208	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	14-20
1311561-7	1992	These results suggest that IL1 receptor function may be regulated by guanine nucleotides; however, the mechanism appears to differ from that exhibited by conventional G-protein-linked receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	27-30
1740128-2	1992	The influence of the ionic environment on the intrinsic GTPase activity and the guanine-nucleotide interaction of Ha-ras protein p21 were studied in various experimental conditions and compared with the behaviour of elongation factor (EF) Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
1737648-0	1992	Angiotensin II-induced changes in guanine nucleotide binding and regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
1536651-5	1992	This decrease in insulin binding was specific for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-69	insulin	Meleagris gallopavo	17-24
1395932-2	1992	In T cells recent studies have indicated that activation of the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras is mediated by PKC, which suggests that the p21ras proteins may regulate intracellular signalling events downstream of PKC.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	100-106
1315991-5	1992	PI-PLC activity is regulated by guanine nucleotide(GTP)-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	phospholipase C beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
1395932-2	1992	In T cells recent studies have indicated that activation of the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras is mediated by PKC, which suggests that the p21ras proteins may regulate intracellular signalling events downstream of PKC.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	151-157
1328053-1	1992	The neurokinin-1 (NK-1, substance P) receptor belongs to the class of seven transmembrane domain (7-TM) receptors that interact with cellular effector systems via guanine nucleotide binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	tachykinin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	4-45
1350478-4	1992	In human lymphocytes containing beta 2-receptors and in human myocardial membranes containing both beta 1- and beta 2-receptors carvedilol exhibited the unique property of guanine nucleotide modulatable binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	172-190	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	99-117
1741165-7	1992	In vivo guanine nucleotide binding to p21ras in the revertant cell lines demonstrated binding of both GTP and GDP, indicating that reversion to the non-transformed phenotype was not due to inability of p21ras to bind GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	38-44
1761576-0	1991	Guanine nucleotide biosynthesis is regulated by the cellular p53 concentration.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	61-64
1364285-12	1992	Purified GAP-43 does stimulate guanine nucleotide binding to G(o).	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	9-15
1744102-6	1991	The conserved amino acid sequences involved in guanine nucleotide binding by ARF 3 are distributed among separate exons, as found in other GTP-binding protein genes.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	77-82
1667760-4	1991	The stable guanine nucleotide GTP gamma S inhibited binding of [125I][Sar1]angiotensin II in young and adult rats by approximately 50% with IC50 values of 105 and 120 nM, respectively, suggesting that the angiotensin receptor is G-protein linked.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	75-89
1801922-0	1991	Ca2+ inhibits guanine nucleotide-activated phospholipase D in neural-derived NG108-15 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	carbonic anhydrase 2	Mus musculus	0-3
1804111-0	1991	Analysis of rate constants governing the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to EF-Tu catalysed by EF-Ts.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-72	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	82-87
1804111-0	1991	Analysis of rate constants governing the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to EF-Tu catalysed by EF-Ts.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-72	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	101-106
1801922-6	1991	Higher Ca2+ concentrations (greater than or equal to 1 microM) completely inhibited PLD activation by GTP gamma S. It is concluded that elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentrations may negatively modulate PLD activation by a guanine nucleotide-binding protein, thus affecting receptor-PLD coupling in neural-derived cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	223-241	carbonic anhydrase 2	Mus musculus	7-10
1801922-6	1991	Higher Ca2+ concentrations (greater than or equal to 1 microM) completely inhibited PLD activation by GTP gamma S. It is concluded that elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentrations may negatively modulate PLD activation by a guanine nucleotide-binding protein, thus affecting receptor-PLD coupling in neural-derived cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	223-241	carbonic anhydrase 2	Mus musculus	159-162
1758439-1	1991	RDC4 is a guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptor clone originally isolated from a canine thyroid cDNA library by Libert and colleagues [Science (Washington D. C.) 244:569-572 (1989)].	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Canis lupus familiaris	0-4
1834672-8	1991	There is specificity to the interaction, in that GAP-43 increases GTP gamma S binding to recombinant alpha o and alpha i1, but not to recombinant alpha s. Thus, GAP-43 is a guanine nucleotide release protein with a novel mechanism of action, potentially controlling membrane-associated G proteins from within the cell.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	49-55
1834672-8	1991	There is specificity to the interaction, in that GAP-43 increases GTP gamma S binding to recombinant alpha o and alpha i1, but not to recombinant alpha s. Thus, GAP-43 is a guanine nucleotide release protein with a novel mechanism of action, potentially controlling membrane-associated G proteins from within the cell.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	161-167
1934068-6	1991	The other locus encodes a protein that is homologous to the S. cerevisiae CDC25 protein, an activator of guanine nucleotide exchange by ras proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	74-79
1956381-0	1991	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on the CDC42Hs protein by the dbl oncogene product.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	48-55
1720612-0	1991	Bombesin, neuromedin B and neuromedin C interact with a common rat pancreatic phosphoinositide-coupled receptor, but are differentially regulated by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-168	neuromedin B	Rattus norvegicus	10-22
1720612-8	1991	The guanine nucleotide analogue guanosine 5"-[beta gamma-imido]triphosphate (Gpp[NH]p) produced rightward shifts of NMC and NMB competition curves by 3.5- and 16-fold respectively, but had little effect on the BB and GRP curves.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	neuromedin B	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
1720612-8	1991	The guanine nucleotide analogue guanosine 5"-[beta gamma-imido]triphosphate (Gpp[NH]p) produced rightward shifts of NMC and NMB competition curves by 3.5- and 16-fold respectively, but had little effect on the BB and GRP curves.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	gastrin releasing peptide	Rattus norvegicus	217-220
1932015-0	1991	An isotope edited classical Raman difference spectroscopic study of the interactions of guanine nucleotides with elongation factor Tu and H-ras p21.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-107	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
1932015-1	1991	We have measured the Raman spectrum of GDP bound to the elongation factor protein, EF-Tu, and the c-Harvey-ras protein, p21, two proteins of the guanine nucleotide binding family.	Guanine Nucleotides	145-163	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
1839491-7	1991	The results are consistent with the formation of a stable EF-Tu.EF-Ts complex that affects the interaction of EF-Tu with guanine nucleotides and inhibitors.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-140	AT695_RS01290	Staphylococcus aureus	58-63
1944575-0	1991	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on Ran by the mitotic regulator RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	44-47
1944575-0	1991	Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on Ran by the mitotic regulator RCC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
1944575-9	1991	Here we show that RCC1 specifically catalyses the exchange of guanine nucleotides on the Ran protein but not on the protein c-Ha-ras p21 (p21ras).	Guanine Nucleotides	62-81	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
1944575-9	1991	Here we show that RCC1 specifically catalyses the exchange of guanine nucleotides on the Ran protein but not on the protein c-Ha-ras p21 (p21ras).	Guanine Nucleotides	62-81	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	89-92
1839491-7	1991	The results are consistent with the formation of a stable EF-Tu.EF-Ts complex that affects the interaction of EF-Tu with guanine nucleotides and inhibitors.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-140	AT695_RS01290	Staphylococcus aureus	110-115
1682135-5	1991	These new observations suggest that somatostatin and epinephrine negatively modulate insulin availability through a guanine nucleotide binding protein-mediated step in insulin synthesis before the exocytotic pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	somatostatin	Homo sapiens	36-48
1682135-5	1991	These new observations suggest that somatostatin and epinephrine negatively modulate insulin availability through a guanine nucleotide binding protein-mediated step in insulin synthesis before the exocytotic pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	insulin	Homo sapiens	85-92
1682135-5	1991	These new observations suggest that somatostatin and epinephrine negatively modulate insulin availability through a guanine nucleotide binding protein-mediated step in insulin synthesis before the exocytotic pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	insulin	Homo sapiens	168-175
1658789-2	1991	This phototransduction is mediated by a guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein cascade in which rhodopsin is the receptor, transducin is the G-protein, and the cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) is the effector.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	96-105
1935791-0	1991	The effects of endothelins on the secretion of prolactin, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone are mediated by different guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-26
1935791-0	1991	The effects of endothelins on the secretion of prolactin, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone are mediated by different guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	47-56
1785141-4	1991	The p21ras structure is similar to that of the G-domain of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) from Escherichia coli, suggesting that p21ras can serve as a good model for other guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	4-10
1656792-3	1991	Activation of PI turnover by histamine and bradykinin is guanine nucleotide-dependent.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	43-53
1785141-4	1991	The p21ras structure is similar to that of the G-domain of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) from Escherichia coli, suggesting that p21ras can serve as a good model for other guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	127-133
1885567-0	1991	Interaction of animal mitochondrial EF-Tu.EF-Ts with aminoacyl-tRNA, guanine nucleotides, and ribosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	36-41
1655741-16	1991	The activation of PLC-beta 1 by the purified G-protein preparation was specific for nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotides, the efficacy decreasing in order GTP gamma S greater than guanylimidodiphosphate greater than guanylyl(beta,gamma-methylene)-diphosphonate.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-119	phospholipase C beta 1	Bos taurus	18-28
1885567-0	1991	Interaction of animal mitochondrial EF-Tu.EF-Ts with aminoacyl-tRNA, guanine nucleotides, and ribosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	42-47
1885567-1	1991	The mammalian mitochondrial complex consisting of elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-Ts (EF-Tu.Tsmt) is capable of efficiently binding aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome in the presence and absence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-213	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	69-74
1885567-1	1991	The mammalian mitochondrial complex consisting of elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-Ts (EF-Tu.Tsmt) is capable of efficiently binding aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome in the presence and absence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-213	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	79-84
1885567-1	1991	The mammalian mitochondrial complex consisting of elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-Ts (EF-Tu.Tsmt) is capable of efficiently binding aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome in the presence and absence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-213	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	86-91
1875942-1	1991	The adenylate cyclase system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains many proteins, including the CYR1 polypeptide, which is responsible for catalyzing the formation of cyclic AMP from ATP, RAS1 and RAS2 polypeptides, which mediate stimulation of cyclic AMP synthesis by guanine nucleotides, and the yeast GTPase-activating protein analog IRA1.	Guanine Nucleotides	278-297	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-21
1875942-1	1991	The adenylate cyclase system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains many proteins, including the CYR1 polypeptide, which is responsible for catalyzing the formation of cyclic AMP from ATP, RAS1 and RAS2 polypeptides, which mediate stimulation of cyclic AMP synthesis by guanine nucleotides, and the yeast GTPase-activating protein analog IRA1.	Guanine Nucleotides	278-297	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	105-109
1875942-1	1991	The adenylate cyclase system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains many proteins, including the CYR1 polypeptide, which is responsible for catalyzing the formation of cyclic AMP from ATP, RAS1 and RAS2 polypeptides, which mediate stimulation of cyclic AMP synthesis by guanine nucleotides, and the yeast GTPase-activating protein analog IRA1.	Guanine Nucleotides	278-297	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	206-210
1832279-1	1991	The influence of halothane on the interactions of 5-HT1A and adenosine A1 receptors with G proteins was determined by monitoring the guanine nucleotide sensitivity of agonist binding to these receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	50-56
1883343-0	1991	Guanine-nucleotide- and adenine-nucleotide-dependent regulation of phospholipase D in electropermeabilized HL-60 granulocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	67-82
1879563-2	1991	It is known that the receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) activates phospholipase C (PLC) by phosphorylating the gamma 1 isoform of PLC with the receptor protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK), whereas a guanine nucleotide-binding protein participates as a transducer in the PLC activation through the receptors for vasopressin, bombesin and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha).	Guanine Nucleotides	209-227	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	193-196
1652938-6	1991	The inhibitory effect of ANF on adenylate cyclase was also dependent on the presence of guanine nucleotides and was attenuated by amiloride and pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-107	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	25-28
1649738-6	1991	In liver and lung parenchyma, binding to AT-1 receptors was sensitive to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-92	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
1654060-2	1991	We report that sodium fluoride (NaF), a potent activator of cellular guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, affected time- and concentration-dependent generation of prostacyclin (PGI2) by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells without evidence of cellular toxicity detected by 51Cr or lactate dehydrogenase release.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	32-35
1649188-7	1991	The amount of guanine nucleotide binding affected by occupation of the EGF receptor was approximately 6 pmol/mg of membrane protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	71-74
1649738-0	1991	Angiotensin-II receptor subtypes in fetal tissue of the rat: autoradiography, guanine nucleotide sensitivity, and association with phosphoinositide hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
1649188-9	1991	The effect of angiotensin II on [alpha-32P]GDP dissociation was blocked by the angiotensin II receptor antagonist [Sar1,Ile8]angiotensin II, demonstrating that the guanine nucleotide binding was receptor-mediated.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	14-28
1648103-2	1991	RVGLVRGEKARKGK (peptide 14) from residues 2410-2423 of the human insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) directly activates adenylylcyclase-inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (Gi proteins) whereas RGEKARKGK (peptide 9) has no stimulatory action.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	insulin like growth factor 2 receptor	Homo sapiens	65-103
1649188-9	1991	The effect of angiotensin II on [alpha-32P]GDP dissociation was blocked by the angiotensin II receptor antagonist [Sar1,Ile8]angiotensin II, demonstrating that the guanine nucleotide binding was receptor-mediated.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	79-93
1649188-9	1991	The effect of angiotensin II on [alpha-32P]GDP dissociation was blocked by the angiotensin II receptor antagonist [Sar1,Ile8]angiotensin II, demonstrating that the guanine nucleotide binding was receptor-mediated.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	79-93
1648103-2	1991	RVGLVRGEKARKGK (peptide 14) from residues 2410-2423 of the human insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) directly activates adenylylcyclase-inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (Gi proteins) whereas RGEKARKGK (peptide 9) has no stimulatory action.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	insulin like growth factor 2 receptor	Homo sapiens	105-112
1906978-0	1991	Solubilization of a guanine nucleotide-sensitive form of the P2Y-purinergic receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	P2Y purinoceptor 1	Meleagris gallopavo	61-84
1905330-6	1991	An apparent role for guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in PLD regulation was also indicated by the significant reduction in FMLP- and ATP-stimulated PLD activity observed in cells pretreated with pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	71-74
1905330-6	1991	An apparent role for guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in PLD regulation was also indicated by the significant reduction in FMLP- and ATP-stimulated PLD activity observed in cells pretreated with pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	162-165
1647673-6	1991	However, the inhibitory effects of PYY were abolished when chief cells were preincubated with pertussis toxin, an agent that uncouples inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding (G) proteins from their receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	peptide YY	Homo sapiens	35-38
1905813-4	1991	In comparison with other G protein alpha subunits, the G alpha 16 predicted protein has distinctive amino acid sequences in the amino terminus, the region A guanine nucleotide-binding domain, and in the carboxyl-terminal third of the protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	G protein subunit alpha 15	Homo sapiens	55-65
1905982-3	1991	Although overexpressed BUD5 cannot substitute for CDC25 function, we present evidence that its gene product can bind to the guanine nucleotide binding-deficient RAS2val19ala22 gene product and thereby counteract its dominant-negative effect.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	23-27
1905982-3	1991	Although overexpressed BUD5 cannot substitute for CDC25 function, we present evidence that its gene product can bind to the guanine nucleotide binding-deficient RAS2val19ala22 gene product and thereby counteract its dominant-negative effect.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	161-165
2049096-6	1991	These results clearly indicate the presence of specific binding sites for gastrin, probably coupled to guanine nucleotide-binding protein, in the carcinoid tumor membrane of Mastomys, and suggest that gastrin has possible biological actions on these tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	gastrin	Homo sapiens	74-81
2049096-6	1991	These results clearly indicate the presence of specific binding sites for gastrin, probably coupled to guanine nucleotide-binding protein, in the carcinoid tumor membrane of Mastomys, and suggest that gastrin has possible biological actions on these tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	gastrin	Homo sapiens	201-208
1674518-0	1991	CD2 antigen mediated activation of the guanine nucleotide binding proteins p21ras in human T lymphocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-3
1674518-0	1991	CD2 antigen mediated activation of the guanine nucleotide binding proteins p21ras in human T lymphocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	75-81
1674518-1	1991	T cell stimulation via the TCR complex (TCR/CD3 complex) results in activation of the guanine nucleotide binding proteins encoded by the ras protooncogenes (p21ras).	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	157-163
1646951-12	1991	These findings provide the first evidence that CGRP receptors exist in multiple affinity states and that cerebellum CGRP receptors are regulated by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-167	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	116-120
1646945-10	1991	In other membrane-based assays, the long and short forms of GS alpha were also equivalent in their dose response to isoproterenol and GTP, their kinetics of guanine nucleotide exchange and GTPase activity, and the induced high and low affinity states of the beta-adrenergic receptor in response to isoproterenol.	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus	Mus musculus	60-68
1646951-13	1991	Our results also suggest the existence of two affinity states of the CGRP-receptor-guanine nucleotide-binding protein ternary complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
2038322-5	1991	Biochemical analysis of the proteins encoded by v-rasH(S39C) and c-rasH(S39C) demonstrated that the encoded p21ras proteins were stable and bound guanine nucleotides in vivo at permissive and nonpermissive temperatures.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-165	asparaginase and isoaspartyl peptidase 1	Homo sapiens	65-71
2038322-5	1991	Biochemical analysis of the proteins encoded by v-rasH(S39C) and c-rasH(S39C) demonstrated that the encoded p21ras proteins were stable and bound guanine nucleotides in vivo at permissive and nonpermissive temperatures.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-165	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	108-114
1675791-2	1991	Distinct subsets of neural, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and immune cells bear specific high-affinity receptors for VIP, which are associated with a guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein capable of activating adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-169	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	118-121
2013756-9	1991	These results demonstrate that phospholipase C hydrolysis of exogenous PI by rabbit cortical membranes may be stimulated by carbachol in a guanine nucleotide-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	31-46
1903516-1	1991	More than thirty small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins related to the ras-encoded oncoprotein, termed Ras or p21ras, are known.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	113-119
1645526-0	1991	Bradykinin recognizes different molecular forms of the B2 kinin receptor in the presence and absence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-123	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	0-10
1645519-8	1991	A role for G-proteins in TCR coupling to PLC was further supported by the inhibition of TCR-induced InsPL hydrolysis by guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP beta S), a guanine nucleotide analogue that inhibits G-protein function.	Guanine Nucleotides	172-190	T cell receptor alpha variable 6-3	Mus musculus	25-28
1645519-8	1991	A role for G-proteins in TCR coupling to PLC was further supported by the inhibition of TCR-induced InsPL hydrolysis by guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP beta S), a guanine nucleotide analogue that inhibits G-protein function.	Guanine Nucleotides	172-190	T cell receptor alpha variable 6-3	Mus musculus	88-91
2022184-3	1991	In cells expressing elevated levels of insulin receptor, this process involves a rapid increase in p21rasGTP levels (from 20% to 70% GTP as a percentage of total guanine nucleotides).	Guanine Nucleotides	162-181	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	39-55
2026171-3	1991	In contrast to amino-terminal fragments, those derived from the carboxy-terminal part of EF-1 beta were still active in enhancing the guanine nucleotide exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	89-98
2017169-0	1991	The CDC25 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae promotes exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-86	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-9
2017169-2	1991	In this report, we provide an identification of Cdc25p, the product of the CDC25 gene, and evidence that it promotes exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to Ras in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-148	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-54
1656397-3	1991	Pretreatment with pertussis toxin (2 micrograms and 5 micrograms) IC prevented the reduction of forskolin-stimulated cAMP levels elicited by NPY in the medulla oblongata, suggesting that NPY is acting through an inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding protein to reduce cAMP accumulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	223-241	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	187-190
1655489-3	1991	In membranes obtained from differentiated HL-60 cells, guanine nucleotides stimulate the formation of IP2 and IP3.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-74	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	102-105
1655491-0	1991	Modulation of affinity and density of LTB4 receptors on guinea pig lung membranes by divalent cations and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-125	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	38-42
1655491-1	1991	We investigated the mechanism by which guanine nucleotides and divalent cations modulate the affinity and apparent density of high-affinity receptors for Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) on guinea pig lung membranes (GPLM).	Guanine Nucleotides	39-58	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	154-168
1655491-1	1991	We investigated the mechanism by which guanine nucleotides and divalent cations modulate the affinity and apparent density of high-affinity receptors for Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) on guinea pig lung membranes (GPLM).	Guanine Nucleotides	39-58	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	170-174
1655491-5	1991	In the same experiments, the the guanine nucleotide analog GppNHp also reduced the affinity for LTB4 and U75302, similar to that observed with EDTA, suggesting that removal (Mg2+), or addition (GppNHp), of allosteric modulators of G-protein(s), causes reduction in receptor affinity.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	96-100
2026171-3	1991	In contrast to amino-terminal fragments, those derived from the carboxy-terminal part of EF-1 beta were still active in enhancing the guanine nucleotide exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	178-188
1909667-0	1991	Mutations in Gs alpha that alter the kinetics of guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	13-21
1707917-7	1991	Finally, cholera toxin, which irreversibly activates the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding protein linked to adenylyl cyclase, strongly inhibited the release of EDN from IgG- or sIgA-stimulated eosinophils.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	ribonuclease A family member 2	Homo sapiens	166-169
1849366-9	1991	To explore a potential role for G proteins, we examined the effect of guanine nucleotide analogues on ANP-stimulated IP3 production in saponin-permeabilized cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	102-105
1899485-4	1991	Further, the binding of C5a retained its sensitivity to guanine nucleotides, implying that the purified receptor contained a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	56-75	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
1849486-5	1991	The intensity of the radiolabelled protein band was reduced when the incubation with 125I-labelled GLP-I(7-36)amide was carried out in the presence of guanine nucleotides suggesting that the GLP-I(7-36)amide receptor is coupled to the adenylate cyclase system.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-170	granzyme B	Rattus norvegicus	99-104
1849486-5	1991	The intensity of the radiolabelled protein band was reduced when the incubation with 125I-labelled GLP-I(7-36)amide was carried out in the presence of guanine nucleotides suggesting that the GLP-I(7-36)amide receptor is coupled to the adenylate cyclase system.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-170	granzyme B	Rattus norvegicus	191-196
1899283-1	1991	Go alpha, (gene symbol GNA01), a member of the signal-transducing guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein family, has been implicated in ion channel regulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	tripartite motif containing 47	Homo sapiens	0-8
1850120-5	1991	PI turnover was found to be inhibitable by 1 microM phorbol dibutyrate but not by 1 microgram/ml pertussis toxin, suggesting that the ET-1-mediated response is regulated by protein kinase C and a pertussis toxin-insensitive guanine nucleotide (GTP) binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	224-242	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	134-138
1899485-4	1991	Further, the binding of C5a retained its sensitivity to guanine nucleotides, implying that the purified receptor contained a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
1648497-1	1991	Treatment of cultured rat cardiomyocytes in serum-free medium for 48 h with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) led to a concentration-dependent increase in the level of membrane-inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein (Gi) alpha-subunits and in pertussis toxin-catalyzed [32P]ADP ribosylation of 40 kDa proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	212-230	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	94-121
1648497-1	1991	Treatment of cultured rat cardiomyocytes in serum-free medium for 48 h with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) led to a concentration-dependent increase in the level of membrane-inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein (Gi) alpha-subunits and in pertussis toxin-catalyzed [32P]ADP ribosylation of 40 kDa proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	212-230	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	123-132
1719900-0	1991	The effect of substance P on guanine nucleotide--activated striatal adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	14-25
1906007-2	1991	The ADP ribosylation of 40-41 kDa proteins of the membranes of rat cardiac ventricular cells by IAP was reduced by the addition of a nonhydrolyzable analog of guanine nucleotide, GTP gamma S, indicating that these proteins included Gi protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	96-99
1725042-3	1991	As well as glucose uptake, insulin has important effects on other aspects of cell function; for example, the hormone is an important regulator of the expression and function of the major inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding protein Gi.	Guanine Nucleotides	198-216	insulin	Homo sapiens	27-34
2049873-11	1991	Also, unlike the cAMP receptor, the phosphorylation of p36 was found to be regulated by the addition of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-123	annexin A2	Homo sapiens	55-58
2174426-6	1990	Furthermore, C3-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of rhoA* was dependent on guanine nucleotides in the presence of 1 mM Mg2+ or 1 mM EDTA (0.19 microM free Mg2+).	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	46-51
1679343-3	1991	However, in contrast to the guanine nucleotides, vanadate does not induce dissociation of the D2 dopamine receptor from its related G proteins, suggesting that vanadate and guanine nucleotides may exert their effect on the D2 dopamine receptor via different mechanisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-192	dopamine receptor D2	Homo sapiens	223-243
1704119-4	1991	The YL8 gene could encode a guanine nucleotide binding protein of 216 amino acids with about 70% amino acid sequence identity to S. pombe YPT3, and is transcriptionally active in a variety of human cell lines.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-7
2085668-1	1990	The specific binding of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) to bovine thyroid plasma membranes is inhibited by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-130	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Bos taurus	55-58
2173904-1	1990	The gamma-subunit of retinal rod-outer-segment phosphodiesterase (PDE-gamma) is a multifunctional protein which interacts directly with both of the catalytic subunits of PDE (PDE alpha/beta) and the alpha-subunit of the retinal G (guanine-nucleotide-binding)-protein transducin alpha (T alpha).	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	phosphodiesterase 6B	Homo sapiens	175-190
2265214-8	1990	It is concluded that the loss of vasopressin and angiotensin II responses in cultured liver cells is due in part to changes in receptors and also in their coupling to a guanine nucleotide binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	169-187	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	33-63
2122974-0	1990	Modulation of guanine nucleotides bound to Ras in NIH3T3 cells by oncogenes, growth factors, and the GTPase activating protein (GAP).	Guanine Nucleotides	14-33	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Mus musculus	101-126
2122974-0	1990	Modulation of guanine nucleotides bound to Ras in NIH3T3 cells by oncogenes, growth factors, and the GTPase activating protein (GAP).	Guanine Nucleotides	14-33	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Mus musculus	128-131
2170531-4	1990	In the present study we have investigated the effect of preincubation with GM-CSF and TNF-alpha on the oxidative burst induced by sodium fluoride and guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S)-agents which directly activate guanine-nucleotide binding proteins in neutrophils.	Guanine Nucleotides	231-249	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	75-81
1978729-3	1990	These actions of ANF and C-ANF were blocked by 12-18 h pretreatment with PTX (100 ng/ml), suggesting ANF receptor coupling to adenylate cyclase via an inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	162-180	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	17-20
1978729-3	1990	These actions of ANF and C-ANF were blocked by 12-18 h pretreatment with PTX (100 ng/ml), suggesting ANF receptor coupling to adenylate cyclase via an inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	162-180	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
1978729-3	1990	These actions of ANF and C-ANF were blocked by 12-18 h pretreatment with PTX (100 ng/ml), suggesting ANF receptor coupling to adenylate cyclase via an inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	162-180	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
2174167-1	1990	Using a strategy based on nucleotide sequence homology between genes encoding receptors that interact with guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, we have isolated Drosophila genomic and cDNA clones encoding a functional serotonin receptor (5HT-dro receptor).	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 7	Drosophila melanogaster	218-236
2125480-0	1990	Purified internal G-domain of translational initiation factor IF-2 displays guanine nucleotide binding properties.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	62-66
2172971-1	1990	We have previously identified a membrane factor capable of stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange activity for ras p21 proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	116-119
2272361-0	1990	The anti-aggressive drug eltoprazine preferentially binds to 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptor subtypes in rat brain: sensitivity to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-145	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	61-78
2118909-3	1990	smg p21 GDS1 and -2 also stimulated the binding of [35S]GTP gamma S to the GDP-bound form of smg p21s but not that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	4-7
2120590-1	1990	Cellular ras genes encode a family of membrane-associated proteins (p21ras) that bind guanine nucleotide and possess a low intrinsic GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	68-74
2144893-2	1990	The predicted amino acid sequence includes a guanine nucleotide-binding domain that is homologous with those of a family of antiviral factors, inducible by interferon and known as Mx proteins, and with the product of the essential yeast vacuolar protein sorting gene VPS1.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	dynamin-like GTPase VPS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	267-271
2169434-0	1990	The alpha 2B adrenergic receptor of undifferentiated neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells, interacts directly with the guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gi2.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	adrenergic receptor, alpha 2b	Mus musculus	4-32
2175850-0	1990	Determination of guanine nucleotide sensitivity of [125-I]-neuropeptide Y binding in the rat pituitary gland by quantitative autoradiography.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	59-73
2175850-3	1990	Increasing concentrations of guanine nucleotide analogues and peptide YY inhibited neuropeptide Y binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	83-97
2175200-4	1990	Membranes from cells expressing large amounts of ras-p21 exhibit small differences in guanine nucleotide induced polyphosphoinositide quantities.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Canis lupus familiaris	49-56
2118351-0	1990	Modulation of guanine nucleotide effects on the insulin receptor by MgCl2.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	48-64
1698055-9	1990	In crude WB lysates, angiotensin II, [Arg8]vasopressin and adrenaline each stimulated inositol phosphate formation in a guanine-nucleotide-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	21-35
2167151-6	1990	These results demonstrate that in these cell types [Tyr4]-bombesin activates phospholipase C in conjunction with guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-132	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	58-66
2207149-2	1990	EF-1 beta catalyzes the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to EF-1 alpha; the latter protein is the eukaryotic equivalent of bacterial EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	0-9
2207149-2	1990	EF-1 beta catalyzes the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to EF-1 alpha; the latter protein is the eukaryotic equivalent of bacterial EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	65-75
2207149-2	1990	EF-1 beta catalyzes the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to EF-1 alpha; the latter protein is the eukaryotic equivalent of bacterial EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	138-143
2199064-1	1990	The X-ray structures of the guanine nucleotide binding domains (amino acids 1-166) of five mutants of the H-ras oncogene product p21 were determined.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	106-111
2199064-1	1990	The X-ray structures of the guanine nucleotide binding domains (amino acids 1-166) of five mutants of the H-ras oncogene product p21 were determined.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
2123407-2	1990	In the current study using glass beads to permeabilize [3H]- or [14C]-arachidonate labelled mesangial cells we demonstrate that guanine nucleotides modulate the EGF-mediated stimulation of arachidonic acid release (75% inhibition with 100 microM GDP beta S and 108% augmentation with 100 microM GTP gamma S).	Guanine Nucleotides	128-147	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
2196438-1	1990	The adenylate cyclase system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains the CYR1 polypeptide, responsible for catalyzing formation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) from ATP, and two RAS polypeptides, which mediate stimulation of cAMP synthesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-258	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-21
2199438-8	1990	Photolabeling was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by ATP and ADP analogs with a potency order characteristic for a P2Y-purinergic receptor and was modulated by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-193	P2Y purinoceptor 1	Meleagris gallopavo	129-152
2196438-1	1990	The adenylate cyclase system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains the CYR1 polypeptide, responsible for catalyzing formation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) from ATP, and two RAS polypeptides, which mediate stimulation of cAMP synthesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-258	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	80-84
2116014-2	1990	A protein that stimulates the rate of exchange of guanine nucleotide on p21ras has been identified and characterized in cytoplasmic extracts of human placenta.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	72-78
2198577-3	1990	In the study reported here, we measured the amounts of p21-bound guanine nucleotides under various conditions in the G54 cell line, a derivative of Swiss 3T3 cells that overexpresses normal c-Ha-ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-84	transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 1	Mus musculus	55-58
2121270-4	1990	High-affinity guanine nucleotide binding is associated with a polypeptide migrating identically with H-ras on SDS-PAGE.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	101-106
2117444-0	1990	Stimulation of Ca2(+)-independent catecholamine secretion from digitonin-permeabilized bovine adrenal chromaffin cells by guanine nucleotide analogues.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	carbonic anhydrase 2	Bos taurus	15-18
2164571-1	1990	We identified receptors for neuropeptide Y (NPY) on an established human neuroblastoma cell line, SK-N-MC, which are functionally coupled to adenylate cyclase through the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein of adenylate cyclase, Gi.	Guanine Nucleotides	182-200	neuropeptide Y	Homo sapiens	28-42
2164571-1	1990	We identified receptors for neuropeptide Y (NPY) on an established human neuroblastoma cell line, SK-N-MC, which are functionally coupled to adenylate cyclase through the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein of adenylate cyclase, Gi.	Guanine Nucleotides	182-200	neuropeptide Y	Homo sapiens	44-47
2163902-5	1990	Guanine nucleotides (GTP-gamma-S, GDP-beta-S) decreased the binding of 125I-labelled GLP-1(7-36)amide to rat lung membranes as was found for GLP-1(7-36)amide receptors in RINm5F cells which were also shown to be coupled to the adenylate cyclase system.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	85-90
2163902-5	1990	Guanine nucleotides (GTP-gamma-S, GDP-beta-S) decreased the binding of 125I-labelled GLP-1(7-36)amide to rat lung membranes as was found for GLP-1(7-36)amide receptors in RINm5F cells which were also shown to be coupled to the adenylate cyclase system.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	141-146
2196883-4	1990	In contrast, multiple conformations, including syn and anti species, are required to fit the interproton distances measured on the enzyme-bound guanine nucleotide substrates Mg2+dGTP and Mg2+ddGTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	synemin	Homo sapiens	47-50
2165355-7	1990	In vitro studies on isolated collecting tubules from rats and rabbits (none from dogs) have shown that alpha 2-agonists inhibit vasopressin-induced adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate formation and that this effect is mediated by the inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein and abolished by pertussis toxin treatment.	Guanine Nucleotides	246-264	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	128-139
2172937-5	1990	The guanine nucleotide, GTP-gamma-S, decreased the specific binding of VIP by 60-80% in 3-week and older animals, but not in younger animals.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	71-74
2111819-0	1990	Binding and hydrolysis of guanine nucleotides by Sec4p, a yeast protein involved in the regulation of vesicular traffic.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-45	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	49-54
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanine Nucleotides	283-301	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	148-152
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanine Nucleotides	283-301	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	153-156
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanine Nucleotides	283-301	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	251-255
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanine Nucleotides	283-301	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	256-259
2163013-3	1990	These actions of bradykinin are mediated by a receptor(s) coupled to pertussis toxin-insensitive guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	bradykinin receptor B2 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	17-27
2161838-2	1990	We have examined the binding of [3H]bradykinin to bovine myometrial membranes and assessed its sensitivity to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-129	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	36-46
2116165-1	1990	Go, a guanine nucleotide binding protein found predominantly in neural tissues, interacts in vitro with rhodopsin, muscarinic, and other receptors and has been implicated in the regulation of ion channels.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	104-113
2188088-5	1990	The stimulation of p38 phosphorylation by glucagon was guanine nucleotide dependent.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
1694683-5	1990	Although no guanine was detected as a product from any of the substrates studied, the ability of MnTMPP + KHSO5 to degrade guanine nucleotides was verified by the destruction of pGp, and by the appearance of bands corresponding to guanosine cleavage following treatment of 32P end labeled DNA restriction fragments with activated MnTMPP.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-142	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	178-181
2159234-3	1990	Specific 125I-NPY binding was decreased in a concentration-dependent manner by inclusion of guanine nucleotides in the incubation medium.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-111	neuropeptide Y	Homo sapiens	14-17
2158423-3	1990	A decrease in PTH receptor affinity seen in the presence of guanine nucleotides demonstrated that PTH receptors on the UMR-106 cells are coupled to guanyl nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-79	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
2158423-3	1990	A decrease in PTH receptor affinity seen in the presence of guanine nucleotides demonstrated that PTH receptors on the UMR-106 cells are coupled to guanyl nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-79	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	98-101
1694777-0	1990	Histamine H3 receptor binding sites in rat brain membranes: modulations by guanine nucleotides and divalent cations.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-94	histamine receptor H3	Rattus norvegicus	0-21
2157708-1	1990	Mutation of Pro82 into Thr, a residue situated in the second element (D80CPG83) of the consensus sequence proposed to interact with GTP/GDP in GTP-binding proteins was introduced via site-directed mutagenesis in the isolated guanine nucleotide-binding domain (G domain) of elongation factor Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	225-243	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	273-293
2187531-0	1990	Guanine nucleotide binding characteristics of transducin: essential role of rhodopsin for rapid exchange of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	76-85
2166281-6	1990	[125I]VIP binding was effectively inhibited by the addition of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-82	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	6-9
2166281-8	1990	These results directly suggest the coupling of VIP receptors with guanine nucleotide binding proteins in the anterior pituitary gland.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
2187531-0	1990	Guanine nucleotide binding characteristics of transducin: essential role of rhodopsin for rapid exchange of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-127	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	76-85
2187531-2	1990	Light-activated rhodopsin is known to catalyze GN exchange on Gt, resulting in the formation of the active state of the Gt alpha-GTP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-49	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	16-25
2187531-7	1990	GN-binding activity of Gt-I preparations was dependent on reaction temperature, and no binding was observed at 4 degrees C. In the presence of 10 microM bleached rhodopsin, Gt-I preparations bound GTP gamma S at 4 degrees C. However, hexylagarose chromatography of Gt-I preparations led to a preparation of Gt that showed less than 0.1 mol/mol binding activity following 60-min incubation at 30 degrees C in the absence of rhodopsin (Gt-II preparations).	Guanine Nucleotides	0-2	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	162-171
2157494-0	1990	Binding of periodate-oxidized guanine nucleotides to eukaryotic elongation factor 2.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-49	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	64-83
2108160-0	1990	Guanine nucleotide binding properties of the mammalian RalA protein produced in Escherichia coli.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	55-59
2110451-0	1990	Guanine nucleotide binding properties of rap1 purified from human neutrophils.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-45
2110451-1	1990	The guanine nucleotide binding properties of rap1 protein purified from human neutrophils were examined using both the protein kinase A-phosphorylated and the non-phosphorylated forms of the protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	45-49
2110451-3	1990	The binding of guanine nucleotides was found to correlate with the loss of endogenous nucleotide from the rap1 protein, which was rapid in the absence of Mg2+.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-34	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	106-110
2157494-1	1990	Periodate-oxidized guanine nucleotides (GTPox and GDPox) were shown to bind stoichiometrically to rat liver elongation factor 2 (EF-2).	Guanine Nucleotides	19-38	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	108-127
2157494-1	1990	Periodate-oxidized guanine nucleotides (GTPox and GDPox) were shown to bind stoichiometrically to rat liver elongation factor 2 (EF-2).	Guanine Nucleotides	19-38	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	129-133
2157494-6	1990	Thus, a Schiff"s base was implicated to be formed between EF-2 and oxidized guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-95	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	58-62
2157494-13	1990	The nature of the binding site involved in the direct interactions of EF-2 with guanine nucleotides is discussed in the light of these results.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-99	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
2156675-3	1990	Binding of VIP was reversible, saturable to receptor and radioligand, regulated by guanine nucleotides, and dependent on time and temperature.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-102	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	11-14
2187889-1	1990	The adenylyl cyclase system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains the CYR1 polypeptide, responsible for catalyzing formation of cAMP from ATP, and two RAS polypeptides, responsible for stimulation of cAMP synthesis by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-246	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	79-83
2187889-5	1990	Treatment with trypsin (2 micrograms/ml) reduced the size of the CYR1 protein from 205 to 155 kDa and produced an activated enzyme which no longer responded to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-179	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	65-69
2107258-2	1990	We have been able to demonstrate that the phosphatidyl inositol specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) can be activated in permeabilized B cells from the first group by direct stimulation, with GPT gamma S, of a guanine nucleotide binding (G) protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	phospholipase C beta 1	Homo sapiens	42-88
2107258-2	1990	We have been able to demonstrate that the phosphatidyl inositol specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) can be activated in permeabilized B cells from the first group by direct stimulation, with GPT gamma S, of a guanine nucleotide binding (G) protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	phospholipase C beta 1	Homo sapiens	90-96
2154328-13	1990	Supportive measures have to be considered to inhibit the highly active salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase that can partly antagonize a tiazofurin induced decrease in guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	193-212	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	86-132
2180382-1	1990	The ras oncogene product, ras p21, is structurally homologous to guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, which play an important role in transmembrane signaling systems.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
2153757-0	1990	Regulation of muscarinic agonist-induced activation of phosphoinositidase C in electrically permeabilized SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-162	phospholipase C beta 1	Homo sapiens	55-75
2154750-1	1990	The adrenergic receptors (ARs) (subtypes alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2) are a prototypic family of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological effects of the hormone epinephrine and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	adrenoceptor alpha 1D	Homo sapiens	41-77
2136995-1	1990	Previous investigations (El Mestikawy et al., J Neurochem 51: 1031-1040, 1988) have shown that 5-HT1A binding sites (R[5-HT1A]) solubilized by CHAPS from rat hippocampal membranes can be modulated by guanine nucleotides, as expected from their solubilization together with associated G regulatory proteins (G).	Guanine Nucleotides	200-219	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	95-101
2136995-1	1990	Previous investigations (El Mestikawy et al., J Neurochem 51: 1031-1040, 1988) have shown that 5-HT1A binding sites (R[5-HT1A]) solubilized by CHAPS from rat hippocampal membranes can be modulated by guanine nucleotides, as expected from their solubilization together with associated G regulatory proteins (G).	Guanine Nucleotides	200-219	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	119-125
2408068-3	1990	The second has been a study of the regulation of PKCa channels by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-85	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	49-53
2403524-1	1990	A factor with a molecular weight of 100 kDa, which markedly enhanced the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction of ras p21 proteins, was partially purified from bovine brain tissues.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	117-120
2154654-7	1990	These results clearly demonstrate that cations and guanine nucleotide can regulate the affinity states of the PAF receptor in human lung membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	platelet activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens	110-122
33762326-4	2021	In this study, we show that the PP2A regulatory subunit PPP2R2A is increased in T cells from people with systemic lupus erythematosus and binds to, dephosphorylates, and activates the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1 at Ser885, which in turn increases the levels of RhoA-GTP and the activity of ROCK in T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	32-36
33768538-2	2021	Guanosine monophosphate synthetase (GMPS) acts in the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway, utilizing a glutamine amide to synthesize the guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	guanine monophosphate synthase	Homo sapiens	0-34
33768538-2	2021	Guanosine monophosphate synthetase (GMPS) acts in the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway, utilizing a glutamine amide to synthesize the guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	guanine monophosphate synthase	Homo sapiens	36-40
33762326-4	2021	In this study, we show that the PP2A regulatory subunit PPP2R2A is increased in T cells from people with systemic lupus erythematosus and binds to, dephosphorylates, and activates the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1 at Ser885, which in turn increases the levels of RhoA-GTP and the activity of ROCK in T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit Balpha	Homo sapiens	56-63
33762326-4	2021	In this study, we show that the PP2A regulatory subunit PPP2R2A is increased in T cells from people with systemic lupus erythematosus and binds to, dephosphorylates, and activates the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1 at Ser885, which in turn increases the levels of RhoA-GTP and the activity of ROCK in T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	219-225
33762326-4	2021	In this study, we show that the PP2A regulatory subunit PPP2R2A is increased in T cells from people with systemic lupus erythematosus and binds to, dephosphorylates, and activates the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1 at Ser885, which in turn increases the levels of RhoA-GTP and the activity of ROCK in T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	275-279
33803946-4	2021	In vascular smooth muscle cells, Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors and Rho determine sensitivity to vasoconstrictors such as angiotensin II (Ang II), and facilitate vasoconstriction via G-protein and Wnt pathways, leading to increased vascular resistance, including in the renal arteries, in salt-sensitive subjects with high salt intake.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	131-145
33803946-4	2021	In vascular smooth muscle cells, Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors and Rho determine sensitivity to vasoconstrictors such as angiotensin II (Ang II), and facilitate vasoconstriction via G-protein and Wnt pathways, leading to increased vascular resistance, including in the renal arteries, in salt-sensitive subjects with high salt intake.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	147-153
34689178-2	2022	The G12 subfamily contains two family members: Galpha12 and Galpha13 (encoded by the GNA12 and GNA13 genes, respectively) and, as with all G proteins, their activity is regulated by their ability to bind to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-226	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	47-55
32794754-7	2020	Likewise, a class of state in which structures adopted inappropriate combinations of syn/anti guanine nucleotides was found to greatly slow down the folding process.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-113	synemin	Homo sapiens	85-88
27001830-4	2016	The bud-site GTPase Rsr1p regulated the fMAPK pathway through Cdc24p, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the polarity establishment GTPase Cdc42p.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	20-25
27001830-4	2016	The bud-site GTPase Rsr1p regulated the fMAPK pathway through Cdc24p, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the polarity establishment GTPase Cdc42p.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	62-68
27001830-4	2016	The bud-site GTPase Rsr1p regulated the fMAPK pathway through Cdc24p, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the polarity establishment GTPase Cdc42p.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	147-153
34673127-7	2022	Mechanistically, circPFKP interacted with IMPDH2, promoted the biogenesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-96	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	42-48
34808208-0	2022	Gbetagamma mediates activation of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF17 which promotes metastatic lung cancer progression.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 17	Homo sapiens	73-81
34689178-2	2022	The G12 subfamily contains two family members: Galpha12 and Galpha13 (encoded by the GNA12 and GNA13 genes, respectively) and, as with all G proteins, their activity is regulated by their ability to bind to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-226	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	60-68
34689178-2	2022	The G12 subfamily contains two family members: Galpha12 and Galpha13 (encoded by the GNA12 and GNA13 genes, respectively) and, as with all G proteins, their activity is regulated by their ability to bind to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-226	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	85-90
34689178-2	2022	The G12 subfamily contains two family members: Galpha12 and Galpha13 (encoded by the GNA12 and GNA13 genes, respectively) and, as with all G proteins, their activity is regulated by their ability to bind to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-226	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	95-100
34968495-3	2022	Activation-deactivation of Rho G proteins is mediated by three classes of regulatory proteins, namely the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which facilitate the conversion of inactive G proteins to their active conformations; the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), which convert the active G proteins to their inactive forms); and the GDP-dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which prevent the dissociation of GDP from G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	27-32
34971397-6	2022	RESULTS: A homozygous splice site variant was identified in solute carrier family 25, member 36 (SLC25A36), encoding the pyrimidine nucleotide carrier 2 (PNC2), a mitochondrial nucleotide carrier that transports pyrimidine as well as guanine nucleotides across the inner mitochondrial membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	234-253	solute carrier family 25 member 36	Homo sapiens	60-95
34971397-6	2022	RESULTS: A homozygous splice site variant was identified in solute carrier family 25, member 36 (SLC25A36), encoding the pyrimidine nucleotide carrier 2 (PNC2), a mitochondrial nucleotide carrier that transports pyrimidine as well as guanine nucleotides across the inner mitochondrial membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	234-253	solute carrier family 25 member 36	Homo sapiens	97-105
34971397-6	2022	RESULTS: A homozygous splice site variant was identified in solute carrier family 25, member 36 (SLC25A36), encoding the pyrimidine nucleotide carrier 2 (PNC2), a mitochondrial nucleotide carrier that transports pyrimidine as well as guanine nucleotides across the inner mitochondrial membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	234-253	solute carrier family 25 member 36	Homo sapiens	121-152
34971397-6	2022	RESULTS: A homozygous splice site variant was identified in solute carrier family 25, member 36 (SLC25A36), encoding the pyrimidine nucleotide carrier 2 (PNC2), a mitochondrial nucleotide carrier that transports pyrimidine as well as guanine nucleotides across the inner mitochondrial membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	234-253	solute carrier family 25 member 36	Homo sapiens	154-158
34767786-8	2021	SIGNIFICANCE The beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2 AR), which belongs to the vast family of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), is a transmembrane protein that is activated by the catecholamines norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline).	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	17-42
34767786-8	2021	SIGNIFICANCE The beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2 AR), which belongs to the vast family of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), is a transmembrane protein that is activated by the catecholamines norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline).	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	adenosine A2a receptor	Homo sapiens	44-52
34876589-1	2021	Various stressors such as viral infection lead to the suppression of cap-dependent translation and the activation of the integrated stress response (ISR), since the stress-induced phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2(alphaP)) tightly binds to eIF2B to prevent it from exchanging guanine nucleotide molecules on its substrate, unphosphorylated eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	306-324	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	239-243
34897417-1	2021	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) of the BRAG subfamily activate small Arf GTPases, which are pivotal regulators of intracellular membrane traffic and actin dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	schizo	Drosophila melanogaster	49-53
34877916-4	2021	Thus, targeting upstream activators of RhoG, such as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), maybe an important strategy for inhibiting RhoG activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	39-43
34877916-4	2021	Thus, targeting upstream activators of RhoG, such as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), maybe an important strategy for inhibiting RhoG activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	140-144
34876589-1	2021	Various stressors such as viral infection lead to the suppression of cap-dependent translation and the activation of the integrated stress response (ISR), since the stress-induced phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2(alphaP)) tightly binds to eIF2B to prevent it from exchanging guanine nucleotide molecules on its substrate, unphosphorylated eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	306-324	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	270-275
34305140-4	2021	IMPDH2 is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides, a dopamine synthetic pathway previously linked to childhood or adolescence-onset dystonia disorders.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-95	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
34725842-0	2021	The nucleoporin Nup50 activates the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 to promote NPC assembly at the end of mitosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	RAN, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	36-39
34725842-0	2021	The nucleoporin Nup50 activates the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 to promote NPC assembly at the end of mitosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	regulator of chromosome condensation 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	75-79
34725842-6	2021	Instead, an N-terminal fragment of Nup50 can stimulate the Ran GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and NPC assembly, indicating that Nup50 acts via the Ran system in NPC reformation at the end of mitosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	nucleoporin 50kDa S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	35-40
34725842-6	2021	Instead, an N-terminal fragment of Nup50 can stimulate the Ran GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and NPC assembly, indicating that Nup50 acts via the Ran system in NPC reformation at the end of mitosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAN, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	59-62
34877508-0	2021	GTP binding to translation factor eIF2B stimulates its guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	34-39
34796993-3	2022	The GDP to GTP exchange within EIF2 is facilitated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor EIF2B (alpha-epsilon subunits).	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	31-35
34796993-3	2022	The GDP to GTP exchange within EIF2 is facilitated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor EIF2B (alpha-epsilon subunits).	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	93-98
34769272-2	2021	According to the classic G protein paradigm established in animal models, the bound guanine nucleotide on a Galpha subunit, either guanosine diphosphate (GDP) or guanosine triphosphate (GTP) determines the inactive or active mode, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	108-114
34624316-0	2021	Identification of Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors promoting Lgl1 phosphorylation in glioblastoma.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	LLGL scribble cell polarity complex component 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
34624316-5	2021	We used CRISPR/Cas9 to knockout PREX1, a PI 3-kinase pathway-responsive Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor, in patient-derived glioblastoma cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
34624316-9	2021	This was due to overexpression of a short isoform of the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor TIAM1; knockdown of TIAM1 in these PREX1 knockout cells reduced Lgl1 phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	96-101
34657963-5	2021	HD-PTP depleted cells contain hyperphosphorylated Rabaptin-5, a cofactor for the Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Rabex-5, though HD-PTP is unlikely to directly dephosphorylate Rabaptin-5.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 23	Homo sapiens	0-6
34657963-5	2021	HD-PTP depleted cells contain hyperphosphorylated Rabaptin-5, a cofactor for the Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Rabex-5, though HD-PTP is unlikely to directly dephosphorylate Rabaptin-5.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 1	Homo sapiens	50-60
34657963-5	2021	HD-PTP depleted cells contain hyperphosphorylated Rabaptin-5, a cofactor for the Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Rabex-5, though HD-PTP is unlikely to directly dephosphorylate Rabaptin-5.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	81-85
34657963-5	2021	HD-PTP depleted cells contain hyperphosphorylated Rabaptin-5, a cofactor for the Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Rabex-5, though HD-PTP is unlikely to directly dephosphorylate Rabaptin-5.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	122-129
9685263-2	1998	Here, two ER to Golgi v-SNAREs, Bet1p and Bos1p, were shown to interact specifically with Sar1p, Sec23p, and Sec24p, components of the COPII coat, in a guanine nucleotide-dependent fashion.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	Bet1 golgi vesicular membrane trafficking protein	Homo sapiens	32-37
9685263-2	1998	Here, two ER to Golgi v-SNAREs, Bet1p and Bos1p, were shown to interact specifically with Sar1p, Sec23p, and Sec24p, components of the COPII coat, in a guanine nucleotide-dependent fashion.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	golgi SNAP receptor complex member 2	Homo sapiens	42-47
9685263-2	1998	Here, two ER to Golgi v-SNAREs, Bet1p and Bos1p, were shown to interact specifically with Sar1p, Sec23p, and Sec24p, components of the COPII coat, in a guanine nucleotide-dependent fashion.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	90-95
9685263-2	1998	Here, two ER to Golgi v-SNAREs, Bet1p and Bos1p, were shown to interact specifically with Sar1p, Sec23p, and Sec24p, components of the COPII coat, in a guanine nucleotide-dependent fashion.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	SEC24 homolog B, COPII coat complex component	Homo sapiens	109-115
34432493-3	2021	Cells expressing mutant Mrx8 predicted to be defective in guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis were compromised for robust cellular respiration.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	mental retardation, X-linked 8	Homo sapiens	24-28
34685730-6	2021	Phylogenetic analyses of the individual cAMP binding domain (CBD) and guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) domain of EPACs, two most conserved regions between the two isoforms, further reveal that EPAC1 and EPAC2 are closely clustered together within both the larger cyclic nucleotide receptor and RAPGEF families.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	194-199
34529720-6	2021	Single-cell and bulk RNA-seq analyses revealed that of the four known isoforms of the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor RasGRP, RasGRP1 is by far the predominantly expressed diacylglycerol-dependent isoform in CD4+ T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	125-131
34663953-6	2022	Microtubule acetylation, in turn, promotes the release of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1 from microtubules to activate RhoA, actomyosin contractility and traction forces.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	97-103
34663953-6	2022	Microtubule acetylation, in turn, promotes the release of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1 from microtubules to activate RhoA, actomyosin contractility and traction forces.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	134-138
34406861-6	2021	Similar to depletion of Rab7, deletion of either MON1 or CCZ1 heterodymeric GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) of Rab7, inhibited TBSV repRNA replication in yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	CCZ1 homolog, vacuolar protein trafficking and biogenesis associated	Homo sapiens	57-61
34406861-6	2021	Similar to depletion of Rab7, deletion of either MON1 or CCZ1 heterodymeric GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) of Rab7, inhibited TBSV repRNA replication in yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	122-126
34252536-1	2021	Vav1 exhibits two signal transducing properties as an adaptor protein and a regulator of cytoskeleton organization through its Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor module.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
34529720-6	2021	Single-cell and bulk RNA-seq analyses revealed that of the four known isoforms of the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor RasGRP, RasGRP1 is by far the predominantly expressed diacylglycerol-dependent isoform in CD4+ T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	133-140
34243065-1	2021	ALS2, a product of the causative gene for familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) type 2, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of endosome dynamics by activating small GTPase Rab5 via its intrinsic guanine nucleotide-exchange factor activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	205-223	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ALS2	Homo sapiens	0-4
34243065-1	2021	ALS2, a product of the causative gene for familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) type 2, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of endosome dynamics by activating small GTPase Rab5 via its intrinsic guanine nucleotide-exchange factor activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	205-223	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	182-186
34462423-2	2021	Here, using esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as a model, we demonstrate that guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (VAV2), which is overexpressed in most human cancers, plays an important role in primary and secondary radioresistance.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	124-128
34427245-9	2021	Furthermore, we identified a novel c.A1295G variant in Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors Gene 40 (ARHGEF40) and a likely pathogenic variant in the RPGR gene, suggesting that they may alter the RhoA activity essential for IOP regulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 40	Homo sapiens	104-112
34427245-9	2021	Furthermore, we identified a novel c.A1295G variant in Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors Gene 40 (ARHGEF40) and a likely pathogenic variant in the RPGR gene, suggesting that they may alter the RhoA activity essential for IOP regulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	199-203
34345888-4	2021	In this study, we investigate the local response of TJ adaptor protein cingulin and its interaction with Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor H1 (GEF-H1) upon vascular barrier disruption to find a new approach to counteract vascular leak.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	cingulin	Homo sapiens	71-79
34345888-4	2021	In this study, we investigate the local response of TJ adaptor protein cingulin and its interaction with Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor H1 (GEF-H1) upon vascular barrier disruption to find a new approach to counteract vascular leak.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	148-154
34423792-6	2021	Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of the Arf6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor suppressed asthma-like allergic inflammation in OVA-challenged WT mice.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	47-51
34439396-6	2021	Phosphorylated cortactin interacts with the SH2-domain of Vav2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho-family of GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	cortactin	Homo sapiens	15-24
34439396-6	2021	Phosphorylated cortactin interacts with the SH2-domain of Vav2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho-family of GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	58-62
34409938-3	2021	Using a combination of conditional knockout (cKO) mice and cell-penetrating peptides, we show that GIV (CCDC88A), a guanine nucleotide-exchange modulator (GEM) for trimeric GTPases, is highly expressed in spermatocytes and is required for male fertility.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	coiled coil domain containing 88A	Mus musculus	99-102
34409938-3	2021	Using a combination of conditional knockout (cKO) mice and cell-penetrating peptides, we show that GIV (CCDC88A), a guanine nucleotide-exchange modulator (GEM) for trimeric GTPases, is highly expressed in spermatocytes and is required for male fertility.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	coiled coil domain containing 88A	Mus musculus	104-111
34381782-4	2021	ELMO and DOCK proteins form complexes that function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	95-98
34358462-2	2021	In this issue of Structure, Joiner and Fromme (2021) investigate the enigmatic structural basis for Sar1 activation by the Sec12 guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	100-104
34358462-2	2021	In this issue of Structure, Joiner and Fromme (2021) investigate the enigmatic structural basis for Sar1 activation by the Sec12 guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	prolactin regulatory element binding	Homo sapiens	123-128
34216756-9	2021	Their contribution in PIDs may involve their main regulator, Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as DOCK2 and DOCK8, wherein mutations may result in the impairment of small Rho GTPase activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	dedicator of cytokinesis 2	Homo sapiens	109-114
34216756-9	2021	Their contribution in PIDs may involve their main regulator, Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as DOCK2 and DOCK8, wherein mutations may result in the impairment of small Rho GTPase activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	dedicator of cytokinesis 8	Homo sapiens	119-124
34128958-3	2021	SH3BP5 and SH3BP5L are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	SH3 domain binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	0-6
34242364-3	2021	Here we leveraged a candidate cellular GWAS screen to identify natural genetic variation in the ARHGEF26 (Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 26) gene that renders lymphoblastoid cells susceptible to Salmonella Typhi and Typhimurium invasion.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 26	Homo sapiens	96-104
34229552-6	2022	Further study indicated PRKN protein level as a rate-limiting factor to facilitate degradation of RAB7 and its GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) complex CCZ1-MON1 through the ubiquitin-proteasome system.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	24-28
34229552-6	2022	Further study indicated PRKN protein level as a rate-limiting factor to facilitate degradation of RAB7 and its GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) complex CCZ1-MON1 through the ubiquitin-proteasome system.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	98-102
34229552-6	2022	Further study indicated PRKN protein level as a rate-limiting factor to facilitate degradation of RAB7 and its GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) complex CCZ1-MON1 through the ubiquitin-proteasome system.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	111-114
34229552-6	2022	Further study indicated PRKN protein level as a rate-limiting factor to facilitate degradation of RAB7 and its GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) complex CCZ1-MON1 through the ubiquitin-proteasome system.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	CCZ1 homolog, vacuolar protein trafficking and biogenesis associated	Homo sapiens	160-164
34128958-3	2021	SH3BP5 and SH3BP5L are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	SH3 binding domain protein 5 like	Homo sapiens	11-18
34305539-7	2021	Finally, TRPV1-/- hippocampal synaptosomes showed an augmented level of the guanine nucleotide-binding (G) Galphai1, Galphai2, and Galphai3 protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Mus musculus	9-14
34128958-3	2021	SH3BP5 and SH3BP5L are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	70-75
35563476-1	2022	The cytohesin proteins, consisting of four closely related members (cytohesins-1, -2, -3, and -4), are a subfamily of the Sec7 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs), which are critical regulators of membrane trafficking and actin cytoskeleton remodeling.	Guanine Nucleotides	145-163	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	68-96
34248508-1	2021	Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) transduce signals from G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to effector ion channels and enzymes Galphao, a member of the pertussis toxin-sensitive G i/o family, is widely expressed in the brain, although its role within a neuronal context remains largely unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha O	Mus musculus	160-167
33948992-3	2021	Mechanistically, disruption of capillary barrier function is mediated by small Rho-GTPases, such as RhoA, -B, and -C, which are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and disrupted by GTPase-activating factors (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	100-116
34073530-0	2021	EFA6 in Axon Regeneration, as a Microtubule Regulator and as a Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-4
35604368-5	2022	Notably, SMGL-1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAB-8, ensuring UPS of integral proteins by driving the activation of RAB-8.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Uncharacterized protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	9-15
35604368-5	2022	Notably, SMGL-1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAB-8, ensuring UPS of integral proteins by driving the activation of RAB-8.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	65-70
35604368-5	2022	Notably, SMGL-1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAB-8, ensuring UPS of integral proteins by driving the activation of RAB-8.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	135-140
35579296-1	2022	Eukaryotic initiation factor 2B, eIF2B is a guanine nucleotide exchange, factor with a central role in coordinating the initiation of translation.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	33-38
35324017-0	2022	Conformations and binding pockets of HRas and its guanine nucleotide exchange factors complexes in the guanosine triphosphate exchange process.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	37-41
34096300-6	2021	We next observed that both guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Cytohesin-1/2/3 (CYTH1/2/3, CYTHs) and ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1 (ARFGAP1), interacted with Arf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	cytohesin 1	Bos taurus	64-79
34096300-6	2021	We next observed that both guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Cytohesin-1/2/3 (CYTH1/2/3, CYTHs) and ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1 (ARFGAP1), interacted with Arf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1	Bos taurus	103-154
34096300-6	2021	We next observed that both guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Cytohesin-1/2/3 (CYTH1/2/3, CYTHs) and ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1 (ARFGAP1), interacted with Arf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1	Bos taurus	156-163
34096300-6	2021	We next observed that both guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Cytohesin-1/2/3 (CYTH1/2/3, CYTHs) and ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1 (ARFGAP1), interacted with Arf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	182-186
34100549-7	2021	Furthermore, we show that Rab11 binds the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3a (GRAB) as well as Rab3a, which we have previously described to be a regulator of the positioning and exocytosis of lysosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-31
34100549-7	2021	Furthermore, we show that Rab11 binds the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3a (GRAB) as well as Rab3a, which we have previously described to be a regulator of the positioning and exocytosis of lysosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	81-86
34100549-7	2021	Furthermore, we show that Rab11 binds the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3a (GRAB) as well as Rab3a, which we have previously described to be a regulator of the positioning and exocytosis of lysosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAB3A interacting protein like 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
34453711-2	2021	Herein, we illustrate the use of this technique to monitor the nucleotide exchange process in Rab5, using the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-effector complex, Rabex5:Rabaptin5.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	94-98
34453713-5	2021	We found that the switching between GTP- and GDP-binding states, which is governed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) and GDI displacement factor (GDF), is a major determinant for Rab1"s ability to effectively cycle between cellular compartments and eventually for its subcellular distribution.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	260-264
35543550-1	2022	Guanylate binding protein 2 (GBP2) could bind to guanine nucleotides (GMP, GDP, and GTP) and exhibits antiviral activity against influenza virus through the innate immune response.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-68	guanylate binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
35549614-3	2022	Our recent work indicates that it interacts with and stimulates RCC1, the sole guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	64-68
35549614-3	2022	Our recent work indicates that it interacts with and stimulates RCC1, the sole guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	129-132
35219498-1	2022	BACKGROUND: IQSEC3, a gephyrin-binding GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acidergic) synapse-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, was recently reported to regulate activity-dependent GABAergic synapse maturation, but the underlying signaling mechanisms remain incompletely understood.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	IQ motif and Sec7 domain 3	Mus musculus	12-18
35219498-1	2022	BACKGROUND: IQSEC3, a gephyrin-binding GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acidergic) synapse-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, was recently reported to regulate activity-dependent GABAergic synapse maturation, but the underlying signaling mechanisms remain incompletely understood.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	gephyrin	Mus musculus	22-30
35563476-1	2022	The cytohesin proteins, consisting of four closely related members (cytohesins-1, -2, -3, and -4), are a subfamily of the Sec7 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs), which are critical regulators of membrane trafficking and actin cytoskeleton remodeling.	Guanine Nucleotides	145-163	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
35420468-9	2022	In a fixed effect inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis of these two cohorts, we identified a genome-wide significant region on chromosome 8 in intron 4 of the rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 gene (ARHGEF10).	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10	Homo sapiens	210-218
35245122-1	2022	The alpha2A adrenergic receptor (alpha2AAR) is a G protein (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein)-coupled receptor that mediates important physiological functions in response to the endogenous neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine, as well as numerous chemically distinct drugs.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	adrenoceptor alpha 2A	Homo sapiens	4-31
35422804-0	2022	Expression of a RhoA-Specific Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, p190RhoGEF, in Mouse Macrophages Negatively Affects M1 Polarization and Inflammatory Responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 28	Mus musculus	66-76
35290799-8	2022	We also identify putative guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac and Cdc42, Trio and Fgd1, respectively, whose phosphorylation states increase upon mitochondrial depolarization and whose suppression inhibits ADA.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	74-79
35290799-8	2022	We also identify putative guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac and Cdc42, Trio and Fgd1, respectively, whose phosphorylation states increase upon mitochondrial depolarization and whose suppression inhibits ADA.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	81-85
35290799-8	2022	We also identify putative guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac and Cdc42, Trio and Fgd1, respectively, whose phosphorylation states increase upon mitochondrial depolarization and whose suppression inhibits ADA.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
35293857-7	2022	We identified IMPDH2, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step of guanine nucleotides biosynthesis, as a key mediator of these effects.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-83	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	14-20
35017116-6	2022	Mechanistically, HITT is physically associated with Rab5 at switch I via 1248-1347nt and suppresses beta1 integrin endocytosis and subsequent cancer metastasis by interfering with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rab5 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	52-56
35017116-6	2022	Mechanistically, HITT is physically associated with Rab5 at switch I via 1248-1347nt and suppresses beta1 integrin endocytosis and subsequent cancer metastasis by interfering with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rab5 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	100-114
35245122-1	2022	The alpha2A adrenergic receptor (alpha2AAR) is a G protein (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein)-coupled receptor that mediates important physiological functions in response to the endogenous neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine, as well as numerous chemically distinct drugs.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	adrenoceptor alpha 2A	Homo sapiens	33-42
35196081-2	2022	Ciliogenesis involves membrane trafficking mediated by small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) including Rabs, molecular switches activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	145-163	RAB10, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	107-111
35085554-7	2022	Analysis of guanine nucleotide exchange factors revealed that ARHGEF7 was specifically required for CDCP1-dependent induction of HGF-induced invasive ability.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	62-69
35085554-7	2022	Analysis of guanine nucleotide exchange factors revealed that ARHGEF7 was specifically required for CDCP1-dependent induction of HGF-induced invasive ability.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	CUB domain containing protein 1	Homo sapiens	100-105
35085554-7	2022	Analysis of guanine nucleotide exchange factors revealed that ARHGEF7 was specifically required for CDCP1-dependent induction of HGF-induced invasive ability.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	129-132
35169261-4	2022	ARHGEF9 codes for the Cdc42 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 9 collybistin (Cb), a known regulator of inhibitory synapse function via direct interaction with the adhesion molecule neuroligin-2 and the alpha2 subunit of GABAA receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9	Homo sapiens	0-7
35169261-4	2022	ARHGEF9 codes for the Cdc42 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 9 collybistin (Cb), a known regulator of inhibitory synapse function via direct interaction with the adhesion molecule neuroligin-2 and the alpha2 subunit of GABAA receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9	Homo sapiens	78-80
35169261-4	2022	ARHGEF9 codes for the Cdc42 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 9 collybistin (Cb), a known regulator of inhibitory synapse function via direct interaction with the adhesion molecule neuroligin-2 and the alpha2 subunit of GABAA receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	neuroligin 2	Homo sapiens	182-194
35204828-3	2022	The RasGRP1 gene, encoding for a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is implicated in dopamine signaling and immune response.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	4-11
35203342-4	2022	The p.Arg200Trp variant in mouse (Plekhg2-RW), which corresponds to the p.Arg204Trp variant in humans, showed decreased guanine nucleotide-exchange activity for Rac1, Rac3, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	pleckstrin homology domain containing, family G (with RhoGef domain) member 2	Mus musculus	34-41
35203342-4	2022	The p.Arg200Trp variant in mouse (Plekhg2-RW), which corresponds to the p.Arg204Trp variant in humans, showed decreased guanine nucleotide-exchange activity for Rac1, Rac3, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	161-165
35203342-4	2022	The p.Arg200Trp variant in mouse (Plekhg2-RW), which corresponds to the p.Arg204Trp variant in humans, showed decreased guanine nucleotide-exchange activity for Rac1, Rac3, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	177-182
35080977-2	2022	TRAPPII activates GTPase Ypt31/Ypt32 as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor in the trans-Golgi network to determine the maturation of Golgi cisternae into post-Golgi carriers in yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	Rab family GTPase YPT31	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-30
35237130-1	2021	Vav proteins belong to the class of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that catalyze the exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) by guanosine triphosphate (GTP) on their target proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
34979574-7	2022	Epac is a cAMP-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small G proteins including Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
34979574-7	2022	Epac is a cAMP-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small G proteins including Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	95-99
35174167-2	2021	ARHGEF3 or XPLN (exchange factor found in platelets, leukemic, and neuronal tissues) is a selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases (RhoGEFs) that activates RhoA and RhoB but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	198-202
35174167-2	2021	ARHGEF3 or XPLN (exchange factor found in platelets, leukemic, and neuronal tissues) is a selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases (RhoGEFs) that activates RhoA and RhoB but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	204-208
35174167-2	2021	ARHGEF3 or XPLN (exchange factor found in platelets, leukemic, and neuronal tissues) is a selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases (RhoGEFs) that activates RhoA and RhoB but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
35174167-2	2021	ARHGEF3 or XPLN (exchange factor found in platelets, leukemic, and neuronal tissues) is a selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases (RhoGEFs) that activates RhoA and RhoB but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	219-224
35194610-7	2022	We identified IMPDH2, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step of guanine nucleotides biosynthesis, as a key mediator of these effects.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-83	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	14-20
35174167-2	2021	ARHGEF3 or XPLN (exchange factor found in platelets, leukemic, and neuronal tissues) is a selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases (RhoGEFs) that activates RhoA and RhoB but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-7
35174167-2	2021	ARHGEF3 or XPLN (exchange factor found in platelets, leukemic, and neuronal tissues) is a selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases (RhoGEFs) that activates RhoA and RhoB but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	11-15
35174167-2	2021	ARHGEF3 or XPLN (exchange factor found in platelets, leukemic, and neuronal tissues) is a selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases (RhoGEFs) that activates RhoA and RhoB but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	176-180
35174167-2	2021	ARHGEF3 or XPLN (exchange factor found in platelets, leukemic, and neuronal tissues) is a selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases (RhoGEFs) that activates RhoA and RhoB but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	185-189
35080977-2	2022	TRAPPII activates GTPase Ypt31/Ypt32 as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor in the trans-Golgi network to determine the maturation of Golgi cisternae into post-Golgi carriers in yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	Rab family GTPase YPT32	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-36
2557767-4	1989	The kidney PYY receptor was sensitive to guanine nucleotides and could be classified as belonging to the Y2-subtype of NPY receptors, thus resembling in its binding characteristics the hippocampal NPY receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-60	peptide YY	Oryctolagus cuniculus	11-14
2512288-5	1989	The preparation of nucleotide-free Arf1 has allowed a more accurate determination of the binding constants for guanine nucleotides and revealed a significantly higher affinity for GDP than was previously determined.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-130	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	35-39
35083941-2	2022	Recent studies have showed several Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that affect development and structure of neuronal processes play a vital role in the regulation of chronic pain.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	35-38
2556274-6	1989	In contrast, magnesium but not neomycin largely enhanced the potency of guanine nucleotides, particularly of GTP and its analog, guanosine-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate), to reduce fMet-Leu-Phe receptor binding, while maximal inhibition of agonist receptor binding by guanine nucleotides was identical with magnesium and neomycin.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-91	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	176-197
2511846-1	1989	Insulin inhibited the ability of activated pertussis toxin to catalyse the ADP-ribosylation of alpha-Gi in isolated plasma membranes in either the absence of added guanine nucleotides or in the presence of GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-183	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
2689859-8	1989	These results suggest that BzATP is a full P2Y-purinergic receptor agonist, which after photolysis becomes irreversibly associated with turkey erythrocyte membranes and promotes P2Y-purinergic receptor-mediated guanine nucleotide-dependent activation of phospholipase C.	Guanine Nucleotides	211-229	P2Y purinoceptor 1	Meleagris gallopavo	43-66
2689859-8	1989	These results suggest that BzATP is a full P2Y-purinergic receptor agonist, which after photolysis becomes irreversibly associated with turkey erythrocyte membranes and promotes P2Y-purinergic receptor-mediated guanine nucleotide-dependent activation of phospholipase C.	Guanine Nucleotides	211-229	P2Y purinoceptor 1	Meleagris gallopavo	178-201
2556274-6	1989	In contrast, magnesium but not neomycin largely enhanced the potency of guanine nucleotides, particularly of GTP and its analog, guanosine-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate), to reduce fMet-Leu-Phe receptor binding, while maximal inhibition of agonist receptor binding by guanine nucleotides was identical with magnesium and neomycin.	Guanine Nucleotides	263-282	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	176-197
2557657-6	1989	These data suggest that PAF receptor in human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes may be coupled through a pertussis toxin-insensitive guanine nucleotide binding protein to a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	24-27
2555322-0	1989	Agonist-induced desensitization of a P2Y-purinergic receptor-regulated phospholipase C. A guanine nucleotide-dependent P2Y-purinergic receptor-regulated phospholipase C activity of turkey erythrocyte membranes has been characterized in detail previously (Boyer, J. L., Downes, C. P., and Harden, T. K. (1989) J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	P2Y purinoceptor 1	Meleagris gallopavo	37-60
2555322-0	1989	Agonist-induced desensitization of a P2Y-purinergic receptor-regulated phospholipase C. A guanine nucleotide-dependent P2Y-purinergic receptor-regulated phospholipase C activity of turkey erythrocyte membranes has been characterized in detail previously (Boyer, J. L., Downes, C. P., and Harden, T. K. (1989) J. Biol.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	P2Y purinoceptor 1	Meleagris gallopavo	119-142
2507536-11	1989	[35S]GTP gamma S-binding to c25KG was specifically inhibited by guanine nucleotides, GTP and GDP, but not by adenine nucleotides such as ATP and adenyl-5"-yl beta, gamma-imidodiphosphate.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-83	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-33
2808417-4	1989	The mitochondrial EF-Tu.Ts complex is very stable and cannot be dissociated even in the presence of high concentrations of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-142	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	18-23
2808417-6	1989	Mitochondrial EF-Ts activity can be detected by its ability to facilitate guanine nucleotide exchange with Escherichia coli EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	14-19
2554329-3	1989	One such suppressor, MSI1, was found to encode a putative protein of 422 amino acids that shows homology to the beta subunit of the mammalian guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	musashi RNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
2771944-6	1989	These findings combined with the observed guanine nucleotide-mediated decrease in binding suggest that PAPA-APEC is a full A2 agonist.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	pappalysin 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
2674130-4	1989	rac1 and rac2 possess four of the five conserved functional domains in ras associated with binding and hydrolysis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-136	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
2674130-4	1989	rac1 and rac2 possess four of the five conserved functional domains in ras associated with binding and hydrolysis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-136	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
2476675-0	1989	Structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21 in the triphosphate conformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
2476675-1	1989	The crystal structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of p21 (amino acids 1-166) complexed to the guanosine triphosphate analogue guanosine-5"-(beta, gamma-imido)triphosphate (GppNp) has been determined at a resolution of 2.6 A.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	66-69
2476675-2	1989	The topological order of secondary structure elements is the same as that of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of bacterial elongation factor EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	146-151
2506853-0	1989	Kinetic analysis of the binding of guanine nucleotides to bovine brain rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-54	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	71-75
2506853-0	1989	Kinetic analysis of the binding of guanine nucleotides to bovine brain rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-54	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	76-79
2506853-0	1989	Kinetic analysis of the binding of guanine nucleotides to bovine brain rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-54	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	87-90
2506853-1	1989	We have investigated the kinetics of the binding of guanine nucleotides to bovine brain rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-71	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	88-92
2506853-1	1989	We have investigated the kinetics of the binding of guanine nucleotides to bovine brain rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-71	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	93-96
2506853-1	1989	We have investigated the kinetics of the binding of guanine nucleotides to bovine brain rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-71	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	104-107
2551182-2	1989	Guanine nucleotides (GTP, GTP-gamma-S, GDP-beta-S) decreased the binding of GLP-1(7-36)amide to receptors on RINm5F cell membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	76-81
2551182-8	1989	The effect of guanine nucleotides on binding of GLP-1(7-36)amide indicates that the action of the peptide is mediated by the adenylate cyclase system.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-33	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	48-53
2668035-0	1989	Conformational changes occurring in N-ras p21 in response to binding of guanine nucleotide and metal ions probed by proteolysis performed under controlled conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
2668035-4	1989	Some capacity to bind guanine nucleotide is also retained by p21 treated with 7 M urea, as evidenced by increased resistance to proteolytic degradation, but the ability to bind divalent cations is irreversibly lost following denaturation.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
2475031-6	1989	Pretreatment with pertussis toxin (inactivates inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding proteins) reversed the inhibitory effect of somatostatin on the release of [3H]ACh evoked by CCK-8.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	somatostatin	Cavia porcellus	129-141
2502402-8	1989	The regulation of the formyl-peptide receptor binding properties by guanine nucleotides is independent of Gp activation, since inhibition of peptide binding is achieved by addition of both guanine nucleoside diphosphates and triphosphates and is readily seen both in the presence and in the absence of Mg2+.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-87	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	302-305
2507084-0	1989	Activation of the human neutrophil 5-lipoxygenase by exogenous arachidonic acid: involvement of pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	35-49
2557141-5	1989	These results are consistent with a regulatory role for guanine nucleotides in the function of the vascular VIP receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-75	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	108-111
2503507-4	1989	In contrast to the effect on AlF-4-stimulated activity, the stimulatory effect on phospholipase C of the P2Y-purinergic receptor agonist 2-methylthioadenosine 5"-triphosphate in the presence of guanine nucleotides was potentiated by 50-100% in a concentration-dependent manner by reconstitution of beta gamma subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-213	P2Y purinoceptor 1	Meleagris gallopavo	105-128
2519894-8	1989	Quinacrine, the inhibitor of phospholipase A2, completely inhibits carbachol- and guanine nucleotide-activated AA release and greatly (by about 60-70%) decreases Ca(2+)-dependent AA liberation from phosphatidylinositol.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	29-45
2550106-0	1989	Guanine nucleotide regulation of [125I]beta-endorphin binding to NG108-15 and SK-N-SH cell membranes: specific cation requirements.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	39-53
2550106-0	1989	Guanine nucleotide regulation of [125I]beta-endorphin binding to NG108-15 and SK-N-SH cell membranes: specific cation requirements.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	hedgehog acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	78-82
2661226-2	1989	The guanine-nucleotide-binding domain (G domain) of elongation factor Tu(EF-Tu) consisting of 203 amino acid residues, corresponding to the N-terminal half of the molecule, has been recently engineered by deleting part of the tufA gene and partially characterized [Parmeggiani, A., Swart, G. W. M., Mortensen, K. K., Jensen, M., Clark, B. F. C., Dente, L. and Cortese, R. (1987) Proc.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	52-72
2661226-2	1989	The guanine-nucleotide-binding domain (G domain) of elongation factor Tu(EF-Tu) consisting of 203 amino acid residues, corresponding to the N-terminal half of the molecule, has been recently engineered by deleting part of the tufA gene and partially characterized [Parmeggiani, A., Swart, G. W. M., Mortensen, K. K., Jensen, M., Clark, B. F. C., Dente, L. and Cortese, R. (1987) Proc.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	73-78
2495280-0	1989	Guanine nucleotide-sensitive interaction of a radiolabeled agonist with a phospholipase C-linked P2y-purinergic receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	P2Y purinoceptor 1	Meleagris gallopavo	97-120
2543569-4	1989	It has previously been shown in other systems that phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha slows the rate of recycling of eIF-2.GDP to eIF-2.GTP catalysed by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF-2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Cricetulus griseus	70-81
2523468-4	1989	The data indicate that the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein or Go (a similar GTP-binding protein of unknown function purified from brain) mediates the 5-HT1A agonist inhibition of hippocampal adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	164-170
2501664-8	1989	The results demonstrate that TNF secretion is regulated by at least two distinct guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, one responsible for the activation of phospholipase C and another which acts as a substrate for botulinum toxin type D. ADP-ribosylation of monocyte membranes by botulinum toxin type D demonstrated the presence of three substrates with Mrs of 45,000, 21,000, and 17,000.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-32
2494166-0	1989	Effect of guanine nucleotides on the conformation and stability of chloroplast elongation factor Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-29	elongation factor 1-alpha	Euglena gracilis	79-99
2494166-1	1989	The effect of guanine nucleotides and kirromycin on the conformation and stability of the chloroplast elongation factor Tu (EF-Tuchl) from Euglena gracilis has been investigated.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-33	elongation factor 1-alpha	Euglena gracilis	102-122
2565843-7	1989	Thus, in this gastrinoma patient, secretin and somatostatin appeared to act directly on gastrinoma cells to stimulate and inhibit gastrin secretion, respectively, by modulating adenylate cyclase activation, probably via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	220-238	secretin	Homo sapiens	34-42
2503407-0	1989	Calmodulin modulates thymocyte adenylate cyclase activity through the guanine nucleotide regulatory unit.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
2503407-11	1989	From these results I suggest that in the rat thymocyte calmodulin activation, and thereby T3 stimulation of the calcium-sensitive adenylate cyclase system is mediated through the guanine nucleotide regulatory unit.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-65
2498879-1	1989	The products of the ras oncogenes (p21ras) are ubiquitous membrane-associated proteins that bind guanine nucleotides and possess an intrinsic GTPase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-116	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	35-41
2541447-3	1989	This action of ANG-II was mimicked by guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate but not by cAMP, cGMP, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, or phorbol ester, suggesting that ANG-II inhibits the potassium channel directly by means of a guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein or by means of an unusual type of second messenger.	Guanine Nucleotides	224-242	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	15-21
2495280-1	1989	Analogs of ATP and ADP produce a guanine nucleotide-dependent activation of phospholipase C in turkey erythrocyte membranes with pharmacological properties consistent with those of a P2y-purinergic receptor (Boyer, J. L., Downes, C. P., and Harden, T.K.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	P2Y purinoceptor 1	Meleagris gallopavo	183-206
2784421-4	1989	ras oncogenes activated through alterations in codon 12 which encode p21 molecules with impaired GTPase activity, or in codon 59 which produce p21 molecules that release bound guanine nucleotide faster, or in codon 61 which produce p21 having impaired GTPase activity and altered nucleotide release properties, are all able to induce the metastatic phenotype.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	143-146
2545888-3	1989	The 125I-AII binding was rapid, saturable, reversible and modulated by divalent cations and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-111	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	9-12
2925642-1	1989	During the process of transduction of a photon signal in vertebrate rod outer segments, transducin, a guanine nucleotide binding protein, mediates between a photobleaching intermediate of rhodopsin and a cGMP-phosphodiesterase.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	188-197
2784421-4	1989	ras oncogenes activated through alterations in codon 12 which encode p21 molecules with impaired GTPase activity, or in codon 59 which produce p21 molecules that release bound guanine nucleotide faster, or in codon 61 which produce p21 having impaired GTPase activity and altered nucleotide release properties, are all able to induce the metastatic phenotype.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	143-146
2494654-1	1989	A structural model of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein alpha subunits (G alpha subunits) is proposed based on the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the human HRAS protein (p21ras).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	182-186
2521556-0	1989	Solubilization of a guanine nucleotide-sensitive form of vasopressin V2 receptors from porcine kidney.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	57-68
2495434-14	1989	Because the amount of outward current elicited when these agonists were coperfused was significantly less than the algebraic sum of the currents evoked individually by these agents, we infer that a population of AD A1 and 5-HT1A receptors activates a common pool of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	266-284	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	222-228
2547206-1	1989	Radioligand binding studies have previously identified a high affinity, magnesium-dependent, guanine nucleotide-sensitive binding site for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in mouse spleen.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	corticotropin releasing hormone	Mus musculus	139-169
2494654-1	1989	A structural model of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein alpha subunits (G alpha subunits) is proposed based on the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the human HRAS protein (p21ras).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	196-202
2537115-0	1989	Involvement of guanine nucleotide binding proteins in neutrophil activation and priming by GM-CSF.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	91-97
3049052-0	1988	Calcitonin gene-related peptide stimulates adenylate cyclase activation via a guanine nucleotide-dependent process in rat liver plasma membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-31
2563928-3	1989	The ability of pertussis toxin to reverse selectively the inhibitory effect of somatostatin on histamine-stimulated acid secretion is consistent with the ability of pertussis toxin to inactivate a guanine nucleotide binding protein, which couples somatostatin receptors to inhibition of adenylate cyclase; histamine, but not gastrin, stimulates acid secretion via activation of adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	197-215	somatostatin	Mus musculus	79-91
2563928-3	1989	The ability of pertussis toxin to reverse selectively the inhibitory effect of somatostatin on histamine-stimulated acid secretion is consistent with the ability of pertussis toxin to inactivate a guanine nucleotide binding protein, which couples somatostatin receptors to inhibition of adenylate cyclase; histamine, but not gastrin, stimulates acid secretion via activation of adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	197-215	somatostatin	Mus musculus	247-259
2537401-8	1989	These results suggest that in differentiated U-937 cells PAF receptor is coupled through a pertussis toxin-insensitive guanine nucleotide binding protein to a phosphoinositide specific phospholipase C. Inositol-trisphosphate, and possibly diacylglycerol, could be the intracellular messengers for PAF receptor in U-937 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	57-60
2491852-13	1989	Taken together, the results of GTP and eIF-2.GDP binding to GEF and the pattern of the double-reciprocal plots strongly suggest that the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction follows a sequential mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	39-44
2491852-13	1989	Taken together, the results of GTP and eIF-2.GDP binding to GEF and the pattern of the double-reciprocal plots strongly suggest that the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction follows a sequential mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	60-63
2535812-2	1989	PYY and neuropeptide Y (NPY) bound with high affinity to crude membrane preparations from the hippocampus, but their C-terminal fragments bound with 30- to 450-fold lower affinity Guanine nucleotides, especially the nonhydrolyzable GTP analog GTP gammas inhibited the binding of [125I]PYY, but other transmitters, hormones, and central nervous system-acting drugs did not, except for gangliosides at high concentrations.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-199	neuropeptide Y	Homo sapiens	8-22
2562826-8	1989	5) Ca2+ (0.5-11.9 microM) produced concentration-dependent inhibition of basal (up to 28%) and GRF-stimulated (up to 47%) cyclase activities; the inhibitory effect of Ca2+ was accompanied by a decrement (2- to 3-fold) in the apparent affinities of the enzyme for both GRF and guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	276-294	growth hormone releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
2535990-0	1989	Guanine nucleotide-dependent, pertussis toxin-insensitive regulation of phosphoinositide turnover by bradykinin in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	101-111
3062576-2	1988	The amino acid sequence of the 48 kDalton CDC6 gene product, as deduced from DNA sequence data, includes the three consensus peptide motifs involved in guanine nucleotide binding and GTPase activity, a target site for cAMP-dependent protein kinase and a carboxy-terminal domain related to metallothionein sequences.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	AAA family ATPase CDC6	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-46
2848262-6	1988	Whereas cAMP, AMP, ADP, and ATP were ineffective, all of the corresponding guanine nucleotides potentiated PKCa channel activity when tested at a high concentration (500 microM).	Guanine Nucleotides	75-94	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	107-111
2521556-8	1989	Addition of guanine nucleotides such as GTP gamma S decreased the specific binding of [3H]arginine vasopressin to these solubilized fractions in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the solubilization of a V2 receptor-G protein complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-31	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	99-110
2492665-1	1989	RAS1 and RAS2 proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins involved in the regulation of adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Ras family GTPase RAS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
2492665-1	1989	RAS1 and RAS2 proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins involved in the regulation of adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	9-13
2492665-1	1989	RAS1 and RAS2 proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins involved in the regulation of adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-138
2491843-1	1989	The protein products of the mammalian ras genes, p21ras, are regulatory guanine nucleotide binding proteins that are involved in the control of cell proliferation, though the exact biochemical processes regulated are unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	49-55
2562826-4	1989	1) GRF caused guanine nucleotide-dependent concentration-related (Ka, approximately 10(-8) M) stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	growth hormone releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	3-6
2562826-5	1989	2) Guanine nucleotides were effective in stimulating cyclase in the absence of GRF; the concentration of guanine nucleotide required for half-maximal stimulation was decreased more than 10-fold in the presence of GRF.	Guanine Nucleotides	3-22	growth hormone releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	213-216
2562826-5	1989	2) Guanine nucleotides were effective in stimulating cyclase in the absence of GRF; the concentration of guanine nucleotide required for half-maximal stimulation was decreased more than 10-fold in the presence of GRF.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	growth hormone releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	213-216
2463183-1	1988	To clarify the possible role of a guanine nucleotide regulatory protein in the signal transducing system activated by cholecystokinin (CCK), the actions of CCK on rat pancreatic acini were compared with those of NaF, which is a well-known activator of stimulatory and inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	118-133
2463183-1	1988	To clarify the possible role of a guanine nucleotide regulatory protein in the signal transducing system activated by cholecystokinin (CCK), the actions of CCK on rat pancreatic acini were compared with those of NaF, which is a well-known activator of stimulatory and inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	135-138
2463183-2	1988	Guanine nucleotides reduced the binding of 125I-CCK-octapeptide (CCK8) to acinar cell membranes, with the rank order of potency being guanyl-5"-yl imidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) greater than GTP greater than GDP greater than GMP.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	48-51
3049052-4	1988	On the other hand, guanine nucleotides not only decreased 125I-[Tyr0]rat CGRP binding to rat liver plasma membranes, but also accelerated the dissociation of label binding, and the removal of Mg2+ from incubation medium attenuated this inhibitory action of GTP on 125I-[Tyr0]rat CGRP binding to membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-38	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	73-77
3049052-4	1988	On the other hand, guanine nucleotides not only decreased 125I-[Tyr0]rat CGRP binding to rat liver plasma membranes, but also accelerated the dissociation of label binding, and the removal of Mg2+ from incubation medium attenuated this inhibitory action of GTP on 125I-[Tyr0]rat CGRP binding to membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-38	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	279-283
3049052-6	1988	These findings lead us to conclude that binding of CGRP to its receptors activates adenylate cyclase in rat liver plasma membranes via a guanine nucleotide-dependent process, suggesting the involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding stimulatory protein in the action of CGRP.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	51-55
3049052-6	1988	These findings lead us to conclude that binding of CGRP to its receptors activates adenylate cyclase in rat liver plasma membranes via a guanine nucleotide-dependent process, suggesting the involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding stimulatory protein in the action of CGRP.	Guanine Nucleotides	205-223	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	51-55
3049052-6	1988	These findings lead us to conclude that binding of CGRP to its receptors activates adenylate cyclase in rat liver plasma membranes via a guanine nucleotide-dependent process, suggesting the involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding stimulatory protein in the action of CGRP.	Guanine Nucleotides	205-223	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	269-273
2844595-2	1988	ADP-ribosylation of membrane-bound p22 was potentiated by 2 mM MgCl2 or guanine nucleotides but was much reduced in the presence of 10 mM Mg2+ plus GTP gamma S. p22 was immunoprecipitated by a monoclonal antibody (142-24E05) raised against a peptide sequence common to the ras gene family but not by other ras or G-protein antibodies.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-91	TBP-associated factor 12	Drosophila melanogaster	35-38
3139989-14	1988	Gpp(NH)p sensitivity of agonist displacement of 5-HT1B binding to NEM-treated membranes is restored by addition of purified guanine nucleotide binding proteins (Gi plus Go).	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Rattus norvegicus	48-54
2844595-2	1988	ADP-ribosylation of membrane-bound p22 was potentiated by 2 mM MgCl2 or guanine nucleotides but was much reduced in the presence of 10 mM Mg2+ plus GTP gamma S. p22 was immunoprecipitated by a monoclonal antibody (142-24E05) raised against a peptide sequence common to the ras gene family but not by other ras or G-protein antibodies.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-91	TBP-associated factor 12	Drosophila melanogaster	161-164
3135549-5	1988	Deduced amino acid sequences of ARF, Go alpha (the alpha subunit of a G protein that may be involved in regulation of ion fluxes), and c-Ha-ras gene product p21 show similarities in regions believed to be involved in guanine nucleotide binding and GTP hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	217-235	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	157-160
3138543-1	1988	The recent cloning of the complementary DNAs and/or genes for several receptors linked to guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins including the adrenergic receptors (alpha 1, alpha 2A, alpha 2B, beta 1, beta 2), several subtypes of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors, and the visual "receptor" rhodopsin has revealed considerable similarity in the primary structure of these proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	adrenoceptor alpha 1D	Homo sapiens	165-182
3138543-1	1988	The recent cloning of the complementary DNAs and/or genes for several receptors linked to guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins including the adrenergic receptors (alpha 1, alpha 2A, alpha 2B, beta 1, beta 2), several subtypes of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors, and the visual "receptor" rhodopsin has revealed considerable similarity in the primary structure of these proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	184-200
3138543-1	1988	The recent cloning of the complementary DNAs and/or genes for several receptors linked to guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins including the adrenergic receptors (alpha 1, alpha 2A, alpha 2B, beta 1, beta 2), several subtypes of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors, and the visual "receptor" rhodopsin has revealed considerable similarity in the primary structure of these proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	202-208
3138543-1	1988	The recent cloning of the complementary DNAs and/or genes for several receptors linked to guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins including the adrenergic receptors (alpha 1, alpha 2A, alpha 2B, beta 1, beta 2), several subtypes of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors, and the visual "receptor" rhodopsin has revealed considerable similarity in the primary structure of these proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	295-304
3042464-9	1988	Then we analyzed the guanine nucleotide bound to p21 in the intact PC12 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
2838525-9	1988	These results demonstrate that bradykinin binds to its receptor and activates a membrane-associated PLC through a pertussis toxin-sensitive, guanine nucleotide protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	31-41
3293799-4	1988	Transport is inhibited by the guanine nucleotide analog GTP gamma S. sec23 mutant cells have a temperature-sensitive defect in endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transport in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	GTPase-activating protein SEC23	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-74
2837635-6	1988	In contrast, the cholera toxin-treated membranes demonstrated a partial reduction in the activity of TRH-induced low Km GTPase activity and a 10-fold increase in the concentration of guanine nucleotide required for a half-maximal effect in regulating the TRH receptor affinity for [3H]methyl-TRH.	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	101-104
2837635-6	1988	In contrast, the cholera toxin-treated membranes demonstrated a partial reduction in the activity of TRH-induced low Km GTPase activity and a 10-fold increase in the concentration of guanine nucleotide required for a half-maximal effect in regulating the TRH receptor affinity for [3H]methyl-TRH.	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	thyrotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	255-267
2837635-6	1988	In contrast, the cholera toxin-treated membranes demonstrated a partial reduction in the activity of TRH-induced low Km GTPase activity and a 10-fold increase in the concentration of guanine nucleotide required for a half-maximal effect in regulating the TRH receptor affinity for [3H]methyl-TRH.	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	255-258
3129188-8	1988	Therefore, it was concluded that this guanine nucleotide-binding protein isolated from neuroblastoma was very similar, if not identical, to brain G(o) alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	tripartite motif containing 47	Homo sapiens	146-156
2837214-5	1988	These data suggest that a guanine nucleotide inhibitory (Gi) protein couples 5HT receptor to phospholipase C and TPA modulates 5HT-stimulated hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids in cultured VSMC through activation of PKC.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	93-108
2967696-0	1988	Guanine nucleotide-, and inositol triphosphate-induced inhibition of the CA2+ pump in rat heart sarcolemmal vesicles.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	73-76
3384017-3	1988	We have probed rat rod outer segment proteins with light-activated (azido-labeled) radioactive nucleotides and found a nucleotide binding site(s) on the rim protein which has a preference for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	192-211	RB binding protein 8, endonuclease	Rattus norvegicus	153-156
2835009-0	1988	Guanine nucleotide regulation of the interconversion of the two-state hepatic glucagon receptor system of rat.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	glucagon receptor	Rattus norvegicus	78-95
3356694-0	1988	The effect of Mg2+ and guanine nucleotide exchange factor on the binding of guanine nucleotides to eukaryotic initiation factor 2.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-95	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	14-17
3356694-3	1988	Measurement of the parameters for guanine nucleotide binding to eIF-2 is critical to understanding the control of protein synthesis by fluctuations in cellular energy levels.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	64-69
3356694-0	1988	The effect of Mg2+ and guanine nucleotide exchange factor on the binding of guanine nucleotides to eukaryotic initiation factor 2.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-95	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-129
3356695-7	1988	This mechanism proposes the existence of a GEF.eIF-2.GDP complex and excludes the possibility of two guanine nucleotide binding sites on eIF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	137-142
3390898-3	1988	The guanine nucleotide binding regulatory Gi protein inhibitor, pertussis toxin (PT) prevented the enhancing effect of KE and FMLP on PMNL free calcium of healthy middle-aged subjects, but could not completely abolish the [Ca2+]i elevation in PMNLs of aged subjects.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
2453065-0	1988	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein Go-induced coupling of neuropeptide Y receptors to Ca2+ channels in sensory neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	58-72
3042385-1	1988	The Saccharomyces cerevisiae YPT1 gene codes for a ras-like, guanine nucleotide-binding protein which is essential for cell viability.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Rab family GTPase YPT1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-33
3339364-4	1988	The binding of [3H]neurotensin was decreased by cations (monovalent and divalent) and by a nonhydrolysable guanine nucleotide analogue.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	neurotensin	Bos taurus	19-30
2830910-0	1988	Guanine nucleotide regulation of adenylate cyclase in permeabilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	33-50
2965583-0	1988	Differential coupling of smooth muscle and liver vasopressin (V1) receptors to guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	49-60
2965583-1	1988	We report the reconstitution of the smooth muscle vasopressin V1 receptor functionally coupled to a pertussis toxin-insensitive guanine nucleotide-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	50-61
3339364-9	1988	The solubilized [3H]-neurotensin activity retained its sensitivity to cations and guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	neurotensin	Bos taurus	21-32
2831352-10	1988	Furthermore, the possibility is raised that phospholipase A2 is regulated by both stimulatory and inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	44-60
2900071-0	1988	Dual regulation of ACTH secretion by guanine nucleotides in permeabilized AtT-20 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-56	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	19-23
2900071-7	1988	Nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotides also stimulated ACTH release, in a virtually Ca2+-free medium.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-35	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	52-56
2831881-0	1988	Direct interaction between membrane-associated nucleoside diphosphate kinase and GTP-binding protein(Gs), and its regulation by hormones and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-160	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Rattus norvegicus	81-100
3135154-1	1988	Information available at present documents the existence of three well-defined classes of guanine nucleotide binding proteins functioning as signal transducers: Gs and Gi which stimulate and inhibit adenylate cyclase, respectively, and transducin which transmits and amplifies the signal from light-activated rhodopsin to cGMP-dependent phosphodiesterase in ROS membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	309-318
3140742-1	1988	The ras oncogene product ras p21 is structurally homologous to guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and plays an important role in transducing signals elicited by membrane receptors into intracellular metabolism.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
3152020-0	1988	Signal transduction by guanine nucleotide-binding proteins: possible molecular basis for multiple forms of Go alpha mRNA.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	tripartite motif containing 47	Homo sapiens	107-115
2821624-1	1987	The role of guanine nucleotides in ras p21 function was determined by using the ability of p21 protein to induce maturation of Xenopus oocytes as a quantitative assay for biological activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-31	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	39-42
3127202-4	1987	Amino acid sequences typical for guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and characteristic for ypt proteins are perfectly conserved in the mouse ypt1 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	142-146
3120720-5	1987	These results indicate that arachidonate release and DG formation are differently affected by these agents acting on guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins), suggesting that the distinct G proteins modulate the activity of phospholipase C and phospholipase A2.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	252-268
3126197-3	1987	The following lines of experimental evidence collectively suggest that CTX receptors are coupled to phospholipase C via a guanine nucleotide binding (G) protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
3126197-5	1987	Studies with both PMN particulate fractions and with partially purified fMet-Leu-Phe receptor preparations indicate that guanine nucleotides regulate CTX receptor affinity.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-140	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	72-93
3126197-5	1987	Studies with both PMN particulate fractions and with partially purified fMet-Leu-Phe receptor preparations indicate that guanine nucleotides regulate CTX receptor affinity.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-140	cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	150-153
3325773-3	1987	The product of the 3"-terminal 2.1 kb region of CYR1 showed guanine nucleotide-dependent adenylate cyclase activity and produced a large amount of cAMP in the presence of the RAS gene.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-52
3038870-7	1987	The same holds true for NaF and guanosine 5"-(beta, gamma-imido)trisphosphate, indicating a constant activity of the guanine nucleotide regulatory unit which mediates hormonal stimulation of adenylate cyclase (Ns).	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	24-27
2829061-0	1987	Guanine nucleotide regulation of receptor binding of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in rat brain regions, retina and pituitary.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	53-82
2829061-0	1987	Guanine nucleotide regulation of receptor binding of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in rat brain regions, retina and pituitary.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	84-87
2829061-1	1987	Guanine nucleotides inhibited the specific binding of [3H](3-Me-His2)thyrotropin-releasing hormone ([3H]MeTRH) to receptors for TRH in washed homogenates of rat anterior pituitary gland in a dose-related manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	69-98
2829061-1	1987	Guanine nucleotides inhibited the specific binding of [3H](3-Me-His2)thyrotropin-releasing hormone ([3H]MeTRH) to receptors for TRH in washed homogenates of rat anterior pituitary gland in a dose-related manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	106-109
2829061-6	1987	These data suggest that TRH receptor binding can be allosterically regulated by guanine nucleotides and provide further evidence for the existence of guanine nucleotide binding protein(s) coupled to the TRH receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-99	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	24-27
2829061-6	1987	These data suggest that TRH receptor binding can be allosterically regulated by guanine nucleotides and provide further evidence for the existence of guanine nucleotide binding protein(s) coupled to the TRH receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-99	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	203-206
3304619-2	1987	Treatment of cells with an inhibitor of guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, mycophenolic acid, enhanced detection of GFAP by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Homo sapiens	114-118
3036863-9	1987	These data support the proposal that activation of the TRH receptor enhances turnover of guanine nucleotides at the binding protein coupling the receptor to phospholipase C. In addition, GTP gamma S diminished high affinity [3H]Me-TRH binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-108	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
3036863-9	1987	These data support the proposal that activation of the TRH receptor enhances turnover of guanine nucleotides at the binding protein coupling the receptor to phospholipase C. In addition, GTP gamma S diminished high affinity [3H]Me-TRH binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-108	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	231-234
3328019-3	1987	Furthermore, it has been shown that residues 16, 116 and 119 in p21 played critical roles in the guanine nucleotide binding and, consequently, the ability of the protein to induce changes characteristic of cellular transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
3118356-3	1987	It is shown that cholate extracts from cholera toxin-treated brush border membranes can efficiently reconstitute adenylyl cyclase activity in the guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory component (Gs)-deficient cyc- variant of the S49 mouse lymphoma cell line (cyc- cells lack the alpha subunit of Gs needed to activate the catalytic subunit of adenylyl cyclase).	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	122-125
3118356-3	1987	It is shown that cholate extracts from cholera toxin-treated brush border membranes can efficiently reconstitute adenylyl cyclase activity in the guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory component (Gs)-deficient cyc- variant of the S49 mouse lymphoma cell line (cyc- cells lack the alpha subunit of Gs needed to activate the catalytic subunit of adenylyl cyclase).	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	209-212
3114834-2	1987	In plasma membranes, guanine nucleotides both inhibited CCK binding and increased the dissociation of CCK from its receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-40	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	56-59
3114834-2	1987	In plasma membranes, guanine nucleotides both inhibited CCK binding and increased the dissociation of CCK from its receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-40	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	102-105
3114834-4	1987	When membranes were solubilized with digitonin, subsequent binding of CCK was insensitive to guanine nucleotides including GTP, GMP-PNP and GTP gamma S. However, if CCK binding occurred before solubilization of the membranes, guanine nucleotides increased dissociation at concentrations and with a specificity similar to that observed for effects on intact pancreatic membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	226-245	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	70-73
3114834-5	1987	It is concluded that guanine nucleotides act via a protein which is separable from the receptor to induce dissociation of bound CCK.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-40	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	128-131
3114834-6	1987	Moreover, CCK binding induces an association in the plasma membrane of the CCK receptor with this guanine nucleotide binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	10-13
3114834-6	1987	Moreover, CCK binding induces an association in the plasma membrane of the CCK receptor with this guanine nucleotide binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	75-78
3112556-0	1987	Calmodulin stimulation of the rat cerebral cortical adenylate cyclase is required for the detection of guanine nucleotide- or hormone-mediated inhibition.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
3112556-11	1987	As observed in membranes, detection of guanine nucleotide-mediated inhibition required calmodulin stimulation of the detergent-solubilized adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-97
3109905-5	1987	The Mg2+ impairment of guanine nucleotide exchange is less severe when highly purified eIF-2 is incubated at a higher temperature (37 degrees C) and is not observed at any temperature if partially purified eIF-2 is used instead of the highly purified factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	87-92
3112365-8	1987	The results suggest that in A10 cells a guanine nucleotide binding protein sensitive to NEM couples vasopressin receptors to phospholipase C.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	100-111
2954955-0	1987	Reconstitution of the rat liver vasopressin receptor coupled to guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	32-43
3036146-5	1987	These results suggest that: one of the signalling pathways for actin polymerization involves a guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization mediated through this pathway is rapid, transient and inhibitable by pertussis toxin, and a second signalling pathway is independent of this guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization, mediated by this second pathway, is somewhat slower, sustained and insensitive to pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	actin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	63-68
3036146-5	1987	These results suggest that: one of the signalling pathways for actin polymerization involves a guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization mediated through this pathway is rapid, transient and inhibitable by pertussis toxin, and a second signalling pathway is independent of this guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization, mediated by this second pathway, is somewhat slower, sustained and insensitive to pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	actin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	131-136
3036146-5	1987	These results suggest that: one of the signalling pathways for actin polymerization involves a guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization mediated through this pathway is rapid, transient and inhibitable by pertussis toxin, and a second signalling pathway is independent of this guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization, mediated by this second pathway, is somewhat slower, sustained and insensitive to pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	actin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	131-136
3036146-5	1987	These results suggest that: one of the signalling pathways for actin polymerization involves a guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization mediated through this pathway is rapid, transient and inhibitable by pertussis toxin, and a second signalling pathway is independent of this guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization, mediated by this second pathway, is somewhat slower, sustained and insensitive to pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	actin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	63-68
3036146-5	1987	These results suggest that: one of the signalling pathways for actin polymerization involves a guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization mediated through this pathway is rapid, transient and inhibitable by pertussis toxin, and a second signalling pathway is independent of this guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization, mediated by this second pathway, is somewhat slower, sustained and insensitive to pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	actin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	131-136
3036146-5	1987	These results suggest that: one of the signalling pathways for actin polymerization involves a guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization mediated through this pathway is rapid, transient and inhibitable by pertussis toxin, and a second signalling pathway is independent of this guanine-nucleotide binding protein; actin polymerization, mediated by this second pathway, is somewhat slower, sustained and insensitive to pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	293-311	actin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	131-136
3109905-1	1987	Two mechanisms for guanine nucleotide exchange on eukaryotic initiation factor 2.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	lodestar	Drosophila melanogaster	72-80
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	51-81
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	83-88
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3108035-2	1987	After antigenic stimulation or intracellular perfusion with guanine nucleotides, exocytosis followed a time course characterized by a lag period d, area expansion factor A, and a time constant tau.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-79	general transcription factor III A	Rattus norvegicus	163-171
3040428-0	1987	N-ethylmaleimide blocks the modulatory effects of divalent cations and guanine nucleotides on the brain substance P receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-90	tachykinin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	104-124
3299060-3	1987	The response of the enzyme to added RAS2 proteins bound with various guanine nucleotides and their analogs suggests that RAS2 proteins are active in their GTP-bound form and are virtually inactive in their GDP-bound form.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-40
3299060-3	1987	The response of the enzyme to added RAS2 proteins bound with various guanine nucleotides and their analogs suggests that RAS2 proteins are active in their GTP-bound form and are virtually inactive in their GDP-bound form.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-88	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-125
3034880-2	1987	The adenylyl cyclase system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains the CYR1 polypeptide, responsible for catalyzing formation of cAMP from ATP, and two RAS polypeptides, responsible for stimulation of cAMP synthesis by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-246	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	79-83
3106961-10	1987	There are also marked similarities of sequence in regions of the G proteins, elongation factors, and the ras p21 gene products that are believed to be involved in guanine nucleotide binding and GTP hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	109-112
3554231-2	1987	The G domain, whose primary structure shares homology with the eukaryotic protein p21, is capable of supporting the basic activities of the intact molecule (guanine nucleotide binding in 1:1 molar ratio and GTPase activity).	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
3554231-8	1987	With the isolation of the G domain of EF-Tu, a model protein has been constructed for studying and comparing common characteristics of the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	38-43
2957041-0	1987	Effects of monovalent and divalent cations and of guanine nucleotides on binding of vasopressin to the rat mesenteric vasculature.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-69	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	84-95
2957041-2	1987	We have investigated the in vitro effect of monovalent and divalent cations and guanine nucleotides on the interactions between [3H]Arg8-vasopressin and its receptor in this preparation.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-99	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	137-148
2957041-18	1987	Cations and guanine nucleotides interact with one or more sites closely associated with vasopressin receptors, including possibly with a GTP-sensitive regulatory protein, to modulate receptor affinity for vasopressin.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-31	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	88-99
2957041-18	1987	Cations and guanine nucleotides interact with one or more sites closely associated with vasopressin receptors, including possibly with a GTP-sensitive regulatory protein, to modulate receptor affinity for vasopressin.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-31	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	205-216
3315034-9	1987	These results, taken together with the finding that insulin secretion due to Ca2+ or TPA is attenuated by the inhibitory guanine nucleotide GDP beta S, suggest the existence of a regulatory site in exocytosis which is sensitive to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
3315034-9	1987	These results, taken together with the finding that insulin secretion due to Ca2+ or TPA is attenuated by the inhibitory guanine nucleotide GDP beta S, suggest the existence of a regulatory site in exocytosis which is sensitive to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	231-250	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
2439901-0	1987	Neutralizing monoclonal antibody against ras oncogene product p21 which impairs guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
3112131-0	1987	Guanine nucleotides stimulate arachidonic acid release by phospholipase A2 in saponin-permeabilized human platelets.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	58-74
2820381-12	1987	The results provide further evidence that guanine-nucleotide-binding protein mediates signal transduction between the thrombin receptor and phospholipase C, and suggest that PIP may be a major substrate of this enzyme in the platelet.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	prothrombin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	118-126
2820381-12	1987	The results provide further evidence that guanine-nucleotide-binding protein mediates signal transduction between the thrombin receptor and phospholipase C, and suggest that PIP may be a major substrate of this enzyme in the platelet.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	140-155
2820381-12	1987	The results provide further evidence that guanine-nucleotide-binding protein mediates signal transduction between the thrombin receptor and phospholipase C, and suggest that PIP may be a major substrate of this enzyme in the platelet.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	prolactin-inducible protein homolog	Oryctolagus cuniculus	174-177
3104085-3	1987	When T cells are selectively depleted of guanine nucleotides by treatment with mycophenolic acid, the early mitogen-induced activation of ODC is completely inhibited.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-60	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	138-141
3031665-1	1987	From cross-hybridization studies with cDNAs that code for the alpha subunits of rat brain guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) proteins, we have isolated a gene from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding an amino acid sequence that is highly homologous to the alpha subunit of the G protein that mediates inhibition of adenylate cyclase (Gi alpha) from rat brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	326-343
3102494-3	1987	We have analyzed the steady-state kinetics of this activation process in order to determine the molecular mechanism of interactions between rhodopsin, transducin, and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	167-186	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	140-149
3102494-9	1987	Furthermore, the allosteric behavior observed in the activation of transducin is also witnessed in the rhodopsin-catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange of the G protein"s purified alpha subunit in the absence of the beta X gamma subunit complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	103-112
3545497-6	1987	We propose that CDC25 regulates adenylate cyclase by regulating the guanine nucleotide bound to RAS proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	16-21
2951584-1	1987	We report the identification and characterization of specific vasopressin-binding sites on intact cells and membranes of the established vascular smooth muscle cell line A-10, the fate of vasopressin associated with the cells, the role of guanine nucleotides in the regulation of the affinity of the vasopressin-binding sites, and the determination of the vasopressin receptor subtype.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-258	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	62-73
3827891-0	1987	ADP-ribosylation by type C1 and D botulinum neurotoxins: stimulation by guanine nucleotides and inhibition by guanidino-containing compounds.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-91	Rho GTPase activating protein 4	Mus musculus	25-33
3540418-2	1986	All the MoAbs complexed p21ras from the ras gene-activated cell lines in Western immunoblot analysis and demonstrated a binding property of p21ras to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	150-169	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	24-30
2432782-4	1986	Somatostatin antagonizes the effects of both vasoactive intestinal peptide and substance P by a mechanism that appears to involve inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	79-90
3795054-8	1986	On the other hand, forskolin labeled the hilus and the pyramidal cell layer of CA3 and CA4 with high density, a region where guanine nucleotide binding was relatively low.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	79-82
3540608-0	1986	Activation of ras p21 transforming properties associated with an increase in the release rate of bound guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
2431411-4	1986	Intracellular application of the nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[gamma S]), which irreversibly activates G proteins, changed the somatostatin effect on ICa from a reversible to an irreversible inhibition.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase	Mus musculus	205-208
3028864-0	1987	The insulin receptor tyrosyl kinase phosphorylates holomeric forms of the guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins Gi and Go.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	insulin	Homo sapiens	4-11
2826911-5	1987	The adrenal AII receptor, like that in other tissues, is coupled to the inhibitory guanine nucleotide inhibitory protein (Ni).	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
2826911-8	1987	The actions of AII on adrenal cortical function are thus regulated by at least two guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins that are selectively activated by increasing AII concentrations.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
2826911-8	1987	The actions of AII on adrenal cortical function are thus regulated by at least two guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins that are selectively activated by increasing AII concentrations.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	167-170
3540418-2	1986	All the MoAbs complexed p21ras from the ras gene-activated cell lines in Western immunoblot analysis and demonstrated a binding property of p21ras to guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	150-169	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	140-146
3090543-0	1986	Exchange of guanine nucleotide between GTP-binding proteins that regulate neuronal adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-42
3034558-0	1986	Evidence for decreased activity of guanine nucleotide binding protein in adenylate cyclase of cell membranes in human ACTH-unresponsive adrenocortical carcinoma.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	118-122
3030265-2	1986	The ACh-stimulated and guanine nucleotide-dependent activities of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) phosphodiesterase (PDE), assessed by the production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) from exogenously applied PIP2, were not modified, in either IAP-treated or non-treated cell homogenates used as the enzyme source.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	CD47 molecule	Sus scrofa	261-264
3541923-0	1986	Guanine nucleotide regulation of phospholipase C activity in permeabilized rabbit neutrophils.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	33-48
3541923-7	1986	Moreover, the ability of guanine nucleotides to sensitize phospholipase C to physiologically relevant Ca2+ concentrations suggests that the role of the activated G protein may be to enhance the apparent affinity of phospholipase C for Ca2+ and thus to activate the enzyme without an increase in the Ca2+ concentration.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-44	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	58-73
3541923-7	1986	Moreover, the ability of guanine nucleotides to sensitize phospholipase C to physiologically relevant Ca2+ concentrations suggests that the role of the activated G protein may be to enhance the apparent affinity of phospholipase C for Ca2+ and thus to activate the enzyme without an increase in the Ca2+ concentration.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-44	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	215-230
3525557-0	1986	The effect of Mg2+ on the guanine nucleotide exchange rate of p21N-ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	14-17
3487832-1	1986	Single amino acid changes were introduced into normal (non-oncogenic) and activated forms of the human H-ras protein at a position (residue 116) proposed on structural grounds to represent a contact site with guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	209-228	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	103-108
3756145-6	1986	Simultaneous fusion of the liposomes containing IgG-B1 and -B2 proteins with guanine nucleotide binding stimulatory (G/F) protein/Fc gamma 2aR-deficient cyc- cells resulted in the formation of the hybrid membrane whose adenylate cyclase responds to immune complex formed with IgG2a-subclass antibody (IC2a) by about a 2.7-fold increase in the activity over the control (hybrid membrane between cyc- cells and liposome containing no protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	153-156
3756145-6	1986	Simultaneous fusion of the liposomes containing IgG-B1 and -B2 proteins with guanine nucleotide binding stimulatory (G/F) protein/Fc gamma 2aR-deficient cyc- cells resulted in the formation of the hybrid membrane whose adenylate cyclase responds to immune complex formed with IgG2a-subclass antibody (IC2a) by about a 2.7-fold increase in the activity over the control (hybrid membrane between cyc- cells and liposome containing no protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	immunoglobulin heavy variable V1-9	Mus musculus	276-281
3756145-6	1986	Simultaneous fusion of the liposomes containing IgG-B1 and -B2 proteins with guanine nucleotide binding stimulatory (G/F) protein/Fc gamma 2aR-deficient cyc- cells resulted in the formation of the hybrid membrane whose adenylate cyclase responds to immune complex formed with IgG2a-subclass antibody (IC2a) by about a 2.7-fold increase in the activity over the control (hybrid membrane between cyc- cells and liposome containing no protein).	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	229-232
3026378-4	1986	Our results suggest that platelet-activating factor receptor in human neutrophil membranes may be coupled to a guanine nucleotide binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	platelet activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens	25-60
3022802-9	1986	Stimulation of adenylyl cyclase with fluoride, guanylyl 5"-imidodiphosphate, glucagon, or isoproterenol was observed after fusion of cyc- S49 cells [which lack the stimulatory, guanine nucleotide binding, regulatory protein of adenylyl cyclase (Ns)] with liver membranes alkylated with 1.5 mM NEM.	Guanine Nucleotides	177-195	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	24-27
2943290-0	1986	The dopamine D1 receptor: partial purification of a digitonin-solubilized receptor-guanine nucleotide binding complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	dopamine receptor D1	Homo sapiens	4-24
3091021-0	1986	Spermatozoa contain a guanine nucleotide-binding protein ADP-ribosylated by pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	WD and tetratricopeptide repeats 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
3026309-7	1986	These data indicate that the guanine nucleotide effects on TRH binding and activity are not mediated by Ni, but possibly by another member of the family of guanine-nucleotide-dependent regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
3752943-4	1986	Together these findings suggest that the decrease of guanine nucleotides induced by MPA is restored by GMP, which is formed from guanine by HGPRTase in the cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-72	hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase	Mus musculus	140-148
3016436-3	1986	In blowfly salivary gland membranes, 5-hydroxytryptamine stimulates a guanine-nucleotide dependent breakdown of both endogenous and exogenous phosphoinositide substrate through activation of phospholipase C. These data suggest that a GTP-binding protein modulates phospholipase C activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Rattus norvegicus	234-253
3026309-7	1986	These data indicate that the guanine nucleotide effects on TRH binding and activity are not mediated by Ni, but possibly by another member of the family of guanine-nucleotide-dependent regulatory proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
3014531-0	1986	Mutations of the ras gene product p21 that abolish guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 1	Mus musculus	34-37
3017327-5	1986	The inhibitory effect of ANF was dependent on the presence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-81	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	25-28
3087970-0	1986	Two guanine nucleotide-binding proteins in rat brain serving as the specific substrate of islet-activating protein, pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	90-114
3012529-1	1986	Recent studies have shown that the 21-kilodalton protein (p21) Ha-ras gene product shares sequence homology with and may exhibit biochemical properties similar to the mammalian guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	177-195	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
3012529-8	1986	These data support the hypothesis that both the normal and mutated Ha-ras p21s are related to guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
3084494-5	1986	The guanine nucleotide-binding site, which can be resolved by high performance liquid chromatography procedures and identified by a photolyzable GTP analogue, is associated with a 21,000-dalton protein (Gp alpha) that copurifies with beta gamma-subunits indistinguishable from the beta gamma-subunits associated with Gs and Gi.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	glycophorin A (MNS blood group)	Homo sapiens	203-211
3005271-7	1986	Furthermore, TRH regulation of polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis is modulated by guanine nucleotides; however, nucleotide regulation appears to involve a GTP-binding factor (Np) other than Ns or Ni.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-98	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
3956492-7	1986	In the presence of guanine nucleotides the activation of adenylate cyclase by erythropoietin is increased further but the effect is not additive.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-38	erythropoietin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	78-92
3956492-8	1986	With respect to the basal and the guanine-nucleotide-stimulated activities of adenylate cyclase erythropoietin acts differently from the beta-agonist l-isoprenaline.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	erythropoietin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	96-110
3728201-0	1986	Regulation of membrane histamine H1-receptor binding sites by guanine nucleotides, mono- and divalent cations.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-81	histamine H1 receptor	Bos taurus	23-44
3728201-1	1986	Agonist interaction with histamine H1-receptor in [3H] mepyramine bovine aortic membranes labeled with [3H] mepyramine is selectively regulated by cations and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-178	histamine H1 receptor	Bos taurus	25-46
3537694-2	1986	The ability of the encoded p21"s to autophosphorylate, bind guanine nucleotides, and hydrolyze GTP was assessed.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
3321304-4	1986	Its binding to p21 is completely blocked by guanine nucleotides, even though the region of p21 to which it binds does not seem to be part of the guanine nucleotide-binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
3079907-0	1986	Epidermal growth factor (urogastrone)-mediated phosphorylation of a 35-kDa substrate in human placental membranes: relationship to the beta subunit of the guanine nucleotide regulatory complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	0-23
3333361-3	1986	The ras gene family encodes a group of closely related 21,000 dalton (p21) proteins with special affinity for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-129	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
3321304-4	1986	Its binding to p21 is completely blocked by guanine nucleotides, even though the region of p21 to which it binds does not seem to be part of the guanine nucleotide-binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
3321304-4	1986	Its binding to p21 is completely blocked by guanine nucleotides, even though the region of p21 to which it binds does not seem to be part of the guanine nucleotide-binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
3321304-4	1986	Its binding to p21 is completely blocked by guanine nucleotides, even though the region of p21 to which it binds does not seem to be part of the guanine nucleotide-binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
3321304-6	1986	Another interesting region of p21 includes amino acids 116 and 119, which seem to confer, in part, the specificity of p21 for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
3321304-6	1986	Another interesting region of p21 includes amino acids 116 and 119, which seem to confer, in part, the specificity of p21 for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-145	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
3321304-8	1986	We were able to refine our model for guanine nucleotide interaction with p21 and to create mutant proteins with altered specificity for purine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	73-76
3001695-1	1985	The Ha-ras protooncogene product p21, which may be involved in control of cellular growth, is a membrane protein that binds guanine nucleotides and hydrolyzes GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-143	P21	Meleagris gallopavo	33-36
3001695-7	1985	p21 may be related to other GTPases, the regulatory guanine nucleotide-binding G proteins of the hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase complex and transducin of the retinal light-activated phosphodiesterase system.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	P21	Meleagris gallopavo	0-3
3001695-12	1985	Modification of p21 catalyzed by an NAD: arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase purified from turkey erythrocytes decreased both GTPase activity and guanine nucleotide binding activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	P21	Meleagris gallopavo	16-19
2998380-0	1985	Direct stimulation by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) of polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis in GH3 cell membranes by a guanine nucleotide-modulated mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	22-51
2997214-1	1985	Interaction of receptors with a guanine nucleotide-binding protein in membranes prepared from L6 myoblasts and from wild-type and cyc- S49 lymphoma cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	130-133
3915772-0	1985	Antibody of predetermined specificity to a carboxy-terminal region of H-ras gene products inhibits their guanine nucleotide-binding function.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	70-75
3915772-4	1985	This antibody was also shown to strikingly and specifically inhibit the guanine nucleotide-binding function of the p21 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
3915772-5	1985	The inability of p21 protein to bind guanine nucleotides was associated with a lack of autophosphorylation or GTPase activities.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-56	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
3915772-6	1985	These studies suggest that a region toward its carboxy terminus is directly or indirectly involved in the guanine nucleotide-binding function of the p21 molecule.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	149-152
3936483-1	1985	We compared the effects of guanine nucleotides and Mg2+ on ADP-ribosylation of rat brain and liver membrane proteins catalysed by Bordetella pertussis toxin (IAP) and cholera toxin (CT).	Guanine Nucleotides	27-46	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	158-161
2998380-0	1985	Direct stimulation by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) of polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis in GH3 cell membranes by a guanine nucleotide-modulated mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	120-138	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
2992509-1	1985	Effects of islet-activating protein (IAP) were examined to assess the involvement of the guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein responsible for inhibition of adenylate cyclase system (Ni protein) in the superoxide anion (O-2) production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) stimulated with various agents.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	228-231
3898366-7	1985	The model makes it possible to visualize how oncogenic mutations of p21 affect interaction with guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-115	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
2995530-6	1985	Since forskolin directly activates adenylate cyclase at a site of the catalytic unit and the cellular action of AVP to activate adenylate cyclase is mediated through receptor-guanine nucleotide regulatory-catalytic units, the present study indicates calmodulin regulation of basal, AVP-, PGE2- and forskolin-activated adenylate cyclase in the papillary collecting tubule cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	175-193	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	112-115
3891097-1	1985	In these experiments we demonstrate that purified RAS proteins, whether derived from the yeast RAS1 or RAS2 or the human H-ras genes, activate yeast adenylate cyclase in the presence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-205	Ras family GTPase RAS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	95-99
3926760-2	1985	The interaction of the chloroplast elongation factor Tu (EF-Tuchl) from Euglena gracilis with guanine nucleotides and aminoacyl-tRNA has been investigated.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-113	elongation factor 1-alpha	Euglena gracilis	35-55
3891097-1	1985	In these experiments we demonstrate that purified RAS proteins, whether derived from the yeast RAS1 or RAS2 or the human H-ras genes, activate yeast adenylate cyclase in the presence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-205	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	103-107
3891097-1	1985	In these experiments we demonstrate that purified RAS proteins, whether derived from the yeast RAS1 or RAS2 or the human H-ras genes, activate yeast adenylate cyclase in the presence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-205	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	121-126
3891097-1	1985	In these experiments we demonstrate that purified RAS proteins, whether derived from the yeast RAS1 or RAS2 or the human H-ras genes, activate yeast adenylate cyclase in the presence of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-205	adenylate cyclase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	149-166
2985703-4	1985	VIP-mediated by guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	0-3
2987408-7	1985	In the presence of the guanine nucleotide analogue 5"-guanylyl imidodiphosphate, a decrease in affinity of the mAChR of SCC for oxotremorine was observed, with an increase in the pseudo-Hill coefficient, but there was no change in the binding of atropine.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	serpin family B member 3	Homo sapiens	120-123
3846595-0	1985	Kinetics and thermodynamics of the interaction of elongation factor Tu with elongation factor Ts, guanine nucleotides, and aminoacyl-tRNA.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-117	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	50-70
3846595-11	1985	On the basis of these observations, a complete mechanism to explain the interactions among EF-Tu, EF-Ts, guanine nucleotides, and aminoacyl-tRNA has been developed.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-124	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	91-96
2983985-0	1985	Solubilization from rat pancreatic plasma membranes of a cholecystokinin (CCK) agonist-receptor complex interacting with guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins coexisting in the same macromolecular system.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	57-72
2985821-8	1985	Data presented herein indicate that the p21 of Harvey murine sarcoma virus consists of at least two domains, one which specifies the guanine nucleotide-binding activity of p21 and the other which is involved in p21-membrane association in transformed cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	40-43
2985821-8	1985	Data presented herein indicate that the p21 of Harvey murine sarcoma virus consists of at least two domains, one which specifies the guanine nucleotide-binding activity of p21 and the other which is involved in p21-membrane association in transformed cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	172-175
2985821-8	1985	Data presented herein indicate that the p21 of Harvey murine sarcoma virus consists of at least two domains, one which specifies the guanine nucleotide-binding activity of p21 and the other which is involved in p21-membrane association in transformed cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	172-175
3856874-4	1985	These results suggest that cells infected with the dl331 mutant develop a translational block at the level of GEF-catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange and that this block is most likely established through phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
2985432-3	1985	These findings, taken together with evidence that pertussis toxin specifically causes inactivation of the guanine nucleotide binding protein (Ni), suggests that guanine nucleotide binding proteins may mediate coupling between calcium-mobilising receptors and phospholipase C-mediated reactions in rabbit neutrophils.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	259-274
2985432-3	1985	These findings, taken together with evidence that pertussis toxin specifically causes inactivation of the guanine nucleotide binding protein (Ni), suggests that guanine nucleotide binding proteins may mediate coupling between calcium-mobilising receptors and phospholipase C-mediated reactions in rabbit neutrophils.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	259-274
2983985-0	1985	Solubilization from rat pancreatic plasma membranes of a cholecystokinin (CCK) agonist-receptor complex interacting with guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins coexisting in the same macromolecular system.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	74-77
2983985-2	1985	Bound ligand dissociation from this soluble complex was similar to that from the membranous receptors of origin and the marked increase in the rate of dissociation induced by GTP was preserved in the soluble state, indicating that the solubilized CCK receptors remained functionally coupled with the guanine nucleotide regulatory site modulating the affinity for CCK.	Guanine Nucleotides	300-318	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	247-250
2996970-0	1985	VIP binding to epithelial cell membranes of rat ventral prostate: effect of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-95	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
2981858-0	1985	Specificity of the functional interactions of the beta-adrenergic receptor and rhodopsin with guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	rhodopsin	Cavia porcellus	79-88
2858206-0	1985	The inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory subunit of adenylate cyclase has an adenylate cyclase-independent modulatory effect on ACTH secretion from mouse pituitary tumor cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	140-144
2863938-2	1985	The S-14 receptor in GH4C1 cells is coupled to Ni, a guanine nucleotide binding protein which mediates S-14-induced inhibition of VIP-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity, cyclic AMP production and hormone secretion.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	thyroid hormone responsive	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
2863938-2	1985	The S-14 receptor in GH4C1 cells is coupled to Ni, a guanine nucleotide binding protein which mediates S-14-induced inhibition of VIP-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity, cyclic AMP production and hormone secretion.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	thyroid hormone responsive	Rattus norvegicus	103-107
2995942-3	1985	In the absence of sodium, however, guanine nucleotides only slightly lowered the ENK binding at 25 degrees C, and at 0 degree C they strongly increased the ENK binding dose-dependently.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-54	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	81-84
2995942-3	1985	In the absence of sodium, however, guanine nucleotides only slightly lowered the ENK binding at 25 degrees C, and at 0 degree C they strongly increased the ENK binding dose-dependently.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-54	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	156-159
2995942-0	1985	Effects of guanine nucleotides, transition metals and temperature on enkephalin receptors of rat brain membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-30	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	69-79
2995942-7	1985	The results suggest complex interactions of transition metals and guanine nucleotides with ENK binding sites.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-85	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
2995942-1	1985	The interactions among guanine nucleotides, transition metals and enkephalin (ENK) receptors were investigated by assaying the [3H]ENK binding to brain synaptic membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-42	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
6437813-10	1984	All of these data indicate that thrombin at low concentrations inhibits platelet adenylate cyclase by a process involving the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory component, Ni, in a manner similar to hormonal factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	32-40
6096373-1	1984	Accompanying decreases in the function of the inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory component of adenylate cyclase identified as the substrate of islet-activating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	magnesium transporter 1	Rattus norvegicus	149-173
6204890-0	1984	Islet-activating protein, pertussis toxin, inhibits Ca2+-induced and guanine nucleotide-dependent releases of histamine and arachidonic acid from rat mast cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	magnesium transporter 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-24
6548713-0	1984	Regulation of neuropeptide Y (NPY) binding by guanine nucleotides in the rat cerebral cortex.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-65	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	14-28
6548713-0	1984	Regulation of neuropeptide Y (NPY) binding by guanine nucleotides in the rat cerebral cortex.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-65	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
6392849-11	1984	Finally, we used anti-p21 monoclonal antibodies to detect a guanine nucleotide binding activity in yeast lysates.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
6611509-6	1984	The ras protein product (p21) binds guanine nucleotides and has a unique autophosphorylating activity, but no other enzymatic activity has been found.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-55	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	25-28
6440486-6	1984	NaF and guanine nucleotide sensitivity could be reconstituted in nonactivated preparations of C by G/F in the presence of NaF or guanylylimidodiphosphate.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	122-125
6438624-5	1984	Crude extracts of cells expressing the RAS2 gene exhibit guanine nucleotide binding activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	39-43
6147754-2	1984	In addition to the guanine nucleotide binding activity, normal p21 displays a GTPase activity which is selectively impaired by a mutation which activates its oncogenic potential.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
6204890-2	1984	Since the guanine nucleotide-binding protein involved in adenylate cyclase inhibition is known to lose its function upon being ADP-ribosylated by IAP, the nucleotide-binding protein is likely to mediate Ca2+-linked biosignalling leading to histamine secretion.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	magnesium transporter 1	Rattus norvegicus	146-149
6736200-9	1984	Basal and hCG stimulation were under the control of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-71	chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5	Homo sapiens	10-13
6610834-0	1984	Epidermal growth factor stimulates guanine nucleotide binding activity and phosphorylation of ras oncogene proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	0-23
6610834-7	1984	We report here the evidence that epidermal growth factor enhances the guanine nucleotide binding activity of activated c-Ha-ras or v-Ha-ras p21, and phosphorylation of v-Ha-ras p21, suggesting that some mitogenic growth factors may regulate those activities.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	33-56
6610834-7	1984	We report here the evidence that epidermal growth factor enhances the guanine nucleotide binding activity of activated c-Ha-ras or v-Ha-ras p21, and phosphorylation of v-Ha-ras p21, suggesting that some mitogenic growth factors may regulate those activities.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
6092516-0	1984	A monoclonal antibody to guanine nucleotide binding protein inhibits the light-activated cyclic GMP pathway in frog rod outer segments.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	96-99
6092516-2	1984	The antibody (4A) inhibits guanine nucleotide binding to G-protein, the intermediate that links rhodopsin excitation to cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), inhibiting light-induced PDE activity as a consequence.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	96-105
6309843-15	1983	The beta subunit activity in extracts of cyc- membranes is expressed after incubation with guanine nucleotide analogs, implying association of the beta subunit with a GTP-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	41-44
6434354-1	1984	The relationship between the assay values of the activities of the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory component (N-protein) of adenylate cyclase by two different methods: reconstitution of plasma membranes of cyc- S49 cells and ADP ribosylation catalyzed by cholera toxin, have not been fully elucidated yet.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	152-155
6142822-2	1984	The activation reaction of the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory site of the adenylate cyclase system was studied in membranes of rat adipocytes, S49 lymphoma wild-type cells and their cyc- variants, pretreated without and with the Bordetella pertussis toxin, islet-activating protein (IAP), by measuring the kinetics of adenylate cyclase inhibition by the stable GTP analogue, guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]).	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	301-304
6321661-7	1984	The secretin receptor was regulated by guanine nucleotides, with guanosine 5"-(beta, gamma-imino)-triphosphate being the most potent to accelerate the rate of dissociation of bound secretin.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-58	secretin receptor	Homo sapiens	4-21
6321661-7	1984	The secretin receptor was regulated by guanine nucleotides, with guanosine 5"-(beta, gamma-imino)-triphosphate being the most potent to accelerate the rate of dissociation of bound secretin.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-58	secretin	Homo sapiens	4-12
6323430-7	1984	1) Purified 41,000/35,000-Da dimer is capable of restoring the inhibitory effects of guanine nucleotides and the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, epinephrine, on the adenylate cyclase activity of IAP-treated membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-104	islet amyloid polypeptide	Homo sapiens	191-194
6318757-4	1983	Guanine nucleotides such as GTP or GMP-P (NH)P were also required to elicit the inhibition by angiotensin II.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	94-108
6410000-10	1983	These results suggest that calmodulin is involved in both Ca2+ stimulation and guanine nucleotide-mediated inhibition of rat hippocampal adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	27-37
6142891-7	1984	There are several similarities between inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase by guanine nucleotides and somatostatin in cyc- and wild type membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-114	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	84-87
6685126-1	1983	Requirements and kinetics of guanine nucleotide-induced inhibition of the cyc- S49 adenylyl cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	74-77
6308612-1	1983	The final step in a scheme for the purification of the guanine nucleotide- and Mg2+-binding stimulatory regulatory component (Ns) of adenylyl cyclase [adenylate cyclase; ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.1] from human erythrocyte membranes involves chromatography over hydroxylapatite (HAP) which yields two fractions.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	adenylate cyclase 10	Homo sapiens	170-193
6308173-1	1983	D2 dopamine receptor from bovine striatum was solubilized in a form sensitive to guanine nucleotides, by means of a zwitterionic detergent, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate (CHAPS).	Guanine Nucleotides	81-100	dopamine receptor D2	Bos taurus	0-20
6308173-5	1983	Guanine nucleotides decreased the affinity of the solubilized D2 dopamine receptor for dopamine agonists, but not for antagonists.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	dopamine receptor D2	Bos taurus	62-82
6135205-9	1983	The data indicate that membranes of cyc- variants contain a regulatory site that mediates both guanine nucleotide and hormone-induced inhibition of the adenylate cyclase and suggest that the mechanisms of activation and inactivation of this inhibitory site are similar to those of the stimulatory component missing in cyc-membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	36-39
6135205-9	1983	The data indicate that membranes of cyc- variants contain a regulatory site that mediates both guanine nucleotide and hormone-induced inhibition of the adenylate cyclase and suggest that the mechanisms of activation and inactivation of this inhibitory site are similar to those of the stimulatory component missing in cyc-membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	162-165
6133220-1	1983	The cyc- variants of S49 lymphoma cells have served as powerful tools for studying the components and mechanisms of hormone-induced adenylate cyclase stimulation, as these cells are deficient in the guanine nucleotide regulatory site (Ns) mediating hormone, guanine nucleotide, cholera toxin and fluoride-induced stimulations of the enzyme.	Guanine Nucleotides	199-217	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	4-7
6134642-1	1983	cyc--Variants of S49 lymphoma cells are defective in the stimulatory guanine nucleotide site of the adenylate cyclase but contain an inhibitory site.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	0-3
6134642-3	1983	Thus, the data indicate that IAP interferes with the adenylate cyclase system by an action at the inhibitory guanine nucleotide site.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer)	Mus musculus	29-32
6133220-10	1983	The data strongly suggest that both the hormone- and guanine nucleotide-induced adenylate cyclase inhibitions in cyc- cells are mediated by Ni and that the mechanisms of activation and inactivation of Ni are similar to those established for Ns.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	90-93
6603607-0	1983	Effects of guanine nucleotides on vasopressin-induced water flow and sodium transport of the frog bladder.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-30	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	34-45
6603607-1	1983	In the present study, we examined the effects of guanine nucleotides on vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow and sodium transport in the 14-h preincubated frog bladder.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-68	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	72-83
6603607-10	1983	These results suggest the guanine nucleotides stimulate the vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow in frog bladder by enhancing the vasopressin-mediated adenylate cyclase activity, so that accumulated cyclic AMP might activate cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-45	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	60-71
6603607-10	1983	These results suggest the guanine nucleotides stimulate the vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow in frog bladder by enhancing the vasopressin-mediated adenylate cyclase activity, so that accumulated cyclic AMP might activate cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-45	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	132-143
6298231-0	1983	Loss of the inhibitory function of the guanine nucleotide regulatory component of adenylate cyclase due to its ADP ribosylation by islet-activating protein, pertussis toxin, in adipocyte membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	islet amyloid polypeptide	Homo sapiens	131-155
6299798-0	1983	Guanine nucleotides can activate the insulin-stimulated phosphodiesterase in liver plasma membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	insulin	Homo sapiens	37-44
6299798-1	1983	The insulin-stimulated cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase from liver plasma membranes is shown to be activated upon incubation with guanine nucleotides in the presence of ATP.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-145	insulin	Homo sapiens	4-11
6303518-10	1983	The results in the latter study suggest that calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase may be already present in the earlier postnatal ages of the rat brain, while the beta-adrenergic receptor and guanine nucleotide regulatory unit, both of which are required for a hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase, may sharply increase in the second postnatal week.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	45-55
6301538-0	1983	Stimulation of rhodopsin phosphorylation by guanine nucleotides in rod outer segments.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-63	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	15-24
6301538-2	1983	The phosphorylation of rhodopsin, the major protein-staining band (Mr approximately 34 000-38 000), was markedly and specifically increased by exposure of rod outer segments to light; various guanine nucleotides (10 microM) including GMP, GDP, and GTP also specifically increased rhodopsin phosphorylation (up to 5-fold).	Guanine Nucleotides	192-211	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	23-32
6832378-2	1983	The amino group reactive reagent 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonate (TNBS), however, inhibited specifically the direct interactions of EF-2 with guanine nucleotides, but not the binding of GuoPP(CH2)P to the EF-2-ribosome complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-160	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
6301374-0	1983	Guanine nucleotide activation and inhibition of adenylate cyclase as modified by islet-activating protein, pertussis toxin, in mouse 3T3 fibroblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer)	Mus musculus	81-105
6301374-1	1983	Guanine nucleotide regulation of membrane adenylate cyclase activity was uniquely modified after exposure of 3T3 mouse fibroblasts to low concentrations of islet-activating protein (IAP), pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer)	Mus musculus	156-180
6301374-1	1983	Guanine nucleotide regulation of membrane adenylate cyclase activity was uniquely modified after exposure of 3T3 mouse fibroblasts to low concentrations of islet-activating protein (IAP), pertussis toxin.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer)	Mus musculus	182-185
6300646-3	1983	Both ACTH and Ca2+ act to promote the activation of adenylate cyclase by guanine nucleotides such as guanyl-5"-yl imidodiphosphate [Gpp(NH)p].	Guanine Nucleotides	73-92	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	5-9
6300646-4	1983	To define further the mechanisms by which Ca2+ and ACTH interact with guanine nucleotides, we have correlated the binding of [3H]Gpp(NH)p to adrenal membranes and solubilized membrane proteins with activation of membrane-bound and solubilized adenylate cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-89	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	51-55
6300646-15	1983	ACTH activates adenylate cyclase by promoting a step subsequent to the binding of guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	0-4
6297910-0	1983	Occurrence of an inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory component of the adenylate cyclase system in cyc- variants of S49 lymphoma cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	93-96
6551177-7	1983	The instability of initiation complexes containing eIF-2, together with the impairment of guanine nucleotide exchange after phosphorylation of eIF-2 [Clemens, M.J., Pain, V.M., Wong, S.-T., & Henshaw, E. C. (1982) Nature (London) 296, 93-95], may be an important aspect of the mechanism of the inhibition of translation by the heme-controlled repressor.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	143-148
6133605-7	1983	However, it seems improbable that changes in pineal content of enzymes of guanine nucleotide metabolism are essential to regulation of diurnal cycles in cGMP content or level of NAT activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	arylamine N-acetyltransferase, liver isozyme	Gallus gallus	178-181
6133951-0	1983	Agonist binding to mammalian beta 1 and beta 2 adrenoceptors: modulation by guanine nucleotides and magnesium.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-95	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	29-46
6302675-0	1983	Unmasking of magnesium-dependent high-affinity binding sites for [dAla2, dLeu5]enkephalin after pretreatment of brain membranes with guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-152	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	79-89
6133951-3	1983	Beta 1 and beta 2 adrenoceptors, even within the same tissue, exhibited different ion and temperature requirements for guanine nucleotide modulation of agonist binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
6133951-3	1983	Beta 1 and beta 2 adrenoceptors, even within the same tissue, exhibited different ion and temperature requirements for guanine nucleotide modulation of agonist binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	11-17
6323709-6	1983	Finally, we have shown that DDT1 MF-2 cell beta 2-adrenergic receptor is functionally coupled to adenylate cyclase via a G/F protein complex as demonstrated in part by a guanine nucleotide requirement for isoproterenol stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	beta-2 adrenergic receptor	Mesocricetus auratus	43-69
6922131-11	1982	Furthermore, it was reported that EF-1 alpha beta gamma seemed to dissociate into EF-1 alpha and EF-1 beta gamma when guanine nucleotides were present, and also to form a complex of EF-1 alpha .	Guanine Nucleotides	118-137	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	34-44
6757248-0	1982	Guanine nucleotide inhibition of cyc- S49 mouse lymphoma cell membrane adenylyl cyclase.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	33-36
6757248-1	1982	Cyc- S49 mouse lymphoma cell membranes contain an adenylyl cyclase system which is deficient in the regulatory properties characteristic of a stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory component (Ns), such as enhancement of activity in the presence of GTP, GTP analogues, and NaF.	Guanine Nucleotides	154-172	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	0-3
6757248-7	1982	Our results indicate the presence in cyc- S49 cell membranes of a guanine nucleotide-binding component which is inhibitory to adenylyl cyclase activity (Ni).	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	37-40
7142167-7	1982	Guanine nucleotides, however, lose their ability to decrease agonist affinity for the histamine H1 receptor after solubilization.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	histamine H1 receptor	Cavia porcellus	86-107
6292515-11	1982	The p21 coded for by a mouse-derived oncogenic virus, BALB murine sarcoma virus, resembled the p21 coded for by c-rasH-1 in that it bound guanine nucleotides but did not label appreciably with 32Pi.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-157	transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 1	Mus musculus	4-7
6292515-11	1982	The p21 coded for by a mouse-derived oncogenic virus, BALB murine sarcoma virus, resembled the p21 coded for by c-rasH-1 in that it bound guanine nucleotides but did not label appreciably with 32Pi.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-157	transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 1	Mus musculus	95-98
6292515-12	1982	The forms of p21 coded for by other members of the ras gene family were compared, and the results indicate that the guanine nucleotide-binding activity is common to p21 molecules coded for by all known members of the ras gene family.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 1	Mus musculus	13-16
6292515-12	1982	The forms of p21 coded for by other members of the ras gene family were compared, and the results indicate that the guanine nucleotide-binding activity is common to p21 molecules coded for by all known members of the ras gene family.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 1	Mus musculus	165-168
6355764-8	1983	Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inhibitor of de novo guanine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits the growth of hpt1 and hpt1+.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	102-106
6355764-8	1983	Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inhibitor of de novo guanine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits the growth of hpt1 and hpt1+.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	111-115
6924897-7	1982	In contrast, complex formation by an almost homogeneous eIF-2 preparation was unaffected by HCR: sensitivity to HCR was however restored by a factor which catalyses exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to eIF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	177-196	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-115
6292515-5	1982	The p21 proteins coded for by v-rasH and c-rasH-1 shared certain properties: each protein was synthesized as a precursor protein which subsequently became bound to the inner surface of the plasma membrane; each protein was associated with guanine nucleotide-binding activity, a property which copurified with p21 molecules on a high-pressure liquid chromatography molecular sizing column.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 1	Mus musculus	4-7
6125514-8	1982	This modification of the guanine nucleotide-binding subunit of transducin is markedly enhanced by the bleaching of rhodopsin and by the addition of guanosine-5"-(beta, gamma-imino)triphosphate.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	115-124
6922131-14	1982	On the contrary, however, when the interaction between EF-1 alpha beta gamma and guanine nucleotides was analyzed by gel filtration at 4 degrees C, the dissociation of EF-1 alpha beta gamma could not be detected, instead the formation of binary complexes containing EF-1 alpha beta gamma and guanine nucleotides was observed.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-100	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	55-65
6922131-14	1982	On the contrary, however, when the interaction between EF-1 alpha beta gamma and guanine nucleotides was analyzed by gel filtration at 4 degrees C, the dissociation of EF-1 alpha beta gamma could not be detected, instead the formation of binary complexes containing EF-1 alpha beta gamma and guanine nucleotides was observed.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-100	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	168-178
6922131-14	1982	On the contrary, however, when the interaction between EF-1 alpha beta gamma and guanine nucleotides was analyzed by gel filtration at 4 degrees C, the dissociation of EF-1 alpha beta gamma could not be detected, instead the formation of binary complexes containing EF-1 alpha beta gamma and guanine nucleotides was observed.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-100	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	168-178
6922131-14	1982	On the contrary, however, when the interaction between EF-1 alpha beta gamma and guanine nucleotides was analyzed by gel filtration at 4 degrees C, the dissociation of EF-1 alpha beta gamma could not be detected, instead the formation of binary complexes containing EF-1 alpha beta gamma and guanine nucleotides was observed.	Guanine Nucleotides	292-311	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	55-65
7200979-6	1982	It is concluded that IAP, added to intact cells or isolated membranes, causes unique modification of the receptor-adenylate cyclase coupling mechanism as a result of ADP ribosylation of the Mr = 41,000 protein which is presumably one of the subunits, other than the cholera toxin substrates, of the guanine nucleotide regulatory component of the cyclase system.	Guanine Nucleotides	299-317	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	21-24
6125410-0	1982	Allosteric changes of the guanine nucleotide site of elongation factor EF-Tu: a comparative study of two kirromycin-resistant EF-Tu species.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	71-76
6176582-12	1982	The binding data can be explained by postulating two states of the D-2 dopamine receptor, inducible by agonists but not antagonists and modulated by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-168	dopamine receptor D2	Bos taurus	67-88
6125410-0	1982	Allosteric changes of the guanine nucleotide site of elongation factor EF-Tu: a comparative study of two kirromycin-resistant EF-Tu species.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	126-131
6282139-7	1982	However, in spite of the loss of guanine nucleotide stimulation of enzyme activity, the effects of guanine nucleotide on PTH binding were not altered in the presence of Mn2+.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	parathyroid hormone	Canis lupus familiaris	121-124
6279654-3	1982	Guanine nucleotides were observed to modify the binding of 125I-angiotensin II to rat hepatic plasma membrane receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	64-78
6279654-7	1982	In analogous experiments using the angiotensin II antagonist, 125I-sarcosine1,Ala8-angiotensin II (125I-saralasin), guanine nucleotides minimally affected the interaction of 125I-saralasin with its receptor, increasing the dissociation rate 1.9-fold and the Kd 1.4-fold.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-135	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	35-49
6279654-7	1982	In analogous experiments using the angiotensin II antagonist, 125I-sarcosine1,Ala8-angiotensin II (125I-saralasin), guanine nucleotides minimally affected the interaction of 125I-saralasin with its receptor, increasing the dissociation rate 1.9-fold and the Kd 1.4-fold.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-135	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	83-97
6279654-13	1982	The ability of angiotensin II to inhibit cyclic AMP synthesis may provide an explanation for the observed effects of guanine nucleotides on 125I-angiotensin II binding to plasma membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-136	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	15-29
6279654-13	1982	The ability of angiotensin II to inhibit cyclic AMP synthesis may provide an explanation for the observed effects of guanine nucleotides on 125I-angiotensin II binding to plasma membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-136	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	145-159
6287003-7	1982	The monoclonal antibodies have been used to confirm two properties associated with p21; localization at the inner surface of the membrane of Ha-MuSV-transformed cells, assayed by immunofluorescence microscopy, and binding of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	225-244	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	83-86
6125533-1	1981	The specificity of guanine nucleotide regulatory site(s) of rat pancreatic plasma membranes involved in adenylate cyclase activation, basal and cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated specific GTPase activity, and [125I]-CCK-33 binding was documented.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	144-159
6274205-0	1981	Regulation of the PTH-receptor-cyclase system of canine kidney: effects of calcium, magnesium, and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-118	parathyroid hormone	Canis lupus familiaris	18-21
6274205-1	1981	These studies examine the interactions of Ca2+, Mg2+, and guanine nucleotides with PTH binding to renal receptors and activation of adenylate cyclase in a purified preparation of basolateral renal cortical membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-77	parathyroid hormone	Canis lupus familiaris	83-86
6274205-10	1981	This was partly explained by a marked effect of guanine nucleotides on the dissociation rate of receptor-bound PTH.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-67	parathyroid hormone	Canis lupus familiaris	111-114
7063012-0	1982	Phosphorylation inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange on eukaryotic initiation factor 2.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	transcription termination factor 2	Homo sapiens	78-86
6289045-0	1982	Characterization of tubulin and microtubule-associated protein interactions with guanine nucleotides and their nonhydrolyzable analogs.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-100	regulator of microtubule dynamics 1	Homo sapiens	32-62
7306531-0	1981	Modification of two essential cysteines in rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase by the guanine nucleotide analogue 5"[p-(fluorosulfonyl) benzoyl] guanosine.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	pyruvate kinase PKLR	Oryctolagus cuniculus	57-72
7236727-3	1981	Thus, it is conceivable that the release of the growth hormone or the inhibition of prolactin release by acetylcholine, which we and others have previously shown, is modulated by the opposite actions of guanine nucleotides and divalent metal ions such as Mg2+.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-222	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	48-62
6125533-6	1981	The present data indicate that the guanine nucleotide regulatory units involved in adenylate cyclase activation, GTPase activity and CCK binding have similar properties in rat pancreatic plasma membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	133-136
6125533-1	1981	The specificity of guanine nucleotide regulatory site(s) of rat pancreatic plasma membranes involved in adenylate cyclase activation, basal and cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated specific GTPase activity, and [125I]-CCK-33 binding was documented.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
6125533-1	1981	The specificity of guanine nucleotide regulatory site(s) of rat pancreatic plasma membranes involved in adenylate cyclase activation, basal and cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated specific GTPase activity, and [125I]-CCK-33 binding was documented.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	214-217
6100954-2	1981	The guanine nucleotides, guanosine-5"-triphosphate and guanylyl-5"-imidodiphosphate, significantly inhibited the binding of radiolabeled vasoactive intestinal polypeptide but not that of [Tyr4]bombesin to rat brain membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-23	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	137-170
6100954-3	1981	Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide binding was inhibited by guanine nucleotides in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-78	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	0-33
6900508-0	1980	Proton nuclear magnetic resonance study on the roles of histidine residues in the binding of polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu from Thermus thermophilus with aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acid and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-222	elongation factor Tu	Thermus thermophilus HB8	111-131
6254514-0	1980	Differential effects of guanine nucleotides on the first step of VIP and glucagon action in membranes from liver cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-43	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	65-68
6259003-0	1981	Guanine nucleotides modulate TRH-receptor binding in sheep anterior pituitary.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor	Ovis aries	29-41
6900508-10	1980	Furthermore, the effect of paramagnetic hexacyanochromate(III) ion on the 1H NMR spectra of free EF-Tu suggests that another histidine residue lies near the guanine nucleotide binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	elongation factor Tu	Thermus thermophilus HB8	97-102
6244163-1	1980	Binding of periodate-oxidized guanine nucleotides to EF-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-49	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
6244163-2	1980	Interactions of rat liver elongation factor 2 (EF-2) with guanine nucleotides and ribosomes were studied by equilibrium dialysis and sedimentation methods.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-77	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	26-45
6244163-0	1980	Interactions of elongation factor 2 (EF-2) with guanine nucleotides and ribosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-67	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	16-35
6244163-2	1980	Interactions of rat liver elongation factor 2 (EF-2) with guanine nucleotides and ribosomes were studied by equilibrium dialysis and sedimentation methods.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-77	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
6244163-0	1980	Interactions of elongation factor 2 (EF-2) with guanine nucleotides and ribosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-67	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	37-41
6244163-4	1980	NaIO4-oxidized guanine nucleotides (oGDP) (Kd = 38 microM) and oxidized/reduced guanine nucleotides (orGDP) (Kd = 27 microM) had lower affinites to the binding site on EF-2 than those of GDP or GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-34	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	168-172
6244163-4	1980	NaIO4-oxidized guanine nucleotides (oGDP) (Kd = 38 microM) and oxidized/reduced guanine nucleotides (orGDP) (Kd = 27 microM) had lower affinites to the binding site on EF-2 than those of GDP or GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-99	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	168-172
7373937-0	1980	[Effects of guanine nucleotides on vasopressin-induced increment of water permeability of the toad bladder (author"s transl)].	Guanine Nucleotides	12-31	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	35-46
7359139-0	1980	Histamine H1-receptor binding sites in guinea pig brain membranes: regulation of agonist interactions by guanine nucleotides and cations.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-124	histamine H1 receptor	Cavia porcellus	0-21
228288-0	1979	Guanine nucleotide-binding activity as an assay for src protein of rat-derived murine sarcoma viruses.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	52-55
6261655-0	1980	Guanine nucleotide binding activity of the src gene product of rat-derived murine sarcoma viruses.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
228288-3	1979	We report herein that when extracts from cells transformed by Kirsten or Harvey sarcoma virus are incubated with [(3)H]GDP or [alpha-(32)P]GTP, picomole quantities of guanine nucleotide can be immunoprecipitated with antisera that contain antibodies to the p21.	Guanine Nucleotides	167-185	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	257-260
228288-7	1979	The results suggest an interaction between p21 and certain guanine nucleotides, and the possible roles of guanine nucleotides and p21 in the maintenance of transformation are discussed.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-78	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanine Nucleotides	220-239	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	129-149
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanine Nucleotides	220-239	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	151-156
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanine Nucleotides	220-239	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	210-215
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanine Nucleotides	220-239	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	210-215
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanine Nucleotides	220-239	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	210-215
269389-5	1977	The results suggest that EF-Ts and kirromycin induce a similar conformational change in EF-Tu, thereby "opening" the guanine nucleotide binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	25-30
200996-4	1977	The guanine nucleotide analogue 5"-guanylyl-imidodiphosphate GMP (PNP) when applied in the same concentration range, stimulated basal as well as PTH-activated adenylate cyclase activity up to 300%.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	61-64
200996-4	1977	The guanine nucleotide analogue 5"-guanylyl-imidodiphosphate GMP (PNP) when applied in the same concentration range, stimulated basal as well as PTH-activated adenylate cyclase activity up to 300%.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	145-148
269389-5	1977	The results suggest that EF-Ts and kirromycin induce a similar conformational change in EF-Tu, thereby "opening" the guanine nucleotide binding site.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	88-93
187579-1	1976	The conformational transition of the polypeptide chain elongation factor G (EF-G) induced by interaction with guanine nucleotide has been investigated by means of the spin-labeling technique.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	55-74
187579-1	1976	The conformational transition of the polypeptide chain elongation factor G (EF-G) induced by interaction with guanine nucleotide has been investigated by means of the spin-labeling technique.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
187579-8	1976	78, 243-246) demonstrate the existence of an EF-G-guanine nucleotide binary complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
187579-3	1976	It was found that the ESR spectra of EF-G labeled with nitroxide maleimide reagents were modified by the addition of various guanine nucleotides such as GDP, GTP and, to a lesser extent, by Gpp(NH)p and Gpp(CH2)p, indicating that conformational changes accompany the binding of nucleotide ligand.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-144	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
1182198-10	1975	Erythrocytes had excellent purine salvage capacity, but due to the relatively low activity of adenosine deaminase, deamination might be rate limiting in the formation of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-189	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	94-113
5256231-2	1969	The patients are deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, which converts hypoxanthine to inosinic acid, a major precursor of adenine and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	157-176	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	30-76
172034-4	1975	Our current understanding of the roles of hormones, substrate, magnesium, calcium, and guanine nucleotides as regulators of adenyl cyclase activity is summarized.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-106	adenylate cyclase 1	Homo sapiens	124-138
4928005-6	1971	(iv) The pathway by which exogenous adenine is converted to guanine nucleotides in the presence of histidine requires a functional purine nucleoside phosphorylase.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-79	purine-nucleoside phosphorylase	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2	131-162
33586155-4	2021	N-terminal-deleted Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor beta (RhoGDIbeta/RhoGDI2/LyGDI) produced by caspase-3 activation perturbs spindle orientation in surviving cells following exposure to either ionizing radiation or UVC.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	71-81
5620641-0	1967	[Regulation of GMP-synthetase reaction by guanine nucleotides].	Guanine Nucleotides	42-61	guanine monophosphate synthase	Homo sapiens	15-29
33872697-10	2021	EPAC acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
33872697-10	2021	EPAC acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-77
33586155-4	2021	N-terminal-deleted Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor beta (RhoGDIbeta/RhoGDI2/LyGDI) produced by caspase-3 activation perturbs spindle orientation in surviving cells following exposure to either ionizing radiation or UVC.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	82-89
33586155-4	2021	N-terminal-deleted Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor beta (RhoGDIbeta/RhoGDI2/LyGDI) produced by caspase-3 activation perturbs spindle orientation in surviving cells following exposure to either ionizing radiation or UVC.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	90-95
33586155-4	2021	N-terminal-deleted Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor beta (RhoGDIbeta/RhoGDI2/LyGDI) produced by caspase-3 activation perturbs spindle orientation in surviving cells following exposure to either ionizing radiation or UVC.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	109-118
33947796-2	2021	P-Rex2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases and can be activated by Gbetagamma subunits downstream of G protein-coupled receptor signaling and by PI(3,4,5)P3 downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
34026780-6	2021	Recently, an amino acid aspartate (D) to glycine (G) (D614G) mutation due to an adenine to guanine nucleotide change at position 23,403 at the 614th amino-acid position of the spike protein in the original reference genotype has been identified.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	176-181
33492483-0	2021	Expression analyses of PLEKHG2, a Rho family-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, during mouse brain development.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	pleckstrin homology domain containing, family G (with RhoGef domain) member 2	Mus musculus	23-30
33492483-1	2021	Abnormalities of PLEKHG2 gene, encoding a Rho family-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, are involved in microcephaly with intellectual disability.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	pleckstrin homology domain containing, family G (with RhoGef domain) member 2	Mus musculus	17-24
34015029-0	2021	Correction: The Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor DRhoGEF2 Is a Genetic Modifier of the PI3K Pathway in Drosophila.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Drosophila melanogaster	55-63
33960038-0	2021	Cyclic AMP-dependent activation of ERK via GLP-1 receptor signalling requires the neuroendocrine cell-specific guanine nucleotide exchanger NCS-RapGEF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
33960038-0	2021	Cyclic AMP-dependent activation of ERK via GLP-1 receptor signalling requires the neuroendocrine cell-specific guanine nucleotide exchanger NCS-RapGEF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	glucagon like peptide 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	43-57
33960038-0	2021	Cyclic AMP-dependent activation of ERK via GLP-1 receptor signalling requires the neuroendocrine cell-specific guanine nucleotide exchanger NCS-RapGEF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	144-151
31607221-5	2021	During these processes, the activity of RAB-35 is controlled by the candidate GTPase-activating protein (GAP) TBC-10 and the candidate guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) FLCN-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	40-46
33320336-6	2021	Further, we show that PLPPR1 reduces the activation of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) by LPA in Neuro-2a cells, and that this due to an association of PLPPR1with the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI1).	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	phospholipid phosphatase related 1	Mus musculus	22-28
33320336-6	2021	Further, we show that PLPPR1 reduces the activation of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) by LPA in Neuro-2a cells, and that this due to an association of PLPPR1with the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI1).	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	55-82
33320336-6	2021	Further, we show that PLPPR1 reduces the activation of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) by LPA in Neuro-2a cells, and that this due to an association of PLPPR1with the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI1).	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	84-88
33320336-6	2021	Further, we show that PLPPR1 reduces the activation of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) by LPA in Neuro-2a cells, and that this due to an association of PLPPR1with the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI1).	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	phospholipid phosphatase related 1	Mus musculus	155-161
33320336-6	2021	Further, we show that PLPPR1 reduces the activation of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) by LPA in Neuro-2a cells, and that this due to an association of PLPPR1with the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI1).	Guanine Nucleotides	183-201	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	226-233
33465404-1	2021	The Neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (Net1) is a RhoA subfamily guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is overexpressed in a number of cancers and contributes to cancer cell motility and proliferation.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	neuroepithelial cell transforming 1	Homo sapiens	4-39
33831510-3	2021	Ras Guanine Nucleotide Releasing Factor 2 (RasGRF2) is one of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) that regulates the Ras-ERK signaling pathway in a Ca2+-dependent manner via control of the cycling of Ras isoforms between an inactive and active state.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2	Mus musculus	43-50
33831510-3	2021	Ras Guanine Nucleotide Releasing Factor 2 (RasGRF2) is one of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) that regulates the Ras-ERK signaling pathway in a Ca2+-dependent manner via control of the cycling of Ras isoforms between an inactive and active state.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	131-134
33739090-4	2021	The information stemming from the analyses of FELs reveals that the conformations of SW1 and SW2 are in high disorders in the GDP- and GTP-associated WT and mutated K-Ras, possibly producing significant effect on binding of guanine nucleotide exchange factors or effectors to K-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	224-242	WD repeat domain 82 pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
33739090-4	2021	The information stemming from the analyses of FELs reveals that the conformations of SW1 and SW2 are in high disorders in the GDP- and GTP-associated WT and mutated K-Ras, possibly producing significant effect on binding of guanine nucleotide exchange factors or effectors to K-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	224-242	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	165-170
33739090-4	2021	The information stemming from the analyses of FELs reveals that the conformations of SW1 and SW2 are in high disorders in the GDP- and GTP-associated WT and mutated K-Ras, possibly producing significant effect on binding of guanine nucleotide exchange factors or effectors to K-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	224-242	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	276-281
33834495-1	2021	RAPGEF1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor responsible for transmitting extracellular signals to the Ras family of GTPase located at the inside of membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
33465404-1	2021	The Neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (Net1) is a RhoA subfamily guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is overexpressed in a number of cancers and contributes to cancer cell motility and proliferation.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	neuroepithelial cell transforming 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
33465404-1	2021	The Neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (Net1) is a RhoA subfamily guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is overexpressed in a number of cancers and contributes to cancer cell motility and proliferation.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	52-56
33478608-0	2021	Loss of Arf Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor GBF1 Activity Disturbs Organelle Dynamics in Mouse Oocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance factor 1	Mus musculus	47-51
33513624-2	2021	The objective of this study is to clarify the imprinted regulation of the guanine nucleotide binding-protein alpha-stimulating activity polypeptide 1 (GNAS) cluster in the occurrence and development of AD-PHP1B based on animal and clinical patient studies.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	151-155
33478608-1	2021	GBF1 [Golgi brefeldin A (BFA) resistance factor 1] is a member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Arf family.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance factor 1	Mus musculus	0-4
33501895-3	2021	In this study, we found that YAP1 regulates the expression of epithelial cell transforming 2 (ECT2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator	Homo sapiens	29-33
31576007-6	2021	CaMKK1/CaMKIalpha signaling regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling in the DH and behavioral plasticity by activation of Rac1 via acting Rac guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor betaPIX.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
31576007-6	2021	CaMKK1/CaMKIalpha signaling regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling in the DH and behavioral plasticity by activation of Rac1 via acting Rac guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor betaPIX.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I	Rattus norvegicus	7-17
31576007-6	2021	CaMKK1/CaMKIalpha signaling regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling in the DH and behavioral plasticity by activation of Rac1 via acting Rac guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor betaPIX.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	121-125
31576007-6	2021	CaMKK1/CaMKIalpha signaling regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling in the DH and behavioral plasticity by activation of Rac1 via acting Rac guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor betaPIX.	Guanine Nucleotides	141-159	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Rattus norvegicus	176-183
33833821-1	2021	Background: Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10-like protein (ARHGEF10L) is a member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor family, which regulates Rho GTPase activities, thus contributing to tumorigenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 like	Homo sapiens	68-77
33723354-0	2021	Homozygous variant in MADD, encoding a Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factor, results in pleiotropic effects and a multisystemic disorder.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	22-26
33723370-5	2021	The GNAI3 gene encodes a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	G protein subunit alpha i3	Homo sapiens	4-9
33660564-2	2021	ELMO proteins form a tight complex with the DOCK1-5 guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate RAC1 spatiotemporal activation and signalling.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
33660564-2	2021	ELMO proteins form a tight complex with the DOCK1-5 guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate RAC1 spatiotemporal activation and signalling.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	102-106
33501895-3	2021	In this study, we found that YAP1 regulates the expression of epithelial cell transforming 2 (ECT2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	62-92
33501895-3	2021	In this study, we found that YAP1 regulates the expression of epithelial cell transforming 2 (ECT2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	94-98
33298248-2	2021	The discovery of exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap GTPases has shed light on protein kinase A (PKA)-independent functions of cAMP signaling in neural tissues.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	53-57
33675748-4	2021	Here we describe a long isoform of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GIV/Girdin (CCDC88A) that we named GIV-L, which is conserved throughout evolution, from invertebrates to vertebrates, and contains a PBM.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	74-77
33675748-4	2021	Here we describe a long isoform of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GIV/Girdin (CCDC88A) that we named GIV-L, which is conserved throughout evolution, from invertebrates to vertebrates, and contains a PBM.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	78-84
33675748-4	2021	Here we describe a long isoform of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GIV/Girdin (CCDC88A) that we named GIV-L, which is conserved throughout evolution, from invertebrates to vertebrates, and contains a PBM.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	86-93
33675748-4	2021	Here we describe a long isoform of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GIV/Girdin (CCDC88A) that we named GIV-L, which is conserved throughout evolution, from invertebrates to vertebrates, and contains a PBM.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	109-112
33597305-1	2021	Ephexin family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) transfer signals from Eph tyrosine kinase receptors to Rho GTPases, which play critical roles in diverse cellular processes, as well as cancers and brain disorders.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	neuronal guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	0-7
33271334-5	2021	AGC1.5 subfamily kinases interact with and phosphorylate guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) of ROPs, i.e. RopGEF4 and RopGEF10.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	aggrecan	Homo sapiens	0-4
33405949-0	2021	Modeling the dynamic behaviors of the COPI vesicle formation regulators, the small GTPase Arf1 and its activating Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 on Golgi membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
33405949-0	2021	Modeling the dynamic behaviors of the COPI vesicle formation regulators, the small GTPase Arf1 and its activating Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 on Golgi membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
33405949-0	2021	Modeling the dynamic behaviors of the COPI vesicle formation regulators, the small GTPase Arf1 and its activating Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 on Golgi membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
33405949-2	2021	The coating cascade is initiated after the small GTPase Arf1 is activated by the Sec7 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
33405949-2	2021	The coating cascade is initiated after the small GTPase Arf1 is activated by the Sec7 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
33405949-2	2021	The coating cascade is initiated after the small GTPase Arf1 is activated by the Sec7 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
31032735-5	2021	Current knowledge on roles for specific PI 3-kinase pathway responsive Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors in glioblastoma is reviewed.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
33220178-2	2021	ISRIB and eIF2(alphaP) bind distinct sites in their common target, eIF2B, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	10-14
33445154-3	2021	The protein-protein interaction (PPI) of APC with Asef (A Rac specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor) overwhelms the patient"s conditions by rapidly spreading in the entire colorectal region.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway	Homo sapiens	41-44
33512434-6	2021	Mechanistically, RNA-Seq analysis and quantitative proteomics study identified that Rasgrp1, a Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor, was greatly downregulated in mouse and human ETP-ALL.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	84-91
33445154-3	2021	The protein-protein interaction (PPI) of APC with Asef (A Rac specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor) overwhelms the patient"s conditions by rapidly spreading in the entire colorectal region.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	50-54
33517841-5	2021	We have shown elevated expression levels of the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor RasGRP1 in T-ALL patients, which results in constant production of active Ras (RasGTP).	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	87-94
33559155-3	2021	Dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4) is a member of the DOCK-B subfamily of the DOCK family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	dedicator of cytokinesis 4	Mus musculus	28-33
33268547-9	2021	In this study, we examined the role of dopamine signaling through the D1 receptor via a novel pathway initiated through the cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factor NCS-Rapgef2 in mice.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	dopamine receptor D1	Mus musculus	70-81
33268547-9	2021	In this study, we examined the role of dopamine signaling through the D1 receptor via a novel pathway initiated through the cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factor NCS-Rapgef2 in mice.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	178-185
33310872-1	2021	ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) family consisting of six family members, Arf1-Arf6, belongs to Ras superfamily and orchestrates vesicle trafficking under the control of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	167-185	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Mus musculus	71-75
33310872-1	2021	ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) family consisting of six family members, Arf1-Arf6, belongs to Ras superfamily and orchestrates vesicle trafficking under the control of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	167-185	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	76-80
33220178-2	2021	ISRIB and eIF2(alphaP) bind distinct sites in their common target, eIF2B, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	67-72
33220178-2	2021	ISRIB and eIF2(alphaP) bind distinct sites in their common target, eIF2B, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	67-71
32735995-7	2021	The 0% Prot diet partially reduced the Akt/mTORC1 pathway, and the activity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B without affecting eIF2alpha phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, subunit 4 delta	Mus musculus	118-123
32916301-0	2021	Characterisation of the interaction of guanine nucleotides with ribosomal GTPase Lsg1.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-58	putative GTPase LSG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	81-85
32916301-3	2021	Here, we characterised the recombinant yeast Lsg1 and studied its catalysis and binding properties for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-122	putative GTPase LSG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	45-49
32916301-4	2021	We described the interaction of Lsg1 with guanine nucleotides alone and in the presence of the complex Nmd3 60S using fluorescence spectroscopy.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-61	putative GTPase LSG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	32-36
33401608-2	2021	Two related types of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) activate Arf1 at different Golgi sites.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	73-77
32916301-8	2021	Additionally, Lsg1 undergoes different conformational changes depending on its binding partner or the guanine nucleotides it interacts with.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-121	putative GTPase LSG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
32779300-3	2021	The inosine 5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-127	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	4-44
33419897-1	2021	BACKGROUND/AIM: Fusion of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A gene (KMT2A) with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 gene (ARHGEF12), both located in 11q23, was reported in some leukemic patients.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	lysine methyltransferase 2A	Homo sapiens	26-63
33419897-1	2021	BACKGROUND/AIM: Fusion of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A gene (KMT2A) with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 gene (ARHGEF12), both located in 11q23, was reported in some leukemic patients.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	134-142
32788663-3	2021	Heterozygous variants in SOS2, encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAS, have recently been identified in patients with Noonan syndrome.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
32808262-3	2021	RhoA gets activated upon binding to guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which catalyze the exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) for guanosine triphosphate (GTP).	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
32779300-3	2021	The inosine 5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-127	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	46-52
33284659-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIM: As a Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2 (TIAM2) has been reported to be correlated with malignant phenotypes in several cancers, but its prognostic significance and function in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) was not investigated.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
30843452-3	2021	We have previously shown that Rab8a is activated by multiple TLRs and regulates downstream Akt/mTOR signalling by recruiting the effector PI3Kgamma, but the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) canonically required for Rab8a activation in TLR pathways is not known.	Guanine Nucleotides	157-175	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-35
31042115-0	2021	The UIG-1/CDC-42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor acts in parallel to CED-10/Rac1 during axon outgrowth in Caenorhabditis elegans.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	PH domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	4-9
31042115-0	2021	The UIG-1/CDC-42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor acts in parallel to CED-10/Rac1 during axon outgrowth in Caenorhabditis elegans.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	10-16
31042115-0	2021	The UIG-1/CDC-42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor acts in parallel to CED-10/Rac1 during axon outgrowth in Caenorhabditis elegans.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Ras-related protein ced-10	Caenorhabditis elegans	72-78
33284659-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIM: As a Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2 (TIAM2) has been reported to be correlated with malignant phenotypes in several cancers, but its prognostic significance and function in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) was not investigated.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	66-107
33284659-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIM: As a Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2 (TIAM2) has been reported to be correlated with malignant phenotypes in several cancers, but its prognostic significance and function in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) was not investigated.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	109-114
32992343-1	2020	Activating mutations in the Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (VAV1) gene are reported in various subtypes of mature T-cell neoplasms (TCN).	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	70-74
33310745-2	2020	A new study indicates that activated Gs can also directly interact with a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho family small GTPases, PDZ-RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	139-149
33339852-3	2020	Here, we identified ALS2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is upregulated in cancer, as responsible for increased Rab5-GTP loading, cell migration and metastasis in hypoxia.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ALS2	Homo sapiens	20-24
33339852-3	2020	Here, we identified ALS2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is upregulated in cancer, as responsible for increased Rab5-GTP loading, cell migration and metastasis in hypoxia.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-127
33087467-1	2020	Enterovirus replication requires the cellular protein GBF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small Arf GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
33200195-1	2020	The Tiam family proteins - Tiam1 and Tiam2/STEF - are Rac1-specific Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) with important functions in epithelial, neuronal, immune and other cell types.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
33200195-1	2020	The Tiam family proteins - Tiam1 and Tiam2/STEF - are Rac1-specific Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) with important functions in epithelial, neuronal, immune and other cell types.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
33200195-1	2020	The Tiam family proteins - Tiam1 and Tiam2/STEF - are Rac1-specific Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) with important functions in epithelial, neuronal, immune and other cell types.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	37-42
33200195-1	2020	The Tiam family proteins - Tiam1 and Tiam2/STEF - are Rac1-specific Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) with important functions in epithelial, neuronal, immune and other cell types.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	43-47
33200195-1	2020	The Tiam family proteins - Tiam1 and Tiam2/STEF - are Rac1-specific Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) with important functions in epithelial, neuronal, immune and other cell types.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
33415001-2	2020	In NeuT mice, a preclinical model or Her2-positive breast cancer, we previously reported that p140Cap counteracts Her2-dependent breast cancer progression, associating with the specific Rac1 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, Tiam1, and limiting the activation of both Tiam1 and Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	191-209	SRC kinase signaling inhibitor 1	Mus musculus	94-101
33415001-2	2020	In NeuT mice, a preclinical model or Her2-positive breast cancer, we previously reported that p140Cap counteracts Her2-dependent breast cancer progression, associating with the specific Rac1 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, Tiam1, and limiting the activation of both Tiam1 and Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	191-209	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	114-118
32681954-0	2020	Characterization of guanine nucleotide exchange activity of DH domain of human FGD2.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	79-83
32726583-7	2020	The mantGDP-bound CDC42 was verified to be efficient for measuring the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of VAV2.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	18-23
32726583-7	2020	The mantGDP-bound CDC42 was verified to be efficient for measuring the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of VAV2.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	111-115
32978791-0	2020	The guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 activates Rac1 in adipocyte insulin signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
32978791-0	2020	The guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 activates Rac1 in adipocyte insulin signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	insulin	Homo sapiens	76-83
32978791-4	2020	Here, we show that knockdown of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 inhibits Rac1 activation and GLUT4 translocation by insulin and a constitutively activated form of the protein kinase Akt2.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
32978791-4	2020	Here, we show that knockdown of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 inhibits Rac1 activation and GLUT4 translocation by insulin and a constitutively activated form of the protein kinase Akt2.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	109-114
32978791-4	2020	Here, we show that knockdown of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 inhibits Rac1 activation and GLUT4 translocation by insulin and a constitutively activated form of the protein kinase Akt2.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	insulin	Homo sapiens	132-139
32978791-4	2020	Here, we show that knockdown of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 inhibits Rac1 activation and GLUT4 translocation by insulin and a constitutively activated form of the protein kinase Akt2.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	AKT serine/threonine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	198-202
32681954-2	2020	The DH domain has been deduced to be responsible for guanine nucleotide exchange in CDC42 to activate downstream factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	84-89
32681954-3	2020	Our aim was to build a prokaryotic expression system for the DH domain and to examine its guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward CDC42 in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	134-139
32681954-6	2020	FGD2-DH displayed weak guanine nucleotide exchange activity in vitro and very weak interactions with CDC42 following glutaraldehyde cross-linking.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
33247143-2	2020	Here we show that mesoderm organization in mouse embryos depends on beta-Pix (Arhgef7), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF7)	Mus musculus	68-76
33391941-4	2020	RASGRP2 codes for the protein CalDAG-GEFI RAS (guanyl-releasing protein-2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small guanosine triphosphate(GTP)ase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-7
33391941-4	2020	RASGRP2 codes for the protein CalDAG-GEFI RAS (guanyl-releasing protein-2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small guanosine triphosphate(GTP)ase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	154-158
33247143-2	2020	Here we show that mesoderm organization in mouse embryos depends on beta-Pix (Arhgef7), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF7)	Mus musculus	78-85
33247143-2	2020	Here we show that mesoderm organization in mouse embryos depends on beta-Pix (Arhgef7), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	129-133
33247143-2	2020	Here we show that mesoderm organization in mouse embryos depends on beta-Pix (Arhgef7), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	138-143
33060293-2	2020	Protrusion-enriched RNAs encode factors linked to cancer progression, such as the RAB13 GTPase and the NET1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and are regulated by the tumor-suppressor protein APC.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	neuroepithelial cell transforming 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
33046543-5	2020	Guanine nucleotide exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP [Epac proteins (Epac 1-2)] are alternative cAMP targets to protein kinase A (PKA) and Epac2 is abundant in the cerebellum.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	65-69
33046543-5	2020	Guanine nucleotide exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP [Epac proteins (Epac 1-2)] are alternative cAMP targets to protein kinase A (PKA) and Epac2 is abundant in the cerebellum.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	80-88
33046543-5	2020	Guanine nucleotide exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP [Epac proteins (Epac 1-2)] are alternative cAMP targets to protein kinase A (PKA) and Epac2 is abundant in the cerebellum.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 4	Mus musculus	150-155
33046543-14	2020	This effect is not mediated by the canonical protein kinase A pathway but rather, through direct activation of the guanine nucleotide exchange protein Epac by cAMP.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	151-155
33175535-3	2020	We report here the design, synthesis, and biological characterization of a series of novel N-arylsufonamides featuring a diazaspiro[4,4]nonane nucleus to target the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of DOCK5, which is essential for bone resorption by osteoclasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	165-183	dedicator of cytokinesis 5	Mus musculus	205-210
33208359-1	2020	Genetic mutations in the gene encoding transport protein particle complex 9 (trappc9), a subunit of TRAPP that acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for rab proteins, cause intellectual disability with brain structural malformations by elusive mechanisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	trafficking protein particle complex 9	Mus musculus	39-75
33208359-1	2020	Genetic mutations in the gene encoding transport protein particle complex 9 (trappc9), a subunit of TRAPP that acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for rab proteins, cause intellectual disability with brain structural malformations by elusive mechanisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	trafficking protein particle complex 9	Mus musculus	77-84
33208359-1	2020	Genetic mutations in the gene encoding transport protein particle complex 9 (trappc9), a subunit of TRAPP that acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for rab proteins, cause intellectual disability with brain structural malformations by elusive mechanisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	160-163
33069695-3	2020	In this study, we tested the hypothesis that RIN1, a Ras effector protein and Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, controls several signaling molecules leading to the modulation of the telomerase activity; thus, allowing proper cell proliferation.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	Ras and Rab interactor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
33069695-3	2020	In this study, we tested the hypothesis that RIN1, a Ras effector protein and Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, controls several signaling molecules leading to the modulation of the telomerase activity; thus, allowing proper cell proliferation.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	78-82
33224134-1	2020	HPS1, a BLOC-3 subunit that acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rab32/38, may play a role in the removal of VAMP7 during the maturation of large dense core vesicles of Paneth cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	HPS1, biogenesis of lysosomal organelles complex 3 subunit 1	Mus musculus	0-4
33224134-1	2020	HPS1, a BLOC-3 subunit that acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rab32/38, may play a role in the removal of VAMP7 during the maturation of large dense core vesicles of Paneth cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	HPS4, biogenesis of lysosomal organelles complex 3 subunit 2	Mus musculus	8-14
33224134-1	2020	HPS1, a BLOC-3 subunit that acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rab32/38, may play a role in the removal of VAMP7 during the maturation of large dense core vesicles of Paneth cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	76-84
33224134-1	2020	HPS1, a BLOC-3 subunit that acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rab32/38, may play a role in the removal of VAMP7 during the maturation of large dense core vesicles of Paneth cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	vesicle-associated membrane protein 7	Mus musculus	120-125
33060293-2	2020	Protrusion-enriched RNAs encode factors linked to cancer progression, such as the RAB13 GTPase and the NET1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and are regulated by the tumor-suppressor protein APC.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway	Homo sapiens	194-197
33000885-9	2020	Finally, small G protein Rap1 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Epac1 were found to be involved in cAMP-induced PP2A activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
32456782-4	2020	METHODS: Here, we employed the Gnb4 (guanine nucleotide-binding subunit beta-4) cre driver line in mice to selectively monitor and manipulate claustrum projection neurons during 1-choice versus 5-choice serial reaction time task performance.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta 4	Mus musculus	31-35
32799315-4	2020	Both variants are located in the highly conserved guanine nucleotide-binding domain of the EIF2S3 encoded eIF2gamma subunit of the heterotrimeric translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	91-97
32799315-4	2020	Both variants are located in the highly conserved guanine nucleotide-binding domain of the EIF2S3 encoded eIF2gamma subunit of the heterotrimeric translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	106-110
33000885-9	2020	Finally, small G protein Rap1 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Epac1 were found to be involved in cAMP-induced PP2A activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	73-78
33000885-9	2020	Finally, small G protein Rap1 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Epac1 were found to be involved in cAMP-induced PP2A activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	121-125
32963625-1	2020	Inosine 5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase type II (IMPDH2) is an important enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-130	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	48-54
32876072-0	2020	Cullin 3/KCTD5 promotes the ubiqutination of Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 1 and regulates its stability.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	cullin 3	Homo sapiens	0-8
32876072-0	2020	Cullin 3/KCTD5 promotes the ubiqutination of Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 1 and regulates its stability.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	9-14
32876072-1	2020	Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 1 (RhoGDI1) plays important roles in numerous cellular processes, including cell motility, adhesion, and proliferation, by regulating the activity of Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	49-56
33087700-4	2020	Endothelial enlargement requires the GEF1 domain of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio and activation of Rho-GTPases Rac1 and RhoG in the cell periphery, inducing F-actin cytoskeleton remodeling, myosin based tension at junction regions and focal adhesions.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor a	Danio rerio	91-95
33126816-0	2021	Regulation and functions of the RhoA regulatory guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	32-36
33126816-0	2021	Regulation and functions of the RhoA regulatory guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	83-89
32996421-1	2020	A missense mutation of the guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha stimulating activity polypeptide 1 (GNAS) gene, typically Arg201Cys or Arg201His (R201H/R201C), leads to constitutive activation of the Gsalpha-cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway that causes several diseases.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	104-108
32766788-1	2020	DOCK3 is a member of the DOCK family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate cell migration, fusion, and viability.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	dedicator of cyto-kinesis 3	Mus musculus	0-5
32937143-3	2020	Here, we report the identification of pathogenic variants in GBF1 (Golgi brefeldin A-resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1) in four unrelated families with individuals affected by sporadic or dominant HMN/CMT2.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance factor 1	Mus musculus	61-65
31838952-3	2020	This means that given the concentration range of guanine nucleotide in plant cells, XLG2 is not likely bound by GTP in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	extra-large GTP-binding protein 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	84-88
32391916-1	2020	The aim was to examine the association between the hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF1A) gene and the guanine nucleotide binding protein beta polypeptide 3 (GNB3) gene polymorphisms and the endurance/power athlete status and relative aerobic capacity.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	84-89
32391916-1	2020	The aim was to examine the association between the hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF1A) gene and the guanine nucleotide binding protein beta polypeptide 3 (GNB3) gene polymorphisms and the endurance/power athlete status and relative aerobic capacity.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	G protein subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	159-163
32483624-8	2020	The combined loss of Scribble, Yap1 and Taz results in transcriptional upregulation of Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Rac activation and HSC fitness restoration.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator	Homo sapiens	31-35
32483624-8	2020	The combined loss of Scribble, Yap1 and Taz results in transcriptional upregulation of Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Rac activation and HSC fitness restoration.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	40-43
33024114-1	2020	PIX proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate Rac and Cdc42, and are known to have numerous functions in various cell types.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	82-87
32929379-1	2020	Rationale: A number of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) including epithelial cell transforming factor ECT2 are believed to drive carcinogenesis through activating distinct oncogenic GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	112-116
32323924-5	2020	Here we discuss an alternative paradigm for the regulation of cellular cAMP via GIV/Girdin, the prototypical member of a family of modulators of trimeric GTPases, Guanine nucleotide Exchange Modulators (GEMs).	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	84-90
32619481-3	2020	PLK1 is proposed to pattern RhoA activation by creating a docking site on the central spindle that concentrates the RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor ECT2.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	156-160
32513570-2	2020	The synaptic Ras homologous (Rho) guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) Kalirin and Trio have emerged as central regulators of actin dynamics at the synapse.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	kalirin RhoGEF kinase	Homo sapiens	77-84
32619481-3	2020	PLK1 is proposed to pattern RhoA activation by creating a docking site on the central spindle that concentrates the RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor ECT2.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	polo like kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
32619481-3	2020	PLK1 is proposed to pattern RhoA activation by creating a docking site on the central spindle that concentrates the RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor ECT2.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	28-32
32619481-3	2020	PLK1 is proposed to pattern RhoA activation by creating a docking site on the central spindle that concentrates the RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor ECT2.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	116-120
32111741-8	2020	Rapgef3 encodes an exchange protein, activated by cAMP 1 (EPAC-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates the small GTPase Rap-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	0-7
32111741-8	2020	Rapgef3 encodes an exchange protein, activated by cAMP 1 (EPAC-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates the small GTPase Rap-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	19-56
32111741-8	2020	Rapgef3 encodes an exchange protein, activated by cAMP 1 (EPAC-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates the small GTPase Rap-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	58-64
32111741-8	2020	Rapgef3 encodes an exchange protein, activated by cAMP 1 (EPAC-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates the small GTPase Rap-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	136-141
32154766-7	2020	The above results suggest that ARHGEF10L expression can stimulate gastric tumorigenesis by prompting RhoA-ROCK1-phospho-ERM signaling, inducing EMT and increasing HSPA6 expression.Abbreviations : ARHGEF10L: rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10-Like1; ERM: Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition; GC: gastric cancer; HSPA6: Heat shock 70 kDa protein 6; RhoA: Ras homolog gene family member A; RhoGEFs: Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factors; ROCK1: Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	211-229	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 like	Homo sapiens	31-40
32330601-1	2020	The G12/13 subfamily of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins comprises the alpha subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, which transduce signals for cell growth, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and oncogenic transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	4-10
32330601-1	2020	The G12/13 subfamily of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins comprises the alpha subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, which transduce signals for cell growth, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and oncogenic transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	104-112
32330601-1	2020	The G12/13 subfamily of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins comprises the alpha subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, which transduce signals for cell growth, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and oncogenic transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	117-125
32330601-13	2020	However, dissection of this domain using invertebrate substitutions revealed different signalling mechanisms in these alpha subunits and identified Galpha13-specific determinants of binding Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	148-156
31694365-2	2020	Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3 (GNAI3) participates in several biological processes, but its relationship with lipid metabolism and NAFLD has not yet been reported.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	G protein subunit alpha i3	Homo sapiens	77-82
32576693-8	2020	The messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, DOCK4, mutations of which promote cancer cell invasion and angiogenesis, was the most highly up-regulated molecule in PAS samples.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	dedicator of cytokinesis 4	Homo sapiens	74-79
31587290-6	2020	Biochemical analyses indicated that the mutant eIF2B protein with the Eif2b5I98M mutation decreased guanine nucleotide exchange activity on eIF2, and the level of the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker activating transcription factor 4 was elevated in the 1-month-old Eif2b5I98M brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, subunit 2 beta	Mus musculus	47-52
31587290-6	2020	Biochemical analyses indicated that the mutant eIF2B protein with the Eif2b5I98M mutation decreased guanine nucleotide exchange activity on eIF2, and the level of the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker activating transcription factor 4 was elevated in the 1-month-old Eif2b5I98M brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, subunit 5 epsilon	Mus musculus	70-76
31587290-6	2020	Biochemical analyses indicated that the mutant eIF2B protein with the Eif2b5I98M mutation decreased guanine nucleotide exchange activity on eIF2, and the level of the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker activating transcription factor 4 was elevated in the 1-month-old Eif2b5I98M brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	47-51
32497171-5	2020	However, only about 2% stimulation of the guanine nucleotide binding activity of transducin was measured in the presence of sulfo-SMCC-cross-linked photolyzed rhodopsin.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	159-168
32513570-2	2020	The synaptic Ras homologous (Rho) guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) Kalirin and Trio have emerged as central regulators of actin dynamics at the synapse.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	89-93
32535026-2	2020	Here we show that a guanine nucleotide-exchange modulator of trimeric-GTPase Galphai, GIV (a.k.a Girdin), directly binds the integrin adaptor Kindlin-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	97-103
32600317-4	2020	RESULTS: In this study, we show that RA-GEF-1 and 2 (also known as Rapgef2 and 6) are key guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for Rap1 in lymphocyte trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	37-51
32600317-4	2020	RESULTS: In this study, we show that RA-GEF-1 and 2 (also known as Rapgef2 and 6) are key guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for Rap1 in lymphocyte trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	67-80
32600317-4	2020	RESULTS: In this study, we show that RA-GEF-1 and 2 (also known as Rapgef2 and 6) are key guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for Rap1 in lymphocyte trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	136-140
32535026-2	2020	Here we show that a guanine nucleotide-exchange modulator of trimeric-GTPase Galphai, GIV (a.k.a Girdin), directly binds the integrin adaptor Kindlin-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	FERM domain containing kindlin 2	Homo sapiens	142-151
32340447-3	2020	Several potent EPAC1 binders were identified including 25g, 25q, 25n, 25u, 25e, and 25f, which promote EPAC1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	15-20
32086369-5	2020	An siRNA library of guanine nucleotide exchange factors was screened to identify activators of Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	95-100
32456244-5	2020	Second, through interaction with a set of calmodulin binding proteins (CaMBPs), calmodulin can control the capacity of several guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) to promote the switch of inactive KRas and Rac1 to an active conformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	42-52
32456244-5	2020	Second, through interaction with a set of calmodulin binding proteins (CaMBPs), calmodulin can control the capacity of several guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) to promote the switch of inactive KRas and Rac1 to an active conformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	80-90
32456244-5	2020	Second, through interaction with a set of calmodulin binding proteins (CaMBPs), calmodulin can control the capacity of several guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) to promote the switch of inactive KRas and Rac1 to an active conformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	204-208
32456244-5	2020	Second, through interaction with a set of calmodulin binding proteins (CaMBPs), calmodulin can control the capacity of several guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) to promote the switch of inactive KRas and Rac1 to an active conformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	213-217
32599855-0	2020	Role of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor GBF1 in the Replication of RNA Viruses.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
32340447-3	2020	Several potent EPAC1 binders were identified including 25g, 25q, 25n, 25u, 25e, and 25f, which promote EPAC1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	103-108
32227113-3	2020	Using genetic code expansion technologies, we have produced stoichiometric Ser111-phosphorylated Rab8A revealing impaired interactions with its cognate guanine nucleotide exchange factor and GTPase activating protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	152-170	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	97-102
32188698-3	2020	METHODS: We used a proximity-based ligation assay, BioID, to identify guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Cdc42 in immortalized human podocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	120-125
32254022-2	2020	IMPDH1 catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, impacting the cellular pools of GMP, GDP and GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-87	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Mus musculus	0-6
32341385-0	2020	Opposing roles of hematopoietic-specific small GTPase Rac2 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 in osteoclast differentiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	102-106
32341385-1	2020	Vav1 regulates Rac activation as a hematopoietic-specific Rho/Rac-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	0-4
32341385-1	2020	Vav1 regulates Rac activation as a hematopoietic-specific Rho/Rac-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	15-18
32341385-1	2020	Vav1 regulates Rac activation as a hematopoietic-specific Rho/Rac-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	62-65
32339198-8	2020	The 9 bp deletion reported in this study increases the RAC1-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
32322580-3	2020	Rac and Cdc42 are often dysregulated in cancer due to hyperactivation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), belonging to both the diffuse B-cell lymphoma (Dbl) and dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) families.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
32322580-3	2020	Rac and Cdc42 are often dysregulated in cancer due to hyperactivation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), belonging to both the diffuse B-cell lymphoma (Dbl) and dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) families.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	8-13
32322580-3	2020	Rac and Cdc42 are often dysregulated in cancer due to hyperactivation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), belonging to both the diffuse B-cell lymphoma (Dbl) and dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) families.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	164-167
32106676-7	2020	The dual-parametric QTR-FRET technique enables the linking of guanine nucleotide exchange factor-induced Eu3+-GTP association to RAS, monitored at 615 nm, and subsequent Eu3+-GTP-loaded RAS interaction with RAF-RBD-Alexa680 monitored at 730 nm.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	207-210
32049581-3	2020	Previously, we showed that the RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor Solo (ARHGEF40) is required for tensile force-induced RhoA activation and proper organization of keratin-8/keratin-18 (K8/K18) networks.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	ras homolog family member A	Canis lupus familiaris	31-35
32150691-9	2020	Additionally, the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins Galpha12 and Galpha13 were upregulated in asthmatic mice bronchial tissues, and the protein SERCA2 was downregulated; moreover, the proteins NFAT, IRF4, and its downstream signal STAT6 were all upregulated in the asthmatic mice bronchial tissues.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12	Mus musculus	54-62
32150691-9	2020	Additionally, the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins Galpha12 and Galpha13 were upregulated in asthmatic mice bronchial tissues, and the protein SERCA2 was downregulated; moreover, the proteins NFAT, IRF4, and its downstream signal STAT6 were all upregulated in the asthmatic mice bronchial tissues.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 13	Mus musculus	67-75
32251425-2	2020	betaPix (ARHGEF7) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42, which modulate the organization of actin filaments and microtubules.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF7)	Mus musculus	0-7
32251425-2	2020	betaPix (ARHGEF7) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42, which modulate the organization of actin filaments and microtubules.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF7)	Mus musculus	9-16
32251425-2	2020	betaPix (ARHGEF7) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42, which modulate the organization of actin filaments and microtubules.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	80-84
32251425-2	2020	betaPix (ARHGEF7) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42, which modulate the organization of actin filaments and microtubules.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	89-94
31996307-2	2020	In this study, we show the phosphatidic acid (PA)-dependent membrane distribution of RA-GEF-1 and -2 (also known as Rapgef2 and 6), which are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1, plays important roles in lymphocyte migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	85-100
31996307-2	2020	In this study, we show the phosphatidic acid (PA)-dependent membrane distribution of RA-GEF-1 and -2 (also known as Rapgef2 and 6), which are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1, plays important roles in lymphocyte migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	116-129
31996307-2	2020	In this study, we show the phosphatidic acid (PA)-dependent membrane distribution of RA-GEF-1 and -2 (also known as Rapgef2 and 6), which are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1, plays important roles in lymphocyte migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	182-186
32049581-3	2020	Previously, we showed that the RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor Solo (ARHGEF40) is required for tensile force-induced RhoA activation and proper organization of keratin-8/keratin-18 (K8/K18) networks.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 40	Canis lupus familiaris	87-95
32049581-3	2020	Previously, we showed that the RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor Solo (ARHGEF40) is required for tensile force-induced RhoA activation and proper organization of keratin-8/keratin-18 (K8/K18) networks.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	ras homolog family member A	Canis lupus familiaris	135-139
32049581-3	2020	Previously, we showed that the RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor Solo (ARHGEF40) is required for tensile force-induced RhoA activation and proper organization of keratin-8/keratin-18 (K8/K18) networks.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	keratin, type II cytoskeletal 8	Canis lupus familiaris	178-198
32005784-2	2020	The cytosolic DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN 5B (DRP5B/ARC5) is a mechanochemical GTPase involved in binary fission of the chloroplast membrane in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but the dynamics of its interactions with the chloroplast membranes and their regulation by guanine nucleotides and protein effectors remain poorly characterized.	Guanine Nucleotides	268-287	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	14-40
32005784-2	2020	The cytosolic DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN 5B (DRP5B/ARC5) is a mechanochemical GTPase involved in binary fission of the chloroplast membrane in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but the dynamics of its interactions with the chloroplast membranes and their regulation by guanine nucleotides and protein effectors remain poorly characterized.	Guanine Nucleotides	268-287	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	42-47
32005784-2	2020	The cytosolic DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN 5B (DRP5B/ARC5) is a mechanochemical GTPase involved in binary fission of the chloroplast membrane in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but the dynamics of its interactions with the chloroplast membranes and their regulation by guanine nucleotides and protein effectors remain poorly characterized.	Guanine Nucleotides	268-287	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	48-52
31758832-1	2020	BACKGROUND: The small GTPase Rap1 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor, CalDAG-GEFI (CDGI), are critical for platelet function and hemostatic plug formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
32126208-2	2020	Here we show cryoEM structures of Galpha subunit folding intermediates in complex with full-length Ric-8A, a unique chaperone-client system in which substrate release is facilitated by guanine nucleotide binding to the client G protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	185-203	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	34-40
32126208-2	2020	Here we show cryoEM structures of Galpha subunit folding intermediates in complex with full-length Ric-8A, a unique chaperone-client system in which substrate release is facilitated by guanine nucleotide binding to the client G protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	185-203	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	99-105
31992598-5	2020	Here, we investigated four known guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) of Rab35, namely, DENN domain containing 1A (DENND1A), DENND1B, DENND1C, and folliculin (FLCN), and demonstrate that DENND1A and FLCN exhibit distinct requirements for Rab35-dependent PODXL trafficking under the two culture conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Canis lupus familiaris	79-84
31992598-5	2020	Here, we investigated four known guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) of Rab35, namely, DENN domain containing 1A (DENND1A), DENND1B, DENND1C, and folliculin (FLCN), and demonstrate that DENND1A and FLCN exhibit distinct requirements for Rab35-dependent PODXL trafficking under the two culture conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	DENN domain containing 1A	Canis lupus familiaris	121-128
31820785-6	2020	Homology modelling of these revealed that the Gly66 and Arg149 residues are located at the interface between the Galpha11 helical and GTPase domains, which is involved in guanine nucleotide binding, and this is the site of three other reported ADH2 mutations.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	G protein subunit alpha 11	Homo sapiens	113-121
31820785-6	2020	Homology modelling of these revealed that the Gly66 and Arg149 residues are located at the interface between the Galpha11 helical and GTPase domains, which is involved in guanine nucleotide binding, and this is the site of three other reported ADH2 mutations.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide	Homo sapiens	244-248
31980169-3	2020	Aiming to understand how RhoJ is activated, we used a gain of function approach to identify constitutively active Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) able to promote RhoJ-dependent actin-driven membrane protrusions.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	ras homolog family member J	Mus musculus	25-29
31980169-3	2020	Aiming to understand how RhoJ is activated, we used a gain of function approach to identify constitutively active Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) able to promote RhoJ-dependent actin-driven membrane protrusions.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	ras homolog family member J	Mus musculus	180-184
31974114-1	2020	Vav family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are essential regulators of immune function.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
31776761-3	2020	Here, we show that in Caenorhabditis elegans (nematodes), the global sex-determining factor TRA-1 regulates food leaving (mate searching), male mating and adaptation to odorants in a sex-specific manner by repressing the expression of goa-1 gene, which encodes the Galpha(i/o) subunit of heterotrimeric G (guanine-nucleotide binding) proteins triggering physiological responses elicited by diverse neurotransmitters and sensory stimuli.	Guanine Nucleotides	306-324	Sex-determining transformer protein 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	92-97
31776761-3	2020	Here, we show that in Caenorhabditis elegans (nematodes), the global sex-determining factor TRA-1 regulates food leaving (mate searching), male mating and adaptation to odorants in a sex-specific manner by repressing the expression of goa-1 gene, which encodes the Galpha(i/o) subunit of heterotrimeric G (guanine-nucleotide binding) proteins triggering physiological responses elicited by diverse neurotransmitters and sensory stimuli.	Guanine Nucleotides	306-324	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha	Caenorhabditis elegans	235-240
31931138-2	2020	In the current study, we demonstrate that treatment with NSC23766, a selective inhibitor of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Tiam1 and Trio, is sufficient to induce the death of embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived motor neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	146-151
31931138-2	2020	In the current study, we demonstrate that treatment with NSC23766, a selective inhibitor of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Tiam1 and Trio, is sufficient to induce the death of embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived motor neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting)	Mus musculus	156-160
31758832-1	2020	BACKGROUND: The small GTPase Rap1 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor, CalDAG-GEFI (CDGI), are critical for platelet function and hemostatic plug formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	78-89
31758832-1	2020	BACKGROUND: The small GTPase Rap1 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor, CalDAG-GEFI (CDGI), are critical for platelet function and hemostatic plug formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	91-95
32048687-3	2020	Translocation of the fused wildtype Rac1 effector permits its activation by GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) and consequent actin polymerization and lamellipodia formation, unlike in existing single-chain systems that operate by allosteric photo-switching of constitutively active Rac1 or the heterodimerization-based (i.e. two-component) membrane recruitment of a Rac1-activating GEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
32120817-3	2020	Rap1 GTPases are ubiquitously expressed binary switches that alternate between active and inactive states and are regulated by diverse families of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	147-165	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
31887652-4	2020	The Ras protein activator like 3 (RASAL3), Ras GTPase activating protein 3 (RASA3), Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors 1 beta (RasGEF1B) were discovered by the 2-DE and mass spectrometry in bovine CLs, and the protein spots of RASA3 and RASAL3 were significantly increased in the SPCL compared to the PPCL, whereas the RasGEF1B was reduced in the PPCL (P < 0.05).	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	RasGEF domain family member 1B	Bos taurus	132-140
31970984-1	2020	Grb2 is an adaptor protein that recruits Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Son of Sevenless 1 (SOS1), to the plasma membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
31836389-5	2020	Addition of the drug ISRIB, an activator of the eIF2 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, rescues the cell growth, translation, and neuronal differentiation defects associated with the EIF2S3 mutation, offering the possibility of therapeutic intervention for MEHMO syndrome.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	48-52
31970984-1	2020	Grb2 is an adaptor protein that recruits Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Son of Sevenless 1 (SOS1), to the plasma membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-108
31970984-1	2020	Grb2 is an adaptor protein that recruits Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Son of Sevenless 1 (SOS1), to the plasma membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
31978045-5	2020	Indeed, optogenetic recruitment of constitutively active Cdc42 leads to co-recruitment of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Scd1 and endogenous Cdc42, in a manner dependent on the scaffold protein Scd2.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-62
32041177-1	2020	RasGRP2 is calcium and diacylglycerol-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor I that activates Rap1, which is an essential signaling-knot in "inside-out" alphaIIbbeta3 integrin activation in platelets.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-7
32041177-1	2020	RasGRP2 is calcium and diacylglycerol-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor I that activates Rap1, which is an essential signaling-knot in "inside-out" alphaIIbbeta3 integrin activation in platelets.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	100-104
32079227-0	2020	The Rho/Rac Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Vav1 Regulates Hif-1alpha and Glut-1 Expression and Glucose Uptake in the Brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	62-72
32079227-0	2020	The Rho/Rac Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Vav1 Regulates Hif-1alpha and Glut-1 Expression and Glucose Uptake in the Brain.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	77-83
32049026-2	2020	Among the multitude of gephyrin-binding proteins is IQSEC3, a recently identified component at GABAergic synapses that acts through its ADP ribosylation factor-guanine nucleotide exchange factor (ARF-GEF) activity to orchestrate GABAergic synapse formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	gephyrin	Mus musculus	23-31
32049026-2	2020	Among the multitude of gephyrin-binding proteins is IQSEC3, a recently identified component at GABAergic synapses that acts through its ADP ribosylation factor-guanine nucleotide exchange factor (ARF-GEF) activity to orchestrate GABAergic synapse formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	IQ motif and Sec7 domain 3	Mus musculus	52-58
31600844-5	2020	Negative candidate screening of known nuclear genes associated with PEO prompted diagnostic exome sequencing, leading to the prioritisation of a novel heterozygous c.547G>C variant in GMPR (NM_006877.3) encoding guanosine monophosphate reductase, a cytosolic enzyme required for maintaining the cellular balance of adenine and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	327-346	guanosine monophosphate reductase	Homo sapiens	184-188
31802643-3	2020	Opsin3 (OPN3), a member of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptor superfamily, has been identified to affect the apoptosis of hepatoma cells by modulating the phosphorylation of Akt and Bcl2/Bax.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	opsin 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
31802643-3	2020	Opsin3 (OPN3), a member of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptor superfamily, has been identified to affect the apoptosis of hepatoma cells by modulating the phosphorylation of Akt and Bcl2/Bax.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	opsin 3	Homo sapiens	8-12
31802643-3	2020	Opsin3 (OPN3), a member of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptor superfamily, has been identified to affect the apoptosis of hepatoma cells by modulating the phosphorylation of Akt and Bcl2/Bax.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	195-198
31999252-5	2020	The structures define the mechanism of filament assembly, and reveal how filament-dependent allosteric regulation of IMPDH2 makes the enzyme less sensitive to feedback inhibition, explaining why assembly occurs under physiological conditions that require expansion of guanine nucleotide pools.	Guanine Nucleotides	268-286	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	117-123
32012800-3	2020	The transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-4 plays multiple roles in signal transduction processes, such as regulating the activity of the small GTPase Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) by binding and inhibiting the activity of Tiam1 (T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	305-323	syndecan 4	Mus musculus	47-57
32012800-3	2020	The transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-4 plays multiple roles in signal transduction processes, such as regulating the activity of the small GTPase Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) by binding and inhibiting the activity of Tiam1 (T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	305-323	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	165-169
32012800-3	2020	The transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-4 plays multiple roles in signal transduction processes, such as regulating the activity of the small GTPase Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) by binding and inhibiting the activity of Tiam1 (T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	305-323	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	171-213
31898405-3	2020	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma-12 (GNG12) belongs to the G protein family, and participates in the modulation of the inflammatory signaling cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	G protein subunit gamma 12	Homo sapiens	53-58
31906585-6	2020	Strikingly, low monocytic guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10-like protein (ARHGEF10L) mRNA expression was associated with the disease severity and mortality of ICU patients.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 like	Homo sapiens	78-87
31704028-5	2019	When binding to its agonist glycine or D-serine, GluD1 elicits non-ionotropic postsynaptic signaling involving the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF12 and the regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 PPP1R12A.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	glutamate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	49-54
31646525-3	2020	Calcium influx into the postsynaptic neuron via: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors activates small GTPase Rac1 and other Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and stimulates calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase (CaMKK) and CaMKI; alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors that are not impermeable to calcium ions, that is, those lacking the glutamate receptor-2 subunits, leads to activation of Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor proteins, which is coupled with activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinases signaling cascade; L-type voltage-gated calcium channels activates signaling pathways involving CaMKII, downstream responsive element antagonist modulator and distinct microdomains.	Guanine Nucleotides	429-447	calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 2	Homo sapiens	181-215
32958726-3	2020	Sec12p is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Sar1p, which initiates COPII vesicle budding from the ER.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	Sar family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC12	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-6
32958726-3	2020	Sec12p is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Sar1p, which initiates COPII vesicle budding from the ER.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	Arf family GTPase SAR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	51-56
32115558-4	2020	DOCK11 was identified as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for a small GTPase called cell division cycle 42.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	dedicator of cytokinesis 11	Mus musculus	0-6
31794024-2	2020	TRAPPC4, like its yeast Trs23 orthologue, is a core component of the TRAPP complexes and one of the essential subunits for guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity for Rab1 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	trafficking protein particle complex subunit 4	Homo sapiens	0-7
31794024-2	2020	TRAPPC4, like its yeast Trs23 orthologue, is a core component of the TRAPP complexes and one of the essential subunits for guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity for Rab1 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	TRAPP subunit TRS23	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-29
31689507-9	2020	Both the compounds were found to elevate and activate the Guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G, which is a regulator of differentiation in IMR-32 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
31569197-7	2020	Furthermore, there was decreased binding of [35S]guanosine-5*-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) ([35S] GTPgammaS) and the guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein Galphai2 subunit in the EtOH-exposed animals.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 2	Mus musculus	150-158
31548614-4	2020	Among the identified genes shared by the two cell types are proto-oncogenes ERK2, a component of the ERK/MAPK pathway, and VAV1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho family GTPases that also activates the ERK/MAPK pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
31548614-4	2020	Among the identified genes shared by the two cell types are proto-oncogenes ERK2, a component of the ERK/MAPK pathway, and VAV1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho family GTPases that also activates the ERK/MAPK pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	217-221
31704028-5	2019	When binding to its agonist glycine or D-serine, GluD1 elicits non-ionotropic postsynaptic signaling involving the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF12 and the regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 PPP1R12A.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	150-158
31145635-6	2019	The oncogene ECT2 (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases, was highly enriched in both IPF and non-small cell lung cancer compared with nondiseased controls.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
31817822-1	2019	Signalling by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) occurs via various effector proteins, notably protein kinase A and the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Epac1 and Epac2.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	159-164
31817822-1	2019	Signalling by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) occurs via various effector proteins, notably protein kinase A and the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Epac1 and Epac2.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	169-174
31145635-6	2019	The oncogene ECT2 (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases, was highly enriched in both IPF and non-small cell lung cancer compared with nondiseased controls.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	19-58
31300985-3	2019	Rac1 activation is regulated by guanine exchange factors and guanine nucleotide-dissociation inhibitors, and post-translational modifications assist in its association with exchange factors and dissociation inhibitors.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
31163262-0	2019	Expression of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, RAPGEF5, during mouse and human embryogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 5	Mus musculus	54-61
31539530-1	2019	ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3) is a member of the KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase(Ras) super-family of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that mediates Golgi-related mitosis, but its role in malignant cells is unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-25
31300985-14	2019	The binding of Rac1 with guanine nucleotide-dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is decreased, but its association with the guanine exchange factor, Vav2, is increased, resulting in Rac1 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
31832018-1	2019	Background: Switch-associated protein 70 (SWAP-70) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement and regulation of migration and invasion of malignant tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	switching B cell complex subunit SWAP70	Homo sapiens	12-40
31832018-1	2019	Background: Switch-associated protein 70 (SWAP-70) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement and regulation of migration and invasion of malignant tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	switching B cell complex subunit SWAP70	Homo sapiens	42-49
31624147-0	2019	Large-scale conformational rearrangement of the alpha5-helix of Galpha subunits in complex with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ric8A.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-70
31624147-0	2019	Large-scale conformational rearrangement of the alpha5-helix of Galpha subunits in complex with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ric8A.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	135-140
31624147-1	2019	Resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric8A) protein is an important GPCR-independent regulator of G protein alpha-subunits (Galpha), acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and a chaperone.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	0-45
31624147-1	2019	Resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric8A) protein is an important GPCR-independent regulator of G protein alpha-subunits (Galpha), acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and a chaperone.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	47-52
31624147-1	2019	Resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric8A) protein is an important GPCR-independent regulator of G protein alpha-subunits (Galpha), acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and a chaperone.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	134-140
31624147-1	2019	Resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric8A) protein is an important GPCR-independent regulator of G protein alpha-subunits (Galpha), acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and a chaperone.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	191-194
31539530-1	2019	ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3) is a member of the KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase(Ras) super-family of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that mediates Golgi-related mitosis, but its role in malignant cells is unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	27-31
31539530-1	2019	ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3) is a member of the KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase(Ras) super-family of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that mediates Golgi-related mitosis, but its role in malignant cells is unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	52-56
31549965-3	2019	Here, we show that small arteries from mice with smooth muscle-specific loss of G12/G13 or the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF12 have lost myogenic vasoconstriction.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 12	Mus musculus	134-142
31607425-3	2019	IQSEC1-3 encode guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase ARF6 and their loss affects a variety of actin-dependent cellular processes, including AMPA receptor trafficking at synapses.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	IQ motif and Sec7 domain 1	Mus musculus	0-6
31607425-3	2019	IQSEC1-3 encode guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase ARF6 and their loss affects a variety of actin-dependent cellular processes, including AMPA receptor trafficking at synapses.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	73-77
31607425-3	2019	IQSEC1-3 encode guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase ARF6 and their loss affects a variety of actin-dependent cellular processes, including AMPA receptor trafficking at synapses.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	Actin 79B	Drosophila melanogaster	114-119
31620201-1	2019	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor T (GEFT), a member of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor family, is expressed in a variety of tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 25	Homo sapiens	0-36
31620201-1	2019	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor T (GEFT), a member of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor family, is expressed in a variety of tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 25	Homo sapiens	38-42
31490066-1	2019	Dbl family Rho Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) play a central role in cell biology by catalyzing the exchange of GTP for GDP on RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	142-146
32109988-4	2019	Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was carried out to study the effect of Ado on the expression of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) in the subcutaneous xenografts.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) gamma	Mus musculus	149-156
31408726-4	2019	Studies have also demonstrated that in addition to its role in repairing oxidized purines, OGG1 has guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity when bound to 8-oxoG.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	8-oxoguanine DNA-glycosylase 1	Mus musculus	91-95
31197859-9	2019	In addition, guanine nucleotide exchange assays also substantiate that the designed SH3-targeted peptiods can effectively enhance TIM-catalyzed RhoA exchange activity (EA), which is observed to present an exponential relationship with the measured SH3-peptoid binding affinity (pKd ).	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	130-133
31197859-9	2019	In addition, guanine nucleotide exchange assays also substantiate that the designed SH3-targeted peptiods can effectively enhance TIM-catalyzed RhoA exchange activity (EA), which is observed to present an exponential relationship with the measured SH3-peptoid binding affinity (pKd ).	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	144-148
31197859-9	2019	In addition, guanine nucleotide exchange assays also substantiate that the designed SH3-targeted peptiods can effectively enhance TIM-catalyzed RhoA exchange activity (EA), which is observed to present an exponential relationship with the measured SH3-peptoid binding affinity (pKd ).	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	278-281
31695683-3	2019	cAMP is able to trigger various downstream pathways, mainly the canonical PKA pathway and the non-canonical cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factor (EPAC) pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	159-163
31594549-3	2019	The C9orf72 protein itself plays a role in vesicular transport, serving as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that regulates GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	C9orf72-SMCR8 complex subunit	Homo sapiens	4-11
31432619-1	2019	Rab and Arl guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins regulate trafficking pathways essential for the formation, function and composition of primary cilia, which are sensory devices associated with Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling and ciliopathies.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	sonic hedgehog signaling molecule	Homo sapiens	196-210
31432619-1	2019	Rab and Arl guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins regulate trafficking pathways essential for the formation, function and composition of primary cilia, which are sensory devices associated with Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling and ciliopathies.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	sonic hedgehog signaling molecule	Homo sapiens	212-215
31575075-3	2019	We confirm that DDX3X nuclear export is mediated by the nuclear transporter exportin-1/CRM1, dependent on an N-terminal, leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and the monomeric guanine nucleotide binding protein Ran in activated GTP-bound form.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked	Homo sapiens	16-21
31575075-3	2019	We confirm that DDX3X nuclear export is mediated by the nuclear transporter exportin-1/CRM1, dependent on an N-terminal, leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and the monomeric guanine nucleotide binding protein Ran in activated GTP-bound form.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	exportin 1	Homo sapiens	76-86
31575075-3	2019	We confirm that DDX3X nuclear export is mediated by the nuclear transporter exportin-1/CRM1, dependent on an N-terminal, leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and the monomeric guanine nucleotide binding protein Ran in activated GTP-bound form.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	exportin 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
31575075-3	2019	We confirm that DDX3X nuclear export is mediated by the nuclear transporter exportin-1/CRM1, dependent on an N-terminal, leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and the monomeric guanine nucleotide binding protein Ran in activated GTP-bound form.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	215-218
31270230-9	2019	In this work, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1, relevant for COPI/Arf1-mediated cellular vesicular transport, participates in the replication cycle of the virus, influencing the correct processing of viral glycoproteins VP7 and NSP4 and the assembly of the virus surface proteins VP7 and VP4.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
31416932-4	2019	GPR139 is coexpressed with MOR in opioid-sensitive brain circuits, binds to MOR, and inhibits signaling to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	G protein-coupled receptor 139	Mus musculus	0-6
31270230-9	2019	In this work, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1, relevant for COPI/Arf1-mediated cellular vesicular transport, participates in the replication cycle of the virus, influencing the correct processing of viral glycoproteins VP7 and NSP4 and the assembly of the virus surface proteins VP7 and VP4.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
31270230-9	2019	In this work, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1, relevant for COPI/Arf1-mediated cellular vesicular transport, participates in the replication cycle of the virus, influencing the correct processing of viral glycoproteins VP7 and NSP4 and the assembly of the virus surface proteins VP7 and VP4.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	VP7	Rotavirus A	244-247
31270230-9	2019	In this work, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1, relevant for COPI/Arf1-mediated cellular vesicular transport, participates in the replication cycle of the virus, influencing the correct processing of viral glycoproteins VP7 and NSP4 and the assembly of the virus surface proteins VP7 and VP4.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	serine protease 57	Homo sapiens	252-256
31270230-9	2019	In this work, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1, relevant for COPI/Arf1-mediated cellular vesicular transport, participates in the replication cycle of the virus, influencing the correct processing of viral glycoproteins VP7 and NSP4 and the assembly of the virus surface proteins VP7 and VP4.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	VP7	Rotavirus A	304-307
31243195-6	2019	Gene expression levels of both Rac1 and Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Tiam1 and Trio, were increased in BSMs of Chal.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	96-101
31362179-1	2019	BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The physiological role of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) in vascular remodeling remains unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	103-109
31723719-1	2019	Genome-wide association studies identified loci associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including those near the LH receptor gene (LHCGR), a clathrin-binding protein (DENND1A) that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and the gene encoding RAB5B, a GTPase involved in vesicular trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	123-134
31723719-1	2019	Genome-wide association studies identified loci associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including those near the LH receptor gene (LHCGR), a clathrin-binding protein (DENND1A) that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and the gene encoding RAB5B, a GTPase involved in vesicular trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	141-146
31723719-1	2019	Genome-wide association studies identified loci associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including those near the LH receptor gene (LHCGR), a clathrin-binding protein (DENND1A) that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and the gene encoding RAB5B, a GTPase involved in vesicular trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	DENN domain containing 1A	Homo sapiens	177-184
31723719-1	2019	Genome-wide association studies identified loci associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including those near the LH receptor gene (LHCGR), a clathrin-binding protein (DENND1A) that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and the gene encoding RAB5B, a GTPase involved in vesicular trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	RAB5B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	264-269
31243195-6	2019	Gene expression levels of both Rac1 and Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Tiam1 and Trio, were increased in BSMs of Chal.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting)	Mus musculus	106-110
31089935-3	2019	Rho GTPase-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) are regulated by various extracellular stimuli and activates Rho GTPase such as RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	146-150
31089935-3	2019	Rho GTPase-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) are regulated by various extracellular stimuli and activates Rho GTPase such as RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
31089935-3	2019	Rho GTPase-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) are regulated by various extracellular stimuli and activates Rho GTPase such as RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	162-167
28489964-1	2019	PLEKHG2 is a Gbetagamma- and Galphas-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1 and Cdc42 small GTPases and has been shown to mediate signaling pathways such as those for actin cytoskeletal reorganization and serum response element (SRE)-dependent gene transcription.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	pleckstrin homology and RhoGEF domain containing G2	Homo sapiens	0-7
31402636-1	2019	betaPix is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho family small GTPases, Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF7)	Mus musculus	0-7
31402636-1	2019	betaPix is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho family small GTPases, Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	82-86
31402636-1	2019	betaPix is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho family small GTPases, Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	91-96
28489964-1	2019	PLEKHG2 is a Gbetagamma- and Galphas-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1 and Cdc42 small GTPases and has been shown to mediate signaling pathways such as those for actin cytoskeletal reorganization and serum response element (SRE)-dependent gene transcription.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
28489964-1	2019	PLEKHG2 is a Gbetagamma- and Galphas-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1 and Cdc42 small GTPases and has been shown to mediate signaling pathways such as those for actin cytoskeletal reorganization and serum response element (SRE)-dependent gene transcription.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	95-100
31431179-4	2019	First, we consider how forces exerted on cell adhesion molecules at the cell surface regulate the RhoA signalling pathway by controlling the activities of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	98-102
31431650-0	2019	Two Isoforms of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, Daple/CCDC88C Cooperate as Tumor Suppressors.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	coiled-coil domain containing 88C	Homo sapiens	56-61
31431650-0	2019	Two Isoforms of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, Daple/CCDC88C Cooperate as Tumor Suppressors.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	coiled-coil domain containing 88C	Homo sapiens	62-69
31296556-2	2019	Here, we found that Parcas (Pcs), recently shown to have guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward Rab11, co-localizes with Rab11 on the trans-side of Golgi units and post-Golgi vesicles at the base of the rhabdomeres in pupal photoreceptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	parcas	Drosophila melanogaster	20-26
31182637-11	2019	Here we show, using a combination of molecular, pharmacological, and lentiviral techniques, that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RasGRF2 mediates cocaine self-administration via an ERK-dependent mechanism, whereas RasGRF1 has no effect on responding for cocaine.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2	Mus musculus	136-143
31296556-2	2019	Here, we found that Parcas (Pcs), recently shown to have guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward Rab11, co-localizes with Rab11 on the trans-side of Golgi units and post-Golgi vesicles at the base of the rhabdomeres in pupal photoreceptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	parcas	Drosophila melanogaster	28-31
31182637-11	2019	Here we show, using a combination of molecular, pharmacological, and lentiviral techniques, that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RasGRF2 mediates cocaine self-administration via an ERK-dependent mechanism, whereas RasGRF1 has no effect on responding for cocaine.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	188-191
31296556-2	2019	Here, we found that Parcas (Pcs), recently shown to have guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward Rab11, co-localizes with Rab11 on the trans-side of Golgi units and post-Golgi vesicles at the base of the rhabdomeres in pupal photoreceptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	PDZ domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Drosophila melanogaster	86-89
31296556-2	2019	Here, we found that Parcas (Pcs), recently shown to have guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward Rab11, co-localizes with Rab11 on the trans-side of Golgi units and post-Golgi vesicles at the base of the rhabdomeres in pupal photoreceptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	Rab11	Drosophila melanogaster	107-112
31296556-2	2019	Here, we found that Parcas (Pcs), recently shown to have guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward Rab11, co-localizes with Rab11 on the trans-side of Golgi units and post-Golgi vesicles at the base of the rhabdomeres in pupal photoreceptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	Rab11	Drosophila melanogaster	132-137
30976111-1	2019	The DOCK3 gene encodes the Dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (DOCK3) protein, which belongs to the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and is expressed almost exclusively in the brain and spinal cord.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	dedicator of cytokinesis 3	Homo sapiens	4-9
31197034-3	2019	Initially, SmgGDS proteins were classified as guanine nucleotide exchange factors, but recent findings suggest that SmgGDS proteins also regulate prenylation of small GTPases in vivo in a substrate-selective manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	11-17
31428611-1	2019	Monensin Sensitive 1 (Mon1) is a component of the Mon1:Ccz1 complex that mediates Rab5 to Rab7 conversion in eukaryotic cells by serving as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab7 during vesicular trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	Caffeine, calcium, zinc sensitivity 1	Drosophila melanogaster	55-59
31428611-1	2019	Monensin Sensitive 1 (Mon1) is a component of the Mon1:Ccz1 complex that mediates Rab5 to Rab7 conversion in eukaryotic cells by serving as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab7 during vesicular trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	Rab5	Drosophila melanogaster	82-86
31428611-1	2019	Monensin Sensitive 1 (Mon1) is a component of the Mon1:Ccz1 complex that mediates Rab5 to Rab7 conversion in eukaryotic cells by serving as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab7 during vesicular trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	Rab7	Drosophila melanogaster	90-94
31428611-1	2019	Monensin Sensitive 1 (Mon1) is a component of the Mon1:Ccz1 complex that mediates Rab5 to Rab7 conversion in eukaryotic cells by serving as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab7 during vesicular trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	Rab7	Drosophila melanogaster	181-185
30976111-1	2019	The DOCK3 gene encodes the Dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (DOCK3) protein, which belongs to the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and is expressed almost exclusively in the brain and spinal cord.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	dedicator of cytokinesis 3	Homo sapiens	27-53
30976111-1	2019	The DOCK3 gene encodes the Dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (DOCK3) protein, which belongs to the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and is expressed almost exclusively in the brain and spinal cord.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	dedicator of cytokinesis 3	Homo sapiens	55-60
31371825-3	2019	Here we show that IMP dehydrogenase-2 (IMPDH2), the rate-limiting enzyme for de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, is overexpressed in the highly lethal brain cancer glioblastoma.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	18-37
30536836-1	2019	Son of sevenless (SOS) is one of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors that can regulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated kinase signal pathway via controlling the activation of Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
31371825-3	2019	Here we show that IMP dehydrogenase-2 (IMPDH2), the rate-limiting enzyme for de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, is overexpressed in the highly lethal brain cancer glioblastoma.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	39-45
31308374-4	2019	Mechanistically, we identify the small GTPase RAB11 as an interactor of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DEF6, and find disrupted binding of mutant DEF6 to RAB11 as well as reduced RAB11+CTLA-4+ vesicles in DEF6-mutated cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	46-51
31337738-5	2019	Classical p38 signals were reduced after T cell-specific deletion of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Sos1 and Sos2, which are essential LAT signalosome components.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	10-13
31337738-5	2019	Classical p38 signals were reduced after T cell-specific deletion of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Sos1 and Sos2, which are essential LAT signalosome components.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	109-113
31337738-5	2019	Classical p38 signals were reduced after T cell-specific deletion of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Sos1 and Sos2, which are essential LAT signalosome components.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Mus musculus	118-122
31337738-5	2019	Classical p38 signals were reduced after T cell-specific deletion of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Sos1 and Sos2, which are essential LAT signalosome components.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	linker for activation of T cells	Mus musculus	144-147
31308374-4	2019	Mechanistically, we identify the small GTPase RAB11 as an interactor of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DEF6, and find disrupted binding of mutant DEF6 to RAB11 as well as reduced RAB11+CTLA-4+ vesicles in DEF6-mutated cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	111-115
31308374-4	2019	Mechanistically, we identify the small GTPase RAB11 as an interactor of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DEF6, and find disrupted binding of mutant DEF6 to RAB11 as well as reduced RAB11+CTLA-4+ vesicles in DEF6-mutated cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4	Homo sapiens	193-199
31059774-1	2019	EPAC2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that regulates GTPase activity of the small GTPase Rap and Ras and is highly enriched at synapses.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 4	Mus musculus	0-5
31059774-1	2019	EPAC2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that regulates GTPase activity of the small GTPase Rap and Ras and is highly enriched at synapses.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	97-100
30853411-1	2019	The Dedicator Of CytoKinesis (DOCK) family of atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factors activates the Rho family GTPases Rac and/or Cdc42 through DOCK homology region 2 (DHR-2).	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	124-127
31017840-3	2019	Recently, an alternative paradigm for cAMP signaling has emerged in which growth factor-receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs; e.g., EGFR) access and modulate G proteins via a cytosolic guanine-nucleotide exchange modulator (GEM), GIV/girdin; dysregulation of this pathway is frequently encountered in cancers.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	127-131
31017840-3	2019	Recently, an alternative paradigm for cAMP signaling has emerged in which growth factor-receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs; e.g., EGFR) access and modulate G proteins via a cytosolic guanine-nucleotide exchange modulator (GEM), GIV/girdin; dysregulation of this pathway is frequently encountered in cancers.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	225-228
31017840-3	2019	Recently, an alternative paradigm for cAMP signaling has emerged in which growth factor-receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs; e.g., EGFR) access and modulate G proteins via a cytosolic guanine-nucleotide exchange modulator (GEM), GIV/girdin; dysregulation of this pathway is frequently encountered in cancers.	Guanine Nucleotides	180-198	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	229-235
30943106-0	2019	Promiscuity of the catalytic Sec7 domain within the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 in ARF activation, Golgi homeostasis, and effector recruitment.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
30943106-0	2019	Promiscuity of the catalytic Sec7 domain within the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 in ARF activation, Golgi homeostasis, and effector recruitment.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
30943106-1	2019	The integrity of the Golgi and trans-Golgi network (TGN) is disrupted by brefeldin A (BFA), which inhibits the Golgi-localized BFA-sensitive factor (GBF1) and brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (BIG1 and BIG2).	Guanine Nucleotides	181-199	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
30994039-2	2019	These small GTP ases are themselves regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as Arhgefs, several of which are found in platelets, including the highly expressed Arhgef1.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	174-181
31239323-3	2019	Exposure to MeHg at 10 ppm did not induce weight loss typical of higher doses but caused mitochondrial hyperfission in myocardium through the activation of Drp1 by its guanine nucleotide exchange factor filamin-A.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	156-160
31239323-3	2019	Exposure to MeHg at 10 ppm did not induce weight loss typical of higher doses but caused mitochondrial hyperfission in myocardium through the activation of Drp1 by its guanine nucleotide exchange factor filamin-A.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	filamin, alpha	Mus musculus	203-212
30952657-4	2019	Biochemical and structural studies demonstrated that KRASA146T exhibits a marked extension of switch 1 away from the protein body and nucleotide binding site, which activates KRAS by promoting a high rate of intrinsic and guanine nucleotide exchange factor-induced nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	222-240	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	53-57
31097607-3	2019	Nephrin signals from the podocyte slit diaphragm to the Actin cytoskeleton by recruiting proteins that can interact with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	NPHS1 adhesion molecule, nephrin	Homo sapiens	0-7
31097607-3	2019	Nephrin signals from the podocyte slit diaphragm to the Actin cytoskeleton by recruiting proteins that can interact with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	Actin 79B	Drosophila melanogaster	56-61
31097607-3	2019	Nephrin signals from the podocyte slit diaphragm to the Actin cytoskeleton by recruiting proteins that can interact with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	C3G guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Drosophila melanogaster	121-124
31097607-3	2019	Nephrin signals from the podocyte slit diaphragm to the Actin cytoskeleton by recruiting proteins that can interact with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	Rap1 GTPase	Drosophila melanogaster	183-187
31095630-0	2019	Mice lacking EFA6C/Psd2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf6, exhibit lower Purkinje cell synaptic density but normal cerebellar motor functions.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 2	Mus musculus	13-18
31095630-0	2019	Mice lacking EFA6C/Psd2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf6, exhibit lower Purkinje cell synaptic density but normal cerebellar motor functions.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 2	Mus musculus	19-23
31095630-0	2019	Mice lacking EFA6C/Psd2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf6, exhibit lower Purkinje cell synaptic density but normal cerebellar motor functions.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	66-70
31095630-2	2019	EFA6C, also known as Psd2, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf6 that is preferentially expressed in the cerebellar cortex of adult mice, particularly in Purkinje cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 2	Mus musculus	0-5
31095630-2	2019	EFA6C, also known as Psd2, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf6 that is preferentially expressed in the cerebellar cortex of adult mice, particularly in Purkinje cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 2	Mus musculus	21-25
31095630-2	2019	EFA6C, also known as Psd2, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf6 that is preferentially expressed in the cerebellar cortex of adult mice, particularly in Purkinje cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	71-75
31010897-2	2019	Her work has shown that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dock8 plays a role in the migration of a specific dendritic cell subset, and that when Dock8 is missing, some dendritic cells can no longer prime CD4+ T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	dedicator of cytokinesis 8	Homo sapiens	63-68
31010897-2	2019	Her work has shown that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dock8 plays a role in the migration of a specific dendritic cell subset, and that when Dock8 is missing, some dendritic cells can no longer prime CD4+ T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	209-212
30853411-1	2019	The Dedicator Of CytoKinesis (DOCK) family of atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factors activates the Rho family GTPases Rac and/or Cdc42 through DOCK homology region 2 (DHR-2).	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	135-140
31068077-5	2019	Muk1, one of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rab5 GTPases, was found to be a physiologically relevant Ypk1 substrate; and, genetic analysis indicates that Ypk1-mediated phosphorylation activates the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Muk1.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	guanine nucleotide exchange factor MUK1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
30771381-1	2019	DENN (differentially expressed in normal cells and neoplasia) domain-containing proteins are a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rab small GTPases and coordinate a plethora of intracellular membrane trafficking events.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	0-4
30884041-1	2019	BACKGROUND: The DENND1A has been identified as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPase Rab35, which functions in endocytic trafficking to mediate the recycling of selective cargos.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	DENN/MADD domain containing 1A	Mus musculus	16-23
31068077-5	2019	Muk1, one of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rab5 GTPases, was found to be a physiologically relevant Ypk1 substrate; and, genetic analysis indicates that Ypk1-mediated phosphorylation activates the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Muk1.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	serine/threonine protein kinase YPK1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	118-122
31068077-5	2019	Muk1, one of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rab5 GTPases, was found to be a physiologically relevant Ypk1 substrate; and, genetic analysis indicates that Ypk1-mediated phosphorylation activates the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Muk1.	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	guanine nucleotide exchange factor MUK1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
31068077-5	2019	Muk1, one of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rab5 GTPases, was found to be a physiologically relevant Ypk1 substrate; and, genetic analysis indicates that Ypk1-mediated phosphorylation activates the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Muk1.	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	serine/threonine protein kinase YPK1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	118-122
31068077-5	2019	Muk1, one of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rab5 GTPases, was found to be a physiologically relevant Ypk1 substrate; and, genetic analysis indicates that Ypk1-mediated phosphorylation activates the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Muk1.	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	serine/threonine protein kinase YPK1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	171-175
30668924-7	2019	The Ras homolog gene family member G (RhoG) guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ephexin4 interacts with EphA2 in a Ser897 phosphorylation-dependent manner, and its knockdown delays M-phase progression and causes RhoG delocalization.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	38-42
30858281-5	2019	Moreover, Cideb binds to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec12 to enrich SCAP/SREBP at ER exit sites, where assembling of COPII complex initiates.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	cell death inducing DFFA like effector b	Homo sapiens	10-15
30858281-5	2019	Moreover, Cideb binds to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec12 to enrich SCAP/SREBP at ER exit sites, where assembling of COPII complex initiates.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	prolactin regulatory element binding	Homo sapiens	64-69
30858281-5	2019	Moreover, Cideb binds to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec12 to enrich SCAP/SREBP at ER exit sites, where assembling of COPII complex initiates.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	SREBF chaperone	Homo sapiens	80-84
30599141-10	2019	In summary, we describe here a signaling module where Rab27A-GTP interacts with Rabphilin3a, which in turn recruits a guanine nucleotide-exchange activity toward Rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	54-60
30599141-10	2019	In summary, we describe here a signaling module where Rab27A-GTP interacts with Rabphilin3a, which in turn recruits a guanine nucleotide-exchange activity toward Rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	rabphilin 3A	Homo sapiens	80-91
30599141-10	2019	In summary, we describe here a signaling module where Rab27A-GTP interacts with Rabphilin3a, which in turn recruits a guanine nucleotide-exchange activity toward Rab3A.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	162-167
30780079-0	2019	Cooperative energetic effects elicited by the yeast Shwachman-Diamond syndrome protein (Sdo1) and guanine nucleotides modulate the complex conformational landscape of the elongation factor-like 1 (Efl1) GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-117	GTPase RIA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	171-195
30780079-0	2019	Cooperative energetic effects elicited by the yeast Shwachman-Diamond syndrome protein (Sdo1) and guanine nucleotides modulate the complex conformational landscape of the elongation factor-like 1 (Efl1) GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-117	GTPase RIA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	197-201
30668141-5	2019	Interestingly, CHD4, an intact ATPase subunit of leukemic NuRD, coimmunoprecipitates and participates with H3K27Me3/2-demethylase KDM6A to induce expression of atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factors, dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) 5 and 8 (DOCK5/8), promoting Rac GTPase signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	169-187	chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	15-19
30668141-5	2019	Interestingly, CHD4, an intact ATPase subunit of leukemic NuRD, coimmunoprecipitates and participates with H3K27Me3/2-demethylase KDM6A to induce expression of atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factors, dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) 5 and 8 (DOCK5/8), promoting Rac GTPase signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	169-187	lysine demethylase 6A	Homo sapiens	130-135
30668924-7	2019	The Ras homolog gene family member G (RhoG) guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ephexin4 interacts with EphA2 in a Ser897 phosphorylation-dependent manner, and its knockdown delays M-phase progression and causes RhoG delocalization.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 16	Homo sapiens	79-87
30668924-7	2019	The Ras homolog gene family member G (RhoG) guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ephexin4 interacts with EphA2 in a Ser897 phosphorylation-dependent manner, and its knockdown delays M-phase progression and causes RhoG delocalization.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	EPH receptor A2	Homo sapiens	103-108
30668924-7	2019	The Ras homolog gene family member G (RhoG) guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ephexin4 interacts with EphA2 in a Ser897 phosphorylation-dependent manner, and its knockdown delays M-phase progression and causes RhoG delocalization.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	211-215
30787359-7	2019	Consistent with these findings, cell-based measurements of cdc42 activity revealed that PKA activation inhibits EC cdc42 activity, at least in part, by promoting its interaction with the inhibitory regulator, guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-alpha (RhoGDIalpha).	Guanine Nucleotides	209-227	Cdc42	Drosophila melanogaster	59-64
30590147-2	2019	Both eEF1Balpha and eEF1Bbeta ensure the guanine nucleotide exchange on eEF1A while eEF1Bgamma is thought to have a structural role.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	72-77
30590147-2	2019	Both eEF1Balpha and eEF1Bbeta ensure the guanine nucleotide exchange on eEF1A while eEF1Bgamma is thought to have a structural role.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	5-9
30066307-6	2019	It is well established that Rac1 activation is regulated by a variety of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), so we tried to find out whether GEFs were involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of Compound 21.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	28-32
30822413-5	2019	This interaction was critically mediated by the redox-switch domain of RHsp33 and the guanine nucleotide-binding domain of EF-Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	123-128
30269419-5	2019	The SNS also modulates the levels of postsynaptic membrane acetylcholine receptor by regulating the Galphai2 -Hdac4-Myogenin-MuRF1pathway, which is prevented by the overexpression of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Galphai2 (Q205L), a constitutively active mutant G protein subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 2	Mus musculus	100-108
30269419-5	2019	The SNS also modulates the levels of postsynaptic membrane acetylcholine receptor by regulating the Galphai2 -Hdac4-Myogenin-MuRF1pathway, which is prevented by the overexpression of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Galphai2 (Q205L), a constitutively active mutant G protein subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	histone deacetylase 4	Mus musculus	110-115
30269419-5	2019	The SNS also modulates the levels of postsynaptic membrane acetylcholine receptor by regulating the Galphai2 -Hdac4-Myogenin-MuRF1pathway, which is prevented by the overexpression of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Galphai2 (Q205L), a constitutively active mutant G protein subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	myogenin	Mus musculus	116-124
30269419-5	2019	The SNS also modulates the levels of postsynaptic membrane acetylcholine receptor by regulating the Galphai2 -Hdac4-Myogenin-MuRF1pathway, which is prevented by the overexpression of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Galphai2 (Q205L), a constitutively active mutant G protein subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	tripartite motif-containing 63	Mus musculus	125-130
30269419-5	2019	The SNS also modulates the levels of postsynaptic membrane acetylcholine receptor by regulating the Galphai2 -Hdac4-Myogenin-MuRF1pathway, which is prevented by the overexpression of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Galphai2 (Q205L), a constitutively active mutant G protein subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 2	Mus musculus	222-230
30379684-4	2019	The present study was designed to analyze the promoter hypermethylation of CpG (cytosine, followed by guanine nucleotide) islands of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (P16) and O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) genes and its subsequent effect on the protein expression in CRC.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	133-169
30379684-4	2019	The present study was designed to analyze the promoter hypermethylation of CpG (cytosine, followed by guanine nucleotide) islands of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (P16) and O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) genes and its subsequent effect on the protein expression in CRC.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	171-174
30379684-4	2019	The present study was designed to analyze the promoter hypermethylation of CpG (cytosine, followed by guanine nucleotide) islands of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (P16) and O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) genes and its subsequent effect on the protein expression in CRC.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	180-217
30379684-4	2019	The present study was designed to analyze the promoter hypermethylation of CpG (cytosine, followed by guanine nucleotide) islands of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (P16) and O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) genes and its subsequent effect on the protein expression in CRC.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	219-223
30254339-4	2019	Here we rationally identified a Cdc42 activity-specific inhibitor (CASIN) that can bind to Cdc42 with submicromolar affinity and competitively interfere with guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	158-176	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	32-37
30254339-4	2019	Here we rationally identified a Cdc42 activity-specific inhibitor (CASIN) that can bind to Cdc42 with submicromolar affinity and competitively interfere with guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	158-176	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	91-96
30872413-0	2019	Structural basis of guanine nucleotide exchange for Rab11 by SH3BP5.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	52-57
30872413-0	2019	Structural basis of guanine nucleotide exchange for Rab11 by SH3BP5.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	SH3 domain binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	61-67
30872413-3	2019	SH3BP5 and SH3BP5-like (SH3BP5L) proteins have recently been found to serve as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	SH3 domain binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	0-6
30872413-3	2019	SH3BP5 and SH3BP5-like (SH3BP5L) proteins have recently been found to serve as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	SH3 binding domain protein 5 like	Homo sapiens	11-22
30872413-3	2019	SH3BP5 and SH3BP5-like (SH3BP5L) proteins have recently been found to serve as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	SH3 binding domain protein 5 like	Homo sapiens	24-31
30872413-3	2019	SH3BP5 and SH3BP5-like (SH3BP5L) proteins have recently been found to serve as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	125-130
30787359-7	2019	Consistent with these findings, cell-based measurements of cdc42 activity revealed that PKA activation inhibits EC cdc42 activity, at least in part, by promoting its interaction with the inhibitory regulator, guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-alpha (RhoGDIalpha).	Guanine Nucleotides	209-227	Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic subunit 2	Drosophila melanogaster	88-91
30787359-7	2019	Consistent with these findings, cell-based measurements of cdc42 activity revealed that PKA activation inhibits EC cdc42 activity, at least in part, by promoting its interaction with the inhibitory regulator, guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-alpha (RhoGDIalpha).	Guanine Nucleotides	209-227	Cdc42	Drosophila melanogaster	115-120
30540523-4	2019	We have identified the long isoform of intersectin-1 (ITSN-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42, as a novel Golgi component and an interaction partner of GCC88 responsible for mediating the actin-dependent dispersal of the Golgi ribbon.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	intersectin 1	Homo sapiens	39-52
30659137-6	2019	RESULTS: We identified a locus at genome-wide significance in an intron of PLEKHG1 (rs275350, beta [SE] = 0.071 [0.013]; p = 1.6 x 10-8), a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is involved in reorientation of cells in the vascular endothelium.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	pleckstrin homology and RhoGEF domain containing G1	Homo sapiens	75-82
30735546-3	2019	Several lines of evidence suggest that Rac1 is modulated downstream of Akt2, and indeed the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 has been identified as an activator of Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	pleckstrin homology domain containing, family G (with RhoGef domain) member 4	Mus musculus	127-135
30735546-3	2019	Several lines of evidence suggest that Rac1 is modulated downstream of Akt2, and indeed the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 has been identified as an activator of Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	175-179
29293918-6	2019	This complements earlier findings that Sestd1 can also partner with other Rho family GAPs and guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	SEC14 and spectrin domains 1	Mus musculus	39-45
30540523-4	2019	We have identified the long isoform of intersectin-1 (ITSN-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42, as a novel Golgi component and an interaction partner of GCC88 responsible for mediating the actin-dependent dispersal of the Golgi ribbon.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	intersectin 1	Homo sapiens	54-60
30691081-2	2019	In addition, this enzyme displays multiple additional enzymatic activities, such as guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis, protein kinase, disulfide isomerase activities, and is involved in cell adhesion.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	thioredoxin domain containing 15	Homo sapiens	143-162
30694177-3	2019	DMA-1/LRR-TM interacts through a PDZ ligand motif with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor TIAM-1/GEF in a complex with act-4/Actin to pattern higher order 4  dendrite branches by localizing F-actin to the distal ends of developing dendrites.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	LRRCT domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
30694177-3	2019	DMA-1/LRR-TM interacts through a PDZ ligand motif with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor TIAM-1/GEF in a complex with act-4/Actin to pattern higher order 4  dendrite branches by localizing F-actin to the distal ends of developing dendrites.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	DH domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	94-100
30694177-3	2019	DMA-1/LRR-TM interacts through a PDZ ligand motif with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor TIAM-1/GEF in a complex with act-4/Actin to pattern higher order 4  dendrite branches by localizing F-actin to the distal ends of developing dendrites.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	Actin-4	Caenorhabditis elegans	123-128
30694177-3	2019	DMA-1/LRR-TM interacts through a PDZ ligand motif with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor TIAM-1/GEF in a complex with act-4/Actin to pattern higher order 4  dendrite branches by localizing F-actin to the distal ends of developing dendrites.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	ACTin	Caenorhabditis elegans	129-134
30694177-3	2019	DMA-1/LRR-TM interacts through a PDZ ligand motif with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor TIAM-1/GEF in a complex with act-4/Actin to pattern higher order 4  dendrite branches by localizing F-actin to the distal ends of developing dendrites.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	ACTin	Caenorhabditis elegans	196-201
30682817-1	2019	Dbl (B-cell lymphoma)-related guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), the largest family of GEFs, are directly responsible for the activation of Rho family GTPases and essential for a number of cellular events such as proliferation, differentiation and movement.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	0-3
30605611-5	2019	We demonstrate that the switching between GTP and GDP binding states, which is governed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), GDI, and GDI displacement factor (GDF), is a major determinant of Rab1"s ability to effectively cycle between cellular compartments and eventually its subcellular distribution.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	236-240
30919354-2	2019	The activation of a variety of GPCRs leads to the translocation of Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) to the plasma membrane, where it functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of RalA to promote membrane blebbing.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	67-98
30359168-1	2019	Ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 (RasGRF2) is a member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors family which is expressed in a variety of tissues and cancer.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 2	Homo sapiens	52-59
30919354-2	2019	The activation of a variety of GPCRs leads to the translocation of Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) to the plasma membrane, where it functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of RalA to promote membrane blebbing.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	100-106
30919354-2	2019	The activation of a variety of GPCRs leads to the translocation of Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) to the plasma membrane, where it functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of RalA to promote membrane blebbing.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	194-198
30969421-1	2019	Intracellular signal transduced by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is tightly controlled by a guanine nucleotide-binding complex made of G protein Galpha, Gbeta, and Ggamma subunits, as well as a growing array of regulatory and accessory proteins such as arrestins.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	159-164
30575751-2	2018	Daple [CCDC88C], a cytosolic guanine nucleotide exchange modulator (GEM) which enhances non-canonical Wnt5A/FZD signaling via activation of trimeric G protein, Galphai, has been shown to serve opposing roles-as an inducer of EMT and invasiveness and a potent tumor suppressor-via two isoforms, V1 (full-length) and V2 (short spliced isoform), respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	coiled-coil domain containing 88C	Homo sapiens	0-5
30575751-2	2018	Daple [CCDC88C], a cytosolic guanine nucleotide exchange modulator (GEM) which enhances non-canonical Wnt5A/FZD signaling via activation of trimeric G protein, Galphai, has been shown to serve opposing roles-as an inducer of EMT and invasiveness and a potent tumor suppressor-via two isoforms, V1 (full-length) and V2 (short spliced isoform), respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	coiled-coil domain containing 88C	Homo sapiens	7-14
30575751-2	2018	Daple [CCDC88C], a cytosolic guanine nucleotide exchange modulator (GEM) which enhances non-canonical Wnt5A/FZD signaling via activation of trimeric G protein, Galphai, has been shown to serve opposing roles-as an inducer of EMT and invasiveness and a potent tumor suppressor-via two isoforms, V1 (full-length) and V2 (short spliced isoform), respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	Wnt family member 5A	Homo sapiens	102-107
30575751-2	2018	Daple [CCDC88C], a cytosolic guanine nucleotide exchange modulator (GEM) which enhances non-canonical Wnt5A/FZD signaling via activation of trimeric G protein, Galphai, has been shown to serve opposing roles-as an inducer of EMT and invasiveness and a potent tumor suppressor-via two isoforms, V1 (full-length) and V2 (short spliced isoform), respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	IL2 inducible T cell kinase	Homo sapiens	225-228
30446664-5	2018	Cdc42 simply follows the distribution of Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors, whereas Rac1 shaping requires the activity of a GTPase-Activating Protein, beta2-chimaerin, which is sharply localized at the tip of the cell through feedbacks from Cdc42 and Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-5
29846007-5	2018	We explore a hypothesis implicating cAMP signaling involving guanine nucleotide-exchange activation of the small GTPase Ras-proximate-1 (Rap1) by exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	120-135
29846007-5	2018	We explore a hypothesis implicating cAMP signaling involving guanine nucleotide-exchange activation of the small GTPase Ras-proximate-1 (Rap1) by exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	137-141
29846007-5	2018	We explore a hypothesis implicating cAMP signaling involving guanine nucleotide-exchange activation of the small GTPase Ras-proximate-1 (Rap1) by exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	192-196
30406994-2	2018	As guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), they bind Galpha GDP and inhibit GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	3-21	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-70
30485813-4	2018	This PKCepsilon-mediated spine suppression is temporally restricted to immature neurons and mediated through the phosphorylation and activation of Ephexin5, a RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and inhibitor of hippocampal synapse formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	5-15
30485813-4	2018	This PKCepsilon-mediated spine suppression is temporally restricted to immature neurons and mediated through the phosphorylation and activation of Ephexin5, a RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and inhibitor of hippocampal synapse formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 15	Homo sapiens	147-155
30485813-4	2018	This PKCepsilon-mediated spine suppression is temporally restricted to immature neurons and mediated through the phosphorylation and activation of Ephexin5, a RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and inhibitor of hippocampal synapse formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	200-203
30425165-3	2018	Here, we report that the actin-binding protein filamin A acted as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Drp1 and mediated mitochondrial fission-associated myocardial senescence in mice after MI.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	filamin, alpha	Mus musculus	47-56
30425165-3	2018	Here, we report that the actin-binding protein filamin A acted as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Drp1 and mediated mitochondrial fission-associated myocardial senescence in mice after MI.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	107-111
30353093-3	2018	Neuronal polarization and axon formation depend on the precise temporal and spatial regulation of Rap1 activity by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPases-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	98-102
30385725-4	2018	Here, we explore the therapeutic potential of targeting the RhoA pathway activated by IL17A by inhibiting RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), intracellular activators of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	106-110
30385725-4	2018	Here, we explore the therapeutic potential of targeting the RhoA pathway activated by IL17A by inhibiting RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), intracellular activators of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	106-110
30091236-3	2018	Additionally, LRRK2 Roc domain in isolation binds guanine nucleotides with relatively low affinities.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-69	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	14-19
30385725-4	2018	Here, we explore the therapeutic potential of targeting the RhoA pathway activated by IL17A by inhibiting RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), intracellular activators of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	60-64
30385725-4	2018	Here, we explore the therapeutic potential of targeting the RhoA pathway activated by IL17A by inhibiting RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), intracellular activators of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	86-91
30320548-4	2018	We show that active Ras signals to RalB via two RalGEFs (Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors), RGL1 and RGL2, to foster invasiveness; RalB contribution appears to be more important than that of MAPK and PI3K pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Homo sapiens	35-39
30204251-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Advances in deep sequencing technology have uncovered a widespread, protumorigenic role of guanine nucleotide-binding (G protein) alpha (GNA) subunits, particularly GNA subunits Gs (GNAS), Gq (GNAQ), and G11 (GNA11) (GNA*), in a diverse collection of malignancies.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	201-203
30204251-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Advances in deep sequencing technology have uncovered a widespread, protumorigenic role of guanine nucleotide-binding (G protein) alpha (GNA) subunits, particularly GNA subunits Gs (GNAS), Gq (GNAQ), and G11 (GNA11) (GNA*), in a diverse collection of malignancies.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	205-209
30204251-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Advances in deep sequencing technology have uncovered a widespread, protumorigenic role of guanine nucleotide-binding (G protein) alpha (GNA) subunits, particularly GNA subunits Gs (GNAS), Gq (GNAQ), and G11 (GNA11) (GNA*), in a diverse collection of malignancies.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	G protein subunit alpha 11	Homo sapiens	216-219
30204251-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Advances in deep sequencing technology have uncovered a widespread, protumorigenic role of guanine nucleotide-binding (G protein) alpha (GNA) subunits, particularly GNA subunits Gs (GNAS), Gq (GNAQ), and G11 (GNA11) (GNA*), in a diverse collection of malignancies.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	G protein subunit alpha 11	Homo sapiens	221-226
30333726-1	2018	ARHGEF6 belongs to the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases, and it specifically activates Rho GTPases CDC42 and RAC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 6	Mus musculus	0-7
30108175-6	2018	We further found that HGF also promotes the recruitment of ELMO2 and DOCK180, a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAC1, to the MET-AXL complex and thereby stimulates the RAC1-dependent cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	22-25
30108175-6	2018	We further found that HGF also promotes the recruitment of ELMO2 and DOCK180, a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAC1, to the MET-AXL complex and thereby stimulates the RAC1-dependent cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	engulfment and cell motility 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
30108175-6	2018	We further found that HGF also promotes the recruitment of ELMO2 and DOCK180, a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAC1, to the MET-AXL complex and thereby stimulates the RAC1-dependent cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	69-76
30108175-6	2018	We further found that HGF also promotes the recruitment of ELMO2 and DOCK180, a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAC1, to the MET-AXL complex and thereby stimulates the RAC1-dependent cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
30108175-6	2018	We further found that HGF also promotes the recruitment of ELMO2 and DOCK180, a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAC1, to the MET-AXL complex and thereby stimulates the RAC1-dependent cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	AXL receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	146-149
30108175-6	2018	We further found that HGF also promotes the recruitment of ELMO2 and DOCK180, a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAC1, to the MET-AXL complex and thereby stimulates the RAC1-dependent cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	185-189
30177526-1	2018	Trio, a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, activates Rac1 downstream of netrin 1/DCC signalling in axon outgrowth and guidance.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting)	Mus musculus	0-4
30177526-1	2018	Trio, a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, activates Rac1 downstream of netrin 1/DCC signalling in axon outgrowth and guidance.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	83-87
30177526-1	2018	Trio, a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, activates Rac1 downstream of netrin 1/DCC signalling in axon outgrowth and guidance.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	netrin 1	Mus musculus	102-110
30177526-1	2018	Trio, a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, activates Rac1 downstream of netrin 1/DCC signalling in axon outgrowth and guidance.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	deleted in colorectal carcinoma	Mus musculus	111-114
30333726-1	2018	ARHGEF6 belongs to the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases, and it specifically activates Rho GTPases CDC42 and RAC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	135-140
30333726-1	2018	ARHGEF6 belongs to the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases, and it specifically activates Rho GTPases CDC42 and RAC1.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	145-149
29967243-1	2018	Rac1 is a small guanine nucleotide binding protein that cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound state to regulate cell motility and migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
30151872-1	2018	Cytohesin-2 is a member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1) and Arf6, which are small GTPases that regulate membrane traffic and actin dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	0-11
30151872-1	2018	Cytohesin-2 is a member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1) and Arf6, which are small GTPases that regulate membrane traffic and actin dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	71-96
30151872-1	2018	Cytohesin-2 is a member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1) and Arf6, which are small GTPases that regulate membrane traffic and actin dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
30151872-1	2018	Cytohesin-2 is a member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1) and Arf6, which are small GTPases that regulate membrane traffic and actin dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	108-112
30217979-2	2018	However, investigating Rab11 regulation has been hindered by limited molecular detail describing activation by cognate guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-28
30078678-3	2018	Like other small GTPases, the activities of Sar1a depend on their guanine-nucleotide-binding states, which are regulated by guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	44-49
30078678-3	2018	Like other small GTPases, the activities of Sar1a depend on their guanine-nucleotide-binding states, which are regulated by guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	44-49
30154209-2	2018	This complex process depends on transcriptional changes mediated by Ca2+-dependent NFAT signaling, mTOR-mediated signaling and increased activity of the guanine nucleotide biosynthetic inosine-5"-monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase 1 and 2 enzymes (IMPDH1 and IMPDH2, hereafter IMPDH).	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	247-253
30154209-2	2018	This complex process depends on transcriptional changes mediated by Ca2+-dependent NFAT signaling, mTOR-mediated signaling and increased activity of the guanine nucleotide biosynthetic inosine-5"-monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase 1 and 2 enzymes (IMPDH1 and IMPDH2, hereafter IMPDH).	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	258-264
29377108-2	2018	RhoA activity is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), and the guanine nucleotide dissociation factor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
29377108-2	2018	RhoA activity is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), and the guanine nucleotide dissociation factor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
29844364-3	2018	Here, we demonstrate that STEF/TIAM2, a Rac1 selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor, localises at the nuclear envelope, co-localising with the key perinuclear proteins Nesprin-2G and Non-muscle myosin IIB (NMMIIB), where it regulates perinuclear Rac1 activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
30089513-4	2018	METHODS: Through a forward genetic screen in zebrafish, we identified a mutation in the atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factor, dock1, that results in decreased myelination of peripheral axons.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Danio rerio	133-138
30138370-4	2018	We further identified TBC-10 as a putative GTPase-activating protein (GAP), and FLCN-1 and RME-4 as two putative Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs), for RAB-35.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	161-167
30075745-7	2018	Finally, by utilizing complementary immunohistochemical and biochemical approaches including analysis of human iPSC derived motor neurons, we identified C9orf72, in addition to its association to lysosomes, to be localized to the presynapses and able to interact with all members of the RAB3 protein family, suggestive of a role for C9orf72 in regulating synaptic vesicle functions by potentially acting as guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAB3 proteins.In conclusion, our findings provide further evidence for haploinsufficiency as potential mechanism in C9orf72 pathogenesis by demonstrating reduced protein levels in C9orf72 mutation carriers and important novel insights into the physiological role of C9orf72 in the CNS.	Guanine Nucleotides	407-425	C9orf72-SMCR8 complex subunit	Homo sapiens	153-160
29772239-9	2018	Interestingly, the interaction between R-Ras and Vangl2 was stronger in guanine-nucleotide free point mutants of R-Ras than in wild-type or constitutively active (GTP-bound) forms of R-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	VANGL planar cell polarity protein 2	Danio rerio	49-55
29858187-3	2018	Rac and Cdc42 are hyperactivated via signaling through oncogenic cell surface receptors, such as growth factor receptors, which converge on the guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate their GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
29858187-3	2018	Rac and Cdc42 are hyperactivated via signaling through oncogenic cell surface receptors, such as growth factor receptors, which converge on the guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate their GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	8-13
29789375-7	2018	Arf6 activation required PI3 kinase activity and was prevented by an inhibitor of the cytohesin family of Arf6 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
29789375-7	2018	Arf6 activation required PI3 kinase activity and was prevented by an inhibitor of the cytohesin family of Arf6 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	106-110
29844364-3	2018	Here, we demonstrate that STEF/TIAM2, a Rac1 selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor, localises at the nuclear envelope, co-localising with the key perinuclear proteins Nesprin-2G and Non-muscle myosin IIB (NMMIIB), where it regulates perinuclear Rac1 activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	31-36
29844055-0	2018	Dual phosphorylation of Ric-8A enhances its ability to mediate G protein alpha subunit folding and to stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-130	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	24-30
29844364-3	2018	Here, we demonstrate that STEF/TIAM2, a Rac1 selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor, localises at the nuclear envelope, co-localising with the key perinuclear proteins Nesprin-2G and Non-muscle myosin IIB (NMMIIB), where it regulates perinuclear Rac1 activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
29314494-5	2018	RIN3 that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5 may serve as an important activator for Rab5 in AD pathogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	Ras and Rab interactor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
29844055-4	2018	Phosphorylation of Ser435 and Thr440 in rat Ric-8A (corresponding to Ser436 and Thr441 in human Ric-8A) was required for high-affinity binding to Galpha subunits, efficient stimulation of Galpha subunit guanine nucleotide exchange, and mediation of Galpha subunit folding.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Rattus norvegicus	44-50
29844055-4	2018	Phosphorylation of Ser435 and Thr440 in rat Ric-8A (corresponding to Ser436 and Thr441 in human Ric-8A) was required for high-affinity binding to Galpha subunits, efficient stimulation of Galpha subunit guanine nucleotide exchange, and mediation of Galpha subunit folding.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	96-102
29747665-0	2018	Comprehensive behavioral analysis of mice deficient in Rapgef2 and Rapgef6, a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap small GTPases possessing the Ras/Rap-associating domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	55-62
29747665-0	2018	Comprehensive behavioral analysis of mice deficient in Rapgef2 and Rapgef6, a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap small GTPases possessing the Ras/Rap-associating domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 6	Mus musculus	67-74
29747665-0	2018	Comprehensive behavioral analysis of mice deficient in Rapgef2 and Rapgef6, a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap small GTPases possessing the Ras/Rap-associating domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	55-58
29747665-0	2018	Comprehensive behavioral analysis of mice deficient in Rapgef2 and Rapgef6, a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap small GTPases possessing the Ras/Rap-associating domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	67-70
29747665-1	2018	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 define a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap small GTPases, characterized by the possession of the Ras/Rap-associating domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	0-7
29747665-1	2018	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 define a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap small GTPases, characterized by the possession of the Ras/Rap-associating domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 6	Mus musculus	12-19
29747665-1	2018	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 define a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap small GTPases, characterized by the possession of the Ras/Rap-associating domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	0-3
29747665-1	2018	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 define a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap small GTPases, characterized by the possession of the Ras/Rap-associating domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	12-15
29382922-1	2018	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 39 (ARHGEF39), also called C9orf100, is a new member of the Dbl-family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 39	Homo sapiens	43-51
29382922-1	2018	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 39 (ARHGEF39), also called C9orf100, is a new member of the Dbl-family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 39	Homo sapiens	66-74
29740613-5	2018	We demonstrate that the Arf1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 (BIG1)/Arfgef1, and the effector Arf1 regulate the initiation of myelination of axons by Schwann cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	ADP-ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide-exchange factor 1(brefeldin A-inhibited)	Mus musculus	126-130
29740613-5	2018	We demonstrate that the Arf1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 (BIG1)/Arfgef1, and the effector Arf1 regulate the initiation of myelination of axons by Schwann cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	ADP-ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide-exchange factor 1(brefeldin A-inhibited)	Mus musculus	132-139
29740613-5	2018	We demonstrate that the Arf1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 (BIG1)/Arfgef1, and the effector Arf1 regulate the initiation of myelination of axons by Schwann cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Mus musculus	158-162
29337043-0	2018	Membrane-permeable Rab27A is a regulator of the acrosome reaction: Role of geranylgeranylation and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-118	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	19-25
29337043-4	2018	With this tool, we aimed to unravel the connection between Rab3, Rab27 and Rap1 in sperm exocytosis and to deepen our understanding about how isoprenylation and guanine nucleotides influence the behaviour of Rab27 in exocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-180	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	208-213
29773874-7	2018	Furthermore, we discover ITSN1 and ITSN2 as podocytic guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	intersectin 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
29773874-7	2018	Furthermore, we discover ITSN1 and ITSN2 as podocytic guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	intersectin 2	Homo sapiens	35-40
29773874-7	2018	Furthermore, we discover ITSN1 and ITSN2 as podocytic guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	94-99
29491039-1	2018	Ser54 of Gsalpha binds guanine nucleotide and Mg2+ as part of a conserved sequence motif in GTP binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	9-16
29740613-5	2018	We demonstrate that the Arf1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 (BIG1)/Arfgef1, and the effector Arf1 regulate the initiation of myelination of axons by Schwann cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Mus musculus	24-28
29716441-4	2018	PKR recognizes imperfectly double-stranded non-coding viral RNA molecules via its N-terminal double-stranded RNA binding motifs, undergoes phosphorylation of the C-terminal kinase domain, ultimately resulting in inhibition of viral protein translation by inhibiting the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	270-288	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
29314494-5	2018	RIN3 that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5 may serve as an important activator for Rab5 in AD pathogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	64-68
29314494-5	2018	RIN3 that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5 may serve as an important activator for Rab5 in AD pathogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	109-113
29410088-2	2018	Cytoplasmic p27 stimulates cell migration by associating with RhoA and interfering with the exchange of GDP from RhoA stimulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	interferon alpha inducible protein 27	Homo sapiens	12-15
29352104-1	2018	Rab GTPases are key regulators of membrane trafficking, and many are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors bearing a differentially expressed in normal and neoplastic cells (DENN) domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	185-189
29572327-4	2018	combined approaches of crystallography, biochemistry, and cell biology to show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DENND3 contains an actin-binding site they call "PHenn domain" in a region previously thought to be unstructured.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	DENN domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	123-129
29410088-2	2018	Cytoplasmic p27 stimulates cell migration by associating with RhoA and interfering with the exchange of GDP from RhoA stimulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	113-117
29410088-4	2018	The affinity of p27 for RhoA is low, with an equilibrium dissociation constant of hundreds of micromolar; however, at high concentrations, p27 interfered with guanine nucleotide exchange factor-mediated nucleotide exchange from RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	interferon alpha inducible protein 27	Homo sapiens	16-19
29410088-4	2018	The affinity of p27 for RhoA is low, with an equilibrium dissociation constant of hundreds of micromolar; however, at high concentrations, p27 interfered with guanine nucleotide exchange factor-mediated nucleotide exchange from RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	interferon alpha inducible protein 27	Homo sapiens	139-142
29410088-4	2018	The affinity of p27 for RhoA is low, with an equilibrium dissociation constant of hundreds of micromolar; however, at high concentrations, p27 interfered with guanine nucleotide exchange factor-mediated nucleotide exchange from RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	228-232
29273580-5	2018	TRAPPII is not essential but becomes so in the absence of the gene parcas that encodes the Drosophila orthologue of the SH3BP5 family of Rab11 guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	Rab11	Drosophila melanogaster	137-142
29523808-5	2018	In contrast to mouse B cells, BCR-induced activation of Erk in human B cells is largely independent of phospholipase C-gamma activity and diacylglycerol-responsive members of Ras guanine nucleotide releasing proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	30-33
29523808-5	2018	In contrast to mouse B cells, BCR-induced activation of Erk in human B cells is largely independent of phospholipase C-gamma activity and diacylglycerol-responsive members of Ras guanine nucleotide releasing proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	Eph receptor B2	Mus musculus	56-59
29489452-1	2018	eIF2B is a dedicated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2, the GTPase that is essential to initiate mRNA translation.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	0-5
29489452-1	2018	eIF2B is a dedicated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2, the GTPase that is essential to initiate mRNA translation.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-4
29425030-1	2018	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the GTPase eIF2, which brings the initiator Met-tRNAi to the ribosome in the form of the eIF2-GTP Met-tRNAi ternary complex (TC).	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	0-43
29425030-1	2018	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the GTPase eIF2, which brings the initiator Met-tRNAi to the ribosome in the form of the eIF2-GTP Met-tRNAi ternary complex (TC).	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	45-50
29425030-1	2018	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the GTPase eIF2, which brings the initiator Met-tRNAi to the ribosome in the form of the eIF2-GTP Met-tRNAi ternary complex (TC).	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	45-49
29425030-1	2018	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the GTPase eIF2, which brings the initiator Met-tRNAi to the ribosome in the form of the eIF2-GTP Met-tRNAi ternary complex (TC).	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	108-112
29080810-17	2018	LAY SUMMARY: Guanine nucleotide-binding alpha-subunit 12 (Galpha12) is upregulated in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) as a consequence of the dysregulation of a specific microRNA that is abundant in HSCs, facilitating the progression of liver fibrosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	58-66
29429615-4	2018	We show that the C. elegans Netrin ortholog UNC-6, signaling through its cognate receptor UNC-40/DCC and the CED-5/DOCK180 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is both required and sufficient for male-specific synaptic maintenance.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	Netrin unc-6	Caenorhabditis elegans	44-49
29429615-4	2018	We show that the C. elegans Netrin ortholog UNC-6, signaling through its cognate receptor UNC-40/DCC and the CED-5/DOCK180 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is both required and sufficient for male-specific synaptic maintenance.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	Uncharacterized protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	109-114
29059157-3	2018	Here, we show that a Rho family GTPase regulator, Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 1 (RhoGDI1), can interact with ephrinB1, and this interaction is enhanced upon binding the extracellular domain of the cognate EphB2 receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	99-106
29059157-3	2018	Here, we show that a Rho family GTPase regulator, Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 1 (RhoGDI1), can interact with ephrinB1, and this interaction is enhanced upon binding the extracellular domain of the cognate EphB2 receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	ephrin B1	Homo sapiens	127-135
29059157-3	2018	Here, we show that a Rho family GTPase regulator, Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 1 (RhoGDI1), can interact with ephrinB1, and this interaction is enhanced upon binding the extracellular domain of the cognate EphB2 receptor.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	EPH receptor B2	Homo sapiens	223-228
29055784-5	2018	Our results demonstrated that muscle contractions induced by carbachol (CCh) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were inhibited by EHT1864, a selective Rac1 inhibitor, and NSC23766, a selective inhibitor of Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	209-227	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-93
29207149-1	2018	Triple functional domain protein (Trio) is an evolutionarily conserved protein with guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate different physiological processes in some types of cancer.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	0-32
29207149-1	2018	Triple functional domain protein (Trio) is an evolutionarily conserved protein with guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate different physiological processes in some types of cancer.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	34-38
29373579-3	2018	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with RhoA, catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP and thereby activate the GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	61-65
29515755-5	2018	In this study, we demonstrate that CGEF-1, the C. elegans homolog of the human guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dbl, is a novel binding partner of RHEB-1 and activator of mTORC1 signaling in C. elegans.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	DH domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	35-41
29515755-5	2018	In this study, we demonstrate that CGEF-1, the C. elegans homolog of the human guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dbl, is a novel binding partner of RHEB-1 and activator of mTORC1 signaling in C. elegans.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	114-117
29515755-5	2018	In this study, we demonstrate that CGEF-1, the C. elegans homolog of the human guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dbl, is a novel binding partner of RHEB-1 and activator of mTORC1 signaling in C. elegans.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	RHEB pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	149-155
28970150-2	2018	Although the encoded protein, folliculin (FLCN), has no sequence homology to known functional domains, x-ray crystallographic studies have shown that the C-terminus of FLCN has structural similarity to DENN (differentially expressed in normal cells and neoplasia) domain proteins that act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for small Rab GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	292-310	folliculin	Homo sapiens	168-172
28970150-2	2018	Although the encoded protein, folliculin (FLCN), has no sequence homology to known functional domains, x-ray crystallographic studies have shown that the C-terminus of FLCN has structural similarity to DENN (differentially expressed in normal cells and neoplasia) domain proteins that act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for small Rab GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	292-310	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	202-206
29515755-5	2018	In this study, we demonstrate that CGEF-1, the C. elegans homolog of the human guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dbl, is a novel binding partner of RHEB-1 and activator of mTORC1 signaling in C. elegans.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	173-179
29055784-5	2018	Our results demonstrated that muscle contractions induced by carbachol (CCh) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were inhibited by EHT1864, a selective Rac1 inhibitor, and NSC23766, a selective inhibitor of Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	209-227	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	95-99
29130632-1	2018	Dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) family are evolutionary conserved guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the Rho GTPases, Rac, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
29130632-1	2018	Dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) family are evolutionary conserved guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the Rho GTPases, Rac, and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	139-144
29093026-5	2018	Instead, reduced activity of Rac/RhoG was responsible for the deficient macropinocytosis of proinflammatory macrophages, as suggested by the stimulatory effects of heterologously expressed guanine nucleotide-exchange factors or of constitutively active (but not wild-type) forms of these GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	189-207	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	29-32
29111327-2	2018	EPAC has two isoforms (EPAC1 and EPAC2) and is a cAMP-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases, Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
29111327-2	2018	EPAC has two isoforms (EPAC1 and EPAC2) and is a cAMP-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases, Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	33-38
29111327-2	2018	EPAC has two isoforms (EPAC1 and EPAC2) and is a cAMP-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases, Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	122-126
29111327-2	2018	EPAC has two isoforms (EPAC1 and EPAC2) and is a cAMP-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases, Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	131-135
29112323-3	2018	Here, we used brefeldin A (BFA) that blocks the activity of the cellular Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors GBF1, BIG1, and BIG2, which play a major role in reshuffling of cellular membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
29112323-3	2018	Here, we used brefeldin A (BFA) that blocks the activity of the cellular Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors GBF1, BIG1, and BIG2, which play a major role in reshuffling of cellular membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
29112323-3	2018	Here, we used brefeldin A (BFA) that blocks the activity of the cellular Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors GBF1, BIG1, and BIG2, which play a major role in reshuffling of cellular membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	129-133
29071730-9	2018	In cultured human airway smooth muscle cells (hASMCs), TGF-beta pre-treatment enhanced the protein expression of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF1, MLC20 , MYPT-1 and the actin-severing protein cofilin, but not of RhoA, ROCK2 or c-Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	55-63
29071730-9	2018	In cultured human airway smooth muscle cells (hASMCs), TGF-beta pre-treatment enhanced the protein expression of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF1, MLC20 , MYPT-1 and the actin-severing protein cofilin, but not of RhoA, ROCK2 or c-Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	156-163
29093026-5	2018	Instead, reduced activity of Rac/RhoG was responsible for the deficient macropinocytosis of proinflammatory macrophages, as suggested by the stimulatory effects of heterologously expressed guanine nucleotide-exchange factors or of constitutively active (but not wild-type) forms of these GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	189-207	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	33-37
29109759-1	2017	Epithelial cell transforming 2 (Ect2) protein is a member of the human diffuse B-cell lymphoma family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which activate the Ras homolog gene family of small GTPases; however, the clinical implications of Ect2 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) are unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
28971229-13	2018	CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the guanine nucleotide binding protein Galphao offers some protection against the development of morphine tolerance and dependence.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha O	Mus musculus	76-83
29872253-2	2017	The responsible gene for this phenotype was identified as Dock5, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	dedicator of cytokinesis 5	Mus musculus	58-63
29872253-2	2017	The responsible gene for this phenotype was identified as Dock5, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	119-123
29061650-6	2017	These guanine nucleotide exchange factors regulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of Rac3 activity, impacting GIT1 localization.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	Rac family small GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	82-86
29061650-6	2017	These guanine nucleotide exchange factors regulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of Rac3 activity, impacting GIT1 localization.	Guanine Nucleotides	6-24	GIT ArfGAP 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
28912101-1	2017	RasGRP comprises a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, regulating the dissociation of GDP from Ras GTPases to enhance the formation of the active GTP-bound form.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
28917843-1	2017	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 define a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1, characterized by possession of the Ras/Rap-associating domains and implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	0-7
28917843-1	2017	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 define a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1, characterized by possession of the Ras/Rap-associating domains and implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 6	Mus musculus	12-19
28917843-1	2017	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 define a subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1, characterized by possession of the Ras/Rap-associating domains and implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	82-86
28923977-5	2017	Here, we show that in the Drosophila melanogaster cell wound repair model Rho GTPase arrays form in response to prepatterning by Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), a family of proteins involved in the activation of small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	Rho1	Drosophila melanogaster	74-84
29178143-1	2017	Rac1 GTPase interaction with guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 is involved in several cancer types and cardiovascular diseases.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
29178143-1	2017	Rac1 GTPase interaction with guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 is involved in several cancer types and cardiovascular diseases.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
29106825-9	2017	Evaluation of their influence on the affinity of RAB11B to a series of binary interactors, both effectors and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), showed induction of RAB11B binding to the GEF SH3BP5, again similar to inactive RAB11B.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-55
29106825-9	2017	Evaluation of their influence on the affinity of RAB11B to a series of binary interactors, both effectors and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), showed induction of RAB11B binding to the GEF SH3BP5, again similar to inactive RAB11B.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	174-180
29106825-9	2017	Evaluation of their influence on the affinity of RAB11B to a series of binary interactors, both effectors and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), showed induction of RAB11B binding to the GEF SH3BP5, again similar to inactive RAB11B.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	147-150
29106825-9	2017	Evaluation of their influence on the affinity of RAB11B to a series of binary interactors, both effectors and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), showed induction of RAB11B binding to the GEF SH3BP5, again similar to inactive RAB11B.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	174-180
29109759-1	2017	Epithelial cell transforming 2 (Ect2) protein is a member of the human diffuse B-cell lymphoma family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which activate the Ras homolog gene family of small GTPases; however, the clinical implications of Ect2 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) are unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
29109759-1	2017	Epithelial cell transforming 2 (Ect2) protein is a member of the human diffuse B-cell lymphoma family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which activate the Ras homolog gene family of small GTPases; however, the clinical implications of Ect2 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) are unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	241-245
28752642-8	2017	Our results indicate that Apn1 target sequences are enriched for cytosine and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-97	DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase APN1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	26-30
28978795-4	2017	Here, we have demonstrated an essential role of the dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8), guanine nucleotide exchange factors required for cytoskeleton rearrangement, cell migration, and immune cell survival in controlling Treg fitness and their function.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	dedicator of cytokinesis 8	Mus musculus	52-78
28807941-3	2017	This review examines the multiple mechanisms leading to Rac1 hyperactivation, particularly focusing on emerging paradigms that involve gain-of-function mutations in Rac and guanine nucleotide exchange factors, defects in Rac1 degradation, and mislocalization of Rac signaling components.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
28807941-3	2017	This review examines the multiple mechanisms leading to Rac1 hyperactivation, particularly focusing on emerging paradigms that involve gain-of-function mutations in Rac and guanine nucleotide exchange factors, defects in Rac1 degradation, and mislocalization of Rac signaling components.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
28968219-0	2017	Site-specific monoubiquitination downregulates Rab5 by disrupting effector binding and guanine nucleotide conversion.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	47-51
28186670-3	2017	The functional states of Rab7 generally switch between GTP-bound and GDP-bound states under the control of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	25-29
28701658-1	2017	The dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) family proteins are known as one of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), that contribute to cellular signaling processes by activating small G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	dreadlocks	Drosophila melanogaster	30-34
29016942-3	2017	The intracellular trafficking of PIN1 protein is sensitive to the fungal toxin brefeldin A (BFA), which is known to inhibit guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factors (ARF GEFs) such as GNOM.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Auxin efflux carrier family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-37
28781083-1	2017	KRAS G12C, the most common RAS mutation found in non-small-cell lung cancer, has been the subject of multiple recent covalent small-molecule inhibitor campaigns including efforts directed at the guanine nucleotide pocket and separate work focused on an inducible pocket adjacent to the switch motifs.	Guanine Nucleotides	195-213	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-4
28139825-7	2017	Functional studies revealed that amino acid change p.Gly60Val impairs HRAS binding to effectors PIK3CA, phospholipase C1, and RAL guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	70-74
28139825-7	2017	Functional studies revealed that amino acid change p.Gly60Val impairs HRAS binding to effectors PIK3CA, phospholipase C1, and RAL guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	126-129
28698357-2	2017	Here, we show that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) RopGEF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and activator of Rho GTPases of plants (ROPs), is critically involved in polar distribution of auxin influx carrier AUX1 and differential accumulation of efflux carriers PIN7 and PIN2 and is important for embryo and early seedling development when RopGEF1 is prevalently expressed.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	54-61
28698357-2	2017	Here, we show that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) RopGEF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and activator of Rho GTPases of plants (ROPs), is critically involved in polar distribution of auxin influx carrier AUX1 and differential accumulation of efflux carriers PIN7 and PIN2 and is important for embryo and early seedling development when RopGEF1 is prevalently expressed.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Transmembrane amino acid transporter family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	216-220
28698357-2	2017	Here, we show that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) RopGEF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and activator of Rho GTPases of plants (ROPs), is critically involved in polar distribution of auxin influx carrier AUX1 and differential accumulation of efflux carriers PIN7 and PIN2 and is important for embryo and early seedling development when RopGEF1 is prevalently expressed.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Auxin efflux carrier family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	270-274
28698357-2	2017	Here, we show that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) RopGEF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and activator of Rho GTPases of plants (ROPs), is critically involved in polar distribution of auxin influx carrier AUX1 and differential accumulation of efflux carriers PIN7 and PIN2 and is important for embryo and early seedling development when RopGEF1 is prevalently expressed.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Auxin efflux carrier family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	279-283
28698357-2	2017	Here, we show that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) RopGEF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and activator of Rho GTPases of plants (ROPs), is critically involved in polar distribution of auxin influx carrier AUX1 and differential accumulation of efflux carriers PIN7 and PIN2 and is important for embryo and early seedling development when RopGEF1 is prevalently expressed.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	348-355
28884018-6	2017	Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B" that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	polo like kinase 1	Homo sapiens	10-28
28884018-6	2017	Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B" that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	Rac GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
28884018-6	2017	Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B" that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	Rac GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	62-69
28884018-6	2017	Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B" that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	143-147
28884018-6	2017	Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B" that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	184-223
28884018-6	2017	Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B" that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	225-229
28884018-6	2017	Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B" that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	236-240
28884018-6	2017	Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B" that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	Rac GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	274-278
28884018-6	2017	Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B" that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	292-296
28742002-3	2017	Cdc42 is negatively regulated by the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and the GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), and positively regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
28677085-1	2017	Eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) controls the first step of translation by catalyzing guanine nucleotide exchange on eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2).	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	33-38
28600358-6	2017	Mechanistically, we uncover novel direct interactions between endogenous GPR124 and the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors Elmo/Dock and intersectin (ITSN).	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor A2	Homo sapiens	73-79
28600358-6	2017	Mechanistically, we uncover novel direct interactions between endogenous GPR124 and the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors Elmo/Dock and intersectin (ITSN).	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	intersectin 1	Homo sapiens	142-153
28600358-6	2017	Mechanistically, we uncover novel direct interactions between endogenous GPR124 and the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors Elmo/Dock and intersectin (ITSN).	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	intersectin 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
28600358-13	2017	This constitutes a previously unrecognized complex formed of atypical and conventional Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac and Cdc42 that is putatively involved in GPR124-dependent angiogenic responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	131-134
28600358-13	2017	This constitutes a previously unrecognized complex formed of atypical and conventional Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac and Cdc42 that is putatively involved in GPR124-dependent angiogenic responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	139-144
28600358-13	2017	This constitutes a previously unrecognized complex formed of atypical and conventional Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac and Cdc42 that is putatively involved in GPR124-dependent angiogenic responses.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor A2	Homo sapiens	176-182
28584192-4	2017	In Jurkat cells, the activities of two guanine nucleotide binding proteins, Arf6 and Rab22 (also known as Rab22a), influence CIE and conjugate formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	76-80
28584192-4	2017	In Jurkat cells, the activities of two guanine nucleotide binding proteins, Arf6 and Rab22 (also known as Rab22a), influence CIE and conjugate formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	RAB22A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	85-90
28584192-4	2017	In Jurkat cells, the activities of two guanine nucleotide binding proteins, Arf6 and Rab22 (also known as Rab22a), influence CIE and conjugate formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	RAB22A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	106-112
27649969-1	2017	AIMS: In the heart, beta1-adrenergic signaling involves cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) acting via both protein kinase-A (PKA) and exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac): a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	191-209	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	182-186
27649969-1	2017	AIMS: In the heart, beta1-adrenergic signaling involves cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) acting via both protein kinase-A (PKA) and exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac): a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	191-209	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	247-251
28336235-3	2017	Further investigations demonstrated that the tyrosine phosphorylation of Rab7 depends on the guanine nucleotide binding activity of Rab7 and the activity of Src kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-77
28336235-3	2017	Further investigations demonstrated that the tyrosine phosphorylation of Rab7 depends on the guanine nucleotide binding activity of Rab7 and the activity of Src kinase.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	132-136
28658616-4	2017	Cellular treatment with AG2037, an inhibitor of the purine biosynthetic enzyme GARFT, profoundly inhibits mTORC1 activity via a reduction in the level of GTP-bound Rheb, an obligate upstream activator of mTORC1, because of a reduction in intracellular guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-271	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	106-112
28666462-6	2017	Signaling was assessed by western analysis and biochemical pull-down assays specific for Rac-GTP and for active Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	112-115
28658616-4	2017	Cellular treatment with AG2037, an inhibitor of the purine biosynthetic enzyme GARFT, profoundly inhibits mTORC1 activity via a reduction in the level of GTP-bound Rheb, an obligate upstream activator of mTORC1, because of a reduction in intracellular guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	252-271	Ras homolog enriched in brain	Mus musculus	164-168
28484278-9	2017	Based on our previous iTRAQ results, guanine nucleotide binding proteins 3 (GNAI3) is one of the distinct proteins after GATA4 deletion.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 3	Mus musculus	76-81
28489379-3	2017	Interestingly, some ligands show considerably lower intrinsic activity in guanine nucleotide exchange experiments at D2R and consequently represent biased agonists favoring beta-arrestin-2 recruitment over canonical G protein activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	arrestin beta 2	Homo sapiens	173-188
28570277-5	2017	Here, we show that human and mouse GPR116 control surfactant secretion and reuptake in alveolar type II (AT2) cells by regulating guanine nucleotide-binding domain alpha q and 11 (Gq/11) signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F5	Mus musculus	35-41
28484278-9	2017	Based on our previous iTRAQ results, guanine nucleotide binding proteins 3 (GNAI3) is one of the distinct proteins after GATA4 deletion.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	GATA binding protein 4	Mus musculus	121-126
28472098-5	2017	This was attenuated with by knockdown of GEF-H1, a microtubule-localized guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	41-47
28408707-4	2017	We observed genome-wide significance in relation to cCIMT association with the SERGEF gene (secretion-regulating guanine nucleotide exchange factor; beta=0.0137; P=2.98x10-4), also associated with higher odds of stroke (odds ratio=1.71; P=0.02).	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	secretion regulating guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	79-85
27267709-5	2017	RAC1/2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors harbouring polybasic stretches are recruited by PtdOH to sites of ruffle formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	7-25	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
28389568-5	2017	Our results show that IRGM controls phosphorylation of GBF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf-GTPases, which normally operates in Golgi membrane dynamics and vesicle coating in resting cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	immunity related GTPase M	Homo sapiens	22-26
28389568-5	2017	Our results show that IRGM controls phosphorylation of GBF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf-GTPases, which normally operates in Golgi membrane dynamics and vesicle coating in resting cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
28148498-2	2017	Here we investigate roles for Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor proteins (RhoGDIs) in platelet function.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	95-102
28029388-3	2017	A part of these processes, which require the complex integration of transport-, cytoskeleton- and polarity-associated mechanisms, is tightly regulated by molecular machineries comprising guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and their down-stream effectors, such as the small GTPase Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	187-205	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	287-292
27885802-3	2017	When identifying the causative gene of dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH), we found three mutations encoding amino acid substitutions in the gene SAM and SH3 domain containing 1 (SASH1), and SASH1 was associated with guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit-alpha isoforms short (Galphas).	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	SAM and SH3 domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	189-194
27885802-3	2017	When identifying the causative gene of dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH), we found three mutations encoding amino acid substitutions in the gene SAM and SH3 domain containing 1 (SASH1), and SASH1 was associated with guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit-alpha isoforms short (Galphas).	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	SAM and SH3 domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	201-206
27748370-4	2017	The screen identified dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2), which is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases, and its expression is limited to hematolymphoid cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	dedicator of cytokinesis 2	Homo sapiens	50-55
27669437-1	2017	DOCK proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac and Cdc42 GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
27669437-1	2017	DOCK proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac and Cdc42 GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	66-71
28270555-4	2017	We identified a transcriptional regulatory mechanism involving increased abundance of VAV2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases that control the cytoskeleton, driven by increased expression of the gene encoding SF-1 in ACC.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	86-90
28270555-4	2017	We identified a transcriptional regulatory mechanism involving increased abundance of VAV2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases that control the cytoskeleton, driven by increased expression of the gene encoding SF-1 in ACC.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	230-234
28153773-0	2017	Human Gpn1 purified from bacteria binds guanine nucleotides and hydrolyzes GTP as a protein dimer stabilized by its C-terminal tail.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-59	GPN-loop GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
28199315-3	2017	Furthermore, the metazoan-specific SESN proteins function as guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) for RAGA/B, and interact with GATOR2 with unknown effects.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Ras related GTP binding B	Homo sapiens	115-121
27423549-10	2017	Additionally, p.S885N and p.R1441H mutations caused reduced interaction between LRRK2 and ARHGEF7, a putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor for LRRK2, whereas this interaction was well preserved in p.R767H and p.G2019S mutations.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	80-85
27423549-10	2017	Additionally, p.S885N and p.R1441H mutations caused reduced interaction between LRRK2 and ARHGEF7, a putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor for LRRK2, whereas this interaction was well preserved in p.R767H and p.G2019S mutations.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	90-97
27617576-5	2017	Consistent with the role of SOS1/EPS8/ABI1 complex as a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, depleting Rac1 results in the loss of most of mesenchymal traits in mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cells, whereas expressing constitutively active Rac1 leads to EMT in epithelial-like ovarian cancer cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	28-32
27617576-5	2017	Consistent with the role of SOS1/EPS8/ABI1 complex as a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, depleting Rac1 results in the loss of most of mesenchymal traits in mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cells, whereas expressing constitutively active Rac1 leads to EMT in epithelial-like ovarian cancer cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8	Mus musculus	33-37
27617576-5	2017	Consistent with the role of SOS1/EPS8/ABI1 complex as a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, depleting Rac1 results in the loss of most of mesenchymal traits in mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cells, whereas expressing constitutively active Rac1 leads to EMT in epithelial-like ovarian cancer cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	abl interactor 1	Mus musculus	38-42
27617576-5	2017	Consistent with the role of SOS1/EPS8/ABI1 complex as a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, depleting Rac1 results in the loss of most of mesenchymal traits in mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cells, whereas expressing constitutively active Rac1 leads to EMT in epithelial-like ovarian cancer cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	56-60
27617576-5	2017	Consistent with the role of SOS1/EPS8/ABI1 complex as a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, depleting Rac1 results in the loss of most of mesenchymal traits in mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cells, whereas expressing constitutively active Rac1 leads to EMT in epithelial-like ovarian cancer cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	116-120
27617576-5	2017	Consistent with the role of SOS1/EPS8/ABI1 complex as a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, depleting Rac1 results in the loss of most of mesenchymal traits in mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cells, whereas expressing constitutively active Rac1 leads to EMT in epithelial-like ovarian cancer cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	116-120
28003365-1	2017	ADP-ribosylation factor GTPases are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors including Gbf1 (Golgi brefeldin A-resistant factor 1) and play important roles in regulating organelle structure and cargo-selective vesicle trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Danio rerio	95-99
28001387-1	2017	Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (Galpha proteins) are intracellular nanomachines deputed to signal transduction.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	52-58
28003365-1	2017	ADP-ribosylation factor GTPases are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors including Gbf1 (Golgi brefeldin A-resistant factor 1) and play important roles in regulating organelle structure and cargo-selective vesicle trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Danio rerio	101-137
27776975-1	2017	The Small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) functions as the molecular switch in cellular signaling pathways by cycling between GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active form, which is precisely regulated by two regulators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	228-246	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	17-42
28074005-3	2017	We analyzed whether Nav1.7 deficiency altered nociceptive heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, such as initiated by GPCRs that respond to serotonin (pronociceptive) or opioids (antinociceptive), in sensory neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	sodium channel, voltage-gated, type IX, alpha	Mus musculus	20-26
28284242-4	2017	RCC1 is the major nuclear guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Ran enzyme.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
27221061-1	2017	Despite their homologous structure and central nervous system(CNS) expression patterns, the GRF1 and GRF2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors(GEF) appear to play distinct, non-overlapping functions in cellular excitability, synaptic plasticity or neuromodulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2	Mus musculus	101-105
27221061-1	2017	Despite their homologous structure and central nervous system(CNS) expression patterns, the GRF1 and GRF2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors(GEF) appear to play distinct, non-overlapping functions in cellular excitability, synaptic plasticity or neuromodulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	142-145
27776975-1	2017	The Small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) functions as the molecular switch in cellular signaling pathways by cycling between GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active form, which is precisely regulated by two regulators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	228-246	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	44-48
29149411-3	2017	Certain aspects of its structure show remarkable similarities to guanine nucleotide-free chaperons Mss4 and Dss4 suggesting that at least some functions of TCTP may depend on its chaperon-like action on other proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	99-103
27900608-1	2017	Epac1 and Epac2 are cyclic nucleotide-binding (CNB) domain containing proteins, which were originally identified as cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small G-protein Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
27900608-1	2017	Epac1 and Epac2 are cyclic nucleotide-binding (CNB) domain containing proteins, which were originally identified as cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small G-protein Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	10-15
28523202-2	2017	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6 or IBP, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases, which regulates CD4+ T cell inflammatory responses by controlling Ca2+/NFAT signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	33-37
28523202-2	2017	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6 or IBP, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases, which regulates CD4+ T cell inflammatory responses by controlling Ca2+/NFAT signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	54-58
28523202-2	2017	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6 or IBP, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases, which regulates CD4+ T cell inflammatory responses by controlling Ca2+/NFAT signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	62-65
27622243-7	2017	The most connected miRNA in this network was miR-27a-3p [e.g., with Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 26 (ARHGEF26)], which was expressed in medial and neointimal SMCs in a Dicer-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 26	Mus musculus	111-119
29149411-3	2017	Certain aspects of its structure show remarkable similarities to guanine nucleotide-free chaperons Mss4 and Dss4 suggesting that at least some functions of TCTP may depend on its chaperon-like action on other proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	156-160
28255536-3	2016	Furthermore, Rac has two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Vav and Sos, whose role in activating Rac is not well understood.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
28008853-2	2016	Using Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange-Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS) we show that Ric-8A disrupts the secondary structure of the Galpha Ras-like domain that girds the guanine nucleotide-binding site, and destabilizes the interface between the Galphai1 Ras and helical domains, allowing domain separation and nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	74-80
28008853-2	2016	Using Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange-Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS) we show that Ric-8A disrupts the secondary structure of the Galpha Ras-like domain that girds the guanine nucleotide-binding site, and destabilizes the interface between the Galphai1 Ras and helical domains, allowing domain separation and nucleotide release.	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	121-127
27907191-4	2016	This interacting protein, Trio, is a member of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) known to regulate the dynamic assembly of actin and growth factor dependent axon guidance and synaptic growth.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	26-30
28036092-2	2016	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11 (ARHGEF11) is a specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for RhoA, which is a critical regulator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics and organization of dendritic spines and inhibitor of spine maintenance.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	43-51
28036092-2	2016	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11 (ARHGEF11) is a specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for RhoA, which is a critical regulator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics and organization of dendritic spines and inhibitor of spine maintenance.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	113-117
27742837-2	2016	Active Galphaq binds its two major classes of effectors, the phospholipase C (PLC)-beta isozymes and Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) related to Trio, in a strikingly similar fashion: a continuous helix-turn-helix of the effectors engages Galphaq within its canonical binding site consisting of a groove formed between switch II and helix alpha3.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha q polypeptide	Mus musculus	7-14
27742837-2	2016	Active Galphaq binds its two major classes of effectors, the phospholipase C (PLC)-beta isozymes and Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) related to Trio, in a strikingly similar fashion: a continuous helix-turn-helix of the effectors engages Galphaq within its canonical binding site consisting of a groove formed between switch II and helix alpha3.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting)	Mus musculus	162-166
27765816-1	2016	PLEKHG2/FLJ00018 is a Gbetagamma-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rac and Cdc42 and has been shown to mediate the signaling pathways leading to actin cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	pleckstrin homology and RhoGEF domain containing G2	Homo sapiens	0-7
27765816-1	2016	PLEKHG2/FLJ00018 is a Gbetagamma-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rac and Cdc42 and has been shown to mediate the signaling pathways leading to actin cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	108-113
27788493-0	2016	Multisite phosphorylation of P-Rex1 by protein kinase C. P-Rex proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that act on the Rho/Rac family of GTP binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	29-35
28255536-3	2016	Furthermore, Rac has two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Vav and Sos, whose role in activating Rac is not well understood.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
28255536-3	2016	Furthermore, Rac has two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Vav and Sos, whose role in activating Rac is not well understood.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	100-103
27535433-4	2016	Arf1 is activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, but essential roles for Arf1 GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) are less clear.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	ADP ribosylation factor at 79F	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
27827364-2	2016	The timing of this interaction and consequent endosomal dynamics are thought to be regulated by the guanine nucleotide cycle of Rab7.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	128-132
27519290-1	2016	In the absence of an experimental bTLR8 structure, recent studies have called attention to the fact that bTLR8 can also be activated by hTLR7/hTLR8 agonist, such as antiviral imidazoquinoline derivatives of resiquimod (R848) and imiquimod (R837) as well as some guanine nucleotide analogs with a scaffold structure related to the nucleic acids of ssRNA virus.	Guanine Nucleotides	262-280	toll like receptor 7	Homo sapiens	136-141
27519290-1	2016	In the absence of an experimental bTLR8 structure, recent studies have called attention to the fact that bTLR8 can also be activated by hTLR7/hTLR8 agonist, such as antiviral imidazoquinoline derivatives of resiquimod (R848) and imiquimod (R837) as well as some guanine nucleotide analogs with a scaffold structure related to the nucleic acids of ssRNA virus.	Guanine Nucleotides	262-280	toll like receptor 8	Homo sapiens	142-147
27773821-1	2016	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that promotes the active GTP-bound form of Ral GTPases, RalA and RalB.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	0-6
27773821-1	2016	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that promotes the active GTP-bound form of Ral GTPases, RalA and RalB.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
27773821-1	2016	RalGDS is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that promotes the active GTP-bound form of Ral GTPases, RalA and RalB.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Homo sapiens	112-116
27633000-5	2016	We further discovered that a new ternary complex, comprising TNPO1, Rab8 and a CTS, can assemble or disassemble under the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	transportin 1	Homo sapiens	61-66
27633000-5	2016	We further discovered that a new ternary complex, comprising TNPO1, Rab8 and a CTS, can assemble or disassemble under the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	68-72
27633000-5	2016	We further discovered that a new ternary complex, comprising TNPO1, Rab8 and a CTS, can assemble or disassemble under the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	162-166
27693507-3	2016	Here we show how the acute knockdown of the Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) gene DOCK6, coding for a RAC1/CDC42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, results in strikingly different phenotypes to those generated by genomic DOCK6 disruption.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	dedicator of cytokinesis 6	Homo sapiens	77-82
27693507-3	2016	Here we show how the acute knockdown of the Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) gene DOCK6, coding for a RAC1/CDC42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, results in strikingly different phenotypes to those generated by genomic DOCK6 disruption.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	102-107
27708257-3	2016	Our structural and biochemical results reveal that four domains of human eEFSec fold into a chalice-like structure that has similar binding affinities for GDP, GTP and other guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-193	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	73-79
27708257-4	2016	Surprisingly, unlike in eEF1A and EF-Tu, the guanine nucleotide exchange does not cause a major conformational change in domain 1 of eEFSec, but instead induces a swing of domain 4.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	133-139
27115600-5	2016	Rem molecular determinants required for BBD CaV1.2 inhibition are the distal C-terminus and the guanine nucleotide binding G-domain which interact with the plasma membrane and CaVbeta, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C	Homo sapiens	44-50
27621449-4	2016	Here we report that GIV is a bifunctional modulator of G proteins; it serves as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galphas using the same motif that allows it to serve as a GEF for Galphai.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	20-23
27597758-5	2016	Systematic depletion of Rho family GTPases and their regulatory proteins identified the Rac subfamily and the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam2 as key components of EphB2 trans-endocytosis, a pathway previously implicated in Eph forward signaling, in which ephrins act as in trans ligands of Eph receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
27597758-5	2016	Systematic depletion of Rho family GTPases and their regulatory proteins identified the Rac subfamily and the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam2 as key components of EphB2 trans-endocytosis, a pathway previously implicated in Eph forward signaling, in which ephrins act as in trans ligands of Eph receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	158-163
27597758-5	2016	Systematic depletion of Rho family GTPases and their regulatory proteins identified the Rac subfamily and the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam2 as key components of EphB2 trans-endocytosis, a pathway previously implicated in Eph forward signaling, in which ephrins act as in trans ligands of Eph receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	123-141	EPH receptor B2	Homo sapiens	185-190
27115600-5	2016	Rem molecular determinants required for BBD CaV1.2 inhibition are the distal C-terminus and the guanine nucleotide binding G-domain which interact with the plasma membrane and CaVbeta, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	carbonic anhydrase 5B	Homo sapiens	176-183
27693992-10	2016	Glutathionylation of Rac1 on cysteine 81 and 157 located adjacent to guanine nucleotide binding site was required for the metabolic stress to inhibit Rac1 activity and promote endothelial hyperpermeability.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
27693992-10	2016	Glutathionylation of Rac1 on cysteine 81 and 157 located adjacent to guanine nucleotide binding site was required for the metabolic stress to inhibit Rac1 activity and promote endothelial hyperpermeability.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
27598965-3	2016	However, the role of Epac1 and Epac2 (Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors, RAPGEF3 and RAPGEF4, respectively) as potential downstream targets of SSRI/cAMP in mood regulations is not yet clear.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 4	Mus musculus	31-36
27498141-3	2016	We examined the somatic mutations of GNAQ and GNA11 (GNAQ/11, encoding the guanine nucleotide-binding alpha subunits) in MM and evaluated their correlation to clinicopathologic features of MM.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	53-57
27330119-9	2016	Furthermore, neurite outgrowth suppressed by ACAP3 knockdown was rescued by expression of a fast cycle mutant of Arf6 that spontaneously exchanges guanine nucleotides on Arf6, but not by that of wild-type, GTP- or GDP-locked mutant Arf6.	Guanine Nucleotides	147-166	ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 3	Mus musculus	45-50
27330119-9	2016	Furthermore, neurite outgrowth suppressed by ACAP3 knockdown was rescued by expression of a fast cycle mutant of Arf6 that spontaneously exchanges guanine nucleotides on Arf6, but not by that of wild-type, GTP- or GDP-locked mutant Arf6.	Guanine Nucleotides	147-166	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	113-117
27330119-9	2016	Furthermore, neurite outgrowth suppressed by ACAP3 knockdown was rescued by expression of a fast cycle mutant of Arf6 that spontaneously exchanges guanine nucleotides on Arf6, but not by that of wild-type, GTP- or GDP-locked mutant Arf6.	Guanine Nucleotides	147-166	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	170-174
27330119-9	2016	Furthermore, neurite outgrowth suppressed by ACAP3 knockdown was rescued by expression of a fast cycle mutant of Arf6 that spontaneously exchanges guanine nucleotides on Arf6, but not by that of wild-type, GTP- or GDP-locked mutant Arf6.	Guanine Nucleotides	147-166	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	170-174
27440754-3	2016	Here, we demonstrate that during the late petal development stages, SPIKE1 (SPK1), encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, activates Rho of Plants (ROP) GTPase proteins (ROP2, ROP4, and ROP6) to affect anisotropic expansion of epidermal cells in both petal blades and claws, thereby affecting anisotropic growth of the petal and the final characteristic organ shape.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	guanyl-nucleotide exchange factors;GTPase binding;GTP binding protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	68-74
27241101-2	2016	It is the fourth member of the EFA6 family with guanine nucleotide exchange activity for Arf6, a small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) that regulates endosomal trafficking and actin cytoskeleton remodeling.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	89-93
27440754-3	2016	Here, we demonstrate that during the late petal development stages, SPIKE1 (SPK1), encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, activates Rho of Plants (ROP) GTPase proteins (ROP2, ROP4, and ROP6) to affect anisotropic expansion of epidermal cells in both petal blades and claws, thereby affecting anisotropic growth of the petal and the final characteristic organ shape.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	guanyl-nucleotide exchange factors;GTPase binding;GTP binding protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-80
27440754-3	2016	Here, we demonstrate that during the late petal development stages, SPIKE1 (SPK1), encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, activates Rho of Plants (ROP) GTPase proteins (ROP2, ROP4, and ROP6) to affect anisotropic expansion of epidermal cells in both petal blades and claws, thereby affecting anisotropic growth of the petal and the final characteristic organ shape.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	RHO-related protein from plants 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	177-181
27440754-3	2016	Here, we demonstrate that during the late petal development stages, SPIKE1 (SPK1), encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, activates Rho of Plants (ROP) GTPase proteins (ROP2, ROP4, and ROP6) to affect anisotropic expansion of epidermal cells in both petal blades and claws, thereby affecting anisotropic growth of the petal and the final characteristic organ shape.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	RAC-like GTP binding protein 5	Arabidopsis thaliana	183-187
27440754-3	2016	Here, we demonstrate that during the late petal development stages, SPIKE1 (SPK1), encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, activates Rho of Plants (ROP) GTPase proteins (ROP2, ROP4, and ROP6) to affect anisotropic expansion of epidermal cells in both petal blades and claws, thereby affecting anisotropic growth of the petal and the final characteristic organ shape.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	RAC-like 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	193-197
27525924-3	2016	Previous studies have suggested that PCP2 is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, or a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	Purkinje cell protein 2 (L7)	Mus musculus	37-41
27558716-1	2016	Resistance to Inhibitors of Cholinesterase A (Ric-8A) is a 60-kDa cytosolic protein that has chaperone and guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits of the i, q, and 12/13 classes, catalyzing the release of GDP from Galpha and subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	46-52
27558716-1	2016	Resistance to Inhibitors of Cholinesterase A (Ric-8A) is a 60-kDa cytosolic protein that has chaperone and guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits of the i, q, and 12/13 classes, catalyzing the release of GDP from Galpha and subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	136-139
27558716-1	2016	Resistance to Inhibitors of Cholinesterase A (Ric-8A) is a 60-kDa cytosolic protein that has chaperone and guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits of the i, q, and 12/13 classes, catalyzing the release of GDP from Galpha and subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	264-270
27476596-4	2016	In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) Rdi1 recycles Cdc42 through the cytoplasm.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Rdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	81-85
27476596-4	2016	In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) Rdi1 recycles Cdc42 through the cytoplasm.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	95-100
27500526-6	2016	Furthermore, we reveal for first time that Rab1b localization time at ERES depended on GBF1, a Rab1b effector that acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Arf1, and that Rab1b membrane association/dissociation dynamics at ERES was dependent on the GBF1 membrane association and activity, which strongly suggests that GBF1 activity modulates Rab1b membrane cycling dynamic.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	43-48
27500526-6	2016	Furthermore, we reveal for first time that Rab1b localization time at ERES depended on GBF1, a Rab1b effector that acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Arf1, and that Rab1b membrane association/dissociation dynamics at ERES was dependent on the GBF1 membrane association and activity, which strongly suggests that GBF1 activity modulates Rab1b membrane cycling dynamic.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
27500526-6	2016	Furthermore, we reveal for first time that Rab1b localization time at ERES depended on GBF1, a Rab1b effector that acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Arf1, and that Rab1b membrane association/dissociation dynamics at ERES was dependent on the GBF1 membrane association and activity, which strongly suggests that GBF1 activity modulates Rab1b membrane cycling dynamic.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	95-100
27500526-6	2016	Furthermore, we reveal for first time that Rab1b localization time at ERES depended on GBF1, a Rab1b effector that acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Arf1, and that Rab1b membrane association/dissociation dynamics at ERES was dependent on the GBF1 membrane association and activity, which strongly suggests that GBF1 activity modulates Rab1b membrane cycling dynamic.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	165-169
27500526-6	2016	Furthermore, we reveal for first time that Rab1b localization time at ERES depended on GBF1, a Rab1b effector that acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Arf1, and that Rab1b membrane association/dissociation dynamics at ERES was dependent on the GBF1 membrane association and activity, which strongly suggests that GBF1 activity modulates Rab1b membrane cycling dynamic.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	95-100
27500526-6	2016	Furthermore, we reveal for first time that Rab1b localization time at ERES depended on GBF1, a Rab1b effector that acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Arf1, and that Rab1b membrane association/dissociation dynamics at ERES was dependent on the GBF1 membrane association and activity, which strongly suggests that GBF1 activity modulates Rab1b membrane cycling dynamic.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	95-100
27381255-3	2016	The C-terminal region of Ski7 (Ski7C) binds guanine nucleotides and shares overall sequence and structural homology with the proteins of the translational GTPase superfamily, especially the tRNA/tRNA-mimic carrier protein subfamilies such as EF1alpha, eRF3, and Hbs1.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-63	Ski7p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-29
27167578-7	2016	Proteomic analysis of immunoprecipitated alpha7 nAChR complexes from differentiating PC12 cells and synaptic fractions of the developing mouse hippocampus revealed the existence of Rho GTPase-regulating guanine nucleotide exchange factors within alpha7 nAChR interactomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 7	Mus musculus	41-53
27167578-7	2016	Proteomic analysis of immunoprecipitated alpha7 nAChR complexes from differentiating PC12 cells and synaptic fractions of the developing mouse hippocampus revealed the existence of Rho GTPase-regulating guanine nucleotide exchange factors within alpha7 nAChR interactomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 7	Mus musculus	246-258
27152953-0	2016	Proteomic analysis of Rac1 signaling regulation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
27152953-3	2016	The diversity of Rac1 functioning in cells is mainly attributed to its ability to bind to a multitude of downstream effectors following activation by Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
27381255-3	2016	The C-terminal region of Ski7 (Ski7C) binds guanine nucleotides and shares overall sequence and structural homology with the proteins of the translational GTPase superfamily, especially the tRNA/tRNA-mimic carrier protein subfamilies such as EF1alpha, eRF3, and Hbs1.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-63	Ski7p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-36
27189938-4	2016	This study also showed that, despite the conservation of the catalytic activity of RhoGAP (Rho-specific GAP) on the 6-TGTP-Rac1 adduct to produce the biologically inactive 6-thioguanosine diphosphate (6-TGDP)-Rac1 adduct, RhoGEF (Rho-specific GEF) cannot exchange the 6-TGDP adducted on Rac1 with free guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	302-320	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	83-89
27189938-4	2016	This study also showed that, despite the conservation of the catalytic activity of RhoGAP (Rho-specific GAP) on the 6-TGTP-Rac1 adduct to produce the biologically inactive 6-thioguanosine diphosphate (6-TGDP)-Rac1 adduct, RhoGEF (Rho-specific GEF) cannot exchange the 6-TGDP adducted on Rac1 with free guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	302-320	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	91-107
27197236-0	2016	The tumor-suppressive small GTPase DiRas1 binds the noncanonical guanine nucleotide exchange factor SmgGDS and antagonizes SmgGDS interactions with oncogenic small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	DIRAS family GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	35-41
27390776-0	2016	Crucial Role of Rapgef2 and Rapgef6, a Family of Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors for Rap1 Small GTPase, in Formation of Apical Surface Adherens Junctions and Neural Progenitor Development in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	16-23
27390776-0	2016	Crucial Role of Rapgef2 and Rapgef6, a Family of Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors for Rap1 Small GTPase, in Formation of Apical Surface Adherens Junctions and Neural Progenitor Development in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 6	Mus musculus	28-35
27390776-0	2016	Crucial Role of Rapgef2 and Rapgef6, a Family of Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors for Rap1 Small GTPase, in Formation of Apical Surface Adherens Junctions and Neural Progenitor Development in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	89-93
27390776-2	2016	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 constitute a unique family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1 small GTPase, which is known to play crucial roles in migration of postmitotic neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	0-7
27390776-2	2016	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 constitute a unique family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1 small GTPase, which is known to play crucial roles in migration of postmitotic neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 6	Mus musculus	12-19
27390776-2	2016	Rapgef2 and Rapgef6 constitute a unique family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1 small GTPase, which is known to play crucial roles in migration of postmitotic neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	90-94
27182061-2	2016	The PIX proteins, alpha-PIX and beta-PIX (also known as ARHGEF6 and ARHGEF7, respectively), are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (activators) for the Rho family small GTP-binding protein family members Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	18-27
27274054-3	2016	Here, using the bipolar PLM neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) UNC-73/Trio and TIAM-1 promote anterior and posterior neurite extension, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	Uncharacterized protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	123-129
27274054-3	2016	Here, using the bipolar PLM neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) UNC-73/Trio and TIAM-1 promote anterior and posterior neurite extension, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	DH domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	139-145
27120804-8	2016	Autophagic regulation of RhoA activity was dependent on GEF-H1, a member of the RhoA family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	25-29
27120804-8	2016	Autophagic regulation of RhoA activity was dependent on GEF-H1, a member of the RhoA family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	56-62
27120804-8	2016	Autophagic regulation of RhoA activity was dependent on GEF-H1, a member of the RhoA family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	80-84
26874054-11	2016	Upon binding AMP and guanine nucleotides a deeper free-energy level stabilized the intermediate-state of the AAC2 hampering the transition to the m-state.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-40	solute carrier family 25 member 5	Homo sapiens	109-113
27162341-4	2016	Depletion of BIG1 and/or BIG2 or overexpression of guanine nucleotide-exchange factor inactive mutant, but not wild-type, proteins interfered with beta-catenin trafficking, leading to accumulation at perinuclear Golgi structures.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	147-159
27182061-2	2016	The PIX proteins, alpha-PIX and beta-PIX (also known as ARHGEF6 and ARHGEF7, respectively), are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (activators) for the Rho family small GTP-binding protein family members Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	32-40
27182061-2	2016	The PIX proteins, alpha-PIX and beta-PIX (also known as ARHGEF6 and ARHGEF7, respectively), are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (activators) for the Rho family small GTP-binding protein family members Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	56-63
27182061-2	2016	The PIX proteins, alpha-PIX and beta-PIX (also known as ARHGEF6 and ARHGEF7, respectively), are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (activators) for the Rho family small GTP-binding protein family members Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	68-75
27182061-2	2016	The PIX proteins, alpha-PIX and beta-PIX (also known as ARHGEF6 and ARHGEF7, respectively), are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (activators) for the Rho family small GTP-binding protein family members Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	205-209
27182061-2	2016	The PIX proteins, alpha-PIX and beta-PIX (also known as ARHGEF6 and ARHGEF7, respectively), are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (activators) for the Rho family small GTP-binding protein family members Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	214-219
27197236-0	2016	The tumor-suppressive small GTPase DiRas1 binds the noncanonical guanine nucleotide exchange factor SmgGDS and antagonizes SmgGDS interactions with oncogenic small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	100-106
27197236-0	2016	The tumor-suppressive small GTPase DiRas1 binds the noncanonical guanine nucleotide exchange factor SmgGDS and antagonizes SmgGDS interactions with oncogenic small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	123-129
26854595-3	2016	Exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) is a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small Ras-like GTPases Rap, and is being considered as a vital mediator of cAMP signaling in parallel with the principal cAMP target protein kinase A (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
27149377-1	2016	The human genome contains six genes coding for proteins validated in vitro as specific activators of the small GTPases "Ras-related protein Ral-A" and "Ras-related protein Ral-B", generically named Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	202-220	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	140-178
27149377-1	2016	The human genome contains six genes coding for proteins validated in vitro as specific activators of the small GTPases "Ras-related protein Ral-A" and "Ras-related protein Ral-B", generically named Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	202-220	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	140-143
26854595-3	2016	Exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) is a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small Ras-like GTPases Rap, and is being considered as a vital mediator of cAMP signaling in parallel with the principal cAMP target protein kinase A (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	131-134
26854595-3	2016	Exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) is a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small Ras-like GTPases Rap, and is being considered as a vital mediator of cAMP signaling in parallel with the principal cAMP target protein kinase A (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	241-257
26854595-3	2016	Exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) is a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the small Ras-like GTPases Rap, and is being considered as a vital mediator of cAMP signaling in parallel with the principal cAMP target protein kinase A (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	259-262
27109834-2	2016	We previously showed that human Ngb acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric Gi/o proteins and inhibits the decrease in cAMP concentration, leading to protection against cell death.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	32-35
26794801-1	2016	Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta (EEF1D) gene encodes guanine nucleotide exchange protein eEF1Bdelta, which participates in the eukaryotic protein synthesis, and plays important roles in regulating cell cycling and milk production.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	elongation factor 1-delta	Capra hircus	0-48
26794801-1	2016	Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta (EEF1D) gene encodes guanine nucleotide exchange protein eEF1Bdelta, which participates in the eukaryotic protein synthesis, and plays important roles in regulating cell cycling and milk production.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	elongation factor 1-delta	Capra hircus	50-55
26814130-0	2016	The Tumor-suppressive Small GTPase DiRas1 Binds the Noncanonical Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor SmgGDS and Antagonizes SmgGDS Interactions with Oncogenic Small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	DIRAS family GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	35-41
26884337-0	2016	Subunit-selective N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Signaling through Brefeldin A-resistant Arf Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors BRAG1 and BRAG2 during Synapse Maturation.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	IQ motif and Sec7 domain 2	Mus musculus	135-140
26884337-0	2016	Subunit-selective N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Signaling through Brefeldin A-resistant Arf Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors BRAG1 and BRAG2 during Synapse Maturation.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	IQ motif and Sec7 domain 1	Mus musculus	145-150
26884337-2	2016	Here we show that NMDARs control the activity of the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) by consecutively recruiting two related brefeldin A-resistant Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, BRAG1 and BRAG2, in a GluN2 subunit-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	165-183	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	66-91
26884337-2	2016	Here we show that NMDARs control the activity of the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) by consecutively recruiting two related brefeldin A-resistant Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, BRAG1 and BRAG2, in a GluN2 subunit-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	165-183	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	93-97
26884337-2	2016	Here we show that NMDARs control the activity of the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) by consecutively recruiting two related brefeldin A-resistant Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, BRAG1 and BRAG2, in a GluN2 subunit-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	165-183	IQ motif and Sec7 domain 1	Mus musculus	212-217
27070950-1	2016	Emergence of the cytokinetic Rho zone that orchestrates formation and ingression of the cleavage furrow had been explained previously via microtubule-dependent cortical concentration of Ect2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho.	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	186-190
27015411-4	2016	From a dominant loss-of-function genetic screen, we discovered that mutations of a Dbl-family member, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DRhoGEF2 (DRhoGEF22(l)04291), suppressed the PTEN-overexpression eye phenotype.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Drosophila melanogaster	141-149
27015411-4	2016	From a dominant loss-of-function genetic screen, we discovered that mutations of a Dbl-family member, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DRhoGEF2 (DRhoGEF22(l)04291), suppressed the PTEN-overexpression eye phenotype.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Drosophila melanogaster	151-168
27015411-4	2016	From a dominant loss-of-function genetic screen, we discovered that mutations of a Dbl-family member, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DRhoGEF2 (DRhoGEF22(l)04291), suppressed the PTEN-overexpression eye phenotype.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Phosphatase and tensin homolog	Drosophila melanogaster	186-190
27150042-1	2016	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1) is a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor synergistically activated by PIP3 and Gbetagamma that plays an important role in the metastasis of breast, prostate, and skin cancer, making it an attractive therapeutic target.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	75-81
26814130-0	2016	The Tumor-suppressive Small GTPase DiRas1 Binds the Noncanonical Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor SmgGDS and Antagonizes SmgGDS Interactions with Oncogenic Small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	100-106
26814130-0	2016	The Tumor-suppressive Small GTPase DiRas1 Binds the Noncanonical Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor SmgGDS and Antagonizes SmgGDS Interactions with Oncogenic Small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	123-129
26814130-5	2016	SmgGDS is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RhoA, but we report here that SmgGDS does not mediate GDP/GTP exchange on DiRas1.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
27462445-4	2016	Amino acid sufficiency is communicated to TORC1 via the highly conserved family of Rag GTPases, which assemble as heterodimeric complexes on lysosomal/vacuolar membranes and are regulated by their guanine nucleotide loading status.	Guanine Nucleotides	197-215	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
26759237-5	2016	Mechanistic investigations revealed that RASSF1A blocked tumor growth by stimulating cofilin/PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1, thereby stimulating its ability to activate the antimetastatic small GTPase RhoB.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	Ras association domain family member 1	Homo sapiens	41-48
26759237-5	2016	Mechanistic investigations revealed that RASSF1A blocked tumor growth by stimulating cofilin/PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1, thereby stimulating its ability to activate the antimetastatic small GTPase RhoB.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	85-92
26759237-5	2016	Mechanistic investigations revealed that RASSF1A blocked tumor growth by stimulating cofilin/PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1, thereby stimulating its ability to activate the antimetastatic small GTPase RhoB.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	93-97
26759237-5	2016	Mechanistic investigations revealed that RASSF1A blocked tumor growth by stimulating cofilin/PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1, thereby stimulating its ability to activate the antimetastatic small GTPase RhoB.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	167-173
26759237-5	2016	Mechanistic investigations revealed that RASSF1A blocked tumor growth by stimulating cofilin/PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1, thereby stimulating its ability to activate the antimetastatic small GTPase RhoB.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	251-255
26719334-6	2016	We discover that lysine acetylation impairs Rho protein binding and increases guanine nucleotide exchange factor-catalyzed nucleotide exchange on RhoA, these two functions being prerequisites to constitute a bona fide GDI displacement factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	146-150
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	41-45
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	46-50
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	MAP kinase-activating death domain protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	78-83
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	Rab3	Drosophila melanogaster	85-89
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor at 64C	Drosophila melanogaster	90-93
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor at 64C	Drosophila melanogaster	135-138
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	Ras-related protein Rab-3	Caenorhabditis elegans	144-148
26961657-6	2016	PRK6 interacted with pollen-expressed ROPGEFs (Rho of plant guanine nucleotide-exchange factors), which are important for pollen tube growth through activation of the signalling switch Rho GTPase ROP1 (refs 7, 8).	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	Leucine-rich repeat protein kinase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
26961657-6	2016	PRK6 interacted with pollen-expressed ROPGEFs (Rho of plant guanine nucleotide-exchange factors), which are important for pollen tube growth through activation of the signalling switch Rho GTPase ROP1 (refs 7, 8).	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	RHO-related protein from plants 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	196-200
26887924-0	2016	Differential Rac1 signalling by guanine nucleotide exchange factors implicates FLII in regulating Rac1-driven cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
26887924-0	2016	Differential Rac1 signalling by guanine nucleotide exchange factors implicates FLII in regulating Rac1-driven cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	FLII actin remodeling protein	Homo sapiens	79-83
26890939-9	2016	Moreover, a Rich null mutation phenocopies the Rab6 null mutant, indicating that Rich functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab6.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	Rab6	Drosophila melanogaster	47-51
26890939-9	2016	Moreover, a Rich null mutation phenocopies the Rab6 null mutant, indicating that Rich functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab6.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	Rab6	Drosophila melanogaster	140-144
26887924-0	2016	Differential Rac1 signalling by guanine nucleotide exchange factors implicates FLII in regulating Rac1-driven cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
26761128-8	2016	We observe that the catalytic domain of GDP-bound K-Ras4A has a more exposed nucleotide binding pocket than K-Ras4B, and the dynamic fluctuations in switch I and II regions also differ; both factors may influence guanine-nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	213-231	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	50-57
26542736-0	2016	Guanine nucleotide induced conformational change of Cdc42 revealed by hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	52-57
26867649-1	2016	K-Ras4B is a small GTPase that belongs to the Ras superfamily of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-7
26705305-4	2016	The suppression of eIF2alpha phosphorylation via MPT synthase and ATAC prevented sequestration of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, which recycles eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP, resulting in the promotion of translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	19-28
26705305-4	2016	The suppression of eIF2alpha phosphorylation via MPT synthase and ATAC prevented sequestration of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, which recycles eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP, resulting in the promotion of translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	137-142
26705305-4	2016	The suppression of eIF2alpha phosphorylation via MPT synthase and ATAC prevented sequestration of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, which recycles eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP, resulting in the promotion of translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	19-23
26705305-4	2016	The suppression of eIF2alpha phosphorylation via MPT synthase and ATAC prevented sequestration of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, which recycles eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP, resulting in the promotion of translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	137-141
26687416-0	2016	The structure of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Rlf in complex with the small G-protein Ral identifies conformational intermediates of the exchange reaction and the basis for the selectivity.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	RLF zinc finger	Homo sapiens	56-59
26687416-0	2016	The structure of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Rlf in complex with the small G-protein Ral identifies conformational intermediates of the exchange reaction and the basis for the selectivity.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	96-99
26627821-4	2016	It has only recently been accepted that the Mon1-Ccz1 complex is a Rab7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, but it still remains unclear what the location where Mon1-Ccz1 works with Rab7 is.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	CCZ1 homolog, vacuolar protein trafficking and biogenesis associated	Homo sapiens	49-53
26627821-4	2016	It has only recently been accepted that the Mon1-Ccz1 complex is a Rab7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, but it still remains unclear what the location where Mon1-Ccz1 works with Rab7 is.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	67-71
26627821-4	2016	It has only recently been accepted that the Mon1-Ccz1 complex is a Rab7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, but it still remains unclear what the location where Mon1-Ccz1 works with Rab7 is.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	CCZ1 homolog, vacuolar protein trafficking and biogenesis associated	Homo sapiens	166-170
26804993-4	2016	We found that PKA phosphorylation of Rasgrp2 activated its guanine nucleotide-exchange activity on Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAS, guanyl releasing protein 2	Mus musculus	37-44
26804993-4	2016	We found that PKA phosphorylation of Rasgrp2 activated its guanine nucleotide-exchange activity on Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	99-103
26587907-2	2016	eEF1Balpha functions as a catalyst of guanine nucleotide exchange on translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A).	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	103-108
26587907-7	2016	Truncation of the N-terminal domain of eEF1Balpha, which is dispensable for catalytic activity, resulted in acceleration of the rate of guanine nucleotide exchange on eEF1A compared to full-length eEF1Balpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	167-172
26587907-9	2016	We suggest that the non-catalytic N-terminal domain of eEF1Balpha may interfere with eEF1A binding to the C-terminal catalytic domain, resulting in a decrease in the overall rate of the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-204	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	85-90
26818503-7	2016	In terms of the signaling pathway(s) used by the repulsive receptors, mutations in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio strongly enhance the repulsive activity of all three intracellular domains, suggesting that repulsion by Unc5, Robo, and Drl, and perhaps repulsion in general, involves Trio activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	trio	Drosophila melanogaster	122-126
26818503-7	2016	In terms of the signaling pathway(s) used by the repulsive receptors, mutations in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio strongly enhance the repulsive activity of all three intracellular domains, suggesting that repulsion by Unc5, Robo, and Drl, and perhaps repulsion in general, involves Trio activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	unc-5	Drosophila melanogaster	232-236
26818503-7	2016	In terms of the signaling pathway(s) used by the repulsive receptors, mutations in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio strongly enhance the repulsive activity of all three intracellular domains, suggesting that repulsion by Unc5, Robo, and Drl, and perhaps repulsion in general, involves Trio activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	roundabout 1	Drosophila melanogaster	238-242
26818503-7	2016	In terms of the signaling pathway(s) used by the repulsive receptors, mutations in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio strongly enhance the repulsive activity of all three intracellular domains, suggesting that repulsion by Unc5, Robo, and Drl, and perhaps repulsion in general, involves Trio activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	derailed	Drosophila melanogaster	248-251
26818503-7	2016	In terms of the signaling pathway(s) used by the repulsive receptors, mutations in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio strongly enhance the repulsive activity of all three intracellular domains, suggesting that repulsion by Unc5, Robo, and Drl, and perhaps repulsion in general, involves Trio activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	trio	Drosophila melanogaster	296-300
26564799-1	2016	RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small GTPase Ran, plays various roles throughout the cell cycle.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Gallus gallus	0-4
26564799-1	2016	RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the small GTPase Ran, plays various roles throughout the cell cycle.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Gallus gallus	63-66
26466753-1	2016	Recently, a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors have been identified in many cell types as important effectors of cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophospahte (cAMP) signalling that is independent of protein kinase A (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Rattus norvegicus	162-166
26466753-1	2016	Recently, a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors have been identified in many cell types as important effectors of cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophospahte (cAMP) signalling that is independent of protein kinase A (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	220-223
26483385-5	2015	Knockdown of p114RhoGEF (also known as ARHGEF18), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RhoA, did not perturb the early stages of tubulogenesis induced by HGF.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 18	Canis lupus familiaris	39-47
26446352-3	2016	Guanylate kinase (GMPK) is an essential enzyme involved in the guanine nucleotide metabolism of unicellular and multicellular organisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	guanylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-16
26445410-2	2015	Prototypic for this group of glycosyltransferase toxins are Clostridium difficile toxins A and B, which modify guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Rho family.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	glycosyl transferase	Escherichia coli	29-48
26546974-7	2016	These data suggest that IMPDH2 mediated guanine nucleotide synthesis is essential for normal development of the ENS and other neural crest derivatives.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Mus musculus	24-30
26453745-1	2016	AtCYP19-4 (also known as CYP5) was previously identified as interacting in vitro with GNOM, a member of a large family of ARF guanine nucleotide exchange factors that is required for proper polar localization of the auxin efflux carrier PIN1.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	cyclophilin 5	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-9
26506309-3	2015	Here, we identify the RAB-11-interacting protein-1 (REI-1) as a unique family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for RAB-11 in Caenorhabditis elegans.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor rei-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	22-57
26458406-9	2015	NEDD4-1 promotes the migration and invasion of glioma cells via the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of cyclic nucleotide-Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (CNrasGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	0-7
26503427-0	2015	Activation of the Small G Protein Arf6 by Dynamin2 through Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors in Endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	34-38
26503427-0	2015	Activation of the Small G Protein Arf6 by Dynamin2 through Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors in Endocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	dynamin 2	Homo sapiens	42-50
26503427-5	2015	Of the Arf6-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, EFA6A, EFA6B, and EFA6D specifically interact with Dyn2.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	7-11
26503427-5	2015	Of the Arf6-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, EFA6A, EFA6B, and EFA6D specifically interact with Dyn2.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	58-63
26426338-0	2015	Rad and Rem are non-canonical G-proteins with respect to the regulatory role of guanine nucleotide binding in Ca(V)1.2 channel regulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	RRAD, Ras related glycolysis inhibitor and calcium channel regulator	Homo sapiens	0-3
26426338-0	2015	Rad and Rem are non-canonical G-proteins with respect to the regulatory role of guanine nucleotide binding in Ca(V)1.2 channel regulation.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	immunoglobulin lambda variable 2-8	Homo sapiens	110-118
26426338-3	2015	As in other Ras-like G-proteins, Rad and Rem contain a conserved guanine-nucleotide binding domain (G-domain).	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	RRAD, Ras related glycolysis inhibitor and calcium channel regulator	Homo sapiens	33-36
26627240-4	2015	Two related guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), use their PDZ domains to bind class B plexins and play critical roles in signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	56-66
26627240-4	2015	Two related guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), use their PDZ domains to bind class B plexins and play critical roles in signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	71-97
26627240-4	2015	Two related guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), PDZ-RhoGEF and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG), use their PDZ domains to bind class B plexins and play critical roles in signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	99-103
26173643-4	2015	Here, we report that missense mutations altering Son of Sevenless, Drosophila, homolog 2 (SOS2), which encodes a RAS guanine nucleotide exchange factor, occur in a small percentage of subjects with NS.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	Son of sevenless	Drosophila melanogaster	49-88
26503427-5	2015	Of the Arf6-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, EFA6A, EFA6B, and EFA6D specifically interact with Dyn2.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 4	Homo sapiens	65-70
29124214-1	2015	Guanosine monophosphate synthetase (GMPS), encoded by guaA gene, is a key enzyme for guanine nucleotide biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	GMP synthase	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	54-58
26503427-5	2015	Of the Arf6-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, EFA6A, EFA6B, and EFA6D specifically interact with Dyn2.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	76-81
26503427-5	2015	Of the Arf6-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, EFA6A, EFA6B, and EFA6D specifically interact with Dyn2.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	dynamin 2	Homo sapiens	109-113
26487707-0	2015	Mode of interaction of the Galphao subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins with the GoLoco1 motif of Drosophila Pins is determined by guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-150	G protein alpha o subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	27-34
26119090-1	2015	Mammalian exchange protein directly activated by cAMP isoform 1 (EPAC1), encoded by the RAPGEF3 gene, is one of the two-membered family of cAMP sensors that mediate the intracellular functions of cAMP by acting as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like Rap small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	214-232	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	65-70
26119090-1	2015	Mammalian exchange protein directly activated by cAMP isoform 1 (EPAC1), encoded by the RAPGEF3 gene, is one of the two-membered family of cAMP sensors that mediate the intracellular functions of cAMP by acting as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like Rap small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	214-232	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	88-95
26446225-14	2015	In particular, the roles of Rac and its regulators, such as Rac-specific GTPase-activating proteins (RacGAPs) and Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors, are a topic of focus in spine morphogenesis and cognitive ability.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	28-31
26306008-4	2015	A non-synonymous variant of FGD3 was identified as a positional candidate quantitative trait nucleotide (QTN) and the corresponding mutant protein showed reduced activity as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 3	Bos taurus	28-32
26246084-4	2015	Here we show that in knockout mice lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, RasGRF1, habituation to 30 min/day of restraint stress is markedly accelerated, such that these mice do not display elevated corticosterone levels or enhanced locomotion after 7 days of stress exposure, like WT mice do.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1	Mus musculus	83-90
26252733-3	2015	Mutant variants of Rac/Rop GTPases lacking specific functions are important tools to investigate these mechanisms, and have been employed to develop a model suggesting that RhoGAP (GTPase activating protein) and RhoGDI (Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor) mediated recycling of Rac/Rop GTPases maintains apical polarization of Rac/Rop activity in pollen tubes, which elongate by "tip growth" (an extreme form of polar cell growth).	Guanine Nucleotides	220-238	rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 1-like	Nicotiana tabacum	212-218
26322553-0	2015	Catching Functional Modes and Structural Communication in Dbl Family Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	58-61
26322553-2	2015	In this study, these approaches have been coupled to the graph theory-based Protein Structure Network (PSN) analysis to dissect functional dynamics and structural communication in the Dbl family of Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	202-220	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	184-187
26043892-4	2015	Genetic knockout of GMPS in bloodstream parasites led to depletion of guanine nucleotide pools and was lethal.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	guanine monophosphate synthetase	Mus musculus	20-24
26306008-4	2015	A non-synonymous variant of FGD3 was identified as a positional candidate quantitative trait nucleotide (QTN) and the corresponding mutant protein showed reduced activity as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	cell division cycle 42	Bos taurus	215-220
26112412-1	2015	The P-Rex (phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger) family (P-Rex1 and P-Rex2) of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rho GEFs) activate Rac GTPases to regulate cell migration, invasion, and metastasis in several human cancers.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	94-100
26112412-1	2015	The P-Rex (phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger) family (P-Rex1 and P-Rex2) of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rho GEFs) activate Rac GTPases to regulate cell migration, invasion, and metastasis in several human cancers.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	105-111
26149690-0	2015	Di-Ras2 Protein Forms a Complex with SmgGDS Protein in Brain Cytosol in Order to Be in a Low Affinity State for Guanine Nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-131	DIRAS family GTPase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
26285592-6	2015	Assays of the guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity were also carried out.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	43-46
26302791-5	2015	Further genetic data indicate that Wnt5 promotes dendrite termination on the periphery of sternites through the Ryk receptor family kinase Derailed (Drl) and the Rho GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio in C4da neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	Wnt oncogene analog 5	Drosophila melanogaster	35-39
26302791-5	2015	Further genetic data indicate that Wnt5 promotes dendrite termination on the periphery of sternites through the Ryk receptor family kinase Derailed (Drl) and the Rho GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio in C4da neurons.	Guanine Nucleotides	173-191	trio	Drosophila melanogaster	208-212
26149690-4	2015	Biochemical analysis of Di-Ras1/Di-Ras2 has revealed that they have little GTPase activity and that their intrinsic guanine-nucleotide exchange rates are much faster than that of H-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	DIRAS family GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-31
26149690-4	2015	Biochemical analysis of Di-Ras1/Di-Ras2 has revealed that they have little GTPase activity and that their intrinsic guanine-nucleotide exchange rates are much faster than that of H-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	DIRAS family GTPase 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-39
26149690-8	2015	SmgGDS is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor with multiple armadillo repeats and has recently been shown to specifically activate RhoA and RhoC.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	132-136
26149690-8	2015	SmgGDS is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor with multiple armadillo repeats and has recently been shown to specifically activate RhoA and RhoC.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	ras homolog family member C	Rattus norvegicus	141-145
26149690-9	2015	In contrast to the effect on RhoA, SmgGDS does not act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Di-Ras2 but instead tightly associates with Di-Ras2 to reduce its binding affinity for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-205	DIRAS family GTPase 2	Rattus norvegicus	143-150
26149690-12	2015	We thus propose that isoprenylated Di-Ras2 forms a tight complex with SmgGDS in cytosol immediately after its synthesis, which lowers its affinity for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	151-170	DIRAS family GTPase 2	Rattus norvegicus	35-42
25787272-0	2015	Rabin8 suppresses autophagosome formation independently of its guanine nucleotide-exchange activity towards Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	0-6
26151319-1	2015	Exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) as guanine nucleotide exchange factors mediate the effects of the pivotal second messenger cAMP, thereby regulating a wide variety of intracellular physiological and pathophysiological processes.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	46-50
26055712-1	2015	Connecdenn 1/2 are DENN (differentially expressed in normal and neoplastic cells) domain-bearing proteins that function as GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) for the small GTPase Rab35.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	DENN domain containing 1A	Homo sapiens	0-14
26321268-3	2015	Furthermore, AMPD permits the synthesis of guanine nucleotides from the larger adenylate pool.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-62	adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
26101257-1	2015	The HIV-1 restriction factor SAMHD1 is a tetrameric enzyme activated by guanine nucleotides with dNTP triphosphate hydrolase activity (dNTPase).	Guanine Nucleotides	72-91	SAM and HD domain containing deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	29-35
26101257-1	2015	The HIV-1 restriction factor SAMHD1 is a tetrameric enzyme activated by guanine nucleotides with dNTP triphosphate hydrolase activity (dNTPase).	Guanine Nucleotides	72-91	NTPase	Drosophila melanogaster	135-142
25991726-0	2015	Defective Guanine Nucleotide Exchange in the Elongation Factor-like 1 (EFL1) GTPase by Mutations in the Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome Protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	elongation factor like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	45-69
25991726-0	2015	Defective Guanine Nucleotide Exchange in the Elongation Factor-like 1 (EFL1) GTPase by Mutations in the Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome Protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	elongation factor like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
25991726-4	2015	Here we report a kinetic analysis of fluorescent guanine nucleotides binding to EFL1 alone and in the presence of SBDS using fluorescence stopped-flow spectroscopy.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-68	elongation factor like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
25991726-4	2015	Here we report a kinetic analysis of fluorescent guanine nucleotides binding to EFL1 alone and in the presence of SBDS using fluorescence stopped-flow spectroscopy.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-68	SBDS ribosome maturation factor	Homo sapiens	114-118
25991726-6	2015	Furthermore, the same behavior was observed in the presence of the SBDS protein irrespective of the guanine nucleotide evaluated.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	SBDS ribosome maturation factor	Homo sapiens	67-71
26190758-4	2015	In zebrafish ZF4 cells, Afp18(G) depolymerizes actin stress fibres by mono-O-GlcNAcylation of RhoA at tyrosine-34; thereby Afp18(G) inhibits RhoA activation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and blocks RhoA, but not Rac and Cdc42 downstream signalling.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	ras homolog gene family, member Ab	Danio rerio	94-98
26190758-4	2015	In zebrafish ZF4 cells, Afp18(G) depolymerizes actin stress fibres by mono-O-GlcNAcylation of RhoA at tyrosine-34; thereby Afp18(G) inhibits RhoA activation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and blocks RhoA, but not Rac and Cdc42 downstream signalling.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	ras homolog gene family, member Ab	Danio rerio	141-145
26190758-4	2015	In zebrafish ZF4 cells, Afp18(G) depolymerizes actin stress fibres by mono-O-GlcNAcylation of RhoA at tyrosine-34; thereby Afp18(G) inhibits RhoA activation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and blocks RhoA, but not Rac and Cdc42 downstream signalling.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	ras homolog gene family, member Ab	Danio rerio	141-145
26190758-4	2015	In zebrafish ZF4 cells, Afp18(G) depolymerizes actin stress fibres by mono-O-GlcNAcylation of RhoA at tyrosine-34; thereby Afp18(G) inhibits RhoA activation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and blocks RhoA, but not Rac and Cdc42 downstream signalling.	Guanine Nucleotides	160-178	cell division cycle 42	Danio rerio	230-235
26055712-1	2015	Connecdenn 1/2 are DENN (differentially expressed in normal and neoplastic cells) domain-bearing proteins that function as GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) for the small GTPase Rab35.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	19-23
26055712-1	2015	Connecdenn 1/2 are DENN (differentially expressed in normal and neoplastic cells) domain-bearing proteins that function as GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) for the small GTPase Rab35.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	187-192
26056138-5	2015	We found that KCC2, through interaction with the b isoform of Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor beta-PIX, regulates the activity of Rac1 GTPase and the phosphorylation of one of the major actin-regulating proteins, cofilin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	solute carrier family 12 member 5	Homo sapiens	14-18
26134648-2	2015	In this study, we have created a novel mouse model of human autism caused by the insertion of a single guanine nucleotide into exon 21 (Shank3(G)).	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3	Mus musculus	136-142
26061564-7	2015	Novel effects of Rp-8-Br-cAMPS-pAB to block the activation of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epac1, Epac2) are also validated using genetically encoded Epac biosensors, and are independently confirmed in an in vitro Rap1 activation assay using Rp-cAMPS and Rp-8-Br-cAMPS.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	calmodulin 2, pseudogene 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-30
26061564-7	2015	Novel effects of Rp-8-Br-cAMPS-pAB to block the activation of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epac1, Epac2) are also validated using genetically encoded Epac biosensors, and are independently confirmed in an in vitro Rap1 activation assay using Rp-cAMPS and Rp-8-Br-cAMPS.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	114-119
26061564-7	2015	Novel effects of Rp-8-Br-cAMPS-pAB to block the activation of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epac1, Epac2) are also validated using genetically encoded Epac biosensors, and are independently confirmed in an in vitro Rap1 activation assay using Rp-cAMPS and Rp-8-Br-cAMPS.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	121-126
26061564-7	2015	Novel effects of Rp-8-Br-cAMPS-pAB to block the activation of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epac1, Epac2) are also validated using genetically encoded Epac biosensors, and are independently confirmed in an in vitro Rap1 activation assay using Rp-cAMPS and Rp-8-Br-cAMPS.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	114-118
26061564-7	2015	Novel effects of Rp-8-Br-cAMPS-pAB to block the activation of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epac1, Epac2) are also validated using genetically encoded Epac biosensors, and are independently confirmed in an in vitro Rap1 activation assay using Rp-cAMPS and Rp-8-Br-cAMPS.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	237-241
26061564-7	2015	Novel effects of Rp-8-Br-cAMPS-pAB to block the activation of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epac1, Epac2) are also validated using genetically encoded Epac biosensors, and are independently confirmed in an in vitro Rap1 activation assay using Rp-cAMPS and Rp-8-Br-cAMPS.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	calmodulin 2, pseudogene 1	Rattus norvegicus	268-273
26061564-7	2015	Novel effects of Rp-8-Br-cAMPS-pAB to block the activation of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epac1, Epac2) are also validated using genetically encoded Epac biosensors, and are independently confirmed in an in vitro Rap1 activation assay using Rp-cAMPS and Rp-8-Br-cAMPS.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	calmodulin 2, pseudogene 1	Rattus norvegicus	268-273
26062014-0	2015	Expression Pattern and Localization Dynamics of Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor RIC8 during Mouse Oogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Mus musculus	83-87
25743165-1	2015	The oncogenic protein ARHGEF5/TIM has long been known to express specifically in human breast cancer and other tumors, which is an important member of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Rho-family GTPases by promoting GTP/GDP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	22-29
25743165-1	2015	The oncogenic protein ARHGEF5/TIM has long been known to express specifically in human breast cancer and other tumors, which is an important member of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Rho-family GTPases by promoting GTP/GDP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	30-33
26073967-0	2015	Structural outline of the detailed mechanism for elongation factor Ts-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange on elongation factor Tu.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	110-130
26073967-6	2015	The reaction path of guanine-nucleotide exchange is structurally poorly defined for EF-Tu and EF-Ts.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	84-89
26073967-6	2015	The reaction path of guanine-nucleotide exchange is structurally poorly defined for EF-Tu and EF-Ts.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	94-99
25503727-2	2015	We recently reported two siblings with heritable nephrotic syndrome caused by a loss of function mutation in the gene ARHGDIA, which encodes for Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-alpha (GDIalpha).	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	118-125
26056138-5	2015	We found that KCC2, through interaction with the b isoform of Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor beta-PIX, regulates the activity of Rac1 GTPase and the phosphorylation of one of the major actin-regulating proteins, cofilin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	66-71
26056138-5	2015	We found that KCC2, through interaction with the b isoform of Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor beta-PIX, regulates the activity of Rac1 GTPase and the phosphorylation of one of the major actin-regulating proteins, cofilin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	107-115
26056138-5	2015	We found that KCC2, through interaction with the b isoform of Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor beta-PIX, regulates the activity of Rac1 GTPase and the phosphorylation of one of the major actin-regulating proteins, cofilin-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	226-235
25908317-0	2015	Fine-Tuning of the Actin Cytoskeleton and Cell Adhesion During Drosophila Development by the Unconventional Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors Myoblast City and Sponge.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	Actin 79B	Drosophila melanogaster	19-24
25645980-1	2015	The short isoform of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF5 is known as TIM, which plays diverse roles in, for example, tumorigenesis, neuronal development and Src-induced podosome formation through the activation of its substrates, the Rho family of GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	60-67
25825487-4	2015	We employed an ensemble structure-based virtual screening approach in combination with a multiple tier high throughput experimental screen utilizing two complementary fluorescent guanine nucleotide exchange assays to identify small molecule inhibitors of GEF catalytic activity toward Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	255-258
25825741-2	2015	However, whether guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Galphai1/3) are required for LPS responses remains unclear, and if so, the underlying mechanisms need to be studied.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 3	Mus musculus	86-96
25946318-3	2015	Here we show that H-Ras, N-Ras, and K-Ras are coexpressed with their activators (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) in neurofibromin-null malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells, and that all 3 Ras proteins are activated.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	18-23
25946318-3	2015	Here we show that H-Ras, N-Ras, and K-Ras are coexpressed with their activators (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) in neurofibromin-null malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells, and that all 3 Ras proteins are activated.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	25-30
25946318-3	2015	Here we show that H-Ras, N-Ras, and K-Ras are coexpressed with their activators (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) in neurofibromin-null malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells, and that all 3 Ras proteins are activated.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	36-41
25946318-3	2015	Here we show that H-Ras, N-Ras, and K-Ras are coexpressed with their activators (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) in neurofibromin-null malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells, and that all 3 Ras proteins are activated.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	121-134
25753922-3	2015	The interaction of GEFmeso with Rho family GTPases was studied by means of guanine nucleotide exchange assays.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor in mesoderm	Drosophila melanogaster	19-26
25917196-5	2015	METHODS: Expression levels of 28 upstream regulators of Rac1 activity, including 8 GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and 20 guanine nucleotide exchange factors, in OA and normal cartilage were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	56-60
25862245-1	2015	Dock10 is one of the three members of the Dock-D family of Dock proteins, a class of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	dedicator of cytokinesis 10	Homo sapiens	0-6
25645980-1	2015	The short isoform of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF5 is known as TIM, which plays diverse roles in, for example, tumorigenesis, neuronal development and Src-induced podosome formation through the activation of its substrates, the Rho family of GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	80-83
25645980-1	2015	The short isoform of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF5 is known as TIM, which plays diverse roles in, for example, tumorigenesis, neuronal development and Src-induced podosome formation through the activation of its substrates, the Rho family of GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	168-171
25645980-7	2015	Peptide binding test and guanine nucleotide exchange analysis solidified that these designed peptides can both bind to the SH3 domain potently and activate TIM-catalyzed RhoA exchange reaction effectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	156-159
25645980-7	2015	Peptide binding test and guanine nucleotide exchange analysis solidified that these designed peptides can both bind to the SH3 domain potently and activate TIM-catalyzed RhoA exchange reaction effectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	170-174
25751262-6	2015	Interestingly, the mRNA expression analyses indicated that SOD3 regulated the expression of guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (RHO GEF16, RAL GEF RGL1), GTPase-activating proteins (ARFGAP ADAP2, RAS GAP RASAL1, RGS4), and a Rho guanine nucleotide-disassociation inhibitor (RHO GDI 2) in a dose dependent manner, thus controlling signaling through the small G protein GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	59-63
25315008-2	2015	We recently found that Epac2A, a cAMP binding protein having guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward Rap, is a target of both incretin and sulfonylurea.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	105-108
25686494-0	2015	Coordinated regulation by two VPS9 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors in small GTPase Rab5 signaling pathways in fission yeast.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	30-34
25673879-7	2015	FIP3 coordinates the interactions of ASAP1 and Rab11a with the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8 (also known as RAB3IP).	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	0-4
25673879-7	2015	FIP3 coordinates the interactions of ASAP1 and Rab11a with the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8 (also known as RAB3IP).	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	ArfGAP with SH3 domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1	Homo sapiens	37-42
25673879-7	2015	FIP3 coordinates the interactions of ASAP1 and Rab11a with the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8 (also known as RAB3IP).	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	47-53
25673879-7	2015	FIP3 coordinates the interactions of ASAP1 and Rab11a with the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8 (also known as RAB3IP).	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-67
25673879-7	2015	FIP3 coordinates the interactions of ASAP1 and Rab11a with the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8 (also known as RAB3IP).	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	103-109
25673879-7	2015	FIP3 coordinates the interactions of ASAP1 and Rab11a with the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8 (also known as RAB3IP).	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	125-131
25653442-3	2015	We investigated here the development of poliovirus resistance to brefeldin A (BFA), an inhibitor of the cellular protein GBF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small cellular GTPase Arf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
25609093-0	2015	Rab5-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors bind retromer and promote its recruitment to endosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
25609093-4	2015	We identified novel physical interactions between retromer and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae VPS9-domain Rab5-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) Muk1 and Vps9.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	92-96
25609093-4	2015	We identified novel physical interactions between retromer and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae VPS9-domain Rab5-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) Muk1 and Vps9.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	104-108
25609093-4	2015	We identified novel physical interactions between retromer and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae VPS9-domain Rab5-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) Muk1 and Vps9.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	guanine nucleotide exchange factor MUK1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	159-163
25609093-4	2015	We identified novel physical interactions between retromer and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae VPS9-domain Rab5-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) Muk1 and Vps9.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	168-172
25751262-6	2015	Interestingly, the mRNA expression analyses indicated that SOD3 regulated the expression of guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (RHO GEF16, RAL GEF RGL1), GTPase-activating proteins (ARFGAP ADAP2, RAS GAP RASAL1, RGS4), and a Rho guanine nucleotide-disassociation inhibitor (RHO GDI 2) in a dose dependent manner, thus controlling signaling through the small G protein GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	230-248	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	59-63
25516960-2	2015	RhoGDI2 is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the Rho family of GTPases thought to primarily bind to Rac1; however, Rac1 activation was not decreased by RhoGDI2 expression in bladder cancer cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	0-7
25713392-4	2015	Using a proteomic approach, we discovered that DCs from Nlrp10 knockout mice lack the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DOCK8 (dedicator of cytokinesis 8), which regulates cytoskeleton dynamics in multiple leukocyte populations; in humans, loss-of-function mutations in Dock8 result in severe immunodeficiency.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 10	Mus musculus	56-62
25713392-4	2015	Using a proteomic approach, we discovered that DCs from Nlrp10 knockout mice lack the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DOCK8 (dedicator of cytokinesis 8), which regulates cytoskeleton dynamics in multiple leukocyte populations; in humans, loss-of-function mutations in Dock8 result in severe immunodeficiency.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	dedicator of cytokinesis 8	Mus musculus	121-126
25713392-4	2015	Using a proteomic approach, we discovered that DCs from Nlrp10 knockout mice lack the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DOCK8 (dedicator of cytokinesis 8), which regulates cytoskeleton dynamics in multiple leukocyte populations; in humans, loss-of-function mutations in Dock8 result in severe immunodeficiency.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	dedicator of cytokinesis 8	Homo sapiens	271-276
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-34
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	116-122
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	148-154
25516960-2	2015	RhoGDI2 is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the Rho family of GTPases thought to primarily bind to Rac1; however, Rac1 activation was not decreased by RhoGDI2 expression in bladder cancer cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
25527286-2	2015	Here we show that a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the Dbl family, OSG-1, confers functional aging by dysregulating Rho GTPases activities in C. elegans.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor osg-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	74-79
25501893-9	2015	Taken together, our data imply that Vav3 is a regulator of retinal progenitor cell differentiation, thus highlighting a novel role for guanine nucleotide exchange factors in retinogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	vav 3 oncogene	Mus musculus	36-40
25645278-3	2015	Formation of the osteoclast sealing zone requires Dock5, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rac, and C21, a chemical inhibitor of Dock5, decreases bone resorption by cultured osteoclasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	dedicator of cytokinesis 5	Mus musculus	50-55
25289457-4	2015	Whereas much attention has been devoted to guanine nucleotide exchange factors that act on Rac1 to promote GTP loading and Rac1 activation, cellular oxidants may also regulate Rac1 activation by promoting guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
25289457-4	2015	Whereas much attention has been devoted to guanine nucleotide exchange factors that act on Rac1 to promote GTP loading and Rac1 activation, cellular oxidants may also regulate Rac1 activation by promoting guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
25289457-4	2015	Whereas much attention has been devoted to guanine nucleotide exchange factors that act on Rac1 to promote GTP loading and Rac1 activation, cellular oxidants may also regulate Rac1 activation by promoting guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
25289457-7	2015	Oxidation of Cys(18) by glutathione greatly perturbs Rac1 guanine nucleotide binding and promotes nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
25635515-7	2015	Notably, S177D-Pdlim5, but not WT-Pdlim5, attenuates the association with Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors at the cell periphery.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	PDZ and LIM domain 5	Homo sapiens	15-21
25635515-7	2015	Notably, S177D-Pdlim5, but not WT-Pdlim5, attenuates the association with Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors at the cell periphery.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
25655724-5	2015	Inhibition of the Trio-mediated Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity with ITX3 partially blocked the SV4-mediated increase in Rac1-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	18-22
25381061-2	2015	HGAL protein decreases lymphocyte motility by inhibiting the ability of myosin to translocate actin via direct interaction with F-actin and myosin II and by activating RhoA signaling via direct interactions with RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	226-244	germinal center associated signaling and motility	Homo sapiens	0-4
25381061-2	2015	HGAL protein decreases lymphocyte motility by inhibiting the ability of myosin to translocate actin via direct interaction with F-actin and myosin II and by activating RhoA signaling via direct interactions with RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	226-244	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	212-216
25414258-3	2015	Previous studies have revealed a signal relay route from a GPCR via the C-terminal alpha5-helix of Galpha to the guanine nucleotide-binding pocket.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	99-105
26325487-2	2015	Here we confirm the intracellular localization of RAB24 to autophagic vacuoles with immuno electron microscopy and cell fractionation, and show that prenylation and guanine nucleotide binding are necessary for the targeting of RAB24 to autophagic compartments.	Guanine Nucleotides	165-183	RAB24, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	227-232
26160017-4	2015	It has been reported that Ngb can act as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitior (GDI) role to inactivate Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	neuroglobin	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
25655724-5	2015	Inhibition of the Trio-mediated Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity with ITX3 partially blocked the SV4-mediated increase in Rac1-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
25655724-5	2015	Inhibition of the Trio-mediated Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity with ITX3 partially blocked the SV4-mediated increase in Rac1-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
25655724-11	2015	Supervillin and Trio knockdowns, separately or together, inhibited cell spreading, suggesting that supervillin regulates the Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Trio, and potentially also kalirin, during cell spreading and lamellipodia extension.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	supervillin	Homo sapiens	0-11
25655724-11	2015	Supervillin and Trio knockdowns, separately or together, inhibited cell spreading, suggesting that supervillin regulates the Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Trio, and potentially also kalirin, during cell spreading and lamellipodia extension.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	16-20
25655724-11	2015	Supervillin and Trio knockdowns, separately or together, inhibited cell spreading, suggesting that supervillin regulates the Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Trio, and potentially also kalirin, during cell spreading and lamellipodia extension.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	supervillin	Homo sapiens	99-110
25655724-11	2015	Supervillin and Trio knockdowns, separately or together, inhibited cell spreading, suggesting that supervillin regulates the Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Trio, and potentially also kalirin, during cell spreading and lamellipodia extension.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
25655724-11	2015	Supervillin and Trio knockdowns, separately or together, inhibited cell spreading, suggesting that supervillin regulates the Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Trio, and potentially also kalirin, during cell spreading and lamellipodia extension.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	170-174
25465060-2	2015	Expression of inosine 5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase type II (IMPDH2), a rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, is up-regulated in various neoplasms, including prostate cancer and patient serum.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	62-68
25494542-3	2015	Here, we analyzed the regulation of ARHGEF3, a RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, by the HDACi MS275 (entinostat).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	36-43
25494542-3	2015	Here, we analyzed the regulation of ARHGEF3, a RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, by the HDACi MS275 (entinostat).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	47-51
26103434-2	2015	Over the past 2 decades, numerous biochemical and cell biological studies on RHOA have demonstrated signalings such as activation of RHO-associated coiled-coil forming kinases through guanine nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis, cellular responses such as actin fiber formation and myocin activation, biological consequences such as cell motility and cytokineses, etc.	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	77-81
26360031-1	2015	The ADP ribosylation factor (Arf) family of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) regulates vesicular transport at several locations within the cell, and is in turn regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) via a conserved catalytic domain, termed the Sec7 domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	182-200	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	270-274
25332238-4	2015	Elmo proteins are established to interact with Dock family guanine nucleotide exchange factors to control Rac-mediated cytoskeletal dynamics.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
25759056-4	2015	In yeast, the secretory pathway is regulated by sequential activation and inactivation (the so-called Rab cascade) of three types of yeast Rab protein -Ypt1p, Ypt31p/32p and Sec4p -via specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	Rab family GTPase YPT1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	152-157
25759056-4	2015	In yeast, the secretory pathway is regulated by sequential activation and inactivation (the so-called Rab cascade) of three types of yeast Rab protein -Ypt1p, Ypt31p/32p and Sec4p -via specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	Rab family GTPase YPT31	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	159-165
25759056-4	2015	In yeast, the secretory pathway is regulated by sequential activation and inactivation (the so-called Rab cascade) of three types of yeast Rab protein -Ypt1p, Ypt31p/32p and Sec4p -via specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	194-212	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	174-179
25800851-5	2015	Specifically, it has been used to identify functional differences between rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	74-78
25008184-4	2014	IHG-1 forms complexes with known mediators of mitochondrial fusion-mitofusins (Mfns) 1 and 2-and enhances the GTP-binding capacity of Mfn2, suggesting that IHG-1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	172-190	mitofusin 2	Homo sapiens	134-138
25321414-1	2014	Neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (Net1) is a RhoA subfamily-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is overexpressed in human breast cancer and is required for breast cancer cell migration and invasion.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	neuroepithelial cell transforming 1	Homo sapiens	0-35
25321414-1	2014	Neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (Net1) is a RhoA subfamily-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is overexpressed in human breast cancer and is required for breast cancer cell migration and invasion.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	neuroepithelial cell transforming 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
25321414-1	2014	Neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (Net1) is a RhoA subfamily-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is overexpressed in human breast cancer and is required for breast cancer cell migration and invasion.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	48-52
25347121-2	2014	Inosine monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) is a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis and crucial for maintaining cellular guanine deoxy- and ribonucleotide pools needed for DNA and RNA synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	0-43
25253349-8	2014	p130Cas aided in scaffolding adaptor Crk to downstream guanine nucleotide exchange factor phospho-C3G possibly to coordinate GTPase signaling during KSHV trafficking.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	BCAR1 scaffold protein, Cas family member	Homo sapiens	0-7
25412913-3	2014	Here we utilize this simple, yet elegant, behaviour to show that VAV-1, a conserved guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho-family GTPases, negatively regulates motor circuit activity and the rate of locomotion.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	Protein vav-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	65-70
25025572-3	2014	The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 in Akt2-mediated Rac1 activation and GLUT4 translocation in mouse skeletal muscle and cultured myocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	pleckstrin homology domain containing, family G (with RhoGef domain) member 4	Mus musculus	91-99
25025572-3	2014	The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 in Akt2-mediated Rac1 activation and GLUT4 translocation in mouse skeletal muscle and cultured myocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 2	Mus musculus	103-107
25025572-3	2014	The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 in Akt2-mediated Rac1 activation and GLUT4 translocation in mouse skeletal muscle and cultured myocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	117-121
25025572-3	2014	The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 in Akt2-mediated Rac1 activation and GLUT4 translocation in mouse skeletal muscle and cultured myocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 4	Mus musculus	137-142
25411474-5	2014	Lipophilic bisphosphonates inhibit both farnesyl and geranylgeranyldiphosphate synthases, effectively blocking prenylation of KRAS and other small G proteins (heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein, heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins) critical for tumor growth and cell survival.	Guanine Nucleotides	210-228	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	126-130
25365345-7	2014	We showed the peculiar ability of scFvE3 to detect RhoB but not RhoA GTP-bound form in cell extracts overexpressing Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor XPLN as well as in EGF stimulated HeLa cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	51-55
25347121-2	2014	Inosine monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) is a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis and crucial for maintaining cellular guanine deoxy- and ribonucleotide pools needed for DNA and RNA synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	45-51
25329472-6	2014	AGEF-1 is homologous to the mammalian BIG1 and BIG2 Arf GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which regulate secretory traffic between the Trans-Golgi network, endosomes and the plasma membrane via activation of Arf GTPases and recruitment of the AP-1 clathrin adaptor complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	SEC7 domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-6
25329472-6	2014	AGEF-1 is homologous to the mammalian BIG1 and BIG2 Arf GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which regulate secretory traffic between the Trans-Golgi network, endosomes and the plasma membrane via activation of Arf GTPases and recruitment of the AP-1 clathrin adaptor complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
25329472-6	2014	AGEF-1 is homologous to the mammalian BIG1 and BIG2 Arf GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which regulate secretory traffic between the Trans-Golgi network, endosomes and the plasma membrane via activation of Arf GTPases and recruitment of the AP-1 clathrin adaptor complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	47-51
25017214-12	2014	Treatment with OPG resulted in a significant decrease in the expression of Arhgef8/Net1 and DOCK5 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), 10 of 18 RhoGTPases (RhoA, RhoB, cdc42v1, cdc42v2, RhoU/Wrch1, RhoF/Rif, Rac2, RhoG, Rnd1 and RhoBTB1), ROCK1 and ROCK2.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	TNF receptor superfamily member 11b	Homo sapiens	15-18
25100368-7	2014	Genomic DNA sequencing of those GNAS exons and adjacent intronic regions that encode the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gsalpha revealed a novel heterozygous mutation in exon 11, c.857-858delCT.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	32-36
25100368-7	2014	Genomic DNA sequencing of those GNAS exons and adjacent intronic regions that encode the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gsalpha revealed a novel heterozygous mutation in exon 11, c.857-858delCT.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	136-143
24845459-1	2014	Autoantibodies to inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase-2 (IMPDH2), an enzyme involved in de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides, are observed in a subset of hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients receiving interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) plus ribavirin.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-131	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	57-63
24845459-1	2014	Autoantibodies to inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase-2 (IMPDH2), an enzyme involved in de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides, are observed in a subset of hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients receiving interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) plus ribavirin.	Guanine Nucleotides	112-131	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	204-231
25017214-12	2014	Treatment with OPG resulted in a significant decrease in the expression of Arhgef8/Net1 and DOCK5 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), 10 of 18 RhoGTPases (RhoA, RhoB, cdc42v1, cdc42v2, RhoU/Wrch1, RhoF/Rif, Rac2, RhoG, Rnd1 and RhoBTB1), ROCK1 and ROCK2.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	139-143
25312435-6	2014	Strip genetically and biochemically interacts with both Glued (the regulator of dynein-dependent transport) and Sprint (the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5), suggesting that Strip is a molecular linker between retrograde transport and Rab5 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Striatin interacting protein	Drosophila melanogaster	0-5
25312435-6	2014	Strip genetically and biochemically interacts with both Glued (the regulator of dynein-dependent transport) and Sprint (the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5), suggesting that Strip is a molecular linker between retrograde transport and Rab5 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Rab5	Drosophila melanogaster	163-167
25312435-6	2014	Strip genetically and biochemically interacts with both Glued (the regulator of dynein-dependent transport) and Sprint (the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5), suggesting that Strip is a molecular linker between retrograde transport and Rab5 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Striatin interacting protein	Drosophila melanogaster	186-191
25312435-6	2014	Strip genetically and biochemically interacts with both Glued (the regulator of dynein-dependent transport) and Sprint (the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5), suggesting that Strip is a molecular linker between retrograde transport and Rab5 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	Rab5	Drosophila melanogaster	247-251
25259925-0	2014	Sestrins function as guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors for Rag GTPases to control mTORC1 signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	91-97
25259925-3	2014	Here, we show that Sestrins bind to the heterodimeric RagA/B-RagC/D GTPases, and function as guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) for RagA/B.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	Ras-related GTP binding A	Mus musculus	147-153
24728583-0	2014	Regulating the large Sec7 ARF guanine nucleotide exchange factors: the when, where and how of activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
25017214-12	2014	Treatment with OPG resulted in a significant decrease in the expression of Arhgef8/Net1 and DOCK5 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), 10 of 18 RhoGTPases (RhoA, RhoB, cdc42v1, cdc42v2, RhoU/Wrch1, RhoF/Rif, Rac2, RhoG, Rnd1 and RhoBTB1), ROCK1 and ROCK2.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	dedicator of cytokinesis 5	Homo sapiens	92-97
24958816-6	2014	We also demonstrate that postsynaptic density 95/disk-large/ZO-1 (PDZ)-RhoGEF (PRG), a member of regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)-homology domain (RH) containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RH-RhoGEFs), is the predominant activator of RhoA downstream of GRPR.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	49-77
24958816-6	2014	We also demonstrate that postsynaptic density 95/disk-large/ZO-1 (PDZ)-RhoGEF (PRG), a member of regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)-homology domain (RH) containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RH-RhoGEFs), is the predominant activator of RhoA downstream of GRPR.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	proline rich protein BstNI subfamily 3	Homo sapiens	79-82
24958816-6	2014	We also demonstrate that postsynaptic density 95/disk-large/ZO-1 (PDZ)-RhoGEF (PRG), a member of regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)-homology domain (RH) containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RH-RhoGEFs), is the predominant activator of RhoA downstream of GRPR.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	250-254
24958816-6	2014	We also demonstrate that postsynaptic density 95/disk-large/ZO-1 (PDZ)-RhoGEF (PRG), a member of regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)-homology domain (RH) containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RH-RhoGEFs), is the predominant activator of RhoA downstream of GRPR.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	gastrin releasing peptide receptor	Homo sapiens	269-273
25114227-7	2014	These results suggest that exposure to cholinergic drugs maximally stimulates the m1/guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha q/PKC/proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2/Src signaling pathway for the potentiation of NMDAR responses in vivo, occluding the in vitro effects of m1 activation and Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	140-170
25114227-7	2014	These results suggest that exposure to cholinergic drugs maximally stimulates the m1/guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha q/PKC/proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2/Src signaling pathway for the potentiation of NMDAR responses in vivo, occluding the in vitro effects of m1 activation and Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	171-174
25114227-7	2014	These results suggest that exposure to cholinergic drugs maximally stimulates the m1/guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha q/PKC/proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2/Src signaling pathway for the potentiation of NMDAR responses in vivo, occluding the in vitro effects of m1 activation and Src.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	294-297
25071181-8	2014	Importantly, the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of SOS1 is not required for NFkappaB activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
25165881-1	2014	Dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (Dock3) belongs to an atypical family of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	dedicator of cyto-kinesis 3	Mus musculus	28-33
25014207-7	2014	The extraction was prevented when Rac1 was activated to its GTP-bound state by Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Vav2, Dbl, Tiam1, P-Rex1 and TrioN, and bound by the downstream effector Pak1.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	217-221
25014207-5	2014	In contrast to non-prenylated human Rac1 purified from Escherichia coli, prenylated Rac1 from insect cells was able to associate with synthetic liposomes and to bind Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 1 (GDI1).	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
24818958-2	2014	Endogenous protein guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) like AGS3/4 and RGS12/14 function through GPR/Goloco GDI domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
25014207-7	2014	The extraction was prevented when Rac1 was activated to its GTP-bound state by Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Vav2, Dbl, Tiam1, P-Rex1 and TrioN, and bound by the downstream effector Pak1.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
25014207-7	2014	The extraction was prevented when Rac1 was activated to its GTP-bound state by Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Vav2, Dbl, Tiam1, P-Rex1 and TrioN, and bound by the downstream effector Pak1.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
25014207-7	2014	The extraction was prevented when Rac1 was activated to its GTP-bound state by Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Vav2, Dbl, Tiam1, P-Rex1 and TrioN, and bound by the downstream effector Pak1.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	144-148
25014207-7	2014	The extraction was prevented when Rac1 was activated to its GTP-bound state by Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Vav2, Dbl, Tiam1, P-Rex1 and TrioN, and bound by the downstream effector Pak1.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	150-153
25014207-7	2014	The extraction was prevented when Rac1 was activated to its GTP-bound state by Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Vav2, Dbl, Tiam1, P-Rex1 and TrioN, and bound by the downstream effector Pak1.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	155-160
25014207-7	2014	The extraction was prevented when Rac1 was activated to its GTP-bound state by Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Vav2, Dbl, Tiam1, P-Rex1 and TrioN, and bound by the downstream effector Pak1.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	162-168
25009260-7	2014	We focused on Pak-interacting exchange factor-beta (betaPIX), a Cdc42/Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and found that PKCgamma directly phosphorylates betaPIX at Ser583 and indirectly at Ser340 in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Rattus norvegicus	14-50
25009260-7	2014	We focused on Pak-interacting exchange factor-beta (betaPIX), a Cdc42/Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and found that PKCgamma directly phosphorylates betaPIX at Ser583 and indirectly at Ser340 in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Rattus norvegicus	52-59
25009260-7	2014	We focused on Pak-interacting exchange factor-beta (betaPIX), a Cdc42/Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and found that PKCgamma directly phosphorylates betaPIX at Ser583 and indirectly at Ser340 in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	126-134
24818958-2	2014	Endogenous protein guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) like AGS3/4 and RGS12/14 function through GPR/Goloco GDI domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	regulator of G protein signaling 12	Homo sapiens	85-90
24835460-4	2014	RESULTS: Here we report that the endosomal Rab protein Rab4 orchestrates a GTPase cascade that results in the sequential recruitment of the ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)-like protein Arl1; the Arf-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2; and the class I Arfs, Arf1 and Arf3.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-59
24889603-3	2014	We aim to target the guanine nucleotide (GN)-binding pocket because the natural contents of this pocket dictate the signaling state of K-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	135-140
24889603-3	2014	We aim to target the guanine nucleotide (GN)-binding pocket because the natural contents of this pocket dictate the signaling state of K-Ras.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-43	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	135-140
24889603-4	2014	Here, we characterize the irreversible inhibitor SML-8-73-1 (SML), which targets the GN-binding pocket of K-Ras G12C.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-87	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
25018876-2	2014	Recent studies have identified several key regulators of these processes, including Rab GTPases such as Rab8 and Rab11, the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8, and the transport protein particle (TRAPP) components TRAPPC3, -C9, and -C10, which physically interact with each other and function together with Bardet Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins in ciliary membrane biogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	124-128
25018876-2	2014	Recent studies have identified several key regulators of these processes, including Rab GTPases such as Rab8 and Rab11, the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8, and the transport protein particle (TRAPP) components TRAPPC3, -C9, and -C10, which physically interact with each other and function together with Bardet Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins in ciliary membrane biogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	164-170
25018876-2	2014	Recent studies have identified several key regulators of these processes, including Rab GTPases such as Rab8 and Rab11, the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8, and the transport protein particle (TRAPP) components TRAPPC3, -C9, and -C10, which physically interact with each other and function together with Bardet Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins in ciliary membrane biogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	trafficking protein particle complex subunit 3	Homo sapiens	226-233
24821968-1	2014	Elmo1 and Elmo2 are highly homologous cytoplasmic adaptor proteins that interact with Dock family guanine nucleotide exchange factors to promote activation of the small GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	engulfment and cell motility 1	Mus musculus	0-5
24821968-1	2014	Elmo1 and Elmo2 are highly homologous cytoplasmic adaptor proteins that interact with Dock family guanine nucleotide exchange factors to promote activation of the small GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	engulfment and cell motility 2	Mus musculus	10-15
24821968-1	2014	Elmo1 and Elmo2 are highly homologous cytoplasmic adaptor proteins that interact with Dock family guanine nucleotide exchange factors to promote activation of the small GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	176-179
24835460-4	2014	RESULTS: Here we report that the endosomal Rab protein Rab4 orchestrates a GTPase cascade that results in the sequential recruitment of the ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)-like protein Arl1; the Arf-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2; and the class I Arfs, Arf1 and Arf3.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	183-187
24835460-4	2014	RESULTS: Here we report that the endosomal Rab protein Rab4 orchestrates a GTPase cascade that results in the sequential recruitment of the ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)-like protein Arl1; the Arf-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2; and the class I Arfs, Arf1 and Arf3.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	242-246
24835460-4	2014	RESULTS: Here we report that the endosomal Rab protein Rab4 orchestrates a GTPase cascade that results in the sequential recruitment of the ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)-like protein Arl1; the Arf-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2; and the class I Arfs, Arf1 and Arf3.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	251-255
24835460-4	2014	RESULTS: Here we report that the endosomal Rab protein Rab4 orchestrates a GTPase cascade that results in the sequential recruitment of the ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)-like protein Arl1; the Arf-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2; and the class I Arfs, Arf1 and Arf3.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	279-283
24835460-4	2014	RESULTS: Here we report that the endosomal Rab protein Rab4 orchestrates a GTPase cascade that results in the sequential recruitment of the ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)-like protein Arl1; the Arf-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2; and the class I Arfs, Arf1 and Arf3.	Guanine Nucleotides	206-224	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	288-292
24703949-4	2014	The structure shows specific interactions between a structural motif located at the end of the Rnt1p dsRNA-binding domain (dsRBD) and the guanine nucleotide in the second position of the loop.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	ribonuclease III	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	95-100
24852487-1	2014	eIF2B facilitates and controls protein synthesis in eukaryotes by mediating guanine nucleotide exchange on its partner eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-5
24852487-1	2014	eIF2B facilitates and controls protein synthesis in eukaryotes by mediating guanine nucleotide exchange on its partner eIF2.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	0-4
24605759-6	2014	While 7-CH-cAMP is a general activator for cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases as well as for the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Epac1 and Epac2, it displays the highest affinity to HCN channels.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	139-144
24605759-6	2014	While 7-CH-cAMP is a general activator for cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases as well as for the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Epac1 and Epac2, it displays the highest affinity to HCN channels.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	149-154
24737324-3	2014	We show here that, in untreated cells, Tiam1, a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is phosphorylated by casein kinase 1 (CK1) at its C terminus, leading to Skp, Cullin, F-box-containing(beta-TrCP) recognition, ubiquitination, and proteasome-mediated degradation.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	39-44
24719330-0	2014	Dennd3 functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPase Rab12 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	DENN/MADD domain containing 3	Mus musculus	0-6
24719330-0	2014	Dennd3 functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPase Rab12 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	RAB12, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	74-79
24569883-6	2014	Finally, we demonstrate that Rab20 interacts with the Rab5a guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabex-5 (also known as RABGEF1) and that Rab20 knockdown impairs the IFN-gamma-dependent recruitment of Rabex-5 and Rab5a into phagosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	118-125
24497027-7	2014	In summary, our data show for the first time that the two guanine nucleotide exchange factors expressed in T cells are differentially involved in the regulation of the duration of Erk phosphorylation and T-cell activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	180-183
24569883-6	2014	Finally, we demonstrate that Rab20 interacts with the Rab5a guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabex-5 (also known as RABGEF1) and that Rab20 knockdown impairs the IFN-gamma-dependent recruitment of Rabex-5 and Rab5a into phagosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	RAB20, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	29-34
24569883-6	2014	Finally, we demonstrate that Rab20 interacts with the Rab5a guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabex-5 (also known as RABGEF1) and that Rab20 knockdown impairs the IFN-gamma-dependent recruitment of Rabex-5 and Rab5a into phagosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	164-173
24569883-6	2014	Finally, we demonstrate that Rab20 interacts with the Rab5a guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabex-5 (also known as RABGEF1) and that Rab20 knockdown impairs the IFN-gamma-dependent recruitment of Rabex-5 and Rab5a into phagosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	54-59
24623720-2	2014	The Rab exchange depends on the guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity of the Mon1-Ccz1 heterodimer for Ypt7.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-7
24569883-6	2014	Finally, we demonstrate that Rab20 interacts with the Rab5a guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabex-5 (also known as RABGEF1) and that Rab20 knockdown impairs the IFN-gamma-dependent recruitment of Rabex-5 and Rab5a into phagosomes.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	95-102
24623720-2	2014	The Rab exchange depends on the guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity of the Mon1-Ccz1 heterodimer for Ypt7.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	CCZ1 homolog, vacuolar protein trafficking and biogenesis associated	Homo sapiens	88-92
24501217-4	2014	We found decreased transcription of the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav1 in unstimulated peripheral blood CLL cells with almost complete loss of Tiam1 but increased transcription of the potential Rac antagonist RhoH.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
24596087-1	2014	Receptor-mediated activation of the Galpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins requires allosteric communication between the receptor binding site and the guanine nucleotide binding site, which are separated by >30 A.	Guanine Nucleotides	156-174	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	36-42
24501217-4	2014	We found decreased transcription of the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav1 in unstimulated peripheral blood CLL cells with almost complete loss of Tiam1 but increased transcription of the potential Rac antagonist RhoH.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	80-85
24501217-4	2014	We found decreased transcription of the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav1 in unstimulated peripheral blood CLL cells with almost complete loss of Tiam1 but increased transcription of the potential Rac antagonist RhoH.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
24501217-4	2014	We found decreased transcription of the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav1 in unstimulated peripheral blood CLL cells with almost complete loss of Tiam1 but increased transcription of the potential Rac antagonist RhoH.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	167-172
24501217-4	2014	We found decreased transcription of the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav1 in unstimulated peripheral blood CLL cells with almost complete loss of Tiam1 but increased transcription of the potential Rac antagonist RhoH.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	218-221
24501217-4	2014	We found decreased transcription of the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav1 in unstimulated peripheral blood CLL cells with almost complete loss of Tiam1 but increased transcription of the potential Rac antagonist RhoH.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	ras homolog family member H	Homo sapiens	233-237
24369434-4	2014	A fungal toxin, brefeldin A (BFA), inhibits a subset of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP-ribosylation factor small GTPases (ARF GEFs) including GNOM, which plays a major role in localization of PIN1 predominantly to the basal side of the PM.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Auxin efflux carrier family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	205-209
24501423-8	2014	Point mutations in GLO-1, a Rab32/38-related protein, predicted to increase spontaneous guanine nucleotide exchange, specifically suppress the loss of gut granules by ccz-1 and glo-3 mutants.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	Ras-related protein Rab	Caenorhabditis elegans	19-24
24302560-1	2014	Activators of G protein signaling (AGS), initially discovered in the search for receptor-independent activators of G protein signaling, define a broad panel of biologic regulators that influence signal transfer from receptor to G-protein, guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis, G protein subunit interactions, and/or serve as alternative binding partners for Galpha and Gbetagamma independently of the classic heterotrimeric Galphabetagamma.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	jagged canonical Notch ligand 1	Homo sapiens	101-134
24616501-2	2014	This process is controlled by the guanine nucleotide binding protein Rab5, which assembles protein microdomains that include the tethering protein early endosomal antigen (EEA) 1 and the phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase hVps34, which generates PI(3)P, a phospholipid required for membrane association of EEA1 and other fusion factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	34-52	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3	Homo sapiens	222-228
24647957-3	2014	BMP acts during development to provide competence for rapid synaptic growth by regulating the levels of the Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio, a transcriptional output of BMP-Smad signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	decapentaplegic	Drosophila melanogaster	0-3
24647957-3	2014	BMP acts during development to provide competence for rapid synaptic growth by regulating the levels of the Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio, a transcriptional output of BMP-Smad signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	trio	Drosophila melanogaster	152-156
24647957-3	2014	BMP acts during development to provide competence for rapid synaptic growth by regulating the levels of the Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio, a transcriptional output of BMP-Smad signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	117-135	decapentaplegic	Drosophila melanogaster	186-189
24302560-1	2014	Activators of G protein signaling (AGS), initially discovered in the search for receptor-independent activators of G protein signaling, define a broad panel of biologic regulators that influence signal transfer from receptor to G-protein, guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis, G protein subunit interactions, and/or serve as alternative binding partners for Galpha and Gbetagamma independently of the classic heterotrimeric Galphabetagamma.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	jagged canonical Notch ligand 1	Homo sapiens	0-33
24670416-7	2014	Of the 6,543 unique phosphopeptides identified (6,284 unique phosphorylation sites), 635 showed significant regulation, particularly those from proteins involved in cell migration (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors & MRCKalpha) and formation of focal adhesions.	Guanine Nucleotides	185-203	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	227-236
24628852-13	2014	The expression level and activity (phosphorylated form) of guanine nucleotide exchanger of Rac1, Vav, was moderately down-regulated.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	91-95
24628852-13	2014	The expression level and activity (phosphorylated form) of guanine nucleotide exchanger of Rac1, Vav, was moderately down-regulated.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	97-100
24302560-1	2014	Activators of G protein signaling (AGS), initially discovered in the search for receptor-independent activators of G protein signaling, define a broad panel of biologic regulators that influence signal transfer from receptor to G-protein, guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis, G protein subunit interactions, and/or serve as alternative binding partners for Galpha and Gbetagamma independently of the classic heterotrimeric Galphabetagamma.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	jagged canonical Notch ligand 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
24302560-1	2014	Activators of G protein signaling (AGS), initially discovered in the search for receptor-independent activators of G protein signaling, define a broad panel of biologic regulators that influence signal transfer from receptor to G-protein, guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis, G protein subunit interactions, and/or serve as alternative binding partners for Galpha and Gbetagamma independently of the classic heterotrimeric Galphabetagamma.	Guanine Nucleotides	239-257	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	363-369
24302560-2	2014	AGS proteins generally fall into three groups based upon their interaction with and regulation of G protein subunits: group I, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF); group II, guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors; and group III, entities that bind to Gbetagamma.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	jagged canonical Notch ligand 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
24398689-11	2014	Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the mechanism by which Tyr(34) nitration stimulates RhoA activity was through a decrease in GDP binding to the protein caused by a conformational change within a region of Switch I, mimicking the conformational shift observed when RhoA is bound to a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	296-314	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	98-102
24398689-11	2014	Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the mechanism by which Tyr(34) nitration stimulates RhoA activity was through a decrease in GDP binding to the protein caused by a conformational change within a region of Switch I, mimicking the conformational shift observed when RhoA is bound to a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	296-314	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	277-281
24059811-5	2014	Measures were DNA methylation levels of six CpG sites in the promoter region of the OXTR gene (where a CpG site is a cytosine nucleotide occurs next to a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its lenth, linked together by phosphate binding), and OXT blood levels.	Guanine Nucleotides	154-172	oxytocin receptor	Homo sapiens	84-88
24141076-6	2014	Following previous reports, the 5 carboxy-terminal amino acid residues of the guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha-subunit (Galpha) in yeast Gpa1p were substituted with the equivalent human Galpha(q) sequences (Gpa1/Galpha(q) transplant).	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	128-134
24141076-6	2014	Following previous reports, the 5 carboxy-terminal amino acid residues of the guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha-subunit (Galpha) in yeast Gpa1p were substituted with the equivalent human Galpha(q) sequences (Gpa1/Galpha(q) transplant).	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	145-150
24141076-6	2014	Following previous reports, the 5 carboxy-terminal amino acid residues of the guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha-subunit (Galpha) in yeast Gpa1p were substituted with the equivalent human Galpha(q) sequences (Gpa1/Galpha(q) transplant).	Guanine Nucleotides	78-96	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	145-149
24467208-3	2014	RhoA activity is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) that are themselves regulated by many different signaling pathways.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
24059811-5	2014	Measures were DNA methylation levels of six CpG sites in the promoter region of the OXTR gene (where a CpG site is a cytosine nucleotide occurs next to a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its lenth, linked together by phosphate binding), and OXT blood levels.	Guanine Nucleotides	154-172	oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide	Homo sapiens	84-87
24231725-3	2014	The latter act as guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for the RAS-like small G proteins Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	88-92
24605225-0	2014	Lentivirus vector-mediated Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 2 induces beta-2 adrenergic receptor desensitization in beta2AR desensitization mice model.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	adrenergic receptor, beta 2	Mus musculus	83-109
24605225-0	2014	Lentivirus vector-mediated Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 2 induces beta-2 adrenergic receptor desensitization in beta2AR desensitization mice model.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	adrenergic receptor, beta 2	Mus musculus	129-136
24231725-3	2014	The latter act as guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for the RAS-like small G proteins Rap1 and Rap2.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	97-101
25332840-1	2013	The proteins that possess guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity, which include about ~800 G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs),1 15 Arf GEFs,2 81 Rho GEFs,3 8 Ras GEFs,4 and others for other families of GTPases,5 catalyze the exchange of GTP for GDP on all regulatory guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
24466322-13	2014	In addition, the Ile34Phe mutation reduced both guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis activities of RAB22A.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	RAB22A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	104-110
25332841-2	2013	COPI recruitment is triggered by guanine nucleotide exchange activating the Arf1 GTPase, but the key exchange factor, GBF1, is a peripheral membrane component whose membrane association is dependent on another GTPase, Rab1.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
24409148-2	2014	The main DA Guanine nucleotide binding protein couple receptors (GPCRs) expressed by medium-sized spiny neurons of the striatum are the D1R and D2R, which are positively and negatively coupled to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	dopamine receptor D2	Homo sapiens	144-147
24385582-4	2014	During polarity establishment in an applied electric field, cathodal emergence of hyphae was lost when either of the two Cdc42 apical recycling pathways was disrupted by deletion of Rdi1, a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, or Bnr1, a formin, but was completely restored by extracellular Ca(2+).	Guanine Nucleotides	190-208	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-126
24139303-2	2014	To control such a wide variety of actions of Arf6, activation of Arf6 could be precisely controlled by its activators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), in spatial and temporal manners.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	45-49
24259466-3	2014	These first-in-class covalent K-Ras inhibitors demonstrate that irreversible targeting of the K-Ras guanine-nucleotide binding site is potentially a viable therapeutic strategy for inhibition of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	30-35
24259466-3	2014	These first-in-class covalent K-Ras inhibitors demonstrate that irreversible targeting of the K-Ras guanine-nucleotide binding site is potentially a viable therapeutic strategy for inhibition of Ras signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	100-118	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	94-99
24328127-10	2014	We show here that the purified complex in Nanodiscs contains an activated rhodopsin with a covalently bound all-trans-retinal chromophore, that transducin has an empty nucleotide-binding pocket, that the isolated complex is active and dissociates upon addition of guanine nucleotide, and that the stoichiometry corresponds to exactly one molecule of rhodopsin and one molecule of transducin.	Guanine Nucleotides	264-282	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	74-83
24139303-2	2014	To control such a wide variety of actions of Arf6, activation of Arf6 could be precisely controlled by its activators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), in spatial and temporal manners.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	65-69
24345679-2	2013	We showed that the circulating lysophospholipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a G protein (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein)-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonist, signaled through RhoA and phospholipase Cepsilon (PLCepsilon) to increase the phosphorylation and activation of protein kinase D1 (PKD1).	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	193-197
24598074-4	2014	The participation of Rac is expressed in the following sequence: (1) Translocation of the RacGDP-RhoGDI complex to the membrane; (2) Dissociation of RacGDP from RhoGDI; (3) GDP to GTP exchange on Rac, mediated by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor; (4) Binding of RacGTP to p67(phox); (5) Induction of a conformational change in p67(phox), promoting interaction with Nox2.	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
24598074-4	2014	The participation of Rac is expressed in the following sequence: (1) Translocation of the RacGDP-RhoGDI complex to the membrane; (2) Dissociation of RacGDP from RhoGDI; (3) GDP to GTP exchange on Rac, mediated by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor; (4) Binding of RacGTP to p67(phox); (5) Induction of a conformational change in p67(phox), promoting interaction with Nox2.	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	97-103
24598074-4	2014	The participation of Rac is expressed in the following sequence: (1) Translocation of the RacGDP-RhoGDI complex to the membrane; (2) Dissociation of RacGDP from RhoGDI; (3) GDP to GTP exchange on Rac, mediated by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor; (4) Binding of RacGTP to p67(phox); (5) Induction of a conformational change in p67(phox), promoting interaction with Nox2.	Guanine Nucleotides	215-233	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	90-93
24607953-2	2014	In this review, we focus on RhoA and Rac1--2 Rho GTPases that are required for efficient adhesion and migration--and describe how specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) regulate the extensive crosstalk that exists between them.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	28-32
24607953-2	2014	In this review, we focus on RhoA and Rac1--2 Rho GTPases that are required for efficient adhesion and migration--and describe how specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) regulate the extensive crosstalk that exists between them.	Guanine Nucleotides	139-157	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
24376733-0	2013	Crucial roles of Glu60 in human neuroglobin as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor and neuroprotective agent.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	32-43
24376733-2	2013	We previously showed that human Ngb acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric Gi/o proteins and inhibits reductions in cAMP concentration, leading to protection against cell death.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	32-35
24297911-6	2013	The enhancement of Cb-induced gephyrin clustering by GTP-TC10 does not depend on the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Cb but involves an interaction that resembles reported interactions of other small GTPases with their effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9	Homo sapiens	19-21
24297911-6	2013	The enhancement of Cb-induced gephyrin clustering by GTP-TC10 does not depend on the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Cb but involves an interaction that resembles reported interactions of other small GTPases with their effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	gephyrin	Homo sapiens	30-38
24352424-0	2013	eIF2B promotes eIF5 dissociation from eIF2*GDP to facilitate guanine nucleotide exchange for translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-5
24352424-0	2013	eIF2B promotes eIF5 dissociation from eIF2*GDP to facilitate guanine nucleotide exchange for translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	15-19
24352424-0	2013	eIF2B promotes eIF5 dissociation from eIF2*GDP to facilitate guanine nucleotide exchange for translation initiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
23915272-1	2013	We investigated a genetic pathway in root hair development in Arabidopsis thaliana, involving the receptor-like kinase FERONIA (FER), two guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ROPs (RopGEF4 and RopGEF10), and the small GTPase Rho of plants (ROPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	Malectin/receptor-like protein kinase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	119-122
24336796-2	2013	Here we analyze a new mouse missense variant, Rasgrp1(Anaef), with an ENU-mutated EF hand in the Rasgrp1 Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	46-53
24336796-2	2013	Here we analyze a new mouse missense variant, Rasgrp1(Anaef), with an ENU-mutated EF hand in the Rasgrp1 Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	97-104
23993968-10	2013	Furthermore, suppression of the activity of G proteins of the Galpha12/13 subfamily by adenoviral overexpression of the regulator of G protein signaling domain of LSC as well as siRNA-mediated knockdown of the Rho specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor leukemia associated RhoGEF (LARG) inhibited the S1P-induced activation of RhoC and concomitantly increased sprouting of HUVEC with similar efficacy.	Guanine Nucleotides	223-241	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	62-70
23993968-10	2013	Furthermore, suppression of the activity of G proteins of the Galpha12/13 subfamily by adenoviral overexpression of the regulator of G protein signaling domain of LSC as well as siRNA-mediated knockdown of the Rho specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor leukemia associated RhoGEF (LARG) inhibited the S1P-induced activation of RhoC and concomitantly increased sprouting of HUVEC with similar efficacy.	Guanine Nucleotides	223-241	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	258-284
23526406-8	2013	Dedicator of cytokinesis 5 (Dock5), a Rho family guanine nucleotide exchanger, failed to associate with Src or Pyk2 in osteoclasts in the absence of p130Cas.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	dedicator of cytokinesis 5	Mus musculus	28-33
24222714-0	2013	The ability of Sos1 to oligomerize the adaptor protein LAT is separable from its guanine nucleotide exchange activity in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	15-19
24285343-2	2013	Mon2/Ysl2, which shares significant homology with Sec7 family Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, was poorly characterized in mammalian cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	MON2 homolog, regulator of endosome-to-Golgi trafficking	Homo sapiens	0-4
24285343-2	2013	Mon2/Ysl2, which shares significant homology with Sec7 family Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, was poorly characterized in mammalian cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
24106280-2	2013	Galpha12/13 subunits are known to activate the regulator of G-protein signaling-like family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG) and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12	Mus musculus	0-8
24106280-2	2013	Galpha12/13 subunits are known to activate the regulator of G-protein signaling-like family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG) and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 11	Mus musculus	157-167
24106280-2	2013	Galpha12/13 subunits are known to activate the regulator of G-protein signaling-like family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG) and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 11	Mus musculus	169-172
24106280-2	2013	Galpha12/13 subunits are known to activate the regulator of G-protein signaling-like family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG) and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 12	Mus musculus	178-204
24106280-2	2013	Galpha12/13 subunits are known to activate the regulator of G-protein signaling-like family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which includes PDZ-RhoGEF (PRG) and leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG).	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 12	Mus musculus	206-210
24072714-0	2013	Intermediates in the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction of Rab8 protein catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors Rabin8 and GRAB.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	61-65
24072714-0	2013	Intermediates in the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction of Rab8 protein catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors Rabin8 and GRAB.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	123-129
24072714-0	2013	Intermediates in the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction of Rab8 protein catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors Rabin8 and GRAB.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	RAB3A interacting protein like 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
24072714-0	2013	Intermediates in the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction of Rab8 protein catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors Rabin8 and GRAB.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	61-65
24072714-0	2013	Intermediates in the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction of Rab8 protein catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors Rabin8 and GRAB.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	123-129
24072714-0	2013	Intermediates in the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction of Rab8 protein catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors Rabin8 and GRAB.	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	RAB3A interacting protein like 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
24043306-9	2013	T108 phosphorylation targets Rac1 to the nucleus, which isolates Rac1 from other guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and hinders Rac1"s role in cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB3A interacting protein like 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB3A interacting protein like 1	Homo sapiens	24-31
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	72-77
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB3A interacting protein like 1	Homo sapiens	79-120
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	219-224
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	226-231
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB8B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	236-241
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	273-279
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	284-290
24140058-2	2013	Here, we show that GRAB/Rab3IL1 [guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3A; RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1], a protein that has previously be shown to act as a GEF (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) for Rab3a, Rab8a and Rab8b, is also a binding partner for Rab11a and Rab11b, but not the closely related Rab25 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAB25, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	320-325
23816534-1	2013	p115RhoGEF is a member of a family of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors that also contains a regulator of G protein signaling homology domain (RH-RhoGEFs) that serves as a link between Galpha13 signaling and RhoA activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
23816534-1	2013	p115RhoGEF is a member of a family of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors that also contains a regulator of G protein signaling homology domain (RH-RhoGEFs) that serves as a link between Galpha13 signaling and RhoA activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	200-208
23816534-1	2013	p115RhoGEF is a member of a family of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors that also contains a regulator of G protein signaling homology domain (RH-RhoGEFs) that serves as a link between Galpha13 signaling and RhoA activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	223-227
24563715-1	2013	The family of dedicator of cytokinesis (Dock), a protein family that belongs to the atypical Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac and/or Cdc42 GTPases, plays pivotal roles in various processes of brain development.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	144-147
24563715-1	2013	The family of dedicator of cytokinesis (Dock), a protein family that belongs to the atypical Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac and/or Cdc42 GTPases, plays pivotal roles in various processes of brain development.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	155-160
24141048-3	2013	HspB1 decreased PDZ-RhoGEF, a RhoA specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, while other regulators of RhoA activity were unchanged.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
24141048-3	2013	HspB1 decreased PDZ-RhoGEF, a RhoA specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, while other regulators of RhoA activity were unchanged.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	30-34
24043306-9	2013	T108 phosphorylation targets Rac1 to the nucleus, which isolates Rac1 from other guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and hinders Rac1"s role in cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
24043306-9	2013	T108 phosphorylation targets Rac1 to the nucleus, which isolates Rac1 from other guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and hinders Rac1"s role in cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
23943872-2	2013	The spatiotemporal regulation of Arf1 activation is mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) of the GBF and BIG families, but the mechanisms of their localization to multiple sites within cells are poorly understood.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
23943872-2	2013	The spatiotemporal regulation of Arf1 activation is mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) of the GBF and BIG families, but the mechanisms of their localization to multiple sites within cells are poorly understood.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	Kruppel like factor 6	Homo sapiens	114-117
24255780-0	2013	Lentivirus vector-mediated Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 2 overexpression induces beta-2 adrenergic receptor desensitization in airway smooth muscle cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	98-124
24744772-1	2013	RasGRP proteins are activators of Ras and other related small GTPases by the virtue of functioning as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	0-6
23941980-2	2013	Adenomatous polyposis coli-associated exchange factor (Asef) is a canonical guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Cdc42 and renders Cdc42 to be guanosine-5"-triphosphate bound and activated.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	22-53
23941980-2	2013	Adenomatous polyposis coli-associated exchange factor (Asef) is a canonical guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Cdc42 and renders Cdc42 to be guanosine-5"-triphosphate bound and activated.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	55-59
23941980-2	2013	Adenomatous polyposis coli-associated exchange factor (Asef) is a canonical guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Cdc42 and renders Cdc42 to be guanosine-5"-triphosphate bound and activated.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	114-119
23941980-2	2013	Adenomatous polyposis coli-associated exchange factor (Asef) is a canonical guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Cdc42 and renders Cdc42 to be guanosine-5"-triphosphate bound and activated.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	132-137
24255780-3	2013	The full-length Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) gene from ASMCs was amplified by RT-PCR, and RhoGDI2 gene was subcloned into the digested PWPXL plasmid.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	65-72
24069211-4	2013	The Ral guanine nucleotide disassociation (RalGDS) proteins are Ras-interacting proteins that are upregulated by hypertrophic stimuli.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	4-7
23893024-6	2013	In the present study, we examined the effect of a mutation in VPS9a, which encodes the sole guanine nucleotide exchange factor for all RAB5s in the vegetative stages of Arabidopsis thaliana.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	62-67
24062340-5	2013	In the absence of actin-based transport, polarization of Cdc42 is accomplished through Rdi1, the Cdc42 guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-62
24062340-5	2013	In the absence of actin-based transport, polarization of Cdc42 is accomplished through Rdi1, the Cdc42 guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Rdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	87-91
24062340-5	2013	In the absence of actin-based transport, polarization of Cdc42 is accomplished through Rdi1, the Cdc42 guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	97-102
23825362-2	2013	We showed previously that the scavenger receptor CD36 contributes to the activation of Vav family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Vavs) in aortae from hyperlipidemic apoE-null mice and that oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein induced CD36-dependent activation of macrophage Vavs in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	171-175
23659792-2	2013	Signalling by the Ras G-proteins is initiated by the CDC25 homology domain (CDC25-HD) containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs); each GEF, with its specific selectivity profile towards G-proteins, commonly acts on only a small subset of the Ras family members.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	53-58
23759445-3	2013	However, human Mphis also express EP4, a PGE2 receptor functionally closely related to EP2 that also couples to stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein, but the functional differences between EP2 and EP4 in Mtb-infected Mphis have been unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	prostaglandin E receptor 4	Homo sapiens	34-37
23759445-3	2013	However, human Mphis also express EP4, a PGE2 receptor functionally closely related to EP2 that also couples to stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein, but the functional differences between EP2 and EP4 in Mtb-infected Mphis have been unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	prostaglandin E receptor 2	Homo sapiens	87-90
23852370-1	2013	Dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (Dock3), a new member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase Rac1, promotes axon regeneration following optic nerve injury.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	dedicator of cyto-kinesis 3	Mus musculus	28-33
23852370-1	2013	Dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (Dock3), a new member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase Rac1, promotes axon regeneration following optic nerve injury.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	113-117
24265856-1	2013	Rab family small GTPases function as molecular switches in the regulation of membrane traffic, and their activity is thought to be controlled by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	145-163	RAB21, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	0-3
23918382-1	2013	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2 activate, through their Sec7 domains, ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) by accelerating the replacement of Arf-bound GDP with GTP for initiation of vesicular transport or activation of specific enzymes that modify important phospholipids.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
23918382-1	2013	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2 activate, through their Sec7 domains, ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) by accelerating the replacement of Arf-bound GDP with GTP for initiation of vesicular transport or activation of specific enzymes that modify important phospholipids.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	67-71
23611588-6	2013	Consistently, the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors GEF-H1 and Cool-2/alphaPix are significantly activated by dephosphorylation and accumulation in the cytosolic fractions during the post-TBI phase.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	58-64
23659792-2	2013	Signalling by the Ras G-proteins is initiated by the CDC25 homology domain (CDC25-HD) containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs); each GEF, with its specific selectivity profile towards G-proteins, commonly acts on only a small subset of the Ras family members.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	76-81
23900541-6	2013	The orthologous mammalian Rin1 protein has previously been identified as an effector for Ras GTPase and is now known to function as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5 GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	Ras and Rab interactor 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
23831625-0	2013	Guanine nucleotide exchange in the ribosomal GTPase EFL1 is modulated by the protein mutated in the Shwachman-Diamond syndrome.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	GTPase RIA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	52-56
23911318-5	2013	We found that AMPD2 plays an evolutionary conserved role in the maintenance of cellular guanine nucleotide pools by regulating the feedback inhibition of adenosine derivatives on de novo purine synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2	Homo sapiens	14-19
23901140-7	2013	The effects of CXCL12 on SLP-76 microcluster formation were dependent on the coupling of its receptor CXCR4 to G(i)-family G proteins (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Homo sapiens	15-21
23612479-5	2013	In the present study, we report that in the presence of the 8-oxoG base, OGG1 physically interacts with guanine nucleotide-free and GDP-bound Rac1 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	73-77
23711155-1	2013	Human Drg1, a guanine nucleotide binding protein conserved in archaea and eukaryotes, is regulated by Lerepo4.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	developmentally regulated GTP binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
23711155-1	2013	Human Drg1, a guanine nucleotide binding protein conserved in archaea and eukaryotes, is regulated by Lerepo4.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	zinc finger CCCH-type containing 15	Homo sapiens	102-109
23747719-1	2013	GEP100, a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor (GEF) for Arf6, plays a pivotal role in promoting breast cancer cell invasion both in vitro and in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	IQ motif and Sec7 domain ArfGEF 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
23747719-1	2013	GEP100, a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor (GEF) for Arf6, plays a pivotal role in promoting breast cancer cell invasion both in vitro and in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	57-61
23901140-7	2013	The effects of CXCL12 on SLP-76 microcluster formation were dependent on the coupling of its receptor CXCR4 to G(i)-family G proteins (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2	Homo sapiens	25-31
23901140-7	2013	The effects of CXCL12 on SLP-76 microcluster formation were dependent on the coupling of its receptor CXCR4 to G(i)-family G proteins (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins).	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	102-107
23239367-1	2013	DOCK180 family proteins are Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	32-50	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Mus musculus	0-7
23775072-2	2013	eIF2, a heterotrimeric G-protein, is activated by guanine nucleotide exchange to deliver the initiator methionyl-tRNA to the ribosome.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	0-4
23775076-4	2013	Here we report that Src homology 3 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor (SGEF), a RhoG-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is overexpressed in GB tumors and promotes TWEAK-Fn14-mediated glioma invasion.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 26	Homo sapiens	89-93
23775076-4	2013	Here we report that Src homology 3 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor (SGEF), a RhoG-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is overexpressed in GB tumors and promotes TWEAK-Fn14-mediated glioma invasion.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	98-102
23775076-4	2013	Here we report that Src homology 3 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor (SGEF), a RhoG-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is overexpressed in GB tumors and promotes TWEAK-Fn14-mediated glioma invasion.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	TNF superfamily member 12	Homo sapiens	191-196
23775076-4	2013	Here we report that Src homology 3 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor (SGEF), a RhoG-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is overexpressed in GB tumors and promotes TWEAK-Fn14-mediated glioma invasion.	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	TNF receptor superfamily member 12A	Homo sapiens	197-201
23698346-3	2013	We found that mutations of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ArhGEF18 affect apicobasal polarity of the retinal neuroepithelium in medaka fish.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 18	Homo sapiens	66-74
23776598-2	2013	In all cell types studied to date, inactive Rho GTPases are present in the cytosol bound to the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	138-144
23517829-0	2013	Signaling through Arf6 guanine-nucleotide exchange factor cytohesin-1 regulates migration in Schwann cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	18-22
23517829-0	2013	Signaling through Arf6 guanine-nucleotide exchange factor cytohesin-1 regulates migration in Schwann cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	58-69
23506953-2	2013	Classically, signal transduction from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to ERK is thought to be regulated by signaling from Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), through the small G protein Ras, to the three-tiered Raf-MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)-ERK kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	42-65
23506953-2	2013	Classically, signal transduction from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to ERK is thought to be regulated by signaling from Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), through the small G protein Ras, to the three-tiered Raf-MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)-ERK kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	67-70
23506953-2	2013	Classically, signal transduction from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to ERK is thought to be regulated by signaling from Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), through the small G protein Ras, to the three-tiered Raf-MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)-ERK kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	75-78
23506953-2	2013	Classically, signal transduction from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to ERK is thought to be regulated by signaling from Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), through the small G protein Ras, to the three-tiered Raf-MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)-ERK kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	225-228
23506953-2	2013	Classically, signal transduction from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to ERK is thought to be regulated by signaling from Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), through the small G protein Ras, to the three-tiered Raf-MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)-ERK kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	229-233
23506953-2	2013	Classically, signal transduction from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to ERK is thought to be regulated by signaling from Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), through the small G protein Ras, to the three-tiered Raf-MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)-ERK kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	234-237
23506953-2	2013	Classically, signal transduction from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to ERK is thought to be regulated by signaling from Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), through the small G protein Ras, to the three-tiered Raf-MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)-ERK kinase cascade.	Guanine Nucleotides	128-146	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	234-237
23512329-1	2013	The Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchanging factor p114RhoGEF is involved in RhoA activation and cell motility.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 18	Homo sapiens	54-64
23512329-1	2013	The Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchanging factor p114RhoGEF is involved in RhoA activation and cell motility.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	80-84
23024212-2	2013	Our previous studies imply that ROP1 might be directly activated by RopGEF1, which belongs to a plant-specific family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RopGEFs) and in turn may be activated by an unknown factor through releasing RopGEF1"s auto-inhibition.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	RHO-related protein from plants 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	32-36
23024212-2	2013	Our previous studies imply that ROP1 might be directly activated by RopGEF1, which belongs to a plant-specific family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RopGEFs) and in turn may be activated by an unknown factor through releasing RopGEF1"s auto-inhibition.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	68-75
23024212-2	2013	Our previous studies imply that ROP1 might be directly activated by RopGEF1, which belongs to a plant-specific family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RopGEFs) and in turn may be activated by an unknown factor through releasing RopGEF1"s auto-inhibition.	Guanine Nucleotides	125-143	rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	239-246
23718289-3	2013	Here we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of DOCK7, DHR2 (for DOCK homology region 2), is a potent GEF for prenylated Cdc42 and Rac1 in a model liposome system, demonstrating that the prenylation and membrane localization of Cdc42 or Rac1 are necessary for their activation by DOCK7.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	dedicator of cytokinesis 7	Homo sapiens	60-65
23718289-3	2013	Here we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of DOCK7, DHR2 (for DOCK homology region 2), is a potent GEF for prenylated Cdc42 and Rac1 in a model liposome system, demonstrating that the prenylation and membrane localization of Cdc42 or Rac1 are necessary for their activation by DOCK7.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
23718289-3	2013	Here we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of DOCK7, DHR2 (for DOCK homology region 2), is a potent GEF for prenylated Cdc42 and Rac1 in a model liposome system, demonstrating that the prenylation and membrane localization of Cdc42 or Rac1 are necessary for their activation by DOCK7.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	133-138
23718289-3	2013	Here we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of DOCK7, DHR2 (for DOCK homology region 2), is a potent GEF for prenylated Cdc42 and Rac1 in a model liposome system, demonstrating that the prenylation and membrane localization of Cdc42 or Rac1 are necessary for their activation by DOCK7.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
23718289-3	2013	Here we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of DOCK7, DHR2 (for DOCK homology region 2), is a potent GEF for prenylated Cdc42 and Rac1 in a model liposome system, demonstrating that the prenylation and membrane localization of Cdc42 or Rac1 are necessary for their activation by DOCK7.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	240-245
23718289-3	2013	Here we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of DOCK7, DHR2 (for DOCK homology region 2), is a potent GEF for prenylated Cdc42 and Rac1 in a model liposome system, demonstrating that the prenylation and membrane localization of Cdc42 or Rac1 are necessary for their activation by DOCK7.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	249-253
23718289-3	2013	Here we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange domain of DOCK7, DHR2 (for DOCK homology region 2), is a potent GEF for prenylated Cdc42 and Rac1 in a model liposome system, demonstrating that the prenylation and membrane localization of Cdc42 or Rac1 are necessary for their activation by DOCK7.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	dedicator of cytokinesis 7	Homo sapiens	292-297
23718289-6	2013	This recruitment results in a progressive increase in the effective concentration of DHR2s at the membrane surface that in turn provides for an accelerated rate of guanine nucleotide exchange on Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	195-200
23716696-4	2013	Here we show that transport protein particle III (TRAPPIII), a conserved autophagy-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ypt1/Rab1, is recruited to the PAS by Atg17.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	131-135
23716696-4	2013	Here we show that transport protein particle III (TRAPPIII), a conserved autophagy-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ypt1/Rab1, is recruited to the PAS by Atg17.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	136-140
23716696-4	2013	Here we show that transport protein particle III (TRAPPIII), a conserved autophagy-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ypt1/Rab1, is recruited to the PAS by Atg17.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1	Homo sapiens	169-174
23255434-3	2013	The RGS domain of RGS14 exhibits GTPase accelerating protein (GAP) activity toward Galphai/o proteins, while its GPSM domain acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) on Galphai1 and Galphai3.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	18-23
23595754-3	2013	By restricting the Rac1-guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 to spines, the polarity protein Par3 promotes synapse development by spatially controlling Rac1 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	19-23
23386609-0	2013	The Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 regulates membrane recruitment of BIG1 and BIG2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors to the trans-Golgi network (TGN).	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
23386609-0	2013	The Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 regulates membrane recruitment of BIG1 and BIG2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors to the trans-Golgi network (TGN).	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
23386609-0	2013	The Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 regulates membrane recruitment of BIG1 and BIG2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors to the trans-Golgi network (TGN).	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
23386609-0	2013	The Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 regulates membrane recruitment of BIG1 and BIG2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors to the trans-Golgi network (TGN).	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	92-96
23386609-0	2013	The Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 regulates membrane recruitment of BIG1 and BIG2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors to the trans-Golgi network (TGN).	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
23386609-0	2013	The Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 regulates membrane recruitment of BIG1 and BIG2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors to the trans-Golgi network (TGN).	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
23386609-0	2013	The Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 regulates membrane recruitment of BIG1 and BIG2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors to the trans-Golgi network (TGN).	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	92-96
23595754-3	2013	By restricting the Rac1-guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 to spines, the polarity protein Par3 promotes synapse development by spatially controlling Rac1 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
23595754-3	2013	By restricting the Rac1-guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 to spines, the polarity protein Par3 promotes synapse development by spatially controlling Rac1 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	par-3 family cell polarity regulator	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
23595754-3	2013	By restricting the Rac1-guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 to spines, the polarity protein Par3 promotes synapse development by spatially controlling Rac1 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	156-160
23601311-4	2013	We show that only the immobilized state of RCC1 interacts with Ran and conclude that its guanine nucleotide exchange activity is restricted to specific sites on chromatin.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
23335589-7	2013	Indeed, we identified strongly augmented active HRAS(E63_D69dup) that co-precipitated with effectors RAF1, RAL guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator and phospholipase C1.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	48-52
23335589-7	2013	Indeed, we identified strongly augmented active HRAS(E63_D69dup) that co-precipitated with effectors RAF1, RAL guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator and phospholipase C1.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	107-110
23576747-2	2013	Agonist-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange activity of G-protein-coupled receptors results in the exchange of G-protein-bound GDP to GTP and the dissociation and activation of the complex into Galpha-GTP and a Gbetagamma dimer.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	197-203
23533177-8	2013	We present evidence that Lis1 regulates localized Rac-PAK signaling in embryonic hair cells, probably through microtubule-associated Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoform 1b, subunit 1	Mus musculus	25-29
23364803-2	2013	The Epac family members, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2, and they function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	4-8
23364803-2	2013	The Epac family members, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2, and they function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	35-40
23364803-2	2013	The Epac family members, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2, and they function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	45-50
23364803-2	2013	The Epac family members, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2, and they function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-127
23364803-2	2013	The Epac family members, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2, and they function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	132-136
23533177-8	2013	We present evidence that Lis1 regulates localized Rac-PAK signaling in embryonic hair cells, probably through microtubule-associated Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	181-184
23533177-8	2013	We present evidence that Lis1 regulates localized Rac-PAK signaling in embryonic hair cells, probably through microtubule-associated Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	50-53
23533177-8	2013	We present evidence that Lis1 regulates localized Rac-PAK signaling in embryonic hair cells, probably through microtubule-associated Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	133-138
23343834-4	2013	We report the role of P-Rex1, a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchanging factor, in integrin activation and leukocyte recruitment.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	22-28
23404506-2	2013	EP2 receptors couple to Galphas and increase cAMP, which associates with protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epacs).	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	prostaglandin E receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
23424200-6	2013	Here, in an overexpression screen of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which can activate Rho GTPases, we identify CGEF-1 and ECT-2 as RhoGEFs that act through CDC-42 to recruit PAR-6 to the cortex.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	DH domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	132-138
23424200-6	2013	Here, in an overexpression screen of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which can activate Rho GTPases, we identify CGEF-1 and ECT-2 as RhoGEFs that act through CDC-42 to recruit PAR-6 to the cortex.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	ECT2 (mammalian Rho GEF) homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	143-148
23424200-6	2013	Here, in an overexpression screen of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which can activate Rho GTPases, we identify CGEF-1 and ECT-2 as RhoGEFs that act through CDC-42 to recruit PAR-6 to the cortex.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	177-183
23424200-6	2013	Here, in an overexpression screen of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which can activate Rho GTPases, we identify CGEF-1 and ECT-2 as RhoGEFs that act through CDC-42 to recruit PAR-6 to the cortex.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	Partitioning defective protein 6	Caenorhabditis elegans	195-200
23531275-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins of the G12/13 subfamily, which includes the alpha-subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, stimulate the monomeric G protein RhoA through interaction with a distinct subset of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	122-130
23531275-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins of the G12/13 subfamily, which includes the alpha-subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, stimulate the monomeric G protein RhoA through interaction with a distinct subset of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	135-143
23531275-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins of the G12/13 subfamily, which includes the alpha-subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, stimulate the monomeric G protein RhoA through interaction with a distinct subset of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	179-183
23531275-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins of the G12/13 subfamily, which includes the alpha-subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, stimulate the monomeric G protein RhoA through interaction with a distinct subset of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	243-261	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	122-130
23531275-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins of the G12/13 subfamily, which includes the alpha-subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, stimulate the monomeric G protein RhoA through interaction with a distinct subset of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	243-261	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	135-143
23531275-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins of the G12/13 subfamily, which includes the alpha-subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, stimulate the monomeric G protein RhoA through interaction with a distinct subset of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	243-261	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	179-183
23467367-4	2013	By negative-staining EM, dynamin 1-cortactin complexes appeared as "open" or "closed" rings depending on guanine nucleotide conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	dynamin 1	Homo sapiens	25-34
23241358-4	2013	Although guanine nucleotide binding is critically required for the kinase activity of LRRK2, the contribution of GTP hydrolysis is not known.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	86-91
23241358-7	2013	Our data demonstrate that guanine nucleotide binding and, to a lesser extent, GTP hydrolysis are required for maintaining normal kinase activity and both activities contribute to the GTP-dependent activation of LRRK2 kinase activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	211-216
23241358-8	2013	Guanine nucleotide binding but not GTP hydrolysis regulates the dimerization, structure and stability of LRRK2.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	105-110
23382385-5	2013	We report here the characterization of a Cdc42-selective guanine nucleotide binding lead inhibitor that was identified by high throughput screening.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	41-46
22543585-4	2013	Stable short hairpin RNA knockdown of PTEN in Caco-2 cells influenced expression or localization of cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factors and inhibited cdc42 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	38-42
22543585-4	2013	Stable short hairpin RNA knockdown of PTEN in Caco-2 cells influenced expression or localization of cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factors and inhibited cdc42 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	100-105
23467367-4	2013	By negative-staining EM, dynamin 1-cortactin complexes appeared as "open" or "closed" rings depending on guanine nucleotide conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	cortactin	Homo sapiens	35-44
22886754-0	2013	Distinct synaptic localization patterns of brefeldin A-resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factors BRAG2 and BRAG3 in the mouse retina.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	IQ motif and Sec7 domain 1	Mus musculus	101-106
23200849-1	2013	Galpha(h) (or transglutaminase-2 (TG2)) is an atypical guanine nucleotide binding-protein that associates with G protein-coupled receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-6
23200849-1	2013	Galpha(h) (or transglutaminase-2 (TG2)) is an atypical guanine nucleotide binding-protein that associates with G protein-coupled receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	14-32
23200849-1	2013	Galpha(h) (or transglutaminase-2 (TG2)) is an atypical guanine nucleotide binding-protein that associates with G protein-coupled receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	34-37
22886754-1	2013	The BRAG/IQSEC is a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factors, small GTPases that regulate membrane trafficking and actin cytoskeleton, and comprises three structurally related members (BRAG1-3) generated from different genes.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	IQ motif and Sec7 domain 2	Mus musculus	219-224
22886754-0	2013	Distinct synaptic localization patterns of brefeldin A-resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factors BRAG2 and BRAG3 in the mouse retina.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	IQ motif and Sec7 domain 3	Mus musculus	111-116
22886754-1	2013	The BRAG/IQSEC is a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factors, small GTPases that regulate membrane trafficking and actin cytoskeleton, and comprises three structurally related members (BRAG1-3) generated from different genes.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	carbohydrate sulfotransferase 15	Mus musculus	4-8
23212907-3	2013	We determined the effect of the nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factors AGS1, GIV/Girdin, and Ric-8A on the interaction of two distinct GPR proteins, AGS3 and AGS4, with Galpha(il) in the intact cell by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in human embryonic kidney 293 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	158-162
23441967-8	2013	By binding to both cytohesin 2/ARNO and Dock180, GRASP bridges the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate Arf and Rac, thereby promoting Arf-to-Rac signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	19-30
23441967-8	2013	By binding to both cytohesin 2/ARNO and Dock180, GRASP bridges the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate Arf and Rac, thereby promoting Arf-to-Rac signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	31-35
23441967-8	2013	By binding to both cytohesin 2/ARNO and Dock180, GRASP bridges the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate Arf and Rac, thereby promoting Arf-to-Rac signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	40-47
23441967-8	2013	By binding to both cytohesin 2/ARNO and Dock180, GRASP bridges the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate Arf and Rac, thereby promoting Arf-to-Rac signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	trafficking regulator and scaffold protein tamalin	Homo sapiens	49-54
23441967-8	2013	By binding to both cytohesin 2/ARNO and Dock180, GRASP bridges the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate Arf and Rac, thereby promoting Arf-to-Rac signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	124-135
22450745-3	2013	This protein is activated by Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs) and inactivated by Ral GTPase-activating proteins (RalGAPs), the latter of which consist of heterodimers containing a catalytic alpha1 or alpha2 subunit and a common beta subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	29-32
22450745-3	2013	This protein is activated by Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs) and inactivated by Ral GTPase-activating proteins (RalGAPs), the latter of which consist of heterodimers containing a catalytic alpha1 or alpha2 subunit and a common beta subunit.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	70-73
23220274-10	2013	This novel function of BIG1 was dependent on the guanine nucleotide-exchange activity and achieved through activation of ADP-ribosylation factor 1.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
23220274-10	2013	This novel function of BIG1 was dependent on the guanine nucleotide-exchange activity and achieved through activation of ADP-ribosylation factor 1.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	121-146
23274495-2	2013	ITSN-2L possesses a carboxy-terminal extension encoding a Dbl homology domain (DH), a pleckstrin homology domain (PH) and a C2 domain, suggesting that it could act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	169-187	intersectin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
23212907-2	2013	GPR-Galpha signaling modules may be differentially regulated by cell surface receptors or by different nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	4-10
23212907-3	2013	We determined the effect of the nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factors AGS1, GIV/Girdin, and Ric-8A on the interaction of two distinct GPR proteins, AGS3 and AGS4, with Galpha(il) in the intact cell by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in human embryonic kidney 293 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	three prime repair exonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
23334169-6	2013	When we locally concentrated nanoparticles conjugated with the upstream guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1, the assembly of microtubule fibres could be induced over a greater range of distances than RanGTP particles.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-90	regulator of chromosome condensation 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	107-111
23255595-1	2013	The diffuse B-cell lymphoma (Dbl) family of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors is a direct activator of the Rho family proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	29-32
23212907-3	2013	We determined the effect of the nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factors AGS1, GIV/Girdin, and Ric-8A on the interaction of two distinct GPR proteins, AGS3 and AGS4, with Galpha(il) in the intact cell by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in human embryonic kidney 293 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	coiled-coil domain containing 88A	Homo sapiens	86-89
23212907-3	2013	We determined the effect of the nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factors AGS1, GIV/Girdin, and Ric-8A on the interaction of two distinct GPR proteins, AGS3 and AGS4, with Galpha(il) in the intact cell by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in human embryonic kidney 293 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	167-171
23212907-3	2013	We determined the effect of the nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factors AGS1, GIV/Girdin, and Ric-8A on the interaction of two distinct GPR proteins, AGS3 and AGS4, with Galpha(il) in the intact cell by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in human embryonic kidney 293 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	178-184
21984379-4	2013	Biochemical data show that TG6 is allosterically regulated by Ca(2+) and guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-92	transglutaminase 6	Homo sapiens	27-30
23177739-3	2013	Using a synthetic-biology approach and a genome-wide RNAi screen, we found that a highly conserved guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Trio, is essential for activating Rho- and Rac-regulated signaling pathways acting on JNK and p38, and thereby transducing proliferative signals from Galpha(q) to the nucleus independently of phospholipase C-beta.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	135-139
23772378-2	2013	Here we show that S897 phosphorylation of EphA2 strengthens the interaction between EphA2 and Ephexin4, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase RhoG.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	EPH receptor A2	Homo sapiens	42-47
23772378-2	2013	Here we show that S897 phosphorylation of EphA2 strengthens the interaction between EphA2 and Ephexin4, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase RhoG.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	EPH receptor A2	Homo sapiens	84-89
23772378-2	2013	Here we show that S897 phosphorylation of EphA2 strengthens the interaction between EphA2 and Ephexin4, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase RhoG.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 16	Homo sapiens	94-102
23772378-2	2013	Here we show that S897 phosphorylation of EphA2 strengthens the interaction between EphA2 and Ephexin4, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase RhoG.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	162-166
23811570-4	2013	Although the PH domain of KIAA1415/P-Rex1, another Gbetagamma subunit-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho family small GTPases, binds to phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate, the PH domain of FLJ00018 binds to polyphosphoinositides including phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, and phosphatidic acid.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	35-41
25033803-3	2013	The small GTPase Rac acts as a pivotal binary switch that is turned "on" by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) via a myriad of cell surface receptors, to regulate cancer cell migration, survival, and proliferation.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
24348237-2	2013	The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae under control of the GTPase Cdc42 is able to polarize without the help of cytoskeletal structures and spatial cues through a pathway depending on its guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) Rdi1.	Guanine Nucleotides	185-203	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-68
23197258-2	2013	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6, is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Cdc42 GTPase and plays a role in CD4(+) T cell activation and Th cell differentiation by controlling Ca(2+)/NFAT signaling, but its requirement in CD8(+) T cell response has not been explored.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	33-37
23197258-2	2013	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6, is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Cdc42 GTPase and plays a role in CD4(+) T cell activation and Th cell differentiation by controlling Ca(2+)/NFAT signaling, but its requirement in CD8(+) T cell response has not been explored.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	54-58
23197258-2	2013	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6, is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Cdc42 GTPase and plays a role in CD4(+) T cell activation and Th cell differentiation by controlling Ca(2+)/NFAT signaling, but its requirement in CD8(+) T cell response has not been explored.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	114-119
23197258-2	2013	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6, is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Cdc42 GTPase and plays a role in CD4(+) T cell activation and Th cell differentiation by controlling Ca(2+)/NFAT signaling, but its requirement in CD8(+) T cell response has not been explored.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	147-150
23197258-2	2013	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6, is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Cdc42 GTPase and plays a role in CD4(+) T cell activation and Th cell differentiation by controlling Ca(2+)/NFAT signaling, but its requirement in CD8(+) T cell response has not been explored.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	261-264
23651995-3	2013	Here, by integrating mathematical modelling with quantitative experimental validations, we show that in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae a combination of actin- and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-dependent recycling of the central polarity regulator Cdc42 is needed to establish robust cell polarity at a single site during yeast budding.	Guanine Nucleotides	167-185	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	263-268
23651995-4	2013	The guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor pathway consistently generates a single-polarization site, but requires Cdc42 to cycle rapidly between its active and inactive form, and is therefore sensitive to perturbations of the GTPase cycle.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	118-123
22835604-0	2013	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor is an NFL mRNA destabilizing factor that forms cytoplasmic inclusions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	neurofilament light chain	Homo sapiens	45-48
24348237-2	2013	The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae under control of the GTPase Cdc42 is able to polarize without the help of cytoskeletal structures and spatial cues through a pathway depending on its guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) Rdi1.	Guanine Nucleotides	185-203	Rdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	233-237
23884432-1	2013	The p63RhoGEF and GEFT proteins are encoded by the same gene and both members of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 25	Homo sapiens	4-13
23884432-1	2013	The p63RhoGEF and GEFT proteins are encoded by the same gene and both members of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 25	Homo sapiens	18-22
23319116-7	2013	The catalytic efficiency depended strongly on the guanine nucleotide state and was highest for Arf6-GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	95-99
22965143-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: By investigating phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), one of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors previously known for G protein-coupled receptor signaling, we sought to determine whether Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor is nodal for signal integration and potential target for drug intervention.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	81-84
23139415-4	2012	We identified an Epac1 inhibitor compound named CE3F4 that blocked Epac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward its effector Rap1 both in cell-free systems and in intact cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	17-22
23139415-4	2012	We identified an Epac1 inhibitor compound named CE3F4 that blocked Epac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward its effector Rap1 both in cell-free systems and in intact cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	67-72
23139415-4	2012	We identified an Epac1 inhibitor compound named CE3F4 that blocked Epac1 guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward its effector Rap1 both in cell-free systems and in intact cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	130-134
23143065-1	2013	Adenosine 3",5"-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) activates intracellular signaling by regulating protein kinase A, calcium influx, and cAMP-binging guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epac [exchange protein directly activated by cAMP] or cAMP-GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	190-194
23091056-4	2012	In yeast, Ric1p and Rgp1p form a complex that catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange by Ypt6p, the Rab6 homolog.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Ric1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	10-15
23091056-4	2012	In yeast, Ric1p and Rgp1p form a complex that catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange by Ypt6p, the Rab6 homolog.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Rgp1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	20-25
22965143-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: By investigating phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), one of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors previously known for G protein-coupled receptor signaling, we sought to determine whether Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor is nodal for signal integration and potential target for drug intervention.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	98-104
23091056-4	2012	In yeast, Ric1p and Rgp1p form a complex that catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange by Ypt6p, the Rab6 homolog.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	Rab family GTPase YPT6	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	87-92
22965143-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: By investigating phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), one of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors previously known for G protein-coupled receptor signaling, we sought to determine whether Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor is nodal for signal integration and potential target for drug intervention.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	118-121
22965143-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: By investigating phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), one of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors previously known for G protein-coupled receptor signaling, we sought to determine whether Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor is nodal for signal integration and potential target for drug intervention.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	118-121
22965143-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: By investigating phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), one of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors previously known for G protein-coupled receptor signaling, we sought to determine whether Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor is nodal for signal integration and potential target for drug intervention.	Guanine Nucleotides	261-279	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	81-84
22965143-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: By investigating phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), one of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors previously known for G protein-coupled receptor signaling, we sought to determine whether Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor is nodal for signal integration and potential target for drug intervention.	Guanine Nucleotides	261-279	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	98-104
22965143-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: By investigating phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), one of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors previously known for G protein-coupled receptor signaling, we sought to determine whether Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor is nodal for signal integration and potential target for drug intervention.	Guanine Nucleotides	261-279	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	118-121
22965143-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: By investigating phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), one of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors previously known for G protein-coupled receptor signaling, we sought to determine whether Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor is nodal for signal integration and potential target for drug intervention.	Guanine Nucleotides	261-279	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	118-121
22718398-1	2012	RhoGDI2 is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) specific for the Rho family of small GTPases that plays dual opposite roles in tumor progression, being both a promoter in tissues such as breast and a metastasis suppressor in tissues such as the bladder.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	0-7
22982396-1	2012	It is well established that the small GTPase Ras promotes tumor initiation by activating at least three different mediators: Raf, PI3K, and Ras-like (Ral) guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	130-148
22982396-1	2012	It is well established that the small GTPase Ras promotes tumor initiation by activating at least three different mediators: Raf, PI3K, and Ras-like (Ral) guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	150-153
23177958-3	2012	We have identified two direct regulators of Rho family small GTPases, pebble (a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor [GEF]) and RhoGAPp190 (a GTPase activating protein [GAP]), that show robust interactions with the cytoplasmic domain of the Drosophila Sema-1a protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	Rho GTPase activating protein p190	Drosophila melanogaster	130-140
23171003-1	2012	BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in the guanine nucleotide binding (G protein), beta polypeptide 1 (GNB1) gene are associated with a rapid virological response (RVR) among HCV genotype 1 (HCV-1) and 2 (HCV-2) infected patients receiving peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment (PEG-IFNalpha-RBV).	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	G protein subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
23171003-1	2012	BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in the guanine nucleotide binding (G protein), beta polypeptide 1 (GNB1) gene are associated with a rapid virological response (RVR) among HCV genotype 1 (HCV-1) and 2 (HCV-2) infected patients receiving peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment (PEG-IFNalpha-RBV).	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	BMP binding endothelial regulator	Homo sapiens	227-239
23171003-1	2012	BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in the guanine nucleotide binding (G protein), beta polypeptide 1 (GNB1) gene are associated with a rapid virological response (RVR) among HCV genotype 1 (HCV-1) and 2 (HCV-2) infected patients receiving peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment (PEG-IFNalpha-RBV).	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	BMP binding endothelial regulator	Homo sapiens	241-246
22952234-1	2012	GoLoco (GL) motif-containing proteins regulate G protein signaling by binding to Galpha subunit and acting as guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	81-87
23014990-5	2012	The segregation of the ELMO clade from the larger ELMOD group is consistent with their contrasting functions as unconventional Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors and the Arf family GTPase-activating proteins, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	132-150	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
22983554-4	2012	We find that ASAP1 serves as a scaffold that brings together the proteins necessary for transport to the cilia including the GTP-binding protein Arf4 and the two G proteins of the Rab family--Rab11 and Rab8--linked by the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	ArfGAP with SH3 domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
22983554-4	2012	We find that ASAP1 serves as a scaffold that brings together the proteins necessary for transport to the cilia including the GTP-binding protein Arf4 and the two G proteins of the Rab family--Rab11 and Rab8--linked by the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	145-149
22983554-4	2012	We find that ASAP1 serves as a scaffold that brings together the proteins necessary for transport to the cilia including the GTP-binding protein Arf4 and the two G proteins of the Rab family--Rab11 and Rab8--linked by the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	180-183
22983554-4	2012	We find that ASAP1 serves as a scaffold that brings together the proteins necessary for transport to the cilia including the GTP-binding protein Arf4 and the two G proteins of the Rab family--Rab11 and Rab8--linked by the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	192-197
22983554-4	2012	We find that ASAP1 serves as a scaffold that brings together the proteins necessary for transport to the cilia including the GTP-binding protein Arf4 and the two G proteins of the Rab family--Rab11 and Rab8--linked by the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	202-206
22983554-4	2012	We find that ASAP1 serves as a scaffold that brings together the proteins necessary for transport to the cilia including the GTP-binding protein Arf4 and the two G proteins of the Rab family--Rab11 and Rab8--linked by the Rab8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	222-226
22179837-4	2012	ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) was recently identified as an important mediator of cytoskeleton and cell motility, which is regulated by PIP3-dependent membrane translocation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as ADP-ribosylation factor nucleotide binding site opener (ARNO) and general receptor for 3-phosphoinositides (GRP1).	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	0-25
23033540-1	2012	The guanosine triphosphatases of the Rho and Rac subfamilies regulate protumorigenic pathways and are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rho GEFs), which could be potential targets for anticancer therapies.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
22988866-3	2012	Studies with recombinant LRRK2 protein purified from eukaryotic cells have confirmed that LRRK2 binds guanine nucleotides and catalyses the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-121	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	25-30
22988866-3	2012	Studies with recombinant LRRK2 protein purified from eukaryotic cells have confirmed that LRRK2 binds guanine nucleotides and catalyses the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-121	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	90-95
22996016-3	2012	Arf1 is activated at the TGN by Sec7, the founding member of the Sec7 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and a close homolog of the human ARFGEF2 implicated in congenital defects in cerebral cortex development.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
22996016-3	2012	Arf1 is activated at the TGN by Sec7, the founding member of the Sec7 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and a close homolog of the human ARFGEF2 implicated in congenital defects in cerebral cortex development.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
22996016-3	2012	Arf1 is activated at the TGN by Sec7, the founding member of the Sec7 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and a close homolog of the human ARFGEF2 implicated in congenital defects in cerebral cortex development.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
22179837-4	2012	ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) was recently identified as an important mediator of cytoskeleton and cell motility, which is regulated by PIP3-dependent membrane translocation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as ADP-ribosylation factor nucleotide binding site opener (ARNO) and general receptor for 3-phosphoinositides (GRP1).	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	27-31
22179837-4	2012	ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) was recently identified as an important mediator of cytoskeleton and cell motility, which is regulated by PIP3-dependent membrane translocation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as ADP-ribosylation factor nucleotide binding site opener (ARNO) and general receptor for 3-phosphoinositides (GRP1).	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	292-296
22179837-4	2012	ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) was recently identified as an important mediator of cytoskeleton and cell motility, which is regulated by PIP3-dependent membrane translocation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as ADP-ribosylation factor nucleotide binding site opener (ARNO) and general receptor for 3-phosphoinositides (GRP1).	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	cytohesin 3	Homo sapiens	344-348
22846990-4	2012	Notably, L1 antibody-induced clustering leads to the association of ubiquitinated L1 with Rabex-5, a UBP and guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5, via interaction with the motif interacting with Ub (MIU) domain, but not the A20-type zinc finger domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-97
22966858-2	2012	Previous work has identified roles for the Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factors Trio and Vav3 in glioblastoma invasion.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	90-94
22846990-4	2012	Notably, L1 antibody-induced clustering leads to the association of ubiquitinated L1 with Rabex-5, a UBP and guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5, via interaction with the motif interacting with Ub (MIU) domain, but not the A20-type zinc finger domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	148-152
22735617-7	2012	We surmise that variable expression of nuo-3, a subunit of complex I, or of gdi-1, a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, may act in combination with defects in Q biosynthesis to produce a more severe phenotype.	Guanine Nucleotides	85-103	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor	Caenorhabditis elegans	76-81
22829599-1	2012	Localization of DEF6 (SLAT/IBP), a Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor, to the center of the immune synapse is dependent upon ITK, a Tec-family kinase that regulates the spatiotemporal organization of components of T cell signaling pathways and Cdc42-dependent actin polymerization.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	16-20
22829599-1	2012	Localization of DEF6 (SLAT/IBP), a Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor, to the center of the immune synapse is dependent upon ITK, a Tec-family kinase that regulates the spatiotemporal organization of components of T cell signaling pathways and Cdc42-dependent actin polymerization.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	22-26
22829599-1	2012	Localization of DEF6 (SLAT/IBP), a Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor, to the center of the immune synapse is dependent upon ITK, a Tec-family kinase that regulates the spatiotemporal organization of components of T cell signaling pathways and Cdc42-dependent actin polymerization.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	27-30
22829599-1	2012	Localization of DEF6 (SLAT/IBP), a Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor, to the center of the immune synapse is dependent upon ITK, a Tec-family kinase that regulates the spatiotemporal organization of components of T cell signaling pathways and Cdc42-dependent actin polymerization.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	IL2 inducible T cell kinase	Homo sapiens	136-139
22829599-1	2012	Localization of DEF6 (SLAT/IBP), a Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor, to the center of the immune synapse is dependent upon ITK, a Tec-family kinase that regulates the spatiotemporal organization of components of T cell signaling pathways and Cdc42-dependent actin polymerization.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	255-260
22787280-8	2012	Thus guanine nucleotide specificity of the vacuolar fusion Rab Ypt7p is conferred through downstream posttranslational modification of its effector complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	5-23	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-68
22815290-7	2012	The functional defects observed in Sh3bp2-/- neutrophils may partially be explained by the failure to fully activate Vav1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor and properly localize P-Rex1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor at the leading edge of migrating cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	122-140	SH3 domain binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	35-41
22815290-7	2012	The functional defects observed in Sh3bp2-/- neutrophils may partially be explained by the failure to fully activate Vav1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor and properly localize P-Rex1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor at the leading edge of migrating cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-204	SH3 domain binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	35-41
22815290-7	2012	The functional defects observed in Sh3bp2-/- neutrophils may partially be explained by the failure to fully activate Vav1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor and properly localize P-Rex1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor at the leading edge of migrating cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	186-204	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	179-185
22949735-10	2012	These effects required binding of FAM123A to and inhibition of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF2, a microtubule-associated activator of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	APC membrane recruitment protein 2	Homo sapiens	34-41
22949735-10	2012	These effects required binding of FAM123A to and inhibition of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF2, a microtubule-associated activator of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	102-109
22949735-10	2012	These effects required binding of FAM123A to and inhibition of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF2, a microtubule-associated activator of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	149-153
22511245-3	2012	Ric-8 belongs to a highly conserved protein family that regulates heterotrimeric G-protein function, acting as a non-canonical guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) over a subset of Galpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	127-145	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	0-5
22740700-4	2012	Here, we studied the thermodynamics of guanine nucleotide binding to SelB by isothermal titration calorimetry in the temperature range between 10 and 25  C using GTP, GDP, and two nonhydrolyzable GTP analogs, guanosine 5"-O-(gamma-thio)triphosphate (GTPgammaS) and guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)-triphosphate (GDPNP).	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	69-73
22787149-6	2012	Moreover, we found that human ferric bis-His Ngb acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for Galpha(i/o) that has been modified by oxidative stress.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	45-48
22787149-6	2012	Moreover, we found that human ferric bis-His Ngb acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for Galpha(i/o) that has been modified by oxidative stress.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	105-115
22738401-1	2012	The human protein Rap1A (Rap) is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases that binds to the downstream effector Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	18-23
22738401-1	2012	The human protein Rap1A (Rap) is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases that binds to the downstream effector Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	18-21
22738401-1	2012	The human protein Rap1A (Rap) is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases that binds to the downstream effector Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	114-117
22738401-1	2012	The human protein Rap1A (Rap) is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases that binds to the downstream effector Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	162-168
22740700-5	2012	The binding of SelB to either guanine nucleotide is characterized by a large heat capacity change (-621, -467, -235, and -275 cal x mol(-1) x K(-1), with GTP, GTPgammaS, GDPNP, and GDP, respectively), associated with compensatory changes in binding entropy and enthalpy.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	15-19
22977732-4	2012	We present here the crystal structure of folliculin carboxy-terminal domain and demonstrate that it is distantly related to differentially expressed in normal cells and neoplasia (DENN) domain proteins, a family of Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	219-237	folliculin	Homo sapiens	41-51
22977732-4	2012	We present here the crystal structure of folliculin carboxy-terminal domain and demonstrate that it is distantly related to differentially expressed in normal cells and neoplasia (DENN) domain proteins, a family of Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	219-237	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	180-184
22692505-2	2012	In the present study, we present the cellular and molecular roles of the Rho GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav in lymphoid leukemogenesis and explore the roles of Vav proteins in BCR-ABL-dependent signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	119-122
22818197-5	2012	Then, we show the results on cAMP oscillations when perturbing the amount of protein Cdc25 coupled with the alteration of the intracellular ratio of the guanine nucleotides (GTP/GDP), which are known to regulate the switch of the GTPase Ras protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-172	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	85-90
22683260-4	2012	SPK1 belongs to the conserved DHR2-Dock family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	guanyl-nucleotide exchange factors;GTPase binding;GTP binding protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
22571869-0	2012	Cdc42 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Ect2 and trio mediate Fn14-induced migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	ect2 oncogene	Mus musculus	50-54
22705394-4	2012	Here, we show that the TI-VAMP/VAMP7 partner Varp, a Rab21 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, interacts with GolginA4 and the kinesin 1 Kif5A.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	vesicle associated membrane protein 7	Homo sapiens	23-30
22705394-4	2012	Here, we show that the TI-VAMP/VAMP7 partner Varp, a Rab21 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, interacts with GolginA4 and the kinesin 1 Kif5A.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	vesicle associated membrane protein 7	Homo sapiens	31-36
22705394-4	2012	Here, we show that the TI-VAMP/VAMP7 partner Varp, a Rab21 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, interacts with GolginA4 and the kinesin 1 Kif5A.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	ankyrin repeat domain 27	Homo sapiens	45-49
22705394-4	2012	Here, we show that the TI-VAMP/VAMP7 partner Varp, a Rab21 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, interacts with GolginA4 and the kinesin 1 Kif5A.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAB21, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	53-58
22705394-4	2012	Here, we show that the TI-VAMP/VAMP7 partner Varp, a Rab21 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, interacts with GolginA4 and the kinesin 1 Kif5A.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	golgin A4	Homo sapiens	110-118
22705394-4	2012	Here, we show that the TI-VAMP/VAMP7 partner Varp, a Rab21 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, interacts with GolginA4 and the kinesin 1 Kif5A.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	kinesin family member 5A	Homo sapiens	137-142
22711838-5	2012	Consistent with this model, an acetylation-mimetic mutation in K-RAS4B suppressed guanine nucleotide exchange factor-induced nucleotide exchange and inhibited in vitro transforming activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	63-70
22593205-5	2012	Recognition of Ypt7 by retromer is required for its function in retrograde sorting, and in yeast cells lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ypt7, retrograde cargo accumulates in endosomes that are decorated with retromer, revealing an additional role for Rab recognition at the cargo export stage of the retromer functional cycle.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	15-19
22593205-5	2012	Recognition of Ypt7 by retromer is required for its function in retrograde sorting, and in yeast cells lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ypt7, retrograde cargo accumulates in endosomes that are decorated with retromer, revealing an additional role for Rab recognition at the cargo export stage of the retromer functional cycle.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	154-158
22593205-5	2012	Recognition of Ypt7 by retromer is required for its function in retrograde sorting, and in yeast cells lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ypt7, retrograde cargo accumulates in endosomes that are decorated with retromer, revealing an additional role for Rab recognition at the cargo export stage of the retromer functional cycle.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	269-272
22467863-8	2012	Analysis of Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) suggests that radixin affects the activity of Vav GEFs.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	radixin	Homo sapiens	73-80
22467863-8	2012	Analysis of Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) suggests that radixin affects the activity of Vav GEFs.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	105-108
22658723-2	2012	Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) controls the guanine nucleotide pool and, thereby, cell proliferation.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	raspberry	Drosophila melanogaster	37-42
22573891-3	2012	Here we show that GBF1, a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor for Arf-GTPases, is primarily responsible for Arf1 activation upon GPCR stimulation and is important for neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
22573891-3	2012	Here we show that GBF1, a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor for Arf-GTPases, is primarily responsible for Arf1 activation upon GPCR stimulation and is important for neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
22571869-0	2012	Cdc42 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Ect2 and trio mediate Fn14-induced migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting)	Mus musculus	59-63
22648798-4	2012	Here, we find that in vivo, the alpha-catenin homologue-alpha-catulin, a protein originally reported to interact with Lbc Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is highly expressed at the tumor invasion front and in the metastatic streams of cells in both malignant hHNSCCs and a mouse model of oral SCC.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	catenin (cadherin associated protein), alpha-like 1	Mus musculus	56-69
22648798-4	2012	Here, we find that in vivo, the alpha-catenin homologue-alpha-catulin, a protein originally reported to interact with Lbc Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is highly expressed at the tumor invasion front and in the metastatic streams of cells in both malignant hHNSCCs and a mouse model of oral SCC.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	serpin family B member 3	Homo sapiens	270-273
22571869-0	2012	Cdc42 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Ect2 and trio mediate Fn14-induced migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 12a	Mus musculus	72-76
22385209-4	2012	We mutated this glutamine to every amino acid except cysteine and proline and then incubated these mutants with a Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (Ral) containing the I18C mutation that was chemically labeled with a thiocyanate vibrational spectroscopic probe.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	114-117
22647486-5	2012	Elmo and Dock180 proteins form ELMO/Dock180 complexes functioning as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	9-16
22647486-5	2012	Elmo and Dock180 proteins form ELMO/Dock180 complexes functioning as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	36-43
22647486-5	2012	Elmo and Dock180 proteins form ELMO/Dock180 complexes functioning as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	116-119
22607683-1	2012	Exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac) are a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate a wide variety of intracellular processes in response to second messenger cAMP.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	46-50
22654768-2	2012	betaPix is one of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that catalyze the exchange of bound GDP for ambient GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	0-7
22362774-3	2012	Structural and biochemical analysis of the SopB GTPase binding domain in complex with Cdc42 shows for the first time that SopB structurally and functionally mimics a host guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) by contacting key residues in the regulatory switch regions of Cdc42 and slowing Cdc42 nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	86-91
22362774-3	2012	Structural and biochemical analysis of the SopB GTPase binding domain in complex with Cdc42 shows for the first time that SopB structurally and functionally mimics a host guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) by contacting key residues in the regulatory switch regions of Cdc42 and slowing Cdc42 nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	282-287
22362774-3	2012	Structural and biochemical analysis of the SopB GTPase binding domain in complex with Cdc42 shows for the first time that SopB structurally and functionally mimics a host guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) by contacting key residues in the regulatory switch regions of Cdc42 and slowing Cdc42 nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	282-287
22596063-5	2012	Furthermore, the lipid raft protein caveolin-1 (CAV1) functions as a scaffold and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor protein for CDC42, which is inactivated when associated with CAV1.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	36-46
22596063-5	2012	Furthermore, the lipid raft protein caveolin-1 (CAV1) functions as a scaffold and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor protein for CDC42, which is inactivated when associated with CAV1.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
22596063-5	2012	Furthermore, the lipid raft protein caveolin-1 (CAV1) functions as a scaffold and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor protein for CDC42, which is inactivated when associated with CAV1.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	136-141
22596063-5	2012	Furthermore, the lipid raft protein caveolin-1 (CAV1) functions as a scaffold and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor protein for CDC42, which is inactivated when associated with CAV1.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	185-189
22523074-0	2012	ARF6 activated by the LHCG receptor through the cytohesin family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors mediates the receptor internalization and signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
22492845-6	2012	The endocytosis of ABCB4 was not dependent on the GNOM-LIKE1 function, and the sensitivity of ABCB4 to brefeldin A required guanine nucleotide exchange factors for adenosyl ribosylation factor other than GNOM.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	ATP binding cassette subfamily B4	Arabidopsis thaliana	94-99
22433857-2	2012	Recent studies have demonstrated that polarized vesicular trafficking involving the small GTPase Rab8 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8 is essential for primary ciliogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	97-101
22433857-2	2012	Recent studies have demonstrated that polarized vesicular trafficking involving the small GTPase Rab8 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabin8 is essential for primary ciliogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	145-151
22433857-3	2012	In this study, we show that a highly conserved region of Rabin8 is pivotal for its activation as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	57-63
22433857-3	2012	In this study, we show that a highly conserved region of Rabin8 is pivotal for its activation as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	99-117	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	138-142
22520755-3	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors, DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac through its DHR-2 domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	dedicator of cytokinesis 2	Homo sapiens	9-14
22520755-3	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors, DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac through its DHR-2 domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	157-160
22448927-3	2012	Previously, we reported that the substitution of a glycine for a proline at position 56 within the linker region connecting the helical and GTP-binding domains of a Galpha chimera, designated alphaT*, yields a more readily exchangeable state for guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	246-265	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	165-171
22385209-4	2012	We mutated this glutamine to every amino acid except cysteine and proline and then incubated these mutants with a Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (Ral) containing the I18C mutation that was chemically labeled with a thiocyanate vibrational spectroscopic probe.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	162-165
22328776-3	2012	Here we attempted to clarify the expression, subcellular localization, downstream effectors, and proangiogenic role of FGD5, a member of the FGD family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	119-123
22421037-3	2012	(2012) trace the basis of endomitosis to sequential downregulation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors GEF-H1 and ECT2.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	106-112
22426478-6	2012	Consistently, activation of Cdc42 by overexpression of Tuba, a Golgi-associated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 increased the number of intracellular dense-core vesicles, whereas inhibition of Cdc42 by overexpression of the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding domain of neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein decreased the number of them.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	28-33
22426478-6	2012	Consistently, activation of Cdc42 by overexpression of Tuba, a Golgi-associated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 increased the number of intracellular dense-core vesicles, whereas inhibition of Cdc42 by overexpression of the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding domain of neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein decreased the number of them.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
22426478-6	2012	Consistently, activation of Cdc42 by overexpression of Tuba, a Golgi-associated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 increased the number of intracellular dense-core vesicles, whereas inhibition of Cdc42 by overexpression of the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding domain of neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein decreased the number of them.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
22426478-6	2012	Consistently, activation of Cdc42 by overexpression of Tuba, a Golgi-associated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 increased the number of intracellular dense-core vesicles, whereas inhibition of Cdc42 by overexpression of the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding domain of neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein decreased the number of them.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
22360309-2	2012	Herein, using an array of biophysical methods, we provide evidence that although the Grb2 adaptor can potentially bind to all four PXpsiPXR motifs (designated herein S1-S4) located within the Sos1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, the formation of the Grb2-Sos1 signaling complex occurs with a 2:1 stoichiometry.	Guanine Nucleotides	197-215	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	85-89
22360309-2	2012	Herein, using an array of biophysical methods, we provide evidence that although the Grb2 adaptor can potentially bind to all four PXpsiPXR motifs (designated herein S1-S4) located within the Sos1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, the formation of the Grb2-Sos1 signaling complex occurs with a 2:1 stoichiometry.	Guanine Nucleotides	197-215	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
21968647-9	2012	Intriguingly, PAQR10 and PAQR11 are able to interact with RasGRP1, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein of Ras, and increase Golgi localization of RasGRP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-65
21968647-9	2012	Intriguingly, PAQR10 and PAQR11 are able to interact with RasGRP1, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein of Ras, and increase Golgi localization of RasGRP1.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	148-155
22523731-1	2012	BACKGROUND/AIMS: Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein) beta polypeptide 3 (GNB3) C825T polymorphism alters intracellular signal transduction, which may lead to motor or sensory abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	G protein subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	84-88
22262848-1	2012	The RasGRP (Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing protein) family proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Ras GTPases, ultimately leading to MAPK activation and many cellular processes.	Guanine Nucleotides	16-34	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	4-10
22421037-3	2012	(2012) trace the basis of endomitosis to sequential downregulation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors GEF-H1 and ECT2.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	117-121
22035369-6	2012	db-cAMP induces phosphorylation of RhoA and augments the binding of RhoA with Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
22344035-3	2012	By using quantitative microscopy methods, we show that the flippase complex is required for fast dissociation of Cdc42 from the polar cortex by the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	113-118
22344035-4	2012	A loss of flippase activity, or pharmacological blockage of the inward flipping of phosphatidylethanolamine, a phospholipid with a neutral head group, disrupts Cdc42 polarity maintained by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-mediated recycling.	Guanine Nucleotides	189-207	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	160-165
22344035-6	2012	Using a reconstituted system with supported lipid bilayers, we show that the relative composition of phosphatidylethanolamine versus phosphatidylserine directly modulates Cdc42 extraction from the membrane by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor.	Guanine Nucleotides	209-227	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	171-176
21984612-5	2012	Whereas activation of Rho signals via TGF-beta-induced non-Smad signals has been implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), we found that Arhgef5, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is induced by Smad signals and contributes to the TGF-beta2-induced alpha-SMA expression in MS-1 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 5	Mus musculus	150-157
22004728-1	2012	ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4) is a member of the Ras superfamily of small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	0-25
22383878-2	2012	Using a proteomic approach we show that a strong interacting partner of hDlg is the RhoG-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor SGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
22383878-2	2012	Using a proteomic approach we show that a strong interacting partner of hDlg is the RhoG-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor SGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	84-88
22383878-2	2012	Using a proteomic approach we show that a strong interacting partner of hDlg is the RhoG-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor SGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 26	Homo sapiens	133-137
22004728-1	2012	ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4) is a member of the Ras superfamily of small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	27-31
22203994-5	2012	Computational modeling suggests that the NCF2 H389Q mutation reduces the binding efficiency of NCF2 with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
21685944-1	2012	beta-Arrestins 1 and 2 are multifunctional adaptor proteins originally discovered for their role in desensitizing seven-transmembrane receptor signaling via the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	arrestin beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-22
22219288-1	2012	Dock3, a new member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors, causes cellular morphological changes by activating the small GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	dedicator of cyto-kinesis 3	Mus musculus	0-5
22219288-1	2012	Dock3, a new member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors, causes cellular morphological changes by activating the small GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	133-137
22203994-5	2012	Computational modeling suggests that the NCF2 H389Q mutation reduces the binding efficiency of NCF2 with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	95-99
22203994-5	2012	Computational modeling suggests that the NCF2 H389Q mutation reduces the binding efficiency of NCF2 with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
22432082-1	2012	The Vav family of proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors which have been shown to be deregulated in several types of human cancer.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
23226417-9	2012	These findings suggest that ERp57 regulates RalA signalling by acting as a redox-sensitive guanine-nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RalGDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3	Homo sapiens	28-33
21851854-1	2012	The multi-domain protein hSos1 plays a major role in cell growth and differentiation through its Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange domain whose complex regulation involves intra-molecular, inter-domain rearrangements.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
21851854-8	2012	The activation state of Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange domain of hSos1 arises as an "emergent property" of its multi-domain structure that allows multi-level integration of a complex network of intra- and inter-molecular signals.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-55	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	75-80
23095975-2	2012	Using immunological, pharmacological and molecular biological approaches, we have also identified guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac1 (e.g., Tiam1) and Arf6 (e.g., ARNO) in clonal INS-1 832/13 cells, normal rat islets and human islets.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	145-149
23095975-2	2012	Using immunological, pharmacological and molecular biological approaches, we have also identified guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac1 (e.g., Tiam1) and Arf6 (e.g., ARNO) in clonal INS-1 832/13 cells, normal rat islets and human islets.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Rattus norvegicus	157-162
22815639-1	2012	PURPOSE: SWAP 70-like adaptor of T cells (SLAT; aka Def6) is a recently discovered guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho guanosine triphosphate (GTP)ases that has been previously shown to play a role in cluster of differentiation(CD)4+ T cell activation, T-helper (Th)1/Th2/Th17 differentiation and development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	SWA-70 protein	Mus musculus	9-16
22815639-1	2012	PURPOSE: SWAP 70-like adaptor of T cells (SLAT; aka Def6) is a recently discovered guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho guanosine triphosphate (GTP)ases that has been previously shown to play a role in cluster of differentiation(CD)4+ T cell activation, T-helper (Th)1/Th2/Th17 differentiation and development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	differentially expressed in FDCP 6	Mus musculus	42-46
22815639-1	2012	PURPOSE: SWAP 70-like adaptor of T cells (SLAT; aka Def6) is a recently discovered guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho guanosine triphosphate (GTP)ases that has been previously shown to play a role in cluster of differentiation(CD)4+ T cell activation, T-helper (Th)1/Th2/Th17 differentiation and development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	differentially expressed in FDCP 6	Mus musculus	52-56
22815639-1	2012	PURPOSE: SWAP 70-like adaptor of T cells (SLAT; aka Def6) is a recently discovered guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho guanosine triphosphate (GTP)ases that has been previously shown to play a role in cluster of differentiation(CD)4+ T cell activation, T-helper (Th)1/Th2/Th17 differentiation and development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2	Mus musculus	275-278
23095975-2	2012	Using immunological, pharmacological and molecular biological approaches, we have also identified guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac1 (e.g., Tiam1) and Arf6 (e.g., ARNO) in clonal INS-1 832/13 cells, normal rat islets and human islets.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	168-172
23095975-2	2012	Using immunological, pharmacological and molecular biological approaches, we have also identified guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac1 (e.g., Tiam1) and Arf6 (e.g., ARNO) in clonal INS-1 832/13 cells, normal rat islets and human islets.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	cytohesin 2	Rattus norvegicus	180-184
23095975-2	2012	Using immunological, pharmacological and molecular biological approaches, we have also identified guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rac1 (e.g., Tiam1) and Arf6 (e.g., ARNO) in clonal INS-1 832/13 cells, normal rat islets and human islets.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	196-201
23233801-1	2012	PURPOSE: Studies to explore angiotensin II (Ang II) and its downstream signaling pathways via Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) and RhoA signaling are crucial to understanding the mechanisms of smooth muscle contraction leading to hypertension.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	28-42
23233801-1	2012	PURPOSE: Studies to explore angiotensin II (Ang II) and its downstream signaling pathways via Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) and RhoA signaling are crucial to understanding the mechanisms of smooth muscle contraction leading to hypertension.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	44-50
23226417-9	2012	These findings suggest that ERp57 regulates RalA signalling by acting as a redox-sensitive guanine-nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RalGDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	44-48
22900022-3	2012	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: TC10 requires high concentrations of magnesium in order to stabilize guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	ras homolog family member Q	Homo sapiens	32-36
23050005-2	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain the Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac via its DOCK homology region (DHR)-2 (also known as CZH2 or Docker) domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	dedicator of cytokinesis 2	Homo sapiens	9-14
23236438-1	2012	We recently reported that Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase (IMPDH), a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, clustered into macrostructures in response to decreased nucleotide levels and that there were differences between the IMPDH isoforms, IMPDH1 and IMPDH2.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	272-278
23236438-1	2012	We recently reported that Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase (IMPDH), a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, clustered into macrostructures in response to decreased nucleotide levels and that there were differences between the IMPDH isoforms, IMPDH1 and IMPDH2.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	283-289
23050005-2	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain the Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac via its DOCK homology region (DHR)-2 (also known as CZH2 or Docker) domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
22479462-2	2012	Similar domains are found in a range of different proteins including neurofibromatosis type-1, a Ras GTPase-activating Protein (RasGAP) and Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	69-93
22911862-3	2012	First, we determined that TEM4 can stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and the related RhoB and RhoC isoforms.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 17	Homo sapiens	26-30
22911862-3	2012	First, we determined that TEM4 can stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and the related RhoB and RhoC isoforms.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	76-80
22911862-3	2012	First, we determined that TEM4 can stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and the related RhoB and RhoC isoforms.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	97-101
22911862-3	2012	First, we determined that TEM4 can stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and the related RhoB and RhoC isoforms.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	106-110
22479462-2	2012	Similar domains are found in a range of different proteins including neurofibromatosis type-1, a Ras GTPase-activating Protein (RasGAP) and Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	97-126
22479462-2	2012	Similar domains are found in a range of different proteins including neurofibromatosis type-1, a Ras GTPase-activating Protein (RasGAP) and Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	128-134
22272350-1	2012	The eukaryotic translation elongation factor eEF-1Bbeta1 (EF1Bbeta) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that plays an important role in translation elongation.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	translation elongation factor EF1B/ribosomal protein S6 family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	58-66
22036786-2	2011	Ras proteins are regulated by Ira1/2 GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) and Cdc25/Sdc25 guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	75-80
22238672-1	2012	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Trio encodes two DH-PH domains that catalyze nucleotide exchange on Rac1, RhoG and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	39-43
22238672-1	2012	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Trio encodes two DH-PH domains that catalyze nucleotide exchange on Rac1, RhoG and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
22238672-1	2012	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Trio encodes two DH-PH domains that catalyze nucleotide exchange on Rac1, RhoG and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	113-117
22238672-1	2012	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Trio encodes two DH-PH domains that catalyze nucleotide exchange on Rac1, RhoG and RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	122-126
22172673-5	2011	Both guanine nucleotide exchange function and membrane targeting of Ect2 are essential for RhoA activation and cleavage furrow formation in human cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	5-23	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	91-95
21943825-6	2011	Inactivation of Rac1 by using a Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 or siRNA knocking down the expression of Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, significantly reduced Trastuzumab resistance in SKBR3 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
21943825-6	2011	Inactivation of Rac1 by using a Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 or siRNA knocking down the expression of Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, significantly reduced Trastuzumab resistance in SKBR3 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	97-102
21943825-6	2011	Inactivation of Rac1 by using a Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 or siRNA knocking down the expression of Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, significantly reduced Trastuzumab resistance in SKBR3 cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
22155786-4	2011	Binding of proNGF to the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex induced growth cone retraction by initiating the dissociation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio from the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex, resulting in decreased Rac activity and, consequently, growth cone collapse.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	nerve growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	25-31
22155786-4	2011	Binding of proNGF to the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex induced growth cone retraction by initiating the dissociation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio from the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex, resulting in decreased Rac activity and, consequently, growth cone collapse.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	sortilin related VPS10 domain containing receptor 2	Homo sapiens	32-38
22155786-4	2011	Binding of proNGF to the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex induced growth cone retraction by initiating the dissociation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio from the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex, resulting in decreased Rac activity and, consequently, growth cone collapse.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	151-155
22036786-2	2011	Ras proteins are regulated by Ira1/2 GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) and Cdc25/Sdc25 guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	87-105	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	81-86
22155786-4	2011	Binding of proNGF to the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex induced growth cone retraction by initiating the dissociation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio from the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex, resulting in decreased Rac activity and, consequently, growth cone collapse.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	nerve growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	165-171
22126964-7	2011	The guanine nucleotide exchange factors RhoGEF6 and RhoGEF7 were necessary for Cdc42 activation within the NK cell immunological synapse.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	79-84
22155786-4	2011	Binding of proNGF to the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex induced growth cone retraction by initiating the dissociation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio from the p75NTR-SorCS2 complex, resulting in decreased Rac activity and, consequently, growth cone collapse.	Guanine Nucleotides	116-134	sortilin related VPS10 domain containing receptor 2	Homo sapiens	172-178
21828338-7	2011	Of the two Cdc42 guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) proteins identified in beta cells, betaPix competed selectively with caveolin-1 (Cav-1) but not RhoGDI in coimmunoprecipitation and GST-Cdc42-GDP interaction assays.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	100-107
22043008-6	2011	Loss of PTEN in macrophage leads to activation of the pleckstrin homology domain-containing guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 and subsequent activation of Rac1 GTPase, resulting in increased amounts of F-actin upon engulfment of apoptotic cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	8-12
22043008-6	2011	Loss of PTEN in macrophage leads to activation of the pleckstrin homology domain-containing guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 and subsequent activation of Rac1 GTPase, resulting in increased amounts of F-actin upon engulfment of apoptotic cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	92-110	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
21748802-1	2011	Using molecular dynamics simulations, we explore geometric and physical factors contributing to calculated electrostatic fields at the binding surface of the GTPase Ras with a spectroscopically labeled variant of a downstream effector, the Ras-binding domain of Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	266-284	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	262-265
21748802-1	2011	Using molecular dynamics simulations, we explore geometric and physical factors contributing to calculated electrostatic fields at the binding surface of the GTPase Ras with a spectroscopically labeled variant of a downstream effector, the Ras-binding domain of Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS).	Guanine Nucleotides	266-284	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	310-316
22109529-3	2011	Here we show that mice lacking                 P-Rex1, a Rac-specific Rho GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factor, have a                 melanoblast migration defect during development evidenced by a white belly.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	47-53
22114146-1	2011	Ric-8A (resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A) and Ric-8B are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that enhance different heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) signaling pathways by unknown mechanisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Mus musculus	0-6
22114146-1	2011	Ric-8A (resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A) and Ric-8B are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that enhance different heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) signaling pathways by unknown mechanisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Mus musculus	8-53
22114146-1	2011	Ric-8A (resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A) and Ric-8B are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that enhance different heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) signaling pathways by unknown mechanisms.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor B	Mus musculus	59-65
22175896-1	2011	AIMS: Dedicator of cytokinesis I (Dock180) is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho guanosine triphosphates (GTPases) important for cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	34-41
21995315-6	2011	We demonstrate the following: that rhodopsin has a covalently bound all-trans-retinal chromophore and therefore corresponds to the active metarhodopin II state; that transducin has an empty nucleotide-binding pocket; that the isolated complex is active and dissociates upon addition of guanine nucleotide; and finally that the stoichiometry corresponds reproducibly to a 1/1 molar ratio of rhodopsin to transducin.	Guanine Nucleotides	286-304	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	35-44
21926430-4	2011	We found that beta-Pix (p21-activated kinase-interactive exchange factor), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho family of small GTPases known to regulate cell motility directly interacted with SNX27.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF7)	Mus musculus	14-22
21926430-4	2011	We found that beta-Pix (p21-activated kinase-interactive exchange factor), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho family of small GTPases known to regulate cell motility directly interacted with SNX27.	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	sorting nexin family member 27	Mus musculus	205-210
21885830-3	2011	Although it is thought that specific agonists and GPCRs may couple to distinct RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), thus raising the possibility of selective targeting of specific GEFs for therapeutic use, this notion is largely unexplored for SM contraction.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	79-83
22033413-1	2011	Rho family GTPase-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the Dbl family regulate a variety of cellular events including cytoskeletal arrangement, signal transduction, and gene expression through activation of Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	70-73
21878522-5	2011	Hearts lacking both M-CK and sarcomeric mitochondrial CK have diminished PCr turnover, total phosphotransfer capacity and intracellular energetic communication but increased dynamics of beta-phosphoryls of ADP/ATP, G-6-P and gamma-/beta-phosphoryls of GTP, indicating redistribution of flux through adenylate kinase (AK), glycolytic and guanine nucleotide phosphotransfer circuits.	Guanine Nucleotides	337-355	creatine kinase, muscle	Mus musculus	20-24
22701760-1	2011	Ect2 is a member of the human Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) that serve as activators of Rho family small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
21726669-1	2011	RIC-8 is a highly conserved protein that promotes G protein signaling as it acts as a Guanine nucleotide Exchanging Factor (GEF) over a subset of Galpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Xenopus tropicalis	0-5
21880903-0	2011	Essential role for vav Guanine nucleotide exchange factors in brain-derived neurotrophic factor-induced dendritic spine growth and synapse plasticity.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	19-22
21795707-6	2011	Galpha(i3)xFP proteins bound the cytosolic domain of GIRK1 and interacted with Gbetagamma in a guanine nucleotide-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	95-113	brain protein I3	Homo sapiens	0-9
21771786-6	2011	Here, we show that cholinesterase-8A (Ric-8A), a nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor for some heterotrimeric G proteins, is critical for coupling RTKs to Galpha(13).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	38-44
21771786-6	2011	Here, we show that cholinesterase-8A (Ric-8A), a nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor for some heterotrimeric G proteins, is critical for coupling RTKs to Galpha(13).	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	165-175
21586585-6	2011	A lower affinity of Haa1 toward HRE motifs having mutations in the guanine nucleotides at position 7 and 9 (K(D) of 21 and 119 nM, respectively) was also observed.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-86	Haa1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	20-24
21850707-3	2011	The activity of Rab8 is controlled by specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	16-20
21873336-4	2011	The alpha subunits of G12 or G13 have been shown to interact with members of the RH domain containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho (RH-RhoGEF) family of proteins to directly connect G protein-mediated signalling and RhoGTPase signalling.	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	147-156
21867964-3	2011	We previously demonstrated that, on the one hand, human ferric Ngb binds to the alpha-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galpha(i)) and acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galpha(i).	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	63-66
21880903-0	2011	Essential role for vav Guanine nucleotide exchange factors in brain-derived neurotrophic factor-induced dendritic spine growth and synapse plasticity.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	62-95
21880903-3	2011	We report here that BDNF/TrkB signaling in neurons activates the Vav family of Rac/RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors through a novel TrkB-dependent mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	20-24
21880903-3	2011	We report here that BDNF/TrkB signaling in neurons activates the Vav family of Rac/RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors through a novel TrkB-dependent mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2	Mus musculus	25-29
21880903-3	2011	We report here that BDNF/TrkB signaling in neurons activates the Vav family of Rac/RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors through a novel TrkB-dependent mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	65-68
21880903-3	2011	We report here that BDNF/TrkB signaling in neurons activates the Vav family of Rac/RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors through a novel TrkB-dependent mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	83-87
21880903-3	2011	We report here that BDNF/TrkB signaling in neurons activates the Vav family of Rac/RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors through a novel TrkB-dependent mechanism.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2	Mus musculus	140-144
21763641-7	2011	However, activation of exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras GTPase homologues, Rap1 and Rap2, with the Epac1-specific cAMP analog, 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP, mimicked the suppressive effect of isoproterenol on particle uptake.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	23-57
21441953-4	2011	Although the Rgr proto-oncogene belongs to the RalGDS family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we show that upon the introduction of hRgr into fibroblast cell lines, it is able to elicit the activation of both Ral and Ras GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	retinal G protein coupled receptor	Homo sapiens	13-16
21441953-4	2011	Although the Rgr proto-oncogene belongs to the RalGDS family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we show that upon the introduction of hRgr into fibroblast cell lines, it is able to elicit the activation of both Ral and Ras GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	47-53
21441953-4	2011	Although the Rgr proto-oncogene belongs to the RalGDS family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), we show that upon the introduction of hRgr into fibroblast cell lines, it is able to elicit the activation of both Ral and Ras GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	retinal G protein coupled receptor	Homo sapiens	146-150
21441953-5	2011	Moreover, in vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays confirm that hRgr promotes Ral and Ras activation through GDP dissociation, which is a critical characteristic of GEF proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	retinal G protein coupled receptor	Homo sapiens	67-71
21441953-5	2011	Moreover, in vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays confirm that hRgr promotes Ral and Ras activation through GDP dissociation, which is a critical characteristic of GEF proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	81-84
21441953-6	2011	hRgr has guanine nucleotide exchange activity for both small GTPases and this activity was reduced when a point mutation within the catalytic domain (CDC25) of the protein, (cd) Dtr-hRgr, was utilized.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	retinal G protein coupled receptor	Homo sapiens	0-4
21441953-6	2011	hRgr has guanine nucleotide exchange activity for both small GTPases and this activity was reduced when a point mutation within the catalytic domain (CDC25) of the protein, (cd) Dtr-hRgr, was utilized.	Guanine Nucleotides	9-27	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	150-155
24353899-5	2011	n-alkanols (ethanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol and nonanol) showed differential effects on guanine nucleotide exchange by Galphai1, Galphai2 and Galphao.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	165-172
21832186-6	2011	Genetic epistasis experiments show the following: (1) AGS-3 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RIC-8 act in ASH in a mutually dependent fashion to activate Galpha(o); (2) this activation requires interaction of the GPR domains of AGS-3 with Galpha(o); and (3) Galpha(o)-GTP is ultimately the signaling molecule that acts in ASH to delay octanol response.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	Synembryn	Caenorhabditis elegans	103-108
21832186-6	2011	Genetic epistasis experiments show the following: (1) AGS-3 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RIC-8 act in ASH in a mutually dependent fashion to activate Galpha(o); (2) this activation requires interaction of the GPR domains of AGS-3 with Galpha(o); and (3) Galpha(o)-GTP is ultimately the signaling molecule that acts in ASH to delay octanol response.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	Activator of G protein signaling	Caenorhabditis elegans	238-243
21763641-7	2011	However, activation of exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras GTPase homologues, Rap1 and Rap2, with the Epac1-specific cAMP analog, 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP, mimicked the suppressive effect of isoproterenol on particle uptake.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	59-63
21763641-7	2011	However, activation of exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras GTPase homologues, Rap1 and Rap2, with the Epac1-specific cAMP analog, 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP, mimicked the suppressive effect of isoproterenol on particle uptake.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	142-146
21763641-7	2011	However, activation of exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras GTPase homologues, Rap1 and Rap2, with the Epac1-specific cAMP analog, 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP, mimicked the suppressive effect of isoproterenol on particle uptake.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	166-171
21554507-8	2011	Rab3GEP is the non-redundant guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab27a in melanocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	68-74
21471298-2	2011	Due to the recent discovery of cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factors RAPGEF3 and RAPGEF4, we sought to investigate the separate roles of PRKACA and RAPGEF3/RAPGEF4 in modulating capacitation and acrosomal exocytosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Equus caballus	82-89
21554507-8	2011	Rab3GEP is the non-redundant guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab27a in melanocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	0-7
21586568-0	2011	Characterization of RIN3 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rab5 subfamily GTPase Rab31.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Ras and Rab interactor 3	Homo sapiens	20-24
21586568-0	2011	Characterization of RIN3 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rab5 subfamily GTPase Rab31.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-77
21586568-0	2011	Characterization of RIN3 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rab5 subfamily GTPase Rab31.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	RAB31, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	95-100
21586568-2	2011	Rab5 is activated by various vacuolar protein sorting 9 (VPS9) domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
21606197-1	2011	Activated Syk, an essential tyrosine kinase in B cell signaling, interacts with Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factors and regulates Vav activity through tyrosine phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	10-13
21606197-1	2011	Activated Syk, an essential tyrosine kinase in B cell signaling, interacts with Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factors and regulates Vav activity through tyrosine phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
21670213-2	2011	In this paper, we demonstrate that the nuclear pore component RanBP2 acts as a negative regulator of cAMP signaling through Epac1, a cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	RAN binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	62-68
21568348-6	2011	The adduct that is formed impedes RhoC guanine nucleotide exchange, which populates an inactive RhoC.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	34-38
21568348-6	2011	The adduct that is formed impedes RhoC guanine nucleotide exchange, which populates an inactive RhoC.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	96-100
21670213-2	2011	In this paper, we demonstrate that the nuclear pore component RanBP2 acts as a negative regulator of cAMP signaling through Epac1, a cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	124-129
21670213-2	2011	In this paper, we demonstrate that the nuclear pore component RanBP2 acts as a negative regulator of cAMP signaling through Epac1, a cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	187-190
21372162-4	2011	In the present study, we examined the role of polyamines in the regulation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, diffuse B-cell lymphoma (Dbl), for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	82-100	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	143-146
21389046-0	2011	Cleavage of oxidized guanine nucleotide and ADP sugar by human NUDT5 protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	nudix hydrolase 5	Homo sapiens	63-68
21517092-5	2011	GDP-to-GTP exchange, i.e., GTPase activation, is catalyzed by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor cytohesin-2.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	101-112
21389046-5	2011	The kinetic parameters for the two types of reactions indicated that ADP ribose is a better substrate for NUDT5 compared with oxidized guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-154	nudix hydrolase 5	Homo sapiens	106-111
21441934-3	2011	This pathway required protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta) and the guanine nucleotide-exchange factor RasGRP and depended on the concentration of the Ca(2+) sensor STIM1, which controls the magnitude of Ca(2+) entry.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	46-55
21460185-4	2011	PIKE-A GTPase binds active Akt and stimulates its kinase activity in a guanine-nucleotide-dependent way.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	ArfGAP with GTPase domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 2	Mus musculus	0-4
21460185-4	2011	PIKE-A GTPase binds active Akt and stimulates its kinase activity in a guanine-nucleotide-dependent way.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	27-30
21444916-1	2011	The small guanine nucleotide binding proteins of the Ras family, including in mammals the highly homologous H-ras, N-ras, and K-ras isoforms, are rapidly activated on ligation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR), but whether each isoform plays specific roles in T cells is largely unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	108-113
21444916-1	2011	The small guanine nucleotide binding proteins of the Ras family, including in mammals the highly homologous H-ras, N-ras, and K-ras isoforms, are rapidly activated on ligation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR), but whether each isoform plays specific roles in T cells is largely unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	neuroblastoma ras oncogene	Mus musculus	115-120
21444916-1	2011	The small guanine nucleotide binding proteins of the Ras family, including in mammals the highly homologous H-ras, N-ras, and K-ras isoforms, are rapidly activated on ligation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR), but whether each isoform plays specific roles in T cells is largely unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	10-28	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	126-131
21454477-1	2011	Paracingulin is a 160-kDa protein localized in the cytoplasmic region of epithelial tight and adherens junctions, where it regulates RhoA and Rac1 activities by interacting with guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	178-196	cingulin like 1	Canis lupus familiaris	0-12
21454477-1	2011	Paracingulin is a 160-kDa protein localized in the cytoplasmic region of epithelial tight and adherens junctions, where it regulates RhoA and Rac1 activities by interacting with guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	178-196	ras homolog family member A	Canis lupus familiaris	133-137
21454477-1	2011	Paracingulin is a 160-kDa protein localized in the cytoplasmic region of epithelial tight and adherens junctions, where it regulates RhoA and Rac1 activities by interacting with guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	178-196	Rac family small GTPase 1	Canis lupus familiaris	142-146
21587297-1	2011	Members of the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family of guanine-nucleotide-binding (G) proteins, including the ARF-like (ARL) proteins and SAR1, regulate membrane traffic and organelle structure by recruiting cargo-sorting coat proteins, modulating membrane lipid composition, and interacting with regulators of other G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	138-142
21427288-3	2011	We now show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Vav1 and Vav3 were tyrosine phosphorylated in platelets exposed to oxLDL.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	57-61
21427288-3	2011	We now show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Vav1 and Vav3 were tyrosine phosphorylated in platelets exposed to oxLDL.	Guanine Nucleotides	21-39	vav 3 oncogene	Mus musculus	66-70
21441934-3	2011	This pathway required protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta) and the guanine nucleotide-exchange factor RasGRP and depended on the concentration of the Ca(2+) sensor STIM1, which controls the magnitude of Ca(2+) entry.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	100-106
21441934-3	2011	This pathway required protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta) and the guanine nucleotide-exchange factor RasGRP and depended on the concentration of the Ca(2+) sensor STIM1, which controls the magnitude of Ca(2+) entry.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	stromal interaction molecule 1	Mus musculus	162-167
21330364-2	2011	New studies reveal that various DENN domains interact directly with members of the Rab family of small GTPases and that DENN domains function enzymatically as Rab-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	172-190	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	32-36
21776418-2	2011	Plk2 achieves a profound level of regulatory control by interacting with and phosphorylating at least four Ras and Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	polo like kinase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
21776418-2	2011	Plk2 achieves a profound level of regulatory control by interacting with and phosphorylating at least four Ras and Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	115-118
21330364-2	2011	New studies reveal that various DENN domains interact directly with members of the Rab family of small GTPases and that DENN domains function enzymatically as Rab-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	172-190	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	120-124
21285355-1	2011	Residues comprising the guanine nucleotide-binding sites of the alpha subunits of heterotrimeric (large) G-proteins (Galpha subunits), as well as the Ras-related (small) G-proteins, are highly conserved.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	117-123
21276423-2	2011	Herein, we tested the hypothesis that Arf nucleotide binding site opener [ARNO], a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor [GEF] for the small G-protein Arf6, mediates the functional activation of Arf6, and that ARNO/Arf6 signaling axis, in turn, controls the activation of Cdc42 and Rac1, which have been implicated in GSIS.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	cytohesin 2	Rattus norvegicus	38-72
21276423-2	2011	Herein, we tested the hypothesis that Arf nucleotide binding site opener [ARNO], a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor [GEF] for the small G-protein Arf6, mediates the functional activation of Arf6, and that ARNO/Arf6 signaling axis, in turn, controls the activation of Cdc42 and Rac1, which have been implicated in GSIS.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	cytohesin 2	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
21276423-2	2011	Herein, we tested the hypothesis that Arf nucleotide binding site opener [ARNO], a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor [GEF] for the small G-protein Arf6, mediates the functional activation of Arf6, and that ARNO/Arf6 signaling axis, in turn, controls the activation of Cdc42 and Rac1, which have been implicated in GSIS.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	148-152
21276423-2	2011	Herein, we tested the hypothesis that Arf nucleotide binding site opener [ARNO], a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor [GEF] for the small G-protein Arf6, mediates the functional activation of Arf6, and that ARNO/Arf6 signaling axis, in turn, controls the activation of Cdc42 and Rac1, which have been implicated in GSIS.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	192-196
21276423-2	2011	Herein, we tested the hypothesis that Arf nucleotide binding site opener [ARNO], a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor [GEF] for the small G-protein Arf6, mediates the functional activation of Arf6, and that ARNO/Arf6 signaling axis, in turn, controls the activation of Cdc42 and Rac1, which have been implicated in GSIS.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	192-196
21276423-2	2011	Herein, we tested the hypothesis that Arf nucleotide binding site opener [ARNO], a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor [GEF] for the small G-protein Arf6, mediates the functional activation of Arf6, and that ARNO/Arf6 signaling axis, in turn, controls the activation of Cdc42 and Rac1, which have been implicated in GSIS.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	269-274
21276423-2	2011	Herein, we tested the hypothesis that Arf nucleotide binding site opener [ARNO], a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor [GEF] for the small G-protein Arf6, mediates the functional activation of Arf6, and that ARNO/Arf6 signaling axis, in turn, controls the activation of Cdc42 and Rac1, which have been implicated in GSIS.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	279-283
21111731-5	2011	OxPAPC induced peripheral translocation of p190RhoGAP, which was abolished by knockdown of Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav2.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	Rho GTPase activating protein 35	Homo sapiens	43-53
21492154-0	2011	Concordance and interaction of guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) with RhoA in oogenesis and early development of the sea urchin.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	RhoA	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	87-91
21111786-0	2011	The RasGrf family of mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-10
21111786-1	2011	RasGrf1 and RasGrf2 are highly homologous mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are able to activate specific Ras or Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
21111786-1	2011	RasGrf1 and RasGrf2 are highly homologous mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors which are able to activate specific Ras or Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	52-70	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 2	Homo sapiens	12-19
21111731-5	2011	OxPAPC induced peripheral translocation of p190RhoGAP, which was abolished by knockdown of Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav2.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	91-94
21111731-5	2011	OxPAPC induced peripheral translocation of p190RhoGAP, which was abolished by knockdown of Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav2.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	140-145
21111731-5	2011	OxPAPC induced peripheral translocation of p190RhoGAP, which was abolished by knockdown of Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav2.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	150-154
21307862-5	2011	Our data showed that all resulted in a decrease in the guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity of the eIF2B complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	84-87
21224482-6	2011	The reduction in protein synthesis occurred with a concomitant decrease in expression and activity of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B), a regulated and rate-controlling guanine nucleotide exchange factor known to affect global rates of protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, subunit 4 delta	Mus musculus	102-133
21209086-0	2011	Vav family Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors regulate CD36-mediated macrophage foam cell formation.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	0-3
21209086-2	2011	Although Vav family guanine nucleotide exchange factors impact processes highly relevant to atherogenesis and are involved in pathways common to scavenger receptor CD36 signaling, their role in CD36-dependent macrophage foam cell formation remains unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	9-12
21386094-4	2011	Here, we report that monoubiquitination of lysine-147 in the guanine nucleotide-binding motif of wild-type K-Ras could lead to enhanced GTP loading.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	107-112
21224482-6	2011	The reduction in protein synthesis occurred with a concomitant decrease in expression and activity of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B), a regulated and rate-controlling guanine nucleotide exchange factor known to affect global rates of protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, subunit 4 delta	Mus musculus	135-140
21779498-5	2011	Of these, the guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the Ras-like (Ral) small GTPases (RalGEFs) have emerged as important effectors of mutant Ras in pancreatic, colon, and other cancers.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	RAN pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	57-65
21779498-5	2011	Of these, the guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the Ras-like (Ral) small GTPases (RalGEFs) have emerged as important effectors of mutant Ras in pancreatic, colon, and other cancers.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	RAN pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	67-70
21779500-3	2011	Mechanistically, the Sos proteins function as enzymatic factors interacting with Ras proteins in response to upstream stimuli to promote guanine nucleotide exchange (GDP/GTP) and subsequent formation of the active Ras-GTP complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	137-155	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
21779501-1	2011	Ras-GRF1 (GRF1) and Ras-GRF2 (GRF2) constitute a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1	Mus musculus	0-8
21779501-1	2011	Ras-GRF1 (GRF1) and Ras-GRF2 (GRF2) constitute a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1	Mus musculus	4-8
21779501-1	2011	Ras-GRF1 (GRF1) and Ras-GRF2 (GRF2) constitute a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2	Mus musculus	20-28
21779501-1	2011	Ras-GRF1 (GRF1) and Ras-GRF2 (GRF2) constitute a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2	Mus musculus	24-28
21329509-2	2011	The Kalrn gene encodes several functionally distinct isoforms; these multidomain guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) contain additional domains known to interact with phosphatidylinositides as well as with a number of different proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	kalirin, RhoGEF kinase	Mus musculus	4-9
21198641-0	2011	SynArfGEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf6 and localizes preferentially at post-synaptic specializations of inhibitory synapses.	Guanine Nucleotides	15-33	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	54-58
21166484-1	2011	Cingulin (CGN) and paracingulin (CGNL1) are structurally related proteins that regulate Rho family GTPases by recruiting guanine nucleotide exchange factors to epithelial junctions.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	cingulin	Canis lupus familiaris	0-8
21295482-3	2011	RESULTS: Using a candidate screen approach for Rho GTPase activators (guanine nucleotide exchange factors; GEFs) and Rho GTPase inactivators (GTPase-activating proteins; GAPs), we find that Abr, a protein with both GEF and GAP activity, regulates Rho and Cdc42 during single-cell wound repair.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
21295482-3	2011	RESULTS: Using a candidate screen approach for Rho GTPase activators (guanine nucleotide exchange factors; GEFs) and Rho GTPase inactivators (GTPase-activating proteins; GAPs), we find that Abr, a protein with both GEF and GAP activity, regulates Rho and Cdc42 during single-cell wound repair.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	255-260
21235522-5	2011	A recent publication in this issue of the Biochemical Journal offers a solution to the "final problem", demonstrating under native conditions that Frizzleds expressed in mammalian brain preparations act functionally to catalyse guanine-nucleotide exchange in response to stimulation with Wnt3a.	Guanine Nucleotides	228-246	Wnt family member 3A	Homo sapiens	288-293
21373644-0	2011	The nuclear guanine nucleotide exchange factors Ect2 and Net1 regulate RhoB-mediated cell death after DNA damage.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	48-52
21373644-0	2011	The nuclear guanine nucleotide exchange factors Ect2 and Net1 regulate RhoB-mediated cell death after DNA damage.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	neuroepithelial cell transforming 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
21373644-0	2011	The nuclear guanine nucleotide exchange factors Ect2 and Net1 regulate RhoB-mediated cell death after DNA damage.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-30	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	71-75
21373644-8	2011	The increase in RhoB activity after genotoxic stress is associated with increased activity of the nuclear guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), Ect2 and Net1, but not the cytoplasmic GEFs p115 RhoGEF or Vav2.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	16-20
21128903-4	2011	Addition of the Wnt3a ligand to rat brain membranes or cultured cells elicits Fz-dependent guanine-nucleotide exchange on G(o/i) proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	Wnt family member 3A	Rattus norvegicus	16-21
21166484-1	2011	Cingulin (CGN) and paracingulin (CGNL1) are structurally related proteins that regulate Rho family GTPases by recruiting guanine nucleotide exchange factors to epithelial junctions.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	cingulin	Canis lupus familiaris	10-13
21166484-1	2011	Cingulin (CGN) and paracingulin (CGNL1) are structurally related proteins that regulate Rho family GTPases by recruiting guanine nucleotide exchange factors to epithelial junctions.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	cingulin like 1	Canis lupus familiaris	19-31
21166484-1	2011	Cingulin (CGN) and paracingulin (CGNL1) are structurally related proteins that regulate Rho family GTPases by recruiting guanine nucleotide exchange factors to epithelial junctions.	Guanine Nucleotides	121-139	cingulin like 1	Canis lupus familiaris	33-38
21115479-1	2011	Ric-8A and Ric-8B are nonreceptor G protein guanine nucleotide exchange factors that collectively bind the four subfamilies of G protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	0-6
21283588-2	2011	One class of signaling proteins that regulate actin cytoskeletal rearrangement is the evolutionarily conserved CDM (C. elegansCed-5, human DOCK180, DrosophilaMyoblast city, or Mbc) family of proteins, which function as unconventional guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	234-252	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	139-146
20838377-0	2011	Guanine nucleotides regulate sphingosine kinase 1 activation by eukaryotic elongation factor 1A and provide a mechanism for eEF1A-associated oncogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	29-49
20838377-0	2011	Guanine nucleotides regulate sphingosine kinase 1 activation by eukaryotic elongation factor 1A and provide a mechanism for eEF1A-associated oncogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	64-95
20838377-0	2011	Guanine nucleotides regulate sphingosine kinase 1 activation by eukaryotic elongation factor 1A and provide a mechanism for eEF1A-associated oncogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-19	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	124-129
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	107-112
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	107-112
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
20838377-7	2011	Furthermore, we show that enhancing cellular eEF1A.GDP levels through expression of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of eEF1A, translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP), increased SK1 activity in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
20838377-7	2011	Furthermore, we show that enhancing cellular eEF1A.GDP levels through expression of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of eEF1A, translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP), increased SK1 activity in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	131-136
20838377-7	2011	Furthermore, we show that enhancing cellular eEF1A.GDP levels through expression of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of eEF1A, translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP), increased SK1 activity in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
20838377-7	2011	Furthermore, we show that enhancing cellular eEF1A.GDP levels through expression of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of eEF1A, translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP), increased SK1 activity in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	198-201
21115479-1	2011	Ric-8A and Ric-8B are nonreceptor G protein guanine nucleotide exchange factors that collectively bind the four subfamilies of G protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor B	Homo sapiens	11-17
21209221-6	2011	Increased CaMKII autophosphorylation and activity were associated with increased phosphorylation of the Rac1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1) and kalirin-7, known substrates of CaMKII.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, beta	Mus musculus	10-16
20965153-4	2011	CHS-111 reduced the cellular levels of GTP-bound RhoA, membrane recruitment of Rho-associated protein kinase 1 and the downstream myosin light chain 2 phosphorylation, and attenuated the interaction between phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K) and Arf6, whereas it only slightly inhibited the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of human Dbs (DH/PH) protein and did not affect the arfaptin binding to Arf6.	Guanine Nucleotides	306-324	phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase type 2 gamma	Homo sapiens	207-248
21209221-6	2011	Increased CaMKII autophosphorylation and activity were associated with increased phosphorylation of the Rac1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1) and kalirin-7, known substrates of CaMKII.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	104-108
21209221-6	2011	Increased CaMKII autophosphorylation and activity were associated with increased phosphorylation of the Rac1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1) and kalirin-7, known substrates of CaMKII.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	152-193
21209221-6	2011	Increased CaMKII autophosphorylation and activity were associated with increased phosphorylation of the Rac1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1) and kalirin-7, known substrates of CaMKII.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	195-200
21209221-6	2011	Increased CaMKII autophosphorylation and activity were associated with increased phosphorylation of the Rac1-guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1) and kalirin-7, known substrates of CaMKII.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, beta	Mus musculus	237-243
21151158-11	2011	The guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Vav1 was required for enhancing Bcl-2 promoter activity, and the Vav1 downstream substrate, small GTPase Rac2, was likely involved in the control of Bcl-2 expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
21151158-11	2011	The guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Vav1 was required for enhancing Bcl-2 promoter activity, and the Vav1 downstream substrate, small GTPase Rac2, was likely involved in the control of Bcl-2 expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	76-81
20118221-2	2011	Although the activity of IDO is required for the immunosuppression of allergic airway disease by the Toll-Like-Receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist, oligonucleotides comprised of cytosine and guanine nucleotides linked by phosphodiester bonds (CpG) DNA, it is unclear whether IDO expression by resident lung epithelial cells is sufficient to elicit these effects.	Guanine Nucleotides	181-200	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Mus musculus	25-28
21858031-6	2011	Also phosphorylation activity of LRRK2 is unchanged when the LRRK2 guanine nucleotide binding pocket is previously saturated with various nucleotides, in contrast to the greatly reduced activity measured for the guanine nucleotide binding site mutant T1348N.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
21863212-10	2011	Among these potential modifier genes, guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 for small GTPases of the Ras family (RAPGEF1) and transcription factor Spi-B (SPIB) were validated in an acutely CLN3-depleted cell model.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	112-119
21863212-10	2011	Among these potential modifier genes, guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 for small GTPases of the Ras family (RAPGEF1) and transcription factor Spi-B (SPIB) were validated in an acutely CLN3-depleted cell model.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	CLN3 lysosomal/endosomal transmembrane protein, battenin	Homo sapiens	188-192
21853086-1	2011	Heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits are activated upon exchange of GDP for GTP at the nucleotide binding site of Galpha, catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	117-123
20980241-0	2011	Guanine nucleotide pool imbalance impairs multiple steps of protein synthesis and disrupts GCN4 translational control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor GCN4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	91-95
20980241-8	2011	These and other findings suggest that a defect in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis evokes a reduction in the rate of general protein synthesis by impairing multiple steps of the process, disrupts the gene-specific reinitiation mechanism for translation of GCN4 mRNA and has far-reaching effects in cell biology and metabolism.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor GCN4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	255-259
21607862-1	2011	On activation, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) exert many of their cellular actions through -promoting guanine nucleotide exchange on Galpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins to release Galpha-GTP and free betagamma-subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	138-144
21607862-1	2011	On activation, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) exert many of their cellular actions through -promoting guanine nucleotide exchange on Galpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins to release Galpha-GTP and free betagamma-subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	194-200
21858031-6	2011	Also phosphorylation activity of LRRK2 is unchanged when the LRRK2 guanine nucleotide binding pocket is previously saturated with various nucleotides, in contrast to the greatly reduced activity measured for the guanine nucleotide binding site mutant T1348N.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	61-66
21858031-6	2011	Also phosphorylation activity of LRRK2 is unchanged when the LRRK2 guanine nucleotide binding pocket is previously saturated with various nucleotides, in contrast to the greatly reduced activity measured for the guanine nucleotide binding site mutant T1348N.	Guanine Nucleotides	212-230	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
21858031-7	2011	Interestingly, when nucleotides were incubated with cell lysates prior to purification of LRRK2, kinase activity was slightly enhanced by GTPgammaS or GMPPCP compared to GDP, pointing to an upstream guanine nucleotide binding protein that may activate LRRK2 in a GTP-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	199-217	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	90-95
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	germinal center associated signaling and motility	Homo sapiens	0-4
21064165-0	2011	Modulation of a GEF switch: autoinhibition of the intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity of p115-RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	16-19
21064165-0	2011	Modulation of a GEF switch: autoinhibition of the intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity of p115-RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	100-111
21064165-1	2011	p115-RhoGEF (p115) belongs to the family of RGS-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases (RGS-RhoGEFs) that are activated by G12 class heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
21064165-1	2011	p115-RhoGEF (p115) belongs to the family of RGS-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases (RGS-RhoGEFs) that are activated by G12 class heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
21064165-1	2011	p115-RhoGEF (p115) belongs to the family of RGS-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases (RGS-RhoGEFs) that are activated by G12 class heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
21064165-1	2011	p115-RhoGEF (p115) belongs to the family of RGS-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases (RGS-RhoGEFs) that are activated by G12 class heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	112-115
21064165-3	2011	We have identified that the linker region connecting the N-terminal RGS-homology (RH) domain and the DH domain inhibits the intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity of p115, and determined the crystal structures of the DH/PH domains in the presence or absence of the inhibitory linker region.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	68-71
21064165-3	2011	We have identified that the linker region connecting the N-terminal RGS-homology (RH) domain and the DH domain inhibits the intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity of p115, and determined the crystal structures of the DH/PH domains in the presence or absence of the inhibitory linker region.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	163-166
21064165-3	2011	We have identified that the linker region connecting the N-terminal RGS-homology (RH) domain and the DH domain inhibits the intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity of p115, and determined the crystal structures of the DH/PH domains in the presence or absence of the inhibitory linker region.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	28-32
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	135-139
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	195-205
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	210-214
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	135-139
20729917-4	2010	A number of candidate Crk SH3-binding proteins have been identified, including the nonreceptor tyrosine kinases c-Abl and Arg, and the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins C3G, SOS1 and DOCK180.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	22-25
20729917-4	2010	A number of candidate Crk SH3-binding proteins have been identified, including the nonreceptor tyrosine kinases c-Abl and Arg, and the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins C3G, SOS1 and DOCK180.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	172-175
20729917-4	2010	A number of candidate Crk SH3-binding proteins have been identified, including the nonreceptor tyrosine kinases c-Abl and Arg, and the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins C3G, SOS1 and DOCK180.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Mus musculus	186-193
20964430-1	2010	Electrostatic fields at the interface of the Ras binding domain of the protein Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) with the structurally analogous GTPases Ras and Rap1A were measured with vibrational Stark effect (VSE) spectroscopy.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	79-82
20658144-2	2010	Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1) regulates guanine nucleotide turnover on Ran, as well as its interactions with effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-21
20658144-2	2010	Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1) regulates guanine nucleotide turnover on Ran, as well as its interactions with effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	23-29
20658144-2	2010	Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1) regulates guanine nucleotide turnover on Ran, as well as its interactions with effectors.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
20854417-2	2010	Brefeldin A (BFA) is relatively non-selective inhibiting at least three targets in human cells, Golgi brefeldin A resistance factor 1 (GBF1), brefeldin A inhibited guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (BIG1) and brefeldin A inhibited guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (BIG2).	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	135-139
20854417-2	2010	Brefeldin A (BFA) is relatively non-selective inhibiting at least three targets in human cells, Golgi brefeldin A resistance factor 1 (GBF1), brefeldin A inhibited guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (BIG1) and brefeldin A inhibited guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (BIG2).	Guanine Nucleotides	234-252	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	135-139
20964430-1	2010	Electrostatic fields at the interface of the Ras binding domain of the protein Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) with the structurally analogous GTPases Ras and Rap1A were measured with vibrational Stark effect (VSE) spectroscopy.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	127-133
20842712-1	2010	Intersectin 1L (ITSN1L) acts as a specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small guanine nucleotide binding protein Cdc42 via its C-terminal DH domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
20833725-0	2010	GDP-bound and nucleotide-free intermediates of the guanine nucleotide exchange in the Rab5 Vps9 system.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	91-95
20974968-4	2010	UVRAG activates PI3KC3 and C-VPS/HOPS, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab7.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	UV radiation resistance associated	Homo sapiens	0-5
20974968-4	2010	UVRAG activates PI3KC3 and C-VPS/HOPS, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab7.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	122-126
21526108-3	2010	Thrombin adjusts the EC cycle through activation of G proteins (G12/13), and later through Rho GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors), and provides a path for Rho GTPases mediated cytoskeletal responses involved in shape change and permeability of the EC membrane leading to an increase of leakage of plasma proteins.At the same time, thrombin stimulates spontaneous mitogenesis by inducing activation of the cell cycle from G0-G1 to S by down-regulation of p27Kip1, a negative regulator of the cell cycle, in association with the up-regulation of S-phase kinase associated protein 2 (Skp2).	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	0-8
21059949-3	2010	Nucleotide-free and GDP-bound GIMAP2 were monomeric and revealed a guanine nucleotide-binding domain of the TRAFAC (translation factor associated) class with a unique amphipathic helix alpha7 packing against switch II.	Guanine Nucleotides	67-85	GTPase, IMAP family member 2	Homo sapiens	30-36
20829437-2	2010	RabGEF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5 GTPase, is a negative regulator of IgE-dependent mast cell activation, and Rabgef1-/- and TSLP transgenic mice share many similar phenotypic characteristics, including elevated serum IgE levels and severe skin inflammation, with infiltrates of both lymphocytes and eosinophils.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	0-7
20842712-1	2010	Intersectin 1L (ITSN1L) acts as a specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small guanine nucleotide binding protein Cdc42 via its C-terminal DH domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	133-138
20876100-8	2010	Moreover, FER was pulled down by ROP2 GTPase in a guanine nucleotide-regulated manner implying a dynamic signaling complex involving FER, a ROPGEF, and a RAC/ROP.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	RHO-related protein from plants 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-37
20634378-3	2010	Here, we show that a signaling pathway mediated by the DC immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing adaptors (DAP12 and FcRgamma) and Vav family guanine nucleotide exchange factors controls the half-life of surface peptide-MHCII (pMHCII) complexes and is critical for CD4 T-cell triggering in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein	Mus musculus	133-138
20634378-3	2010	Here, we show that a signaling pathway mediated by the DC immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing adaptors (DAP12 and FcRgamma) and Vav family guanine nucleotide exchange factors controls the half-life of surface peptide-MHCII (pMHCII) complexes and is critical for CD4 T-cell triggering in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	168-186	Fc receptor, IgE, high affinity I, gamma polypeptide	Mus musculus	143-151
21048939-3	2010	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we show that the rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF7 and the small GTPase CDC42 are interacting with LRRK2 in vitro and in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	94-101
21048939-3	2010	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we show that the rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF7 and the small GTPase CDC42 are interacting with LRRK2 in vitro and in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	150-155
20604901-3	2010	Here, we show that SNX1 and SNX2 interact with the Rac1 and RhoG guanine nucleotide exchange factor Kalirin-7.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	sorting nexin 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
20679342-0	2010	Nucleobindin 1 is a calcium-regulated guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of G{alpha}i1.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	nucleobindin 1	Homo sapiens	0-14
20679342-9	2010	Thus, we conclude that sNUCB1 is a calcium-dependent guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galpha(i1).	Guanine Nucleotides	53-71	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	105-114
20958313-4	2010	The ELMO1/Dock180 proteins form an evolutionarily conserved signaling module that functions as a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	engulfment and cell motility 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
20958313-4	2010	The ELMO1/Dock180 proteins form an evolutionarily conserved signaling module that functions as a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	10-17
20958313-4	2010	The ELMO1/Dock180 proteins form an evolutionarily conserved signaling module that functions as a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rac.	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	163-166
20601426-5	2010	We had earlier reported a 100-kDa ARF-GEF, termed ARF-guanine nucleotide exchange protein 100, GEP100, that preferentially activates ARF6 and was also described by Dunphy et al.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	IQ motif and Sec7 domain ArfGEF 1	Homo sapiens	95-101
20601426-5	2010	We had earlier reported a 100-kDa ARF-GEF, termed ARF-guanine nucleotide exchange protein 100, GEP100, that preferentially activates ARF6 and was also described by Dunphy et al.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	133-137
20878268-5	2010	The addition of a geranylgeranyl group to the carboxy (C-) terminus targets Rho GTPases to the plasma membrane and promotes their activation by facilitating interaction with guanine nucleotide exchange factors and allowing sequestering by association with guanine dissociation inhibitors.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-192	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	76-87
20696765-3	2010	A search for the underlying mechanism revealed direct interaction of plexin-B3 with RhoGDP dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDIalpha), a negative regulator of RhoGTPases that blocks guanine nucleotide exchange and sequesters them away from the plasma membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	182-200	plexin B3	Homo sapiens	69-78
20696765-3	2010	A search for the underlying mechanism revealed direct interaction of plexin-B3 with RhoGDP dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDIalpha), a negative regulator of RhoGTPases that blocks guanine nucleotide exchange and sequesters them away from the plasma membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	182-200	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	84-119
20604901-3	2010	Here, we show that SNX1 and SNX2 interact with the Rac1 and RhoG guanine nucleotide exchange factor Kalirin-7.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	sorting nexin 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
20604901-3	2010	Here, we show that SNX1 and SNX2 interact with the Rac1 and RhoG guanine nucleotide exchange factor Kalirin-7.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	60-64
20604901-3	2010	Here, we show that SNX1 and SNX2 interact with the Rac1 and RhoG guanine nucleotide exchange factor Kalirin-7.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	kalirin RhoGEF kinase	Homo sapiens	100-107
20516067-2	2010	We established and analyzed mice with neural-specific knock-out of Trio, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor with multiple guanine nucleotide exchange factor domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting)	Mus musculus	67-71
20525880-3	2010	Interestingly, EGFR phosphorylation, most notably at the tyrosine 1068 residue, is dramatically upregulated, and EGFR association with the Sos1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor is concomitantly increased upon DHA supplementation.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	113-117
20525880-3	2010	Interestingly, EGFR phosphorylation, most notably at the tyrosine 1068 residue, is dramatically upregulated, and EGFR association with the Sos1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor is concomitantly increased upon DHA supplementation.	Guanine Nucleotides	144-162	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
20713598-0	2010	Myosin II directly binds and inhibits Dbl family guanine nucleotide exchange factors: a possible link to Rho family GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	38-41
20713598-4	2010	Here, we show that MII interacts specifically with multiple Dbl family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	60-63
20808934-2	2010	Inosine 5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase type II (IMPDH2) encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis and has been linked to cell growth, differentiation, and malignant transformation.	Guanine Nucleotides	104-122	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	48-54
20516067-2	2010	We established and analyzed mice with neural-specific knock-out of Trio, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor with multiple guanine nucleotide exchange factor domains.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting)	Mus musculus	67-71
20430865-5	2010	Thus, brain preparations from spinophilin-null mice demonstrate enhanced guanine nucleotide regulation of UK14,304 binding and evidence of a larger fraction of alpha(2A)AR in the guanine-nucleotide-sensitive higher affinity state compared with those from wild-type mice.	Guanine Nucleotides	73-91	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 9B	Mus musculus	30-41
20430865-5	2010	Thus, brain preparations from spinophilin-null mice demonstrate enhanced guanine nucleotide regulation of UK14,304 binding and evidence of a larger fraction of alpha(2A)AR in the guanine-nucleotide-sensitive higher affinity state compared with those from wild-type mice.	Guanine Nucleotides	179-197	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 9B	Mus musculus	30-41
20529869-6	2010	All four mutants display higher than wild-type GTPase activities, and more importantly, the mutants form high order oligomers that are significantly more resistant than wild-type dynamin 2 to disassembly by guanine nucleotides or high ionic strength.	Guanine Nucleotides	207-226	dynamin 2	Homo sapiens	179-188
20634316-2	2010	Here, we report that the major binding partners of the Connector Enhancer of KSR 1 (CNK1) scaffold are members of the cytohesin family of Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and that the CNK1/cytohesin interaction is critical for activation of the PI3K/AKT cascade downstream from insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1	Homo sapiens	55-82
20634316-2	2010	Here, we report that the major binding partners of the Connector Enhancer of KSR 1 (CNK1) scaffold are members of the cytohesin family of Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and that the CNK1/cytohesin interaction is critical for activation of the PI3K/AKT cascade downstream from insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
20634316-2	2010	Here, we report that the major binding partners of the Connector Enhancer of KSR 1 (CNK1) scaffold are members of the cytohesin family of Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and that the CNK1/cytohesin interaction is critical for activation of the PI3K/AKT cascade downstream from insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
20634316-2	2010	Here, we report that the major binding partners of the Connector Enhancer of KSR 1 (CNK1) scaffold are members of the cytohesin family of Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and that the CNK1/cytohesin interaction is critical for activation of the PI3K/AKT cascade downstream from insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	258-261
20634316-2	2010	Here, we report that the major binding partners of the Connector Enhancer of KSR 1 (CNK1) scaffold are members of the cytohesin family of Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and that the CNK1/cytohesin interaction is critical for activation of the PI3K/AKT cascade downstream from insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	insulin	Homo sapiens	286-293
20634316-2	2010	Here, we report that the major binding partners of the Connector Enhancer of KSR 1 (CNK1) scaffold are members of the cytohesin family of Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and that the CNK1/cytohesin interaction is critical for activation of the PI3K/AKT cascade downstream from insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	298-326
20634316-2	2010	Here, we report that the major binding partners of the Connector Enhancer of KSR 1 (CNK1) scaffold are members of the cytohesin family of Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and that the CNK1/cytohesin interaction is critical for activation of the PI3K/AKT cascade downstream from insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors.	Guanine Nucleotides	142-160	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	328-333
20644716-7	2010	Themis2 was inducibly tyrosine phosphorylated upon LPS challenge and interacted with Lyn kinase (P25911), the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Vav (P27870), and the adaptor protein Grb2 (Q60631).	Guanine Nucleotides	114-132	thymocyte selection associated family member 2	Homo sapiens	0-7
20576033-3	2010	Rap GTPases can be activated by a wide variety of external stimuli, and this is mediated by specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RapGEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
20444979-9	2010	In yeast, eIF2B occupies a large cytoplasmic body where guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF2 can occur and be regulated.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	10-15
20301196-8	2010	Moreover, the VE-PTP-induced changes in cell morphology were suppressed by expression of dominant negative forms of FRG or Vav2, both of which are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho family proteins and are activated by tyrosine phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	147-165	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type B	Homo sapiens	14-20
20301196-8	2010	Moreover, the VE-PTP-induced changes in cell morphology were suppressed by expression of dominant negative forms of FRG or Vav2, both of which are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho family proteins and are activated by tyrosine phosphorylation.	Guanine Nucleotides	147-165	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	123-127
20444979-9	2010	In yeast, eIF2B occupies a large cytoplasmic body where guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF2 can occur and be regulated.	Guanine Nucleotides	56-74	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	10-14
20553326-9	2010	Although no direct interaction between AATYK1A and Rab11A could be detected, the exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to Rab11A was significantly reduced in the presence of the phosphorylation-mimic AATYK1A-S34D.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-112	ras-related protein Rab-11A	Cricetulus griseus	122-128
20404072-1	2010	Heterotrimeric G proteins, consisting of the guanine nucleotide-binding Galpha subunits with GTPase activity and the closely associated Gbeta and Ggamma subunits, are important signaling components for receptors with seven transmembrane domains (7TMRs).	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	72-78
20496116-2	2010	In this study, we show that EphA8 undergoes clathrin-mediated endocytosis upon treatment with ephrin-A5, and that EphA8 is associated tightly with Tiam-1, a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	EPH receptor A8	Homo sapiens	114-119
20357002-0	2010	Arf3 is activated uniquely at the trans-Golgi network by brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
20357002-3	2010	Unlike other Golgi-localized Arfs, Arf3 associates selectively with membranes of the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in a manner that is both temperature-sensitive and uniquely dependent on guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the BIGs family.	Guanine Nucleotides	184-202	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	35-39
20568994-2	2010	Zizimin2 was revealed that it is a new family member of Dock (dedicator of cytokinesis), Dock11, which was the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42, the Rho family of low molecular weight GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	dedicator of cytokinesis 11	Mus musculus	0-8
20568994-2	2010	Zizimin2 was revealed that it is a new family member of Dock (dedicator of cytokinesis), Dock11, which was the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42, the Rho family of low molecular weight GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	dedicator of cytokinesis 11	Mus musculus	89-95
20568994-2	2010	Zizimin2 was revealed that it is a new family member of Dock (dedicator of cytokinesis), Dock11, which was the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42, the Rho family of low molecular weight GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	150-155
20496116-2	2010	In this study, we show that EphA8 undergoes clathrin-mediated endocytosis upon treatment with ephrin-A5, and that EphA8 is associated tightly with Tiam-1, a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	170-188	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	147-153
20214751-4	2010	Here, we have characterized the effect of C-terminal tagging of Arf1 on (i) function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, (ii) in vitro nucleotide exchange and (iii) interaction with guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	175-193	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	64-68
20444104-2	2010	In the human opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans, Rac1 and its activator Dck1, a member of the CED5, Dock180, myoblast city family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, are required for the budding to filamentous transition during invasive growth.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
20484116-4	2010	Here, we demonstrate that the ligation of TREM2 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2, and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav3; induced the mobilization of intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) and the reorganization of actin; and prevented apoptosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2	Homo sapiens	42-47
20484116-4	2010	Here, we demonstrate that the ligation of TREM2 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2, and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav3; induced the mobilization of intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) and the reorganization of actin; and prevented apoptosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	58-87
20484116-4	2010	Here, we demonstrate that the ligation of TREM2 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2, and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav3; induced the mobilization of intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) and the reorganization of actin; and prevented apoptosis.	Guanine Nucleotides	161-179	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	196-200
20228056-3	2010	Cav1 has been reported to function as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which inhibits Cdc42 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
20498707-0	2010	Searching for signaling balance through the identification of genetic interactors of the Rab guanine-nucleotide dissociation inhibitor gdi-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	135-140
20223830-2	2010	ARF6 is activated by a large number of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which likely regulate ARF6 at different locations and during different processes.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
20223830-2	2010	ARF6 is activated by a large number of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which likely regulate ARF6 at different locations and during different processes.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	98-102
20223830-3	2010	In this study we investigate the roles of the cytohesin ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF)-guanine nucleotide exchange factors during the recycling of integrin beta1.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	146-160
20348106-2	2010	Here we show that the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG bind to the C terminus of ABCA1 by a PDZ-PDZ interaction and prevent ABCA1 protein degradation by activating RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	62-72
20348106-2	2010	Here we show that the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG bind to the C terminus of ABCA1 by a PDZ-PDZ interaction and prevent ABCA1 protein degradation by activating RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	77-81
20348106-2	2010	Here we show that the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG bind to the C terminus of ABCA1 by a PDZ-PDZ interaction and prevent ABCA1 protein degradation by activating RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	108-113
20348106-2	2010	Here we show that the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG bind to the C terminus of ABCA1 by a PDZ-PDZ interaction and prevent ABCA1 protein degradation by activating RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	151-156
20348106-2	2010	Here we show that the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG bind to the C terminus of ABCA1 by a PDZ-PDZ interaction and prevent ABCA1 protein degradation by activating RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	191-195
20228056-3	2010	Cav1 has been reported to function as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which inhibits Cdc42 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	104-109
20157114-5	2010	Mutation of Trp-258 to the corresponding Phe in G alpha(o) decreased GIV binding in vitro and in cultured cells but did not perturb interaction with other G alpha-binding partners, i.e. G betagamma, AGS3 (a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor), GAIP/RGS19 (a GTPase-activating protein), and LPAR1 (a G protein-coupled receptor).	Guanine Nucleotides	207-225	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	48-58
20400958-1	2010	At steady state, most Rho GTPases are bound in the cytosol to Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	110-117
20375281-4	2010	The TRAPP complexes are multimeric guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate the Rab GTPase Ypt1, which is required for secretion.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	107-111
20308558-5	2010	Rab11, in its GTP-bound form, interacts with Rabin8 and kinetically stimulates the guanine nucleotide-exchange activity of Rabin8 toward Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-5
20139090-4	2010	Here we show that AKAP13 (also known as Brx-1, AKAP-Lbc, and proto-Lbc), a unique protein kinase A-anchoring protein (AKAP) guanine nucleotide exchange region belonging to the Dbl family of oncogenes, is essential for cardiac development.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 13	Mus musculus	18-24
20139090-4	2010	Here we show that AKAP13 (also known as Brx-1, AKAP-Lbc, and proto-Lbc), a unique protein kinase A-anchoring protein (AKAP) guanine nucleotide exchange region belonging to the Dbl family of oncogenes, is essential for cardiac development.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2	Mus musculus	40-45
20139090-4	2010	Here we show that AKAP13 (also known as Brx-1, AKAP-Lbc, and proto-Lbc), a unique protein kinase A-anchoring protein (AKAP) guanine nucleotide exchange region belonging to the Dbl family of oncogenes, is essential for cardiac development.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 13	Mus musculus	47-55
20139090-4	2010	Here we show that AKAP13 (also known as Brx-1, AKAP-Lbc, and proto-Lbc), a unique protein kinase A-anchoring protein (AKAP) guanine nucleotide exchange region belonging to the Dbl family of oncogenes, is essential for cardiac development.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 13	Mus musculus	61-70
20139090-4	2010	Here we show that AKAP13 (also known as Brx-1, AKAP-Lbc, and proto-Lbc), a unique protein kinase A-anchoring protein (AKAP) guanine nucleotide exchange region belonging to the Dbl family of oncogenes, is essential for cardiac development.	Guanine Nucleotides	124-142	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 1	Mus musculus	18-22
20140013-1	2010	Vav proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases that regulate cell adhesion, motility, spreading and proliferation in response to growth factor signalling.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
20140013-3	2010	This effect of Vav2 on EGFR degradation is dependent on its guanine nucleotide exchange function.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	15-19
20140013-3	2010	This effect of Vav2 on EGFR degradation is dependent on its guanine nucleotide exchange function.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	23-27
20348415-7	2010	Underlying these phenotypes is a high rate of primary cytokinesis failure, associated with aberrant actomyosin ring formation, reduced RhoA activation, and failure to localize the RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ect2 to the spindle midbody.	Guanine Nucleotides	185-203	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	220-224
20308558-5	2010	Rab11, in its GTP-bound form, interacts with Rabin8 and kinetically stimulates the guanine nucleotide-exchange activity of Rabin8 toward Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	45-51
20308558-5	2010	Rab11, in its GTP-bound form, interacts with Rabin8 and kinetically stimulates the guanine nucleotide-exchange activity of Rabin8 toward Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	123-129
20308558-5	2010	Rab11, in its GTP-bound form, interacts with Rabin8 and kinetically stimulates the guanine nucleotide-exchange activity of Rabin8 toward Rab8.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	137-141
20093398-3	2010	Here we show that treatment with brefeldin A, an inhibitor of guanine nucleotide exchange on ARFs, markedly attenuated the cell surface numbers of alpha(2B)-adrenergic receptor (AR), beta(2)-AR, angiotensin II type 1 receptor, and chemokine (CXC motif) receptor 4.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	adrenoceptor alpha 2B	Homo sapiens	147-176
20154091-0	2010	The connecdenn family, Rab35 guanine nucleotide exchange factors interfacing with the clathrin machinery.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-28
20067447-9	2010	The characteristic morphology of focal adhesions in HSC-3 BRAK cells was perturbed by the introduction of an expression vector of the Rap-binding domain of the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, a target of Rap1, into HSC-3 BRAK cells, suggesting that Rap1 regulated the formation of the morphology of the focal adhesions.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 14	Mus musculus	58-62
20067447-9	2010	The characteristic morphology of focal adhesions in HSC-3 BRAK cells was perturbed by the introduction of an expression vector of the Rap-binding domain of the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, a target of Rap1, into HSC-3 BRAK cells, suggesting that Rap1 regulated the formation of the morphology of the focal adhesions.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	160-163
20067447-9	2010	The characteristic morphology of focal adhesions in HSC-3 BRAK cells was perturbed by the introduction of an expression vector of the Rap-binding domain of the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, a target of Rap1, into HSC-3 BRAK cells, suggesting that Rap1 regulated the formation of the morphology of the focal adhesions.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	220-224
20067447-9	2010	The characteristic morphology of focal adhesions in HSC-3 BRAK cells was perturbed by the introduction of an expression vector of the Rap-binding domain of the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, a target of Rap1, into HSC-3 BRAK cells, suggesting that Rap1 regulated the formation of the morphology of the focal adhesions.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 14	Mus musculus	237-241
20067447-9	2010	The characteristic morphology of focal adhesions in HSC-3 BRAK cells was perturbed by the introduction of an expression vector of the Rap-binding domain of the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, a target of Rap1, into HSC-3 BRAK cells, suggesting that Rap1 regulated the formation of the morphology of the focal adhesions.	Guanine Nucleotides	164-182	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	265-269
20093398-3	2010	Here we show that treatment with brefeldin A, an inhibitor of guanine nucleotide exchange on ARFs, markedly attenuated the cell surface numbers of alpha(2B)-adrenergic receptor (AR), beta(2)-AR, angiotensin II type 1 receptor, and chemokine (CXC motif) receptor 4.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	adrenoceptor alpha 2B	Homo sapiens	93-95
19995334-2	2010	The activity of Rho GTPases, such as Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA, is regulated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	37-41
19995334-2	2010	The activity of Rho GTPases, such as Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA, is regulated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	43-48
19995334-2	2010	The activity of Rho GTPases, such as Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA, is regulated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	54-58
19995334-2	2010	The activity of Rho GTPases, such as Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA, is regulated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	37-41
19995334-2	2010	The activity of Rho GTPases, such as Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA, is regulated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	43-48
19995334-2	2010	The activity of Rho GTPases, such as Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA, is regulated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanine Nucleotides	159-177	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	54-58
20018810-0	2010	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, mediates angiogenic responses to stromal cell-derived factor-1/chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL-12) linked to Rac activation, endothelial cell migration, and in vitro angiogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-65
20339559-1	2010	BACKGROUND: ALS2/alsin is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rab5 and involved in macropinocytosis-associated endosome fusion and trafficking, and neurite outgrowth.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Mus musculus	12-16
20339559-1	2010	BACKGROUND: ALS2/alsin is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rab5 and involved in macropinocytosis-associated endosome fusion and trafficking, and neurite outgrowth.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Mus musculus	17-22
20051517-7	2010	Interestingly, RAGs are unable to induce breaks when adenine or guanine nucleotides are present at single-strand regions.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-83	ephrin A5	Homo sapiens	15-19
20209136-7	2010	Moreover, we show that C3G stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Drosophila Rap GTPases in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	38-56	C3G guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Drosophila melanogaster	23-26
20009023-1	2010	Potential insulin secretagogue properties of an acetoxymethyl ester of a cAMP analog (8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP-AM) that activates the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Epac1 and Epac2 were assessed using isolated human islets of Langerhans.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	insulin	Homo sapiens	10-17
20009023-1	2010	Potential insulin secretagogue properties of an acetoxymethyl ester of a cAMP analog (8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP-AM) that activates the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Epac1 and Epac2 were assessed using isolated human islets of Langerhans.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	165-170
20009023-1	2010	Potential insulin secretagogue properties of an acetoxymethyl ester of a cAMP analog (8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP-AM) that activates the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Epac1 and Epac2 were assessed using isolated human islets of Langerhans.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	175-180
20018810-0	2010	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, mediates angiogenic responses to stromal cell-derived factor-1/chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL-12) linked to Rac activation, endothelial cell migration, and in vitro angiogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	67-74
20018810-0	2010	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, mediates angiogenic responses to stromal cell-derived factor-1/chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL-12) linked to Rac activation, endothelial cell migration, and in vitro angiogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
20018810-0	2010	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, mediates angiogenic responses to stromal cell-derived factor-1/chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL-12) linked to Rac activation, endothelial cell migration, and in vitro angiogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Homo sapiens	156-185
20018810-0	2010	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, mediates angiogenic responses to stromal cell-derived factor-1/chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL-12) linked to Rac activation, endothelial cell migration, and in vitro angiogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Homo sapiens	227-232
20018810-0	2010	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, mediates angiogenic responses to stromal cell-derived factor-1/chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL-12) linked to Rac activation, endothelial cell migration, and in vitro angiogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Homo sapiens	233-240
20018810-0	2010	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, mediates angiogenic responses to stromal cell-derived factor-1/chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL-12) linked to Rac activation, endothelial cell migration, and in vitro angiogenesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	79-97	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	118-121
20018810-4	2010	We demonstrated previously that mammalian target of rapamycin, an important effector and regulator of PI3K/AKT, activates phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), a Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor identified as a target of G betagamma and PI3K, via direct interactions.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	32-61
20018810-4	2010	We demonstrated previously that mammalian target of rapamycin, an important effector and regulator of PI3K/AKT, activates phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), a Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor identified as a target of G betagamma and PI3K, via direct interactions.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
20018810-4	2010	We demonstrated previously that mammalian target of rapamycin, an important effector and regulator of PI3K/AKT, activates phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), a Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor identified as a target of G betagamma and PI3K, via direct interactions.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	122-187
20018810-4	2010	We demonstrated previously that mammalian target of rapamycin, an important effector and regulator of PI3K/AKT, activates phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), a Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor identified as a target of G betagamma and PI3K, via direct interactions.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	189-195
20018810-4	2010	We demonstrated previously that mammalian target of rapamycin, an important effector and regulator of PI3K/AKT, activates phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1), a Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor identified as a target of G betagamma and PI3K, via direct interactions.	Guanine Nucleotides	204-222	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	172-175
20025911-1	2010	RalGPS2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RalA GTPase characterized by a C-terminal Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; this GEF is endogenously expressed in PC12 cells and in rat brain but its role in PC12 cells and in cell differentiation is actually unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	Ral GEF with PH domain and SH3 binding motif 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
20025911-1	2010	RalGPS2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RalA GTPase characterized by a C-terminal Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; this GEF is endogenously expressed in PC12 cells and in rat brain but its role in PC12 cells and in cell differentiation is actually unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Rattus norvegicus	52-56
20018869-0	2010	Real-time NMR study of guanine nucleotide exchange and activation of RhoA by PDZ-RhoGEF.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	77-87
19801577-3	2010	Here, we have shown that PROK1-PROKR1 induces the expression of IL-11 in PROKR1 Ishikawa cells and first trimester decidua via the calcium-calcineurin signalling pathway in a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G(q/11)), extracellular signal-regulated kinases, Ca(2+) and calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	175-193	prokineticin 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
19801577-3	2010	Here, we have shown that PROK1-PROKR1 induces the expression of IL-11 in PROKR1 Ishikawa cells and first trimester decidua via the calcium-calcineurin signalling pathway in a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G(q/11)), extracellular signal-regulated kinases, Ca(2+) and calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	175-193	prokineticin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	31-37
19801577-3	2010	Here, we have shown that PROK1-PROKR1 induces the expression of IL-11 in PROKR1 Ishikawa cells and first trimester decidua via the calcium-calcineurin signalling pathway in a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G(q/11)), extracellular signal-regulated kinases, Ca(2+) and calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	175-193	interleukin 11	Homo sapiens	64-69
19801577-3	2010	Here, we have shown that PROK1-PROKR1 induces the expression of IL-11 in PROKR1 Ishikawa cells and first trimester decidua via the calcium-calcineurin signalling pathway in a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G(q/11)), extracellular signal-regulated kinases, Ca(2+) and calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	175-193	prokineticin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	73-79
19855995-2	2010	Epac family, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 and function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
19855995-2	2010	Epac family, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 and function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	23-28
19855995-2	2010	Epac family, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 and function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	33-38
19855995-2	2010	Epac family, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 and function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-115
19855995-2	2010	Epac family, including Epac1 and Epac2, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 and function independently of protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	120-124
20018863-7	2010	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor-catalyzed nucleotide exchange for both H-Ras and RhoA was inhibited by mant-substituted nucleotides, and the degree of inhibition depends highly on the GTPase and whether the assay measures association of mantGTP with, or dissociation of mantGDP from the GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	74-79
20018863-7	2010	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor-catalyzed nucleotide exchange for both H-Ras and RhoA was inhibited by mant-substituted nucleotides, and the degree of inhibition depends highly on the GTPase and whether the assay measures association of mantGTP with, or dissociation of mantGDP from the GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	84-88
20140222-3	2010	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we demonstrate that deficiency of Vav2 and Vav3, guanine nucleotides exchange factors for Rho guanosine triphosphatases, leads to an ocular phenotype similar to human glaucoma.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-105	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	71-75
20140222-3	2010	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we demonstrate that deficiency of Vav2 and Vav3, guanine nucleotides exchange factors for Rho guanosine triphosphatases, leads to an ocular phenotype similar to human glaucoma.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-105	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	80-84
20237902-2	2010	Dock180 was well known for the main target of signal adaptor protein Crk and acted as a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
19893486-1	2010	Tiam1 and Tiam2 (Tiam1/2) are guanine nucleotide-exchange factors that possess the PH-CC-Ex (pleckstrin homology, coiled coil and extra) region that mediates binding to plasma membranes and signalling proteins in the activation of Rac GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
19893486-1	2010	Tiam1 and Tiam2 (Tiam1/2) are guanine nucleotide-exchange factors that possess the PH-CC-Ex (pleckstrin homology, coiled coil and extra) region that mediates binding to plasma membranes and signalling proteins in the activation of Rac GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	10-15
19893486-1	2010	Tiam1 and Tiam2 (Tiam1/2) are guanine nucleotide-exchange factors that possess the PH-CC-Ex (pleckstrin homology, coiled coil and extra) region that mediates binding to plasma membranes and signalling proteins in the activation of Rac GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	17-24
19912228-4	2010	The identification of the cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ras-like GTPases, Epac1 (also known as cAMP-GEF-I) and Epac2 (also known as cAMP-GEF-II), profoundly altered the prevailing assumptions concerning cAMP signalling, which until then had been solely associated with protein kinase A (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	99-104
19912228-4	2010	The identification of the cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ras-like GTPases, Epac1 (also known as cAMP-GEF-I) and Epac2 (also known as cAMP-GEF-II), profoundly altered the prevailing assumptions concerning cAMP signalling, which until then had been solely associated with protein kinase A (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	120-130
19912228-4	2010	The identification of the cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ras-like GTPases, Epac1 (also known as cAMP-GEF-I) and Epac2 (also known as cAMP-GEF-II), profoundly altered the prevailing assumptions concerning cAMP signalling, which until then had been solely associated with protein kinase A (PKA).	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	136-141
19890090-1	2010	Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from the islet beta-cell involves a sequence of metabolic events and an interplay between a wide range of signaling pathways leading to the generation of second messengers (e.g., cyclic nucleotides, adenine and guanine nucleotides, soluble lipid messengers) and mobilization of calcium ions.	Guanine Nucleotides	248-267	insulin	Homo sapiens	19-26
19942850-1	2010	GDP-bound prenylated Rabs, sequestered by GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) in the cytosol, are delivered to destined sub-cellular compartment and subsequently activated by GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) catalysing GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	178-196	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-25
20055708-3	2010	Epac1 and Epac2 function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small G protein Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
20055708-3	2010	Epac1 and Epac2 function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small G protein Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	10-15
20055708-3	2010	Epac1 and Epac2 function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small G protein Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
20672983-10	2010	Among the confirmed JH III up-regulated genes were two loci of unknown function (FBgn0040887 and FBgn0037057) and Epac, an exchange protein directly activated by cyclic AMP, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap1 small GTPase.	Guanine Nucleotides	176-194	Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP	Drosophila melanogaster	114-118
20237902-2	2010	Dock180 was well known for the main target of signal adaptor protein Crk and acted as a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	CRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	69-72
20237902-2	2010	Dock180 was well known for the main target of signal adaptor protein Crk and acted as a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPase Rac1.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	140-144
20059952-3	2009	Rdi1, a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), mediates a fast recycling pathway, while actin patch-mediated endocytosis accounts for a slower one.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	Rdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
19933863-6	2009	Regarding the mechanism for this effect, we found that STAP-2 associates with Vav1, the guanine-nucleotide exchanging factor for Rac1, and enhances downstream Vav1/Rac1 signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	signal transducing adaptor family member 2	Homo sapiens	55-61
19933863-6	2009	Regarding the mechanism for this effect, we found that STAP-2 associates with Vav1, the guanine-nucleotide exchanging factor for Rac1, and enhances downstream Vav1/Rac1 signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
19933863-6	2009	Regarding the mechanism for this effect, we found that STAP-2 associates with Vav1, the guanine-nucleotide exchanging factor for Rac1, and enhances downstream Vav1/Rac1 signaling.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
19810816-1	2009	Inosine 5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), which catalyzes a key step in the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotide, is mediated by two highly conserved isoforms, IMPDH1 and IMPDH2.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	172-178
19810816-1	2009	Inosine 5"-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), which catalyzes a key step in the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotide, is mediated by two highly conserved isoforms, IMPDH1 and IMPDH2.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	183-189
19617897-3	2009	Here we show that epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho family GTPases, is coordinately amplified and overexpressed with PKCiota in NSCLC tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	18-57
19703944-2	2009	Hence, we analysed the effects of detergents on guanine nucleotide exchange reactions of Galpha(i1).	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	89-98
19703944-6	2009	These results demonstrate that the guanine nucleotide exchange reactions of Galpha(i1) are drastically modulated by detergents differently depending on the type and the state (monomeric or micellar) of the detergents and that dissociation of GDP from Galpha(i1) does not necessarily lead to immediate binding of GTP to Galpha(i1) in some cases.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	76-85
19703944-6	2009	These results demonstrate that the guanine nucleotide exchange reactions of Galpha(i1) are drastically modulated by detergents differently depending on the type and the state (monomeric or micellar) of the detergents and that dissociation of GDP from Galpha(i1) does not necessarily lead to immediate binding of GTP to Galpha(i1) in some cases.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	251-260
19703944-6	2009	These results demonstrate that the guanine nucleotide exchange reactions of Galpha(i1) are drastically modulated by detergents differently depending on the type and the state (monomeric or micellar) of the detergents and that dissociation of GDP from Galpha(i1) does not necessarily lead to immediate binding of GTP to Galpha(i1) in some cases.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	251-260
19956392-4	2009	Previously, we examined a gene expression array database comparing human gliomas to nonneoplastic controls and identified several Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors with differential expression.	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
19702438-0	2009	Pharmacological activation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the small GTPase Rap1 recruits high-affinity beta1 integrins as coreceptors for parvovirus B19: improved ex vivo gene transfer to human erythroid progenitor cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	87-91
19915062-1	2009	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT; also known as Def6) is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases that has been previously shown to play a role in CD4+ T cell activation and Th1/Th2 differentiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	differentially expressed in FDCP 6	Mus musculus	33-37
19915062-1	2009	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT; also known as Def6) is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases that has been previously shown to play a role in CD4+ T cell activation and Th1/Th2 differentiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	differentially expressed in FDCP 6	Mus musculus	53-57
19915062-1	2009	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT; also known as Def6) is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases that has been previously shown to play a role in CD4+ T cell activation and Th1/Th2 differentiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	negative elongation factor complex member C/D, Th1l	Mus musculus	197-200
19915062-1	2009	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT; also known as Def6) is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases that has been previously shown to play a role in CD4+ T cell activation and Th1/Th2 differentiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2	Mus musculus	201-204
19915593-5	2009	In contrast, stimulation of extrasynaptic NMDARs increases the vulnerability of mtHtt-containing neurons to cell death by impairing the neuroprotective cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) cascade and increasing the level of the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein Rhes, which is known to sumoylate and disaggregate mtHtt.	Guanine Nucleotides	330-348	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Mus musculus	152-195
19915593-5	2009	In contrast, stimulation of extrasynaptic NMDARs increases the vulnerability of mtHtt-containing neurons to cell death by impairing the neuroprotective cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) cascade and increasing the level of the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein Rhes, which is known to sumoylate and disaggregate mtHtt.	Guanine Nucleotides	330-348	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Mus musculus	197-201
19915593-5	2009	In contrast, stimulation of extrasynaptic NMDARs increases the vulnerability of mtHtt-containing neurons to cell death by impairing the neuroprotective cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) cascade and increasing the level of the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein Rhes, which is known to sumoylate and disaggregate mtHtt.	Guanine Nucleotides	330-348	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	203-270
19567266-2	2009	The Ras-like G-proteins Ras, Rap and Ral are regulated by a variety of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that are characterized by a CDC25 homology domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
19567266-2	2009	The Ras-like G-proteins Ras, Rap and Ral are regulated by a variety of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that are characterized by a CDC25 homology domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	37-40
19567266-2	2009	The Ras-like G-proteins Ras, Rap and Ral are regulated by a variety of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that are characterized by a CDC25 homology domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	135-140
19826089-3	2009	We have recently reported reconstituted membrane fusion that requires yeast vacuolar SNAREs, lipids, and the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS)/class C Vps complex, an effector and guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast vacuolar Rab GTPase Ypt7p.	Guanine Nucleotides	198-216	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	267-272
19617897-3	2009	Here we show that epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho family GTPases, is coordinately amplified and overexpressed with PKCiota in NSCLC tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
19617897-3	2009	Here we show that epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho family GTPases, is coordinately amplified and overexpressed with PKCiota in NSCLC tumors.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	176-183
19635461-1	2009	RA-GEF-1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	0-8
19635461-1	2009	RA-GEF-1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	70-74
19654316-7	2009	In contrast, cytoplasmic p27(kip1) has been demonstrated to bind GDP-RhoA and inhibit GDP-GTP exchange mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	25-33
19631657-2	2009	Under stressed conditions, guanine-nucleotide exchange is strongly inhibited by the tight binding of phosphorylated eIF2 to eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	116-120
19669794-0	2009	Large Arf1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors: evolution, domain structure, and roles in membrane trafficking and human disease.	Guanine Nucleotides	11-29	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
19631657-2	2009	Under stressed conditions, guanine-nucleotide exchange is strongly inhibited by the tight binding of phosphorylated eIF2 to eIF2B.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	124-129
19692568-1	2009	RasGRF family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) promote guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange on several Ras GTPases, including H-Ras and TC21.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
19670212-1	2009	The DH-PH domain tandems of Dbl-homology guanine nucleotide exchange factors catalyze the exchange of GTP for GDP in Rho-family GTPases, and thus initiate a wide variety of cellular signaling cascades.	Guanine Nucleotides	41-59	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	28-31
19692568-1	2009	RasGRF family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) promote guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange on several Ras GTPases, including H-Ras and TC21.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	RAS related 2	Homo sapiens	175-179
19748348-2	2009	identify Vam6/Vps39 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Gtr1, a Rag family GTPase, to promote TORC1 activation in response to amino acids.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	VPS39 subunit of HOPS complex	Homo sapiens	9-13
19765287-2	2009	The activity of Ran is determined by both its guanine nucleotide-bound state and its subcellular localization.	Guanine Nucleotides	46-64	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	16-19
19546222-3	2009	The relevant cAMP target is Epac, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	13-17
19546222-3	2009	The relevant cAMP target is Epac, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	28-32
19546222-3	2009	The relevant cAMP target is Epac, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	92-95
19748348-2	2009	identify Vam6/Vps39 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Gtr1, a Rag family GTPase, to promote TORC1 activation in response to amino acids.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	VPS39 subunit of HOPS complex	Homo sapiens	14-19
19748348-2	2009	identify Vam6/Vps39 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Gtr1, a Rag family GTPase, to promote TORC1 activation in response to amino acids.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Homo sapiens	102-107
19672294-0	2009	Vav links the T cell antigen receptor to the actin cytoskeleton and T cell activation independently of intrinsic Guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
19586902-1	2009	Net1 is a nuclear Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is specific for the RhoA subfamily of small G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	neuroepithelial cell transforming 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19586902-1	2009	Net1 is a nuclear Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is specific for the RhoA subfamily of small G proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	22-40	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	82-86
19210747-5	2009	EPACs are specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras GTPase homologues, Rap1 and Rap2, which they activate independently of the classical routes for cAMP signalling, cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels and protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	86-90
19210747-5	2009	EPACs are specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras GTPase homologues, Rap1 and Rap2, which they activate independently of the classical routes for cAMP signalling, cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels and protein kinase A.	Guanine Nucleotides	19-37	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	95-99
19525225-4	2009	APC interacts with Asef and Asef2, Rac1- and Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and stimulates their GEF activity; thereby regulating cell morphology, adhesion, and migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	19-23
19525225-4	2009	APC interacts with Asef and Asef2, Rac1- and Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and stimulates their GEF activity; thereby regulating cell morphology, adhesion, and migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	spermatogenesis associated 13	Homo sapiens	28-33
19525225-4	2009	APC interacts with Asef and Asef2, Rac1- and Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and stimulates their GEF activity; thereby regulating cell morphology, adhesion, and migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
19525225-4	2009	APC interacts with Asef and Asef2, Rac1- and Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and stimulates their GEF activity; thereby regulating cell morphology, adhesion, and migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	60-78	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	45-50
19570034-3	2009	In the present study, two potential effectors of Rab10, GDI (guanine-nucleotide-dissociation inhibitor)-1 and GDI-2, are characterized in respect to their roles in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	RAB10, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-54
19570034-3	2009	In the present study, two potential effectors of Rab10, GDI (guanine-nucleotide-dissociation inhibitor)-1 and GDI-2, are characterized in respect to their roles in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	insulin	Homo sapiens	164-171
19570034-3	2009	In the present study, two potential effectors of Rab10, GDI (guanine-nucleotide-dissociation inhibitor)-1 and GDI-2, are characterized in respect to their roles in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	183-188
19651892-4	2009	The TGN targeting of mDpy-30 is mediated by BIG1, a TGN-localized guanine nucleotide exchange factor for adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	dpy-30, histone methyltransferase complex regulatory subunit	Mus musculus	21-28
19651892-4	2009	The TGN targeting of mDpy-30 is mediated by BIG1, a TGN-localized guanine nucleotide exchange factor for adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
19422395-1	2009	The G12 subfamily of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins consists of two alpha subunits, G alpha12 and G alpha13.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	104-113
19422395-1	2009	The G12 subfamily of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins consists of two alpha subunits, G alpha12 and G alpha13.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	118-127
19570914-1	2009	G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce their signals through trimeric G proteins, inducing guanine nucleotide exchange on their Galpha-subunits; the resulting Galpha-GTP transmits the signal further inside the cell.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	G protein alpha q subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	135-141
19570914-1	2009	G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce their signals through trimeric G proteins, inducing guanine nucleotide exchange on their Galpha-subunits; the resulting Galpha-GTP transmits the signal further inside the cell.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	G protein alpha q subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	166-172
19668330-0	2009	Multisite phosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Cdc24 during yeast cell polarization.	Guanine Nucleotides	33-51	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	68-73
19672294-2	2009	The Vav family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) has been implicated in generation of TCR signals and immune synapse formation, however, it is currently not known if Vav"s GEF activity is required in T cell activation by the TCR in general, and in actin polymerization downstream of the TCR in particular.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
19672294-2	2009	The Vav family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) has been implicated in generation of TCR signals and immune synapse formation, however, it is currently not known if Vav"s GEF activity is required in T cell activation by the TCR in general, and in actin polymerization downstream of the TCR in particular.	Guanine Nucleotides	18-36	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	97-100
19429716-2	2009	Here, we demonstrate that the agonist occupied wild-type secretin receptor is predominantly in a guanine nucleotide-sensitive high-affinity state and exhibits negative cooperativity, whereas the monomeric receptor is primarily in a guanine nucleotide-insensitive lower affinity state.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	secretin receptor	Homo sapiens	57-74
19645719-0	2009	RasGEF1A and RasGEF1B are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that discriminate between Rap GTP-binding proteins and mediate Rap2-specific nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	RasGEF domain family member 1A	Homo sapiens	0-8
19645719-0	2009	RasGEF1A and RasGEF1B are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that discriminate between Rap GTP-binding proteins and mediate Rap2-specific nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	RasGEF domain family member 1B	Homo sapiens	13-21
19645719-0	2009	RasGEF1A and RasGEF1B are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that discriminate between Rap GTP-binding proteins and mediate Rap2-specific nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
19645719-0	2009	RasGEF1A and RasGEF1B are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that discriminate between Rap GTP-binding proteins and mediate Rap2-specific nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	125-129
19645726-6	2009	Coupling of the kappa opioid receptor with the G alpha subunit was demonstrated by changes in agonist affinity in the presence of guanine nucleotides and by agonist-induced increases in the rate of guanine nucleotide hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-149	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	16-37
19645726-6	2009	Coupling of the kappa opioid receptor with the G alpha subunit was demonstrated by changes in agonist affinity in the presence of guanine nucleotides and by agonist-induced increases in the rate of guanine nucleotide hydrolysis.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	16-37
19429716-2	2009	Here, we demonstrate that the agonist occupied wild-type secretin receptor is predominantly in a guanine nucleotide-sensitive high-affinity state and exhibits negative cooperativity, whereas the monomeric receptor is primarily in a guanine nucleotide-insensitive lower affinity state.	Guanine Nucleotides	232-250	secretin receptor	Homo sapiens	57-74
19635156-17	2009	CONCLUSION: The significant influence of MPA on IMPDH1 expression, possibly mediated through reduced guanine nucleotide levels, could explain the elevations of IMPDH activity within dosing intervals at week 13.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	48-54
19458477-1	2009	DOCK180 is an atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rac1 identified originally as one of the two major proteins bound to the SH3 domain of the Crk adaptor protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Mus musculus	0-7
19458477-1	2009	DOCK180 is an atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rac1 identified originally as one of the two major proteins bound to the SH3 domain of the Crk adaptor protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	61-65
19458477-1	2009	DOCK180 is an atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rac1 identified originally as one of the two major proteins bound to the SH3 domain of the Crk adaptor protein.	Guanine Nucleotides	23-41	v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	152-155
19470481-9	2009	In the absence of an agonist, the beta(2)AR and Gs can be trapped in a complex by enzymatic depletion of guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-124	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	34-43
19568436-1	2009	Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a multifunctional enzyme that has guanine nucleotide binding and GTP hydrolyzing activity in addition to its transamidating function.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	0-18
19568436-1	2009	Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a multifunctional enzyme that has guanine nucleotide binding and GTP hydrolyzing activity in addition to its transamidating function.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	20-23
19564916-3	2009	In this study, we demonstrate a novel feedback loop in this Rho1-mediated Pkc1-MAPK pathway that involves regulation of Rom2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rho1, by Mpk1, the end kinase of the pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	60-64
19564916-3	2009	In this study, we demonstrate a novel feedback loop in this Rho1-mediated Pkc1-MAPK pathway that involves regulation of Rom2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rho1, by Mpk1, the end kinase of the pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	protein kinase C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	74-78
19564916-3	2009	In this study, we demonstrate a novel feedback loop in this Rho1-mediated Pkc1-MAPK pathway that involves regulation of Rom2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rho1, by Mpk1, the end kinase of the pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	120-124
19564916-3	2009	In this study, we demonstrate a novel feedback loop in this Rho1-mediated Pkc1-MAPK pathway that involves regulation of Rom2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rho1, by Mpk1, the end kinase of the pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	168-172
19564916-3	2009	In this study, we demonstrate a novel feedback loop in this Rho1-mediated Pkc1-MAPK pathway that involves regulation of Rom2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of Rho1, by Mpk1, the end kinase of the pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	130-148	mitogen-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase SLT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	177-181
19146979-2	2009	GAP-43 is known to increase guanine nucleotide exchange by Galpha(o), which is a major component of neuronal growth cone membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	0-6
19146979-2	2009	GAP-43 is known to increase guanine nucleotide exchange by Galpha(o), which is a major component of neuronal growth cone membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	59-68
19374031-1	2009	The yeast Ras-like small GTPases Gtr1p and Gtr2p form a heterodimer and interact genetically with Prp20p, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Gsp1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	33-38
19361519-0	2009	Kinetic analysis of the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of TRAPP, a multimeric Ypt1p exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	24-42	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-89
19361519-1	2009	TRAPP complexes, which are large multimeric assemblies that function in membrane traffic, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate the Rab GTPase Ypt1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	94-112	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	166-171
19361519-2	2009	Here we measured rate and equilibrium constants that define the interaction of Ypt1p with guanine nucleotide (guanosine 5"-diphosphate and guanosine 5"-triphosphate/guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate) and the core TRAPP subunits required for GEF activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	90-108	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	79-84
19361519-9	2009	These results illustrate a novel strategy of guanine nucleotide exchange by TRAPP that is particularly suited for a multifunctional GEF involved in membrane traffic.	Guanine Nucleotides	45-63	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	132-135
19498170-3	2009	We report that the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein Rhes, which is localized very selectively to the striatum, binds physiologically to mHtt.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	RASD family member 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
19498170-3	2009	We report that the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein Rhes, which is localized very selectively to the striatum, binds physiologically to mHtt.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	huntingtin	Mus musculus	144-148
19116169-1	2009	The guanine nucleotide binding protein Rab8A controls the final steps of exocytosis in mammalian cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	39-44
19374031-1	2009	The yeast Ras-like small GTPases Gtr1p and Gtr2p form a heterodimer and interact genetically with Prp20p, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Gsp1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	43-48
19374031-1	2009	The yeast Ras-like small GTPases Gtr1p and Gtr2p form a heterodimer and interact genetically with Prp20p, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Gsp1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-104
19374031-1	2009	The yeast Ras-like small GTPases Gtr1p and Gtr2p form a heterodimer and interact genetically with Prp20p, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Gsp1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	108-126	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	158-163
19409815-2	2009	Genetic inactivation of the guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein alpha-subunits Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) resulted in an increased activity of integrin leukocyte-function-antigen-1 in murine CD4(+) T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12	Mus musculus	82-92
19409815-2	2009	Genetic inactivation of the guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein alpha-subunits Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) resulted in an increased activity of integrin leukocyte-function-antigen-1 in murine CD4(+) T cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 13	Mus musculus	97-107
19301222-1	2009	The C825T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta polypeptide 3 ( GNB3) gene gives rise to a splice variant, GNB3s that has enhanced G protein activation and signal transduction activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	G protein subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	111-115
19301222-1	2009	The C825T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta polypeptide 3 ( GNB3) gene gives rise to a splice variant, GNB3s that has enhanced G protein activation and signal transduction activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	G protein subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	154-158
19435813-0	2009	Host deficiency in Vav2/3 guanine nucleotide exchange factors impairs tumor growth, survival, and angiogenesis in vivo.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	19-23
19435813-1	2009	Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factors modulate changes in cytoskeletal organization through activation of Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
19435813-1	2009	Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factors modulate changes in cytoskeletal organization through activation of Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	4-22	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	122-127
19088377-5	2009	Furthermore, we found a similar novel phenotype in the absence of Vav1, Vav2, and Vav3, which function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1 and Rac2.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
19091745-3	2009	Ras and Rap are regulated by different sets of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins, determining one level of specificity.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	8-11
19088377-5	2009	Furthermore, we found a similar novel phenotype in the absence of Vav1, Vav2, and Vav3, which function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1 and Rac2.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	72-76
19088377-5	2009	Furthermore, we found a similar novel phenotype in the absence of Vav1, Vav2, and Vav3, which function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1 and Rac2.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	82-86
19088377-5	2009	Furthermore, we found a similar novel phenotype in the absence of Vav1, Vav2, and Vav3, which function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1 and Rac2.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
19088377-5	2009	Furthermore, we found a similar novel phenotype in the absence of Vav1, Vav2, and Vav3, which function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1 and Rac2.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	155-159
19339687-4	2009	During anaphase, the primary mechanism for recruiting Rho1 is binding to its guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	77-95	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	54-58
19332778-0	2009	Interaction of phosphodiesterase 3A with brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins BIG1 and BIG2 and effect on ARF1 activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
19332778-0	2009	Interaction of phosphodiesterase 3A with brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins BIG1 and BIG2 and effect on ARF1 activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	109-113
19236846-3	2009	Here we show that BBS mutations alter the guanine nucleotide-binding properties of Arl6.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 6	Homo sapiens	83-87
19196950-5	2009	cAMP-binding guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs) were selectively activated by using 4-(4-chloro-phenylthio)-2"-O-methyladenosine-3"-5"-cyclic monophosphate (CPT-2-Me-cAMP), which sequentially phosphorylated Src-TYK (within 1 min) followed by Akt (within 5 min).	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2	Rattus norvegicus	170-175
19196950-5	2009	cAMP-binding guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs) were selectively activated by using 4-(4-chloro-phenylthio)-2"-O-methyladenosine-3"-5"-cyclic monophosphate (CPT-2-Me-cAMP), which sequentially phosphorylated Src-TYK (within 1 min) followed by Akt (within 5 min).	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	220-223
19196950-5	2009	cAMP-binding guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs) were selectively activated by using 4-(4-chloro-phenylthio)-2"-O-methyladenosine-3"-5"-cyclic monophosphate (CPT-2-Me-cAMP), which sequentially phosphorylated Src-TYK (within 1 min) followed by Akt (within 5 min).	Guanine Nucleotides	13-31	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	255-258
19318567-0	2009	Depletion of guanine nucleotides leads to the Mdm2-dependent proteasomal degradation of nucleostemin.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-32	MDM2 proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	46-50
19318567-0	2009	Depletion of guanine nucleotides leads to the Mdm2-dependent proteasomal degradation of nucleostemin.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-32	G protein nucleolar 3	Homo sapiens	88-100
19318567-3	2009	Selective depletion of intracellular guanine nucleotides by AVN-944, an inhibitor of the de novo purine synthetic enzyme, IMP dehydrogenase, leads to the rapid disappearance of nucleostemin protein in tumor cell lines, an effect that does not occur with two other nucleolar proteins, nucleophosmin or nucleolin.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-56	G protein nucleolar 3	Homo sapiens	177-189
19318567-3	2009	Selective depletion of intracellular guanine nucleotides by AVN-944, an inhibitor of the de novo purine synthetic enzyme, IMP dehydrogenase, leads to the rapid disappearance of nucleostemin protein in tumor cell lines, an effect that does not occur with two other nucleolar proteins, nucleophosmin or nucleolin.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-56	nucleophosmin 1	Homo sapiens	284-297
19318567-3	2009	Selective depletion of intracellular guanine nucleotides by AVN-944, an inhibitor of the de novo purine synthetic enzyme, IMP dehydrogenase, leads to the rapid disappearance of nucleostemin protein in tumor cell lines, an effect that does not occur with two other nucleolar proteins, nucleophosmin or nucleolin.	Guanine Nucleotides	37-56	nucleolin	Homo sapiens	301-310
19222191-11	2009	The 2.9 A resolution crystal structure of I56C/Q333C Galpha(i1) in complex with GDP-AlF(4)(-) reveals the shift of the alpha5 helix toward the guanine nucleotide binding site that is anticipated by EPR measurements.	Guanine Nucleotides	143-161	nischarin	Homo sapiens	53-62
19407150-5	2009	Proteomic analysis of the double-null teeth revealed increased levels of RhoGDI (Arhgdia), a Rho-family-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, which is involved in important cellular processes, such as cell attachment.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	73-79
19407150-5	2009	Proteomic analysis of the double-null teeth revealed increased levels of RhoGDI (Arhgdia), a Rho-family-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, which is involved in important cellular processes, such as cell attachment.	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	81-88
19356586-1	2009	Cdc42, a member of the Ras superfamily of small guanine nucleotide binding proteins, plays an important role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton, intracellular trafficking, and cell polarity.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-5
19182796-4	2009	Furthermore, we found that the second SH3 domain of Grb4 is required and sufficient for axon pruning/retraction by mediating interactions with Dock180 and PAK to bring about guanine nucleotide exchange and signaling downstream of Rac, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-192	non-catalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 2	Mus musculus	52-56
19129481-2	2009	Here we report that MyoGEF, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that localizes to the central spindle and cleavage furrow, interacts with centrosome/spindle pole-associated protein (CSPP), which is concentrated at the spindle pole and central spindle during mitosis and cytokinesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	pleckstrin homology and RhoGEF domain containing G6	Homo sapiens	20-26
21392280-6	2009	The downregulated probe sets showing some of the highest fold changes corresponded to genes with roles in eye development, including those encoding gamma crystallins, the guanine nucleotide binding proteins Gnat1 and Gant2, a BarH-like homeodomain transcription factor, and rhodopsin.	Guanine Nucleotides	171-189	rhodopsin	Astyanax mexicanus	274-283
19225125-3	2009	Striking findings suggest that the guanine-nucleotide state of Ran can be regulated by local translation of the Ran-binding protein RanBP1 in axons, and that an additional Ran-binding protein, RanBP10, can act as a microtubule-binding cytoplasmic guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (RanGEF) in megakaryocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	132-138
19225125-3	2009	Striking findings suggest that the guanine-nucleotide state of Ran can be regulated by local translation of the Ran-binding protein RanBP1 in axons, and that an additional Ran-binding protein, RanBP10, can act as a microtubule-binding cytoplasmic guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (RanGEF) in megakaryocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	RAN binding protein 10	Homo sapiens	193-200
19225125-3	2009	Striking findings suggest that the guanine-nucleotide state of Ran can be regulated by local translation of the Ran-binding protein RanBP1 in axons, and that an additional Ran-binding protein, RanBP10, can act as a microtubule-binding cytoplasmic guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (RanGEF) in megakaryocytes.	Guanine Nucleotides	247-265	RAN binding protein 10	Homo sapiens	193-200
19129481-2	2009	Here we report that MyoGEF, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that localizes to the central spindle and cleavage furrow, interacts with centrosome/spindle pole-associated protein (CSPP), which is concentrated at the spindle pole and central spindle during mitosis and cytokinesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	centrosome and spindle pole associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	139-181
19129481-2	2009	Here we report that MyoGEF, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that localizes to the central spindle and cleavage furrow, interacts with centrosome/spindle pole-associated protein (CSPP), which is concentrated at the spindle pole and central spindle during mitosis and cytokinesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	centrosome and spindle pole associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	183-187
19182796-4	2009	Furthermore, we found that the second SH3 domain of Grb4 is required and sufficient for axon pruning/retraction by mediating interactions with Dock180 and PAK to bring about guanine nucleotide exchange and signaling downstream of Rac, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	174-192	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Mus musculus	143-150
19149542-6	2009	NPR-C lacking the guanyl cyclase domain may influence the target cell function through inhibitory guanine nucleotide (Gi) protein, and they likely also act as clearance receptors for circulating peptides.	Guanine Nucleotides	98-116	natriuretic peptide receptor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
19392649-3	2009	These include Ca2+-mediated activation of guanine nucleotide exchange proteins, resulting in increased levels of GTP-charged Ras and/or Rac or inactivation of small GTPases by Ca2+-mediated activation of GTPase-activating enzymes.	Guanine Nucleotides	42-60	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	136-139
19202056-4	2009	m/m and mnlt/mnlt phenotypes both result from mutations that truncate the dedicator of cytokinesis 7 protein (DOCK7), a widely expressed Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	dedicator of cytokinesis 7	Mus musculus	74-108
19202056-4	2009	m/m and mnlt/mnlt phenotypes both result from mutations that truncate the dedicator of cytokinesis 7 protein (DOCK7), a widely expressed Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	148-166	dedicator of cytokinesis 7	Mus musculus	110-115
19095653-0	2009	Coordination of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) function in actin organization and translation elongation by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eEF1Balpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	16-59
19095653-0	2009	Coordination of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) function in actin organization and translation elongation by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eEF1Balpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	133-151	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	61-66
19095653-2	2009	A single domain of eEF1A is proposed to bind actin, aa-tRNA and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eEF1Balpha.	Guanine Nucleotides	68-86	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
19196702-4	2009	Using a novel fluorescence polarization guanine nucleotide-binding assay using BODIPY-Texas Red-GTPgammaS (BODIPY-TR-GTPgammaS), the authors performed a 10,000-compound high-throughput screen for inhibitors of LARG-stimulated RhoA nucleotide binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	210-214
19196702-4	2009	Using a novel fluorescence polarization guanine nucleotide-binding assay using BODIPY-Texas Red-GTPgammaS (BODIPY-TR-GTPgammaS), the authors performed a 10,000-compound high-throughput screen for inhibitors of LARG-stimulated RhoA nucleotide binding.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	226-230
19196702-5	2009	Five compounds identified from the high-throughput screen were confirmed in a nonfluorescent radioactive guanine nucleotide-binding assay measuring LARG-stimulated [( 35)S] GTPgammaS binding to RhoA, thus ruling out nonspecific fluorescent effects.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	148-152
19196702-5	2009	Five compounds identified from the high-throughput screen were confirmed in a nonfluorescent radioactive guanine nucleotide-binding assay measuring LARG-stimulated [( 35)S] GTPgammaS binding to RhoA, thus ruling out nonspecific fluorescent effects.	Guanine Nucleotides	105-123	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	194-198
18584336-5	2009	We found enrichment of alpha (Galphao, Galphaq) and beta subunits (beta4/beta2 and beta5) of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and of two calcium-binding proteins, calretinin and hippocalcin-like protein-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha O	Mus musculus	23-72
18584336-5	2009	We found enrichment of alpha (Galphao, Galphaq) and beta subunits (beta4/beta2 and beta5) of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and of two calcium-binding proteins, calretinin and hippocalcin-like protein-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	93-111	hemoglobin, beta adult minor chain	Mus musculus	73-88
19307703-1	2009	The cyclic AMP (cAMP)-binding proteins, Epac, are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Ras-like small GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	40-44
19039328-6	2009	Here, we propose a molecular mechanism of this specificity for the COPI coat by showing a direct and specific interaction between a COPI subunit and a cis-Golgi localized subfamily of Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that takes place independently of Arf1 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	188-206	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	265-269
18703424-7	2008	Its protein (NP_056483) was localized in spermatogenic cells and Leydig cells and could interact with guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12, 13, and 11 (GNA12, GNA13, and GNA11).	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	160-165
18832381-0	2008	A C-terminal sequence in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec7 mediates Golgi association and interaction with the Rsp5 ubiquitin ligase.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	64-68
18832381-0	2008	A C-terminal sequence in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec7 mediates Golgi association and interaction with the Rsp5 ubiquitin ligase.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	NEDD4 like E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	121-125
18703424-7	2008	Its protein (NP_056483) was localized in spermatogenic cells and Leydig cells and could interact with guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12, 13, and 11 (GNA12, GNA13, and GNA11).	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	167-172
18703424-7	2008	Its protein (NP_056483) was localized in spermatogenic cells and Leydig cells and could interact with guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12, 13, and 11 (GNA12, GNA13, and GNA11).	Guanine Nucleotides	102-120	G protein subunit alpha 11	Homo sapiens	178-183
19043202-1	2008	The G alpha subunits of the G(12) family of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), defined by G alpha(12) and G alpha(13), have many cellular functions in common, including stimulation of stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly via the small GTPase RhoA activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	120-130
19043202-1	2008	The G alpha subunits of the G(12) family of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), defined by G alpha(12) and G alpha(13), have many cellular functions in common, including stimulation of stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly via the small GTPase RhoA activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	136-147
18852288-3	2008	We show that the two most abundant GTPBP3 isoforms exhibit moderate affinity for guanine nucleotides like their bacterial homologue, MnmE, although they hydrolyze GTP at a 100-fold lower rate.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-100	GTP binding protein 3, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	35-41
19513240-2	2008	This property is achieved by a guanine nucleotide cycle wherein the inactive, signaling-incompetent Galpha subunit is normally bound to GDP; activation to signaling-competent Galpha occurs through the exchange of GDP for GTP (typically catalyzed via seven-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptors [GPCRs]), which dissociates the Gbetagamma dimer from Galpha-GTP and initiates signal transduction.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	100-106
19060111-2	2008	TCTP acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the Ras GTPase Rheb that controls TOR activity in Drosophila melanogaster.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Translationally controlled tumor protein	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
19513240-2	2008	This property is achieved by a guanine nucleotide cycle wherein the inactive, signaling-incompetent Galpha subunit is normally bound to GDP; activation to signaling-competent Galpha occurs through the exchange of GDP for GTP (typically catalyzed via seven-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptors [GPCRs]), which dissociates the Gbetagamma dimer from Galpha-GTP and initiates signal transduction.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	175-181
19513240-2	2008	This property is achieved by a guanine nucleotide cycle wherein the inactive, signaling-incompetent Galpha subunit is normally bound to GDP; activation to signaling-competent Galpha occurs through the exchange of GDP for GTP (typically catalyzed via seven-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptors [GPCRs]), which dissociates the Gbetagamma dimer from Galpha-GTP and initiates signal transduction.	Guanine Nucleotides	31-49	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	175-181
19060111-2	2008	TCTP acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the Ras GTPase Rheb that controls TOR activity in Drosophila melanogaster.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Ras homolog enriched in brain	Drosophila melanogaster	70-74
18765661-4	2008	Whereas mutation of two critical lysine residues within the second Ras-association domain of PLC-epsilon prevented K-Ras-dependent activation of the purified enzyme, guanine nucleotide-dependent activation by RhoA was retained.	Guanine Nucleotides	166-184	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	209-213
19060111-2	2008	TCTP acts as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor of the Ras GTPase Rheb that controls TOR activity in Drosophila melanogaster.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	Target of rapamycin	Drosophila melanogaster	89-92
18796295-2	2008	This study shows that a cellular redox agent (nitrogen dioxide) facilitates Ran guanine nucleotide dissociation, and identifies a unique Ran redox architecture involved in that process.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	76-79
18976935-1	2008	SWAP-70-like adaptor of T cells (SLAT) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases that regulates the development of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cell inflammatory responses by controlling the Ca(2+)-NFAT signaling pathway.	Guanine Nucleotides	44-62	DEF6 guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	33-37
18482007-0	2008	Activation of the small GTPase Rac1 by a specific guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor suffices to induce glucose uptake into skeletal-muscle cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
18796295-2	2008	This study shows that a cellular redox agent (nitrogen dioxide) facilitates Ran guanine nucleotide dissociation, and identifies a unique Ran redox architecture involved in that process.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	137-140
18796295-4	2008	As Ran releases an intact nucleotide, the redox regulation mechanism of Ran is likely to differ from the radical-based guanine nucleotide modification mechanism suggested for Ras and Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	119-137	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	72-75
18997336-0	2008	Crystallographic characterization of the membrane-targeting domains of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors Tiam1 and Tiam2.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	124-129
18997336-0	2008	Crystallographic characterization of the membrane-targeting domains of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors Tiam1 and Tiam2.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	134-139
18997336-1	2008	T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 and 2 (Tiam1 and Tiam2) are guanine nucleotide-exchange factors that specifically activate Rac GTPase by facilitating the dissociation of GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
18997336-1	2008	T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 and 2 (Tiam1 and Tiam2) are guanine nucleotide-exchange factors that specifically activate Rac GTPase by facilitating the dissociation of GDP.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	54-59
18790720-4	2008	The results from limited proteinase degradation show that Ca(2+) protects the fragments of H-Ras from being further degraded by trypsin and by proteinase K. HPLC studies together with fluorescence spectroscopic measurements indicate that binding of Ca(2+) to the H-Ras.GDP.Mg(2+) complex remarkably promotes guanine nucleotide exchange on H-Ras under emulated physiological Ca(2+) concentration conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	308-326	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	91-96
18790720-5	2008	Addition of high concentrations of either of two macromolecular crowding agents, Ficoll 70 and dextran 70, dramatically enhances H-Ras guanine nucleotide exchange extent in the presence of Ca(2+) at emulated physiological concentrations, and the nucleotide exchange extent increases significantly with the concentrations of crowding agents.	Guanine Nucleotides	135-153	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	129-134
18790720-6	2008	Together, these results indicate that binding of calcium ions to H-Ras remarkably promotes H-Ras guanine nucleotide exchange under emulated physiological conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	65-70
18790720-6	2008	Together, these results indicate that binding of calcium ions to H-Ras remarkably promotes H-Ras guanine nucleotide exchange under emulated physiological conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	97-115	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	91-96
18790060-5	2008	Nonhydrolyzable analogues of guanine nucleotides and SCH23390 blocked the NPY-activated current.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-48	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	74-77
18675860-7	2008	The inhibition exerted by HPP against XOR activity could provoke either (i) an increased adenine and guanine nucleotide pool, which could facilitate viral RNA synthesis or (ii) it could cause changes in IAA/auxin levels, which has been proposed to influence TMV susceptibility in tobacco.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	familial progressive hyperpigmentation 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
18765661-3	2008	Purified PLC-epsilon was activated in a guanine nucleotide- and concentration-dependent fashion by purified lipidated K-Ras reconstituted in PtdIns(4,5)P(2)-containing phospholipid vesicles.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	phospholipase C like 1 (inactive)	Homo sapiens	9-20
18765661-3	2008	Purified PLC-epsilon was activated in a guanine nucleotide- and concentration-dependent fashion by purified lipidated K-Ras reconstituted in PtdIns(4,5)P(2)-containing phospholipid vesicles.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	118-123
18845944-0	2008	A function of huntingtin in guanine nucleotide exchange on Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	huntingtin	Mus musculus	14-24
18845944-0	2008	A function of huntingtin in guanine nucleotide exchange on Rab11.	Guanine Nucleotides	28-46	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	59-64
18925966-3	2008	One group of activators which regulate the Rho-GTPases is the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and this study looked at three such GEFs, Trio, Vav1 and TIAM-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
18925966-3	2008	One group of activators which regulate the Rho-GTPases is the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and this study looked at three such GEFs, Trio, Vav1 and TIAM-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	148-152
18925966-3	2008	One group of activators which regulate the Rho-GTPases is the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and this study looked at three such GEFs, Trio, Vav1 and TIAM-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	62-80	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	163-169
18836081-5	2008	From these data, in conjunction with previously reported structural data on guanine nucleotide-bound EF-G, we suggest that EF-G enters the pretranslocation ribosome as an "activity chimera," with the G domain activated by the presence of GTP but the overall factor conformation in the inactive form typical of a GDP-bound multidomain guanosine triphosphatase.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
18836081-5	2008	From these data, in conjunction with previously reported structural data on guanine nucleotide-bound EF-G, we suggest that EF-G enters the pretranslocation ribosome as an "activity chimera," with the G domain activated by the presence of GTP but the overall factor conformation in the inactive form typical of a GDP-bound multidomain guanosine triphosphatase.	Guanine Nucleotides	76-94	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
18559336-9	2008	Recombinant Rab3GEP exhibits guanine nucleotide exchange activity against Rab27a and Rab27b in vitro, in addition to its previously documented activity against Rab3.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	12-19
18756455-1	2008	Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) is a guanine-nucleotide binding protein, which transports aminoacylated tRNA to the ribosomal A site during protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-43
18756455-1	2008	Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) is a guanine-nucleotide binding protein, which transports aminoacylated tRNA to the ribosomal A site during protein synthesis.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
18660803-1	2008	Epac proteins are activated by binding of the second messenger cAMP and then act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
18660803-1	2008	Epac proteins are activated by binding of the second messenger cAMP and then act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	124-127
18596235-1	2008	DOCK180 is the archetype of the DOCK180-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
18596235-1	2008	DOCK180 is the archetype of the DOCK180-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	32-39
18596235-1	2008	DOCK180 is the archetype of the DOCK180-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
18596235-1	2008	DOCK180 is the archetype of the DOCK180-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	47-65	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	109-114
18658153-3	2008	The interaction of Rheb with FKBP38 is controlled by its guanine nucleotide binding states, which are responsive to growth factor and amino acid conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	19-23
18658153-3	2008	The interaction of Rheb with FKBP38 is controlled by its guanine nucleotide binding states, which are responsive to growth factor and amino acid conditions.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	FKBP prolyl isomerase 8	Homo sapiens	29-35
18768681-3	2008	Biochemical and expression system studies suggest that PCP2 is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, although a guanine nucleotide exchange factor has also been suggested.	Guanine Nucleotides	65-83	Purkinje cell protein 2 (L7)	Mus musculus	55-59
18577515-3	2008	Rap1A/B and the two Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Epac1 and CalDAG-GEF III, were identified in mouse pancreatic acini.	Guanine Nucleotides	25-43	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	62-67
18559336-9	2008	Recombinant Rab3GEP exhibits guanine nucleotide exchange activity against Rab27a and Rab27b in vitro, in addition to its previously documented activity against Rab3.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	74-80
18559336-9	2008	Recombinant Rab3GEP exhibits guanine nucleotide exchange activity against Rab27a and Rab27b in vitro, in addition to its previously documented activity against Rab3.	Guanine Nucleotides	29-47	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	85-91
20735965-2	2008	The activities of RhoC are negatively regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor beta,gamma(GDIbeta,gamma), but its role in cancer is quite limited.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	18-22
18541531-0	2008	Ric-8A catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on G alphai1 bound to the GPR/GoLoco exchange inhibitor AGS3.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	0-6
18541531-0	2008	Ric-8A catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on G alphai1 bound to the GPR/GoLoco exchange inhibitor AGS3.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
18541531-4	2008	AGS3, a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), binds and stabilizes Galpha subunits in their GDP-bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18541531-4	2008	AGS3, a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), binds and stabilizes Galpha subunits in their GDP-bound state.	Guanine Nucleotides	8-26	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	78-84
18274553-2	2008	It functions as a growth regulating protein implicated in the TSC1-TSC2 -mTOR pathway or a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for the elongation factors EF1A and EF1Bbeta.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	160-164
18554500-4	2008	Arl13b binds guanine nucleotides and specifically localizes to cilia.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-32	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 13B	Homo sapiens	0-6
18554500-5	2008	The ciliary localization of Arl13b requires both N and C domains but is independent of its guanine nucleotide-binding ability.	Guanine Nucleotides	91-109	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 13B	Homo sapiens	28-34
18631136-8	2008	In the present article, we review data from studies of representative G-protein-GEF pairs and compare these with observations from our research on eIF2 and eIF2B to propose a model for how interactions between eIF2B and eIF2 promote guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	233-251	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	80-83
18631136-8	2008	In the present article, we review data from studies of representative G-protein-GEF pairs and compare these with observations from our research on eIF2 and eIF2B to propose a model for how interactions between eIF2B and eIF2 promote guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	233-251	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	147-151
18631136-8	2008	In the present article, we review data from studies of representative G-protein-GEF pairs and compare these with observations from our research on eIF2 and eIF2B to propose a model for how interactions between eIF2B and eIF2 promote guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	233-251	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	156-161
18631136-8	2008	In the present article, we review data from studies of representative G-protein-GEF pairs and compare these with observations from our research on eIF2 and eIF2B to propose a model for how interactions between eIF2B and eIF2 promote guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	233-251	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	210-215
18631136-8	2008	In the present article, we review data from studies of representative G-protein-GEF pairs and compare these with observations from our research on eIF2 and eIF2B to propose a model for how interactions between eIF2B and eIF2 promote guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	233-251	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	156-160
18320579-3	2008	G(12) proteins were more recently studied, and upon activation by GPCRs they mediate activation of RhoGTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which in turn activate the small GTPase RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	109-127	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	196-200
18552287-9	2008	Our results also suggest that Avo2p/Slm1p-mediated signaling, but not Avo1p-mediated signaling, links to Rho1p activation specifically through the Rho1p-guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tus1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Avo2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	30-35
18552287-9	2008	Our results also suggest that Avo2p/Slm1p-mediated signaling, but not Avo1p-mediated signaling, links to Rho1p activation specifically through the Rho1p-guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tus1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-binding protein	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-41
18552287-9	2008	Our results also suggest that Avo2p/Slm1p-mediated signaling, but not Avo1p-mediated signaling, links to Rho1p activation specifically through the Rho1p-guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tus1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	105-110
18552287-9	2008	Our results also suggest that Avo2p/Slm1p-mediated signaling, but not Avo1p-mediated signaling, links to Rho1p activation specifically through the Rho1p-guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tus1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	147-152
18552287-9	2008	Our results also suggest that Avo2p/Slm1p-mediated signaling, but not Avo1p-mediated signaling, links to Rho1p activation specifically through the Rho1p-guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tus1p.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor TUS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	188-193
18411261-1	2008	Exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPACs) are guanine nucleotide-exchange factors for the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 and represent a key receptor for the ubiquitous cAMP second messenger in eukaryotes.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	115-119
18410521-0	2008	Frabin and other related Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors couple the actin cytoskeleton with the plasma membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	40-58	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	25-30
18589439-0	2008	Structural basis of guanine nucleotide exchange mediated by the T-cell essential Vav1.	Guanine Nucleotides	20-38	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
18589439-4	2008	These unique interactions stabilize the Vav1 DH domain for its intimate association with the Switch II region of Rac1 that is critical for the displacement of the guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
18589439-4	2008	These unique interactions stabilize the Vav1 DH domain for its intimate association with the Switch II region of Rac1 that is critical for the displacement of the guanine nucleotide.	Guanine Nucleotides	163-181	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
18589439-6	2008	Further, mutational analyses confirms that the atypical CRD is critical for maintaining both optimal guanine nucleotide exchange activity and broader specificity of Vav family GEFs.	Guanine Nucleotides	101-119	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	165-168
18411261-1	2008	Exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPACs) are guanine nucleotide-exchange factors for the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 and represent a key receptor for the ubiquitous cAMP second messenger in eukaryotes.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	124-128
18585348-3	2008	(2008) now present structural and biochemical analyses of yeast TRAPPI in a complex with Ypt1p revealing a unique mechanism by which TRAPPI catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	150-168	Rab family GTPase YPT1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	89-94
18604457-2	2008	In eukaryotic cells, the effects of cAMP are mediated by two ubiquitously expressed intracellular cAMP receptors, the classic protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP-dependent protein kinase and the recently discovered exchange protein directly activated by camp (Epac)/cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	273-291	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	252-256
18339214-2	2008	The mechanisms of adrenomedullin-induced responses are via guanine nucleotide guanosine 5"-triphosphate-binding protein (G-protein)-coupled receptor activation and are similar to those of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP).	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	adrenomedullin	Rattus norvegicus	18-32
18359763-4	2008	Importantly, uniquely hypomethylated genes play roles in angiogenesis (e.g., chymase 1, tyrosine kinase nonreceptor 2, and possibly ephrin B2 and triple functional domain, PTPRF interacting) and invasion and metastasis, including those involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (transcription factor 4, transforming growth factor beta receptor II, and ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator).	Guanine Nucleotides	364-382	tyrosine kinase, non-receptor, 2	Mus musculus	88-141
18359763-4	2008	Importantly, uniquely hypomethylated genes play roles in angiogenesis (e.g., chymase 1, tyrosine kinase nonreceptor 2, and possibly ephrin B2 and triple functional domain, PTPRF interacting) and invasion and metastasis, including those involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (transcription factor 4, transforming growth factor beta receptor II, and ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator).	Guanine Nucleotides	364-382	transcription factor 4	Mus musculus	287-354
18359763-4	2008	Importantly, uniquely hypomethylated genes play roles in angiogenesis (e.g., chymase 1, tyrosine kinase nonreceptor 2, and possibly ephrin B2 and triple functional domain, PTPRF interacting) and invasion and metastasis, including those involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (transcription factor 4, transforming growth factor beta receptor II, and ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator).	Guanine Nucleotides	364-382	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	360-363
18378681-2	2008	In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the sole guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho G-protein Cdc42p, Cdc24p, is essential for its site-specific activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	105-111
18378681-2	2008	In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the sole guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho G-protein Cdc42p, Cdc24p, is essential for its site-specific activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	48-66	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	113-119
18396012-5	2008	We demonstrate that E2F1 induces ERK activation via a transcriptional mechanism and upregulates the expression of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, RASGRP1 and RASGEF1B, which promote Ras activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	E2F transcription factor 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	20-24
20731941-2	2008	The activities of RhoC are negatively regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor a (GDIa), but the knowledge of its role in cancer is quite limited and the results are controversy in different cancers.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	18-22
18504302-7	2008	We find that Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor mutants, pebble (pbl), severely disrupt this F-actin-associated vesicle transport.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	Actin 79B	Drosophila melanogaster	108-113
18611384-2	2008	It contains four zinc finger motifs that are thought to be crucial for the regulation of transport-receptor/cargo interactions via their binding to the small guanine nucleotide binding protein, Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	158-176	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	194-197
18396012-5	2008	We demonstrate that E2F1 induces ERK activation via a transcriptional mechanism and upregulates the expression of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors, RASGRP1 and RASGEF1B, which promote Ras activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	118-136	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	155-162
18176800-1	2008	Epac1 (also known as cAMP-GEF-I) and Epac2 (also known as cAMP-GEF-II) are cyclic AMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ras-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
18391018-2	2008	We show that exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac), which functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Ras-like GTPases Rap1 and Rap2, was required for cAMP-dependent stimulation of adipocyte differentiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	58-62
18391018-2	2008	We show that exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac), which functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Ras-like GTPases Rap1 and Rap2, was required for cAMP-dependent stimulation of adipocyte differentiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	146-150
18391018-2	2008	We show that exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac), which functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Ras-like GTPases Rap1 and Rap2, was required for cAMP-dependent stimulation of adipocyte differentiation.	Guanine Nucleotides	86-104	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	155-159
18176800-1	2008	Epac1 (also known as cAMP-GEF-I) and Epac2 (also known as cAMP-GEF-II) are cyclic AMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ras-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	21-31
18176800-1	2008	Epac1 (also known as cAMP-GEF-I) and Epac2 (also known as cAMP-GEF-II) are cyclic AMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ras-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	37-42
18176800-1	2008	Epac1 (also known as cAMP-GEF-I) and Epac2 (also known as cAMP-GEF-II) are cyclic AMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Ras-like GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	58-69
18600529-0	2008	Guanine nucleotide depletion mediates translocation of nucleolar proteins, including RNA helicase A (DHX-9).	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	DExH-box helicase 9	Homo sapiens	85-99
18600529-0	2008	Guanine nucleotide depletion mediates translocation of nucleolar proteins, including RNA helicase A (DHX-9).	Guanine Nucleotides	0-18	DExH-box helicase 9	Homo sapiens	101-106
18600550-3	2008	One such protein is inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase type 1 (IMPDH1), which catalyzes a key step in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis and also binds single-stranded nucleic acids.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	20-62
18299239-2	2008	The Cdc42/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor PIX and the Arf GTPase-activating protein GIT form a stable complex in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	4-9
18600550-3	2008	One such protein is inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase type 1 (IMPDH1), which catalyzes a key step in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis and also binds single-stranded nucleic acids.	Guanine Nucleotides	103-121	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	64-70
18426909-1	2008	The IMD2 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is regulated by intracellular guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	72-91	IMP dehydrogenase IMD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
18299239-2	2008	The Cdc42/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor PIX and the Arf GTPase-activating protein GIT form a stable complex in cells.	Guanine Nucleotides	14-32	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	10-13
18302932-0	2008	Neuroprotective function of human neuroglobin is correlated with its guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	69-87	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	34-45
18302932-3	2008	We previously demonstrated that human ferric Ngb binds to the alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galpha(i/o)) and acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galpha(i/o).	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	45-48
18302932-3	2008	We previously demonstrated that human ferric Ngb binds to the alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galpha(i/o)) and acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galpha(i/o).	Guanine Nucleotides	134-152	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	186-197
18258182-1	2008	Gtr1p and Gtr2p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are members of the Ras-like GTP binding family and interact genetically with Prp20p (yeast RCC1), which is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Gsp1p (yeast homolog of Ran, involved in nuclear export).	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
18451304-4	2008	This asymmetric tethering relied on motifs that sensed membrane curvature both in the N terminus of GMAP-210 and in ArfGAP1, which controlled the interaction of the C terminus of GMAP-210 with the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein Arf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	thyroid hormone receptor interactor 11	Homo sapiens	100-108
18451304-4	2008	This asymmetric tethering relied on motifs that sensed membrane curvature both in the N terminus of GMAP-210 and in ArfGAP1, which controlled the interaction of the C terminus of GMAP-210 with the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein Arf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	116-123
18451304-4	2008	This asymmetric tethering relied on motifs that sensed membrane curvature both in the N terminus of GMAP-210 and in ArfGAP1, which controlled the interaction of the C terminus of GMAP-210 with the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein Arf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	thyroid hormone receptor interactor 11	Homo sapiens	179-187
18451304-4	2008	This asymmetric tethering relied on motifs that sensed membrane curvature both in the N terminus of GMAP-210 and in ArfGAP1, which controlled the interaction of the C terminus of GMAP-210 with the small guanine nucleotide-binding protein Arf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	203-221	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	238-242
18416560-3	2008	We previously demonstrated that human ferric Ngb binds to the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galphai) and acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galphai.	Guanine Nucleotides	129-147	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	45-48
18258182-1	2008	Gtr1p and Gtr2p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are members of the Ras-like GTP binding family and interact genetically with Prp20p (yeast RCC1), which is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Gsp1p (yeast homolog of Ran, involved in nuclear export).	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	10-15
18258182-1	2008	Gtr1p and Gtr2p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are members of the Ras-like GTP binding family and interact genetically with Prp20p (yeast RCC1), which is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Gsp1p (yeast homolog of Ran, involved in nuclear export).	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-127
18258182-1	2008	Gtr1p and Gtr2p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are members of the Ras-like GTP binding family and interact genetically with Prp20p (yeast RCC1), which is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Gsp1p (yeast homolog of Ran, involved in nuclear export).	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	192-197
18363964-3	2008	Although FGD3 and FGD1 share strikingly similar Dbl homology (DH) domains and adjacent pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, both of which are responsible for guanine nucleotide exchange, there also exist remarkable differences in their structures.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	9-13
18208356-2	2008	We report here that hPEM-2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Cdc42, is a novel target of Smurf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9	Homo sapiens	20-26
18208356-2	2008	We report here that hPEM-2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Cdc42, is a novel target of Smurf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	86-91
18208356-2	2008	We report here that hPEM-2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Cdc42, is a novel target of Smurf1.	Guanine Nucleotides	30-48	SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Homo sapiens	114-120
19262097-2	2008	We recently revealed that GEP100, a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor, is responsible for the activation of Arf6 which induces invasion and metastasis.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	IQ motif and Sec7 domain ArfGEF 1	Homo sapiens	26-32
19262097-2	2008	We recently revealed that GEP100, a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor, is responsible for the activation of Arf6 which induces invasion and metastasis.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	111-115
18363964-3	2008	Although FGD3 and FGD1 share strikingly similar Dbl homology (DH) domains and adjacent pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, both of which are responsible for guanine nucleotide exchange, there also exist remarkable differences in their structures.	Guanine Nucleotides	155-173	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
18216183-4	2008	In particular, we showed that hOAT2 (SLC22A7), a member of the solute carrier (SLC) superfamily, was a facilitative transporter for cGMP and other guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	147-166	solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens	30-35
18216183-4	2008	In particular, we showed that hOAT2 (SLC22A7), a member of the solute carrier (SLC) superfamily, was a facilitative transporter for cGMP and other guanine nucleotides.	Guanine Nucleotides	147-166	solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens	37-44
18211802-0	2008	ERK1/2 phosphorylate GEF-H1 to enhance its guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
18211802-0	2008	ERK1/2 phosphorylate GEF-H1 to enhance its guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	21-27
18211802-0	2008	ERK1/2 phosphorylate GEF-H1 to enhance its guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	43-61	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	87-91
18211802-6	2008	ERK1/2-mediated Thr(678)-phosphorylation enhanced the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of GEF-H1 toward RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
18211802-6	2008	ERK1/2-mediated Thr(678)-phosphorylation enhanced the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of GEF-H1 toward RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	94-100
18211802-6	2008	ERK1/2-mediated Thr(678)-phosphorylation enhanced the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of GEF-H1 toward RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	108-112
18332221-2	2008	Here we show that the two guanine-nucleotide exchange factors Brag2 and Dock180 have evolutionarily conserved functions in the fusion of mammalian myoblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	IQ motif and Sec7 domain ArfGEF 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
18332221-2	2008	Here we show that the two guanine-nucleotide exchange factors Brag2 and Dock180 have evolutionarily conserved functions in the fusion of mammalian myoblasts.	Guanine Nucleotides	26-44	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	72-79
18271718-1	2008	Sec14p-like lipid-binding domain (SEC14 domain) is an evolutionarily conserved protein domain often found in secretory proteins, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae phosphatidylinositol transfer protein Sec14p, and in lipid-regulated proteins, such as GTPase-activating proteins, guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and neurofibromin.	Guanine Nucleotides	277-295	phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylcholine transfer protein SEC14	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-6
18178724-3	2008	We evaluated the role of the cAMP-dependent activation of the exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1, in rat venular microvessels exposed to the platelet-activating factor (PAF).	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	62-96
18178724-3	2008	We evaluated the role of the cAMP-dependent activation of the exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1, in rat venular microvessels exposed to the platelet-activating factor (PAF).	Guanine Nucleotides	107-125	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	98-102
18331715-1	2008	Cdc42GAP promotes inactivation of Cdc42, a small GTPase whose activation at the leading edge by guanine nucleotide exchange factors is critical for cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-8
18331715-1	2008	Cdc42GAP promotes inactivation of Cdc42, a small GTPase whose activation at the leading edge by guanine nucleotide exchange factors is critical for cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-114	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-5
18271718-1	2008	Sec14p-like lipid-binding domain (SEC14 domain) is an evolutionarily conserved protein domain often found in secretory proteins, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae phosphatidylinositol transfer protein Sec14p, and in lipid-regulated proteins, such as GTPase-activating proteins, guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and neurofibromin.	Guanine Nucleotides	277-295	phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylcholine transfer protein SEC14	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	34-39
18271718-1	2008	Sec14p-like lipid-binding domain (SEC14 domain) is an evolutionarily conserved protein domain often found in secretory proteins, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae phosphatidylinositol transfer protein Sec14p, and in lipid-regulated proteins, such as GTPase-activating proteins, guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and neurofibromin.	Guanine Nucleotides	277-295	phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylcholine transfer protein SEC14	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	200-206
18323689-0	2008	The EFA6 family: guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 6 at neuronal synapses.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Mus musculus	4-8
18323689-0	2008	The EFA6 family: guanine nucleotide exchange factors for ADP ribosylation factor 6 at neuronal synapses.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	57-82
18258741-5	2008	The only change in Gsalpha that is similar to that in *Talpha is that the apparent affinity for guanine nucleotides is decreased in both proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	96-115	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	19-26
18070886-1	2008	The cycling of Rac GTPases, alternating between an active GTP- and an inactive GDP-bound state, is controlled by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	113-131	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	15-18
18056264-0	2008	Specific recognition of Rac2 and Cdc42 by DOCK2 and DOCK9 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
18056264-0	2008	Specific recognition of Rac2 and Cdc42 by DOCK2 and DOCK9 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	33-38
18056264-0	2008	Specific recognition of Rac2 and Cdc42 by DOCK2 and DOCK9 guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	58-76	dedicator of cytokinesis 9	Homo sapiens	52-57
18070886-1	2008	The cycling of Rac GTPases, alternating between an active GTP- and an inactive GDP-bound state, is controlled by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	189-207	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	15-18
17716863-0	2008	Epac-selective cAMP analogs: new tools with which to evaluate the signal transduction properties of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	115-133	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
18163987-1	2008	Members of the CDM (CED-5, Dock180, Myoblast city) superfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors function in diverse processes that include cell migration and myoblast fusion.	Guanine Nucleotides	66-84	myoblast city	Drosophila melanogaster	27-34
18003980-0	2008	Distinct functions for Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors at the Golgi complex: GBF1 and BIGs are required for assembly and maintenance of the Golgi stack and trans-Golgi network, respectively.	Guanine Nucleotides	27-45	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	85-89
18039662-1	2008	GTPase-activating proteins are required to terminate signaling by Rap1, a small guanine nucleotide-binding protein that controls integrin activity and cell adhesion.	Guanine Nucleotides	80-98	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-70
18195107-2	2008	RhoA GTPases facilitate FA formation, yet FA-associated RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) remain unknown.	Guanine Nucleotides	70-88	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	56-60
18077133-5	2008	We identified at least 4 BRK targets comprising the alpha-subunit of stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein (GNAS), FL139441, beta-tubulin and kinesin associated protein 3A (KAP3A) and validated them as BRK substrates using a secondary assay.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	protein tyrosine kinase 6	Homo sapiens	25-28
18077133-5	2008	We identified at least 4 BRK targets comprising the alpha-subunit of stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein (GNAS), FL139441, beta-tubulin and kinesin associated protein 3A (KAP3A) and validated them as BRK substrates using a secondary assay.	Guanine Nucleotides	81-99	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	117-121
18267089-2	2008	PAR-3 directly interacts with Tiam1/Taim2 (STEF), Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and forms a complex with aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42*GTP, leading to Rac1 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	par-3 family cell polarity regulator	Homo sapiens	0-5
18267089-2	2008	PAR-3 directly interacts with Tiam1/Taim2 (STEF), Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and forms a complex with aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42*GTP, leading to Rac1 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
18267089-2	2008	PAR-3 directly interacts with Tiam1/Taim2 (STEF), Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and forms a complex with aPKC-PAR-6-Cdc42*GTP, leading to Rac1 activation.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	137-142
18190708-2	2008	They are regulated by at least three families of proteins, RHO guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RHOGEFs), RHOGTPase-activating proteins (RHOGAPs) and RHO guanine nucleotide inhibitors (RHOGDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	63-81	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	189-196
18190708-2	2008	They are regulated by at least three families of proteins, RHO guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RHOGEFs), RHOGTPase-activating proteins (RHOGAPs) and RHO guanine nucleotide inhibitors (RHOGDIs).	Guanine Nucleotides	158-176	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	189-196
17716863-1	2008	The identification of 2"-O-methyl substituted adenosine-3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) analogs that activate the Epac family of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs, also known as Epac1 and Epac2), has ushered in a new era of cyclic nucleotide research in which previously unrecognized signalling properties of the second messenger cAMP have been revealed.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	116-120
17716863-1	2008	The identification of 2"-O-methyl substituted adenosine-3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) analogs that activate the Epac family of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs, also known as Epac1 and Epac2), has ushered in a new era of cyclic nucleotide research in which previously unrecognized signalling properties of the second messenger cAMP have been revealed.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	208-213
17716863-1	2008	The identification of 2"-O-methyl substituted adenosine-3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) analogs that activate the Epac family of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs, also known as Epac1 and Epac2), has ushered in a new era of cyclic nucleotide research in which previously unrecognized signalling properties of the second messenger cAMP have been revealed.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	218-223
18280771-0	2008	Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of mutant CFTR requires a guanine nucleotide-sensitive step.	Guanine Nucleotides	71-89	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	55-59
18769037-8	2008	CONCLUSION: Guanine nucleotides can modulate cardiac TRPM7-like channels via a mechanism linked to G proteins and to PIP(2) metabolism.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-31	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7	Sus scrofa	53-58
18769037-8	2008	CONCLUSION: Guanine nucleotides can modulate cardiac TRPM7-like channels via a mechanism linked to G proteins and to PIP(2) metabolism.	Guanine Nucleotides	12-31	prolactin induced protein	Sus scrofa	117-120
17727662-1	2007	The Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC25 gene encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras proteins whose catalytic domain is highly homologous to Ras-guanine nucleotide exchange factors from higher eukaryotes.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-34
17462731-7	2008	Depletion of guanine nucleotides by MPA and AVN-944 also causes an early and near-complete reduction in levels of the 45S precursor rRNA synthesis and the concomitant translocation of nucleolar proteins including nucleolin, nucleophosmin, and nucleostemin from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-32	nucleolin	Homo sapiens	213-222
17462731-7	2008	Depletion of guanine nucleotides by MPA and AVN-944 also causes an early and near-complete reduction in levels of the 45S precursor rRNA synthesis and the concomitant translocation of nucleolar proteins including nucleolin, nucleophosmin, and nucleostemin from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-32	nucleophosmin 1	Homo sapiens	224-237
17462731-7	2008	Depletion of guanine nucleotides by MPA and AVN-944 also causes an early and near-complete reduction in levels of the 45S precursor rRNA synthesis and the concomitant translocation of nucleolar proteins including nucleolin, nucleophosmin, and nucleostemin from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm.	Guanine Nucleotides	13-32	G protein nucleolar 3	Homo sapiens	243-255
18066058-3	2008	DOCK180 is a member of a new family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
17932039-7	2007	Furthermore, our biochemical analyses with recombinant Rac proteins found that EHT 1864 possesses high affinity binding to Rac1, as well as the related Rac1b, Rac2, and Rac3 isoforms, and this association promoted the loss of bound nucleotide, inhibiting both guanine nucleotide association and Tiam1 Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor-stimulated exchange factor activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	260-278	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
17932039-7	2007	Furthermore, our biochemical analyses with recombinant Rac proteins found that EHT 1864 possesses high affinity binding to Rac1, as well as the related Rac1b, Rac2, and Rac3 isoforms, and this association promoted the loss of bound nucleotide, inhibiting both guanine nucleotide association and Tiam1 Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor-stimulated exchange factor activity in vitro.	Guanine Nucleotides	260-278	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
17976838-3	2007	Rit signaling has been found to activate several downstream pathways including MEK/ERK, p38 MAPK, Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and Rit associates with the Par6 cell polarity machinery.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	98-101
17976838-3	2007	Rit signaling has been found to activate several downstream pathways including MEK/ERK, p38 MAPK, Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and Rit associates with the Par6 cell polarity machinery.	Guanine Nucleotides	111-129	Prader Willi/Angelman region RNA 6	Homo sapiens	183-187
18374160-5	2008	Our work suggests that EHT 1864 selectively inhibits Rac1 downstream signaling and cellular transformation by a novel mechanism involving guanine nucleotide displacement.	Guanine Nucleotides	138-156	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
18374185-5	2008	Most tellingly, the BBSome associates with Rabin8, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rab8, and Rab8-GTP enters the primary cilium to promote extension of the ciliary membrane.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-115
18178769-6	2008	When introduced into guard cells together with CA-ROP2, At RhoGDI1, which encodes a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, inhibited plasma membrane localization of CA-ROP2 and abolished the inhibitory effect of CA-ROP2 on light-induced stomatal opening, supporting the negative effect of active ROP2 on stomatal opening.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	RHO-related protein from plants 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	50-54
18178769-6	2008	When introduced into guard cells together with CA-ROP2, At RhoGDI1, which encodes a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, inhibited plasma membrane localization of CA-ROP2 and abolished the inhibitory effect of CA-ROP2 on light-induced stomatal opening, supporting the negative effect of active ROP2 on stomatal opening.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	59-66
18178769-6	2008	When introduced into guard cells together with CA-ROP2, At RhoGDI1, which encodes a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, inhibited plasma membrane localization of CA-ROP2 and abolished the inhibitory effect of CA-ROP2 on light-induced stomatal opening, supporting the negative effect of active ROP2 on stomatal opening.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	RHO-related protein from plants 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	172-176
18178769-6	2008	When introduced into guard cells together with CA-ROP2, At RhoGDI1, which encodes a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, inhibited plasma membrane localization of CA-ROP2 and abolished the inhibitory effect of CA-ROP2 on light-induced stomatal opening, supporting the negative effect of active ROP2 on stomatal opening.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	RHO-related protein from plants 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	172-176
18178769-6	2008	When introduced into guard cells together with CA-ROP2, At RhoGDI1, which encodes a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, inhibited plasma membrane localization of CA-ROP2 and abolished the inhibitory effect of CA-ROP2 on light-induced stomatal opening, supporting the negative effect of active ROP2 on stomatal opening.	Guanine Nucleotides	84-102	RHO-related protein from plants 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	172-176
17932039-10	2007	Taken together, our results suggest that EHT 1864 selectively inhibits Rac downstream signaling and transformation by a novel mechanism involving guanine nucleotide displacement.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
17727662-1	2007	The Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC25 gene encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras proteins whose catalytic domain is highly homologous to Ras-guanine nucleotide exchange factors from higher eukaryotes.	Guanine Nucleotides	153-171	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-34
17950529-1	2007	Plexin-B1, Sema4D receptor, mediates retraction and extension signals in axon guidance by associating with PDZ-containing Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (PDZ-RhoGEFs) which can activate a small Rho GTPase RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	plexin B1	Homo sapiens	0-9
17881726-0	2007	Kalirin/Trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors regulate a novel step in secretory granule maturation.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	kalirin RhoGEF kinase	Homo sapiens	0-7
17881726-0	2007	Kalirin/Trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors regulate a novel step in secretory granule maturation.	Guanine Nucleotides	17-35	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	8-12
17950529-1	2007	Plexin-B1, Sema4D receptor, mediates retraction and extension signals in axon guidance by associating with PDZ-containing Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (PDZ-RhoGEFs) which can activate a small Rho GTPase RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	semaphorin 4D	Homo sapiens	11-17
17950529-1	2007	Plexin-B1, Sema4D receptor, mediates retraction and extension signals in axon guidance by associating with PDZ-containing Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (PDZ-RhoGEFs) which can activate a small Rho GTPase RhoA.	Guanine Nucleotides	126-144	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	214-218
17709381-3	2007	Three effector pathways downstream of Ras, Raf/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs), were assayed for their ability to promote the metastasis of a tumorigenic, nonmetastatic human prostate cancer cell line, DU145.	Guanine Nucleotides	131-149	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	127-130
17932569-4	2007	In this report, we provide genetic evidence that both the Vav family of Rho GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and phospholipase C-gamma2 (PLC-gamma2) are critical mediators of adhesion-dependent ROI production by neutrophils in mice.	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	58-61
17987124-2	2007	The latter cycle is mediated by the Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor GDI, which can selectively extract GDP-bound Rab proteins from donor membranes, and then reload them on target membranes.	Guanine Nucleotides	36-54	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-126
17947407-4	2007	mrp-4(+) activity is required for the extracellular mislocalization of birefringent material, body-length retraction, and NaCl sensitivity, phenotypes associated with defective gut granule biogenesis exhibited by embryos lacking the activity of GLO-1/Rab38, a putative GLO-1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GLO-4, and the AP-3 complex.	Guanine Nucleotides	275-293	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
17586837-2	2007	Mutations of SOS1, the gene encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras, have been the most recent discoveries in patients with NS, but this gene has not been studied in patients with CFCS.	Guanine Nucleotides	39-57	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
17850229-0	2007	Regulation of Arf activation: the Sec7 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	49-67	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
17850229-4	2007	The activation of Arfs is catalyzed by a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), referred to as the Sec7 family, based on homology of their catalytic domains to the yeast Arf GEF, sec7p.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	114-118
17850229-4	2007	The activation of Arfs is catalyzed by a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), referred to as the Sec7 family, based on homology of their catalytic domains to the yeast Arf GEF, sec7p.	Guanine Nucleotides	51-69	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	194-199
17702745-13	2007	FGFR-mediated phosphorylation of ephexin1 enhances the guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward RhoA without affecting the activity to Rac1 or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	neuronal guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	33-41
17702745-13	2007	FGFR-mediated phosphorylation of ephexin1 enhances the guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward RhoA without affecting the activity to Rac1 or Cdc42.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	99-103
17640864-0	2007	Interactions between conserved domains within homodimers in the BIG1, BIG2, and GBF1 Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	Big1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	64-68
17897845-1	2007	H-, N- and K-ras4B are lipid-anchored, peripheral membrane guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-18
17640864-0	2007	Interactions between conserved domains within homodimers in the BIG1, BIG2, and GBF1 Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	89-107	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
17686471-5	2007	To form these membrane protrusions, Rac1 is activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanine Nucleotides	57-75	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
18188419-1	2007	Y95B8A.12 gene of C. elegans encodes RhoGEF domain, which is a novel module in the Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanine Nucleotides	83-101	Pleckstrin homology and RHoGef (RhoGEF) domain containing	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-9
17786213-3	2007	Exchange of GDP for GTP on Arf6 is performed by a variety of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), principally of the cytohesin (PSCD) and EFA6 (PSD) families.	Guanine Nucleotides	61-79	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	27-31
17725712-2	2007	Proteomic analysis of proteins coimmunoprecipitated with Kv4.3 revealed that Kv4.3 is associated with Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors MR-GEF and EPAC-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3	Homo sapiens	57-62
17725712-2	2007	Proteomic analysis of proteins coimmunoprecipitated with Kv4.3 revealed that Kv4.3 is associated with Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors MR-GEF and EPAC-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3	Homo sapiens	77-82
17725712-2	2007	Proteomic analysis of proteins coimmunoprecipitated with Kv4.3 revealed that Kv4.3 is associated with Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors MR-GEF and EPAC-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	142-148
17725712-2	2007	Proteomic analysis of proteins coimmunoprecipitated with Kv4.3 revealed that Kv4.3 is associated with Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors MR-GEF and EPAC-1.	Guanine Nucleotides	106-124	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	153-159
17565009-8	2007	It was hypothesized that the A(2B)AR-mediated ERK1/2 activation may involve exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), a cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	46-52
17565009-8	2007	It was hypothesized that the A(2B)AR-mediated ERK1/2 activation may involve exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), a cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	136-154	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	112-116
17584745-0	2007	Kelch repeat protein interacts with the yeast Galpha subunit Gpa2p at a site that couples receptor binding to guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	61-66
17688947-3	2007	Using this vector, we targeted Ect2, a gene encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for several small GTPases, in human cell lines.	Guanine Nucleotides	55-73	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	31-35
17591772-4	2007	As with other known Gbeta proteins, Asc1 has a 7-WD domain structure, interacts directly with the Galpha in a guanine nucleotide-dependent manner, and inhibits Galpha guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	110-128	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-40
17591772-4	2007	As with other known Gbeta proteins, Asc1 has a 7-WD domain structure, interacts directly with the Galpha in a guanine nucleotide-dependent manner, and inhibits Galpha guanine nucleotide exchange activity.	Guanine Nucleotides	167-185	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-40
17584745-7	2007	Residues Gln-419 and Asn-425 are located in the beta6-alpha5 loop and alpha5 helix of Gpa2p, which is the region that couples receptor binding to guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	146-164	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	86-91
17550897-2	2007	Vav1 consists of multiple structural domains so as to facilitate both its guanine nucleotide exchange activity and scaffold function following T cell antigen receptor (TCR) engagement.	Guanine Nucleotides	74-92	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
17467235-2	2007	One role for GIT proteins is to link the PIX family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors and their binding partners, the p21-activated protein kinases, to remodeling focal adhesions by interacting with the focal adhesion adaptor protein paxillin.	Guanine Nucleotides	59-77	paxillin	Homo sapiens	243-251
19384428-2	2007	IMP alpha recognises specific targeting signals on cargo proteins, while IMP beta1 mediates passage into, and release within, the nucleus by interacting with other components of the transport machinery, including the monomeric guanine nucleotide binding protein Ran.	Guanine Nucleotides	227-245	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	262-265
17577583-1	2007	CASP is a small cytokine-inducible protein, primarily expressed in hematopoetic cells, which associates with members of the Cytohesin/ARNO family of guanine nucleotide-exchange factors.	Guanine Nucleotides	149-167	cytohesin 1 interacting protein	Homo sapiens	0-4
17538024-4	2007	Mechanistically, we show that the recruitment of the ERM-interacting Rho/Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dbl to the plasma membrane and to lipid raft microdomains requires the phosphorylated, active conformer of ezrin, which serves to tether the plasma membrane or its subdomains to the cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	73-78
17657315-1	2007	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT) is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases that is upregulated in Th2 cells, but whose physiological function is unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	differentially expressed in FDCP 6	Mus musculus	33-37
17657315-1	2007	SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT) is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases that is upregulated in Th2 cells, but whose physiological function is unclear.	Guanine Nucleotides	50-68	heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2	Mus musculus	124-127
17570359-5	2007	Previous studies have shown that RhoG activates Rac1 and induces several cellular functions including promotion of cell migration through its effector ELMO and the ELMO-binding protein Dock180 that function as a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	225-243	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	33-37
17570359-5	2007	Previous studies have shown that RhoG activates Rac1 and induces several cellular functions including promotion of cell migration through its effector ELMO and the ELMO-binding protein Dock180 that function as a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	225-243	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
17570359-5	2007	Previous studies have shown that RhoG activates Rac1 and induces several cellular functions including promotion of cell migration through its effector ELMO and the ELMO-binding protein Dock180 that function as a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanine Nucleotides	225-243	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	185-192
17538012-3	2007	RA-GEF-2 is a member of the multiple-member family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rap1 and characterized by the possession of a Ras/Rap1-associating domain, interacting with M-Ras-GTP as an effector, in addition to the GEF catalytic domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 6	Mus musculus	0-8
17538012-3	2007	RA-GEF-2 is a member of the multiple-member family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rap1 and characterized by the possession of a Ras/Rap1-associating domain, interacting with M-Ras-GTP as an effector, in addition to the GEF catalytic domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	101-105
17538012-3	2007	RA-GEF-2 is a member of the multiple-member family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rap1 and characterized by the possession of a Ras/Rap1-associating domain, interacting with M-Ras-GTP as an effector, in addition to the GEF catalytic domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	151-155
17538012-3	2007	RA-GEF-2 is a member of the multiple-member family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rap1 and characterized by the possession of a Ras/Rap1-associating domain, interacting with M-Ras-GTP as an effector, in addition to the GEF catalytic domain.	Guanine Nucleotides	54-72	muscle and microspikes RAS	Mus musculus	193-198
17538024-4	2007	Mechanistically, we show that the recruitment of the ERM-interacting Rho/Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dbl to the plasma membrane and to lipid raft microdomains requires the phosphorylated, active conformer of ezrin, which serves to tether the plasma membrane or its subdomains to the cytoskeleton.	Guanine Nucleotides	88-106	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	123-126
17538024-5	2007	Together these data suggest a mechanism whereby precise spatial guanine nucleotide exchange of Cdc42 by Dbl is dependent on functional ERM proteins and is important for directional cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	95-100
17538024-5	2007	Together these data suggest a mechanism whereby precise spatial guanine nucleotide exchange of Cdc42 by Dbl is dependent on functional ERM proteins and is important for directional cell migration.	Guanine Nucleotides	64-82	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	104-107
17765544-4	2007	Two distinct families of GEFs for Rho GTPases have been reported so far, based on the features of their catalytic domains: firstly, the classical GEFs, which contain a Dbl homology-pleckstrin homology domain module with GEF activity, and secondly, the Dock180-related GEFs, which contain a Dock homology region-2 domain that catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	335-353	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	25-28
17765544-4	2007	Two distinct families of GEFs for Rho GTPases have been reported so far, based on the features of their catalytic domains: firstly, the classical GEFs, which contain a Dbl homology-pleckstrin homology domain module with GEF activity, and secondly, the Dock180-related GEFs, which contain a Dock homology region-2 domain that catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on Rho GTPases.	Guanine Nucleotides	335-353	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	252-259
17491018-5	2007	These effects are due to the action of a downstream cAMP effector, Epac, a guanine nucleotide exchange-activating protein for Rap1 (RAP1-GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	67-71
17297440-1	2007	PIKE-A (phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI 3)-kinase enhancer) is a ubiquitously expressed GTPase, which binds to and enhances protein kinase B (Akt) kinase activity in a guanine nucleotide-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	167-185	ArfGAP with GTPase domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
17297440-1	2007	PIKE-A (phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI 3)-kinase enhancer) is a ubiquitously expressed GTPase, which binds to and enhances protein kinase B (Akt) kinase activity in a guanine nucleotide-dependent manner.	Guanine Nucleotides	167-185	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	141-144
17502379-5	2007	Mutants of Rheb, which do not bind guanine nucleotide (D60K, D60V, N119I, and D122N) and are unable to activate mTOR, inhibit the activity of HIF when overexpressed.	Guanine Nucleotides	35-53	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	11-15
17491018-5	2007	These effects are due to the action of a downstream cAMP effector, Epac, a guanine nucleotide exchange-activating protein for Rap1 (RAP1-GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
17491018-5	2007	These effects are due to the action of a downstream cAMP effector, Epac, a guanine nucleotide exchange-activating protein for Rap1 (RAP1-GEF).	Guanine Nucleotides	75-93	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	132-136
17512538-1	2007	In eukaryotic translation initiation, eIF2GTP-Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) interacts with eIF3-eIF1-eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), while eIF2GDP associates with eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	201-219	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A	Homo sapiens	99-103
17512538-1	2007	In eukaryotic translation initiation, eIF2GTP-Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) interacts with eIF3-eIF1-eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), while eIF2GDP associates with eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	201-219	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
17512538-1	2007	In eukaryotic translation initiation, eIF2GTP-Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) interacts with eIF3-eIF1-eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), while eIF2GDP associates with eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	201-219	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	109-113
17512538-1	2007	In eukaryotic translation initiation, eIF2GTP-Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) interacts with eIF3-eIF1-eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), while eIF2GDP associates with eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	201-219	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-42
17512538-1	2007	In eukaryotic translation initiation, eIF2GTP-Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) interacts with eIF3-eIF1-eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), while eIF2GDP associates with eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanine Nucleotides	201-219	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	191-196